Merge branch 'for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mchehab/linux-2.6

* 'for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mchehab/linux-2.6: (222 commits)
  V4L/DVB (13033): pt1: Don't use a deprecated DMA_BIT_MASK macro
  V4L/DVB (13029): radio-si4713: remove #include <linux/version.h>
  V4L/DVB (13027): go7007: convert printks to v4l2_info
  V4L/DVB (13026): s2250-board: Implement brightness and contrast controls
  V4L/DVB (13025): s2250-board: Fix memory leaks
  V4L/DVB (13024): go7007: Implement vidioc_g_std and vidioc_querystd
  V4L/DVB (13023): go7007: Merge struct gofh and go declarations
  V4L/DVB (13022): go7007: Fix mpeg controls
  V4L/DVB (13021): go7007: Fix whitespace and line lengths
  V4L/DVB (13020): go7007: Updates to Kconfig and Makefile
  V4L/DVB (13019): video: initial support for ADV7180
  V4L/DVB (13018): kzalloc failure ignored in au8522_probe()
  V4L/DVB (13017): gspca: kmalloc failure ignored in sd_start()
  V4L/DVB (13016): kmalloc failure ignored in lgdt3304_attach() and s921_attach()
  V4L/DVB (13015): kmalloc failure ignored in m920x_firmware_download()
  V4L/DVB (13014): Add support for Compro VideoMate E800 (DVB-T part only)
  V4L/DVB (13013): FM TX: si4713: Kconfig: Fixed two typos.
  V4L/DVB (13012): uvc: introduce missing kfree
  V4L/DVB (13011): Change tuner type of BeholdTV cards
  V4L/DVB (13009): gspca - stv06xx-hdcs: Reduce exposure range
  ...

107 files changed, 26796 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/.gitignore b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..d7ec32eafac9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+!*.xml
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/biblio.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/biblio.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..afc8a0dd2601
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/biblio.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+  <bibliography>
+    <title>References</title>
+
+    <biblioentry id="eia608">
+      <abbrev>EIA&nbsp;608-B</abbrev>
+      <authorgroup>
+        <corpauthor>Electronic Industries Alliance (<ulink
+url="http://www.eia.org">http://www.eia.org</ulink>)</corpauthor>
+      </authorgroup>
+      <title>EIA 608-B "Recommended Practice for Line 21 Data
+Service"</title>
+    </biblioentry>
+
+    <biblioentry id="en300294">
+      <abbrev>EN&nbsp;300&nbsp;294</abbrev>
+      <authorgroup>
+        <corpauthor>European Telecommunication Standards Institute
+(<ulink url="http://www.etsi.org">http://www.etsi.org</ulink>)</corpauthor>
+      </authorgroup>
+      <title>EN 300 294 "625-line television Wide Screen Signalling
+(WSS)"</title>
+    </biblioentry>
+
+    <biblioentry id="ets300231">
+      <abbrev>ETS&nbsp;300&nbsp;231</abbrev>
+      <authorgroup>
+        <corpauthor>European Telecommunication Standards Institute
+(<ulink
+url="http://www.etsi.org">http://www.etsi.org</ulink>)</corpauthor>
+      </authorgroup>
+      <title>ETS 300 231 "Specification of the domestic video
+Programme Delivery Control system (PDC)"</title>
+    </biblioentry>
+
+    <biblioentry id="ets300706">
+      <abbrev>ETS&nbsp;300&nbsp;706</abbrev>
+      <authorgroup>
+        <corpauthor>European Telecommunication Standards Institute
+(<ulink url="http://www.etsi.org">http://www.etsi.org</ulink>)</corpauthor>
+      </authorgroup>
+      <title>ETS 300 706 "Enhanced Teletext specification"</title>
+    </biblioentry>
+
+    <biblioentry id="mpeg2part1">
+      <abbrev>ISO&nbsp;13818-1</abbrev>
+      <authorgroup>
+        <corpauthor>International Telecommunication Union (<ulink
+url="http://www.itu.ch">http://www.itu.ch</ulink>), International
+Organisation for Standardisation (<ulink
+url="http://www.iso.ch">http://www.iso.ch</ulink>)</corpauthor>
+      </authorgroup>
+      <title>ITU-T Rec. H.222.0 | ISO/IEC 13818-1 "Information
+technology &mdash; Generic coding of moving pictures and associated
+audio information: Systems"</title>
+    </biblioentry>
+
+    <biblioentry id="mpeg2part2">
+      <abbrev>ISO&nbsp;13818-2</abbrev>
+      <authorgroup>
+        <corpauthor>International Telecommunication Union (<ulink
+url="http://www.itu.ch">http://www.itu.ch</ulink>), International
+Organisation for Standardisation (<ulink
+url="http://www.iso.ch">http://www.iso.ch</ulink>)</corpauthor>
+      </authorgroup>
+      <title>ITU-T Rec. H.262 | ISO/IEC 13818-2 "Information
+technology &mdash; Generic coding of moving pictures and associated
+audio information: Video"</title>
+    </biblioentry>
+
+    <biblioentry id="itu470">
+      <abbrev>ITU&nbsp;BT.470</abbrev>
+      <authorgroup>
+        <corpauthor>International Telecommunication Union (<ulink
+url="http://www.itu.ch">http://www.itu.ch</ulink>)</corpauthor>
+      </authorgroup>
+      <title>ITU-R Recommendation BT.470-6 "Conventional Television
+Systems"</title>
+    </biblioentry>
+
+    <biblioentry id="itu601">
+      <abbrev>ITU&nbsp;BT.601</abbrev>
+      <authorgroup>
+        <corpauthor>International Telecommunication Union (<ulink
+url="http://www.itu.ch">http://www.itu.ch</ulink>)</corpauthor>
+      </authorgroup>
+      <title>ITU-R Recommendation BT.601-5 "Studio Encoding Parameters
+of Digital Television for Standard 4:3 and Wide-Screen 16:9 Aspect
+Ratios"</title>
+    </biblioentry>
+
+    <biblioentry id="itu653">
+      <abbrev>ITU&nbsp;BT.653</abbrev>
+      <authorgroup>
+        <corpauthor>International Telecommunication Union (<ulink
+url="http://www.itu.ch">http://www.itu.ch</ulink>)</corpauthor>
+      </authorgroup>
+      <title>ITU-R Recommendation BT.653-3 "Teletext systems"</title>
+    </biblioentry>
+
+    <biblioentry id="itu709">
+      <abbrev>ITU&nbsp;BT.709</abbrev>
+      <authorgroup>
+        <corpauthor>International Telecommunication Union (<ulink
+url="http://www.itu.ch">http://www.itu.ch</ulink>)</corpauthor>
+      </authorgroup>
+      <title>ITU-R Recommendation BT.709-5 "Parameter values for the
+HDTV standards for production and international programme
+exchange"</title>
+    </biblioentry>
+
+    <biblioentry id="itu1119">
+      <abbrev>ITU&nbsp;BT.1119</abbrev>
+      <authorgroup>
+        <corpauthor>International Telecommunication Union (<ulink
+url="http://www.itu.ch">http://www.itu.ch</ulink>)</corpauthor>
+      </authorgroup>
+      <title>ITU-R Recommendation BT.1119 "625-line
+television Wide Screen Signalling (WSS)"</title>
+    </biblioentry>
+
+    <biblioentry id="jfif">
+      <abbrev>JFIF</abbrev>
+      <authorgroup>
+        <corpauthor>Independent JPEG Group (<ulink
+url="http://www.ijg.org">http://www.ijg.org</ulink>)</corpauthor>
+      </authorgroup>
+      <title>JPEG File Interchange Format</title>
+      <subtitle>Version 1.02</subtitle>
+    </biblioentry>
+
+    <biblioentry id="smpte12m">
+      <abbrev>SMPTE&nbsp;12M</abbrev>
+      <authorgroup>
+        <corpauthor>Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers
+(<ulink url="http://www.smpte.org">http://www.smpte.org</ulink>)</corpauthor>
+      </authorgroup>
+      <title>SMPTE 12M-1999 "Television, Audio and Film - Time and
+Control Code"</title>
+    </biblioentry>
+
+    <biblioentry id="smpte170m">
+      <abbrev>SMPTE&nbsp;170M</abbrev>
+      <authorgroup>
+        <corpauthor>Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers
+(<ulink url="http://www.smpte.org">http://www.smpte.org</ulink>)</corpauthor>
+      </authorgroup>
+      <title>SMPTE 170M-1999 "Television - Composite Analog Video
+Signal - NTSC for Studio Applications"</title>
+    </biblioentry>
+
+    <biblioentry id="smpte240m">
+      <abbrev>SMPTE&nbsp;240M</abbrev>
+      <authorgroup>
+        <corpauthor>Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers
+(<ulink url="http://www.smpte.org">http://www.smpte.org</ulink>)</corpauthor>
+      </authorgroup>
+      <title>SMPTE 240M-1999 "Television - Signal Parameters -
+1125-Line High-Definition Production"</title>
+    </biblioentry>
+
+    <biblioentry id="en50067">
+      <abbrev>EN&nbsp;50067</abbrev>
+      <authorgroup>
+        <corpauthor>European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
+(<ulink url="http://www.cenelec.eu">http://www.cenelec.eu</ulink>)</corpauthor>
+      </authorgroup>
+      <title>Specification of the radio data system (RDS) for VHF/FM sound broadcasting
+in the frequency range from 87,5 to 108,0 MHz</title>
+    </biblioentry>
+
+    <biblioentry id="nrsc4">
+      <abbrev>NRSC-4</abbrev>
+      <authorgroup>
+        <corpauthor>National Radio Systems Committee
+(<ulink url="http://www.nrscstandards.org">http://www.nrscstandards.org</ulink>)</corpauthor>
+      </authorgroup>
+      <title>NTSC-4: United States RBDS Standard</title>
+    </biblioentry>
+
+  </bibliography>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/capture.c.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/capture.c.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..1c5c49a2de59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/capture.c.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,659 @@
+<programlisting>
+/*
+ *  V4L2 video capture example
+ *
+ *  This program can be used and distributed without restrictions.
+ *
+ *      This program is provided with the V4L2 API
+ * see http://linuxtv.org/docs.php for more information
+ */
+
+#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;
+#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;
+#include &lt;string.h&gt;
+#include &lt;assert.h&gt;
+
+#include &lt;getopt.h&gt;             /* getopt_long() */
+
+#include &lt;fcntl.h&gt;              /* low-level i/o */
+#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;
+#include &lt;errno.h&gt;
+#include &lt;sys/stat.h&gt;
+#include &lt;sys/types.h&gt;
+#include &lt;sys/time.h&gt;
+#include &lt;sys/mman.h&gt;
+#include &lt;sys/ioctl.h&gt;
+
+#include &lt;linux/videodev2.h&gt;
+
+#define CLEAR(x) memset(&amp;(x), 0, sizeof(x))
+
+enum io_method {
+        IO_METHOD_READ,
+        IO_METHOD_MMAP,
+        IO_METHOD_USERPTR,
+};
+
+struct buffer {
+        void   *start;
+        size_t  length;
+};
+
+static char            *dev_name;
+static enum io_method   io = IO_METHOD_MMAP;
+static int              fd = -1;
+struct buffer          *buffers;
+static unsigned int     n_buffers;
+static int              out_buf;
+static int              force_format;
+static int              frame_count = 70;
+
+static void errno_exit(const char *s)
+{
+        fprintf(stderr, "%s error %d, %s\n", s, errno, strerror(errno));
+        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+static int xioctl(int fh, int request, void *arg)
+{
+        int r;
+
+        do {
+                r = ioctl(fh, request, arg);
+        } while (-1 == r &amp;&amp; EINTR == errno);
+
+        return r;
+}
+
+static void process_image(const void *p, int size)
+{
+        if (out_buf)
+                fwrite(p, size, 1, stdout);
+
+        fflush(stderr);
+        fprintf(stderr, ".");
+        fflush(stdout);
+}
+
+static int read_frame(void)
+{
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-buffer">v4l2_buffer</link> buf;
+        unsigned int i;
+
+        switch (io) {
+        case IO_METHOD_READ:
+                if (-1 == read(fd, buffers[0].start, buffers[0].length)) {
+                        switch (errno) {
+                        case EAGAIN:
+                                return 0;
+
+                        case EIO:
+                                /* Could ignore EIO, see spec. */
+
+                                /* fall through */
+
+                        default:
+                                errno_exit("read");
+                        }
+                }
+
+                process_image(buffers[0].start, buffers[0].length);
+                break;
+
+        case IO_METHOD_MMAP:
+                CLEAR(buf);
+
+                buf.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+                buf.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
+
+                if (-1 == xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_DQBUF, &amp;buf)) {
+                        switch (errno) {
+                        case EAGAIN:
+                                return 0;
+
+                        case EIO:
+                                /* Could ignore EIO, see spec. */
+
+                                /* fall through */
+
+                        default:
+                                errno_exit("VIDIOC_DQBUF");
+                        }
+                }
+
+                assert(buf.index &lt; n_buffers);
+
+                process_image(buffers[buf.index].start, buf.bytesused);
+
+                if (-1 == xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_QBUF, &amp;buf))
+                        errno_exit("VIDIOC_QBUF");
+                break;
+
+        case IO_METHOD_USERPTR:
+                CLEAR(buf);
+
+                buf.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+                buf.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_USERPTR;
+
+                if (-1 == xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_DQBUF, &amp;buf)) {
+                        switch (errno) {
+                        case EAGAIN:
+                                return 0;
+
+                        case EIO:
+                                /* Could ignore EIO, see spec. */
+
+                                /* fall through */
+
+                        default:
+                                errno_exit("VIDIOC_DQBUF");
+                        }
+                }
+
+                for (i = 0; i &lt; n_buffers; ++i)
+                        if (buf.m.userptr == (unsigned long)buffers[i].start
+                            &amp;&amp; buf.length == buffers[i].length)
+                                break;
+
+                assert(i &lt; n_buffers);
+
+                process_image((void *)buf.m.userptr, buf.bytesused);
+
+                if (-1 == xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_QBUF, &amp;buf))
+                        errno_exit("VIDIOC_QBUF");
+                break;
+        }
+
+        return 1;
+}
+
+static void mainloop(void)
+{
+        unsigned int count;
+
+        count = frame_count;
+
+        while (count-- &gt; 0) {
+                for (;;) {
+                        fd_set fds;
+                        struct timeval tv;
+                        int r;
+
+                        FD_ZERO(&amp;fds);
+                        FD_SET(fd, &amp;fds);
+
+                        /* Timeout. */
+                        tv.tv_sec = 2;
+                        tv.tv_usec = 0;
+
+                        r = select(fd + 1, &amp;fds, NULL, NULL, &amp;tv);
+
+                        if (-1 == r) {
+                                if (EINTR == errno)
+                                        continue;
+                                errno_exit("select");
+                        }
+
+                        if (0 == r) {
+                                fprintf(stderr, "select timeout\n");
+                                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+                        }
+
+                        if (read_frame())
+                                break;
+                        /* EAGAIN - continue select loop. */
+                }
+        }
+}
+
+static void stop_capturing(void)
+{
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-buf-type">v4l2_buf_type</link> type;
+
+        switch (io) {
+        case IO_METHOD_READ:
+                /* Nothing to do. */
+                break;
+
+        case IO_METHOD_MMAP:
+        case IO_METHOD_USERPTR:
+                type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+                if (-1 == xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_STREAMOFF, &amp;type))
+                        errno_exit("VIDIOC_STREAMOFF");
+                break;
+        }
+}
+
+static void start_capturing(void)
+{
+        unsigned int i;
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-buf-type">v4l2_buf_type</link> type;
+
+        switch (io) {
+        case IO_METHOD_READ:
+                /* Nothing to do. */
+                break;
+
+        case IO_METHOD_MMAP:
+                for (i = 0; i &lt; n_buffers; ++i) {
+                        struct <link linkend="v4l2-buffer">v4l2_buffer</link> buf;
+
+                        CLEAR(buf);
+                        buf.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+                        buf.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
+                        buf.index = i;
+
+                        if (-1 == xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_QBUF, &amp;buf))
+                                errno_exit("VIDIOC_QBUF");
+                }
+                type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+                if (-1 == xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_STREAMON, &amp;type))
+                        errno_exit("VIDIOC_STREAMON");
+                break;
+
+        case IO_METHOD_USERPTR:
+                for (i = 0; i &lt; n_buffers; ++i) {
+                        struct <link linkend="v4l2-buffer">v4l2_buffer</link> buf;
+
+                        CLEAR(buf);
+                        buf.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+                        buf.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_USERPTR;
+                        buf.index = i;
+                        buf.m.userptr = (unsigned long)buffers[i].start;
+                        buf.length = buffers[i].length;
+
+                        if (-1 == xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_QBUF, &amp;buf))
+                                errno_exit("VIDIOC_QBUF");
+                }
+                type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+                if (-1 == xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_STREAMON, &amp;type))
+                        errno_exit("VIDIOC_STREAMON");
+                break;
+        }
+}
+
+static void uninit_device(void)
+{
+        unsigned int i;
+
+        switch (io) {
+        case IO_METHOD_READ:
+                free(buffers[0].start);
+                break;
+
+        case IO_METHOD_MMAP:
+                for (i = 0; i &lt; n_buffers; ++i)
+                        if (-1 == munmap(buffers[i].start, buffers[i].length))
+                                errno_exit("munmap");
+                break;
+
+        case IO_METHOD_USERPTR:
+                for (i = 0; i &lt; n_buffers; ++i)
+                        free(buffers[i].start);
+                break;
+        }
+
+        free(buffers);
+}
+
+static void init_read(unsigned int buffer_size)
+{
+        buffers = calloc(1, sizeof(*buffers));
+
+        if (!buffers) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
+                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+
+        buffers[0].length = buffer_size;
+        buffers[0].start = malloc(buffer_size);
+
+        if (!buffers[0].start) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
+                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+}
+
+static void init_mmap(void)
+{
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-requestbuffers">v4l2_requestbuffers</link> req;
+
+        CLEAR(req);
+
+        req.count = 4;
+        req.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+        req.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
+
+        if (-1 == xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_REQBUFS, &amp;req)) {
+                if (EINVAL == errno) {
+                        fprintf(stderr, "%s does not support "
+                                 "memory mapping\n", dev_name);
+                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+                } else {
+                        errno_exit("VIDIOC_REQBUFS");
+                }
+        }
+
+        if (req.count &lt; 2) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "Insufficient buffer memory on %s\n",
+                         dev_name);
+                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+
+        buffers = calloc(req.count, sizeof(*buffers));
+
+        if (!buffers) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
+                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+
+        for (n_buffers = 0; n_buffers &lt; req.count; ++n_buffers) {
+                struct <link linkend="v4l2-buffer">v4l2_buffer</link> buf;
+
+                CLEAR(buf);
+
+                buf.type        = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+                buf.memory      = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
+                buf.index       = n_buffers;
+
+                if (-1 == xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_QUERYBUF, &amp;buf))
+                        errno_exit("VIDIOC_QUERYBUF");
+
+                buffers[n_buffers].length = buf.length;
+                buffers[n_buffers].start =
+                        mmap(NULL /* start anywhere */,
+                              buf.length,
+                              PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE /* required */,
+                              MAP_SHARED /* recommended */,
+                              fd, buf.m.offset);
+
+                if (MAP_FAILED == buffers[n_buffers].start)
+                        errno_exit("mmap");
+        }
+}
+
+static void init_userp(unsigned int buffer_size)
+{
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-requestbuffers">v4l2_requestbuffers</link> req;
+
+        CLEAR(req);
+
+        req.count  = 4;
+        req.type   = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+        req.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_USERPTR;
+
+        if (-1 == xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_REQBUFS, &amp;req)) {
+                if (EINVAL == errno) {
+                        fprintf(stderr, "%s does not support "
+                                 "user pointer i/o\n", dev_name);
+                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+                } else {
+                        errno_exit("VIDIOC_REQBUFS");
+                }
+        }
+
+        buffers = calloc(4, sizeof(*buffers));
+
+        if (!buffers) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
+                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+
+        for (n_buffers = 0; n_buffers &lt; 4; ++n_buffers) {
+                buffers[n_buffers].length = buffer_size;
+                buffers[n_buffers].start = malloc(buffer_size);
+
+                if (!buffers[n_buffers].start) {
+                        fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
+                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+                }
+        }
+}
+
+static void init_device(void)
+{
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-capability">v4l2_capability</link> cap;
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-cropcap">v4l2_cropcap</link> cropcap;
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-crop">v4l2_crop</link> crop;
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-format">v4l2_format</link> fmt;
+        unsigned int min;
+
+        if (-1 == xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_QUERYCAP, &amp;cap)) {
+                if (EINVAL == errno) {
+                        fprintf(stderr, "%s is no V4L2 device\n",
+                                 dev_name);
+                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+                } else {
+                        errno_exit("VIDIOC_QUERYCAP");
+                }
+        }
+
+        if (!(cap.capabilities &amp; V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_CAPTURE)) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "%s is no video capture device\n",
+                         dev_name);
+                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+
+        switch (io) {
+        case IO_METHOD_READ:
+                if (!(cap.capabilities &amp; V4L2_CAP_READWRITE)) {
+                        fprintf(stderr, "%s does not support read i/o\n",
+                                 dev_name);
+                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+                }
+                break;
+
+        case IO_METHOD_MMAP:
+        case IO_METHOD_USERPTR:
+                if (!(cap.capabilities &amp; V4L2_CAP_STREAMING)) {
+                        fprintf(stderr, "%s does not support streaming i/o\n",
+                                 dev_name);
+                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+                }
+                break;
+        }
+
+
+        /* Select video input, video standard and tune here. */
+
+
+        CLEAR(cropcap);
+
+        cropcap.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+
+        if (0 == xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_CROPCAP, &amp;cropcap)) {
+                crop.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+                crop.c = cropcap.defrect; /* reset to default */
+
+                if (-1 == xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_S_CROP, &amp;crop)) {
+                        switch (errno) {
+                        case EINVAL:
+                                /* Cropping not supported. */
+                                break;
+                        default:
+                                /* Errors ignored. */
+                                break;
+                        }
+                }
+        } else {
+                /* Errors ignored. */
+        }
+
+
+        CLEAR(fmt);
+
+        fmt.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+        if (force_format) {
+                fmt.fmt.pix.width       = 640;
+                fmt.fmt.pix.height      = 480;
+                fmt.fmt.pix.pixelformat = V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV;
+                fmt.fmt.pix.field       = V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED;
+
+                if (-1 == xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_S_FMT, &amp;fmt))
+                        errno_exit("VIDIOC_S_FMT");
+
+                /* Note VIDIOC_S_FMT may change width and height. */
+        } else {
+                /* Preserve original settings as set by v4l2-ctl for example */
+                if (-1 == xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_G_FMT, &amp;fmt))
+                        errno_exit("VIDIOC_G_FMT");
+        }
+
+        /* Buggy driver paranoia. */
+        min = fmt.fmt.pix.width * 2;
+        if (fmt.fmt.pix.bytesperline &lt; min)
+                fmt.fmt.pix.bytesperline = min;
+        min = fmt.fmt.pix.bytesperline * fmt.fmt.pix.height;
+        if (fmt.fmt.pix.sizeimage &lt; min)
+                fmt.fmt.pix.sizeimage = min;
+
+        switch (io) {
+        case IO_METHOD_READ:
+                init_read(fmt.fmt.pix.sizeimage);
+                break;
+
+        case IO_METHOD_MMAP:
+                init_mmap();
+                break;
+
+        case IO_METHOD_USERPTR:
+                init_userp(fmt.fmt.pix.sizeimage);
+                break;
+        }
+}
+
+static void close_device(void)
+{
+        if (-1 == close(fd))
+                errno_exit("close");
+
+        fd = -1;
+}
+
+static void open_device(void)
+{
+        struct stat st;
+
+        if (-1 == stat(dev_name, &amp;st)) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "Cannot identify '%s': %d, %s\n",
+                         dev_name, errno, strerror(errno));
+                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+
+        if (!S_ISCHR(st.st_mode)) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "%s is no device\n", dev_name);
+                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+
+        fd = open(dev_name, O_RDWR /* required */ | O_NONBLOCK, 0);
+
+        if (-1 == fd) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "Cannot open '%s': %d, %s\n",
+                         dev_name, errno, strerror(errno));
+                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+}
+
+static void usage(FILE *fp, int argc, char **argv)
+{
+        fprintf(fp,
+                 "Usage: %s [options]\n\n"
+                 "Version 1.3\n"
+                 "Options:\n"
+                 "-d | --device name   Video device name [%s]\n"
+                 "-h | --help          Print this message\n"
+                 "-m | --mmap          Use memory mapped buffers [default]\n"
+                 "-r | --read          Use read() calls\n"
+                 "-u | --userp         Use application allocated buffers\n"
+                 "-o | --output        Outputs stream to stdout\n"
+                 "-f | --format        Force format to 640x480 YUYV\n"
+                 "-c | --count         Number of frames to grab [%i]\n"
+                 "",
+                 argv[0], dev_name, frame_count);
+}
+
+static const char short_options[] = "d:hmruofc:";
+
+static const struct option
+long_options[] = {
+        { "device", required_argument, NULL, 'd' },
+        { "help",   no_argument,       NULL, 'h' },
+        { "mmap",   no_argument,       NULL, 'm' },
+        { "read",   no_argument,       NULL, 'r' },
+        { "userp",  no_argument,       NULL, 'u' },
+        { "output", no_argument,       NULL, 'o' },
+        { "format", no_argument,       NULL, 'f' },
+        { "count",  required_argument, NULL, 'c' },
+        { 0, 0, 0, 0 }
+};
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+        dev_name = "/dev/video0";
+
+        for (;;) {
+                int idx;
+                int c;
+
+                c = getopt_long(argc, argv,
+                                short_options, long_options, &amp;idx);
+
+                if (-1 == c)
+                        break;
+
+                switch (c) {
+                case 0: /* getopt_long() flag */
+                        break;
+
+                case 'd':
+                        dev_name = optarg;
+                        break;
+
+                case 'h':
+                        usage(stdout, argc, argv);
+                        exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
+
+                case 'm':
+                        io = IO_METHOD_MMAP;
+                        break;
+
+                case 'r':
+                        io = IO_METHOD_READ;
+                        break;
+
+                case 'u':
+                        io = IO_METHOD_USERPTR;
+                        break;
+
+                case 'o':
+                        out_buf++;
+                        break;
+
+                case 'f':
+                        force_format++;
+                        break;
+
+                case 'c':
+                        errno = 0;
+                        frame_count = strtol(optarg, NULL, 0);
+                        if (errno)
+                                errno_exit(optarg);
+                        break;
+
+                default:
+                        usage(stderr, argc, argv);
+                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+                }
+        }
+
+        open_device();
+        init_device();
+        start_capturing();
+        mainloop();
+        stop_capturing();
+        uninit_device();
+        close_device();
+        fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+        return 0;
+}
+</programlisting>
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/common.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/common.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b1a81d246d58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/common.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,1160 @@
+  <title>Common API Elements</title>
+
+  <para>Programming a V4L2 device consists of these
+steps:</para>
+
+  <itemizedlist>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>Opening the device</para>
+    </listitem>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>Changing device properties, selecting a video and audio
+input, video standard, picture brightness a.&nbsp;o.</para>
+    </listitem>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>Negotiating a data format</para>
+    </listitem>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>Negotiating an input/output method</para>
+    </listitem>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>The actual input/output loop</para>
+    </listitem>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>Closing the device</para>
+    </listitem>
+  </itemizedlist>
+
+  <para>In practice most steps are optional and can be executed out of
+order. It depends on the V4L2 device type, you can read about the
+details in <xref linkend="devices" />. In this chapter we will discuss
+the basic concepts applicable to all devices.</para>
+
+  <section id="open">
+    <title>Opening and Closing Devices</title>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Device Naming</title>
+
+      <para>V4L2 drivers are implemented as kernel modules, loaded
+manually by the system administrator or automatically when a device is
+first opened. The driver modules plug into the "videodev" kernel
+module. It provides helper functions and a common application
+interface specified in this document.</para>
+
+      <para>Each driver thus loaded registers one or more device nodes
+with major number 81 and a minor number between 0 and 255. Assigning
+minor numbers to V4L2 devices is entirely up to the system administrator,
+this is primarily intended to solve conflicts between devices.<footnote>
+          <para>Access permissions are associated with character
+device special files, hence we must ensure device numbers cannot
+change with the module load order. To this end minor numbers are no
+longer automatically assigned by the "videodev" module as in V4L but
+requested by the driver. The defaults will suffice for most people
+unless two drivers compete for the same minor numbers.</para>
+        </footnote> The module options to select minor numbers are named
+after the device special file with a "_nr" suffix. For example "video_nr"
+for <filename>/dev/video</filename> video capture devices. The number is
+an offset to the base minor number associated with the device type.
+<footnote>
+          <para>In earlier versions of the V4L2 API the module options
+where named after the device special file with a "unit_" prefix, expressing
+the minor number itself, not an offset. Rationale for this change is unknown.
+Lastly the naming and semantics are just a convention among driver writers,
+the point to note is that minor numbers are not supposed to be hardcoded
+into drivers.</para>
+        </footnote> When the driver supports multiple devices of the same
+type more than one minor number can be assigned, separated by commas:
+<informalexample>
+          <screen>
+&gt; insmod mydriver.o video_nr=0,1 radio_nr=0,1</screen>
+        </informalexample></para>
+
+      <para>In <filename>/etc/modules.conf</filename> this may be
+written as: <informalexample>
+          <screen>
+alias char-major-81-0 mydriver
+alias char-major-81-1 mydriver
+alias char-major-81-64 mydriver              <co id="alias" />
+options mydriver video_nr=0,1 radio_nr=0,1   <co id="options" />
+          </screen>
+          <calloutlist>
+            <callout arearefs="alias">
+              <para>When an application attempts to open a device
+special file with major number 81 and minor number 0, 1, or 64, load
+"mydriver" (and the "videodev" module it depends upon).</para>
+            </callout>
+            <callout arearefs="options">
+              <para>Register the first two video capture devices with
+minor number 0 and 1 (base number is 0), the first two radio device
+with minor number 64 and 65 (base 64).</para>
+            </callout>
+          </calloutlist>
+        </informalexample> When no minor number is given as module
+option the driver supplies a default. <xref linkend="devices" />
+recommends the base minor numbers to be used for the various device
+types. Obviously minor numbers must be unique. When the number is
+already in use the <emphasis>offending device</emphasis> will not be
+registered. <!-- Blessed by Linus Torvalds on
+linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, 2002-11-20. --></para>
+
+      <para>By convention system administrators create various
+character device special files with these major and minor numbers in
+the <filename>/dev</filename> directory. The names recomended for the
+different V4L2 device types are listed in <xref linkend="devices" />.
+</para>
+
+      <para>The creation of character special files (with
+<application>mknod</application>) is a privileged operation and
+devices cannot be opened by major and minor number. That means
+applications cannot <emphasis>reliable</emphasis> scan for loaded or
+installed drivers. The user must enter a device name, or the
+application can try the conventional device names.</para>
+
+      <para>Under the device filesystem (devfs) the minor number
+options are ignored. V4L2 drivers (or by proxy the "videodev" module)
+automatically create the required device files in the
+<filename>/dev/v4l</filename> directory using the conventional device
+names above.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section id="related">
+      <title>Related Devices</title>
+
+      <para>Devices can support several related functions. For example
+video capturing, video overlay and VBI capturing are related because
+these functions share, amongst other, the same video input and tuner
+frequency. V4L and earlier versions of V4L2 used the same device name
+and minor number for video capturing and overlay, but different ones
+for VBI. Experience showed this approach has several problems<footnote>
+          <para>Given a device file name one cannot reliable find
+related devices. For once names are arbitrary and in a system with
+multiple devices, where only some support VBI capturing, a
+<filename>/dev/video2</filename> is not necessarily related to
+<filename>/dev/vbi2</filename>. The V4L
+<constant>VIDIOCGUNIT</constant> ioctl would require a search for a
+device file with a particular major and minor number.</para>
+        </footnote>, and to make things worse the V4L videodev module
+used to prohibit multiple opens of a device.</para>
+
+      <para>As a remedy the present version of the V4L2 API relaxed the
+concept of device types with specific names and minor numbers. For
+compatibility with old applications drivers must still register different
+minor numbers to assign a default function to the device. But if related
+functions are supported by the driver they must be available under all
+registered minor numbers. The desired function can be selected after
+opening the device as described in <xref linkend="devices" />.</para>
+
+      <para>Imagine a driver supporting video capturing, video
+overlay, raw VBI capturing, and FM radio reception. It registers three
+devices with minor number 0, 64 and 224 (this numbering scheme is
+inherited from the V4L API). Regardless if
+<filename>/dev/video</filename> (81, 0) or
+<filename>/dev/vbi</filename> (81, 224) is opened the application can
+select any one of the video capturing, overlay or VBI capturing
+functions. Without programming (e.&nbsp;g. reading from the device
+with <application>dd</application> or <application>cat</application>)
+<filename>/dev/video</filename> captures video images, while
+<filename>/dev/vbi</filename> captures raw VBI data.
+<filename>/dev/radio</filename> (81, 64) is invariable a radio device,
+unrelated to the video functions. Being unrelated does not imply the
+devices can be used at the same time, however. The &func-open;
+function may very well return an &EBUSY;.</para>
+
+      <para>Besides video input or output the hardware may also
+support audio sampling or playback. If so, these functions are
+implemented as OSS or ALSA PCM devices and eventually OSS or ALSA
+audio mixer. The V4L2 API makes no provisions yet to find these
+related devices. If you have an idea please write to the linux-media
+mailing list: &v4l-ml;.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Multiple Opens</title>
+
+      <para>In general, V4L2 devices can be opened more than once.
+When this is supported by the driver, users can for example start a
+"panel" application to change controls like brightness or audio
+volume, while another application captures video and audio. In other words, panel
+applications are comparable to an OSS or ALSA audio mixer application.
+When a device supports multiple functions like capturing and overlay
+<emphasis>simultaneously</emphasis>, multiple opens allow concurrent
+use of the device by forked processes or specialized applications.</para>
+
+      <para>Multiple opens are optional, although drivers should
+permit at least concurrent accesses without data exchange, &ie; panel
+applications. This implies &func-open; can return an &EBUSY; when the
+device is already in use, as well as &func-ioctl; functions initiating
+data exchange (namely the &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl), and the &func-read;
+and &func-write; functions.</para>
+
+      <para>Mere opening a V4L2 device does not grant exclusive
+access.<footnote>
+          <para>Drivers could recognize the
+<constant>O_EXCL</constant> open flag. Presently this is not required,
+so applications cannot know if it really works.</para>
+        </footnote> Initiating data exchange however assigns the right
+to read or write the requested type of data, and to change related
+properties, to this file descriptor. Applications can request
+additional access privileges using the priority mechanism described in
+<xref linkend="app-pri" />.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Shared Data Streams</title>
+
+      <para>V4L2 drivers should not support multiple applications
+reading or writing the same data stream on a device by copying
+buffers, time multiplexing or similar means. This is better handled by
+a proxy application in user space. When the driver supports stream
+sharing anyway it must be implemented transparently. The V4L2 API does
+not specify how conflicts are solved. <!-- For example O_EXCL when the
+application does not want to be preempted, PROT_READ mmapped buffers
+which can be mapped twice, what happens when image formats do not
+match etc.--></para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Functions</title>
+
+    <para>To open and close V4L2 devices applications use the
+&func-open; and &func-close; function, respectively. Devices are
+programmed using the &func-ioctl; function as explained in the
+following sections.</para>
+    </section>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="querycap">
+    <title>Querying Capabilities</title>
+
+    <para>Because V4L2 covers a wide variety of devices not all
+aspects of the API are equally applicable to all types of devices.
+Furthermore devices of the same type have different capabilities and
+this specification permits the omission of a few complicated and less
+important parts of the API.</para>
+
+    <para>The &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl is available to check if the kernel
+device is compatible with this specification, and to query the <link
+linkend="devices">functions</link> and <link linkend="io">I/O
+methods</link> supported by the device. Other features can be queried
+by calling the respective ioctl, for example &VIDIOC-ENUMINPUT;
+to learn about the number, types and names of video connectors on the
+device. Although abstraction is a major objective of this API, the
+ioctl also allows driver specific applications to reliable identify
+the driver.</para>
+
+    <para>All V4L2 drivers must support
+<constant>VIDIOC_QUERYCAP</constant>. Applications should always call
+this ioctl after opening the device.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="app-pri">
+    <title>Application Priority</title>
+
+    <para>When multiple applications share a device it may be
+desirable to assign them different priorities. Contrary to the
+traditional "rm -rf /" school of thought a video recording application
+could for example block other applications from changing video
+controls or switching the current TV channel. Another objective is to
+permit low priority applications working in background, which can be
+preempted by user controlled applications and automatically regain
+control of the device at a later time.</para>
+
+    <para>Since these features cannot be implemented entirely in user
+space V4L2 defines the &VIDIOC-G-PRIORITY; and &VIDIOC-S-PRIORITY;
+ioctls to request and query the access priority associate with a file
+descriptor. Opening a device assigns a medium priority, compatible
+with earlier versions of V4L2 and drivers not supporting these ioctls.
+Applications requiring a different priority will usually call
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_PRIORITY</constant> after verifying the device with
+the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl.</para>
+
+    <para>Ioctls changing driver properties, such as &VIDIOC-S-INPUT;,
+return an &EBUSY; after another application obtained higher priority.
+An event mechanism to notify applications about asynchronous property
+changes has been proposed but not added yet.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="video">
+    <title>Video Inputs and Outputs</title>
+
+    <para>Video inputs and outputs are physical connectors of a
+device. These can be for example RF connectors (antenna/cable), CVBS
+a.k.a. Composite Video, S-Video or RGB connectors. Only video and VBI
+capture devices have inputs, output devices have outputs, at least one
+each. Radio devices have no video inputs or outputs.</para>
+
+    <para>To learn about the number and attributes of the
+available inputs and outputs applications can enumerate them with the
+&VIDIOC-ENUMINPUT; and &VIDIOC-ENUMOUTPUT; ioctl, respectively. The
+&v4l2-input; returned by the <constant>VIDIOC_ENUMINPUT</constant>
+ioctl also contains signal status information applicable when the
+current video input is queried.</para>
+
+    <para>The &VIDIOC-G-INPUT; and &VIDIOC-G-OUTPUT; ioctl return the
+index of the current video input or output. To select a different
+input or output applications call the &VIDIOC-S-INPUT; and
+&VIDIOC-S-OUTPUT; ioctl. Drivers must implement all the input ioctls
+when the device has one or more inputs, all the output ioctls when the
+device has one or more outputs.</para>
+
+    <!--
+    <figure id=io-tree>
+      <title>Input and output enumeration is the root of most device properties.</title>
+      <mediaobject>
+        <imageobject>
+          <imagedata fileref="links.pdf" format="ps" />
+        </imageobject>
+        <imageobject>
+          <imagedata fileref="links.gif" format="gif" />
+        </imageobject>
+        <textobject>
+          <phrase>Links between various device property structures.</phrase>
+        </textobject>
+      </mediaobject>
+    </figure>
+    -->
+
+    <example>
+      <title>Information about the current video input</title>
+
+      <programlisting>
+&v4l2-input; input;
+int index;
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-G-INPUT;, &amp;index)) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_G_INPUT");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+memset (&amp;input, 0, sizeof (input));
+input.index = index;
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-ENUMINPUT;, &amp;input)) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_ENUMINPUT");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+printf ("Current input: %s\n", input.name);
+      </programlisting>
+    </example>
+
+    <example>
+      <title>Switching to the first video input</title>
+
+      <programlisting>
+int index;
+
+index = 0;
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-S-INPUT;, &amp;index)) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_S_INPUT");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+      </programlisting>
+    </example>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="audio">
+    <title>Audio Inputs and Outputs</title>
+
+    <para>Audio inputs and outputs are physical connectors of a
+device. Video capture devices have inputs, output devices have
+outputs, zero or more each. Radio devices have no audio inputs or
+outputs. They have exactly one tuner which in fact
+<emphasis>is</emphasis> an audio source, but this API associates
+tuners with video inputs or outputs only, and radio devices have
+none of these.<footnote>
+        <para>Actually &v4l2-audio; ought to have a
+<structfield>tuner</structfield> field like &v4l2-input;, not only
+making the API more consistent but also permitting radio devices with
+multiple tuners.</para>
+      </footnote> A connector on a TV card to loop back the received
+audio signal to a sound card is not considered an audio output.</para>
+
+    <para>Audio and video inputs and outputs are associated. Selecting
+a video source also selects an audio source. This is most evident when
+the video and audio source is a tuner. Further audio connectors can
+combine with more than one video input or output. Assumed two
+composite video inputs and two audio inputs exist, there may be up to
+four valid combinations. The relation of video and audio connectors
+is defined in the <structfield>audioset</structfield> field of the
+respective &v4l2-input; or &v4l2-output;, where each bit represents
+the index number, starting at zero, of one audio input or output.</para>
+
+    <para>To learn about the number and attributes of the
+available inputs and outputs applications can enumerate them with the
+&VIDIOC-ENUMAUDIO; and &VIDIOC-ENUMAUDOUT; ioctl, respectively. The
+&v4l2-audio; returned by the <constant>VIDIOC_ENUMAUDIO</constant> ioctl
+also contains signal status information applicable when the current
+audio input is queried.</para>
+
+    <para>The &VIDIOC-G-AUDIO; and &VIDIOC-G-AUDOUT; ioctl report
+the current audio input and output, respectively. Note that, unlike
+&VIDIOC-G-INPUT; and &VIDIOC-G-OUTPUT; these ioctls return a structure
+as <constant>VIDIOC_ENUMAUDIO</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_ENUMAUDOUT</constant> do, not just an index.</para>
+
+    <para>To select an audio input and change its properties
+applications call the &VIDIOC-S-AUDIO; ioctl. To select an audio
+output (which presently has no changeable properties) applications
+call the &VIDIOC-S-AUDOUT; ioctl.</para>
+
+    <para>Drivers must implement all input ioctls when the device
+has one or more inputs, all output ioctls when the device has one
+or more outputs. When the device has any audio inputs or outputs the
+driver must set the <constant>V4L2_CAP_AUDIO</constant> flag in the
+&v4l2-capability; returned by the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl.</para>
+
+    <example>
+      <title>Information about the current audio input</title>
+
+      <programlisting>
+&v4l2-audio; audio;
+
+memset (&amp;audio, 0, sizeof (audio));
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-G-AUDIO;, &amp;audio)) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_G_AUDIO");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+printf ("Current input: %s\n", audio.name);
+      </programlisting>
+    </example>
+
+    <example>
+      <title>Switching to the first audio input</title>
+
+      <programlisting>
+&v4l2-audio; audio;
+
+memset (&amp;audio, 0, sizeof (audio)); /* clear audio.mode, audio.reserved */
+
+audio.index = 0;
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-S-AUDIO;, &amp;audio)) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_S_AUDIO");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+      </programlisting>
+    </example>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="tuner">
+    <title>Tuners and Modulators</title>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Tuners</title>
+
+      <para>Video input devices can have one or more tuners
+demodulating a RF signal. Each tuner is associated with one or more
+video inputs, depending on the number of RF connectors on the tuner.
+The <structfield>type</structfield> field of the respective
+&v4l2-input; returned by the &VIDIOC-ENUMINPUT; ioctl is set to
+<constant>V4L2_INPUT_TYPE_TUNER</constant> and its
+<structfield>tuner</structfield> field contains the index number of
+the tuner.</para>
+
+      <para>Radio devices have exactly one tuner with index zero, no
+video inputs.</para>
+
+      <para>To query and change tuner properties applications use the
+&VIDIOC-G-TUNER; and &VIDIOC-S-TUNER; ioctl, respectively. The
+&v4l2-tuner; returned by <constant>VIDIOC_G_TUNER</constant> also
+contains signal status information applicable when the tuner of the
+current video input, or a radio tuner is queried. Note that
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_TUNER</constant> does not switch the current tuner,
+when there is more than one at all. The tuner is solely determined by
+the current video input. Drivers must support both ioctls and set the
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_TUNER</constant> flag in the &v4l2-capability;
+returned by the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl when the device has one or
+more tuners.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Modulators</title>
+
+      <para>Video output devices can have one or more modulators, uh,
+modulating a video signal for radiation or connection to the antenna
+input of a TV set or video recorder. Each modulator is associated with
+one or more video outputs, depending on the number of RF connectors on
+the modulator. The <structfield>type</structfield> field of the
+respective &v4l2-output; returned by the &VIDIOC-ENUMOUTPUT; ioctl is
+set to <constant>V4L2_OUTPUT_TYPE_MODULATOR</constant> and its
+<structfield>modulator</structfield> field contains the index number
+of the modulator. This specification does not define radio output
+devices.</para>
+
+      <para>To query and change modulator properties applications use
+the &VIDIOC-G-MODULATOR; and &VIDIOC-S-MODULATOR; ioctl. Note that
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_MODULATOR</constant> does not switch the current
+modulator, when there is more than one at all. The modulator is solely
+determined by the current video output. Drivers must support both
+ioctls and set the <constant>V4L2_CAP_MODULATOR</constant> flag in
+the &v4l2-capability; returned by the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl when the
+device has one or more modulators.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Radio Frequency</title>
+
+      <para>To get and set the tuner or modulator radio frequency
+applications use the &VIDIOC-G-FREQUENCY; and &VIDIOC-S-FREQUENCY;
+ioctl which both take a pointer to a &v4l2-frequency;. These ioctls
+are used for TV and radio devices alike. Drivers must support both
+ioctls when the tuner or modulator ioctls are supported, or
+when the device is a radio device.</para>
+    </section>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="standard">
+    <title>Video Standards</title>
+
+    <para>Video devices typically support one or more different video
+standards or variations of standards. Each video input and output may
+support another set of standards. This set is reported by the
+<structfield>std</structfield> field of &v4l2-input; and
+&v4l2-output; returned by the &VIDIOC-ENUMINPUT; and
+&VIDIOC-ENUMOUTPUT; ioctl, respectively.</para>
+
+    <para>V4L2 defines one bit for each analog video standard
+currently in use worldwide, and sets aside bits for driver defined
+standards, &eg; hybrid standards to watch NTSC video tapes on PAL TVs
+and vice versa. Applications can use the predefined bits to select a
+particular standard, although presenting the user a menu of supported
+standards is preferred. To enumerate and query the attributes of the
+supported standards applications use the &VIDIOC-ENUMSTD; ioctl.</para>
+
+    <para>Many of the defined standards are actually just variations
+of a few major standards. The hardware may in fact not distinguish
+between them, or do so internal and switch automatically. Therefore
+enumerated standards also contain sets of one or more standard
+bits.</para>
+
+    <para>Assume a hypothetic tuner capable of demodulating B/PAL,
+G/PAL and I/PAL signals. The first enumerated standard is a set of B
+and G/PAL, switched automatically depending on the selected radio
+frequency in UHF or VHF band. Enumeration gives a "PAL-B/G" or "PAL-I"
+choice. Similar a Composite input may collapse standards, enumerating
+"PAL-B/G/H/I", "NTSC-M" and "SECAM-D/K".<footnote>
+        <para>Some users are already confused by technical terms PAL,
+NTSC and SECAM. There is no point asking them to distinguish between
+B, G, D, or K when the software or hardware can do that
+automatically.</para>
+    </footnote></para>
+
+    <para>To query and select the standard used by the current video
+input or output applications call the &VIDIOC-G-STD; and
+&VIDIOC-S-STD; ioctl, respectively. The <emphasis>received</emphasis>
+standard can be sensed with the &VIDIOC-QUERYSTD; ioctl. Note parameter of all these ioctls is a pointer to a &v4l2-std-id; type (a standard set), <emphasis>not</emphasis> an index into the standard enumeration.<footnote>
+        <para>An alternative to the current scheme is to use pointers
+to indices as arguments of <constant>VIDIOC_G_STD</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_STD</constant>, the &v4l2-input; and
+&v4l2-output; <structfield>std</structfield> field would be a set of
+indices like <structfield>audioset</structfield>.</para>
+        <para>Indices are consistent with the rest of the API
+and identify the standard unambiguously. In the present scheme of
+things an enumerated standard is looked up by &v4l2-std-id;. Now the
+standards supported by the inputs of a device can overlap. Just
+assume the tuner and composite input in the example above both
+exist on a device. An enumeration of "PAL-B/G", "PAL-H/I" suggests
+a choice which does not exist. We cannot merge or omit sets, because
+applications would be unable to find the standards reported by
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_STD</constant>. That leaves separate enumerations
+for each input. Also selecting a standard by &v4l2-std-id; can be
+ambiguous. Advantage of this method is that applications need not
+identify the standard indirectly, after enumerating.</para><para>So in
+summary, the lookup itself is unavoidable. The difference is only
+whether the lookup is necessary to find an enumerated standard or to
+switch to a standard by &v4l2-std-id;.</para>
+      </footnote> Drivers must implement all video standard ioctls
+when the device has one or more video inputs or outputs.</para>
+
+    <para>Special rules apply to USB cameras where the notion of video
+standards makes little sense. More generally any capture device,
+output devices accordingly, which is <itemizedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>incapable of capturing fields or frames at the nominal
+rate of the video standard, or</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>where <link linkend="buffer">timestamps</link> refer
+to the instant the field or frame was received by the driver, not the
+capture time, or</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>where <link linkend="buffer">sequence numbers</link>
+refer to the frames received by the driver, not the captured
+frames.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </itemizedlist> Here the driver shall set the
+<structfield>std</structfield> field of &v4l2-input; and &v4l2-output;
+to zero, the <constant>VIDIOC_G_STD</constant>,
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_STD</constant>,
+<constant>VIDIOC_QUERYSTD</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_ENUMSTD</constant> ioctls shall return the
+&EINVAL;.<footnote>
+        <para>See <xref linkend="buffer" /> for a rationale. Probably
+even USB cameras follow some well known video standard. It might have
+been better to explicitly indicate elsewhere if a device cannot live
+up to normal expectations, instead of this exception.</para>
+            </footnote></para>
+
+    <example>
+      <title>Information about the current video standard</title>
+
+      <programlisting>
+&v4l2-std-id; std_id;
+&v4l2-standard; standard;
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-G-STD;, &amp;std_id)) {
+        /* Note when VIDIOC_ENUMSTD always returns EINVAL this
+           is no video device or it falls under the USB exception,
+           and VIDIOC_G_STD returning EINVAL is no error. */
+
+        perror ("VIDIOC_G_STD");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+memset (&amp;standard, 0, sizeof (standard));
+standard.index = 0;
+
+while (0 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-ENUMSTD;, &amp;standard)) {
+        if (standard.id &amp; std_id) {
+               printf ("Current video standard: %s\n", standard.name);
+               exit (EXIT_SUCCESS);
+        }
+
+        standard.index++;
+}
+
+/* EINVAL indicates the end of the enumeration, which cannot be
+   empty unless this device falls under the USB exception. */
+
+if (errno == EINVAL || standard.index == 0) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_ENUMSTD");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+      </programlisting>
+    </example>
+
+    <example>
+      <title>Listing the video standards supported by the current
+input</title>
+
+      <programlisting>
+&v4l2-input; input;
+&v4l2-standard; standard;
+
+memset (&amp;input, 0, sizeof (input));
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-G-INPUT;, &amp;input.index)) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_G_INPUT");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-ENUMINPUT;, &amp;input)) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_ENUM_INPUT");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+printf ("Current input %s supports:\n", input.name);
+
+memset (&amp;standard, 0, sizeof (standard));
+standard.index = 0;
+
+while (0 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-ENUMSTD;, &amp;standard)) {
+        if (standard.id &amp; input.std)
+                printf ("%s\n", standard.name);
+
+        standard.index++;
+}
+
+/* EINVAL indicates the end of the enumeration, which cannot be
+   empty unless this device falls under the USB exception. */
+
+if (errno != EINVAL || standard.index == 0) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_ENUMSTD");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+      </programlisting>
+    </example>
+
+    <example>
+      <title>Selecting a new video standard</title>
+
+      <programlisting>
+&v4l2-input; input;
+&v4l2-std-id; std_id;
+
+memset (&amp;input, 0, sizeof (input));
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-G-INPUT;, &amp;input.index)) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_G_INPUT");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-ENUMINPUT;, &amp;input)) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_ENUM_INPUT");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+if (0 == (input.std &amp; V4L2_STD_PAL_BG)) {
+        fprintf (stderr, "Oops. B/G PAL is not supported.\n");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+/* Note this is also supposed to work when only B
+   <emphasis>or</emphasis> G/PAL is supported. */
+
+std_id = V4L2_STD_PAL_BG;
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-S-STD;, &amp;std_id)) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_S_STD");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+      </programlisting>
+    </example>
+  </section>
+
+  &sub-controls;
+
+  <section id="format">
+    <title>Data Formats</title>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Data Format Negotiation</title>
+
+      <para>Different devices exchange different kinds of data with
+applications, for example video images, raw or sliced VBI data, RDS
+datagrams. Even within one kind many different formats are possible,
+in particular an abundance of image formats. Although drivers must
+provide a default and the selection persists across closing and
+reopening a device, applications should always negotiate a data format
+before engaging in data exchange. Negotiation means the application
+asks for a particular format and the driver selects and reports the
+best the hardware can do to satisfy the request. Of course
+applications can also just query the current selection.</para>
+
+      <para>A single mechanism exists to negotiate all data formats
+using the aggregate &v4l2-format; and the &VIDIOC-G-FMT; and
+&VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctls. Additionally the &VIDIOC-TRY-FMT; ioctl can be
+used to examine what the hardware <emphasis>could</emphasis> do,
+without actually selecting a new data format. The data formats
+supported by the V4L2 API are covered in the respective device section
+in <xref linkend="devices" />. For a closer look at image formats see
+<xref linkend="pixfmt" />.</para>
+
+      <para>The <constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> ioctl is a major
+turning-point in the initialization sequence. Prior to this point
+multiple panel applications can access the same device concurrently to
+select the current input, change controls or modify other properties.
+The first <constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> assigns a logical stream
+(video data, VBI data etc.) exclusively to one file descriptor.</para>
+
+      <para>Exclusive means no other application, more precisely no
+other file descriptor, can grab this stream or change device
+properties inconsistent with the negotiated parameters. A video
+standard change for example, when the new standard uses a different
+number of scan lines, can invalidate the selected image format.
+Therefore only the file descriptor owning the stream can make
+invalidating changes. Accordingly multiple file descriptors which
+grabbed different logical streams prevent each other from interfering
+with their settings. When for example video overlay is about to start
+or already in progress, simultaneous video capturing may be restricted
+to the same cropping and image size.</para>
+
+      <para>When applications omit the
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> ioctl its locking side effects are
+implied by the next step, the selection of an I/O method with the
+&VIDIOC-REQBUFS; ioctl or implicit with the first &func-read; or
+&func-write; call.</para>
+
+      <para>Generally only one logical stream can be assigned to a
+file descriptor, the exception being drivers permitting simultaneous
+video capturing and overlay using the same file descriptor for
+compatibility with V4L and earlier versions of V4L2. Switching the
+logical stream or returning into "panel mode" is possible by closing
+and reopening the device. Drivers <emphasis>may</emphasis> support a
+switch using <constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant>.</para>
+
+      <para>All drivers exchanging data with
+applications must support the <constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> ioctl. Implementation of the
+<constant>VIDIOC_TRY_FMT</constant> is highly recommended but
+optional.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Image Format Enumeration</title>
+
+      <para>Apart of the generic format negotiation functions
+a special ioctl to enumerate all image formats supported by video
+capture, overlay or output devices is available.<footnote>
+          <para>Enumerating formats an application has no a-priori
+knowledge of (otherwise it could explicitly ask for them and need not
+enumerate) seems useless, but there are applications serving as proxy
+between drivers and the actual video applications for which this is
+useful.</para>
+        </footnote></para>
+
+      <para>The &VIDIOC-ENUM-FMT; ioctl must be supported
+by all drivers exchanging image data with applications.</para>
+
+      <important>
+        <para>Drivers are not supposed to convert image formats in
+kernel space. They must enumerate only formats directly supported by
+the hardware. If necessary driver writers should publish an example
+conversion routine or library for integration into applications.</para>
+      </important>
+    </section>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="crop">
+    <title>Image Cropping, Insertion and Scaling</title>
+
+    <para>Some video capture devices can sample a subsection of the
+picture and shrink or enlarge it to an image of arbitrary size. We
+call these abilities cropping and scaling. Some video output devices
+can scale an image up or down and insert it at an arbitrary scan line
+and horizontal offset into a video signal.</para>
+
+    <para>Applications can use the following API to select an area in
+the video signal, query the default area and the hardware limits.
+<emphasis>Despite their name, the &VIDIOC-CROPCAP;, &VIDIOC-G-CROP;
+and &VIDIOC-S-CROP; ioctls apply to input as well as output
+devices.</emphasis></para>
+
+    <para>Scaling requires a source and a target. On a video capture
+or overlay device the source is the video signal, and the cropping
+ioctls determine the area actually sampled. The target are images
+read by the application or overlaid onto the graphics screen. Their
+size (and position for an overlay) is negotiated with the
+&VIDIOC-G-FMT; and &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctls.</para>
+
+    <para>On a video output device the source are the images passed in
+by the application, and their size is again negotiated with the
+<constant>VIDIOC_G/S_FMT</constant> ioctls, or may be encoded in a
+compressed video stream. The target is the video signal, and the
+cropping ioctls determine the area where the images are
+inserted.</para>
+
+    <para>Source and target rectangles are defined even if the device
+does not support scaling or the <constant>VIDIOC_G/S_CROP</constant>
+ioctls. Their size (and position where applicable) will be fixed in
+this case. <emphasis>All capture and output device must support the
+<constant>VIDIOC_CROPCAP</constant> ioctl such that applications can
+determine if scaling takes place.</emphasis></para>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Cropping Structures</title>
+
+      <figure id="crop-scale">
+        <title>Image Cropping, Insertion and Scaling</title>
+        <mediaobject>
+          <imageobject>
+            <imagedata fileref="crop.pdf" format="PS" />
+          </imageobject>
+          <imageobject>
+            <imagedata fileref="crop.gif" format="GIF" />
+          </imageobject>
+          <textobject>
+            <phrase>The cropping, insertion and scaling process</phrase>
+          </textobject>
+        </mediaobject>
+      </figure>
+
+      <para>For capture devices the coordinates of the top left
+corner, width and height of the area which can be sampled is given by
+the <structfield>bounds</structfield> substructure of the
+&v4l2-cropcap; returned by the <constant>VIDIOC_CROPCAP</constant>
+ioctl. To support a wide range of hardware this specification does not
+define an origin or units. However by convention drivers should
+horizontally count unscaled samples relative to 0H (the leading edge
+of the horizontal sync pulse, see <xref linkend="vbi-hsync" />).
+Vertically ITU-R line
+numbers of the first field (<xref linkend="vbi-525" />, <xref
+linkend="vbi-625" />), multiplied by two if the driver can capture both
+fields.</para>
+
+      <para>The top left corner, width and height of the source
+rectangle, that is the area actually sampled, is given by &v4l2-crop;
+using the same coordinate system as &v4l2-cropcap;. Applications can
+use the <constant>VIDIOC_G_CROP</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_CROP</constant> ioctls to get and set this
+rectangle. It must lie completely within the capture boundaries and
+the driver may further adjust the requested size and/or position
+according to hardware limitations.</para>
+
+      <para>Each capture device has a default source rectangle, given
+by the <structfield>defrect</structfield> substructure of
+&v4l2-cropcap;. The center of this rectangle shall align with the
+center of the active picture area of the video signal, and cover what
+the driver writer considers the complete picture. Drivers shall reset
+the source rectangle to the default when the driver is first loaded,
+but not later.</para>
+
+      <para>For output devices these structures and ioctls are used
+accordingly, defining the <emphasis>target</emphasis> rectangle where
+the images will be inserted into the video signal.</para>
+
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Scaling Adjustments</title>
+
+      <para>Video hardware can have various cropping, insertion and
+scaling limitations. It may only scale up or down, support only
+discrete scaling factors, or have different scaling abilities in
+horizontal and vertical direction. Also it may not support scaling at
+all. At the same time the &v4l2-crop; rectangle may have to be
+aligned, and both the source and target rectangles may have arbitrary
+upper and lower size limits. In particular the maximum
+<structfield>width</structfield> and <structfield>height</structfield>
+in &v4l2-crop; may be smaller than the
+&v4l2-cropcap;.<structfield>bounds</structfield> area. Therefore, as
+usual, drivers are expected to adjust the requested parameters and
+return the actual values selected.</para>
+
+      <para>Applications can change the source or the target rectangle
+first, as they may prefer a particular image size or a certain area in
+the video signal. If the driver has to adjust both to satisfy hardware
+limitations, the last requested rectangle shall take priority, and the
+driver should preferably adjust the opposite one. The &VIDIOC-TRY-FMT;
+ioctl however shall not change the driver state and therefore only
+adjust the requested rectangle.</para>
+
+      <para>Suppose scaling on a video capture device is restricted to
+a factor 1:1 or 2:1 in either direction and the target image size must
+be a multiple of 16&nbsp;&times;&nbsp;16 pixels. The source cropping
+rectangle is set to defaults, which are also the upper limit in this
+example, of 640&nbsp;&times;&nbsp;400 pixels at offset 0,&nbsp;0. An
+application requests an image size of 300&nbsp;&times;&nbsp;225
+pixels, assuming video will be scaled down from the "full picture"
+accordingly. The driver sets the image size to the closest possible
+values 304&nbsp;&times;&nbsp;224, then chooses the cropping rectangle
+closest to the requested size, that is 608&nbsp;&times;&nbsp;224
+(224&nbsp;&times;&nbsp;2:1 would exceed the limit 400). The offset
+0,&nbsp;0 is still valid, thus unmodified. Given the default cropping
+rectangle reported by <constant>VIDIOC_CROPCAP</constant> the
+application can easily propose another offset to center the cropping
+rectangle.</para>
+
+      <para>Now the application may insist on covering an area using a
+picture aspect ratio closer to the original request, so it asks for a
+cropping rectangle of 608&nbsp;&times;&nbsp;456 pixels. The present
+scaling factors limit cropping to 640&nbsp;&times;&nbsp;384, so the
+driver returns the cropping size 608&nbsp;&times;&nbsp;384 and adjusts
+the image size to closest possible 304&nbsp;&times;&nbsp;192.</para>
+
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Examples</title>
+
+      <para>Source and target rectangles shall remain unchanged across
+closing and reopening a device, such that piping data into or out of a
+device will work without special preparations. More advanced
+applications should ensure the parameters are suitable before starting
+I/O.</para>
+
+      <example>
+        <title>Resetting the cropping parameters</title>
+
+        <para>(A video capture device is assumed; change
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant> for other
+devices.)</para>
+
+        <programlisting>
+&v4l2-cropcap; cropcap;
+&v4l2-crop; crop;
+
+memset (&amp;cropcap, 0, sizeof (cropcap));
+cropcap.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-CROPCAP;, &amp;cropcap)) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_CROPCAP");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+memset (&amp;crop, 0, sizeof (crop));
+crop.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+crop.c = cropcap.defrect;
+
+/* Ignore if cropping is not supported (EINVAL). */
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-S-CROP;, &amp;crop)
+    &amp;&amp; errno != EINVAL) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_S_CROP");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+      </programlisting>
+      </example>
+
+      <example>
+        <title>Simple downscaling</title>
+
+        <para>(A video capture device is assumed.)</para>
+
+        <programlisting>
+&v4l2-cropcap; cropcap;
+&v4l2-format; format;
+
+reset_cropping_parameters ();
+
+/* Scale down to 1/4 size of full picture. */
+
+memset (&amp;format, 0, sizeof (format)); /* defaults */
+
+format.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+
+format.fmt.pix.width = cropcap.defrect.width &gt;&gt; 1;
+format.fmt.pix.height = cropcap.defrect.height &gt;&gt; 1;
+format.fmt.pix.pixelformat = V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV;
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-S-FMT;, &amp;format)) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_S_FORMAT");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+/* We could check the actual image size now, the actual scaling factor
+   or if the driver can scale at all. */
+        </programlisting>
+      </example>
+
+      <example>
+        <title>Selecting an output area</title>
+
+        <programlisting>
+&v4l2-cropcap; cropcap;
+&v4l2-crop; crop;
+
+memset (&amp;cropcap, 0, sizeof (cropcap));
+cropcap.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT;
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, VIDIOC_CROPCAP;, &amp;cropcap)) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_CROPCAP");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+memset (&amp;crop, 0, sizeof (crop));
+
+crop.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT;
+crop.c = cropcap.defrect;
+
+/* Scale the width and height to 50 % of their original size
+   and center the output. */
+
+crop.c.width /= 2;
+crop.c.height /= 2;
+crop.c.left += crop.c.width / 2;
+crop.c.top += crop.c.height / 2;
+
+/* Ignore if cropping is not supported (EINVAL). */
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, VIDIOC_S_CROP, &amp;crop)
+    &amp;&amp; errno != EINVAL) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_S_CROP");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+</programlisting>
+      </example>
+
+      <example>
+        <title>Current scaling factor and pixel aspect</title>
+
+        <para>(A video capture device is assumed.)</para>
+
+        <programlisting>
+&v4l2-cropcap; cropcap;
+&v4l2-crop; crop;
+&v4l2-format; format;
+double hscale, vscale;
+double aspect;
+int dwidth, dheight;
+
+memset (&amp;cropcap, 0, sizeof (cropcap));
+cropcap.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-CROPCAP;, &amp;cropcap)) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_CROPCAP");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+memset (&amp;crop, 0, sizeof (crop));
+crop.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-G-CROP;, &amp;crop)) {
+        if (errno != EINVAL) {
+                perror ("VIDIOC_G_CROP");
+                exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+
+        /* Cropping not supported. */
+        crop.c = cropcap.defrect;
+}
+
+memset (&amp;format, 0, sizeof (format));
+format.fmt.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-G-FMT;, &amp;format)) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_G_FMT");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+/* The scaling applied by the driver. */
+
+hscale = format.fmt.pix.width / (double) crop.c.width;
+vscale = format.fmt.pix.height / (double) crop.c.height;
+
+aspect = cropcap.pixelaspect.numerator /
+         (double) cropcap.pixelaspect.denominator;
+aspect = aspect * hscale / vscale;
+
+/* Devices following ITU-R BT.601 do not capture
+   square pixels. For playback on a computer monitor
+   we should scale the images to this size. */
+
+dwidth = format.fmt.pix.width / aspect;
+dheight = format.fmt.pix.height;
+        </programlisting>
+      </example>
+    </section>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="streaming-par">
+    <title>Streaming Parameters</title>
+
+    <para>Streaming parameters are intended to optimize the video
+capture process as well as I/O. Presently applications can request a
+high quality capture mode with the &VIDIOC-S-PARM; ioctl.</para>
+
+    <para>The current video standard determines a nominal number of
+frames per second. If less than this number of frames is to be
+captured or output, applications can request frame skipping or
+duplicating on the driver side. This is especially useful when using
+the &func-read; or &func-write;, which are not augmented by timestamps
+or sequence counters, and to avoid unneccessary data copying.</para>
+
+    <para>Finally these ioctls can be used to determine the number of
+buffers used internally by a driver in read/write mode. For
+implications see the section discussing the &func-read;
+function.</para>
+
+    <para>To get and set the streaming parameters applications call
+the &VIDIOC-G-PARM; and &VIDIOC-S-PARM; ioctl, respectively. They take
+a pointer to a &v4l2-streamparm;, which contains a union holding
+separate parameters for input and output devices.</para>
+
+    <para>These ioctls are optional, drivers need not implement
+them. If so, they return the &EINVAL;.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/compat.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/compat.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..4d1902a54d61
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/compat.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,2457 @@
+  <title>Changes</title>
+
+  <para>The following chapters document the evolution of the V4L2 API,
+errata or extensions. They are also intended to help application and
+driver writers to port or update their code.</para>
+
+  <section id="diff-v4l">
+    <title>Differences between V4L and V4L2</title>
+
+    <para>The Video For Linux API was first introduced in Linux 2.1 to
+unify and replace various TV and radio device related interfaces,
+developed independently by driver writers in prior years. Starting
+with Linux 2.5 the much improved V4L2 API replaces the V4L API,
+although existing drivers will continue to support V4L applications in
+the future, either directly or through the V4L2 compatibility layer in
+the <filename>videodev</filename> kernel module translating ioctls on
+the fly. For a transition period not all drivers will support the V4L2
+API.</para>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Opening and Closing Devices</title>
+
+      <para>For compatibility reasons the character device file names
+recommended for V4L2 video capture, overlay, radio, teletext and raw
+vbi capture devices did not change from those used by V4L. They are
+listed in <xref linkend="devices" /> and below in <xref
+          linkend="v4l-dev" />.</para>
+
+      <para>The V4L <filename>videodev</filename> module automatically
+assigns minor numbers to drivers in load order, depending on the
+registered device type. We recommend that V4L2 drivers by default
+register devices with the same numbers, but the system administrator
+can assign arbitrary minor numbers using driver module options. The
+major device number remains 81.</para>
+
+      <table id="v4l-dev">
+        <title>V4L Device Types, Names and Numbers</title>
+        <tgroup cols="3">
+          <thead>
+            <row>
+              <entry>Device Type</entry>
+              <entry>File Name</entry>
+              <entry>Minor Numbers</entry>
+            </row>
+          </thead>
+          <tbody valign="top">
+            <row>
+              <entry>Video capture and overlay</entry>
+              <entry><para><filename>/dev/video</filename> and
+<filename>/dev/bttv0</filename><footnote> <para>According to
+Documentation/devices.txt these should be symbolic links to
+<filename>/dev/video0</filename>. Note the original bttv interface is
+not compatible with V4L or V4L2.</para> </footnote>,
+<filename>/dev/video0</filename> to
+<filename>/dev/video63</filename></para></entry>
+              <entry>0-63</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry>Radio receiver</entry>
+              <entry><para><filename>/dev/radio</filename><footnote>
+                    <para>According to
+<filename>Documentation/devices.txt</filename> a symbolic link to
+<filename>/dev/radio0</filename>.</para>
+                  </footnote>, <filename>/dev/radio0</filename> to
+<filename>/dev/radio63</filename></para></entry>
+              <entry>64-127</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry>Teletext decoder</entry>
+              <entry><para><filename>/dev/vtx</filename>,
+<filename>/dev/vtx0</filename> to
+<filename>/dev/vtx31</filename></para></entry>
+              <entry>192-223</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry>Raw VBI capture</entry>
+              <entry><para><filename>/dev/vbi</filename>,
+<filename>/dev/vbi0</filename> to
+<filename>/dev/vbi31</filename></para></entry>
+              <entry>224-255</entry>
+            </row>
+          </tbody>
+        </tgroup>
+      </table>
+
+      <para>V4L prohibits (or used to prohibit) multiple opens of a
+device file. V4L2 drivers <emphasis>may</emphasis> support multiple
+opens, see <xref linkend="open" /> for details and consequences.</para>
+
+      <para>V4L drivers respond to V4L2 ioctls with an &EINVAL;. The
+compatibility layer in the V4L2 <filename>videodev</filename> module
+can translate V4L ioctl requests to their V4L2 counterpart, however a
+V4L2 driver usually needs more preparation to become fully V4L
+compatible. This is covered in more detail in <xref
+          linkend="driver" />.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Querying Capabilities</title>
+
+      <para>The V4L <constant>VIDIOCGCAP</constant> ioctl is
+equivalent to V4L2's &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP;.</para>
+
+      <para>The <structfield>name</structfield> field in struct
+<structname>video_capability</structname> became
+<structfield>card</structfield> in &v4l2-capability;,
+<structfield>type</structfield> was replaced by
+<structfield>capabilities</structfield>. Note V4L2 does not
+distinguish between device types like this, better think of basic
+video input, video output and radio devices supporting a set of
+related functions like video capturing, video overlay and VBI
+capturing. See <xref linkend="open" /> for an
+introduction.<informaltable>
+          <tgroup cols="3">
+            <thead>
+              <row>
+                <entry>struct
+<structname>video_capability</structname>
+<structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+                <entry>&v4l2-capability;
+<structfield>capabilities</structfield> flags</entry>
+                <entry>Purpose</entry>
+              </row>
+            </thead>
+            <tbody valign="top">
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VID_TYPE_CAPTURE</constant></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant></entry>
+                <entry>The <link linkend="capture">video
+capture</link> interface is supported.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VID_TYPE_TUNER</constant></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_TUNER</constant></entry>
+                <entry>The device has a <link linkend="tuner">tuner or
+modulator</link>.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VID_TYPE_TELETEXT</constant></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_VBI_CAPTURE</constant></entry>
+                <entry>The <link linkend="raw-vbi">raw VBI
+capture</link> interface is supported.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VID_TYPE_OVERLAY</constant></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OVERLAY</constant></entry>
+                <entry>The <link linkend="overlay">video
+overlay</link> interface is supported.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VID_TYPE_CHROMAKEY</constant></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_FBUF_CAP_CHROMAKEY</constant> in
+field <structfield>capability</structfield> of
+&v4l2-framebuffer;</entry>
+                <entry>Whether chromakey overlay is supported. For
+more information on overlay see
+<xref linkend="overlay" />.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VID_TYPE_CLIPPING</constant></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_FBUF_CAP_LIST_CLIPPING</constant>
+and <constant>V4L2_FBUF_CAP_BITMAP_CLIPPING</constant> in field
+<structfield>capability</structfield> of &v4l2-framebuffer;</entry>
+                <entry>Whether clipping the overlaid image is
+supported, see <xref linkend="overlay" />.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VID_TYPE_FRAMERAM</constant></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_FBUF_CAP_EXTERNOVERLAY</constant>
+<emphasis>not set</emphasis> in field
+<structfield>capability</structfield> of &v4l2-framebuffer;</entry>
+                <entry>Whether overlay overwrites frame buffer memory,
+see <xref linkend="overlay" />.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VID_TYPE_SCALES</constant></entry>
+                <entry><constant>-</constant></entry>
+                <entry>This flag indicates if the hardware can scale
+images. The V4L2 API implies the scale factor by setting the cropping
+dimensions and image size with the &VIDIOC-S-CROP; and &VIDIOC-S-FMT;
+ioctl, respectively. The driver returns the closest sizes possible.
+For more information on cropping and scaling see <xref
+                    linkend="crop" />.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VID_TYPE_MONOCHROME</constant></entry>
+                <entry><constant>-</constant></entry>
+                <entry>Applications can enumerate the supported image
+formats with the &VIDIOC-ENUM-FMT; ioctl to determine if the device
+supports grey scale capturing only. For more information on image
+formats see <xref linkend="pixfmt" />.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VID_TYPE_SUBCAPTURE</constant></entry>
+                <entry><constant>-</constant></entry>
+                <entry>Applications can call the &VIDIOC-G-CROP; ioctl
+to determine if the device supports capturing a subsection of the full
+picture ("cropping" in V4L2). If not, the ioctl returns the &EINVAL;.
+For more information on cropping and scaling see <xref
+                    linkend="crop" />.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VID_TYPE_MPEG_DECODER</constant></entry>
+                <entry><constant>-</constant></entry>
+                <entry>Applications can enumerate the supported image
+formats with the &VIDIOC-ENUM-FMT; ioctl to determine if the device
+supports MPEG streams.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VID_TYPE_MPEG_ENCODER</constant></entry>
+                <entry><constant>-</constant></entry>
+                <entry>See above.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VID_TYPE_MJPEG_DECODER</constant></entry>
+                <entry><constant>-</constant></entry>
+                <entry>See above.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VID_TYPE_MJPEG_ENCODER</constant></entry>
+                <entry><constant>-</constant></entry>
+                <entry>See above.</entry>
+              </row>
+            </tbody>
+          </tgroup>
+        </informaltable></para>
+
+      <para>The <structfield>audios</structfield> field was replaced
+by <structfield>capabilities</structfield> flag
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_AUDIO</constant>, indicating
+<emphasis>if</emphasis> the device has any audio inputs or outputs. To
+determine their number applications can enumerate audio inputs with
+the &VIDIOC-G-AUDIO; ioctl. The audio ioctls are described in <xref
+          linkend="audio" />.</para>
+
+      <para>The <structfield>maxwidth</structfield>,
+<structfield>maxheight</structfield>,
+<structfield>minwidth</structfield> and
+<structfield>minheight</structfield> fields were removed. Calling the
+&VIDIOC-S-FMT; or &VIDIOC-TRY-FMT; ioctl with the desired dimensions
+returns the closest size possible, taking into account the current
+video standard, cropping and scaling limitations.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Video Sources</title>
+
+      <para>V4L provides the <constant>VIDIOCGCHAN</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOCSCHAN</constant> ioctl using struct
+<structname>video_channel</structname> to enumerate
+the video inputs of a V4L device. The equivalent V4L2 ioctls
+are &VIDIOC-ENUMINPUT;, &VIDIOC-G-INPUT; and &VIDIOC-S-INPUT;
+using &v4l2-input; as discussed in <xref linkend="video" />.</para>
+
+      <para>The <structfield>channel</structfield> field counting
+inputs was renamed to <structfield>index</structfield>, the video
+input types were renamed as follows: <informaltable>
+          <tgroup cols="2">
+            <thead>
+              <row>
+                <entry>struct <structname>video_channel</structname>
+<structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+                <entry>&v4l2-input;
+<structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+              </row>
+            </thead>
+            <tbody valign="top">
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VIDEO_TYPE_TV</constant></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_INPUT_TYPE_TUNER</constant></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VIDEO_TYPE_CAMERA</constant></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_INPUT_TYPE_CAMERA</constant></entry>
+              </row>
+            </tbody>
+          </tgroup>
+        </informaltable></para>
+
+      <para>Unlike the <structfield>tuners</structfield> field
+expressing the number of tuners of this input, V4L2 assumes each video
+input is connected to at most one tuner. However a tuner can have more
+than one input, &ie; RF connectors, and a device can have multiple
+tuners. The index number of the tuner associated with the input, if
+any, is stored in field <structfield>tuner</structfield> of
+&v4l2-input;. Enumeration of tuners is discussed in <xref
+          linkend="tuner" />.</para>
+
+      <para>The redundant <constant>VIDEO_VC_TUNER</constant> flag was
+dropped. Video inputs associated with a tuner are of type
+<constant>V4L2_INPUT_TYPE_TUNER</constant>. The
+<constant>VIDEO_VC_AUDIO</constant> flag was replaced by the
+<structfield>audioset</structfield> field. V4L2 considers devices with
+up to 32 audio inputs. Each set bit in the
+<structfield>audioset</structfield> field represents one audio input
+this video input combines with. For information about audio inputs and
+how to switch between them see <xref linkend="audio" />.</para>
+
+      <para>The <structfield>norm</structfield> field describing the
+supported video standards was replaced by
+<structfield>std</structfield>. The V4L specification mentions a flag
+<constant>VIDEO_VC_NORM</constant> indicating whether the standard can
+be changed. This flag was a later addition together with the
+<structfield>norm</structfield> field and has been removed in the
+meantime. V4L2 has a similar, albeit more comprehensive approach
+to video standards, see <xref linkend="standard" /> for more
+information.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Tuning</title>
+
+      <para>The V4L <constant>VIDIOCGTUNER</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOCSTUNER</constant> ioctl and struct
+<structname>video_tuner</structname> can be used to enumerate the
+tuners of a V4L TV or radio device. The equivalent V4L2 ioctls are
+&VIDIOC-G-TUNER; and &VIDIOC-S-TUNER; using &v4l2-tuner;. Tuners are
+covered in <xref linkend="tuner" />.</para>
+
+      <para>The <structfield>tuner</structfield> field counting tuners
+was renamed to <structfield>index</structfield>. The fields
+<structfield>name</structfield>, <structfield>rangelow</structfield>
+and <structfield>rangehigh</structfield> remained unchanged.</para>
+
+      <para>The <constant>VIDEO_TUNER_PAL</constant>,
+<constant>VIDEO_TUNER_NTSC</constant> and
+<constant>VIDEO_TUNER_SECAM</constant> flags indicating the supported
+video standards were dropped. This information is now contained in the
+associated &v4l2-input;. No replacement exists for the
+<constant>VIDEO_TUNER_NORM</constant> flag indicating whether the
+video standard can be switched. The <structfield>mode</structfield>
+field to select a different video standard was replaced by a whole new
+set of ioctls and structures described in <xref linkend="standard" />.
+Due to its ubiquity it should be mentioned the BTTV driver supports
+several standards in addition to the regular
+<constant>VIDEO_MODE_PAL</constant> (0),
+<constant>VIDEO_MODE_NTSC</constant>,
+<constant>VIDEO_MODE_SECAM</constant> and
+<constant>VIDEO_MODE_AUTO</constant> (3). Namely N/PAL Argentina,
+M/PAL, N/PAL, and NTSC Japan with numbers 3-6 (sic).</para>
+
+      <para>The <constant>VIDEO_TUNER_STEREO_ON</constant> flag
+indicating stereo reception became
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_STEREO</constant> in field
+<structfield>rxsubchans</structfield>. This field also permits the
+detection of monaural and bilingual audio, see the definition of
+&v4l2-tuner; for details. Presently no replacement exists for the
+<constant>VIDEO_TUNER_RDS_ON</constant> and
+<constant>VIDEO_TUNER_MBS_ON</constant> flags.</para>
+
+      <para> The <constant>VIDEO_TUNER_LOW</constant> flag was renamed
+to <constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LOW</constant> in the &v4l2-tuner;
+<structfield>capability</structfield> field.</para>
+
+      <para>The <constant>VIDIOCGFREQ</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOCSFREQ</constant> ioctl to change the tuner frequency
+where renamed to &VIDIOC-G-FREQUENCY; and  &VIDIOC-S-FREQUENCY;. They
+take a pointer to a &v4l2-frequency; instead of an unsigned long
+integer.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section id="v4l-image-properties">
+      <title>Image Properties</title>
+
+      <para>V4L2 has no equivalent of the
+<constant>VIDIOCGPICT</constant> and <constant>VIDIOCSPICT</constant>
+ioctl and struct <structname>video_picture</structname>. The following
+fields where replaced by V4L2 controls accessible with the
+&VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL;, &VIDIOC-G-CTRL; and &VIDIOC-S-CTRL; ioctls:<informaltable>
+          <tgroup cols="2">
+            <thead>
+              <row>
+                <entry>struct <structname>video_picture</structname></entry>
+                <entry>V4L2 Control ID</entry>
+              </row>
+            </thead>
+            <tbody valign="top">
+              <row>
+                <entry><structfield>brightness</structfield></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_BRIGHTNESS</constant></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><structfield>hue</structfield></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_HUE</constant></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><structfield>colour</structfield></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_SATURATION</constant></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><structfield>contrast</structfield></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_CONTRAST</constant></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><structfield>whiteness</structfield></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_WHITENESS</constant></entry>
+              </row>
+            </tbody>
+          </tgroup>
+        </informaltable></para>
+
+      <para>The V4L picture controls are assumed to range from 0 to
+65535 with no particular reset value. The V4L2 API permits arbitrary
+limits and defaults which can be queried with the &VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL;
+ioctl. For general information about controls see <xref
+linkend="control" />.</para>
+
+      <para>The <structfield>depth</structfield> (average number of
+bits per pixel) of a video image is implied by the selected image
+format. V4L2 does not explicitely provide such information assuming
+applications recognizing the format are aware of the image depth and
+others need not know. The <structfield>palette</structfield> field
+moved into the &v4l2-pix-format;:<informaltable>
+          <tgroup cols="2">
+            <thead>
+              <row>
+                <entry>struct <structname>video_picture</structname>
+<structfield>palette</structfield></entry>
+                <entry>&v4l2-pix-format;
+<structfield>pixfmt</structfield></entry>
+              </row>
+            </thead>
+            <tbody valign="top">
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_GREY</constant></entry>
+                <entry><para><link
+linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-GREY"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_GREY</constant></link></para></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_HI240</constant></entry>
+                <entry><para><link
+linkend="pixfmt-reserved"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_HI240</constant></link><footnote>
+                      <para>This is a custom format used by the BTTV
+driver, not one of the V4L2 standard formats.</para>
+                    </footnote></para></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_RGB565</constant></entry>
+                <entry><para><link
+linkend="pixfmt-rgb"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB565</constant></link></para></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_RGB555</constant></entry>
+                <entry><para><link
+linkend="pixfmt-rgb"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB555</constant></link></para></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_RGB24</constant></entry>
+                <entry><para><link
+linkend="pixfmt-rgb"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR24</constant></link></para></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_RGB32</constant></entry>
+                <entry><para><link
+linkend="pixfmt-rgb"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR32</constant></link><footnote>
+                      <para>Presumably all V4L RGB formats are
+little-endian, although some drivers might interpret them according to machine endianess. V4L2 defines little-endian, big-endian and red/blue
+swapped variants. For details see <xref linkend="pixfmt-rgb" />.</para>
+                    </footnote></para></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_YUV422</constant></entry>
+                <entry><para><link
+linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUYV"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV</constant></link></para></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><para><constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_YUYV</constant><footnote>
+                      <para><constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_YUV422</constant>
+and <constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_YUYV</constant> are the same formats. Some
+V4L drivers respond to one, some to the other.</para>
+                    </footnote></para></entry>
+                <entry><para><link
+linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUYV"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV</constant></link></para></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_UYVY</constant></entry>
+                <entry><para><link
+linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-UYVY"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_UYVY</constant></link></para></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_YUV420</constant></entry>
+                <entry>None</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_YUV411</constant></entry>
+                <entry><para><link
+linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-Y41P"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y41P</constant></link><footnote>
+                      <para>Not to be confused with
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV411P</constant>, which is a planar
+format.</para> </footnote></para></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_RAW</constant></entry>
+                <entry><para>None<footnote> <para>V4L explains this
+as: "RAW capture (BT848)"</para> </footnote></para></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_YUV422P</constant></entry>
+                <entry><para><link
+linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV422P"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV422P</constant></link></para></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_YUV411P</constant></entry>
+                <entry><para><link
+linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV411P"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV411P</constant></link><footnote>
+                      <para>Not to be confused with
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y41P</constant>, which is a packed
+format.</para> </footnote></para></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_YUV420P</constant></entry>
+                <entry><para><link
+linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YVU420"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420</constant></link></para></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_YUV410P</constant></entry>
+                <entry><para><link
+linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YVU410"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU410</constant></link></para></entry>
+              </row>
+            </tbody>
+          </tgroup>
+        </informaltable></para>
+
+      <para>V4L2 image formats are defined in <xref
+linkend="pixfmt" />. The image format can be selected with the
+&VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Audio</title>
+
+      <para>The <constant>VIDIOCGAUDIO</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOCSAUDIO</constant> ioctl and struct
+<structname>video_audio</structname> are used to enumerate the
+audio inputs of a V4L device. The equivalent V4L2 ioctls are
+&VIDIOC-G-AUDIO; and &VIDIOC-S-AUDIO; using &v4l2-audio; as
+discussed in <xref linkend="audio" />.</para>
+
+      <para>The <structfield>audio</structfield> "channel number"
+field counting audio inputs was renamed to
+<structfield>index</structfield>.</para>
+
+      <para>On <constant>VIDIOCSAUDIO</constant> the
+<structfield>mode</structfield> field selects <emphasis>one</emphasis>
+of the <constant>VIDEO_SOUND_MONO</constant>,
+<constant>VIDEO_SOUND_STEREO</constant>,
+<constant>VIDEO_SOUND_LANG1</constant> or
+<constant>VIDEO_SOUND_LANG2</constant> audio demodulation modes. When
+the current audio standard is BTSC
+<constant>VIDEO_SOUND_LANG2</constant> refers to SAP and
+<constant>VIDEO_SOUND_LANG1</constant> is meaningless. Also
+undocumented in the V4L specification, there is no way to query the
+selected mode. On <constant>VIDIOCGAUDIO</constant> the driver returns
+the <emphasis>actually received</emphasis> audio programmes in this
+field. In the V4L2 API this information is stored in the &v4l2-tuner;
+<structfield>rxsubchans</structfield> and
+<structfield>audmode</structfield> fields, respectively. See <xref
+linkend="tuner" /> for more information on tuners. Related to audio
+modes &v4l2-audio; also reports if this is a mono or stereo
+input, regardless if the source is a tuner.</para>
+
+      <para>The following fields where replaced by V4L2 controls
+accessible with the &VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL;, &VIDIOC-G-CTRL; and
+&VIDIOC-S-CTRL; ioctls:<informaltable>
+          <tgroup cols="2">
+            <thead>
+              <row>
+                <entry>struct
+<structname>video_audio</structname></entry>
+                <entry>V4L2 Control ID</entry>
+              </row>
+            </thead>
+            <tbody valign="top">
+              <row>
+                <entry><structfield>volume</structfield></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_VOLUME</constant></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><structfield>bass</structfield></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_BASS</constant></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><structfield>treble</structfield></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_TREBLE</constant></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><structfield>balance</structfield></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_BALANCE</constant></entry>
+              </row>
+            </tbody>
+          </tgroup>
+        </informaltable></para>
+
+      <para>To determine which of these controls are supported by a
+driver V4L provides the <structfield>flags</structfield>
+<constant>VIDEO_AUDIO_VOLUME</constant>,
+<constant>VIDEO_AUDIO_BASS</constant>,
+<constant>VIDEO_AUDIO_TREBLE</constant> and
+<constant>VIDEO_AUDIO_BALANCE</constant>. In the V4L2 API the
+&VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL; ioctl reports if the respective control is
+supported. Accordingly the <constant>VIDEO_AUDIO_MUTABLE</constant>
+and <constant>VIDEO_AUDIO_MUTE</constant> flags where replaced by the
+boolean <constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_MUTE</constant> control.</para>
+
+      <para>All V4L2 controls have a <structfield>step</structfield>
+attribute replacing the struct <structname>video_audio</structname>
+<structfield>step</structfield> field. The V4L audio controls are
+assumed to range from 0 to 65535 with no particular reset value. The
+V4L2 API permits arbitrary limits and defaults which can be queried
+with the &VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL; ioctl. For general information about
+controls see <xref linkend="control" />.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Frame Buffer Overlay</title>
+
+      <para>The V4L2 ioctls equivalent to
+<constant>VIDIOCGFBUF</constant> and <constant>VIDIOCSFBUF</constant>
+are &VIDIOC-G-FBUF; and &VIDIOC-S-FBUF;. The
+<structfield>base</structfield> field of struct
+<structname>video_buffer</structname> remained unchanged, except V4L2
+defines a flag to indicate non-destructive overlays instead of a
+<constant>NULL</constant> pointer. All other fields moved into the
+&v4l2-pix-format; <structfield>fmt</structfield> substructure of
+&v4l2-framebuffer;. The <structfield>depth</structfield> field was
+replaced by <structfield>pixelformat</structfield>. See <xref
+          linkend="pixfmt-rgb" /> for a list of RGB formats and their
+respective color depths.</para>
+
+      <para>Instead of the special ioctls
+<constant>VIDIOCGWIN</constant> and <constant>VIDIOCSWIN</constant>
+V4L2 uses the general-purpose data format negotiation ioctls
+&VIDIOC-G-FMT; and &VIDIOC-S-FMT;. They take a pointer to a
+&v4l2-format; as argument. Here the <structfield>win</structfield>
+member of the <structfield>fmt</structfield> union is used, a
+&v4l2-window;.</para>
+
+      <para>The <structfield>x</structfield>,
+<structfield>y</structfield>, <structfield>width</structfield> and
+<structfield>height</structfield> fields of struct
+<structname>video_window</structname> moved into &v4l2-rect;
+substructure <structfield>w</structfield> of struct
+<structname>v4l2_window</structname>. The
+<structfield>chromakey</structfield>,
+<structfield>clips</structfield>, and
+<structfield>clipcount</structfield> fields remained unchanged. Struct
+<structname>video_clip</structname> was renamed to &v4l2-clip;, also
+containing a struct <structname>v4l2_rect</structname>, but the
+semantics are still the same.</para>
+
+      <para>The <constant>VIDEO_WINDOW_INTERLACE</constant> flag was
+dropped. Instead applications must set the
+<structfield>field</structfield> field to
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_ANY</constant> or
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED</constant>. The
+<constant>VIDEO_WINDOW_CHROMAKEY</constant> flag moved into
+&v4l2-framebuffer;, under the new name
+<constant>V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_CHROMAKEY</constant>.</para>
+
+      <para>In V4L, storing a bitmap pointer in
+<structfield>clips</structfield> and setting
+<structfield>clipcount</structfield> to
+<constant>VIDEO_CLIP_BITMAP</constant> (-1) requests bitmap
+clipping, using a fixed size bitmap of 1024 &times; 625 bits. Struct
+<structname>v4l2_window</structname> has a separate
+<structfield>bitmap</structfield> pointer field for this purpose and
+the bitmap size is determined by <structfield>w.width</structfield> and
+<structfield>w.height</structfield>.</para>
+
+      <para>The <constant>VIDIOCCAPTURE</constant> ioctl to enable or
+disable overlay was renamed to &VIDIOC-OVERLAY;.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Cropping</title>
+
+      <para>To capture only a subsection of the full picture V4L
+defines the <constant>VIDIOCGCAPTURE</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOCSCAPTURE</constant> ioctls using struct
+<structname>video_capture</structname>. The equivalent V4L2 ioctls are
+&VIDIOC-G-CROP; and &VIDIOC-S-CROP; using &v4l2-crop;, and the related
+&VIDIOC-CROPCAP; ioctl. This is a rather complex matter, see
+<xref linkend="crop" /> for details.</para>
+
+      <para>The <structfield>x</structfield>,
+<structfield>y</structfield>, <structfield>width</structfield> and
+<structfield>height</structfield> fields moved into &v4l2-rect;
+substructure <structfield>c</structfield> of struct
+<structname>v4l2_crop</structname>. The
+<structfield>decimation</structfield> field was dropped. In the V4L2
+API the scaling factor is implied by the size of the cropping
+rectangle and the size of the captured or overlaid image.</para>
+
+      <para>The <constant>VIDEO_CAPTURE_ODD</constant>
+and <constant>VIDEO_CAPTURE_EVEN</constant> flags to capture only the
+odd or even field, respectively, were replaced by
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_TOP</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_BOTTOM</constant> in the field named
+<structfield>field</structfield> of &v4l2-pix-format; and
+&v4l2-window;. These structures are used to select a capture or
+overlay format with the &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Reading Images, Memory Mapping</title>
+
+      <section>
+        <title>Capturing using the read method</title>
+
+        <para>There is no essential difference between reading images
+from a V4L or V4L2 device using the &func-read; function, however V4L2
+drivers are not required to support this I/O method. Applications can
+determine if the function is available with the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP;
+ioctl. All V4L2 devices exchanging data with applications must support
+the &func-select; and &func-poll; functions.</para>
+
+        <para>To select an image format and size, V4L provides the
+<constant>VIDIOCSPICT</constant> and <constant>VIDIOCSWIN</constant>
+ioctls. V4L2 uses the general-purpose data format negotiation ioctls
+&VIDIOC-G-FMT; and &VIDIOC-S-FMT;. They take a pointer to a
+&v4l2-format; as argument, here the &v4l2-pix-format; named
+<structfield>pix</structfield> of its <structfield>fmt</structfield>
+union is used.</para>
+
+        <para>For more information about the V4L2 read interface see
+<xref linkend="rw" />.</para>
+      </section>
+      <section>
+        <title>Capturing using memory mapping</title>
+
+        <para>Applications can read from V4L devices by mapping
+buffers in device memory, or more often just buffers allocated in
+DMA-able system memory, into their address space. This avoids the data
+copying overhead of the read method. V4L2 supports memory mapping as
+well, with a few differences.</para>
+
+        <informaltable>
+          <tgroup cols="2">
+            <thead>
+              <row>
+                <entry>V4L</entry>
+                <entry>V4L2</entry>
+              </row>
+            </thead>
+            <tbody valign="top">
+              <row>
+                <entry></entry>
+                <entry>The image format must be selected before
+buffers are allocated, with the &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl. When no format
+is selected the driver may use the last, possibly by another
+application requested format.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><para>Applications cannot change the number of
+buffers. The it is built into the driver, unless it has a module
+option to change the number when the driver module is
+loaded.</para></entry>
+                <entry><para>The &VIDIOC-REQBUFS; ioctl allocates the
+desired number of buffers, this is a required step in the initialization
+sequence.</para></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><para>Drivers map all buffers as one contiguous
+range of memory. The <constant>VIDIOCGMBUF</constant> ioctl is
+available to query the number of buffers, the offset of each buffer
+from the start of the virtual file, and the overall amount of memory
+used, which can be used as arguments for the &func-mmap;
+function.</para></entry>
+                <entry><para>Buffers are individually mapped. The
+offset and size of each buffer can be determined with the
+&VIDIOC-QUERYBUF; ioctl.</para></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><para>The <constant>VIDIOCMCAPTURE</constant>
+ioctl prepares a buffer for capturing. It also determines the image
+format for this buffer. The ioctl returns immediately, eventually with
+an &EAGAIN; if no video signal had been detected. When the driver
+supports more than one buffer applications can call the ioctl multiple
+times and thus have multiple outstanding capture
+requests.</para><para>The <constant>VIDIOCSYNC</constant> ioctl
+suspends execution until a particular buffer has been
+filled.</para></entry>
+                <entry><para>Drivers maintain an incoming and outgoing
+queue. &VIDIOC-QBUF; enqueues any empty buffer into the incoming
+queue. Filled buffers are dequeued from the outgoing queue with the
+&VIDIOC-DQBUF; ioctl. To wait until filled buffers become available this
+function, &func-select; or &func-poll; can be used. The
+&VIDIOC-STREAMON; ioctl must be called once after enqueuing one or
+more buffers to start capturing. Its counterpart
+&VIDIOC-STREAMOFF; stops capturing and dequeues all buffers from both
+queues. Applications can query the signal status, if known, with the
+&VIDIOC-ENUMINPUT; ioctl.</para></entry>
+              </row>
+            </tbody>
+          </tgroup>
+        </informaltable>
+
+        <para>For a more in-depth discussion of memory mapping and
+examples, see <xref linkend="mmap" />.</para>
+      </section>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Reading Raw VBI Data</title>
+
+      <para>Originally the V4L API did not specify a raw VBI capture
+interface, only the device file <filename>/dev/vbi</filename> was
+reserved for this purpose. The only driver supporting this interface
+was the BTTV driver, de-facto defining the V4L VBI interface. Reading
+from the device yields a raw VBI image with the following
+parameters:<informaltable>
+            <tgroup cols="2">
+              <thead>
+                <row>
+                  <entry>&v4l2-vbi-format;</entry>
+                  <entry>V4L, BTTV driver</entry>
+                </row>
+              </thead>
+              <tbody valign="top">
+                <row>
+                  <entry>sampling_rate</entry>
+                  <entry>28636363&nbsp;Hz NTSC (or any other 525-line
+standard); 35468950&nbsp;Hz PAL and SECAM (625-line standards)</entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry>offset</entry>
+                  <entry>?</entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry>samples_per_line</entry>
+                  <entry>2048</entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry>sample_format</entry>
+                  <entry>V4L2_PIX_FMT_GREY. The last four bytes (a
+machine endianess integer) contain a frame counter.</entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry>start[]</entry>
+                  <entry>10, 273 NTSC; 22, 335 PAL and SECAM</entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry>count[]</entry>
+                  <entry><para>16, 16<footnote><para>Old driver
+versions used different values, eventually the custom
+<constant>BTTV_VBISIZE</constant> ioctl was added to query the
+correct values.</para></footnote></para></entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry>flags</entry>
+                  <entry>0</entry>
+                </row>
+              </tbody>
+            </tgroup>
+        </informaltable></para>
+
+      <para>Undocumented in the V4L specification, in Linux 2.3 the
+<constant>VIDIOCGVBIFMT</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOCSVBIFMT</constant> ioctls using struct
+<structname>vbi_format</structname> were added to determine the VBI
+image parameters. These ioctls are only partially compatible with the
+V4L2 VBI interface specified in <xref linkend="raw-vbi" />.</para>
+
+      <para>An <structfield>offset</structfield> field does not
+exist, <structfield>sample_format</structfield> is supposed to be
+<constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_RAW</constant>, equivalent to
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_GREY</constant>. The remaining fields are
+probably equivalent to &v4l2-vbi-format;.</para>
+
+      <para>Apparently only the Zoran (ZR 36120) driver implements
+these ioctls. The semantics differ from those specified for V4L2 in two
+ways. The parameters are reset on &func-open; and
+<constant>VIDIOCSVBIFMT</constant> always returns an &EINVAL; if the
+parameters are invalid.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Miscellaneous</title>
+
+      <para>V4L2 has no equivalent of the
+<constant>VIDIOCGUNIT</constant> ioctl. Applications can find the VBI
+device associated with a video capture device (or vice versa) by
+reopening the device and requesting VBI data. For details see
+<xref linkend="open" />.</para>
+
+      <para>No replacement exists for <constant>VIDIOCKEY</constant>,
+and the V4L functions for microcode programming. A new interface for
+MPEG compression and playback devices is documented in <xref
+          linkend="extended-controls" />.</para>
+    </section>
+
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="hist-v4l2">
+    <title>Changes of the V4L2 API</title>
+
+    <para>Soon after the V4L API was added to the kernel it was
+criticised as too inflexible. In August 1998 Bill Dirks proposed a
+number of improvements and began to work on documentation, example
+drivers and applications. With the help of other volunteers this
+eventually became the V4L2 API, not just an extension but a
+replacement for the V4L API. However it took another four years and
+two stable kernel releases until the new API was finally accepted for
+inclusion into the kernel in its present form.</para>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Early Versions</title>
+      <para>1998-08-20: First version.</para>
+
+      <para>1998-08-27: The &func-select; function was introduced.</para>
+
+      <para>1998-09-10: New video standard interface.</para>
+
+      <para>1998-09-18: The <constant>VIDIOC_NONCAP</constant> ioctl
+was replaced by the otherwise meaningless <constant>O_TRUNC</constant>
+&func-open; flag, and the aliases <constant>O_NONCAP</constant> and
+<constant>O_NOIO</constant> were defined. Applications can set this
+flag if they intend to access controls only, as opposed to capture
+applications which need exclusive access. The
+<constant>VIDEO_STD_XXX</constant> identifiers are now ordinals
+instead of flags, and the <function>video_std_construct()</function>
+helper function takes id and transmission arguments.</para>
+
+      <para>1998-09-28: Revamped video standard. Made video controls
+individually enumerable.</para>
+
+      <para>1998-10-02: The <structfield>id</structfield> field was
+removed from struct <structname>video_standard</structname> and the
+color subcarrier fields were renamed. The &VIDIOC-QUERYSTD; ioctl was
+renamed to &VIDIOC-ENUMSTD;, &VIDIOC-G-INPUT; to &VIDIOC-ENUMINPUT;. A
+first draft of the Codec API was released.</para>
+
+      <para>1998-11-08: Many minor changes. Most symbols have been
+renamed. Some material changes to &v4l2-capability;.</para>
+
+      <para>1998-11-12: The read/write directon of some ioctls was misdefined.</para>
+
+      <para>1998-11-14: <constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB24</constant>
+changed to <constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR24</constant>, and
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB32</constant> changed to
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR32</constant>. Audio controls are now
+accessible with the &VIDIOC-G-CTRL; and &VIDIOC-S-CTRL; ioctls under
+names starting with <constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO</constant>. The
+<constant>V4L2_MAJOR</constant> define was removed from
+<filename>videodev.h</filename> since it was only used once in the
+<filename>videodev</filename> kernel module. The
+<constant>YUV422</constant> and <constant>YUV411</constant> planar
+image formats were added.</para>
+
+      <para>1998-11-28: A few ioctl symbols changed. Interfaces for codecs and
+video output devices were added.</para>
+
+      <para>1999-01-14: A raw VBI capture interface was added.</para>
+
+      <para>1999-01-19: The <constant>VIDIOC_NEXTBUF</constant> ioctl
+      was removed.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 Version 0.16 1999-01-31</title>
+      <para>1999-01-27: There is now one QBUF ioctl, VIDIOC_QWBUF and VIDIOC_QRBUF
+are gone. VIDIOC_QBUF takes a v4l2_buffer as a parameter. Added
+digital zoom (cropping) controls.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <!-- Where's 0.17? mhs couldn't find that videodev.h, perhaps Bill
+         forgot to bump the version number or never released it. -->
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 Version 0.18 1999-03-16</title>
+      <para>Added a v4l to V4L2 ioctl compatibility layer to
+videodev.c. Driver writers, this changes how you implement your ioctl
+handler. See the Driver Writer's Guide. Added some more control id
+codes.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 Version 0.19 1999-06-05</title>
+      <para>1999-03-18: Fill in the category and catname fields of
+v4l2_queryctrl objects before passing them to the driver. Required a
+minor change to the VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL handlers in the sample
+drivers.</para>
+      <para>1999-03-31: Better compatibility for v4l memory capture
+ioctls. Requires changes to drivers to fully support new compatibility
+features, see Driver Writer's Guide and v4l2cap.c. Added new control
+IDs: V4L2_CID_HFLIP, _VFLIP. Changed V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV422P to _YUV422P,
+and _YUV411P to _YUV411P.</para>
+      <para>1999-04-04: Added a few more control IDs.</para>
+      <para>1999-04-07: Added the button control type.</para>
+      <para>1999-05-02: Fixed a typo in videodev.h, and added the
+V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_GRAYED (later V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_GRABBED) flag.</para>
+      <para>1999-05-20: Definition of VIDIOC_G_CTRL was wrong causing
+a malfunction of this ioctl.</para>
+      <para>1999-06-05: Changed the value of
+V4L2_CID_WHITENESS.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 Version 0.20 (1999-09-10)</title>
+
+      <para>Version 0.20 introduced a number of changes which were
+<emphasis>not backward compatible</emphasis> with 0.19 and earlier
+versions. Purpose of these changes was to simplify the API, while
+making it more extensible and following common Linux driver API
+conventions.</para>
+
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Some typos in <constant>V4L2_FMT_FLAG</constant>
+symbols were fixed. &v4l2-clip; was changed for compatibility with
+v4l. (1999-08-30)</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para><constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_LANG1</constant> was added.
+(1999-09-05)</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>All ioctl() commands that used an integer argument now
+take a pointer to an integer. Where it makes sense, ioctls will return
+the actual new value in the integer pointed to by the argument, a
+common convention in the V4L2 API. The affected ioctls are:
+VIDIOC_PREVIEW, VIDIOC_STREAMON, VIDIOC_STREAMOFF, VIDIOC_S_FREQ,
+VIDIOC_S_INPUT, VIDIOC_S_OUTPUT, VIDIOC_S_EFFECT. For example
+<programlisting>
+err = ioctl (fd, VIDIOC_XXX, V4L2_XXX);
+</programlisting> becomes <programlisting>
+int a = V4L2_XXX; err = ioctl(fd, VIDIOC_XXX, &amp;a);
+</programlisting>
+          </para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>All the different get- and set-format commands were
+swept into one &VIDIOC-G-FMT; and &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl taking a union
+and a type field selecting the union member as parameter. Purpose is to
+simplify the API by eliminating several ioctls and to allow new and
+driver private data streams without adding new ioctls.</para>
+
+          <para>This change obsoletes the following ioctls:
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_INFMT</constant>,
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_INFMT</constant>,
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_OUTFMT</constant>,
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_OUTFMT</constant>,
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_VBIFMT</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_VBIFMT</constant>. The image format structure
+<structname>v4l2_format</structname> was renamed to &v4l2-pix-format;,
+while &v4l2-format; is now the envelopping structure for all format
+negotiations.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Similar to the changes above, the
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_PARM</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_PARM</constant> ioctls were merged with
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_OUTPARM</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_OUTPARM</constant>. A
+<structfield>type</structfield> field in the new &v4l2-streamparm;
+selects the respective union member.</para>
+
+          <para>This change obsoletes the
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_OUTPARM</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_OUTPARM</constant> ioctls.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Control enumeration was simplified, and two new
+control flags were introduced and one dropped. The
+<structfield>catname</structfield> field was replaced by a
+<structfield>group</structfield> field.</para>
+
+          <para>Drivers can now flag unsupported and temporarily
+unavailable controls with <constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_DISABLED</constant>
+and <constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_GRABBED</constant> respectively. The
+<structfield>group</structfield> name indicates a possibly narrower
+classification than the <structfield>category</structfield>. In other
+words, there may be multiple groups within a category. Controls within
+a group would typically be drawn within a group box. Controls in
+different categories might have a greater separation, or may even
+appear in separate windows.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-buffer; <structfield>timestamp</structfield>
+was changed to a 64 bit integer, containing the sampling or output
+time of the frame in nanoseconds. Additionally timestamps will be in
+absolute system time, not starting from zero at the beginning of a
+stream. The data type name for timestamps is stamp_t, defined as a
+signed 64-bit integer. Output devices should not send a buffer out
+until the time in the timestamp field has arrived. I would like to
+follow SGI's lead, and adopt a multimedia timestamping system like
+their UST (Unadjusted System Time). See
+http://reality.sgi.com/cpirazzi_engr/lg/time/intro.html. [This link is
+no longer valid.] UST uses timestamps that are 64-bit signed integers
+(not struct timeval's) and given in nanosecond units. The UST clock
+starts at zero when the system is booted and runs continuously and
+uniformly. It takes a little over 292 years for UST to overflow. There
+is no way to set the UST clock. The regular Linux time-of-day clock
+can be changed periodically, which would cause errors if it were being
+used for timestamping a multimedia stream. A real UST style clock will
+require some support in the kernel that is not there yet. But in
+anticipation, I will change the timestamp field to a 64-bit integer,
+and I will change the v4l2_masterclock_gettime() function (used only
+by drivers) to return a 64-bit integer.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>A <structfield>sequence</structfield> field was added
+to &v4l2-buffer;. The <structfield>sequence</structfield> field counts
+captured frames, it is ignored by output devices. When a capture
+driver drops a frame, the sequence number of that frame is
+skipped.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 Version 0.20 incremental changes</title>
+      <!-- Version number didn't change anymore, reason unknown. -->
+
+      <para>1999-12-23: In &v4l2-vbi-format; the
+<structfield>reserved1</structfield> field became
+<structfield>offset</structfield>. Previously drivers were required to
+clear the <structfield>reserved1</structfield> field.</para>
+
+      <para>2000-01-13: The
+      <constant>V4L2_FMT_FLAG_NOT_INTERLACED</constant> flag was added.</para>
+
+      <para>2000-07-31: The <filename>linux/poll.h</filename> header
+is now included by <filename>videodev.h</filename> for compatibility
+with the original <filename>videodev.h</filename> file.</para>
+
+      <para>2000-11-20: <constant>V4L2_TYPE_VBI_OUTPUT</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y41P</constant> were added.</para>
+
+      <para>2000-11-25: <constant>V4L2_TYPE_VBI_INPUT</constant> was
+added.</para>
+
+      <para>2000-12-04: A couple typos in symbol names were fixed.</para>
+
+      <para>2001-01-18: To avoid namespace conflicts the
+<constant>fourcc</constant> macro defined in the
+<filename>videodev.h</filename> header file was renamed to
+<constant>v4l2_fourcc</constant>.</para>
+
+      <para>2001-01-25: A possible driver-level compatibility problem
+between the <filename>videodev.h</filename> file in Linux 2.4.0 and
+the <filename>videodev.h</filename> file included in the
+<filename>videodevX</filename> patch was fixed. Users of an earlier
+version of <filename>videodevX</filename> on Linux 2.4.0 should
+recompile their V4L and V4L2 drivers.</para>
+
+      <para>2001-01-26: A possible kernel-level incompatibility
+between the <filename>videodev.h</filename> file in the
+<filename>videodevX</filename> patch and the
+<filename>videodev.h</filename> file in Linux 2.2.x with devfs patches
+applied was fixed.</para>
+
+      <para>2001-03-02: Certain V4L ioctls which pass data in both
+direction although they are defined with read-only parameter, did not
+work correctly through the backward compatibility layer.
+[Solution?]</para>
+
+      <para>2001-04-13: Big endian 16-bit RGB formats were added.</para>
+
+      <para>2001-09-17: New YUV formats and the &VIDIOC-G-FREQUENCY; and
+&VIDIOC-S-FREQUENCY; ioctls were added. (The old
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_FREQ</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FREQ</constant> ioctls did not take multiple tuners
+into account.)</para>
+
+      <para>2000-09-18: <constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI</constant> was
+added. This may <emphasis>break compatibility</emphasis> as the
+&VIDIOC-G-FMT; and &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctls may fail now if the struct
+<structname>v4l2_fmt</structname> <structfield>type</structfield>
+field does not contain <constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI</constant>. In the
+documentation of the &v4l2-vbi-format;
+<structfield>offset</structfield> field the ambiguous phrase "rising
+edge" was changed to "leading edge".</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 Version 0.20 2000-11-23</title>
+
+      <para>A number of changes were made to the raw VBI
+interface.</para>
+
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Figures clarifying the line numbering scheme were
+added to the V4L2 API specification. The
+<structfield>start</structfield>[0] and
+<structfield>start</structfield>[1] fields no longer count line
+numbers beginning at zero. Rationale: a) The previous definition was
+unclear. b) The <structfield>start</structfield>[] values are ordinal
+numbers. c) There is no point in inventing a new line numbering
+scheme. We now use line number as defined by ITU-R, period.
+Compatibility: Add one to the start values. Applications depending on
+the previous semantics may not function correctly.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The restriction "count[0] &gt; 0 and count[1] &gt; 0"
+has been relaxed  to "(count[0] + count[1]) &gt; 0". Rationale:
+Drivers may allocate resources at scan line granularity and some data
+services are transmitted only on the first field. The comment that
+both <structfield>count</structfield> values will usually be equal is
+misleading and pointless and has been removed. This change
+<emphasis>breaks compatibility</emphasis> with earlier versions:
+Drivers may return EINVAL, applications may not function
+correctly.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Drivers are again permitted to return negative
+(unknown) start values as proposed earlier. Why this feature was
+dropped is unclear. This change may <emphasis>break
+compatibility</emphasis> with applications depending on the start
+values being positive. The use of <constant>EBUSY</constant> and
+<constant>EINVAL</constant> error codes with the &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl
+was clarified. The &EBUSY; was finally documented, and the
+<structfield>reserved2</structfield> field which was previously
+mentioned only in the <filename>videodev.h</filename> header
+file.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>New buffer types
+<constant>V4L2_TYPE_VBI_INPUT</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_TYPE_VBI_OUTPUT</constant> were added. The former is an
+alias for the old <constant>V4L2_TYPE_VBI</constant>, the latter was
+missing in the <filename>videodev.h</filename> file.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 Version 0.20 2002-07-25</title>
+      <para>Added sliced VBI interface proposal.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.5.46, 2002-10</title>
+
+      <para>Around October-November 2002, prior to an announced
+feature freeze of Linux 2.5, the API was revised, drawing from
+experience with V4L2 0.20. This unnamed version was finally merged
+into Linux 2.5.46.</para>
+
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>As specified in <xref linkend="related" />, drivers
+must make related device functions available under all minor device
+numbers.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &func-open; function requires access mode
+<constant>O_RDWR</constant> regardless of the device type. All V4L2
+drivers exchanging data with applications must support the
+<constant>O_NONBLOCK</constant> flag. The <constant>O_NOIO</constant>
+flag, a V4L2 symbol which aliased the meaningless
+<constant>O_TRUNC</constant> to indicate accesses without data
+exchange (panel applications) was dropped. Drivers must stay in "panel
+mode" until the application attempts to initiate a data exchange, see
+<xref linkend="open" />.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-capability; changed dramatically. Note that
+also the size of the structure changed, which is encoded in the ioctl
+request code, thus older V4L2 devices will respond with an &EINVAL; to
+the new &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl.</para>
+
+          <para>There are new fields to identify the driver, a new RDS
+device function <constant>V4L2_CAP_RDS_CAPTURE</constant>, the
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_AUDIO</constant> flag indicates if the device has
+any audio connectors, another I/O capability
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_ASYNCIO</constant> can be flagged. In response to
+these changes the <structfield>type</structfield> field became a bit
+set and was merged into the <structfield>flags</structfield> field.
+<constant>V4L2_FLAG_TUNER</constant> was renamed to
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_TUNER</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OVERLAY</constant> replaced
+<constant>V4L2_FLAG_PREVIEW</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_VBI_CAPTURE</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_VBI_OUTPUT</constant> replaced
+<constant>V4L2_FLAG_DATA_SERVICE</constant>.
+<constant>V4L2_FLAG_READ</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_FLAG_WRITE</constant> were merged into
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_READWRITE</constant>.</para>
+
+          <para>The redundant fields
+<structfield>inputs</structfield>, <structfield>outputs</structfield>
+and <structfield>audios</structfield> were removed. These properties
+can be determined as described in <xref linkend="video" /> and <xref
+linkend="audio" />.</para>
+
+          <para>The somewhat volatile and therefore barely useful
+fields <structfield>maxwidth</structfield>,
+<structfield>maxheight</structfield>,
+<structfield>minwidth</structfield>,
+<structfield>minheight</structfield>,
+<structfield>maxframerate</structfield> were removed. This information
+is available as described in <xref linkend="format" /> and
+<xref linkend="standard" />.</para>
+
+          <para><constant>V4L2_FLAG_SELECT</constant> was removed. We
+believe the select() function is important enough to require support
+of it in all V4L2 drivers exchanging data with applications. The
+redundant <constant>V4L2_FLAG_MONOCHROME</constant> flag was removed,
+this information is available as described in <xref
+              linkend="format" />.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In &v4l2-input; the
+<structfield>assoc_audio</structfield> field and the
+<structfield>capability</structfield> field and its only flag
+<constant>V4L2_INPUT_CAP_AUDIO</constant> was replaced by the new
+<structfield>audioset</structfield> field. Instead of linking one
+video input to one audio input this field reports all audio inputs
+this video input combines with.</para>
+
+          <para>New fields are <structfield>tuner</structfield>
+(reversing the former link from tuners to video inputs),
+<structfield>std</structfield> and
+<structfield>status</structfield>.</para>
+
+          <para>Accordingly &v4l2-output; lost its
+<structfield>capability</structfield> and
+<structfield>assoc_audio</structfield> fields.
+<structfield>audioset</structfield>,
+<structfield>modulator</structfield> and
+<structfield>std</structfield> where added instead.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-audio; field
+<structfield>audio</structfield> was renamed to
+<structfield>index</structfield>, for consistency with other
+structures. A new capability flag
+<constant>V4L2_AUDCAP_STEREO</constant> was added to indicated if the
+audio input in question supports stereo sound.
+<constant>V4L2_AUDCAP_EFFECTS</constant> and the corresponding
+<constant>V4L2_AUDMODE</constant> flags where removed. This can be
+easily implemented using controls. (However the same applies to AVL
+which is still there.)</para>
+
+          <para>Again for consistency the &v4l2-audioout; field
+<structfield>audio</structfield> was renamed to
+<structfield>index</structfield>.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-tuner;
+<structfield>input</structfield> field was replaced by an
+<structfield>index</structfield> field, permitting devices with
+multiple tuners. The link between video inputs and tuners is now
+reversed, inputs point to their tuner. The
+<structfield>std</structfield> substructure became a
+simple set (more about this below) and moved into &v4l2-input;. A
+<structfield>type</structfield> field was added.</para>
+
+          <para>Accordingly in &v4l2-modulator; the
+<structfield>output</structfield> was replaced by an
+<structfield>index</structfield> field.</para>
+
+          <para>In &v4l2-frequency; the
+<structfield>port</structfield> field was replaced by a
+<structfield>tuner</structfield> field containing the respective tuner
+or modulator index number. A tuner <structfield>type</structfield>
+field was added and the <structfield>reserved</structfield> field
+became larger for future extensions (satellite tuners in
+particular).</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The idea of completely transparent video standards was
+dropped. Experience showed that applications must be able to work with
+video standards beyond presenting the user a menu. Instead of
+enumerating supported standards with an ioctl applications can now
+refer to standards by &v4l2-std-id; and symbols defined in the
+<filename>videodev2.h</filename> header file. For details see <xref
+              linkend="standard" />. The &VIDIOC-G-STD; and
+&VIDIOC-S-STD; now take a pointer to this type as argument.
+&VIDIOC-QUERYSTD; was added to autodetect the received standard, if
+the hardware has this capability. In &v4l2-standard; an
+<structfield>index</structfield> field was added for &VIDIOC-ENUMSTD;.
+A &v4l2-std-id; field named <structfield>id</structfield> was added as
+machine readable identifier, also replacing the
+<structfield>transmission</structfield> field. The misleading
+<structfield>framerate</structfield> field was renamed
+to <structfield>frameperiod</structfield>. The now obsolete
+<structfield>colorstandard</structfield> information, originally
+needed to distguish between variations of standards, were
+removed.</para>
+
+          <para>Struct <structname>v4l2_enumstd</structname> ceased to
+be. &VIDIOC-ENUMSTD; now takes a pointer to a &v4l2-standard;
+directly. The information which standards are supported by a
+particular video input or output moved into &v4l2-input; and
+&v4l2-output; fields named <structfield>std</structfield>,
+respectively.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-queryctrl; fields
+<structfield>category</structfield> and
+<structfield>group</structfield> did not catch on and/or were not
+implemented as expected and therefore removed.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &VIDIOC-TRY-FMT; ioctl was added to negotiate data
+formats as with &VIDIOC-S-FMT;, but without the overhead of
+programming the hardware and regardless of I/O in progress.</para>
+
+          <para>In &v4l2-format; the <structfield>fmt</structfield>
+union was extended to contain &v4l2-window;. All image format
+negotiations are now possible with <constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant>,
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_TRY_FMT</constant>; ioctl. The
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_WIN</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_WIN</constant> ioctls to prepare for a video
+overlay were removed. The <structfield>type</structfield> field
+changed to type &v4l2-buf-type; and the buffer type names changed as
+follows.<informaltable>
+              <tgroup cols="2">
+                <thead>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry>Old defines</entry>
+                    <entry>&v4l2-buf-type;</entry>
+                  </row>
+                </thead>
+                <tbody valign="top">
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_CAPTURE</constant></entry>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant></entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_CODECIN</constant></entry>
+                    <entry>Omitted for now</entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_CODECOUT</constant></entry>
+                    <entry>Omitted for now</entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_EFFECTSIN</constant></entry>
+                    <entry>Omitted for now</entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_EFFECTSIN2</constant></entry>
+                    <entry>Omitted for now</entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_EFFECTSOUT</constant></entry>
+                    <entry>Omitted for now</entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEOOUT</constant></entry>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT</constant></entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>-</constant></entry>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OVERLAY</constant></entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>-</constant></entry>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_CAPTURE</constant></entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>-</constant></entry>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_OUTPUT</constant></entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>-</constant></entry>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_CAPTURE</constant></entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>-</constant></entry>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_OUTPUT</constant></entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_PRIVATE_BASE</constant></entry>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_PRIVATE</constant></entry>
+                  </row>
+                </tbody>
+              </tgroup>
+            </informaltable></para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In &v4l2-fmtdesc; a &v4l2-buf-type; field named
+<structfield>type</structfield> was added as in &v4l2-format;. The
+<constant>VIDIOC_ENUM_FBUFFMT</constant> ioctl is no longer needed and
+was removed. These calls can be replaced by &VIDIOC-ENUM-FMT; with
+type <constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OVERLAY</constant>.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In &v4l2-pix-format; the
+<structfield>depth</structfield> field was removed, assuming
+applications which recognize the format by its four-character-code
+already know the color depth, and others do not care about it. The
+same rationale lead to the removal of the
+<constant>V4L2_FMT_FLAG_COMPRESSED</constant> flag. The
+<constant>V4L2_FMT_FLAG_SWCONVECOMPRESSED</constant> flag was removed
+because drivers are not supposed to convert images in kernel space. A
+user library of conversion functions should be provided instead. The
+<constant>V4L2_FMT_FLAG_BYTESPERLINE</constant> flag was redundant.
+Applications can set the <structfield>bytesperline</structfield> field
+to zero to get a reasonable default. Since the remaining flags were
+replaced as well, the <structfield>flags</structfield> field itself
+was removed.</para>
+          <para>The interlace flags were replaced by a &v4l2-field;
+value in a newly added <structfield>field</structfield>
+field.<informaltable>
+              <tgroup cols="2">
+                <thead>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry>Old flag</entry>
+                    <entry>&v4l2-field;</entry>
+                  </row>
+                </thead>
+                <tbody valign="top">
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_FMT_FLAG_NOT_INTERLACED</constant></entry>
+                    <entry>?</entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_FMT_FLAG_INTERLACED</constant>
+= <constant>V4L2_FMT_FLAG_COMBINED</constant></entry>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED</constant></entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_FMT_FLAG_TOPFIELD</constant>
+= <constant>V4L2_FMT_FLAG_ODDFIELD</constant></entry>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_FIELD_TOP</constant></entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_FMT_FLAG_BOTFIELD</constant>
+= <constant>V4L2_FMT_FLAG_EVENFIELD</constant></entry>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_FIELD_BOTTOM</constant></entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>-</constant></entry>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_FIELD_SEQ_TB</constant></entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>-</constant></entry>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_FIELD_SEQ_BT</constant></entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>-</constant></entry>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_FIELD_ALTERNATE</constant></entry>
+                  </row>
+                </tbody>
+              </tgroup>
+            </informaltable></para>
+
+          <para>The color space flags were replaced by a
+&v4l2-colorspace; value in a newly added
+<structfield>colorspace</structfield> field, where one of
+<constant>V4L2_COLORSPACE_SMPTE170M</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_COLORSPACE_BT878</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_COLORSPACE_470_SYSTEM_M</constant> or
+<constant>V4L2_COLORSPACE_470_SYSTEM_BG</constant> replaces
+<constant>V4L2_FMT_CS_601YUV</constant>.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In &v4l2-requestbuffers; the
+<structfield>type</structfield> field was properly defined as
+&v4l2-buf-type;. Buffer types changed as mentioned above. A new
+<structfield>memory</structfield> field of type &v4l2-memory; was
+added to distinguish between I/O methods using buffers allocated
+by the driver or the application. See <xref linkend="io" /> for
+details.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In &v4l2-buffer; the <structfield>type</structfield>
+field was properly defined as &v4l2-buf-type;. Buffer types changed as
+mentioned above. A <structfield>field</structfield> field of type
+&v4l2-field; was added to indicate if a buffer contains a top or
+bottom field. The old field flags were removed. Since no unadjusted
+system time clock was added to the kernel as planned, the
+<structfield>timestamp</structfield> field changed back from type
+stamp_t, an unsigned 64 bit integer expressing the sample time in
+nanoseconds, to struct <structname>timeval</structname>. With the
+addition of a second memory mapping method the
+<structfield>offset</structfield> field moved into union
+<structfield>m</structfield>, and a new
+<structfield>memory</structfield> field of type &v4l2-memory; was
+added to distinguish between I/O methods. See <xref linkend="io" />
+for details.</para>
+
+          <para>The <constant>V4L2_BUF_REQ_CONTIG</constant>
+flag was used by the V4L compatibility layer, after changes to this
+code it was no longer needed. The
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_ATTR_DEVICEMEM</constant> flag would indicate if
+the buffer was indeed allocated in device memory rather than DMA-able
+system memory. It was barely useful and so was removed.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In &v4l2-framebuffer; the
+<structfield>base[3]</structfield> array anticipating double- and
+triple-buffering in off-screen video memory, however without defining
+a synchronization mechanism, was replaced by a single pointer. The
+<constant>V4L2_FBUF_CAP_SCALEUP</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_FBUF_CAP_SCALEDOWN</constant> flags were removed.
+Applications can determine this capability more accurately using the
+new cropping and scaling interface. The
+<constant>V4L2_FBUF_CAP_CLIPPING</constant> flag was replaced by
+<constant>V4L2_FBUF_CAP_LIST_CLIPPING</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_FBUF_CAP_BITMAP_CLIPPING</constant>.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In &v4l2-clip; the <structfield>x</structfield>,
+<structfield>y</structfield>, <structfield>width</structfield> and
+<structfield>height</structfield> field moved into a
+<structfield>c</structfield> substructure of type &v4l2-rect;. The
+<structfield>x</structfield> and <structfield>y</structfield> fields
+were renamed to <structfield>left</structfield> and
+<structfield>top</structfield>, &ie; offsets to a context dependent
+origin.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In &v4l2-window; the <structfield>x</structfield>,
+<structfield>y</structfield>, <structfield>width</structfield> and
+<structfield>height</structfield> field moved into a
+<structfield>w</structfield> substructure as above. A
+<structfield>field</structfield> field of type %v4l2-field; was added
+to distinguish between field and frame (interlaced) overlay.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The digital zoom interface, including struct
+<structname>v4l2_zoomcap</structname>, struct
+<structname>v4l2_zoom</structname>,
+<constant>V4L2_ZOOM_NONCAP</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_ZOOM_WHILESTREAMING</constant> was replaced by a new
+cropping and scaling interface. The previously unused struct
+<structname>v4l2_cropcap</structname> and
+<structname>v4l2_crop</structname> where redefined for this purpose.
+See <xref linkend="crop" /> for details.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In &v4l2-vbi-format; the
+<structfield>SAMPLE_FORMAT</structfield> field now contains a
+four-character-code as used to identify video image formats and
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_GREY</constant> replaces the
+<constant>V4L2_VBI_SF_UBYTE</constant> define. The
+<structfield>reserved</structfield> field was extended.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In &v4l2-captureparm; the type of the
+<structfield>timeperframe</structfield> field changed from unsigned
+long to &v4l2-fract;. This allows the accurate expression of multiples
+of the NTSC-M frame rate 30000 / 1001. A new field
+<structfield>readbuffers</structfield> was added to control the driver
+behaviour in read I/O mode.</para>
+
+          <para>Similar changes were made to &v4l2-outputparm;.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The struct <structname>v4l2_performance</structname>
+and <constant>VIDIOC_G_PERF</constant> ioctl were dropped. Except when
+using the <link linkend="rw">read/write I/O method</link>, which is
+limited anyway, this information is already available to
+applications.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The example transformation from RGB to YCbCr color
+space in the old V4L2 documentation was inaccurate, this has been
+corrected in <xref linkend="pixfmt" />.<!-- 0.5670G should be
+0.587, and 127/112 != 255/224 --></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 2003-06-19</title>
+
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>A new capability flag
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_RADIO</constant> was added for radio devices. Prior
+to this change radio devices would identify solely by having exactly one
+tuner whose type field reads <constant>V4L2_TUNER_RADIO</constant>.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>An optional driver access priority mechanism was
+added, see <xref linkend="app-pri" /> for details.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The audio input and output interface was found to be
+incomplete.</para>
+          <para>Previously the &VIDIOC-G-AUDIO;
+ioctl would enumerate the available audio inputs. An ioctl to
+determine the current audio input, if more than one combines with the
+current video input, did not exist. So
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_AUDIO</constant> was renamed to
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_AUDIO_OLD</constant>, this ioctl will be removed in
+the future. The &VIDIOC-ENUMAUDIO; ioctl was added to enumerate
+audio inputs, while &VIDIOC-G-AUDIO; now reports the current audio
+input.</para>
+          <para>The same changes were made to &VIDIOC-G-AUDOUT; and
+&VIDIOC-ENUMAUDOUT;.</para>
+          <para>Until further the "videodev" module will automatically
+translate between the old and new ioctls, but drivers and applications
+must be updated to successfully compile again.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &VIDIOC-OVERLAY; ioctl was incorrectly defined with
+write-read parameter. It was changed to write-only, while the write-read
+version was renamed to <constant>VIDIOC_OVERLAY_OLD</constant>. The old
+ioctl will be removed in the future. Until further the "videodev"
+kernel module will automatically translate to the new version, so drivers
+must be recompiled, but not applications.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para><xref linkend="overlay" /> incorrectly stated that
+clipping rectangles define regions where the video can be seen.
+Correct is that clipping rectangles define regions where
+<emphasis>no</emphasis> video shall be displayed and so the graphics
+surface can be seen.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &VIDIOC-S-PARM; and &VIDIOC-S-CTRL; ioctls were
+defined with write-only parameter, inconsistent with other ioctls
+modifying their argument. They were changed to write-read, while a
+<constant>_OLD</constant> suffix was added to the write-only versions.
+The old ioctls will be removed in the future. Drivers and
+applications assuming a constant parameter need an update.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 2003-11-05</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In <xref linkend="pixfmt-rgb" /> the following pixel
+formats were incorrectly transferred from Bill Dirks' V4L2
+specification. Descriptions below refer to bytes in memory, in
+ascending address order.<informaltable>
+              <tgroup cols="3">
+                <thead>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry>Symbol</entry>
+                    <entry>In this document prior to revision
+0.5</entry>
+                    <entry>Corrected</entry>
+                  </row>
+                </thead>
+                <tbody valign="top">
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB24</constant></entry>
+                    <entry>B, G, R</entry>
+                    <entry>R, G, B</entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR24</constant></entry>
+                    <entry>R, G, B</entry>
+                    <entry>B, G, R</entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB32</constant></entry>
+                    <entry>B, G, R, X</entry>
+                    <entry>R, G, B, X</entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR32</constant></entry>
+                    <entry>R, G, B, X</entry>
+                    <entry>B, G, R, X</entry>
+                  </row>
+                </tbody>
+              </tgroup>
+            </informaltable> The
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR24</constant> example was always
+correct.</para>
+          <para>In <xref linkend="v4l-image-properties" /> the mapping
+of the V4L <constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_RGB24</constant> and
+<constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_RGB32</constant> formats to V4L2 pixel formats
+was accordingly corrected.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Unrelated to the fixes above, drivers may still
+interpret some V4L2 RGB pixel formats differently. These issues have
+yet to be addressed, for details see <xref
+              linkend="pixfmt-rgb" />.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.6.6, 2004-05-09</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &VIDIOC-CROPCAP; ioctl was incorrectly defined
+with read-only parameter. It is now defined as write-read ioctl, while
+the read-only version was renamed to
+<constant>VIDIOC_CROPCAP_OLD</constant>. The old ioctl will be removed
+in the future.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.6.8</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>A new field <structfield>input</structfield> (former
+<structfield>reserved[0]</structfield>) was added to the &v4l2-buffer;
+structure. Purpose of this field is to alternate between video inputs
+(&eg; cameras) in step with the video capturing process. This function
+must be enabled with the new <constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_INPUT</constant>
+flag. The <structfield>flags</structfield> field is no longer
+read-only.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 spec erratum 2004-08-01</title>
+
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The return value of the
+<xref linkend="func-open" /> function was incorrectly documented.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Audio output ioctls end in -AUDOUT, not -AUDIOOUT.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In the Current Audio Input example the
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_AUDIO</constant> ioctl took the wrong
+argument.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The documentation of the &VIDIOC-QBUF; and
+&VIDIOC-DQBUF; ioctls did not mention the &v4l2-buffer;
+<structfield>memory</structfield> field. It was also missing from
+examples. Also on the <constant>VIDIOC_DQBUF</constant> page the &EIO;
+was not documented.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.6.14</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>A new sliced VBI interface was added. It is documented
+in <xref linkend="sliced" /> and replaces the interface first
+proposed in V4L2 specification 0.8.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.6.15</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &VIDIOC-LOG-STATUS; ioctl was added.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>New video standards
+<constant>V4L2_STD_NTSC_443</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_STD_SECAM_LC</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_STD_SECAM_DK</constant> (a set of SECAM D, K and K1),
+and <constant>V4L2_STD_ATSC</constant> (a set of
+<constant>V4L2_STD_ATSC_8_VSB</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_STD_ATSC_16_VSB</constant>) were defined. Note the
+<constant>V4L2_STD_525_60</constant> set now includes
+<constant>V4L2_STD_NTSC_443</constant>. See also <xref
+              linkend="v4l2-std-id" />.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <constant>VIDIOC_G_COMP</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_COMP</constant> ioctl were renamed to
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_MPEGCOMP</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_MPEGCOMP</constant> respectively. Their argument
+was replaced by a struct
+<structname>v4l2_mpeg_compression</structname> pointer. (The
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_MPEGCOMP</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_MPEGCOMP</constant> ioctls where removed in Linux
+2.6.25.)</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 spec erratum 2005-11-27</title>
+      <para>The capture example in <xref linkend="capture-example" />
+called the &VIDIOC-S-CROP; ioctl without checking if cropping is
+supported. In the video standard selection example in
+<xref linkend="standard" /> the &VIDIOC-S-STD; call used the wrong
+argument type.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 spec erratum 2006-01-10</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <constant>V4L2_IN_ST_COLOR_KILL</constant> flag in
+&v4l2-input; not only indicates if the color killer is enabled, but
+also if it is active. (The color killer disables color decoding when
+it detects no color in the video signal to improve the image
+quality.)</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&VIDIOC-S-PARM; is a write-read ioctl, not write-only as
+stated on its reference page. The ioctl changed in 2003 as noted above.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 spec erratum 2006-02-03</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In &v4l2-captureparm; and &v4l2-outputparm; the
+<structfield>timeperframe</structfield> field gives the time in
+seconds, not microseconds.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 spec erratum 2006-02-04</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <structfield>clips</structfield> field in
+&v4l2-window; must point to an array of &v4l2-clip;, not a linked
+list, because drivers ignore the struct
+<structname>v4l2_clip</structname>.<structfield>next</structfield>
+pointer.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.6.17</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>New video standard macros were added:
+<constant>V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_KR</constant> (NTSC M South Korea), and the
+sets <constant>V4L2_STD_MN</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_STD_B</constant>, <constant>V4L2_STD_GH</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_STD_DK</constant>. The
+<constant>V4L2_STD_NTSC</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_STD_SECAM</constant> sets now include
+<constant>V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_KR</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_STD_SECAM_LC</constant> respectively.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>A new <constant>V4L2_TUNER_MODE_LANG1_LANG2</constant>
+was defined to record both languages of a bilingual program. The
+use of <constant>V4L2_TUNER_MODE_STEREO</constant> for this purpose
+is deprecated now. See the &VIDIOC-G-TUNER; section for
+details.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 spec erratum 2006-09-23 (Draft 0.15)</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In various places
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_CAPTURE</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_OUTPUT</constant> of the sliced VBI
+interface were not mentioned along with other buffer types.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In <xref linkend="vidioc-g-audio" /> it was clarified
+that the &v4l2-audio; <structfield>mode</structfield> field is a flags
+field.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para><xref linkend="vidioc-querycap" /> did not mention the
+sliced VBI and radio capability flags.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In <xref linkend="vidioc-g-frequency" /> it was
+clarified that applications must initialize the tuner
+<structfield>type</structfield> field of &v4l2-frequency; before
+calling &VIDIOC-S-FREQUENCY;.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <structfield>reserved</structfield> array
+in &v4l2-requestbuffers; has 2 elements, not 32.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In <xref linkend="output" /> and <xref
+              linkend="raw-vbi" /> the device file names
+<filename>/dev/vout</filename> which never caught on were replaced
+by <filename>/dev/video</filename>.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>With Linux 2.6.15 the possible range for VBI device minor
+numbers was extended from 224-239 to 224-255. Accordingly device file names
+<filename>/dev/vbi0</filename> to <filename>/dev/vbi31</filename> are
+possible now.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.6.18</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>New ioctls &VIDIOC-G-EXT-CTRLS;, &VIDIOC-S-EXT-CTRLS;
+and &VIDIOC-TRY-EXT-CTRLS; were added, a flag to skip unsupported
+controls with &VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL;, new control types
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_INTEGER64</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_CTRL_CLASS</constant> (<xref
+              linkend="v4l2-ctrl-type" />), and new control flags
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_READ_ONLY</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_UPDATE</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_INACTIVE</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_SLIDER</constant> (<xref
+              linkend="control-flags" />). See <xref
+              linkend="extended-controls" /> for details.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.6.19</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In &v4l2-sliced-vbi-cap; a buffer type field was added
+replacing a reserved field. Note on architectures where the size of
+enum types differs from int types the size of the structure changed.
+The &VIDIOC-G-SLICED-VBI-CAP; ioctl was redefined from being read-only
+to write-read. Applications must initialize the type field and clear
+the reserved fields now. These changes may <emphasis>break the
+compatibility</emphasis> with older drivers and applications.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The ioctls &VIDIOC-ENUM-FRAMESIZES; and
+&VIDIOC-ENUM-FRAMEINTERVALS; were added.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>A new pixel format <constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB444</constant> (<xref
+linkend="rgb-formats" />) was added.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 spec erratum 2006-10-12 (Draft 0.17)</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_HM12</constant> (<xref
+linkend="reserved-formats" />) is a YUV 4:2:0, not 4:2:2 format.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.6.21</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <filename>videodev2.h</filename> header file is
+now dual licensed under GNU General Public License version two or
+later, and under a 3-clause BSD-style license.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.6.22</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Two new field orders
+          <constant>V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED_TB</constant> and
+          <constant>V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED_BT</constant> were
+          added. See <xref linkend="v4l2-field" /> for details.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Three new clipping/blending methods with a global or
+straight or inverted local alpha value were added to the video overlay
+interface. See the description of the &VIDIOC-G-FBUF; and
+&VIDIOC-S-FBUF; ioctls for details.</para>
+          <para>A new <structfield>global_alpha</structfield> field
+was added to <link
+linkend="v4l2-window"><structname>v4l2_window</structname></link>,
+extending the structure. This may <emphasis>break
+compatibility</emphasis> with applications using a struct
+<structname>v4l2_window</structname> directly. However the <link
+linkend="vidioc-g-fmt">VIDIOC_G/S/TRY_FMT</link> ioctls, which take a
+pointer to a <link linkend="v4l2-format">v4l2_format</link> parent
+structure with padding bytes at the end, are not affected.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The format of the <structfield>chromakey</structfield>
+field in &v4l2-window; changed from "host order RGB32" to a pixel
+value in the same format as the framebuffer. This may <emphasis>break
+compatibility</emphasis> with existing applications. Drivers
+supporting the "host order RGB32" format are not known.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.6.24</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The pixel formats
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_PAL8</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV444</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV555</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV565</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV32</constant> were added.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.6.25</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The pixel formats <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-Y16">
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y16</constant></link> and <link
+linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SBGGR16">
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR16</constant></link> were added.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>New <link linkend="control">controls</link>
+<constant>V4L2_CID_POWER_LINE_FREQUENCY</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_HUE_AUTO</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_WHITE_BALANCE_TEMPERATURE</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_SHARPNESS</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_CID_BACKLIGHT_COMPENSATION</constant> were added. The
+controls <constant>V4L2_CID_BLACK_LEVEL</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_WHITENESS</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_HCENTER</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_CID_VCENTER</constant> were deprecated.
+</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>A <link linkend="camera-controls">Camera controls
+class</link> was added, with the new controls
+<constant>V4L2_CID_EXPOSURE_AUTO</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_EXPOSURE_ABSOLUTE</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_EXPOSURE_AUTO_PRIORITY</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_PAN_RELATIVE</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_TILT_RELATIVE</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_PAN_RESET</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_TILT_RESET</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_PAN_ABSOLUTE</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_TILT_ABSOLUTE</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_FOCUS_ABSOLUTE</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_FOCUS_RELATIVE</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_CID_FOCUS_AUTO</constant>.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <constant>VIDIOC_G_MPEGCOMP</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_MPEGCOMP</constant> ioctls, which were superseded
+by the <link linkend="extended-controls">extended controls</link>
+interface in Linux 2.6.18, where finally removed from the
+<filename>videodev2.h</filename> header file.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.6.26</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The pixel formats
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y16</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR16</constant> were added.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Added user controls
+<constant>V4L2_CID_CHROMA_AGC</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_CID_COLOR_KILLER</constant>.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.6.27</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &VIDIOC-S-HW-FREQ-SEEK; ioctl and the
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_HW_FREQ_SEEK</constant> capability were added.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The pixel formats
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVYU</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_PCA501</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_PCA505</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_PCA508</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_PCA561</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG8</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_PAC207</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_PJPG</constant> were added.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.6.28</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Added <constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_ENCODING_AAC</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_ENCODING_AC3</constant> MPEG audio encodings.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Added <constant>V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_ENCODING_MPEG_4_AVC</constant> MPEG
+video encoding.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The pixel formats
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG10</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG10DPCM8</constant> were added.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.6.29</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <constant>VIDIOC_G_CHIP_IDENT</constant> ioctl was renamed
+to <constant>VIDIOC_G_CHIP_IDENT_OLD</constant> and &VIDIOC-DBG-G-CHIP-IDENT;
+was introduced in its place. The old struct <structname>v4l2_chip_ident</structname>
+was renamed to <structname id="v4l2-chip-ident-old">v4l2_chip_ident_old</structname>.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The pixel formats
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_VYUY</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV16</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV61</constant> were added.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Added camera controls
+<constant>V4L2_CID_ZOOM_ABSOLUTE</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_ZOOM_RELATIVE</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_ZOOM_CONTINUOUS</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_CID_PRIVACY</constant>.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.6.30</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>New control flag <constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_WRITE_ONLY</constant> was added.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>New control <constant>V4L2_CID_COLORFX</constant> was added.</para>
+        </listitem>
+       </orderedlist>
+     </section>
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.6.32</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In order to be easier to compare a V4L2 API and a kernel
+version, now V4L2 API is numbered using the Linux Kernel version numeration.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Finalized the RDS capture API. See <xref linkend="rds" /> for
+more information.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Added new capabilities for modulators and RDS encoders.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Add description for libv4l API.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Added support for string controls via new type <constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_STRING</constant>.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Added <constant>V4L2_CID_BAND_STOP_FILTER</constant> documentation.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Added FM Modulator (FM TX) Extended Control Class: <constant>V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_FM_TX</constant> and their Control IDs.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Added Remote Controller chapter, describing the default Remote Controller mapping for media devices.</para>
+        </listitem>
+       </orderedlist>
+     </section>
+   </section>
+
+   <section id="other">
+     <title>Relation of V4L2 to other Linux multimedia APIs</title>
+
+    <section id="xvideo">
+      <title>X Video Extension</title>
+
+      <para>The X Video Extension (abbreviated XVideo or just Xv) is
+an extension of the X Window system, implemented for example by the
+XFree86 project. Its scope is similar to V4L2, an API to video capture
+and output devices for X clients. Xv allows applications to display
+live video in a window, send window contents to a TV output, and
+capture or output still images in XPixmaps<footnote>
+          <para>This is not implemented in XFree86.</para>
+        </footnote>. With their implementation XFree86 makes the
+extension available across many operating systems and
+architectures.</para>
+
+      <para>Because the driver is embedded into the X server Xv has a
+number of advantages over the V4L2 <link linkend="overlay">video
+overlay interface</link>. The driver can easily determine the overlay
+target, &ie; visible graphics memory or off-screen buffers for a
+destructive overlay. It can program the RAMDAC for a non-destructive
+overlay, scaling or color-keying, or the clipping functions of the
+video capture hardware, always in sync with drawing operations or
+windows moving or changing their stacking order.</para>
+
+      <para>To combine the advantages of Xv and V4L a special Xv
+driver exists in XFree86 and XOrg, just programming any overlay capable
+Video4Linux device it finds. To enable it
+<filename>/etc/X11/XF86Config</filename> must contain these lines:</para>
+      <para><screen>
+Section "Module"
+    Load "v4l"
+EndSection</screen></para>
+
+      <para>As of XFree86 4.2 this driver still supports only V4L
+ioctls, however it should work just fine with all V4L2 devices through
+the V4L2 backward-compatibility layer. Since V4L2 permits multiple
+opens it is possible (if supported by the V4L2 driver) to capture
+video while an X client requested video overlay. Restrictions of
+simultaneous capturing and overlay are discussed in <xref
+          linkend="overlay" /> apply.</para>
+
+      <para>Only marginally related to V4L2, XFree86 extended Xv to
+support hardware YUV to RGB conversion and scaling for faster video
+playback, and added an interface to MPEG-2 decoding hardware. This API
+is useful to display images captured with V4L2 devices.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Digital Video</title>
+
+      <para>V4L2 does not support digital terrestrial, cable or
+satellite broadcast. A separate project aiming at digital receivers
+exists. You can find its homepage at <ulink
+url="http://linuxtv.org">http://linuxtv.org</ulink>. The Linux DVB API
+has no connection to the V4L2 API except that drivers for hybrid
+hardware may support both.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Audio Interfaces</title>
+
+      <para>[to do - OSS/ALSA]</para>
+    </section>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="experimental">
+    <title>Experimental API Elements</title>
+
+    <para>The following V4L2 API elements are currently experimental
+and may change in the future.</para>
+
+    <itemizedlist>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Video Output Overlay (OSD) Interface, <xref
+            linkend="osd" />.</para>
+      </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+        <para><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT_OVERLAY</constant>,
+        &v4l2-buf-type;, <xref linkend="v4l2-buf-type" />.</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para><constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OUTPUT_OVERLAY</constant>,
+&VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl, <xref linkend="device-capabilities" />.</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>&VIDIOC-ENUM-FRAMESIZES; and
+&VIDIOC-ENUM-FRAMEINTERVALS; ioctls.</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>&VIDIOC-G-ENC-INDEX; ioctl.</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>&VIDIOC-ENCODER-CMD; and &VIDIOC-TRY-ENCODER-CMD;
+ioctls.</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>&VIDIOC-DBG-G-REGISTER; and &VIDIOC-DBG-S-REGISTER;
+ioctls.</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>&VIDIOC-DBG-G-CHIP-IDENT; ioctl.</para>
+      </listitem>
+    </itemizedlist>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="obsolete">
+    <title>Obsolete API Elements</title>
+
+    <para>The following V4L2 API elements were superseded by new
+interfaces and should not be implemented in new drivers.</para>
+
+    <itemizedlist>
+      <listitem>
+        <para><constant>VIDIOC_G_MPEGCOMP</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_MPEGCOMP</constant> ioctls. Use Extended Controls,
+<xref linkend="extended-controls" />.</para>
+      </listitem>
+    </itemizedlist>
+  </section>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/controls.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/controls.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..f492accb691d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/controls.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,2049 @@
+  <section id="control">
+    <title>User Controls</title>
+
+    <para>Devices typically have a number of user-settable controls
+such as brightness, saturation and so on, which would be presented to
+the user on a graphical user interface. But, different devices
+will have different controls available, and furthermore, the range of
+possible values, and the default value will vary from device to
+device. The control ioctls provide the information and a mechanism to
+create a nice user interface for these controls that will work
+correctly with any device.</para>
+
+    <para>All controls are accessed using an ID value. V4L2 defines
+several IDs for specific purposes. Drivers can also implement their
+own custom controls using <constant>V4L2_CID_PRIVATE_BASE</constant>
+and higher values. The pre-defined control IDs have the prefix
+<constant>V4L2_CID_</constant>, and are listed in <xref
+linkend="control-id" />. The ID is used when querying the attributes of
+a control, and when getting or setting the current value.</para>
+
+    <para>Generally applications should present controls to the user
+without assumptions about their purpose. Each control comes with a
+name string the user is supposed to understand. When the purpose is
+non-intuitive the driver writer should provide a user manual, a user
+interface plug-in or a driver specific panel application. Predefined
+IDs were introduced to change a few controls programmatically, for
+example to mute a device during a channel switch.</para>
+
+    <para>Drivers may enumerate different controls after switching
+the current video input or output, tuner or modulator, or audio input
+or output. Different in the sense of other bounds, another default and
+current value, step size or other menu items. A control with a certain
+<emphasis>custom</emphasis> ID can also change name and
+type.<footnote>
+        <para>It will be more convenient for applications if drivers
+make use of the <constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_DISABLED</constant> flag, but
+that was never required.</para>
+      </footnote> Control values are stored globally, they do not
+change when switching except to stay within the reported bounds. They
+also do not change &eg; when the device is opened or closed, when the
+tuner radio frequency is changed or generally never without
+application request. Since V4L2 specifies no event mechanism, panel
+applications intended to cooperate with other panel applications (be
+they built into a larger application, as a TV viewer) may need to
+regularly poll control values to update their user
+interface.<footnote>
+        <para>Applications could call an ioctl to request events.
+After another process called &VIDIOC-S-CTRL; or another ioctl changing
+shared properties the &func-select; function would indicate
+readability until any ioctl (querying the properties) is
+called.</para>
+      </footnote></para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="control-id">
+      <title>Control IDs</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <thead>
+          <row>
+            <entry>ID</entry>
+            <entry>Type</entry>
+            <entry>Description</entry>
+          </row>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_BASE</constant></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>First predefined ID, equal to
+<constant>V4L2_CID_BRIGHTNESS</constant>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_USER_BASE</constant></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Synonym of <constant>V4L2_CID_BASE</constant>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_BRIGHTNESS</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Picture brightness, or more precisely, the black
+level.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_CONTRAST</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Picture contrast or luma gain.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_SATURATION</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Picture color saturation or chroma gain.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_HUE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Hue or color balance.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_VOLUME</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Overall audio volume. Note some drivers also
+provide an OSS or ALSA mixer interface.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_BALANCE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Audio stereo balance. Minimum corresponds to all
+the way left, maximum to right.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_BASS</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Audio bass adjustment.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_TREBLE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Audio treble adjustment.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_MUTE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>boolean</entry>
+            <entry>Mute audio, &ie; set the volume to zero, however
+without affecting <constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_VOLUME</constant>. Like
+ALSA drivers, V4L2 drivers must mute at load time to avoid excessive
+noise. Actually the entire device should be reset to a low power
+consumption state.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_LOUDNESS</constant></entry>
+            <entry>boolean</entry>
+            <entry>Loudness mode (bass boost).</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_BLACK_LEVEL</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Another name for brightness (not a synonym of
+<constant>V4L2_CID_BRIGHTNESS</constant>). This control is deprecated
+and should not be used in new drivers and applications.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_AUTO_WHITE_BALANCE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>boolean</entry>
+            <entry>Automatic white balance (cameras).</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_DO_WHITE_BALANCE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>button</entry>
+            <entry>This is an action control. When set (the value is
+ignored), the device will do a white balance and then hold the current
+setting. Contrast this with the boolean
+<constant>V4L2_CID_AUTO_WHITE_BALANCE</constant>, which, when
+activated, keeps adjusting the white balance.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_RED_BALANCE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Red chroma balance.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_BLUE_BALANCE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Blue chroma balance.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_GAMMA</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Gamma adjust.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_WHITENESS</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Whiteness for grey-scale devices. This is a synonym
+for <constant>V4L2_CID_GAMMA</constant>. This control is deprecated
+and should not be used in new drivers and applications.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_EXPOSURE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Exposure (cameras). [Unit?]</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_AUTOGAIN</constant></entry>
+            <entry>boolean</entry>
+            <entry>Automatic gain/exposure control.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_GAIN</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Gain control.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_HFLIP</constant></entry>
+            <entry>boolean</entry>
+            <entry>Mirror the picture horizontally.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_VFLIP</constant></entry>
+            <entry>boolean</entry>
+            <entry>Mirror the picture vertically.</entry>
+          </row>
+        <row>
+          <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_HCENTER_DEPRECATED</constant> (formerly <constant>V4L2_CID_HCENTER</constant>)</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Horizontal image centering. This control is
+deprecated. New drivers and applications should use the <link
+linkend="camera-controls">Camera class controls</link>
+<constant>V4L2_CID_PAN_ABSOLUTE</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_PAN_RELATIVE</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_CID_PAN_RESET</constant> instead.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_VCENTER_DEPRECATED</constant>
+            (formerly <constant>V4L2_CID_VCENTER</constant>)</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Vertical image centering. Centering is intended to
+<emphasis>physically</emphasis> adjust cameras. For image cropping see
+<xref linkend="crop" />, for clipping <xref linkend="overlay" />. This
+control is deprecated. New drivers and applications should use the
+<link linkend="camera-controls">Camera class controls</link>
+<constant>V4L2_CID_TILT_ABSOLUTE</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_TILT_RELATIVE</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_CID_TILT_RESET</constant> instead.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="v4l2-power-line-frequency">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_POWER_LINE_FREQUENCY</constant></entry>
+            <entry>enum</entry>
+            <entry>Enables a power line frequency filter to avoid
+flicker. Possible values for <constant>enum v4l2_power_line_frequency</constant> are:
+<constant>V4L2_CID_POWER_LINE_FREQUENCY_DISABLED</constant> (0),
+<constant>V4L2_CID_POWER_LINE_FREQUENCY_50HZ</constant> (1) and
+<constant>V4L2_CID_POWER_LINE_FREQUENCY_60HZ</constant> (2).</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_HUE_AUTO</constant></entry>
+            <entry>boolean</entry>
+            <entry>Enables automatic hue control by the device. The
+effect of setting <constant>V4L2_CID_HUE</constant> while automatic
+hue control is enabled is undefined, drivers should ignore such
+request.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_WHITE_BALANCE_TEMPERATURE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>This control specifies the white balance settings
+as a color temperature in Kelvin. A driver should have a minimum of
+2800 (incandescent) to 6500 (daylight). For more information about
+color temperature see <ulink
+url="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color_temperature">Wikipedia</ulink>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_SHARPNESS</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Adjusts the sharpness filters in a camera. The
+minimum value disables the filters, higher values give a sharper
+picture.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_BACKLIGHT_COMPENSATION</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Adjusts the backlight compensation in a camera. The
+minimum value disables backlight compensation.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_CHROMA_AGC</constant></entry>
+            <entry>boolean</entry>
+            <entry>Chroma automatic gain control.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_COLOR_KILLER</constant></entry>
+            <entry>boolean</entry>
+            <entry>Enable the color killer (&ie; force a black &amp; white image in case of a weak video signal).</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="v4l2-colorfx">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_COLORFX</constant></entry>
+            <entry>enum</entry>
+            <entry>Selects a color effect. Possible values for
+<constant>enum v4l2_colorfx</constant> are:
+<constant>V4L2_COLORFX_NONE</constant> (0),
+<constant>V4L2_COLORFX_BW</constant> (1) and
+<constant>V4L2_COLORFX_SEPIA</constant> (2).</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_LASTP1</constant></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>End of the predefined control IDs (currently
+<constant>V4L2_CID_COLORFX</constant> + 1).</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_PRIVATE_BASE</constant></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>ID of the first custom (driver specific) control.
+Applications depending on particular custom controls should check the
+driver name and version, see <xref linkend="querycap" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <para>Applications can enumerate the available controls with the
+&VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL; and &VIDIOC-QUERYMENU; ioctls, get and set a
+control value with the &VIDIOC-G-CTRL; and &VIDIOC-S-CTRL; ioctls.
+Drivers must implement <constant>VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL</constant>,
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_CTRL</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_CTRL</constant> when the device has one or more
+controls, <constant>VIDIOC_QUERYMENU</constant> when it has one or
+more menu type controls.</para>
+
+    <example>
+      <title>Enumerating all controls</title>
+
+      <programlisting>
+&v4l2-queryctrl; queryctrl;
+&v4l2-querymenu; querymenu;
+
+static void
+enumerate_menu (void)
+{
+        printf ("  Menu items:\n");
+
+        memset (&amp;querymenu, 0, sizeof (querymenu));
+        querymenu.id = queryctrl.id;
+
+        for (querymenu.index = queryctrl.minimum;
+             querymenu.index &lt;= queryctrl.maximum;
+              querymenu.index++) {
+                if (0 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-QUERYMENU;, &amp;querymenu)) {
+                        printf ("  %s\n", querymenu.name);
+                } else {
+                        perror ("VIDIOC_QUERYMENU");
+                        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+                }
+        }
+}
+
+memset (&amp;queryctrl, 0, sizeof (queryctrl));
+
+for (queryctrl.id = V4L2_CID_BASE;
+     queryctrl.id &lt; V4L2_CID_LASTP1;
+     queryctrl.id++) {
+        if (0 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL;, &amp;queryctrl)) {
+                if (queryctrl.flags &amp; V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_DISABLED)
+                        continue;
+
+                printf ("Control %s\n", queryctrl.name);
+
+                if (queryctrl.type == V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_MENU)
+                        enumerate_menu ();
+        } else {
+                if (errno == EINVAL)
+                        continue;
+
+                perror ("VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL");
+                exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+}
+
+for (queryctrl.id = V4L2_CID_PRIVATE_BASE;;
+     queryctrl.id++) {
+        if (0 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL;, &amp;queryctrl)) {
+                if (queryctrl.flags &amp; V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_DISABLED)
+                        continue;
+
+                printf ("Control %s\n", queryctrl.name);
+
+                if (queryctrl.type == V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_MENU)
+                        enumerate_menu ();
+        } else {
+                if (errno == EINVAL)
+                        break;
+
+                perror ("VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL");
+                exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+}
+</programlisting>
+    </example>
+
+    <example>
+      <title>Changing controls</title>
+
+      <programlisting>
+&v4l2-queryctrl; queryctrl;
+&v4l2-control; control;
+
+memset (&amp;queryctrl, 0, sizeof (queryctrl));
+queryctrl.id = V4L2_CID_BRIGHTNESS;
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL;, &amp;queryctrl)) {
+        if (errno != EINVAL) {
+                perror ("VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL");
+                exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+        } else {
+                printf ("V4L2_CID_BRIGHTNESS is not supported\n");
+        }
+} else if (queryctrl.flags &amp; V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_DISABLED) {
+        printf ("V4L2_CID_BRIGHTNESS is not supported\n");
+} else {
+        memset (&amp;control, 0, sizeof (control));
+        control.id = V4L2_CID_BRIGHTNESS;
+        control.value = queryctrl.default_value;
+
+        if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-S-CTRL;, &amp;control)) {
+                perror ("VIDIOC_S_CTRL");
+                exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+}
+
+memset (&amp;control, 0, sizeof (control));
+control.id = V4L2_CID_CONTRAST;
+
+if (0 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-G-CTRL;, &amp;control)) {
+        control.value += 1;
+
+        /* The driver may clamp the value or return ERANGE, ignored here */
+
+        if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-S-CTRL;, &amp;control)
+            &amp;&amp; errno != ERANGE) {
+                perror ("VIDIOC_S_CTRL");
+                exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+/* Ignore if V4L2_CID_CONTRAST is unsupported */
+} else if (errno != EINVAL) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_G_CTRL");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+control.id = V4L2_CID_AUDIO_MUTE;
+control.value = TRUE; /* silence */
+
+/* Errors ignored */
+ioctl (fd, VIDIOC_S_CTRL, &amp;control);
+</programlisting>
+    </example>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="extended-controls">
+    <title>Extended Controls</title>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Introduction</title>
+
+      <para>The control mechanism as originally designed was meant
+to be used for user settings (brightness, saturation, etc). However,
+it turned out to be a very useful model for implementing more
+complicated driver APIs where each driver implements only a subset of
+a larger API.</para>
+
+      <para>The MPEG encoding API was the driving force behind
+designing and implementing this extended control mechanism: the MPEG
+standard is quite large and the currently supported hardware MPEG
+encoders each only implement a subset of this standard. Further more,
+many parameters relating to how the video is encoded into an MPEG
+stream are specific to the MPEG encoding chip since the MPEG standard
+only defines the format of the resulting MPEG stream, not how the
+video is actually encoded into that format.</para>
+
+      <para>Unfortunately, the original control API lacked some
+features needed for these new uses and so it was extended into the
+(not terribly originally named) extended control API.</para>
+
+      <para>Even though the MPEG encoding API was the first effort
+to use the Extended Control API, nowadays there are also other classes
+of Extended Controls, such as Camera Controls and FM Transmitter Controls.
+The Extended Controls API as well as all Extended Controls classes are
+described in the following text.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>The Extended Control API</title>
+
+      <para>Three new ioctls are available: &VIDIOC-G-EXT-CTRLS;,
+&VIDIOC-S-EXT-CTRLS; and &VIDIOC-TRY-EXT-CTRLS;. These ioctls act on
+arrays of controls (as opposed to the &VIDIOC-G-CTRL; and
+&VIDIOC-S-CTRL; ioctls that act on a single control). This is needed
+since it is often required to atomically change several controls at
+once.</para>
+
+      <para>Each of the new ioctls expects a pointer to a
+&v4l2-ext-controls;. This structure contains a pointer to the control
+array, a count of the number of controls in that array and a control
+class. Control classes are used to group similar controls into a
+single class. For example, control class
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_USER</constant> contains all user controls
+(&ie; all controls that can also be set using the old
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_CTRL</constant> ioctl). Control class
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_MPEG</constant> contains all controls
+relating to MPEG encoding, etc.</para>
+
+      <para>All controls in the control array must belong to the
+specified control class. An error is returned if this is not the
+case.</para>
+
+      <para>It is also possible to use an empty control array (count
+== 0) to check whether the specified control class is
+supported.</para>
+
+      <para>The control array is a &v4l2-ext-control; array. The
+<structname>v4l2_ext_control</structname> structure is very similar to
+&v4l2-control;, except for the fact that it also allows for 64-bit
+values and pointers to be passed.</para>
+
+      <para>It is important to realize that due to the flexibility of
+controls it is necessary to check whether the control you want to set
+actually is supported in the driver and what the valid range of values
+is. So use the &VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL; and &VIDIOC-QUERYMENU; ioctls to
+check this. Also note that it is possible that some of the menu
+indices in a control of type <constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_MENU</constant>
+may not be supported (<constant>VIDIOC_QUERYMENU</constant> will
+return an error). A good example is the list of supported MPEG audio
+bitrates. Some drivers only support one or two bitrates, others
+support a wider range.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Enumerating Extended Controls</title>
+
+      <para>The recommended way to enumerate over the extended
+controls is by using &VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL; in combination with the
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_NEXT_CTRL</constant> flag:</para>
+
+      <informalexample>
+        <programlisting>
+&v4l2-queryctrl; qctrl;
+
+qctrl.id = V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_NEXT_CTRL;
+while (0 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL;, &amp;qctrl)) {
+        /* ... */
+        qctrl.id |= V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_NEXT_CTRL;
+}
+</programlisting>
+      </informalexample>
+
+      <para>The initial control ID is set to 0 ORed with the
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_NEXT_CTRL</constant> flag. The
+<constant>VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL</constant> ioctl will return the first
+control with a higher ID than the specified one. When no such controls
+are found an error is returned.</para>
+
+      <para>If you want to get all controls within a specific control
+class, then you can set the initial
+<structfield>qctrl.id</structfield> value to the control class and add
+an extra check to break out of the loop when a control of another
+control class is found:</para>
+
+      <informalexample>
+        <programlisting>
+qctrl.id = V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_MPEG | V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_NEXT_CTRL;
+while (0 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL;, &amp;qctrl)) {
+        if (V4L2_CTRL_ID2CLASS (qctrl.id) != V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_MPEG)
+                break;
+                /* ... */
+                qctrl.id |= V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_NEXT_CTRL;
+        }
+</programlisting>
+      </informalexample>
+
+      <para>The 32-bit <structfield>qctrl.id</structfield> value is
+subdivided into three bit ranges: the top 4 bits are reserved for
+flags (&eg; <constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_NEXT_CTRL</constant>) and are not
+actually part of the ID. The remaining 28 bits form the control ID, of
+which the most significant 12 bits define the control class and the
+least significant 16 bits identify the control within the control
+class. It is guaranteed that these last 16 bits are always non-zero
+for controls. The range of 0x1000 and up are reserved for
+driver-specific controls. The macro
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_ID2CLASS(id)</constant> returns the control class
+ID based on a control ID.</para>
+
+      <para>If the driver does not support extended controls, then
+<constant>VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL</constant> will fail when used in
+combination with <constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_NEXT_CTRL</constant>. In
+that case the old method of enumerating control should be used (see
+1.8). But if it is supported, then it is guaranteed to enumerate over
+all controls, including driver-private controls.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Creating Control Panels</title>
+
+      <para>It is possible to create control panels for a graphical
+user interface where the user can select the various controls.
+Basically you will have to iterate over all controls using the method
+described above. Each control class starts with a control of type
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_CTRL_CLASS</constant>.
+<constant>VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL</constant> will return the name of this
+control class which can be used as the title of a tab page within a
+control panel.</para>
+
+      <para>The flags field of &v4l2-queryctrl; also contains hints on
+the behavior of the control. See the &VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL; documentation
+for more details.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section id="mpeg-controls">
+      <title>MPEG Control Reference</title>
+
+      <para>Below all controls within the MPEG control class are
+described. First the generic controls, then controls specific for
+certain hardware.</para>
+
+      <section>
+        <title>Generic MPEG Controls</title>
+
+        <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="mpeg-control-id">
+          <title>MPEG Control IDs</title>
+          <tgroup cols="4">
+            <colspec colname="c1" colwidth="1*" />
+            <colspec colname="c2" colwidth="6*" />
+            <colspec colname="c3" colwidth="2*" />
+            <colspec colname="c4" colwidth="6*" />
+            <spanspec namest="c1" nameend="c2" spanname="id" />
+            <spanspec namest="c2" nameend="c4" spanname="descr" />
+            <thead>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id" align="left">ID</entry>
+                <entry align="left">Type</entry>
+              </row><row rowsep="1"><entry spanname="descr" align="left">Description</entry>
+              </row>
+            </thead>
+            <tbody valign="top">
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_CLASS</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>class</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">The MPEG class
+descriptor. Calling &VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL; for this control will return a
+description of this control class. This description can be used as the
+caption of a Tab page in a GUI, for example.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-stream-type">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_TYPE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_stream_type</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">The MPEG-1, -2 or -4
+output stream type. One cannot assume anything here. Each hardware
+MPEG encoder tends to support different subsets of the available MPEG
+stream types. The currently defined stream types are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_TYPE_MPEG2_PS</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>MPEG-2 program stream</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_TYPE_MPEG2_TS</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>MPEG-2 transport stream</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_TYPE_MPEG1_SS</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>MPEG-1 system stream</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_TYPE_MPEG2_DVD</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>MPEG-2 DVD-compatible stream</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_TYPE_MPEG1_VCD</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>MPEG-1 VCD-compatible stream</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_TYPE_MPEG2_SVCD</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>MPEG-2 SVCD-compatible stream</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_PID_PMT</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Program Map Table
+Packet ID for the MPEG transport stream (default 16)</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_PID_AUDIO</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Audio Packet ID for
+the MPEG transport stream (default 256)</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_PID_VIDEO</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Video Packet ID for
+the MPEG transport stream (default 260)</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_PID_PCR</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Packet ID for the
+MPEG transport stream carrying PCR fields (default 259)</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_PES_ID_AUDIO</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Audio ID for MPEG
+PES</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_PES_ID_VIDEO</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Video ID for MPEG
+PES</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-stream-vbi-fmt">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_VBI_FMT</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_stream_vbi_fmt</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Some cards can embed
+VBI data (&eg; Closed Caption, Teletext) into the MPEG stream. This
+control selects whether VBI data should be embedded, and if so, what
+embedding method should be used. The list of possible VBI formats
+depends on the driver. The currently defined VBI format types
+are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_VBI_FMT_NONE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>No VBI in the MPEG stream</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_VBI_FMT_IVTV</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>VBI in private packets, IVTV format (documented
+in the kernel sources in the file <filename>Documentation/video4linux/cx2341x/README.vbi</filename>)</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-audio-sampling-freq">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_SAMPLING_FREQ</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_audio_sampling_freq</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">MPEG Audio sampling
+frequency. Possible values are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_SAMPLING_FREQ_44100</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>44.1 kHz</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_SAMPLING_FREQ_48000</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>48 kHz</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_SAMPLING_FREQ_32000</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>32 kHz</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-audio-encoding">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_ENCODING</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_audio_encoding</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">MPEG Audio encoding.
+Possible values are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_ENCODING_LAYER_1</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>MPEG-1/2 Layer I encoding</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_ENCODING_LAYER_2</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>MPEG-1/2 Layer II encoding</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_ENCODING_LAYER_3</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>MPEG-1/2 Layer III encoding</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_ENCODING_AAC</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>MPEG-2/4 AAC (Advanced Audio Coding)</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_ENCODING_AC3</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>AC-3 aka ATSC A/52 encoding</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-audio-l1-bitrate">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_audio_l1_bitrate</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">MPEG-1/2 Layer I bitrate.
+Possible values are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_32K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>32 kbit/s</entry></row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_64K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>64 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_96K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>96 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_128K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>128 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_160K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>160 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_192K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>192 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_224K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>224 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_256K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>256 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_288K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>288 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_320K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>320 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_352K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>352 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_384K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>384 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_416K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>416 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_448K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>448 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-audio-l2-bitrate">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_audio_l2_bitrate</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">MPEG-1/2 Layer II bitrate.
+Possible values are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_32K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>32 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_48K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>48 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_56K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>56 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_64K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>64 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_80K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>80 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_96K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>96 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_112K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>112 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_128K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>128 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_160K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>160 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_192K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>192 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_224K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>224 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_256K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>256 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_320K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>320 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_384K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>384 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-audio-l3-bitrate">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_audio_l3_bitrate</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">MPEG-1/2 Layer III bitrate.
+Possible values are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_32K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>32 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_40K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>40 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_48K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>48 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_56K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>56 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_64K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>64 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_80K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>80 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_96K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>96 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_112K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>112 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_128K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>128 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_160K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>160 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_192K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>192 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_224K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>224 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_256K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>256 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_320K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>320 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_AAC_BITRATE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">AAC bitrate in bits per second.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-audio-ac3-bitrate">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_audio_ac3_bitrate</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">AC-3 bitrate.
+Possible values are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_32K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>32 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_40K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>40 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_48K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>48 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_56K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>56 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_64K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>64 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_80K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>80 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_96K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>96 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_112K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>112 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_128K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>128 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_160K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>160 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_192K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>192 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_224K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>224 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_256K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>256 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_320K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>320 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_384K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>384 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_448K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>448 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_512K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>512 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_576K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>576 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_640K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>640 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-audio-mode">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_audio_mode</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">MPEG Audio mode.
+Possible values are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_STEREO</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Stereo</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_JOINT_STEREO</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Joint Stereo</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_DUAL</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Bilingual</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_MONO</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Mono</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-audio-mode-extension">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_EXTENSION</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_audio_mode_extension</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Joint Stereo
+audio mode extension. In Layer I and II they indicate which subbands
+are in intensity stereo. All other subbands are coded in stereo. Layer
+III is not (yet) supported. Possible values
+are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_EXTENSION_BOUND_4</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Subbands 4-31 in intensity stereo</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_EXTENSION_BOUND_8</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Subbands 8-31 in intensity stereo</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_EXTENSION_BOUND_12</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Subbands 12-31 in intensity stereo</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_EXTENSION_BOUND_16</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Subbands 16-31 in intensity stereo</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-audio-emphasis">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_EMPHASIS</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_audio_emphasis</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Audio Emphasis.
+Possible values are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_EMPHASIS_NONE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>None</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_EMPHASIS_50_DIV_15_uS</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>50/15 microsecond emphasis</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_EMPHASIS_CCITT_J17</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>CCITT J.17</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-audio-crc">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_CRC</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_audio_crc</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">CRC method. Possible
+values are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_CRC_NONE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>None</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_CRC_CRC16</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>16 bit parity check</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_MUTE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>boolean</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Mutes the audio when
+capturing. This is not done by muting audio hardware, which can still
+produce a slight hiss, but in the encoder itself, guaranteeing a fixed
+and reproducable audio bitstream. 0 = unmuted, 1 = muted.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-video-encoding">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_ENCODING</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_video_encoding</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">MPEG Video encoding
+method. Possible values are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_ENCODING_MPEG_1</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>MPEG-1 Video encoding</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_ENCODING_MPEG_2</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>MPEG-2 Video encoding</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_ENCODING_MPEG_4_AVC</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>MPEG-4 AVC (H.264) Video encoding</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-video-aspect">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_ASPECT</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_video_aspect</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Video aspect.
+Possible values are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_ASPECT_1x1</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_ASPECT_4x3</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_ASPECT_16x9</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_ASPECT_221x100</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_B_FRAMES</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Number of B-Frames
+(default 2)</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_GOP_SIZE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">GOP size (default
+12)</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_GOP_CLOSURE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>boolean</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">GOP closure (default
+1)</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_PULLDOWN</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>boolean</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Enable 3:2 pulldown
+(default 0)</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-video-bitrate-mode">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_BITRATE_MODE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_video_bitrate_mode</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Video bitrate mode.
+Possible values are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_BITRATE_MODE_VBR</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Variable bitrate</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_BITRATE_MODE_CBR</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Constant bitrate</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_BITRATE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Video bitrate in bits
+per second.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_BITRATE_PEAK</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Peak video bitrate in
+bits per second. Must be larger or equal to the average video bitrate.
+It is ignored if the video bitrate mode is set to constant
+bitrate.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_TEMPORAL_DECIMATION</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">For every captured
+frame, skip this many subsequent frames (default 0).</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_MUTE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>boolean</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry spanname="descr">"Mutes" the video to a
+fixed color when capturing. This is useful for testing, to produce a
+fixed video bitstream. 0 = unmuted, 1 = muted.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_MUTE_YUV</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Sets the "mute" color
+of the video. The supplied 32-bit integer is interpreted as follows (bit
+0 = least significant bit):</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>Bit 0:7</entry>
+                      <entry>V chrominance information</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>Bit 8:15</entry>
+                      <entry>U chrominance information</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>Bit 16:23</entry>
+                      <entry>Y luminance information</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>Bit 24:31</entry>
+                      <entry>Must be zero.</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+            </tbody>
+          </tgroup>
+        </table>
+      </section>
+
+      <section>
+        <title>CX2341x MPEG Controls</title>
+
+        <para>The following MPEG class controls deal with MPEG
+encoding settings that are specific to the Conexant CX23415 and
+CX23416 MPEG encoding chips.</para>
+
+        <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="cx2341x-control-id">
+          <title>CX2341x Control IDs</title>
+          <tgroup cols="4">
+            <colspec colname="c1" colwidth="1*" />
+            <colspec colname="c2" colwidth="6*" />
+            <colspec colname="c3" colwidth="2*" />
+            <colspec colname="c4" colwidth="6*" />
+            <spanspec namest="c1" nameend="c2" spanname="id" />
+            <spanspec namest="c2" nameend="c4" spanname="descr" />
+            <thead>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id" align="left">ID</entry>
+                <entry align="left">Type</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr" align="left">Description</entry>
+              </row>
+            </thead>
+            <tbody valign="top">
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-cx2341x-video-spatial-filter-mode">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_SPATIAL_FILTER_MODE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_cx2341x_video_spatial_filter_mode</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Sets the Spatial
+Filter mode (default <constant>MANUAL</constant>). Possible values
+are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_SPATIAL_FILTER_MODE_MANUAL</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Choose the filter manually</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_SPATIAL_FILTER_MODE_AUTO</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Choose the filter automatically</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_SPATIAL_FILTER</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer&nbsp;(0-15)</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">The setting for the
+Spatial Filter. 0 = off, 15 = maximum. (Default is 0.)</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="luma-spatial-filter-type">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_LUMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_cx2341x_video_luma_spatial_filter_type</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Select the algorithm
+to use for the Luma Spatial Filter (default
+<constant>1D_HOR</constant>). Possible values:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_LUMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE_OFF</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>No filter</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_LUMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE_1D_HOR</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>One-dimensional horizontal</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_LUMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE_1D_VERT</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>One-dimensional vertical</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_LUMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE_2D_HV_SEPARABLE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Two-dimensional separable</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_LUMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE_2D_SYM_NON_SEPARABLE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Two-dimensional symmetrical
+non-separable</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="chroma-spatial-filter-type">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_CHROMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_cx2341x_video_chroma_spatial_filter_type</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Select the algorithm
+for the Chroma Spatial Filter (default <constant>1D_HOR</constant>).
+Possible values are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_CHROMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE_OFF</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>No filter</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_CHROMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE_1D_HOR</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>One-dimensional horizontal</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-cx2341x-video-temporal-filter-mode">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_TEMPORAL_FILTER_MODE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_cx2341x_video_temporal_filter_mode</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Sets the Temporal
+Filter mode (default <constant>MANUAL</constant>). Possible values
+are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_TEMPORAL_FILTER_MODE_MANUAL</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Choose the filter manually</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_TEMPORAL_FILTER_MODE_AUTO</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Choose the filter automatically</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_TEMPORAL_FILTER</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer&nbsp;(0-31)</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">The setting for the
+Temporal Filter. 0 = off, 31 = maximum. (Default is 8 for full-scale
+capturing and 0 for scaled capturing.)</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-cx2341x-video-median-filter-type">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_MEDIAN_FILTER_TYPE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_cx2341x_video_median_filter_type</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Median Filter Type
+(default <constant>OFF</constant>). Possible values are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_MEDIAN_FILTER_TYPE_OFF</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>No filter</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_MEDIAN_FILTER_TYPE_HOR</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Horizontal filter</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_MEDIAN_FILTER_TYPE_VERT</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Vertical filter</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_MEDIAN_FILTER_TYPE_HOR_VERT</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Horizontal and vertical filter</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_MEDIAN_FILTER_TYPE_DIAG</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Diagonal filter</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_LUMA_MEDIAN_FILTER_BOTTOM</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer&nbsp;(0-255)</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Threshold above which
+the luminance median filter is enabled (default 0)</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_LUMA_MEDIAN_FILTER_TOP</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer&nbsp;(0-255)</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Threshold below which
+the luminance median filter is enabled (default 255)</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_CHROMA_MEDIAN_FILTER_BOTTOM</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer&nbsp;(0-255)</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Threshold above which
+the chroma median filter is enabled (default 0)</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_CHROMA_MEDIAN_FILTER_TOP</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer&nbsp;(0-255)</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Threshold below which
+the chroma median filter is enabled (default 255)</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_STREAM_INSERT_NAV_PACKETS</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>boolean</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry spanname="descr">The CX2341X MPEG encoder
+can insert one empty MPEG-2 PES packet into the stream between every
+four video frames. The packet size is 2048 bytes, including the
+packet_start_code_prefix and stream_id fields. The stream_id is 0xBF
+(private stream 2). The payload consists of 0x00 bytes, to be filled
+in by the application. 0 = do not insert, 1 = insert packets.</entry>
+              </row>
+            </tbody>
+          </tgroup>
+        </table>
+      </section>
+    </section>
+
+    <section id="camera-controls">
+      <title>Camera Control Reference</title>
+
+      <para>The Camera class includes controls for mechanical (or
+equivalent digital) features of a device such as controllable lenses
+or sensors.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="camera-control-id">
+      <title>Camera Control IDs</title>
+      <tgroup cols="4">
+        <colspec colname="c1" colwidth="1*" />
+        <colspec colname="c2" colwidth="6*" />
+        <colspec colname="c3" colwidth="2*" />
+        <colspec colname="c4" colwidth="6*" />
+        <spanspec namest="c1" nameend="c2" spanname="id" />
+        <spanspec namest="c2" nameend="c4" spanname="descr" />
+        <thead>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id" align="left">ID</entry>
+            <entry align="left">Type</entry>
+          </row><row rowsep="1"><entry spanname="descr" align="left">Description</entry>
+          </row>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>class</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">The Camera class
+descriptor. Calling &VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL; for this control will return a
+description of this control class.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+
+          <row id="v4l2-exposure-auto-type">
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_EXPOSURE_AUTO</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_exposure_auto_type</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Enables automatic
+adjustments of the exposure time and/or iris aperture. The effect of
+manual changes of the exposure time or iris aperture while these
+features are enabled is undefined, drivers should ignore such
+requests. Possible values are:</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+              <tbody valign="top">
+                <row>
+                  <entry><constant>V4L2_EXPOSURE_AUTO</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Automatic exposure time, automatic iris
+aperture.</entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry><constant>V4L2_EXPOSURE_MANUAL</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                  <entry>Manual exposure time, manual iris.</entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry><constant>V4L2_EXPOSURE_SHUTTER_PRIORITY</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                  <entry>Manual exposure time, auto iris.</entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry><constant>V4L2_EXPOSURE_APERTURE_PRIORITY</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                  <entry>Auto exposure time, manual iris.</entry>
+                </row>
+              </tbody>
+            </entrytbl>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_EXPOSURE_ABSOLUTE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Determines the exposure
+time of the camera sensor. The exposure time is limited by the frame
+interval. Drivers should interpret the values as 100 &micro;s units,
+where the value 1 stands for 1/10000th of a second, 10000 for 1 second
+and 100000 for 10 seconds.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_EXPOSURE_AUTO_PRIORITY</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>boolean</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">When
+<constant>V4L2_CID_EXPOSURE_AUTO</constant> is set to
+<constant>AUTO</constant> or <constant>APERTURE_PRIORITY</constant>,
+this control determines if the device may dynamically vary the frame
+rate. By default this feature is disabled (0) and the frame rate must
+remain constant.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_PAN_RELATIVE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">This control turns the
+camera horizontally by the specified amount. The unit is undefined. A
+positive value moves the camera to the right (clockwise when viewed
+from above), a negative value to the left. A value of zero does not
+cause motion. This is a write-only control.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_TILT_RELATIVE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">This control turns the
+camera vertically by the specified amount. The unit is undefined. A
+positive value moves the camera up, a negative value down. A value of
+zero does not cause motion. This is a write-only control.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_PAN_RESET</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>button</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">When this control is set,
+the camera moves horizontally to the default position.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_TILT_RESET</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>button</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">When this control is set,
+the camera moves vertically to the default position.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_PAN_ABSOLUTE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">This control
+turns the camera horizontally to the specified position. Positive
+values move the camera to the right (clockwise when viewed from above),
+negative values to the left. Drivers should interpret the values as arc
+seconds, with valid values between -180 * 3600 and +180 * 3600
+inclusive.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_TILT_ABSOLUTE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">This control
+turns the camera vertically to the specified position. Positive values
+move the camera up, negative values down. Drivers should interpret the
+values as arc seconds, with valid values between -180 * 3600 and +180
+* 3600 inclusive.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_FOCUS_ABSOLUTE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">This control sets the
+focal point of the camera to the specified position. The unit is
+undefined. Positive values set the focus closer to the camera,
+negative values towards infinity.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_FOCUS_RELATIVE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">This control moves the
+focal point of the camera by the specified amount. The unit is
+undefined. Positive values move the focus closer to the camera,
+negative values towards infinity. This is a write-only control.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_FOCUS_AUTO</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>boolean</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Enables automatic focus
+adjustments. The effect of manual focus adjustments while this feature
+is enabled is undefined, drivers should ignore such requests.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_ZOOM_ABSOLUTE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Specify the objective lens
+focal length as an absolute value. The zoom unit is driver-specific and its
+value should be a positive integer.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_ZOOM_RELATIVE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Specify the objective lens
+focal length relatively to the current value. Positive values move the zoom
+lens group towards the telephoto direction, negative values towards the
+wide-angle direction. The zoom unit is driver-specific. This is a write-only control.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_ZOOM_CONTINUOUS</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Move the objective lens group
+at the specified speed until it reaches physical device limits or until an
+explicit request to stop the movement. A positive value moves the zoom lens
+group towards the telephoto direction. A value of zero stops the zoom lens
+group movement. A negative value moves the zoom lens group towards the
+wide-angle direction. The zoom speed unit is driver-specific.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_PRIVACY</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>boolean</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Prevent video from being acquired
+by the camera. When this control is set to <constant>TRUE</constant> (1), no
+image can be captured by the camera. Common means to enforce privacy are
+mechanical obturation of the sensor and firmware image processing, but the
+device is not restricted to these methods. Devices that implement the privacy
+control must support read access and may support write access.</entry>
+          </row>
+
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_BAND_STOP_FILTER</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Switch the band-stop filter of a
+camera sensor on or off, or specify its strength. Such band-stop filters can
+be used, for example, to filter out the fluorescent light component.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </section>
+
+    <section id="fm-tx-controls">
+      <title>FM Transmitter Control Reference</title>
+
+      <para>The FM Transmitter (FM_TX) class includes controls for common features of
+FM transmissions capable devices. Currently this class includes parameters for audio
+compression, pilot tone generation, audio deviation limiter, RDS transmission and
+tuning power features.</para>
+
+      <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="fm-tx-control-id">
+      <title>FM_TX Control IDs</title>
+
+      <tgroup cols="4">
+        <colspec colname="c1" colwidth="1*" />
+        <colspec colname="c2" colwidth="6*" />
+        <colspec colname="c3" colwidth="2*" />
+        <colspec colname="c4" colwidth="6*" />
+        <spanspec namest="c1" nameend="c2" spanname="id" />
+        <spanspec namest="c2" nameend="c4" spanname="descr" />
+        <thead>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id" align="left">ID</entry>
+            <entry align="left">Type</entry>
+          </row><row rowsep="1"><entry spanname="descr" align="left">Description</entry>
+          </row>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>class</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">The FM_TX class
+descriptor. Calling &VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL; for this control will return a
+description of this control class.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_RDS_TX_DEVIATION</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">Configures RDS signal frequency deviation level in Hz.
+The range and step are driver-specific.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_RDS_TX_PI</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">Sets the RDS Programme Identification field
+for transmission.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_RDS_TX_PTY</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">Sets the RDS Programme Type field for transmission.
+This encodes up to 31 pre-defined programme types.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_RDS_TX_PS_NAME</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>string</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">Sets the Programme Service name (PS_NAME) for transmission.
+It is intended for static display on a receiver. It is the primary aid to listeners in programme service
+identification and selection.  In Annex E of <xref linkend="en50067" />, the RDS specification,
+there is a full description of the correct character encoding for Programme Service name strings.
+Also from RDS specification, PS is usually a single eight character text. However, it is also possible
+to find receivers which can scroll strings sized as 8 x N characters. So, this control must be configured
+with steps of 8 characters. The result is it must always contain a string with size multiple of 8.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_RDS_TX_RADIO_TEXT</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>string</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">Sets the Radio Text info for transmission. It is a textual description of
+what is being broadcasted. RDS Radio Text can be applied when broadcaster wishes to transmit longer PS names,
+programme-related information or any other text. In these cases, RadioText should be used in addition to
+<constant>V4L2_CID_RDS_TX_PS_NAME</constant>. The encoding for Radio Text strings is also fully described
+in Annex E of <xref linkend="en50067" />. The length of Radio Text strings depends on which RDS Block is being
+used to transmit it, either 32 (2A block) or 64 (2B block).  However, it is also possible
+to find receivers which can scroll strings sized as 32 x N or 64 x N characters. So, this control must be configured
+with steps of 32 or 64 characters. The result is it must always contain a string with size multiple of 32 or 64. </entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_LIMITER_ENABLED</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>boolean</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">Enables or disables the audio deviation limiter feature.
+The limiter is useful when trying to maximize the audio volume, minimize receiver-generated
+distortion and prevent overmodulation.
+</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_LIMITER_RELEASE_TIME</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">Sets the audio deviation limiter feature release time.
+Unit is in useconds. Step and range are driver-specific.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_LIMITER_DEVIATION</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">Configures audio frequency deviation level in Hz.
+The range and step are driver-specific.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_COMPRESSION_ENABLED</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>boolean</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">Enables or disables the audio compression feature.
+This feature amplifies signals below the threshold by a fixed gain and compresses audio
+signals above the threshold by the ratio of Threshold/(Gain + Threshold).</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_COMPRESSION_GAIN</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">Sets the gain for audio compression feature. It is
+a dB value. The range and step are driver-specific.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_COMPRESSION_THRESHOLD</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">Sets the threshold level for audio compression freature.
+It is a dB value. The range and step are driver-specific.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_COMPRESSION_ATTACK_TIME</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">Sets the attack time for audio compression feature.
+It is a useconds value. The range and step are driver-specific.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_COMPRESSION_RELEASE_TIME</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">Sets the release time for audio compression feature.
+It is a useconds value. The range and step are driver-specific.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_PILOT_TONE_ENABLED</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>boolean</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">Enables or disables the pilot tone generation feature.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_PILOT_TONE_DEVIATION</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">Configures pilot tone frequency deviation level. Unit is
+in Hz. The range and step are driver-specific.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_PILOT_TONE_FREQUENCY</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">Configures pilot tone frequency value. Unit is
+in Hz. The range and step are driver-specific.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_TUNE_PREEMPHASIS</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="v4l2-preemphasis"><entry spanname="descr">Configures the pre-emphasis value for broadcasting.
+A pre-emphasis filter is applied to the broadcast to accentuate the high audio frequencies.
+Depending on the region, a time constant of either 50 or 75 useconds is used. The enum&nbsp;v4l2_preemphasis
+defines possible values for pre-emphasis. Here they are:</entry>
+        </row><row>
+        <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_PREEMPHASIS_DISABLED</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>No pre-emphasis is applied.</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_PREEMPHASIS_50_uS</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>A pre-emphasis of 50 uS is used.</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_PREEMPHASIS_75_uS</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>A pre-emphasis of 75 uS is used.</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_TUNE_POWER_LEVEL</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">Sets the output power level for signal transmission.
+Unit is in dBuV. Range and step are driver-specific.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_TUNE_ANTENNA_CAPACITOR</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">This selects the value of antenna tuning capacitor
+manually or automatically if set to zero. Unit, range and step are driver-specific.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+      </table>
+
+<para>For more details about RDS specification, refer to
+<xref linkend="en50067" /> document, from CENELEC.</para>
+    </section>
+</section>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "common.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/crop.gif b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/crop.gif
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..3b9e7d836d4b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/crop.gif
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/crop.pdf b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/crop.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..c9fb81cd32f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/crop.pdf
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-capture.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-capture.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..32807e43f170
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-capture.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+  <title>Video Capture Interface</title>
+
+  <para>Video capture devices sample an analog video signal and store
+the digitized images in memory. Today nearly all devices can capture
+at full 25 or 30 frames/second. With this interface applications can
+control the capture process and move images from the driver into user
+space.</para>
+
+  <para>Conventionally V4L2 video capture devices are accessed through
+character device special files named <filename>/dev/video</filename>
+and <filename>/dev/video0</filename> to
+<filename>/dev/video63</filename> with major number 81 and minor
+numbers 0 to 63. <filename>/dev/video</filename> is typically a
+symbolic link to the preferred video device. Note the same device
+files are used for video output devices.</para>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Querying Capabilities</title>
+
+    <para>Devices supporting the video capture interface set the
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant> flag in the
+<structfield>capabilities</structfield> field of &v4l2-capability;
+returned by the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl. As secondary device functions
+they may also support the <link linkend="overlay">video overlay</link>
+(<constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OVERLAY</constant>) and the <link
+linkend="raw-vbi">raw VBI capture</link>
+(<constant>V4L2_CAP_VBI_CAPTURE</constant>) interface. At least one of
+the read/write or streaming I/O methods must be supported. Tuners and
+audio inputs are optional.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Supplemental Functions</title>
+
+    <para>Video capture devices shall support <link
+linkend="audio">audio input</link>, <link
+linkend="tuner">tuner</link>, <link linkend="control">controls</link>,
+<link linkend="crop">cropping and scaling</link> and <link
+linkend="streaming-par">streaming parameter</link> ioctls as needed.
+The <link linkend="video">video input</link> and <link
+linkend="standard">video standard</link> ioctls must be supported by
+all video capture devices.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Image Format Negotiation</title>
+
+    <para>The result of a capture operation is determined by
+cropping and image format parameters. The former select an area of the
+video picture to capture, the latter how images are stored in memory,
+&ie; in RGB or YUV format, the number of bits per pixel or width and
+height. Together they also define how images are scaled in the
+process.</para>
+
+    <para>As usual these parameters are <emphasis>not</emphasis> reset
+at &func-open; time to permit Unix tool chains, programming a device
+and then reading from it as if it was a plain file. Well written V4L2
+applications ensure they really get what they want, including cropping
+and scaling.</para>
+
+    <para>Cropping initialization at minimum requires to reset the
+parameters to defaults. An example is given in <xref
+linkend="crop" />.</para>
+
+    <para>To query the current image format applications set the
+<structfield>type</structfield> field of a &v4l2-format; to
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant> and call the
+&VIDIOC-G-FMT; ioctl with a pointer to this structure. Drivers fill
+the &v4l2-pix-format; <structfield>pix</structfield> member of the
+<structfield>fmt</structfield> union.</para>
+
+    <para>To request different parameters applications set the
+<structfield>type</structfield> field of a &v4l2-format; as above and
+initialize all fields of the &v4l2-pix-format;
+<structfield>vbi</structfield> member of the
+<structfield>fmt</structfield> union, or better just modify the
+results of <constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant>, and call the
+&VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl with a pointer to this structure. Drivers may
+adjust the parameters and finally return the actual parameters as
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant> does.</para>
+
+    <para>Like <constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> the
+&VIDIOC-TRY-FMT; ioctl can be used to learn about hardware limitations
+without disabling I/O or possibly time consuming hardware
+preparations.</para>
+
+    <para>The contents of &v4l2-pix-format; are discussed in <xref
+linkend="pixfmt" />. See also the specification of the
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant>, <constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant>
+and <constant>VIDIOC_TRY_FMT</constant> ioctls for details. Video
+capture devices must implement both the
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> ioctl, even if
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> ignores all requests and always
+returns default parameters as <constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant> does.
+<constant>VIDIOC_TRY_FMT</constant> is optional.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Reading Images</title>
+
+    <para>A video capture device may support the <link
+linkend="rw">read() function</link> and/or streaming (<link
+linkend="mmap">memory mapping</link> or <link
+linkend="userp">user pointer</link>) I/O. See <xref
+linkend="io" /> for details.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-codec.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-codec.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..6e156dc45b94
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-codec.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+  <title>Codec Interface</title>
+
+  <note>
+    <title>Suspended</title>
+
+    <para>This interface has been be suspended from the V4L2 API
+implemented in Linux 2.6 until we have more experience with codec
+device interfaces.</para>
+  </note>
+
+  <para>A V4L2 codec can compress, decompress, transform, or otherwise
+convert video data from one format into another format, in memory.
+Applications send data to be converted to the driver through a
+&func-write; call, and receive the converted data through a
+&func-read; call. For efficiency a driver may also support streaming
+I/O.</para>
+
+  <para>[to do]</para>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-effect.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-effect.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..9c243beba0e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-effect.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+  <title>Effect Devices Interface</title>
+
+  <note>
+    <title>Suspended</title>
+
+    <para>This interface has been be suspended from the V4L2 API
+implemented in Linux 2.6 until we have more experience with effect
+device interfaces.</para>
+  </note>
+
+  <para>A V4L2 video effect device can do image effects, filtering, or
+combine two or more images or image streams. For example video
+transitions or wipes. Applications send data to be processed and
+receive the result data either with &func-read; and &func-write;
+functions, or through the streaming I/O mechanism.</para>
+
+  <para>[to do]</para>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-osd.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-osd.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..c9a68a2ccd33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-osd.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+  <title>Video Output Overlay Interface</title>
+  <subtitle>Also known as On-Screen Display (OSD)</subtitle>
+
+  <note>
+    <title>Experimental</title>
+
+    <para>This is an <link linkend="experimental">experimental</link>
+interface and may change in the future.</para>
+  </note>
+
+  <para>Some video output devices can overlay a framebuffer image onto
+the outgoing video signal. Applications can set up such an overlay
+using this interface, which borrows structures and ioctls of the <link
+linkend="overlay">Video Overlay</link> interface.</para>
+
+  <para>The OSD function is accessible through the same character
+special file as the <link linkend="capture">Video Output</link> function.
+Note the default function of such a <filename>/dev/video</filename> device
+is video capturing or output. The OSD function is only available after
+calling the &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl.</para>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Querying Capabilities</title>
+
+    <para>Devices supporting the <wordasword>Video Output
+Overlay</wordasword> interface set the
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OUTPUT_OVERLAY</constant> flag in the
+<structfield>capabilities</structfield> field of &v4l2-capability;
+returned by the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Framebuffer</title>
+
+    <para>Contrary to the <wordasword>Video Overlay</wordasword>
+interface the framebuffer is normally implemented on the TV card and
+not the graphics card. On Linux it is accessible as a framebuffer
+device (<filename>/dev/fbN</filename>). Given a V4L2 device,
+applications can find the corresponding framebuffer device by calling
+the &VIDIOC-G-FBUF; ioctl. It returns, amongst other information, the
+physical address of the framebuffer in the
+<structfield>base</structfield> field of &v4l2-framebuffer;. The
+framebuffer device ioctl <constant>FBIOGET_FSCREENINFO</constant>
+returns the same address in the <structfield>smem_start</structfield>
+field of struct <structname>fb_fix_screeninfo</structname>. The
+<constant>FBIOGET_FSCREENINFO</constant> ioctl and struct
+<structname>fb_fix_screeninfo</structname> are defined in the
+<filename>linux/fb.h</filename> header file.</para>
+
+    <para>The width and height of the framebuffer depends on the
+current video standard. A V4L2 driver may reject attempts to change
+the video standard (or any other ioctl which would imply a framebuffer
+size change) with an &EBUSY; until all applications closed the
+framebuffer device.</para>
+
+    <example>
+      <title>Finding a framebuffer device for OSD</title>
+
+      <programlisting>
+#include &lt;linux/fb.h&gt;
+
+&v4l2-framebuffer; fbuf;
+unsigned int i;
+int fb_fd;
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, VIDIOC_G_FBUF, &amp;fbuf)) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_G_FBUF");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+for (i = 0; i &gt; 30; ++i) {
+        char dev_name[16];
+        struct fb_fix_screeninfo si;
+
+        snprintf (dev_name, sizeof (dev_name), "/dev/fb%u", i);
+
+        fb_fd = open (dev_name, O_RDWR);
+        if (-1 == fb_fd) {
+                switch (errno) {
+                case ENOENT: /* no such file */
+                case ENXIO:  /* no driver */
+                        continue;
+
+                default:
+                        perror ("open");
+                        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+                }
+        }
+
+        if (0 == ioctl (fb_fd, FBIOGET_FSCREENINFO, &amp;si)) {
+                if (si.smem_start == (unsigned long) fbuf.base)
+                        break;
+        } else {
+                /* Apparently not a framebuffer device. */
+        }
+
+        close (fb_fd);
+        fb_fd = -1;
+}
+
+/* fb_fd is the file descriptor of the framebuffer device
+   for the video output overlay, or -1 if no device was found. */
+</programlisting>
+    </example>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Overlay Window and Scaling</title>
+
+    <para>The overlay is controlled by source and target rectangles.
+The source rectangle selects a subsection of the framebuffer image to
+be overlaid, the target rectangle an area in the outgoing video signal
+where the image will appear. Drivers may or may not support scaling,
+and arbitrary sizes and positions of these rectangles. Further drivers
+may support any (or none) of the clipping/blending methods defined for
+the <link linkend="overlay">Video Overlay</link> interface.</para>
+
+    <para>A &v4l2-window; defines the size of the source rectangle,
+its position in the framebuffer and the clipping/blending method to be
+used for the overlay. To get the current parameters applications set
+the <structfield>type</structfield> field of a &v4l2-format; to
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT_OVERLAY</constant> and call the
+&VIDIOC-G-FMT; ioctl. The driver fills the
+<structname>v4l2_window</structname> substructure named
+<structfield>win</structfield>. It is not possible to retrieve a
+previously programmed clipping list or bitmap.</para>
+
+    <para>To program the source rectangle applications set the
+<structfield>type</structfield> field of a &v4l2-format; to
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT_OVERLAY</constant>, initialize
+the <structfield>win</structfield> substructure and call the
+&VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl. The driver adjusts the parameters against
+hardware limits and returns the actual parameters as
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant> does. Like
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant>, the &VIDIOC-TRY-FMT; ioctl can be
+used to learn about driver capabilities without actually changing
+driver state. Unlike <constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> this also works
+after the overlay has been enabled.</para>
+
+    <para>A &v4l2-crop; defines the size and position of the target
+rectangle. The scaling factor of the overlay is implied by the width
+and height given in &v4l2-window; and &v4l2-crop;. The cropping API
+applies to <wordasword>Video Output</wordasword> and <wordasword>Video
+Output Overlay</wordasword> devices in the same way as to
+<wordasword>Video Capture</wordasword> and <wordasword>Video
+Overlay</wordasword> devices, merely reversing the direction of the
+data flow. For more information see <xref linkend="crop" />.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Enabling Overlay</title>
+
+    <para>There is no V4L2 ioctl to enable or disable the overlay,
+however the framebuffer interface of the driver may support the
+<constant>FBIOBLANK</constant> ioctl.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-output.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-output.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..63c3c20e5a72
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-output.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+  <title>Video Output Interface</title>
+
+  <para>Video output devices encode stills or image sequences as
+analog video signal. With this interface applications can
+control the encoding process and move images from user space to
+the driver.</para>
+
+  <para>Conventionally V4L2 video output devices are accessed through
+character device special files named <filename>/dev/video</filename>
+and <filename>/dev/video0</filename> to
+<filename>/dev/video63</filename> with major number 81 and minor
+numbers 0 to 63. <filename>/dev/video</filename> is typically a
+symbolic link to the preferred video device. Note the same device
+files are used for video capture devices.</para>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Querying Capabilities</title>
+
+    <para>Devices supporting the video output interface set the
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OUTPUT</constant> flag in the
+<structfield>capabilities</structfield> field of &v4l2-capability;
+returned by the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl. As secondary device functions
+they may also support the <link linkend="raw-vbi">raw VBI
+output</link> (<constant>V4L2_CAP_VBI_OUTPUT</constant>) interface. At
+least one of the read/write or streaming I/O methods must be
+supported. Modulators and audio outputs are optional.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Supplemental Functions</title>
+
+    <para>Video output devices shall support <link
+linkend="audio">audio output</link>, <link
+linkend="tuner">modulator</link>, <link linkend="control">controls</link>,
+<link linkend="crop">cropping and scaling</link> and <link
+linkend="streaming-par">streaming parameter</link> ioctls as needed.
+The <link linkend="video">video output</link> and <link
+linkend="standard">video standard</link> ioctls must be supported by
+all video output devices.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Image Format Negotiation</title>
+
+    <para>The output is determined by cropping and image format
+parameters. The former select an area of the video picture where the
+image will appear, the latter how images are stored in memory, &ie; in
+RGB or YUV format, the number of bits per pixel or width and height.
+Together they also define how images are scaled in the process.</para>
+
+    <para>As usual these parameters are <emphasis>not</emphasis> reset
+at &func-open; time to permit Unix tool chains, programming a device
+and then writing to it as if it was a plain file. Well written V4L2
+applications ensure they really get what they want, including cropping
+and scaling.</para>
+
+    <para>Cropping initialization at minimum requires to reset the
+parameters to defaults. An example is given in <xref
+linkend="crop" />.</para>
+
+    <para>To query the current image format applications set the
+<structfield>type</structfield> field of a &v4l2-format; to
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT</constant> and call the
+&VIDIOC-G-FMT; ioctl with a pointer to this structure. Drivers fill
+the &v4l2-pix-format; <structfield>pix</structfield> member of the
+<structfield>fmt</structfield> union.</para>
+
+    <para>To request different parameters applications set the
+<structfield>type</structfield> field of a &v4l2-format; as above and
+initialize all fields of the &v4l2-pix-format;
+<structfield>vbi</structfield> member of the
+<structfield>fmt</structfield> union, or better just modify the
+results of <constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant>, and call the
+&VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl with a pointer to this structure. Drivers may
+adjust the parameters and finally return the actual parameters as
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant> does.</para>
+
+    <para>Like <constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> the
+&VIDIOC-TRY-FMT; ioctl can be used to learn about hardware limitations
+without disabling I/O or possibly time consuming hardware
+preparations.</para>
+
+    <para>The contents of &v4l2-pix-format; are discussed in <xref
+linkend="pixfmt" />. See also the specification of the
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant>, <constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant>
+and <constant>VIDIOC_TRY_FMT</constant> ioctls for details. Video
+output devices must implement both the
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> ioctl, even if
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> ignores all requests and always
+returns default parameters as <constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant> does.
+<constant>VIDIOC_TRY_FMT</constant> is optional.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Writing Images</title>
+
+    <para>A video output device may support the <link
+linkend="rw">write() function</link> and/or streaming (<link
+linkend="mmap">memory mapping</link> or <link
+linkend="userp">user pointer</link>) I/O. See <xref
+linkend="io" /> for details.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-overlay.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-overlay.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..92513cf79150
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-overlay.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,379 @@
+  <title>Video Overlay Interface</title>
+  <subtitle>Also known as Framebuffer Overlay or Previewing</subtitle>
+
+  <para>Video overlay devices have the ability to genlock (TV-)video
+into the (VGA-)video signal of a graphics card, or to store captured
+images directly in video memory of a graphics card, typically with
+clipping. This can be considerable more efficient than capturing
+images and displaying them by other means. In the old days when only
+nuclear power plants needed cooling towers this used to be the only
+way to put live video into a window.</para>
+
+  <para>Video overlay devices are accessed through the same character
+special files as <link linkend="capture">video capture</link> devices.
+Note the default function of a <filename>/dev/video</filename> device
+is video capturing. The overlay function is only available after
+calling the &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl.</para>
+
+    <para>The driver may support simultaneous overlay and capturing
+using the read/write and streaming I/O methods. If so, operation at
+the nominal frame rate of the video standard is not guaranteed. Frames
+may be directed away from overlay to capture, or one field may be used
+for overlay and the other for capture if the capture parameters permit
+this.</para>
+
+  <para>Applications should use different file descriptors for
+capturing and overlay. This must be supported by all drivers capable
+of simultaneous capturing and overlay. Optionally these drivers may
+also permit capturing and overlay with a single file descriptor for
+compatibility with V4L and earlier versions of V4L2.<footnote>
+        <para>A common application of two file descriptors is the
+XFree86 <link linkend="xvideo">Xv/V4L</link> interface driver and
+a V4L2 application. While the X server controls video overlay, the
+application can take advantage of memory mapping and DMA.</para>
+        <para>In the opinion of the designers of this API, no driver
+writer taking the efforts to support simultaneous capturing and
+overlay will restrict this ability by requiring a single file
+descriptor, as in V4L and earlier versions of V4L2. Making this
+optional means applications depending on two file descriptors need
+backup routines to be compatible with all drivers, which is
+considerable more work than using two fds in applications which do
+not. Also two fd's fit the general concept of one file descriptor for
+each logical stream. Hence as a complexity trade-off drivers
+<emphasis>must</emphasis> support two file descriptors and
+<emphasis>may</emphasis> support single fd operation.</para>
+      </footnote></para>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Querying Capabilities</title>
+
+    <para>Devices supporting the video overlay interface set the
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OVERLAY</constant> flag in the
+<structfield>capabilities</structfield> field of &v4l2-capability;
+returned by the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl. The overlay I/O method specified
+below must be supported. Tuners and audio inputs are optional.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Supplemental Functions</title>
+
+    <para>Video overlay devices shall support <link
+linkend="audio">audio input</link>, <link
+linkend="tuner">tuner</link>, <link linkend="control">controls</link>,
+<link linkend="crop">cropping and scaling</link> and <link
+linkend="streaming-par">streaming parameter</link> ioctls as needed.
+The <link linkend="video">video input</link> and <link
+linkend="standard">video standard</link> ioctls must be supported by
+all video overlay devices.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Setup</title>
+
+    <para>Before overlay can commence applications must program the
+driver with frame buffer parameters, namely the address and size of
+the frame buffer and the image format, for example RGB 5:6:5. The
+&VIDIOC-G-FBUF; and &VIDIOC-S-FBUF; ioctls are available to get
+and set these parameters, respectively. The
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FBUF</constant> ioctl is privileged because it
+allows to set up DMA into physical memory, bypassing the memory
+protection mechanisms of the kernel. Only the superuser can change the
+frame buffer address and size. Users are not supposed to run TV
+applications as root or with SUID bit set. A small helper application
+with suitable privileges should query the graphics system and program
+the V4L2 driver at the appropriate time.</para>
+
+    <para>Some devices add the video overlay to the output signal
+of the graphics card. In this case the frame buffer is not modified by
+the video device, and the frame buffer address and pixel format are
+not needed by the driver. The <constant>VIDIOC_S_FBUF</constant> ioctl
+is not privileged. An application can check for this type of device by
+calling the <constant>VIDIOC_G_FBUF</constant> ioctl.</para>
+
+    <para>A driver may support any (or none) of five clipping/blending
+methods:<orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Chroma-keying displays the overlaid image only where
+pixels in the primary graphics surface assume a certain color.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>A bitmap can be specified where each bit corresponds
+to a pixel in the overlaid image. When the bit is set, the
+corresponding video pixel is displayed, otherwise a pixel of the
+graphics surface.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>A list of clipping rectangles can be specified. In
+these regions <emphasis>no</emphasis> video is displayed, so the
+graphics surface can be seen here.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The framebuffer has an alpha channel that can be used
+to clip or blend the framebuffer with the video.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>A global alpha value can be specified to blend the
+framebuffer contents with video images.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist></para>
+
+    <para>When simultaneous capturing and overlay is supported and
+the hardware prohibits different image and frame buffer formats, the
+format requested first takes precedence. The attempt to capture
+(&VIDIOC-S-FMT;) or overlay (&VIDIOC-S-FBUF;) may fail with an
+&EBUSY; or return accordingly modified parameters..</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Overlay Window</title>
+
+    <para>The overlaid image is determined by cropping and overlay
+window parameters. The former select an area of the video picture to
+capture, the latter how images are overlaid and clipped. Cropping
+initialization at minimum requires to reset the parameters to
+defaults. An example is given in <xref linkend="crop" />.</para>
+
+    <para>The overlay window is described by a &v4l2-window;. It
+defines the size of the image, its position over the graphics surface
+and the clipping to be applied. To get the current parameters
+applications set the <structfield>type</structfield> field of a
+&v4l2-format; to <constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OVERLAY</constant> and
+call the &VIDIOC-G-FMT; ioctl. The driver fills the
+<structname>v4l2_window</structname> substructure named
+<structfield>win</structfield>. It is not possible to retrieve a
+previously programmed clipping list or bitmap.</para>
+
+    <para>To program the overlay window applications set the
+<structfield>type</structfield> field of a &v4l2-format; to
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OVERLAY</constant>, initialize the
+<structfield>win</structfield> substructure and call the
+&VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl. The driver adjusts the parameters against
+hardware limits and returns the actual parameters as
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant> does. Like
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant>, the &VIDIOC-TRY-FMT; ioctl can be
+used to learn about driver capabilities without actually changing
+driver state. Unlike <constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> this also works
+after the overlay has been enabled.</para>
+
+    <para>The scaling factor of the overlaid image is implied by the
+width and height given in &v4l2-window; and the size of the cropping
+rectangle. For more information see <xref linkend="crop" />.</para>
+
+    <para>When simultaneous capturing and overlay is supported and
+the hardware prohibits different image and window sizes, the size
+requested first takes precedence. The attempt to capture or overlay as
+well (&VIDIOC-S-FMT;) may fail with an &EBUSY; or return accordingly
+modified parameters.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-window">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_window</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-rect;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>w</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Size and position of the window relative to the
+top, left corner of the frame buffer defined with &VIDIOC-S-FBUF;. The
+window can extend the frame buffer width and height, the
+<structfield>x</structfield> and <structfield>y</structfield>
+coordinates can be negative, and it can lie completely outside the
+frame buffer. The driver clips the window accordingly, or if that is
+not possible, modifies its size and/or position.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-field;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>field</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Applications set this field to determine which
+video field shall be overlaid, typically one of
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_ANY</constant> (0),
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_TOP</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_BOTTOM</constant> or
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED</constant>. Drivers may have to choose
+a different field order and return the actual setting here.</entry>
+            </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>chromakey</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>When chroma-keying has been negotiated with
+&VIDIOC-S-FBUF; applications set this field to the desired pixel value
+for the chroma key. The format is the same as the pixel format of the
+framebuffer (&v4l2-framebuffer;
+<structfield>fmt.pixelformat</structfield> field), with bytes in host
+order. E.&nbsp;g. for <link
+linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-BGR32"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR24</constant></link>
+the value should be 0xRRGGBB on a little endian, 0xBBGGRR on a big
+endian host.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-clip; *</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>clips</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>When chroma-keying has <emphasis>not</emphasis>
+been negotiated and &VIDIOC-G-FBUF; indicated this capability,
+applications can set this field to point to an array of
+clipping rectangles.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Like the window coordinates
+<structfield>w</structfield>, clipping rectangles are defined relative
+to the top, left corner of the frame buffer. However clipping
+rectangles must not extend the frame buffer width and height, and they
+must not overlap. If possible applications should merge adjacent
+rectangles. Whether this must create x-y or y-x bands, or the order of
+rectangles, is not defined. When clip lists are not supported the
+driver ignores this field. Its contents after calling &VIDIOC-S-FMT;
+are undefined.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>clipcount</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>When the application set the
+<structfield>clips</structfield> field, this field must contain the
+number of clipping rectangles in the list. When clip lists are not
+supported the driver ignores this field, its contents after calling
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> are undefined. When clip lists are
+supported but no clipping is desired this field must be set to
+zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>void *</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>bitmap</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>When chroma-keying has
+<emphasis>not</emphasis> been negotiated and &VIDIOC-G-FBUF; indicated
+this capability, applications can set this field to point to a
+clipping bit mask.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="hspan"><para>It must be of the same size
+as the window, <structfield>w.width</structfield> and
+<structfield>w.height</structfield>. Each bit corresponds to a pixel
+in the overlaid image, which is displayed only when the bit is
+<emphasis>set</emphasis>. Pixel coordinates translate to bits like:
+<programlisting>
+((__u8 *) <structfield>bitmap</structfield>)[<structfield>w.width</structfield> * y + x / 8] &amp; (1 &lt;&lt; (x &amp; 7))</programlisting></para><para>where <structfield>0</structfield> &le; x &lt;
+<structfield>w.width</structfield> and <structfield>0</structfield> &le;
+y &lt;<structfield>w.height</structfield>.<footnote>
+                  <para>Should we require
+              <structfield>w.width</structfield> to be a multiple of
+              eight?</para>
+                </footnote></para><para>When a clipping
+bit mask is not supported the driver ignores this field, its contents
+after calling &VIDIOC-S-FMT; are undefined. When a bit mask is supported
+but no clipping is desired this field must be set to
+<constant>NULL</constant>.</para><para>Applications need not create a
+clip list or bit mask. When they pass both, or despite negotiating
+chroma-keying, the results are undefined. Regardless of the chosen
+method, the clipping abilities of the hardware may be limited in
+quantity or quality. The results when these limits are exceeded are
+undefined.<footnote>
+                  <para>When the image is written into frame buffer
+memory it will be undesirable if the driver clips out less pixels
+than expected, because the application and graphics system are not
+aware these regions need to be refreshed. The driver should clip out
+more pixels or not write the image at all.</para>
+                </footnote></para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>global_alpha</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The global alpha value used to blend the
+framebuffer with video images, if global alpha blending has been
+negotiated (<constant>V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_GLOBAL_ALPHA</constant>, see
+&VIDIOC-S-FBUF;, <xref linkend="framebuffer-flags" />).</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Note this field was added in Linux 2.6.23, extending the structure. However
+the <link linkend="vidioc-g-fmt">VIDIOC_G/S/TRY_FMT</link> ioctls,
+which take a pointer to a <link
+linkend="v4l2-format">v4l2_format</link> parent structure with padding
+bytes at the end, are not affected.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-clip">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_clip</structname><footnote>
+          <para>The X Window system defines "regions" which are
+vectors of struct BoxRec { short x1, y1, x2, y2; } with width = x2 -
+x1 and height = y2 - y1, so one cannot pass X11 clip lists
+directly.</para>
+        </footnote></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-rect;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>c</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Coordinates of the clipping rectangle, relative to
+the top, left corner of the frame buffer. Only window pixels
+<emphasis>outside</emphasis> all clipping rectangles are
+displayed.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-clip; *</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>next</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Pointer to the next clipping rectangle, NULL when
+this is the last rectangle. Drivers ignore this field, it cannot be
+used to pass a linked list of clipping rectangles.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <!-- NB for easier reading this table is duplicated
+    in the vidioc-cropcap chapter.-->
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-rect">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_rect</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__s32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>left</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Horizontal offset of the top, left corner of the
+rectangle, in pixels.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__s32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>top</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Vertical offset of the top, left corner of the
+rectangle, in pixels. Offsets increase to the right and down.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__s32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>width</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Width of the rectangle, in pixels.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__s32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>height</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Height of the rectangle, in pixels. Width and
+height cannot be negative, the fields are signed for hysterical
+reasons. <!-- video4linux-list@redhat.com on 22 Oct 2002 subject
+"Re:[V4L][patches!] Re:v4l2/kernel-2.5" --></entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Enabling Overlay</title>
+
+    <para>To start or stop the frame buffer overlay applications call
+the &VIDIOC-OVERLAY; ioctl.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-radio.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-radio.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..73aa90b45b34
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-radio.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+  <title>Radio Interface</title>
+
+  <para>This interface is intended for AM and FM (analog) radio
+receivers and transmitters.</para>
+
+  <para>Conventionally V4L2 radio devices are accessed through
+character device special files named <filename>/dev/radio</filename>
+and <filename>/dev/radio0</filename> to
+<filename>/dev/radio63</filename> with major number 81 and minor
+numbers 64 to 127.</para>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Querying Capabilities</title>
+
+    <para>Devices supporting the radio interface set the
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_RADIO</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_TUNER</constant> or
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_MODULATOR</constant> flag in the
+<structfield>capabilities</structfield> field of &v4l2-capability;
+returned by the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl. Other combinations of
+capability flags are reserved for future extensions.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Supplemental Functions</title>
+
+    <para>Radio devices can support <link
+linkend="control">controls</link>, and must support the <link
+linkend="tuner">tuner or modulator</link> ioctls.</para>
+
+    <para>They do not support the video input or output, audio input
+or output, video standard, cropping and scaling, compression and
+streaming parameter, or overlay ioctls. All other ioctls and I/O
+methods are reserved for future extensions.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Programming</title>
+
+    <para>Radio devices may have a couple audio controls (as discussed
+in <xref linkend="control" />) such as a volume control, possibly custom
+controls. Further all radio devices have one tuner or modulator (these are
+discussed in <xref linkend="tuner" />) with index number zero to select
+the radio frequency and to determine if a monaural or FM stereo
+program is received/emitted. Drivers switch automatically between AM and FM
+depending on the selected frequency. The &VIDIOC-G-TUNER; or
+&VIDIOC-G-MODULATOR; ioctl
+reports the supported frequency range.</para>
+  </section>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+ -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-raw-vbi.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-raw-vbi.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..c5a70bdfaf27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-raw-vbi.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,347 @@
+  <title>Raw VBI Data Interface</title>
+
+  <para>VBI is an abbreviation of Vertical Blanking Interval, a gap
+in the sequence of lines of an analog video signal. During VBI
+no picture information is transmitted, allowing some time while the
+electron beam of a cathode ray tube TV returns to the top of the
+screen. Using an oscilloscope you will find here the vertical
+synchronization pulses and short data packages ASK
+modulated<footnote><para>ASK: Amplitude-Shift Keying. A high signal
+level represents a '1' bit, a low level a '0' bit.</para></footnote>
+onto the video signal. These are transmissions of services such as
+Teletext or Closed Caption.</para>
+
+  <para>Subject of this interface type is raw VBI data, as sampled off
+a video signal, or to be added to a signal for output.
+The data format is similar to uncompressed video images, a number of
+lines times a number of samples per line, we call this a VBI image.</para>
+
+  <para>Conventionally V4L2 VBI devices are accessed through character
+device special files named <filename>/dev/vbi</filename> and
+<filename>/dev/vbi0</filename> to <filename>/dev/vbi31</filename> with
+major number 81 and minor numbers 224 to 255.
+<filename>/dev/vbi</filename> is typically a symbolic link to the
+preferred VBI device. This convention applies to both input and output
+devices.</para>
+
+  <para>To address the problems of finding related video and VBI
+devices VBI capturing and output is also available as device function
+under <filename>/dev/video</filename>. To capture or output raw VBI
+data with these devices applications must call the &VIDIOC-S-FMT;
+ioctl. Accessed as <filename>/dev/vbi</filename>, raw VBI capturing
+or output is the default device function.</para>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Querying Capabilities</title>
+
+      <para>Devices supporting the raw VBI capturing or output API set
+the <constant>V4L2_CAP_VBI_CAPTURE</constant> or
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_VBI_OUTPUT</constant> flags, respectively, in the
+<structfield>capabilities</structfield> field of &v4l2-capability;
+returned by the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl. At least one of the
+read/write, streaming or asynchronous I/O methods must be
+supported. VBI devices may or may not have a tuner or modulator.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Supplemental Functions</title>
+
+      <para>VBI devices shall support <link linkend="video">video
+input or output</link>, <link linkend="tuner">tuner or
+modulator</link>, and <link linkend="control">controls</link> ioctls
+as needed. The <link linkend="standard">video standard</link> ioctls provide
+information vital to program a VBI device, therefore must be
+supported.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Raw VBI Format Negotiation</title>
+
+      <para>Raw VBI sampling abilities can vary, in particular the
+sampling frequency. To properly interpret the data V4L2 specifies an
+ioctl to query the sampling parameters. Moreover, to allow for some
+flexibility applications can also suggest different parameters.</para>
+
+      <para>As usual these parameters are <emphasis>not</emphasis>
+reset at &func-open; time to permit Unix tool chains, programming a
+device and then reading from it as if it was a plain file. Well
+written V4L2 applications should always ensure they really get what
+they want, requesting reasonable parameters and then checking if the
+actual parameters are suitable.</para>
+
+      <para>To query the current raw VBI capture parameters
+applications set the <structfield>type</structfield> field of a
+&v4l2-format; to <constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_CAPTURE</constant> or
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_OUTPUT</constant>, and call the
+&VIDIOC-G-FMT; ioctl with a pointer to this structure. Drivers fill
+the &v4l2-vbi-format; <structfield>vbi</structfield> member of the
+<structfield>fmt</structfield> union.</para>
+
+      <para>To request different parameters applications set the
+<structfield>type</structfield> field of a &v4l2-format; as above and
+initialize all fields of the &v4l2-vbi-format;
+<structfield>vbi</structfield> member of the
+<structfield>fmt</structfield> union, or better just modify the
+results of <constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant>, and call the
+&VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl with a pointer to this structure. Drivers return
+an &EINVAL; only when the given parameters are ambiguous, otherwise
+they modify the parameters according to the hardware capabilites and
+return the actual parameters. When the driver allocates resources at
+this point, it may return an &EBUSY; to indicate the returned
+parameters are valid but the required resources are currently not
+available. That may happen for instance when the video and VBI areas
+to capture would overlap, or when the driver supports multiple opens
+and another process already requested VBI capturing or output. Anyway,
+applications must expect other resource allocation points which may
+return <errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode>, at the &VIDIOC-STREAMON; ioctl
+and the first read(), write() and select() call.</para>
+
+      <para>VBI devices must implement both the
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> ioctl, even if
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> ignores all requests and always
+returns default parameters as <constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant> does.
+<constant>VIDIOC_TRY_FMT</constant> is optional.</para>
+
+      <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-vbi-format">
+        <title>struct <structname>v4l2_vbi_format</structname></title>
+        <tgroup cols="3">
+          &cs-str;
+          <tbody valign="top">
+            <row>
+              <entry>__u32</entry>
+              <entry><structfield>sampling_rate</structfield></entry>
+              <entry>Samples per second, i.&nbsp;e. unit 1 Hz.</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry>__u32</entry>
+              <entry><structfield>offset</structfield></entry>
+              <entry><para>Horizontal offset of the VBI image,
+relative to the leading edge of the line synchronization pulse and
+counted in samples: The first sample in the VBI image will be located
+<structfield>offset</structfield> /
+<structfield>sampling_rate</structfield> seconds following the leading
+edge. See also <xref linkend="vbi-hsync" />.</para></entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry>__u32</entry>
+              <entry><structfield>samples_per_line</structfield></entry>
+              <entry></entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry>__u32</entry>
+              <entry><structfield>sample_format</structfield></entry>
+              <entry><para>Defines the sample format as in <xref
+linkend="pixfmt" />, a four-character-code.<footnote>
+                    <para>A few devices may be unable to
+sample VBI data at all but can extend the video capture window to the
+VBI region.</para>
+                  </footnote> Usually this is
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_GREY</constant>, i.&nbsp;e. each sample
+consists of 8 bits with lower values oriented towards the black level.
+Do not assume any other correlation of values with the signal level.
+For example, the MSB does not necessarily indicate if the signal is
+'high' or 'low' because 128 may not be the mean value of the
+signal. Drivers shall not convert the sample format by software.</para></entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry>__u32</entry>
+              <entry><structfield>start</structfield>[2]</entry>
+              <entry>This is the scanning system line number
+associated with the first line of the VBI image, of the first and the
+second field respectively. See <xref linkend="vbi-525" /> and
+<xref linkend="vbi-625" /> for valid values. VBI input drivers can
+return start values 0 if the hardware cannot reliable identify
+scanning lines, VBI acquisition may not require this
+information.</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry>__u32</entry>
+              <entry><structfield>count</structfield>[2]</entry>
+              <entry>The number of lines in the first and second
+field image, respectively.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="hspan"><para>Drivers should be as
+flexibility as possible. For example, it may be possible to extend or
+move the VBI capture window down to the picture area, implementing a
+'full field mode' to capture data service transmissions embedded in
+the picture.</para><para>An application can set the first or second
+<structfield>count</structfield> value to zero if no data is required
+from the respective field; <structfield>count</structfield>[1] if the
+scanning system is progressive, &ie; not interlaced. The
+corresponding start value shall be ignored by the application and
+driver. Anyway, drivers may not support single field capturing and
+return both count values non-zero.</para><para>Both
+<structfield>count</structfield> values set to zero, or line numbers
+outside the bounds depicted in <xref linkend="vbi-525" /> and <xref
+                    linkend="vbi-625" />, or a field image covering
+lines of two fields, are invalid and shall not be returned by the
+driver.</para><para>To initialize the <structfield>start</structfield>
+and <structfield>count</structfield> fields, applications must first
+determine the current video standard selection. The &v4l2-std-id; or
+the <structfield>framelines</structfield> field of &v4l2-standard; can
+be evaluated for this purpose.</para></entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry>__u32</entry>
+              <entry><structfield>flags</structfield></entry>
+              <entry>See <xref linkend="vbifmt-flags" /> below. Currently
+only drivers set flags, applications must set this field to
+zero.</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry>__u32</entry>
+              <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[2]</entry>
+              <entry>This array is reserved for future extensions.
+Drivers and applications must set it to zero.</entry>
+            </row>
+          </tbody>
+        </tgroup>
+      </table>
+
+      <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="vbifmt-flags">
+        <title>Raw VBI Format Flags</title>
+        <tgroup cols="3">
+          &cs-def;
+          <tbody valign="top">
+            <row>
+              <entry><constant>V4L2_VBI_UNSYNC</constant></entry>
+              <entry>0x0001</entry>
+              <entry><para>This flag indicates hardware which does not
+properly distinguish between fields. Normally the VBI image stores the
+first field (lower scanning line numbers) first in memory. This may be
+a top or bottom field depending on the video standard. When this flag
+is set the first or second field may be stored first, however the
+fields are still in correct temporal order with the older field first
+in memory.<footnote>
+                  <para>Most VBI services transmit on both fields, but
+some have different semantics depending on the field number. These
+cannot be reliable decoded or encoded when
+<constant>V4L2_VBI_UNSYNC</constant> is set.</para>
+                </footnote></para></entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry><constant>V4L2_VBI_INTERLACED</constant></entry>
+              <entry>0x0002</entry>
+              <entry>By default the two field images will be passed
+sequentially; all lines of the first field followed by all lines of
+the second field (compare <xref linkend="field-order" />
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_SEQ_TB</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_SEQ_BT</constant>, whether the top or bottom
+field is first in memory depends on the video standard). When this
+flag is set, the two fields are interlaced (cf.
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED</constant>). The first line of the
+first field followed by the first line of the second field, then the
+two second lines, and so on. Such a layout may be necessary when the
+hardware has been programmed to capture or output interlaced video
+images and is unable to separate the fields for VBI capturing at
+the same time. For simplicity setting this flag implies that both
+<structfield>count</structfield> values are equal and non-zero.</entry>
+            </row>
+          </tbody>
+        </tgroup>
+      </table>
+
+      <figure id="vbi-hsync">
+        <title>Line synchronization</title>
+        <mediaobject>
+          <imageobject>
+            <imagedata fileref="vbi_hsync.pdf" format="PS" />
+          </imageobject>
+          <imageobject>
+            <imagedata fileref="vbi_hsync.gif" format="GIF" />
+          </imageobject>
+          <textobject>
+            <phrase>Line synchronization diagram</phrase>
+          </textobject>
+        </mediaobject>
+      </figure>
+
+      <figure id="vbi-525">
+        <title>ITU-R 525 line numbering (M/NTSC and M/PAL)</title>
+        <mediaobject>
+          <imageobject>
+            <imagedata fileref="vbi_525.pdf" format="PS" />
+          </imageobject>
+          <imageobject>
+            <imagedata fileref="vbi_525.gif" format="GIF" />
+          </imageobject>
+          <textobject>
+            <phrase>NTSC field synchronization diagram</phrase>
+          </textobject>
+          <caption>
+            <para>(1) For the purpose of this specification field 2
+starts in line 264 and not 263.5 because half line capturing is not
+supported.</para>
+          </caption>
+        </mediaobject>
+      </figure>
+
+      <figure id="vbi-625">
+        <title>ITU-R 625 line numbering</title>
+        <mediaobject>
+          <imageobject>
+            <imagedata fileref="vbi_625.pdf" format="PS" />
+          </imageobject>
+          <imageobject>
+            <imagedata fileref="vbi_625.gif" format="GIF" />
+          </imageobject>
+          <textobject>
+            <phrase>PAL/SECAM field synchronization diagram</phrase>
+          </textobject>
+          <caption>
+            <para>(1) For the purpose of this specification field 2
+starts in line 314 and not 313.5 because half line capturing is not
+supported.</para>
+          </caption>
+        </mediaobject>
+      </figure>
+
+      <para>Remember the VBI image format depends on the selected
+video standard, therefore the application must choose a new standard or
+query the current standard first. Attempts to read or write data ahead
+of format negotiation, or after switching the video standard which may
+invalidate the negotiated VBI parameters, should be refused by the
+driver. A format change during active I/O is not permitted.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Reading and writing VBI images</title>
+
+      <para>To assure synchronization with the field number and easier
+implementation, the smallest unit of data passed at a time is one
+frame, consisting of two fields of VBI images immediately following in
+memory.</para>
+
+      <para>The total size of a frame computes as follows:</para>
+
+      <programlisting>
+(<structfield>count</structfield>[0] + <structfield>count</structfield>[1]) *
+<structfield>samples_per_line</structfield> * sample size in bytes</programlisting>
+
+      <para>The sample size is most likely always one byte,
+applications must check the <structfield>sample_format</structfield>
+field though, to function properly with other drivers.</para>
+
+      <para>A VBI device may support <link
+      linkend="rw">read/write</link> and/or streaming (<link
+      linkend="mmap">memory mapping</link> or <link
+      linkend="userp">user pointer</link>) I/O. The latter bears the
+possibility of synchronizing video and
+VBI data by using buffer timestamps.</para>
+
+      <para>Remember the &VIDIOC-STREAMON; ioctl and the first read(),
+write() and select() call can be resource allocation points returning
+an &EBUSY; if the required hardware resources are temporarily
+unavailable, for example the device is already in use by another
+process.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-rds.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-rds.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..0869d701b1e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-rds.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+     <title>RDS Interface</title>
+
+      <para>The Radio Data System transmits supplementary
+information in binary format, for example the station name or travel
+information, on an inaudible audio subcarrier of a radio program. This
+interface is aimed at devices capable of receiving and decoding RDS
+information.</para>
+
+      <para>For more information see the core RDS standard <xref linkend="en50067" />
+and the RBDS standard <xref linkend="nrsc4" />.</para>
+
+      <para>Note that the RBDS standard as is used in the USA is almost identical
+to the RDS standard. Any RDS decoder can also handle RBDS. Only some of the fields
+have slightly different meanings. See the RBDS standard for more information.</para>
+
+      <para>The RBDS standard also specifies support for MMBS (Modified Mobile Search).
+This is a proprietary format which seems to be discontinued. The RDS interface does not
+support this format. Should support for MMBS (or the so-called 'E blocks' in general)
+be needed, then please contact the linux-media mailing list: &v4l-ml;.</para>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Querying Capabilities</title>
+
+    <para>Devices supporting the RDS capturing API
+set the <constant>V4L2_CAP_RDS_CAPTURE</constant> flag in
+the <structfield>capabilities</structfield> field of &v4l2-capability;
+returned by the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl.
+Any tuner that supports RDS will set the
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_RDS</constant> flag in the <structfield>capability</structfield>
+field of &v4l2-tuner;.
+Whether an RDS signal is present can be detected by looking at
+the <structfield>rxsubchans</structfield> field of &v4l2-tuner;: the
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_RDS</constant> will be set if RDS data was detected.</para>
+
+    <para>Devices supporting the RDS output API
+set the <constant>V4L2_CAP_RDS_OUTPUT</constant> flag in
+the <structfield>capabilities</structfield> field of &v4l2-capability;
+returned by the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl.
+Any modulator that supports RDS will set the
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_RDS</constant> flag in the <structfield>capability</structfield>
+field of &v4l2-modulator;.
+In order to enable the RDS transmission one must set the <constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_RDS</constant>
+bit in the <structfield>txsubchans</structfield> field of &v4l2-modulator;.</para>
+
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Reading RDS data</title>
+
+      <para>RDS data can be read from the radio device
+with the &func-read; function. The data is packed in groups of three bytes,
+as follows:</para>
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-rds-data">
+      <title>struct
+<structname>v4l2_rds_data</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        <colspec colname="c1" colwidth="1*" />
+        <colspec colname="c2" colwidth="1*" />
+        <colspec colname="c3" colwidth="5*" />
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>lsb</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Least Significant Byte of RDS Block</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>msb</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Most Significant Byte of RDS Block</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>block</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Block description</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-rds-block">
+      <title>Block description</title>
+      <tgroup cols="2">
+        <colspec colname="c1" colwidth="1*" />
+        <colspec colname="c2" colwidth="5*" />
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>Bits 0-2</entry>
+            <entry>Block (aka offset) of the received data.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Bits 3-5</entry>
+            <entry>Deprecated. Currently identical to bits 0-2. Do not use these bits.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Bit 6</entry>
+            <entry>Corrected bit. Indicates that an error was corrected for this data block.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Bit 7</entry>
+            <entry>Error bit. Indicates that an uncorrectable error occurred during reception of this block.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-rds-block-codes">
+      <title>Block defines</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        <colspec colname="c1" colwidth="1*" />
+        <colspec colname="c2" colwidth="1*" />
+        <colspec colname="c3" colwidth="5*" />
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_MSK</entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>Mask for bits 0-2 to get the block ID.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_A</entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>Block A.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_B</entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>Block B.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_C</entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>Block C.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_D</entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>Block D.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_C_ALT</entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>Block C'.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_INVALID</entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>An invalid block.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_CORRECTED</entry>
+            <entry>0x40</entry>
+            <entry>A bit error was detected but corrected.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_ERROR</entry>
+            <entry>0x80</entry>
+            <entry>An incorrectable error occurred.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </section>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+ -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-sliced-vbi.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-sliced-vbi.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..69e789fa7f7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-sliced-vbi.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,708 @@
+  <title>Sliced VBI Data Interface</title>
+
+  <para>VBI stands for Vertical Blanking Interval, a gap in the
+sequence of lines of an analog video signal. During VBI no picture
+information is transmitted, allowing some time while the electron beam
+of a cathode ray tube TV returns to the top of the screen.</para>
+
+  <para>Sliced VBI devices use hardware to demodulate data transmitted
+in the VBI. V4L2 drivers shall <emphasis>not</emphasis> do this by
+software, see also the <link linkend="raw-vbi">raw VBI
+interface</link>. The data is passed as short packets of fixed size,
+covering one scan line each. The number of packets per video frame is
+variable.</para>
+
+  <para>Sliced VBI capture and output devices are accessed through the
+same character special files as raw VBI devices. When a driver
+supports both interfaces, the default function of a
+<filename>/dev/vbi</filename> device is <emphasis>raw</emphasis> VBI
+capturing or output, and the sliced VBI function is only available
+after calling the &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl as defined below. Likewise a
+<filename>/dev/video</filename> device may support the sliced VBI API,
+however the default function here is video capturing or output.
+Different file descriptors must be used to pass raw and sliced VBI
+data simultaneously, if this is supported by the driver.</para>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Querying Capabilities</title>
+
+    <para>Devices supporting the sliced VBI capturing or output API
+set the <constant>V4L2_CAP_SLICED_VBI_CAPTURE</constant> or
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_SLICED_VBI_OUTPUT</constant> flag respectively, in
+the <structfield>capabilities</structfield> field of &v4l2-capability;
+returned by the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl. At least one of the
+read/write, streaming or asynchronous <link linkend="io">I/O
+methods</link> must be supported. Sliced VBI devices may have a tuner
+or modulator.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Supplemental Functions</title>
+
+    <para>Sliced VBI devices shall support <link linkend="video">video
+input or output</link> and <link linkend="tuner">tuner or
+modulator</link> ioctls if they have these capabilities, and they may
+support <link linkend="control">control</link> ioctls. The <link
+linkend="standard">video standard</link> ioctls provide information
+vital to program a sliced VBI device, therefore must be
+supported.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="sliced-vbi-format-negotitation">
+    <title>Sliced VBI Format Negotiation</title>
+
+    <para>To find out which data services are supported by the
+hardware applications can call the &VIDIOC-G-SLICED-VBI-CAP; ioctl.
+All drivers implementing the sliced VBI interface must support this
+ioctl. The results may differ from those of the &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl
+when the number of VBI lines the hardware can capture or output per
+frame, or the number of services it can identify on a given line are
+limited. For example on PAL line 16 the hardware may be able to look
+for a VPS or Teletext signal, but not both at the same time.</para>
+
+    <para>To determine the currently selected services applications
+set the <structfield>type </structfield> field of &v4l2-format; to
+<constant> V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_CAPTURE</constant> or <constant>
+V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_OUTPUT</constant>, and the &VIDIOC-G-FMT;
+ioctl fills the <structfield>fmt.sliced</structfield> member, a
+&v4l2-sliced-vbi-format;.</para>
+
+    <para>Applications can request different parameters by
+initializing or modifying the <structfield>fmt.sliced</structfield>
+member and calling the &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl with a pointer to the
+<structname>v4l2_format</structname> structure.</para>
+
+    <para>The sliced VBI API is more complicated than the raw VBI API
+because the hardware must be told which VBI service to expect on each
+scan line. Not all services may be supported by the hardware on all
+lines (this is especially true for VBI output where Teletext is often
+unsupported and other services can only be inserted in one specific
+line). In many cases, however, it is sufficient to just set the
+<structfield>service_set</structfield> field to the required services
+and let the driver fill the <structfield>service_lines</structfield>
+array according to hardware capabilities. Only if more precise control
+is needed should the programmer set the
+<structfield>service_lines</structfield> array explicitly.</para>
+
+    <para>The &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl modifies the parameters
+according to hardware capabilities. When the driver allocates
+resources at this point, it may return an &EBUSY; if the required
+resources are temporarily unavailable. Other resource allocation
+points which may return <errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode> can be the
+&VIDIOC-STREAMON; ioctl and the first &func-read;, &func-write; and
+&func-select; call.</para>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-sliced-vbi-format">
+      <title>struct
+<structname>v4l2_sliced_vbi_format</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="5">
+        <colspec colname="c1" colwidth="3*" />
+        <colspec colname="c2" colwidth="3*" />
+        <colspec colname="c3" colwidth="2*" />
+        <colspec colname="c4" colwidth="2*" />
+        <colspec colname="c5" colwidth="2*" />
+        <spanspec namest="c3" nameend="c5" spanname="hspan" />
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>service_set</structfield></entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan"><para>If
+<structfield>service_set</structfield> is non-zero when passed with
+&VIDIOC-S-FMT; or &VIDIOC-TRY-FMT;, the
+<structfield>service_lines</structfield> array will be filled by the
+driver according to the services specified in this field. For example,
+if <structfield>service_set</structfield> is initialized with
+<constant>V4L2_SLICED_TELETEXT_B | V4L2_SLICED_WSS_625</constant>, a
+driver for the cx25840 video decoder sets lines 7-22 of both
+fields<footnote><para>According to <link
+linkend="ets300706">ETS&nbsp;300&nbsp;706</link> lines 6-22 of the
+first field and lines 5-22 of the second field may carry Teletext
+data.</para></footnote> to <constant>V4L2_SLICED_TELETEXT_B</constant>
+and line 23 of the first field to
+<constant>V4L2_SLICED_WSS_625</constant>. If
+<structfield>service_set</structfield> is set to zero, then the values
+of <structfield>service_lines</structfield> will be used instead.
+</para><para>On return the driver sets this field to the union of all
+elements of the returned <structfield>service_lines</structfield>
+array. It may contain less services than requested, perhaps just one,
+if the hardware cannot handle more services simultaneously. It may be
+empty (zero) if none of the requested services are supported by the
+hardware.</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u16</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>service_lines</structfield>[2][24]</entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan"><para>Applications initialize this
+array with sets of data services the driver shall look for or insert
+on the respective scan line. Subject to hardware capabilities drivers
+return the requested set, a subset, which may be just a single
+service, or an empty set. When the hardware cannot handle multiple
+services on the same line the driver shall choose one. No assumptions
+can be made on which service the driver chooses.</para><para>Data
+services are defined in <xref linkend="vbi-services2" />. Array indices
+map to ITU-R line numbers (see also <xref linkend="vbi-525" /> and <xref
+                  linkend="vbi-625" />) as follows: <!-- No nested
+tables, sigh. --></para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Element</entry>
+            <entry>525 line systems</entry>
+            <entry>625 line systems</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry><structfield>service_lines</structfield>[0][1]</entry>
+            <entry align="center">1</entry>
+            <entry align="center">1</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry><structfield>service_lines</structfield>[0][23]</entry>
+            <entry align="center">23</entry>
+            <entry align="center">23</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry><structfield>service_lines</structfield>[1][1]</entry>
+            <entry align="center">264</entry>
+            <entry align="center">314</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry><structfield>service_lines</structfield>[1][23]</entry>
+            <entry align="center">286</entry>
+            <entry align="center">336</entry>
+          </row>
+          <!-- End of line numbers table. -->
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">Drivers must set
+<structfield>service_lines</structfield>[0][0] and
+<structfield>service_lines</structfield>[1][0] to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>io_size</structfield></entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">Maximum number of bytes passed by
+one &func-read; or &func-write; call, and the buffer size in bytes for
+the &VIDIOC-QBUF; and &VIDIOC-DQBUF; ioctl. Drivers set this field to
+the size of &v4l2-sliced-vbi-data; times the number of non-zero
+elements in the returned <structfield>service_lines</structfield>
+array (that is the number of lines potentially carrying data).</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[2]</entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">This array is reserved for future
+extensions. Applications and drivers must set it to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <!-- See also vidioc-g-sliced-vbi-cap.sgml -->
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="vbi-services2">
+      <title>Sliced VBI services</title>
+      <tgroup cols="5">
+        <colspec colname="c1" colwidth="2*" />
+        <colspec colname="c2" colwidth="1*" />
+        <colspec colname="c3" colwidth="1*" />
+        <colspec colname="c4" colwidth="2*" />
+        <colspec colname="c5" colwidth="2*" />
+        <spanspec namest="c3" nameend="c5" spanname="rlp" />
+        <thead>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Symbol</entry>
+            <entry>Value</entry>
+            <entry>Reference</entry>
+            <entry>Lines, usually</entry>
+            <entry>Payload</entry>
+          </row>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_SLICED_TELETEXT_B</constant>
+(Teletext System B)</entry>
+            <entry>0x0001</entry>
+            <entry><xref linkend="ets300706" />, <xref linkend="itu653" /></entry>
+            <entry>PAL/SECAM line 7-22, 320-335 (second field 7-22)</entry>
+            <entry>Last 42 of the 45 byte Teletext packet, that is
+without clock run-in and framing code, lsb first transmitted.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_SLICED_VPS</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0400</entry>
+            <entry><xref linkend="ets300231" /></entry>
+            <entry>PAL line 16</entry>
+            <entry>Byte number 3 to 15 according to Figure 9 of
+ETS&nbsp;300&nbsp;231, lsb first transmitted.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_SLICED_CAPTION_525</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x1000</entry>
+            <entry><xref linkend="eia608" /></entry>
+            <entry>NTSC line 21, 284 (second field 21)</entry>
+            <entry>Two bytes in transmission order, including parity
+bit, lsb first transmitted.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_SLICED_WSS_625</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x4000</entry>
+            <entry><xref linkend="itu1119" />, <xref linkend="en300294" /></entry>
+            <entry>PAL/SECAM line 23</entry>
+            <entry><screen>
+Byte         0                 1
+      msb         lsb  msb           lsb
+ Bit  7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0  x x 13 12 11 10 9
+</screen></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_SLICED_VBI_525</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x1000</entry>
+            <entry spanname="rlp">Set of services applicable to 525
+line systems.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_SLICED_VBI_625</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x4401</entry>
+            <entry spanname="rlp">Set of services applicable to 625
+line systems.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <para>Drivers may return an &EINVAL; when applications attempt to
+read or write data without prior format negotiation, after switching
+the video standard (which may invalidate the negotiated VBI
+parameters) and after switching the video input (which may change the
+video standard as a side effect). The &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl may return
+an &EBUSY; when applications attempt to change the format while i/o is
+in progress (between a &VIDIOC-STREAMON; and &VIDIOC-STREAMOFF; call,
+and after the first &func-read; or &func-write; call).</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Reading and writing sliced VBI data</title>
+
+    <para>A single &func-read; or &func-write; call must pass all data
+belonging to one video frame. That is an array of
+<structname>v4l2_sliced_vbi_data</structname> structures with one or
+more elements and a total size not exceeding
+<structfield>io_size</structfield> bytes. Likewise in streaming I/O
+mode one buffer of <structfield>io_size</structfield> bytes must
+contain data of one video frame. The <structfield>id</structfield> of
+unused <structname>v4l2_sliced_vbi_data</structname> elements must be
+zero.</para>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-sliced-vbi-data">
+      <title>struct
+<structname>v4l2_sliced_vbi_data</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>id</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>A flag from <xref linkend="vbi-services" />
+identifying the type of data in this packet. Only a single bit must be
+set. When the <structfield>id</structfield> of a captured packet is
+zero, the packet is empty and the contents of other fields are
+undefined. Applications shall ignore empty packets. When the
+<structfield>id</structfield> of a packet for output is zero the
+contents of the <structfield>data</structfield> field are undefined
+and the driver must no longer insert data on the requested
+<structfield>field</structfield> and
+<structfield>line</structfield>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>field</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The video field number this data has been captured
+from, or shall be inserted at. <constant>0</constant> for the first
+field, <constant>1</constant> for the second field.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>line</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The field (as opposed to frame) line number this
+data has been captured from, or shall be inserted at. See <xref
+            linkend="vbi-525" /> and <xref linkend="vbi-625" /> for valid
+values. Sliced VBI capture devices can set the line number of all
+packets to <constant>0</constant> if the hardware cannot reliably
+identify scan lines. The field number must always be valid.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>This field is reserved for future extensions.
+Applications and drivers must set it to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>data</structfield>[48]</entry>
+            <entry>The packet payload. See <xref
+            linkend="vbi-services" /> for the contents and number of
+bytes passed for each data type. The contents of padding bytes at the
+end of this array are undefined, drivers and applications shall ignore
+them.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <para>Packets are always passed in ascending line number order,
+without duplicate line numbers. The &func-write; function and the
+&VIDIOC-QBUF; ioctl must return an &EINVAL; when applications violate
+this rule. They must also return an &EINVAL; when applications pass an
+incorrect field or line number, or a combination of
+<structfield>field</structfield>, <structfield>line</structfield> and
+<structfield>id</structfield> which has not been negotiated with the
+&VIDIOC-G-FMT; or &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl. When the line numbers are
+unknown the driver must pass the packets in transmitted order. The
+driver can insert empty packets with <structfield>id</structfield> set
+to zero anywhere in the packet array.</para>
+
+    <para>To assure synchronization and to distinguish from frame
+dropping, when a captured frame does not carry any of the requested
+data services drivers must pass one or more empty packets. When an
+application fails to pass VBI data in time for output, the driver
+must output the last VPS and WSS packet again, and disable the output
+of Closed Caption and Teletext data, or output data which is ignored
+by Closed Caption and Teletext decoders.</para>
+
+    <para>A sliced VBI device may support <link
+linkend="rw">read/write</link> and/or streaming (<link
+linkend="mmap">memory mapping</link> and/or <link linkend="userp">user
+pointer</link>) I/O. The latter bears the possibility of synchronizing
+video and VBI data by using buffer timestamps.</para>
+
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Sliced VBI Data in MPEG Streams</title>
+
+    <para>If a device can produce an MPEG output stream, it may be
+capable of providing <link
+linkend="sliced-vbi-format-negotitation">negotiated sliced VBI
+services</link> as data embedded in the MPEG stream.  Users or
+applications control this sliced VBI data insertion with the <link
+linkend="v4l2-mpeg-stream-vbi-fmt">V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_VBI_FMT</link>
+control.</para>
+
+    <para>If the driver does not provide the <link
+linkend="v4l2-mpeg-stream-vbi-fmt">V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_VBI_FMT</link>
+control, or only allows that control to be set to <link
+linkend="v4l2-mpeg-stream-vbi-fmt"><constant>
+V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_VBI_FMT_NONE</constant></link>, then the device
+cannot embed sliced VBI data in the MPEG stream.</para>
+
+    <para>The <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-stream-vbi-fmt">
+V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_VBI_FMT</link> control does not implicitly set
+the device driver to capture nor cease capturing sliced VBI data.  The
+control only indicates to embed sliced VBI data in the MPEG stream, if
+an application has negotiated sliced VBI service be captured.</para>
+
+    <para>It may also be the case that a device can embed sliced VBI
+data in only certain types of MPEG streams: for example in an MPEG-2
+PS but not an MPEG-2 TS.  In this situation, if sliced VBI data
+insertion is requested, the sliced VBI data will be embedded in MPEG
+stream types when supported, and silently omitted from MPEG stream
+types where sliced VBI data insertion is not supported by the device.
+</para>
+
+    <para>The following subsections specify the format of the
+embedded sliced VBI data.</para>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>MPEG Stream Embedded, Sliced VBI Data Format: NONE</title>
+    <para>The <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-stream-vbi-fmt"><constant>
+V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_VBI_FMT_NONE</constant></link> embedded sliced VBI
+format shall be interpreted by drivers as a control to cease
+embedding sliced VBI data in MPEG streams.  Neither the device nor
+driver shall insert "empty" embedded sliced VBI data packets in the
+MPEG stream when this format is set.  No MPEG stream data structures
+are specified for this format.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>MPEG Stream Embedded, Sliced VBI Data Format: IVTV</title>
+    <para>The <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-stream-vbi-fmt"><constant>
+V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_VBI_FMT_IVTV</constant></link> embedded sliced VBI
+format, when supported, indicates to the driver to embed up to 36
+lines of sliced VBI data per frame in an MPEG-2 <emphasis>Private
+Stream 1 PES</emphasis> packet encapsulated in an MPEG-2 <emphasis>
+Program Pack</emphasis> in the MPEG stream.</para>
+
+    <para><emphasis>Historical context</emphasis>: This format
+specification originates from a custom, embedded, sliced VBI data
+format used by the <filename>ivtv</filename> driver.  This format
+has already been informally specified in the kernel sources in the
+file <filename>Documentation/video4linux/cx2341x/README.vbi</filename>
+.  The maximum size of the payload and other aspects of this format
+are driven by the CX23415 MPEG decoder's capabilities and limitations
+with respect to extracting, decoding, and displaying sliced VBI data
+embedded within an MPEG stream.</para>
+
+    <para>This format's use is <emphasis>not</emphasis> exclusive to
+the <filename>ivtv</filename> driver <emphasis>nor</emphasis>
+exclusive to CX2341x devices, as the sliced VBI data packet insertion
+into the MPEG stream is implemented in driver software.  At least the
+<filename>cx18</filename> driver provides sliced VBI data insertion
+into an MPEG-2 PS in this format as well.</para>
+
+    <para>The following definitions specify the payload of the
+MPEG-2 <emphasis>Private Stream 1 PES</emphasis> packets that contain
+sliced VBI data when <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-stream-vbi-fmt">
+<constant>V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_VBI_FMT_IVTV</constant></link> is set.
+(The MPEG-2 <emphasis>Private Stream 1 PES</emphasis> packet header
+and encapsulating MPEG-2 <emphasis>Program Pack</emphasis> header are
+not detailed here.  Please refer to the MPEG-2 specifications for
+details on those packet headers.)</para>
+
+    <para>The payload of the MPEG-2 <emphasis>Private Stream 1 PES
+</emphasis> packets that contain sliced VBI data is specified by
+&v4l2-mpeg-vbi-fmt-ivtv;.  The payload is variable
+length, depending on the actual number of lines of sliced VBI data
+present in a video frame.  The payload may be padded at the end with
+unspecified fill bytes to align the end of the payload to a 4-byte
+boundary.  The payload shall never exceed 1552 bytes (2 fields with
+18 lines/field with 43 bytes of data/line and a 4 byte magic number).
+</para>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-fmt-ivtv">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_mpeg_vbi_fmt_ivtv</structname>
+      </title>
+      <tgroup cols="4">
+        &cs-ustr;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>magic</structfield>[4]</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>A "magic" constant from <xref
+            linkend="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-fmt-ivtv-magic" /> that indicates
+this is a valid sliced VBI data payload and also indicates which
+member of the anonymous union, <structfield>itv0</structfield> or
+<structfield>ITV0</structfield>, to use for the payload data.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>union</entry>
+            <entry>(anonymous)</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>struct <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-itv0">
+              <structname>v4l2_mpeg_vbi_itv0</structname></link>
+            </entry>
+            <entry><structfield>itv0</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The primary form of the sliced VBI data payload
+that contains anywhere from 1 to 35 lines of sliced VBI data.
+Line masks are provided in this form of the payload indicating
+which VBI lines are provided.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>struct <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-itv0-1">
+              <structname>v4l2_mpeg_vbi_ITV0</structname></link>
+            </entry>
+            <entry><structfield>ITV0</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>An alternate form of the sliced VBI data payload
+used when 36 lines of sliced VBI data are present.  No line masks are
+provided in this form of the payload; all valid line mask bits are
+implcitly set.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-fmt-ivtv-magic">
+      <title>Magic Constants for &v4l2-mpeg-vbi-fmt-ivtv;
+        <structfield>magic</structfield> field</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <thead>
+          <row>
+            <entry align="left">Defined Symbol</entry>
+            <entry align="left">Value</entry>
+            <entry align="left">Description</entry>
+          </row>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_VBI_IVTV_MAGIC0</constant>
+            </entry>
+            <entry>"itv0"</entry>
+            <entry>Indicates the <structfield>itv0</structfield>
+member of the union in &v4l2-mpeg-vbi-fmt-ivtv; is valid.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_VBI_IVTV_MAGIC1</constant>
+            </entry>
+            <entry>"ITV0"</entry>
+            <entry>Indicates the <structfield>ITV0</structfield>
+member of the union in &v4l2-mpeg-vbi-fmt-ivtv; is valid and
+that 36 lines of sliced VBI data are present.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-itv0">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_mpeg_vbi_itv0</structname>
+      </title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__le32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>linemask</structfield>[2]</entry>
+            <entry><para>Bitmasks indicating the VBI service lines
+present.  These <structfield>linemask</structfield> values are stored
+in little endian byte order in the MPEG stream.  Some reference
+<structfield>linemask</structfield> bit positions with their
+corresponding VBI line number and video field are given below.
+b<subscript>0</subscript> indicates the least significant bit of a
+<structfield>linemask</structfield> value:<screen>
+<structfield>linemask</structfield>[0] b<subscript>0</subscript>:               line  6         first field
+<structfield>linemask</structfield>[0] b<subscript>17</subscript>:              line 23         first field
+<structfield>linemask</structfield>[0] b<subscript>18</subscript>:              line  6         second field
+<structfield>linemask</structfield>[0] b<subscript>31</subscript>:              line 19         second field
+<structfield>linemask</structfield>[1] b<subscript>0</subscript>:               line 20         second field
+<structfield>linemask</structfield>[1] b<subscript>3</subscript>:               line 23         second field
+<structfield>linemask</structfield>[1] b<subscript>4</subscript>-b<subscript>31</subscript>:    unused and set to 0</screen></para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>struct <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-itv0-line">
+              <structname>v4l2_mpeg_vbi_itv0_line</structname></link>
+            </entry>
+            <entry><structfield>line</structfield>[35]</entry>
+            <entry>This is a variable length array that holds from 1
+to 35 lines of sliced VBI data.  The sliced VBI data lines present
+correspond to the bits set in the <structfield>linemask</structfield>
+array, starting from b<subscript>0</subscript> of <structfield>
+linemask</structfield>[0] up through b<subscript>31</subscript> of
+<structfield>linemask</structfield>[0], and from b<subscript>0
+</subscript> of <structfield>linemask</structfield>[1] up through b
+<subscript>3</subscript> of <structfield>linemask</structfield>[1].
+<structfield>line</structfield>[0] corresponds to the first bit
+found set in the <structfield>linemask</structfield> array,
+<structfield>line</structfield>[1] corresponds to the second bit
+found set in the <structfield>linemask</structfield> array, etc.
+If no <structfield>linemask</structfield> array bits are set, then
+<structfield>line</structfield>[0] may contain one line of
+unspecified data that should be ignored by applications.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-itv0-1">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_mpeg_vbi_ITV0</structname>
+      </title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>struct <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-itv0-line">
+              <structname>v4l2_mpeg_vbi_itv0_line</structname></link>
+            </entry>
+            <entry><structfield>line</structfield>[36]</entry>
+            <entry>A fixed length array of 36 lines of sliced VBI
+data.  <structfield>line</structfield>[0] through <structfield>line
+</structfield>[17] correspond to lines 6 through 23 of the
+first field.  <structfield>line</structfield>[18] through
+<structfield>line</structfield>[35] corresponds to lines 6
+through 23 of the second field.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-itv0-line">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_mpeg_vbi_itv0_line</structname>
+      </title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>id</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>A line identifier value from
+<xref linkend="ITV0-Line-Identifier-Constants" /> that indicates
+the type of sliced VBI data stored on this line.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>data</structfield>[42]</entry>
+            <entry>The sliced VBI data for the line.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="ITV0-Line-Identifier-Constants">
+      <title>Line Identifiers for struct <link
+      linkend="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-itv0-line"><structname>
+v4l2_mpeg_vbi_itv0_line</structname></link> <structfield>id
+</structfield> field</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <thead>
+          <row>
+            <entry align="left">Defined Symbol</entry>
+            <entry align="left">Value</entry>
+            <entry align="left">Description</entry>
+          </row>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_VBI_IVTV_TELETEXT_B</constant>
+            </entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>Refer to <link linkend="vbi-services2">
+Sliced VBI services</link> for a description of the line payload.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_VBI_IVTV_CAPTION_525</constant>
+            </entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>Refer to <link linkend="vbi-services2">
+Sliced VBI services</link> for a description of the line payload.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_VBI_IVTV_WSS_625</constant>
+            </entry>
+            <entry>5</entry>
+            <entry>Refer to <link linkend="vbi-services2">
+Sliced VBI services</link> for a description of the line payload.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_VBI_IVTV_VPS</constant>
+            </entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>Refer to <link linkend="vbi-services2">
+Sliced VBI services</link> for a description of the line payload.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+  </section>
+  </section>
+
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+ -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-teletext.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-teletext.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..76184e8ed618
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-teletext.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+  <title>Teletext Interface</title>
+
+  <para>This interface aims at devices receiving and demodulating
+Teletext data [<xref linkend="ets300706" />, <xref linkend="itu653" />], evaluating the
+Teletext packages and storing formatted pages in cache memory. Such
+devices are usually implemented as microcontrollers with serial
+interface (I<superscript>2</superscript>C) and can be found on older
+TV cards, dedicated Teletext decoding cards and home-brew devices
+connected to the PC parallel port.</para>
+
+  <para>The Teletext API was designed by Martin Buck. It is defined in
+the kernel header file <filename>linux/videotext.h</filename>, the
+specification is available from <ulink url="ftp://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/linux/misc/videotext/">
+ftp://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/linux/misc/videotext/</ulink>. (Videotext is the name of
+the German public television Teletext service.) Conventional character
+device file names are <filename>/dev/vtx</filename> and
+<filename>/dev/vttuner</filename>, with device number 83, 0 and 83, 16
+respectively. A similar interface exists for the Philips SAA5249
+Teletext decoder [specification?] with character device file names
+<filename>/dev/tlkN</filename>, device number 102, N.</para>
+
+  <para>Eventually the Teletext API was integrated into the V4L API
+with character device file names <filename>/dev/vtx0</filename> to
+<filename>/dev/vtx31</filename>, device major number 81, minor numbers
+192 to 223. For reference the V4L Teletext API specification is
+reproduced here in full: "Teletext interfaces talk the existing VTX
+API." Teletext devices with major number 83 and 102 will be removed in
+Linux 2.6.</para>
+
+  <para>There are no plans to replace the Teletext API or to integrate
+it into V4L2. Please write to the linux-media mailing list: &v4l-ml;
+when the need arises.</para>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/driver.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/driver.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..1f7eea5c4ec3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/driver.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+  <title>V4L2 Driver Programming</title>
+
+  <!-- This part defines the interface between the "videodev"
+    module and individual drivers. -->
+
+  <para>to do</para>
+<!--
+  <para>V4L2 is a two-layer driver system. The top layer is the "videodev"
+kernel module. When videodev initializes it registers as character device
+with major number 81, and it registers a set of file operations. All V4L2
+drivers are really clients of videodev, which calls V4L2 drivers through
+driver method functions. V4L2 drivers are also written as kernel modules.
+After probing the hardware they register one or more devices with
+videodev.</para>
+
+  <section id="driver-modules">
+    <title>Driver Modules</title>
+
+    <para>V4L2 driver modules must have an initialization function which is
+called after the module was loaded into kernel, an exit function whis is
+called before the module is removed.  When the driver is compiled into the
+kernel these functions called at system boot and shutdown time.</para>
+
+    <informalexample>
+      <programlisting>
+#include &lt;linux/module.h&gt;
+
+/* Export information about this module. For details and other useful
+   macros see <filename>linux/module.h</filename>. */
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("my - driver for my hardware");
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Your name here");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
+static void
+my_module_exit (void)
+{
+        /* Free all resources allocated by my_module_init(). */
+}
+
+static int
+my_module_init (void)
+{
+        /* Bind the driver to the supported hardware, see
+           <link linkend="driver-pci"> and
+           <link linkend="driver-usb"> for examples. */
+
+        return 0; /* a negative value on error, 0 on success. */
+}
+
+/* Export module functions. */
+module_init (my_module_init);
+module_exit (my_module_exit);
+</programlisting>
+    </informalexample>
+
+    <para>Users can add parameters when kernel modules are inserted:</para>
+
+    <informalexample>
+      <programlisting>
+include &lt;linux/moduleparam.h&gt;
+
+static int my_option = 123;
+static int my_option_array[47];
+
+/* Export the symbol, an int, with access permissions 0664.
+   See <filename>linux/moduleparam.h</filename> for other types. */
+module_param (my_option, int, 0644);
+module_param_array (my_option_array, int, NULL, 0644);
+
+MODULE_PARM_DESC (my_option, "Does magic things, default 123");
+</programlisting>
+    </informalexample>
+
+    <para>One parameter should be supported by all V4L2 drivers, the minor
+number of the device it will register. Purpose is to predictably link V4L2
+drivers to device nodes if more than one video device is installed. Use the
+name of the device node followed by a "_nr" suffix, for example "video_nr"
+for <filename>/dev/video</filename>.</para>
+
+    <informalexample>
+      <programlisting>
+/* Minor number of the device, -1 to allocate the first unused. */
+static int video_nr = -1;
+
+module_param (video_nr, int, 0444);
+</programlisting>
+    </informalexample>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="driver-pci">
+    <title>PCI Devices</title>
+
+    <para>PCI devices are initialized like this:</para>
+
+    <informalexample>
+      <programlisting>
+typedef struct {
+        /* State of one physical device. */
+} my_device;
+
+static int
+my_resume               (struct pci_dev *               pci_dev)
+{
+        /* Restore the suspended device to working state. */
+}
+
+static int
+my_suspend              (struct pci_dev *               pci_dev,
+                         pm_message_t                   state)
+{
+        /* This function is called before the system goes to sleep.
+           Stop all DMAs and disable interrupts, then put the device
+           into a low power state. For details see the kernel
+           sources under <filename>Documentation/power</filename>. */
+
+        return 0; /* a negative value on error, 0 on success. */
+}
+
+static void __devexit
+my_remove               (struct pci_dev *               pci_dev)
+{
+        my_device *my = pci_get_drvdata (pci_dev);
+
+        /* Describe me. */
+}
+
+static int __devinit
+my_probe                (struct pci_dev *               pci_dev,
+                         const struct pci_device_id *   pci_id)
+{
+        my_device *my;
+
+        /* Describe me. */
+
+        /* You can allocate per-device data here and store a pointer
+           to it in the pci_dev structure. */
+        my = ...;
+        pci_set_drvdata (pci_dev, my);
+
+        return 0; /* a negative value on error, 0 on success. */
+}
+
+/* A list of supported PCI devices. */
+static struct pci_device_id
+my_pci_device_ids [] = {
+        { PCI_VENDOR_ID_FOO, PCI_DEVICE_ID_BAR,
+          PCI_ANY_ID, PCI_ANY_ID, 0, 0, 0 },
+        { 0 } /* end of list */
+};
+
+/* Load our module if supported PCI devices are installed. */
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE (pci, my_pci_device_ids);
+
+static struct pci_driver
+my_pci_driver = {
+        .name     = "my",
+        .id_table = my_pci_device_ids,
+
+        .probe    = my_probe,
+        .remove   = __devexit_p (my_remove),
+
+        /* Power management functions. */
+        .suspend  = my_suspend,
+        .resume   = my_resume,
+};
+
+static void
+my_module_exit          (void)
+{
+        pci_unregister_driver (&my_pci_driver);
+}
+
+static int
+my_module_init          (void)
+{
+        return pci_register_driver (&my_pci_driver);
+}
+</programlisting>
+    </informalexample>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="driver-usb">
+    <title>USB Devices</title>
+    <para>to do</para>
+  </section>
+  <section id="driver-registering">
+    <title>Registering V4L2 Drivers</title>
+
+    <para>After a V4L2 driver probed the hardware it registers one or more
+devices with the videodev module.</para>
+  </section>
+  <section id="driver-file-ops">
+    <title>File Operations</title>
+    <para>to do</para>
+  </section>
+  <section id="driver-internal-api">
+    <title>Internal API</title>
+    <para>to do</para>
+  </section>
+-->
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/fdl-appendix.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/fdl-appendix.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b6ce50dbe492
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/fdl-appendix.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,671 @@
+<!--
+     The GNU Free Documentation License 1.1 in DocBook
+     Markup by Eric Baudais <baudais@okstate.edu>
+     Maintained by the GNOME Documentation Project
+     http://developer.gnome.org/projects/gdp
+     Version: 1.0.1
+     Last Modified: Nov 16, 2000
+-->
+
+<appendix id="fdl">
+  <appendixinfo>
+    <releaseinfo>
+      Version 1.1, March 2000
+    </releaseinfo>
+    <copyright>
+      <year>2000</year><holder>Free Software Foundation, Inc.</holder>
+    </copyright>
+    <legalnotice id="fdl-legalnotice">
+      <para>
+        <address>Free Software Foundation, Inc. <street>59 Temple Place,
+        Suite 330</street>, <city>Boston</city>, <state>MA</state>
+        <postcode>02111-1307</postcode>  <country>USA</country></address>
+        Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this
+        license document, but changing it is not allowed.
+      </para>
+    </legalnotice>
+  </appendixinfo>
+  <title>GNU Free Documentation License</title>
+
+  <sect1 id="fdl-preamble">
+    <title>0. PREAMBLE</title>
+    <para>
+      The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or
+      other written document <quote>free</quote> in the sense of
+      freedom: to assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and
+      redistribute it, with or without modifying it, either
+      commercially or noncommercially. Secondarily, this License
+      preserves for the author and publisher a way to get credit for
+      their work, while not being considered responsible for
+      modifications made by others.
+    </para>
+
+    <para>
+      This License is a kind of <quote>copyleft</quote>, which means
+      that derivative works of the document must themselves be free in
+      the same sense. It complements the GNU General Public License,
+      which is a copyleft license designed for free software.
+    </para>
+
+    <para>
+      We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for
+      free software, because free software needs free documentation: a
+      free program should come with manuals providing the same
+      freedoms that the software does. But this License is not limited
+      to software manuals; it can be used for any textual work,
+      regardless of subject matter or whether it is published as a
+      printed book. We recommend this License principally for works
+      whose purpose is instruction or reference.
+    </para>
+  </sect1>
+  <sect1 id="fdl-section1">
+    <title>1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS</title>
+    <para id="fdl-document">
+      This License applies to any manual or other work that contains a
+      notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be
+      distributed under the terms of this License. The
+      <quote>Document</quote>, below, refers to any such manual or
+      work. Any member of the public is a licensee, and is addressed
+      as <quote>you</quote>.
+    </para>
+
+    <para id="fdl-modified">
+      A <quote>Modified Version</quote> of the Document means any work
+      containing the Document or a portion of it, either copied
+      verbatim, or with modifications and/or translated into another
+      language.
+    </para>
+
+    <para id="fdl-secondary">
+      A <quote>Secondary Section</quote> is a named appendix or a
+      front-matter section of the <link
+      linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> that deals exclusively
+      with the relationship of the publishers or authors of the
+      Document to the Document's overall subject (or to related
+      matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly within
+      that overall subject. (For example, if the Document is in part a
+      textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain any
+      mathematics.)  The relationship could be a matter of historical
+      connection with the subject or with related matters, or of
+      legal, commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position
+      regarding them.
+    </para>
+
+    <para id="fdl-invariant">
+      The <quote>Invariant Sections</quote> are certain <link
+      linkend="fdl-secondary"> Secondary Sections</link> whose titles
+      are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the
+      notice that says that the <link
+      linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> is released under this
+      License.
+    </para>
+
+    <para id="fdl-cover-texts">
+      The <quote>Cover Texts</quote> are certain short passages of
+      text that are listed, as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts,
+      in the notice that says that the <link
+      linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> is released under this
+      License.
+    </para>
+
+    <para id="fdl-transparent">
+      A <quote>Transparent</quote> copy of the <link
+      linkend="fdl-document"> Document</link> means a machine-readable
+      copy, represented in a format whose specification is available
+      to the general public, whose contents can be viewed and edited
+      directly and straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for
+      images composed of pixels) generic paint programs or (for
+      drawings) some widely available drawing editor, and that is
+      suitable for input to text formatters or for automatic
+      translation to a variety of formats suitable for input to text
+      formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file format
+      whose markup has been designed to thwart or discourage
+      subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent.  A copy
+      that is not <quote>Transparent</quote> is called
+      <quote>Opaque</quote>.
+    </para>
+
+    <para>
+      Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include
+      plain ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input
+      format, SGML or XML using a publicly available DTD, and
+      standard-conforming simple HTML designed for human
+      modification. Opaque formats include PostScript, PDF,
+      proprietary formats that can be read and edited only by
+      proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD
+      and/or processing tools are not generally available, and the
+      machine-generated HTML produced by some word processors for
+      output purposes only.
+    </para>
+
+    <para id="fdl-title-page">
+      The <quote>Title Page</quote> means, for a printed book, the
+      title page itself, plus such following pages as are needed to
+      hold, legibly, the material this License requires to appear in
+      the title page. For works in formats which do not have any title
+      page as such, <quote>Title Page</quote> means the text near the
+      most prominent appearance of the work's title, preceding the
+      beginning of the body of the text.
+    </para>
+  </sect1>
+
+  <sect1 id="fdl-section2">
+    <title>2. VERBATIM COPYING</title>
+    <para>
+      You may copy and distribute the <link
+      linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> in any medium, either
+      commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the
+      copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License
+      applies to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that
+      you add no other conditions whatsoever to those of this
+      License. You may not use technical measures to obstruct or
+      control the reading or further copying of the copies you make or
+      distribute. However, you may accept compensation in exchange for
+      copies. If you distribute a large enough number of copies you
+      must also follow the conditions in <link
+      linkend="fdl-section3">section 3</link>.
+    </para>
+
+    <para>
+      You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated
+      above, and you may publicly display copies.
+    </para>
+    </sect1>
+
+  <sect1 id="fdl-section3">
+    <title>3. COPYING IN QUANTITY</title>
+    <para>
+      If you publish printed copies of the <link
+      linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> numbering more than 100,
+      and the Document's license notice requires <link
+      linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Cover Texts</link>, you must enclose
+      the copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these
+      Cover Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and
+      Back-Cover Texts on the back cover. Both covers must also
+      clearly and legibly identify you as the publisher of these
+      copies. The front cover must present the full title with all
+      words of the title equally prominent and visible. You may add
+      other material on the covers in addition. Copying with changes
+      limited to the covers, as long as they preserve the title of the
+      <link linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> and satisfy these
+      conditions, can be treated as verbatim copying in other
+      respects.
+    </para>
+
+    <para>
+      If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit
+      legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit
+      reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto
+      adjacent pages.
+    </para>
+
+    <para>
+      If you publish or distribute <link
+      linkend="fdl-transparent">Opaque</link> copies of the <link
+      linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> numbering more than 100,
+      you must either include a machine-readable <link
+      linkend="fdl-transparent">Transparent</link> copy along with
+      each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy a
+      publicly-accessible computer-network location containing a
+      complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added
+      material, which the general network-using public has access to
+      download anonymously at no charge using public-standard network
+      protocols. If you use the latter option, you must take
+      reasonably prudent steps, when you begin distribution of Opaque
+      copies in quantity, to ensure that this Transparent copy will
+      remain thus accessible at the stated location until at least one
+      year after the last time you distribute an Opaque copy (directly
+      or through your agents or retailers) of that edition to the
+      public.
+    </para>
+
+    <para>
+      It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors
+      of the <link linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> well before
+      redistributing any large number of copies, to give them a chance
+      to provide you with an updated version of the Document.
+    </para>
+    </sect1>
+
+  <sect1 id="fdl-section4">
+    <title>4. MODIFICATIONS</title>
+    <para>
+      You may copy and distribute a <link
+      linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version</link> of the <link
+      linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> under the conditions of
+      sections <link linkend="fdl-section2">2</link> and <link
+      linkend="fdl-section3">3</link> above, provided that you release
+      the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the
+      Modified Version filling the role of the Document, thus
+      licensing distribution and modification of the Modified Version
+      to whoever possesses a copy of it. In addition, you must do
+      these things in the Modified Version:
+    </para>
+
+    <itemizedlist mark="opencircle">
+      <listitem>
+        <formalpara>
+          <title>A</title>
+          <para>
+            Use in the <link linkend="fdl-title-page">Title
+            Page</link> (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct
+            from that of the <link
+            linkend="fdl-document">Document</link>, and from those of
+            previous versions (which should, if there were any, be
+            listed in the History section of the Document). You may
+            use the same title as a previous version if the original
+            publisher of that version gives permission.
+          </para>
+        </formalpara>
+      </listitem>
+
+      <listitem>
+        <formalpara>
+          <title>B</title>
+          <para>
+            List on the <link linkend="fdl-title-page">Title
+            Page</link>, as authors, one or more persons or entities
+            responsible for authorship of the modifications in the
+            <link linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version</link>,
+            together with at least five of the principal authors of
+            the <link linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> (all of
+            its principal authors, if it has less than five).
+          </para>
+        </formalpara>
+      </listitem>
+
+      <listitem>
+        <formalpara>
+          <title>C</title>
+          <para>
+            State on the <link linkend="fdl-title-page">Title
+            Page</link> the name of the publisher of the <link
+            linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version</link>, as the
+            publisher.
+          </para>
+        </formalpara>
+      </listitem>
+
+      <listitem>
+        <formalpara>
+          <title>D</title>
+          <para>
+            Preserve all the copyright notices of the <link
+            linkend="fdl-document">Document</link>.
+          </para>
+        </formalpara>
+      </listitem>
+
+      <listitem>
+        <formalpara>
+          <title>E</title>
+          <para>
+            Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications
+            adjacent to the other copyright notices.
+          </para>
+        </formalpara>
+      </listitem>
+
+      <listitem>
+        <formalpara>
+          <title>F</title>
+          <para>
+            Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a
+            license notice giving the public permission to use the
+            <link linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version</link> under
+            the terms of this License, in the form shown in the
+            Addendum below.
+          </para>
+        </formalpara>
+      </listitem>
+
+      <listitem>
+        <formalpara>
+          <title>G</title>
+          <para>
+            Preserve in that license notice the full lists of <link
+            linkend="fdl-invariant"> Invariant Sections</link> and
+            required <link linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Cover
+            Texts</link> given in the <link
+            linkend="fdl-document">Document's</link> license notice.
+          </para>
+        </formalpara>
+      </listitem>
+
+      <listitem>
+        <formalpara>
+          <title>H</title>
+          <para>
+            Include an unaltered copy of this License.
+          </para>
+        </formalpara>
+      </listitem>
+
+      <listitem>
+        <formalpara>
+          <title>I</title>
+          <para>
+            Preserve the section entitled <quote>History</quote>, and
+            its title, and add to it an item stating at least the
+            title, year, new authors, and publisher of the <link
+            linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version </link>as given on
+            the <link linkend="fdl-title-page">Title Page</link>.  If
+            there is no section entitled <quote>History</quote> in the
+            <link linkend="fdl-document">Document</link>, create one
+            stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the
+            Document as given on its Title Page, then add an item
+            describing the Modified Version as stated in the previous
+            sentence.
+          </para>
+        </formalpara>
+      </listitem>
+
+      <listitem>
+        <formalpara>
+          <title>J</title>
+          <para>
+            Preserve the network location, if any, given in the <link
+            linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> for public access
+            to a <link linkend="fdl-transparent">Transparent</link>
+            copy of the Document, and likewise the network locations
+            given in the Document for previous versions it was based
+            on. These may be placed in the <quote>History</quote>
+            section.  You may omit a network location for a work that
+            was published at least four years before the Document
+            itself, or if the original publisher of the version it
+            refers to gives permission.
+          </para>
+        </formalpara>
+      </listitem>
+
+      <listitem>
+        <formalpara>
+          <title>K</title>
+          <para>
+            In any section entitled <quote>Acknowledgements</quote> or
+            <quote>Dedications</quote>, preserve the section's title,
+            and preserve in the section all the substance and tone of
+            each of the contributor acknowledgements and/or
+            dedications given therein.
+          </para>
+        </formalpara>
+      </listitem>
+
+      <listitem>
+        <formalpara>
+          <title>L</title>
+          <para>
+            Preserve all the <link linkend="fdl-invariant">Invariant
+            Sections</link> of the <link
+            linkend="fdl-document">Document</link>, unaltered in their
+            text and in their titles.  Section numbers or the
+            equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.
+          </para>
+        </formalpara>
+      </listitem>
+
+      <listitem>
+        <formalpara>
+          <title>M</title>
+          <para>
+            Delete any section entitled
+            <quote>Endorsements</quote>. Such a section may not be
+            included in the <link linkend="fdl-modified">Modified
+            Version</link>.
+          </para>
+        </formalpara>
+      </listitem>
+
+      <listitem>
+        <formalpara>
+          <title>N</title>
+          <para>
+            Do not retitle any existing section as
+            <quote>Endorsements</quote> or to conflict in title with
+            any <link linkend="fdl-invariant">Invariant
+            Section</link>.
+          </para>
+        </formalpara>
+      </listitem>
+    </itemizedlist>
+
+    <para>
+      If the <link linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version</link>
+      includes new front-matter sections or appendices that qualify as
+      <link linkend="fdl-secondary">Secondary Sections</link> and
+      contain no material copied from the Document, you may at your
+      option designate some or all of these sections as invariant. To
+      do this, add their titles to the list of <link
+      linkend="fdl-invariant">Invariant Sections</link> in the
+      Modified Version's license notice.  These titles must be
+      distinct from any other section titles.
+    </para>
+
+    <para>
+      You may add a section entitled <quote>Endorsements</quote>,
+      provided it contains nothing but endorsements of your <link
+      linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version</link> by various
+      parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text
+      has been approved by an organization as the authoritative
+      definition of a standard.
+    </para>
+
+    <para>
+      You may add a passage of up to five words as a <link
+      linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Front-Cover Text</link>, and a passage
+      of up to 25 words as a <link
+      linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Back-Cover Text</link>, to the end of
+      the list of <link linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Cover Texts</link>
+      in the <link linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version</link>.
+      Only one passage of Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text
+      may be added by (or through arrangements made by) any one
+      entity. If the <link linkend="fdl-document">Document</link>
+      already includes a cover text for the same cover, previously
+      added by you or by arrangement made by the same entity you are
+      acting on behalf of, you may not add another; but you may
+      replace the old one, on explicit permission from the previous
+      publisher that added the old one.
+    </para>
+
+    <para>
+      The author(s) and publisher(s) of the <link
+      linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> do not by this License
+      give permission to use their names for publicity for or to
+      assert or imply endorsement of any <link
+      linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version </link>.
+    </para>
+  </sect1>
+
+  <sect1 id="fdl-section5">
+    <title>5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS</title>
+    <para>
+      You may combine the <link linkend="fdl-document">Document</link>
+      with other documents released under this License, under the
+      terms defined in <link linkend="fdl-section4">section 4</link>
+      above for modified versions, provided that you include in the
+      combination all of the <link linkend="fdl-invariant">Invariant
+      Sections</link> of all of the original documents, unmodified,
+      and list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in
+      its license notice.
+    </para>
+
+    <para>
+      The combined work need only contain one copy of this License,
+      and multiple identical <link linkend="fdl-invariant">Invariant
+      Sections</link> may be replaced with a single copy. If there are
+      multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but different
+      contents, make the title of each such section unique by adding
+      at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original
+      author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique
+      number. Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the
+      list of Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined
+      work.
+    </para>
+
+    <para>
+      In the combination, you must combine any sections entitled
+      <quote>History</quote> in the various original documents,
+      forming one section entitled <quote>History</quote>; likewise
+      combine any sections entitled <quote>Acknowledgements</quote>,
+      and any sections entitled <quote>Dedications</quote>.  You must
+      delete all sections entitled <quote>Endorsements.</quote>
+    </para>
+    </sect1>
+
+  <sect1 id="fdl-section6">
+    <title>6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS</title>
+    <para>
+      You may make a collection consisting of the <link
+      linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> and other documents
+      released under this License, and replace the individual copies
+      of this License in the various documents with a single copy that
+      is included in the collection, provided that you follow the
+      rules of this License for verbatim copying of each of the
+      documents in all other respects.
+    </para>
+
+    <para>
+      You may extract a single document from such a collection, and
+      dispbibute it individually under this License, provided you
+      insert a copy of this License into the extracted document, and
+      follow this License in all other respects regarding verbatim
+      copying of that document.
+    </para>
+    </sect1>
+
+  <sect1 id="fdl-section7">
+    <title>7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS</title>
+    <para>
+      A compilation of the <link
+      linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> or its derivatives with
+      other separate and independent documents or works, in or on a
+      volume of a storage or distribution medium, does not as a whole
+      count as a <link linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version</link>
+      of the Document, provided no compilation copyright is claimed
+      for the compilation.  Such a compilation is called an
+      <quote>aggregate</quote>, and this License does not apply to the
+      other self-contained works thus compiled with the Document , on
+      account of their being thus compiled, if they are not themselves
+      derivative works of the Document.  If the <link
+      linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Cover Text</link> requirement of <link
+      linkend="fdl-section3">section 3</link> is applicable to these
+      copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one
+      quarter of the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may
+      be placed on covers that surround only the Document within the
+      aggregate. Otherwise they must appear on covers around the whole
+      aggregate.
+    </para>
+    </sect1>
+
+  <sect1 id="fdl-section8">
+    <title>8. TRANSLATION</title>
+    <para>
+      Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may
+      distribute translations of the <link
+      linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> under the terms of <link
+      linkend="fdl-section4">section 4</link>. Replacing <link
+      linkend="fdl-invariant"> Invariant Sections</link> with
+      translations requires special permission from their copyright
+      holders, but you may include translations of some or all
+      Invariant Sections in addition to the original versions of these
+      Invariant Sections. You may include a translation of this
+      License provided that you also include the original English
+      version of this License. In case of a disagreement between the
+      translation and the original English version of this License,
+      the original English version will prevail.
+    </para>
+    </sect1>
+
+  <sect1 id="fdl-section9">
+    <title>9. TERMINATION</title>
+    <para>
+      You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the <link
+      linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> except as expressly
+      provided for under this License. Any other attempt to copy,
+      modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will
+      automatically terminate your rights under this License. However,
+      parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this
+      License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
+      parties remain in full compliance.
+    </para>
+    </sect1>
+
+  <sect1 id="fdl-section10">
+    <title>10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE</title>
+    <para>
+      The <ulink type="http"
+      url="http://www.gnu.org/fsf/fsf.html">Free Software
+      Foundation</ulink> may publish new, revised versions of the GNU
+      Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions
+      will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ
+      in detail to address new problems or concerns. See <ulink
+      type="http"
+      url="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft">http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/</ulink>.
+    </para>
+
+    <para>
+      Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version
+      number. If the <link linkend="fdl-document">Document</link>
+      specifies that a particular numbered version of this License
+      <quote>or any later version</quote> applies to it, you have the
+      option of following the terms and conditions either of that
+      specified version or of any later version that has been
+      published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If
+      the Document does not specify a version number of this License,
+      you may choose any version ever published (not as a draft) by
+      the Free Software Foundation.
+    </para>
+  </sect1>
+
+  <sect1 id="fdl-using">
+    <title>Addendum</title>
+    <para>
+      To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of
+      the License in the document and put the following copyright and
+      license notices just after the title page:
+    </para>
+
+    <blockquote>
+      <para>
+        Copyright &copy; YEAR YOUR NAME.
+      </para>
+      <para>
+        Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+        document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation
+        License, Version 1.1 or any later version published by the
+        Free Software Foundation; with the <link
+        linkend="fdl-invariant">Invariant Sections</link> being LIST
+        THEIR TITLES, with the <link
+        linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Front-Cover Texts</link> being LIST,
+        and with the <link linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Back-Cover
+        Texts</link> being LIST.  A copy of the license is included in
+        the section entitled <quote>GNU Free Documentation
+        License</quote>.
+      </para>
+    </blockquote>
+
+    <para>
+      If you have no <link linkend="fdl-invariant">Invariant
+      Sections</link>, write <quote>with no Invariant Sections</quote>
+      instead of saying which ones are invariant.  If you have no
+      <link linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Front-Cover Texts</link>, write
+      <quote>no Front-Cover Texts</quote> instead of
+      <quote>Front-Cover Texts being LIST</quote>; likewise for <link
+      linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Back-Cover Texts</link>.
+    </para>
+
+    <para>
+      If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code,
+      we recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your
+      choice of free software license, such as the <ulink type="http"
+      url="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html"> GNU General Public
+      License</ulink>, to permit their use in free software.
+    </para>
+  </sect1>
+</appendix>
+
+
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/fieldseq_bt.gif b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/fieldseq_bt.gif
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..60e8569a76c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/fieldseq_bt.gif
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/fieldseq_bt.pdf b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/fieldseq_bt.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..26598b23f80d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/fieldseq_bt.pdf
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/fieldseq_tb.gif b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/fieldseq_tb.gif
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..718492f1cfc7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/fieldseq_tb.gif
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/fieldseq_tb.pdf b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/fieldseq_tb.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..4965b22ddb3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/fieldseq_tb.pdf
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-close.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-close.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..dfb41cbbbec3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-close.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+<refentry id="func-close">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>V4L2 close()</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>v4l2-close</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Close a V4L2 device</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcsynopsisinfo>#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;</funcsynopsisinfo>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>close</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>Closes the device. Any I/O in progress is terminated and
+resources associated with the file descriptor are freed. However data
+format parameters, current input or output, control values or other
+properties remain unchanged.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Return Value</title>
+
+    <para>The function returns <returnvalue>0</returnvalue> on
+success, <returnvalue>-1</returnvalue> on failure and the
+<varname>errno</varname> is set appropriately. Possible error
+codes:</para>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBADF</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para><parameter>fd</parameter> is not a valid open file
+descriptor.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-ioctl.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-ioctl.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..00f9690e1c28
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-ioctl.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+<refentry id="func-ioctl">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>V4L2 ioctl()</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>v4l2-ioctl</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Program a V4L2 device</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcsynopsisinfo>#include &lt;sys/ioctl.h&gt;</funcsynopsisinfo>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>void *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>V4L2 ioctl request code as defined in the <link
+linkend="videodev">videodev.h</link> header file, for example
+VIDIOC_QUERYCAP.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Pointer to a function parameter, usually a structure.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>The <function>ioctl()</function> function is used to program
+V4L2 devices. The argument <parameter>fd</parameter> must be an open
+file descriptor. An ioctl <parameter>request</parameter> has encoded
+in it whether the argument is an input, output or read/write
+parameter, and the size of the argument <parameter>argp</parameter> in
+bytes. Macros and defines specifying V4L2 ioctl requests are located
+in the <link linkend="videodev">videodev.h</link> header file.
+Applications should use their own copy, not include the version in the
+kernel sources on the system they compile on. All V4L2 ioctl requests,
+their respective function and parameters are specified in <xref
+        linkend="user-func" />.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Return Value</title>
+
+    <para>On success the <function>ioctl()</function> function returns
+<returnvalue>0</returnvalue> and does not reset the
+<varname>errno</varname> variable. On failure
+<returnvalue>-1</returnvalue> is returned, when the ioctl takes an
+output or read/write parameter it remains unmodified, and the
+<varname>errno</varname> variable is set appropriately. See below for
+possible error codes. Generic errors like <errorcode>EBADF</errorcode>
+or <errorcode>EFAULT</errorcode> are not listed in the sections
+discussing individual ioctl requests.</para>
+    <para>Note ioctls may return undefined error codes. Since errors
+may have side effects such as a driver reset applications should
+abort on unexpected errors.</para>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBADF</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para><parameter>fd</parameter> is not a valid open file
+descriptor.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The property cannot be changed right now. Typically
+this error code is returned when I/O is in progress or the driver
+supports multiple opens and another process locked the property.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EFAULT</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para><parameter>argp</parameter> references an inaccessible
+memory area.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>ENOTTY</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para><parameter>fd</parameter> is  not  associated  with  a
+character special device.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <parameter>request</parameter> or the data pointed
+to by <parameter>argp</parameter> is not valid. This is a very common
+error code, see the individual ioctl requests listed in <xref
+              linkend="user-func" /> for actual causes.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>ENOMEM</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Not enough physical or virtual memory was available to
+complete the request.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>ERANGE</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The application attempted to set a control with the
+&VIDIOC-S-CTRL; ioctl to a value which is out of bounds.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-mmap.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-mmap.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..2e2fc3933aea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-mmap.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+<refentry id="func-mmap">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>V4L2 mmap()</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>v4l2-mmap</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Map device memory into application address space</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcsynopsisinfo>
+#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;
+#include &lt;sys/mman.h&gt;</funcsynopsisinfo>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>void *<function>mmap</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>void *<parameter>start</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>size_t <parameter>length</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>prot</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>flags</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>off_t <parameter>offset</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>start</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Map the buffer to this address in the
+application's address space. When the <constant>MAP_FIXED</constant>
+flag is specified, <parameter>start</parameter> must be a multiple of the
+pagesize and mmap will fail when the specified address
+cannot be used. Use of this option is discouraged; applications should
+just specify a <constant>NULL</constant> pointer here.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>length</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Length of the memory area to map. This must be the
+same value as returned by the driver in the &v4l2-buffer;
+<structfield>length</structfield> field.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>prot</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <parameter>prot</parameter> argument describes the
+desired memory protection. Regardless of the device type and the
+direction of data exchange it should be set to
+<constant>PROT_READ</constant> | <constant>PROT_WRITE</constant>,
+permitting read and write access to image buffers. Drivers should
+support at least this combination of flags. Note the Linux
+<filename>video-buf</filename> kernel module, which is used by the
+bttv, saa7134, saa7146, cx88 and vivi driver supports only
+<constant>PROT_READ</constant> | <constant>PROT_WRITE</constant>. When
+the driver does not support the desired protection the
+<function>mmap()</function> function fails.</para>
+          <para>Note device memory accesses (&eg; the memory on a
+graphics card with video capturing hardware) may incur a performance
+penalty compared to main memory accesses, or reads may be
+significantly slower than writes or vice versa. Other I/O methods may
+be more efficient in this case.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>flags</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <parameter>flags</parameter> parameter
+specifies the type of the mapped object, mapping options and whether
+modifications made to the mapped copy of the page are private to the
+process or are to be shared with other references.</para>
+          <para><constant>MAP_FIXED</constant> requests that the
+driver selects no other address than the one specified. If the
+specified address cannot be used, <function>mmap()</function> will fail. If
+<constant>MAP_FIXED</constant> is specified,
+<parameter>start</parameter> must be a multiple of the pagesize. Use
+of this option is discouraged.</para>
+          <para>One of the <constant>MAP_SHARED</constant> or
+<constant>MAP_PRIVATE</constant> flags must be set.
+<constant>MAP_SHARED</constant> allows applications to share the
+mapped memory with other (&eg; child-) processes. Note the Linux
+<filename>video-buf</filename> module which is used by the bttv,
+saa7134, saa7146, cx88 and vivi driver supports only
+<constant>MAP_SHARED</constant>. <constant>MAP_PRIVATE</constant>
+requests copy-on-write semantics. V4L2 applications should not set the
+<constant>MAP_PRIVATE</constant>, <constant>MAP_DENYWRITE</constant>,
+<constant>MAP_EXECUTABLE</constant> or <constant>MAP_ANON</constant>
+flag.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>offset</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Offset of the buffer in device memory. This must be the
+same value as returned by the driver in the &v4l2-buffer;
+<structfield>m</structfield> union <structfield>offset</structfield> field.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>The <function>mmap()</function> function asks to map
+<parameter>length</parameter> bytes starting at
+<parameter>offset</parameter> in the memory of the device specified by
+<parameter>fd</parameter> into the application address space,
+preferably at address <parameter>start</parameter>. This latter
+address is a hint only, and is usually specified as 0.</para>
+
+    <para>Suitable length and offset parameters are queried with the
+&VIDIOC-QUERYBUF; ioctl. Buffers must be allocated with the
+&VIDIOC-REQBUFS; ioctl before they can be queried.</para>
+
+    <para>To unmap buffers the &func-munmap; function is used.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Return Value</title>
+
+    <para>On success <function>mmap()</function> returns a pointer to
+the mapped buffer. On error <constant>MAP_FAILED</constant> (-1) is
+returned, and the <varname>errno</varname> variable is set
+appropriately. Possible error codes are:</para>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBADF</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para><parameter>fd</parameter> is not a valid file
+descriptor.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EACCES</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para><parameter>fd</parameter> is
+not open for reading and writing.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <parameter>start</parameter> or
+<parameter>length</parameter> or <parameter>offset</parameter> are not
+suitable. (E.&nbsp;g. they are too large, or not aligned on a
+<constant>PAGESIZE</constant> boundary.)</para>
+          <para>The <parameter>flags</parameter> or
+<parameter>prot</parameter> value is not supported.</para>
+          <para>No buffers have been allocated with the
+&VIDIOC-REQBUFS; ioctl.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>ENOMEM</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Not enough physical or virtual memory was available to
+complete the request.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-munmap.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-munmap.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..502ed49323b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-munmap.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+<refentry id="func-munmap">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>V4L2 munmap()</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>v4l2-munmap</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Unmap device memory</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcsynopsisinfo>
+#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;
+#include &lt;sys/mman.h&gt;</funcsynopsisinfo>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>munmap</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>void *<parameter>start</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>size_t <parameter>length</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>start</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Address of the mapped buffer as returned by the
+&func-mmap; function.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>length</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Length of the mapped buffer. This must be the same
+value as given to <function>mmap()</function> and returned by the
+driver in the &v4l2-buffer; <structfield>length</structfield>
+field.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>Unmaps a previously with the &func-mmap; function mapped
+buffer and frees it, if possible. <!-- ? This function (not freeing)
+has no impact on I/O in progress, specifically it does not imply
+&VIDIOC-STREAMOFF; to terminate I/O. Unmapped buffers can still be
+enqueued, dequeued or queried, they are just not accessible by the
+application.--></para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Return Value</title>
+
+    <para>On success <function>munmap()</function> returns 0, on
+failure -1 and the <varname>errno</varname> variable is set
+appropriately:</para>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <parameter>start</parameter> or
+<parameter>length</parameter> is incorrect, or no buffers have been
+mapped yet.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-open.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-open.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..7595d07a8c72
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-open.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+<refentry id="func-open">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>V4L2 open()</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>v4l2-open</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Open a V4L2 device</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcsynopsisinfo>#include &lt;fcntl.h&gt;</funcsynopsisinfo>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>open</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>const char *<parameter>device_name</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>flags</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>device_name</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Device to be opened.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>flags</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Open flags. Access mode must be
+<constant>O_RDWR</constant>. This is just a technicality, input devices
+still support only reading and output devices only writing.</para>
+          <para>When the <constant>O_NONBLOCK</constant> flag is
+given, the read() function and the &VIDIOC-DQBUF; ioctl will return
+the &EAGAIN; when no data is available or no buffer is in the driver
+outgoing queue, otherwise these functions block until data becomes
+available. All V4L2 drivers exchanging data with applications must
+support the <constant>O_NONBLOCK</constant> flag.</para>
+          <para>Other flags have no effect.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To open a V4L2 device applications call
+<function>open()</function> with the desired device name. This
+function has no side effects; all data format parameters, current
+input or output, control values or other properties remain unchanged.
+At the first <function>open()</function> call after loading the driver
+they will be reset to default values, drivers are never in an
+undefined state.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Return Value</title>
+
+    <para>On success <function>open</function> returns the new file
+descriptor. On error -1 is returned, and the <varname>errno</varname>
+variable is set appropriately. Possible error codes are:</para>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EACCES</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The caller has no permission to access the
+device.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The driver does not support multiple opens and the
+device is already in use.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>ENXIO</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>No device corresponding to this device special file
+exists.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>ENOMEM</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Not enough kernel memory was available to complete the
+request.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EMFILE</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The  process  already  has  the  maximum number of
+files open.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>ENFILE</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The limit on the total number of files open on the
+system has been reached.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-poll.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-poll.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..ec3c718f5963
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-poll.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+<refentry id="func-poll">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>V4L2 poll()</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>v4l2-poll</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Wait for some event on a file descriptor</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcsynopsisinfo>#include &lt;sys/poll.h&gt;</funcsynopsisinfo>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>poll</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>struct pollfd *<parameter>ufds</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>unsigned int <parameter>nfds</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>timeout</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>With the <function>poll()</function> function applications
+can suspend execution until the driver has captured data or is ready
+to accept data for output.</para>
+
+    <para>When streaming I/O has been negotiated this function waits
+until a buffer has been filled or displayed and can be dequeued with
+the &VIDIOC-DQBUF; ioctl. When buffers are already in the outgoing
+queue of the driver the function returns immediately.</para>
+
+    <para>On success <function>poll()</function> returns the number of
+file descriptors that have been selected (that is, file descriptors
+for which the <structfield>revents</structfield> field of the
+respective <structname>pollfd</structname> structure is non-zero).
+Capture devices set the <constant>POLLIN</constant> and
+<constant>POLLRDNORM</constant> flags in the
+<structfield>revents</structfield> field, output devices the
+<constant>POLLOUT</constant> and <constant>POLLWRNORM</constant>
+flags. When the function timed out it returns a value of zero, on
+failure it returns <returnvalue>-1</returnvalue> and the
+<varname>errno</varname> variable is set appropriately. When the
+application did not call &VIDIOC-QBUF; or &VIDIOC-STREAMON; yet the
+<function>poll()</function> function succeeds, but sets the
+<constant>POLLERR</constant> flag in the
+<structfield>revents</structfield> field.</para>
+
+    <para>When use of the <function>read()</function> function has
+been negotiated and the driver does not capture yet, the
+<function>poll</function> function starts capturing. When that fails
+it returns a <constant>POLLERR</constant> as above. Otherwise it waits
+until data has been captured and can be read. When the driver captures
+continuously (as opposed to, for example, still images) the function
+may return immediately.</para>
+
+    <para>When use of the <function>write()</function> function has
+been negotiated the <function>poll</function> function just waits
+until the driver is ready for a non-blocking
+<function>write()</function> call.</para>
+
+    <para>All drivers implementing the <function>read()</function> or
+<function>write()</function> function or streaming I/O must also
+support the <function>poll()</function> function.</para>
+
+    <para>For more details see the
+<function>poll()</function> manual page.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Return Value</title>
+
+    <para>On success, <function>poll()</function> returns the number
+structures which have non-zero <structfield>revents</structfield>
+fields, or zero if the call timed out. On error
+<returnvalue>-1</returnvalue> is returned, and the
+<varname>errno</varname> variable is set appropriately:</para>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBADF</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>One or more of the <parameter>ufds</parameter> members
+specify an invalid file descriptor.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The driver does not support multiple read or write
+streams and the device is already in use.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EFAULT</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para><parameter>ufds</parameter> references an inaccessible
+memory area.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINTR</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The call was interrupted by a signal.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <parameter>nfds</parameter> argument is greater
+than <constant>OPEN_MAX</constant>.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-read.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-read.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..a5089bf8873d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-read.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+<refentry id="func-read">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>V4L2 read()</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>v4l2-read</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Read from a V4L2 device</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcsynopsisinfo>#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;</funcsynopsisinfo>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>ssize_t <function>read</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>void *<parameter>buf</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>size_t <parameter>count</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>buf</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>count</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para><function>read()</function> attempts to read up to
+<parameter>count</parameter> bytes from file descriptor
+<parameter>fd</parameter> into the buffer starting at
+<parameter>buf</parameter>. The layout of the data in the buffer is
+discussed in the respective device interface section, see ##. If <parameter>count</parameter> is zero,
+<function>read()</function> returns zero and has no other results. If
+<parameter>count</parameter> is greater than
+<constant>SSIZE_MAX</constant>, the result is unspecified. Regardless
+of the <parameter>count</parameter> value each
+<function>read()</function> call will provide at most one frame (two
+fields) worth of data.</para>
+
+    <para>By default <function>read()</function> blocks until data
+becomes available. When the <constant>O_NONBLOCK</constant> flag was
+given to the &func-open; function it
+returns immediately with an &EAGAIN; when no data is available. The
+&func-select; or &func-poll; functions
+can always be used to suspend execution until data becomes available. All
+drivers supporting the <function>read()</function> function must also
+support <function>select()</function> and
+<function>poll()</function>.</para>
+
+    <para>Drivers can implement read functionality in different
+ways, using a single or multiple buffers and discarding the oldest or
+newest frames once the internal buffers are filled.</para>
+
+    <para><function>read()</function> never returns a "snapshot" of a
+buffer being filled. Using a single buffer the driver will stop
+capturing when the application starts reading the buffer until the
+read is finished. Thus only the period of the vertical blanking
+interval is available for reading, or the capture rate must fall below
+the nominal frame rate of the video standard.</para>
+
+<para>The behavior of
+<function>read()</function> when called during the active picture
+period or the vertical blanking separating the top and bottom field
+depends on the discarding policy. A driver discarding the oldest
+frames keeps capturing into an internal buffer, continuously
+overwriting the previously, not read frame, and returns the frame
+being received at the time of the <function>read()</function> call as
+soon as it is complete.</para>
+
+    <para>A driver discarding the newest frames stops capturing until
+the next <function>read()</function> call. The frame being received at
+<function>read()</function> time is discarded, returning the following
+frame instead. Again this implies a reduction of the capture rate to
+one half or less of the nominal frame rate. An example of this model
+is the video read mode of the bttv driver, initiating a DMA to user
+memory when <function>read()</function> is called and returning when
+the DMA finished.</para>
+
+    <para>In the multiple buffer model drivers maintain a ring of
+internal buffers, automatically advancing to the next free buffer.
+This allows continuous capturing when the application can empty the
+buffers fast enough. Again, the behavior when the driver runs out of
+free buffers depends on the discarding policy.</para>
+
+    <para>Applications can get and set the number of buffers used
+internally by the driver with the &VIDIOC-G-PARM; and &VIDIOC-S-PARM;
+ioctls. They are optional, however. The discarding policy is not
+reported and cannot be changed. For minimum requirements see <xref
+        linkend="devices" />.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Return Value</title>
+
+    <para>On success, the number of bytes read is returned. It is not
+an error if this number is smaller than the number of bytes requested,
+or the amount of data required for one frame. This may happen for
+example because <function>read()</function> was interrupted by a
+signal. On error, -1 is returned, and the <varname>errno</varname>
+variable is set appropriately. In this case the next read will start
+at the beginning of a new frame. Possible error codes are:</para>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EAGAIN</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Non-blocking I/O has been selected using
+O_NONBLOCK and no data was immediately available for reading.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBADF</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para><parameter>fd</parameter> is not a valid file
+descriptor or is not open for reading, or the process already has the
+maximum number of files open.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The driver does not support multiple read streams and the
+device is already in use.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EFAULT</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para><parameter>buf</parameter> references an inaccessible
+memory area.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINTR</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The call was interrupted by a signal before any
+data was read.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EIO</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>I/O error. This indicates some hardware problem or a
+failure to communicate with a remote device (USB camera etc.).</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <function>read()</function> function is not
+supported by this driver, not on this device, or generally not on this
+type of device.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-select.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-select.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b6713623181f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-select.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+<refentry id="func-select">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>V4L2 select()</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>v4l2-select</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Synchronous I/O multiplexing</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcsynopsisinfo>
+#include &lt;sys/time.h&gt;
+#include &lt;sys/types.h&gt;
+#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;</funcsynopsisinfo>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>select</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>nfds</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>fd_set *<parameter>readfds</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>fd_set *<parameter>writefds</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>fd_set *<parameter>exceptfds</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct timeval *<parameter>timeout</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>With the <function>select()</function> function applications
+can suspend execution until the driver has captured data or is ready
+to accept data for output.</para>
+
+    <para>When streaming I/O has been negotiated this function waits
+until a buffer has been filled or displayed and can be dequeued with
+the &VIDIOC-DQBUF; ioctl. When buffers are already in the outgoing
+queue of the driver the function returns immediately.</para>
+
+    <para>On success <function>select()</function> returns the total
+number of bits set in the <structname>fd_set</structname>s. When the
+function timed out it returns a value of zero. On failure it returns
+<returnvalue>-1</returnvalue> and the <varname>errno</varname>
+variable is set appropriately. When the application did not call
+&VIDIOC-QBUF; or &VIDIOC-STREAMON; yet the
+<function>select()</function> function succeeds, setting the bit of
+the file descriptor in <parameter>readfds</parameter> or
+<parameter>writefds</parameter>, but subsequent &VIDIOC-DQBUF; calls
+will fail.<footnote><para>The Linux kernel implements
+<function>select()</function> like the &func-poll; function, but
+<function>select()</function> cannot return a
+<constant>POLLERR</constant>.</para>
+      </footnote></para>
+
+    <para>When use of the <function>read()</function> function has
+been negotiated and the driver does not capture yet, the
+<function>select()</function> function starts capturing. When that
+fails, <function>select()</function> returns successful and a
+subsequent <function>read()</function> call, which also attempts to
+start capturing, will return an appropriate error code. When the
+driver captures continuously (as opposed to, for example, still
+images) and data is already available the
+<function>select()</function> function returns immediately.</para>
+
+    <para>When use of the <function>write()</function> function has
+been negotiated the <function>select()</function> function just waits
+until the driver is ready for a non-blocking
+<function>write()</function> call.</para>
+
+    <para>All drivers implementing the <function>read()</function> or
+<function>write()</function> function or streaming I/O must also
+support the <function>select()</function> function.</para>
+
+    <para>For more details see the <function>select()</function>
+manual page.</para>
+
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Return Value</title>
+
+    <para>On success, <function>select()</function> returns the number
+of descriptors contained in the three returned descriptor sets, which
+will be zero if the timeout expired. On error
+<returnvalue>-1</returnvalue> is returned, and the
+<varname>errno</varname> variable is set appropriately; the sets and
+<parameter>timeout</parameter> are undefined. Possible error codes
+are:</para>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBADF</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>One or more of the file descriptor sets specified a
+file descriptor that is not open.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The driver does not support multiple read or write
+streams and the device is already in use.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EFAULT</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <parameter>readfds</parameter>,
+<parameter>writefds</parameter>, <parameter>exceptfds</parameter> or
+<parameter>timeout</parameter> pointer references an inaccessible memory
+area.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINTR</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The call was interrupted by a signal.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <parameter>nfds</parameter> argument is less than
+zero or greater than <constant>FD_SETSIZE</constant>.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-write.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-write.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..2c09c09371c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-write.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+<refentry id="func-write">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>V4L2 write()</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>v4l2-write</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Write to a V4L2 device</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcsynopsisinfo>#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;</funcsynopsisinfo>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>ssize_t <function>write</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>void *<parameter>buf</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>size_t <parameter>count</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>buf</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>count</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para><function>write()</function> writes up to
+<parameter>count</parameter> bytes to the device referenced by the
+file descriptor <parameter>fd</parameter> from the buffer starting at
+<parameter>buf</parameter>. When the hardware outputs are not active
+yet, this function enables them. When <parameter>count</parameter> is
+zero, <function>write()</function> returns
+<returnvalue>0</returnvalue> without any other effect.</para>
+
+    <para>When the application does not provide more data in time, the
+previous video frame, raw VBI image, sliced VPS or WSS data is
+displayed again. Sliced Teletext or Closed Caption data is not
+repeated, the driver inserts a blank line instead.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Return Value</title>
+
+    <para>On success, the number of bytes written are returned. Zero
+indicates nothing was written. On error, <returnvalue>-1</returnvalue>
+is returned, and the <varname>errno</varname> variable is set
+appropriately. In this case the next write will start at the beginning
+of a new frame. Possible error codes are:</para>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EAGAIN</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Non-blocking I/O has been selected using the <link
+linkend="func-open"><constant>O_NONBLOCK</constant></link> flag and no
+buffer space was available to write the data immediately.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBADF</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para><parameter>fd</parameter> is not a valid file
+descriptor or is not open for writing.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The driver does not support multiple write streams and the
+device is already in use.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EFAULT</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para><parameter>buf</parameter> references an inaccessible
+memory area.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINTR</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The call was interrupted by a signal before any
+data was written.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EIO</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>I/O error. This indicates some hardware problem.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <function>write()</function> function is not
+supported by this driver, not on this device, or generally not on this
+type of device.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/io.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/io.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..f92f24323b2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/io.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,1073 @@
+  <title>Input/Output</title>
+
+  <para>The V4L2 API defines several different methods to read from or
+write to a device. All drivers exchanging data with applications must
+support at least one of them.</para>
+
+  <para>The classic I/O method using the <function>read()</function>
+and <function>write()</function> function is automatically selected
+after opening a V4L2 device. When the driver does not support this
+method attempts to read or write will fail at any time.</para>
+
+  <para>Other methods must be negotiated. To select the streaming I/O
+method with memory mapped or user buffers applications call the
+&VIDIOC-REQBUFS; ioctl. The asynchronous I/O method is not defined
+yet.</para>
+
+  <para>Video overlay can be considered another I/O method, although
+the application does not directly receive the image data. It is
+selected by initiating video overlay with the &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl.
+For more information see <xref linkend="overlay" />.</para>
+
+  <para>Generally exactly one I/O method, including overlay, is
+associated with each file descriptor. The only exceptions are
+applications not exchanging data with a driver ("panel applications",
+see <xref linkend="open" />) and drivers permitting simultaneous video capturing
+and overlay using the same file descriptor, for compatibility with V4L
+and earlier versions of V4L2.</para>
+
+  <para><constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_REQBUFS</constant> would permit this to some degree,
+but for simplicity drivers need not support switching the I/O method
+(after first switching away from read/write) other than by closing
+and reopening the device.</para>
+
+  <para>The following sections describe the various I/O methods in
+more detail.</para>
+
+  <section id="rw">
+    <title>Read/Write</title>
+
+    <para>Input and output devices support the
+<function>read()</function> and <function>write()</function> function,
+respectively, when the <constant>V4L2_CAP_READWRITE</constant> flag in
+the <structfield>capabilities</structfield> field of &v4l2-capability;
+returned by the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl is set.</para>
+
+    <para>Drivers may need the CPU to copy the data, but they may also
+support DMA to or from user memory, so this I/O method is not
+necessarily less efficient than other methods merely exchanging buffer
+pointers. It is considered inferior though because no meta-information
+like frame counters or timestamps are passed. This information is
+necessary to recognize frame dropping and to synchronize with other
+data streams. However this is also the simplest I/O method, requiring
+little or no setup to exchange data. It permits command line stunts
+like this (the <application>vidctrl</application> tool is
+fictitious):</para>
+
+    <informalexample>
+      <screen>
+&gt; vidctrl /dev/video --input=0 --format=YUYV --size=352x288
+&gt; dd if=/dev/video of=myimage.422 bs=202752 count=1
+</screen>
+    </informalexample>
+
+    <para>To read from the device applications use the
+&func-read; function, to write the &func-write; function.
+Drivers must implement one I/O method if they
+exchange data with applications, but it need not be this.<footnote>
+        <para>It would be desirable if applications could depend on
+drivers supporting all I/O interfaces, but as much as the complex
+memory mapping I/O can be inadequate for some devices we have no
+reason to require this interface, which is most useful for simple
+applications capturing still images.</para>
+      </footnote> When reading or writing is supported, the driver
+must also support the &func-select; and &func-poll;
+function.<footnote>
+        <para>At the driver level <function>select()</function> and
+<function>poll()</function> are the same, and
+<function>select()</function> is too important to be optional.</para>
+      </footnote></para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="mmap">
+    <title>Streaming I/O (Memory Mapping)</title>
+
+    <para>Input and output devices support this I/O method when the
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_STREAMING</constant> flag in the
+<structfield>capabilities</structfield> field of &v4l2-capability;
+returned by the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl is set. There are two
+streaming methods, to determine if the memory mapping flavor is
+supported applications must call the &VIDIOC-REQBUFS; ioctl.</para>
+
+    <para>Streaming is an I/O method where only pointers to buffers
+are exchanged between application and driver, the data itself is not
+copied. Memory mapping is primarily intended to map buffers in device
+memory into the application's address space. Device memory can be for
+example the video memory on a graphics card with a video capture
+add-on. However, being the most efficient I/O method available for a
+long time, many other drivers support streaming as well, allocating
+buffers in DMA-able main memory.</para>
+
+    <para>A driver can support many sets of buffers. Each set is
+identified by a unique buffer type value. The sets are independent and
+each set can hold a different type of data. To access different sets
+at the same time different file descriptors must be used.<footnote>
+        <para>One could use one file descriptor and set the buffer
+type field accordingly when calling &VIDIOC-QBUF; etc., but it makes
+the <function>select()</function> function ambiguous. We also like the
+clean approach of one file descriptor per logical stream. Video
+overlay for example is also a logical stream, although the CPU is not
+needed for continuous operation.</para>
+      </footnote></para>
+
+    <para>To allocate device buffers applications call the
+&VIDIOC-REQBUFS; ioctl with the desired number of buffers and buffer
+type, for example <constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant>.
+This ioctl can also be used to change the number of buffers or to free
+the allocated memory, provided none of the buffers are still
+mapped.</para>
+
+    <para>Before applications can access the buffers they must map
+them into their address space with the &func-mmap; function. The
+location of the buffers in device memory can be determined with the
+&VIDIOC-QUERYBUF; ioctl. The <structfield>m.offset</structfield> and
+<structfield>length</structfield> returned in a &v4l2-buffer; are
+passed as sixth and second parameter to the
+<function>mmap()</function> function. The offset and length values
+must not be modified. Remember the buffers are allocated in physical
+memory, as opposed to virtual memory which can be swapped out to disk.
+Applications should free the buffers as soon as possible with the
+&func-munmap; function.</para>
+
+    <example>
+      <title>Mapping buffers</title>
+
+      <programlisting>
+&v4l2-requestbuffers; reqbuf;
+struct {
+        void *start;
+        size_t length;
+} *buffers;
+unsigned int i;
+
+memset (&amp;reqbuf, 0, sizeof (reqbuf));
+reqbuf.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+reqbuf.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
+reqbuf.count = 20;
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-REQBUFS;, &amp;reqbuf)) {
+        if (errno == EINVAL)
+                printf ("Video capturing or mmap-streaming is not supported\n");
+        else
+                perror ("VIDIOC_REQBUFS");
+
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+/* We want at least five buffers. */
+
+if (reqbuf.count &lt; 5) {
+        /* You may need to free the buffers here. */
+        printf ("Not enough buffer memory\n");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+buffers = calloc (reqbuf.count, sizeof (*buffers));
+assert (buffers != NULL);
+
+for (i = 0; i &lt; reqbuf.count; i++) {
+        &v4l2-buffer; buffer;
+
+        memset (&amp;buffer, 0, sizeof (buffer));
+        buffer.type = reqbuf.type;
+        buffer.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
+        buffer.index = i;
+
+        if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-QUERYBUF;, &amp;buffer)) {
+                perror ("VIDIOC_QUERYBUF");
+                exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+
+        buffers[i].length = buffer.length; /* remember for munmap() */
+
+        buffers[i].start = mmap (NULL, buffer.length,
+                                 PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, /* recommended */
+                                 MAP_SHARED,             /* recommended */
+                                 fd, buffer.m.offset);
+
+        if (MAP_FAILED == buffers[i].start) {
+                /* If you do not exit here you should unmap() and free()
+                   the buffers mapped so far. */
+                perror ("mmap");
+                exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+}
+
+/* Cleanup. */
+
+for (i = 0; i &lt; reqbuf.count; i++)
+        munmap (buffers[i].start, buffers[i].length);
+      </programlisting>
+    </example>
+
+    <para>Conceptually streaming drivers maintain two buffer queues, an incoming
+and an outgoing queue. They separate the synchronous capture or output
+operation locked to a video clock from the application which is
+subject to random disk or network delays and preemption by
+other processes, thereby reducing the probability of data loss.
+The queues are organized as FIFOs, buffers will be
+output in the order enqueued in the incoming FIFO, and were
+captured in the order dequeued from the outgoing FIFO.</para>
+
+    <para>The driver may require a minimum number of buffers enqueued
+at all times to function, apart of this no limit exists on the number
+of buffers applications can enqueue in advance, or dequeue and
+process. They can also enqueue in a different order than buffers have
+been dequeued, and the driver can <emphasis>fill</emphasis> enqueued
+<emphasis>empty</emphasis> buffers in any order. <footnote>
+        <para>Random enqueue order permits applications processing
+images out of order (such as video codecs) to return buffers earlier,
+reducing the probability of data loss. Random fill order allows
+drivers to reuse buffers on a LIFO-basis, taking advantage of caches
+holding scatter-gather lists and the like.</para>
+      </footnote> The index number of a buffer (&v4l2-buffer;
+<structfield>index</structfield>) plays no role here, it only
+identifies the buffer.</para>
+
+    <para>Initially all mapped buffers are in dequeued state,
+inaccessible by the driver. For capturing applications it is customary
+to first enqueue all mapped buffers, then to start capturing and enter
+the read loop. Here the application waits until a filled buffer can be
+dequeued, and re-enqueues the buffer when the data is no longer
+needed. Output applications fill and enqueue buffers, when enough
+buffers are stacked up the output is started with
+<constant>VIDIOC_STREAMON</constant>. In the write loop, when
+the application runs out of free buffers, it must wait until an empty
+buffer can be dequeued and reused.</para>
+
+    <para>To enqueue and dequeue a buffer applications use the
+&VIDIOC-QBUF; and &VIDIOC-DQBUF; ioctl. The status of a buffer being
+mapped, enqueued, full or empty can be determined at any time using the
+&VIDIOC-QUERYBUF; ioctl. Two methods exist to suspend execution of the
+application until one or more buffers can be dequeued. By default
+<constant>VIDIOC_DQBUF</constant> blocks when no buffer is in the
+outgoing queue. When the <constant>O_NONBLOCK</constant> flag was
+given to the &func-open; function, <constant>VIDIOC_DQBUF</constant>
+returns immediately with an &EAGAIN; when no buffer is available. The
+&func-select; or &func-poll; function are always available.</para>
+
+    <para>To start and stop capturing or output applications call the
+&VIDIOC-STREAMON; and &VIDIOC-STREAMOFF; ioctl. Note
+<constant>VIDIOC_STREAMOFF</constant> removes all buffers from both
+queues as a side effect. Since there is no notion of doing anything
+"now" on a multitasking system, if an application needs to synchronize
+with another event it should examine the &v4l2-buffer;
+<structfield>timestamp</structfield> of captured buffers, or set the
+field before enqueuing buffers for output.</para>
+
+    <para>Drivers implementing memory mapping I/O must
+support the <constant>VIDIOC_REQBUFS</constant>,
+<constant>VIDIOC_QUERYBUF</constant>,
+<constant>VIDIOC_QBUF</constant>, <constant>VIDIOC_DQBUF</constant>,
+<constant>VIDIOC_STREAMON</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_STREAMOFF</constant> ioctl, the
+<function>mmap()</function>, <function>munmap()</function>,
+<function>select()</function> and <function>poll()</function>
+function.<footnote>
+        <para>At the driver level <function>select()</function> and
+<function>poll()</function> are the same, and
+<function>select()</function> is too important to be optional. The
+rest should be evident.</para>
+      </footnote></para>
+
+    <para>[capture example]</para>
+
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="userp">
+    <title>Streaming I/O (User Pointers)</title>
+
+    <para>Input and output devices support this I/O method when the
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_STREAMING</constant> flag in the
+<structfield>capabilities</structfield> field of &v4l2-capability;
+returned by the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl is set. If the particular user
+pointer method (not only memory mapping) is supported must be
+determined by calling the &VIDIOC-REQBUFS; ioctl.</para>
+
+    <para>This I/O method combines advantages of the read/write and
+memory mapping methods. Buffers are allocated by the application
+itself, and can reside for example in virtual or shared memory. Only
+pointers to data are exchanged, these pointers and meta-information
+are passed in &v4l2-buffer;. The driver must be switched
+into user pointer I/O mode by calling the &VIDIOC-REQBUFS; with the
+desired buffer type. No buffers are allocated beforehands,
+consequently they are not indexed and cannot be queried like mapped
+buffers with the <constant>VIDIOC_QUERYBUF</constant> ioctl.</para>
+
+    <example>
+      <title>Initiating streaming I/O with user pointers</title>
+
+      <programlisting>
+&v4l2-requestbuffers; reqbuf;
+
+memset (&amp;reqbuf, 0, sizeof (reqbuf));
+reqbuf.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+reqbuf.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_USERPTR;
+
+if (ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-REQBUFS;, &amp;reqbuf) == -1) {
+        if (errno == EINVAL)
+                printf ("Video capturing or user pointer streaming is not supported\n");
+        else
+                perror ("VIDIOC_REQBUFS");
+
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+      </programlisting>
+    </example>
+
+    <para>Buffer addresses and sizes are passed on the fly with the
+&VIDIOC-QBUF; ioctl. Although buffers are commonly cycled,
+applications can pass different addresses and sizes at each
+<constant>VIDIOC_QBUF</constant> call. If required by the hardware the
+driver swaps memory pages within physical memory to create a
+continuous area of memory. This happens transparently to the
+application in the virtual memory subsystem of the kernel. When buffer
+pages have been swapped out to disk they are brought back and finally
+locked in physical memory for DMA.<footnote>
+        <para>We expect that frequently used buffers are typically not
+swapped out. Anyway, the process of swapping, locking or generating
+scatter-gather lists may be time consuming. The delay can be masked by
+the depth of the incoming buffer queue, and perhaps by maintaining
+caches assuming a buffer will be soon enqueued again. On the other
+hand, to optimize memory usage drivers can limit the number of buffers
+locked in advance and recycle the most recently used buffers first. Of
+course, the pages of empty buffers in the incoming queue need not be
+saved to disk. Output buffers must be saved on the incoming and
+outgoing queue because an application may share them with other
+processes.</para>
+      </footnote></para>
+
+    <para>Filled or displayed buffers are dequeued with the
+&VIDIOC-DQBUF; ioctl. The driver can unlock the memory pages at any
+time between the completion of the DMA and this ioctl. The memory is
+also unlocked when &VIDIOC-STREAMOFF; is called, &VIDIOC-REQBUFS;, or
+when the device is closed. Applications must take care not to free
+buffers without dequeuing. For once, the buffers remain locked until
+further, wasting physical memory. Second the driver will not be
+notified when the memory is returned to the application's free list
+and subsequently reused for other purposes, possibly completing the
+requested DMA and overwriting valuable data.</para>
+
+    <para>For capturing applications it is customary to enqueue a
+number of empty buffers, to start capturing and enter the read loop.
+Here the application waits until a filled buffer can be dequeued, and
+re-enqueues the buffer when the data is no longer needed. Output
+applications fill and enqueue buffers, when enough buffers are stacked
+up output is started. In the write loop, when the application
+runs out of free buffers it must wait until an empty buffer can be
+dequeued and reused. Two methods exist to suspend execution of the
+application until one or more buffers can be dequeued. By default
+<constant>VIDIOC_DQBUF</constant> blocks when no buffer is in the
+outgoing queue. When the <constant>O_NONBLOCK</constant> flag was
+given to the &func-open; function, <constant>VIDIOC_DQBUF</constant>
+returns immediately with an &EAGAIN; when no buffer is available. The
+&func-select; or &func-poll; function are always available.</para>
+
+    <para>To start and stop capturing or output applications call the
+&VIDIOC-STREAMON; and &VIDIOC-STREAMOFF; ioctl. Note
+<constant>VIDIOC_STREAMOFF</constant> removes all buffers from both
+queues and unlocks all buffers as a side effect. Since there is no
+notion of doing anything "now" on a multitasking system, if an
+application needs to synchronize with another event it should examine
+the &v4l2-buffer; <structfield>timestamp</structfield> of captured
+buffers, or set the field before enqueuing buffers for output.</para>
+
+    <para>Drivers implementing user pointer I/O must
+support the <constant>VIDIOC_REQBUFS</constant>,
+<constant>VIDIOC_QBUF</constant>, <constant>VIDIOC_DQBUF</constant>,
+<constant>VIDIOC_STREAMON</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_STREAMOFF</constant> ioctl, the
+<function>select()</function> and <function>poll()</function> function.<footnote>
+        <para>At the driver level <function>select()</function> and
+<function>poll()</function> are the same, and
+<function>select()</function> is too important to be optional. The
+rest should be evident.</para>
+      </footnote></para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="async">
+    <title>Asynchronous I/O</title>
+
+    <para>This method is not defined yet.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="buffer">
+    <title>Buffers</title>
+
+    <para>A buffer contains data exchanged by application and
+driver using one of the Streaming I/O methods. Only pointers to
+buffers are exchanged, the data itself is not copied. These pointers,
+together with meta-information like timestamps or field parity, are
+stored in a struct <structname>v4l2_buffer</structname>, argument to
+the &VIDIOC-QUERYBUF;, &VIDIOC-QBUF; and &VIDIOC-DQBUF; ioctl.</para>
+
+      <para>Nominally timestamps refer to the first data byte transmitted.
+In practice however the wide range of hardware covered by the V4L2 API
+limits timestamp accuracy. Often an interrupt routine will
+sample the system clock shortly after the field or frame was stored
+completely in memory. So applications must expect a constant
+difference up to one field or frame period plus a small (few scan
+lines) random error. The delay and error can be much
+larger due to compression or transmission over an external bus when
+the frames are not properly stamped by the sender. This is frequently
+the case with USB cameras. Here timestamps refer to the instant the
+field or frame was received by the driver, not the capture time. These
+devices identify by not enumerating any video standards, see <xref
+linkend="standard" />.</para>
+
+      <para>Similar limitations apply to output timestamps. Typically
+the video hardware locks to a clock controlling the video timing, the
+horizontal and vertical synchronization pulses. At some point in the
+line sequence, possibly the vertical blanking, an interrupt routine
+samples the system clock, compares against the timestamp and programs
+the hardware to repeat the previous field or frame, or to display the
+buffer contents.</para>
+
+      <para>Apart of limitations of the video device and natural
+inaccuracies of all clocks, it should be noted system time itself is
+not perfectly stable. It can be affected by power saving cycles,
+warped to insert leap seconds, or even turned back or forth by the
+system administrator affecting long term measurements. <footnote>
+          <para>Since no other Linux multimedia
+API supports unadjusted time it would be foolish to introduce here. We
+must use a universally supported clock to synchronize different media,
+hence time of day.</para>
+        </footnote></para>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-buffer">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_buffer</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="4">
+        &cs-ustr;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>index</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Number of the buffer, set by the application. This
+field is only used for <link linkend="mmap">memory mapping</link> I/O
+and can range from zero to the number of buffers allocated
+with the &VIDIOC-REQBUFS; ioctl (&v4l2-requestbuffers; <structfield>count</structfield>) minus one.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-buf-type;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Type of the buffer, same as &v4l2-format;
+<structfield>type</structfield> or &v4l2-requestbuffers;
+<structfield>type</structfield>, set by the application.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>bytesused</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>The number of bytes occupied by the data in the
+buffer. It depends on the negotiated data format and may change with
+each buffer for compressed variable size data like JPEG images.
+Drivers must set this field when <structfield>type</structfield>
+refers to an input stream, applications when an output stream.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>flags</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Flags set by the application or driver, see <xref
+linkend="buffer-flags" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-field;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>field</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Indicates the field order of the image in the
+buffer, see <xref linkend="v4l2-field" />. This field is not used when
+the buffer contains VBI data. Drivers must set it when
+<structfield>type</structfield> refers to an input stream,
+applications when an output stream.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>struct timeval</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>timestamp</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry><para>For input streams this is the
+system time (as returned by the <function>gettimeofday()</function>
+function) when the first data byte was captured. For output streams
+the data will not be displayed before this time, secondary to the
+nominal frame rate determined by the current video standard in
+enqueued order. Applications can for example zero this field to
+display frames as soon as possible. The driver stores the time at
+which the first data byte was actually sent out in the
+<structfield>timestamp</structfield> field. This permits
+applications to monitor the drift between the video and system
+clock.</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-timecode;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>timecode</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>When <structfield>type</structfield> is
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant> and the
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_TIMECODE</constant> flag is set in
+<structfield>flags</structfield>, this structure contains a frame
+timecode. In <link linkend="v4l2-field">V4L2_FIELD_ALTERNATE</link>
+mode the top and bottom field contain the same timecode.
+Timecodes are intended to help video editing and are typically recorded on
+video tapes, but also embedded in compressed formats like MPEG. This
+field is independent of the <structfield>timestamp</structfield> and
+<structfield>sequence</structfield> fields.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>sequence</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Set by the driver, counting the frames in the
+sequence.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="hspan"><para>In <link
+linkend="v4l2-field">V4L2_FIELD_ALTERNATE</link> mode the top and
+bottom field have the same sequence number. The count starts at zero
+and includes dropped or repeated frames. A dropped frame was received
+by an input device but could not be stored due to lack of free buffer
+space. A repeated frame was displayed again by an output device
+because the application did not pass new data in
+time.</para><para>Note this may count the frames received
+e.g. over USB, without taking into account the frames dropped by the
+remote hardware due to limited compression throughput or bus
+bandwidth. These devices identify by not enumerating any video
+standards, see <xref linkend="standard" />.</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-memory;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>memory</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>This field must be set by applications and/or drivers
+in accordance with the selected I/O method.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>union</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>m</structfield></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>offset</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>When <structfield>memory</structfield> is
+<constant>V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP</constant> this is the offset of the buffer
+from the start of the device memory. The value is returned by the
+driver and apart of serving as parameter to the &func-mmap; function
+not useful for applications. See <xref linkend="mmap" /> for details.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>unsigned long</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>userptr</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>When <structfield>memory</structfield> is
+<constant>V4L2_MEMORY_USERPTR</constant> this is a pointer to the
+buffer (casted to unsigned long type) in virtual memory, set by the
+application. See <xref linkend="userp" /> for details.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>length</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Size of the buffer (not the payload) in bytes.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>input</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Some video capture drivers support rapid and
+synchronous video input changes, a function useful for example in
+video surveillance applications. For this purpose applications set the
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_INPUT</constant> flag, and this field to the
+number of a video input as in &v4l2-input; field
+<structfield>index</structfield>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>A place holder for future extensions and custom
+(driver defined) buffer types
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_PRIVATE</constant> and higher.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-buf-type">
+      <title>enum v4l2_buf_type</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>Buffer of a video capture stream, see <xref
+                linkend="capture" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT</constant></entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>Buffer of a video output stream, see <xref
+                linkend="output" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OVERLAY</constant></entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>Buffer for video overlay, see <xref linkend="overlay" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_CAPTURE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>Buffer of a raw VBI capture stream, see <xref
+                linkend="raw-vbi" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_OUTPUT</constant></entry>
+            <entry>5</entry>
+            <entry>Buffer of a raw VBI output stream, see <xref
+                linkend="raw-vbi" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_CAPTURE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>Buffer of a sliced VBI capture stream, see <xref
+                linkend="sliced" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_OUTPUT</constant></entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>Buffer of a sliced VBI output stream, see <xref
+                linkend="sliced" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT_OVERLAY</constant></entry>
+            <entry>8</entry>
+            <entry>Buffer for video output overlay (OSD), see <xref
+                linkend="osd" />. Status: <link
+linkend="experimental">Experimental</link>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_PRIVATE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x80</entry>
+          <entry>This and higher values are reserved for custom
+(driver defined) buffer types.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="buffer-flags">
+      <title>Buffer Flags</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_MAPPED</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0001</entry>
+            <entry>The buffer resides in device memory and has been mapped
+into the application's address space, see <xref linkend="mmap" /> for details.
+Drivers set or clear this flag when the
+<link linkend="vidioc-querybuf">VIDIOC_QUERYBUF</link>, <link
+          linkend="vidioc-qbuf">VIDIOC_QBUF</link> or <link
+          linkend="vidioc-qbuf">VIDIOC_DQBUF</link> ioctl is called. Set by the driver.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_QUEUED</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0002</entry>
+          <entry>Internally drivers maintain two buffer queues, an
+incoming and outgoing queue. When this flag is set, the buffer is
+currently on the incoming queue. It automatically moves to the
+outgoing queue after the buffer has been filled (capture devices) or
+displayed (output devices). Drivers set or clear this flag when the
+<constant>VIDIOC_QUERYBUF</constant> ioctl is called. After
+(successful) calling the <constant>VIDIOC_QBUF </constant>ioctl it is
+always set and after <constant>VIDIOC_DQBUF</constant> always
+cleared.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_DONE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0004</entry>
+            <entry>When this flag is set, the buffer is currently on
+the outgoing queue, ready to be dequeued from the driver. Drivers set
+or clear this flag when the <constant>VIDIOC_QUERYBUF</constant> ioctl
+is called. After calling the <constant>VIDIOC_QBUF</constant> or
+<constant>VIDIOC_DQBUF</constant> it is always cleared. Of course a
+buffer cannot be on both queues at the same time, the
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_QUEUED</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_DONE</constant> flag are mutually exclusive.
+They can be both cleared however, then the buffer is in "dequeued"
+state, in the application domain to say so.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_KEYFRAME</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0008</entry>
+          <entry>Drivers set or clear this flag when calling the
+<constant>VIDIOC_DQBUF</constant> ioctl. It may be set by video
+capture devices when the buffer contains a compressed image which is a
+key frame (or field), &ie; can be decompressed on its own.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_PFRAME</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0010</entry>
+            <entry>Similar to <constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_KEYFRAME</constant>
+this flags predicted frames or fields which contain only differences to a
+previous key frame.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_BFRAME</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0020</entry>
+            <entry>Similar to <constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_PFRAME</constant>
+        this is a bidirectional predicted frame or field. [ooc tbd]</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_TIMECODE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0100</entry>
+            <entry>The <structfield>timecode</structfield> field is valid.
+Drivers set or clear this flag when the <constant>VIDIOC_DQBUF</constant>
+ioctl is called.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_INPUT</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0200</entry>
+            <entry>The <structfield>input</structfield> field is valid.
+Applications set or clear this flag before calling the
+<constant>VIDIOC_QBUF</constant> ioctl.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-memory">
+      <title>enum v4l2_memory</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP</constant></entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>The buffer is used for <link linkend="mmap">memory
+mapping</link> I/O.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_MEMORY_USERPTR</constant></entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>The buffer is used for <link linkend="userp">user
+pointer</link> I/O.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_MEMORY_OVERLAY</constant></entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>[to do]</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Timecodes</title>
+
+      <para>The <structname>v4l2_timecode</structname> structure is
+designed to hold a <xref linkend="smpte12m" /> or similar timecode.
+(struct <structname>timeval</structname> timestamps are stored in
+&v4l2-buffer; field <structfield>timestamp</structfield>.)</para>
+
+      <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-timecode">
+        <title>struct <structname>v4l2_timecode</structname></title>
+        <tgroup cols="3">
+          &cs-str;
+          <tbody valign="top">
+            <row>
+              <entry>__u32</entry>
+              <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+              <entry>Frame rate the timecodes are based on, see <xref
+                  linkend="timecode-type" />.</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry>__u32</entry>
+              <entry><structfield>flags</structfield></entry>
+              <entry>Timecode flags, see <xref linkend="timecode-flags" />.</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry>__u8</entry>
+              <entry><structfield>frames</structfield></entry>
+              <entry>Frame count, 0 ... 23/24/29/49/59, depending on the
+            type of timecode.</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry>__u8</entry>
+              <entry><structfield>seconds</structfield></entry>
+              <entry>Seconds count, 0 ... 59. This is a binary, not BCD number.</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry>__u8</entry>
+              <entry><structfield>minutes</structfield></entry>
+              <entry>Minutes count, 0 ... 59. This is a binary, not BCD number.</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry>__u8</entry>
+              <entry><structfield>hours</structfield></entry>
+              <entry>Hours count, 0 ... 29. This is a binary, not BCD number.</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry>__u8</entry>
+              <entry><structfield>userbits</structfield>[4]</entry>
+              <entry>The "user group" bits from the timecode.</entry>
+            </row>
+          </tbody>
+        </tgroup>
+      </table>
+
+      <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="timecode-type">
+        <title>Timecode Types</title>
+        <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+          <tbody valign="top">
+            <row>
+              <entry><constant>V4L2_TC_TYPE_24FPS</constant></entry>
+              <entry>1</entry>
+              <entry>24 frames per second, i.&nbsp;e. film.</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry><constant>V4L2_TC_TYPE_25FPS</constant></entry>
+              <entry>2</entry>
+              <entry>25 frames per second, &ie; PAL or SECAM video.</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry><constant>V4L2_TC_TYPE_30FPS</constant></entry>
+              <entry>3</entry>
+              <entry>30 frames per second, &ie; NTSC video.</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry><constant>V4L2_TC_TYPE_50FPS</constant></entry>
+              <entry>4</entry>
+              <entry></entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry><constant>V4L2_TC_TYPE_60FPS</constant></entry>
+              <entry>5</entry>
+              <entry></entry>
+            </row>
+          </tbody>
+        </tgroup>
+      </table>
+
+      <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="timecode-flags">
+        <title>Timecode Flags</title>
+        <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+          <tbody valign="top">
+            <row>
+              <entry><constant>V4L2_TC_FLAG_DROPFRAME</constant></entry>
+              <entry>0x0001</entry>
+              <entry>Indicates "drop frame" semantics for counting frames
+in 29.97 fps material. When set, frame numbers 0 and 1 at the start of
+each minute, except minutes 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 are omitted from the
+count.</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry><constant>V4L2_TC_FLAG_COLORFRAME</constant></entry>
+              <entry>0x0002</entry>
+              <entry>The "color frame" flag.</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry><constant>V4L2_TC_USERBITS_field</constant></entry>
+              <entry>0x000C</entry>
+              <entry>Field mask for the "binary group flags".</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry><constant>V4L2_TC_USERBITS_USERDEFINED</constant></entry>
+              <entry>0x0000</entry>
+              <entry>Unspecified format.</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry><constant>V4L2_TC_USERBITS_8BITCHARS</constant></entry>
+              <entry>0x0008</entry>
+              <entry>8-bit ISO characters.</entry>
+            </row>
+          </tbody>
+        </tgroup>
+      </table>
+    </section>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="field-order">
+    <title>Field Order</title>
+
+    <para>We have to distinguish between progressive and interlaced
+video. Progressive video transmits all lines of a video image
+sequentially. Interlaced video divides an image into two fields,
+containing only the odd and even lines of the image, respectively.
+Alternating the so called odd and even field are transmitted, and due
+to a small delay between fields a cathode ray TV displays the lines
+interleaved, yielding the original frame. This curious technique was
+invented because at refresh rates similar to film the image would
+fade out too quickly. Transmitting fields reduces the flicker without
+the necessity of doubling the frame rate and with it the bandwidth
+required for each channel.</para>
+
+    <para>It is important to understand a video camera does not expose
+one frame at a time, merely transmitting the frames separated into
+fields. The fields are in fact captured at two different instances in
+time. An object on screen may well move between one field and the
+next. For applications analysing motion it is of paramount importance
+to recognize which field of a frame is older, the <emphasis>temporal
+order</emphasis>.</para>
+
+    <para>When the driver provides or accepts images field by field
+rather than interleaved, it is also important applications understand
+how the fields combine to frames. We distinguish between top and
+bottom fields, the <emphasis>spatial order</emphasis>: The first line
+of the top field is the first line of an interlaced frame, the first
+line of the bottom field is the second line of that frame.</para>
+
+    <para>However because fields were captured one after the other,
+arguing whether a frame commences with the top or bottom field is
+pointless. Any two successive top and bottom, or bottom and top fields
+yield a valid frame. Only when the source was progressive to begin
+with, &eg; when transferring film to video, two fields may come from
+the same frame, creating a natural order.</para>
+
+    <para>Counter to intuition the top field is not necessarily the
+older field. Whether the older field contains the top or bottom lines
+is a convention determined by the video standard. Hence the
+distinction between temporal and spatial order of fields. The diagrams
+below should make this clearer.</para>
+
+    <para>All video capture and output devices must report the current
+field order. Some drivers may permit the selection of a different
+order, to this end applications initialize the
+<structfield>field</structfield> field of &v4l2-pix-format; before
+calling the &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl. If this is not desired it should
+have the value <constant>V4L2_FIELD_ANY</constant> (0).</para>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-field">
+      <title>enum v4l2_field</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FIELD_ANY</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>Applications request this field order when any
+one of the <constant>V4L2_FIELD_NONE</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_TOP</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_BOTTOM</constant>, or
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED</constant> formats is acceptable.
+Drivers choose depending on hardware capabilities or e.&nbsp;g. the
+requested image size, and return the actual field order. &v4l2-buffer;
+<structfield>field</structfield> can never be
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_ANY</constant>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FIELD_NONE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>Images are in progressive format, not interlaced.
+The driver may also indicate this order when it cannot distinguish
+between <constant>V4L2_FIELD_TOP</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_BOTTOM</constant>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FIELD_TOP</constant></entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>Images consist of the top field only.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FIELD_BOTTOM</constant></entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>Images consist of the bottom field only.
+Applications may wish to prevent a device from capturing interlaced
+images because they will have "comb" or "feathering" artefacts around
+moving objects.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED</constant></entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>Images contain both fields, interleaved line by
+line. The temporal order of the fields (whether the top or bottom
+field is first transmitted) depends on the current video standard.
+M/NTSC transmits the bottom field first, all other standards the top
+field first.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FIELD_SEQ_TB</constant></entry>
+            <entry>5</entry>
+            <entry>Images contain both fields, the top field lines
+are stored first in memory, immediately followed by the bottom field
+lines. Fields are always stored in temporal order, the older one first
+in memory. Image sizes refer to the frame, not fields.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FIELD_SEQ_BT</constant></entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>Images contain both fields, the bottom field
+lines are stored first in memory, immediately followed by the top
+field lines. Fields are always stored in temporal order, the older one
+first in memory. Image sizes refer to the frame, not fields.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FIELD_ALTERNATE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>The two fields of a frame are passed in separate
+buffers, in temporal order, &ie; the older one first. To indicate the field
+parity (whether the current field is a top or bottom field) the driver
+or application, depending on data direction, must set &v4l2-buffer;
+<structfield>field</structfield> to
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_TOP</constant> or
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_BOTTOM</constant>. Any two successive fields pair
+to build a frame. If fields are successive, without any dropped fields
+between them (fields can drop individually), can be determined from
+the &v4l2-buffer; <structfield>sequence</structfield> field. Image
+sizes refer to the frame, not fields. This format cannot be selected
+when using the read/write I/O method.<!-- Where it's indistinguishable
+from V4L2_FIELD_SEQ_*. --></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED_TB</constant></entry>
+            <entry>8</entry>
+            <entry>Images contain both fields, interleaved line by
+line, top field first. The top field is transmitted first.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED_BT</constant></entry>
+            <entry>9</entry>
+            <entry>Images contain both fields, interleaved line by
+line, top field first. The bottom field is transmitted first.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <figure id="fieldseq-tb">
+        <title>Field Order, Top Field First Transmitted</title>
+        <mediaobject>
+          <imageobject>
+            <imagedata fileref="fieldseq_tb.pdf" format="PS" />
+          </imageobject>
+          <imageobject>
+            <imagedata fileref="fieldseq_tb.gif" format="GIF" />
+          </imageobject>
+        </mediaobject>
+    </figure>
+
+    <figure id="fieldseq-bt">
+        <title>Field Order, Bottom Field First Transmitted</title>
+        <mediaobject>
+          <imageobject>
+            <imagedata fileref="fieldseq_bt.pdf" format="PS" />
+          </imageobject>
+          <imageobject>
+            <imagedata fileref="fieldseq_bt.gif" format="GIF" />
+          </imageobject>
+        </mediaobject>
+    </figure>
+  </section>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/keytable.c.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/keytable.c.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..d53254a3be15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/keytable.c.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+<programlisting>
+/* keytable.c - This program allows checking/replacing keys at IR
+
+   Copyright (C) 2006-2009 Mauro Carvalho Chehab &lt;mchehab@infradead.org&gt;
+
+   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation, version 2 of the License.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+ */
+
+#include &lt;ctype.h&gt;
+#include &lt;errno.h&gt;
+#include &lt;fcntl.h&gt;
+#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;
+#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;
+#include &lt;string.h&gt;
+#include &lt;linux/input.h&gt;
+#include &lt;sys/ioctl.h&gt;
+
+#include "parse.h"
+
+void prtcode (int *codes)
+{
+        struct parse_key *p;
+
+        for (p=keynames;p-&gt;name!=NULL;p++) {
+                if (p-&gt;value == (unsigned)codes[1]) {
+                        printf("scancode 0x%04x = %s (0x%02x)\n", codes[0], p-&gt;name, codes[1]);
+                        return;
+                }
+        }
+
+        if (isprint (codes[1]))
+                printf("scancode %d = '%c' (0x%02x)\n", codes[0], codes[1], codes[1]);
+        else
+                printf("scancode %d = 0x%02x\n", codes[0], codes[1]);
+}
+
+int parse_code(char *string)
+{
+        struct parse_key *p;
+
+        for (p=keynames;p-&gt;name!=NULL;p++) {
+                if (!strcasecmp(p-&gt;name, string)) {
+                        return p-&gt;value;
+                }
+        }
+        return -1;
+}
+
+int main (int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+        int fd;
+        unsigned int i, j;
+        int codes[2];
+
+        if (argc&lt;2 || argc&gt;4) {
+                printf ("usage: %s &lt;device&gt; to get table; or\n"
+                        "       %s &lt;device&gt; &lt;scancode&gt; &lt;keycode&gt;\n"
+                        "       %s &lt;device&gt; &lt;keycode_file&gt;\n",*argv,*argv,*argv);
+                return -1;
+        }
+
+        if ((fd = open(argv[1], O_RDONLY)) &lt; 0) {
+                perror("Couldn't open input device");
+                return(-1);
+        }
+
+        if (argc==4) {
+                int value;
+
+                value=parse_code(argv[3]);
+
+                if (value==-1) {
+                        value = strtol(argv[3], NULL, 0);
+                        if (errno)
+                                perror("value");
+                }
+
+                codes [0] = (unsigned) strtol(argv[2], NULL, 0);
+                codes [1] = (unsigned) value;
+
+                if(ioctl(fd, EVIOCSKEYCODE, codes))
+                        perror ("EVIOCSKEYCODE");
+
+                if(ioctl(fd, EVIOCGKEYCODE, codes)==0)
+                        prtcode(codes);
+                return 0;
+        }
+
+        if (argc==3) {
+                FILE *fin;
+                int value;
+                char *scancode, *keycode, s[2048];
+
+                fin=fopen(argv[2],"r");
+                if (fin==NULL) {
+                        perror ("opening keycode file");
+                        return -1;
+                }
+
+                /* Clears old table */
+                for (j = 0; j &lt; 256; j++) {
+                        for (i = 0; i &lt; 256; i++) {
+                                codes[0] = (j &lt;&lt; 8) | i;
+                                codes[1] = KEY_RESERVED;
+                                ioctl(fd, EVIOCSKEYCODE, codes);
+                        }
+                }
+
+                while (fgets(s,sizeof(s),fin)) {
+                        scancode=strtok(s,"\n\t =:");
+                        if (!scancode) {
+                                perror ("parsing input file scancode");
+                                return -1;
+                        }
+                        if (!strcasecmp(scancode, "scancode")) {
+                                scancode = strtok(NULL,"\n\t =:");
+                                if (!scancode) {
+                                        perror ("parsing input file scancode");
+                                        return -1;
+                                }
+                        }
+
+                        keycode=strtok(NULL,"\n\t =:(");
+                        if (!keycode) {
+                                perror ("parsing input file keycode");
+                                return -1;
+                        }
+
+                        // printf ("parsing %s=%s:", scancode, keycode);
+                        value=parse_code(keycode);
+                        // printf ("\tvalue=%d\n",value);
+
+                        if (value==-1) {
+                                value = strtol(keycode, NULL, 0);
+                                if (errno)
+                                        perror("value");
+                        }
+
+                        codes [0] = (unsigned) strtol(scancode, NULL, 0);
+                        codes [1] = (unsigned) value;
+
+                        // printf("\t%04x=%04x\n",codes[0], codes[1]);
+                        if(ioctl(fd, EVIOCSKEYCODE, codes)) {
+                                fprintf(stderr, "Setting scancode 0x%04x with 0x%04x via ",codes[0], codes[1]);
+                                perror ("EVIOCSKEYCODE");
+                        }
+
+                        if(ioctl(fd, EVIOCGKEYCODE, codes)==0)
+                                prtcode(codes);
+                }
+                return 0;
+        }
+
+        /* Get scancode table */
+        for (j = 0; j &lt; 256; j++) {
+                for (i = 0; i &lt; 256; i++) {
+                        codes[0] = (j &lt;&lt; 8) | i;
+                        if (!ioctl(fd, EVIOCGKEYCODE, codes) &amp;&amp; codes[1] != KEY_RESERVED)
+                                prtcode(codes);
+                }
+        }
+        return 0;
+}
+
+</programlisting>
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/libv4l.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/libv4l.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..c14fc3db2a81
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/libv4l.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+<title>Libv4l Userspace Library</title>
+<section id="libv4l-introduction">
+        <title>Introduction</title>
+
+        <para>libv4l is a collection of libraries which adds a thin abstraction
+layer on top of video4linux2 devices. The purpose of this (thin) layer
+is to make it easy for application writers to support a wide variety of
+devices without having to write separate code for different devices in the
+same class.</para>
+<para>An example of using libv4l is provided by
+<link linkend='v4l2grab-example'>v4l2grab</link>.
+</para>
+
+        <para>libv4l consists of 3 different libraries:</para>
+        <section>
+                <title>libv4lconvert</title>
+
+                <para>libv4lconvert is a library that converts several
+different pixelformats found in V4L2 drivers into a few common RGB and
+YUY formats.</para>
+                <para>It currently accepts the following V4L2 driver formats:
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-BGR24"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR24</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-HM12"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_HM12</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-JPEG"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_JPEG</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-MJPEG"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_MJPEG</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-MR97310A"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_MR97310A</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-OV511"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_OV511</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-OV518"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_OV518</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-PAC207"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_PAC207</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-PJPG"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_PJPG</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB24"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB24</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SBGGR8"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR8</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SGBRG8"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG8</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SGRBG8"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG8</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SN9C10X"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SN9C10X</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SN9C20X-I420"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SN9C20X_I420</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SPCA501"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SPCA501</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SPCA505"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SPCA505</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SPCA508"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SPCA508</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SPCA561"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SPCA561</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SQ905C"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SQ905C</constant></link>,
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB8</constant>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-UYVY"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_UYVY</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV420"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV420</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUYV"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YVU420"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420</constant></link>,
+and <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YVYU"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVYU</constant></link>.
+</para>
+                <para>Later on libv4lconvert was expanded to also be able to do
+various video processing functions to improve webcam video quality.
+The video processing is split in to 2 parts: libv4lconvert/control and
+libv4lconvert/processing.</para>
+
+                <para>The control part is used to offer video controls which can
+be used to control the video processing functions made available by
+        libv4lconvert/processing. These controls are stored application wide
+(until reboot) by using a persistent shared memory object.</para>
+
+                <para>libv4lconvert/processing offers the actual video
+processing functionality.</para>
+        </section>
+        <section>
+                <title>libv4l1</title>
+                <para>This library offers functions that can be used to quickly
+make v4l1 applications work with v4l2 devices. These functions work exactly
+like the normal open/close/etc, except that libv4l1 does full emulation of
+the v4l1 api on top of v4l2 drivers, in case of v4l1 drivers it
+will just pass calls through.</para>
+                <para>Since those functions are emulations of the old V4L1 API,
+it shouldn't be used for new applications.</para>
+        </section>
+        <section>
+                <title>libv4l2</title>
+                <para>This library should be used for all modern V4L2
+applications.</para>
+                <para>It provides handles to call V4L2 open/ioctl/close/poll
+methods. Instead of just providing the raw output of the device, it enhances
+the calls in the sense that it will use libv4lconvert to provide more video
+formats and to enhance the image quality.</para>
+                <para>In most cases, libv4l2 just passes the calls directly
+through to the v4l2 driver, intercepting the calls to
+<link linkend='vidioc-g-fmt'><constant>VIDIOC_TRY_FMT</constant></link>,
+<link linkend='vidioc-g-fmt'><constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant></link>
+<link linkend='vidioc-g-fmt'><constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant></link>
+<link linkend='vidioc-enum-framesizes'><constant>VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMESIZES</constant></link>
+and <link linkend='vidioc-enum-frameintervals'><constant>VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMEINTERVALS</constant></link>
+in order to emulate the formats
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-BGR24"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR24</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB24"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB24</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV420"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV420</constant></link>,
+and <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YVU420"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420</constant></link>,
+if they aren't available in the driver.
+<link linkend='vidioc-enum-fmt'><constant>VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT</constant></link>
+keeps enumerating the hardware supported formats, plus the emulated formats
+offered by libv4l at the end.
+</para>
+                <section id="libv4l-ops">
+                        <title>Libv4l device control functions</title>
+                        <para>The common file operation methods are provided by
+libv4l.</para>
+                        <para>Those functions operate just like glibc
+open/close/dup/ioctl/read/mmap/munmap:</para>
+<itemizedlist><listitem>
+                        <para>int v4l2_open(const char *file, int oflag,
+...) -
+operates like the standard <link linkend='func-open'>open()</link> function.
+</para></listitem><listitem>
+                        <para>int v4l2_close(int fd) -
+operates like the standard <link linkend='func-close'>close()</link> function.
+</para></listitem><listitem>
+                        <para>int v4l2_dup(int fd) -
+operates like the standard dup() function, duplicating a file handler.
+</para></listitem><listitem>
+                        <para>int v4l2_ioctl (int fd, unsigned long int request, ...) -
+operates like the standard <link linkend='func-ioctl'>ioctl()</link> function.
+</para></listitem><listitem>
+                        <para>int v4l2_read (int fd, void* buffer, size_t n) -
+operates like the standard <link linkend='func-read'>read()</link> function.
+</para></listitem><listitem>
+                        <para>void v4l2_mmap(void *start, size_t length, int prot, int flags, int fd, int64_t offset); -
+operates like the standard <link linkend='func-mmap'>mmap()</link> function.
+</para></listitem><listitem>
+                        <para>int v4l2_munmap(void *_start, size_t length); -
+operates like the standard <link linkend='func-munmap'>munmap()</link> function.
+</para></listitem>
+</itemizedlist>
+                        <para>Those functions provide additional control:</para>
+<itemizedlist><listitem>
+                        <para>int v4l2_fd_open(int fd, int v4l2_flags) -
+opens an already opened fd for further use through v4l2lib and possibly
+modify libv4l2's default behavior through the v4l2_flags argument.
+Currently, v4l2_flags can be <constant>V4L2_DISABLE_CONVERSION</constant>,
+to disable format conversion.
+</para></listitem><listitem>
+                        <para>int v4l2_set_control(int fd, int cid, int value) -
+This function takes a value of 0 - 65535, and then scales that range to
+the actual range of the given v4l control id, and then if the cid exists
+and is not locked sets the cid to the scaled value.
+</para></listitem><listitem>
+                        <para>int v4l2_get_control(int fd, int cid) -
+This function returns a value of 0 - 65535, scaled to from the actual range
+of the given v4l control id. when the cid does not exist, could not be
+accessed for some reason, or some error occured 0 is returned.
+</para></listitem>
+</itemizedlist>
+                </section>
+        </section>
+        <section>
+
+                <title>v4l1compat.so wrapper library</title>
+
+                <para>This library intercepts calls to
+open/close/ioctl/mmap/mmunmap operations and redirects them to the libv4l
+counterparts, by using LD_PRELOAD=/usr/lib/v4l1compat.so. It also
+emulates V4L1 calls via V4L2 API.</para>
+                <para>It allows usage of binary legacy applications that
+still don't use libv4l.</para>
+        </section>
+
+</section>
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-grey.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-grey.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..3b72bc6b2de7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-grey.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+    <refentry id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-GREY">
+      <refmeta>
+        <refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_GREY ('GREY')</refentrytitle>
+        &manvol;
+      </refmeta>
+      <refnamediv>
+        <refname><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_GREY</constant></refname>
+        <refpurpose>Grey-scale image</refpurpose>
+      </refnamediv>
+      <refsect1>
+        <title>Description</title>
+
+        <para>This is a grey-scale image. It is really a degenerate
+Y'CbCr format which simply contains no Cb or Cr data.</para>
+
+        <example>
+          <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_GREY</constant> 4 &times; 4
+pixel image</title>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Byte Order.</title>
+            <para>Each cell is one byte.
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="5" align="center">
+                  <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;4:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;12:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+        </example>
+      </refsect1>
+    </refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-nv12.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-nv12.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..873f67035181
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-nv12.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+    <refentry>
+      <refmeta>
+        <refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12 ('NV12'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV21 ('NV21')</refentrytitle>
+        &manvol;
+      </refmeta>
+      <refnamediv>
+        <refname id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-NV12"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12</constant></refname>
+        <refname id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-NV21"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV21</constant></refname>
+        <refpurpose>Formats with &frac12; horizontal and vertical
+chroma resolution, also known as YUV 4:2:0. One luminance and one
+chrominance plane with alternating chroma samples as opposed to
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420</constant></refpurpose>
+      </refnamediv>
+      <refsect1>
+        <title>Description</title>
+
+        <para>These are two-plane versions of the YUV 4:2:0 format.
+The three components are separated into two sub-images or planes. The
+Y plane is first. The Y plane has one byte per pixel. For
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12</constant>, a combined CbCr plane
+immediately follows the Y plane in memory.  The CbCr plane is the same
+width, in bytes, as the Y plane (and of the image), but is half as
+tall in pixels. Each CbCr pair belongs to four pixels. For example,
+Cb<subscript>0</subscript>/Cr<subscript>0</subscript> belongs to
+Y'<subscript>00</subscript>, Y'<subscript>01</subscript>,
+Y'<subscript>10</subscript>, Y'<subscript>11</subscript>.
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV21</constant> is the same except the Cb and
+Cr bytes are swapped, the CrCb plane starts with a Cr byte.</para>
+
+        <para>If the Y plane has pad bytes after each row, then the
+CbCr plane has as many pad bytes after its rows.</para>
+
+        <example>
+          <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12</constant> 4 &times; 4
+pixel image</title>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Byte Order.</title>
+            <para>Each cell is one byte.
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="5" align="center">
+                  <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;4:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;12:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;16:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;20:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Color Sample Location.</title>
+            <para>
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="7" align="center">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry>0</entry><entry></entry><entry>1</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>2</entry><entry></entry><entry>3</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>0</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>1</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>2</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>3</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+        </example>
+      </refsect1>
+    </refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-nv16.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-nv16.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..26094035fc04
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-nv16.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+    <refentry>
+      <refmeta>
+        <refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV16 ('NV16'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV61 ('NV61')</refentrytitle>
+        &manvol;
+      </refmeta>
+      <refnamediv>
+        <refname id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-NV16"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV16</constant></refname>
+        <refname id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-NV61"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV61</constant></refname>
+        <refpurpose>Formats with &frac12; horizontal
+chroma resolution, also known as YUV 4:2:2. One luminance and one
+chrominance plane with alternating chroma samples as opposed to
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420</constant></refpurpose>
+      </refnamediv>
+      <refsect1>
+        <title>Description</title>
+
+        <para>These are two-plane versions of the YUV 4:2:2 format.
+The three components are separated into two sub-images or planes. The
+Y plane is first. The Y plane has one byte per pixel. For
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV16</constant>, a combined CbCr plane
+immediately follows the Y plane in memory.  The CbCr plane is the same
+width and height, in bytes, as the Y plane (and of the image).
+Each CbCr pair belongs to two pixels. For example,
+Cb<subscript>0</subscript>/Cr<subscript>0</subscript> belongs to
+Y'<subscript>00</subscript>, Y'<subscript>01</subscript>.
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV61</constant> is the same except the Cb and
+Cr bytes are swapped, the CrCb plane starts with a Cr byte.</para>
+
+        <para>If the Y plane has pad bytes after each row, then the
+CbCr plane has as many pad bytes after its rows.</para>
+
+        <example>
+          <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV16</constant> 4 &times; 4
+pixel image</title>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Byte Order.</title>
+            <para>Each cell is one byte.
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="5" align="center">
+                  <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;4:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;12:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;16:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;20:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;24:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;28:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Color Sample Location.</title>
+            <para>
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="7" align="center">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry>0</entry><entry></entry><entry>1</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>2</entry><entry></entry><entry>3</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>0</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>1</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>2</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>3</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+        </example>
+      </refsect1>
+    </refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-packed-rgb.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-packed-rgb.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..d2dd697a81d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-packed-rgb.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,862 @@
+<refentry id="packed-rgb">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>Packed RGB formats</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>Packed RGB formats</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Packed RGB formats</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>These formats are designed to match the pixel formats of
+typical PC graphics frame buffers. They occupy 8, 16, 24 or 32 bits
+per pixel. These are all packed-pixel formats, meaning all the data
+for a pixel lie next to each other in memory.</para>
+
+    <para>When one of these formats is used, drivers shall report the
+colorspace <constant>V4L2_COLORSPACE_SRGB</constant>.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="rgb-formats">
+      <title>Packed RGB Image Formats</title>
+      <tgroup cols="37" align="center">
+        <colspec colname="id" align="left" />
+        <colspec colname="fourcc" />
+        <colspec colname="bit" />
+
+        <colspec colnum="4" colname="b07" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="5" colname="b06" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="6" colname="b05" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="7" colname="b04" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="8" colname="b03" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="9" colname="b02" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="10" colname="b01" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="11" colname="b00" align="center" />
+
+        <colspec colnum="13" colname="b17" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="14" colname="b16" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="15" colname="b15" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="16" colname="b14" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="17" colname="b13" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="18" colname="b12" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="19" colname="b11" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="20" colname="b10" align="center" />
+
+        <colspec colnum="22" colname="b27" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="23" colname="b26" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="24" colname="b25" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="25" colname="b24" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="26" colname="b23" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="27" colname="b22" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="28" colname="b21" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="29" colname="b20" align="center" />
+
+        <colspec colnum="31" colname="b37" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="32" colname="b36" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="33" colname="b35" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="34" colname="b34" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="35" colname="b33" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="36" colname="b32" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="37" colname="b31" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="38" colname="b30" align="center" />
+
+        <spanspec namest="b07" nameend="b00" spanname="b0" />
+        <spanspec namest="b17" nameend="b10" spanname="b1" />
+        <spanspec namest="b27" nameend="b20" spanname="b2" />
+        <spanspec namest="b37" nameend="b30" spanname="b3" />
+        <thead>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Identifier</entry>
+            <entry>Code</entry>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry spanname="b0">Byte&nbsp;0 in memory</entry>
+            <entry spanname="b1">Byte&nbsp;1</entry>
+            <entry spanname="b2">Byte&nbsp;2</entry>
+            <entry spanname="b3">Byte&nbsp;3</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>Bit</entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>5</entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>5</entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>5</entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>5</entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+          </row>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB332">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB332</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'RGB1'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB444">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB444</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'R444'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB555">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB555</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'RGBO'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>a</entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB565">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB565</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'RGBP'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB555X">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB555X</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'RGBQ'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>a</entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB565X">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB565X</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'RGBR'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-BGR24">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR24</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'BGR3'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB24">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB24</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'RGB3'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-BGR32">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR32</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'BGR4'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB32">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB32</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'RGB4'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <para>Bit 7 is the most significant bit. The value of a = alpha
+bits is undefined when reading from the driver, ignored when writing
+to the driver, except when alpha blending has been negotiated for a
+<link linkend="overlay">Video Overlay</link> or <link
+linkend="osd">Video Output Overlay</link>.</para>
+
+    <example>
+      <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR24</constant> 4 &times; 4 pixel
+image</title>
+
+      <formalpara>
+        <title>Byte Order.</title>
+        <para>Each cell is one byte.
+              <informaltable frame="none">
+            <tgroup cols="13" align="center">
+              <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+              <tbody valign="top">
+                <row>
+                  <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;12:</entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;24:</entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;36:</entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                </row>
+              </tbody>
+            </tgroup>
+              </informaltable>
+            </para>
+      </formalpara>
+    </example>
+
+    <important>
+      <para>Drivers may interpret these formats differently.</para>
+    </important>
+
+    <para>Some RGB formats above are uncommon and were probably
+defined in error. Drivers may interpret them as in <xref
+        linkend="rgb-formats-corrected" />.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="rgb-formats-corrected">
+      <title>Packed RGB Image Formats (corrected)</title>
+      <tgroup cols="37" align="center">
+        <colspec colname="id" align="left" />
+        <colspec colname="fourcc" />
+        <colspec colname="bit" />
+
+        <colspec colnum="4" colname="b07" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="5" colname="b06" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="6" colname="b05" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="7" colname="b04" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="8" colname="b03" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="9" colname="b02" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="10" colname="b01" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="11" colname="b00" align="center" />
+
+        <colspec colnum="13" colname="b17" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="14" colname="b16" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="15" colname="b15" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="16" colname="b14" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="17" colname="b13" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="18" colname="b12" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="19" colname="b11" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="20" colname="b10" align="center" />
+
+        <colspec colnum="22" colname="b27" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="23" colname="b26" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="24" colname="b25" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="25" colname="b24" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="26" colname="b23" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="27" colname="b22" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="28" colname="b21" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="29" colname="b20" align="center" />
+
+        <colspec colnum="31" colname="b37" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="32" colname="b36" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="33" colname="b35" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="34" colname="b34" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="35" colname="b33" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="36" colname="b32" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="37" colname="b31" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="38" colname="b30" align="center" />
+
+        <spanspec namest="b07" nameend="b00" spanname="b0" />
+        <spanspec namest="b17" nameend="b10" spanname="b1" />
+        <spanspec namest="b27" nameend="b20" spanname="b2" />
+        <spanspec namest="b37" nameend="b30" spanname="b3" />
+        <thead>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Identifier</entry>
+            <entry>Code</entry>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry spanname="b0">Byte&nbsp;0 in memory</entry>
+            <entry spanname="b1">Byte&nbsp;1</entry>
+            <entry spanname="b2">Byte&nbsp;2</entry>
+            <entry spanname="b3">Byte&nbsp;3</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>Bit</entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>5</entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>5</entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>5</entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>5</entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+          </row>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row><!-- id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB332" -->
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB332</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'RGB1'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><!-- id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB444" -->
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB444</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'R444'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><!-- id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB555" -->
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB555</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'RGBO'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>a</entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><!-- id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB565" -->
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB565</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'RGBP'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><!-- id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB555X" -->
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB555X</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'RGBQ'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>a</entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><!-- id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB565X" -->
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB565X</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'RGBR'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><!-- id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-BGR24" -->
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR24</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'BGR3'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><!-- id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB24" -->
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB24</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'RGB3'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><!-- id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-BGR32" -->
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR32</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'BGR4'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><!-- id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB32" -->
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB32</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'RGB4'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <para>A test utility to determine which RGB formats a driver
+actually supports is available from the LinuxTV v4l-dvb repository.
+See &v4l-dvb; for access instructions.</para>
+
+  </refsect1>
+    </refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-packed-yuv.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-packed-yuv.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..3cab5d0ca75d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-packed-yuv.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,244 @@
+<refentry id="packed-yuv">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>Packed YUV formats</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>Packed YUV formats</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Packed YUV formats</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>Similar to the packed RGB formats these formats store
+the Y, Cb and Cr component of each pixel in one 16 or 32 bit
+word.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none">
+      <title>Packed YUV Image Formats</title>
+      <tgroup cols="37" align="center">
+        <colspec colname="id" align="left" />
+        <colspec colname="fourcc" />
+        <colspec colname="bit" />
+
+        <colspec colnum="4" colname="b07" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="5" colname="b06" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="6" colname="b05" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="7" colname="b04" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="8" colname="b03" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="9" colname="b02" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="10" colname="b01" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="11" colname="b00" align="center" />
+
+        <colspec colnum="13" colname="b17" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="14" colname="b16" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="15" colname="b15" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="16" colname="b14" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="17" colname="b13" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="18" colname="b12" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="19" colname="b11" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="20" colname="b10" align="center" />
+
+        <colspec colnum="22" colname="b27" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="23" colname="b26" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="24" colname="b25" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="25" colname="b24" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="26" colname="b23" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="27" colname="b22" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="28" colname="b21" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="29" colname="b20" align="center" />
+
+        <colspec colnum="31" colname="b37" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="32" colname="b36" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="33" colname="b35" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="34" colname="b34" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="35" colname="b33" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="36" colname="b32" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="37" colname="b31" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="38" colname="b30" align="center" />
+
+        <spanspec namest="b07" nameend="b00" spanname="b0" />
+        <spanspec namest="b17" nameend="b10" spanname="b1" />
+        <spanspec namest="b27" nameend="b20" spanname="b2" />
+        <spanspec namest="b37" nameend="b30" spanname="b3" />
+        <thead>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Identifier</entry>
+            <entry>Code</entry>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry spanname="b0">Byte&nbsp;0 in memory</entry>
+            <entry spanname="b1">Byte&nbsp;1</entry>
+            <entry spanname="b2">Byte&nbsp;2</entry>
+            <entry spanname="b3">Byte&nbsp;3</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>Bit</entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>5</entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>5</entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>5</entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>5</entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+          </row>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV444">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV444</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'Y444'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV555">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV555</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'YUVO'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>a</entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV565">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV565</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'YUVP'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV32">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV32</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'YUV4'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <para>Bit 7 is the most significant bit. The value of a = alpha
+bits is undefined when reading from the driver, ignored when writing
+to the driver, except when alpha blending has been negotiated for a
+<link linkend="overlay">Video Overlay</link> or <link
+linkend="osd">Video Output Overlay</link>.</para>
+
+  </refsect1>
+    </refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-sbggr16.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-sbggr16.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..519a9efbac10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-sbggr16.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+<refentry id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SBGGR16">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR16 ('BYR2')</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR16</constant></refname>
+    <refpurpose>Bayer RGB format</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>This format is similar to <link
+linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SBGGR8">
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR8</constant></link>, except each pixel has
+a depth of 16 bits. The least significant byte is stored at lower
+memory addresses (little-endian). Note the actual sampling precision
+may be lower than 16 bits, for example 10 bits per pixel with values
+in range 0 to 1023.</para>
+
+    <example>
+      <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR16</constant> 4 &times; 4
+pixel image</title>
+
+      <formalpara>
+        <title>Byte Order.</title>
+        <para>Each cell is one byte.
+          <informaltable frame="none">
+            <tgroup cols="5" align="center">
+              <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+              <tbody valign="top">
+                <row>
+                  <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>00low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>00high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>01low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>01high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>02low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>02high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>03low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>03high</subscript></entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>10low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>10high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>11low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>11high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>12low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>12high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>13low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>13high</subscript></entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;16:</entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>20low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>20high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>21low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>21high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>22low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>22high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>23low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>23high</subscript></entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;24:</entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>30low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>30high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>31low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>31high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>32low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>32high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>33low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>33high</subscript></entry>
+                </row>
+              </tbody>
+            </tgroup>
+          </informaltable>
+        </para>
+      </formalpara>
+    </example>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-sbggr8.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-sbggr8.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..5fe84ecc2ebe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-sbggr8.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+    <refentry id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SBGGR8">
+      <refmeta>
+        <refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR8 ('BA81')</refentrytitle>
+        &manvol;
+      </refmeta>
+      <refnamediv>
+        <refname><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR8</constant></refname>
+        <refpurpose>Bayer RGB format</refpurpose>
+      </refnamediv>
+      <refsect1>
+        <title>Description</title>
+
+        <para>This is commonly the native format of digital cameras,
+reflecting the arrangement of sensors on the CCD device. Only one red,
+green or blue value is given for each pixel. Missing components must
+be interpolated from neighbouring pixels. From left to right the first
+row consists of a blue and green value, the second row of a green and
+red value. This scheme repeats to the right and down for every two
+columns and rows.</para>
+
+        <example>
+          <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR8</constant> 4 &times; 4
+pixel image</title>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Byte Order.</title>
+            <para>Each cell is one byte.
+              <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="5" align="center">
+                  <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                      <entry>B<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>B<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;4:</entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>R<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>R<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
+                      <entry>B<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>B<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;12:</entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>R<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>R<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+              </informaltable>
+            </para>
+          </formalpara>
+        </example>
+      </refsect1>
+    </refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-sgbrg8.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-sgbrg8.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..d67a472b0880
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-sgbrg8.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+    <refentry id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SGBRG8">
+      <refmeta>
+        <refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG8 ('GBRG')</refentrytitle>
+        &manvol;
+      </refmeta>
+      <refnamediv>
+        <refname><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG8</constant></refname>
+        <refpurpose>Bayer RGB format</refpurpose>
+      </refnamediv>
+      <refsect1>
+        <title>Description</title>
+
+        <para>This is commonly the native format of digital cameras,
+reflecting the arrangement of sensors on the CCD device. Only one red,
+green or blue value is given for each pixel. Missing components must
+be interpolated from neighbouring pixels. From left to right the first
+row consists of a green and blue value, the second row of a red and
+green value. This scheme repeats to the right and down for every two
+columns and rows.</para>
+
+        <example>
+          <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG8</constant> 4 &times; 4
+pixel image</title>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Byte Order.</title>
+            <para>Each cell is one byte.
+              <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="5" align="center">
+                  <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>B<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>B<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;4:</entry>
+                      <entry>R<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>R<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>B<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>B<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;12:</entry>
+                      <entry>R<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>R<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+              </informaltable>
+            </para>
+          </formalpara>
+        </example>
+      </refsect1>
+    </refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-sgrbg8.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-sgrbg8.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..0cdf13b8ac1c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-sgrbg8.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+    <refentry id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SGRBG8">
+      <refmeta>
+        <refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG8 ('GRBG')</refentrytitle>
+        &manvol;
+      </refmeta>
+      <refnamediv>
+        <refname><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG8</constant></refname>
+        <refpurpose>Bayer RGB format</refpurpose>
+      </refnamediv>
+      <refsect1>
+        <title>Description</title>
+
+        <para>This is commonly the native format of digital cameras,
+reflecting the arrangement of sensors on the CCD device. Only one red,
+green or blue value is given for each pixel. Missing components must
+be interpolated from neighbouring pixels. From left to right the first
+row consists of a green and blue value, the second row of a red and
+green value. This scheme repeats to the right and down for every two
+columns and rows.</para>
+
+        <example>
+          <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG8</constant> 4 &times;
+4 pixel image</title>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Byte Order.</title>
+            <para>Each cell is one byte.
+              <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="5" align="center">
+                  <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>R<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>R<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;4:</entry>
+                      <entry>R<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>B<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>R<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>B<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>R<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>R<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;12:</entry>
+                      <entry>R<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>B<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>R<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>B<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+              </informaltable>
+            </para>
+          </formalpara>
+        </example>
+      </refsect1>
+    </refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-uyvy.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-uyvy.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..816c8d467c16
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-uyvy.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+    <refentry id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-UYVY">
+      <refmeta>
+        <refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_UYVY ('UYVY')</refentrytitle>
+        &manvol;
+      </refmeta>
+      <refnamediv>
+        <refname><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_UYVY</constant></refname>
+        <refpurpose>Variation of
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV</constant> with different order of samples
+in memory</refpurpose>
+      </refnamediv>
+      <refsect1>
+        <title>Description</title>
+
+        <para>In this format each four bytes is two pixels. Each four
+bytes is two Y's, a Cb and a Cr. Each Y goes to one of the pixels, and
+the Cb and Cr belong to both pixels. As you can see, the Cr and Cb
+components have half the horizontal resolution of the Y
+component.</para>
+
+        <example>
+          <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_UYVY</constant> 4 &times; 4
+pixel image</title>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Byte Order.</title>
+            <para>Each cell is one byte.
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="9" align="center">
+                  <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;16:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;24:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Color Sample Location.</title>
+            <para>
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="7" align="center">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry>0</entry><entry></entry><entry>1</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>2</entry><entry></entry><entry>3</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>0</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>1</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>2</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>3</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+        </example>
+      </refsect1>
+    </refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-vyuy.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-vyuy.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..61f12a5e68d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-vyuy.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+    <refentry id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-VYUY">
+      <refmeta>
+        <refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_VYUY ('VYUY')</refentrytitle>
+        &manvol;
+      </refmeta>
+      <refnamediv>
+        <refname><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_VYUY</constant></refname>
+        <refpurpose>Variation of
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV</constant> with different order of samples
+in memory</refpurpose>
+      </refnamediv>
+      <refsect1>
+        <title>Description</title>
+
+        <para>In this format each four bytes is two pixels. Each four
+bytes is two Y's, a Cb and a Cr. Each Y goes to one of the pixels, and
+the Cb and Cr belong to both pixels. As you can see, the Cr and Cb
+components have half the horizontal resolution of the Y
+component.</para>
+
+        <example>
+          <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_VYUY</constant> 4 &times; 4
+pixel image</title>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Byte Order.</title>
+            <para>Each cell is one byte.
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="9" align="center">
+                  <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;16:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;24:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Color Sample Location.</title>
+            <para>
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="7" align="center">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry>0</entry><entry></entry><entry>1</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>2</entry><entry></entry><entry>3</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>0</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>1</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>2</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>3</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+        </example>
+      </refsect1>
+    </refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-y16.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-y16.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..d58404015078
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-y16.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+<refentry id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-Y16">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y16 ('Y16 ')</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y16</constant></refname>
+    <refpurpose>Grey-scale image</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>This is a grey-scale image with a depth of 16 bits per
+pixel. The least significant byte is stored at lower memory addresses
+(little-endian). Note the actual sampling precision may be lower than
+16 bits, for example 10 bits per pixel with values in range 0 to
+1023.</para>
+
+    <example>
+      <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y16</constant> 4 &times; 4
+pixel image</title>
+
+      <formalpara>
+        <title>Byte Order.</title>
+        <para>Each cell is one byte.
+          <informaltable frame="none">
+            <tgroup cols="9" align="center">
+              <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+              <tbody valign="top">
+                <row>
+                  <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>00low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>00high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>01low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>01high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>02low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>02high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>03low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>03high</subscript></entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>10low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>10high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>11low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>11high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>12low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>12high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>13low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>13high</subscript></entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;16:</entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>20low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>20high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>21low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>21high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>22low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>22high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>23low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>23high</subscript></entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;24:</entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>30low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>30high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>31low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>31high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>32low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>32high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>33low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>33high</subscript></entry>
+                </row>
+              </tbody>
+            </tgroup>
+          </informaltable>
+        </para>
+      </formalpara>
+    </example>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-y41p.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-y41p.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..73c8536efb05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-y41p.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+    <refentry id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-Y41P">
+      <refmeta>
+        <refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y41P ('Y41P')</refentrytitle>
+        &manvol;
+      </refmeta>
+      <refnamediv>
+        <refname><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y41P</constant></refname>
+        <refpurpose>Format with &frac14; horizontal chroma
+resolution, also known as YUV 4:1:1</refpurpose>
+      </refnamediv>
+      <refsect1>
+        <title>Description</title>
+
+        <para>In this format each 12 bytes is eight pixels. In the
+twelve bytes are two CbCr pairs and eight Y's. The first CbCr pair
+goes with the first four Y's, and the second CbCr pair goes with the
+other four Y's. The Cb and Cr components have one fourth the
+horizontal resolution of the Y component.</para>
+
+        <para>Do not confuse this format with <link
+linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV411P"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV411P</constant></link>.
+Y41P is derived from "YUV 4:1:1 <emphasis>packed</emphasis>", while
+YUV411P stands for "YUV 4:1:1 <emphasis>planar</emphasis>".</para>
+
+        <example>
+          <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y41P</constant> 8 &times; 4
+pixel image</title>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Byte Order</title>
+            <para>Each cell is one byte.
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="13" align="center">
+                  <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>04</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>05</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>06</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>07</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;12:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>14</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>15</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>16</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>17</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;24:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>24</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>25</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>26</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>27</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;36:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>34</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>35</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>36</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>37</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+              </informaltable></para>
+          </formalpara>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Color Sample Location.</title>
+            <para>
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="15" align="center">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry>0</entry><entry></entry><entry>1</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>2</entry><entry></entry><entry>3</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>4</entry><entry></entry><entry>5</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>6</entry><entry></entry><entry>7</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>0</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>1</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>2</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>3</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+        </example>
+      </refsect1>
+    </refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yuv410.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yuv410.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..8eb4a193d770
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yuv410.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+    <refentry>
+      <refmeta>
+        <refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU410 ('YVU9'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV410 ('YUV9')</refentrytitle>
+        &manvol;
+      </refmeta>
+      <refnamediv>
+        <refname id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YVU410"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU410</constant></refname>
+        <refname id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV410"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV410</constant></refname>
+        <refpurpose>Planar formats with &frac14; horizontal and
+vertical chroma resolution, also known as YUV 4:1:0</refpurpose>
+      </refnamediv>
+      <refsect1>
+        <title>Description</title>
+
+        <para>These are planar formats, as opposed to a packed format.
+The three components are separated into three sub-images or planes.
+The Y plane is first. The Y plane has one byte per pixel. For
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU410</constant>, the Cr plane immediately
+follows the Y plane in memory. The Cr plane is &frac14; the width and
+&frac14; the height of the Y plane (and of the image). Each Cr belongs
+to 16 pixels, a four-by-four square of the image. Following the Cr
+plane is the Cb plane, just like the Cr plane.
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV410</constant> is the same, except the Cb
+plane comes first, then the Cr plane.</para>
+
+        <para>If the Y plane has pad bytes after each row, then the Cr
+and Cb planes have &frac14; as many pad bytes after their rows. In
+other words, four Cx rows (including padding) are exactly as long as
+one Y row (including padding).</para>
+
+        <example>
+          <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU410</constant> 4 &times; 4
+pixel image</title>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Byte Order.</title>
+            <para>Each cell is one byte.
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="5" align="center">
+                  <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;4:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;12:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;16:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;17:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Color Sample Location.</title>
+            <para>
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="7" align="center">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry>0</entry><entry></entry><entry>1</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>2</entry><entry></entry><entry>3</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>0</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>1</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry></entry><entry></entry><entry>C</entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry></entry><entry></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>2</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>3</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+        </example>
+      </refsect1>
+    </refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yuv411p.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yuv411p.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..00e0960a9869
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yuv411p.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+    <refentry id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV411P">
+      <refmeta>
+        <refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV411P ('411P')</refentrytitle>
+        &manvol;
+      </refmeta>
+      <refnamediv>
+        <refname><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV411P</constant></refname>
+        <refpurpose>Format with &frac14; horizontal chroma resolution,
+also known as YUV 4:1:1. Planar layout as opposed to
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y41P</constant></refpurpose>
+      </refnamediv>
+      <refsect1>
+        <title>Description</title>
+
+        <para>This format is not commonly used. This is a planar
+format similar to the 4:2:2 planar format except with half as many
+chroma. The three components are separated into three sub-images or
+planes. The Y plane is first. The Y plane has one byte per pixel. The
+Cb plane immediately follows the Y plane in memory. The Cb plane is
+&frac14; the width of the Y plane (and of the image). Each Cb belongs
+to 4 pixels all on the same row. For example,
+Cb<subscript>0</subscript> belongs to Y'<subscript>00</subscript>,
+Y'<subscript>01</subscript>, Y'<subscript>02</subscript> and
+Y'<subscript>03</subscript>. Following the Cb plane is the Cr plane,
+just like the Cb plane.</para>
+
+        <para>If the Y plane has pad bytes after each row, then the Cr
+and Cb planes have &frac14; as many pad bytes after their rows. In
+other words, four C x rows (including padding) is exactly as long as
+one Y row (including padding).</para>
+
+        <example>
+          <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV411P</constant> 4 &times; 4
+pixel image</title>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Byte Order.</title>
+            <para>Each cell is one byte.
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="5" align="center">
+                  <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;4:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;12:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;16:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;17:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;18:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;19:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;20:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;21:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;22:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;23:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Color Sample Location.</title>
+            <para>
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="7" align="center">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry>0</entry><entry></entry><entry>1</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>2</entry><entry></entry><entry>3</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>0</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>1</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>2</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>3</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+        </example>
+      </refsect1>
+    </refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yuv420.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yuv420.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..42d7de5e456d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yuv420.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+    <refentry>
+      <refmeta>
+        <refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420 ('YV12'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV420 ('YU12')</refentrytitle>
+        &manvol;
+     </refmeta>
+      <refnamediv>
+        <refname id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YVU420"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420</constant></refname>
+        <refname id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV420"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV420</constant></refname>
+        <refpurpose>Planar formats with &frac12; horizontal and
+vertical chroma resolution, also known as YUV 4:2:0</refpurpose>
+      </refnamediv>
+      <refsect1>
+        <title>Description</title>
+
+        <para>These are planar formats, as opposed to a packed format.
+The three components are separated into three sub- images or planes.
+The Y plane is first. The Y plane has one byte per pixel. For
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420</constant>, the Cr plane immediately
+follows the Y plane in memory. The Cr plane is half the width and half
+the height of the Y plane (and of the image). Each Cr belongs to four
+pixels, a two-by-two square of the image. For example,
+Cr<subscript>0</subscript> belongs to Y'<subscript>00</subscript>,
+Y'<subscript>01</subscript>, Y'<subscript>10</subscript>, and
+Y'<subscript>11</subscript>. Following the Cr plane is the Cb plane,
+just like the Cr plane. <constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV420</constant> is
+the same except the Cb plane comes first, then the Cr plane.</para>
+
+        <para>If the Y plane has pad bytes after each row, then the Cr
+and Cb planes have half as many pad bytes after their rows. In other
+words, two Cx rows (including padding) is exactly as long as one Y row
+(including padding).</para>
+
+        <example>
+          <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420</constant> 4 &times; 4
+pixel image</title>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Byte Order.</title>
+            <para>Each cell is one byte.
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="5" align="center">
+                  <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;4:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;12:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;16:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;18:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;20:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;22:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Color Sample Location.</title>
+            <para>
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="7" align="center">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry>0</entry><entry></entry><entry>1</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>2</entry><entry></entry><entry>3</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>0</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>1</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>2</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>3</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+        </example>
+      </refsect1>
+    </refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yuv422p.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yuv422p.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..4348bd9f0d01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yuv422p.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+    <refentry id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV422P">
+      <refmeta>
+        <refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV422P ('422P')</refentrytitle>
+        &manvol;
+      </refmeta>
+      <refnamediv>
+        <refname><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV422P</constant></refname>
+        <refpurpose>Format with &frac12; horizontal chroma resolution,
+also known as YUV 4:2:2. Planar layout as opposed to
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV</constant></refpurpose>
+      </refnamediv>
+      <refsect1>
+        <title>Description</title>
+
+        <para>This format is not commonly used. This is a planar
+version of the YUYV format. The three components are separated into
+three sub-images or planes. The Y plane is first. The Y plane has one
+byte per pixel. The Cb plane immediately follows the Y plane in
+memory. The Cb plane is half the width of the Y plane (and of the
+image). Each Cb belongs to two pixels. For example,
+Cb<subscript>0</subscript> belongs to Y'<subscript>00</subscript>,
+Y'<subscript>01</subscript>. Following the Cb plane is the Cr plane,
+just like the Cb plane.</para>
+
+        <para>If the Y plane has pad bytes after each row, then the Cr
+and Cb planes have half as many pad bytes after their rows. In other
+words, two Cx rows (including padding) is exactly as long as one Y row
+(including padding).</para>
+
+        <example>
+          <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV422P</constant> 4 &times; 4
+pixel image</title>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Byte Order.</title>
+            <para>Each cell is one byte.
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="5" align="center">
+                  <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;4:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;12:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;16:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;18:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;20:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;22:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;24:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;26:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;28:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;30:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Color Sample Location.</title>
+            <para>
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="7" align="center">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry>0</entry><entry></entry><entry>1</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>2</entry><entry></entry><entry>3</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>0</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>1</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>2</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>3</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+        </example>
+      </refsect1>
+    </refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yuyv.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yuyv.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..bdb2ffacbbcc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yuyv.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+    <refentry id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUYV">
+      <refmeta>
+        <refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV ('YUYV')</refentrytitle>
+        &manvol;
+      </refmeta>
+      <refnamediv>
+        <refname><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV</constant></refname>
+        <refpurpose>Packed format with &frac12; horizontal chroma
+resolution, also known as YUV 4:2:2</refpurpose>
+      </refnamediv>
+      <refsect1>
+        <title>Description</title>
+
+        <para>In this format each four bytes is two pixels. Each four
+bytes is two Y's, a Cb and a Cr. Each Y goes to one of the pixels, and
+the Cb and Cr belong to both pixels. As you can see, the Cr and Cb
+components have half the horizontal resolution of the Y component.
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV </constant> is known in the Windows
+environment as YUY2.</para>
+
+        <example>
+          <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV</constant> 4 &times; 4
+pixel image</title>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Byte Order.</title>
+            <para>Each cell is one byte.
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="9" align="center">
+                  <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;16:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;24:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Color Sample Location.</title>
+            <para>
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="7" align="center">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry>0</entry><entry></entry><entry>1</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>2</entry><entry></entry><entry>3</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>0</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>1</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>2</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>3</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+        </example>
+      </refsect1>
+    </refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yvyu.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yvyu.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..40d17ae39dde
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yvyu.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+    <refentry id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YVYU">
+      <refmeta>
+        <refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVYU ('YVYU')</refentrytitle>
+        &manvol;
+      </refmeta>
+      <refnamediv>
+        <refname><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVYU</constant></refname>
+        <refpurpose>Variation of
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV</constant> with different order of samples
+in memory</refpurpose>
+      </refnamediv>
+      <refsect1>
+        <title>Description</title>
+
+        <para>In this format each four bytes is two pixels. Each four
+bytes is two Y's, a Cb and a Cr. Each Y goes to one of the pixels, and
+the Cb and Cr belong to both pixels. As you can see, the Cr and Cb
+components have half the horizontal resolution of the Y
+component.</para>
+
+        <example>
+          <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVYU</constant> 4 &times; 4
+pixel image</title>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Byte Order.</title>
+            <para>Each cell is one byte.
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="9" align="center">
+                  <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;16:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;24:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Color Sample Location.</title>
+            <para>
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="7" align="center">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry>0</entry><entry></entry><entry>1</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>2</entry><entry></entry><entry>3</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>0</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>1</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>2</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>3</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+        </example>
+      </refsect1>
+    </refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..7d396a3785f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,801 @@
+  <title>Image Formats</title>
+
+  <para>The V4L2 API was primarily designed for devices exchanging
+image data with applications. The
+<structname>v4l2_pix_format</structname> structure defines the format
+and layout of an image in memory. Image formats are negotiated with
+the &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl. (The explanations here focus on video
+capturing and output, for overlay frame buffer formats see also
+&VIDIOC-G-FBUF;.)</para>
+
+  <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-pix-format">
+    <title>struct <structname>v4l2_pix_format</structname></title>
+    <tgroup cols="3">
+      &cs-str;
+      <tbody valign="top">
+        <row>
+          <entry>__u32</entry>
+          <entry><structfield>width</structfield></entry>
+          <entry>Image width in pixels.</entry>
+        </row>
+        <row>
+          <entry>__u32</entry>
+          <entry><structfield>height</structfield></entry>
+          <entry>Image height in pixels.</entry>
+        </row>
+        <row>
+          <entry spanname="hspan">Applications set these fields to
+request an image size, drivers return the closest possible values. In
+case of planar formats the <structfield>width</structfield> and
+<structfield>height</structfield> applies to the largest plane. To
+avoid ambiguities drivers must return values rounded up to a multiple
+of the scale factor of any smaller planes. For example when the image
+format is YUV 4:2:0, <structfield>width</structfield> and
+<structfield>height</structfield> must be multiples of two.</entry>
+        </row>
+        <row>
+          <entry>__u32</entry>
+          <entry><structfield>pixelformat</structfield></entry>
+          <entry>The pixel format or type of compression, set by the
+application. This is a little endian <link
+linkend="v4l2-fourcc">four character code</link>. V4L2 defines
+standard RGB formats in <xref linkend="rgb-formats" />, YUV formats in <xref
+linkend="yuv-formats" />, and reserved codes in <xref
+linkend="reserved-formats" /></entry>
+        </row>
+        <row>
+          <entry>&v4l2-field;</entry>
+          <entry><structfield>field</structfield></entry>
+          <entry>Video images are typically interlaced. Applications
+can request to capture or output only the top or bottom field, or both
+fields interlaced or sequentially stored in one buffer or alternating
+in separate buffers. Drivers return the actual field order selected.
+For details see <xref linkend="field-order" />.</entry>
+        </row>
+        <row>
+          <entry>__u32</entry>
+          <entry><structfield>bytesperline</structfield></entry>
+          <entry>Distance in bytes between the leftmost pixels in two
+adjacent lines.</entry>
+        </row>
+        <row>
+          <entry spanname="hspan"><para>Both applications and drivers
+can set this field to request padding bytes at the end of each line.
+Drivers however may ignore the value requested by the application,
+returning <structfield>width</structfield> times bytes per pixel or a
+larger value required by the hardware. That implies applications can
+just set this field to zero to get a reasonable
+default.</para><para>Video hardware may access padding bytes,
+therefore they must reside in accessible memory. Consider cases where
+padding bytes after the last line of an image cross a system page
+boundary. Input devices may write padding bytes, the value is
+undefined. Output devices ignore the contents of padding
+bytes.</para><para>When the image format is planar the
+<structfield>bytesperline</structfield> value applies to the largest
+plane and is divided by the same factor as the
+<structfield>width</structfield> field for any smaller planes. For
+example the Cb and Cr planes of a YUV 4:2:0 image have half as many
+padding bytes following each line as the Y plane. To avoid ambiguities
+drivers must return a <structfield>bytesperline</structfield> value
+rounded up to a multiple of the scale factor.</para></entry>
+        </row>
+        <row>
+          <entry>__u32</entry>
+          <entry><structfield>sizeimage</structfield></entry>
+          <entry>Size in bytes of the buffer to hold a complete image,
+set by the driver. Usually this is
+<structfield>bytesperline</structfield> times
+<structfield>height</structfield>. When the image consists of variable
+length compressed data this is the maximum number of bytes required to
+hold an image.</entry>
+        </row>
+        <row>
+          <entry>&v4l2-colorspace;</entry>
+          <entry><structfield>colorspace</structfield></entry>
+          <entry>This information supplements the
+<structfield>pixelformat</structfield> and must be set by the driver,
+see <xref linkend="colorspaces" />.</entry>
+        </row>
+        <row>
+          <entry>__u32</entry>
+          <entry><structfield>priv</structfield></entry>
+          <entry>Reserved for custom (driver defined) additional
+information about formats. When not used drivers and applications must
+set this field to zero.</entry>
+        </row>
+      </tbody>
+    </tgroup>
+  </table>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Standard Image Formats</title>
+
+    <para>In order to exchange images between drivers and
+applications, it is necessary to have standard image data formats
+which both sides will interpret the same way. V4L2 includes several
+such formats, and this section is intended to be an unambiguous
+specification of the standard image data formats in V4L2.</para>
+
+    <para>V4L2 drivers are not limited to these formats, however.
+Driver-specific formats are possible. In that case the application may
+depend on a codec to convert images to one of the standard formats
+when needed. But the data can still be stored and retrieved in the
+proprietary format. For example, a device may support a proprietary
+compressed format. Applications can still capture and save the data in
+the compressed format, saving much disk space, and later use a codec
+to convert the images to the X Windows screen format when the video is
+to be displayed.</para>
+
+    <para>Even so, ultimately, some standard formats are needed, so
+the V4L2 specification would not be complete without well-defined
+standard formats.</para>
+
+    <para>The V4L2 standard formats are mainly uncompressed formats. The
+pixels are always arranged in memory from left to right, and from top
+to bottom. The first byte of data in the image buffer is always for
+the leftmost pixel of the topmost row. Following that is the pixel
+immediately to its right, and so on until the end of the top row of
+pixels. Following the rightmost pixel of the row there may be zero or
+more bytes of padding to guarantee that each row of pixel data has a
+certain alignment. Following the pad bytes, if any, is data for the
+leftmost pixel of the second row from the top, and so on. The last row
+has just as many pad bytes after it as the other rows.</para>
+
+    <para>In V4L2 each format has an identifier which looks like
+<constant>PIX_FMT_XXX</constant>, defined in the <link
+linkend="videodev">videodev.h</link> header file. These identifiers
+represent <link linkend="v4l2-fourcc">four character codes</link>
+which are also listed below, however they are not the same as those
+used in the Windows world.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="colorspaces">
+    <title>Colorspaces</title>
+
+    <para>[intro]</para>
+
+    <!-- See proposal by Billy Biggs, video4linux-list@redhat.com
+on 11 Oct 2002, subject: "Re: [V4L] Re: v4l2 api", and
+http://vektor.theorem.ca/graphics/ycbcr/ and
+http://www.poynton.com/notes/colour_and_gamma/ColorFAQ.html -->
+
+    <para>
+      <variablelist>
+        <varlistentry>
+          <term>Gamma Correction</term>
+          <listitem>
+            <para>[to do]</para>
+            <para>E'<subscript>R</subscript> = f(R)</para>
+            <para>E'<subscript>G</subscript> = f(G)</para>
+            <para>E'<subscript>B</subscript> = f(B)</para>
+          </listitem>
+        </varlistentry>
+        <varlistentry>
+          <term>Construction of luminance and color-difference
+signals</term>
+          <listitem>
+            <para>[to do]</para>
+            <para>E'<subscript>Y</subscript> =
+Coeff<subscript>R</subscript> E'<subscript>R</subscript>
++ Coeff<subscript>G</subscript> E'<subscript>G</subscript>
++ Coeff<subscript>B</subscript> E'<subscript>B</subscript></para>
+            <para>(E'<subscript>R</subscript> - E'<subscript>Y</subscript>) = E'<subscript>R</subscript>
+- Coeff<subscript>R</subscript> E'<subscript>R</subscript>
+- Coeff<subscript>G</subscript> E'<subscript>G</subscript>
+- Coeff<subscript>B</subscript> E'<subscript>B</subscript></para>
+            <para>(E'<subscript>B</subscript> - E'<subscript>Y</subscript>) = E'<subscript>B</subscript>
+- Coeff<subscript>R</subscript> E'<subscript>R</subscript>
+- Coeff<subscript>G</subscript> E'<subscript>G</subscript>
+- Coeff<subscript>B</subscript> E'<subscript>B</subscript></para>
+          </listitem>
+        </varlistentry>
+        <varlistentry>
+          <term>Re-normalized color-difference signals</term>
+          <listitem>
+            <para>The color-difference signals are scaled back to unity
+range [-0.5;+0.5]:</para>
+            <para>K<subscript>B</subscript> = 0.5 / (1 - Coeff<subscript>B</subscript>)</para>
+            <para>K<subscript>R</subscript> = 0.5 / (1 - Coeff<subscript>R</subscript>)</para>
+            <para>P<subscript>B</subscript> =
+K<subscript>B</subscript> (E'<subscript>B</subscript> - E'<subscript>Y</subscript>) =
+  0.5 (Coeff<subscript>R</subscript> / Coeff<subscript>B</subscript>) E'<subscript>R</subscript>
++ 0.5 (Coeff<subscript>G</subscript> / Coeff<subscript>B</subscript>) E'<subscript>G</subscript>
++ 0.5 E'<subscript>B</subscript></para>
+            <para>P<subscript>R</subscript> =
+K<subscript>R</subscript> (E'<subscript>R</subscript> - E'<subscript>Y</subscript>) =
+  0.5 E'<subscript>R</subscript>
++ 0.5 (Coeff<subscript>G</subscript> / Coeff<subscript>R</subscript>) E'<subscript>G</subscript>
++ 0.5 (Coeff<subscript>B</subscript> / Coeff<subscript>R</subscript>) E'<subscript>B</subscript></para>
+          </listitem>
+        </varlistentry>
+        <varlistentry>
+          <term>Quantization</term>
+          <listitem>
+            <para>[to do]</para>
+            <para>Y' = (Lum. Levels - 1) &middot; E'<subscript>Y</subscript> + Lum. Offset</para>
+            <para>C<subscript>B</subscript> = (Chrom. Levels - 1)
+&middot; P<subscript>B</subscript> + Chrom. Offset</para>
+            <para>C<subscript>R</subscript> = (Chrom. Levels - 1)
+&middot; P<subscript>R</subscript> + Chrom. Offset</para>
+            <para>Rounding to the nearest integer and clamping to the range
+[0;255] finally yields the digital color components Y'CbCr
+stored in YUV images.</para>
+          </listitem>
+        </varlistentry>
+      </variablelist>
+    </para>
+
+    <example>
+      <title>ITU-R Rec. BT.601 color conversion</title>
+
+      <para>Forward Transformation</para>
+
+      <programlisting>
+int ER, EG, EB;         /* gamma corrected RGB input [0;255] */
+int Y1, Cb, Cr;         /* output [0;255] */
+
+double r, g, b;         /* temporaries */
+double y1, pb, pr;
+
+int
+clamp (double x)
+{
+        int r = x;      /* round to nearest */
+
+        if (r &lt; 0)         return 0;
+        else if (r &gt; 255)  return 255;
+        else               return r;
+}
+
+r = ER / 255.0;
+g = EG / 255.0;
+b = EB / 255.0;
+
+y1  =  0.299  * r + 0.587 * g + 0.114  * b;
+pb  = -0.169  * r - 0.331 * g + 0.5    * b;
+pr  =  0.5    * r - 0.419 * g - 0.081  * b;
+
+Y1 = clamp (219 * y1 + 16);
+Cb = clamp (224 * pb + 128);
+Cr = clamp (224 * pr + 128);
+
+/* or shorter */
+
+y1 = 0.299 * ER + 0.587 * EG + 0.114 * EB;
+
+Y1 = clamp ( (219 / 255.0)                    *       y1  + 16);
+Cb = clamp (((224 / 255.0) / (2 - 2 * 0.114)) * (EB - y1) + 128);
+Cr = clamp (((224 / 255.0) / (2 - 2 * 0.299)) * (ER - y1) + 128);
+      </programlisting>
+
+      <para>Inverse Transformation</para>
+
+      <programlisting>
+int Y1, Cb, Cr;         /* gamma pre-corrected input [0;255] */
+int ER, EG, EB;         /* output [0;255] */
+
+double r, g, b;         /* temporaries */
+double y1, pb, pr;
+
+int
+clamp (double x)
+{
+        int r = x;      /* round to nearest */
+
+        if (r &lt; 0)         return 0;
+        else if (r &gt; 255)  return 255;
+        else               return r;
+}
+
+y1 = (255 / 219.0) * (Y1 - 16);
+pb = (255 / 224.0) * (Cb - 128);
+pr = (255 / 224.0) * (Cr - 128);
+
+r = 1.0 * y1 + 0     * pb + 1.402 * pr;
+g = 1.0 * y1 - 0.344 * pb - 0.714 * pr;
+b = 1.0 * y1 + 1.772 * pb + 0     * pr;
+
+ER = clamp (r * 255); /* [ok? one should prob. limit y1,pb,pr] */
+EG = clamp (g * 255);
+EB = clamp (b * 255);
+      </programlisting>
+    </example>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" id="v4l2-colorspace" orient="land">
+      <title>enum v4l2_colorspace</title>
+      <tgroup cols="11" align="center">
+        <colspec align="left" />
+        <colspec align="center" />
+        <colspec align="left" />
+        <colspec colname="cr" />
+        <colspec colname="cg" />
+        <colspec colname="cb" />
+        <colspec colname="wp" />
+        <colspec colname="gc" />
+        <colspec colname="lum" />
+        <colspec colname="qy" />
+        <colspec colname="qc" />
+        <spanspec namest="cr" nameend="cb" spanname="chrom" />
+        <spanspec namest="qy" nameend="qc" spanname="quant" />
+        <spanspec namest="lum" nameend="qc" spanname="spam" />
+        <thead>
+          <row>
+            <entry morerows="1">Identifier</entry>
+            <entry morerows="1">Value</entry>
+            <entry morerows="1">Description</entry>
+            <entry spanname="chrom">Chromaticities<footnote>
+                <para>The coordinates of the color primaries are
+given in the CIE system (1931)</para>
+              </footnote></entry>
+            <entry morerows="1">White Point</entry>
+            <entry morerows="1">Gamma Correction</entry>
+            <entry morerows="1">Luminance E'<subscript>Y</subscript></entry>
+            <entry spanname="quant">Quantization</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Red</entry>
+            <entry>Green</entry>
+            <entry>Blue</entry>
+            <entry>Y'</entry>
+            <entry>Cb, Cr</entry>
+          </row>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_COLORSPACE_SMPTE170M</constant></entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>NTSC/PAL according to <xref linkend="smpte170m" />,
+<xref linkend="itu601" /></entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.630, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.340</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.310, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.595</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.155, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.070</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.3127, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.3290,
+            Illuminant D<subscript>65</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>E' = 4.5&nbsp;I&nbsp;for&nbsp;I&nbsp;&le;0.018,
+1.099&nbsp;I<superscript>0.45</superscript>&nbsp;-&nbsp;0.099&nbsp;for&nbsp;0.018&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;I</entry>
+            <entry>0.299&nbsp;E'<subscript>R</subscript>
++&nbsp;0.587&nbsp;E'<subscript>G</subscript>
++&nbsp;0.114&nbsp;E'<subscript>B</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>219&nbsp;E'<subscript>Y</subscript>&nbsp;+&nbsp;16</entry>
+            <entry>224&nbsp;P<subscript>B,R</subscript>&nbsp;+&nbsp;128</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_COLORSPACE_SMPTE240M</constant></entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>1125-Line (US) HDTV, see <xref
+linkend="smpte240m" /></entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.630, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.340</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.310, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.595</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.155, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.070</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.3127, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.3290,
+            Illuminant D<subscript>65</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>E' = 4&nbsp;I&nbsp;for&nbsp;I&nbsp;&le;0.0228,
+1.1115&nbsp;I<superscript>0.45</superscript>&nbsp;-&nbsp;0.1115&nbsp;for&nbsp;0.0228&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;I</entry>
+            <entry>0.212&nbsp;E'<subscript>R</subscript>
++&nbsp;0.701&nbsp;E'<subscript>G</subscript>
++&nbsp;0.087&nbsp;E'<subscript>B</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>219&nbsp;E'<subscript>Y</subscript>&nbsp;+&nbsp;16</entry>
+            <entry>224&nbsp;P<subscript>B,R</subscript>&nbsp;+&nbsp;128</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_COLORSPACE_REC709</constant></entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>HDTV and modern devices, see <xref
+linkend="itu709" /></entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.640, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.330</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.300, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.600</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.150, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.060</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.3127, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.3290,
+            Illuminant D<subscript>65</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>E' = 4.5&nbsp;I&nbsp;for&nbsp;I&nbsp;&le;0.018,
+1.099&nbsp;I<superscript>0.45</superscript>&nbsp;-&nbsp;0.099&nbsp;for&nbsp;0.018&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;I</entry>
+            <entry>0.2125&nbsp;E'<subscript>R</subscript>
++&nbsp;0.7154&nbsp;E'<subscript>G</subscript>
++&nbsp;0.0721&nbsp;E'<subscript>B</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>219&nbsp;E'<subscript>Y</subscript>&nbsp;+&nbsp;16</entry>
+            <entry>224&nbsp;P<subscript>B,R</subscript>&nbsp;+&nbsp;128</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_COLORSPACE_BT878</constant></entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>Broken Bt878 extents<footnote>
+                <para>The ubiquitous Bt878 video capture chip
+quantizes E'<subscript>Y</subscript> to 238 levels, yielding a range
+of Y' = 16 &hellip; 253, unlike Rec. 601 Y' = 16 &hellip;
+235. This is not a typo in the Bt878 documentation, it has been
+implemented in silicon. The chroma extents are unclear.</para>
+              </footnote>, <xref linkend="itu601" /></entry>
+            <entry>?</entry>
+            <entry>?</entry>
+            <entry>?</entry>
+            <entry>?</entry>
+            <entry>?</entry>
+            <entry>0.299&nbsp;E'<subscript>R</subscript>
++&nbsp;0.587&nbsp;E'<subscript>G</subscript>
++&nbsp;0.114&nbsp;E'<subscript>B</subscript></entry>
+            <entry><emphasis>237</emphasis>&nbsp;E'<subscript>Y</subscript>&nbsp;+&nbsp;16</entry>
+            <entry>224&nbsp;P<subscript>B,R</subscript>&nbsp;+&nbsp;128 (probably)</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_COLORSPACE_470_SYSTEM_M</constant></entry>
+            <entry>5</entry>
+            <entry>M/NTSC<footnote>
+                <para>No identifier exists for M/PAL which uses
+the chromaticities of M/NTSC, the remaining parameters are equal to B and
+G/PAL.</para>
+              </footnote> according to <xref linkend="itu470" />, <xref
+                linkend="itu601" /></entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.67, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.33</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.21, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.71</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.14, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.08</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.310, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.316, Illuminant C</entry>
+            <entry>?</entry>
+            <entry>0.299&nbsp;E'<subscript>R</subscript>
++&nbsp;0.587&nbsp;E'<subscript>G</subscript>
++&nbsp;0.114&nbsp;E'<subscript>B</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>219&nbsp;E'<subscript>Y</subscript>&nbsp;+&nbsp;16</entry>
+            <entry>224&nbsp;P<subscript>B,R</subscript>&nbsp;+&nbsp;128</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_COLORSPACE_470_SYSTEM_BG</constant></entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>625-line PAL and SECAM systems according to <xref
+linkend="itu470" />, <xref linkend="itu601" /></entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.64, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.33</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.29, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.60</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.15, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.06</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.313, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.329,
+Illuminant D<subscript>65</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>?</entry>
+            <entry>0.299&nbsp;E'<subscript>R</subscript>
++&nbsp;0.587&nbsp;E'<subscript>G</subscript>
++&nbsp;0.114&nbsp;E'<subscript>B</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>219&nbsp;E'<subscript>Y</subscript>&nbsp;+&nbsp;16</entry>
+            <entry>224&nbsp;P<subscript>B,R</subscript>&nbsp;+&nbsp;128</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_COLORSPACE_JPEG</constant></entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>JPEG Y'CbCr, see <xref linkend="jfif" />, <xref linkend="itu601" /></entry>
+            <entry>?</entry>
+            <entry>?</entry>
+            <entry>?</entry>
+            <entry>?</entry>
+            <entry>?</entry>
+            <entry>0.299&nbsp;E'<subscript>R</subscript>
++&nbsp;0.587&nbsp;E'<subscript>G</subscript>
++&nbsp;0.114&nbsp;E'<subscript>B</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>256&nbsp;E'<subscript>Y</subscript>&nbsp;+&nbsp;16<footnote>
+                <para>Note JFIF quantizes
+Y'P<subscript>B</subscript>P<subscript>R</subscript> in range [0;+1] and
+[-0.5;+0.5] to <emphasis>257</emphasis> levels, however Y'CbCr signals
+are still clamped to [0;255].</para>
+              </footnote></entry>
+            <entry>256&nbsp;P<subscript>B,R</subscript>&nbsp;+&nbsp;128</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_COLORSPACE_SRGB</constant></entry>
+            <entry>8</entry>
+            <entry>[?]</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.640, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.330</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.300, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.600</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.150, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.060</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.3127, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.3290,
+            Illuminant D<subscript>65</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>E' = 4.5&nbsp;I&nbsp;for&nbsp;I&nbsp;&le;0.018,
+1.099&nbsp;I<superscript>0.45</superscript>&nbsp;-&nbsp;0.099&nbsp;for&nbsp;0.018&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;I</entry>
+            <entry spanname="spam">n/a</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="pixfmt-indexed">
+    <title>Indexed Format</title>
+
+    <para>In this format each pixel is represented by an 8 bit index
+into a 256 entry ARGB palette. It is intended for <link
+linkend="osd">Video Output Overlays</link> only. There are no ioctls to
+access the palette, this must be done with ioctls of the Linux framebuffer API.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="0" frame="none">
+      <title>Indexed Image Format</title>
+      <tgroup cols="37" align="center">
+        <colspec colname="id" align="left" />
+        <colspec colname="fourcc" />
+        <colspec colname="bit" />
+
+        <colspec colnum="4" colname="b07" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="5" colname="b06" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="6" colname="b05" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="7" colname="b04" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="8" colname="b03" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="9" colname="b02" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="10" colname="b01" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="11" colname="b00" align="center" />
+
+        <spanspec namest="b07" nameend="b00" spanname="b0" />
+        <spanspec namest="b17" nameend="b10" spanname="b1" />
+        <spanspec namest="b27" nameend="b20" spanname="b2" />
+        <spanspec namest="b37" nameend="b30" spanname="b3" />
+        <thead>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Identifier</entry>
+            <entry>Code</entry>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry spanname="b0">Byte&nbsp;0</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>Bit</entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>5</entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+          </row>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-PAL8">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_PAL8</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'PAL8'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>i<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>i<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>i<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>i<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>i<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>i<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>i<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>i<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="pixfmt-rgb">
+    <title>RGB Formats</title>
+
+    &sub-packed-rgb;
+    &sub-sbggr8;
+    &sub-sgbrg8;
+    &sub-sgrbg8;
+    &sub-sbggr16;
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="yuv-formats">
+    <title>YUV Formats</title>
+
+    <para>YUV is the format native to TV broadcast and composite video
+signals. It separates the brightness information (Y) from the color
+information (U and V or Cb and Cr). The color information consists of
+red and blue <emphasis>color difference</emphasis> signals, this way
+the green component can be reconstructed by subtracting from the
+brightness component. See <xref linkend="colorspaces" /> for conversion
+examples. YUV was chosen because early television would only transmit
+brightness information. To add color in a way compatible with existing
+receivers a new signal carrier was added to transmit the color
+difference signals. Secondary in the YUV format the U and V components
+usually have lower resolution than the Y component. This is an analog
+video compression technique taking advantage of a property of the
+human visual system, being more sensitive to brightness
+information.</para>
+
+    &sub-packed-yuv;
+    &sub-grey;
+    &sub-y16;
+    &sub-yuyv;
+    &sub-uyvy;
+    &sub-yvyu;
+    &sub-vyuy;
+    &sub-y41p;
+    &sub-yuv420;
+    &sub-yuv410;
+    &sub-yuv422p;
+    &sub-yuv411p;
+    &sub-nv12;
+    &sub-nv16;
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Compressed Formats</title>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="compressed-formats">
+      <title>Compressed Image Formats</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3" align="left">
+        &cs-def;
+        <thead>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Identifier</entry>
+            <entry>Code</entry>
+            <entry>Details</entry>
+          </row>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody valign="top">
+         <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-JPEG">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_JPEG</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'JPEG'</entry>
+            <entry>TBD. See also &VIDIOC-G-JPEGCOMP;,
+            &VIDIOC-S-JPEGCOMP;.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-MPEG">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_MPEG</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'MPEG'</entry>
+            <entry>MPEG stream. The actual format is determined by
+extended control <constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_TYPE</constant>, see
+<xref linkend="mpeg-control-id" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="pixfmt-reserved">
+    <title>Reserved Format Identifiers</title>
+
+    <para>These formats are not defined by this specification, they
+are just listed for reference and to avoid naming conflicts. If you
+want to register your own format, send an e-mail to the linux-media mailing
+list &v4l-ml; for inclusion in the <filename>videodev2.h</filename>
+file. If you want to share your format with other developers add a
+link to your documentation and send a copy to the linux-media mailing list
+for inclusion in this section. If you think your format should be listed
+in a standard format section please make a proposal on the linux-media mailing
+list.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="reserved-formats">
+      <title>Reserved Image Formats</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3" align="left">
+        &cs-def;
+        <thead>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Identifier</entry>
+            <entry>Code</entry>
+            <entry>Details</entry>
+          </row>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-DV">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_DV</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'dvsd'</entry>
+            <entry>unknown</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-ET61X251">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_ET61X251</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'E625'</entry>
+            <entry>Compressed format of the ET61X251 driver.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-HI240">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_HI240</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'HI24'</entry>
+            <entry><para>8 bit RGB format used by the BTTV driver.</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-HM12">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_HM12</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'HM12'</entry>
+            <entry><para>YUV 4:2:0 format used by the
+IVTV driver, <ulink url="http://www.ivtvdriver.org/">
+http://www.ivtvdriver.org/</ulink></para><para>The format is documented in the
+kernel sources in the file <filename>Documentation/video4linux/cx2341x/README.hm12</filename>
+</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SPCA501">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SPCA501</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'S501'</entry>
+            <entry>YUYV per line used by the gspca driver.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SPCA505">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SPCA505</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'S505'</entry>
+            <entry>YYUV per line used by the gspca driver.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SPCA508">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SPCA508</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'S508'</entry>
+            <entry>YUVY per line used by the gspca driver.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SPCA561">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SPCA561</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'S561'</entry>
+            <entry>Compressed GBRG Bayer format used by the gspca driver.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SGRBG10">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG10</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'DA10'</entry>
+            <entry>10 bit raw Bayer, expanded to 16 bits.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SGRBG10DPCM8">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG10DPCM8</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'DB10'</entry>
+            <entry>10 bit raw Bayer DPCM compressed to 8 bits.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-PAC207">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_PAC207</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'P207'</entry>
+            <entry>Compressed BGGR Bayer format used by the gspca driver.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-MR97310A">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_MR97310A</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'M310'</entry>
+            <entry>Compressed BGGR Bayer format used by the gspca driver.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-OV511">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_OV511</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'O511'</entry>
+            <entry>OV511 JPEG format used by the gspca driver.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-OV518">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_OV518</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'O518'</entry>
+            <entry>OV518 JPEG format used by the gspca driver.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-PJPG">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_PJPG</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'PJPG'</entry>
+            <entry>Pixart 73xx JPEG format used by the gspca driver.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SQ905C">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SQ905C</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'905C'</entry>
+            <entry>Compressed RGGB bayer format used by the gspca driver.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-MJPEG">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_MJPEG</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'MJPG'</entry>
+            <entry>Compressed format used by the Zoran driver</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-PWC1">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_PWC1</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'PWC1'</entry>
+            <entry>Compressed format of the PWC driver.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-PWC2">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_PWC2</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'PWC2'</entry>
+            <entry>Compressed format of the PWC driver.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SN9C10X">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SN9C10X</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'S910'</entry>
+            <entry>Compressed format of the SN9C102 driver.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SN9C20X-I420">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SN9C20X_I420</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'S920'</entry>
+            <entry>YUV 4:2:0 format of the gspca sn9c20x driver.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-WNVA">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_WNVA</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'WNVA'</entry>
+            <entry><para>Used by the Winnov Videum driver, <ulink
+url="http://www.thedirks.org/winnov/">
+http://www.thedirks.org/winnov/</ulink></para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-TM6000">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_TM6000</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'TM60'</entry>
+            <entry><para>Used by Trident tm6000</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YYUV">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YYUV</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'YYUV'</entry>
+            <entry>unknown</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </section>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/remote_controllers.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/remote_controllers.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..73f5eab091f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/remote_controllers.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+<title>Remote Controllers</title>
+<section id="Remote_controllers_Intro">
+<title>Introduction</title>
+
+<para>Currently, most analog and digital devices have a Infrared input for remote controllers. Each
+manufacturer has their own type of control. It is not rare for the same manufacturer to ship different
+types of controls, depending on the device.</para>
+<para>Unfortunately, for several years, there was no effort to create uniform IR keycodes for
+different devices.  This caused the same IR keyname to be mapped completely differently on
+different IR devices. This resulted that the same IR keyname to be mapped completely different on
+different IR's. Due to that, V4L2 API now specifies a standard for mapping Media keys on IR.</para>
+<para>This standard should be used by both V4L/DVB drivers and userspace applications</para>
+<para>The modules register the remote as keyboard within the linux input layer. This means that the IR key strokes will look like normal keyboard key strokes (if CONFIG_INPUT_KEYBOARD is enabled). Using the event devices (CONFIG_INPUT_EVDEV) it is possible for applications to access the remote via /dev/input/event devices.</para>
+
+<table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="rc_standard_keymap">
+<title>IR default keymapping</title>
+<tgroup cols="3">
+&cs-str;
+<tbody valign="top">
+<row>
+<entry>Key code</entry>
+<entry>Meaning</entry>
+<entry>Key examples on IR</entry>
+</row>
+
+<row><entry><emphasis role="bold">Numeric keys</emphasis></entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_0</constant></entry><entry>Keyboard digit 0</entry><entry>0</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_1</constant></entry><entry>Keyboard digit 1</entry><entry>1</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_2</constant></entry><entry>Keyboard digit 2</entry><entry>2</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_3</constant></entry><entry>Keyboard digit 3</entry><entry>3</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_4</constant></entry><entry>Keyboard digit 4</entry><entry>4</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_5</constant></entry><entry>Keyboard digit 5</entry><entry>5</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_6</constant></entry><entry>Keyboard digit 6</entry><entry>6</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_7</constant></entry><entry>Keyboard digit 7</entry><entry>7</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_8</constant></entry><entry>Keyboard digit 8</entry><entry>8</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_9</constant></entry><entry>Keyboard digit 9</entry><entry>9</entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><emphasis role="bold">Movie play control</emphasis></entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_FORWARD</constant></entry><entry>Instantly advance in time</entry><entry>&gt;&gt; / FORWARD</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_BACK</constant></entry><entry>Instantly go back in time</entry><entry>&lt;&lt;&lt; / BACK</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_FASTFORWARD</constant></entry><entry>Play movie faster</entry><entry>&gt;&gt;&gt; / FORWARD</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_REWIND</constant></entry><entry>Play movie back</entry><entry>REWIND / BACKWARD</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_NEXT</constant></entry><entry>Select next chapter / sub-chapter / interval</entry><entry>NEXT / SKIP</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_PREVIOUS</constant></entry><entry>Select previous chapter / sub-chapter / interval</entry><entry>&lt;&lt; /  PREV / PREVIOUS</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_AGAIN</constant></entry><entry>Repeat the video or a video interval</entry><entry>REPEAT / LOOP / RECALL</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_PAUSE</constant></entry><entry>Pause sroweam</entry><entry>PAUSE / FREEZE</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_PLAY</constant></entry><entry>Play movie at the normal timeshift</entry><entry>NORMAL TIMESHIFT / LIVE / &gt;</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_PLAYPAUSE</constant></entry><entry>Alternate between play and pause</entry><entry>PLAY / PAUSE</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_STOP</constant></entry><entry>Stop sroweam</entry><entry>STOP</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_RECORD</constant></entry><entry>Start/stop recording sroweam</entry><entry>CAPTURE / REC / RECORD/PAUSE</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_CAMERA</constant></entry><entry>Take a picture of the image</entry><entry>CAMERA ICON / CAPTURE / SNAPSHOT</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_SHUFFLE</constant></entry><entry>Enable shuffle mode</entry><entry>SHUFFLE</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_TIME</constant></entry><entry>Activate time shift mode</entry><entry>TIME SHIFT</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_TITLE</constant></entry><entry>Allow changing the chapter</entry><entry>CHAPTER</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_SUBTITLE</constant></entry><entry>Allow changing the subtitle</entry><entry>SUBTITLE</entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><emphasis role="bold">Image control</emphasis></entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_BRIGHTNESSDOWN</constant></entry><entry>Decrease Brightness</entry><entry>BRIGHTNESS DECREASE</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_BRIGHTNESSUP</constant></entry><entry>Increase Brightness</entry><entry>BRIGHTNESS INCREASE</entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_ANGLE</constant></entry><entry>Switch video camera angle (on videos with more than one angle stored)</entry><entry>ANGLE / SWAP</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_EPG</constant></entry><entry>Open the Elecrowonic Play Guide (EPG)</entry><entry>EPG / GUIDE</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_TEXT</constant></entry><entry>Activate/change closed caption mode</entry><entry>CLOSED CAPTION/TELETEXT / DVD TEXT / TELETEXT / TTX</entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><emphasis role="bold">Audio control</emphasis></entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_AUDIO</constant></entry><entry>Change audio source</entry><entry>AUDIO SOURCE / AUDIO / MUSIC</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_MUTE</constant></entry><entry>Mute/unmute audio</entry><entry>MUTE / DEMUTE / UNMUTE</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_VOLUMEDOWN</constant></entry><entry>Decrease volume</entry><entry>VOLUME- / VOLUME DOWN</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_VOLUMEUP</constant></entry><entry>Increase volume</entry><entry>VOLUME+ / VOLUME UP</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_MODE</constant></entry><entry>Change sound mode</entry><entry>MONO/STEREO</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_LANGUAGE</constant></entry><entry>Select Language</entry><entry>1ST / 2ND LANGUAGE / DVD LANG / MTS/SAP / MTS SEL</entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><emphasis role="bold">Channel control</emphasis></entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_CHANNEL</constant></entry><entry>Go to the next favorite channel</entry><entry>ALT / CHANNEL / CH SURFING / SURF / FAV</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_CHANNELDOWN</constant></entry><entry>Decrease channel sequencially</entry><entry>CHANNEL - / CHANNEL DOWN / DOWN</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_CHANNELUP</constant></entry><entry>Increase channel sequencially</entry><entry>CHANNEL + / CHANNEL UP / UP</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_DIGITS</constant></entry><entry>Use more than one digit for channel</entry><entry>PLUS / 100/ 1xx / xxx /  -/--  / Single Double Triple Digit</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_SEARCH</constant></entry><entry>Start channel autoscan</entry><entry>SCAN / AUTOSCAN</entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><emphasis role="bold">Colored keys</emphasis></entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_BLUE</constant></entry><entry>IR Blue key</entry><entry>BLUE</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_GREEN</constant></entry><entry>IR Green Key</entry><entry>GREEN</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_RED</constant></entry><entry>IR Red key</entry><entry>RED</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_YELLOW</constant></entry><entry>IR Yellow key</entry><entry> YELLOW</entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><emphasis role="bold">Media selection</emphasis></entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_CD</constant></entry><entry>Change input source to Compact Disc</entry><entry>CD</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_DVD</constant></entry><entry>Change input to DVD</entry><entry>DVD / DVD MENU</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_EJECTCLOSECD</constant></entry><entry>Open/close the CD/DVD player</entry><entry>-&gt; ) / CLOSE / OPEN</entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_MEDIA</constant></entry><entry>Turn on/off Media application</entry><entry>PC/TV /  TURN ON/OFF APP</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_PC</constant></entry><entry>Selects from TV to PC</entry><entry>PC</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_RADIO</constant></entry><entry>Put into AM/FM radio mode</entry><entry>RADIO / TV/FM / TV/RADIO / FM / FM/RADIO</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_TV</constant></entry><entry>Select tv mode</entry><entry>TV / LIVE TV</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_TV2</constant></entry><entry>Select Cable mode</entry><entry>AIR/CBL</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_VCR</constant></entry><entry>Select VCR mode</entry><entry>VCR MODE / DTR</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_VIDEO</constant></entry><entry>Alternate between input modes</entry><entry>SOURCE / SELECT / DISPLAY / SWITCH INPUTS / VIDEO</entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><emphasis role="bold">Power control</emphasis></entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_POWER</constant></entry><entry>Turn on/off computer</entry><entry>SYSTEM POWER / COMPUTER POWER</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_POWER2</constant></entry><entry>Turn on/off application</entry><entry>TV ON/OFF / POWER</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_SLEEP</constant></entry><entry>Activate sleep timer</entry><entry>SLEEP / SLEEP TIMER</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_SUSPEND</constant></entry><entry>Put computer into suspend mode</entry><entry>STANDBY / SUSPEND</entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><emphasis role="bold">Window control</emphasis></entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_CLEAR</constant></entry><entry>Stop sroweam and return to default input video/audio</entry><entry>CLEAR / RESET / BOSS KEY</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_CYCLEWINDOWS</constant></entry><entry>Minimize windows and move to the next one</entry><entry>ALT-TAB / MINIMIZE / DESKTOP</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_FAVORITES</constant></entry><entry>Open the favorites sroweam window</entry><entry>TV WALL / Favorites</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_MENU</constant></entry><entry>Call application menu</entry><entry>2ND CONTROLS (USA: MENU) / DVD/MENU / SHOW/HIDE CTRL</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_NEW</constant></entry><entry>Open/Close Picture in Picture</entry><entry>PIP</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_OK</constant></entry><entry>Send a confirmation code to application</entry><entry>OK / ENTER / RETURN</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_SCREEN</constant></entry><entry>Select screen aspect ratio</entry><entry>4:3 16:9 SELECT</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_ZOOM</constant></entry><entry>Put device into zoom/full screen mode</entry><entry>ZOOM / FULL SCREEN / ZOOM+ / HIDE PANNEL / SWITCH</entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><emphasis role="bold">Navigation keys</emphasis></entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_ESC</constant></entry><entry>Cancel current operation</entry><entry>CANCEL / BACK</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_HELP</constant></entry><entry>Open a Help window</entry><entry>HELP</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_HOMEPAGE</constant></entry><entry>Navigate to Homepage</entry><entry>HOME</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_INFO</constant></entry><entry>Open On Screen Display</entry><entry>DISPLAY INFORMATION / OSD</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_WWW</constant></entry><entry>Open the default browser</entry><entry>WEB</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_UP</constant></entry><entry>Up key</entry><entry>UP</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_DOWN</constant></entry><entry>Down key</entry><entry>DOWN</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_LEFT</constant></entry><entry>Left key</entry><entry>LEFT</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_RIGHT</constant></entry><entry>Right key</entry><entry>RIGHT</entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><emphasis role="bold">Miscelaneous keys</emphasis></entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_DOT</constant></entry><entry>Return a dot</entry><entry>.</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_FN</constant></entry><entry>Select a function</entry><entry>FUNCTION</entry></row>
+
+</tbody>
+</tgroup>
+</table>
+
+<para>It should be noticed that, sometimes, there some fundamental missing keys at some cheaper IR's. Due to that, it is recommended to:</para>
+
+<table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="rc_keymap_notes">
+<title>Notes</title>
+<tgroup cols="1">
+&cs-str;
+<tbody valign="top">
+<row>
+<entry>On simpler IR's, without separate channel keys, you need to map UP as <constant>KEY_CHANNELUP</constant></entry>
+</row><row>
+<entry>On simpler IR's, without separate channel keys, you need to map DOWN as <constant>KEY_CHANNELDOWN</constant></entry>
+</row><row>
+<entry>On simpler IR's, without separate volume keys, you need to map LEFT as <constant>KEY_VOLUMEDOWN</constant></entry>
+</row><row>
+<entry>On simpler IR's, without separate volume keys, you need to map RIGHT as <constant>KEY_VOLUMEUP</constant></entry>
+</row>
+</tbody>
+</tgroup>
+</table>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="Remote_controllers_table_change">
+<title>Changing default Remote Controller mappings</title>
+<para>The event interface provides two ioctls to be used against
+the /dev/input/event device, to allow changing the default
+keymapping.</para>
+
+<para>This program demonstrates how to replace the keymap tables.</para>
+&sub-keytable-c;
+</section>
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/v4l2.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/v4l2.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..937b4157a5d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/v4l2.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,479 @@
+ <partinfo>
+    <authorgroup>
+      <author>
+        <firstname>Michael</firstname>
+        <surname>Schimek</surname>
+        <othername role="mi">H</othername>
+        <affiliation>
+          <address>
+            <email>mschimek@gmx.at</email>
+          </address>
+        </affiliation>
+      </author>
+
+      <author>
+        <firstname>Bill</firstname>
+        <surname>Dirks</surname>
+        <!-- Commented until Bill opts in to be spammed.
+        <affiliation>
+          <address>
+            <email>bill@thedirks.org</email>
+          </address>
+        </affiliation> -->
+        <contrib>Original author of the V4L2 API and
+documentation.</contrib>
+      </author>
+
+      <author>
+        <firstname>Hans</firstname>
+        <surname>Verkuil</surname>
+        <contrib>Designed and documented the VIDIOC_LOG_STATUS ioctl,
+the extended control ioctls and major parts of the sliced VBI
+API.</contrib>
+        <affiliation>
+          <address>
+            <email>hverkuil@xs4all.nl</email>
+          </address>
+        </affiliation>
+      </author>
+
+      <author>
+        <firstname>Martin</firstname>
+        <surname>Rubli</surname>
+        <!--
+        <affiliation>
+          <address>
+            <email>martin_rubli@logitech.com</email>
+          </address>
+        </affiliation> -->
+        <contrib>Designed and documented the VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMESIZES
+and VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMEINTERVALS ioctls.</contrib>
+      </author>
+
+      <author>
+        <firstname>Andy</firstname>
+        <surname>Walls</surname>
+        <contrib>Documented the fielded V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_VBI_FMT_IVTV
+MPEG stream embedded, sliced VBI data format in this specification.
+</contrib>
+        <affiliation>
+          <address>
+            <email>awalls@radix.net</email>
+          </address>
+        </affiliation>
+      </author>
+
+      <author>
+        <firstname>Mauro</firstname>
+        <surname>Carvalho Chehab</surname>
+        <contrib>Documented libv4l, designed and added v4l2grab example,
+Remote Controller chapter.</contrib>
+        <affiliation>
+          <address>
+            <email>mchehab@redhat.com</email>
+          </address>
+        </affiliation>
+      </author>
+    </authorgroup>
+
+    <copyright>
+      <year>1999</year>
+      <year>2000</year>
+      <year>2001</year>
+      <year>2002</year>
+      <year>2003</year>
+      <year>2004</year>
+      <year>2005</year>
+      <year>2006</year>
+      <year>2007</year>
+      <year>2008</year>
+      <year>2009</year>
+      <holder>Bill Dirks, Michael H. Schimek, Hans Verkuil, Martin
+Rubli, Andy Walls, Mauro Carvalho Chehab</holder>
+    </copyright>
+    <legalnotice>
+    <para>Except when explicitly stated as GPL, programming examples within
+            this part can be used and distributed without restrictions.</para>
+    </legalnotice>
+    <revhistory>
+      <!-- Put document revisions here, newest first. -->
+      <!-- API revisions (changes and additions of defines, enums,
+structs, ioctls) must be noted in more detail in the history chapter
+(compat.sgml), along with the possible impact on existing drivers and
+applications. -->
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>2.6.32</revnumber>
+        <date>2009-08-31</date>
+        <authorinitials>mcc</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Now, revisions will match the kernel version where
+the V4L2 API changes will be used by the Linux Kernel.
+Also added Remote Controller chapter.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.29</revnumber>
+        <date>2009-08-26</date>
+        <authorinitials>ev</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Added documentation for string controls and for FM Transmitter controls.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.28</revnumber>
+        <date>2009-08-26</date>
+        <authorinitials>gl</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Added V4L2_CID_BAND_STOP_FILTER documentation.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.27</revnumber>
+        <date>2009-08-15</date>
+        <authorinitials>mcc</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Added libv4l and Remote Controller documentation;
+added v4l2grab and keytable application examples.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.26</revnumber>
+        <date>2009-07-23</date>
+        <authorinitials>hv</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Finalized the RDS capture API. Added modulator and RDS encoder
+capabilities. Added support for string controls.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.25</revnumber>
+        <date>2009-01-18</date>
+        <authorinitials>hv</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Added pixel formats VYUY, NV16 and NV61, and changed
+the debug ioctls VIDIOC_DBG_G/S_REGISTER and VIDIOC_DBG_G_CHIP_IDENT.
+Added camera controls V4L2_CID_ZOOM_ABSOLUTE, V4L2_CID_ZOOM_RELATIVE,
+V4L2_CID_ZOOM_CONTINUOUS and V4L2_CID_PRIVACY.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.24</revnumber>
+        <date>2008-03-04</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Added pixel formats Y16 and SBGGR16, new controls
+and a camera controls class. Removed VIDIOC_G/S_MPEGCOMP.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.23</revnumber>
+        <date>2007-08-30</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Fixed a typo in VIDIOC_DBG_G/S_REGISTER.
+Clarified the byte order of packed pixel formats.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.22</revnumber>
+        <date>2007-08-29</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Added the Video Output Overlay interface, new MPEG
+controls, V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED_TB and V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED_BT,
+VIDIOC_DBG_G/S_REGISTER, VIDIOC_(TRY_)ENCODER_CMD,
+VIDIOC_G_CHIP_IDENT, VIDIOC_G_ENC_INDEX, new pixel formats.
+Clarifications in the cropping chapter, about RGB pixel formats, the
+mmap(), poll(), select(), read() and write() functions. Typographical
+fixes.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.21</revnumber>
+        <date>2006-12-19</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Fixed a link in the VIDIOC_G_EXT_CTRLS section.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.20</revnumber>
+        <date>2006-11-24</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Clarified the purpose of the audioset field in
+struct v4l2_input and v4l2_output.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.19</revnumber>
+        <date>2006-10-19</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Documented V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB444.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.18</revnumber>
+        <date>2006-10-18</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Added the description of extended controls by Hans
+Verkuil. Linked V4L2_PIX_FMT_MPEG to V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_TYPE.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.17</revnumber>
+        <date>2006-10-12</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Corrected V4L2_PIX_FMT_HM12 description.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.16</revnumber>
+        <date>2006-10-08</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMESIZES and
+VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMEINTERVALS are now part of the API.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.15</revnumber>
+        <date>2006-09-23</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Cleaned up the bibliography, added BT.653 and
+BT.1119. capture.c/start_capturing() for user pointer I/O did not
+initialize the buffer index. Documented the V4L MPEG and MJPEG
+VID_TYPEs and V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR8. Updated the list of reserved pixel
+formats. See the history chapter for API changes.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.14</revnumber>
+        <date>2006-09-14</date>
+        <authorinitials>mr</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Added VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMESIZES and
+VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMEINTERVALS proposal for frame format enumeration of
+digital devices.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.13</revnumber>
+        <date>2006-04-07</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Corrected the description of struct v4l2_window
+clips. New V4L2_STD_ and V4L2_TUNER_MODE_LANG1_LANG2
+defines.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.12</revnumber>
+        <date>2006-02-03</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Corrected the description of struct
+v4l2_captureparm and v4l2_outputparm.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.11</revnumber>
+        <date>2006-01-27</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Improved the description of struct
+v4l2_tuner.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.10</revnumber>
+        <date>2006-01-10</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>VIDIOC_G_INPUT and VIDIOC_S_PARM
+clarifications.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.9</revnumber>
+        <date>2005-11-27</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Improved the 525 line numbering diagram. Hans
+Verkuil and I rewrote the sliced VBI section. He also contributed a
+VIDIOC_LOG_STATUS page. Fixed VIDIOC_S_STD call in the video standard
+selection example. Various updates.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.8</revnumber>
+        <date>2004-10-04</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Somehow a piece of junk slipped into the capture
+example, removed.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.7</revnumber>
+        <date>2004-09-19</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Fixed video standard selection, control
+enumeration, downscaling and aspect example. Added read and user
+pointer i/o to video capture example.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.6</revnumber>
+        <date>2004-08-01</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>v4l2_buffer changes, added video capture example,
+various corrections.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.5</revnumber>
+        <date>2003-11-05</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Pixel format erratum.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.4</revnumber>
+        <date>2003-09-17</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Corrected source and Makefile to generate a PDF.
+SGML fixes. Added latest API changes. Closed gaps in the history
+chapter.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.3</revnumber>
+        <date>2003-02-05</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Another draft, more corrections.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.2</revnumber>
+        <date>2003-01-15</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Second draft, with corrections pointed out by Gerd
+Knorr.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.1</revnumber>
+        <date>2002-12-01</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>First draft, based on documentation by Bill Dirks
+and discussions on the V4L mailing list.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+    </revhistory>
+</partinfo>
+
+<title>Video for Linux Two API Specification</title>
+ <subtitle>Revision 2.6.32</subtitle>
+
+  <chapter id="common">
+    &sub-common;
+  </chapter>
+
+  <chapter id="pixfmt">
+    &sub-pixfmt;
+  </chapter>
+
+  <chapter id="io">
+    &sub-io;
+  </chapter>
+
+  <chapter id="devices">
+    <title>Interfaces</title>
+
+    <section id="capture"> &sub-dev-capture; </section>
+    <section id="overlay"> &sub-dev-overlay; </section>
+    <section id="output"> &sub-dev-output; </section>
+    <section id="osd"> &sub-dev-osd; </section>
+    <section id="codec"> &sub-dev-codec; </section>
+    <section id="effect"> &sub-dev-effect; </section>
+    <section id="raw-vbi"> &sub-dev-raw-vbi; </section>
+    <section id="sliced"> &sub-dev-sliced-vbi; </section>
+    <section id="ttx"> &sub-dev-teletext; </section>
+    <section id="radio"> &sub-dev-radio; </section>
+    <section id="rds"> &sub-dev-rds; </section>
+  </chapter>
+
+  <chapter id="driver">
+          &sub-driver;
+  </chapter>
+
+  <chapter id="libv4l">
+          &sub-libv4l;
+  </chapter>
+
+  <chapter id="compat">
+          &sub-compat;
+  </chapter>
+
+  <appendix id="user-func">
+  <title>Function Reference</title>
+
+    <!-- Keep this alphabetically sorted. -->
+
+    &sub-close;
+    &sub-ioctl;
+    <!-- All ioctls go here. -->
+    &sub-cropcap;
+    &sub-dbg-g-chip-ident;
+    &sub-dbg-g-register;
+    &sub-encoder-cmd;
+    &sub-enumaudio;
+    &sub-enumaudioout;
+    &sub-enum-fmt;
+    &sub-enum-framesizes;
+    &sub-enum-frameintervals;
+    &sub-enuminput;
+    &sub-enumoutput;
+    &sub-enumstd;
+    &sub-g-audio;
+    &sub-g-audioout;
+    &sub-g-crop;
+    &sub-g-ctrl;
+    &sub-g-enc-index;
+    &sub-g-ext-ctrls;
+    &sub-g-fbuf;
+    &sub-g-fmt;
+    &sub-g-frequency;
+    &sub-g-input;
+    &sub-g-jpegcomp;
+    &sub-g-modulator;
+    &sub-g-output;
+    &sub-g-parm;
+    &sub-g-priority;
+    &sub-g-sliced-vbi-cap;
+    &sub-g-std;
+    &sub-g-tuner;
+    &sub-log-status;
+    &sub-overlay;
+    &sub-qbuf;
+    &sub-querybuf;
+    &sub-querycap;
+    &sub-queryctrl;
+    &sub-querystd;
+    &sub-reqbufs;
+    &sub-s-hw-freq-seek;
+    &sub-streamon;
+    <!-- End of ioctls. -->
+    &sub-mmap;
+    &sub-munmap;
+    &sub-open;
+    &sub-poll;
+    &sub-read;
+    &sub-select;
+    &sub-write;
+  </appendix>
+
+  <appendix id="videodev">
+    <title>Video For Linux Two Header File</title>
+    &sub-videodev2-h;
+  </appendix>
+
+  <appendix id="capture-example">
+    <title>Video Capture Example</title>
+    &sub-capture-c;
+  </appendix>
+
+  <appendix id="v4l2grab-example">
+    <title>Video Grabber example using libv4l</title>
+    <para>This program demonstrates how to grab V4L2 images in ppm format by
+using libv4l handlers. The advantage is that this grabber can potentially work
+with any V4L2 driver.</para>
+    &sub-v4l2grab-c;
+  </appendix>
+
+  &sub-media-indices;
+
+  &sub-biblio;
+
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/v4l2grab.c.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/v4l2grab.c.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..bed12e40be27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/v4l2grab.c.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+<programlisting>
+/* V4L2 video picture grabber
+   Copyright (C) 2009 Mauro Carvalho Chehab &lt;mchehab@infradead.org&gt;
+
+   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation version 2 of the License.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+ */
+
+#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;
+#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;
+#include &lt;string.h&gt;
+#include &lt;fcntl.h&gt;
+#include &lt;errno.h&gt;
+#include &lt;sys/ioctl.h&gt;
+#include &lt;sys/types.h&gt;
+#include &lt;sys/time.h&gt;
+#include &lt;sys/mman.h&gt;
+#include &lt;linux/videodev2.h&gt;
+#include "../libv4l/include/libv4l2.h"
+
+#define CLEAR(x) memset(&amp;(x), 0, sizeof(x))
+
+struct buffer {
+        void   *start;
+        size_t length;
+};
+
+static void xioctl(int fh, int request, void *arg)
+{
+        int r;
+
+        do {
+                r = v4l2_ioctl(fh, request, arg);
+        } while (r == -1 &amp;&amp; ((errno == EINTR) || (errno == EAGAIN)));
+
+        if (r == -1) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "error %d, %s\n", errno, strerror(errno));
+                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-format">v4l2_format</link>              fmt;
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-buffer">v4l2_buffer</link>              buf;
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-requestbuffers">v4l2_requestbuffers</link>      req;
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-buf-type">v4l2_buf_type</link>              type;
+        fd_set                          fds;
+        struct timeval                  tv;
+        int                             r, fd = -1;
+        unsigned int                    i, n_buffers;
+        char                            *dev_name = "/dev/video0";
+        char                            out_name[256];
+        FILE                            *fout;
+        struct buffer                   *buffers;
+
+        fd = v4l2_open(dev_name, O_RDWR | O_NONBLOCK, 0);
+        if (fd &lt; 0) {
+                perror("Cannot open device");
+                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+
+        CLEAR(fmt);
+        fmt.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+        fmt.fmt.pix.width       = 640;
+        fmt.fmt.pix.height      = 480;
+        fmt.fmt.pix.pixelformat = V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB24;
+        fmt.fmt.pix.field       = V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED;
+        xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_S_FMT, &amp;fmt);
+        if (fmt.fmt.pix.pixelformat != V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB24) {
+                printf("Libv4l didn't accept RGB24 format. Can't proceed.\n");
+                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+        if ((fmt.fmt.pix.width != 640) || (fmt.fmt.pix.height != 480))
+                printf("Warning: driver is sending image at %dx%d\n",
+                        fmt.fmt.pix.width, fmt.fmt.pix.height);
+
+        CLEAR(req);
+        req.count = 2;
+        req.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+        req.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
+        xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_REQBUFS, &amp;req);
+
+        buffers = calloc(req.count, sizeof(*buffers));
+        for (n_buffers = 0; n_buffers &lt; req.count; ++n_buffers) {
+                CLEAR(buf);
+
+                buf.type        = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+                buf.memory      = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
+                buf.index       = n_buffers;
+
+                xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_QUERYBUF, &amp;buf);
+
+                buffers[n_buffers].length = buf.length;
+                buffers[n_buffers].start = v4l2_mmap(NULL, buf.length,
+                              PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED,
+                              fd, buf.m.offset);
+
+                if (MAP_FAILED == buffers[n_buffers].start) {
+                        perror("mmap");
+                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+                }
+        }
+
+        for (i = 0; i &lt; n_buffers; ++i) {
+                CLEAR(buf);
+                buf.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+                buf.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
+                buf.index = i;
+                xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_QBUF, &amp;buf);
+        }
+        type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+
+        xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_STREAMON, &amp;type);
+        for (i = 0; i &lt; 20; i++) {
+                do {
+                        FD_ZERO(&amp;fds);
+                        FD_SET(fd, &amp;fds);
+
+                        /* Timeout. */
+                        tv.tv_sec = 2;
+                        tv.tv_usec = 0;
+
+                        r = select(fd + 1, &amp;fds, NULL, NULL, &amp;tv);
+                } while ((r == -1 &amp;&amp; (errno = EINTR)));
+                if (r == -1) {
+                        perror("select");
+                        return errno;
+                }
+
+                CLEAR(buf);
+                buf.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+                buf.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
+                xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_DQBUF, &amp;buf);
+
+                sprintf(out_name, "out%03d.ppm", i);
+                fout = fopen(out_name, "w");
+                if (!fout) {
+                        perror("Cannot open image");
+                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+                }
+                fprintf(fout, "P6\n%d %d 255\n",
+                        fmt.fmt.pix.width, fmt.fmt.pix.height);
+                fwrite(buffers[buf.index].start, buf.bytesused, 1, fout);
+                fclose(fout);
+
+                xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_QBUF, &amp;buf);
+        }
+
+        type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+        xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_STREAMOFF, &amp;type);
+        for (i = 0; i &lt; n_buffers; ++i)
+                v4l2_munmap(buffers[i].start, buffers[i].length);
+        v4l2_close(fd);
+
+        return 0;
+}
+</programlisting>
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_525.gif b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_525.gif
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..5580b690d504
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_525.gif
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_525.pdf b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_525.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..9e72c25b208d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_525.pdf
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_625.gif b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_625.gif
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..34e3251983c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_625.gif
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_625.pdf b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_625.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..765235e33a4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_625.pdf
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_hsync.gif b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_hsync.gif
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b02434d3b356
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_hsync.gif
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_hsync.pdf b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_hsync.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..200b668189bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_hsync.pdf
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/videodev2.h.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/videodev2.h.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..97002060ac4f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/videodev2.h.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,1640 @@
+<programlisting>
+/*
+ *  Video for Linux Two header file
+ *
+ *  Copyright (C) 1999-2007 the contributors
+ *
+ *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ *  (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *  GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *  Alternatively you can redistribute this file under the terms of the
+ *  BSD license as stated below:
+ *
+ *  Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ *  modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ *  are met:
+ *  1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *  2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
+ *     the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+ *     distribution.
+ *  3. The names of its contributors may not be used to endorse or promote
+ *     products derived from this software without specific prior written
+ *     permission.
+ *
+ *  THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ *  "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ *  LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+ *  A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+ *  OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+ *  SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
+ *  TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
+ *  PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
+ *  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
+ *  NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
+ *  SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ *      Header file for v4l or V4L2 drivers and applications
+ * with public API.
+ * All kernel-specific stuff were moved to media/v4l2-dev.h, so
+ * no #if __KERNEL tests are allowed here
+ *
+ *      See http://linuxtv.org for more info
+ *
+ *      Author: Bill Dirks &lt;bill@thedirks.org&gt;
+ *              Justin Schoeman
+ *              Hans Verkuil &lt;hverkuil@xs4all.nl&gt;
+ *              et al.
+ */
+#ifndef __LINUX_VIDEODEV2_H
+#define __LINUX_VIDEODEV2_H
+
+#ifdef __KERNEL__
+#include &lt;linux/time.h&gt;     /* need struct timeval */
+#else
+#include &lt;sys/time.h&gt;
+#endif
+#include &lt;linux/compiler.h&gt;
+#include &lt;linux/ioctl.h&gt;
+#include &lt;linux/types.h&gt;
+
+/*
+ * Common stuff for both V4L1 and V4L2
+ * Moved from videodev.h
+ */
+#define VIDEO_MAX_FRAME               32
+
+#ifndef __KERNEL__
+
+/* These defines are V4L1 specific and should not be used with the V4L2 API!
+   They will be removed from this header in the future. */
+
+#define VID_TYPE_CAPTURE        1       /* Can capture */
+#define VID_TYPE_TUNER          2       /* Can tune */
+#define VID_TYPE_TELETEXT       4       /* Does teletext */
+#define VID_TYPE_OVERLAY        8       /* Overlay onto frame buffer */
+#define VID_TYPE_CHROMAKEY      16      /* Overlay by chromakey */
+#define VID_TYPE_CLIPPING       32      /* Can clip */
+#define VID_TYPE_FRAMERAM       64      /* Uses the frame buffer memory */
+#define VID_TYPE_SCALES         128     /* Scalable */
+#define VID_TYPE_MONOCHROME     256     /* Monochrome only */
+#define VID_TYPE_SUBCAPTURE     512     /* Can capture subareas of the image */
+#define VID_TYPE_MPEG_DECODER   1024    /* Can decode MPEG streams */
+#define VID_TYPE_MPEG_ENCODER   2048    /* Can encode MPEG streams */
+#define VID_TYPE_MJPEG_DECODER  4096    /* Can decode MJPEG streams */
+#define VID_TYPE_MJPEG_ENCODER  8192    /* Can encode MJPEG streams */
+#endif
+
+/*
+ *      M I S C E L L A N E O U S
+ */
+
+/*  Four-character-code (FOURCC) */
+#define v4l2_fourcc(a, b, c, d)\
+        ((__u32)(a) | ((__u32)(b) &lt;&lt; 8) | ((__u32)(c) &lt;&lt; 16) | ((__u32)(d) &lt;&lt; 24))
+
+/*
+ *      E N U M S
+ */
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-field">v4l2_field</link> {
+        V4L2_FIELD_ANY           = 0, /* driver can choose from none,
+                                         top, bottom, interlaced
+                                         depending on whatever it thinks
+                                         is approximate ... */
+        V4L2_FIELD_NONE          = 1, /* this device has no fields ... */
+        V4L2_FIELD_TOP           = 2, /* top field only */
+        V4L2_FIELD_BOTTOM        = 3, /* bottom field only */
+        V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED    = 4, /* both fields interlaced */
+        V4L2_FIELD_SEQ_TB        = 5, /* both fields sequential into one
+                                         buffer, top-bottom order */
+        V4L2_FIELD_SEQ_BT        = 6, /* same as above + bottom-top order */
+        V4L2_FIELD_ALTERNATE     = 7, /* both fields alternating into
+                                         separate buffers */
+        V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED_TB = 8, /* both fields interlaced, top field
+                                         first and the top field is
+                                         transmitted first */
+        V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED_BT = 9, /* both fields interlaced, top field
+                                         first and the bottom field is
+                                         transmitted first */
+};
+#define V4L2_FIELD_HAS_TOP(field)       \
+        ((field) == V4L2_FIELD_TOP      ||\
+         (field) == V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED ||\
+         (field) == V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED_TB ||\
+         (field) == V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED_BT ||\
+         (field) == V4L2_FIELD_SEQ_TB   ||\
+         (field) == V4L2_FIELD_SEQ_BT)
+#define V4L2_FIELD_HAS_BOTTOM(field)    \
+        ((field) == V4L2_FIELD_BOTTOM   ||\
+         (field) == V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED ||\
+         (field) == V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED_TB ||\
+         (field) == V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED_BT ||\
+         (field) == V4L2_FIELD_SEQ_TB   ||\
+         (field) == V4L2_FIELD_SEQ_BT)
+#define V4L2_FIELD_HAS_BOTH(field)      \
+        ((field) == V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED ||\
+         (field) == V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED_TB ||\
+         (field) == V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED_BT ||\
+         (field) == V4L2_FIELD_SEQ_TB ||\
+         (field) == V4L2_FIELD_SEQ_BT)
+
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-buf-type">v4l2_buf_type</link> {
+        V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE        = 1,
+        V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT         = 2,
+        V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OVERLAY        = 3,
+        V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_CAPTURE          = 4,
+        V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_OUTPUT           = 5,
+        V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_CAPTURE   = 6,
+        V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_OUTPUT    = 7,
+#if 1 /*KEEP*/
+        /* Experimental */
+        V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT_OVERLAY = 8,
+#endif
+        V4L2_BUF_TYPE_PRIVATE              = 0x80,
+};
+
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-ctrl-type">v4l2_ctrl_type</link> {
+        V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_INTEGER       = 1,
+        V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_BOOLEAN       = 2,
+        V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_MENU          = 3,
+        V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_BUTTON        = 4,
+        V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_INTEGER64     = 5,
+        V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_CTRL_CLASS    = 6,
+        V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_STRING        = 7,
+};
+
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-tuner-type">v4l2_tuner_type</link> {
+        V4L2_TUNER_RADIO             = 1,
+        V4L2_TUNER_ANALOG_TV         = 2,
+        V4L2_TUNER_DIGITAL_TV        = 3,
+};
+
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-memory">v4l2_memory</link> {
+        V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP             = 1,
+        V4L2_MEMORY_USERPTR          = 2,
+        V4L2_MEMORY_OVERLAY          = 3,
+};
+
+/* see also http://vektor.theorem.ca/graphics/ycbcr/ */
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-colorspace">v4l2_colorspace</link> {
+        /* ITU-R 601 -- broadcast NTSC/PAL */
+        V4L2_COLORSPACE_SMPTE170M     = 1,
+
+        /* 1125-Line (US) HDTV */
+        V4L2_COLORSPACE_SMPTE240M     = 2,
+
+        /* HD and modern captures. */
+        V4L2_COLORSPACE_REC709        = 3,
+
+        /* broken BT878 extents (601, luma range 16-253 instead of 16-235) */
+        V4L2_COLORSPACE_BT878         = 4,
+
+        /* These should be useful.  Assume 601 extents. */
+        V4L2_COLORSPACE_470_SYSTEM_M  = 5,
+        V4L2_COLORSPACE_470_SYSTEM_BG = 6,
+
+        /* I know there will be cameras that send this.  So, this is
+         * unspecified chromaticities and full 0-255 on each of the
+         * Y'CbCr components
+         */
+        V4L2_COLORSPACE_JPEG          = 7,
+
+        /* For RGB colourspaces, this is probably a good start. */
+        V4L2_COLORSPACE_SRGB          = 8,
+};
+
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-priority">v4l2_priority</link> {
+        V4L2_PRIORITY_UNSET       = 0,  /* not initialized */
+        V4L2_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND  = 1,
+        V4L2_PRIORITY_INTERACTIVE = 2,
+        V4L2_PRIORITY_RECORD      = 3,
+        V4L2_PRIORITY_DEFAULT     = V4L2_PRIORITY_INTERACTIVE,
+};
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-rect">v4l2_rect</link> {
+        __s32   left;
+        __s32   top;
+        __s32   width;
+        __s32   height;
+};
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-fract">v4l2_fract</link> {
+        __u32   numerator;
+        __u32   denominator;
+};
+
+/*
+ *      D R I V E R   C A P A B I L I T I E S
+ */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-capability">v4l2_capability</link> {
+        __u8    driver[16];     /* i.e.ie; "bttv" */
+        __u8    card[32];       /* i.e.ie; "Hauppauge WinTV" */
+        __u8    bus_info[32];   /* "PCI:" + pci_name(pci_dev) */
+        __u32   version;        /* should use KERNEL_VERSION() */
+        __u32   capabilities;   /* Device capabilities */
+        __u32   reserved[4];
+};
+
+/* Values for 'capabilities' field */
+#define V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_CAPTURE          0x00000001  /* Is a video capture device */
+#define V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OUTPUT           0x00000002  /* Is a video output device */
+#define V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OVERLAY          0x00000004  /* Can do video overlay */
+#define V4L2_CAP_VBI_CAPTURE            0x00000010  /* Is a raw VBI capture device */
+#define V4L2_CAP_VBI_OUTPUT             0x00000020  /* Is a raw VBI output device */
+#define V4L2_CAP_SLICED_VBI_CAPTURE     0x00000040  /* Is a sliced VBI capture device */
+#define V4L2_CAP_SLICED_VBI_OUTPUT      0x00000080  /* Is a sliced VBI output device */
+#define V4L2_CAP_RDS_CAPTURE            0x00000100  /* RDS data capture */
+#define V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OUTPUT_OVERLAY   0x00000200  /* Can do video output overlay */
+#define V4L2_CAP_HW_FREQ_SEEK           0x00000400  /* Can do hardware frequency seek  */
+#define V4L2_CAP_RDS_OUTPUT             0x00000800  /* Is an RDS encoder */
+
+#define V4L2_CAP_TUNER                  0x00010000  /* has a tuner */
+#define V4L2_CAP_AUDIO                  0x00020000  /* has audio support */
+#define V4L2_CAP_RADIO                  0x00040000  /* is a radio device */
+#define V4L2_CAP_MODULATOR              0x00080000  /* has a modulator */
+
+#define V4L2_CAP_READWRITE              0x01000000  /* read/write systemcalls */
+#define V4L2_CAP_ASYNCIO                0x02000000  /* async I/O */
+#define V4L2_CAP_STREAMING              0x04000000  /* streaming I/O ioctls */
+
+/*
+ *      V I D E O   I M A G E   F O R M A T
+ */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-pix-format">v4l2_pix_format</link> {
+        __u32                   width;
+        __u32                   height;
+        __u32                   pixelformat;
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-field">v4l2_field</link>         field;
+        __u32                   bytesperline;   /* for padding, zero if unused */
+        __u32                   sizeimage;
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-colorspace">v4l2_colorspace</link>    colorspace;
+        __u32                   priv;           /* private data, depends on pixelformat */
+};
+
+/*      Pixel format         FOURCC                          depth  Description  */
+
+/* RGB formats */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB332">V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB332</link>  v4l2_fourcc('R', 'G', 'B', '1') /*  8  RGB-3-3-2     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB444">V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB444</link>  v4l2_fourcc('R', '4', '4', '4') /* 16  xxxxrrrr ggggbbbb */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB555">V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB555</link>  v4l2_fourcc('R', 'G', 'B', 'O') /* 16  RGB-5-5-5     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB565">V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB565</link>  v4l2_fourcc('R', 'G', 'B', 'P') /* 16  RGB-5-6-5     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB555X">V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB555X</link> v4l2_fourcc('R', 'G', 'B', 'Q') /* 16  RGB-5-5-5 BE  */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB565X">V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB565X</link> v4l2_fourcc('R', 'G', 'B', 'R') /* 16  RGB-5-6-5 BE  */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-BGR24">V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR24</link>   v4l2_fourcc('B', 'G', 'R', '3') /* 24  BGR-8-8-8     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB24">V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB24</link>   v4l2_fourcc('R', 'G', 'B', '3') /* 24  RGB-8-8-8     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-BGR32">V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR32</link>   v4l2_fourcc('B', 'G', 'R', '4') /* 32  BGR-8-8-8-8   */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB32">V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB32</link>   v4l2_fourcc('R', 'G', 'B', '4') /* 32  RGB-8-8-8-8   */
+
+/* Grey formats */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-GREY">V4L2_PIX_FMT_GREY</link>    v4l2_fourcc('G', 'R', 'E', 'Y') /*  8  Greyscale     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-Y16">V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y16</link>     v4l2_fourcc('Y', '1', '6', ' ') /* 16  Greyscale     */
+
+/* Palette formats */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-PAL8">V4L2_PIX_FMT_PAL8</link>    v4l2_fourcc('P', 'A', 'L', '8') /*  8  8-bit palette */
+
+/* Luminance+Chrominance formats */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YVU410">V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU410</link>  v4l2_fourcc('Y', 'V', 'U', '9') /*  9  YVU 4:1:0     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YVU420">V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420</link>  v4l2_fourcc('Y', 'V', '1', '2') /* 12  YVU 4:2:0     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUYV">V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV</link>    v4l2_fourcc('Y', 'U', 'Y', 'V') /* 16  YUV 4:2:2     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YYUV">V4L2_PIX_FMT_YYUV</link>    v4l2_fourcc('Y', 'Y', 'U', 'V') /* 16  YUV 4:2:2     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YVYU">V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVYU</link>    v4l2_fourcc('Y', 'V', 'Y', 'U') /* 16 YVU 4:2:2 */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-UYVY">V4L2_PIX_FMT_UYVY</link>    v4l2_fourcc('U', 'Y', 'V', 'Y') /* 16  YUV 4:2:2     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-VYUY">V4L2_PIX_FMT_VYUY</link>    v4l2_fourcc('V', 'Y', 'U', 'Y') /* 16  YUV 4:2:2     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV422P">V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV422P</link> v4l2_fourcc('4', '2', '2', 'P') /* 16  YVU422 planar */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV411P">V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV411P</link> v4l2_fourcc('4', '1', '1', 'P') /* 16  YVU411 planar */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-Y41P">V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y41P</link>    v4l2_fourcc('Y', '4', '1', 'P') /* 12  YUV 4:1:1     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV444">V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV444</link>  v4l2_fourcc('Y', '4', '4', '4') /* 16  xxxxyyyy uuuuvvvv */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV555">V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV555</link>  v4l2_fourcc('Y', 'U', 'V', 'O') /* 16  YUV-5-5-5     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV565">V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV565</link>  v4l2_fourcc('Y', 'U', 'V', 'P') /* 16  YUV-5-6-5     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV32">V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV32</link>   v4l2_fourcc('Y', 'U', 'V', '4') /* 32  YUV-8-8-8-8   */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV410">V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV410</link>  v4l2_fourcc('Y', 'U', 'V', '9') /*  9  YUV 4:1:0     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV420">V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV420</link>  v4l2_fourcc('Y', 'U', '1', '2') /* 12  YUV 4:2:0     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-HI240">V4L2_PIX_FMT_HI240</link>   v4l2_fourcc('H', 'I', '2', '4') /*  8  8-bit color   */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-HM12">V4L2_PIX_FMT_HM12</link>    v4l2_fourcc('H', 'M', '1', '2') /*  8  YUV 4:2:0 16x16 macroblocks */
+
+/* two planes -- one Y, one Cr + Cb interleaved  */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-NV12">V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12</link>    v4l2_fourcc('N', 'V', '1', '2') /* 12  Y/CbCr 4:2:0  */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-NV21">V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV21</link>    v4l2_fourcc('N', 'V', '2', '1') /* 12  Y/CrCb 4:2:0  */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-NV16">V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV16</link>    v4l2_fourcc('N', 'V', '1', '6') /* 16  Y/CbCr 4:2:2  */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-NV61">V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV61</link>    v4l2_fourcc('N', 'V', '6', '1') /* 16  Y/CrCb 4:2:2  */
+
+/* Bayer formats - see http://www.siliconimaging.com/RGB%20Bayer.htm */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SBGGR8">V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR8</link>  v4l2_fourcc('B', 'A', '8', '1') /*  8  BGBG.. GRGR.. */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SGBRG8">V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG8</link>  v4l2_fourcc('G', 'B', 'R', 'G') /*  8  GBGB.. RGRG.. */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SGRBG8">V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG8</link>  v4l2_fourcc('G', 'R', 'B', 'G') /*  8  GRGR.. BGBG.. */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SGRBG10">V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG10</link> v4l2_fourcc('B', 'A', '1', '0') /* 10bit raw bayer */
+        /* 10bit raw bayer DPCM compressed to 8 bits */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SGRBG10DPCM8">V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG10DPCM8</link> v4l2_fourcc('B', 'D', '1', '0')
+        /*
+         * 10bit raw bayer, expanded to 16 bits
+         * xxxxrrrrrrrrrrxxxxgggggggggg xxxxggggggggggxxxxbbbbbbbbbb...
+         */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SBGGR16">V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR16</link> v4l2_fourcc('B', 'Y', 'R', '2') /* 16  BGBG.. GRGR.. */
+
+/* compressed formats */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-MJPEG">V4L2_PIX_FMT_MJPEG</link>    v4l2_fourcc('M', 'J', 'P', 'G') /* Motion-JPEG   */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-JPEG">V4L2_PIX_FMT_JPEG</link>     v4l2_fourcc('J', 'P', 'E', 'G') /* JFIF JPEG     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-DV">V4L2_PIX_FMT_DV</link>       v4l2_fourcc('d', 'v', 's', 'd') /* 1394          */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-MPEG">V4L2_PIX_FMT_MPEG</link>     v4l2_fourcc('M', 'P', 'E', 'G') /* MPEG-1/2/4    */
+
+/*  Vendor-specific formats   */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-WNVA">V4L2_PIX_FMT_WNVA</link>     v4l2_fourcc('W', 'N', 'V', 'A') /* Winnov hw compress */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SN9C10X">V4L2_PIX_FMT_SN9C10X</link>  v4l2_fourcc('S', '9', '1', '0') /* SN9C10x compression */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SN9C20X-I420">V4L2_PIX_FMT_SN9C20X_I420</link> v4l2_fourcc('S', '9', '2', '0') /* SN9C20x YUV 4:2:0 */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-PWC1">V4L2_PIX_FMT_PWC1</link>     v4l2_fourcc('P', 'W', 'C', '1') /* pwc older webcam */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-PWC2">V4L2_PIX_FMT_PWC2</link>     v4l2_fourcc('P', 'W', 'C', '2') /* pwc newer webcam */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-ET61X251">V4L2_PIX_FMT_ET61X251</link> v4l2_fourcc('E', '6', '2', '5') /* ET61X251 compression */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SPCA501">V4L2_PIX_FMT_SPCA501</link>  v4l2_fourcc('S', '5', '0', '1') /* YUYV per line */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SPCA505">V4L2_PIX_FMT_SPCA505</link>  v4l2_fourcc('S', '5', '0', '5') /* YYUV per line */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SPCA508">V4L2_PIX_FMT_SPCA508</link>  v4l2_fourcc('S', '5', '0', '8') /* YUVY per line */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SPCA561">V4L2_PIX_FMT_SPCA561</link>  v4l2_fourcc('S', '5', '6', '1') /* compressed GBRG bayer */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-PAC207">V4L2_PIX_FMT_PAC207</link>   v4l2_fourcc('P', '2', '0', '7') /* compressed BGGR bayer */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-MR97310A">V4L2_PIX_FMT_MR97310A</link> v4l2_fourcc('M', '3', '1', '0') /* compressed BGGR bayer */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SQ905C">V4L2_PIX_FMT_SQ905C</link>   v4l2_fourcc('9', '0', '5', 'C') /* compressed RGGB bayer */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-PJPG">V4L2_PIX_FMT_PJPG</link>     v4l2_fourcc('P', 'J', 'P', 'G') /* Pixart 73xx JPEG */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-OV511">V4L2_PIX_FMT_OV511</link>    v4l2_fourcc('O', '5', '1', '1') /* ov511 JPEG */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-OV518">V4L2_PIX_FMT_OV518</link>    v4l2_fourcc('O', '5', '1', '8') /* ov518 JPEG */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-TM6000">V4L2_PIX_FMT_TM6000</link>   v4l2_fourcc('T', 'M', '6', '0') /* tm5600/tm60x0 */
+
+/*
+ *      F O R M A T   E N U M E R A T I O N
+ */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-fmtdesc">v4l2_fmtdesc</link> {
+        __u32               index;             /* Format number      */
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-buf-type">v4l2_buf_type</link>  type;              /* buffer type        */
+        __u32               flags;
+        __u8                description[32];   /* Description string */
+        __u32               pixelformat;       /* Format fourcc      */
+        __u32               reserved[4];
+};
+
+#define V4L2_FMT_FLAG_COMPRESSED 0x0001
+#define V4L2_FMT_FLAG_EMULATED   0x0002
+
+#if 1 /*KEEP*/
+        /* Experimental Frame Size and frame rate enumeration */
+/*
+ *      F R A M E   S I Z E   E N U M E R A T I O N
+ */
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-frmsizetypes">v4l2_frmsizetypes</link> {
+        V4L2_FRMSIZE_TYPE_DISCRETE      = 1,
+        V4L2_FRMSIZE_TYPE_CONTINUOUS    = 2,
+        V4L2_FRMSIZE_TYPE_STEPWISE      = 3,
+};
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-frmsize-discrete">v4l2_frmsize_discrete</link> {
+        __u32                   width;          /* Frame width [pixel] */
+        __u32                   height;         /* Frame height [pixel] */
+};
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-frmsize-stepwise">v4l2_frmsize_stepwise</link> {
+        __u32                   min_width;      /* Minimum frame width [pixel] */
+        __u32                   max_width;      /* Maximum frame width [pixel] */
+        __u32                   step_width;     /* Frame width step size [pixel] */
+        __u32                   min_height;     /* Minimum frame height [pixel] */
+        __u32                   max_height;     /* Maximum frame height [pixel] */
+        __u32                   step_height;    /* Frame height step size [pixel] */
+};
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-frmsizeenum">v4l2_frmsizeenum</link> {
+        __u32                   index;          /* Frame size number */
+        __u32                   pixel_format;   /* Pixel format */
+        __u32                   type;           /* Frame size type the device supports. */
+
+        union {                                 /* Frame size */
+                struct <link linkend="v4l2-frmsize-discrete">v4l2_frmsize_discrete</link>    discrete;
+                struct <link linkend="v4l2-frmsize-stepwise">v4l2_frmsize_stepwise</link>    stepwise;
+        };
+
+        __u32   reserved[2];                    /* Reserved space for future use */
+};
+
+/*
+ *      F R A M E   R A T E   E N U M E R A T I O N
+ */
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-frmivaltypes">v4l2_frmivaltypes</link> {
+        V4L2_FRMIVAL_TYPE_DISCRETE      = 1,
+        V4L2_FRMIVAL_TYPE_CONTINUOUS    = 2,
+        V4L2_FRMIVAL_TYPE_STEPWISE      = 3,
+};
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-frmival-stepwise">v4l2_frmival_stepwise</link> {
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-fract">v4l2_fract</link>       min;            /* Minimum frame interval [s] */
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-fract">v4l2_fract</link>       max;            /* Maximum frame interval [s] */
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-fract">v4l2_fract</link>       step;           /* Frame interval step size [s] */
+};
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-frmivalenum">v4l2_frmivalenum</link> {
+        __u32                   index;          /* Frame format index */
+        __u32                   pixel_format;   /* Pixel format */
+        __u32                   width;          /* Frame width */
+        __u32                   height;         /* Frame height */
+        __u32                   type;           /* Frame interval type the device supports. */
+
+        union {                                 /* Frame interval */
+                struct <link linkend="v4l2-fract">v4l2_fract</link>               discrete;
+                struct <link linkend="v4l2-frmival-stepwise">v4l2_frmival_stepwise</link>    stepwise;
+        };
+
+        __u32   reserved[2];                    /* Reserved space for future use */
+};
+#endif
+
+/*
+ *      T I M E C O D E
+ */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-timecode">v4l2_timecode</link> {
+        __u32   type;
+        __u32   flags;
+        __u8    frames;
+        __u8    seconds;
+        __u8    minutes;
+        __u8    hours;
+        __u8    userbits[4];
+};
+
+/*  Type  */
+#define V4L2_TC_TYPE_24FPS              1
+#define V4L2_TC_TYPE_25FPS              2
+#define V4L2_TC_TYPE_30FPS              3
+#define V4L2_TC_TYPE_50FPS              4
+#define V4L2_TC_TYPE_60FPS              5
+
+/*  Flags  */
+#define V4L2_TC_FLAG_DROPFRAME          0x0001 /* "drop-frame" mode */
+#define V4L2_TC_FLAG_COLORFRAME         0x0002
+#define V4L2_TC_USERBITS_field          0x000C
+#define V4L2_TC_USERBITS_USERDEFINED    0x0000
+#define V4L2_TC_USERBITS_8BITCHARS      0x0008
+/* The above is based on SMPTE timecodes */
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-jpegcompression">v4l2_jpegcompression</link> {
+        int quality;
+
+        int  APPn;              /* Number of APP segment to be written,
+                                 * must be 0..15 */
+        int  APP_len;           /* Length of data in JPEG APPn segment */
+        char APP_data[60];      /* Data in the JPEG APPn segment. */
+
+        int  COM_len;           /* Length of data in JPEG COM segment */
+        char COM_data[60];      /* Data in JPEG COM segment */
+
+        __u32 jpeg_markers;     /* Which markers should go into the JPEG
+                                 * output. Unless you exactly know what
+                                 * you do, leave them untouched.
+                                 * Inluding less markers will make the
+                                 * resulting code smaller, but there will
+                                 * be fewer aplications which can read it.
+                                 * The presence of the APP and COM marker
+                                 * is influenced by APP_len and COM_len
+                                 * ONLY, not by this property! */
+
+#define V4L2_JPEG_MARKER_DHT (1&lt;&lt;3)    /* Define Huffman Tables */
+#define V4L2_JPEG_MARKER_DQT (1&lt;&lt;4)    /* Define Quantization Tables */
+#define V4L2_JPEG_MARKER_DRI (1&lt;&lt;5)    /* Define Restart Interval */
+#define V4L2_JPEG_MARKER_COM (1&lt;&lt;6)    /* Comment segment */
+#define V4L2_JPEG_MARKER_APP (1&lt;&lt;7)    /* App segment, driver will
+                                        * allways use APP0 */
+};
+
+/*
+ *      M E M O R Y - M A P P I N G   B U F F E R S
+ */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-requestbuffers">v4l2_requestbuffers</link> {
+        __u32                   count;
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-buf-type">v4l2_buf_type</link>      type;
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-memory">v4l2_memory</link>        memory;
+        __u32                   reserved[2];
+};
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-buffer">v4l2_buffer</link> {
+        __u32                   index;
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-buf-type">v4l2_buf_type</link>      type;
+        __u32                   bytesused;
+        __u32                   flags;
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-field">v4l2_field</link>         field;
+        struct timeval          timestamp;
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-timecode">v4l2_timecode</link>    timecode;
+        __u32                   sequence;
+
+        /* memory location */
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-memory">v4l2_memory</link>        memory;
+        union {
+                __u32           offset;
+                unsigned long   userptr;
+        } m;
+        __u32                   length;
+        __u32                   input;
+        __u32                   reserved;
+};
+
+/*  Flags for 'flags' field */
+#define V4L2_BUF_FLAG_MAPPED    0x0001  /* Buffer is mapped (flag) */
+#define V4L2_BUF_FLAG_QUEUED    0x0002  /* Buffer is queued for processing */
+#define V4L2_BUF_FLAG_DONE      0x0004  /* Buffer is ready */
+#define V4L2_BUF_FLAG_KEYFRAME  0x0008  /* Image is a keyframe (I-frame) */
+#define V4L2_BUF_FLAG_PFRAME    0x0010  /* Image is a P-frame */
+#define V4L2_BUF_FLAG_BFRAME    0x0020  /* Image is a B-frame */
+#define V4L2_BUF_FLAG_TIMECODE  0x0100  /* timecode field is valid */
+#define V4L2_BUF_FLAG_INPUT     0x0200  /* input field is valid */
+
+/*
+ *      O V E R L A Y   P R E V I E W
+ */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-framebuffer">v4l2_framebuffer</link> {
+        __u32                   capability;
+        __u32                   flags;
+/* FIXME: in theory we should pass something like PCI device + memory
+ * region + offset instead of some physical address */
+        void                    *base;
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-pix-format">v4l2_pix_format</link>  fmt;
+};
+/*  Flags for the 'capability' field. Read only */
+#define V4L2_FBUF_CAP_EXTERNOVERLAY     0x0001
+#define V4L2_FBUF_CAP_CHROMAKEY         0x0002
+#define V4L2_FBUF_CAP_LIST_CLIPPING     0x0004
+#define V4L2_FBUF_CAP_BITMAP_CLIPPING   0x0008
+#define V4L2_FBUF_CAP_LOCAL_ALPHA       0x0010
+#define V4L2_FBUF_CAP_GLOBAL_ALPHA      0x0020
+#define V4L2_FBUF_CAP_LOCAL_INV_ALPHA   0x0040
+/*  Flags for the 'flags' field. */
+#define V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_PRIMARY          0x0001
+#define V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_OVERLAY          0x0002
+#define V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_CHROMAKEY        0x0004
+#define V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_LOCAL_ALPHA      0x0008
+#define V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_GLOBAL_ALPHA     0x0010
+#define V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_LOCAL_INV_ALPHA  0x0020
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-clip">v4l2_clip</link> {
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-rect">v4l2_rect</link>        c;
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-clip">v4l2_clip</link>        __user *next;
+};
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-window">v4l2_window</link> {
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-rect">v4l2_rect</link>        w;
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-field">v4l2_field</link>         field;
+        __u32                   chromakey;
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-clip">v4l2_clip</link>        __user *clips;
+        __u32                   clipcount;
+        void                    __user *bitmap;
+        __u8                    global_alpha;
+};
+
+/*
+ *      C A P T U R E   P A R A M E T E R S
+ */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-captureparm">v4l2_captureparm</link> {
+        __u32              capability;    /*  Supported modes */
+        __u32              capturemode;   /*  Current mode */
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-fract">v4l2_fract</link>  timeperframe;  /*  Time per frame in .1us units */
+        __u32              extendedmode;  /*  Driver-specific extensions */
+        __u32              readbuffers;   /*  # of buffers for read */
+        __u32              reserved[4];
+};
+
+/*  Flags for 'capability' and 'capturemode' fields */
+#define V4L2_MODE_HIGHQUALITY   0x0001  /*  High quality imaging mode */
+#define V4L2_CAP_TIMEPERFRAME   0x1000  /*  timeperframe field is supported */
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-outputparm">v4l2_outputparm</link> {
+        __u32              capability;   /*  Supported modes */
+        __u32              outputmode;   /*  Current mode */
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-fract">v4l2_fract</link>  timeperframe; /*  Time per frame in seconds */
+        __u32              extendedmode; /*  Driver-specific extensions */
+        __u32              writebuffers; /*  # of buffers for write */
+        __u32              reserved[4];
+};
+
+/*
+ *      I N P U T   I M A G E   C R O P P I N G
+ */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-cropcap">v4l2_cropcap</link> {
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-buf-type">v4l2_buf_type</link>      type;
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-rect">v4l2_rect</link>        bounds;
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-rect">v4l2_rect</link>        defrect;
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-fract">v4l2_fract</link>       pixelaspect;
+};
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-crop">v4l2_crop</link> {
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-buf-type">v4l2_buf_type</link>      type;
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-rect">v4l2_rect</link>        c;
+};
+
+/*
+ *      A N A L O G   V I D E O   S T A N D A R D
+ */
+
+typedef __u64 v4l2_std_id;
+
+/* one bit for each */
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_B          ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000001)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_B1         ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000002)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_G          ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000004)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_H          ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000008)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_I          ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000010)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_D          ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000020)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_D1         ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000040)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_K          ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000080)
+
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_M          ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000100)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_N          ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000200)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_Nc         ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000400)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_60         ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000800)
+
+#define V4L2_STD_NTSC_M         ((v4l2_std_id)0x00001000)
+#define V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_JP      ((v4l2_std_id)0x00002000)
+#define V4L2_STD_NTSC_443       ((v4l2_std_id)0x00004000)
+#define V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_KR      ((v4l2_std_id)0x00008000)
+
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_B        ((v4l2_std_id)0x00010000)
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_D        ((v4l2_std_id)0x00020000)
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_G        ((v4l2_std_id)0x00040000)
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_H        ((v4l2_std_id)0x00080000)
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_K        ((v4l2_std_id)0x00100000)
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_K1       ((v4l2_std_id)0x00200000)
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_L        ((v4l2_std_id)0x00400000)
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_LC       ((v4l2_std_id)0x00800000)
+
+/* ATSC/HDTV */
+#define V4L2_STD_ATSC_8_VSB     ((v4l2_std_id)0x01000000)
+#define V4L2_STD_ATSC_16_VSB    ((v4l2_std_id)0x02000000)
+
+/* FIXME:
+   Although std_id is 64 bits, there is an issue on PPC32 architecture that
+   makes switch(__u64) to break. So, there's a hack on v4l2-common.c rounding
+   this value to 32 bits.
+   As, currently, the max value is for V4L2_STD_ATSC_16_VSB (30 bits wide),
+   it should work fine. However, if needed to add more than two standards,
+   v4l2-common.c should be fixed.
+ */
+
+/* some merged standards */
+#define V4L2_STD_MN     (V4L2_STD_PAL_M|V4L2_STD_PAL_N|V4L2_STD_PAL_Nc|V4L2_STD_NTSC)
+#define V4L2_STD_B      (V4L2_STD_PAL_B|V4L2_STD_PAL_B1|V4L2_STD_SECAM_B)
+#define V4L2_STD_GH     (V4L2_STD_PAL_G|V4L2_STD_PAL_H|V4L2_STD_SECAM_G|V4L2_STD_SECAM_H)
+#define V4L2_STD_DK     (V4L2_STD_PAL_DK|V4L2_STD_SECAM_DK)
+
+/* some common needed stuff */
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_BG         (V4L2_STD_PAL_B         |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_B1        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_G)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_DK         (V4L2_STD_PAL_D         |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_D1        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_K)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL            (V4L2_STD_PAL_BG        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_DK        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_H         |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_I)
+#define V4L2_STD_NTSC           (V4L2_STD_NTSC_M        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_JP     |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_KR)
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_DK       (V4L2_STD_SECAM_D       |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_K       |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_K1)
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM          (V4L2_STD_SECAM_B       |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_G       |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_H       |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_DK      |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_L       |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_LC)
+
+#define V4L2_STD_525_60         (V4L2_STD_PAL_M         |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_60        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_NTSC          |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_NTSC_443)
+#define V4L2_STD_625_50         (V4L2_STD_PAL           |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_N         |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_Nc        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM)
+#define V4L2_STD_ATSC           (V4L2_STD_ATSC_8_VSB    |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_ATSC_16_VSB)
+
+#define V4L2_STD_UNKNOWN        0
+#define V4L2_STD_ALL            (V4L2_STD_525_60        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_625_50)
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-standard">v4l2_standard</link> {
+        __u32                index;
+        v4l2_std_id          id;
+        __u8                 name[24];
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-fract">v4l2_fract</link>    frameperiod; /* Frames, not fields */
+        __u32                framelines;
+        __u32                reserved[4];
+};
+
+/*
+ *      V I D E O   I N P U T S
+ */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-input">v4l2_input</link> {
+        __u32        index;             /*  Which input */
+        __u8         name[32];          /*  Label */
+        __u32        type;              /*  Type of input */
+        __u32        audioset;          /*  Associated audios (bitfield) */
+        __u32        tuner;             /*  Associated tuner */
+        v4l2_std_id  std;
+        __u32        status;
+        __u32        reserved[4];
+};
+
+/*  Values for the 'type' field */
+#define V4L2_INPUT_TYPE_TUNER           1
+#define V4L2_INPUT_TYPE_CAMERA          2
+
+/* field 'status' - general */
+#define V4L2_IN_ST_NO_POWER    0x00000001  /* Attached device is off */
+#define V4L2_IN_ST_NO_SIGNAL   0x00000002
+#define V4L2_IN_ST_NO_COLOR    0x00000004
+
+/* field 'status' - sensor orientation */
+/* If sensor is mounted upside down set both bits */
+#define V4L2_IN_ST_HFLIP       0x00000010 /* Frames are flipped horizontally */
+#define V4L2_IN_ST_VFLIP       0x00000020 /* Frames are flipped vertically */
+
+/* field 'status' - analog */
+#define V4L2_IN_ST_NO_H_LOCK   0x00000100  /* No horizontal sync lock */
+#define V4L2_IN_ST_COLOR_KILL  0x00000200  /* Color killer is active */
+
+/* field 'status' - digital */
+#define V4L2_IN_ST_NO_SYNC     0x00010000  /* No synchronization lock */
+#define V4L2_IN_ST_NO_EQU      0x00020000  /* No equalizer lock */
+#define V4L2_IN_ST_NO_CARRIER  0x00040000  /* Carrier recovery failed */
+
+/* field 'status' - VCR and set-top box */
+#define V4L2_IN_ST_MACROVISION 0x01000000  /* Macrovision detected */
+#define V4L2_IN_ST_NO_ACCESS   0x02000000  /* Conditional access denied */
+#define V4L2_IN_ST_VTR         0x04000000  /* VTR time constant */
+
+/*
+ *      V I D E O   O U T P U T S
+ */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-output">v4l2_output</link> {
+        __u32        index;             /*  Which output */
+        __u8         name[32];          /*  Label */
+        __u32        type;              /*  Type of output */
+        __u32        audioset;          /*  Associated audios (bitfield) */
+        __u32        modulator;         /*  Associated modulator */
+        v4l2_std_id  std;
+        __u32        reserved[4];
+};
+/*  Values for the 'type' field */
+#define V4L2_OUTPUT_TYPE_MODULATOR              1
+#define V4L2_OUTPUT_TYPE_ANALOG                 2
+#define V4L2_OUTPUT_TYPE_ANALOGVGAOVERLAY       3
+
+/*
+ *      C O N T R O L S
+ */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-control">v4l2_control</link> {
+        __u32                id;
+        __s32                value;
+};
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-ext-control">v4l2_ext_control</link> {
+        __u32 id;
+        __u32 size;
+        __u32 reserved2[1];
+        union {
+                __s32 value;
+                __s64 value64;
+                char *string;
+        };
+} __attribute__ ((packed));
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-ext-controls">v4l2_ext_controls</link> {
+        __u32 ctrl_class;
+        __u32 count;
+        __u32 error_idx;
+        __u32 reserved[2];
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-ext-control">v4l2_ext_control</link> *controls;
+};
+
+/*  Values for ctrl_class field */
+#define V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_USER 0x00980000 /* Old-style 'user' controls */
+#define V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_MPEG 0x00990000 /* MPEG-compression controls */
+#define V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_CAMERA 0x009a0000       /* Camera class controls */
+#define V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_FM_TX 0x009b0000        /* FM Modulator control class */
+
+#define V4L2_CTRL_ID_MASK         (0x0fffffff)
+#define V4L2_CTRL_ID2CLASS(id)    ((id) &amp; 0x0fff0000UL)
+#define V4L2_CTRL_DRIVER_PRIV(id) (((id) &amp; 0xffff) &gt;= 0x1000)
+
+/*  Used in the VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL ioctl for querying controls */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-queryctrl">v4l2_queryctrl</link> {
+        __u32                id;
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-ctrl-type">v4l2_ctrl_type</link>  type;
+        __u8                 name[32];  /* Whatever */
+        __s32                minimum;   /* Note signedness */
+        __s32                maximum;
+        __s32                step;
+        __s32                default_value;
+        __u32                flags;
+        __u32                reserved[2];
+};
+
+/*  Used in the VIDIOC_QUERYMENU ioctl for querying menu items */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-querymenu">v4l2_querymenu</link> {
+        __u32           id;
+        __u32           index;
+        __u8            name[32];       /* Whatever */
+        __u32           reserved;
+};
+
+/*  Control flags  */
+#define V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_DISABLED         0x0001
+#define V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_GRABBED          0x0002
+#define V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_READ_ONLY        0x0004
+#define V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_UPDATE           0x0008
+#define V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_INACTIVE         0x0010
+#define V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_SLIDER           0x0020
+#define V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_WRITE_ONLY       0x0040
+
+/*  Query flag, to be ORed with the control ID */
+#define V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_NEXT_CTRL        0x80000000
+
+/*  User-class control IDs defined by V4L2 */
+#define V4L2_CID_BASE                   (V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_USER | 0x900)
+#define V4L2_CID_USER_BASE              V4L2_CID_BASE
+/*  IDs reserved for driver specific controls */
+#define V4L2_CID_PRIVATE_BASE           0x08000000
+
+#define V4L2_CID_USER_CLASS             (V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_USER | 1)
+#define V4L2_CID_BRIGHTNESS             (V4L2_CID_BASE+0)
+#define V4L2_CID_CONTRAST               (V4L2_CID_BASE+1)
+#define V4L2_CID_SATURATION             (V4L2_CID_BASE+2)
+#define V4L2_CID_HUE                    (V4L2_CID_BASE+3)
+#define V4L2_CID_AUDIO_VOLUME           (V4L2_CID_BASE+5)
+#define V4L2_CID_AUDIO_BALANCE          (V4L2_CID_BASE+6)
+#define V4L2_CID_AUDIO_BASS             (V4L2_CID_BASE+7)
+#define V4L2_CID_AUDIO_TREBLE           (V4L2_CID_BASE+8)
+#define V4L2_CID_AUDIO_MUTE             (V4L2_CID_BASE+9)
+#define V4L2_CID_AUDIO_LOUDNESS         (V4L2_CID_BASE+10)
+#define V4L2_CID_BLACK_LEVEL            (V4L2_CID_BASE+11) /* Deprecated */
+#define V4L2_CID_AUTO_WHITE_BALANCE     (V4L2_CID_BASE+12)
+#define V4L2_CID_DO_WHITE_BALANCE       (V4L2_CID_BASE+13)
+#define V4L2_CID_RED_BALANCE            (V4L2_CID_BASE+14)
+#define V4L2_CID_BLUE_BALANCE           (V4L2_CID_BASE+15)
+#define V4L2_CID_GAMMA                  (V4L2_CID_BASE+16)
+#define V4L2_CID_WHITENESS              (V4L2_CID_GAMMA) /* Deprecated */
+#define V4L2_CID_EXPOSURE               (V4L2_CID_BASE+17)
+#define V4L2_CID_AUTOGAIN               (V4L2_CID_BASE+18)
+#define V4L2_CID_GAIN                   (V4L2_CID_BASE+19)
+#define V4L2_CID_HFLIP                  (V4L2_CID_BASE+20)
+#define V4L2_CID_VFLIP                  (V4L2_CID_BASE+21)
+
+/* Deprecated; use V4L2_CID_PAN_RESET and V4L2_CID_TILT_RESET */
+#define V4L2_CID_HCENTER                (V4L2_CID_BASE+22)
+#define V4L2_CID_VCENTER                (V4L2_CID_BASE+23)
+
+#define V4L2_CID_POWER_LINE_FREQUENCY   (V4L2_CID_BASE+24)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-power-line-frequency">v4l2_power_line_frequency</link> {
+        V4L2_CID_POWER_LINE_FREQUENCY_DISABLED  = 0,
+        V4L2_CID_POWER_LINE_FREQUENCY_50HZ      = 1,
+        V4L2_CID_POWER_LINE_FREQUENCY_60HZ      = 2,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_HUE_AUTO                       (V4L2_CID_BASE+25)
+#define V4L2_CID_WHITE_BALANCE_TEMPERATURE      (V4L2_CID_BASE+26)
+#define V4L2_CID_SHARPNESS                      (V4L2_CID_BASE+27)
+#define V4L2_CID_BACKLIGHT_COMPENSATION         (V4L2_CID_BASE+28)
+#define V4L2_CID_CHROMA_AGC                     (V4L2_CID_BASE+29)
+#define V4L2_CID_COLOR_KILLER                   (V4L2_CID_BASE+30)
+#define V4L2_CID_COLORFX                        (V4L2_CID_BASE+31)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-colorfx">v4l2_colorfx</link> {
+        V4L2_COLORFX_NONE       = 0,
+        V4L2_COLORFX_BW         = 1,
+        V4L2_COLORFX_SEPIA      = 2,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_AUTOBRIGHTNESS                 (V4L2_CID_BASE+32)
+#define V4L2_CID_BAND_STOP_FILTER               (V4L2_CID_BASE+33)
+
+/* last CID + 1 */
+#define V4L2_CID_LASTP1                         (V4L2_CID_BASE+34)
+
+/*  MPEG-class control IDs defined by V4L2 */
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE                      (V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_MPEG | 0x900)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_CLASS                     (V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_MPEG | 1)
+
+/*  MPEG streams */
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_TYPE               (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+0)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-stream-type">v4l2_mpeg_stream_type</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_TYPE_MPEG2_PS   = 0, /* MPEG-2 program stream */
+        V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_TYPE_MPEG2_TS   = 1, /* MPEG-2 transport stream */
+        V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_TYPE_MPEG1_SS   = 2, /* MPEG-1 system stream */
+        V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_TYPE_MPEG2_DVD  = 3, /* MPEG-2 DVD-compatible stream */
+        V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_TYPE_MPEG1_VCD  = 4, /* MPEG-1 VCD-compatible stream */
+        V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_TYPE_MPEG2_SVCD = 5, /* MPEG-2 SVCD-compatible stream */
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_PID_PMT            (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+1)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_PID_AUDIO          (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+2)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_PID_VIDEO          (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+3)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_PID_PCR            (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+4)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_PES_ID_AUDIO       (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+5)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_PES_ID_VIDEO       (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+6)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_VBI_FMT            (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+7)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-stream-vbi-fmt">v4l2_mpeg_stream_vbi_fmt</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_VBI_FMT_NONE = 0,  /* No VBI in the MPEG stream */
+        V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_VBI_FMT_IVTV = 1,  /* VBI in private packets, IVTV format */
+};
+
+/*  MPEG audio */
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_SAMPLING_FREQ       (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+100)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-audio-sampling-freq">v4l2_mpeg_audio_sampling_freq</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_SAMPLING_FREQ_44100 = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_SAMPLING_FREQ_48000 = 1,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_SAMPLING_FREQ_32000 = 2,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_ENCODING            (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+101)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-audio-encoding">v4l2_mpeg_audio_encoding</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_ENCODING_LAYER_1 = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_ENCODING_LAYER_2 = 1,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_ENCODING_LAYER_3 = 2,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_ENCODING_AAC     = 3,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_ENCODING_AC3     = 4,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE          (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+102)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-audio-l1-bitrate">v4l2_mpeg_audio_l1_bitrate</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_32K  = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_64K  = 1,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_96K  = 2,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_128K = 3,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_160K = 4,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_192K = 5,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_224K = 6,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_256K = 7,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_288K = 8,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_320K = 9,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_352K = 10,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_384K = 11,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_416K = 12,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_448K = 13,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE          (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+103)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-audio-l2-bitrate">v4l2_mpeg_audio_l2_bitrate</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_32K  = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_48K  = 1,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_56K  = 2,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_64K  = 3,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_80K  = 4,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_96K  = 5,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_112K = 6,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_128K = 7,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_160K = 8,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_192K = 9,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_224K = 10,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_256K = 11,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_320K = 12,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_384K = 13,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE          (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+104)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-audio-l3-bitrate">v4l2_mpeg_audio_l3_bitrate</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_32K  = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_40K  = 1,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_48K  = 2,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_56K  = 3,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_64K  = 4,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_80K  = 5,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_96K  = 6,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_112K = 7,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_128K = 8,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_160K = 9,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_192K = 10,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_224K = 11,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_256K = 12,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_320K = 13,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE                (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+105)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-audio-mode">v4l2_mpeg_audio_mode</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_STEREO       = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_JOINT_STEREO = 1,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_DUAL         = 2,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_MONO         = 3,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_EXTENSION      (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+106)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-audio-mode-extension">v4l2_mpeg_audio_mode_extension</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_EXTENSION_BOUND_4  = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_EXTENSION_BOUND_8  = 1,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_EXTENSION_BOUND_12 = 2,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_EXTENSION_BOUND_16 = 3,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_EMPHASIS            (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+107)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-audio-emphasis">v4l2_mpeg_audio_emphasis</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_EMPHASIS_NONE         = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_EMPHASIS_50_DIV_15_uS = 1,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_EMPHASIS_CCITT_J17    = 2,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_CRC                 (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+108)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-audio-crc">v4l2_mpeg_audio_crc</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_CRC_NONE  = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_CRC_CRC16 = 1,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_MUTE                (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+109)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_AAC_BITRATE         (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+110)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE         (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+111)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-audio-ac3-bitrate">v4l2_mpeg_audio_ac3_bitrate</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_32K  = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_40K  = 1,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_48K  = 2,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_56K  = 3,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_64K  = 4,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_80K  = 5,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_96K  = 6,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_112K = 7,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_128K = 8,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_160K = 9,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_192K = 10,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_224K = 11,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_256K = 12,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_320K = 13,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_384K = 14,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_448K = 15,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_512K = 16,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_576K = 17,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_640K = 18,
+};
+
+/*  MPEG video */
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_ENCODING            (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+200)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-video-encoding">v4l2_mpeg_video_encoding</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_ENCODING_MPEG_1     = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_ENCODING_MPEG_2     = 1,
+        V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_ENCODING_MPEG_4_AVC = 2,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_ASPECT              (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+201)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-video-aspect">v4l2_mpeg_video_aspect</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_ASPECT_1x1     = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_ASPECT_4x3     = 1,
+        V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_ASPECT_16x9    = 2,
+        V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_ASPECT_221x100 = 3,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_B_FRAMES            (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+202)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_GOP_SIZE            (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+203)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_GOP_CLOSURE         (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+204)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_PULLDOWN            (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+205)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_BITRATE_MODE        (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+206)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-video-bitrate-mode">v4l2_mpeg_video_bitrate_mode</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_BITRATE_MODE_VBR = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_BITRATE_MODE_CBR = 1,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_BITRATE             (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+207)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_BITRATE_PEAK        (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+208)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_TEMPORAL_DECIMATION (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+209)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_MUTE                (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+210)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_MUTE_YUV            (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+211)
+
+/*  MPEG-class control IDs specific to the CX2341x driver as defined by V4L2 */
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_BASE                              (V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_MPEG | 0x1000)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_SPATIAL_FILTER_MODE         (V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_BASE+0)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-cx2341x-video-spatial-filter-mode">v4l2_mpeg_cx2341x_video_spatial_filter_mode</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_SPATIAL_FILTER_MODE_MANUAL = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_SPATIAL_FILTER_MODE_AUTO   = 1,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_SPATIAL_FILTER              (V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_BASE+1)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_LUMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE    (V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_BASE+2)
+enum <link linkend="luma-spatial-filter-type">v4l2_mpeg_cx2341x_video_luma_spatial_filter_type</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_LUMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE_OFF                  = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_LUMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE_1D_HOR               = 1,
+        V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_LUMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE_1D_VERT              = 2,
+        V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_LUMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE_2D_HV_SEPARABLE      = 3,
+        V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_LUMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE_2D_SYM_NON_SEPARABLE = 4,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_CHROMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE  (V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_BASE+3)
+enum <link linkend="chroma-spatial-filter-type">v4l2_mpeg_cx2341x_video_chroma_spatial_filter_type</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_CHROMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE_OFF    = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_CHROMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE_1D_HOR = 1,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_TEMPORAL_FILTER_MODE        (V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_BASE+4)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-cx2341x-video-temporal-filter-mode">v4l2_mpeg_cx2341x_video_temporal_filter_mode</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_TEMPORAL_FILTER_MODE_MANUAL = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_TEMPORAL_FILTER_MODE_AUTO   = 1,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_TEMPORAL_FILTER             (V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_BASE+5)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_MEDIAN_FILTER_TYPE          (V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_BASE+6)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-cx2341x-video-median-filter-type">v4l2_mpeg_cx2341x_video_median_filter_type</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_MEDIAN_FILTER_TYPE_OFF      = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_MEDIAN_FILTER_TYPE_HOR      = 1,
+        V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_MEDIAN_FILTER_TYPE_VERT     = 2,
+        V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_MEDIAN_FILTER_TYPE_HOR_VERT = 3,
+        V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_MEDIAN_FILTER_TYPE_DIAG     = 4,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_LUMA_MEDIAN_FILTER_BOTTOM   (V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_BASE+7)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_LUMA_MEDIAN_FILTER_TOP      (V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_BASE+8)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_CHROMA_MEDIAN_FILTER_BOTTOM (V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_BASE+9)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_CHROMA_MEDIAN_FILTER_TOP    (V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_BASE+10)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_STREAM_INSERT_NAV_PACKETS         (V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_BASE+11)
+
+/*  Camera class control IDs */
+#define V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS_BASE      (V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_CAMERA | 0x900)
+#define V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS           (V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_CAMERA | 1)
+
+#define V4L2_CID_EXPOSURE_AUTO                  (V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS_BASE+1)
+enum  <link linkend="v4l2-exposure-auto-type">v4l2_exposure_auto_type</link> {
+        V4L2_EXPOSURE_AUTO = 0,
+        V4L2_EXPOSURE_MANUAL = 1,
+        V4L2_EXPOSURE_SHUTTER_PRIORITY = 2,
+        V4L2_EXPOSURE_APERTURE_PRIORITY = 3
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_EXPOSURE_ABSOLUTE              (V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS_BASE+2)
+#define V4L2_CID_EXPOSURE_AUTO_PRIORITY         (V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS_BASE+3)
+
+#define V4L2_CID_PAN_RELATIVE                   (V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS_BASE+4)
+#define V4L2_CID_TILT_RELATIVE                  (V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS_BASE+5)
+#define V4L2_CID_PAN_RESET                      (V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS_BASE+6)
+#define V4L2_CID_TILT_RESET                     (V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS_BASE+7)
+
+#define V4L2_CID_PAN_ABSOLUTE                   (V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS_BASE+8)
+#define V4L2_CID_TILT_ABSOLUTE                  (V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS_BASE+9)
+
+#define V4L2_CID_FOCUS_ABSOLUTE                 (V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS_BASE+10)
+#define V4L2_CID_FOCUS_RELATIVE                 (V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS_BASE+11)
+#define V4L2_CID_FOCUS_AUTO                     (V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS_BASE+12)
+
+#define V4L2_CID_ZOOM_ABSOLUTE                  (V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS_BASE+13)
+#define V4L2_CID_ZOOM_RELATIVE                  (V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS_BASE+14)
+#define V4L2_CID_ZOOM_CONTINUOUS                (V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS_BASE+15)
+
+#define V4L2_CID_PRIVACY                        (V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS_BASE+16)
+
+/* FM Modulator class control IDs */
+#define V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE               (V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_FM_TX | 0x900)
+#define V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS                    (V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_FM_TX | 1)
+
+#define V4L2_CID_RDS_TX_DEVIATION               (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 1)
+#define V4L2_CID_RDS_TX_PI                      (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 2)
+#define V4L2_CID_RDS_TX_PTY                     (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 3)
+#define V4L2_CID_RDS_TX_PS_NAME                 (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 5)
+#define V4L2_CID_RDS_TX_RADIO_TEXT              (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 6)
+
+#define V4L2_CID_AUDIO_LIMITER_ENABLED          (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 64)
+#define V4L2_CID_AUDIO_LIMITER_RELEASE_TIME     (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 65)
+#define V4L2_CID_AUDIO_LIMITER_DEVIATION        (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 66)
+
+#define V4L2_CID_AUDIO_COMPRESSION_ENABLED      (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 80)
+#define V4L2_CID_AUDIO_COMPRESSION_GAIN         (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 81)
+#define V4L2_CID_AUDIO_COMPRESSION_THRESHOLD    (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 82)
+#define V4L2_CID_AUDIO_COMPRESSION_ATTACK_TIME  (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 83)
+#define V4L2_CID_AUDIO_COMPRESSION_RELEASE_TIME (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 84)
+
+#define V4L2_CID_PILOT_TONE_ENABLED             (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 96)
+#define V4L2_CID_PILOT_TONE_DEVIATION           (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 97)
+#define V4L2_CID_PILOT_TONE_FREQUENCY           (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 98)
+
+#define V4L2_CID_TUNE_PREEMPHASIS               (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 112)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-preemphasis">v4l2_preemphasis</link> {
+        V4L2_PREEMPHASIS_DISABLED       = 0,
+        V4L2_PREEMPHASIS_50_uS          = 1,
+        V4L2_PREEMPHASIS_75_uS          = 2,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_TUNE_POWER_LEVEL               (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 113)
+#define V4L2_CID_TUNE_ANTENNA_CAPACITOR         (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 114)
+
+/*
+ *      T U N I N G
+ */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-tuner">v4l2_tuner</link> {
+        __u32                   index;
+        __u8                    name[32];
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-tuner-type">v4l2_tuner_type</link>    type;
+        __u32                   capability;
+        __u32                   rangelow;
+        __u32                   rangehigh;
+        __u32                   rxsubchans;
+        __u32                   audmode;
+        __s32                   signal;
+        __s32                   afc;
+        __u32                   reserved[4];
+};
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-modulator">v4l2_modulator</link> {
+        __u32                   index;
+        __u8                    name[32];
+        __u32                   capability;
+        __u32                   rangelow;
+        __u32                   rangehigh;
+        __u32                   txsubchans;
+        __u32                   reserved[4];
+};
+
+/*  Flags for the 'capability' field */
+#define V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LOW              0x0001
+#define V4L2_TUNER_CAP_NORM             0x0002
+#define V4L2_TUNER_CAP_STEREO           0x0010
+#define V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LANG2            0x0020
+#define V4L2_TUNER_CAP_SAP              0x0020
+#define V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LANG1            0x0040
+#define V4L2_TUNER_CAP_RDS              0x0080
+
+/*  Flags for the 'rxsubchans' field */
+#define V4L2_TUNER_SUB_MONO             0x0001
+#define V4L2_TUNER_SUB_STEREO           0x0002
+#define V4L2_TUNER_SUB_LANG2            0x0004
+#define V4L2_TUNER_SUB_SAP              0x0004
+#define V4L2_TUNER_SUB_LANG1            0x0008
+#define V4L2_TUNER_SUB_RDS              0x0010
+
+/*  Values for the 'audmode' field */
+#define V4L2_TUNER_MODE_MONO            0x0000
+#define V4L2_TUNER_MODE_STEREO          0x0001
+#define V4L2_TUNER_MODE_LANG2           0x0002
+#define V4L2_TUNER_MODE_SAP             0x0002
+#define V4L2_TUNER_MODE_LANG1           0x0003
+#define V4L2_TUNER_MODE_LANG1_LANG2     0x0004
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-frequency">v4l2_frequency</link> {
+        __u32                 tuner;
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-tuner-type">v4l2_tuner_type</link>  type;
+        __u32                 frequency;
+        __u32                 reserved[8];
+};
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-hw-freq-seek">v4l2_hw_freq_seek</link> {
+        __u32                 tuner;
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-tuner-type">v4l2_tuner_type</link>  type;
+        __u32                 seek_upward;
+        __u32                 wrap_around;
+        __u32                 reserved[8];
+};
+
+/*
+ *      R D S
+ */
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-rds-data">v4l2_rds_data</link> {
+        __u8    lsb;
+        __u8    msb;
+        __u8    block;
+} __attribute__ ((packed));
+
+#define V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_MSK       0x7
+#define V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_A         0
+#define V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_B         1
+#define V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_C         2
+#define V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_D         3
+#define V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_C_ALT     4
+#define V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_INVALID   7
+
+#define V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_CORRECTED 0x40
+#define V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_ERROR     0x80
+
+/*
+ *      A U D I O
+ */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-audio">v4l2_audio</link> {
+        __u32   index;
+        __u8    name[32];
+        __u32   capability;
+        __u32   mode;
+        __u32   reserved[2];
+};
+
+/*  Flags for the 'capability' field */
+#define V4L2_AUDCAP_STEREO              0x00001
+#define V4L2_AUDCAP_AVL                 0x00002
+
+/*  Flags for the 'mode' field */
+#define V4L2_AUDMODE_AVL                0x00001
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-audioout">v4l2_audioout</link> {
+        __u32   index;
+        __u8    name[32];
+        __u32   capability;
+        __u32   mode;
+        __u32   reserved[2];
+};
+
+/*
+ *      M P E G   S E R V I C E S
+ *
+ *      NOTE: EXPERIMENTAL API
+ */
+#if 1 /*KEEP*/
+#define V4L2_ENC_IDX_FRAME_I    (0)
+#define V4L2_ENC_IDX_FRAME_P    (1)
+#define V4L2_ENC_IDX_FRAME_B    (2)
+#define V4L2_ENC_IDX_FRAME_MASK (0xf)
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-enc-idx-entry">v4l2_enc_idx_entry</link> {
+        __u64 offset;
+        __u64 pts;
+        __u32 length;
+        __u32 flags;
+        __u32 reserved[2];
+};
+
+#define V4L2_ENC_IDX_ENTRIES (64)
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-enc-idx">v4l2_enc_idx</link> {
+        __u32 entries;
+        __u32 entries_cap;
+        __u32 reserved[4];
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-enc-idx-entry">v4l2_enc_idx_entry</link> entry[V4L2_ENC_IDX_ENTRIES];
+};
+
+
+#define V4L2_ENC_CMD_START      (0)
+#define V4L2_ENC_CMD_STOP       (1)
+#define V4L2_ENC_CMD_PAUSE      (2)
+#define V4L2_ENC_CMD_RESUME     (3)
+
+/* Flags for V4L2_ENC_CMD_STOP */
+#define V4L2_ENC_CMD_STOP_AT_GOP_END    (1 &lt;&lt; 0)
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-encoder-cmd">v4l2_encoder_cmd</link> {
+        __u32 cmd;
+        __u32 flags;
+        union {
+                struct {
+                        __u32 data[8];
+                } raw;
+        };
+};
+
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+ *      D A T A   S E R V I C E S   ( V B I )
+ *
+ *      Data services API by Michael Schimek
+ */
+
+/* Raw VBI */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-vbi-format">v4l2_vbi_format</link> {
+        __u32   sampling_rate;          /* in 1 Hz */
+        __u32   offset;
+        __u32   samples_per_line;
+        __u32   sample_format;          /* V4L2_PIX_FMT_* */
+        __s32   start[2];
+        __u32   count[2];
+        __u32   flags;                  /* V4L2_VBI_* */
+        __u32   reserved[2];            /* must be zero */
+};
+
+/*  VBI flags  */
+#define V4L2_VBI_UNSYNC         (1 &lt;&lt; 0)
+#define V4L2_VBI_INTERLACED     (1 &lt;&lt; 1)
+
+/* Sliced VBI
+ *
+ *    This implements is a proposal V4L2 API to allow SLICED VBI
+ * required for some hardware encoders. It should change without
+ * notice in the definitive implementation.
+ */
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-sliced-vbi-format">v4l2_sliced_vbi_format</link> {
+        __u16   service_set;
+        /* service_lines[0][...] specifies lines 0-23 (1-23 used) of the first field
+           service_lines[1][...] specifies lines 0-23 (1-23 used) of the second field
+                                 (equals frame lines 313-336 for 625 line video
+                                  standards, 263-286 for 525 line standards) */
+        __u16   service_lines[2][24];
+        __u32   io_size;
+        __u32   reserved[2];            /* must be zero */
+};
+
+/* Teletext World System Teletext
+   (WST), defined on ITU-R BT.653-2 */
+#define V4L2_SLICED_TELETEXT_B          (0x0001)
+/* Video Program System, defined on ETS 300 231*/
+#define V4L2_SLICED_VPS                 (0x0400)
+/* Closed Caption, defined on EIA-608 */
+#define V4L2_SLICED_CAPTION_525         (0x1000)
+/* Wide Screen System, defined on ITU-R BT1119.1 */
+#define V4L2_SLICED_WSS_625             (0x4000)
+
+#define V4L2_SLICED_VBI_525             (V4L2_SLICED_CAPTION_525)
+#define V4L2_SLICED_VBI_625             (V4L2_SLICED_TELETEXT_B | V4L2_SLICED_VPS | V4L2_SLICED_WSS_625)
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-sliced-vbi-cap">v4l2_sliced_vbi_cap</link> {
+        __u16   service_set;
+        /* service_lines[0][...] specifies lines 0-23 (1-23 used) of the first field
+           service_lines[1][...] specifies lines 0-23 (1-23 used) of the second field
+                                 (equals frame lines 313-336 for 625 line video
+                                  standards, 263-286 for 525 line standards) */
+        __u16   service_lines[2][24];
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-buf-type">v4l2_buf_type</link> type;
+        __u32   reserved[3];    /* must be 0 */
+};
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-sliced-vbi-data">v4l2_sliced_vbi_data</link> {
+        __u32   id;
+        __u32   field;          /* 0: first field, 1: second field */
+        __u32   line;           /* 1-23 */
+        __u32   reserved;       /* must be 0 */
+        __u8    data[48];
+};
+
+/*
+ * Sliced VBI data inserted into MPEG Streams
+ */
+
+/*
+ * V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_VBI_FMT_IVTV:
+ *
+ * Structure of payload contained in an MPEG 2 Private Stream 1 PES Packet in an
+ * MPEG-2 Program Pack that contains V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_VBI_FMT_IVTV Sliced VBI
+ * data
+ *
+ * Note, the MPEG-2 Program Pack and Private Stream 1 PES packet header
+ * definitions are not included here.  See the MPEG-2 specifications for details
+ * on these headers.
+ */
+
+/* Line type IDs */
+#define V4L2_MPEG_VBI_IVTV_TELETEXT_B     (1)
+#define V4L2_MPEG_VBI_IVTV_CAPTION_525    (4)
+#define V4L2_MPEG_VBI_IVTV_WSS_625        (5)
+#define V4L2_MPEG_VBI_IVTV_VPS            (7)
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-itv0-line">v4l2_mpeg_vbi_itv0_line</link> {
+        __u8 id;        /* One of V4L2_MPEG_VBI_IVTV_* above */
+        __u8 data[42];  /* Sliced VBI data for the line */
+} __attribute__ ((packed));
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-itv0">v4l2_mpeg_vbi_itv0</link> {
+        __le32 linemask[2]; /* Bitmasks of VBI service lines present */
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-itv0-line">v4l2_mpeg_vbi_itv0_line</link> line[35];
+} __attribute__ ((packed));
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-itv0-1">v4l2_mpeg_vbi_ITV0</link> {
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-itv0-line">v4l2_mpeg_vbi_itv0_line</link> line[36];
+} __attribute__ ((packed));
+
+#define V4L2_MPEG_VBI_IVTV_MAGIC0       "itv0"
+#define V4L2_MPEG_VBI_IVTV_MAGIC1       "ITV0"
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-fmt-ivtv">v4l2_mpeg_vbi_fmt_ivtv</link> {
+        __u8 magic[4];
+        union {
+                struct <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-itv0">v4l2_mpeg_vbi_itv0</link> itv0;
+                struct <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-itv0-1">v4l2_mpeg_vbi_ITV0</link> ITV0;
+        };
+} __attribute__ ((packed));
+
+/*
+ *      A G G R E G A T E   S T R U C T U R E S
+ */
+
+/*      Stream data format
+ */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-format">v4l2_format</link> {
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-buf-type">v4l2_buf_type</link> type;
+        union {
+                struct <link linkend="v4l2-pix-format">v4l2_pix_format</link>          pix;     /* V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE */
+                struct <link linkend="v4l2-window">v4l2_window</link>              win;     /* V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OVERLAY */
+                struct <link linkend="v4l2-vbi-format">v4l2_vbi_format</link>          vbi;     /* V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_CAPTURE */
+                struct <link linkend="v4l2-sliced-vbi-format">v4l2_sliced_vbi_format</link>   sliced;  /* V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_CAPTURE */
+                __u8    raw_data[200];                   /* user-defined */
+        } fmt;
+};
+
+
+/*      Stream type-dependent parameters
+ */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-streamparm">v4l2_streamparm</link> {
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-buf-type">v4l2_buf_type</link> type;
+        union {
+                struct <link linkend="v4l2-captureparm">v4l2_captureparm</link> capture;
+                struct <link linkend="v4l2-outputparm">v4l2_outputparm</link>  output;
+                __u8    raw_data[200];  /* user-defined */
+        } parm;
+};
+
+/*
+ *      A D V A N C E D   D E B U G G I N G
+ *
+ *      NOTE: EXPERIMENTAL API, NEVER RELY ON THIS IN APPLICATIONS!
+ *      FOR DEBUGGING, TESTING AND INTERNAL USE ONLY!
+ */
+
+/* VIDIOC_DBG_G_REGISTER and VIDIOC_DBG_S_REGISTER */
+
+#define V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_HOST       0  /* Match against chip ID on host (0 for the host) */
+#define V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_I2C_DRIVER 1  /* Match against I2C driver name */
+#define V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_I2C_ADDR   2  /* Match against I2C 7-bit address */
+#define V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_AC97       3  /* Match against anciliary AC97 chip */
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-dbg-match">v4l2_dbg_match</link> {
+        __u32 type; /* Match type */
+        union {     /* Match this chip, meaning determined by type */
+                __u32 addr;
+                char name[32];
+        };
+} __attribute__ ((packed));
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-dbg-register">v4l2_dbg_register</link> {
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-dbg-match">v4l2_dbg_match</link> match;
+        __u32 size;     /* register size in bytes */
+        __u64 reg;
+        __u64 val;
+} __attribute__ ((packed));
+
+/* VIDIOC_DBG_G_CHIP_IDENT */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-dbg-chip-ident">v4l2_dbg_chip_ident</link> {
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-dbg-match">v4l2_dbg_match</link> match;
+        __u32 ident;       /* chip identifier as specified in &lt;media/v4l2-chip-ident.h&gt; */
+        __u32 revision;    /* chip revision, chip specific */
+} __attribute__ ((packed));
+
+/*
+ *      I O C T L   C O D E S   F O R   V I D E O   D E V I C E S
+ *
+ */
+#define VIDIOC_QUERYCAP          _IOR('V',  0, struct <link linkend="v4l2-capability">v4l2_capability</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_RESERVED           _IO('V',  1)
+#define VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT         _IOWR('V',  2, struct <link linkend="v4l2-fmtdesc">v4l2_fmtdesc</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_G_FMT            _IOWR('V',  4, struct <link linkend="v4l2-format">v4l2_format</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_S_FMT            _IOWR('V',  5, struct <link linkend="v4l2-format">v4l2_format</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_REQBUFS          _IOWR('V',  8, struct <link linkend="v4l2-requestbuffers">v4l2_requestbuffers</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_QUERYBUF         _IOWR('V',  9, struct <link linkend="v4l2-buffer">v4l2_buffer</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_G_FBUF            _IOR('V', 10, struct <link linkend="v4l2-framebuffer">v4l2_framebuffer</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_S_FBUF            _IOW('V', 11, struct <link linkend="v4l2-framebuffer">v4l2_framebuffer</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_OVERLAY           _IOW('V', 14, int)
+#define VIDIOC_QBUF             _IOWR('V', 15, struct <link linkend="v4l2-buffer">v4l2_buffer</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_DQBUF            _IOWR('V', 17, struct <link linkend="v4l2-buffer">v4l2_buffer</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_STREAMON          _IOW('V', 18, int)
+#define VIDIOC_STREAMOFF         _IOW('V', 19, int)
+#define VIDIOC_G_PARM           _IOWR('V', 21, struct <link linkend="v4l2-streamparm">v4l2_streamparm</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_S_PARM           _IOWR('V', 22, struct <link linkend="v4l2-streamparm">v4l2_streamparm</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_G_STD             _IOR('V', 23, v4l2_std_id)
+#define VIDIOC_S_STD             _IOW('V', 24, v4l2_std_id)
+#define VIDIOC_ENUMSTD          _IOWR('V', 25, struct <link linkend="v4l2-standard">v4l2_standard</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_ENUMINPUT        _IOWR('V', 26, struct <link linkend="v4l2-input">v4l2_input</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_G_CTRL           _IOWR('V', 27, struct <link linkend="v4l2-control">v4l2_control</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_S_CTRL           _IOWR('V', 28, struct <link linkend="v4l2-control">v4l2_control</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_G_TUNER          _IOWR('V', 29, struct <link linkend="v4l2-tuner">v4l2_tuner</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_S_TUNER           _IOW('V', 30, struct <link linkend="v4l2-tuner">v4l2_tuner</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_G_AUDIO           _IOR('V', 33, struct <link linkend="v4l2-audio">v4l2_audio</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_S_AUDIO           _IOW('V', 34, struct <link linkend="v4l2-audio">v4l2_audio</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL        _IOWR('V', 36, struct <link linkend="v4l2-queryctrl">v4l2_queryctrl</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_QUERYMENU        _IOWR('V', 37, struct <link linkend="v4l2-querymenu">v4l2_querymenu</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_G_INPUT           _IOR('V', 38, int)
+#define VIDIOC_S_INPUT          _IOWR('V', 39, int)
+#define VIDIOC_G_OUTPUT          _IOR('V', 46, int)
+#define VIDIOC_S_OUTPUT         _IOWR('V', 47, int)
+#define VIDIOC_ENUMOUTPUT       _IOWR('V', 48, struct <link linkend="v4l2-output">v4l2_output</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_G_AUDOUT          _IOR('V', 49, struct <link linkend="v4l2-audioout">v4l2_audioout</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_S_AUDOUT          _IOW('V', 50, struct <link linkend="v4l2-audioout">v4l2_audioout</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_G_MODULATOR      _IOWR('V', 54, struct <link linkend="v4l2-modulator">v4l2_modulator</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_S_MODULATOR       _IOW('V', 55, struct <link linkend="v4l2-modulator">v4l2_modulator</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_G_FREQUENCY      _IOWR('V', 56, struct <link linkend="v4l2-frequency">v4l2_frequency</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_S_FREQUENCY       _IOW('V', 57, struct <link linkend="v4l2-frequency">v4l2_frequency</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_CROPCAP          _IOWR('V', 58, struct <link linkend="v4l2-cropcap">v4l2_cropcap</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_G_CROP           _IOWR('V', 59, struct <link linkend="v4l2-crop">v4l2_crop</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_S_CROP            _IOW('V', 60, struct <link linkend="v4l2-crop">v4l2_crop</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_G_JPEGCOMP        _IOR('V', 61, struct <link linkend="v4l2-jpegcompression">v4l2_jpegcompression</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_S_JPEGCOMP        _IOW('V', 62, struct <link linkend="v4l2-jpegcompression">v4l2_jpegcompression</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_QUERYSTD          _IOR('V', 63, v4l2_std_id)
+#define VIDIOC_TRY_FMT          _IOWR('V', 64, struct <link linkend="v4l2-format">v4l2_format</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_ENUMAUDIO        _IOWR('V', 65, struct <link linkend="v4l2-audio">v4l2_audio</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_ENUMAUDOUT       _IOWR('V', 66, struct <link linkend="v4l2-audioout">v4l2_audioout</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_G_PRIORITY        _IOR('V', 67, enum <link linkend="v4l2-priority">v4l2_priority</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_S_PRIORITY        _IOW('V', 68, enum <link linkend="v4l2-priority">v4l2_priority</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_G_SLICED_VBI_CAP _IOWR('V', 69, struct <link linkend="v4l2-sliced-vbi-cap">v4l2_sliced_vbi_cap</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_LOG_STATUS         _IO('V', 70)
+#define VIDIOC_G_EXT_CTRLS      _IOWR('V', 71, struct <link linkend="v4l2-ext-controls">v4l2_ext_controls</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_S_EXT_CTRLS      _IOWR('V', 72, struct <link linkend="v4l2-ext-controls">v4l2_ext_controls</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_TRY_EXT_CTRLS    _IOWR('V', 73, struct <link linkend="v4l2-ext-controls">v4l2_ext_controls</link>)
+#if 1 /*KEEP*/
+#define VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMESIZES  _IOWR('V', 74, struct <link linkend="v4l2-frmsizeenum">v4l2_frmsizeenum</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMEINTERVALS _IOWR('V', 75, struct <link linkend="v4l2-frmivalenum">v4l2_frmivalenum</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_G_ENC_INDEX       _IOR('V', 76, struct <link linkend="v4l2-enc-idx">v4l2_enc_idx</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_ENCODER_CMD      _IOWR('V', 77, struct <link linkend="v4l2-encoder-cmd">v4l2_encoder_cmd</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_TRY_ENCODER_CMD  _IOWR('V', 78, struct <link linkend="v4l2-encoder-cmd">v4l2_encoder_cmd</link>)
+#endif
+
+#if 1 /*KEEP*/
+/* Experimental, meant for debugging, testing and internal use.
+   Only implemented if CONFIG_VIDEO_ADV_DEBUG is defined.
+   You must be root to use these ioctls. Never use these in applications! */
+#define VIDIOC_DBG_S_REGISTER    _IOW('V', 79, struct <link linkend="v4l2-dbg-register">v4l2_dbg_register</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_DBG_G_REGISTER   _IOWR('V', 80, struct <link linkend="v4l2-dbg-register">v4l2_dbg_register</link>)
+
+/* Experimental, meant for debugging, testing and internal use.
+   Never use this ioctl in applications! */
+#define VIDIOC_DBG_G_CHIP_IDENT _IOWR('V', 81, struct <link linkend="v4l2-dbg-chip-ident">v4l2_dbg_chip_ident</link>)
+#endif
+
+#define VIDIOC_S_HW_FREQ_SEEK    _IOW('V', 82, struct <link linkend="v4l2-hw-freq-seek">v4l2_hw_freq_seek</link>)
+/* Reminder: when adding new ioctls please add support for them to
+   drivers/media/video/v4l2-compat-ioctl32.c as well! */
+
+#ifdef __OLD_VIDIOC_
+/* for compatibility, will go away some day */
+#define VIDIOC_OVERLAY_OLD      _IOWR('V', 14, int)
+#define VIDIOC_S_PARM_OLD        _IOW('V', 22, struct <link linkend="v4l2-streamparm">v4l2_streamparm</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_S_CTRL_OLD        _IOW('V', 28, struct <link linkend="v4l2-control">v4l2_control</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_G_AUDIO_OLD      _IOWR('V', 33, struct <link linkend="v4l2-audio">v4l2_audio</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_G_AUDOUT_OLD     _IOWR('V', 49, struct <link linkend="v4l2-audioout">v4l2_audioout</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_CROPCAP_OLD       _IOR('V', 58, struct <link linkend="v4l2-cropcap">v4l2_cropcap</link>)
+#endif
+
+#define BASE_VIDIOC_PRIVATE     192             /* 192-255 are private */
+
+#endif /* __LINUX_VIDEODEV2_H */
+</programlisting>
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-cropcap.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-cropcap.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..816e90e283c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-cropcap.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-cropcap">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_CROPCAP</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_CROPCAP</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Information about the video cropping and scaling abilities</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_cropcap
+*<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_CROPCAP</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>Applications use this function to query the cropping
+limits, the pixel aspect of images and to calculate scale factors.
+They set the <structfield>type</structfield> field of a v4l2_cropcap
+structure to the respective buffer (stream) type and call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_CROPCAP</constant> ioctl with a pointer to this
+structure. Drivers fill the rest of the structure. The results are
+constant except when switching the video standard. Remember this
+switch can occur implicit when switching the video input or
+output.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-cropcap">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_cropcap</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-buf-type;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Type of the data stream, set by the application.
+Only these types are valid here:
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OVERLAY</constant>, and custom (driver
+defined) types with code <constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_PRIVATE</constant>
+and higher.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>struct <link linkend="v4l2-rect-crop">v4l2_rect</link></entry>
+            <entry><structfield>bounds</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Defines the window within capturing or output is
+possible, this may exclude for example the horizontal and vertical
+blanking areas. The cropping rectangle cannot exceed these limits.
+Width and height are defined in pixels, the driver writer is free to
+choose origin and units of the coordinate system in the analog
+domain.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>struct <link linkend="v4l2-rect-crop">v4l2_rect</link></entry>
+            <entry><structfield>defrect</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Default cropping rectangle, it shall cover the
+"whole picture". Assuming pixel aspect 1/1 this could be for example a
+640&nbsp;&times;&nbsp;480 rectangle for NTSC, a
+768&nbsp;&times;&nbsp;576 rectangle for PAL and SECAM centered over
+the active picture area. The same co-ordinate system as for
+            <structfield>bounds</structfield> is used.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-fract;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>pixelaspect</structfield></entry>
+            <entry><para>This is the pixel aspect (y / x) when no
+scaling is applied, the ratio of the actual sampling
+frequency and the frequency required to get square
+pixels.</para><para>When cropping coordinates refer to square pixels,
+the driver sets <structfield>pixelaspect</structfield> to 1/1. Other
+common values are 54/59 for PAL and SECAM, 11/10 for NTSC sampled
+according to [<xref linkend="itu601" />].</para></entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <!-- NB this table is duplicated in the overlay chapter. -->
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-rect-crop">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_rect</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__s32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>left</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Horizontal offset of the top, left corner of the
+rectangle, in pixels.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__s32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>top</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Vertical offset of the top, left corner of the
+rectangle, in pixels.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__s32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>width</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Width of the rectangle, in pixels.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__s32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>height</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Height of the rectangle, in pixels. Width
+and height cannot be negative, the fields are signed for
+hysterical reasons. <!-- video4linux-list@redhat.com
+on 22 Oct 2002 subject "Re:[V4L][patches!] Re:v4l2/kernel-2.5" -->
+</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-cropcap; <structfield>type</structfield> is
+invalid or the ioctl is not supported. This is not permitted for
+video capture, output and overlay devices, which must support
+<constant>VIDIOC_CROPCAP</constant>.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-dbg-g-chip-ident.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-dbg-g-chip-ident.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..4a09e203af0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-dbg-g-chip-ident.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,275 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-dbg-g-chip-ident">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_DBG_G_CHIP_IDENT</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_DBG_G_CHIP_IDENT</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Identify the chips on a TV card</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_dbg_chip_ident
+*<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_DBG_G_CHIP_IDENT</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <note>
+      <title>Experimental</title>
+
+      <para>This is an <link
+linkend="experimental">experimental</link> interface and may change in
+the future.</para>
+    </note>
+
+    <para>For driver debugging purposes this ioctl allows test
+applications to query the driver about the chips present on the TV
+card. Regular applications must not use it. When you found a chip
+specific bug, please contact the linux-media mailing list (&v4l-ml;)
+so it can be fixed.</para>
+
+    <para>To query the driver applications must initialize the
+<structfield>match.type</structfield> and
+<structfield>match.addr</structfield> or <structfield>match.name</structfield>
+fields of a &v4l2-dbg-chip-ident;
+and call <constant>VIDIOC_DBG_G_CHIP_IDENT</constant> with a pointer to
+this structure. On success the driver stores information about the
+selected chip in the <structfield>ident</structfield> and
+<structfield>revision</structfield> fields. On failure the structure
+remains unchanged.</para>
+
+    <para>When <structfield>match.type</structfield> is
+<constant>V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_HOST</constant>,
+<structfield>match.addr</structfield> selects the nth non-&i2c; chip
+on the TV card. You can enumerate all chips by starting at zero and
+incrementing <structfield>match.addr</structfield> by one until
+<constant>VIDIOC_DBG_G_CHIP_IDENT</constant> fails with an &EINVAL;.
+The number zero always selects the host chip, &eg; the chip connected
+to the PCI or USB bus.</para>
+
+    <para>When <structfield>match.type</structfield> is
+<constant>V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_I2C_DRIVER</constant>,
+<structfield>match.name</structfield> contains the I2C driver name.
+For instance
+<constant>"saa7127"</constant> will match any chip
+supported by the saa7127 driver, regardless of its &i2c; bus address.
+When multiple chips supported by the same driver are present, the
+ioctl will return <constant>V4L2_IDENT_AMBIGUOUS</constant> in the
+<structfield>ident</structfield> field.</para>
+
+    <para>When <structfield>match.type</structfield> is
+<constant>V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_I2C_ADDR</constant>,
+<structfield>match.addr</structfield> selects a chip by its 7 bit
+&i2c; bus address.</para>
+
+    <para>When <structfield>match.type</structfield> is
+<constant>V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_AC97</constant>,
+<structfield>match.addr</structfield> selects the nth AC97 chip
+on the TV card. You can enumerate all chips by starting at zero and
+incrementing <structfield>match.addr</structfield> by one until
+<constant>VIDIOC_DBG_G_CHIP_IDENT</constant> fails with an &EINVAL;.</para>
+
+    <para>On success, the <structfield>ident</structfield> field will
+contain a chip ID from the Linux
+<filename>media/v4l2-chip-ident.h</filename> header file, and the
+<structfield>revision</structfield> field will contain a driver
+specific value, or zero if no particular revision is associated with
+this chip.</para>
+
+    <para>When the driver could not identify the selected chip,
+<structfield>ident</structfield> will contain
+<constant>V4L2_IDENT_UNKNOWN</constant>. When no chip matched
+the ioctl will succeed but the
+<structfield>ident</structfield> field will contain
+<constant>V4L2_IDENT_NONE</constant>. If multiple chips matched,
+<structfield>ident</structfield> will contain
+<constant>V4L2_IDENT_AMBIGUOUS</constant>. In all these cases the
+<structfield>revision</structfield> field remains unchanged.</para>
+
+    <para>This ioctl is optional, not all drivers may support it. It
+was introduced in Linux 2.6.21, but the API was changed to the
+one described here in 2.6.29.</para>
+
+    <para>We recommended the <application>v4l2-dbg</application>
+utility over calling this ioctl directly. It is available from the
+LinuxTV v4l-dvb repository; see <ulink
+url="http://linuxtv.org/repo/">http://linuxtv.org/repo/</ulink> for
+access instructions.</para>
+
+    <!-- Note for convenience vidioc-dbg-g-register.sgml
+         contains a duplicate of this table. -->
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="ident-v4l2-dbg-match">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_dbg_match</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="4">
+        &cs-ustr;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>See <xref linkend="ident-chip-match-types" /> for a list of
+possible types.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>union</entry>
+            <entry>(anonymous)</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>addr</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Match a chip by this number, interpreted according
+to the <structfield>type</structfield> field.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>char</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>name[32]</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Match a chip by this name, interpreted according
+to the <structfield>type</structfield> field.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-dbg-chip-ident">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_dbg_chip_ident</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>struct v4l2_dbg_match</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>match</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>How to match the chip, see <xref linkend="ident-v4l2-dbg-match" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>ident</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>A chip identifier as defined in the Linux
+<filename>media/v4l2-chip-ident.h</filename> header file, or one of
+the values from <xref linkend="chip-ids" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>revision</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>A chip revision, chip and driver specific.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <!-- Note for convenience vidioc-dbg-g-register.sgml
+         contains a duplicate of this table. -->
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="ident-chip-match-types">
+      <title>Chip Match Types</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_HOST</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>Match the nth chip on the card, zero for the
+            host chip. Does not match &i2c; chips.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_I2C_DRIVER</constant></entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>Match an &i2c; chip by its driver name.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_I2C_ADDR</constant></entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>Match a chip by its 7 bit &i2c; bus address.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_AC97</constant></entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>Match the nth anciliary AC97 chip.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <!-- This is an anonymous enum in media/v4l2-chip-ident.h. -->
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="chip-ids">
+      <title>Chip Identifiers</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_IDENT_NONE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>No chip matched.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_IDENT_AMBIGUOUS</constant></entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>Multiple chips matched.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_IDENT_UNKNOWN</constant></entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>A chip is present at this address, but the driver
+could not identify it.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The driver does not support this ioctl, or the
+<structfield>match_type</structfield> is invalid.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+     </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-dbg-g-register.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-dbg-g-register.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..980c7f3e2fd6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-dbg-g-register.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,275 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-dbg-g-register">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_DBG_G_REGISTER, VIDIOC_DBG_S_REGISTER</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_DBG_G_REGISTER</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_DBG_S_REGISTER</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Read or write hardware registers</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_dbg_register *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>const struct v4l2_dbg_register
+*<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_DBG_G_REGISTER, VIDIOC_DBG_S_REGISTER</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <note>
+      <title>Experimental</title>
+
+      <para>This is an <link linkend="experimental">experimental</link>
+interface and may change in the future.</para>
+    </note>
+
+    <para>For driver debugging purposes these ioctls allow test
+applications to access hardware registers directly. Regular
+applications must not use them.</para>
+
+    <para>Since writing or even reading registers can jeopardize the
+system security, its stability and damage the hardware, both ioctls
+require superuser privileges. Additionally the Linux kernel must be
+compiled with the <constant>CONFIG_VIDEO_ADV_DEBUG</constant> option
+to enable these ioctls.</para>
+
+    <para>To write a register applications must initialize all fields
+of a &v4l2-dbg-register; and call
+<constant>VIDIOC_DBG_S_REGISTER</constant> with a pointer to this
+structure. The <structfield>match.type</structfield> and
+<structfield>match.addr</structfield> or <structfield>match.name</structfield>
+fields select a chip on the TV
+card, the <structfield>reg</structfield> field specifies a register
+number and the <structfield>val</structfield> field the value to be
+written into the register.</para>
+
+    <para>To read a register applications must initialize the
+<structfield>match.type</structfield>,
+<structfield>match.chip</structfield> or <structfield>match.name</structfield> and
+<structfield>reg</structfield> fields, and call
+<constant>VIDIOC_DBG_G_REGISTER</constant> with a pointer to this
+structure. On success the driver stores the register value in the
+<structfield>val</structfield> field. On failure the structure remains
+unchanged.</para>
+
+    <para>When <structfield>match.type</structfield> is
+<constant>V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_HOST</constant>,
+<structfield>match.addr</structfield> selects the nth non-&i2c; chip
+on the TV card.  The number zero always selects the host chip, &eg; the
+chip connected to the PCI or USB bus. You can find out which chips are
+present with the &VIDIOC-DBG-G-CHIP-IDENT; ioctl.</para>
+
+    <para>When <structfield>match.type</structfield> is
+<constant>V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_I2C_DRIVER</constant>,
+<structfield>match.name</structfield> contains the I2C driver name.
+For instance
+<constant>"saa7127"</constant> will match any chip
+supported by the saa7127 driver, regardless of its &i2c; bus address.
+When multiple chips supported by the same driver are present, the
+effect of these ioctls is undefined. Again with the
+&VIDIOC-DBG-G-CHIP-IDENT; ioctl you can find out which &i2c; chips are
+present.</para>
+
+    <para>When <structfield>match.type</structfield> is
+<constant>V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_I2C_ADDR</constant>,
+<structfield>match.addr</structfield> selects a chip by its 7 bit &i2c;
+bus address.</para>
+
+    <para>When <structfield>match.type</structfield> is
+<constant>V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_AC97</constant>,
+<structfield>match.addr</structfield> selects the nth AC97 chip
+on the TV card.</para>
+
+    <note>
+      <title>Success not guaranteed</title>
+
+      <para>Due to a flaw in the Linux &i2c; bus driver these ioctls may
+return successfully without actually reading or writing a register. To
+catch the most likely failure we recommend a &VIDIOC-DBG-G-CHIP-IDENT;
+call confirming the presence of the selected &i2c; chip.</para>
+    </note>
+
+    <para>These ioctls are optional, not all drivers may support them.
+However when a driver supports these ioctls it must also support
+&VIDIOC-DBG-G-CHIP-IDENT;. Conversely it may support
+<constant>VIDIOC_DBG_G_CHIP_IDENT</constant> but not these ioctls.</para>
+
+    <para><constant>VIDIOC_DBG_G_REGISTER</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_DBG_S_REGISTER</constant> were introduced in Linux
+2.6.21, but their API was changed to the one described here in kernel 2.6.29.</para>
+
+    <para>We recommended the <application>v4l2-dbg</application>
+utility over calling these ioctls directly. It is available from the
+LinuxTV v4l-dvb repository; see <ulink
+url="http://linuxtv.org/repo/">http://linuxtv.org/repo/</ulink> for
+access instructions.</para>
+
+    <!-- Note for convenience vidioc-dbg-g-chip-ident.sgml
+         contains a duplicate of this table. -->
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-dbg-match">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_dbg_match</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="4">
+        &cs-ustr;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>See <xref linkend="ident-chip-match-types" /> for a list of
+possible types.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>union</entry>
+            <entry>(anonymous)</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>addr</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Match a chip by this number, interpreted according
+to the <structfield>type</structfield> field.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>char</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>name[32]</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Match a chip by this name, interpreted according
+to the <structfield>type</structfield> field.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-dbg-register">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_dbg_register</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="4">
+        <colspec colname="c1" />
+        <colspec colname="c2" />
+        <colspec colname="c4" />
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>struct v4l2_dbg_match</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>match</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>How to match the chip, see <xref linkend="v4l2-dbg-match" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u64</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reg</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>A register number.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u64</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>val</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The value read from, or to be written into the
+register.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <!-- Note for convenience vidioc-dbg-g-chip-ident.sgml
+         contains a duplicate of this table. -->
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="chip-match-types">
+      <title>Chip Match Types</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_HOST</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>Match the nth chip on the card, zero for the
+            host chip. Does not match &i2c; chips.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_I2C_DRIVER</constant></entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>Match an &i2c; chip by its driver name.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_I2C_ADDR</constant></entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>Match a chip by its 7 bit &i2c; bus address.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_AC97</constant></entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>Match the nth anciliary AC97 chip.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The driver does not support this ioctl, or the kernel
+was not compiled with the <constant>CONFIG_VIDEO_ADV_DEBUG</constant>
+option, or the <structfield>match_type</structfield> is invalid, or the
+selected chip or register does not exist.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EPERM</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Insufficient permissions. Root privileges are required
+to execute these ioctls.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-encoder-cmd.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-encoder-cmd.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b0dde943825c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-encoder-cmd.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-encoder-cmd">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_ENCODER_CMD, VIDIOC_TRY_ENCODER_CMD</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_ENCODER_CMD</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_TRY_ENCODER_CMD</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Execute an encoder command</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_encoder_cmd *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_ENCODER_CMD, VIDIOC_TRY_ENCODER_CMD</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <note>
+      <title>Experimental</title>
+
+      <para>This is an <link linkend="experimental">experimental</link>
+interface and may change in the future.</para>
+    </note>
+
+    <para>These ioctls control an audio/video (usually MPEG-) encoder.
+<constant>VIDIOC_ENCODER_CMD</constant> sends a command to the
+encoder, <constant>VIDIOC_TRY_ENCODER_CMD</constant> can be used to
+try a command without actually executing it.</para>
+
+    <para>To send a command applications must initialize all fields of a
+    &v4l2-encoder-cmd; and call
+    <constant>VIDIOC_ENCODER_CMD</constant> or
+    <constant>VIDIOC_TRY_ENCODER_CMD</constant> with a pointer to this
+    structure.</para>
+
+    <para>The <structfield>cmd</structfield> field must contain the
+command code. The <structfield>flags</structfield> field is currently
+only used by the STOP command and contains one bit: If the
+<constant>V4L2_ENC_CMD_STOP_AT_GOP_END</constant> flag is set,
+encoding will continue until the end of the current <wordasword>Group
+Of Pictures</wordasword>, otherwise it will stop immediately.</para>
+
+    <para>A <function>read</function>() call sends a START command to
+the encoder if it has not been started yet. After a STOP command,
+<function>read</function>() calls will read the remaining data
+buffered by the driver. When the buffer is empty,
+<function>read</function>() will return zero and the next
+<function>read</function>() call will restart the encoder.</para>
+
+    <para>A <function>close</function>() call sends an immediate STOP
+to the encoder, and all buffered data is discarded.</para>
+
+    <para>These ioctls are optional, not all drivers may support
+them. They were introduced in Linux 2.6.21.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-encoder-cmd">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_encoder_cmd</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>cmd</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The encoder command, see <xref linkend="encoder-cmds" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>flags</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Flags to go with the command, see <xref
+                linkend="encoder-flags" />. If no flags are defined for
+this command, drivers and applications must set this field to
+zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>data</structfield>[8]</entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions. Drivers and
+applications must set the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="encoder-cmds">
+      <title>Encoder Commands</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_ENC_CMD_START</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>Start the encoder. When the encoder is already
+running or paused, this command does nothing. No flags are defined for
+this command.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_ENC_CMD_STOP</constant></entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>Stop the encoder. When the
+<constant>V4L2_ENC_CMD_STOP_AT_GOP_END</constant> flag is set,
+encoding will continue until the end of the current <wordasword>Group
+Of Pictures</wordasword>, otherwise encoding will stop immediately.
+When the encoder is already stopped, this command does
+nothing.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_ENC_CMD_PAUSE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>Pause the encoder. When the encoder has not been
+started yet, the driver will return an &EPERM;. When the encoder is
+already paused, this command does nothing. No flags are defined for
+this command.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_ENC_CMD_RESUME</constant></entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>Resume encoding after a PAUSE command. When the
+encoder has not been started yet, the driver will return an &EPERM;.
+When the encoder is already running, this command does nothing. No
+flags are defined for this command.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="encoder-flags">
+      <title>Encoder Command Flags</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_ENC_CMD_STOP_AT_GOP_END</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0001</entry>
+            <entry>Stop encoding at the end of the current <wordasword>Group Of
+Pictures</wordasword>, rather than immediately.</entry>
+          </row>
+       </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The driver does not support this ioctl, or the
+<structfield>cmd</structfield> field is invalid.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EPERM</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The application sent a PAUSE or RESUME command when
+the encoder was not running.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enum-fmt.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enum-fmt.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..960d44615ca6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enum-fmt.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-enum-fmt">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Enumerate image formats</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_fmtdesc
+*<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To enumerate image formats applications initialize the
+<structfield>type</structfield> and <structfield>index</structfield>
+field of &v4l2-fmtdesc; and call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT</constant> ioctl with a pointer to this
+structure. Drivers fill the rest of the structure or return an
+&EINVAL;. All formats are enumerable by beginning at index zero and
+incrementing by one until <errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode> is
+returned.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-fmtdesc">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_fmtdesc</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>index</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Number of the format in the enumeration, set by
+the application. This is in no way related to the <structfield>
+pixelformat</structfield> field.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-buf-type;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Type of the data stream, set by the application.
+Only these types are valid here:
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OVERLAY</constant>, and custom (driver
+defined) types with code <constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_PRIVATE</constant>
+and higher.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>flags</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>See <xref linkend="fmtdesc-flags" /></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>description</structfield>[32]</entry>
+            <entry>Description of the format, a NUL-terminated ASCII
+string. This information is intended for the user, for example: "YUV
+4:2:2".</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>pixelformat</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The image format identifier. This is a
+four character code as computed by the v4l2_fourcc()
+macro:</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="hspan"><para><programlisting id="v4l2-fourcc">
+#define v4l2_fourcc(a,b,c,d) (((__u32)(a)&lt;&lt;0)|((__u32)(b)&lt;&lt;8)|((__u32)(c)&lt;&lt;16)|((__u32)(d)&lt;&lt;24))
+</programlisting></para><para>Several image formats are already
+defined by this specification in <xref linkend="pixfmt" />. Note these
+codes are not the same as those used in the Windows world.</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[4]</entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions. Drivers must set
+the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="fmtdesc-flags">
+      <title>Image Format Description Flags</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FMT_FLAG_COMPRESSED</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0001</entry>
+            <entry>This is a compressed format.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FMT_FLAG_EMULATED</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0002</entry>
+            <entry>This format is not native to the device but emulated
+through software (usually libv4l2), where possible try to use a native format
+instead for better performance.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-fmtdesc; <structfield>type</structfield>
+is not supported or the <structfield>index</structfield> is out of
+bounds.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enum-frameintervals.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enum-frameintervals.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..3c216e113a54
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enum-frameintervals.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,270 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-enum-frameintervals">
+
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMEINTERVALS</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMEINTERVALS</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Enumerate frame intervals</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_frmivalenum *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMEINTERVALS</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Pointer to a &v4l2-frmivalenum; structure that
+contains a pixel format and size and receives a frame interval.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>This ioctl allows applications to enumerate all frame
+intervals that the device supports for the given pixel format and
+frame size.</para>
+    <para>The supported pixel formats and frame sizes can be obtained
+by using the &VIDIOC-ENUM-FMT; and &VIDIOC-ENUM-FRAMESIZES;
+functions.</para>
+    <para>The return value and the content of the
+<structfield>v4l2_frmivalenum.type</structfield> field depend on the
+type of frame intervals the device supports. Here are the semantics of
+the function for the different cases:</para>
+    <itemizedlist>
+      <listitem>
+        <para><emphasis role="bold">Discrete:</emphasis> The function
+returns success if the given index value (zero-based) is valid. The
+application should increase the index by one for each call until
+<constant>EINVAL</constant> is returned. The `v4l2_frmivalenum.type`
+field is set to `V4L2_FRMIVAL_TYPE_DISCRETE` by the driver. Of the
+union only the `discrete` member is valid.</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para><emphasis role="bold">Step-wise:</emphasis> The function
+returns success if the given index value is zero and
+<constant>EINVAL</constant> for any other index value. The
+<structfield>v4l2_frmivalenum.type</structfield> field is set to
+<constant>V4L2_FRMIVAL_TYPE_STEPWISE</constant> by the driver. Of the
+union only the <structfield>stepwise</structfield> member is
+valid.</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para><emphasis role="bold">Continuous:</emphasis> This is a
+special case of the step-wise type above. The function returns success
+if the given index value is zero and <constant>EINVAL</constant> for
+any other index value. The
+<structfield>v4l2_frmivalenum.type</structfield> field is set to
+<constant>V4L2_FRMIVAL_TYPE_CONTINUOUS</constant> by the driver. Of
+the union only the <structfield>stepwise</structfield> member is valid
+and the <structfield>step</structfield> value is set to 1.</para>
+      </listitem>
+    </itemizedlist>
+
+    <para>When the application calls the function with index zero, it
+must check the <structfield>type</structfield> field to determine the
+type of frame interval enumeration the device supports. Only for the
+<constant>V4L2_FRMIVAL_TYPE_DISCRETE</constant> type does it make
+sense to increase the index value to receive more frame
+intervals.</para>
+    <para>Note that the order in which the frame intervals are
+returned has no special meaning. In particular does it not say
+anything about potential default frame intervals.</para>
+    <para>Applications can assume that the enumeration data does not
+change without any interaction from the application itself. This means
+that the enumeration data is consistent if the application does not
+perform any other ioctl calls while it runs the frame interval
+enumeration.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Notes</title>
+
+    <itemizedlist>
+      <listitem>
+        <para><emphasis role="bold">Frame intervals and frame
+rates:</emphasis> The V4L2 API uses frame intervals instead of frame
+rates. Given the frame interval the frame rate can be computed as
+follows:<screen>frame_rate = 1 / frame_interval</screen></para>
+      </listitem>
+    </itemizedlist>
+
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Structs</title>
+
+    <para>In the structs below, <emphasis>IN</emphasis> denotes a
+value that has to be filled in by the application,
+<emphasis>OUT</emphasis> denotes values that the driver fills in. The
+application should zero out all members except for the
+<emphasis>IN</emphasis> fields.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-frmival-stepwise">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_frmival_stepwise</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-fract;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>min</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Minimum frame interval [s].</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-fract;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>max</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Maximum frame interval [s].</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-fract;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>step</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Frame interval step size [s].</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-frmivalenum">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_frmivalenum</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="4">
+        <colspec colname="c1" />
+        <colspec colname="c2" />
+        <colspec colname="c3" />
+        <colspec colname="c4" />
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>index</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>IN: Index of the given frame interval in the
+enumeration.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>pixel_format</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>IN: Pixel format for which the frame intervals are
+enumerated.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>width</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>IN: Frame width for which the frame intervals are
+enumerated.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>height</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>IN: Frame height for which the frame intervals are
+enumerated.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>OUT: Frame interval type the device supports.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>union</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>OUT: Frame interval with the given index.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>&v4l2-fract;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>discrete</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Frame interval [s].</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>&v4l2-frmival-stepwise;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>stepwise</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved[2]</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Reserved space for future use.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Enums</title>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-frmivaltypes">
+      <title>enum <structname>v4l2_frmivaltypes</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FRMIVAL_TYPE_DISCRETE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>Discrete frame interval.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FRMIVAL_TYPE_CONTINUOUS</constant></entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>Continuous frame interval.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FRMIVAL_TYPE_STEPWISE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>Step-wise defined frame interval.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <para>See the description section above for a list of return
+values that <varname>errno</varname> can have.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enum-framesizes.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enum-framesizes.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..6afa4542c818
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enum-framesizes.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,282 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-enum-framesizes">
+
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMESIZES</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMESIZES</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Enumerate frame sizes</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_frmsizeenum *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMESIZES</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Pointer to a &v4l2-frmsizeenum; that contains an index
+and pixel format and receives a frame width and height.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <note>
+      <title>Experimental</title>
+
+      <para>This is an <link linkend="experimental">experimental</link>
+interface and may change in the future.</para>
+    </note>
+
+    <para>This ioctl allows applications to enumerate all frame sizes
+(&ie; width and height in pixels) that the device supports for the
+given pixel format.</para>
+    <para>The supported pixel formats can be obtained by using the
+&VIDIOC-ENUM-FMT; function.</para>
+    <para>The return value and the content of the
+<structfield>v4l2_frmsizeenum.type</structfield> field depend on the
+type of frame sizes the device supports. Here are the semantics of the
+function for the different cases:</para>
+
+    <itemizedlist>
+      <listitem>
+        <para><emphasis role="bold">Discrete:</emphasis> The function
+returns success if the given index value (zero-based) is valid. The
+application should increase the index by one for each call until
+<constant>EINVAL</constant> is returned. The
+<structfield>v4l2_frmsizeenum.type</structfield> field is set to
+<constant>V4L2_FRMSIZE_TYPE_DISCRETE</constant> by the driver. Of the
+union only the <structfield>discrete</structfield> member is
+valid.</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para><emphasis role="bold">Step-wise:</emphasis> The function
+returns success if the given index value is zero and
+<constant>EINVAL</constant> for any other index value. The
+<structfield>v4l2_frmsizeenum.type</structfield> field is set to
+<constant>V4L2_FRMSIZE_TYPE_STEPWISE</constant> by the driver. Of the
+union only the <structfield>stepwise</structfield> member is
+valid.</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para><emphasis role="bold">Continuous:</emphasis> This is a
+special case of the step-wise type above. The function returns success
+if the given index value is zero and <constant>EINVAL</constant> for
+any other index value. The
+<structfield>v4l2_frmsizeenum.type</structfield> field is set to
+<constant>V4L2_FRMSIZE_TYPE_CONTINUOUS</constant> by the driver. Of
+the union only the <structfield>stepwise</structfield> member is valid
+and the <structfield>step_width</structfield> and
+<structfield>step_height</structfield> values are set to 1.</para>
+      </listitem>
+    </itemizedlist>
+
+    <para>When the application calls the function with index zero, it
+must check the <structfield>type</structfield> field to determine the
+type of frame size enumeration the device supports. Only for the
+<constant>V4L2_FRMSIZE_TYPE_DISCRETE</constant> type does it make
+sense to increase the index value to receive more frame sizes.</para>
+    <para>Note that the order in which the frame sizes are returned
+has no special meaning. In particular does it not say anything about
+potential default format sizes.</para>
+    <para>Applications can assume that the enumeration data does not
+change without any interaction from the application itself. This means
+that the enumeration data is consistent if the application does not
+perform any other ioctl calls while it runs the frame size
+enumeration.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Structs</title>
+
+    <para>In the structs below, <emphasis>IN</emphasis> denotes a
+value that has to be filled in by the application,
+<emphasis>OUT</emphasis> denotes values that the driver fills in. The
+application should zero out all members except for the
+<emphasis>IN</emphasis> fields.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-frmsize-discrete">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_frmsize_discrete</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>width</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Width of the frame [pixel].</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>height</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Height of the frame [pixel].</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-frmsize-stepwise">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_frmsize_stepwise</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>min_width</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Minimum frame width [pixel].</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>max_width</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Maximum frame width [pixel].</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>step_width</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Frame width step size [pixel].</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>min_height</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Minimum frame height [pixel].</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>max_height</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Maximum frame height [pixel].</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>step_height</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Frame height step size [pixel].</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-frmsizeenum">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_frmsizeenum</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="4">
+        <colspec colname="c1" />
+        <colspec colname="c2" />
+        <colspec colname="c3" />
+        <colspec colname="c4" />
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>index</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>IN: Index of the given frame size in the enumeration.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>pixel_format</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>IN: Pixel format for which the frame sizes are enumerated.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>OUT: Frame size type the device supports.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>union</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>OUT: Frame size with the given index.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>&v4l2-frmsize-discrete;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>discrete</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>&v4l2-frmsize-stepwise;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>stepwise</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved[2]</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Reserved space for future use.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Enums</title>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-frmsizetypes">
+      <title>enum <structname>v4l2_frmsizetypes</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FRMSIZE_TYPE_DISCRETE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>Discrete frame size.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FRMSIZE_TYPE_CONTINUOUS</constant></entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>Continuous frame size.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FRMSIZE_TYPE_STEPWISE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>Step-wise defined frame size.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <para>See the description section above for a list of return
+values that <varname>errno</varname> can have.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enumaudio.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enumaudio.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..9ae8f2d3a96f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enumaudio.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-enumaudio">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_ENUMAUDIO</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_ENUMAUDIO</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Enumerate audio inputs</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_audio *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_ENUMAUDIO</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To query the attributes of an audio input applications
+initialize the <structfield>index</structfield> field and zero out the
+<structfield>reserved</structfield> array of a &v4l2-audio;
+and call the <constant>VIDIOC_ENUMAUDIO</constant> ioctl with a pointer
+to this structure. Drivers fill the rest of the structure or return an
+&EINVAL; when the index is out of bounds. To enumerate all audio
+inputs applications shall begin at index zero, incrementing by one
+until the driver returns <errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode>.</para>
+
+    <para>See <xref linkend="vidioc-g-audio" /> for a description of
+&v4l2-audio;.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The number of the audio input is out of bounds, or
+there are no audio inputs at all and this ioctl is not
+supported.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enumaudioout.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enumaudioout.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..d3d7c0ab17b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enumaudioout.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-enumaudioout">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_ENUMAUDOUT</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_ENUMAUDOUT</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Enumerate audio outputs</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_audioout *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_ENUMAUDOUT</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To query the attributes of an audio output applications
+initialize the <structfield>index</structfield> field and zero out the
+<structfield>reserved</structfield> array of a &v4l2-audioout; and
+call the <constant>VIDIOC_G_AUDOUT</constant> ioctl with a pointer
+to this structure. Drivers fill the rest of the structure or return an
+&EINVAL; when the index is out of bounds. To enumerate all audio
+outputs applications shall begin at index zero, incrementing by one
+until the driver returns <errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode>.</para>
+
+    <para>Note connectors on a TV card to loop back the received audio
+signal to a sound card are not audio outputs in this sense.</para>
+
+    <para>See <xref linkend="vidioc-g-audioout" /> for a description of
+&v4l2-audioout;.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The number of the audio output is out of bounds, or
+there are no audio outputs at all and this ioctl is not
+supported.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enuminput.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enuminput.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..414856b82473
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enuminput.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,287 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-enuminput">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_ENUMINPUT</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_ENUMINPUT</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Enumerate video inputs</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_input
+*<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_ENUMINPUT</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To query the attributes of a video input applications
+initialize the <structfield>index</structfield> field of &v4l2-input;
+and call the <constant>VIDIOC_ENUMINPUT</constant> ioctl with a
+pointer to this structure. Drivers fill the rest of the structure or
+return an &EINVAL; when the index is out of bounds. To enumerate all
+inputs applications shall begin at index zero, incrementing by one
+until the driver returns <errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode>.</para>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-input">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_input</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>index</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Identifies the input, set by the
+application.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>name</structfield>[32]</entry>
+            <entry>Name of the video input, a NUL-terminated ASCII
+string, for example: "Vin (Composite 2)". This information is intended
+for the user, preferably the connector label on the device itself.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Type of the input, see <xref
+                linkend="input-type" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>audioset</structfield></entry>
+            <entry><para>Drivers can enumerate up to 32 video and
+audio inputs. This field shows which audio inputs were selectable as
+audio source if this was the currently selected video input. It is a
+bit mask. The LSB corresponds to audio input 0, the MSB to input 31.
+Any number of bits can be set, or none.</para><para>When the driver
+does not enumerate audio inputs no bits must be set. Applications
+shall not interpret this as lack of audio support. Some drivers
+automatically select audio sources and do not enumerate them since
+there is no choice anyway.</para><para>For details on audio inputs and
+how to select the current input see <xref
+                  linkend="audio" />.</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>tuner</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Capture devices can have zero or more tuners (RF
+demodulators). When the <structfield>type</structfield> is set to
+<constant>V4L2_INPUT_TYPE_TUNER</constant> this is an RF connector and
+this field identifies the tuner. It corresponds to
+&v4l2-tuner; field <structfield>index</structfield>. For details on
+tuners see <xref linkend="tuner" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-std-id;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>std</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Every video input supports one or more different
+video standards. This field is a set of all supported standards. For
+details on video standards and how to switch see <xref
+linkend="standard" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>status</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>This field provides status information about the
+input. See <xref linkend="input-status" /> for flags.
+With the exception of the sensor orientation bits <structfield>status</structfield> is only valid when this is the
+current input.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[4]</entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions. Drivers must set
+the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="input-type">
+      <title>Input Types</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_INPUT_TYPE_TUNER</constant></entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>This input uses a tuner (RF demodulator).</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_INPUT_TYPE_CAMERA</constant></entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>Analog baseband input, for example CVBS /
+Composite Video, S-Video, RGB.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <!-- Status flags based on proposal by Mark McClelland,
+video4linux-list@redhat.com on 18 Oct 2002, subject "Re: [V4L] Re:
+v4l2 api". "Why are some of them inverted? So that the driver doesn't
+have to lie about the status in cases where it can't tell one way or
+the other. Plus, a status of zero would generally mean that everything
+is OK." -->
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="input-status">
+      <title>Input Status Flags</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        <colspec colname="c1" />
+        <colspec colname="c2" align="center" />
+        <colspec colname="c3" />
+        <spanspec namest="c1" nameend="c3" spanname="hspan"
+          align="left" />
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">General</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_IN_ST_NO_POWER</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00000001</entry>
+            <entry>Attached device is off.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_IN_ST_NO_SIGNAL</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00000002</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_IN_ST_NO_COLOR</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00000004</entry>
+            <entry>The hardware supports color decoding, but does not
+detect color modulation in the signal.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">Sensor Orientation</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_IN_ST_HFLIP</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00000010</entry>
+            <entry>The input is connected to a device that produces a signal
+that is flipped horizontally and does not correct this before passing the
+signal to userspace.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_IN_ST_VFLIP</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00000020</entry>
+            <entry>The input is connected to a device that produces a signal
+that is flipped vertically and does not correct this before passing the
+signal to userspace. Note that a 180 degree rotation is the same as HFLIP | VFLIP</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">Analog Video</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_IN_ST_NO_H_LOCK</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00000100</entry>
+            <entry>No horizontal sync lock.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_IN_ST_COLOR_KILL</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00000200</entry>
+            <entry>A color killer circuit automatically disables color
+decoding when it detects no color modulation. When this flag is set
+the color killer is enabled <emphasis>and</emphasis> has shut off
+color decoding.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">Digital Video</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_IN_ST_NO_SYNC</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00010000</entry>
+            <entry>No synchronization lock.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_IN_ST_NO_EQU</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00020000</entry>
+            <entry>No equalizer lock.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_IN_ST_NO_CARRIER</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00040000</entry>
+            <entry>Carrier recovery failed.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">VCR and Set-Top Box</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_IN_ST_MACROVISION</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x01000000</entry>
+            <entry>Macrovision is an analog copy prevention system
+mangling the video signal to confuse video recorders. When this
+flag is set Macrovision has been detected.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_IN_ST_NO_ACCESS</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x02000000</entry>
+            <entry>Conditional access denied.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_IN_ST_VTR</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x04000000</entry>
+            <entry>VTR time constant. [?]</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-input; <structfield>index</structfield> is
+out of bounds.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enumoutput.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enumoutput.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e8d16dcd50cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enumoutput.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-enumoutput">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_ENUMOUTPUT</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_ENUMOUTPUT</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Enumerate video outputs</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_output *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_ENUMOUTPUT</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To query the attributes of a video outputs applications
+initialize the <structfield>index</structfield> field of &v4l2-output;
+and call the <constant>VIDIOC_ENUMOUTPUT</constant> ioctl with a
+pointer to this structure. Drivers fill the rest of the structure or
+return an &EINVAL; when the index is out of bounds. To enumerate all
+outputs applications shall begin at index zero, incrementing by one
+until the driver returns <errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode>.</para>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-output">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_output</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>index</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Identifies the output, set by the
+application.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>name</structfield>[32]</entry>
+            <entry>Name of the video output, a NUL-terminated ASCII
+string, for example: "Vout". This information is intended for the
+user, preferably the connector label on the device itself.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Type of the output, see <xref
+                linkend="output-type" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>audioset</structfield></entry>
+            <entry><para>Drivers can enumerate up to 32 video and
+audio outputs. This field shows which audio outputs were
+selectable as the current output if this was the currently selected
+video output. It is a bit mask. The LSB corresponds to audio output 0,
+the MSB to output 31. Any number of bits can be set, or
+none.</para><para>When the driver does not enumerate audio outputs no
+bits must be set. Applications shall not interpret this as lack of
+audio support. Drivers may automatically select audio outputs without
+enumerating them.</para><para>For details on audio outputs and how to
+select the current output see <xref linkend="audio" />.</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>modulator</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Output devices can have zero or more RF modulators.
+When the <structfield>type</structfield> is
+<constant>V4L2_OUTPUT_TYPE_MODULATOR</constant> this is an RF
+connector and this field identifies the modulator. It corresponds to
+&v4l2-modulator; field <structfield>index</structfield>. For details
+on modulators see <xref linkend="tuner" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-std-id;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>std</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Every video output supports one or more different
+video standards. This field is a set of all supported standards. For
+details on video standards and how to switch see <xref
+                linkend="standard" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[4]</entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions. Drivers must set
+the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="output-type">
+      <title>Output Type</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_OUTPUT_TYPE_MODULATOR</constant></entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>This output is an analog TV modulator.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_OUTPUT_TYPE_ANALOG</constant></entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>Analog baseband output, for example Composite /
+CVBS, S-Video, RGB.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_OUTPUT_TYPE_ANALOGVGAOVERLAY</constant></entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>[?]</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+  </refsect1>
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-output; <structfield>index</structfield>
+is out of bounds.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enumstd.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enumstd.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..95803fe2c8e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enumstd.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,391 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-enumstd">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_ENUMSTD</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_ENUMSTD</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Enumerate supported video standards</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_standard *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_ENUMSTD</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To query the attributes of a video standard,
+especially a custom (driver defined) one, applications initialize the
+<structfield>index</structfield> field of &v4l2-standard; and call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_ENUMSTD</constant> ioctl with a pointer to this
+structure. Drivers fill the rest of the structure or return an
+&EINVAL; when the index is out of bounds. To enumerate all standards
+applications shall begin  at index zero, incrementing by one until the
+driver returns <errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode>. Drivers may enumerate a
+different set of standards after switching the video input or
+output.<footnote>
+        <para>The supported standards may overlap and we need an
+unambiguous set to find the current standard returned by
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_STD</constant>.</para>
+      </footnote></para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-standard">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_standard</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>index</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Number of the video standard, set by the
+application.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-std-id;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>id</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The bits in this field identify the standard as
+one of the common standards listed in <xref linkend="v4l2-std-id" />,
+or if bits 32 to 63 are set as custom standards. Multiple bits can be
+set if the hardware does not distinguish between these standards,
+however separate indices do not indicate the opposite. The
+<structfield>id</structfield> must be unique. No other enumerated
+<structname>v4l2_standard</structname> structure, for this input or
+output anyway, can contain the same set of bits.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>name</structfield>[24]</entry>
+            <entry>Name of the standard, a NUL-terminated ASCII
+string, for example: "PAL-B/G", "NTSC Japan". This information is
+intended for the user.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-fract;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>frameperiod</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The frame period (not field period) is numerator
+/ denominator. For example M/NTSC has a frame period of 1001 /
+30000 seconds.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>framelines</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Total lines per frame including blanking,
+e.&nbsp;g. 625 for B/PAL.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[4]</entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions. Drivers must set
+the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-fract">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_fract</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>numerator</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>denominator</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-std-id">
+      <title>typedef <structname>v4l2_std_id</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u64</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>v4l2_std_id</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>This type is a set, each bit representing another
+video standard as listed below and in <xref
+linkend="video-standards" />. The 32 most significant bits are reserved
+for custom (driver defined) video standards.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <para><programlisting>
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_B          ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000001)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_B1         ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000002)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_G          ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000004)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_H          ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000008)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_I          ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000010)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_D          ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000020)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_D1         ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000040)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_K          ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000080)
+
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_M          ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000100)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_N          ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000200)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_Nc         ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000400)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_60         ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000800)
+</programlisting></para><para><constant>V4L2_STD_PAL_60</constant> is
+a hybrid standard with 525 lines, 60 Hz refresh rate, and PAL color
+modulation with a 4.43 MHz color subcarrier. Some PAL video recorders
+can play back NTSC tapes in this mode for display on a 50/60 Hz agnostic
+PAL TV.</para><para><programlisting>
+#define V4L2_STD_NTSC_M         ((v4l2_std_id)0x00001000)
+#define V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_JP      ((v4l2_std_id)0x00002000)
+#define V4L2_STD_NTSC_443       ((v4l2_std_id)0x00004000)
+</programlisting></para><para><constant>V4L2_STD_NTSC_443</constant>
+is a hybrid standard with 525 lines, 60 Hz refresh rate, and NTSC
+color modulation with a 4.43 MHz color
+subcarrier.</para><para><programlisting>
+#define V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_KR      ((v4l2_std_id)0x00008000)
+
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_B        ((v4l2_std_id)0x00010000)
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_D        ((v4l2_std_id)0x00020000)
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_G        ((v4l2_std_id)0x00040000)
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_H        ((v4l2_std_id)0x00080000)
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_K        ((v4l2_std_id)0x00100000)
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_K1       ((v4l2_std_id)0x00200000)
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_L        ((v4l2_std_id)0x00400000)
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_LC       ((v4l2_std_id)0x00800000)
+
+/* ATSC/HDTV */
+#define V4L2_STD_ATSC_8_VSB     ((v4l2_std_id)0x01000000)
+#define V4L2_STD_ATSC_16_VSB    ((v4l2_std_id)0x02000000)
+</programlisting></para><para><!-- ATSC proposal by Mark McClelland,
+video4linux-list@redhat.com on 17 Oct 2002
+--><constant>V4L2_STD_ATSC_8_VSB</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_STD_ATSC_16_VSB</constant> are U.S. terrestrial digital
+TV standards. Presently the V4L2 API does not support digital TV. See
+also the Linux DVB API at <ulink
+url="http://linuxtv.org">http://linuxtv.org</ulink>.</para>
+<para><programlisting>
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_BG         (V4L2_STD_PAL_B         |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_B1        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_G)
+#define V4L2_STD_B              (V4L2_STD_PAL_B         |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_B1        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_B)
+#define V4L2_STD_GH             (V4L2_STD_PAL_G         |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_H         |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_G       |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_H)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_DK         (V4L2_STD_PAL_D         |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_D1        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_K)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL            (V4L2_STD_PAL_BG        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_DK        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_H         |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_I)
+#define V4L2_STD_NTSC           (V4L2_STD_NTSC_M        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_JP     |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_KR)
+#define V4L2_STD_MN             (V4L2_STD_PAL_M         |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_N         |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_Nc        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_NTSC)
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_DK       (V4L2_STD_SECAM_D       |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_K       |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_K1)
+#define V4L2_STD_DK             (V4L2_STD_PAL_DK        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_DK)
+
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM          (V4L2_STD_SECAM_B       |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_G       |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_H       |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_DK      |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_L       |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_LC)
+
+#define V4L2_STD_525_60         (V4L2_STD_PAL_M         |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_60        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_NTSC          |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_NTSC_443)
+#define V4L2_STD_625_50         (V4L2_STD_PAL           |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_N         |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_Nc        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM)
+
+#define V4L2_STD_UNKNOWN        0
+#define V4L2_STD_ALL            (V4L2_STD_525_60        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_625_50)
+</programlisting></para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" id="video-standards" orient="land">
+      <title>Video Standards (based on [<xref linkend="itu470" />])</title>
+      <tgroup cols="12" colsep="1" rowsep="1" align="center">
+        <colspec colname="c1" align="left" />
+        <colspec colname="c2" />
+        <colspec colname="c3" />
+        <colspec colname="c4" />
+        <colspec colname="c5" />
+        <colspec colnum="7" colname="c7" />
+        <colspec colnum="9" colname="c9" />
+        <colspec colnum="12" colname="c12" />
+        <spanspec namest="c2" nameend="c3" spanname="m" align="center" />
+        <spanspec namest="c4" nameend="c12" spanname="x" align="center" />
+        <spanspec namest="c5" nameend="c7" spanname="b" align="center" />
+        <spanspec namest="c9" nameend="c12" spanname="s" align="center" />
+        <thead>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Characteristics</entry>
+            <entry><para>M/NTSC<footnote><para>Japan uses a standard
+similar to M/NTSC
+(V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_JP).</para></footnote></para></entry>
+            <entry>M/PAL</entry>
+            <entry><para>N/PAL<footnote><para> The values in
+brackets apply to the combination N/PAL a.k.a.
+N<subscript>C</subscript> used in Argentina
+(V4L2_STD_PAL_Nc).</para></footnote></para></entry>
+            <entry align="center">B, B1, G/PAL</entry>
+            <entry align="center">D, D1, K/PAL</entry>
+            <entry align="center">H/PAL</entry>
+            <entry align="center">I/PAL</entry>
+            <entry align="center">B, G/SECAM</entry>
+            <entry align="center">D, K/SECAM</entry>
+            <entry align="center">K1/SECAM</entry>
+            <entry align="center">L/SECAM</entry>
+          </row>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>Frame lines</entry>
+            <entry spanname="m">525</entry>
+            <entry spanname="x">625</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Frame period (s)</entry>
+            <entry spanname="m">1001/30000</entry>
+            <entry spanname="x">1/25</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Chrominance sub-carrier frequency (Hz)</entry>
+            <entry>3579545 &plusmn;&nbsp;10</entry>
+            <entry>3579611.49 &plusmn;&nbsp;10</entry>
+            <entry>4433618.75 &plusmn;&nbsp;5 (3582056.25
+&plusmn;&nbsp;5)</entry>
+            <entry spanname="b">4433618.75 &plusmn;&nbsp;5</entry>
+            <entry>4433618.75 &plusmn;&nbsp;1</entry>
+            <entry spanname="s">f<subscript>OR</subscript>&nbsp;=
+4406250 &plusmn;&nbsp;2000, f<subscript>OB</subscript>&nbsp;= 4250000
+&plusmn;&nbsp;2000</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Nominal radio-frequency channel bandwidth
+(MHz)</entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>B: 7; B1, G: 8</entry>
+            <entry>8</entry>
+            <entry>8</entry>
+            <entry>8</entry>
+            <entry>8</entry>
+            <entry>8</entry>
+            <entry>8</entry>
+            <entry>8</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Sound carrier relative to vision carrier
+(MHz)</entry>
+            <entry>+&nbsp;4.5</entry>
+            <entry>+&nbsp;4.5</entry>
+            <entry>+&nbsp;4.5</entry>
+            <entry><para>+&nbsp;5.5 &plusmn;&nbsp;0.001
+<footnote><para>In the Federal Republic of Germany, Austria, Italy,
+the Netherlands, Slovakia and Switzerland a system of two sound
+carriers is used, the frequency of the second carrier being
+242.1875&nbsp;kHz above the frequency of the first sound carrier. For
+stereophonic sound transmissions a similar system is used in
+Australia.</para></footnote> <footnote><para>New Zealand uses a sound
+carrier displaced 5.4996 &plusmn;&nbsp;0.0005 MHz from the vision
+carrier.</para></footnote> <footnote><para>In Denmark, Finland, New
+Zealand, Sweden and Spain a system of two sound carriers is used. In
+Iceland, Norway and Poland the same system is being introduced. The
+second carrier is 5.85&nbsp;MHz above the vision carrier and is DQPSK
+modulated with 728&nbsp;kbit/s sound and data multiplex. (NICAM
+system)</para></footnote> <footnote><para>In the United Kingdom, a
+system of two sound carriers is used. The second sound carrier is
+6.552&nbsp;MHz above the vision carrier and is DQPSK modulated with a
+728&nbsp;kbit/s sound and data multiplex able to carry two sound
+channels. (NICAM system)</para></footnote></para></entry>
+            <entry>+&nbsp;6.5 &plusmn;&nbsp;0.001</entry>
+            <entry>+&nbsp;5.5</entry>
+            <entry>+&nbsp;5.9996 &plusmn;&nbsp;0.0005</entry>
+            <entry>+&nbsp;5.5 &plusmn;&nbsp;0.001</entry>
+            <entry>+&nbsp;6.5 &plusmn;&nbsp;0.001</entry>
+            <entry>+&nbsp;6.5</entry>
+            <entry><para>+&nbsp;6.5 <footnote><para>In France, a
+digital carrier 5.85 MHz away from the vision carrier may be used in
+addition to the main sound carrier. It is modulated in differentially
+encoded QPSK with a 728 kbit/s sound and data multiplexer capable of
+carrying two sound channels. (NICAM
+system)</para></footnote></para></entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-standard; <structfield>index</structfield>
+is out of bounds.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-audio.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-audio.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..65361a8c2b05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-audio.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-audio">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_AUDIO, VIDIOC_S_AUDIO</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_AUDIO</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_S_AUDIO</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Query or select the current audio input and its
+attributes</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_audio *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>const struct v4l2_audio *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_AUDIO, VIDIOC_S_AUDIO</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To query the current audio input applications zero out the
+<structfield>reserved</structfield> array of a &v4l2-audio;
+and call the <constant>VIDIOC_G_AUDIO</constant> ioctl with a pointer
+to this structure. Drivers fill the rest of the structure or return an
+&EINVAL; when the device has no audio inputs, or none which combine
+with the current video input.</para>
+
+    <para>Audio inputs have one writable property, the audio mode. To
+select the current audio input <emphasis>and</emphasis> change the
+audio mode, applications initialize the
+<structfield>index</structfield> and <structfield>mode</structfield>
+fields, and the
+<structfield>reserved</structfield> array of a
+<structname>v4l2_audio</structname> structure and call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_AUDIO</constant> ioctl. Drivers may switch to a
+different audio mode if the request cannot be satisfied. However, this
+is a write-only ioctl, it does not return the actual new audio
+mode.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-audio">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_audio</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>index</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Identifies the audio input, set by the
+driver or application.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>name</structfield>[32]</entry>
+            <entry>Name of the audio input, a NUL-terminated ASCII
+string, for example: "Line In". This information is intended for the
+user, preferably the connector label on the device itself.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>capability</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Audio capability flags, see <xref
+                linkend="audio-capability" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>mode</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Audio mode flags set by drivers and applications (on
+            <constant>VIDIOC_S_AUDIO</constant> ioctl), see <xref linkend="audio-mode" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[2]</entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions. Drivers and
+applications must set the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="audio-capability">
+      <title>Audio Capability Flags</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_AUDCAP_STEREO</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00001</entry>
+            <entry>This is a stereo input. The flag is intended to
+automatically disable stereo recording etc. when the signal is always
+monaural. The API provides no means to detect if stereo is
+<emphasis>received</emphasis>, unless the audio input belongs to a
+tuner.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_AUDCAP_AVL</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00002</entry>
+            <entry>Automatic Volume Level mode is supported.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="audio-mode">
+      <title>Audio Mode Flags</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_AUDMODE_AVL</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00001</entry>
+            <entry>AVL mode is on.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>No audio inputs combine with the current video input,
+or the number of the selected audio input is out of bounds or it does
+not combine, or there are no audio inputs at all and the ioctl is not
+supported.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>I/O is in progress, the input cannot be
+switched.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-audioout.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-audioout.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..3632730c5c6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-audioout.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-audioout">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_AUDOUT, VIDIOC_S_AUDOUT</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_AUDOUT</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_S_AUDOUT</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Query or select the current audio output</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_audioout *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>const struct v4l2_audioout *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_AUDOUT, VIDIOC_S_AUDOUT</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To query the current audio output applications zero out the
+<structfield>reserved</structfield> array of a &v4l2-audioout; and
+call the <constant>VIDIOC_G_AUDOUT</constant> ioctl with a pointer
+to this structure. Drivers fill the rest of the structure or return an
+&EINVAL; when the device has no audio inputs, or none which combine
+with the current video output.</para>
+
+    <para>Audio outputs have no writable properties. Nevertheless, to
+select the current audio output applications can initialize the
+<structfield>index</structfield> field and
+<structfield>reserved</structfield> array (which in the future may
+contain writable properties) of a
+<structname>v4l2_audioout</structname> structure and call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_AUDOUT</constant> ioctl. Drivers switch to the
+requested output or return the &EINVAL; when the index is out of
+bounds. This is a write-only ioctl, it does not return the current
+audio output attributes as <constant>VIDIOC_G_AUDOUT</constant>
+does.</para>
+
+    <para>Note connectors on a TV card to loop back the received audio
+signal to a sound card are not audio outputs in this sense.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-audioout">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_audioout</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>index</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Identifies the audio output, set by the
+driver or application.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>name</structfield>[32]</entry>
+            <entry>Name of the audio output, a NUL-terminated ASCII
+string, for example: "Line Out". This information is intended for the
+user, preferably the connector label on the device itself.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>capability</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Audio capability flags, none defined yet. Drivers
+must set this field to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>mode</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Audio mode, none defined yet. Drivers and
+applications (on <constant>VIDIOC_S_AUDOUT</constant>) must set this
+field to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[2]</entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions. Drivers and
+applications must set the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>No audio outputs combine with the current video
+output, or the number of the selected audio output is out of bounds or
+it does not combine, or there are no audio outputs at all and the
+ioctl is not supported.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>I/O is in progress, the output cannot be
+switched.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-crop.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-crop.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..d235b1dedbed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-crop.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-crop">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_CROP, VIDIOC_S_CROP</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_CROP</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_S_CROP</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Get or set the current cropping rectangle</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_crop *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>const struct v4l2_crop *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_CROP, VIDIOC_S_CROP</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To query the cropping rectangle size and position
+applications set the <structfield>type</structfield> field of a
+<structname>v4l2_crop</structname> structure to the respective buffer
+(stream) type and call the <constant>VIDIOC_G_CROP</constant> ioctl
+with a pointer to this structure. The driver fills the rest of the
+structure or returns the &EINVAL; if cropping is not supported.</para>
+
+    <para>To change the cropping rectangle applications initialize the
+<structfield>type</structfield> and &v4l2-rect; substructure named
+<structfield>c</structfield> of a v4l2_crop structure and call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_CROP</constant> ioctl with a pointer to this
+structure.</para>
+
+    <para>The driver first adjusts the requested dimensions against
+hardware limits, &ie; the bounds given by the capture/output window,
+and it rounds to the closest possible values of horizontal and
+vertical offset, width and height. In particular the driver must round
+the vertical offset of the cropping rectangle to frame lines modulo
+two, such that the field order cannot be confused.</para>
+
+    <para>Second the driver adjusts the image size (the opposite
+rectangle of the scaling process, source or target depending on the
+data direction) to the closest size possible while maintaining the
+current horizontal and vertical scaling factor.</para>
+
+    <para>Finally the driver programs the hardware with the actual
+cropping and image parameters. <constant>VIDIOC_S_CROP</constant> is a
+write-only ioctl, it does not return the actual parameters. To query
+them applications must call <constant>VIDIOC_G_CROP</constant> and
+&VIDIOC-G-FMT;. When the parameters are unsuitable the application may
+modify the cropping or image parameters and repeat the cycle until
+satisfactory parameters have been negotiated.</para>
+
+    <para>When cropping is not supported then no parameters are
+changed and <constant>VIDIOC_S_CROP</constant> returns the
+&EINVAL;.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-crop">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_crop</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-buf-type;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Type of the data stream, set by the application.
+Only these types are valid here: <constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OVERLAY</constant>, and custom (driver
+defined) types with code <constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_PRIVATE</constant>
+and higher.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-rect;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>c</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Cropping rectangle. The same co-ordinate system as
+for &v4l2-cropcap; <structfield>bounds</structfield> is used.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Cropping is not supported.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-ctrl.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-ctrl.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..8b5e6ff7f3df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-ctrl.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-ctrl">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_CTRL, VIDIOC_S_CTRL</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_CTRL</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_S_CTRL</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Get or set the value of a control</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_control
+*<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_CTRL, VIDIOC_S_CTRL</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To get the current value of a control applications
+initialize the <structfield>id</structfield> field of a struct
+<structname>v4l2_control</structname> and call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_CTRL</constant> ioctl with a pointer to this
+structure. To change the value of a control applications initialize
+the <structfield>id</structfield> and <structfield>value</structfield>
+fields of a struct <structname>v4l2_control</structname> and call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_CTRL</constant> ioctl.</para>
+
+    <para>When the <structfield>id</structfield> is invalid drivers
+return an &EINVAL;. When the <structfield>value</structfield> is out
+of bounds drivers can choose to take the closest valid value or return
+an &ERANGE;, whatever seems more appropriate. However,
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_CTRL</constant> is a write-only ioctl, it does not
+return the actual new value.</para>
+
+    <para>These ioctls work only with user controls. For other
+control classes the &VIDIOC-G-EXT-CTRLS;, &VIDIOC-S-EXT-CTRLS; or
+&VIDIOC-TRY-EXT-CTRLS; must be used.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-control">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_control</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>id</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Identifies the control, set by the
+application.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__s32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>value</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>New value or current value.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-control; <structfield>id</structfield> is
+invalid.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>ERANGE</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-control; <structfield>value</structfield>
+is out of bounds.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The control is temporarily not changeable, possibly
+because another applications took over control of the device function
+this control belongs to.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-enc-index.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-enc-index.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..9f242e4b2948
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-enc-index.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-enc-index">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_ENC_INDEX</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_ENC_INDEX</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Get meta data about a compressed video stream</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_enc_idx *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_ENC_INDEX</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <note>
+      <title>Experimental</title>
+
+      <para>This is an <link linkend="experimental">experimental</link>
+interface and may change in the future.</para>
+    </note>
+
+    <para>The <constant>VIDIOC_G_ENC_INDEX</constant> ioctl provides
+meta data about a compressed video stream the same or another
+application currently reads from the driver, which is useful for
+random access into the stream without decoding it.</para>
+
+    <para>To read the data applications must call
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_ENC_INDEX</constant> with a pointer to a
+&v4l2-enc-idx;. On success the driver fills the
+<structfield>entry</structfield> array, stores the number of elements
+written in the <structfield>entries</structfield> field, and
+initializes the <structfield>entries_cap</structfield> field.</para>
+
+    <para>Each element of the <structfield>entry</structfield> array
+contains meta data about one picture. A
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_ENC_INDEX</constant> call reads up to
+<constant>V4L2_ENC_IDX_ENTRIES</constant> entries from a driver
+buffer, which can hold up to <structfield>entries_cap</structfield>
+entries. This number can be lower or higher than
+<constant>V4L2_ENC_IDX_ENTRIES</constant>, but not zero. When the
+application fails to read the meta data in time the oldest entries
+will be lost. When the buffer is empty or no capturing/encoding is in
+progress, <structfield>entries</structfield> will be zero.</para>
+
+    <para>Currently this ioctl is only defined for MPEG-2 program
+streams and video elementary streams.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-enc-idx">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_enc_idx</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>entries</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The number of entries the driver stored in the
+<structfield>entry</structfield> array.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>entries_cap</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The number of entries the driver can
+buffer. Must be greater than zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[4]</entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">Reserved for future extensions.
+Drivers must set the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-enc-idx-entry;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>entry</structfield>[<constant>V4L2_ENC_IDX_ENTRIES</constant>]</entry>
+            <entry>Meta data about a compressed video stream. Each
+element of the array corresponds to one picture, sorted in ascending
+order by their <structfield>offset</structfield>.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-enc-idx-entry">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_enc_idx_entry</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u64</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>offset</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The offset in bytes from the beginning of the
+compressed video stream to the beginning of this picture, that is a
+<wordasword>PES packet header</wordasword> as defined in <xref
+            linkend="mpeg2part1" /> or a <wordasword>picture
+header</wordasword> as defined in <xref linkend="mpeg2part2" />. When
+the encoder is stopped, the driver resets the offset to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u64</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>pts</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The 33 bit <wordasword>Presentation Time
+Stamp</wordasword> of this picture as defined in <xref
+                linkend="mpeg2part1" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>length</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The length of this picture in bytes.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>flags</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Flags containing the coding type of this picture, see <xref
+                linkend="enc-idx-flags" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[2]</entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions.
+Drivers must set the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="enc-idx-flags">
+      <title>Index Entry Flags</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_ENC_IDX_FRAME_I</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00</entry>
+            <entry>This is an Intra-coded picture.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_ENC_IDX_FRAME_P</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x01</entry>
+            <entry>This is a Predictive-coded picture.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_ENC_IDX_FRAME_B</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x02</entry>
+            <entry>This is a Bidirectionally predictive-coded
+picture.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_ENC_IDX_FRAME_MASK</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0F</entry>
+            <entry><wordasword>AND</wordasword> the flags field with
+this mask to obtain the picture coding type.</entry>
+          </row>
+       </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The driver does not support this ioctl.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-ext-ctrls.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-ext-ctrls.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..3aa7f8f9ff0c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-ext-ctrls.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,307 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-ext-ctrls">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_EXT_CTRLS, VIDIOC_S_EXT_CTRLS,
+VIDIOC_TRY_EXT_CTRLS</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_EXT_CTRLS</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_S_EXT_CTRLS</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_TRY_EXT_CTRLS</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Get or set the value of several controls, try control
+values</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_ext_controls
+*<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_EXT_CTRLS, VIDIOC_S_EXT_CTRLS,
+VIDIOC_TRY_EXT_CTRLS</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>These ioctls allow the caller to get or set multiple
+controls atomically. Control IDs are grouped into control classes (see
+<xref linkend="ctrl-class" />) and all controls in the control array
+must belong to the same control class.</para>
+
+    <para>Applications must always fill in the
+<structfield>count</structfield>,
+<structfield>ctrl_class</structfield>,
+<structfield>controls</structfield> and
+<structfield>reserved</structfield> fields of &v4l2-ext-controls;, and
+initialize the &v4l2-ext-control; array pointed to by the
+<structfield>controls</structfield> fields.</para>
+
+    <para>To get the current value of a set of controls applications
+initialize the <structfield>id</structfield>,
+<structfield>size</structfield> and <structfield>reserved2</structfield> fields
+of each &v4l2-ext-control; and call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_EXT_CTRLS</constant> ioctl. String controls controls
+must also set the <structfield>string</structfield> field.</para>
+
+    <para>If the <structfield>size</structfield> is too small to
+receive the control result (only relevant for pointer-type controls
+like strings), then the driver will set <structfield>size</structfield>
+to a valid value and return an &ENOSPC;. You should re-allocate the
+string memory to this new size and try again. It is possible that the
+same issue occurs again if the string has grown in the meantime. It is
+recommended to call &VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL; first and use
+<structfield>maximum</structfield>+1 as the new <structfield>size</structfield>
+value. It is guaranteed that that is sufficient memory.
+</para>
+
+    <para>To change the value of a set of controls applications
+initialize the <structfield>id</structfield>, <structfield>size</structfield>,
+<structfield>reserved2</structfield> and
+<structfield>value/string</structfield> fields of each &v4l2-ext-control; and
+call the <constant>VIDIOC_S_EXT_CTRLS</constant> ioctl. The controls
+will only be set if <emphasis>all</emphasis> control values are
+valid.</para>
+
+    <para>To check if a set of controls have correct values applications
+initialize the <structfield>id</structfield>, <structfield>size</structfield>,
+<structfield>reserved2</structfield> and
+<structfield>value/string</structfield> fields of each &v4l2-ext-control; and
+call the <constant>VIDIOC_TRY_EXT_CTRLS</constant> ioctl. It is up to
+the driver whether wrong values are automatically adjusted to a valid
+value or if an error is returned.</para>
+
+    <para>When the <structfield>id</structfield> or
+<structfield>ctrl_class</structfield> is invalid drivers return an
+&EINVAL;. When the value is out of bounds drivers can choose to take
+the closest valid value or return an &ERANGE;, whatever seems more
+appropriate. In the first case the new value is set in
+&v4l2-ext-control;.</para>
+
+    <para>The driver will only set/get these controls if all control
+values are correct. This prevents the situation where only some of the
+controls were set/get. Only low-level errors (&eg; a failed i2c
+command) can still cause this situation.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-ext-control">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_ext_control</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="4">
+        &cs-ustr;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>id</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Identifies the control, set by the
+application.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>size</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>The total size in bytes of the payload of this
+control. This is normally 0, but for pointer controls this should be
+set to the size of the memory containing the payload, or that will
+receive the payload. If <constant>VIDIOC_G_EXT_CTRLS</constant> finds
+that this value is less than is required to store
+the payload result, then it is set to a value large enough to store the
+payload result and ENOSPC is returned. Note that for string controls
+this <structfield>size</structfield> field should not be confused with the length of the string.
+This field refers to the size of the memory that contains the string.
+The actual <emphasis>length</emphasis> of the string may well be much smaller.
+</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved2</structfield>[1]</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions. Drivers and
+applications must set the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>union</entry>
+            <entry>(anonymous)</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>__s32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>value</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>New value or current value.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>__s64</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>value64</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>New value or current value.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>char *</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>string</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>A pointer to a string.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-ext-controls">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_ext_controls</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>ctrl_class</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The control class to which all controls belong, see
+<xref linkend="ctrl-class" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>count</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The number of controls in the controls array. May
+also be zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>error_idx</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Set by the driver in case of an error. It is the
+index of the control causing the error or equal to 'count' when the
+error is not associated with a particular control. Undefined when the
+ioctl returns 0 (success).</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[2]</entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions. Drivers and
+applications must set the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-ext-control; *</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>controls</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Pointer to an array of
+<structfield>count</structfield> v4l2_ext_control structures. Ignored
+if <structfield>count</structfield> equals zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="ctrl-class">
+      <title>Control classes</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_USER</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x980000</entry>
+            <entry>The class containing user controls. These controls
+are described in <xref linkend="control" />. All controls that can be set
+using the &VIDIOC-S-CTRL; and &VIDIOC-G-CTRL; ioctl belong to this
+class.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_MPEG</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x990000</entry>
+            <entry>The class containing MPEG compression controls.
+These controls are described in <xref
+                linkend="mpeg-controls" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_CAMERA</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x9a0000</entry>
+            <entry>The class containing camera controls.
+These controls are described in <xref
+                linkend="camera-controls" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_FM_TX</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x9b0000</entry>
+            <entry>The class containing FM Transmitter (FM TX) controls.
+These controls are described in <xref
+                linkend="fm-tx-controls" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-ext-control; <structfield>id</structfield>
+is invalid or the &v4l2-ext-controls;
+<structfield>ctrl_class</structfield> is invalid. This error code is
+also returned by the <constant>VIDIOC_S_EXT_CTRLS</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_TRY_EXT_CTRLS</constant> ioctls if two or more
+control values are in conflict.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>ERANGE</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-ext-control; <structfield>value</structfield>
+is out of bounds.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The control is temporarily not changeable, possibly
+because another applications took over control of the device function
+this control belongs to.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>ENOSPC</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The space reserved for the control's payload is insufficient.
+The field <structfield>size</structfield> is set to a value that is enough
+to store the payload and this error code is returned.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-fbuf.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-fbuf.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..f7017062656e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-fbuf.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,456 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-fbuf">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_FBUF, VIDIOC_S_FBUF</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_FBUF</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_S_FBUF</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Get or set frame buffer overlay parameters</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_framebuffer *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>const struct v4l2_framebuffer *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_FBUF, VIDIOC_S_FBUF</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>Applications can use the <constant>VIDIOC_G_FBUF</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FBUF</constant> ioctl to get and set the
+framebuffer parameters for a <link linkend="overlay">Video
+Overlay</link> or <link linkend="osd">Video Output Overlay</link>
+(OSD). The type of overlay is implied by the device type (capture or
+output device) and can be determined with the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl.
+One <filename>/dev/videoN</filename> device must not support both
+kinds of overlay.</para>
+
+    <para>The V4L2 API distinguishes destructive and non-destructive
+overlays. A destructive overlay copies captured video images into the
+video memory of a graphics card. A non-destructive overlay blends
+video images into a VGA signal or graphics into a video signal.
+<wordasword>Video Output Overlays</wordasword> are always
+non-destructive.</para>
+
+    <para>To get the current parameters applications call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_FBUF</constant> ioctl with a pointer to a
+<structname>v4l2_framebuffer</structname> structure. The driver fills
+all fields of the structure or returns an &EINVAL; when overlays are
+not supported.</para>
+
+    <para>To set the parameters for a <wordasword>Video Output
+Overlay</wordasword>, applications must initialize the
+<structfield>flags</structfield> field of a struct
+<structname>v4l2_framebuffer</structname>. Since the framebuffer is
+implemented on the TV card all other parameters are determined by the
+driver. When an application calls <constant>VIDIOC_S_FBUF</constant>
+with a pointer to this structure, the driver prepares for the overlay
+and returns the framebuffer parameters as
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_FBUF</constant> does, or it returns an error
+code.</para>
+
+    <para>To set the parameters for a <wordasword>non-destructive
+Video Overlay</wordasword>, applications must initialize the
+<structfield>flags</structfield> field, the
+<structfield>fmt</structfield> substructure, and call
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FBUF</constant>. Again the driver prepares for the
+overlay and returns the framebuffer parameters as
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_FBUF</constant> does, or it returns an error
+code.</para>
+
+    <para>For a <wordasword>destructive Video Overlay</wordasword>
+applications must additionally provide a
+<structfield>base</structfield> address. Setting up a DMA to a
+random memory location can jeopardize the system security, its
+stability or even damage the hardware, therefore only the superuser
+can set the parameters for a destructive video overlay.</para>
+
+    <!-- NB v4l2_pix_format is also specified in pixfmt.sgml.-->
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-framebuffer">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_framebuffer</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="4">
+        &cs-ustr;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>capability</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Overlay capability flags set by the driver, see
+<xref linkend="framebuffer-cap" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>flags</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Overlay control flags set by application and
+driver, see <xref linkend="framebuffer-flags" /></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>void *</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>base</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Physical base address of the framebuffer,
+that is the address of the pixel in the top left corner of the
+framebuffer.<footnote><para>A physical base address may not suit all
+platforms. GK notes in theory we should pass something like PCI device
++ memory region + offset instead. If you encounter problems please
+discuss on the linux-media mailing list: &v4l-ml;.</para></footnote></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>This field is irrelevant to
+<wordasword>non-destructive Video Overlays</wordasword>. For
+<wordasword>destructive Video Overlays</wordasword> applications must
+provide a base address. The driver may accept only base addresses
+which are a multiple of two, four or eight bytes. For
+<wordasword>Video Output Overlays</wordasword> the driver must return
+a valid base address, so applications can find the corresponding Linux
+framebuffer device (see <xref linkend="osd" />).</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-pix-format;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>fmt</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Layout of the frame buffer. The
+<structname>v4l2_pix_format</structname> structure is defined in <xref
+linkend="pixfmt" />, for clarification the fields and acceptable values
+            are listed below:</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>width</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Width of the frame buffer in pixels.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>height</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Height of the frame buffer in pixels.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>pixelformat</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The pixel format of the
+framebuffer.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>For <wordasword>non-destructive Video
+Overlays</wordasword> this field only defines a format for the
+&v4l2-window; <structfield>chromakey</structfield> field.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>For <wordasword>destructive Video
+Overlays</wordasword> applications must initialize this field. For
+<wordasword>Video Output Overlays</wordasword> the driver must return
+a valid format.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Usually this is an RGB format (for example
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB565"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB565</constant></link>)
+but YUV formats (only packed YUV formats when chroma keying is used,
+not including <constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_UYVY</constant>) and the
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_PAL8</constant> format are also permitted. The
+behavior of the driver when an application requests a compressed
+format is undefined. See <xref linkend="pixfmt" /> for information on
+pixel formats.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>&v4l2-field;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>field</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Drivers and applications shall ignore this field.
+If applicable, the field order is selected with the &VIDIOC-S-FMT;
+ioctl, using the <structfield>field</structfield> field of
+&v4l2-window;.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>bytesperline</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Distance in bytes between the leftmost pixels in
+two adjacent lines.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="hspan"><para>This field is irrelevant to
+<wordasword>non-destructive Video
+Overlays</wordasword>.</para><para>For <wordasword>destructive Video
+Overlays</wordasword> both applications and drivers can set this field
+to request padding bytes at the end of each line. Drivers however may
+ignore the requested value, returning <structfield>width</structfield>
+times bytes-per-pixel or a larger value required by the hardware. That
+implies applications can just set this field to zero to get a
+reasonable default.</para><para>For <wordasword>Video Output
+Overlays</wordasword> the driver must return a valid
+value.</para><para>Video hardware may access padding bytes, therefore
+they must reside in accessible memory. Consider for example the case
+where padding bytes after the last line of an image cross a system
+page boundary. Capture devices may write padding bytes, the value is
+undefined. Output devices ignore the contents of padding
+bytes.</para><para>When the image format is planar the
+<structfield>bytesperline</structfield> value applies to the largest
+plane and is divided by the same factor as the
+<structfield>width</structfield> field for any smaller planes. For
+example the Cb and Cr planes of a YUV 4:2:0 image have half as many
+padding bytes following each line as the Y plane. To avoid ambiguities
+drivers must return a <structfield>bytesperline</structfield> value
+rounded up to a multiple of the scale factor.</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>sizeimage</structfield></entry>
+            <entry><para>This field is irrelevant to
+<wordasword>non-destructive Video Overlays</wordasword>. For
+<wordasword>destructive Video Overlays</wordasword> applications must
+initialize this field. For <wordasword>Video Output
+Overlays</wordasword> the driver must return a valid
+format.</para><para>Together with <structfield>base</structfield> it
+defines the framebuffer memory accessible by the
+driver.</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>&v4l2-colorspace;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>colorspace</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>This information supplements the
+<structfield>pixelformat</structfield> and must be set by the driver,
+see <xref linkend="colorspaces" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>priv</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for additional information about custom
+(driver defined) formats. When not used drivers and applications must
+set this field to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="framebuffer-cap">
+      <title>Frame Buffer Capability Flags</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FBUF_CAP_EXTERNOVERLAY</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0001</entry>
+            <entry>The device is capable of non-destructive overlays.
+When the driver clears this flag, only destructive overlays are
+supported. There are no drivers yet which support both destructive and
+non-destructive overlays.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FBUF_CAP_CHROMAKEY</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0002</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports clipping by chroma-keying the
+images. That is, image pixels replace pixels in the VGA or video
+signal only where the latter assume a certain color. Chroma-keying
+makes no sense for destructive overlays.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FBUF_CAP_LIST_CLIPPING</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0004</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports clipping using a list of clip
+rectangles.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FBUF_CAP_BITMAP_CLIPPING</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0008</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports clipping using a bit mask.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FBUF_CAP_LOCAL_ALPHA</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0010</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports clipping/blending using the
+alpha channel of the framebuffer or VGA signal. Alpha blending makes
+no sense for destructive overlays.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FBUF_CAP_GLOBAL_ALPHA</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0020</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports alpha blending using a global
+alpha value. Alpha blending makes no sense for destructive overlays.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FBUF_CAP_LOCAL_INV_ALPHA</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0040</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports clipping/blending using the
+inverted alpha channel of the framebuffer or VGA signal. Alpha
+blending makes no sense for destructive overlays.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="framebuffer-flags">
+      <title>Frame Buffer Flags</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_PRIMARY</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0001</entry>
+            <entry>The framebuffer is the primary graphics surface.
+In other words, the overlay is destructive. [?]</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_OVERLAY</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0002</entry>
+            <entry>The frame buffer is an overlay surface the same
+size as the capture. [?]</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">The purpose of
+<constant>V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_PRIMARY</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_OVERLAY</constant> was never quite clear.
+Most drivers seem to ignore these flags. For compatibility with the
+<wordasword>bttv</wordasword> driver applications should set the
+<constant>V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_OVERLAY</constant> flag.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_CHROMAKEY</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0004</entry>
+            <entry>Use chroma-keying. The chroma-key color is
+determined by the <structfield>chromakey</structfield> field of
+&v4l2-window; and negotiated with the &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl, see <xref
+                linkend="overlay" />
+and
+            <xref linkend="osd" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">There are no flags to enable
+clipping using a list of clip rectangles or a bitmap. These methods
+are negotiated with the &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl, see <xref
+                linkend="overlay" /> and <xref linkend="osd" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_LOCAL_ALPHA</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0008</entry>
+            <entry>Use the alpha channel of the framebuffer to clip or
+blend framebuffer pixels with video images. The blend
+function is: output = framebuffer pixel * alpha + video pixel * (1 -
+alpha). The actual alpha depth depends on the framebuffer pixel
+format.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_GLOBAL_ALPHA</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0010</entry>
+            <entry>Use a global alpha value to blend the framebuffer
+with video images. The blend function is: output = (framebuffer pixel
+* alpha + video pixel * (255 - alpha)) / 255. The alpha value is
+determined by the <structfield>global_alpha</structfield> field of
+&v4l2-window; and negotiated with the &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl, see <xref
+                linkend="overlay" />
+and <xref linkend="osd" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_LOCAL_INV_ALPHA</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0020</entry>
+            <entry>Like
+<constant>V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_LOCAL_ALPHA</constant>, use the alpha channel
+of the framebuffer to clip or blend framebuffer pixels with video
+images, but with an inverted alpha value. The blend function is:
+output = framebuffer pixel * (1 - alpha) + video pixel * alpha. The
+actual alpha depth depends on the framebuffer pixel format.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EPERM</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para><constant>VIDIOC_S_FBUF</constant> can only be called
+by a privileged user to negotiate the parameters for a destructive
+overlay.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The framebuffer parameters cannot be changed at this
+time because overlay is already enabled, or capturing is enabled
+and the hardware cannot capture and overlay simultaneously.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The ioctl is not supported or the
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FBUF</constant> parameters are unsuitable.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-fmt.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-fmt.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..7c7d1b72c40d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-fmt.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-fmt">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_FMT, VIDIOC_S_FMT,
+VIDIOC_TRY_FMT</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_FMT</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_S_FMT</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_TRY_FMT</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Get or set the data format, try a format</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_format
+*<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_FMT, VIDIOC_S_FMT, VIDIOC_TRY_FMT</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>These ioctls are used to negotiate the format of data
+(typically image format) exchanged between driver and
+application.</para>
+
+    <para>To query the current parameters applications set the
+<structfield>type</structfield> field of a struct
+<structname>v4l2_format</structname> to the respective buffer (stream)
+type. For example video capture devices use
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant>. When the application
+calls the <constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant> ioctl with a pointer to
+this structure the driver fills the respective member of the
+<structfield>fmt</structfield> union. In case of video capture devices
+that is the &v4l2-pix-format; <structfield>pix</structfield> member.
+When the requested buffer type is not supported drivers return an
+&EINVAL;.</para>
+
+    <para>To change the current format parameters applications
+initialize the <structfield>type</structfield> field and all
+fields of the respective <structfield>fmt</structfield>
+union member. For details see the documentation of the various devices
+types in <xref linkend="devices" />. Good practice is to query the
+current parameters first, and to
+modify only those parameters not suitable for the application. When
+the application calls the <constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> ioctl
+with a pointer to a <structname>v4l2_format</structname> structure
+the driver checks
+and adjusts the parameters against hardware abilities. Drivers
+should not return an error code unless the input is ambiguous, this is
+a mechanism to fathom device capabilities and to approach parameters
+acceptable for both the application and driver. On success the driver
+may program the hardware, allocate resources and generally prepare for
+data exchange.
+Finally the <constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> ioctl returns the
+current format parameters as <constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant> does.
+Very simple, inflexible devices may even ignore all input and always
+return the default parameters. However all V4L2 devices exchanging
+data with the application must implement the
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> ioctl. When the requested buffer
+type is not supported drivers return an &EINVAL; on a
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> attempt. When I/O is already in
+progress or the resource is not available for other reasons drivers
+return the &EBUSY;.</para>
+
+    <para>The <constant>VIDIOC_TRY_FMT</constant> ioctl is equivalent
+to <constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> with one exception: it does not
+change driver state. It can also be called at any time, never
+returning <errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode>. This function is provided to
+negotiate parameters, to learn about hardware limitations, without
+disabling I/O or possibly time consuming hardware preparations.
+Although strongly recommended drivers are not required to implement
+this ioctl.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-format">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_format</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="4">
+        <colspec colname="c1" />
+        <colspec colname="c2" />
+        <colspec colname="c3" />
+        <colspec colname="c4" />
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-buf-type;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Type of the data stream, see <xref
+                linkend="v4l2-buf-type" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>union</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>fmt</structfield></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>&v4l2-pix-format;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>pix</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Definition of an image format, see <xref
+                linkend="pixfmt" />, used by video capture and output
+devices.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>&v4l2-window;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>win</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Definition of an overlaid image, see <xref
+            linkend="overlay" />, used by video overlay devices.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>&v4l2-vbi-format;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>vbi</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Raw VBI capture or output parameters. This is
+discussed in more detail in <xref linkend="raw-vbi" />. Used by raw VBI
+capture and output devices.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>&v4l2-sliced-vbi-format;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>sliced</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Sliced VBI capture or output parameters. See
+<xref linkend="sliced" /> for details. Used by sliced VBI
+capture and output devices.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>raw_data</structfield>[200]</entry>
+            <entry>Place holder for future extensions and custom
+(driver defined) formats with <structfield>type</structfield>
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_PRIVATE</constant> and higher.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The data format cannot be changed at this
+time, for example because I/O is already in progress.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-format; <structfield>type</structfield>
+field is invalid, the requested buffer type not supported, or
+<constant>VIDIOC_TRY_FMT</constant> was called and is not
+supported with this buffer type.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-frequency.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-frequency.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..062d72069090
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-frequency.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-frequency">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_FREQUENCY, VIDIOC_S_FREQUENCY</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_FREQUENCY</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_S_FREQUENCY</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Get or set tuner or modulator radio
+frequency</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_frequency
+*<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>const struct v4l2_frequency
+*<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_FREQUENCY, VIDIOC_S_FREQUENCY</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To get the current tuner or modulator radio frequency
+applications set the <structfield>tuner</structfield> field of a
+&v4l2-frequency; to the respective tuner or modulator number (only
+input devices have tuners, only output devices have modulators), zero
+out the <structfield>reserved</structfield> array and
+call the <constant>VIDIOC_G_FREQUENCY</constant> ioctl with a pointer
+to this structure. The driver stores the current frequency in the
+<structfield>frequency</structfield> field.</para>
+
+    <para>To change the current tuner or modulator radio frequency
+applications initialize the <structfield>tuner</structfield>,
+<structfield>type</structfield> and
+<structfield>frequency</structfield> fields, and the
+<structfield>reserved</structfield> array of a &v4l2-frequency; and
+call the <constant>VIDIOC_S_FREQUENCY</constant> ioctl with a pointer
+to this structure. When the requested frequency is not possible the
+driver assumes the closest possible value. However
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FREQUENCY</constant> is a write-only ioctl, it does
+not return the actual new frequency.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-frequency">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_frequency</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>tuner</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The tuner or modulator index number. This is the
+same value as in the &v4l2-input; <structfield>tuner</structfield>
+field and the &v4l2-tuner; <structfield>index</structfield> field, or
+the &v4l2-output; <structfield>modulator</structfield> field and the
+&v4l2-modulator; <structfield>index</structfield> field.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-tuner-type;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The tuner type. This is the same value as in the
+&v4l2-tuner; <structfield>type</structfield> field. The field is not
+applicable to modulators, &ie; ignored by drivers.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>frequency</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Tuning frequency in units of 62.5 kHz, or if the
+&v4l2-tuner; or &v4l2-modulator; <structfield>capabilities</structfield> flag
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LOW</constant> is set, in units of 62.5
+Hz.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[8]</entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions. Drivers and
+            applications must set the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <structfield>tuner</structfield> index is out of
+bounds or the value in the <structfield>type</structfield> field is
+wrong.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-input.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-input.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..ed076e92760d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-input.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-input">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_INPUT, VIDIOC_S_INPUT</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_INPUT</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_S_INPUT</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Query or select the current video input</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_INPUT, VIDIOC_S_INPUT</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To query the current video input applications call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_INPUT</constant> ioctl with a pointer to an integer
+where the driver stores the number of the input, as in the
+&v4l2-input; <structfield>index</structfield> field. This ioctl will
+fail only when there are no video inputs, returning
+<errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode>.</para>
+
+    <para>To select a video input applications store the number of the
+desired input in an integer and call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_INPUT</constant> ioctl with a pointer to this
+integer. Side effects are possible. For example inputs may support
+different video standards, so the driver may implicitly switch the
+current standard. It is good practice to select an input before
+querying or negotiating any other parameters.</para>
+
+    <para>Information about video inputs is available using the
+&VIDIOC-ENUMINPUT; ioctl.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The number of the video input is out of bounds, or
+there are no video inputs at all and this ioctl is not
+supported.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>I/O is in progress, the input cannot be
+switched.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-jpegcomp.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-jpegcomp.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..77394b287411
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-jpegcomp.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-jpegcomp">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_JPEGCOMP, VIDIOC_S_JPEGCOMP</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_JPEGCOMP</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_S_JPEGCOMP</refname>
+    <refpurpose></refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>v4l2_jpegcompression *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>const v4l2_jpegcompression *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_JPEGCOMP, VIDIOC_S_JPEGCOMP</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>[to do]</para>
+
+    <para>Ronald Bultje elaborates:</para>
+
+    <!-- See video4linux-list@redhat.com on 16 Oct 2002, subject
+"Re: [V4L] Re: v4l2 api / Zoran v4l2_jpegcompression" -->
+
+    <para>APP is some application-specific information. The
+application can set it itself, and it'll be stored in the JPEG-encoded
+fields (eg; interlacing information for in an AVI or so). COM is the
+same, but it's comments, like 'encoded by me' or so.</para>
+
+    <para>jpeg_markers describes whether the huffman tables,
+quantization tables and the restart interval information (all
+JPEG-specific stuff) should be stored in the JPEG-encoded fields.
+These define how the JPEG field is encoded. If you omit them,
+applications assume you've used standard encoding. You usually do want
+to add them.</para>
+
+    <!-- NB VIDIOC_S_JPEGCOMP is w/o. -->
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-jpegcompression">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_jpegcompression</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>int</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>quality</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>int</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>APPn</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>int</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>APP_len</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>char</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>APP_data</structfield>[60]</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>int</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>COM_len</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>char</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>COM_data</structfield>[60]</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>jpeg_markers</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>See <xref linkend="jpeg-markers" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="jpeg-markers">
+      <title>JPEG Markers Flags</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_JPEG_MARKER_DHT</constant></entry>
+            <entry>(1&lt;&lt;3)</entry>
+            <entry>Define Huffman Tables</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_JPEG_MARKER_DQT</constant></entry>
+            <entry>(1&lt;&lt;4)</entry>
+            <entry>Define Quantization Tables</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_JPEG_MARKER_DRI</constant></entry>
+            <entry>(1&lt;&lt;5)</entry>
+            <entry>Define Restart Interval</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_JPEG_MARKER_COM</constant></entry>
+            <entry>(1&lt;&lt;6)</entry>
+            <entry>Comment segment</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_JPEG_MARKER_APP</constant></entry>
+            <entry>(1&lt;&lt;7)</entry>
+            <entry>App segment, driver will always use APP0</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>This ioctl is not supported.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-modulator.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-modulator.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..15ce660f0f5a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-modulator.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,246 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-modulator">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_MODULATOR, VIDIOC_S_MODULATOR</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_MODULATOR</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_S_MODULATOR</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Get or set modulator attributes</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_modulator
+*<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>const struct v4l2_modulator
+*<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_MODULATOR, VIDIOC_S_MODULATOR</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To query the attributes of a modulator applications initialize
+the <structfield>index</structfield> field and zero out the
+<structfield>reserved</structfield> array of a &v4l2-modulator; and
+call the <constant>VIDIOC_G_MODULATOR</constant> ioctl with a pointer
+to this structure. Drivers fill the rest of the structure or return an
+&EINVAL; when the index is out of bounds. To enumerate all modulators
+applications shall begin at index zero, incrementing by one until the
+driver returns <errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode>.</para>
+
+    <para>Modulators have two writable properties, an audio
+modulation set and the radio frequency. To change the modulated audio
+subprograms, applications initialize the <structfield>index
+</structfield> and <structfield>txsubchans</structfield> fields and the
+<structfield>reserved</structfield> array and call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_MODULATOR</constant> ioctl. Drivers may choose a
+different audio modulation if the request cannot be satisfied. However
+this is a write-only ioctl, it does not return the actual audio
+modulation selected.</para>
+
+    <para>To change the radio frequency the &VIDIOC-S-FREQUENCY; ioctl
+is available.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-modulator">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_modulator</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>index</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Identifies the modulator, set by the
+application.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>name</structfield>[32]</entry>
+            <entry>Name of the modulator, a NUL-terminated ASCII
+string. This information is intended for the user.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>capability</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Modulator capability flags. No flags are defined
+for this field, the tuner flags in &v4l2-tuner;
+are used accordingly. The audio flags indicate the ability
+to encode audio subprograms. They will <emphasis>not</emphasis>
+change for example with the current video standard.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>rangelow</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The lowest tunable frequency in units of 62.5
+KHz, or if the <structfield>capability</structfield> flag
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LOW</constant> is set, in units of 62.5
+Hz.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>rangehigh</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The highest tunable frequency in units of 62.5
+KHz, or if the <structfield>capability</structfield> flag
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LOW</constant> is set, in units of 62.5
+Hz.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>txsubchans</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>With this field applications can determine how
+audio sub-carriers shall be modulated. It contains a set of flags as
+defined in <xref linkend="modulator-txsubchans" />. Note the tuner
+<structfield>rxsubchans</structfield> flags are reused, but the
+semantics are different. Video output devices are assumed to have an
+analog or PCM audio input with 1-3 channels. The
+<structfield>txsubchans</structfield> flags select one or more
+channels for modulation, together with some audio subprogram
+indicator, for example a stereo pilot tone.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[4]</entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions. Drivers and
+applications must set the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="modulator-txsubchans">
+      <title>Modulator Audio Transmission Flags</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_MONO</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0001</entry>
+            <entry>Modulate channel 1 as mono audio, when the input
+has more channels, a down-mix of channel 1 and 2. This flag does not
+combine with <constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_STEREO</constant> or
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_LANG1</constant>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_STEREO</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0002</entry>
+            <entry>Modulate channel 1 and 2 as left and right
+channel of a stereo audio signal. When the input has only one channel
+or two channels and <constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_SAP</constant> is also
+set, channel 1 is encoded as left and right channel. This flag does
+not combine with <constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_MONO</constant> or
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_LANG1</constant>. When the driver does not
+support stereo audio it shall fall back to mono.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_LANG1</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0008</entry>
+            <entry>Modulate channel 1 and 2 as primary and secondary
+language of a bilingual audio signal. When the input has only one
+channel it is used for both languages. It is not possible to encode
+the primary or secondary language only. This flag does not combine
+with <constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_MONO</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_STEREO</constant> or
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_SAP</constant>. If the hardware does not
+support the respective audio matrix, or the current video standard
+does not permit bilingual audio the
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_MODULATOR</constant> ioctl shall return an &EINVAL;
+and the driver shall fall back to mono or stereo mode.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_LANG2</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0004</entry>
+            <entry>Same effect as
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_SAP</constant>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_SAP</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0004</entry>
+            <entry>When combined with <constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_MONO
+</constant> the first channel is encoded as mono audio, the last
+channel as Second Audio Program. When the input has only one channel
+it is used for both audio tracks. When the input has three channels
+the mono track is a down-mix of channel 1 and 2. When combined with
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_STEREO</constant> channel 1 and 2 are
+encoded as left and right stereo audio, channel 3 as Second Audio
+Program. When the input has only two channels, the first is encoded as
+left and right channel and the second as SAP. When the input has only
+one channel it is used for all audio tracks. It is not possible to
+encode a Second Audio Program only. This flag must combine with
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_MONO</constant> or
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_STEREO</constant>. If the hardware does not
+support the respective audio matrix, or the current video standard
+does not permit SAP the <constant>VIDIOC_S_MODULATOR</constant> ioctl
+shall return an &EINVAL; and driver shall fall back to mono or stereo
+mode.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_RDS</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0010</entry>
+            <entry>Enable the RDS encoder for a radio FM transmitter.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-modulator;
+<structfield>index</structfield> is out of bounds.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-output.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-output.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..3ea8c0ed812e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-output.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-output">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_OUTPUT, VIDIOC_S_OUTPUT</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_OUTPUT</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_S_OUTPUT</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Query or select the current video output</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_OUTPUT, VIDIOC_S_OUTPUT</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To query the current video output applications call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_OUTPUT</constant> ioctl with a pointer to an integer
+where the driver stores the number of the output, as in the
+&v4l2-output; <structfield>index</structfield> field. This ioctl
+will fail only when there are no video outputs, returning the
+&EINVAL;.</para>
+
+    <para>To select a video output applications store the number of the
+desired output in an integer and call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_OUTPUT</constant> ioctl with a pointer to this integer.
+Side effects are possible. For example outputs may support different
+video standards, so the driver may implicitly switch the current
+standard. It is good practice to select an output before querying or
+negotiating any other parameters.</para>
+
+    <para>Information about video outputs is available using the
+&VIDIOC-ENUMOUTPUT; ioctl.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The number of the video output is out of bounds, or
+there are no video outputs at all and this ioctl is not
+supported.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>I/O is in progress, the output cannot be
+switched.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-parm.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-parm.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..78332d365ce9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-parm.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,332 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-parm">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_PARM, VIDIOC_S_PARM</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_PARM</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_S_PARM</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Get or set streaming parameters</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>v4l2_streamparm *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_PARM, VIDIOC_S_PARM</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>The current video standard determines a nominal number of
+frames per second. If less than this number of frames is to be
+captured or output, applications can request frame skipping or
+duplicating on the driver side. This is especially useful when using
+the <function>read()</function> or <function>write()</function>, which
+are not augmented by timestamps or sequence counters, and to avoid
+unneccessary data copying.</para>
+
+    <para>Further these ioctls can be used to determine the number of
+buffers used internally by a driver in read/write mode. For
+implications see the section discussing the &func-read;
+function.</para>
+
+    <para>To get and set the streaming parameters applications call
+the <constant>VIDIOC_G_PARM</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_PARM</constant> ioctl, respectively. They take a
+pointer to a struct <structname>v4l2_streamparm</structname> which
+contains a union holding separate parameters for input and output
+devices.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-streamparm">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_streamparm</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="4">
+        &cs-ustr;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-buf-type;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>The buffer (stream) type, same as &v4l2-format;
+<structfield>type</structfield>, set by the application.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>union</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>parm</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>&v4l2-captureparm;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>capture</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Parameters for capture devices, used when
+<structfield>type</structfield> is
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>&v4l2-outputparm;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>output</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Parameters for output devices, used when
+<structfield>type</structfield> is
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT</constant>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>raw_data</structfield>[200]</entry>
+            <entry>A place holder for future extensions and custom
+(driver defined) buffer types <constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_PRIVATE</constant> and
+higher.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-captureparm">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_captureparm</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>capability</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>See <xref linkend="parm-caps" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>capturemode</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Set by drivers and applications, see <xref linkend="parm-flags" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-fract;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>timeperframe</structfield></entry>
+            <entry><para>This is is the desired period between
+successive frames captured by the driver, in seconds. The
+field is intended to skip frames on the driver side, saving I/O
+bandwidth.</para><para>Applications store here the desired frame
+period, drivers return the actual frame period, which must be greater
+or equal to the nominal frame period determined by the current video
+standard (&v4l2-standard; <structfield>frameperiod</structfield>
+field). Changing the video standard (also implicitly by switching the
+video input) may reset this parameter to the nominal frame period. To
+reset manually applications can just set this field to
+zero.</para><para>Drivers support this function only when they set the
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_TIMEPERFRAME</constant> flag in the
+<structfield>capability</structfield> field.</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>extendedmode</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Custom (driver specific) streaming parameters. When
+unused, applications and drivers must set this field to zero.
+Applications using this field should check the driver name and
+version, see <xref linkend="querycap" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>readbuffers</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Applications set this field to the desired number
+of buffers used internally by the driver in &func-read; mode. Drivers
+return the actual number of buffers. When an application requests zero
+buffers, drivers should just return the current setting rather than
+the minimum or an error code. For details see <xref
+                linkend="rw" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[4]</entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions. Drivers and
+applications must set the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-outputparm">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_outputparm</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>capability</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>See <xref linkend="parm-caps" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>outputmode</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Set by drivers and applications, see <xref
+            linkend="parm-flags" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-fract;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>timeperframe</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>This is is the desired period between
+successive frames output by the driver, in seconds.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="hspan"><para>The field is intended to
+repeat frames on the driver side in &func-write; mode (in streaming
+mode timestamps can be used to throttle the output), saving I/O
+bandwidth.</para><para>Applications store here the desired frame
+period, drivers return the actual frame period, which must be greater
+or equal to the nominal frame period determined by the current video
+standard (&v4l2-standard; <structfield>frameperiod</structfield>
+field). Changing the video standard (also implicitly by switching the
+video output) may reset this parameter to the nominal frame period. To
+reset manually applications can just set this field to
+zero.</para><para>Drivers support this function only when they set the
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_TIMEPERFRAME</constant> flag in the
+<structfield>capability</structfield> field.</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>extendedmode</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Custom (driver specific) streaming parameters. When
+unused, applications and drivers must set this field to zero.
+Applications using this field should check the driver name and
+version, see <xref linkend="querycap" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>writebuffers</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Applications set this field to the desired number
+of buffers used internally by the driver in
+<function>write()</function> mode. Drivers return the actual number of
+buffers. When an application requests zero buffers, drivers should
+just return the current setting rather than the minimum or an error
+code. For details see <xref linkend="rw" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[4]</entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions. Drivers and
+applications must set the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="parm-caps">
+      <title>Streaming Parameters Capabilites</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_TIMEPERFRAME</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x1000</entry>
+            <entry>The frame skipping/repeating controlled by the
+<structfield>timeperframe</structfield> field is supported.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="parm-flags">
+      <title>Capture Parameters Flags</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_MODE_HIGHQUALITY</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0001</entry>
+            <entry><para>High quality imaging mode. High quality mode
+is intended for still imaging applications. The idea is to get the
+best possible image quality that the hardware can deliver. It is not
+defined how the driver writer may achieve that; it will depend on the
+hardware and the ingenuity of the driver writer. High quality mode is
+a different mode from the the regular motion video capture modes. In
+high quality mode:<itemizedlist>
+                  <listitem>
+                    <para>The driver may be able to capture higher
+resolutions than for motion capture.</para>
+                  </listitem>
+                  <listitem>
+                    <para>The driver may support fewer pixel formats
+than motion capture (eg; true color).</para>
+                  </listitem>
+                  <listitem>
+                    <para>The driver may capture and arithmetically
+combine multiple successive fields or frames to remove color edge
+artifacts and reduce the noise in the video data.
+</para>
+                  </listitem>
+                  <listitem>
+                    <para>The driver may capture images in slices like
+a scanner in order to handle larger format images than would otherwise
+be possible. </para>
+                  </listitem>
+                  <listitem>
+                    <para>An image capture operation may be
+significantly slower than motion capture. </para>
+                  </listitem>
+                  <listitem>
+                    <para>Moving objects in the image might have
+excessive motion blur. </para>
+                  </listitem>
+                  <listitem>
+                    <para>Capture might only work through the
+<function>read()</function> call.</para>
+                  </listitem>
+                </itemizedlist></para></entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>This ioctl is not supported.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-priority.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-priority.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..5fb001978645
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-priority.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-priority">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_PRIORITY, VIDIOC_S_PRIORITY</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_PRIORITY</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_S_PRIORITY</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Query or request the access priority associated with a
+file descriptor</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>enum v4l2_priority *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>const enum v4l2_priority *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_PRIORITY, VIDIOC_S_PRIORITY</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Pointer to an enum v4l2_priority type.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To query the current access priority
+applications call the <constant>VIDIOC_G_PRIORITY</constant> ioctl
+with a pointer to an enum v4l2_priority variable where the driver stores
+the current priority.</para>
+
+    <para>To request an access priority applications store the
+desired priority in an enum v4l2_priority variable and call
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_PRIORITY</constant> ioctl with a pointer to this
+variable.</para>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-priority">
+      <title>enum v4l2_priority</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PRIORITY_UNSET</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND</constant></entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>Lowest priority, usually applications running in
+background, for example monitoring VBI transmissions. A proxy
+application running in user space will be necessary if multiple
+applications want to read from a device at this priority.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PRIORITY_INTERACTIVE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PRIORITY_DEFAULT</constant></entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>Medium priority, usually applications started and
+interactively controlled by the user. For example TV viewers, Teletext
+browsers, or just "panel" applications to change the channel or video
+controls. This is the default priority unless an application requests
+another.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PRIORITY_RECORD</constant></entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>Highest priority. Only one file descriptor can have
+this priority, it blocks any other fd from changing device properties.
+Usually applications which must not be interrupted, like video
+recording.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The requested priority value is invalid, or the
+driver does not support access priorities.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Another application already requested higher
+priority.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-sliced-vbi-cap.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-sliced-vbi-cap.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..10e721b17374
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-sliced-vbi-cap.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,264 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-sliced-vbi-cap">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_SLICED_VBI_CAP</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_SLICED_VBI_CAP</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Query sliced VBI capabilities</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_sliced_vbi_cap *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_SLICED_VBI_CAP</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To find out which data services are supported by a sliced
+VBI capture or output device, applications initialize the
+<structfield>type</structfield> field of a &v4l2-sliced-vbi-cap;,
+clear the <structfield>reserved</structfield> array and
+call the <constant>VIDIOC_G_SLICED_VBI_CAP</constant> ioctl. The
+driver fills in the remaining fields or returns an &EINVAL; if the
+sliced VBI API is unsupported or <structfield>type</structfield>
+is invalid.</para>
+
+    <para>Note the <structfield>type</structfield> field was added,
+and the ioctl changed from read-only to write-read, in Linux 2.6.19.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-sliced-vbi-cap">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_sliced_vbi_cap</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="5">
+        <colspec colname="c1" colwidth="3*" />
+        <colspec colname="c2" colwidth="3*" />
+        <colspec colname="c3" colwidth="2*" />
+        <colspec colname="c4" colwidth="2*" />
+        <colspec colname="c5" colwidth="2*" />
+        <spanspec spanname="hspan" namest="c3" nameend="c5" />
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u16</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>service_set</structfield></entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">A set of all data services
+supported by the driver. Equal to the union of all elements of the
+<structfield>service_lines </structfield> array.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u16</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>service_lines</structfield>[2][24]</entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">Each element of this array
+contains a set of data services the hardware can look for or insert
+into a particular scan line. Data services are defined in <xref
+                linkend="vbi-services" />. Array indices map to ITU-R
+line numbers (see also <xref
+                linkend="vbi-525" /> and <xref
+linkend="vbi-625" />) as follows:</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Element</entry>
+            <entry>525 line systems</entry>
+            <entry>625 line systems</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry><structfield>service_lines</structfield>[0][1]</entry>
+            <entry align="center">1</entry>
+            <entry align="center">1</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry><structfield>service_lines</structfield>[0][23]</entry>
+            <entry align="center">23</entry>
+            <entry align="center">23</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry><structfield>service_lines</structfield>[1][1]</entry>
+            <entry align="center">264</entry>
+            <entry align="center">314</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry><structfield>service_lines</structfield>[1][23]</entry>
+            <entry align="center">286</entry>
+            <entry align="center">336</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">The number of VBI lines the
+hardware can capture or output per frame, or the number of services it
+can identify on a given line may be limited. For example on PAL line
+16 the hardware may be able to look for a VPS or Teletext signal, but
+not both at the same time. Applications can learn about these limits
+using the &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl as described in <xref
+                linkend="sliced" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">Drivers must set
+<structfield>service_lines</structfield>[0][0] and
+<structfield>service_lines</structfield>[1][0] to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-buf-type;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Type of the data stream, see <xref
+                  linkend="v4l2-buf-type" />. Should be
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_CAPTURE</constant> or
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_OUTPUT</constant>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[3]</entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">This array is reserved for future
+extensions. Applications and drivers must set it to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <!-- See also dev-sliced-vbi.sgml -->
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="vbi-services">
+      <title>Sliced VBI services</title>
+      <tgroup cols="5">
+        <colspec colname="c1" colwidth="2*" />
+        <colspec colname="c2" colwidth="1*" />
+        <colspec colname="c3" colwidth="1*" />
+        <colspec colname="c4" colwidth="2*" />
+        <colspec colname="c5" colwidth="2*" />
+        <spanspec spanname='rlp' namest='c3' nameend='c5' />
+        <thead>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Symbol</entry>
+            <entry>Value</entry>
+            <entry>Reference</entry>
+            <entry>Lines, usually</entry>
+            <entry>Payload</entry>
+          </row>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_SLICED_TELETEXT_B</constant> (Teletext
+System B)</entry>
+            <entry>0x0001</entry>
+            <entry><xref linkend="ets300706" />, <xref linkend="itu653" /></entry>
+            <entry>PAL/SECAM line 7-22, 320-335 (second field 7-22)</entry>
+            <entry>Last 42 of the 45 byte Teletext packet, that is
+without clock run-in and framing code, lsb first transmitted.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_SLICED_VPS</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0400</entry>
+            <entry><xref linkend="ets300231" /></entry>
+            <entry>PAL line 16</entry>
+            <entry>Byte number 3 to 15 according to Figure 9 of
+ETS&nbsp;300&nbsp;231, lsb first transmitted.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_SLICED_CAPTION_525</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x1000</entry>
+            <entry><xref linkend="eia608" /></entry>
+            <entry>NTSC line 21, 284 (second field 21)</entry>
+            <entry>Two bytes in transmission order, including parity
+bit, lsb first transmitted.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_SLICED_WSS_625</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x4000</entry>
+            <entry><xref linkend="en300294" />, <xref linkend="itu1119" /></entry>
+            <entry>PAL/SECAM line 23</entry>
+            <entry><screen>
+Byte        0                 1
+     msb         lsb  msb           lsb
+Bit  7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0  x x 13 12 11 10 9
+</screen></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_SLICED_VBI_525</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x1000</entry>
+            <entry spanname="rlp">Set of services applicable to 525
+line systems.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_SLICED_VBI_625</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x4401</entry>
+            <entry spanname="rlp">Set of services applicable to 625
+line systems.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The device does not support sliced VBI capturing or
+output, or the value in the <structfield>type</structfield> field is
+wrong.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-std.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-std.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b6f5d267e856
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-std.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-std">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_STD, VIDIOC_S_STD</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_STD</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_S_STD</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Query or select the video standard of the current input</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>v4l2_std_id
+*<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>const v4l2_std_id
+*<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_STD, VIDIOC_S_STD</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To query and select the current video standard applications
+use the <constant>VIDIOC_G_STD</constant> and <constant>VIDIOC_S_STD</constant> ioctls which take a pointer to a
+&v4l2-std-id; type as argument. <constant>VIDIOC_G_STD</constant> can
+return a single flag or a set of flags as in &v4l2-standard; field
+<structfield>id</structfield>. The flags must be unambiguous such
+that they appear in only one enumerated <structname>v4l2_standard</structname> structure.</para>
+
+    <para><constant>VIDIOC_S_STD</constant> accepts one or more
+flags, being a write-only ioctl it does not return the actual new standard as
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_STD</constant> does. When no flags are given or
+the current input does not support the requested standard the driver
+returns an &EINVAL;. When the standard set is ambiguous drivers may
+return <errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode> or choose any of the requested
+standards.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>This ioctl is not supported, or the
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_STD</constant> parameter was unsuitable.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-tuner.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-tuner.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..bd98c734c06b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-tuner.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,535 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-tuner">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_TUNER, VIDIOC_S_TUNER</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_TUNER</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_S_TUNER</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Get or set tuner attributes</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_tuner
+*<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>const struct v4l2_tuner
+*<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_TUNER, VIDIOC_S_TUNER</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To query the attributes of a tuner applications initialize the
+<structfield>index</structfield> field and zero out the
+<structfield>reserved</structfield> array of a &v4l2-tuner; and call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_TUNER</constant> ioctl with a pointer to this
+structure. Drivers fill the rest of the structure or return an
+&EINVAL; when the index is out of bounds. To enumerate all tuners
+applications shall begin at index zero, incrementing by one until the
+driver returns <errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode>.</para>
+
+    <para>Tuners have two writable properties, the audio mode and
+the radio frequency. To change the audio mode, applications initialize
+the <structfield>index</structfield>,
+<structfield>audmode</structfield> and
+<structfield>reserved</structfield> fields and call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_TUNER</constant> ioctl. This will
+<emphasis>not</emphasis> change the current tuner, which is determined
+by the current video input. Drivers may choose a different audio mode
+if the requested mode is invalid or unsupported. Since this is a
+<!-- FIXME -->write-only ioctl, it does not return the actually
+selected audio mode.</para>
+
+    <para>To change the radio frequency the &VIDIOC-S-FREQUENCY; ioctl
+is available.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-tuner">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_tuner</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        <colspec colname="c1" colwidth="1*" />
+        <colspec colname="c2" colwidth="1*" />
+        <colspec colname="c3" colwidth="1*" />
+        <colspec colname="c4" colwidth="1*" />
+        <spanspec spanname="hspan" namest="c3" nameend="c4" />
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>index</structfield></entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">Identifies the tuner, set by the
+application.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>name</structfield>[32]</entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan"><para>Name of the tuner, a
+NUL-terminated ASCII string. This information is intended for the
+user.<!-- FIXME Video inputs already have a name, the purpose of this
+field is not quite clear.--></para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-tuner-type;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">Type of the tuner, see <xref
+                linkend="v4l2-tuner-type" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>capability</structfield></entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan"><para>Tuner capability flags, see
+<xref linkend="tuner-capability" />. Audio flags indicate the ability
+to decode audio subprograms. They will <emphasis>not</emphasis>
+change, for example with the current video standard.</para><para>When
+the structure refers to a radio tuner only the
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LOW</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_STEREO</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_RDS</constant> flags can be set.</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>rangelow</structfield></entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">The lowest tunable frequency in
+units of 62.5 kHz, or if the <structfield>capability</structfield>
+flag <constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LOW</constant> is set, in units of 62.5
+Hz.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>rangehigh</structfield></entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">The highest tunable frequency in
+units of 62.5 kHz, or if the <structfield>capability</structfield>
+flag <constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LOW</constant> is set, in units of 62.5
+Hz.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>rxsubchans</structfield></entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan"><para>Some tuners or audio
+decoders can determine the received audio subprograms by analyzing
+audio carriers, pilot tones or other indicators. To pass this
+information drivers set flags defined in <xref
+                  linkend="tuner-rxsubchans" /> in this field. For
+example:</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_MONO</constant></entry>
+            <entry>receiving mono audio</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry><constant>STEREO | SAP</constant></entry>
+            <entry>receiving stereo audio and a secondary audio
+program</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry><constant>MONO | STEREO</constant></entry>
+            <entry>receiving mono or stereo audio, the hardware cannot
+distinguish</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry><constant>LANG1 | LANG2</constant></entry>
+            <entry>receiving bilingual audio</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry><constant>MONO | STEREO | LANG1 | LANG2</constant></entry>
+            <entry>receiving mono, stereo or bilingual
+audio</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan"><para>When the
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_STEREO</constant>,
+<constant>_LANG1</constant>, <constant>_LANG2</constant> or
+<constant>_SAP</constant> flag is cleared in the
+<structfield>capability</structfield> field, the corresponding
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_</constant> flag must not be set
+here.</para><para>This field is valid only if this is the tuner of the
+current video input, or when the structure refers to a radio
+tuner.</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>audmode</structfield></entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan"><para>The selected audio mode, see
+<xref linkend="tuner-audmode" /> for valid values. The audio mode does
+not affect audio subprogram detection, and like a <link
+linkend="control">control</link> it does not automatically change
+unless the requested mode is invalid or unsupported. See <xref
+                  linkend="tuner-matrix" /> for possible results when
+the selected and received audio programs do not
+match.</para><para>Currently this is the only field of struct
+<structname>v4l2_tuner</structname> applications can
+change.</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>signal</structfield></entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">The signal strength if known, ranging
+from 0 to 65535. Higher values indicate a better signal.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__s32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>afc</structfield></entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">Automatic frequency control: When the
+<structfield>afc</structfield> value is negative, the frequency is too
+low, when positive too high.<!-- FIXME need example what to do when it never
+settles at zero, &ie; range is what? --></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[4]</entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">Reserved for future extensions. Drivers and
+applications must set the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-tuner-type">
+      <title>enum v4l2_tuner_type</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_RADIO</constant></entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_ANALOG_TV</constant></entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="tuner-capability">
+      <title>Tuner and Modulator Capability Flags</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LOW</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0001</entry>
+            <entry>When set, tuning frequencies are expressed in units of
+62.5&nbsp;Hz, otherwise in units of 62.5&nbsp;kHz.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_NORM</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0002</entry>
+            <entry>This is a multi-standard tuner; the video standard
+can or must be switched. (B/G PAL tuners for example are typically not
+      considered multi-standard because the video standard is automatically
+      determined from the frequency band.) The set of supported video
+      standards is available from the &v4l2-input; pointing to this tuner,
+      see the description of ioctl &VIDIOC-ENUMINPUT; for details. Only
+      <constant>V4L2_TUNER_ANALOG_TV</constant> tuners can have this capability.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+        <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_STEREO</constant></entry>
+        <entry>0x0010</entry>
+        <entry>Stereo audio reception is supported.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LANG1</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0040</entry>
+            <entry>Reception of the primary language of a bilingual
+audio program is supported. Bilingual audio is a feature of
+two-channel systems, transmitting the primary language monaural on the
+main audio carrier and a secondary language monaural on a second
+carrier. Only
+      <constant>V4L2_TUNER_ANALOG_TV</constant> tuners can have this capability.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LANG2</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0020</entry>
+            <entry>Reception of the secondary language of a bilingual
+audio program is supported. Only
+      <constant>V4L2_TUNER_ANALOG_TV</constant> tuners can have this capability.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_SAP</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0020</entry>
+            <entry><para>Reception of a secondary audio program is
+supported. This is a feature of the BTSC system which accompanies the
+NTSC video standard. Two audio carriers are available for mono or
+stereo transmissions of a primary language, and an independent third
+carrier for a monaural secondary language. Only
+      <constant>V4L2_TUNER_ANALOG_TV</constant> tuners can have this capability.</para><para>Note the
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LANG2</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_SAP</constant> flags are synonyms.
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_SAP</constant> applies when the tuner
+supports the <constant>V4L2_STD_NTSC_M</constant> video
+standard.</para><!-- FIXME what if PAL+NTSC and Bi but not SAP? --></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+        <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_RDS</constant></entry>
+        <entry>0x0080</entry>
+        <entry>RDS capture is supported. This capability is only valid for
+radio tuners.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="tuner-rxsubchans">
+      <title>Tuner Audio Reception Flags</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_MONO</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0001</entry>
+            <entry>The tuner receives a mono audio signal.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_STEREO</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0002</entry>
+            <entry>The tuner receives a stereo audio signal.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_LANG1</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0008</entry>
+            <entry>The tuner receives the primary language of a
+bilingual audio signal. Drivers must clear this flag when the current
+video standard is <constant>V4L2_STD_NTSC_M</constant>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_LANG2</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0004</entry>
+            <entry>The tuner receives the secondary language of a
+bilingual audio signal (or a second audio program).</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_SAP</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0004</entry>
+            <entry>The tuner receives a Second Audio Program. Note the
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_LANG2</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_SAP</constant> flags are synonyms. The
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_SAP</constant> flag applies when the
+current video standard is <constant>V4L2_STD_NTSC_M</constant>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_RDS</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0010</entry>
+            <entry>The tuner receives an RDS channel.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="tuner-audmode">
+      <title>Tuner Audio Modes</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_MODE_MONO</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>Play mono audio. When the tuner receives a stereo
+signal this a down-mix of the left and right channel. When the tuner
+receives a bilingual or SAP signal this mode selects the primary
+language.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_MODE_STEREO</constant></entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry><para>Play stereo audio. When the tuner receives
+bilingual audio it may play different languages on the left and right
+channel or the primary language is played on both channels.</para><para>Playing
+different languages in this mode is
+deprecated. New drivers should do this only in
+<constant>MODE_LANG1_LANG2</constant>.</para><para>When the tuner
+receives no stereo signal or does not support stereo reception the
+driver shall fall back to <constant>MODE_MONO</constant>.</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_MODE_LANG1</constant></entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>Play the primary language, mono or stereo. Only
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_ANALOG_TV</constant> tuners support this
+mode.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_MODE_LANG2</constant></entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>Play the secondary language, mono. When the tuner
+receives no bilingual audio or SAP, or their reception is not
+supported the driver shall fall back to mono or stereo mode. Only
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_ANALOG_TV</constant> tuners support this
+mode.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_MODE_SAP</constant></entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>Play the Second Audio Program. When the tuner
+receives no bilingual audio or SAP, or their reception is not
+supported the driver shall fall back to mono or stereo mode. Only
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_ANALOG_TV</constant> tuners support this mode.
+Note the <constant>V4L2_TUNER_MODE_LANG2</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_MODE_SAP</constant> are synonyms.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_MODE_LANG1_LANG2</constant></entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>Play the primary language on the left channel, the
+secondary language on the right channel. When the tuner receives no
+bilingual audio or SAP, it shall fall back to
+<constant>MODE_LANG1</constant> or <constant>MODE_MONO</constant>.
+Only <constant>V4L2_TUNER_ANALOG_TV</constant> tuners support this
+mode.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="all" id="tuner-matrix">
+      <title>Tuner Audio Matrix</title>
+      <tgroup cols="6" align="center">
+        <colspec align="left" />
+        <colspec colname="c2" colwidth="1*" />
+        <colspec colwidth="1*" />
+        <colspec colwidth="1*" />
+        <colspec colnum="6" colname="c6" colwidth="1*" />
+        <spanspec namest="c2" nameend="c6" spanname="hspan" align="center" />
+        <thead>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">Selected
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_MODE_</constant></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Received <constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_</constant></entry>
+            <entry><constant>MONO</constant></entry>
+            <entry><constant>STEREO</constant></entry>
+            <entry><constant>LANG1</constant></entry>
+            <entry><constant>LANG2 = SAP</constant></entry>
+            <entry><constant>LANG1_LANG2</constant><footnote><para>This
+mode has been added in Linux 2.6.17 and may not be supported by older
+drivers.</para></footnote></entry>
+          </row>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>MONO</constant></entry>
+            <entry>Mono</entry>
+            <entry>Mono/Mono</entry>
+            <entry>Mono</entry>
+            <entry>Mono</entry>
+            <entry>Mono/Mono</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>MONO | SAP</constant></entry>
+            <entry>Mono</entry>
+            <entry>Mono/Mono</entry>
+            <entry>Mono</entry>
+            <entry>SAP</entry>
+            <entry>Mono/SAP (preferred) or Mono/Mono</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>STEREO</constant></entry>
+            <entry>L+R</entry>
+            <entry>L/R</entry>
+            <entry>Stereo L/R (preferred) or Mono L+R</entry>
+            <entry>Stereo L/R (preferred) or Mono L+R</entry>
+            <entry>L/R (preferred) or L+R/L+R</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>STEREO | SAP</constant></entry>
+            <entry>L+R</entry>
+            <entry>L/R</entry>
+            <entry>Stereo L/R (preferred) or Mono L+R</entry>
+            <entry>SAP</entry>
+            <entry>L+R/SAP (preferred) or L/R or L+R/L+R</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>LANG1 | LANG2</constant></entry>
+            <entry>Language&nbsp;1</entry>
+            <entry>Lang1/Lang2 (deprecated<footnote><para>Playback of
+both languages in <constant>MODE_STEREO</constant> is deprecated. In
+the future drivers should produce only the primary language in this
+mode. Applications should request
+<constant>MODE_LANG1_LANG2</constant> to record both languages or a
+stereo signal.</para></footnote>) or
+Lang1/Lang1</entry>
+            <entry>Language&nbsp;1</entry>
+            <entry>Language&nbsp;2</entry>
+            <entry>Lang1/Lang2 (preferred) or Lang1/Lang1</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-tuner; <structfield>index</structfield> is
+out of bounds.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-log-status.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-log-status.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..2634b7c88b58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-log-status.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-log-status">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_LOG_STATUS</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_LOG_STATUS</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Log driver status information</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>As the video/audio devices become more complicated it
+becomes harder to debug problems. When this ioctl is called the driver
+will output the current device status to the kernel log. This is
+particular useful when dealing with problems like no sound, no video
+and incorrectly tuned channels. Also many modern devices autodetect
+video and audio standards and this ioctl will report what the device
+thinks what the standard is. Mismatches may give an indication where
+the problem is.</para>
+
+    <para>This ioctl is optional and not all drivers support it. It
+was introduced in Linux 2.6.15.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The driver does not support this ioctl.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-overlay.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-overlay.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..1036c582cc15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-overlay.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-overlay">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_OVERLAY</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_OVERLAY</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Start or stop video overlay</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>const int *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_OVERLAY</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>This ioctl is part of the <link linkend="overlay">video
+    overlay</link> I/O method. Applications call
+    <constant>VIDIOC_OVERLAY</constant> to start or stop the
+    overlay. It takes a pointer to an integer which must be set to
+    zero by the application to stop overlay, to one to start.</para>
+
+    <para>Drivers do not support &VIDIOC-STREAMON; or
+&VIDIOC-STREAMOFF; with <constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OVERLAY</constant>.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Video overlay is not supported, or the
+parameters have not been set up. See <xref
+linkend="overlay" /> for the necessary steps.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-qbuf.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-qbuf.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..187081778154
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-qbuf.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-qbuf">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_QBUF, VIDIOC_DQBUF</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_QBUF</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_DQBUF</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Exchange a buffer with the driver</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_buffer *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_QBUF, VIDIOC_DQBUF</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>Applications call the <constant>VIDIOC_QBUF</constant> ioctl
+to enqueue an empty (capturing) or filled (output) buffer in the
+driver's incoming queue. The semantics depend on the selected I/O
+method.</para>
+
+    <para>To enqueue a <link linkend="mmap">memory mapped</link>
+buffer applications set the <structfield>type</structfield> field of a
+&v4l2-buffer; to the same buffer type as previously &v4l2-format;
+<structfield>type</structfield> and &v4l2-requestbuffers;
+<structfield>type</structfield>, the <structfield>memory</structfield>
+field to <constant>V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP</constant> and the
+<structfield>index</structfield> field. Valid index numbers range from
+zero to the number of buffers allocated with &VIDIOC-REQBUFS;
+(&v4l2-requestbuffers; <structfield>count</structfield>) minus one. The
+contents of the struct <structname>v4l2_buffer</structname> returned
+by a &VIDIOC-QUERYBUF; ioctl will do as well. When the buffer is
+intended for output (<structfield>type</structfield> is
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT</constant> or
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_OUTPUT</constant>) applications must also
+initialize the <structfield>bytesused</structfield>,
+<structfield>field</structfield> and
+<structfield>timestamp</structfield> fields. See <xref
+        linkend="buffer" /> for details. When
+<constant>VIDIOC_QBUF</constant> is called with a pointer to this
+structure the driver sets the
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_MAPPED</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_QUEUED</constant> flags and clears the
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_DONE</constant> flag in the
+<structfield>flags</structfield> field, or it returns an
+&EINVAL;.</para>
+
+    <para>To enqueue a <link linkend="userp">user pointer</link>
+buffer applications set the <structfield>type</structfield> field of a
+&v4l2-buffer; to the same buffer type as previously &v4l2-format;
+<structfield>type</structfield> and &v4l2-requestbuffers;
+<structfield>type</structfield>, the <structfield>memory</structfield>
+field to <constant>V4L2_MEMORY_USERPTR</constant> and the
+<structfield>m.userptr</structfield> field to the address of the
+buffer and <structfield>length</structfield> to its size. When the
+buffer is intended for output additional fields must be set as above.
+When <constant>VIDIOC_QBUF</constant> is called with a pointer to this
+structure the driver sets the <constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_QUEUED</constant>
+flag and clears the <constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_MAPPED</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_DONE</constant> flags in the
+<structfield>flags</structfield> field, or it returns an error code.
+This ioctl locks the memory pages of the buffer in physical memory,
+they cannot be swapped out to disk. Buffers remain locked until
+dequeued, until the &VIDIOC-STREAMOFF; or &VIDIOC-REQBUFS; ioctl are
+called, or until the device is closed.</para>
+
+    <para>Applications call the <constant>VIDIOC_DQBUF</constant>
+ioctl to dequeue a filled (capturing) or displayed (output) buffer
+from the driver's outgoing queue. They just set the
+<structfield>type</structfield> and <structfield>memory</structfield>
+fields of a &v4l2-buffer; as above, when <constant>VIDIOC_DQBUF</constant>
+is called with a pointer to this structure the driver fills the
+remaining fields or returns an error code.</para>
+
+    <para>By default <constant>VIDIOC_DQBUF</constant> blocks when no
+buffer is in the outgoing queue. When the
+<constant>O_NONBLOCK</constant> flag was given to the &func-open;
+function, <constant>VIDIOC_DQBUF</constant> returns immediately
+with an &EAGAIN; when no buffer is available.</para>
+
+    <para>The <structname>v4l2_buffer</structname> structure is
+specified in <xref linkend="buffer" />.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EAGAIN</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Non-blocking I/O has been selected using
+<constant>O_NONBLOCK</constant> and no buffer was in the outgoing
+queue.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The buffer <structfield>type</structfield> is not
+supported, or the <structfield>index</structfield> is out of bounds,
+or no buffers have been allocated yet, or the
+<structfield>userptr</structfield> or
+<structfield>length</structfield> are invalid.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>ENOMEM</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Not enough physical or virtual memory was available to
+enqueue a user pointer buffer.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EIO</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para><constant>VIDIOC_DQBUF</constant> failed due to an
+internal error. Can also indicate temporary problems like signal
+loss. Note the driver might dequeue an (empty) buffer despite
+returning an error, or even stop capturing.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-querybuf.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-querybuf.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..d834993e6191
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-querybuf.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-querybuf">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_QUERYBUF</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_QUERYBUF</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Query the status of a buffer</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_buffer *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_QUERYBUF</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>This ioctl is part of the <link linkend="mmap">memory
+mapping</link> I/O method. It can be used to query the status of a
+buffer at any time after buffers have been allocated with the
+&VIDIOC-REQBUFS; ioctl.</para>
+
+    <para>Applications set the <structfield>type</structfield> field
+    of a &v4l2-buffer; to the same buffer type as previously
+&v4l2-format; <structfield>type</structfield> and &v4l2-requestbuffers;
+<structfield>type</structfield>, and the <structfield>index</structfield>
+    field. Valid index numbers range from zero
+to the number of buffers allocated with &VIDIOC-REQBUFS;
+    (&v4l2-requestbuffers; <structfield>count</structfield>) minus one.
+After calling <constant>VIDIOC_QUERYBUF</constant> with a pointer to
+    this structure drivers return an error code or fill the rest of
+the structure.</para>
+
+    <para>In the <structfield>flags</structfield> field the
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_MAPPED</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_QUEUED</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_DONE</constant> flags will be valid. The
+<structfield>memory</structfield> field will be set to
+<constant>V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP</constant>, the <structfield>m.offset</structfield>
+contains the offset of the buffer from the start of the device memory,
+the <structfield>length</structfield> field its size. The driver may
+or may not set the remaining fields and flags, they are meaningless in
+this context.</para>
+
+    <para>The <structname>v4l2_buffer</structname> structure is
+    specified in <xref linkend="buffer" />.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The buffer <structfield>type</structfield> is not
+supported, or the <structfield>index</structfield> is out of bounds.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-querycap.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-querycap.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..6ab7e25b31b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-querycap.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,284 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-querycap">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_QUERYCAP</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_QUERYCAP</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Query device capabilities</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_capability *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_QUERYCAP</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>All V4L2 devices support the
+<constant>VIDIOC_QUERYCAP</constant> ioctl. It is used to identify
+kernel devices compatible with this specification and to obtain
+information about driver and hardware capabilities. The ioctl takes a
+pointer to a &v4l2-capability; which is filled by the driver. When the
+driver is not compatible with this specification the ioctl returns an
+&EINVAL;.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-capability">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_capability</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>driver</structfield>[16]</entry>
+            <entry><para>Name of the driver, a unique NUL-terminated
+ASCII string. For example: "bttv". Driver specific applications can
+use this information to verify the driver identity. It is also useful
+to work around known bugs, or to identify drivers in error reports.
+The driver version is stored in the <structfield>version</structfield>
+field.</para><para>Storing strings in fixed sized arrays is bad
+practice but unavoidable here. Drivers and applications should take
+precautions to never read or write beyond the end of the array and to
+make sure the strings are properly NUL-terminated.</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>card</structfield>[32]</entry>
+            <entry>Name of the device, a NUL-terminated ASCII string.
+For example: "Yoyodyne TV/FM". One driver may support different brands
+or models of video hardware. This information is intended for users,
+for example in a menu of available devices. Since multiple TV cards of
+the same brand may be installed which are supported by the same
+driver, this name should be combined with the character device file
+name (&eg; <filename>/dev/video2</filename>) or the
+<structfield>bus_info</structfield> string to avoid
+ambiguities.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>bus_info</structfield>[32]</entry>
+            <entry>Location of the device in the system, a
+NUL-terminated ASCII string. For example: "PCI Slot 4". This
+information is intended for users, to distinguish multiple
+identical devices. If no such information is available the field may
+simply count the devices controlled by the driver, or contain the
+empty string (<structfield>bus_info</structfield>[0] = 0).<!-- XXX pci_dev->slot_name example --></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>version</structfield></entry>
+            <entry><para>Version number of the driver. Together with
+the <structfield>driver</structfield> field this identifies a
+particular driver. The version number is formatted using the
+<constant>KERNEL_VERSION()</constant> macro:</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="hspan"><para>
+<programlisting>
+#define KERNEL_VERSION(a,b,c) (((a) &lt;&lt; 16) + ((b) &lt;&lt; 8) + (c))
+
+__u32 version = KERNEL_VERSION(0, 8, 1);
+
+printf ("Version: %u.%u.%u\n",
+        (version &gt;&gt; 16) &amp; 0xFF,
+        (version &gt;&gt; 8) &amp; 0xFF,
+         version &amp; 0xFF);
+</programlisting></para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>capabilities</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Device capabilities, see <xref
+                linkend="device-capabilities" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[4]</entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions. Drivers must set
+this array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="device-capabilities">
+      <title>Device Capabilities Flags</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00000001</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports the <link
+linkend="capture">Video Capture</link> interface.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OUTPUT</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00000002</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports the <link
+linkend="output">Video Output</link> interface.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OVERLAY</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00000004</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports the <link
+linkend="overlay">Video Overlay</link> interface. A video overlay device
+typically stores captured images directly in the video memory of a
+graphics card, with hardware clipping and scaling.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_VBI_CAPTURE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00000010</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports the <link linkend="raw-vbi">Raw
+VBI Capture</link> interface, providing Teletext and Closed Caption
+data.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_VBI_OUTPUT</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00000020</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports the <link linkend="raw-vbi">Raw VBI Output</link> interface.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_SLICED_VBI_CAPTURE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00000040</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports the <link linkend="sliced">Sliced VBI Capture</link> interface.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_SLICED_VBI_OUTPUT</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00000080</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports the <link linkend="sliced">Sliced VBI Output</link> interface.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_RDS_CAPTURE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00000100</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports the <link linkend="rds">RDS</link> interface.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OUTPUT_OVERLAY</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00000200</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports the <link linkend="osd">Video
+Output Overlay</link> (OSD) interface. Unlike the <wordasword>Video
+Overlay</wordasword> interface, this is a secondary function of video
+output devices and overlays an image onto an outgoing video signal.
+When the driver sets this flag, it must clear the
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OVERLAY</constant> flag and vice
+versa.<footnote><para>The &v4l2-framebuffer; lacks an
+&v4l2-buf-type; field, therefore the type of overlay is implied by the
+driver capabilities.</para></footnote></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_HW_FREQ_SEEK</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00000400</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports the &VIDIOC-S-HW-FREQ-SEEK; ioctl for
+hardware frequency seeking.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_TUNER</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00010000</entry>
+            <entry>The device has some sort of tuner to
+receive RF-modulated video signals. For more information about
+tuner programming see
+<xref linkend="tuner" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_AUDIO</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00020000</entry>
+            <entry>The device has audio inputs or outputs. It may or
+may not support audio recording or playback, in PCM or compressed
+formats. PCM audio support must be implemented as ALSA or OSS
+interface. For more information on audio inputs and outputs see <xref
+                linkend="audio" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_RADIO</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00040000</entry>
+            <entry>This is a radio receiver.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_MODULATOR</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00080000</entry>
+            <entry>The device has some sort of modulator to
+emit RF-modulated video/audio signals. For more information about
+modulator programming see
+<xref linkend="tuner" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_READWRITE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x01000000</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports the <link
+linkend="rw">read()</link> and/or <link linkend="rw">write()</link>
+I/O methods.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_ASYNCIO</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x02000000</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports the <link
+linkend="async">asynchronous</link> I/O methods.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_STREAMING</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x04000000</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports the <link
+linkend="mmap">streaming</link> I/O method.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The device is not compatible with this
+specification.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
+
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-queryctrl.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-queryctrl.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..4876ff1a1a04
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-queryctrl.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,428 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-queryctrl">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL, VIDIOC_QUERYMENU</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_QUERYMENU</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Enumerate controls and menu control items</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_queryctrl *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_querymenu *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL, VIDIOC_QUERYMENU</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To query the attributes of a control applications set the
+<structfield>id</structfield> field of a &v4l2-queryctrl; and call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL</constant> ioctl with a pointer to this
+structure. The driver fills the rest of the structure or returns an
+&EINVAL; when the <structfield>id</structfield> is invalid.</para>
+
+    <para>It is possible to enumerate controls by calling
+<constant>VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL</constant> with successive
+<structfield>id</structfield> values starting from
+<constant>V4L2_CID_BASE</constant> up to and exclusive
+<constant>V4L2_CID_BASE_LASTP1</constant>. Drivers may return
+<errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode> if a control in this range is not
+supported. Further applications can enumerate private controls, which
+are not defined in this specification, by starting at
+<constant>V4L2_CID_PRIVATE_BASE</constant> and incrementing
+<structfield>id</structfield> until the driver returns
+<errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode>.</para>
+
+    <para>In both cases, when the driver sets the
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_DISABLED</constant> flag in the
+<structfield>flags</structfield> field this control is permanently
+disabled and should be ignored by the application.<footnote>
+        <para><constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_DISABLED</constant> was
+intended for two purposes: Drivers can skip predefined controls not
+supported by the hardware (although returning EINVAL would do as
+well), or disable predefined and private controls after hardware
+detection without the trouble of reordering control arrays and indices
+(EINVAL cannot be used to skip private controls because it would
+prematurely end the enumeration).</para></footnote></para>
+
+    <para>When the application ORs <structfield>id</structfield> with
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_NEXT_CTRL</constant> the driver returns the
+next supported control, or <errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode> if there is
+none. Drivers which do not support this flag yet always return
+<errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode>.</para>
+
+    <para>Additional information is required for menu controls: the
+names of the menu items. To query them applications set the
+<structfield>id</structfield> and <structfield>index</structfield>
+fields of &v4l2-querymenu; and call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_QUERYMENU</constant> ioctl with a pointer to this
+structure. The driver fills the rest of the structure or returns an
+&EINVAL; when the <structfield>id</structfield> or
+<structfield>index</structfield> is invalid. Menu items are enumerated
+by calling <constant>VIDIOC_QUERYMENU</constant> with successive
+<structfield>index</structfield> values from &v4l2-queryctrl;
+<structfield>minimum</structfield> (0) to
+<structfield>maximum</structfield>, inclusive.</para>
+
+    <para>See also the examples in <xref linkend="control" />.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-queryctrl">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_queryctrl</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>id</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Identifies the control, set by the application. See
+<xref linkend="control-id" /> for predefined IDs. When the ID is ORed
+with V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_NEXT_CTRL the driver clears the flag and returns
+the first control with a higher ID. Drivers which do not support this
+flag yet always return an &EINVAL;.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-ctrl-type;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Type of control, see <xref
+                linkend="v4l2-ctrl-type" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>name</structfield>[32]</entry>
+            <entry>Name of the control, a NUL-terminated ASCII
+string. This information is intended for the user.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__s32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>minimum</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Minimum value, inclusive. This field gives a lower
+bound for <constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_INTEGER</constant> controls and the
+lowest valid index (always 0) for <constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_MENU</constant> controls.
+For <constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_STRING</constant> controls the minimum value
+gives the minimum length of the string. This length <emphasis>does not include the terminating
+zero</emphasis>. It may not be valid for any other type of control, including
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_INTEGER64</constant> controls. Note that this is a
+signed value.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__s32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>maximum</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Maximum value, inclusive. This field gives an upper
+bound for <constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_INTEGER</constant> controls and the
+highest valid index for <constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_MENU</constant>
+controls.
+For <constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_STRING</constant> controls the maximum value
+gives the maximum length of the string. This length <emphasis>does not include the terminating
+zero</emphasis>. It may not be valid for any other type of control, including
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_INTEGER64</constant> controls. Note that this is a
+signed value.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__s32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>step</structfield></entry>
+            <entry><para>This field gives a step size for
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_INTEGER</constant> controls. For
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_STRING</constant> controls this field refers to
+the string length that has to be a multiple of this step size.
+It may not be valid for any other type of control, including
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_INTEGER64</constant>
+controls.</para><para>Generally drivers should not scale hardware
+control values. It may be necessary for example when the
+<structfield>name</structfield> or <structfield>id</structfield> imply
+a particular unit and the hardware actually accepts only multiples of
+said unit. If so, drivers must take care values are properly rounded
+when scaling, such that errors will not accumulate on repeated
+read-write cycles.</para><para>This field gives the smallest change of
+an integer control actually affecting hardware. Often the information
+is needed when the user can change controls by keyboard or GUI
+buttons, rather than a slider. When for example a hardware register
+accepts values 0-511 and the driver reports 0-65535, step should be
+128.</para><para>Note that although signed, the step value is supposed to
+be always positive.</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__s32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>default_value</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The default value of a
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_INTEGER</constant>,
+<constant>_BOOLEAN</constant> or <constant>_MENU</constant> control.
+Not valid for other types of controls. Drivers reset controls only
+when the driver is loaded, not later, in particular not when the
+func-open; is called.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>flags</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Control flags, see <xref
+                linkend="control-flags" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[2]</entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions. Drivers must set
+the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-querymenu">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_querymenu</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>id</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Identifies the control, set by the application
+from the respective &v4l2-queryctrl;
+<structfield>id</structfield>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>index</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Index of the menu item, starting at zero, set by
+            the application.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>name</structfield>[32]</entry>
+            <entry>Name of the menu item, a NUL-terminated ASCII
+string. This information is intended for the user.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions. Drivers must set
+the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-ctrl-type">
+      <title>enum v4l2_ctrl_type</title>
+      <tgroup cols="5" align="left">
+        <colspec colwidth="30*" />
+        <colspec colwidth="5*" align="center" />
+        <colspec colwidth="5*" align="center" />
+        <colspec colwidth="5*" align="center" />
+        <colspec colwidth="55*" />
+        <thead>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Type</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>minimum</structfield></entry>
+            <entry><structfield>step</structfield></entry>
+            <entry><structfield>maximum</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Description</entry>
+          </row>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_INTEGER</constant></entry>
+            <entry>any</entry>
+            <entry>any</entry>
+            <entry>any</entry>
+            <entry>An integer-valued control ranging from minimum to
+maximum inclusive. The step value indicates the increment between
+values which are actually different on the hardware.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_BOOLEAN</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>A boolean-valued control. Zero corresponds to
+"disabled", and one means "enabled".</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_MENU</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>N-1</entry>
+            <entry>The control has a menu of N choices. The names of
+the menu items can be enumerated with the
+<constant>VIDIOC_QUERYMENU</constant> ioctl.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_BUTTON</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>A control which performs an action when set.
+Drivers must ignore the value passed with
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_CTRL</constant> and return an &EINVAL; on a
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_CTRL</constant> attempt.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_INTEGER64</constant></entry>
+            <entry>n/a</entry>
+            <entry>n/a</entry>
+            <entry>n/a</entry>
+            <entry>A 64-bit integer valued control. Minimum, maximum
+and step size cannot be queried.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_STRING</constant></entry>
+            <entry>&ge; 0</entry>
+            <entry>&ge; 1</entry>
+            <entry>&ge; 0</entry>
+            <entry>The minimum and maximum string lengths. The step size
+means that the string must be (minimum + N * step) characters long for
+N &ge; 0. These lengths do not include the terminating zero, so in order to
+pass a string of length 8 to &VIDIOC-S-EXT-CTRLS; you need to set the
+<structfield>size</structfield> field of &v4l2-ext-control; to 9. For &VIDIOC-G-EXT-CTRLS; you can
+set the <structfield>size</structfield> field to <structfield>maximum</structfield> + 1.
+Which character encoding is used will depend on the string control itself and
+should be part of the control documentation.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_CTRL_CLASS</constant></entry>
+            <entry>n/a</entry>
+            <entry>n/a</entry>
+            <entry>n/a</entry>
+            <entry>This is not a control. When
+<constant>VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL</constant> is called with a control ID
+equal to a control class code (see <xref linkend="ctrl-class" />), the
+ioctl returns the name of the control class and this control type.
+Older drivers which do not support this feature return an
+&EINVAL;.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="control-flags">
+      <title>Control Flags</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_DISABLED</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0001</entry>
+            <entry>This control is permanently disabled and should be
+ignored by the application. Any attempt to change the control will
+result in an &EINVAL;.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_GRABBED</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0002</entry>
+            <entry>This control is temporarily unchangeable, for
+example because another application took over control of the
+respective resource. Such controls may be displayed specially in a
+user interface. Attempts to change the control may result in an
+&EBUSY;.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_READ_ONLY</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0004</entry>
+            <entry>This control is permanently readable only. Any
+attempt to change the control will result in an &EINVAL;.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_UPDATE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0008</entry>
+            <entry>A hint that changing this control may affect the
+value of other controls within the same control class. Applications
+should update their user interface accordingly.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_INACTIVE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0010</entry>
+            <entry>This control is not applicable to the current
+configuration and should be displayed accordingly in a user interface.
+For example the flag may be set on a MPEG audio level 2 bitrate
+control when MPEG audio encoding level 1 was selected with another
+control.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_SLIDER</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0020</entry>
+            <entry>A hint that this control is best represented as a
+slider-like element in a user interface.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_WRITE_ONLY</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0040</entry>
+            <entry>This control is permanently writable only. Any
+attempt to read the control will result in an &EACCES; error code. This
+flag is typically present for relative controls or action controls where
+writing a value will cause the device to carry out a given action
+(&eg; motor control) but no meaningful value can be returned.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-queryctrl; <structfield>id</structfield>
+is invalid. The &v4l2-querymenu; <structfield>id</structfield> or
+<structfield>index</structfield> is invalid.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EACCES</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>An attempt was made to read a write-only control.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-querystd.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-querystd.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b5a7ff934486
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-querystd.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-querystd">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_QUERYSTD</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_QUERYSTD</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Sense the video standard received by the current
+input</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>v4l2_std_id *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+        <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_QUERYSTD</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>The hardware may be able to detect the current video
+standard automatically. To do so, applications call <constant>
+VIDIOC_QUERYSTD</constant> with a pointer to a &v4l2-std-id; type. The
+driver stores here a set of candidates, this can be a single flag or a
+set of supported standards if for example the hardware can only
+distinguish between 50 and 60 Hz systems. When detection is not
+possible or fails, the set must contain all standards supported by the
+current video input or output.</para>
+
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>This ioctl is not supported.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-reqbufs.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-reqbufs.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..bab38084454f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-reqbufs.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-reqbufs">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_REQBUFS</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_REQBUFS</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Initiate Memory Mapping or User Pointer I/O</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_requestbuffers *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_REQBUFS</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>This ioctl is used to initiate <link linkend="mmap">memory
+mapped</link> or <link linkend="userp">user pointer</link>
+I/O. Memory mapped buffers are located in device memory and must be
+allocated with this ioctl before they can be mapped into the
+application's address space. User buffers are allocated by
+applications themselves, and this ioctl is merely used to switch the
+driver into user pointer I/O mode.</para>
+
+    <para>To allocate device buffers applications initialize three
+fields of a <structname>v4l2_requestbuffers</structname> structure.
+They set the <structfield>type</structfield> field to the respective
+stream or buffer type, the <structfield>count</structfield> field to
+the desired number of buffers, and <structfield>memory</structfield>
+must be set to <constant>V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP</constant>. When the ioctl
+is called with a pointer to this structure the driver attempts to
+allocate the requested number of buffers and stores the actual number
+allocated in the <structfield>count</structfield> field. It can be
+smaller than the number requested, even zero, when the driver runs out
+of free memory. A larger number is possible when the driver requires
+more buffers to function correctly.<footnote>
+        <para>For example video output requires at least two buffers,
+one displayed and one filled by the application.</para>
+        </footnote> When memory mapping I/O is not supported the ioctl
+returns an &EINVAL;.</para>
+
+    <para>Applications can call <constant>VIDIOC_REQBUFS</constant>
+again to change the number of buffers, however this cannot succeed
+when any buffers are still mapped. A <structfield>count</structfield>
+value of zero frees all buffers, after aborting or finishing any DMA
+in progress, an implicit &VIDIOC-STREAMOFF;. <!-- mhs: I see no
+reason why munmap()ping one or even all buffers must imply
+streamoff.--></para>
+
+    <para>To negotiate user pointer I/O, applications initialize only
+the <structfield>type</structfield> field and set
+<structfield>memory</structfield> to
+<constant>V4L2_MEMORY_USERPTR</constant>. When the ioctl is called
+with a pointer to this structure the driver prepares for user pointer
+I/O, when this I/O method is not supported the ioctl returns an
+&EINVAL;.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-requestbuffers">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_requestbuffers</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>count</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The number of buffers requested or granted. This
+field is only used when <structfield>memory</structfield> is set to
+<constant>V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP</constant>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-buf-type;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Type of the stream or buffers, this is the same
+as the &v4l2-format; <structfield>type</structfield> field. See <xref
+                linkend="v4l2-buf-type" /> for valid values.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-memory;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>memory</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Applications set this field to
+<constant>V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP</constant> or
+<constant>V4L2_MEMORY_USERPTR</constant>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[2]</entry>
+            <entry>A place holder for future extensions and custom
+(driver defined) buffer types <constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_PRIVATE</constant> and
+higher.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The driver supports multiple opens and I/O is already
+in progress, or reallocation of buffers was attempted although one or
+more are still mapped.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The buffer type (<structfield>type</structfield> field) or the
+requested I/O method (<structfield>memory</structfield>) is not
+supported.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-s-hw-freq-seek.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-s-hw-freq-seek.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..14b3ec7ed75b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-s-hw-freq-seek.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-s-hw-freq-seek">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_S_HW_FREQ_SEEK</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_S_HW_FREQ_SEEK</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Perform a hardware frequency seek</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_hw_freq_seek
+*<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_S_HW_FREQ_SEEK</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>Start a hardware frequency seek from the current frequency.
+To do this applications initialize the <structfield>tuner</structfield>,
+<structfield>type</structfield>, <structfield>seek_upward</structfield> and
+<structfield>wrap_around</structfield> fields, and zero out the
+<structfield>reserved</structfield> array of a &v4l2-hw-freq-seek; and
+call the <constant>VIDIOC_S_HW_FREQ_SEEK</constant> ioctl with a pointer
+to this structure.</para>
+
+    <para>This ioctl is supported if the <constant>V4L2_CAP_HW_FREQ_SEEK</constant> capability is set.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-hw-freq-seek">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_hw_freq_seek</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>tuner</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The tuner index number. This is the
+same value as in the &v4l2-input; <structfield>tuner</structfield>
+field and the &v4l2-tuner; <structfield>index</structfield> field.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-tuner-type;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The tuner type. This is the same value as in the
+&v4l2-tuner; <structfield>type</structfield> field.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>seek_upward</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>If non-zero, seek upward from the current frequency, else seek downward.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>wrap_around</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>If non-zero, wrap around when at the end of the frequency range, else stop seeking.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[8]</entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions. Drivers and
+            applications must set the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <structfield>tuner</structfield> index is out of
+bounds or the value in the <structfield>type</structfield> field is
+wrong.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EAGAIN</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The ioctl timed-out. Try again.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-streamon.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-streamon.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e42bff1f2c0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-streamon.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-streamon">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_STREAMON, VIDIOC_STREAMOFF</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_STREAMON</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_STREAMOFF</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Start or stop streaming I/O</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>const int *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_STREAMON, VIDIOC_STREAMOFF</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>The <constant>VIDIOC_STREAMON</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_STREAMOFF</constant> ioctl start and stop the capture
+or output process during streaming (<link linkend="mmap">memory
+mapping</link> or <link linkend="userp">user pointer</link>) I/O.</para>
+
+    <para>Specifically the capture hardware is disabled and no input
+buffers are filled (if there are any empty buffers in the incoming
+queue) until <constant>VIDIOC_STREAMON</constant> has been called.
+Accordingly the output hardware is disabled, no video signal is
+produced until <constant>VIDIOC_STREAMON</constant> has been called.
+The ioctl will succeed only when at least one output buffer is in the
+incoming queue.</para>
+
+    <para>The <constant>VIDIOC_STREAMOFF</constant> ioctl, apart of
+aborting or finishing any DMA in progress, unlocks any user pointer
+buffers locked in physical memory, and it removes all buffers from the
+incoming and outgoing queues. That means all images captured but not
+dequeued yet will be lost, likewise all images enqueued for output but
+not transmitted yet. I/O returns to the same state as after calling
+&VIDIOC-REQBUFS; and can be restarted accordingly.</para>
+
+    <para>Both ioctls take a pointer to an integer, the desired buffer or
+stream type. This is the same as &v4l2-requestbuffers;
+<structfield>type</structfield>.</para>
+
+    <para>Note applications can be preempted for unknown periods right
+before or after the <constant>VIDIOC_STREAMON</constant> or
+<constant>VIDIOC_STREAMOFF</constant> calls, there is no notion of
+starting or stopping "now". Buffer timestamps can be used to
+synchronize with other events.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Streaming I/O is not supported, the buffer
+<structfield>type</structfield> is not supported, or no buffers have
+been allocated (memory mapping) or enqueued (output) yet.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->