diff options
author | Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> | 2007-10-21 21:01:54 -0400 |
---|---|---|
committer | Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> | 2007-10-23 01:49:50 -0400 |
commit | 34b8867a034364ca33d0adb3a1c5b9982903c719 (patch) | |
tree | 7b6385b3985e7bdcca91103d01dea9f707e8b567 /drivers/lguest | |
parent | c37ae93d597fc63bae979db76b527dcc7740dc9d (diff) |
Move lguest guest support to arch/x86.
Lguest has two sides: host support (to launch guests) and guest
support (replacement boot path and paravirt_ops). This moves the
guest side to arch/x86/lguest where it's closer to related code.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Diffstat (limited to 'drivers/lguest')
-rw-r--r-- | drivers/lguest/Makefile | 4 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | drivers/lguest/lguest.c | 1106 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | drivers/lguest/lguest_asm.S | 93 |
3 files changed, 2 insertions, 1201 deletions
diff --git a/drivers/lguest/Makefile b/drivers/lguest/Makefile index e5047471c33..2db98c233e5 100644 --- a/drivers/lguest/Makefile +++ b/drivers/lguest/Makefile | |||
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ | |||
1 | # Guest requires the paravirt_ops replacement and the bus driver. | 1 | # Guest requires the bus driver. |
2 | obj-$(CONFIG_LGUEST_GUEST) += lguest.o lguest_asm.o lguest_bus.o | 2 | obj-$(CONFIG_LGUEST_GUEST) += lguest_bus.o |
3 | 3 | ||
4 | # Host requires the other files, which can be a module. | 4 | # Host requires the other files, which can be a module. |
5 | obj-$(CONFIG_LGUEST) += lg.o | 5 | obj-$(CONFIG_LGUEST) += lg.o |
diff --git a/drivers/lguest/lguest.c b/drivers/lguest/lguest.c deleted file mode 100644 index 8e9e485a5cf..00000000000 --- a/drivers/lguest/lguest.c +++ /dev/null | |||
@@ -1,1106 +0,0 @@ | |||
1 | /*P:010 | ||
2 | * A hypervisor allows multiple Operating Systems to run on a single machine. | ||
3 | * To quote David Wheeler: "Any problem in computer science can be solved with | ||
4 | * another layer of indirection." | ||
5 | * | ||
6 | * We keep things simple in two ways. First, we start with a normal Linux | ||
7 | * kernel and insert a module (lg.ko) which allows us to run other Linux | ||
8 | * kernels the same way we'd run processes. We call the first kernel the Host, | ||
9 | * and the others the Guests. The program which sets up and configures Guests | ||
10 | * (such as the example in Documentation/lguest/lguest.c) is called the | ||
11 | * Launcher. | ||
12 | * | ||
13 | * Secondly, we only run specially modified Guests, not normal kernels. When | ||
14 | * you set CONFIG_LGUEST to 'y' or 'm', this automatically sets | ||
15 | * CONFIG_LGUEST_GUEST=y, which compiles this file into the kernel so it knows | ||
16 | * how to be a Guest. This means that you can use the same kernel you boot | ||
17 | * normally (ie. as a Host) as a Guest. | ||
18 | * | ||
19 | * These Guests know that they cannot do privileged operations, such as disable | ||
20 | * interrupts, and that they have to ask the Host to do such things explicitly. | ||
21 | * This file consists of all the replacements for such low-level native | ||
22 | * hardware operations: these special Guest versions call the Host. | ||
23 | * | ||
24 | * So how does the kernel know it's a Guest? The Guest starts at a special | ||
25 | * entry point marked with a magic string, which sets up a few things then | ||
26 | * calls here. We replace the native functions various "paravirt" structures | ||
27 | * with our Guest versions, then boot like normal. :*/ | ||
28 | |||
29 | /* | ||
30 | * Copyright (C) 2006, Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> IBM Corporation. | ||
31 | * | ||
32 | * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify | ||
33 | * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by | ||
34 | * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or | ||
35 | * (at your option) any later version. | ||
36 | * | ||
37 | * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but | ||
38 | * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of | ||
39 | * MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, GOOD TITLE or | ||
40 | * NON INFRINGEMENT. See the GNU General Public License for more | ||
41 | * details. | ||
42 | * | ||
43 | * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License | ||
44 | * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software | ||
45 | * Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. | ||
46 | */ | ||
47 | #include <linux/kernel.h> | ||
48 | #include <linux/start_kernel.h> | ||
49 | #include <linux/string.h> | ||
50 | #include <linux/console.h> | ||
51 | #include <linux/screen_info.h> | ||
52 | #include <linux/irq.h> | ||
53 | #include <linux/interrupt.h> | ||
54 | #include <linux/clocksource.h> | ||
55 | #include <linux/clockchips.h> | ||
56 | #include <linux/lguest.h> | ||
57 | #include <linux/lguest_launcher.h> | ||
58 | #include <linux/lguest_bus.h> | ||
59 | #include <asm/paravirt.h> | ||
60 | #include <asm/param.h> | ||
61 | #include <asm/page.h> | ||
62 | #include <asm/pgtable.h> | ||
63 | #include <asm/desc.h> | ||
64 | #include <asm/setup.h> | ||
65 | #include <asm/e820.h> | ||
66 | #include <asm/mce.h> | ||
67 | #include <asm/io.h> | ||
68 | |||
69 | /*G:010 Welcome to the Guest! | ||
70 | * | ||
71 | * The Guest in our tale is a simple creature: identical to the Host but | ||
72 | * behaving in simplified but equivalent ways. In particular, the Guest is the | ||
73 | * same kernel as the Host (or at least, built from the same source code). :*/ | ||
74 | |||
75 | /* Declarations for definitions in lguest_guest.S */ | ||
76 | extern char lguest_noirq_start[], lguest_noirq_end[]; | ||
77 | extern const char lgstart_cli[], lgend_cli[]; | ||
78 | extern const char lgstart_sti[], lgend_sti[]; | ||
79 | extern const char lgstart_popf[], lgend_popf[]; | ||
80 | extern const char lgstart_pushf[], lgend_pushf[]; | ||
81 | extern const char lgstart_iret[], lgend_iret[]; | ||
82 | extern void lguest_iret(void); | ||
83 | |||
84 | struct lguest_data lguest_data = { | ||
85 | .hcall_status = { [0 ... LHCALL_RING_SIZE-1] = 0xFF }, | ||
86 | .noirq_start = (u32)lguest_noirq_start, | ||
87 | .noirq_end = (u32)lguest_noirq_end, | ||
88 | .blocked_interrupts = { 1 }, /* Block timer interrupts */ | ||
89 | }; | ||
90 | static cycle_t clock_base; | ||
91 | |||
92 | /*G:035 Notice the lazy_hcall() above, rather than hcall(). This is our first | ||
93 | * real optimization trick! | ||
94 | * | ||
95 | * When lazy_mode is set, it means we're allowed to defer all hypercalls and do | ||
96 | * them as a batch when lazy_mode is eventually turned off. Because hypercalls | ||
97 | * are reasonably expensive, batching them up makes sense. For example, a | ||
98 | * large mmap might update dozens of page table entries: that code calls | ||
99 | * paravirt_enter_lazy_mmu(), does the dozen updates, then calls | ||
100 | * lguest_leave_lazy_mode(). | ||
101 | * | ||
102 | * So, when we're in lazy mode, we call async_hypercall() to store the call for | ||
103 | * future processing. When lazy mode is turned off we issue a hypercall to | ||
104 | * flush the stored calls. | ||
105 | */ | ||
106 | static void lguest_leave_lazy_mode(void) | ||
107 | { | ||
108 | paravirt_leave_lazy(paravirt_get_lazy_mode()); | ||
109 | hcall(LHCALL_FLUSH_ASYNC, 0, 0, 0); | ||
110 | } | ||
111 | |||
112 | static void lazy_hcall(unsigned long call, | ||
113 | unsigned long arg1, | ||
114 | unsigned long arg2, | ||
115 | unsigned long arg3) | ||
116 | { | ||
117 | if (paravirt_get_lazy_mode() == PARAVIRT_LAZY_NONE) | ||
118 | hcall(call, arg1, arg2, arg3); | ||
119 | else | ||
120 | async_hcall(call, arg1, arg2, arg3); | ||
121 | } | ||
122 | |||
123 | /* async_hcall() is pretty simple: I'm quite proud of it really. We have a | ||
124 | * ring buffer of stored hypercalls which the Host will run though next time we | ||
125 | * do a normal hypercall. Each entry in the ring has 4 slots for the hypercall | ||
126 | * arguments, and a "hcall_status" word which is 0 if the call is ready to go, | ||
127 | * and 255 once the Host has finished with it. | ||
128 | * | ||
129 | * If we come around to a slot which hasn't been finished, then the table is | ||
130 | * full and we just make the hypercall directly. This has the nice side | ||
131 | * effect of causing the Host to run all the stored calls in the ring buffer | ||
132 | * which empties it for next time! */ | ||
133 | void async_hcall(unsigned long call, | ||
134 | unsigned long arg1, unsigned long arg2, unsigned long arg3) | ||
135 | { | ||
136 | /* Note: This code assumes we're uniprocessor. */ | ||
137 | static unsigned int next_call; | ||
138 | unsigned long flags; | ||
139 | |||
140 | /* Disable interrupts if not already disabled: we don't want an | ||
141 | * interrupt handler making a hypercall while we're already doing | ||
142 | * one! */ | ||
143 | local_irq_save(flags); | ||
144 | if (lguest_data.hcall_status[next_call] != 0xFF) { | ||
145 | /* Table full, so do normal hcall which will flush table. */ | ||
146 | hcall(call, arg1, arg2, arg3); | ||
147 | } else { | ||
148 | lguest_data.hcalls[next_call].eax = call; | ||
149 | lguest_data.hcalls[next_call].edx = arg1; | ||
150 | lguest_data.hcalls[next_call].ebx = arg2; | ||
151 | lguest_data.hcalls[next_call].ecx = arg3; | ||
152 | /* Arguments must all be written before we mark it to go */ | ||
153 | wmb(); | ||
154 | lguest_data.hcall_status[next_call] = 0; | ||
155 | if (++next_call == LHCALL_RING_SIZE) | ||
156 | next_call = 0; | ||
157 | } | ||
158 | local_irq_restore(flags); | ||
159 | } | ||
160 | /*:*/ | ||
161 | |||
162 | /* Wrappers for the SEND_DMA and BIND_DMA hypercalls. This is mainly because | ||
163 | * Jeff Garzik complained that __pa() should never appear in drivers, and this | ||
164 | * helps remove most of them. But also, it wraps some ugliness. */ | ||
165 | void lguest_send_dma(unsigned long key, struct lguest_dma *dma) | ||
166 | { | ||
167 | /* The hcall might not write this if something goes wrong */ | ||
168 | dma->used_len = 0; | ||
169 | hcall(LHCALL_SEND_DMA, key, __pa(dma), 0); | ||
170 | } | ||
171 | |||
172 | int lguest_bind_dma(unsigned long key, struct lguest_dma *dmas, | ||
173 | unsigned int num, u8 irq) | ||
174 | { | ||
175 | /* This is the only hypercall which actually wants 5 arguments, and we | ||
176 | * only support 4. Fortunately the interrupt number is always less | ||
177 | * than 256, so we can pack it with the number of dmas in the final | ||
178 | * argument. */ | ||
179 | if (!hcall(LHCALL_BIND_DMA, key, __pa(dmas), (num << 8) | irq)) | ||
180 | return -ENOMEM; | ||
181 | return 0; | ||
182 | } | ||
183 | |||
184 | /* Unbinding is the same hypercall as binding, but with 0 num & irq. */ | ||
185 | void lguest_unbind_dma(unsigned long key, struct lguest_dma *dmas) | ||
186 | { | ||
187 | hcall(LHCALL_BIND_DMA, key, __pa(dmas), 0); | ||
188 | } | ||
189 | |||
190 | /* For guests, device memory can be used as normal memory, so we cast away the | ||
191 | * __iomem to quieten sparse. */ | ||
192 | void *lguest_map(unsigned long phys_addr, unsigned long pages) | ||
193 | { | ||
194 | return (__force void *)ioremap(phys_addr, PAGE_SIZE*pages); | ||
195 | } | ||
196 | |||
197 | void lguest_unmap(void *addr) | ||
198 | { | ||
199 | iounmap((__force void __iomem *)addr); | ||
200 | } | ||
201 | |||
202 | /*G:033 | ||
203 | * Here are our first native-instruction replacements: four functions for | ||
204 | * interrupt control. | ||
205 | * | ||
206 | * The simplest way of implementing these would be to have "turn interrupts | ||
207 | * off" and "turn interrupts on" hypercalls. Unfortunately, this is too slow: | ||
208 | * these are by far the most commonly called functions of those we override. | ||
209 | * | ||
210 | * So instead we keep an "irq_enabled" field inside our "struct lguest_data", | ||
211 | * which the Guest can update with a single instruction. The Host knows to | ||
212 | * check there when it wants to deliver an interrupt. | ||
213 | */ | ||
214 | |||
215 | /* save_flags() is expected to return the processor state (ie. "eflags"). The | ||
216 | * eflags word contains all kind of stuff, but in practice Linux only cares | ||
217 | * about the interrupt flag. Our "save_flags()" just returns that. */ | ||
218 | static unsigned long save_fl(void) | ||
219 | { | ||
220 | return lguest_data.irq_enabled; | ||
221 | } | ||
222 | |||
223 | /* "restore_flags" just sets the flags back to the value given. */ | ||
224 | static void restore_fl(unsigned long flags) | ||
225 | { | ||
226 | lguest_data.irq_enabled = flags; | ||
227 | } | ||
228 | |||
229 | /* Interrupts go off... */ | ||
230 | static void irq_disable(void) | ||
231 | { | ||
232 | lguest_data.irq_enabled = 0; | ||
233 | } | ||
234 | |||
235 | /* Interrupts go on... */ | ||
236 | static void irq_enable(void) | ||
237 | { | ||
238 | lguest_data.irq_enabled = X86_EFLAGS_IF; | ||
239 | } | ||
240 | /*:*/ | ||
241 | /*M:003 Note that we don't check for outstanding interrupts when we re-enable | ||
242 | * them (or when we unmask an interrupt). This seems to work for the moment, | ||
243 | * since interrupts are rare and we'll just get the interrupt on the next timer | ||
244 | * tick, but when we turn on CONFIG_NO_HZ, we should revisit this. One way | ||
245 | * would be to put the "irq_enabled" field in a page by itself, and have the | ||
246 | * Host write-protect it when an interrupt comes in when irqs are disabled. | ||
247 | * There will then be a page fault as soon as interrupts are re-enabled. :*/ | ||
248 | |||
249 | /*G:034 | ||
250 | * The Interrupt Descriptor Table (IDT). | ||
251 | * | ||
252 | * The IDT tells the processor what to do when an interrupt comes in. Each | ||
253 | * entry in the table is a 64-bit descriptor: this holds the privilege level, | ||
254 | * address of the handler, and... well, who cares? The Guest just asks the | ||
255 | * Host to make the change anyway, because the Host controls the real IDT. | ||
256 | */ | ||
257 | static void lguest_write_idt_entry(struct desc_struct *dt, | ||
258 | int entrynum, u32 low, u32 high) | ||
259 | { | ||
260 | /* Keep the local copy up to date. */ | ||
261 | write_dt_entry(dt, entrynum, low, high); | ||
262 | /* Tell Host about this new entry. */ | ||
263 | hcall(LHCALL_LOAD_IDT_ENTRY, entrynum, low, high); | ||
264 | } | ||
265 | |||
266 | /* Changing to a different IDT is very rare: we keep the IDT up-to-date every | ||
267 | * time it is written, so we can simply loop through all entries and tell the | ||
268 | * Host about them. */ | ||
269 | static void lguest_load_idt(const struct Xgt_desc_struct *desc) | ||
270 | { | ||
271 | unsigned int i; | ||
272 | struct desc_struct *idt = (void *)desc->address; | ||
273 | |||
274 | for (i = 0; i < (desc->size+1)/8; i++) | ||
275 | hcall(LHCALL_LOAD_IDT_ENTRY, i, idt[i].a, idt[i].b); | ||
276 | } | ||
277 | |||
278 | /* | ||
279 | * The Global Descriptor Table. | ||
280 | * | ||
281 | * The Intel architecture defines another table, called the Global Descriptor | ||
282 | * Table (GDT). You tell the CPU where it is (and its size) using the "lgdt" | ||
283 | * instruction, and then several other instructions refer to entries in the | ||
284 | * table. There are three entries which the Switcher needs, so the Host simply | ||
285 | * controls the entire thing and the Guest asks it to make changes using the | ||
286 | * LOAD_GDT hypercall. | ||
287 | * | ||
288 | * This is the opposite of the IDT code where we have a LOAD_IDT_ENTRY | ||
289 | * hypercall and use that repeatedly to load a new IDT. I don't think it | ||
290 | * really matters, but wouldn't it be nice if they were the same? | ||
291 | */ | ||
292 | static void lguest_load_gdt(const struct Xgt_desc_struct *desc) | ||
293 | { | ||
294 | BUG_ON((desc->size+1)/8 != GDT_ENTRIES); | ||
295 | hcall(LHCALL_LOAD_GDT, __pa(desc->address), GDT_ENTRIES, 0); | ||
296 | } | ||
297 | |||
298 | /* For a single GDT entry which changes, we do the lazy thing: alter our GDT, | ||
299 | * then tell the Host to reload the entire thing. This operation is so rare | ||
300 | * that this naive implementation is reasonable. */ | ||
301 | static void lguest_write_gdt_entry(struct desc_struct *dt, | ||
302 | int entrynum, u32 low, u32 high) | ||
303 | { | ||
304 | write_dt_entry(dt, entrynum, low, high); | ||
305 | hcall(LHCALL_LOAD_GDT, __pa(dt), GDT_ENTRIES, 0); | ||
306 | } | ||
307 | |||
308 | /* OK, I lied. There are three "thread local storage" GDT entries which change | ||
309 | * on every context switch (these three entries are how glibc implements | ||
310 | * __thread variables). So we have a hypercall specifically for this case. */ | ||
311 | static void lguest_load_tls(struct thread_struct *t, unsigned int cpu) | ||
312 | { | ||
313 | /* There's one problem which normal hardware doesn't have: the Host | ||
314 | * can't handle us removing entries we're currently using. So we clear | ||
315 | * the GS register here: if it's needed it'll be reloaded anyway. */ | ||
316 | loadsegment(gs, 0); | ||
317 | lazy_hcall(LHCALL_LOAD_TLS, __pa(&t->tls_array), cpu, 0); | ||
318 | } | ||
319 | |||
320 | /*G:038 That's enough excitement for now, back to ploughing through each of | ||
321 | * the different pv_ops structures (we're about 1/3 of the way through). | ||
322 | * | ||
323 | * This is the Local Descriptor Table, another weird Intel thingy. Linux only | ||
324 | * uses this for some strange applications like Wine. We don't do anything | ||
325 | * here, so they'll get an informative and friendly Segmentation Fault. */ | ||
326 | static void lguest_set_ldt(const void *addr, unsigned entries) | ||
327 | { | ||
328 | } | ||
329 | |||
330 | /* This loads a GDT entry into the "Task Register": that entry points to a | ||
331 | * structure called the Task State Segment. Some comments scattered though the | ||
332 | * kernel code indicate that this used for task switching in ages past, along | ||
333 | * with blood sacrifice and astrology. | ||
334 | * | ||
335 | * Now there's nothing interesting in here that we don't get told elsewhere. | ||
336 | * But the native version uses the "ltr" instruction, which makes the Host | ||
337 | * complain to the Guest about a Segmentation Fault and it'll oops. So we | ||
338 | * override the native version with a do-nothing version. */ | ||
339 | static void lguest_load_tr_desc(void) | ||
340 | { | ||
341 | } | ||
342 | |||
343 | /* The "cpuid" instruction is a way of querying both the CPU identity | ||
344 | * (manufacturer, model, etc) and its features. It was introduced before the | ||
345 | * Pentium in 1993 and keeps getting extended by both Intel and AMD. As you | ||
346 | * might imagine, after a decade and a half this treatment, it is now a giant | ||
347 | * ball of hair. Its entry in the current Intel manual runs to 28 pages. | ||
348 | * | ||
349 | * This instruction even it has its own Wikipedia entry. The Wikipedia entry | ||
350 | * has been translated into 4 languages. I am not making this up! | ||
351 | * | ||
352 | * We could get funky here and identify ourselves as "GenuineLguest", but | ||
353 | * instead we just use the real "cpuid" instruction. Then I pretty much turned | ||
354 | * off feature bits until the Guest booted. (Don't say that: you'll damage | ||
355 | * lguest sales!) Shut up, inner voice! (Hey, just pointing out that this is | ||
356 | * hardly future proof.) Noone's listening! They don't like you anyway, | ||
357 | * parenthetic weirdo! | ||
358 | * | ||
359 | * Replacing the cpuid so we can turn features off is great for the kernel, but | ||
360 | * anyone (including userspace) can just use the raw "cpuid" instruction and | ||
361 | * the Host won't even notice since it isn't privileged. So we try not to get | ||
362 | * too worked up about it. */ | ||
363 | static void lguest_cpuid(unsigned int *eax, unsigned int *ebx, | ||
364 | unsigned int *ecx, unsigned int *edx) | ||
365 | { | ||
366 | int function = *eax; | ||
367 | |||
368 | native_cpuid(eax, ebx, ecx, edx); | ||
369 | switch (function) { | ||
370 | case 1: /* Basic feature request. */ | ||
371 | /* We only allow kernel to see SSE3, CMPXCHG16B and SSSE3 */ | ||
372 | *ecx &= 0x00002201; | ||
373 | /* SSE, SSE2, FXSR, MMX, CMOV, CMPXCHG8B, FPU. */ | ||
374 | *edx &= 0x07808101; | ||
375 | /* The Host can do a nice optimization if it knows that the | ||
376 | * kernel mappings (addresses above 0xC0000000 or whatever | ||
377 | * PAGE_OFFSET is set to) haven't changed. But Linux calls | ||
378 | * flush_tlb_user() for both user and kernel mappings unless | ||
379 | * the Page Global Enable (PGE) feature bit is set. */ | ||
380 | *edx |= 0x00002000; | ||
381 | break; | ||
382 | case 0x80000000: | ||
383 | /* Futureproof this a little: if they ask how much extended | ||
384 | * processor information there is, limit it to known fields. */ | ||
385 | if (*eax > 0x80000008) | ||
386 | *eax = 0x80000008; | ||
387 | break; | ||
388 | } | ||
389 | } | ||
390 | |||
391 | /* Intel has four control registers, imaginatively named cr0, cr2, cr3 and cr4. | ||
392 | * I assume there's a cr1, but it hasn't bothered us yet, so we'll not bother | ||
393 | * it. The Host needs to know when the Guest wants to change them, so we have | ||
394 | * a whole series of functions like read_cr0() and write_cr0(). | ||
395 | * | ||
396 | * We start with CR0. CR0 allows you to turn on and off all kinds of basic | ||
397 | * features, but Linux only really cares about one: the horrifically-named Task | ||
398 | * Switched (TS) bit at bit 3 (ie. 8) | ||
399 | * | ||
400 | * What does the TS bit do? Well, it causes the CPU to trap (interrupt 7) if | ||
401 | * the floating point unit is used. Which allows us to restore FPU state | ||
402 | * lazily after a task switch, and Linux uses that gratefully, but wouldn't a | ||
403 | * name like "FPUTRAP bit" be a little less cryptic? | ||
404 | * | ||
405 | * We store cr0 (and cr3) locally, because the Host never changes it. The | ||
406 | * Guest sometimes wants to read it and we'd prefer not to bother the Host | ||
407 | * unnecessarily. */ | ||
408 | static unsigned long current_cr0, current_cr3; | ||
409 | static void lguest_write_cr0(unsigned long val) | ||
410 | { | ||
411 | /* 8 == TS bit. */ | ||
412 | lazy_hcall(LHCALL_TS, val & 8, 0, 0); | ||
413 | current_cr0 = val; | ||
414 | } | ||
415 | |||
416 | static unsigned long lguest_read_cr0(void) | ||
417 | { | ||
418 | return current_cr0; | ||
419 | } | ||
420 | |||
421 | /* Intel provided a special instruction to clear the TS bit for people too cool | ||
422 | * to use write_cr0() to do it. This "clts" instruction is faster, because all | ||
423 | * the vowels have been optimized out. */ | ||
424 | static void lguest_clts(void) | ||
425 | { | ||
426 | lazy_hcall(LHCALL_TS, 0, 0, 0); | ||
427 | current_cr0 &= ~8U; | ||
428 | } | ||
429 | |||
430 | /* CR2 is the virtual address of the last page fault, which the Guest only ever | ||
431 | * reads. The Host kindly writes this into our "struct lguest_data", so we | ||
432 | * just read it out of there. */ | ||
433 | static unsigned long lguest_read_cr2(void) | ||
434 | { | ||
435 | return lguest_data.cr2; | ||
436 | } | ||
437 | |||
438 | /* CR3 is the current toplevel pagetable page: the principle is the same as | ||
439 | * cr0. Keep a local copy, and tell the Host when it changes. */ | ||
440 | static void lguest_write_cr3(unsigned long cr3) | ||
441 | { | ||
442 | lazy_hcall(LHCALL_NEW_PGTABLE, cr3, 0, 0); | ||
443 | current_cr3 = cr3; | ||
444 | } | ||
445 | |||
446 | static unsigned long lguest_read_cr3(void) | ||
447 | { | ||
448 | return current_cr3; | ||
449 | } | ||
450 | |||
451 | /* CR4 is used to enable and disable PGE, but we don't care. */ | ||
452 | static unsigned long lguest_read_cr4(void) | ||
453 | { | ||
454 | return 0; | ||
455 | } | ||
456 | |||
457 | static void lguest_write_cr4(unsigned long val) | ||
458 | { | ||
459 | } | ||
460 | |||
461 | /* | ||
462 | * Page Table Handling. | ||
463 | * | ||
464 | * Now would be a good time to take a rest and grab a coffee or similarly | ||
465 | * relaxing stimulant. The easy parts are behind us, and the trek gradually | ||
466 | * winds uphill from here. | ||
467 | * | ||
468 | * Quick refresher: memory is divided into "pages" of 4096 bytes each. The CPU | ||
469 | * maps virtual addresses to physical addresses using "page tables". We could | ||
470 | * use one huge index of 1 million entries: each address is 4 bytes, so that's | ||
471 | * 1024 pages just to hold the page tables. But since most virtual addresses | ||
472 | * are unused, we use a two level index which saves space. The CR3 register | ||
473 | * contains the physical address of the top level "page directory" page, which | ||
474 | * contains physical addresses of up to 1024 second-level pages. Each of these | ||
475 | * second level pages contains up to 1024 physical addresses of actual pages, | ||
476 | * or Page Table Entries (PTEs). | ||
477 | * | ||
478 | * Here's a diagram, where arrows indicate physical addresses: | ||
479 | * | ||
480 | * CR3 ---> +---------+ | ||
481 | * | --------->+---------+ | ||
482 | * | | | PADDR1 | | ||
483 | * Top-level | | PADDR2 | | ||
484 | * (PMD) page | | | | ||
485 | * | | Lower-level | | ||
486 | * | | (PTE) page | | ||
487 | * | | | | | ||
488 | * .... .... | ||
489 | * | ||
490 | * So to convert a virtual address to a physical address, we look up the top | ||
491 | * level, which points us to the second level, which gives us the physical | ||
492 | * address of that page. If the top level entry was not present, or the second | ||
493 | * level entry was not present, then the virtual address is invalid (we | ||
494 | * say "the page was not mapped"). | ||
495 | * | ||
496 | * Put another way, a 32-bit virtual address is divided up like so: | ||
497 | * | ||
498 | * 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | ||
499 | * |<---- 10 bits ---->|<---- 10 bits ---->|<------ 12 bits ------>| | ||
500 | * Index into top Index into second Offset within page | ||
501 | * page directory page pagetable page | ||
502 | * | ||
503 | * The kernel spends a lot of time changing both the top-level page directory | ||
504 | * and lower-level pagetable pages. The Guest doesn't know physical addresses, | ||
505 | * so while it maintains these page tables exactly like normal, it also needs | ||
506 | * to keep the Host informed whenever it makes a change: the Host will create | ||
507 | * the real page tables based on the Guests'. | ||
508 | */ | ||
509 | |||
510 | /* The Guest calls this to set a second-level entry (pte), ie. to map a page | ||
511 | * into a process' address space. We set the entry then tell the Host the | ||
512 | * toplevel and address this corresponds to. The Guest uses one pagetable per | ||
513 | * process, so we need to tell the Host which one we're changing (mm->pgd). */ | ||
514 | static void lguest_set_pte_at(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr, | ||
515 | pte_t *ptep, pte_t pteval) | ||
516 | { | ||
517 | *ptep = pteval; | ||
518 | lazy_hcall(LHCALL_SET_PTE, __pa(mm->pgd), addr, pteval.pte_low); | ||
519 | } | ||
520 | |||
521 | /* The Guest calls this to set a top-level entry. Again, we set the entry then | ||
522 | * tell the Host which top-level page we changed, and the index of the entry we | ||
523 | * changed. */ | ||
524 | static void lguest_set_pmd(pmd_t *pmdp, pmd_t pmdval) | ||
525 | { | ||
526 | *pmdp = pmdval; | ||
527 | lazy_hcall(LHCALL_SET_PMD, __pa(pmdp)&PAGE_MASK, | ||
528 | (__pa(pmdp)&(PAGE_SIZE-1))/4, 0); | ||
529 | } | ||
530 | |||
531 | /* There are a couple of legacy places where the kernel sets a PTE, but we | ||
532 | * don't know the top level any more. This is useless for us, since we don't | ||
533 | * know which pagetable is changing or what address, so we just tell the Host | ||
534 | * to forget all of them. Fortunately, this is very rare. | ||
535 | * | ||
536 | * ... except in early boot when the kernel sets up the initial pagetables, | ||
537 | * which makes booting astonishingly slow. So we don't even tell the Host | ||
538 | * anything changed until we've done the first page table switch. | ||
539 | */ | ||
540 | static void lguest_set_pte(pte_t *ptep, pte_t pteval) | ||
541 | { | ||
542 | *ptep = pteval; | ||
543 | /* Don't bother with hypercall before initial setup. */ | ||
544 | if (current_cr3) | ||
545 | lazy_hcall(LHCALL_FLUSH_TLB, 1, 0, 0); | ||
546 | } | ||
547 | |||
548 | /* Unfortunately for Lguest, the pv_mmu_ops for page tables were based on | ||
549 | * native page table operations. On native hardware you can set a new page | ||
550 | * table entry whenever you want, but if you want to remove one you have to do | ||
551 | * a TLB flush (a TLB is a little cache of page table entries kept by the CPU). | ||
552 | * | ||
553 | * So the lguest_set_pte_at() and lguest_set_pmd() functions above are only | ||
554 | * called when a valid entry is written, not when it's removed (ie. marked not | ||
555 | * present). Instead, this is where we come when the Guest wants to remove a | ||
556 | * page table entry: we tell the Host to set that entry to 0 (ie. the present | ||
557 | * bit is zero). */ | ||
558 | static void lguest_flush_tlb_single(unsigned long addr) | ||
559 | { | ||
560 | /* Simply set it to zero: if it was not, it will fault back in. */ | ||
561 | lazy_hcall(LHCALL_SET_PTE, current_cr3, addr, 0); | ||
562 | } | ||
563 | |||
564 | /* This is what happens after the Guest has removed a large number of entries. | ||
565 | * This tells the Host that any of the page table entries for userspace might | ||
566 | * have changed, ie. virtual addresses below PAGE_OFFSET. */ | ||
567 | static void lguest_flush_tlb_user(void) | ||
568 | { | ||
569 | lazy_hcall(LHCALL_FLUSH_TLB, 0, 0, 0); | ||
570 | } | ||
571 | |||
572 | /* This is called when the kernel page tables have changed. That's not very | ||
573 | * common (unless the Guest is using highmem, which makes the Guest extremely | ||
574 | * slow), so it's worth separating this from the user flushing above. */ | ||
575 | static void lguest_flush_tlb_kernel(void) | ||
576 | { | ||
577 | lazy_hcall(LHCALL_FLUSH_TLB, 1, 0, 0); | ||
578 | } | ||
579 | |||
580 | /* | ||
581 | * The Unadvanced Programmable Interrupt Controller. | ||
582 | * | ||
583 | * This is an attempt to implement the simplest possible interrupt controller. | ||
584 | * I spent some time looking though routines like set_irq_chip_and_handler, | ||
585 | * set_irq_chip_and_handler_name, set_irq_chip_data and set_phasers_to_stun and | ||
586 | * I *think* this is as simple as it gets. | ||
587 | * | ||
588 | * We can tell the Host what interrupts we want blocked ready for using the | ||
589 | * lguest_data.interrupts bitmap, so disabling (aka "masking") them is as | ||
590 | * simple as setting a bit. We don't actually "ack" interrupts as such, we | ||
591 | * just mask and unmask them. I wonder if we should be cleverer? | ||
592 | */ | ||
593 | static void disable_lguest_irq(unsigned int irq) | ||
594 | { | ||
595 | set_bit(irq, lguest_data.blocked_interrupts); | ||
596 | } | ||
597 | |||
598 | static void enable_lguest_irq(unsigned int irq) | ||
599 | { | ||
600 | clear_bit(irq, lguest_data.blocked_interrupts); | ||
601 | } | ||
602 | |||
603 | /* This structure describes the lguest IRQ controller. */ | ||
604 | static struct irq_chip lguest_irq_controller = { | ||
605 | .name = "lguest", | ||
606 | .mask = disable_lguest_irq, | ||
607 | .mask_ack = disable_lguest_irq, | ||
608 | .unmask = enable_lguest_irq, | ||
609 | }; | ||
610 | |||
611 | /* This sets up the Interrupt Descriptor Table (IDT) entry for each hardware | ||
612 | * interrupt (except 128, which is used for system calls), and then tells the | ||
613 | * Linux infrastructure that each interrupt is controlled by our level-based | ||
614 | * lguest interrupt controller. */ | ||
615 | static void __init lguest_init_IRQ(void) | ||
616 | { | ||
617 | unsigned int i; | ||
618 | |||
619 | for (i = 0; i < LGUEST_IRQS; i++) { | ||
620 | int vector = FIRST_EXTERNAL_VECTOR + i; | ||
621 | if (vector != SYSCALL_VECTOR) { | ||
622 | set_intr_gate(vector, interrupt[i]); | ||
623 | set_irq_chip_and_handler(i, &lguest_irq_controller, | ||
624 | handle_level_irq); | ||
625 | } | ||
626 | } | ||
627 | /* This call is required to set up for 4k stacks, where we have | ||
628 | * separate stacks for hard and soft interrupts. */ | ||
629 | irq_ctx_init(smp_processor_id()); | ||
630 | } | ||
631 | |||
632 | /* | ||
633 | * Time. | ||
634 | * | ||
635 | * It would be far better for everyone if the Guest had its own clock, but | ||
636 | * until then the Host gives us the time on every interrupt. | ||
637 | */ | ||
638 | static unsigned long lguest_get_wallclock(void) | ||
639 | { | ||
640 | return lguest_data.time.tv_sec; | ||
641 | } | ||
642 | |||
643 | static cycle_t lguest_clock_read(void) | ||
644 | { | ||
645 | unsigned long sec, nsec; | ||
646 | |||
647 | /* If the Host tells the TSC speed, we can trust that. */ | ||
648 | if (lguest_data.tsc_khz) | ||
649 | return native_read_tsc(); | ||
650 | |||
651 | /* If we can't use the TSC, we read the time value written by the Host. | ||
652 | * Since it's in two parts (seconds and nanoseconds), we risk reading | ||
653 | * it just as it's changing from 99 & 0.999999999 to 100 and 0, and | ||
654 | * getting 99 and 0. As Linux tends to come apart under the stress of | ||
655 | * time travel, we must be careful: */ | ||
656 | do { | ||
657 | /* First we read the seconds part. */ | ||
658 | sec = lguest_data.time.tv_sec; | ||
659 | /* This read memory barrier tells the compiler and the CPU that | ||
660 | * this can't be reordered: we have to complete the above | ||
661 | * before going on. */ | ||
662 | rmb(); | ||
663 | /* Now we read the nanoseconds part. */ | ||
664 | nsec = lguest_data.time.tv_nsec; | ||
665 | /* Make sure we've done that. */ | ||
666 | rmb(); | ||
667 | /* Now if the seconds part has changed, try again. */ | ||
668 | } while (unlikely(lguest_data.time.tv_sec != sec)); | ||
669 | |||
670 | /* Our non-TSC clock is in real nanoseconds. */ | ||
671 | return sec*1000000000ULL + nsec; | ||
672 | } | ||
673 | |||
674 | /* This is what we tell the kernel is our clocksource. */ | ||
675 | static struct clocksource lguest_clock = { | ||
676 | .name = "lguest", | ||
677 | .rating = 400, | ||
678 | .read = lguest_clock_read, | ||
679 | .mask = CLOCKSOURCE_MASK(64), | ||
680 | .mult = 1 << 22, | ||
681 | .shift = 22, | ||
682 | .flags = CLOCK_SOURCE_IS_CONTINUOUS, | ||
683 | }; | ||
684 | |||
685 | /* The "scheduler clock" is just our real clock, adjusted to start at zero */ | ||
686 | static unsigned long long lguest_sched_clock(void) | ||
687 | { | ||
688 | return cyc2ns(&lguest_clock, lguest_clock_read() - clock_base); | ||
689 | } | ||
690 | |||
691 | /* We also need a "struct clock_event_device": Linux asks us to set it to go | ||
692 | * off some time in the future. Actually, James Morris figured all this out, I | ||
693 | * just applied the patch. */ | ||
694 | static int lguest_clockevent_set_next_event(unsigned long delta, | ||
695 | struct clock_event_device *evt) | ||
696 | { | ||
697 | if (delta < LG_CLOCK_MIN_DELTA) { | ||
698 | if (printk_ratelimit()) | ||
699 | printk(KERN_DEBUG "%s: small delta %lu ns\n", | ||
700 | __FUNCTION__, delta); | ||
701 | return -ETIME; | ||
702 | } | ||
703 | hcall(LHCALL_SET_CLOCKEVENT, delta, 0, 0); | ||
704 | return 0; | ||
705 | } | ||
706 | |||
707 | static void lguest_clockevent_set_mode(enum clock_event_mode mode, | ||
708 | struct clock_event_device *evt) | ||
709 | { | ||
710 | switch (mode) { | ||
711 | case CLOCK_EVT_MODE_UNUSED: | ||
712 | case CLOCK_EVT_MODE_SHUTDOWN: | ||
713 | /* A 0 argument shuts the clock down. */ | ||
714 | hcall(LHCALL_SET_CLOCKEVENT, 0, 0, 0); | ||
715 | break; | ||
716 | case CLOCK_EVT_MODE_ONESHOT: | ||
717 | /* This is what we expect. */ | ||
718 | break; | ||
719 | case CLOCK_EVT_MODE_PERIODIC: | ||
720 | BUG(); | ||
721 | case CLOCK_EVT_MODE_RESUME: | ||
722 | break; | ||
723 | } | ||
724 | } | ||
725 | |||
726 | /* This describes our primitive timer chip. */ | ||
727 | static struct clock_event_device lguest_clockevent = { | ||
728 | .name = "lguest", | ||
729 | .features = CLOCK_EVT_FEAT_ONESHOT, | ||
730 | .set_next_event = lguest_clockevent_set_next_event, | ||
731 | .set_mode = lguest_clockevent_set_mode, | ||
732 | .rating = INT_MAX, | ||
733 | .mult = 1, | ||
734 | .shift = 0, | ||
735 | .min_delta_ns = LG_CLOCK_MIN_DELTA, | ||
736 | .max_delta_ns = LG_CLOCK_MAX_DELTA, | ||
737 | }; | ||
738 | |||
739 | /* This is the Guest timer interrupt handler (hardware interrupt 0). We just | ||
740 | * call the clockevent infrastructure and it does whatever needs doing. */ | ||
741 | static void lguest_time_irq(unsigned int irq, struct irq_desc *desc) | ||
742 | { | ||
743 | unsigned long flags; | ||
744 | |||
745 | /* Don't interrupt us while this is running. */ | ||
746 | local_irq_save(flags); | ||
747 | lguest_clockevent.event_handler(&lguest_clockevent); | ||
748 | local_irq_restore(flags); | ||
749 | } | ||
750 | |||
751 | /* At some point in the boot process, we get asked to set up our timing | ||
752 | * infrastructure. The kernel doesn't expect timer interrupts before this, but | ||
753 | * we cleverly initialized the "blocked_interrupts" field of "struct | ||
754 | * lguest_data" so that timer interrupts were blocked until now. */ | ||
755 | static void lguest_time_init(void) | ||
756 | { | ||
757 | /* Set up the timer interrupt (0) to go to our simple timer routine */ | ||
758 | set_irq_handler(0, lguest_time_irq); | ||
759 | |||
760 | /* Our clock structure look like arch/i386/kernel/tsc.c if we can use | ||
761 | * the TSC, otherwise it's a dumb nanosecond-resolution clock. Either | ||
762 | * way, the "rating" is initialized so high that it's always chosen | ||
763 | * over any other clocksource. */ | ||
764 | if (lguest_data.tsc_khz) | ||
765 | lguest_clock.mult = clocksource_khz2mult(lguest_data.tsc_khz, | ||
766 | lguest_clock.shift); | ||
767 | clock_base = lguest_clock_read(); | ||
768 | clocksource_register(&lguest_clock); | ||
769 | |||
770 | /* Now we've set up our clock, we can use it as the scheduler clock */ | ||
771 | pv_time_ops.sched_clock = lguest_sched_clock; | ||
772 | |||
773 | /* We can't set cpumask in the initializer: damn C limitations! Set it | ||
774 | * here and register our timer device. */ | ||
775 | lguest_clockevent.cpumask = cpumask_of_cpu(0); | ||
776 | clockevents_register_device(&lguest_clockevent); | ||
777 | |||
778 | /* Finally, we unblock the timer interrupt. */ | ||
779 | enable_lguest_irq(0); | ||
780 | } | ||
781 | |||
782 | /* | ||
783 | * Miscellaneous bits and pieces. | ||
784 | * | ||
785 | * Here is an oddball collection of functions which the Guest needs for things | ||
786 | * to work. They're pretty simple. | ||
787 | */ | ||
788 | |||
789 | /* The Guest needs to tell the host what stack it expects traps to use. For | ||
790 | * native hardware, this is part of the Task State Segment mentioned above in | ||
791 | * lguest_load_tr_desc(), but to help hypervisors there's this special call. | ||
792 | * | ||
793 | * We tell the Host the segment we want to use (__KERNEL_DS is the kernel data | ||
794 | * segment), the privilege level (we're privilege level 1, the Host is 0 and | ||
795 | * will not tolerate us trying to use that), the stack pointer, and the number | ||
796 | * of pages in the stack. */ | ||
797 | static void lguest_load_esp0(struct tss_struct *tss, | ||
798 | struct thread_struct *thread) | ||
799 | { | ||
800 | lazy_hcall(LHCALL_SET_STACK, __KERNEL_DS|0x1, thread->esp0, | ||
801 | THREAD_SIZE/PAGE_SIZE); | ||
802 | } | ||
803 | |||
804 | /* Let's just say, I wouldn't do debugging under a Guest. */ | ||
805 | static void lguest_set_debugreg(int regno, unsigned long value) | ||
806 | { | ||
807 | /* FIXME: Implement */ | ||
808 | } | ||
809 | |||
810 | /* There are times when the kernel wants to make sure that no memory writes are | ||
811 | * caught in the cache (that they've all reached real hardware devices). This | ||
812 | * doesn't matter for the Guest which has virtual hardware. | ||
813 | * | ||
814 | * On the Pentium 4 and above, cpuid() indicates that the Cache Line Flush | ||
815 | * (clflush) instruction is available and the kernel uses that. Otherwise, it | ||
816 | * uses the older "Write Back and Invalidate Cache" (wbinvd) instruction. | ||
817 | * Unlike clflush, wbinvd can only be run at privilege level 0. So we can | ||
818 | * ignore clflush, but replace wbinvd. | ||
819 | */ | ||
820 | static void lguest_wbinvd(void) | ||
821 | { | ||
822 | } | ||
823 | |||
824 | /* If the Guest expects to have an Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller, | ||
825 | * we play dumb by ignoring writes and returning 0 for reads. So it's no | ||
826 | * longer Programmable nor Controlling anything, and I don't think 8 lines of | ||
827 | * code qualifies for Advanced. It will also never interrupt anything. It | ||
828 | * does, however, allow us to get through the Linux boot code. */ | ||
829 | #ifdef CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC | ||
830 | static void lguest_apic_write(unsigned long reg, unsigned long v) | ||
831 | { | ||
832 | } | ||
833 | |||
834 | static unsigned long lguest_apic_read(unsigned long reg) | ||
835 | { | ||
836 | return 0; | ||
837 | } | ||
838 | #endif | ||
839 | |||
840 | /* STOP! Until an interrupt comes in. */ | ||
841 | static void lguest_safe_halt(void) | ||
842 | { | ||
843 | hcall(LHCALL_HALT, 0, 0, 0); | ||
844 | } | ||
845 | |||
846 | /* Perhaps CRASH isn't the best name for this hypercall, but we use it to get a | ||
847 | * message out when we're crashing as well as elegant termination like powering | ||
848 | * off. | ||
849 | * | ||
850 | * Note that the Host always prefers that the Guest speak in physical addresses | ||
851 | * rather than virtual addresses, so we use __pa() here. */ | ||
852 | static void lguest_power_off(void) | ||
853 | { | ||
854 | hcall(LHCALL_CRASH, __pa("Power down"), 0, 0); | ||
855 | } | ||
856 | |||
857 | /* | ||
858 | * Panicing. | ||
859 | * | ||
860 | * Don't. But if you did, this is what happens. | ||
861 | */ | ||
862 | static int lguest_panic(struct notifier_block *nb, unsigned long l, void *p) | ||
863 | { | ||
864 | hcall(LHCALL_CRASH, __pa(p), 0, 0); | ||
865 | /* The hcall won't return, but to keep gcc happy, we're "done". */ | ||
866 | return NOTIFY_DONE; | ||
867 | } | ||
868 | |||
869 | static struct notifier_block paniced = { | ||
870 | .notifier_call = lguest_panic | ||
871 | }; | ||
872 | |||
873 | /* Setting up memory is fairly easy. */ | ||
874 | static __init char *lguest_memory_setup(void) | ||
875 | { | ||
876 | /* We do this here and not earlier because lockcheck barfs if we do it | ||
877 | * before start_kernel() */ | ||
878 | atomic_notifier_chain_register(&panic_notifier_list, &paniced); | ||
879 | |||
880 | /* The Linux bootloader header contains an "e820" memory map: the | ||
881 | * Launcher populated the first entry with our memory limit. */ | ||
882 | add_memory_region(boot_params.e820_map[0].addr, | ||
883 | boot_params.e820_map[0].size, | ||
884 | boot_params.e820_map[0].type); | ||
885 | |||
886 | /* This string is for the boot messages. */ | ||
887 | return "LGUEST"; | ||
888 | } | ||
889 | |||
890 | /*G:050 | ||
891 | * Patching (Powerfully Placating Performance Pedants) | ||
892 | * | ||
893 | * We have already seen that pv_ops structures let us replace simple | ||
894 | * native instructions with calls to the appropriate back end all throughout | ||
895 | * the kernel. This allows the same kernel to run as a Guest and as a native | ||
896 | * kernel, but it's slow because of all the indirect branches. | ||
897 | * | ||
898 | * Remember that David Wheeler quote about "Any problem in computer science can | ||
899 | * be solved with another layer of indirection"? The rest of that quote is | ||
900 | * "... But that usually will create another problem." This is the first of | ||
901 | * those problems. | ||
902 | * | ||
903 | * Our current solution is to allow the paravirt back end to optionally patch | ||
904 | * over the indirect calls to replace them with something more efficient. We | ||
905 | * patch the four most commonly called functions: disable interrupts, enable | ||
906 | * interrupts, restore interrupts and save interrupts. We usually have 10 | ||
907 | * bytes to patch into: the Guest versions of these operations are small enough | ||
908 | * that we can fit comfortably. | ||
909 | * | ||
910 | * First we need assembly templates of each of the patchable Guest operations, | ||
911 | * and these are in lguest_asm.S. */ | ||
912 | |||
913 | /*G:060 We construct a table from the assembler templates: */ | ||
914 | static const struct lguest_insns | ||
915 | { | ||
916 | const char *start, *end; | ||
917 | } lguest_insns[] = { | ||
918 | [PARAVIRT_PATCH(pv_irq_ops.irq_disable)] = { lgstart_cli, lgend_cli }, | ||
919 | [PARAVIRT_PATCH(pv_irq_ops.irq_enable)] = { lgstart_sti, lgend_sti }, | ||
920 | [PARAVIRT_PATCH(pv_irq_ops.restore_fl)] = { lgstart_popf, lgend_popf }, | ||
921 | [PARAVIRT_PATCH(pv_irq_ops.save_fl)] = { lgstart_pushf, lgend_pushf }, | ||
922 | }; | ||
923 | |||
924 | /* Now our patch routine is fairly simple (based on the native one in | ||
925 | * paravirt.c). If we have a replacement, we copy it in and return how much of | ||
926 | * the available space we used. */ | ||
927 | static unsigned lguest_patch(u8 type, u16 clobber, void *ibuf, | ||
928 | unsigned long addr, unsigned len) | ||
929 | { | ||
930 | unsigned int insn_len; | ||
931 | |||
932 | /* Don't do anything special if we don't have a replacement */ | ||
933 | if (type >= ARRAY_SIZE(lguest_insns) || !lguest_insns[type].start) | ||
934 | return paravirt_patch_default(type, clobber, ibuf, addr, len); | ||
935 | |||
936 | insn_len = lguest_insns[type].end - lguest_insns[type].start; | ||
937 | |||
938 | /* Similarly if we can't fit replacement (shouldn't happen, but let's | ||
939 | * be thorough). */ | ||
940 | if (len < insn_len) | ||
941 | return paravirt_patch_default(type, clobber, ibuf, addr, len); | ||
942 | |||
943 | /* Copy in our instructions. */ | ||
944 | memcpy(ibuf, lguest_insns[type].start, insn_len); | ||
945 | return insn_len; | ||
946 | } | ||
947 | |||
948 | /*G:030 Once we get to lguest_init(), we know we're a Guest. The pv_ops | ||
949 | * structures in the kernel provide points for (almost) every routine we have | ||
950 | * to override to avoid privileged instructions. */ | ||
951 | __init void lguest_init(void *boot) | ||
952 | { | ||
953 | /* Copy boot parameters first: the Launcher put the physical location | ||
954 | * in %esi, and head.S converted that to a virtual address and handed | ||
955 | * it to us. We use "__memcpy" because "memcpy" sometimes tries to do | ||
956 | * tricky things to go faster, and we're not ready for that. */ | ||
957 | __memcpy(&boot_params, boot, PARAM_SIZE); | ||
958 | /* The boot parameters also tell us where the command-line is: save | ||
959 | * that, too. */ | ||
960 | __memcpy(boot_command_line, __va(boot_params.hdr.cmd_line_ptr), | ||
961 | COMMAND_LINE_SIZE); | ||
962 | |||
963 | /* We're under lguest, paravirt is enabled, and we're running at | ||
964 | * privilege level 1, not 0 as normal. */ | ||
965 | pv_info.name = "lguest"; | ||
966 | pv_info.paravirt_enabled = 1; | ||
967 | pv_info.kernel_rpl = 1; | ||
968 | |||
969 | /* We set up all the lguest overrides for sensitive operations. These | ||
970 | * are detailed with the operations themselves. */ | ||
971 | |||
972 | /* interrupt-related operations */ | ||
973 | pv_irq_ops.init_IRQ = lguest_init_IRQ; | ||
974 | pv_irq_ops.save_fl = save_fl; | ||
975 | pv_irq_ops.restore_fl = restore_fl; | ||
976 | pv_irq_ops.irq_disable = irq_disable; | ||
977 | pv_irq_ops.irq_enable = irq_enable; | ||
978 | pv_irq_ops.safe_halt = lguest_safe_halt; | ||
979 | |||
980 | /* init-time operations */ | ||
981 | pv_init_ops.memory_setup = lguest_memory_setup; | ||
982 | pv_init_ops.patch = lguest_patch; | ||
983 | |||
984 | /* Intercepts of various cpu instructions */ | ||
985 | pv_cpu_ops.load_gdt = lguest_load_gdt; | ||
986 | pv_cpu_ops.cpuid = lguest_cpuid; | ||
987 | pv_cpu_ops.load_idt = lguest_load_idt; | ||
988 | pv_cpu_ops.iret = lguest_iret; | ||
989 | pv_cpu_ops.load_esp0 = lguest_load_esp0; | ||
990 | pv_cpu_ops.load_tr_desc = lguest_load_tr_desc; | ||
991 | pv_cpu_ops.set_ldt = lguest_set_ldt; | ||
992 | pv_cpu_ops.load_tls = lguest_load_tls; | ||
993 | pv_cpu_ops.set_debugreg = lguest_set_debugreg; | ||
994 | pv_cpu_ops.clts = lguest_clts; | ||
995 | pv_cpu_ops.read_cr0 = lguest_read_cr0; | ||
996 | pv_cpu_ops.write_cr0 = lguest_write_cr0; | ||
997 | pv_cpu_ops.read_cr4 = lguest_read_cr4; | ||
998 | pv_cpu_ops.write_cr4 = lguest_write_cr4; | ||
999 | pv_cpu_ops.write_gdt_entry = lguest_write_gdt_entry; | ||
1000 | pv_cpu_ops.write_idt_entry = lguest_write_idt_entry; | ||
1001 | pv_cpu_ops.wbinvd = lguest_wbinvd; | ||
1002 | pv_cpu_ops.lazy_mode.enter = paravirt_enter_lazy_cpu; | ||
1003 | pv_cpu_ops.lazy_mode.leave = lguest_leave_lazy_mode; | ||
1004 | |||
1005 | /* pagetable management */ | ||
1006 | pv_mmu_ops.write_cr3 = lguest_write_cr3; | ||
1007 | pv_mmu_ops.flush_tlb_user = lguest_flush_tlb_user; | ||
1008 | pv_mmu_ops.flush_tlb_single = lguest_flush_tlb_single; | ||
1009 | pv_mmu_ops.flush_tlb_kernel = lguest_flush_tlb_kernel; | ||
1010 | pv_mmu_ops.set_pte = lguest_set_pte; | ||
1011 | pv_mmu_ops.set_pte_at = lguest_set_pte_at; | ||
1012 | pv_mmu_ops.set_pmd = lguest_set_pmd; | ||
1013 | pv_mmu_ops.read_cr2 = lguest_read_cr2; | ||
1014 | pv_mmu_ops.read_cr3 = lguest_read_cr3; | ||
1015 | pv_mmu_ops.lazy_mode.enter = paravirt_enter_lazy_mmu; | ||
1016 | pv_mmu_ops.lazy_mode.leave = lguest_leave_lazy_mode; | ||
1017 | |||
1018 | #ifdef CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC | ||
1019 | /* apic read/write intercepts */ | ||
1020 | pv_apic_ops.apic_write = lguest_apic_write; | ||
1021 | pv_apic_ops.apic_write_atomic = lguest_apic_write; | ||
1022 | pv_apic_ops.apic_read = lguest_apic_read; | ||
1023 | #endif | ||
1024 | |||
1025 | /* time operations */ | ||
1026 | pv_time_ops.get_wallclock = lguest_get_wallclock; | ||
1027 | pv_time_ops.time_init = lguest_time_init; | ||
1028 | |||
1029 | /* Now is a good time to look at the implementations of these functions | ||
1030 | * before returning to the rest of lguest_init(). */ | ||
1031 | |||
1032 | /*G:070 Now we've seen all the paravirt_ops, we return to | ||
1033 | * lguest_init() where the rest of the fairly chaotic boot setup | ||
1034 | * occurs. | ||
1035 | * | ||
1036 | * The Host expects our first hypercall to tell it where our "struct | ||
1037 | * lguest_data" is, so we do that first. */ | ||
1038 | hcall(LHCALL_LGUEST_INIT, __pa(&lguest_data), 0, 0); | ||
1039 | |||
1040 | /* The native boot code sets up initial page tables immediately after | ||
1041 | * the kernel itself, and sets init_pg_tables_end so they're not | ||
1042 | * clobbered. The Launcher places our initial pagetables somewhere at | ||
1043 | * the top of our physical memory, so we don't need extra space: set | ||
1044 | * init_pg_tables_end to the end of the kernel. */ | ||
1045 | init_pg_tables_end = __pa(pg0); | ||
1046 | |||
1047 | /* Load the %fs segment register (the per-cpu segment register) with | ||
1048 | * the normal data segment to get through booting. */ | ||
1049 | asm volatile ("mov %0, %%fs" : : "r" (__KERNEL_DS) : "memory"); | ||
1050 | |||
1051 | /* Clear the part of the kernel data which is expected to be zero. | ||
1052 | * Normally it will be anyway, but if we're loading from a bzImage with | ||
1053 | * CONFIG_RELOCATALE=y, the relocations will be sitting here. */ | ||
1054 | memset(__bss_start, 0, __bss_stop - __bss_start); | ||
1055 | |||
1056 | /* The Host uses the top of the Guest's virtual address space for the | ||
1057 | * Host<->Guest Switcher, and it tells us how much it needs in | ||
1058 | * lguest_data.reserve_mem, set up on the LGUEST_INIT hypercall. */ | ||
1059 | reserve_top_address(lguest_data.reserve_mem); | ||
1060 | |||
1061 | /* If we don't initialize the lock dependency checker now, it crashes | ||
1062 | * paravirt_disable_iospace. */ | ||
1063 | lockdep_init(); | ||
1064 | |||
1065 | /* The IDE code spends about 3 seconds probing for disks: if we reserve | ||
1066 | * all the I/O ports up front it can't get them and so doesn't probe. | ||
1067 | * Other device drivers are similar (but less severe). This cuts the | ||
1068 | * kernel boot time on my machine from 4.1 seconds to 0.45 seconds. */ | ||
1069 | paravirt_disable_iospace(); | ||
1070 | |||
1071 | /* This is messy CPU setup stuff which the native boot code does before | ||
1072 | * start_kernel, so we have to do, too: */ | ||
1073 | cpu_detect(&new_cpu_data); | ||
1074 | /* head.S usually sets up the first capability word, so do it here. */ | ||
1075 | new_cpu_data.x86_capability[0] = cpuid_edx(1); | ||
1076 | |||
1077 | /* Math is always hard! */ | ||
1078 | new_cpu_data.hard_math = 1; | ||
1079 | |||
1080 | #ifdef CONFIG_X86_MCE | ||
1081 | mce_disabled = 1; | ||
1082 | #endif | ||
1083 | #ifdef CONFIG_ACPI | ||
1084 | acpi_disabled = 1; | ||
1085 | acpi_ht = 0; | ||
1086 | #endif | ||
1087 | |||
1088 | /* We set the perferred console to "hvc". This is the "hypervisor | ||
1089 | * virtual console" driver written by the PowerPC people, which we also | ||
1090 | * adapted for lguest's use. */ | ||
1091 | add_preferred_console("hvc", 0, NULL); | ||
1092 | |||
1093 | /* Last of all, we set the power management poweroff hook to point to | ||
1094 | * the Guest routine to power off. */ | ||
1095 | pm_power_off = lguest_power_off; | ||
1096 | |||
1097 | /* Now we're set up, call start_kernel() in init/main.c and we proceed | ||
1098 | * to boot as normal. It never returns. */ | ||
1099 | start_kernel(); | ||
1100 | } | ||
1101 | /* | ||
1102 | * This marks the end of stage II of our journey, The Guest. | ||
1103 | * | ||
1104 | * It is now time for us to explore the nooks and crannies of the three Guest | ||
1105 | * devices and complete our understanding of the Guest in "make Drivers". | ||
1106 | */ | ||
diff --git a/drivers/lguest/lguest_asm.S b/drivers/lguest/lguest_asm.S deleted file mode 100644 index 1ddcd5cd20f..00000000000 --- a/drivers/lguest/lguest_asm.S +++ /dev/null | |||
@@ -1,93 +0,0 @@ | |||
1 | #include <linux/linkage.h> | ||
2 | #include <linux/lguest.h> | ||
3 | #include <asm/asm-offsets.h> | ||
4 | #include <asm/thread_info.h> | ||
5 | #include <asm/processor-flags.h> | ||
6 | |||
7 | /*G:020 This is where we begin: we have a magic signature which the launcher | ||
8 | * looks for. The plan is that the Linux boot protocol will be extended with a | ||
9 | * "platform type" field which will guide us here from the normal entry point, | ||
10 | * but for the moment this suffices. The normal boot code uses %esi for the | ||
11 | * boot header, so we do too. We convert it to a virtual address by adding | ||
12 | * PAGE_OFFSET, and hand it to lguest_init() as its argument (ie. %eax). | ||
13 | * | ||
14 | * The .section line puts this code in .init.text so it will be discarded after | ||
15 | * boot. */ | ||
16 | .section .init.text, "ax", @progbits | ||
17 | .ascii "GenuineLguest" | ||
18 | /* Set up initial stack. */ | ||
19 | movl $(init_thread_union+THREAD_SIZE),%esp | ||
20 | movl %esi, %eax | ||
21 | addl $__PAGE_OFFSET, %eax | ||
22 | jmp lguest_init | ||
23 | |||
24 | /*G:055 We create a macro which puts the assembler code between lgstart_ and | ||
25 | * lgend_ markers. These templates are put in the .text section: they can't be | ||
26 | * discarded after boot as we may need to patch modules, too. */ | ||
27 | .text | ||
28 | #define LGUEST_PATCH(name, insns...) \ | ||
29 | lgstart_##name: insns; lgend_##name:; \ | ||
30 | .globl lgstart_##name; .globl lgend_##name | ||
31 | |||
32 | LGUEST_PATCH(cli, movl $0, lguest_data+LGUEST_DATA_irq_enabled) | ||
33 | LGUEST_PATCH(sti, movl $X86_EFLAGS_IF, lguest_data+LGUEST_DATA_irq_enabled) | ||
34 | LGUEST_PATCH(popf, movl %eax, lguest_data+LGUEST_DATA_irq_enabled) | ||
35 | LGUEST_PATCH(pushf, movl lguest_data+LGUEST_DATA_irq_enabled, %eax) | ||
36 | /*:*/ | ||
37 | |||
38 | /* These demark the EIP range where host should never deliver interrupts. */ | ||
39 | .global lguest_noirq_start | ||
40 | .global lguest_noirq_end | ||
41 | |||
42 | /*M:004 When the Host reflects a trap or injects an interrupt into the Guest, | ||
43 | * it sets the eflags interrupt bit on the stack based on | ||
44 | * lguest_data.irq_enabled, so the Guest iret logic does the right thing when | ||
45 | * restoring it. However, when the Host sets the Guest up for direct traps, | ||
46 | * such as system calls, the processor is the one to push eflags onto the | ||
47 | * stack, and the interrupt bit will be 1 (in reality, interrupts are always | ||
48 | * enabled in the Guest). | ||
49 | * | ||
50 | * This turns out to be harmless: the only trap which should happen under Linux | ||
51 | * with interrupts disabled is Page Fault (due to our lazy mapping of vmalloc | ||
52 | * regions), which has to be reflected through the Host anyway. If another | ||
53 | * trap *does* go off when interrupts are disabled, the Guest will panic, and | ||
54 | * we'll never get to this iret! :*/ | ||
55 | |||
56 | /*G:045 There is one final paravirt_op that the Guest implements, and glancing | ||
57 | * at it you can see why I left it to last. It's *cool*! It's in *assembler*! | ||
58 | * | ||
59 | * The "iret" instruction is used to return from an interrupt or trap. The | ||
60 | * stack looks like this: | ||
61 | * old address | ||
62 | * old code segment & privilege level | ||
63 | * old processor flags ("eflags") | ||
64 | * | ||
65 | * The "iret" instruction pops those values off the stack and restores them all | ||
66 | * at once. The only problem is that eflags includes the Interrupt Flag which | ||
67 | * the Guest can't change: the CPU will simply ignore it when we do an "iret". | ||
68 | * So we have to copy eflags from the stack to lguest_data.irq_enabled before | ||
69 | * we do the "iret". | ||
70 | * | ||
71 | * There are two problems with this: firstly, we need to use a register to do | ||
72 | * the copy and secondly, the whole thing needs to be atomic. The first | ||
73 | * problem is easy to solve: push %eax on the stack so we can use it, and then | ||
74 | * restore it at the end just before the real "iret". | ||
75 | * | ||
76 | * The second is harder: copying eflags to lguest_data.irq_enabled will turn | ||
77 | * interrupts on before we're finished, so we could be interrupted before we | ||
78 | * return to userspace or wherever. Our solution to this is to surround the | ||
79 | * code with lguest_noirq_start: and lguest_noirq_end: labels. We tell the | ||
80 | * Host that it is *never* to interrupt us there, even if interrupts seem to be | ||
81 | * enabled. */ | ||
82 | ENTRY(lguest_iret) | ||
83 | pushl %eax | ||
84 | movl 12(%esp), %eax | ||
85 | lguest_noirq_start: | ||
86 | /* Note the %ss: segment prefix here. Normal data accesses use the | ||
87 | * "ds" segment, but that will have already been restored for whatever | ||
88 | * we're returning to (such as userspace): we can't trust it. The %ss: | ||
89 | * prefix makes sure we use the stack segment, which is still valid. */ | ||
90 | movl %eax,%ss:lguest_data+LGUEST_DATA_irq_enabled | ||
91 | popl %eax | ||
92 | iret | ||
93 | lguest_noirq_end: | ||