#include <linux/ioport.h>
#include <linux/swap.h>
#include <asm/cacheflush.h>
#include <asm/e820.h>
#include <asm/init.h>
#include <asm/page.h>
#include <asm/page_types.h>
#include <asm/sections.h>
#include <asm/setup.h>
#include <asm/system.h>
#include <asm/tlbflush.h>
#include <asm/tlb.h>
DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct mmu_gather, mmu_gathers);
unsigned long __initdata e820_table_start;
unsigned long __meminitdata e820_table_end;
unsigned long __meminitdata e820_table_top;
int after_bootmem;
int direct_gbpages
#ifdef CONFIG_DIRECT_GBPAGES
= 1
#endif
;
int nx_enabled;
#if defined(CONFIG_X86_64) || defined(CONFIG_X86_PAE)
static int disable_nx __cpuinitdata;
/*
* noexec = on|off
*
* Control non-executable mappings for processes.
*
* on Enable
* off Disable
*/
static int __init noexec_setup(char *str)
{
if (!str)
return -EINVAL;
if (!strncmp(str, "on", 2)) {
__supported_pte_mask |= _PAGE_NX;
disable_nx = 0;
} else if (!strncmp(str, "off", 3)) {
disable_nx = 1;
__supported_pte_mask &= ~_PAGE_NX;
}
return 0;
}
early_param("noexec", noexec_setup);
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
static void __init set_nx(void)
{
unsigned int v[4], l, h;
if (cpu_has_pae && (cpuid_eax(0x80000000) > 0x80000001)) {
cpuid(0x80000001, &v[0], &v[1], &v[2], &v[3]);
if ((v[3] & (1 << 20)) && !disable_nx) {
rdmsr(MSR_EFER, l, h);
l |= EFER_NX;
wrmsr(MSR_EFER, l, h);
nx_enabled = 1;
__supported_pte_mask |= _PAGE_NX;
}
}
}
#else
static inline void set_nx(void)
{
}
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
void __cpuinit check_efer(void)
{
unsigned long efer;
rdmsrl(MSR_EFER, efer);
if (!(efer & EFER_NX) || disable_nx)
__supported_pte_mask &= ~_PAGE_NX;
}
#endif
static void __init find_early_table_space(unsigned long end, int use_pse,
int use_gbpages)
{
unsigned long puds, pmds, ptes, tables, start;
puds = (end + PUD_SIZE - 1) >> PUD_SHIFT;
tables = roundup(puds * sizeof(pud_t), PAGE_SIZE);
if (use_gbpages) {
unsigned long extra;
extra = end - ((end>>PUD_SHIFT) << PUD_SHIFT);
pmds = (extra + PMD_SIZE - 1) >> PMD_SHIFT;
} else
pmds = (end + PMD_SIZE - 1) >> PMD_SHIFT;
tables += roundup(pmds * sizeof(pmd_t), PAGE_SIZE);
if (use_pse) {
unsigned long extra;
extra = end - ((end>>PMD_SHIFT) << PMD_SHIFT);
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
extra += PMD_SIZE;
#endif
ptes = (extra + PAGE_SIZE - 1) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
} else
ptes = (end + PAGE_SIZE - 1) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
tables += roundup(ptes * sizeof(pte_t), PAGE_SIZE);
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
/* for fixmap */
tables += roundup(__end_of_fixed_addresses * sizeof(pte_t), PAGE_SIZE);
#endif
/*
* RED-PEN putting page tables only on node 0 could
* cause a hotspot and fill up ZONE_DMA. The page tables
* need roughly 0.5KB per GB.
*/
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
start = 0x7000;
#else
start = 0x8000;
#endif
e820_table_start = find_e820_area(start, max_pfn_mapped<<PAGE_SHIFT,
tables, PAGE_SIZE);
if (e820_table_start == -1UL)
panic("Cannot find space for the kernel page tables");
e820_table_start >>= PAGE_SHIFT;
e820_table_end = e820_table_start;
e820_table_top = e820_table_start + (tables >> PAGE_SHIFT);
printk(KERN_DEBUG "kernel direct mapping tables up to %lx @ %lx-%lx\n",
end, e820_table_start << PAGE_SHIFT, e820_table_top << PAGE_SHIFT);
}
struct map_range {
unsigned long start;
unsigned long end;
unsigned page_size_mask;
};
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
#define NR_RANGE_MR 3
#else /* CONFIG_X86_64 */
#define NR_RANGE_MR 5
#endif
static int __meminit save_mr(struct map_range *mr, int nr_range,
unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn,
unsigned long page_size_mask)
{
if (start_pfn < end_pfn) {
if (nr_range >= NR_RANGE_MR)
panic("run out of range for init_memory_mapping\n");
mr[nr_range].start = start_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT;
mr[nr_range].end = end_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT;
mr[nr_range].page_size_mask = page_size_mask;
nr_range++;
}
return nr_range;
}
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
static void __init init_gbpages(void)
{
if (direct_gbpages && cpu_has_gbpages)
printk(KERN_INFO "Using GB pages for direct mapping\n");
else
direct_gbpages = 0;
}
#else
static inline void init_gbpages(void)
{
}
#endif
/*
* Setup the direct mapping of the physical memory at PAGE_OFFSET.
* This runs before bootmem is initialized and gets pages directly from
* the physical memory. To access them they are temporarily mapped.
*/
unsigned long __init_refok init_memory_mapping(unsigned long start,
unsigned long end)
{
unsigned long page_size_mask = 0;
unsigned long start_pfn, end_pfn;
unsigned long ret = 0;
unsigned long pos;
struct map_range mr[NR_RANGE_MR];
int nr_range, i;
int use_pse, use_gbpages;
printk(KERN_INFO "init_memory_mapping: %016lx-%016lx\n", start, end);
if (!after_bootmem)
init_gbpages();
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC
/*
* For CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC, identity mapping will use small pages.
* This will simplify cpa(), which otherwise needs to support splitting
* large pages into small in interrupt context, etc.
*/
use_pse = use_gbpages = 0;
#else
use_pse = cpu_has_pse;
use_gbpages = direct_gbpages;
#endif
set_nx();
if (nx_enabled)
printk(KERN_INFO "NX (Execute Disable) protection: active\n");
/* Enable PSE if available */
if (cpu_has_pse)
set_in_cr4(X86_CR4_PSE);
/* Enable PGE if available */
if (cpu_has_pge) {
set_in_cr4(X86_CR4_PGE);
__supported_pte_mask |= _PAGE_GLOBAL;
}
if (use_gbpages)
page_size_mask |= 1 << PG_LEVEL_1G;
if (use_pse)
page_size_mask |= 1 << PG_LEVEL_2M;
memset(mr, 0, sizeof(mr));
nr_range = 0;
/* head if not big page alignment ? */
start_pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
pos = start_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
/*
* Don't use a large page for the first 2/4MB of memory
* because there are often fixed size MTRRs in there
* and overlapping MTRRs into large pages can cause
* slowdowns.
*/
if (pos == 0)
end_pfn = 1<<(PMD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
else
end_pfn = ((pos + (PMD_SIZE - 1))>>PMD_SHIFT)
<< (PMD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
#else /* CONFIG_X86_64 */
end_pfn = ((pos + (PMD_SIZE - 1)) >> PMD_SHIFT)
<< (PMD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
#endif
if (end_pfn > (end >> PAGE_SHIFT))
end_pfn = end >> PAGE_SHIFT;
if (start_pfn < end_pfn) {
nr_range = save_mr(mr, nr_range, start_pfn, end_pfn, 0);
pos = end_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
}
/* big page (2M) range */
start_pfn = ((pos + (PMD_SIZE - 1))>>PMD_SHIFT)
<< (PMD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
end_pfn = (end>>PMD_SHIFT) << (PMD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
#else /* CONFIG_X86_64 */
end_pfn = ((pos + (PUD_SIZE - 1))>>PUD_SHIFT)
<< (PUD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
if (end_pfn > ((end>>PMD_SHIFT)<<(PMD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT)))
end_pfn = ((end>>PMD_SHIFT)<<(PMD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT));
#endif
if (start_pfn < end_pfn) {
nr_range = save_mr(mr, nr_range, start_pfn, end_pfn,
page_size_mask & (1<<PG_LEVEL_2M));
pos = end_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
}
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
/* big page (1G) range */
start_pfn = ((pos + (PUD_SIZE - 1))>>PUD_SHIFT)
<< (PUD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
end_pfn = (end >> PUD_SHIFT) << (PUD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
if (start_pfn < end_pfn) {
nr_range = save_mr(mr, nr_range, start_pfn, end_pfn,
page_size_mask &
((1<<PG_LEVEL_2M)|(1<<PG_LEVEL_1G)));
pos = end_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
}
/* tail is not big page (1G) alignment */
start_pfn = ((pos + (PMD_SIZE - 1))>>PMD_SHIFT)
<< (PMD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
end_pfn = (end >> PMD_SHIFT) << (PMD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
if (start_pfn < end_pfn) {
nr_range = save_mr(mr, nr_range, start_pfn, end_pfn,
page_size_mask & (1<<PG_LEVEL_2M));
pos = end_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
}
#endif
/* tail is not big page (2M) alignment */
start_pfn = pos>>PAGE_SHIFT;
end_pfn = end>>PAGE_SHIFT;
nr_range = save_mr(mr, nr_range, start_pfn, end_pfn, 0);
/* try to merge same page size and continuous */
for (i = 0; nr_range > 1 && i < nr_range - 1; i++) {
unsigned long old_start;
if (mr[i].end != mr[i+1].start ||
mr[i].page_size_mask != mr[i+1].page_size_mask)
continue;
/* move it */
old_start = mr[i].start;
memmove(&mr[i], &mr[i+1],
(nr_range - 1 - i) * sizeof(struct map_range));
mr[i--].start = old_start;
nr_range--;
}
for (i = 0; i < nr_range; i++)
printk(KERN_DEBUG " %010lx - %010lx page %s\n",
mr[i].start, mr[i].end,
(mr[i].page_size_mask & (1<<PG_LEVEL_1G))?"1G":(
(mr[i].page_size_mask & (1<<PG_LEVEL_2M))?"2M":"4k"));
/*
* Find space for the kernel direct mapping tables.
*
* Later we should allocate these tables in the local node of the
* memory mapped. Unfortunately this is done currently before the
* nodes are discovered.
*/
if (!after_bootmem)
find_early_table_space(end, use_pse, use_gbpages);
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
for (i = 0; i < nr_range; i++)
kernel_physical_mapping_init(mr[i].start, mr[i].end,
mr[i].page_size_mask);
ret = end;
#else /* CONFIG_X86_64 */
for (i = 0; i < nr_range; i++)
ret = kernel_physical_mapping_init(mr[i].start, mr[i].end,
mr[i].page_size_mask);
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
early_ioremap_page_table_range_init();
load_cr3(swapper_pg_dir);
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
if (!after_bootmem && !start) {
pud_t *pud;
pmd_t *pmd;
mmu_cr4_features = read_cr4();
/*
* _brk_end cannot change anymore, but it and _end may be
* located on different 2M pages. cleanup_highmap(), however,
* can only consider _end when it runs, so destroy any
* mappings beyond _brk_end here.
*/
pud = pud_offset(pgd_offset_k(_brk_end), _brk_end);
pmd = pmd_offset(pud, _brk_end - 1);
while (++pmd <= pmd_offset(pud, (unsigned long)_end - 1))
pmd_clear(pmd);
}
#endif
__flush_tlb_all();
if (!after_bootmem && e820_table_end > e820_table_start)
reserve_early(e820_table_start << PAGE_SHIFT,
e820_table_end << PAGE_SHIFT, "PGTABLE");
if (!after_bootmem)
early_memtest(start, end);
return ret >> PAGE_SHIFT;
}
/*
* devmem_is_allowed() checks to see if /dev/mem access to a certain address
* is valid. The argument is a physical page number.
*
*
* On x86, access has to be given to the first megabyte of ram because that area
* contains bios code and data regions used by X and dosemu and similar apps.
* Access has to be given to non-kernel-ram areas as well, these contain the PCI
* mmio resources as well as potential bios/acpi data regions.
*/
int devmem_is_allowed(unsigned long pagenr)
{
if (pagenr <= 256)
return 1;
if (iomem_is_exclusive(pagenr << PAGE_SHIFT))
return 0;
if (!page_is_ram(pagenr))
return 1;
return 0;
}
void free_init_pages(char *what, unsigned long begin, unsigned long end)
{
unsigned long addr = begin;
if (addr >= end)
return;
/*
* If debugging page accesses then do not free this memory but
* mark them not present - any buggy init-section access will
* create a kernel page fault:
*/
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC
printk(KERN_INFO "debug: unmapping init memory %08lx..%08lx\n",
begin, PAGE_ALIGN(end));
set_memory_np(begin, (end - begin) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
#else
/*
* We just marked the kernel text read only above, now that
* we are going to free part of that, we need to make that
* writeable first.
*/
set_memory_rw(begin, (end - begin) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
printk(KERN_INFO "Freeing %s: %luk freed\n", what, (end - begin) >> 10);
for (; addr < end; addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
ClearPageReserved(virt_to_page(addr));
init_page_count(virt_to_page(addr));
memset((void *)(addr & ~(PAGE_SIZE-1)),
POISON_FREE_INITMEM, PAGE_SIZE);
free_page(addr);
totalram_pages++;
}
#endif
}
void free_initmem(void)
{
free_init_pages("unused kernel memory",
(unsigned long)(&__init_begin),
(unsigned long)(&__init_end));
}
#ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
void free_initrd_mem(unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
{
free_init_pages("initrd memory", start, end);
}
#endif
