aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/tools/perf/scripts/python/event_analyzing_sample.py
blob: 163c39fa12d92baf83630670e1301799ac301909 (plain) (blame)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
# event_analyzing_sample.py: general event handler in python
#
# Current perf report is already very powerful with the annotation integrated,
# and this script is not trying to be as powerful as perf report, but
# providing end user/developer a flexible way to analyze the events other
# than trace points.
#
# The 2 database related functions in this script just show how to gather
# the basic information, and users can modify and write their own functions
# according to their specific requirement.
#
# The first function "show_general_events" just does a basic grouping for all
# generic events with the help of sqlite, and the 2nd one "show_pebs_ll" is
# for a x86 HW PMU event: PEBS with load latency data.
#

import os
import sys
import math
import struct
import sqlite3

sys.path.append(os.environ['PERF_EXEC_PATH'] + \
        '/scripts/python/Perf-Trace-Util/lib/Perf/Trace')

from perf_trace_context import *
from EventClass import *

#
# If the perf.data has a big number of samples, then the insert operation
# will be very time consuming (about 10+ minutes for 10000 samples) if the
# .db database is on disk. Move the .db file to RAM based FS to speedup
# the handling, which will cut the time down to several seconds.
#
con = sqlite3.connect("/dev/shm/perf.db")
con.isolation_level = None

def trace_begin():
	print "In trace_begin:\n"

        #
        # Will create several tables at the start, pebs_ll is for PEBS data with
        # load latency info, while gen_events is for general event.
        #
        con.execute("""
                create table if not exists gen_events (
                        name text,
                        symbol text,
                        comm text,
                        dso text
                );""")
        con.execute("""
                create table if not exists pebs_ll (
                        name text,
                        symbol text,
                        comm text,
                        dso text,
                        flags integer,
                        ip integer,
                        status integer,
                        dse integer,
                        dla integer,
                        lat integer
                );""")

#
# Create and insert event object to a database so that user could
# do more analysis with simple database commands.
#
def process_event(param_dict):
        event_attr = param_dict["attr"]
        sample     = param_dict["sample"]
        raw_buf    = param_dict["raw_buf"]
        comm       = param_dict["comm"]
        name       = param_dict["ev_name"]

        # Symbol and dso info are not always resolved
        if (param_dict.has_key("dso")):
                dso = param_dict["dso"]
        else:
                dso = "Unknown_dso"

        if (param_dict.has_key("symbol")):
                symbol = param_dict["symbol"]
        else:
                symbol = "Unknown_symbol"

        # Create the event object and insert it to the right table in database
        event = create_event(name, comm, dso, symbol, raw_buf)
        insert_db(event)

def insert_db(event):
        if event.ev_type == EVTYPE_GENERIC:
                con.execute("insert into gen_events values(?, ?, ?, ?)",
                                (event.name, event.symbol, event.comm, event.dso))
        elif event.ev_type == EVTYPE_PEBS_LL:
                event.ip &= 0x7fffffffffffffff
                event.dla &= 0x7fffffffffffffff
                con.execute("insert into pebs_ll values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)",
                        (event.name, event.symbol, event.comm, event.dso, event.flags,
                                event.ip, event.status, event.dse, event.dla, event.lat))

def trace_end():
	print "In trace_end:\n"
        # We show the basic info for the 2 type of event classes
        show_general_events()
        show_pebs_ll()
        con.close()

#
# As the event number may be very big, so we can't use linear way
# to show the histogram in real number, but use a log2 algorithm.
#

def num2sym(num):
        # Each number will have at least one '#'
        snum = '#' * (int)(math.log(num, 2) + 1)
        return snum

def show_general_events():

        # Check the total record number in the table
        count = con.execute("select count(*) from gen_events")
        for t in count:
                print "There is %d records in gen_events table" % t[0]
                if t[0] == 0:
                        return

        print "Statistics about the general events grouped by thread/symbol/dso: \n"

         # Group by thread
        commq = con.execute("select comm, count(comm) from gen_events group by comm order by -count(comm)")
        print "\n%16s %8s %16s\n%s" % ("comm", "number", "histogram", "="*42)
        for row in commq:
             print "%16s %8d     %s" % (row[0], row[1], num2sym(row[1]))

        # Group by symbol
        print "\n%32s %8s %16s\n%s" % ("symbol", "number", "histogram", "="*58)
        symbolq = con.execute("select symbol, count(symbol) from gen_events group by symbol order by -count(symbol)")
        for row in symbolq:
             print "%32s %8d     %s" % (row[0], row[1], num2sym(row[1]))

        # Group by dso
        print "\n%40s %8s %16s\n%s" % ("dso", "number", "histogram", "="*74)
        dsoq = con.execute("select dso, count(dso) from gen_events group by dso order by -count(dso)")
        for row in dsoq:
             print "%40s %8d     %s" % (row[0], row[1], num2sym(row[1]))

#
# This function just shows the basic info, and we could do more with the
# data in the tables, like checking the function parameters when some
# big latency events happen.
#
def show_pebs_ll():

        count = con.execute("select count(*) from pebs_ll")
        for t in count:
                print "There is %d records in pebs_ll table" % t[0]
                if t[0] == 0:
                        return

        print "Statistics about the PEBS Load Latency events grouped by thread/symbol/dse/latency: \n"

        # Group by thread
        commq = con.execute("select comm, count(comm) from pebs_ll group by comm order by -count(comm)")
        print "\n%16s %8s %16s\n%s" % ("comm", "number", "histogram", "="*42)
        for row in commq:
             print "%16s %8d     %s" % (row[0], row[1], num2sym(row[1]))

        # Group by symbol
        print "\n%32s %8s %16s\n%s" % ("symbol", "number", "histogram", "="*58)
        symbolq = con.execute("select symbol, count(symbol) from pebs_ll group by symbol order by -count(symbol)")
        for row in symbolq:
             print "%32s %8d     %s" % (row[0], row[1], num2sym(row[1]))

        # Group by dse
        dseq = con.execute("select dse, count(dse) from pebs_ll group by dse order by -count(dse)")
        print "\n%32s %8s %16s\n%s" % ("dse", "number", "histogram", "="*58)
        for row in dseq:
             print "%32s %8d     %s" % (row[0], row[1], num2sym(row[1]))

        # Group by latency
        latq = con.execute("select lat, count(lat) from pebs_ll group by lat order by lat")
        print "\n%32s %8s %16s\n%s" % ("latency", "number", "histogram", "="*58)
        for row in latq:
             print "%32s %8d     %s" % (row[0], row[1], num2sym(row[1]))

def trace_unhandled(event_name, context, event_fields_dict):
		print ' '.join(['%s=%s'%(k,str(v))for k,v in sorted(event_fields_dict.items())])
67'>1167 1168 1169 1170 1171 1172 1173 1174 1175 1176 1177 1178 1179 1180 1181 1182 1183 1184 1185 1186 1187 1188 1189 1190 1191 1192 1193 1194 1195 1196 1197 1198 1199 1200 1201 1202 1203 1204 1205 1206 1207 1208 1209 1210 1211 1212 1213 1214 1215 1216 1217 1218 1219 1220 1221 1222 1223 1224 1225 1226 1227 1228 1229 1230 1231 1232 1233 1234 1235 1236 1237 1238 1239 1240 1241 1242 1243 1244 1245 1246 1247 1248 1249 1250 1251 1252 1253 1254 1255 1256 1257 1258 1259 1260 1261 1262 1263 1264 1265 1266 1267 1268 1269 1270 1271 1272 1273 1274 1275 1276 1277 1278 1279 1280 1281 1282 1283 1284 1285 1286 1287 1288 1289 1290 1291 1292 1293 1294 1295 1296 1297 1298 1299 1300 1301 1302 1303 1304 1305 1306 1307 1308 1309 1310 1311 1312 1313 1314 1315 1316 1317 1318 1319 1320 1321 1322 1323 1324 1325 1326 1327 1328 1329 1330 1331 1332 1333 1334 1335 1336 1337 1338 1339 1340 1341 1342 1343 1344 1345 1346 1347 1348 1349 1350 1351 1352 1353 1354 1355 1356 1357 1358 1359 1360 1361 1362 1363 1364 1365 1366 1367 1368 1369 1370 1371 1372 1373 1374 1375 1376 1377 1378 1379 1380 1381 1382 1383 1384 1385 1386 1387 1388 1389 1390 1391 1392 1393 1394 1395 1396 1397 1398 1399 1400 1401 1402 1403 1404 1405 1406 1407 1408 1409 1410 1411 1412 1413 1414 1415 1416 1417 1418 1419 1420 1421 1422 1423 1424 1425 1426 1427 1428 1429 1430 1431 1432 1433 1434 1435 1436 1437 1438 1439 1440 1441 1442 1443 1444 1445 1446 1447 1448 1449 1450 1451 1452 1453 1454 1455 1456 1457 1458 1459 1460 1461 1462 1463 1464 1465 1466 1467 1468 1469 1470 1471 1472 1473 1474 1475 1476 1477 1478 1479 1480 1481 1482 1483 1484 1485 1486 1487 1488 1489 1490 1491 1492 1493 1494 1495 1496 1497 1498 1499 1500 1501 1502 1503 1504 1505 1506 1507 1508 1509 1510 1511 1512 1513 1514 1515 1516 1517 1518 1519 1520 1521 1522 1523 1524 1525 1526 1527 1528 1529 1530 1531 1532 1533 1534 1535 1536 1537 1538 1539 1540 1541 1542 1543 1544 1545 1546 1547 1548 1549 1550 1551 1552 1553 1554 1555 1556 1557 1558 1559 1560 1561 1562 1563 1564 1565 1566 1567 1568 1569 1570 1571 1572 1573 1574 1575 1576 1577 1578 1579 1580 1581 1582 1583 1584 1585 1586 1587 1588 1589 1590 1591 1592 1593 1594 1595 1596 1597 1598 1599 1600 1601 1602 1603 1604 1605 1606 1607 1608 1609 1610 1611 1612 1613 1614 1615 1616 1617 1618 1619 1620 1621 1622 1623 1624 1625 1626 1627 1628 1629 1630 1631 1632 1633 1634 1635 1636 1637 1638 1639 1640 1641 1642 1643 1644 1645 1646 1647 1648 1649 1650 1651 1652 1653 1654 1655 1656 1657 1658 1659 1660 1661 1662 1663 1664 1665 1666 1667 1668 1669 1670 1671 1672 1673 1674 1675 1676 1677 1678 1679 1680 1681 1682 1683 1684 1685 1686 1687 1688 1689 1690 1691 1692 1693 1694 1695 1696 1697 1698 1699 1700 1701 1702 1703 1704 1705 1706 1707 1708 1709 1710 1711 1712 1713 1714 1715 1716 1717 1718 1719 1720 1721 1722 1723 1724 1725 1726 1727 1728 1729 1730 1731 1732 1733 1734 1735 1736 1737 1738 1739 1740 1741 1742 1743 1744 1745 1746 1747 1748 1749 1750 1751 1752 1753 1754 1755 1756 1757 1758 1759 1760 1761 1762 1763 1764 1765 1766 1767 1768 1769 1770 1771 1772 1773 1774 1775 1776 1777 1778 1779 1780 1781 1782 1783 1784 1785 1786 1787 1788 1789 1790 1791 1792 1793 1794 1795 1796 1797 1798 1799 1800 1801 1802 1803 1804 1805 1806 1807 1808 1809 1810 1811 1812 1813 1814 1815 1816 1817 1818 1819 1820 1821 1822 1823 1824 1825 1826 1827 1828 1829 1830 1831 1832 1833 1834 1835 1836 1837 1838 1839 1840 1841 1842 1843 1844 1845 1846 1847 1848 1849 1850 1851 1852 1853 1854 1855 1856 1857 1858 1859 1860 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035 2036 2037 2038 2039 2040 2041 2042 2043 2044 2045 2046 2047 2048 2049 2050 2051 2052 2053 2054 2055 2056 2057 2058 2059 2060 2061 2062 2063 2064 2065 2066 2067 2068 2069 2070 2071 2072 2073 2074 2075 2076 2077 2078 2079 2080 2081 2082 2083 2084 2085 2086 2087 2088 2089 2090 2091 2092 2093 2094 2095 2096 2097 2098 2099 2100 2101 2102 2103 2104 2105 2106 2107 2108 2109 2110 2111 2112 2113 2114 2115 2116 2117 2118 2119 2120 2121 2122 2123 2124 2125 2126 2127 2128 2129 2130 2131 2132 2133 2134 2135 2136 2137 2138 2139 2140 2141 2142 2143 2144 2145 2146 2147 2148 2149 2150 2151 2152 2153 2154 2155 2156 2157 2158 2159 2160 2161 2162 2163 2164 2165 2166 2167 2168 2169 2170 2171 2172 2173 2174 2175 2176 2177 2178 2179 2180 2181 2182 2183 2184 2185 2186 2187 2188 2189 2190 2191 2192 2193 2194 2195 2196 2197 2198 2199 2200 2201 2202 2203 2204 2205 2206 2207 2208 2209 2210 2211 2212 2213 2214 2215 2216 2217 2218 2219 2220 2221 2222 2223 2224 2225 2226 2227 2228 2229 2230 2231 2232 2233 2234 2235 2236 2237 2238 2239 2240 2241 2242 2243 2244 2245 2246 2247 2248 2249 2250 2251 2252 2253 2254 2255 2256 2257 2258 2259 2260 2261 2262 2263 2264 2265 2266 2267 2268 2269 2270 2271 2272 2273 2274 2275 2276 2277 2278 2279 2280 2281 2282 2283 2284 2285 2286 2287 2288 2289 2290 2291 2292 2293 2294 2295 2296 2297 2298 2299 2300 2301 2302 2303 2304 2305 2306 2307 2308 2309 2310 2311 2312 2313 2314 2315 2316 2317 2318 2319 2320 2321 2322 2323 2324 2325 2326 2327 2328 2329 2330 2331 2332 2333 2334 2335 2336 2337 2338 2339 2340 2341 2342 2343 2344 2345 2346 2347 2348 2349 2350 2351 2352 2353 2354 2355 2356 2357 2358 2359 2360 2361 2362 2363 2364 2365 2366 2367 2368 2369 2370 2371 2372 2373 2374 2375 2376 2377 2378 2379 2380 2381 2382 2383 2384 2385 2386 2387 2388 2389 2390 2391 2392 2393 2394 2395 2396 2397 2398 2399 2400 2401 2402 2403 2404 2405 2406 2407 2408 2409 2410 2411 2412 2413 2414 2415 2416 2417 2418 2419 2420 2421 2422 2423 2424 2425 2426 2427 2428 2429 2430 2431 2432 2433 2434 2435 2436 2437 2438 2439 2440 2441 2442 2443 2444 2445 2446 2447 2448 2449 2450 2451 2452 2453 2454 2455 2456 2457 2458 2459 2460 2461 2462 2463 2464 2465 2466 2467 2468 2469 2470 2471 2472 2473 2474 2475 2476 2477 2478 2479 2480 2481 2482 2483 2484 2485 2486 2487 2488 2489 2490 2491 2492 2493 2494 2495 2496 2497 2498 2499 2500 2501 2502 2503 2504 2505 2506 2507 2508 2509 2510 2511 2512 2513 2514 2515 2516 2517 2518 2519 2520 2521 2522 2523 2524 2525 2526 2527 2528 2529 2530 2531 2532 2533 2534 2535 2536 2537 2538 2539 2540 2541 2542 2543 2544 2545 2546 2547 2548 2549 2550 2551 2552 2553 2554 2555 2556 2557 2558 2559 2560 2561 2562 2563 2564 2565 2566 2567 2568 2569 2570 2571 2572 2573 2574 2575 2576 2577 2578 2579 2580 2581 2582 2583 2584 2585 2586 2587 2588 2589 2590 2591 2592 2593 2594 2595 2596 2597 2598 2599 2600 2601 2602 2603 2604 2605 2606 2607 2608 2609 2610 2611 2612 2613 2614 2615 2616 2617 2618 2619 2620 2621 2622 2623 2624 2625 2626 2627 2628 2629 2630 2631 2632 2633 2634 2635 2636 2637 2638 2639 2640 2641 2642 2643 2644 2645 2646 2647 2648 2649 2650 2651 2652 2653 2654 2655 2656 2657 2658 2659 2660 2661 2662 2663 2664 2665 2666 2667 2668 2669 2670 2671 2672 2673 2674 2675 2676 2677 2678 2679 2680 2681 2682 2683 2684 2685 2686 2687 2688 2689 2690 2691 2692 2693 2694 2695 2696 2697 2698 2699 2700 2701 2702 2703 2704 2705 2706 2707 2708 2709 2710 2711 2712 2713 2714 2715 2716 2717 2718 2719 2720 2721 2722 2723 2724 2725 2726 2727 2728 2729 2730 2731 2732 2733 2734 2735 2736 2737 2738 2739 2740 2741 2742 2743 2744 2745 2746 2747 2748 2749 2750 2751 2752 2753 2754 2755 2756 2757 2758 2759 2760 2761 2762 2763 2764 2765 2766 2767 2768 2769 2770 2771 2772 2773 2774 2775 2776 2777 2778 2779 2780 2781 2782 2783 2784 2785 2786 2787 2788 2789 2790 2791 2792 2793 2794 2795 2796 2797 2798 2799 2800 2801
/*
 *  linux/fs/namespace.c
 *
 * (C) Copyright Al Viro 2000, 2001
 *	Released under GPL v2.
 *
 * Based on code from fs/super.c, copyright Linus Torvalds and others.
 * Heavily rewritten.
 */

#include <linux/syscalls.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/spinlock.h>
#include <linux/percpu.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/acct.h>
#include <linux/capability.h>
#include <linux/cpumask.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/sysfs.h>
#include <linux/seq_file.h>
#include <linux/mnt_namespace.h>
#include <linux/namei.h>
#include <linux/nsproxy.h>
#include <linux/security.h>
#include <linux/mount.h>
#include <linux/ramfs.h>
#include <linux/log2.h>
#include <linux/idr.h>
#include <linux/fs_struct.h>
#include <linux/fsnotify.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/unistd.h>
#include "pnode.h"
#include "internal.h"

#define HASH_SHIFT ilog2(PAGE_SIZE / sizeof(struct list_head))
#define HASH_SIZE (1UL << HASH_SHIFT)

static int event;
static DEFINE_IDA(mnt_id_ida);
static DEFINE_IDA(mnt_group_ida);
static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(mnt_id_lock);
static int mnt_id_start = 0;
static int mnt_group_start = 1;

static struct list_head *mount_hashtable __read_mostly;
static struct kmem_cache *mnt_cache __read_mostly;
static struct rw_semaphore namespace_sem;

/* /sys/fs */
struct kobject *fs_kobj;
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(fs_kobj);

/*
 * vfsmount lock may be taken for read to prevent changes to the
 * vfsmount hash, ie. during mountpoint lookups or walking back
 * up the tree.
 *
 * It should be taken for write in all cases where the vfsmount
 * tree or hash is modified or when a vfsmount structure is modified.
 */
DEFINE_BRLOCK(vfsmount_lock);

static inline unsigned long hash(struct vfsmount *mnt, struct dentry *dentry)
{
	unsigned long tmp = ((unsigned long)mnt / L1_CACHE_BYTES);
	tmp += ((unsigned long)dentry / L1_CACHE_BYTES);
	tmp = tmp + (tmp >> HASH_SHIFT);
	return tmp & (HASH_SIZE - 1);
}

#define MNT_WRITER_UNDERFLOW_LIMIT -(1<<16)

/*
 * allocation is serialized by namespace_sem, but we need the spinlock to
 * serialize with freeing.
 */
static int mnt_alloc_id(struct mount *mnt)
{
	int res;

retry:
	ida_pre_get(&mnt_id_ida, GFP_KERNEL);
	spin_lock(&mnt_id_lock);
	res = ida_get_new_above(&mnt_id_ida, mnt_id_start, &mnt->mnt_id);
	if (!res)
		mnt_id_start = mnt->mnt_id + 1;
	spin_unlock(&mnt_id_lock);
	if (res == -EAGAIN)
		goto retry;

	return res;
}

static void mnt_free_id(struct mount *mnt)
{
	int id = mnt->mnt_id;
	spin_lock(&mnt_id_lock);
	ida_remove(&mnt_id_ida, id);
	if (mnt_id_start > id)
		mnt_id_start = id;
	spin_unlock(&mnt_id_lock);
}

/*
 * Allocate a new peer group ID
 *
 * mnt_group_ida is protected by namespace_sem
 */
static int mnt_alloc_group_id(struct mount *mnt)
{
	int res;

	if (!ida_pre_get(&mnt_group_ida, GFP_KERNEL))
		return -ENOMEM;

	res = ida_get_new_above(&mnt_group_ida,
				mnt_group_start,
				&mnt->mnt_group_id);
	if (!res)
		mnt_group_start = mnt->mnt_group_id + 1;

	return res;
}

/*
 * Release a peer group ID
 */
void mnt_release_group_id(struct mount *mnt)
{
	int id = mnt->mnt_group_id;
	ida_remove(&mnt_group_ida, id);
	if (mnt_group_start > id)
		mnt_group_start = id;
	mnt->mnt_group_id = 0;
}

/*
 * vfsmount lock must be held for read
 */
static inline void mnt_add_count(struct mount *mnt, int n)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
	this_cpu_add(mnt->mnt_pcp->mnt_count, n);
#else
	preempt_disable();
	mnt->mnt_count += n;
	preempt_enable();
#endif
}

/*
 * vfsmount lock must be held for write
 */
unsigned int mnt_get_count(struct mount *mnt)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
	unsigned int count = 0;
	int cpu;

	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
		count += per_cpu_ptr(mnt->mnt_pcp, cpu)->mnt_count;
	}

	return count;
#else
	return mnt->mnt_count;
#endif
}

static struct mount *alloc_vfsmnt(const char *name)
{
	struct mount *p = kmem_cache_zalloc(mnt_cache, GFP_KERNEL);
	if (p) {
		struct vfsmount *mnt = &p->mnt;
		int err;

		err = mnt_alloc_id(p);
		if (err)
			goto out_free_cache;

		if (name) {
			p->mnt_devname = kstrdup(name, GFP_KERNEL);
			if (!p->mnt_devname)
				goto out_free_id;
		}

#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
		p->mnt_pcp = alloc_percpu(struct mnt_pcp);
		if (!p->mnt_pcp)
			goto out_free_devname;

		this_cpu_add(p->mnt_pcp->mnt_count, 1);
#else
		p->mnt_count = 1;
		p->mnt_writers = 0;
#endif

		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->mnt_hash);
		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->mnt_child);
		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->mnt_mounts);
		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->mnt_list);
		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->mnt_expire);
		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->mnt_share);
		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->mnt_slave_list);
		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->mnt_slave);
#ifdef CONFIG_FSNOTIFY
		INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&mnt->mnt_fsnotify_marks);
#endif
	}
	return p;

#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
out_free_devname:
	kfree(p->mnt_devname);
#endif
out_free_id:
	mnt_free_id(p);
out_free_cache:
	kmem_cache_free(mnt_cache, p);
	return NULL;
}

/*
 * Most r/o checks on a fs are for operations that take
 * discrete amounts of time, like a write() or unlink().
 * We must keep track of when those operations start
 * (for permission checks) and when they end, so that
 * we can determine when writes are able to occur to
 * a filesystem.
 */
/*
 * __mnt_is_readonly: check whether a mount is read-only
 * @mnt: the mount to check for its write status
 *
 * This shouldn't be used directly ouside of the VFS.
 * It does not guarantee that the filesystem will stay
 * r/w, just that it is right *now*.  This can not and
 * should not be used in place of IS_RDONLY(inode).
 * mnt_want/drop_write() will _keep_ the filesystem
 * r/w.
 */
int __mnt_is_readonly(struct vfsmount *mnt)
{
	if (mnt->mnt_flags & MNT_READONLY)
		return 1;
	if (mnt->mnt_sb->s_flags & MS_RDONLY)
		return 1;
	return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__mnt_is_readonly);

static inline void mnt_inc_writers(struct mount *mnt)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
	this_cpu_inc(mnt->mnt_pcp->mnt_writers);
#else
	mnt->mnt_writers++;
#endif
}

static inline void mnt_dec_writers(struct mount *mnt)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
	this_cpu_dec(mnt->mnt_pcp->mnt_writers);
#else
	mnt->mnt_writers--;
#endif
}

static unsigned int mnt_get_writers(struct mount *mnt)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
	unsigned int count = 0;
	int cpu;

	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
		count += per_cpu_ptr(mnt->mnt_pcp, cpu)->mnt_writers;
	}

	return count;
#else
	return mnt->mnt_writers;
#endif
}

/*
 * Most r/o checks on a fs are for operations that take
 * discrete amounts of time, like a write() or unlink().
 * We must keep track of when those operations start
 * (for permission checks) and when they end, so that
 * we can determine when writes are able to occur to
 * a filesystem.
 */
/**
 * mnt_want_write - get write access to a mount
 * @m: the mount on which to take a write
 *
 * This tells the low-level filesystem that a write is
 * about to be performed to it, and makes sure that
 * writes are allowed before returning success.  When
 * the write operation is finished, mnt_drop_write()
 * must be called.  This is effectively a refcount.
 */
int mnt_want_write(struct vfsmount *m)
{
	struct mount *mnt = real_mount(m);
	int ret = 0;

	preempt_disable();
	mnt_inc_writers(mnt);
	/*
	 * The store to mnt_inc_writers must be visible before we pass
	 * MNT_WRITE_HOLD loop below, so that the slowpath can see our
	 * incremented count after it has set MNT_WRITE_HOLD.
	 */
	smp_mb();
	while (mnt->mnt.mnt_flags & MNT_WRITE_HOLD)
		cpu_relax();
	/*
	 * After the slowpath clears MNT_WRITE_HOLD, mnt_is_readonly will
	 * be set to match its requirements. So we must not load that until
	 * MNT_WRITE_HOLD is cleared.
	 */
	smp_rmb();
	if (__mnt_is_readonly(m)) {
		mnt_dec_writers(mnt);
		ret = -EROFS;
		goto out;
	}
out:
	preempt_enable();
	return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(mnt_want_write);

/**
 * mnt_clone_write - get write access to a mount
 * @mnt: the mount on which to take a write
 *
 * This is effectively like mnt_want_write, except
 * it must only be used to take an extra write reference
 * on a mountpoint that we already know has a write reference
 * on it. This allows some optimisation.
 *
 * After finished, mnt_drop_write must be called as usual to
 * drop the reference.
 */
int mnt_clone_write(struct vfsmount *mnt)
{
	/* superblock may be r/o */
	if (__mnt_is_readonly(mnt))
		return -EROFS;
	preempt_disable();
	mnt_inc_writers(real_mount(mnt));
	preempt_enable();
	return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(mnt_clone_write);

/**
 * mnt_want_write_file - get write access to a file's mount
 * @file: the file who's mount on which to take a write
 *
 * This is like mnt_want_write, but it takes a file and can
 * do some optimisations if the file is open for write already
 */
int mnt_want_write_file(struct file *file)
{
	struct inode *inode = file->f_dentry->d_inode;
	if (!(file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE) || special_file(inode->i_mode))
		return mnt_want_write(file->f_path.mnt);
	else
		return mnt_clone_write(file->f_path.mnt);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(mnt_want_write_file);

/**
 * mnt_drop_write - give up write access to a mount
 * @mnt: the mount on which to give up write access
 *
 * Tells the low-level filesystem that we are done
 * performing writes to it.  Must be matched with
 * mnt_want_write() call above.
 */
void mnt_drop_write(struct vfsmount *mnt)
{
	preempt_disable();
	mnt_dec_writers(real_mount(mnt));
	preempt_enable();
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(mnt_drop_write);

void mnt_drop_write_file(struct file *file)
{
	mnt_drop_write(file->f_path.mnt);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(mnt_drop_write_file);

static int mnt_make_readonly(struct mount *mnt)
{
	int ret = 0;

	br_write_lock(vfsmount_lock);
	mnt->mnt.mnt_flags |= MNT_WRITE_HOLD;
	/*
	 * After storing MNT_WRITE_HOLD, we'll read the counters. This store
	 * should be visible before we do.
	 */
	smp_mb();

	/*
	 * With writers on hold, if this value is zero, then there are
	 * definitely no active writers (although held writers may subsequently
	 * increment the count, they'll have to wait, and decrement it after
	 * seeing MNT_READONLY).
	 *
	 * It is OK to have counter incremented on one CPU and decremented on
	 * another: the sum will add up correctly. The danger would be when we
	 * sum up each counter, if we read a counter before it is incremented,
	 * but then read another CPU's count which it has been subsequently
	 * decremented from -- we would see more decrements than we should.
	 * MNT_WRITE_HOLD protects against this scenario, because
	 * mnt_want_write first increments count, then smp_mb, then spins on
	 * MNT_WRITE_HOLD, so it can't be decremented by another CPU while
	 * we're counting up here.
	 */
	if (mnt_get_writers(mnt) > 0)
		ret = -EBUSY;
	else
		mnt->mnt.mnt_flags |= MNT_READONLY;
	/*
	 * MNT_READONLY must become visible before ~MNT_WRITE_HOLD, so writers
	 * that become unheld will see MNT_READONLY.
	 */
	smp_wmb();
	mnt->mnt.mnt_flags &= ~MNT_WRITE_HOLD;
	br_write_unlock(vfsmount_lock);
	return ret;
}

static void __mnt_unmake_readonly(struct mount *mnt)
{
	br_write_lock(vfsmount_lock);
	mnt->mnt.mnt_flags &= ~MNT_READONLY;
	br_write_unlock(vfsmount_lock);
}

static void free_vfsmnt(struct mount *mnt)
{
	kfree(mnt->mnt_devname);
	mnt_free_id(mnt);
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
	free_percpu(mnt->mnt_pcp);
#endif
	kmem_cache_free(mnt_cache, mnt);
}

/*
 * find the first or last mount at @dentry on vfsmount @mnt depending on
 * @dir. If @dir is set return the first mount else return the last mount.
 * vfsmount_lock must be held for read or write.
 */
struct mount *__lookup_mnt(struct vfsmount *mnt, struct dentry *dentry,
			      int dir)
{
	struct list_head *head = mount_hashtable + hash(mnt, dentry);
	struct list_head *tmp = head;
	struct mount *p, *found = NULL;

	for (;;) {
		tmp = dir ? tmp->next : tmp->prev;
		p = NULL;
		if (tmp == head)
			break;
		p = list_entry(tmp, struct mount, mnt_hash);
		if (&p->mnt_parent->mnt == mnt && p->mnt_mountpoint == dentry) {
			found = p;
			break;
		}
	}
	return found;
}

/*
 * lookup_mnt increments the ref count before returning
 * the vfsmount struct.
 */
struct vfsmount *lookup_mnt(struct path *path)
{
	struct mount *child_mnt;

	br_read_lock(vfsmount_lock);
	child_mnt = __lookup_mnt(path->mnt, path->dentry, 1);
	if (child_mnt) {
		mnt_add_count(child_mnt, 1);
		br_read_unlock(vfsmount_lock);
		return &child_mnt->mnt;
	} else {
		br_read_unlock(vfsmount_lock);
		return NULL;
	}
}

static inline int check_mnt(struct mount *mnt)
{
	return mnt->mnt_ns == current->nsproxy->mnt_ns;
}

/*
 * vfsmount lock must be held for write
 */
static void touch_mnt_namespace(struct mnt_namespace *ns)
{
	if (ns) {
		ns->event = ++event;
		wake_up_interruptible(&ns->poll);
	}
}

/*
 * vfsmount lock must be held for write
 */
static void __touch_mnt_namespace(struct mnt_namespace *ns)
{
	if (ns && ns->event != event) {
		ns->event = event;
		wake_up_interruptible(&ns->poll);
	}
}

/*
 * Clear dentry's mounted state if it has no remaining mounts.
 * vfsmount_lock must be held for write.
 */
static void dentry_reset_mounted(struct dentry *dentry)
{
	unsigned u;

	for (u = 0; u < HASH_SIZE; u++) {
		struct mount *p;

		list_for_each_entry(p, &mount_hashtable[u], mnt_hash) {
			if (p->mnt_mountpoint == dentry)
				return;
		}
	}
	spin_lock(&dentry->d_lock);
	dentry->d_flags &= ~DCACHE_MOUNTED;
	spin_unlock(&dentry->d_lock);
}

/*
 * vfsmount lock must be held for write
 */
static void detach_mnt(struct mount *mnt, struct path *old_path)
{
	old_path->dentry = mnt->mnt_mountpoint;
	old_path->mnt = &mnt->mnt_parent->mnt;
	mnt->mnt_parent = mnt;
	mnt->mnt_mountpoint = mnt->mnt.mnt_root;
	list_del_init(&mnt->mnt_child);
	list_del_init(&mnt->mnt_hash);
	dentry_reset_mounted(old_path->dentry);
}

/*
 * vfsmount lock must be held for write
 */
void mnt_set_mountpoint(struct mount *mnt, struct dentry *dentry,
			struct mount *child_mnt)
{
	child_mnt->mnt_parent = real_mount(mntget(&mnt->mnt));
	child_mnt->mnt_mountpoint = dget(dentry);
	spin_lock(&dentry->d_lock);
	dentry->d_flags |= DCACHE_MOUNTED;
	spin_unlock(&dentry->d_lock);
}

/*
 * vfsmount lock must be held for write
 */
static void attach_mnt(struct mount *mnt, struct path *path)
{
	mnt_set_mountpoint(real_mount(path->mnt), path->dentry, mnt);
	list_add_tail(&mnt->mnt_hash, mount_hashtable +
			hash(path->mnt, path->dentry));
	list_add_tail(&mnt->mnt_child, &real_mount(path->mnt)->mnt_mounts);
}

static inline void __mnt_make_longterm(struct mount *mnt)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
	atomic_inc(&mnt->mnt_longterm);
#endif
}

/* needs vfsmount lock for write */
static inline void __mnt_make_shortterm(struct mount *mnt)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
	atomic_dec(&mnt->mnt_longterm);
#endif
}

/*
 * vfsmount lock must be held for write
 */
static void commit_tree(struct mount *mnt)
{
	struct mount *parent = mnt->mnt_parent;
	struct mount *m;
	LIST_HEAD(head);
	struct mnt_namespace *n = parent->mnt_ns;

	BUG_ON(parent == mnt);

	list_add_tail(&head, &mnt->mnt_list);
	list_for_each_entry(m, &head, mnt_list) {
		m->mnt_ns = n;
		__mnt_make_longterm(m);
	}

	list_splice(&head, n->list.prev);

	list_add_tail(&mnt->mnt_hash, mount_hashtable +
				hash(&parent->mnt, mnt->mnt_mountpoint));
	list_add_tail(&mnt->mnt_child, &parent->mnt_mounts);
	touch_mnt_namespace(n);
}

static struct mount *next_mnt(struct mount *p, struct vfsmount *root)
{
	struct list_head *next = p->mnt_mounts.next;
	if (next == &p->mnt_mounts) {
		while (1) {
			if (&p->mnt == root)
				return NULL;
			next = p->mnt_child.next;
			if (next != &p->mnt_parent->mnt_mounts)
				break;
			p = p->mnt_parent;
		}
	}
	return list_entry(next, struct mount, mnt_child);
}

static struct mount *skip_mnt_tree(struct mount *p)
{
	struct list_head *prev = p->mnt_mounts.prev;
	while (prev != &p->mnt_mounts) {
		p = list_entry(prev, struct mount, mnt_child);
		prev = p->mnt_mounts.prev;
	}
	return p;
}

struct vfsmount *
vfs_kern_mount(struct file_system_type *type, int flags, const char *name, void *data)
{
	struct mount *mnt;
	struct dentry *root;

	if (!type)
		return ERR_PTR(-ENODEV);

	mnt = alloc_vfsmnt(name);
	if (!mnt)
		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);

	if (flags & MS_KERNMOUNT)
		mnt->mnt.mnt_flags = MNT_INTERNAL;

	root = mount_fs(type, flags, name, data);
	if (IS_ERR(root)) {
		free_vfsmnt(mnt);
		return ERR_CAST(root);
	}

	mnt->mnt.mnt_root = root;
	mnt->mnt.mnt_sb = root->d_sb;
	mnt->mnt_mountpoint = mnt->mnt.mnt_root;
	mnt->mnt_parent = mnt;
	return &mnt->mnt;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfs_kern_mount);

static struct mount *clone_mnt(struct mount *old, struct dentry *root,
					int flag)
{
	struct super_block *sb = old->mnt.mnt_sb;
	struct mount *mnt = alloc_vfsmnt(old->mnt_devname);

	if (mnt) {
		if (flag & (CL_SLAVE | CL_PRIVATE))
			mnt->mnt_group_id = 0; /* not a peer of original */
		else
			mnt->mnt_group_id = old->mnt_group_id;

		if ((flag & CL_MAKE_SHARED) && !mnt->mnt_group_id) {
			int err = mnt_alloc_group_id(mnt);
			if (err)
				goto out_free;
		}

		mnt->mnt.mnt_flags = old->mnt.mnt_flags & ~MNT_WRITE_HOLD;
		atomic_inc(&sb->s_active);
		mnt->mnt.mnt_sb = sb;
		mnt->mnt.mnt_root = dget(root);
		mnt->mnt_mountpoint = mnt->mnt.mnt_root;
		mnt->mnt_parent = mnt;

		if (flag & CL_SLAVE) {
			list_add(&mnt->mnt_slave, &old->mnt_slave_list);
			mnt->mnt_master = old;
			CLEAR_MNT_SHARED(mnt);
		} else if (!(flag & CL_PRIVATE)) {
			if ((flag & CL_MAKE_SHARED) || IS_MNT_SHARED(old))
				list_add(&mnt->mnt_share, &old->mnt_share);
			if (IS_MNT_SLAVE(old))
				list_add(&mnt->mnt_slave, &old->mnt_slave);
			mnt->mnt_master = old->mnt_master;
		}
		if (flag & CL_MAKE_SHARED)
			set_mnt_shared(mnt);

		/* stick the duplicate mount on the same expiry list
		 * as the original if that was on one */
		if (flag & CL_EXPIRE) {
			if (!list_empty(&old->mnt_expire))
				list_add(&mnt->mnt_expire, &old->mnt_expire);
		}
	}
	return mnt;

 out_free:
	free_vfsmnt(mnt);
	return NULL;
}

static inline void mntfree(struct mount *mnt)
{
	struct vfsmount *m = &mnt->mnt;
	struct super_block *sb = m->mnt_sb;

	/*
	 * This probably indicates that somebody messed
	 * up a mnt_want/drop_write() pair.  If this
	 * happens, the filesystem was probably unable
	 * to make r/w->r/o transitions.
	 */
	/*
	 * The locking used to deal with mnt_count decrement provides barriers,
	 * so mnt_get_writers() below is safe.
	 */
	WARN_ON(mnt_get_writers(mnt));
	fsnotify_vfsmount_delete(m);
	dput(m->mnt_root);
	free_vfsmnt(mnt);
	deactivate_super(sb);
}

static void mntput_no_expire(struct mount *mnt)
{
put_again:
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
	br_read_lock(vfsmount_lock);
	if (likely(atomic_read(&mnt->mnt_longterm))) {
		mnt_add_count(mnt, -1);
		br_read_unlock(vfsmount_lock);
		return;
	}
	br_read_unlock(vfsmount_lock);

	br_write_lock(vfsmount_lock);
	mnt_add_count(mnt, -1);
	if (mnt_get_count(mnt)) {
		br_write_unlock(vfsmount_lock);
		return;
	}
#else
	mnt_add_count(mnt, -1);
	if (likely(mnt_get_count(mnt)))
		return;
	br_write_lock(vfsmount_lock);
#endif
	if (unlikely(mnt->mnt_pinned)) {
		mnt_add_count(mnt, mnt->mnt_pinned + 1);
		mnt->mnt_pinned = 0;
		br_write_unlock(vfsmount_lock);
		acct_auto_close_mnt(&mnt->mnt);
		goto put_again;
	}
	br_write_unlock(vfsmount_lock);
	mntfree(mnt);
}

void mntput(struct vfsmount *mnt)
{
	if (mnt) {
		struct mount *m = real_mount(mnt);
		/* avoid cacheline pingpong, hope gcc doesn't get "smart" */
		if (unlikely(m->mnt_expiry_mark))
			m->mnt_expiry_mark = 0;
		mntput_no_expire(m);
	}
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(mntput);

struct vfsmount *mntget(struct vfsmount *mnt)
{
	if (mnt)
		mnt_add_count(real_mount(mnt), 1);
	return mnt;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(mntget);

void mnt_pin(struct vfsmount *mnt)
{
	br_write_lock(vfsmount_lock);
	real_mount(mnt)->mnt_pinned++;
	br_write_unlock(vfsmount_lock);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(mnt_pin);

void mnt_unpin(struct vfsmount *m)
{
	struct mount *mnt = real_mount(m);
	br_write_lock(vfsmount_lock);
	if (mnt->mnt_pinned) {
		mnt_add_count(mnt, 1);
		mnt->mnt_pinned--;
	}
	br_write_unlock(vfsmount_lock);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(mnt_unpin);

static inline void mangle(struct seq_file *m, const char *s)
{
	seq_escape(m, s, " \t\n\\");
}

/*
 * Simple .show_options callback for filesystems which don't want to
 * implement more complex mount option showing.
 *
 * See also save_mount_options().
 */
int generic_show_options(struct seq_file *m, struct vfsmount *mnt)
{
	const char *options;

	rcu_read_lock();
	options = rcu_dereference(mnt->mnt_sb->s_options);

	if (options != NULL && options[0]) {
		seq_putc(m, ',');
		mangle(m, options);
	}
	rcu_read_unlock();

	return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(generic_show_options);

/*
 * If filesystem uses generic_show_options(), this function should be
 * called from the fill_super() callback.
 *
 * The .remount_fs callback usually needs to be handled in a special
 * way, to make sure, that previous options are not overwritten if the
 * remount fails.
 *
 * Also note, that if the filesystem's .remount_fs function doesn't
 * reset all options to their default value, but changes only newly
 * given options, then the displayed options will not reflect reality
 * any more.
 */
void save_mount_options(struct super_block *sb, char *options)
{
	BUG_ON(sb->s_options);
	rcu_assign_pointer(sb->s_options, kstrdup(options, GFP_KERNEL));
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(save_mount_options);

void replace_mount_options(struct super_block *sb, char *options)
{
	char *old = sb->s_options;
	rcu_assign_pointer(sb->s_options, options);
	if (old) {
		synchronize_rcu();
		kfree(old);
	}
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(replace_mount_options);

#ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
/* iterator */
static void *m_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos)
{
	struct proc_mounts *p = m->private;

	down_read(&namespace_sem);
	return seq_list_start(&p->ns->list, *pos);
}

static void *m_next(struct seq_file *m, void *v, loff_t *pos)
{
	struct proc_mounts *p = m->private;

	return seq_list_next(v, &p->ns->list, pos);
}

static void m_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
{
	up_read(&namespace_sem);
}

int mnt_had_events(struct proc_mounts *p)
{
	struct mnt_namespace *ns = p->ns;
	int res = 0;

	br_read_lock(vfsmount_lock);
	if (p->m.poll_event != ns->event) {
		p->m.poll_event = ns->event;
		res = 1;
	}
	br_read_unlock(vfsmount_lock);

	return res;
}

struct proc_fs_info {
	int flag;
	const char *str;
};

static int show_sb_opts(struct seq_file *m, struct super_block *sb)
{
	static const struct proc_fs_info fs_info[] = {
		{ MS_SYNCHRONOUS, ",sync" },
		{ MS_DIRSYNC, ",dirsync" },
		{ MS_MANDLOCK, ",mand" },
		{ 0, NULL }
	};
	const struct proc_fs_info *fs_infop;

	for (fs_infop = fs_info; fs_infop->flag; fs_infop++) {
		if (sb->s_flags & fs_infop->flag)
			seq_puts(m, fs_infop->str);
	}

	return security_sb_show_options(m, sb);
}

static void show_mnt_opts(struct seq_file *m, struct vfsmount *mnt)
{
	static const struct proc_fs_info mnt_info[] = {
		{ MNT_NOSUID, ",nosuid" },
		{ MNT_NODEV, ",nodev" },
		{ MNT_NOEXEC, ",noexec" },
		{ MNT_NOATIME, ",noatime" },
		{ MNT_NODIRATIME, ",nodiratime" },
		{ MNT_RELATIME, ",relatime" },
		{ 0, NULL }
	};
	const struct proc_fs_info *fs_infop;

	for (fs_infop = mnt_info; fs_infop->flag; fs_infop++) {
		if (mnt->mnt_flags & fs_infop->flag)
			seq_puts(m, fs_infop->str);
	}
}

static void show_type(struct seq_file *m, struct super_block *sb)
{
	mangle(m, sb->s_type->name);
	if (sb->s_subtype && sb->s_subtype[0]) {
		seq_putc(m, '.');
		mangle(m, sb->s_subtype);
	}
}

static int show_vfsmnt(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
{
	struct mount *r = list_entry(v, struct mount, mnt_list);
	struct vfsmount *mnt = &r->mnt;
	int err = 0;
	struct path mnt_path = { .dentry = mnt->mnt_root, .mnt = mnt };

	if (mnt->mnt_sb->s_op->show_devname) {
		err = mnt->mnt_sb->s_op->show_devname(m, mnt);
		if (err)
			goto out;
	} else {
		mangle(m, r->mnt_devname ? r->mnt_devname : "none");
	}
	seq_putc(m, ' ');
	seq_path(m, &mnt_path, " \t\n\\");
	seq_putc(m, ' ');
	show_type(m, mnt->mnt_sb);
	seq_puts(m, __mnt_is_readonly(mnt) ? " ro" : " rw");
	err = show_sb_opts(m, mnt->mnt_sb);
	if (err)
		goto out;
	show_mnt_opts(m, mnt);
	if (mnt->mnt_sb->s_op->show_options)
		err = mnt->mnt_sb->s_op->show_options(m, mnt);
	seq_puts(m, " 0 0\n");
out:
	return err;
}

const struct seq_operations mounts_op = {
	.start	= m_start,
	.next	= m_next,
	.stop	= m_stop,
	.show	= show_vfsmnt
};

static int show_mountinfo(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
{
	struct proc_mounts *p = m->private;
	struct mount *r = list_entry(v, struct mount, mnt_list);
	struct vfsmount *mnt = &r->mnt;
	struct super_block *sb = mnt->mnt_sb;
	struct path mnt_path = { .dentry = mnt->mnt_root, .mnt = mnt };
	struct path root = p->root;
	int err = 0;

	seq_printf(m, "%i %i %u:%u ", r->mnt_id, r->mnt_parent->mnt_id,
		   MAJOR(sb->s_dev), MINOR(sb->s_dev));
	if (sb->s_op->show_path)
		err = sb->s_op->show_path(m, mnt);
	else
		seq_dentry(m, mnt->mnt_root, " \t\n\\");
	if (err)
		goto out;
	seq_putc(m, ' ');

	/* mountpoints outside of chroot jail will give SEQ_SKIP on this */
	err = seq_path_root(m, &mnt_path, &root, " \t\n\\");
	if (err)
		goto out;

	seq_puts(m, mnt->mnt_flags & MNT_READONLY ? " ro" : " rw");
	show_mnt_opts(m, mnt);

	/* Tagged fields ("foo:X" or "bar") */
	if (IS_MNT_SHARED(r))
		seq_printf(m, " shared:%i", r->mnt_group_id);
	if (IS_MNT_SLAVE(r)) {
		int master = r->mnt_master->mnt_group_id;
		int dom = get_dominating_id(r, &p->root);
		seq_printf(m, " master:%i", master);
		if (dom && dom != master)
			seq_printf(m, " propagate_from:%i", dom);
	}
	if (IS_MNT_UNBINDABLE(r))
		seq_puts(m, " unbindable");

	/* Filesystem specific data */
	seq_puts(m, " - ");
	show_type(m, sb);
	seq_putc(m, ' ');
	if (sb->s_op->show_devname)
		err = sb->s_op->show_devname(m, mnt);
	else
		mangle(m, r->mnt_devname ? r->mnt_devname : "none");
	if (err)
		goto out;
	seq_puts(m, sb->s_flags & MS_RDONLY ? " ro" : " rw");
	err = show_sb_opts(m, sb);
	if (err)
		goto out;
	if (sb->s_op->show_options)
		err = sb->s_op->show_options(m, mnt);
	seq_putc(m, '\n');
out:
	return err;
}

const struct seq_operations mountinfo_op = {
	.start	= m_start,
	.next	= m_next,
	.stop	= m_stop,
	.show	= show_mountinfo,
};

static int show_vfsstat(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
{
	struct mount *r = list_entry(v, struct mount, mnt_list);
	struct vfsmount *mnt = &r->mnt;
	struct path mnt_path = { .dentry = mnt->mnt_root, .mnt = mnt };
	int err = 0;

	/* device */
	if (mnt->mnt_sb->s_op->show_devname) {
		seq_puts(m, "device ");
		err = mnt->mnt_sb->s_op->show_devname(m, mnt);
	} else {
		if (r->mnt_devname) {
			seq_puts(m, "device ");
			mangle(m, r->mnt_devname);
		} else
			seq_puts(m, "no device");
	}

	/* mount point */
	seq_puts(m, " mounted on ");
	seq_path(m, &mnt_path, " \t\n\\");
	seq_putc(m, ' ');

	/* file system type */
	seq_puts(m, "with fstype ");
	show_type(m, mnt->mnt_sb);

	/* optional statistics */
	if (mnt->mnt_sb->s_op->show_stats) {
		seq_putc(m, ' ');
		if (!err)
			err = mnt->mnt_sb->s_op->show_stats(m, mnt);
	}

	seq_putc(m, '\n');
	return err;
}

const struct seq_operations mountstats_op = {
	.start	= m_start,
	.next	= m_next,
	.stop	= m_stop,
	.show	= show_vfsstat,
};
#endif  /* CONFIG_PROC_FS */

/**
 * may_umount_tree - check if a mount tree is busy
 * @mnt: root of mount tree
 *
 * This is called to check if a tree of mounts has any
 * open files, pwds, chroots or sub mounts that are
 * busy.
 */
int may_umount_tree(struct vfsmount *mnt)
{
	int actual_refs = 0;
	int minimum_refs = 0;
	struct mount *p;
	BUG_ON(!mnt);

	/* write lock needed for mnt_get_count */
	br_write_lock(vfsmount_lock);
	for (p = real_mount(mnt); p; p = next_mnt(p, mnt)) {
		actual_refs += mnt_get_count(p);
		minimum_refs += 2;
	}
	br_write_unlock(vfsmount_lock);

	if (actual_refs > minimum_refs)
		return 0;

	return 1;
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(may_umount_tree);

/**
 * may_umount - check if a mount point is busy
 * @mnt: root of mount
 *
 * This is called to check if a mount point has any
 * open files, pwds, chroots or sub mounts. If the
 * mount has sub mounts this will return busy
 * regardless of whether the sub mounts are busy.
 *
 * Doesn't take quota and stuff into account. IOW, in some cases it will
 * give false negatives. The main reason why it's here is that we need
 * a non-destructive way to look for easily umountable filesystems.
 */
int may_umount(struct vfsmount *mnt)
{
	int ret = 1;
	down_read(&namespace_sem);
	br_write_lock(vfsmount_lock);
	if (propagate_mount_busy(real_mount(mnt), 2))
		ret = 0;
	br_write_unlock(vfsmount_lock);
	up_read(&namespace_sem);
	return ret;
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(may_umount);

void release_mounts(struct list_head *head)
{
	struct mount *mnt;
	while (!list_empty(head)) {
		mnt = list_first_entry(head, struct mount, mnt_hash);
		list_del_init(&mnt->mnt_hash);
		if (mnt_has_parent(mnt)) {
			struct dentry *dentry;
			struct mount *m;

			br_write_lock(vfsmount_lock);
			dentry = mnt->mnt_mountpoint;
			m = mnt->mnt_parent;
			mnt->mnt_mountpoint = mnt->mnt.mnt_root;
			mnt->mnt_parent = mnt;
			m->mnt_ghosts--;
			br_write_unlock(vfsmount_lock);
			dput(dentry);
			mntput(&m->mnt);
		}
		mntput(&mnt->mnt);
	}
}

/*
 * vfsmount lock must be held for write
 * namespace_sem must be held for write
 */
void umount_tree(struct mount *mnt, int propagate, struct list_head *kill)
{
	LIST_HEAD(tmp_list);
	struct mount *p;

	for (p = mnt; p; p = next_mnt(p, &mnt->mnt))
		list_move(&p->mnt_hash, &tmp_list);

	if (propagate)
		propagate_umount(&tmp_list);

	list_for_each_entry(p, &tmp_list, mnt_hash) {
		list_del_init(&p->mnt_expire);
		list_del_init(&p->mnt_list);
		__touch_mnt_namespace(p->mnt_ns);
		p->mnt_ns = NULL;
		__mnt_make_shortterm(p);
		list_del_init(&p->mnt_child);
		if (mnt_has_parent(p)) {
			p->mnt_parent->mnt_ghosts++;
			dentry_reset_mounted(p->mnt_mountpoint);
		}
		change_mnt_propagation(p, MS_PRIVATE);
	}
	list_splice(&tmp_list, kill);
}

static void shrink_submounts(struct mount *mnt, struct list_head *umounts);

static int do_umount(struct mount *mnt, int flags)
{
	struct super_block *sb = mnt->mnt.mnt_sb;
	int retval;
	LIST_HEAD(umount_list);

	retval = security_sb_umount(&mnt->mnt, flags);
	if (retval)
		return retval;

	/*
	 * Allow userspace to request a mountpoint be expired rather than
	 * unmounting unconditionally. Unmount only happens if:
	 *  (1) the mark is already set (the mark is cleared by mntput())
	 *  (2) the usage count == 1 [parent vfsmount] + 1 [sys_umount]
	 */
	if (flags & MNT_EXPIRE) {
		if (&mnt->mnt == current->fs->root.mnt ||
		    flags & (MNT_FORCE | MNT_DETACH))
			return -EINVAL;

		/*
		 * probably don't strictly need the lock here if we examined
		 * all race cases, but it's a slowpath.
		 */
		br_write_lock(vfsmount_lock);
		if (mnt_get_count(mnt) != 2) {
			br_write_unlock(vfsmount_lock);
			return -EBUSY;
		}
		br_write_unlock(vfsmount_lock);

		if (!xchg(&mnt->mnt_expiry_mark, 1))
			return -EAGAIN;
	}

	/*
	 * If we may have to abort operations to get out of this
	 * mount, and they will themselves hold resources we must
	 * allow the fs to do things. In the Unix tradition of
	 * 'Gee thats tricky lets do it in userspace' the umount_begin
	 * might fail to complete on the first run through as other tasks
	 * must return, and the like. Thats for the mount program to worry
	 * about for the moment.
	 */

	if (flags & MNT_FORCE && sb->s_op->umount_begin) {
		sb->s_op->umount_begin(sb);
	}

	/*
	 * No sense to grab the lock for this test, but test itself looks
	 * somewhat bogus. Suggestions for better replacement?
	 * Ho-hum... In principle, we might treat that as umount + switch
	 * to rootfs. GC would eventually take care of the old vfsmount.
	 * Actually it makes sense, especially if rootfs would contain a
	 * /reboot - static binary that would close all descriptors and
	 * call reboot(9). Then init(8) could umount root and exec /reboot.
	 */
	if (&mnt->mnt == current->fs->root.mnt && !(flags & MNT_DETACH)) {
		/*
		 * Special case for "unmounting" root ...
		 * we just try to remount it readonly.
		 */
		down_write(&sb->s_umount);
		if (!(sb->s_flags & MS_RDONLY))
			retval = do_remount_sb(sb, MS_RDONLY, NULL, 0);
		up_write(&sb->s_umount);
		return retval;
	}

	down_write(&namespace_sem);
	br_write_lock(vfsmount_lock);
	event++;

	if (!(flags & MNT_DETACH))
		shrink_submounts(mnt, &umount_list);

	retval = -EBUSY;
	if (flags & MNT_DETACH || !propagate_mount_busy(mnt, 2)) {
		if (!list_empty(&mnt->mnt_list))
			umount_tree(mnt, 1, &umount_list);
		retval = 0;
	}
	br_write_unlock(vfsmount_lock);
	up_write(&namespace_sem);
	release_mounts(&umount_list);
	return retval;
}

/*
 * Now umount can handle mount points as well as block devices.
 * This is important for filesystems which use unnamed block devices.
 *
 * We now support a flag for forced unmount like the other 'big iron'
 * unixes. Our API is identical to OSF/1 to avoid making a mess of AMD
 */

SYSCALL_DEFINE2(umount, char __user *, name, int, flags)
{
	struct path path;
	struct mount *mnt;
	int retval;
	int lookup_flags = 0;

	if (flags & ~(MNT_FORCE | MNT_DETACH | MNT_EXPIRE | UMOUNT_NOFOLLOW))
		return -EINVAL;

	if (!(flags & UMOUNT_NOFOLLOW))
		lookup_flags |= LOOKUP_FOLLOW;

	retval = user_path_at(AT_FDCWD, name, lookup_flags, &path);
	if (retval)
		goto out;
	mnt = real_mount(path.mnt);
	retval = -EINVAL;
	if (path.dentry != path.mnt->mnt_root)
		goto dput_and_out;
	if (!check_mnt(mnt))
		goto dput_and_out;

	retval = -EPERM;
	if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
		goto dput_and_out;

	retval = do_umount(mnt, flags);
dput_and_out:
	/* we mustn't call path_put() as that would clear mnt_expiry_mark */
	dput(path.dentry);
	mntput_no_expire(mnt);
out:
	return retval;
}

#ifdef __ARCH_WANT_SYS_OLDUMOUNT

/*
 *	The 2.0 compatible umount. No flags.
 */
SYSCALL_DEFINE1(oldumount, char __user *, name)
{
	return sys_umount(name, 0);
}

#endif

static int mount_is_safe(struct path *path)
{
	if (capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
		return 0;
	return -EPERM;
#ifdef notyet
	if (S_ISLNK(path->dentry->d_inode->i_mode))
		return -EPERM;
	if (path->dentry->d_inode->i_mode & S_ISVTX) {
		if (current_uid() != path->dentry->d_inode->i_uid)
			return -EPERM;
	}
	if (inode_permission(path->dentry->d_inode, MAY_WRITE))
		return -EPERM;
	return 0;
#endif
}

struct mount *copy_tree(struct mount *mnt, struct dentry *dentry,
					int flag)
{
	struct mount *res, *p, *q, *r;
	struct path path;

	if (!(flag & CL_COPY_ALL) && IS_MNT_UNBINDABLE(mnt))
		return NULL;

	res = q = clone_mnt(mnt, dentry, flag);
	if (!q)
		goto Enomem;
	q->mnt_mountpoint = mnt->mnt_mountpoint;

	p = mnt;
	list_for_each_entry(r, &mnt->mnt_mounts, mnt_child) {
		struct mount *s;
		if (!is_subdir(r->mnt_mountpoint, dentry))
			continue;

		for (s = r; s; s = next_mnt(s, &r->mnt)) {
			if (!(flag & CL_COPY_ALL) && IS_MNT_UNBINDABLE(s)) {
				s = skip_mnt_tree(s);
				continue;
			}
			while (p != s->mnt_parent) {
				p = p->mnt_parent;
				q = q->mnt_parent;
			}
			p = s;
			path.mnt = &q->mnt;
			path.dentry = p->mnt_mountpoint;
			q = clone_mnt(p, p->mnt.mnt_root, flag);
			if (!q)
				goto Enomem;
			br_write_lock(vfsmount_lock);
			list_add_tail(&q->mnt_list, &res->mnt_list);
			attach_mnt(q, &path);
			br_write_unlock(vfsmount_lock);
		}
	}
	return res;
Enomem:
	if (res) {
		LIST_HEAD(umount_list);
		br_write_lock(vfsmount_lock);
		umount_tree(res, 0, &umount_list);
		br_write_unlock(vfsmount_lock);
		release_mounts(&umount_list);
	}
	return NULL;
}

struct vfsmount *collect_mounts(struct path *path)
{
	struct mount *tree;
	down_write(&namespace_sem);
	tree = copy_tree(real_mount(path->mnt), path->dentry,
			 CL_COPY_ALL | CL_PRIVATE);
	up_write(&namespace_sem);
	return tree ? &tree->mnt : NULL;
}

void drop_collected_mounts(struct vfsmount *mnt)
{
	LIST_HEAD(umount_list);
	down_write(&namespace_sem);
	br_write_lock(vfsmount_lock);
	umount_tree(real_mount(mnt), 0, &umount_list);
	br_write_unlock(vfsmount_lock);
	up_write(&namespace_sem);
	release_mounts(&umount_list);
}

int iterate_mounts(int (*f)(struct vfsmount *, void *), void *arg,
		   struct vfsmount *root)
{
	struct mount *mnt;
	int res = f(root, arg);
	if (res)
		return res;
	list_for_each_entry(mnt, &real_mount(root)->mnt_list, mnt_list) {
		res = f(&mnt->mnt, arg);
		if (res)
			return res;
	}
	return 0;
}

static void cleanup_group_ids(struct mount *mnt, struct mount *end)
{
	struct mount *p;

	for (p = mnt; p != end; p = next_mnt(p, &mnt->mnt)) {
		if (p->mnt_group_id && !IS_MNT_SHARED(p))
			mnt_release_group_id(p);
	}
}

static int invent_group_ids(struct mount *mnt, bool recurse)
{
	struct mount *p;

	for (p = mnt; p; p = recurse ? next_mnt(p, &mnt->mnt) : NULL) {
		if (!p->mnt_group_id && !IS_MNT_SHARED(p)) {
			int err = mnt_alloc_group_id(p);
			if (err) {
				cleanup_group_ids(mnt, p);
				return err;
			}
		}
	}

	return 0;
}

/*
 *  @source_mnt : mount tree to be attached
 *  @nd         : place the mount tree @source_mnt is attached
 *  @parent_nd  : if non-null, detach the source_mnt from its parent and
 *  		   store the parent mount and mountpoint dentry.
 *  		   (done when source_mnt is moved)
 *
 *  NOTE: in the table below explains the semantics when a source mount
 *  of a given type is attached to a destination mount of a given type.
 * ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * |         BIND MOUNT OPERATION                                            |
 * |**************************************************************************
 * | source-->| shared        |       private  |       slave    | unbindable |
 * | dest     |               |                |                |            |
 * |   |      |               |                |                |            |
 * |   v      |               |                |                |            |
 * |**************************************************************************
 * |  shared  | shared (++)   |     shared (+) |     shared(+++)|  invalid   |
 * |          |               |                |                |            |
 * |non-shared| shared (+)    |      private   |      slave (*) |  invalid   |
 * ***************************************************************************
 * A bind operation clones the source mount and mounts the clone on the
 * destination mount.
 *
 * (++)  the cloned mount is propagated to all the mounts in the propagation
 * 	 tree of the destination mount and the cloned mount is added to
 * 	 the peer group of the source mount.
 * (+)   the cloned mount is created under the destination mount and is marked
 *       as shared. The cloned mount is added to the peer group of the source
 *       mount.
 * (+++) the mount is propagated to all the mounts in the propagation tree
 *       of the destination mount and the cloned mount is made slave
 *       of the same master as that of the source mount. The cloned mount
 *       is marked as 'shared and slave'.
 * (*)   the cloned mount is made a slave of the same master as that of the
 * 	 source mount.
 *
 * ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * |         		MOVE MOUNT OPERATION                                 |
 * |**************************************************************************
 * | source-->| shared        |       private  |       slave    | unbindable |
 * | dest     |               |                |                |            |
 * |   |      |               |                |                |            |
 * |   v      |               |                |                |            |
 * |**************************************************************************
 * |  shared  | shared (+)    |     shared (+) |    shared(+++) |  invalid   |
 * |          |               |                |                |            |
 * |non-shared| shared (+*)   |      private   |    slave (*)   | unbindable |
 * ***************************************************************************
 *
 * (+)  the mount is moved to the destination. And is then propagated to
 * 	all the mounts in the propagation tree of the destination mount.
 * (+*)  the mount is moved to the destination.
 * (+++)  the mount is moved to the destination and is then propagated to
 * 	all the mounts belonging to the destination mount's propagation tree.
 * 	the mount is marked as 'shared and slave'.
 * (*)	the mount continues to be a slave at the new location.
 *
 * if the source mount is a tree, the operations explained above is
 * applied to each mount in the tree.
 * Must be called without spinlocks held, since this function can sleep
 * in allocations.
 */
static int attach_recursive_mnt(struct mount *source_mnt,
			struct path *path, struct path *parent_path)
{
	LIST_HEAD(tree_list);
	struct mount *dest_mnt = real_mount(path->mnt);
	struct dentry *dest_dentry = path->dentry;
	struct mount *child, *p;
	int err;

	if (IS_MNT_SHARED(dest_mnt)) {
		err = invent_group_ids(source_mnt, true);
		if (err)
			goto out;
	}
	err = propagate_mnt(dest_mnt, dest_dentry, source_mnt, &tree_list);
	if (err)
		goto out_cleanup_ids;

	br_write_lock(vfsmount_lock);

	if (IS_MNT_SHARED(dest_mnt)) {
		for (p = source_mnt; p; p = next_mnt(p, &source_mnt->mnt))
			set_mnt_shared(p);
	}
	if (parent_path) {
		detach_mnt(source_mnt, parent_path);
		attach_mnt(source_mnt, path);
		touch_mnt_namespace(source_mnt->mnt_ns);
	} else {
		mnt_set_mountpoint(dest_mnt, dest_dentry, source_mnt);
		commit_tree(source_mnt);
	}

	list_for_each_entry_safe(child, p, &tree_list, mnt_hash) {
		list_del_init(&child->mnt_hash);
		commit_tree(child);
	}
	br_write_unlock(vfsmount_lock);

	return 0;

 out_cleanup_ids:
	if (IS_MNT_SHARED(dest_mnt))
		cleanup_group_ids(source_mnt, NULL);
 out:
	return err;
}

static int lock_mount(struct path *path)
{
	struct vfsmount *mnt;
retry:
	mutex_lock(&path->dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
	if (unlikely(cant_mount(path->dentry))) {
		mutex_unlock(&path->dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
		return -ENOENT;
	}
	down_write(&namespace_sem);
	mnt = lookup_mnt(path);
	if (likely(!mnt))
		return 0;
	up_write(&namespace_sem);
	mutex_unlock(&path->dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
	path_put(path);
	path->mnt = mnt;
	path->dentry = dget(mnt->mnt_root);
	goto retry;
}

static void unlock_mount(struct path *path)
{
	up_write(&namespace_sem);
	mutex_unlock(&path->dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
}

static int graft_tree(struct mount *mnt, struct path *path)
{
	if (mnt->mnt.mnt_sb->s_flags & MS_NOUSER)
		return -EINVAL;

	if (S_ISDIR(path->dentry->d_inode->i_mode) !=
	      S_ISDIR(mnt->mnt.mnt_root->d_inode->i_mode))
		return -ENOTDIR;

	if (d_unlinked(path->dentry))
		return -ENOENT;

	return attach_recursive_mnt(mnt, path, NULL);
}

/*
 * Sanity check the flags to change_mnt_propagation.
 */

static int flags_to_propagation_type(int flags)
{
	int type = flags & ~(MS_REC | MS_SILENT);

	/* Fail if any non-propagation flags are set */
	if (type & ~(MS_SHARED | MS_PRIVATE | MS_SLAVE | MS_UNBINDABLE))
		return 0;
	/* Only one propagation flag should be set */
	if (!is_power_of_2(type))
		return 0;
	return type;
}

/*
 * recursively change the type of the mountpoint.
 */
static int do_change_type(struct path *path, int flag)
{
	struct mount *m;
	struct mount *mnt = real_mount(path->mnt);
	int recurse = flag & MS_REC;
	int type;
	int err = 0;

	if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
		return -EPERM;

	if (path->dentry != path->mnt->mnt_root)
		return -EINVAL;

	type = flags_to_propagation_type(flag);
	if (!type)
		return -EINVAL;

	down_write(&namespace_sem);
	if (type == MS_SHARED) {
		err = invent_group_ids(mnt, recurse);
		if (err)
			goto out_unlock;
	}

	br_write_lock(vfsmount_lock);
	for (m = mnt; m; m = (recurse ? next_mnt(m, &mnt->mnt) : NULL))
		change_mnt_propagation(m, type);
	br_write_unlock(vfsmount_lock);

 out_unlock:
	up_write(&namespace_sem);
	return err;
}

/*
 * do loopback mount.
 */
static int do_loopback(struct path *path, char *old_name,
				int recurse)
{
	LIST_HEAD(umount_list);
	struct path old_path;
	struct mount *mnt = NULL, *old;
	int err = mount_is_safe(path);
	if (err)
		return err;
	if (!old_name || !*old_name)
		return -EINVAL;
	err = kern_path(old_name, LOOKUP_FOLLOW|LOOKUP_AUTOMOUNT, &old_path);
	if (err)
		return err;

	err = lock_mount(path);
	if (err)
		goto out;

	old = real_mount(old_path.mnt);

	err = -EINVAL;
	if (IS_MNT_UNBINDABLE(old))
		goto out2;

	if (!check_mnt(real_mount(path->mnt)) || !check_mnt(old))
		goto out2;

	err = -ENOMEM;
	if (recurse)
		mnt = copy_tree(old, old_path.dentry, 0);
	else
		mnt = clone_mnt(old, old_path.dentry, 0);

	if (!mnt)
		goto out2;

	err = graft_tree(mnt, path);
	if (err) {
		br_write_lock(vfsmount_lock);
		umount_tree(mnt, 0, &umount_list);
		br_write_unlock(vfsmount_lock);
	}
out2:
	unlock_mount(path);
	release_mounts(&umount_list);
out:
	path_put(&old_path);
	return err;
}

static int change_mount_flags(struct vfsmount *mnt, int ms_flags)
{
	int error = 0;
	int readonly_request = 0;

	if (ms_flags & MS_RDONLY)
		readonly_request = 1;
	if (readonly_request == __mnt_is_readonly(mnt))
		return 0;

	if (readonly_request)
		error = mnt_make_readonly(real_mount(mnt));
	else
		__mnt_unmake_readonly(real_mount(mnt));
	return error;
}

/*
 * change filesystem flags. dir should be a physical root of filesystem.
 * If you've mounted a non-root directory somewhere and want to do remount
 * on it - tough luck.
 */
static int do_remount(struct path *path, int flags, int mnt_flags,
		      void *data)
{
	int err;
	struct super_block *sb = path->mnt->mnt_sb;
	struct mount *mnt = real_mount(path->mnt);

	if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
		return -EPERM;

	if (!check_mnt(mnt))
		return -EINVAL;

	if (path->dentry != path->mnt->mnt_root)
		return -EINVAL;

	err = security_sb_remount(sb, data);
	if (err)
		return err;

	down_write(&sb->s_umount);
	if (flags & MS_BIND)
		err = change_mount_flags(path->mnt, flags);
	else
		err = do_remount_sb(sb, flags, data, 0);
	if (!err) {
		br_write_lock(vfsmount_lock);
		mnt_flags |= mnt->mnt.mnt_flags & MNT_PROPAGATION_MASK;
		mnt->mnt.mnt_flags = mnt_flags;
		br_write_unlock(vfsmount_lock);
	}
	up_write(&sb->s_umount);
	if (!err) {
		br_write_lock(vfsmount_lock);
		touch_mnt_namespace(mnt->mnt_ns);
		br_write_unlock(vfsmount_lock);
	}
	return err;
}

static inline int tree_contains_unbindable(struct mount *mnt)
{
	struct mount *p;
	for (p = mnt; p; p = next_mnt(p, &mnt->mnt)) {
		if (IS_MNT_UNBINDABLE(p))
			return 1;
	}
	return 0;
}

static int do_move_mount(struct path *path, char *old_name)
{
	struct path old_path, parent_path;
	struct mount *p;
	struct mount *old;
	int err = 0;
	if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
		return -EPERM;
	if (!old_name || !*old_name)
		return -EINVAL;
	err = kern_path(old_name, LOOKUP_FOLLOW, &old_path);
	if (err)
		return err;

	err = lock_mount(path);
	if (err < 0)
		goto out;

	old = real_mount(old_path.mnt);
	p = real_mount(path->mnt);

	err = -EINVAL;
	if (!check_mnt(p) || !check_mnt(old))
		goto out1;

	if (d_unlinked(path->dentry))
		goto out1;

	err = -EINVAL;
	if (old_path.dentry != old_path.mnt->mnt_root)
		goto out1;

	if (!mnt_has_parent(old))
		goto out1;

	if (S_ISDIR(path->dentry->d_inode->i_mode) !=
	      S_ISDIR(old_path.dentry->d_inode->i_mode))
		goto out1;
	/*
	 * Don't move a mount residing in a shared parent.
	 */
	if (IS_MNT_SHARED(old->mnt_parent))
		goto out1;
	/*
	 * Don't move a mount tree containing unbindable mounts to a destination
	 * mount which is shared.
	 */
	if (IS_MNT_SHARED(p) && tree_contains_unbindable(old))
		goto out1;
	err = -ELOOP;
	for (; mnt_has_parent(p); p = p->mnt_parent)
		if (p == old)
			goto out1;

	err = attach_recursive_mnt(old, path, &parent_path);
	if (err)
		goto out1;

	/* if the mount is moved, it should no longer be expire
	 * automatically */
	list_del_init(&old->mnt_expire);
out1:
	unlock_mount(path);
out:
	if (!err)
		path_put(&parent_path);
	path_put(&old_path);
	return err;
}

static struct vfsmount *fs_set_subtype(struct vfsmount *mnt, const char *fstype)
{
	int err;
	const char *subtype = strchr(fstype, '.');
	if (subtype) {
		subtype++;
		err = -EINVAL;
		if (!subtype[0])
			goto err;
	} else
		subtype = "";

	mnt->mnt_sb->s_subtype = kstrdup(subtype, GFP_KERNEL);
	err = -ENOMEM;
	if (!mnt->mnt_sb->s_subtype)
		goto err;
	return mnt;

 err:
	mntput(mnt);
	return ERR_PTR(err);
}

static struct vfsmount *
do_kern_mount(const char *fstype, int flags, const char *name, void *data)
{
	struct file_system_type *type = get_fs_type(fstype);
	struct vfsmount *mnt;
	if (!type)
		return ERR_PTR(-ENODEV);
	mnt = vfs_kern_mount(type, flags, name, data);
	if (!IS_ERR(mnt) && (type->fs_flags & FS_HAS_SUBTYPE) &&
	    !mnt->mnt_sb->s_subtype)
		mnt = fs_set_subtype(mnt, fstype);
	put_filesystem(type);
	return mnt;
}

/*
 * add a mount into a namespace's mount tree
 */
static int do_add_mount(struct mount *newmnt, struct path *path, int mnt_flags)
{
	int err;

	mnt_flags &= ~(MNT_SHARED | MNT_WRITE_HOLD | MNT_INTERNAL);

	err = lock_mount(path);
	if (err)
		return err;

	err = -EINVAL;
	if (!(mnt_flags & MNT_SHRINKABLE) && !check_mnt(real_mount(path->mnt)))
		goto unlock;

	/* Refuse the same filesystem on the same mount point */
	err = -EBUSY;
	if (path->mnt->mnt_sb == newmnt->mnt.mnt_sb &&
	    path->mnt->mnt_root == path->dentry)
		goto unlock;

	err = -EINVAL;
	if (S_ISLNK(newmnt->mnt.mnt_root->d_inode->i_mode))
		goto unlock;

	newmnt->mnt.mnt_flags = mnt_flags;
	err = graft_tree(newmnt, path);

unlock:
	unlock_mount(path);
	return err;
}

/*
 * create a new mount for userspace and request it to be added into the
 * namespace's tree
 */
static int do_new_mount(struct path *path, char *type, int flags,
			int mnt_flags, char *name, void *data)
{
	struct vfsmount *mnt;
	int err;

	if (!type)
		return -EINVAL;

	/* we need capabilities... */
	if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
		return -EPERM;

	mnt = do_kern_mount(type, flags, name, data);
	if (IS_ERR(mnt))
		return PTR_ERR(mnt);

	err = do_add_mount(real_mount(mnt), path, mnt_flags);
	if (err)
		mntput(mnt);
	return err;
}

int finish_automount(struct vfsmount *m, struct path *path)
{
	struct mount *mnt = real_mount(m);
	int err;
	/* The new mount record should have at least 2 refs to prevent it being
	 * expired before we get a chance to add it
	 */
	BUG_ON(mnt_get_count(mnt) < 2);

	if (m->mnt_sb == path->mnt->mnt_sb &&
	    m->mnt_root == path->dentry) {
		err = -ELOOP;
		goto fail;
	}

	err = do_add_mount(mnt, path, path->mnt->mnt_flags | MNT_SHRINKABLE);
	if (!err)
		return 0;
fail:
	/* remove m from any expiration list it may be on */
	if (!list_empty(&mnt->mnt_expire)) {
		down_write(&namespace_sem);
		br_write_lock(vfsmount_lock);
		list_del_init(&mnt->mnt_expire);
		br_write_unlock(vfsmount_lock);
		up_write(&namespace_sem);
	}
	mntput(m);
	mntput(m);
	return err;
}

/**
 * mnt_set_expiry - Put a mount on an expiration list
 * @mnt: The mount to list.
 * @expiry_list: The list to add the mount to.
 */
void mnt_set_expiry(struct vfsmount *mnt, struct list_head *expiry_list)
{
	down_write(&namespace_sem);
	br_write_lock(vfsmount_lock);

	list_add_tail(&real_mount(mnt)->mnt_expire, expiry_list);

	br_write_unlock(vfsmount_lock);
	up_write(&namespace_sem);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(mnt_set_expiry);

/*
 * process a list of expirable mountpoints with the intent of discarding any
 * mountpoints that aren't in use and haven't been touched since last we came
 * here
 */
void mark_mounts_for_expiry(struct list_head *mounts)
{
	struct mount *mnt, *next;
	LIST_HEAD(graveyard);
	LIST_HEAD(umounts);

	if (list_empty(mounts))
		return;

	down_write(&namespace_sem);
	br_write_lock(vfsmount_lock);

	/* extract from the expiration list every vfsmount that matches the
	 * following criteria:
	 * - only referenced by its parent vfsmount
	 * - still marked for expiry (marked on the last call here; marks are
	 *   cleared by mntput())
	 */
	list_for_each_entry_safe(mnt, next, mounts, mnt_expire) {
		if (!xchg(&mnt->mnt_expiry_mark, 1) ||
			propagate_mount_busy(mnt, 1))
			continue;
		list_move(&mnt->mnt_expire, &graveyard);
	}
	while (!list_empty(&graveyard)) {
		mnt = list_first_entry(&graveyard, struct mount, mnt_expire);
		touch_mnt_namespace(mnt->mnt_ns);
		umount_tree(mnt, 1, &umounts);
	}
	br_write_unlock(vfsmount_lock);
	up_write(&namespace_sem);

	release_mounts(&umounts);
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(mark_mounts_for_expiry);

/*
 * Ripoff of 'select_parent()'
 *
 * search the list of submounts for a given mountpoint, and move any
 * shrinkable submounts to the 'graveyard' list.
 */
static int select_submounts(struct mount *parent, struct list_head *graveyard)
{
	struct mount *this_parent = parent;
	struct list_head *next;
	int found = 0;

repeat:
	next = this_parent->mnt_mounts.next;
resume:
	while (next != &this_parent->mnt_mounts) {
		struct list_head *tmp = next;
		struct mount *mnt = list_entry(tmp, struct mount, mnt_child);

		next = tmp->next;
		if (!(mnt->mnt.mnt_flags & MNT_SHRINKABLE))
			continue;
		/*
		 * Descend a level if the d_mounts list is non-empty.
		 */
		if (!list_empty(&mnt->mnt_mounts)) {
			this_parent = mnt;
			goto repeat;
		}

		if (!propagate_mount_busy(mnt, 1)) {
			list_move_tail(&mnt->mnt_expire, graveyard);
			found++;
		}
	}
	/*
	 * All done at this level ... ascend and resume the search
	 */
	if (this_parent != parent) {
		next = this_parent->mnt_child.next;
		this_parent = this_parent->mnt_parent;
		goto resume;
	}
	return found;
}

/*
 * process a list of expirable mountpoints with the intent of discarding any
 * submounts of a specific parent mountpoint
 *
 * vfsmount_lock must be held for write
 */
static void shrink_submounts(struct mount *mnt, struct list_head *umounts)
{
	LIST_HEAD(graveyard);
	struct mount *m;

	/* extract submounts of 'mountpoint' from the expiration list */
	while (select_submounts(mnt, &graveyard)) {
		while (!list_empty(&graveyard)) {
			m = list_first_entry(&graveyard, struct mount,
						mnt_expire);
			touch_mnt_namespace(m->mnt_ns);
			umount_tree(m, 1, umounts);
		}
	}
}

/*
 * Some copy_from_user() implementations do not return the exact number of
 * bytes remaining to copy on a fault.  But copy_mount_options() requires that.
 * Note that this function differs from copy_from_user() in that it will oops
 * on bad values of `to', rather than returning a short copy.
 */
static long exact_copy_from_user(void *to, const void __user * from,
				 unsigned long n)
{
	char *t = to;
	const char __user *f = from;
	char c;

	if (!access_ok(VERIFY_READ, from, n))
		return n;

	while (n) {
		if (__get_user(c, f)) {
			memset(t, 0, n);
			break;
		}
		*t++ = c;
		f++;
		n--;
	}
	return n;
}

int copy_mount_options(const void __user * data, unsigned long *where)
{
	int i;
	unsigned long page;
	unsigned long size;

	*where = 0;
	if (!data)
		return 0;

	if (!(page = __get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL)))
		return -ENOMEM;

	/* We only care that *some* data at the address the user
	 * gave us is valid.  Just in case, we'll zero
	 * the remainder of the page.
	 */
	/* copy_from_user cannot cross TASK_SIZE ! */
	size = TASK_SIZE - (unsigned long)data;
	if (size > PAGE_SIZE)
		size = PAGE_SIZE;

	i = size - exact_copy_from_user((void *)page, data, size);
	if (!i) {
		free_page(page);
		return -EFAULT;
	}
	if (i != PAGE_SIZE)
		memset((char *)page + i, 0, PAGE_SIZE - i);
	*where = page;
	return 0;
}

int copy_mount_string(const void __user *data, char **where)
{
	char *tmp;

	if (!data) {
		*where = NULL;
		return 0;
	}

	tmp = strndup_user(data, PAGE_SIZE);
	if (IS_ERR(tmp))
		return PTR_ERR(tmp);

	*where = tmp;
	return 0;
}

/*
 * Flags is a 32-bit value that allows up to 31 non-fs dependent flags to
 * be given to the mount() call (ie: read-only, no-dev, no-suid etc).
 *
 * data is a (void *) that can point to any structure up to
 * PAGE_SIZE-1 bytes, which can contain arbitrary fs-dependent
 * information (or be NULL).
 *
 * Pre-0.97 versions of mount() didn't have a flags word.
 * When the flags word was introduced its top half was required
 * to have the magic value 0xC0ED, and this remained so until 2.4.0-test9.
 * Therefore, if this magic number is present, it carries no information
 * and must be discarded.
 */
long do_mount(char *dev_name, char *dir_name, char *type_page,
		  unsigned long flags, void *data_page)
{
	struct path path;
	int retval = 0;
	int mnt_flags = 0;

	/* Discard magic */
	if ((flags & MS_MGC_MSK) == MS_MGC_VAL)
		flags &= ~MS_MGC_MSK;

	/* Basic sanity checks */

	if (!dir_name || !*dir_name || !memchr(dir_name, 0, PAGE_SIZE))
		return -EINVAL;

	if (data_page)
		((char *)data_page)[PAGE_SIZE - 1] = 0;

	/* ... and get the mountpoint */
	retval = kern_path(dir_name, LOOKUP_FOLLOW, &path);
	if (retval)
		return retval;

	retval = security_sb_mount(dev_name, &path,
				   type_page, flags, data_page);
	if (retval)
		goto dput_out;

	/* Default to relatime unless overriden */
	if (!(flags & MS_NOATIME))
		mnt_flags |= MNT_RELATIME;

	/* Separate the per-mountpoint flags */
	if (flags & MS_NOSUID)
		mnt_flags |= MNT_NOSUID;
	if (flags & MS_NODEV)
		mnt_flags |= MNT_NODEV;
	if (flags & MS_NOEXEC)
		mnt_flags |= MNT_NOEXEC;
	if (flags & MS_NOATIME)
		mnt_flags |= MNT_NOATIME;
	if (flags & MS_NODIRATIME)
		mnt_flags |= MNT_NODIRATIME;
	if (flags & MS_STRICTATIME)
		mnt_flags &= ~(MNT_RELATIME | MNT_NOATIME);
	if (flags & MS_RDONLY)
		mnt_flags |= MNT_READONLY;

	flags &= ~(MS_NOSUID | MS_NOEXEC | MS_NODEV | MS_ACTIVE | MS_BORN |
		   MS_NOATIME | MS_NODIRATIME | MS_RELATIME| MS_KERNMOUNT |
		   MS_STRICTATIME);

	if (flags & MS_REMOUNT)
		retval = do_remount(&path, flags & ~MS_REMOUNT, mnt_flags,
				    data_page);
	else if (flags & MS_BIND)
		retval = do_loopback(&path, dev_name, flags & MS_REC);
	else if (flags & (MS_SHARED | MS_PRIVATE | MS_SLAVE | MS_UNBINDABLE))
		retval = do_change_type(&path, flags);
	else if (flags & MS_MOVE)
		retval = do_move_mount(&path, dev_name);
	else
		retval = do_new_mount(&path, type_page, flags, mnt_flags,
				      dev_name, data_page);
dput_out:
	path_put(&path);
	return retval;
}

static struct mnt_namespace *alloc_mnt_ns(void)
{
	struct mnt_namespace *new_ns;

	new_ns = kmalloc(sizeof(struct mnt_namespace), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!new_ns)
		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
	atomic_set(&new_ns->count, 1);
	new_ns->root = NULL;
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&new_ns->list);
	init_waitqueue_head(&new_ns->poll);
	new_ns->event = 0;
	return new_ns;
}

void mnt_make_longterm(struct vfsmount *mnt)
{
	__mnt_make_longterm(real_mount(mnt));
}

void mnt_make_shortterm(struct vfsmount *m)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
	struct mount *mnt = real_mount(m);
	if (atomic_add_unless(&mnt->mnt_longterm, -1, 1))
		return;
	br_write_lock(vfsmount_lock);
	atomic_dec(&mnt->mnt_longterm);
	br_write_unlock(vfsmount_lock);
#endif
}

/*
 * Allocate a new namespace structure and populate it with contents
 * copied from the namespace of the passed in task structure.
 */
static struct mnt_namespace *dup_mnt_ns(struct mnt_namespace *mnt_ns,
		struct fs_struct *fs)
{
	struct mnt_namespace *new_ns;
	struct vfsmount *rootmnt = NULL, *pwdmnt = NULL;
	struct mount *p, *q;
	struct mount *new;

	new_ns = alloc_mnt_ns();
	if (IS_ERR(new_ns))
		return new_ns;

	down_write(&namespace_sem);
	/* First pass: copy the tree topology */
	new = copy_tree(real_mount(mnt_ns->root), mnt_ns->root->mnt_root,
					CL_COPY_ALL | CL_EXPIRE);
	if (!new) {
		up_write(&namespace_sem);
		kfree(new_ns);
		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
	}
	new_ns->root = &new->mnt;
	br_write_lock(vfsmount_lock);
	list_add_tail(&new_ns->list, &new->mnt_list);
	br_write_unlock(vfsmount_lock);

	/*
	 * Second pass: switch the tsk->fs->* elements and mark new vfsmounts
	 * as belonging to new namespace.  We have already acquired a private
	 * fs_struct, so tsk->fs->lock is not needed.
	 */
	p = real_mount(mnt_ns->root);
	q = new;
	while (p) {
		q->mnt_ns = new_ns;
		__mnt_make_longterm(q);
		if (fs) {
			if (&p->mnt == fs->root.mnt) {
				fs->root.mnt = mntget(&q->mnt);
				__mnt_make_longterm(q);
				mnt_make_shortterm(&p->mnt);
				rootmnt = &p->mnt;
			}
			if (&p->mnt == fs->pwd.mnt) {
				fs->pwd.mnt = mntget(&q->mnt);
				__mnt_make_longterm(q);
				mnt_make_shortterm(&p->mnt);
				pwdmnt = &p->mnt;
			}
		}
		p = next_mnt(p, mnt_ns->root);
		q = next_mnt(q, new_ns->root);
	}
	up_write(&namespace_sem);

	if (rootmnt)
		mntput(rootmnt);
	if (pwdmnt)
		mntput(pwdmnt);

	return new_ns;
}

struct mnt_namespace *copy_mnt_ns(unsigned long flags, struct mnt_namespace *ns,
		struct fs_struct *new_fs)
{
	struct mnt_namespace *new_ns;

	BUG_ON(!ns);
	get_mnt_ns(ns);

	if (!(flags & CLONE_NEWNS))
		return ns;

	new_ns = dup_mnt_ns(ns, new_fs);

	put_mnt_ns(ns);
	return new_ns;
}

/**
 * create_mnt_ns - creates a private namespace and adds a root filesystem
 * @mnt: pointer to the new root filesystem mountpoint
 */
static struct mnt_namespace *create_mnt_ns(struct vfsmount *m)
{
	struct mnt_namespace *new_ns = alloc_mnt_ns();
	if (!IS_ERR(new_ns)) {
		struct mount *mnt = real_mount(m);
		mnt->mnt_ns = new_ns;
		__mnt_make_longterm(mnt);
		new_ns->root = m;
		list_add(&new_ns->list, &mnt->mnt_list);
	} else {
		mntput(m);
	}
	return new_ns;
}

struct dentry *mount_subtree(struct vfsmount *mnt, const char *name)
{
	struct mnt_namespace *ns;
	struct super_block *s;
	struct path path;
	int err;

	ns = create_mnt_ns(mnt);
	if (IS_ERR(ns))
		return ERR_CAST(ns);

	err = vfs_path_lookup(mnt->mnt_root, mnt,
			name, LOOKUP_FOLLOW|LOOKUP_AUTOMOUNT, &path);

	put_mnt_ns(ns);

	if (err)
		return ERR_PTR(err);

	/* trade a vfsmount reference for active sb one */
	s = path.mnt->mnt_sb;
	atomic_inc(&s->s_active);
	mntput(path.mnt);
	/* lock the sucker */
	down_write(&s->s_umount);
	/* ... and return the root of (sub)tree on it */
	return path.dentry;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(mount_subtree);

SYSCALL_DEFINE5(mount, char __user *, dev_name, char __user *, dir_name,
		char __user *, type, unsigned long, flags, void __user *, data)
{
	int ret;
	char *kernel_type;
	char *kernel_dir;
	char *kernel_dev;
	unsigned long data_page;

	ret = copy_mount_string(type, &kernel_type);
	if (ret < 0)
		goto out_type;

	kernel_dir = getname(dir_name);
	if (IS_ERR(kernel_dir)) {
		ret = PTR_ERR(kernel_dir);
		goto out_dir;
	}

	ret = copy_mount_string(dev_name, &kernel_dev);
	if (ret < 0)
		goto out_dev;

	ret = copy_mount_options(data, &data_page);
	if (ret < 0)
		goto out_data;

	ret = do_mount(kernel_dev, kernel_dir, kernel_type, flags,
		(void *) data_page);

	free_page(data_page);
out_data:
	kfree(kernel_dev);
out_dev:
	putname(kernel_dir);
out_dir:
	kfree(kernel_type);
out_type:
	return ret;
}

/*
 * Return true if path is reachable from root
 *
 * namespace_sem or vfsmount_lock is held
 */
bool is_path_reachable(struct mount *mnt, struct dentry *dentry,
			 const struct path *root)
{
	while (&mnt->mnt != root->mnt && mnt_has_parent(mnt)) {
		dentry = mnt->mnt_mountpoint;
		mnt = mnt->mnt_parent;
	}
	return &mnt->mnt == root->mnt && is_subdir(dentry, root->dentry);
}

int path_is_under(struct path *path1, struct path *path2)
{
	int res;
	br_read_lock(vfsmount_lock);
	res = is_path_reachable(real_mount(path1->mnt), path1->dentry, path2);
	br_read_unlock(vfsmount_lock);
	return res;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(path_is_under);

/*
 * pivot_root Semantics:
 * Moves the root file system of the current process to the directory put_old,
 * makes new_root as the new root file system of the current process, and sets
 * root/cwd of all processes which had them on the current root to new_root.
 *
 * Restrictions:
 * The new_root and put_old must be directories, and  must not be on the
 * same file  system as the current process root. The put_old  must  be
 * underneath new_root,  i.e. adding a non-zero number of /.. to the string
 * pointed to by put_old must yield the same directory as new_root. No other
 * file system may be mounted on put_old. After all, new_root is a mountpoint.
 *
 * Also, the current root cannot be on the 'rootfs' (initial ramfs) filesystem.
 * See Documentation/filesystems/ramfs-rootfs-initramfs.txt for alternatives
 * in this situation.
 *
 * Notes:
 *  - we don't move root/cwd if they are not at the root (reason: if something
 *    cared enough to change them, it's probably wrong to force them elsewhere)
 *  - it's okay to pick a root that isn't the root of a file system, e.g.
 *    /nfs/my_root where /nfs is the mount point. It must be a mountpoint,
 *    though, so you may need to say mount --bind /nfs/my_root /nfs/my_root
 *    first.
 */
SYSCALL_DEFINE2(pivot_root, const char __user *, new_root,
		const char __user *, put_old)
{
	struct path new, old, parent_path, root_parent, root;
	struct mount *new_mnt, *root_mnt;
	int error;

	if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
		return -EPERM;

	error = user_path_dir(new_root, &new);
	if (error)
		goto out0;

	error = user_path_dir(put_old, &old);
	if (error)
		goto out1;

	error = security_sb_pivotroot(&old, &new);
	if (error)
		goto out2;

	get_fs_root(current->fs, &root);
	error = lock_mount(&old);
	if (error)
		goto out3;

	error = -EINVAL;
	new_mnt = real_mount(new.mnt);
	root_mnt = real_mount(root.mnt);
	if (IS_MNT_SHARED(real_mount(old.mnt)) ||
		IS_MNT_SHARED(new_mnt->mnt_parent) ||
		IS_MNT_SHARED(root_mnt->mnt_parent))
		goto out4;
	if (!check_mnt(root_mnt) || !check_mnt(new_mnt))
		goto out4;
	error = -ENOENT;
	if (d_unlinked(new.dentry))
		goto out4;
	if (d_unlinked(old.dentry))
		goto out4;
	error = -EBUSY;
	if (new.mnt == root.mnt ||
	    old.mnt == root.mnt)
		goto out4; /* loop, on the same file system  */
	error = -EINVAL;
	if (root.mnt->mnt_root != root.dentry)
		goto out4; /* not a mountpoint */
	if (!mnt_has_parent(root_mnt))
		goto out4; /* not attached */
	if (new.mnt->mnt_root != new.dentry)
		goto out4; /* not a mountpoint */
	if (!mnt_has_parent(new_mnt))
		goto out4; /* not attached */
	/* make sure we can reach put_old from new_root */
	if (!is_path_reachable(real_mount(old.mnt), old.dentry, &new))
		goto out4;
	br_write_lock(vfsmount_lock);
	detach_mnt(new_mnt, &parent_path);
	detach_mnt(root_mnt, &root_parent);
	/* mount old root on put_old */
	attach_mnt(root_mnt, &old);
	/* mount new_root on / */
	attach_mnt(new_mnt, &root_parent);
	touch_mnt_namespace(current->nsproxy->mnt_ns);
	br_write_unlock(vfsmount_lock);
	chroot_fs_refs(&root, &new);
	error = 0;
out4:
	unlock_mount(&old);
	if (!error) {
		path_put(&root_parent);
		path_put(&parent_path);
	}
out3:
	path_put(&root);
out2:
	path_put(&old);
out1:
	path_put(&new);
out0:
	return error;
}

static void __init init_mount_tree(void)
{
	struct vfsmount *mnt;
	struct mnt_namespace *ns;
	struct path root;

	mnt = do_kern_mount("rootfs", 0, "rootfs", NULL);
	if (IS_ERR(mnt))
		panic("Can't create rootfs");

	ns = create_mnt_ns(mnt);
	if (IS_ERR(ns))
		panic("Can't allocate initial namespace");

	init_task.nsproxy->mnt_ns = ns;
	get_mnt_ns(ns);

	root.mnt = ns->root;
	root.dentry = ns->root->mnt_root;

	set_fs_pwd(current->fs, &root);
	set_fs_root(current->fs, &root);
}

void __init mnt_init(void)
{
	unsigned u;
	int err;

	init_rwsem(&namespace_sem);

	mnt_cache = kmem_cache_create("mnt_cache", sizeof(struct mount),
			0, SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN | SLAB_PANIC, NULL);

	mount_hashtable = (struct list_head *)__get_free_page(GFP_ATOMIC);

	if (!mount_hashtable)
		panic("Failed to allocate mount hash table\n");

	printk(KERN_INFO "Mount-cache hash table entries: %lu\n", HASH_SIZE);

	for (u = 0; u < HASH_SIZE; u++)
		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&mount_hashtable[u]);

	br_lock_init(vfsmount_lock);

	err = sysfs_init();
	if (err)
		printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: sysfs_init error: %d\n",
			__func__, err);
	fs_kobj = kobject_create_and_add("fs", NULL);
	if (!fs_kobj)
		printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: kobj create error\n", __func__);
	init_rootfs();
	init_mount_tree();
}

void put_mnt_ns(struct mnt_namespace *ns)
{
	LIST_HEAD(umount_list);

	if (!atomic_dec_and_test(&ns->count))
		return;
	down_write(&namespace_sem);
	br_write_lock(vfsmount_lock);
	umount_tree(real_mount(ns->root), 0, &umount_list);
	br_write_unlock(vfsmount_lock);
	up_write(&namespace_sem);
	release_mounts(&umount_list);
	kfree(ns);
}

struct vfsmount *kern_mount_data(struct file_system_type *type, void *data)
{
	struct vfsmount *mnt;
	mnt = vfs_kern_mount(type, MS_KERNMOUNT, type->name, data);
	if (!IS_ERR(mnt)) {
		/*
		 * it is a longterm mount, don't release mnt until
		 * we unmount before file sys is unregistered
		*/
		mnt_make_longterm(mnt);
	}
	return mnt;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kern_mount_data);

void kern_unmount(struct vfsmount *mnt)
{
	/* release long term mount so mount point can be released */
	if (!IS_ERR_OR_NULL(mnt)) {
		mnt_make_shortterm(mnt);
		mntput(mnt);
	}
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(kern_unmount);

bool our_mnt(struct vfsmount *mnt)
{
	return check_mnt(real_mount(mnt));
}