/*
* linux/arch/i386/nmi.c
*
* NMI watchdog support on APIC systems
*
* Started by Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
*
* Fixes:
* Mikael Pettersson : AMD K7 support for local APIC NMI watchdog.
* Mikael Pettersson : Power Management for local APIC NMI watchdog.
* Mikael Pettersson : Pentium 4 support for local APIC NMI watchdog.
* Pavel Machek and
* Mikael Pettersson : PM converted to driver model. Disable/enable API.
*/
#include <linux/config.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/nmi.h>
#include <linux/sysdev.h>
#include <linux/sysctl.h>
#include <linux/percpu.h>
#include <asm/smp.h>
#include <asm/nmi.h>
#include <asm/intel_arch_perfmon.h>
#include "mach_traps.h"
unsigned int nmi_watchdog = NMI_NONE;
extern int unknown_nmi_panic;
static unsigned int nmi_hz = HZ;
static unsigned int nmi_perfctr_msr; /* the MSR to reset in NMI handler */
static unsigned int nmi_p4_cccr_val;
extern void show_registers(struct pt_regs *regs);
/*
* lapic_nmi_owner tracks the ownership of the lapic NMI hardware:
* - it may be reserved by some other driver, or not
* - when not reserved by some other driver, it may be used for
* the NMI watchdog, or not
*
* This is maintained separately from nmi_active because the NMI
* watchdog may also be driven from the I/O APIC timer.
*/
static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(lapic_nmi_owner_lock);
static unsigned int lapic_nmi_owner;
#define LAPIC_NMI_WATCHDOG (1<<0)
#define LAPIC_NMI_RESERVED (1<<1)
/* nmi_active:
* +1: the lapic NMI watchdog is active, but can be disabled
* 0: the lapic NMI watchdog has not been set up, and cannot
* be enabled
* -1: the lapic NMI watchdog is disabled, but can be enabled
*/
int nmi_active;
#define K7_EVNTSEL_ENABLE (1 << 22)
#define K7_EVNTSEL_INT (1 << 20)
#define K7_EVNTSEL_OS (1 << 17)
#define K7_EVNTSEL_USR (1 << 16)
#define K7_EVENT_CYCLES_PROCESSOR_IS_RUNNING 0x76
#define K7_NMI_EVENT K7_EVENT_CYCLES_PROCESSOR_IS_RUNNING
#define P6_EVNTSEL0_ENABLE (1 << 22)
#define P6_EVNTSEL_INT (1 << 20)
#define P6_EVNTSEL_OS (1 << 17)
#define P6_EVNTSEL_USR (1 << 16)
#define P6_EVENT_CPU_CLOCKS_NOT_HALTED 0x79
#define P6_NMI_EVENT P6_EVENT_CPU_CLOCKS_NOT_HALTED
#define MSR_P4_MISC_ENABLE 0x1A0
#define MSR_P4_MISC_ENABLE_PERF_AVAIL (1<<7)
#define MSR_P4_MISC_ENABLE_PEBS_UNAVAIL (1<<12)
#define MSR_P4_PERFCTR0 0x300
#define MSR_P4_CCCR0 0x360
#define P4_ESCR_EVENT_SELECT(N) ((N)<<25)
#define P4_ESCR_OS (1<<3)
#define P4_ESCR_USR (1<<2)
#define P4_CCCR_OVF_PMI0 (1<<26)
#define P4_CCCR_OVF_PMI1 (1<<27)
#define P4_CCCR_THRESHOLD(N) ((N)<<20)
#define P4_CCCR_COMPLEMENT (1<<19)
#define P4_CCCR_COMPARE (1<<18)
#define P4_CCCR_REQUIRED (3<<16)
#define P4_CCCR_ESCR_SELECT(N) ((N)<<13)
#define P4_CCCR_ENABLE (1<<12)
/* Set up IQ_COUNTER0 to behave like a clock, by having IQ_CCCR0 filter
CRU_ESCR0 (with any non-null event selector) through a complemented
max threshold. [IA32-Vol3, Section 14.9.9] */
#define MSR_P4_IQ_COUNTER0 0x30C
#define P4_NMI_CRU_ESCR0 (P4_ESCR_EVENT_SELECT(0x3F)|P4_ESCR_OS|P4_ESCR_USR)
#define P4_NMI_IQ_CCCR0 \
(P4_CCCR_OVF_PMI0|P4_CCCR_THRESHOLD(15)|P4_CCCR_COMPLEMENT| \
P4_CCCR_COMPARE|P4_CCCR_REQUIRED|P4_CCCR_ESCR_SELECT(4)|P4_CCCR_ENABLE)
#define ARCH_PERFMON_NMI_EVENT_SEL ARCH_PERFMON_UNHALTED_CORE_CYCLES_SEL
#define ARCH_PERFMON_NMI_EVENT_UMASK ARCH_PERFMON_UNHALTED_CORE_CYCLES_UMASK
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
/* The performance counters used by NMI_LOCAL_APIC don't trigger when
* the CPU is idle. To make sure the NMI watchdog really ticks on all
* CPUs during the test make them busy.
*/
static __init void nmi_cpu_busy(void *data)
{
volatile int *endflag = data;
local_irq_enable();
/* Intentionally don't use cpu_relax here. This is
to make sure that the performance counter really ticks,
even if there is a simulator or similar that catches the
pause instruction. On a real HT machine this is fine because
all other CPUs are busy with "useless" delay loops and don't
care if they get somewhat less cycles. */
while (*endflag == 0)
barrier();
}
#endif
static int __init check_nmi_watchdog(void)
{
volatile int endflag = 0;
unsigned int *prev_nmi_count;
int cpu;
if (nmi_watchdog == NMI_NONE)
return 0;
prev_nmi_count = kmalloc(NR_CPUS * sizeof(int), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!prev_nmi_count)
return -1;
printk(KERN_INFO "Testing NMI watchdog ... ");
if (nmi_watchdog == NMI_LOCAL_APIC)
smp_call_function(nmi_cpu_busy, (void *)&endflag, 0, 0);
for_each_possible_cpu(cpu)
prev_nmi_count[cpu] = per_cpu(irq_stat, cpu).__nmi_count;
local_irq_enable();
mdelay((10*1000)/nmi_hz); // wait 10 ticks
for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
/* Check cpu_callin_map here because that is set
after the timer is started. */
if (!cpu_isset(cpu, cpu_callin_map))
continue;
#endif
if (nmi_count(cpu) - prev_nmi_count[cpu] <= 5) {
endflag = 1;
printk("CPU#%d: NMI appears to be stuck (%d->%d)!\n",
cpu,
prev_nmi_count[cpu],
nmi_count(cpu));
nmi_active = 0;
lapic_nmi_owner &= ~LAPIC_NMI_WATCHDOG;
kfree(prev_nmi_count);
return -1;
}
}
endflag = 1;
printk("OK.\n");
/* now that we know it works we can reduce NMI frequency to
something more reasonable; makes a difference in some configs */
if (nmi_watchdog == NMI_LOCAL_APIC)
nmi_hz = 1;
kfree(prev_nmi_count);
return 0;
}
/* This needs to happen later in boot so counters are working */
late_initcall(check_nmi_watchdog);
static int __init setup_nmi_watchdog(char *str)
{
int nmi;
get_option(&str, &nmi);
if (nmi >= NMI_INVALID)
return 0;
if (nmi == NMI_NONE)
nmi_watchdog = nmi;
/*
* If any other x86 CPU has a local APIC, then
* please test the NMI stuff there and send me the
* missing bits. Right now Intel P6/P4 and AMD K7 only.
*/
if ((nmi == NMI_LOCAL_APIC) &&
(boot_cpu_data.x86_vendor == X86_VENDOR_INTEL) &&
(boot_cpu_data.x86 == 6 || boot_cpu_data.x86 == 15))
nmi_watchdog = nmi;
if ((nmi == NMI_LOCAL_APIC) &&
(boot_cpu_data.x86_vendor == X86_VENDOR_AMD) &&
(boot_cpu_data.x86 == 6 || boot_cpu_data.x86 == 15))
nmi_watchdog = nmi;
/*
* We can enable the IO-APIC watchdog
* unconditionally.
*/
if (nmi == NMI_IO_APIC) {
nmi_active = 1;
nmi_watchdog = nmi;
}
return 1;
}
__setup("nmi_watchdog=", setup_nmi_watchdog);
static void disable_intel_arch_watchdog(void);
static void disable_lapic_nmi_watchdog(void)
{
if (nmi_active <= 0)
return;
switch (boot_cpu_data.x86_vendor) {
case X86_VENDOR_AMD:
wrmsr(MSR_K7_EVNTSEL0, 0, 0);
break;
case X86_VENDOR_INTEL:
if (cpu_has(&boot_cpu_data, X86_FEATURE_ARCH_PERFMON)) {
disable_intel_arch_watchdog();
break;
}
switch (boot_cpu_data.x86) {
case 6:
if (boot_cpu_data.x86_model > 0xd)
break;
wrmsr(MSR_P6_EVNTSEL0, 0, 0);
break;
case 15:
if (boot_cpu_data.x86_model > 0x4)
break;
wrmsr(MSR_P4_IQ_CCCR0, 0, 0);
wrmsr(MSR_P4_CRU_ESCR0, 0, 0);
break;
}
break;
}
nmi_active = -1;
/* tell do_nmi() and others that we're not active any more */
nmi_watchdog = 0;
}
static void enable_lapic_nmi_watchdog(void)
{
if (nmi_active < 0) {
nmi_watchdog = NMI_LOCAL_APIC;
setup_apic_nmi_watchdog();
}
}
int reserve_lapic_nmi(void)
{
unsigned int old_owner;
spin_lock(&lapic_nmi_owner_lock);
old_owner = lapic_nmi_owner;
lapic_nmi_owner |= LAPIC_NMI_RESERVED;
spin_unlock(&lapic_nmi_owner_lock);
if (old_owner & LAPIC_NMI_RESERVED)
return -EBUSY;
if (old_owner & LAPIC_NMI_WATCHDOG)
disable_lapic_nmi_watchdog();
return 0;
}
void release_lapic_nmi(void)
{
unsigned int new_owner;
spin_lock(&lapic_nmi_owner_lock);
new_owner = lapic_nmi_owner & ~LAPIC_NMI_RESERVED;
lapic_nmi_owner = new_owner;
spin_unlock(&lapic_nmi_owner_lock);
if (new_owner & LAPIC_NMI_WATCHDOG)
enable_lapic_nmi_watchdog();
}
void disable_timer_nmi_watchdog(void)
{
if ((nmi_watchdog != NMI_IO_APIC) || (nmi_active <= 0))
return;
unset_nmi_callback();
nmi_active = -1;
nmi_watchdog = NMI_NONE;
}
void enable_timer_nmi_watchdog(void)
{
if (nmi_active < 0) {
nmi_watchdog = NMI_IO_APIC;
touch_nmi_watchdog();
nmi_active = 1;
}
}
#ifdef CONFIG_PM
static int nmi_pm_active; /* nmi_active before suspend */
static int lapic_nmi_suspend(struct sys_device *dev, pm_message_t state)
{
nmi_pm_active = nmi_active;
disable_lapic_nmi_watchdog();
return 0;
}
static int lapic_nmi_resume(struct sys_device *dev)
{
if (nmi_pm_active > 0)
enable_lapic_nmi_watchdog();
return 0;
}
static struct sysdev_class nmi_sysclass = {
set_kset_name("lapic_nmi"),
.resume = lapic_nmi_resume,
.suspend = lapic_nmi_suspend,
};
static struct sys_device device_lapic_nmi = {
.id = 0,
.cls = &nmi_sysclass,
};
static int __init init_lapic_nmi_sysfs(void)
{
int error;
if (nmi_active == 0 || nmi_watchdog != NMI_LOCAL_APIC)
return 0;
error = sysdev_class_register(&nmi_sysclass);
if (!error)
error = sysdev_register(&device_lapic_nmi);
return error;
}
/* must come after the local APIC's device_initcall() */
late_initcall(init_lapic_nmi_sysfs);
#endif /* CONFIG_PM */
/*
* Activate the NMI watchdog via the local APIC.
* Original code written by Keith Owens.
*/
static void clear_msr_range(unsigned int base, unsigned int n)
{
unsigned int i;
for(i = 0; i < n; ++i)
wrmsr(base+i, 0, 0);
}
static void write_watchdog_counter(const char *descr)
{
u64 count = (u64)cpu_khz * 1000;
do_div(count, nmi_hz);
if(descr)
Dprintk("setting %s to -0x%08Lx\n", descr, count);
wrmsrl(nmi_perfctr_msr, 0 - count);
}
static void setup_k7_watchdog(void)
{
unsigned int evntsel;
nmi_perfctr_msr = MSR_K7_PERFCTR0;
clear_msr_range(MSR_K7_EVNTSEL0, 4);
clear_msr_range(MSR_K7_PERFCTR0, 4);
evntsel = K7_EVNTSEL_INT
| K7_EVNTSEL_OS
| K7_EVNTSEL_USR
| K7_NMI_EVENT;
wrmsr(MSR_K7_EVNTSEL0, evntsel, 0);
write_watchdog_counter("K7_PERFCTR0");
apic_write(APIC_LVTPC, APIC_DM_NMI);
evntsel |= K7_EVNTSEL_ENABLE;
wrmsr(MSR_K7_EVNTSEL0, evntsel, 0);
}
static void setup_p6_watchdog(void)
{
unsigned int evntsel;
nmi_perfctr_msr = MSR_P6_PERFCTR0;
clear_msr_range(MSR_P6_EVNTSEL0, 2);
clear_msr_range(MSR_P6_PERFCTR0, 2);
evntsel = P6_EVNTSEL_INT
| P6_EVNTSEL_OS
| P6_EVNTSEL_USR
| P6_NMI_EVENT;
wrmsr(MSR_P6_EVNTSEL0, evntsel, 0);
write_watchdog_counter("P6_PERFCTR0");
apic_write(APIC_LVTPC, APIC_DM_NMI);
evntsel |= P6_EVNTSEL0_ENABLE;
wrmsr(MSR_P6_EVNTSEL0, evntsel, 0);
}
static int setup_p4_watchdog(void)
{
unsigned int misc_enable, dummy;
rdmsr(MSR_P4_MISC_ENABLE, misc_enable, dummy);
if (!(misc_enable & MSR_P4_MISC_ENABLE_PERF_AVAIL))
return 0;
nmi_perfctr_msr = MSR_P4_IQ_COUNTER0;
nmi_p4_cccr_val = P4_NMI_IQ_CCCR0;
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
if (smp_num_siblings == 2)
nmi_p4_cccr_val |= P4_CCCR_OVF_PMI1;
#endif
if (!(misc_enable & MSR_P4_MISC_ENABLE_PEBS_UNAVAIL))
clear_msr_range(0x3F1, 2);
/* MSR 0x3F0 seems to have a default value of 0xFC00, but current
docs doesn't fully define it, so leave it alone for now. */
if (boot_cpu_data.x86_model >= 0x3) {
/* MSR_P4_IQ_ESCR0/1 (0x3ba/0x3bb) removed */
clear_msr_range(0x3A0, 26);
clear_msr_range(0x3BC, 3);
} else {
clear_msr_range(0x3A0, 31);
}
clear_msr_range(0x3C0, 6);
clear_msr_range(0x3C8, 6);
clear_msr_range(0x3E0, 2);
clear_msr_range(MSR_P4_CCCR0, 18);
clear_msr_range(MSR_P4_PERFCTR0, 18);
wrmsr(MSR_P4_CRU_ESCR0, P4_NMI_CRU_ESCR0, 0);
wrmsr(MSR_P4_IQ_CCCR0, P4_NMI_IQ_CCCR0 & ~P4_CCCR_ENABLE, 0);
write_watchdog_counter("P4_IQ_COUNTER0");
apic_write(APIC_LVTPC, APIC_DM_NMI);
wrmsr(MSR_P4_IQ_CCCR0, nmi_p4_cccr_val, 0);
return 1;
}
static void disable_intel_arch_watchdog(void)
{
unsigned ebx;
/*
* Check whether the Architectural PerfMon supports
* Unhalted Core Cycles Event or not.
* NOTE: Corresponding bit = 0 in ebp indicates event present.
*/
ebx = cpuid_ebx(10);
if (!(ebx & ARCH_PERFMON_UNHALTED_CORE_CYCLES_PRESENT))
wrmsr(MSR_ARCH_PERFMON_EVENTSEL0, 0, 0);
}
static int setup_intel_arch_watchdog(void)
{
unsigned int evntsel;
unsigned ebx;
/*
* Check whether the Architectural PerfMon supports
* Unhalted Core Cycles Event or not.
* NOTE: Corresponding bit = 0 in ebp indicates event present.
*/
ebx = cpuid_ebx(10);
if ((ebx & ARCH_PERFMON_UNHALTED_CORE_CYCLES_PRESENT))
return 0;
nmi_perfctr_msr = MSR_ARCH_PERFMON_PERFCTR0;
clear_msr_range(MSR_ARCH_PERFMON_EVENTSEL0, 2);
clear_msr_range(MSR_ARCH_PERFMON_PERFCTR0, 2);
evntsel = ARCH_PERFMON_EVENTSEL_INT
| ARCH_PERFMON_EVENTSEL_OS
| ARCH_PERFMON_EVENTSEL_USR
| ARCH_PERFMON_NMI_EVENT_SEL
| ARCH_PERFMON_NMI_EVENT_UMASK;
wrmsr(MSR_ARCH_PERFMON_EVENTSEL0, evntsel, 0);
write_watchdog_counter("INTEL_ARCH_PERFCTR0");
apic_write(APIC_LVTPC, APIC_DM_NMI);
evntsel |= ARCH_PERFMON_EVENTSEL0_ENABLE;
wrmsr(MSR_ARCH_PERFMON_EVENTSEL0, evntsel, 0);
return 1;
}
void setup_apic_nmi_watchdog (void)
{
switch (boot_cpu_data.x86_vendor) {
case X86_VENDOR_AMD:
if (boot_cpu_data.x86 != 6 && boot_cpu_data.x86 != 15)
return;
setup_k7_watchdog();
break;
case X86_VENDOR_INTEL:
if (cpu_has(&boot_cpu_data, X86_FEATURE_ARCH_PERFMON)) {
if (!setup_intel_arch_watchdog())
return;
break;
}
switch (boot_cpu_data.x86) {
case 6:
if (boot_cpu_data.x86_model > 0xd)
return;
setup_p6_watchdog();
break;
case 15:
if (boot_cpu_data.x86_model > 0x4)
return;
if (!setup_p4_watchdog())
return;
break;
default:
return;
}
break;
default:
return;
}
lapic_nmi_owner = LAPIC_NMI_WATCHDOG;
nmi_active = 1;
}
/*
* the best way to detect whether a CPU has a 'hard lockup' problem
* is to check it's local APIC timer IRQ counts. If they are not
* changing then that CPU has some problem.
*
* as these watchdog NMI IRQs are generated on every CPU, we only
* have to check the current processor.
*
* since NMIs don't listen to _any_ locks, we have to be extremely
* careful not to rely on unsafe variables. The printk might lock
* up though, so we have to break up any console locks first ...
* [when there will be more tty-related locks, break them up
* here too!]
*/
static unsigned int
last_irq_sums [NR_CPUS],
alert_counter [NR_CPUS];
void touch_nmi_watchdog (void)
{
int i;
/*
* Just reset the alert counters, (other CPUs might be
* spinning on locks we hold):
*/
for_each_possible_cpu(i)
alert_counter[i] = 0;
/*
* Tickle the softlockup detector too:
*/
touch_softlockup_watchdog();
}
extern void die_nmi(struct pt_regs *, const char *msg);
void nmi_watchdog_tick (struct pt_regs * regs)
{
/*
* Since current_thread_info()-> is always on the stack, and we
* always switch the stack NMI-atomically, it's safe to use
* smp_processor_id().
*/
unsigned int sum;
int cpu = smp_processor_id();
sum = per_cpu(irq_stat, cpu).apic_timer_irqs;
if (last_irq_sums[cpu] == sum) {
/*
* Ayiee, looks like this CPU is stuck ...
* wait a few IRQs (5 seconds) before doing the oops ...
*/
alert_counter[cpu]++;
if (alert_counter[cpu] == 5*nmi_hz)
/*
* die_nmi will return ONLY if NOTIFY_STOP happens..
*/
die_nmi(regs, "BUG: NMI Watchdog detected LOCKUP");
} else {
last_irq_sums[cpu] = sum;
alert_counter[cpu] = 0;
}
if (nmi_perfctr_msr) {
if (nmi_perfctr_msr == MSR_P4_IQ_COUNTER0) {
/*
* P4 quirks:
* - An overflown perfctr will assert its interrupt
* until the OVF flag in its CCCR is cleared.
* - LVTPC is masked on interrupt and must be
* unmasked by the LVTPC handler.
*/
wrmsr(MSR_P4_IQ_CCCR0, nmi_p4_cccr_val, 0);
apic_write(APIC_LVTPC, APIC_DM_NMI);
}
else if (nmi_perfctr_msr == MSR_P6_PERFCTR0 ||
nmi_perfctr_msr == MSR_ARCH_PERFMON_PERFCTR0) {
/* Only P6 based Pentium M need to re-unmask
* the apic vector but it doesn't hurt
* other P6 variant */
apic_write(APIC_LVTPC, APIC_DM_NMI);
}
write_watchdog_counter(NULL);
}
}
#ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL
static int unknown_nmi_panic_callback(struct pt_regs *regs, int cpu)
{
unsigned char reason = get_nmi_reason();
char buf[64];
if (!(reason & 0xc0)) {
sprintf(buf, "NMI received for unknown reason %02x\n", reason);
die_nmi(regs, buf);
}
return 0;
}
/*
* proc handler for /proc/sys/kernel/unknown_nmi_panic
*/
int proc_unknown_nmi_panic(ctl_table *table, int write, struct file *file,
void __user *buffer, size_t *length, loff_t *ppos)
{
int old_state;
old_state = unknown_nmi_panic;
proc_dointvec(table, write, file, buffer, length, ppos);
if (!!old_state == !!unknown_nmi_panic)
return 0;
if (unknown_nmi_panic) {
if (reserve_lapic_nmi() < 0) {
unknown_nmi_panic = 0;
return -EBUSY;
} else {
set_nmi_callback(unknown_nmi_panic_callback);
}
} else {
release_lapic_nmi();
unset_nmi_callback();
}
return 0;
}
#endif
EXPORT_SYMBOL(nmi_active);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(nmi_watchdog);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(reserve_lapic_nmi);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(release_lapic_nmi);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(disable_timer_nmi_watchdog);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(enable_timer_nmi_watchdog);
