/*
* builtin-stat.c
*
* Builtin stat command: Give a precise performance counters summary
* overview about any workload, CPU or specific PID.
*
* Sample output:
$ perf stat ~/hackbench 10
Time: 0.104
Performance counter stats for '/home/mingo/hackbench':
1255.538611 task clock ticks # 10.143 CPU utilization factor
54011 context switches # 0.043 M/sec
385 CPU migrations # 0.000 M/sec
17755 pagefaults # 0.014 M/sec
3808323185 CPU cycles # 3033.219 M/sec
1575111190 instructions # 1254.530 M/sec
17367895 cache references # 13.833 M/sec
7674421 cache misses # 6.112 M/sec
Wall-clock time elapsed: 123.786620 msecs
*
* Copyright (C) 2008, Red Hat Inc, Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
*
* Improvements and fixes by:
*
* Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
* Yanmin Zhang <yanmin.zhang@intel.com>
* Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
* Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
* Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
* Jaswinder Singh Rajput <jaswinder@kernel.org>
*
* Released under the GPL v2. (and only v2, not any later version)
*/
#include "perf.h"
#include "builtin.h"
#include "util/util.h"
#include "util/parse-options.h"
#include "util/parse-events.h"
#include "util/event.h"
#include "util/debug.h"
#include "util/header.h"
#include "util/cpumap.h"
#include "util/thread.h"
#include <sys/prctl.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <locale.h>
static struct perf_event_attr default_attrs[] = {
{ .type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_SW_TASK_CLOCK },
{ .type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_SW_CONTEXT_SWITCHES },
{ .type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_SW_CPU_MIGRATIONS },
{ .type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_SW_PAGE_FAULTS },
{ .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_CPU_CYCLES },
{ .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_INSTRUCTIONS },
{ .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS },
{ .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_BRANCH_MISSES },
{ .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_REFERENCES },
{ .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_MISSES },
};
static bool system_wide = false;
static int nr_cpus = 0;
static int run_idx = 0;
static int run_count = 1;
static bool no_inherit = false;
static bool scale = true;
static pid_t target_pid = -1;
static pid_t target_tid = -1;
static pid_t *all_tids = NULL;
static int thread_num = 0;
static pid_t child_pid = -1;
static bool null_run = false;
static bool big_num = false;
static const char *cpu_list;
static int *fd[MAX_NR_CPUS][MAX_COUNTERS];
static int event_scaled[MAX_COUNTERS];
static volatile int done = 0;
struct stats
{
double n, mean, M2;
};
static void update_stats(struct stats *stats, u64 val)
{
double delta;
stats->n++;
delta = val - stats->mean;
stats->mean += delta / stats->n;
stats->M2 += delta*(val - stats->mean);
}
static double avg_stats(struct stats *stats)
{
return stats->mean;
}
/*
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms_for_calculating_variance
*
* (\Sum n_i^2) - ((\Sum n_i)^2)/n
* s^2 = -------------------------------
* n - 1
*
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stddev
*
* The std dev of the mean is related to the std dev by:
*
* s
* s_mean = -------
* sqrt(n)
*
*/
static double stddev_stats(struct stats *stats)
{
double variance = stats->M2 / (stats->n - 1);
double variance_mean = variance / stats->n;
return sqrt(variance_mean);
}
struct stats event_res_stats[MAX_COUNTERS][3];
struct stats runtime_nsecs_stats;
struct stats walltime_nsecs_stats;
struct stats runtime_cycles_stats;
struct stats runtime_branches_stats;
#define MATCH_EVENT(t, c, counter) \
(attrs[counter].type == PERF_TYPE_##t && \
attrs[counter].config == PERF_COUNT_##c)
#define ERR_PERF_OPEN \
"Error: counter %d, sys_perf_event_open() syscall returned with %d (%s)\n"
static int create_perf_stat_counter(int counter)
{
struct perf_event_attr *attr = attrs + counter;
int thread;
int ncreated = 0;
if (scale)
attr->read_format = PERF_FORMAT_TOTAL_TIME_ENABLED |
PERF_FORMAT_TOTAL_TIME_RUNNING;
if (system_wide) {
int cpu;
for (cpu = 0; cpu < nr_cpus; cpu++) {
fd[cpu][counter][0] = sys_perf_event_open(attr,
-1, cpumap[cpu], -1, 0);
if (fd[cpu][counter][0] < 0)
pr_debug(ERR_PERF_OPEN, counter,
fd[cpu][counter][0], strerror(errno));
else
++ncreated;
}
} else {
attr->inherit = !no_inherit;
if (target_pid == -1 && target_tid == -1) {
attr->disabled = 1;
attr->enable_on_exec = 1;
}
for (thread = 0; thread < thread_num; thread++) {
fd[0][counter][thread] = sys_perf_event_open(attr,
all_tids[thread], -1, -1, 0);
if (fd[0][counter][thread] < 0)
pr_debug(ERR_PERF_OPEN, counter,
fd[0][counter][thread],
strerror(errno));
else
++ncreated;
}
}
return ncreated;
}
/*
* Does the counter have nsecs as a unit?
*/
static inline int nsec_counter(int counter)
{
if (MATCH_EVENT(SOFTWARE, SW_CPU_CLOCK, counter) ||
MATCH_EVENT(SOFTWARE, SW_TASK_CLOCK, counter))
return 1;
return 0;
}
/*
* Read out the results of a single counter:
*/
static void read_counter(int counter)
{
u64 count[3], single_count[3];
int cpu;
size_t res, nv;
int scaled;
int i, thread;
count[0] = count[1] = count[2] = 0;
nv = scale ? 3 : 1;
for (cpu = 0; cpu < nr_cpus; cpu++) {
for (thread = 0; thread < thread_num; thread++) {
if (fd[cpu][counter][thread] < 0)
continue;
res = read(fd[cpu][counter][thread],
single_count, nv * sizeof(u64));
assert(res == nv * sizeof(u64));
close(fd[cpu][counter][thread]);
fd[cpu][counter][thread] = -1;
count[0] += single_count[0];
if (scale) {
count[1] += single_count[1];
count[2] += single_count[2];
}
}
}
scaled = 0;
if (scale) {
if (count[2] == 0) {
event_scaled[counter] = -1;
count[0] = 0;
return;
}
if (count[2] < count[1]) {
event_scaled[counter] = 1;
count[0] = (unsigned long long)
((double)count[0] * count[1] / count[2] + 0.5);
}
}
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
update_stats(&event_res_stats[counter][i], count[i]);
if (verbose) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: %Ld %Ld %Ld\n", event_name(counter),
count[0], count[1], count[2]);
}
/*
* Save the full runtime - to allow normalization during printout:
*/
if (MATCH_EVENT(SOFTWARE, SW_TASK_CLOCK, counter))
update_stats(&runtime_nsecs_stats, count[0]);
if (MATCH_EVENT(HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES, counter))
update_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats, count[0]);
if (MATCH_EVENT(HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS, counter))
update_stats(&runtime_branches_stats, count[0]);
}
static int run_perf_stat(int argc __used, const char **argv)
{
unsigned long long t0, t1;
int status = 0;
int counter, ncreated = 0;
int child_ready_pipe[2], go_pipe[2];
const bool forks = (argc > 0);
char buf;
if (!system_wide)
nr_cpus = 1;
if (forks && (pipe(child_ready_pipe) < 0 || pipe(go_pipe) < 0)) {
perror("failed to create pipes");
exit(1);
}
if (forks) {
if ((child_pid = fork()) < 0)
perror("failed to fork");
if (!child_pid) {
close(child_ready_pipe[0]);
close(go_pipe[1]);
fcntl(go_pipe[0], F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
/*
* Do a dummy execvp to get the PLT entry resolved,
* so we avoid the resolver overhead on the real
* execvp call.
*/
execvp("", (char **)argv);
/*
* Tell the parent we're ready to go
*/
close(child_ready_pipe[1]);
/*
* Wait until the parent tells us to go.
*/
if (read(go_pipe[0], &buf, 1) == -1)
perror("unable to read pipe");
execvp(argv[0], (char **)argv);
perror(argv[0]);
exit(-1);
}
if (target_tid == -1 && target_pid == -1 && !system_wide)
all_tids[0] = child_pid;
/*
* Wait for the child to be ready to exec.
*/
close(child_ready_pipe[1]);
close(go_pipe[0]);
if (read(child_ready_pipe[0], &buf, 1) == -1)
perror("unable to read pipe");
close(child_ready_pipe[0]);
}
for (counter = 0; counter < nr_counters; counter++)
ncreated += create_perf_stat_counter(counter);
if (ncreated == 0) {
pr_err("No permission to collect %sstats.\n"
"Consider tweaking /proc/sys/kernel/perf_event_paranoid.\n",
system_wide ? "system-wide " : "");
if (child_pid != -1)
kill(child_pid, SIGTERM);
return -1;
}
/*
* Enable counters and exec the command:
*/
t0 = rdclock();
if (forks) {
close(go_pipe[1]);
wait(&status);
} else {
while(!done) sleep(1);
}
t1 = rdclock();
update_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats, t1 - t0);
for (counter = 0; counter < nr_counters; counter++)
read_counter(counter);
return WEXITSTATUS(status);
}
static void print_noise(int counter, double avg)
{
if (run_count == 1)
return;
fprintf(stderr, " ( +- %7.3f%% )",
100 * stddev_stats(&event_res_stats[counter][0]) / avg);
}
static void nsec_printout(int counter, double avg)
{
double msecs = avg / 1e6;
fprintf(stderr, " %18.6f %-24s", msecs, event_name(counter));
if (MATCH_EVENT(SOFTWARE, SW_TASK_CLOCK, counter)) {
fprintf(stderr, " # %10.3f CPUs ",
avg / avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats));
}
}
static void abs_printout(int counter, double avg)
{
double total, ratio = 0.0;
if (big_num)
fprintf(stderr, " %'18.0f %-24s", avg, event_name(counter));
else
fprintf(stderr, " %18.0f %-24s", avg, event_name(counter));
if (MATCH_EVENT(HARDWARE, HW_INSTRUCTIONS, counter)) {
total = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats);
if (total)
ratio = avg / total;
fprintf(stderr, " # %10.3f IPC ", ratio);
} else if (MATCH_EVENT(HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_MISSES, counter) &&
runtime_branches_stats.n != 0) {
total = avg_stats(&runtime_branches_stats);
if (total)
ratio = avg * 100 / total;
fprintf(stderr, " # %10.3f %% ", ratio);
} else if (runtime_nsecs_stats.n != 0) {
total = avg_stats(&runtime_nsecs_stats);
if (total)
ratio = 1000.0 * avg / total;
fprintf(stderr, " # %10.3f M/sec", ratio);
}
}
/*
* Print out the results of a single counter:
*/
static void print_counter(int counter)
{
double avg = avg_stats(&event_res_stats[counter][0]);
int scaled = event_scaled[counter];
if (scaled == -1) {
fprintf(stderr, " %18s %-24s\n",
"<not counted>", event_name(counter));
return;
}
if (nsec_counter(counter))
nsec_printout(counter, avg);
else
abs_printout(counter, avg);
print_noise(counter, avg);
if (scaled) {
double avg_enabled, avg_running;
avg_enabled = avg_stats(&event_res_stats[counter][1]);
avg_running = avg_stats(&event_res_stats[counter][2]);
fprintf(stderr, " (scaled from %.2f%%)",
100 * avg_running / avg_enabled);
}
fprintf(stderr, "\n");
}
static void print_stat(int argc, const char **argv)
{
int i, counter;
fflush(stdout);
fprintf(stderr, "\n");
fprintf(stderr, " Performance counter stats for ");
if(target_pid == -1 && target_tid == -1) {
fprintf(stderr, "\'%s", argv[0]);
for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
fprintf(stderr, " %s", argv[i]);
} else if (target_pid != -1)
fprintf(stderr, "process id \'%d", target_pid);
else
fprintf(stderr, "thread id \'%d", target_tid);
fprintf(stderr, "\'");
if (run_count > 1)
fprintf(stderr, " (%d runs)", run_count);
fprintf(stderr, ":\n\n");
for (counter = 0; counter < nr_counters; counter++)
print_counter(counter);
fprintf(stderr, "\n");
fprintf(stderr, " %18.9f seconds time elapsed",
avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats)/1e9);
if (run_count > 1) {
fprintf(stderr, " ( +- %7.3f%% )",
100*stddev_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats) /
avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats));
}
fprintf(stderr, "\n\n");
}
static volatile int signr = -1;
static void skip_signal(int signo)
{
if(child_pid == -1)
done = 1;
signr = signo;
}
static void sig_atexit(void)
{
if (child_pid != -1)
kill(child_pid, SIGTERM);
if (signr == -1)
return;
signal(signr, SIG_DFL);
kill(getpid(), signr);
}
static const char * const stat_usage[] = {
"perf stat [<options>] [<command>]",
NULL
};
static const struct option options[] = {
OPT_CALLBACK('e', "event", NULL, "event",
"event selector. use 'perf list' to list available events",
parse_events),
OPT_BOOLEAN('i', "no-inherit", &no_inherit,
"child tasks do not inherit counters"),
OPT_INTEGER('p', "pid", &target_pid,
"stat events on existing process id"),
OPT_INTEGER('t', "tid", &target_tid,
"stat events on existing thread id"),
OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "all-cpus", &system_wide,
"system-wide collection from all CPUs"),
OPT_BOOLEAN('c', "scale", &scale,
"scale/normalize counters"),
OPT_INCR('v', "verbose", &verbose,
"be more verbose (show counter open errors, etc)"),
OPT_INTEGER('r', "repeat", &run_count,
"repeat command and print average + stddev (max: 100)"),
OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "null", &null_run,
"null run - dont start any counters"),
OPT_BOOLEAN('B', "big-num", &big_num,
"print large numbers with thousands\' separators"),
OPT_STRING('C', "cpu", &cpu_list, "cpu",
"list of cpus to monitor in system-wide"),
OPT_END()
};
int cmd_stat(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix __used)
{
int status;
int i,j;
setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
argc = parse_options(argc, argv, options, stat_usage,
PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION);
if (!argc && target_pid == -1 && target_tid == -1)
usage_with_options(stat_usage, options);
if (run_count <= 0)
usage_with_options(stat_usage, options);
/* Set attrs and nr_counters if no event is selected and !null_run */
if (!null_run && !nr_counters) {
memcpy(attrs, default_attrs, sizeof(default_attrs));
nr_counters = ARRAY_SIZE(default_attrs);
}
if (system_wide)
nr_cpus = read_cpu_map(cpu_list);
else
nr_cpus = 1;
if (nr_cpus < 1)
usage_with_options(stat_usage, options);
if (target_pid != -1) {
target_tid = target_pid;
thread_num = find_all_tid(target_pid, &all_tids);
if (thread_num <= 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Can't find all threads of pid %d\n",
target_pid);
usage_with_options(stat_usage, options);
}
} else {
all_tids=malloc(sizeof(pid_t));
if (!all_tids)
return -ENOMEM;
all_tids[0] = target_tid;
thread_num = 1;
}
for (i = 0; i < MAX_NR_CPUS; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < MAX_COUNTERS; j++) {
fd[i][j] = malloc(sizeof(int)*thread_num);
if (!fd[i][j])
return -ENOMEM;
}
}
/*
* We dont want to block the signals - that would cause
* child tasks to inherit that and Ctrl-C would not work.
* What we want is for Ctrl-C to work in the exec()-ed
* task, but being ignored by perf stat itself:
*/
atexit(sig_atexit);
signal(SIGINT, skip_signal);
signal(SIGALRM, skip_signal);
signal(SIGABRT, skip_signal);
status = 0;
for (run_idx = 0; run_idx < run_count; run_idx++) {
if (run_count != 1 && verbose)
fprintf(stderr, "[ perf stat: executing run #%d ... ]\n", run_idx + 1);
status = run_perf_stat(argc, argv);
}
if (status != -1)
print_stat(argc, argv);
return status;
}
