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-rw-r--r--scripts/checkpatch.pl595
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1#!/usr/bin/perl -w
2# (c) 2001, Dave Jones. <davej@codemonkey.org.uk> (the file handling bit)
3# (c) 2005, Joel Scohpp <jschopp@austin.ibm.com> (the ugly bit)
4# (c) 2007, Andy Whitcroft <apw@uk.ibm.com> (new conditions, test suite, etc)
5# Licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL License version 2
6
7use strict;
8
9my $P = $0;
10
11my $V = '0.01';
12
13use Getopt::Long qw(:config no_auto_abbrev);
14
15my $quiet = 0;
16my $tree = 1;
17my $chk_signoff = 1;
18my $chk_patch = 1;
19GetOptions(
20 'q|quiet' => \$quiet,
21 'tree!' => \$tree,
22 'signoff!' => \$chk_signoff,
23 'patch!' => \$chk_patch,
24) or exit;
25
26my $exit = 0;
27
28if ($#ARGV < 0) {
29 print "usage: patchstylecheckemail.pl [options] patchfile\n";
30 print "version: $V\n";
31 print "options: -q => quiet\n";
32 print " --no-tree => run without a kernel tree\n";
33 exit(1);
34}
35
36if ($tree && !top_of_kernel_tree()) {
37 print "Must be run from the top-level dir. of a kernel tree\n";
38 exit(2);
39}
40
41my @deprecated = ();
42my $removal = 'Documentation/feature-removal-schedule.txt';
43if ($tree && -f $removal) {
44 open(REMOVE, "<$removal") || die "$P: $removal: open failed - $!\n";
45 while (<REMOVE>) {
46 if (/^Files:\s+(.*\S)/) {
47 for my $file (split(/[, ]+/, $1)) {
48 if ($file =~ m@include/(.*)@) {
49 push(@deprecated, $1);
50 }
51 }
52 }
53 }
54}
55
56my @lines = ();
57while (<>) {
58 chomp;
59 push(@lines, $_);
60 if (eof(ARGV)) {
61 if (!process($ARGV, @lines)) {
62 $exit = 1;
63 }
64 @lines = ();
65 }
66}
67
68exit($exit);
69
70sub top_of_kernel_tree {
71 if ((-f "COPYING") && (-f "CREDITS") && (-f "Kbuild") &&
72 (-f "MAINTAINERS") && (-f "Makefile") && (-f "README") &&
73 (-d "Documentation") && (-d "arch") && (-d "include") &&
74 (-d "drivers") && (-d "fs") && (-d "init") && (-d "ipc") &&
75 (-d "kernel") && (-d "lib") && (-d "scripts")) {
76 return 1;
77 }
78 return 0;
79}
80
81sub expand_tabs {
82 my ($str) = @_;
83
84 my $res = '';
85 my $n = 0;
86 for my $c (split(//, $str)) {
87 if ($c eq "\t") {
88 $res .= ' ';
89 $n++;
90 for (; ($n % 8) != 0; $n++) {
91 $res .= ' ';
92 }
93 next;
94 }
95 $res .= $c;
96 $n++;
97 }
98
99 return $res;
100}
101
102sub cat_vet {
103 my ($vet) = @_;
104
105 $vet =~ s/\t/^I/;
106 $vet =~ s/$/\$/;
107
108 return $vet;
109}
110
111sub process {
112 my $filename = shift;
113 my @lines = @_;
114
115 my $linenr=0;
116 my $prevline="";
117 my $stashline="";
118
119 my $lineforcounting='';
120 my $indent;
121 my $previndent=0;
122 my $stashindent=0;
123
124 my $clean = 1;
125 my $signoff = 0;
126 my $is_patch = 0;
127
128 # Trace the real file/line as we go.
129 my $realfile = '';
130 my $realline = 0;
131 my $realcnt = 0;
132 my $here = '';
133 my $in_comment = 0;
134 my $first_line = 0;
135
136 foreach my $line (@lines) {
137 $linenr++;
138
139#extract the filename as it passes
140 if ($line=~/^\+\+\+\s+(\S+)/) {
141 $realfile=$1;
142 $in_comment = 0;
143 next;
144 }
145#extract the line range in the file after the patch is applied
146 if ($line=~/^\@\@ -\d+,\d+ \+(\d+)(,(\d+))? \@\@/) {
147 $is_patch = 1;
148 $first_line = 1;
149 $in_comment = 0;
150 $realline=$1-1;
151 if (defined $2) {
152 $realcnt=$3+1;
153 } else {
154 $realcnt=1+1;
155 }
156 next;
157 }
158
159#track the line number as we move through the hunk
160 if ($line=~/^[ \+]/) {
161 $realline++;
162 $realcnt-- if ($realcnt != 0);
163
164 # track any sort of multi-line comment. Obviously if
165 # the added text or context do not include the whole
166 # comment we will not see it. Such is life.
167 #
168 # Guestimate if this is a continuing comment. If this
169 # is the start of a diff block and this line starts
170 # ' *' then it is very likely a comment.
171 if ($first_line and $line =~ m@^.\s*\*@) {
172 $in_comment = 1;
173 }
174 if ($line =~ m@/\*@) {
175 $in_comment = 1;
176 }
177 if ($line =~ m@\*/@) {
178 $in_comment = 0;
179 }
180
181 $lineforcounting = $line;
182 $lineforcounting =~ s/^\+//;
183 $lineforcounting = expand_tabs($lineforcounting);
184
185 my ($white) = ($lineforcounting =~ /^(\s*)/);
186 $indent = length($white);
187
188 # Track the previous line.
189 ($prevline, $stashline) = ($stashline, $line);
190 ($previndent, $stashindent) = ($stashindent, $indent);
191 $first_line = 0;
192 }
193
194#make up the handle for any error we report on this line
195 $here = "PATCH: $ARGV:$linenr:";
196 $here .= "\nFILE: $realfile:$realline:" if ($realcnt != 0);
197
198 my $herecurr = "$here\n$line\n\n";
199 my $hereprev = "$here\n$prevline\n$line\n\n";
200
201#check the patch for a signoff:
202 if ($line =~ /^\s*Signed-off-by:\s/) {
203 $signoff++;
204
205 } elsif ($line =~ /^\s*signed-off-by:/i) {
206 if (!($line =~ /^\s*Signed-off-by:/)) {
207 print "use Signed-off-by:\n";
208 print "$herecurr";
209 $clean = 0;
210 }
211 if ($line =~ /^\s*signed-off-by:\S/i) {
212 print "need space after Signed-off-by:\n";
213 print "$herecurr";
214 $clean = 0;
215 }
216 }
217
218#ignore lines not being added
219 if ($line=~/^[^\+]/) {next;}
220
221# check we are in a valid source file *.[hcsS] if not then ignore this hunk
222 next if ($realfile !~ /\.[hcsS]$/);
223
224#trailing whitespace
225 if ($line=~/\S\s+$/) {
226 my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($line) . "\n\n";
227 print "trailing whitespace\n";
228 print "$herevet";
229 $clean = 0;
230 }
231#80 column limit
232 if (!($prevline=~/\/\*\*/) && length($lineforcounting) > 80) {
233 print "line over 80 characters\n";
234 print "$herecurr";
235 $clean = 0;
236 }
237
238# check we are in a valid source file *.[hc] if not then ignore this hunk
239 next if ($realfile !~ /\.[hc]$/);
240
241# at the beginning of a line any tabs must come first and anything
242# more than 8 must use tabs.
243 if ($line=~/^\+\s* \t\s*\S/ or $line=~/^\+\s* \s*/) {
244 my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($line) . "\n\n";
245 print "use tabs not spaces\n";
246 print "$herevet";
247 $clean = 0;
248 }
249
250 #
251 # The rest of our checks refer specifically to C style
252 # only apply those _outside_ comments.
253 #
254 next if ($in_comment);
255
256# no C99 // comments
257 if ($line =~ m@//@ and !($line =~ m@\".*//.*\"@)) {
258 print "do not use C99 // comments\n";
259 print "$herecurr";
260 $clean = 0;
261 }
262
263 # Remove comments from the line before processing.
264 $line =~ s@/\*.*\*/@@g;
265 $line =~ s@/\*.*@@;
266 $line =~ s@.*\*/@@;
267 $line =~ s@//.*@@;
268
269#EXPORT_SYMBOL should immediately follow its function closing }.
270 if (($line =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\(.*\)/) ||
271 ($line =~ /EXPORT_UNUSED_SYMBOL.*\(.*\)/)) {
272 if (($prevline !~ /^}/) &&
273 ($prevline !~ /^\+}/) &&
274 ($prevline !~ /^ }/)) {
275 print "EXPORT_SYMBOL(func); should immediately follow its function\n";
276 print "$herecurr";
277 $clean = 0;
278 }
279 }
280
281 # check for static initialisers.
282 if ($line=~/\s*static\s.*=\s+(0|NULL);/) {
283 print "do not initialise statics to 0 or NULL\n";
284 print "$herecurr";
285 $clean = 0;
286 }
287
288 # check for new typedefs.
289 if ($line=~/\s*typedef\s/) {
290 print "do not add new typedefs\n";
291 print "$herecurr";
292 $clean = 0;
293 }
294
295# * goes on variable not on type
296 if ($line=~/[A-Za-z\d_]+\* [A-Za-z\d_]+/) {
297 print "\"foo* bar\" should be \"foo *bar\"\n";
298 print "$herecurr";
299 $clean = 0;
300 }
301
302# # no BUG() or BUG_ON()
303# if ($line =~ /\b(BUG|BUG_ON)\b/) {
304# print "Try to use WARN_ON & Recovery code rather than BUG() or BUG_ON()\n";
305# print "$herecurr";
306# $clean = 0;
307# }
308
309# printk should use KERN_* levels
310 if ($line =~ /\bprintk\((?!KERN_)/) {
311 print "printk() should include KERN_ facility level\n";
312 print "$herecurr";
313 $clean = 0;
314 }
315
316#function brace can't be on same line, except for #defines of do while, or if closed on same line
317 if (($line=~/[A-Za-z\d_]+\**\s+\**[A-Za-z\d_]+\(.*\).* {/) and
318 !($line=~/\#define.*do\s{/) and !($line=~/}/)) {
319 print "braces following function declarations go on the next line\n";
320 print "$herecurr";
321 $clean = 0;
322 }
323 my $opline = $line;
324 $opline =~ s/^.//;
325 if (!($line=~/\#\s*include/)) {
326 # Check operator spacing.
327 my @elements = split(/(<<=|>>=|<=|>=|==|!=|\+=|-=|\*=|\/=|%=|\^=|\|=|&=|->|<<|>>|<|>|=|!|~|&&|\|\||,|\^|\+\+|--|;|&|\||\+|-|\*|\/\/|\/)/, $opline);
328 for (my $n = 0; $n < $#elements; $n += 2) {
329 # $wN says we have white-space before or after
330 # $sN says we have a separator before or after
331 # $oN says we have another operator before or after
332 my $w1 = $elements[$n] =~ /\s$/;
333 my $s1 = $elements[$n] =~ /(\[|\(|\s)$/;
334 my $o1 = $elements[$n] eq '';
335 my $op = $elements[$n + 1];
336 my $w2 = 1;
337 my $s2 = 1;
338 my $o2 = 0;
339 # If we have something after the operator handle it.
340 if (defined $elements[$n + 2]) {
341 $w2 = $elements[$n + 2] =~ /^\s/;
342 $s2 = $elements[$n + 2] =~ /^(\s|\)|\]|;)/;
343 $o2 = $elements[$n + 2] eq '';
344 }
345
346 # Generate the context.
347 my $at = "here: ";
348 for (my $m = $n; $m >= 0; $m--) {
349 if ($elements[$m] ne '') {
350 $at .= $elements[$m];
351 last;
352 }
353 }
354 $at .= $op;
355 for (my $m = $n + 2; defined $elements[$m]; $m++) {
356 if ($elements[$m] ne '') {
357 $at .= $elements[$m];
358 last;
359 }
360 }
361
362 ##print "<$s1:$op:$s2> <$elements[$n]:$elements[$n + 1]:$elements[$n + 2]>\n";
363 # Skip things apparently in quotes.
364 next if ($line=~/\".*\Q$op\E.*\"/ or $line=~/\'\Q$op\E\'/);
365
366 # We need ; as an operator. // is a comment.
367 if ($op eq ';' or $op eq '//') {
368
369 # -> should have no spaces
370 } elsif ($op eq '->') {
371 if ($s1 or $s2) {
372 print "no spaces around that '$op' $at\n";
373 print "$herecurr";
374 $clean = 0;
375 }
376
377 # , must have a space on the right.
378 } elsif ($op eq ',') {
379 if (!$s2) {
380 print "need space after that '$op' $at\n";
381 print "$herecurr";
382 $clean = 0;
383 }
384
385 # unary ! and unary ~ are allowed no space on the right
386 } elsif ($op eq '!' or $op eq '~') {
387 if (!$s1 && !$o1) {
388 print "need space before that '$op' $at\n";
389 print "$herecurr";
390 $clean = 0;
391 }
392 if ($s2) {
393 print "no space after that '$op' $at\n";
394 print "$herecurr";
395 $clean = 0;
396 }
397
398 # unary ++ and unary -- are allowed no space on one side.
399 } elsif ($op eq '++' or $op eq '--') {
400 if (($s1 && $s2) || ((!$s1 && !$o1) && (!$s2 && !$o2))) {
401 print "need space one side of that '$op' $at\n";
402 print "$herecurr";
403 $clean = 0;
404 }
405
406 # & is both unary and binary
407 # unary:
408 # a &b
409 # binary (consistent spacing):
410 # a&b OK
411 # a & b OK
412 #
413 # boiling down to: if there is a space on the right then there
414 # should be one on the left.
415 #
416 # - is the same
417 #
418 # * is the same only adding:
419 # type:
420 # (foo *)
421 # (foo **)
422 #
423 } elsif ($op eq '&' or $op eq '-' or $op eq '*') {
424 if ($w2 and !$w1) {
425 print "need space before that '$op' $at\n";
426 print "$herecurr";
427 $clean = 0;
428 }
429
430 # << and >> may either have or not have spaces both sides
431 } elsif ($op eq '<<' or $op eq '>>' or $op eq '+' or $op eq '/' or
432 $op eq '^' or $op eq '|')
433 {
434 if ($s1 != $s2) {
435 print "need consistent spacing around '$op' $at\n";
436 print "$herecurr";
437 $clean = 0;
438 }
439
440 # All the others need spaces both sides.
441 } elsif (!$s1 or !$s2) {
442 print "need spaces around that '$op' $at\n";
443 print "$herecurr";
444 $clean = 0;
445 }
446 }
447 }
448
449#need space before brace following if, while, etc
450 if ($line=~/\(.*\){/) {
451 print "need a space before the brace\n";
452 print "$herecurr";
453 $clean = 0;
454 }
455
456#goto labels aren't indented, allow a single space however
457 if ($line=~/^.\s+[A-Za-z\d_]+:/ and
458 !($line=~/^. [A-Za-z\d_]+:/) and !($line=~/^.\s+default:/)) {
459 print "labels should not be indented\n";
460 print "$herecurr";
461 $clean = 0;
462 }
463
464# Need a space before open parenthesis after if, while etc
465 if ($line=~/(if|while|for|switch)\(/) {
466 print "need a space before the open parenthesis\n";
467 print "$herecurr";
468 $clean = 0;
469 }
470
471# Check for illegal assignment in if conditional.
472 if ($line=~/(if|while)\s*\(.*[^<>!=]=[^=].*\)/) {
473 print "do not use assignment in if condition\n";
474 print "$herecurr";
475 $clean = 0;
476 }
477
478 # Check for }<nl>else {, these must be at the same
479 # indent level to be relevant to each other.
480 if ($prevline=~/}\s*$/ and $line=~/^.\s*else\s*/ and
481 $previndent == $indent) {
482 print "else should follow close brace\n";
483 print "$hereprev";
484 $clean = 0;
485 }
486
487 # Check for switch () {<nl>case, these must be at the
488 # same indent. We will only catch the first one, as our
489 # context is very small but people tend to be consistent
490 # so we will catch them out more often than not.
491 if ($prevline=~/\s*switch\s*\(.*\)/ and $line=~/\s*case\s+/
492 and $previndent != $indent) {
493 print "switch and case should be at the same indent\n";
494 print "$hereprev";
495 $clean = 0;
496 }
497
498#studly caps, commented out until figure out how to distinguish between use of existing and adding new
499# if (($line=~/[\w_][a-z\d]+[A-Z]/) and !($line=~/print/)) {
500# print "No studly caps, use _\n";
501# print "$herecurr";
502# $clean = 0;
503# }
504
505#no spaces allowed after \ in define
506 if ($line=~/\#define.*\\\s$/) {
507 print("Whitepspace after \\ makes next lines useless\n");
508 print "$herecurr";
509 $clean = 0;
510 }
511
512#warn if <asm/foo.h> is #included and <linux/foo.h> is available.
513 if ($tree && $line =~ qr|\s*\#\s*include\s*\<asm\/(.*)\.h\>|) {
514 my $checkfile = "include/linux/$1.h";
515 if (-f $checkfile) {
516 print "Use #include <linux/$1.h> instead of <asm/$1.h>\n";
517 print $herecurr;
518 $clean = 0;
519 }
520 }
521
522#if/while/etc brace do not go on next line, unless #defining a do while loop, or if that brace on the next line is for something else
523 if ($prevline=~/(if|while|for|switch)\s*\(/) {
524 my @opened = $prevline=~/\(/g;
525 my @closed = $prevline=~/\)/g;
526 my $nr_line = $linenr;
527 my $remaining = $realcnt;
528 my $next_line = $line;
529 my $extra_lines = 0;
530 my $display_segment = $prevline;
531
532 while ($remaining > 0 && scalar @opened > scalar @closed) {
533 $prevline .= $next_line;
534 $display_segment .= "\n" . $next_line;
535 $next_line = $lines[$nr_line];
536 $nr_line++;
537 $remaining--;
538
539 @opened = $prevline=~/\(/g;
540 @closed = $prevline=~/\)/g;
541 }
542
543 if (($prevline=~/(if|while|for|switch)\s*\(.*\)\s*$/) and ($next_line=~/{/) and
544 !($next_line=~/(if|while|for)/) and !($next_line=~/\#define.*do.*while/)) {
545 print "That { should be on the previous line\n";
546 print "$display_segment\n$next_line\n\n";
547 $clean = 0;
548 }
549 }
550
551#multiline macros should be enclosed in a do while loop
552 if (($prevline=~/\#define.*\\/) and !($prevline=~/do\s+{/) and
553 !($prevline=~/\(\{/) and ($line=~/;\s*\\/) and
554 !($line=~/do.*{/) and !($line=~/\(\{/)) {
555 print "Macros with multiple statements should be enclosed in a do - while loop\n";
556 print "$hereprev";
557 $clean = 0;
558 }
559
560# don't include deprecated include files
561 for my $inc (@deprecated) {
562 if ($line =~ m@\#\s*include\s*\<$inc>@) {
563 print "Don't use <$inc>: see Documentation/feature-removal-schedule.txt\n";
564 print "$herecurr";
565 $clean = 0;
566 }
567 }
568
569# don't use kernel_thread()
570 if ($line =~ /\bkernel_thread\b/) {
571 print "Don't use kernel_thread(), use kthread(): see Documentation/feature-removal-schedule.txt\n";
572 print "$herecurr";
573 $clean = 0;
574 }
575 }
576
577 if ($chk_patch && !$is_patch) {
578 $clean = 0;
579 print "Does not appear to be a unified-diff format patch\n";
580 }
581 if ($is_patch && $chk_signoff && $signoff == 0) {
582 $clean = 0;
583 print "Missing Signed-off-by: line(s)\n";
584 }
585
586 if ($clean == 1 && $quiet == 0) {
587 print "Your patch has no obvious style problems and is ready for submission.\n"
588 }
589 if ($clean == 0 && $quiet == 0) {
590 print "Your patch has style problems, please review. If any of these errors\n";
591 print "are false positives report them to the maintainer, see\n";
592 print "CHECKPATCH in MAINTAINERS.\n";
593 }
594 return $clean;
595}
generated by cgit v1.2.2 (git 2.25.0) at 2026-05-13 00:19:28 -0400