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|
/* EDF-WM: based on PSN-EDF.
*/
#include <linux/percpu.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/list.h>
#include <linux/spinlock.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <litmus/litmus.h>
#include <litmus/jobs.h>
#include <litmus/sched_plugin.h>
#include <litmus/edf_common.h>
typedef struct {
rt_domain_t domain;
int cpu;
struct task_struct* scheduled; /* only RT tasks */
/* The enforcement timer is used to accurately police
* slice budgets. */
struct hrtimer enforcement_timer;
int timer_armed;
/*
* scheduling lock slock
* protects the domain and serializes scheduling decisions
*/
#define slock domain.ready_lock
} wm_domain_t;
DEFINE_PER_CPU(wm_domain_t, wm_domains);
#define TRACE_DOM(dom, fmt, args...) \
TRACE("(wm_domains[%d]) " fmt, (dom)->cpu, ##args)
#define local_domain (&__get_cpu_var(wm_domains))
#define remote_domain(cpu) (&per_cpu(wm_domains, cpu))
#define domain_of_task(task) (remote_domain(get_partition(task)))
#define domain_from_timer(t) (container_of((t), wm_domain_t, enforcement_timer))
static int is_sliced_task(struct task_struct* t)
{
return tsk_rt(t)->task_params.semi_part.wm.count;
}
static struct edf_wm_slice* get_last_slice(struct task_struct* t)
{
int idx = tsk_rt(t)->task_params.semi_part.wm.count - 1;
return tsk_rt(t)->task_params.semi_part.wm.slices + idx;
}
static void compute_slice_params(struct task_struct* t)
{
struct rt_param* p = tsk_rt(t);
/* Here we do a little trick to make the generic EDF code
* play well with job slices. We overwrite the job-level
* release and deadline fields with the slice-specific values
* so that we can enqueue this task in an EDF rt_domain_t
* without issue. The actual values are cached in the semi_part.wm
* structure. */
p->job_params.deadline = p->semi_part.wm.job_release +
p->semi_part.wm.slice->deadline;
p->job_params.release = p->semi_part.wm.job_release +
p->semi_part.wm.slice->offset;
/* Similarly, we play a trick on the cpu field. */
p->task_params.cpu = p->semi_part.wm.slice->cpu;
/* update the per-slice budget reference */
p->semi_part.wm.exec_time = p->job_params.exec_time;
}
static void complete_sliced_job(struct task_struct* t)
{
struct rt_param* p = tsk_rt(t);
/* We need to undo our trickery to the
* job parameters (see above). */
p->job_params.release = p->semi_part.wm.job_release;
p->job_params.deadline = p->semi_part.wm.job_deadline;
/* Ok, now let generic code do the actual work. */
prepare_for_next_period(t);
/* And finally cache the updated parameters. */
p->semi_part.wm.job_release = p->job_params.release;
p->semi_part.wm.job_deadline = p->job_params.deadline;
}
static lt_t slice_exec_time(struct task_struct* t)
{
struct rt_param* p = tsk_rt(t);
/* Compute how much execution time has been consumed
* since last slice advancement. */
return p->job_params.exec_time - p->semi_part.wm.exec_time;
}
static lt_t slice_budget(struct task_struct* t)
{
return tsk_rt(t)->semi_part.wm.slice->budget;
}
static int slice_budget_exhausted(struct task_struct* t)
{
return slice_exec_time(t) >= slice_budget(t);
}
/* assumes positive remainder; overflows otherwise */
static lt_t slice_budget_remaining(struct task_struct* t)
{
return slice_budget(t) - slice_exec_time(t);
}
static lt_t wm_budget_remaining(struct task_struct* t)
{
if (is_sliced_task(t))
return slice_budget_remaining(t);
else
return budget_remaining(t);
}
static int wm_budget_exhausted(struct task_struct* t)
{
if (is_sliced_task(t))
return slice_budget_exhausted(t);
else
return budget_exhausted(t);
}
static void advance_next_slice(struct task_struct* t, int completion_signaled)
{
int idx;
struct rt_param* p = tsk_rt(t);
/* make sure this is actually a sliced job */
BUG_ON(!is_sliced_task(t));
BUG_ON(is_queued(t));
/* determine index of current slice */
idx = p->semi_part.wm.slice -
p->task_params.semi_part.wm.slices;
TRACE_TASK(t, "advancing slice %d; excess=%lluns; "
"completion_signaled=%d.\n",
idx, slice_exec_time(t) - slice_budget(t),
completion_signaled);
if (completion_signaled)
idx = 0;
else
/* increment and wrap around, if necessary */
idx = (idx + 1) % p->task_params.semi_part.wm.count;
/* point to next slice */
p->semi_part.wm.slice =
p->task_params.semi_part.wm.slices + idx;
/* Check if we need to update essential job parameters. */
if (!idx) {
/* job completion */
sched_trace_task_completion(t, !completion_signaled);
TRACE_TASK(t, "completed sliced job"
"(signaled:%d)\n", completion_signaled);
complete_sliced_job(t);
}
/* Update job parameters for new slice. */
compute_slice_params(t);
}
/* assumes time_passed does not advance past the last slice */
static void fast_forward_slices(struct task_struct* t, lt_t time_passed)
{
TRACE_TASK(t, "fast forwarding %lluns\n", time_passed);
/* this is NOT the slice version */
BUG_ON(budget_remaining(t) <= time_passed);
if (wm_budget_exhausted(t)) {
/* This can happen if a suspension raced
* with a normal slice advancement. wm_schedule()
* does not process out_of_time when a task blocks. */
TRACE_TASK(t, "block raced with out_of_time?\n");
advance_next_slice(t, 0);
}
while (time_passed &&
time_passed >= slice_budget_remaining(t)) {
/* slice completely exhausted */
time_passed -= slice_budget_remaining(t);
tsk_rt(t)->job_params.exec_time +=
slice_budget_remaining(t);
BUG_ON(!slice_budget_exhausted(t));
BUG_ON(slice_budget_remaining(t) != 0);
BUG_ON(tsk_rt(t)->semi_part.wm.slice == get_last_slice(t));
advance_next_slice(t, 0);
}
/* add remainder to exec cost */
tsk_rt(t)->job_params.exec_time += time_passed;
}
/* we assume the lock is being held */
static void preempt(wm_domain_t *dom)
{
TRACE_DOM(dom, "will be preempted.\n");
/* We pass NULL as the task since non-preemptive sections are not
* supported in this plugin, so per-task checks are not needed. */
preempt_if_preemptable(NULL, dom->cpu);
}
static enum hrtimer_restart on_enforcement_timeout(struct hrtimer *timer)
{
wm_domain_t *dom = domain_from_timer(timer);
unsigned long flags;
raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&dom->slock, flags);
if (likely(dom->timer_armed)) {
TRACE_DOM(dom, "enforcement timer fired.\n");
dom->timer_armed = 0;
preempt(dom);
} else
TRACE_DOM(dom, "timer fired but not armed???\n");
raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dom->slock, flags);
return HRTIMER_NORESTART;
}
/* assumes called with IRQs off */
static void cancel_enforcement_timer(wm_domain_t* dom)
{
int ret;
TRACE_DOM(dom, "cancelling enforcement timer.\n");
/* Arming the timer makes only sense locally. */
BUG_ON(dom->cpu != raw_smp_processor_id());
/* Since interrupts are disabled and and dom->timer_armed is only
* modified locally, we do not need to lock this domain.
*/
if (dom->timer_armed) {
ret = hrtimer_try_to_cancel(&dom->enforcement_timer);
/* Should never be inactive. */
BUG_ON(ret == 0);
/* Should never be running concurrently. */
BUG_ON(ret == -1);
dom->timer_armed = 0;
}
}
/* assumes called with IRQs off */
static void arm_enforcement_timer(wm_domain_t* dom, struct task_struct* t)
{
lt_t when_to_fire;
TRACE_DOM(dom, "arming enforcement timer.\n");
/* The task has to belong to this domain. */
BUG_ON(domain_of_task(t) != dom);
/* Arming the timer makes only sense locally. */
BUG_ON(dom->cpu != raw_smp_processor_id());
/* Calling this when there is no budget left for the task
* makes no sense. */
BUG_ON(wm_budget_exhausted(t));
/* __hrtimer_start_range_ns() cancels the timer
* anyway, so we don't have to check whether it is still armed
*/
when_to_fire = litmus_clock() + wm_budget_remaining(t);
__hrtimer_start_range_ns(&dom->enforcement_timer,
ns_to_ktime(when_to_fire),
0 /* delta */,
HRTIMER_MODE_ABS_PINNED,
0 /* no wakeup */);
dom->timer_armed = 1;
}
static void wm_domain_init(wm_domain_t* dom,
check_resched_needed_t check,
release_jobs_t release,
int cpu)
{
edf_domain_init(&dom->domain, check, release);
dom->cpu = cpu;
dom->scheduled = NULL;
dom->timer_armed = 0;
hrtimer_init(&dom->enforcement_timer, CLOCK_MONOTONIC, HRTIMER_MODE_ABS);
dom->enforcement_timer.function = on_enforcement_timeout;
}
static void wm_requeue_remote(struct task_struct *t)
{
wm_domain_t *dom = domain_of_task(t);
set_rt_flags(t, RT_F_RUNNING);
if (is_released(t, litmus_clock()))
/* acquires necessary lock */
add_ready(&dom->domain, t);
else
/* force timer on remote CPU */
add_release_on(&dom->domain, t, get_partition(t));
}
static void wm_requeue_local(struct task_struct* t, rt_domain_t *edf)
{
if (t->state != TASK_RUNNING)
TRACE_TASK(t, "requeue: !TASK_RUNNING\n");
set_rt_flags(t, RT_F_RUNNING);
if (is_released(t, litmus_clock()))
__add_ready(edf, t);
else
add_release(edf, t); /* it has got to wait */
}
static int wm_check_resched(rt_domain_t *edf)
{
wm_domain_t *dom = container_of(edf, wm_domain_t, domain);
/* because this is a callback from rt_domain_t we already hold
* the necessary lock for the ready queue
*/
if (edf_preemption_needed(edf, dom->scheduled)) {
preempt(dom);
return 1;
} else
return 0;
}
static void regular_job_completion(struct task_struct* t, int forced)
{
sched_trace_task_completion(t, forced);
TRACE_TASK(t, "job_completion().\n");
set_rt_flags(t, RT_F_SLEEP);
prepare_for_next_period(t);
}
static void wm_job_or_slice_completion(struct task_struct* t,
int completion_signaled)
{
if (is_sliced_task(t))
advance_next_slice(t, completion_signaled);
else
regular_job_completion(t, !completion_signaled);
}
static void wm_tick(struct task_struct *t)
{
wm_domain_t *dom = local_domain;
/* Check for inconsistency. We don't need the lock for this since
* ->scheduled is only changed in schedule, which obviously is not
* executing in parallel on this CPU
*/
BUG_ON(is_realtime(t) && t != dom->scheduled);
if (is_realtime(t) && budget_enforced(t) && wm_budget_exhausted(t)) {
set_tsk_need_resched(t);
TRACE_DOM(dom, "budget of %d exhausted in tick\n",
t->pid);
}
}
static struct task_struct* wm_schedule(struct task_struct * prev)
{
wm_domain_t *dom = local_domain;
rt_domain_t *edf = &dom->domain;
struct task_struct *next, *migrate = NULL;
int out_of_time, sleep, preempt, wrong_cpu, exists, blocks, resched;
raw_spin_lock(&dom->slock);
/* Sanity checking:
* When a task exits (dead) dom->schedule may be null
* and prev _is_ realtime. */
BUG_ON(dom->scheduled && dom->scheduled != prev);
BUG_ON(dom->scheduled && !is_realtime(prev));
/* (0) Determine state */
exists = dom->scheduled != NULL;
wrong_cpu = exists && get_partition(dom->scheduled) != dom->cpu;
blocks = exists && !is_running(dom->scheduled);
out_of_time = exists
&& budget_enforced(dom->scheduled)
&& wm_budget_exhausted(dom->scheduled);
sleep = exists && get_rt_flags(dom->scheduled) == RT_F_SLEEP;
preempt = edf_preemption_needed(edf, prev);
/* If we need to preempt do so.
* The following checks set resched to 1 in case of special
* circumstances.
*/
resched = preempt;
if (exists)
TRACE_TASK(prev,
"blocks:%d out_of_time:%d sleep:%d preempt:%d "
"wrong_cpu:%d state:%d sig:%d\n",
blocks, out_of_time, sleep, preempt, wrong_cpu,
prev->state, signal_pending(prev));
/* If a task blocks we have no choice but to reschedule.
*/
if (blocks)
resched = 1;
/* This can happen if sliced task was moved to the next slice
* by the wake_up() code path while still being scheduled.
*/
if (wrong_cpu)
resched = 1;
/* Any task that is preemptable and either exhausts its execution
* budget or wants to sleep completes. We may have to reschedule after
* this.
*/
if ((out_of_time || sleep) && !blocks) {
wm_job_or_slice_completion(dom->scheduled, sleep);
resched = 1;
}
/* The final scheduling decision. Do we need to switch for some reason?
* Switch if we are in RT mode and have no task or if we need to
* resched.
*/
next = NULL;
if (resched || !exists) {
if (dom->scheduled && !blocks) {
if (get_partition(dom->scheduled) == dom->cpu)
/* local task */
wm_requeue_local(dom->scheduled, edf);
else
/* not local anymore; wait until we drop the
* ready queue lock */
migrate = dom->scheduled;
}
next = __take_ready(edf);
} else
/* Only override Linux scheduler if we have a real-time task
* scheduled that needs to continue. */
if (exists)
next = prev;
if (next) {
TRACE_TASK(next, "scheduled at %llu (state:%d/%d)\n", litmus_clock(),
next->state, is_running(next));
set_rt_flags(next, RT_F_RUNNING);
} else if (exists) {
TRACE("becoming idle at %llu\n", litmus_clock());
}
dom->scheduled = next;
raw_spin_unlock(&dom->slock);
/* check if we need to push the previous task onto another queue */
if (migrate) {
TRACE_TASK(migrate, "schedule-initiated migration to %d\n",
get_partition(migrate));
wm_requeue_remote(migrate);
}
if (next && budget_precisely_enforced(next)) {
/* Make sure we call into the scheduler when this budget
* expires. */
arm_enforcement_timer(dom, next);
} else if (dom->timer_armed) {
/* Make sure we don't cause unnecessary interrupts. */
cancel_enforcement_timer(dom);
}
return next;
}
/* Prepare a task for running in RT mode
*/
static void wm_task_new(struct task_struct * t, int on_rq, int running)
{
wm_domain_t* dom = domain_of_task(t);
rt_domain_t* edf = &dom->domain;
unsigned long flags;
TRACE_TASK(t, "edf-wm: task new, cpu = %d\n",
t->rt_param.task_params.cpu);
/* setup job parameters */
release_at(t, litmus_clock());
/* The task should be running in the queue, otherwise signal
* code will try to wake it up with fatal consequences.
*/
raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&dom->slock, flags);
if (is_sliced_task(t)) {
/* make sure parameters are initialized consistently */
tsk_rt(t)->semi_part.wm.exec_time = 0;
tsk_rt(t)->semi_part.wm.job_release = get_release(t);
tsk_rt(t)->semi_part.wm.job_deadline = get_deadline(t);
tsk_rt(t)->semi_part.wm.slice = tsk_rt(t)->task_params.semi_part.wm.slices;
tsk_rt(t)->job_params.exec_time = 0;
}
if (running) {
/* there shouldn't be anything else running at the time */
BUG_ON(dom->scheduled);
dom->scheduled = t;
} else {
wm_requeue_local(t, edf);
/* maybe we have to reschedule */
preempt(dom);
}
raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dom->slock, flags);
}
static void wm_release_at(struct task_struct *t, lt_t start)
{
struct rt_param* p = tsk_rt(t);
if (is_sliced_task(t)) {
/* simulate wrapping to the first slice */
p->semi_part.wm.job_deadline = start;
p->semi_part.wm.slice = get_last_slice(t);
/* FIXME: creates bogus completion event... */
advance_next_slice(t, 0);
set_rt_flags(t, RT_F_RUNNING);
} else
/* generic code handles it */
release_at(t, start);
}
static lt_t wm_earliest_release(struct task_struct *t, lt_t now)
{
lt_t deadline;
if (is_sliced_task(t))
deadline = tsk_rt(t)->semi_part.wm.job_deadline;
else
deadline = get_deadline(t);
if (lt_before(deadline, now))
return now;
else
return deadline;
}
static void wm_task_wake_up(struct task_struct *t)
{
unsigned long flags;
wm_domain_t* dom = domain_of_task(t);
rt_domain_t* edf = &dom->domain;
struct rt_param* p = tsk_rt(t);
lt_t now, sleep_time;
int migrate = 0;
raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&dom->slock, flags);
BUG_ON(is_queued(t));
now = litmus_clock();
sleep_time = now - p->semi_part.wm.suspend_time;
TRACE_TASK(t, "wake_up at %llu after %llu, still-scheduled:%d\n",
now, sleep_time, dom->scheduled == t);
/* account sleep time as execution time */
if (get_exec_time(t) + sleep_time >= get_exec_cost(t)) {
/* new sporadic release */
TRACE_TASK(t, "new sporadic release\n");
wm_release_at(t, wm_earliest_release(t, now));
sched_trace_task_release(t);
} else if (is_sliced_task(t)) {
/* figure out which slice we should be executing on */
fast_forward_slices(t, sleep_time);
/* can't be exhausted now */
BUG_ON(wm_budget_exhausted(t));
} else {
/* simply add to the execution time */
tsk_rt(t)->job_params.exec_time += sleep_time;
}
/* Only add to ready queue if it is not the currently-scheduled
* task. This could be the case if a task was woken up concurrently
* on a remote CPU before the executing CPU got around to actually
* de-scheduling the task, i.e., wake_up() raced with schedule()
* and won.
*/
if (dom->scheduled != t) {
if (get_partition(t) == dom->cpu)
wm_requeue_local(t, edf);
else
/* post-pone migration until after unlocking */
migrate = 1;
}
raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dom->slock, flags);
if (migrate) {
TRACE_TASK(t, "wake_up-initiated migration to %d\n",
get_partition(t));
wm_requeue_remote(t);
}
TRACE_TASK(t, "wake up done\n");
}
static void wm_task_block(struct task_struct *t)
{
wm_domain_t* dom = domain_of_task(t);
unsigned long flags;
lt_t now = litmus_clock();
TRACE_TASK(t, "block at %llu, state=%d\n", now, t->state);
tsk_rt(t)->semi_part.wm.suspend_time = now;
raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&dom->slock, flags);
if (is_queued(t)) {
TRACE_TASK(t, "still queued; migration invariant failed?\n");
remove(&dom->domain, t);
}
raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dom->slock, flags);
BUG_ON(!is_realtime(t));
}
static void wm_task_exit(struct task_struct * t)
{
unsigned long flags;
wm_domain_t* dom = domain_of_task(t);
rt_domain_t* edf = &dom->domain;
raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&dom->slock, flags);
if (is_queued(t)) {
/* dequeue */
remove(edf, t);
}
if (dom->scheduled == t)
dom->scheduled = NULL;
TRACE_TASK(t, "RIP, now reschedule\n");
preempt(dom);
raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dom->slock, flags);
}
static long wm_check_params(struct task_struct *t)
{
struct rt_param* p = tsk_rt(t);
struct edf_wm_params* wm = &p->task_params.semi_part.wm;
int i;
lt_t tmp;
if (!is_sliced_task(t)) {
/* regular task; nothing to check */
TRACE_TASK(t, "accepted regular (non-sliced) task with "
"%d slices\n",
wm->count);
return 0;
}
/* (1) Either not sliced, or more than 1 slice. */
if (wm->count == 1 || wm->count > MAX_EDF_WM_SLICES) {
TRACE_TASK(t, "bad number of slices (%u) \n",
wm->count);
return -EINVAL;
}
/* (2) The partition has to agree with the first slice. */
if (get_partition(t) != wm->slices[0].cpu) {
TRACE_TASK(t, "partition and first slice CPU differ "
"(%d != %d)\n", get_partition(t), wm->slices[0].cpu);
return -EINVAL;
}
/* (3) The total budget must agree. */
for (i = 0, tmp = 0; i < wm->count; i++)
tmp += wm->slices[i].budget;
if (get_exec_cost(t) != tmp) {
TRACE_TASK(t, "total budget and sum of slice budgets differ\n");
return -EINVAL;
}
/* (4) The release of each slice must not precede the previous
* deadline. */
for (i = 0; i < wm->count - 1; i++)
if (wm->slices[i].deadline > wm->slices[i + 1].offset) {
TRACE_TASK(t, "slice %d overlaps with slice %d\n",
i, i + 1);
return -EINVAL;
}
/* (5) The budget of each slice must fit within [offset, deadline] */
for (i = 0; i < wm->count; i++)
if (lt_before(wm->slices[i].deadline, wm->slices[i].offset) ||
wm->slices[i].deadline - wm->slices[i].offset <
wm->slices[i].budget) {
TRACE_TASK(t, "slice %d is overloaded\n", i);
return -EINVAL;
}
/* (6) The budget of each slice must exceed the minimum budget size. */
for (i = 0; i < wm->count; i++)
if (wm->slices[i].budget < MIN_EDF_WM_SLICE_SIZE) {
TRACE_TASK(t, "slice %d is too short\n", i);
return -EINVAL;
}
/* (7) The CPU of each slice must be different from the previous CPU. */
for (i = 0; i < wm->count - 1; i++)
if (wm->slices[i].cpu == wm->slices[i + 1].cpu) {
TRACE_TASK(t, "slice %d does not migrate\n", i);
return -EINVAL;
}
/* (8) The CPU of each slice must be online. */
for (i = 0; i < wm->count; i++)
if (!cpu_online(wm->slices[i].cpu)) {
TRACE_TASK(t, "slice %d is allocated on offline CPU\n",
i);
return -EINVAL;
}
/* (9) A sliced task's budget must be precisely enforced. */
if (!budget_precisely_enforced(t)) {
TRACE_TASK(t, "budget is not precisely enforced "
"(policy: %d).\n",
tsk_rt(t)->task_params.budget_policy);
return -EINVAL;
}
TRACE_TASK(t, "accepted sliced task with %d slices\n",
wm->count);
return 0;
}
static long wm_admit_task(struct task_struct* t)
{
return task_cpu(t) == get_partition(t) ? wm_check_params(t) : -EINVAL;
}
/* Plugin object */
static struct sched_plugin edf_wm_plugin __cacheline_aligned_in_smp = {
.plugin_name = "EDF-WM",
.tick = wm_tick,
.task_new = wm_task_new,
.complete_job = complete_job,
.task_exit = wm_task_exit,
.schedule = wm_schedule,
.release_at = wm_release_at,
.task_wake_up = wm_task_wake_up,
.task_block = wm_task_block,
.admit_task = wm_admit_task
};
static int __init init_edf_wm(void)
{
int i;
/* FIXME: breaks with CPU hotplug
*/
for (i = 0; i < num_online_cpus(); i++) {
wm_domain_init(remote_domain(i),
wm_check_resched,
NULL, i);
}
return register_sched_plugin(&edf_wm_plugin);
}
module_init(init_edf_wm);
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