uml: console subsystem tidying

This does a lot of cleanup on the UML console system.  This patch should be
entirely non-functional.

The tidying is as follows:
	header cleanups - the includes should be closer to minimal and complete
	all printks now have a severity
	lots of style fixes
	fd_close is restructured a little in order to reduce the nesting
	some functions were calling the os_* wrappers when they can
call libc directly
	port_accept had a unnecessary variable
	it also tested a pid unecessarily before killing it
	some functions were made static
	xterm_free is gone, as it was identical to generic_free

Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Paolo 'Blaisorblade' Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

9 files changed, 296 insertions, 299 deletions

diff --git a/arch/um/drivers/chan_kern.c b/arch/um/drivers/chan_kern.c
index 9a6222f1a51..c09dbdfa298 100644
--- a/arch/um/drivers/chan_kern.c
+++ b/arch/um/drivers/chan_kern.c
@@ -1,28 +1,19 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002 Jeff Dike (jdike@karaya.com)
+ * Copyright (C) 2000 - 2007 Jeff Dike (jdike@{linux.intel,addtoit}.com)
  * Licensed under the GPL
  */
 
-#include <linux/stddef.h>
-#include <linux/kernel.h>
-#include <linux/list.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
 #include <linux/tty.h>
-#include <linux/string.h>
 #include <linux/tty_flip.h>
-#include <asm/irq.h>
 #include "chan_kern.h"
-#include "kern.h"
-#include "irq_user.h"
-#include "sigio.h"
-#include "line.h"
 #include "os.h"
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_NOCONFIG_CHAN
 static void *not_configged_init(char *str, int device,
                                 const struct chan_opts *opts)
 {
-        printk("Using a channel type which is configured out of "
+        printk(KERN_ERR "Using a channel type which is configured out of "
                "UML\n");
         return NULL;
 }
@@ -30,34 +21,34 @@ static void *not_configged_init(char *str, int device,
 static int not_configged_open(int input, int output, int primary, void *data,
                               char **dev_out)
 {
-        printk("Using a channel type which is configured out of "
+        printk(KERN_ERR "Using a channel type which is configured out of "
                "UML\n");
         return -ENODEV;
 }
 
 static void not_configged_close(int fd, void *data)
 {
-        printk("Using a channel type which is configured out of "
+        printk(KERN_ERR "Using a channel type which is configured out of "
                "UML\n");
 }
 
 static int not_configged_read(int fd, char *c_out, void *data)
 {
-        printk("Using a channel type which is configured out of "
+        printk(KERN_ERR "Using a channel type which is configured out of "
                "UML\n");
         return -EIO;
 }
 
 static int not_configged_write(int fd, const char *buf, int len, void *data)
 {
-        printk("Using a channel type which is configured out of "
+        printk(KERN_ERR "Using a channel type which is configured out of "
                "UML\n");
         return -EIO;
 }
 
 static int not_configged_console_write(int fd, const char *buf, int len)
 {
-        printk("Using a channel type which is configured out of "
+        printk(KERN_ERR "Using a channel type which is configured out of "
                "UML\n");
         return -EIO;
 }
@@ -65,14 +56,14 @@ static int not_configged_console_write(int fd, const char *buf, int len)
 static int not_configged_window_size(int fd, void *data, unsigned short *rows,
                                      unsigned short *cols)
 {
-        printk("Using a channel type which is configured out of "
+        printk(KERN_ERR "Using a channel type which is configured out of "
                "UML\n");
         return -ENODEV;
 }
 
 static void not_configged_free(void *data)
 {
-        printk("Using a channel type which is configured out of "
+        printk(KERN_ERR "Using a channel type which is configured out of "
                "UML\n");
 }
 
@@ -91,14 +82,15 @@ static const struct chan_ops not_configged_ops = {
 
 static void tty_receive_char(struct tty_struct *tty, char ch)
 {
-        if(tty == NULL) return;
+        if (tty == NULL)
+                return;
 
-        if(I_IXON(tty) && !I_IXOFF(tty) && !tty->raw) {
-                if(ch == STOP_CHAR(tty)){
+        if (I_IXON(tty) && !I_IXOFF(tty) && !tty->raw) {
+                if (ch == STOP_CHAR(tty)) {
                         stop_tty(tty);
                         return;
                 }
-                else if(ch == START_CHAR(tty)){
+                else if (ch == START_CHAR(tty)) {
                         start_tty(tty);
                         return;
                 }
@@ -111,14 +103,14 @@ static int open_one_chan(struct chan *chan)
 {
         int fd, err;
 
-        if(chan->opened)
+        if (chan->opened)
                 return 0;
 
-        if(chan->ops->open == NULL)
+        if (chan->ops->open == NULL)
                 fd = 0;
         else fd = (*chan->ops->open)(chan->input, chan->output, chan->primary,
                                      chan->data, &chan->dev);
-        if(fd < 0)
+        if (fd < 0)
                 return fd;
 
         err = os_set_fd_block(fd, 0);
@@ -139,10 +131,10 @@ int open_chan(struct list_head *chans)
         struct chan *chan;
         int ret, err = 0;
 
-        list_for_each(ele, chans){
+        list_for_each(ele, chans) {
                 chan = list_entry(ele, struct chan, list);
                 ret = open_one_chan(chan);
-                if(chan->primary)
+                if (chan->primary)
                         err = ret;
         }
         return err;
@@ -153,9 +145,9 @@ void chan_enable_winch(struct list_head *chans, struct tty_struct *tty)
         struct list_head *ele;
         struct chan *chan;
 
-        list_for_each(ele, chans){
+        list_for_each(ele, chans) {
                 chan = list_entry(ele, struct chan, list);
-                if(chan->primary && chan->output && chan->ops->winch){
+                if (chan->primary && chan->output && chan->ops->winch) {
                         register_winch(chan->fd, tty);
                         return;
                 }
@@ -168,7 +160,7 @@ int enable_chan(struct line *line)
         struct chan *chan;
         int err;
 
-        list_for_each(ele, &line->chan_list){
+        list_for_each(ele, &line->chan_list) {
                 chan = list_entry(ele, struct chan, list);
                 err = open_one_chan(chan);
                 if (err) {
@@ -178,7 +170,7 @@ int enable_chan(struct line *line)
                         continue;
                 }
 
-                if(chan->enabled)
+                if (chan->enabled)
                         continue;
                 err = line_setup_irq(chan->fd, chan->input, chan->output, line,
                                      chan);
@@ -215,12 +207,12 @@ void free_irqs(void)
         list_splice_init(&irqs_to_free, &list);
         spin_unlock_irqrestore(&irqs_to_free_lock, flags);
 
-        list_for_each(ele, &list){
+        list_for_each(ele, &list) {
                 chan = list_entry(ele, struct chan, free_list);
 
-                if(chan->input)
+                if (chan->input)
                         free_irq(chan->line->driver->read_irq, chan);
-                if(chan->output)
+                if (chan->output)
                         free_irq(chan->line->driver->write_irq, chan);
                 chan->enabled = 0;
         }
@@ -230,22 +222,22 @@ static void close_one_chan(struct chan *chan, int delay_free_irq)
 {
         unsigned long flags;
 
-        if(!chan->opened)
+        if (!chan->opened)
                 return;
 
-        if(delay_free_irq){
+        if (delay_free_irq) {
                 spin_lock_irqsave(&irqs_to_free_lock, flags);
                 list_add(&chan->free_list, &irqs_to_free);
                 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&irqs_to_free_lock, flags);
         }
         else {
-                if(chan->input)
+                if (chan->input)
                         free_irq(chan->line->driver->read_irq, chan);
-                if(chan->output)
+                if (chan->output)
                         free_irq(chan->line->driver->write_irq, chan);
                 chan->enabled = 0;
         }
-        if(chan->ops->close != NULL)
+        if (chan->ops->close != NULL)
                 (*chan->ops->close)(chan->fd, chan->data);
 
         chan->opened = 0;
@@ -274,7 +266,7 @@ void deactivate_chan(struct list_head *chans, int irq)
         list_for_each(ele, chans) {
                 chan = list_entry(ele, struct chan, list);
 
-                if(chan->enabled && chan->input)
+                if (chan->enabled && chan->input)
                         deactivate_fd(chan->fd, irq);
         }
 }
@@ -287,7 +279,7 @@ void reactivate_chan(struct list_head *chans, int irq)
         list_for_each(ele, chans) {
                 chan = list_entry(ele, struct chan, list);
 
-                if(chan->enabled && chan->input)
+                if (chan->enabled && chan->input)
                         reactivate_fd(chan->fd, irq);
         }
 }
@@ -303,6 +295,7 @@ int write_chan(struct list_head *chans, const char *buf, int len,
                 chan = list_entry(ele, struct chan, list);
                 if (!chan->output || (chan->ops->write == NULL))
                         continue;
+
                 n = chan->ops->write(chan->fd, buf, len, chan->data);
                 if (chan->primary) {
                         ret = n;
@@ -319,12 +312,14 @@ int console_write_chan(struct list_head *chans, const char *buf, int len)
         struct chan *chan;
         int n, ret = 0;
 
-        list_for_each(ele, chans){
+        list_for_each(ele, chans) {
                 chan = list_entry(ele, struct chan, list);
-                if(!chan->output || (chan->ops->console_write == NULL))
+                if (!chan->output || (chan->ops->console_write == NULL))
                         continue;
+
                 n = chan->ops->console_write(chan->fd, buf, len);
-                if(chan->primary) ret = n;
+                if (chan->primary)
+                        ret = n;
         }
         return ret;
 }
@@ -334,10 +329,11 @@ int console_open_chan(struct line *line, struct console *co)
         int err;
 
         err = open_chan(&line->chan_list);
-        if(err)
+        if (err)
                 return err;
 
-        printk("Console initialized on /dev/%s%d\n", co->name, co->index);
+        printk(KERN_INFO "Console initialized on /dev/%s%d\n", co->name,
+               co->index);
         return 0;
 }
 
@@ -347,10 +343,10 @@ int chan_window_size(struct list_head *chans, unsigned short *rows_out,
         struct list_head *ele;
         struct chan *chan;
 
-        list_for_each(ele, chans){
+        list_for_each(ele, chans) {
                 chan = list_entry(ele, struct chan, list);
-                if(chan->primary){
-                        if(chan->ops->window_size == NULL)
+                if (chan->primary) {
+                        if (chan->ops->window_size == NULL)
                                 return 0;
                         return chan->ops->window_size(chan->fd, chan->data,
                                                       rows_out, cols_out);
@@ -365,10 +361,11 @@ static void free_one_chan(struct chan *chan, int delay_free_irq)
 
         close_one_chan(chan, delay_free_irq);
 
-        if(chan->ops->free != NULL)
+        if (chan->ops->free != NULL)
                 (*chan->ops->free)(chan->data);
 
-        if(chan->primary && chan->output) ignore_sigio_fd(chan->fd);
+        if (chan->primary && chan->output)
+                ignore_sigio_fd(chan->fd);
         kfree(chan);
 }
 
@@ -377,7 +374,7 @@ static void free_chan(struct list_head *chans, int delay_free_irq)
         struct list_head *ele, *next;
         struct chan *chan;
 
-        list_for_each_safe(ele, next, chans){
+        list_for_each_safe(ele, next, chans) {
                 chan = list_entry(ele, struct chan, list);
                 free_one_chan(chan, delay_free_irq);
         }
@@ -388,14 +385,14 @@ static int one_chan_config_string(struct chan *chan, char *str, int size,
 {
         int n = 0;
 
-        if(chan == NULL){
+        if (chan == NULL) {
                 CONFIG_CHUNK(str, size, n, "none", 1);
                 return n;
         }
 
         CONFIG_CHUNK(str, size, n, chan->ops->type, 0);
 
-        if(chan->dev == NULL){
+        if (chan->dev == NULL) {
                 CONFIG_CHUNK(str, size, n, "", 1);
                 return n;
         }
@@ -415,7 +412,7 @@ static int chan_pair_config_string(struct chan *in, struct chan *out,
         str += n;
         size -= n;
 
-        if(in == out){
+        if (in == out) {
                 CONFIG_CHUNK(str, size, n, "", 1);
                 return n;
         }
@@ -435,13 +432,13 @@ int chan_config_string(struct list_head *chans, char *str, int size,
         struct list_head *ele;
         struct chan *chan, *in = NULL, *out = NULL;
 
-        list_for_each(ele, chans){
+        list_for_each(ele, chans) {
                 chan = list_entry(ele, struct chan, list);
-                if(!chan->primary)
+                if (!chan->primary)
                         continue;
-                if(chan->input)
+                if (chan->input)
                         in = chan;
-                if(chan->output)
+                if (chan->output)
                         out = chan;
         }
 
@@ -500,27 +497,27 @@ static struct chan *parse_chan(struct line *line, char *str, int device,
 
         ops = NULL;
         data = NULL;
-        for(i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(chan_table); i++){
+        for(i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(chan_table); i++) {
                 entry = &chan_table[i];
-                if(!strncmp(str, entry->key, strlen(entry->key))){
+                if (!strncmp(str, entry->key, strlen(entry->key))) {
                         ops = entry->ops;
                         str += strlen(entry->key);
                         break;
                 }
         }
-        if(ops == NULL){
+        if (ops == NULL) {
                 *error_out = "No match for configured backends";
                 return NULL;
         }
 
         data = (*ops->init)(str, device, opts);
-        if(data == NULL){
+        if (data == NULL) {
                 *error_out = "Configuration failed";
                 return NULL;
         }
 
         chan = kmalloc(sizeof(*chan), GFP_ATOMIC);
-        if(chan == NULL){
+        if (chan == NULL) {
                 *error_out = "Memory allocation failed";
                 return NULL;
         }
@@ -546,26 +543,26 @@ int parse_chan_pair(char *str, struct line *line, int device,
         struct chan *new, *chan;
         char *in, *out;
 
-        if(!list_empty(chans)){
+        if (!list_empty(chans)) {
                 chan = list_entry(chans->next, struct chan, list);
                 free_chan(chans, 0);
                 INIT_LIST_HEAD(chans);
         }
 
         out = strchr(str, ',');
-        if(out != NULL){
+        if (out != NULL) {
                 in = str;
                 *out = '\0';
                 out++;
                 new = parse_chan(line, in, device, opts, error_out);
-                if(new == NULL)
+                if (new == NULL)
                         return -1;
 
                 new->input = 1;
                 list_add(&new->list, chans);
 
                 new = parse_chan(line, out, device, opts, error_out);
-                if(new == NULL)
+                if (new == NULL)
                         return -1;
 
                 list_add(&new->list, chans);
@@ -573,7 +570,7 @@ int parse_chan_pair(char *str, struct line *line, int device,
         }
         else {
                 new = parse_chan(line, str, device, opts, error_out);
-                if(new == NULL)
+                if (new == NULL)
                         return -1;
 
                 list_add(&new->list, chans);
@@ -588,9 +585,9 @@ int chan_out_fd(struct list_head *chans)
         struct list_head *ele;
         struct chan *chan;
 
-        list_for_each(ele, chans){
+        list_for_each(ele, chans) {
                 chan = list_entry(ele, struct chan, list);
-                if(chan->primary && chan->output)
+                if (chan->primary && chan->output)
                         return chan->fd;
         }
         return -1;
@@ -604,23 +601,25 @@ void chan_interrupt(struct list_head *chans, struct delayed_work *task,
         int err;
         char c;
 
-        list_for_each_safe(ele, next, chans){
+        list_for_each_safe(ele, next, chans) {
                 chan = list_entry(ele, struct chan, list);
-                if(!chan->input || (chan->ops->read == NULL)) continue;
+                if (!chan->input || (chan->ops->read == NULL))
+                        continue;
                 do {
                         if (tty && !tty_buffer_request_room(tty, 1)) {
                                 schedule_delayed_work(task, 1);
                                 goto out;
                         }
                         err = chan->ops->read(chan->fd, &c, chan->data);
-                        if(err > 0)
+                        if (err > 0)
                                 tty_receive_char(tty, c);
-                } while(err > 0);
+                } while (err > 0);
 
-                if(err == 0) reactivate_fd(chan->fd, irq);
-                if(err == -EIO){
-                        if(chan->primary){
-                                if(tty != NULL)
+                if (err == 0)
+                        reactivate_fd(chan->fd, irq);
+                if (err == -EIO) {
+                        if (chan->primary) {
+                                if (tty != NULL)
                                         tty_hangup(tty);
                                 close_chan(chans, 1);
                                 return;
@@ -629,5 +628,6 @@ void chan_interrupt(struct list_head *chans, struct delayed_work *task,
                 }
         }
  out:
-        if(tty) tty_flip_buffer_push(tty);
+        if (tty)
+                tty_flip_buffer_push(tty);
 }
diff --git a/arch/um/drivers/chan_user.c b/arch/um/drivers/chan_user.c
index 40271afa3ee..77557e233f5 100644
--- a/arch/um/drivers/chan_user.c
+++ b/arch/um/drivers/chan_user.c
@@ -1,25 +1,19 @@
 /* 
- * Copyright (C) 2000 - 2003 Jeff Dike (jdike@addtoit.com)
+ * Copyright (C) 2000 - 2007 Jeff Dike (jdike@{linux.intel,addtoit}.com)
  * Licensed under the GPL
  */
 
-#include <unistd.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
 #include <errno.h>
-#include <termios.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <signal.h>
 #include <sched.h>
-#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <termios.h>
 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
-#include <sys/socket.h>
-#include "kern_util.h"
 #include "chan_user.h"
-#include "user.h"
 #include "os.h"
-#include "choose-mode.h"
-#include "mode.h"
 #include "um_malloc.h"
+#include "user.h"
 
 void generic_close(int fd, void *unused)
 {
@@ -53,7 +47,7 @@ int generic_window_size(int fd, void *unused, unsigned short *rows_out,
         struct winsize size;
         int ret;
 
-        if(ioctl(fd, TIOCGWINSZ, &size) < 0)
+        if (ioctl(fd, TIOCGWINSZ, &size) < 0)
                 return -errno;
 
         ret = ((*rows_out != size.ws_row) || (*cols_out != size.ws_col));
@@ -74,7 +68,7 @@ int generic_console_write(int fd, const char *buf, int n)
         struct termios save, new;
         int err;
 
-        if(isatty(fd)){
+        if (isatty(fd)) {
                 CATCH_EINTR(err = tcgetattr(fd, &save));
                 if (err)
                         goto error;
@@ -90,11 +84,11 @@ int generic_console_write(int fd, const char *buf, int n)
         err = generic_write(fd, buf, n, NULL);
         /* Restore raw mode, in any case; we *must* ignore any error apart
          * EINTR, except for debug.*/
-        if(isatty(fd))
+        if (isatty(fd))
                 CATCH_EINTR(tcsetattr(fd, TCSAFLUSH, &save));
-        return(err);
+        return err;
 error:
-        return(-errno);
+        return -errno;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -137,56 +131,62 @@ static int winch_thread(void *arg)
         pty_fd = data->pty_fd;
         pipe_fd = data->pipe_fd;
         count = os_write_file(pipe_fd, &c, sizeof(c));
-        if(count != sizeof(c))
-                printk("winch_thread : failed to write synchronization "
-                       "byte, err = %d\n", -count);
+        if (count != sizeof(c))
+                printk(UM_KERN_ERR "winch_thread : failed to write "
+                       "synchronization byte, err = %d\n", -count);
 
-        /* We are not using SIG_IGN on purpose, so don't fix it as I thought to
+        /*
+         * We are not using SIG_IGN on purpose, so don't fix it as I thought to
          * do! If using SIG_IGN, the sigsuspend() call below would not stop on
-         * SIGWINCH. */
+         * SIGWINCH.
+         */
 
         signal(SIGWINCH, winch_handler);
         sigfillset(&sigs);
         /* Block all signals possible. */
-        if(sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &sigs, NULL) < 0){
-                printk("winch_thread : sigprocmask failed, errno = %d\n", 
-                       errno);
+        if (sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &sigs, NULL) < 0) {
+                printk(UM_KERN_ERR "winch_thread : sigprocmask failed, "
+                       "errno = %d\n", errno);
                 exit(1);
         }
         /* In sigsuspend(), block anything else than SIGWINCH. */
         sigdelset(&sigs, SIGWINCH);
 
-        if(setsid() < 0){
-                printk("winch_thread : setsid failed, errno = %d\n", errno);
+        if (setsid() < 0) {
+                printk(UM_KERN_ERR "winch_thread : setsid failed, errno = %d\n",
+                       errno);
                 exit(1);
         }
 
         err = os_new_tty_pgrp(pty_fd, os_getpid());
-        if(err < 0){
-                printk("winch_thread : new_tty_pgrp failed on fd %d, "
-                       "err = %d\n", pty_fd, -err);
+        if (err < 0) {
+                printk(UM_KERN_ERR "winch_thread : new_tty_pgrp failed on "
+                       "fd %d err = %d\n", pty_fd, -err);
                 exit(1);
         }
 
-        /* These are synchronization calls between various UML threads on the
+        /*
+         * These are synchronization calls between various UML threads on the
          * host - since they are not different kernel threads, we cannot use
          * kernel semaphores. We don't use SysV semaphores because they are
-         * persistent. */
+         * persistent.
+         */
         count = os_read_file(pipe_fd, &c, sizeof(c));
-        if(count != sizeof(c))
-                printk("winch_thread : failed to read synchronization byte, "
-                       "err = %d\n", -count);
+        if (count != sizeof(c))
+                printk(UM_KERN_ERR "winch_thread : failed to read "
+                       "synchronization byte, err = %d\n", -count);
 
-        while(1){
-                /* This will be interrupted by SIGWINCH only, since
+        while(1) {
+                /*
+                 * This will be interrupted by SIGWINCH only, since
                  * other signals are blocked.
                  */
                 sigsuspend(&sigs);
 
                 count = os_write_file(pipe_fd, &c, sizeof(c));
-                if(count != sizeof(c))
-                        printk("winch_thread : write failed, err = %d\n",
-                               -count);
+                if (count != sizeof(c))
+                        printk(UM_KERN_ERR "winch_thread : write failed, "
+                               "err = %d\n", -count);
         }
 }
 
@@ -198,36 +198,41 @@ static int winch_tramp(int fd, struct tty_struct *tty, int *fd_out,
         char c;
 
         err = os_pipe(fds, 1, 1);
-        if(err < 0){
-                printk("winch_tramp : os_pipe failed, err = %d\n", -err);
+        if (err < 0) {
+                printk(UM_KERN_ERR "winch_tramp : os_pipe failed, err = %d\n",
+                       -err);
                 goto out;
         }
 
         data = ((struct winch_data) { .pty_fd           = fd,
                                       .pipe_fd          = fds[1] } );
-        /* CLONE_FILES so this thread doesn't hold open files which are open
+        /*
+         * CLONE_FILES so this thread doesn't hold open files which are open
          * now, but later closed in a different thread.  This is a
          * problem with /dev/net/tun, which if held open by this
          * thread, prevents the TUN/TAP device from being reused.
          */
         err = run_helper_thread(winch_thread, &data, CLONE_FILES, stack_out);
-        if(err < 0){
-                printk("fork of winch_thread failed - errno = %d\n", -err);
+        if (err < 0) {
+                printk(UM_KERN_ERR "fork of winch_thread failed - errno = %d\n",
+                       -err);
                 goto out_close;
         }
 
         *fd_out = fds[0];
         n = os_read_file(fds[0], &c, sizeof(c));
-        if(n != sizeof(c)){
-                printk("winch_tramp : failed to read synchronization byte\n");
-                printk("read failed, err = %d\n", -n);
-                printk("fd %d will not support SIGWINCH\n", fd);
-                err = -EINVAL;
+        if (n != sizeof(c)) {
+                printk(UM_KERN_ERR "winch_tramp : failed to read "
+                       "synchronization byte\n");
+                printk(UM_KERN_ERR "read failed, err = %d\n", -n);
+                printk(UM_KERN_ERR "fd %d will not support SIGWINCH\n", fd);
+                err = -EINVAL;
                 goto out_close;
         }
 
         if (os_set_fd_block(*fd_out, 0)) {
-                printk("winch_tramp: failed to set thread_fd non-blocking.\n");
+                printk(UM_KERN_ERR "winch_tramp: failed to set thread_fd "
+                       "non-blocking.\n");
                 goto out_close;
         }
 
@@ -246,7 +251,7 @@ void register_winch(int fd, struct tty_struct *tty)
         int pid, thread, count, thread_fd = -1;
         char c = 1;
 
-        if(!isatty(fd))
+        if (!isatty(fd))
                 return;
 
         pid = tcgetpgrp(fd);
@@ -259,8 +264,8 @@ void register_winch(int fd, struct tty_struct *tty)
                 register_winch_irq(thread_fd, fd, thread, tty, stack);
 
                 count = os_write_file(thread_fd, &c, sizeof(c));
-                if(count != sizeof(c))
-                        printk("register_winch : failed to write "
+                if (count != sizeof(c))
+                        printk(UM_KERN_ERR "register_winch : failed to write "
                                "synchronization byte, err = %d\n", -count);
         }
 }
diff --git a/arch/um/drivers/fd.c b/arch/um/drivers/fd.c
index 39c01ffd45c..207b0444c9d 100644
--- a/arch/um/drivers/fd.c
+++ b/arch/um/drivers/fd.c
@@ -1,17 +1,19 @@
 /* 
- * Copyright (C) 2001 Jeff Dike (jdike@karaya.com)
+ * Copyright (C) 2001 - 2007 Jeff Dike (jdike@{linux.intel,addtoit}.com)
  * Licensed under the GPL
  */
 
-#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-#include <termios.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
 #include <errno.h>
-#include "user.h"
+#include <termios.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
 #include "chan_user.h"
-#include "os.h"
 #include "um_malloc.h"
+#include "user.h"
+#include "os.h"
+#include "kern_constants.h"
 
 struct fd_chan {
         int fd;
@@ -26,22 +28,26 @@ static void *fd_init(char *str, int device, const struct chan_opts *opts)
         char *end;
         int n;
 
-        if(*str != ':'){
-                printk("fd_init : channel type 'fd' must specify a file "
-                       "descriptor\n");
-                return(NULL);
+        if (*str != ':') {
+                printk(UM_KERN_ERR "fd_init : channel type 'fd' must specify a "
+                       "file descriptor\n");
+                return NULL;
         }
         str++;
         n = strtoul(str, &end, 0);
-        if((*end != '\0') || (end == str)){
-                printk("fd_init : couldn't parse file descriptor '%s'\n", str);
-                return(NULL);
+        if ((*end != '\0') || (end == str)) {
+                printk(UM_KERN_ERR "fd_init : couldn't parse file descriptor "
+                       "'%s'\n", str);
+                return NULL;
         }
+
         data = kmalloc(sizeof(*data), UM_GFP_KERNEL);
-        if(data == NULL) return(NULL);
+        if(data == NULL)
+                return NULL;
+
         *data = ((struct fd_chan) { .fd         = n,
                                     .raw        = opts->raw });
-        return(data);
+        return data;
 }
 
 static int fd_open(int input, int output, int primary, void *d, char **dev_out)
@@ -49,18 +55,18 @@ static int fd_open(int input, int output, int primary, void *d, char **dev_out)
         struct fd_chan *data = d;
         int err;
 
-        if(data->raw && isatty(data->fd)){
+        if (data->raw && isatty(data->fd)) {
                 CATCH_EINTR(err = tcgetattr(data->fd, &data->tt));
-                if(err)
-                        return(err);
+                if (err)
+                        return err;
 
                 err = raw(data->fd);
-                if(err)
-                        return(err);
+                if (err)
+                        return err;
         }
         sprintf(data->str, "%d", data->fd);
         *dev_out = data->str;
-        return(data->fd);
+        return data->fd;
 }
 
 static void fd_close(int fd, void *d)
@@ -68,13 +74,14 @@ static void fd_close(int fd, void *d)
         struct fd_chan *data = d;
         int err;
 
-        if(data->raw && isatty(fd)){
-                CATCH_EINTR(err = tcsetattr(fd, TCSAFLUSH, &data->tt));
-                if(err)
-                        printk("Failed to restore terminal state - "
-                               "errno = %d\n", -err);
-                data->raw = 0;
-        }
+        if (!data->raw || !isatty(fd))
+                return;
+
+        CATCH_EINTR(err = tcsetattr(fd, TCSAFLUSH, &data->tt));
+        if (err)
+                printk(UM_KERN_ERR "Failed to restore terminal state - "
+                       "errno = %d\n", -err);
+        data->raw = 0;
 }
 
 const struct chan_ops fd_ops = {
@@ -89,14 +96,3 @@ const struct chan_ops fd_ops = {
         .free           = generic_free,
         .winch          = 1,
 };
-
-/*
- * Overrides for Emacs so that we follow Linus's tabbing style.
- * Emacs will notice this stuff at the end of the file and automatically
- * adjust the settings for this buffer only.  This must remain at the end
- * of the file.
- * ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
- * Local variables:
- * c-file-style: "linux"
- * End:
- */
diff --git a/arch/um/drivers/null.c b/arch/um/drivers/null.c
index 9016c68beee..b808641ee67 100644
--- a/arch/um/drivers/null.c
+++ b/arch/um/drivers/null.c
@@ -1,31 +1,36 @@
 /* 
- * Copyright (C) 2002 Jeff Dike (jdike@karaya.com)
+ * Copyright (C) 2002 - 2007 Jeff Dike (jdike@{linux.intel,addtoit}.com)
  * Licensed under the GPL
  */
 
-#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
 #include <errno.h>
-#include "chan_user.h"
+#include <fcntl.h>
 #include "os.h"
+#include "chan_user.h"
 
 /* This address is used only as a unique identifer */
 static int null_chan;
 
 static void *null_init(char *str, int device, const struct chan_opts *opts)
 {
-        return(&null_chan);
+        return &null_chan;
 }
 
 static int null_open(int input, int output, int primary, void *d,
                      char **dev_out)
 {
+        int fd;
+
         *dev_out = NULL;
-        return(os_open_file(DEV_NULL, of_rdwr(OPENFLAGS()), 0));
+
+        fd = open(DEV_NULL, O_RDWR);
+        return (fd < 0) ? -errno : fd;
 }
 
 static int null_read(int fd, char *c_out, void *unused)
 {
-        return(-ENODEV);
+        return -ENODEV;
 }
 
 static void null_free(void *data)
@@ -44,14 +49,3 @@ const struct chan_ops null_ops = {
         .free           = null_free,
         .winch          = 0,
 };
-
-/*
- * Overrides for Emacs so that we follow Linus's tabbing style.
- * Emacs will notice this stuff at the end of the file and automatically
- * adjust the settings for this buffer only.  This must remain at the end
- * of the file.
- * ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
- * Local variables:
- * c-file-style: "linux"
- * End:
- */
diff --git a/arch/um/drivers/port_kern.c b/arch/um/drivers/port_kern.c
index d8acf7470e7..330543b3129 100644
--- a/arch/um/drivers/port_kern.c
+++ b/arch/um/drivers/port_kern.c
@@ -1,24 +1,16 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (C) 2001, 2002 Jeff Dike (jdike@karaya.com)
+ * Copyright (C) 2001 - 2007 Jeff Dike (jdike@{linux.intel,addtoit}.com)
  * Licensed under the GPL
  */
 
-#include "linux/list.h"
-#include "linux/sched.h"
-#include "linux/slab.h"
+#include "linux/completion.h"
 #include "linux/interrupt.h"
-#include "linux/spinlock.h"
-#include "linux/errno.h"
+#include "linux/list.h"
 #include "asm/atomic.h"
-#include "asm/semaphore.h"
-#include "asm/errno.h"
-#include "kern_util.h"
-#include "kern.h"
-#include "irq_user.h"
-#include "irq_kern.h"
-#include "port.h"
 #include "init.h"
+#include "irq_kern.h"
 #include "os.h"
+#include "port.h"
 
 struct port_list {
         struct list_head list;
@@ -53,8 +45,8 @@ static irqreturn_t pipe_interrupt(int irq, void *data)
         int fd;
 
         fd = os_rcv_fd(conn->socket[0], &conn->helper_pid);
-        if(fd < 0){
-                if(fd == -EAGAIN)
+        if (fd < 0) {
+                if (fd == -EAGAIN)
                         return IRQ_NONE;
 
                 printk(KERN_ERR "pipe_interrupt : os_rcv_fd returned %d\n",
@@ -81,18 +73,18 @@ static irqreturn_t pipe_interrupt(int irq, void *data)
 static int port_accept(struct port_list *port)
 {
         struct connection *conn;
-        int fd, socket[2], pid, ret = 0;
+        int fd, socket[2], pid;
 
         fd = port_connection(port->fd, socket, &pid);
-        if(fd < 0){
-                if(fd != -EAGAIN)
+        if (fd < 0) {
+                if (fd != -EAGAIN)
                         printk(KERN_ERR "port_accept : port_connection "
                                "returned %d\n", -fd);
                 goto out;
         }
 
         conn = kmalloc(sizeof(*conn), GFP_ATOMIC);
-        if(conn == NULL){
+        if (conn == NULL) {
                 printk(KERN_ERR "port_accept : failed to allocate "
                        "connection\n");
                 goto out_close;
@@ -104,17 +96,17 @@ static int port_accept(struct port_list *port)
                   .telnetd_pid  = pid,
                   .port         = port });
 
-        if(um_request_irq(TELNETD_IRQ, socket[0], IRQ_READ, pipe_interrupt,
+        if (um_request_irq(TELNETD_IRQ, socket[0], IRQ_READ, pipe_interrupt,
                           IRQF_DISABLED | IRQF_SHARED | IRQF_SAMPLE_RANDOM,
-                          "telnetd", conn)){
+                          "telnetd", conn)) {
                 printk(KERN_ERR "port_accept : failed to get IRQ for "
                        "telnetd\n");
                 goto out_free;
         }
 
-        if(atomic_read(&port->wait_count) == 0){
+        if (atomic_read(&port->wait_count) == 0) {
                 os_write_file(fd, NO_WAITER_MSG, sizeof(NO_WAITER_MSG));
-                printk("No one waiting for port\n");
+                printk(KERN_ERR "No one waiting for port\n");
         }
         list_add(&conn->list, &port->pending);
         return 1;
@@ -123,28 +115,29 @@ static int port_accept(struct port_list *port)
         kfree(conn);
  out_close:
         os_close_file(fd);
-        if(pid != -1)
-                os_kill_process(pid, 1);
+        os_kill_process(pid, 1);
  out:
-        return ret;
+        return 0;
 }
 
 static DECLARE_MUTEX(ports_sem);
 static LIST_HEAD(ports);
 
-void port_work_proc(struct work_struct *unused)
+static void port_work_proc(struct work_struct *unused)
 {
         struct port_list *port;
         struct list_head *ele;
         unsigned long flags;
 
         local_irq_save(flags);
-        list_for_each(ele, &ports){
+        list_for_each(ele, &ports) {
                 port = list_entry(ele, struct port_list, list);
-                if(!port->has_connection)
+                if (!port->has_connection)
                         continue;
+
                 reactivate_fd(port->fd, ACCEPT_IRQ);
-                while(port_accept(port)) ;
+                while (port_accept(port))
+                        ;
                 port->has_connection = 0;
         }
         local_irq_restore(flags);
@@ -169,25 +162,27 @@ void *port_data(int port_num)
         int fd;
 
         down(&ports_sem);
-        list_for_each(ele, &ports){
+        list_for_each(ele, &ports) {
                 port = list_entry(ele, struct port_list, list);
-                if(port->port == port_num) goto found;
+                if (port->port == port_num)
+                        goto found;
         }
         port = kmalloc(sizeof(struct port_list), GFP_KERNEL);
-        if(port == NULL){
+        if (port == NULL) {
                 printk(KERN_ERR "Allocation of port list failed\n");
                 goto out;
         }
 
         fd = port_listen_fd(port_num);
-        if(fd < 0){
+        if (fd < 0) {
                 printk(KERN_ERR "binding to port %d failed, errno = %d\n",
                        port_num, -fd);
                 goto out_free;
         }
-        if(um_request_irq(ACCEPT_IRQ, fd, IRQ_READ, port_interrupt,
+
+        if (um_request_irq(ACCEPT_IRQ, fd, IRQ_READ, port_interrupt,
                           IRQF_DISABLED | IRQF_SHARED | IRQF_SAMPLE_RANDOM,
-                          "port", port)){
+                          "port", port)) {
                 printk(KERN_ERR "Failed to get IRQ for port %d\n", port_num);
                 goto out_close;
         }
@@ -206,7 +201,7 @@ void *port_data(int port_num)
 
  found:
         dev = kmalloc(sizeof(struct port_dev), GFP_KERNEL);
-        if(dev == NULL){
+        if (dev == NULL) {
                 printk(KERN_ERR "Allocation of port device entry failed\n");
                 goto out;
         }
@@ -233,9 +228,9 @@ int port_wait(void *data)
         int fd;
 
         atomic_inc(&port->wait_count);
-        while(1){
+        while (1) {
                 fd = -ERESTARTSYS;
-                if(wait_for_completion_interruptible(&port->done))
+                if (wait_for_completion_interruptible(&port->done))
                         goto out;
 
                 spin_lock(&port->lock);
@@ -258,7 +253,8 @@ int port_wait(void *data)
                  */
                 free_irq(TELNETD_IRQ, conn);
 
-                if(conn->fd >= 0) break;
+                if (conn->fd >= 0)
+                        break;
                 os_close_file(conn->fd);
                 kfree(conn);
         }
@@ -276,9 +272,9 @@ void port_remove_dev(void *d)
 {
         struct port_dev *dev = d;
 
-        if(dev->helper_pid != -1)
+        if (dev->helper_pid != -1)
                 os_kill_process(dev->helper_pid, 0);
-        if(dev->telnetd_pid != -1)
+        if (dev->telnetd_pid != -1)
                 os_kill_process(dev->telnetd_pid, 1);
         dev->helper_pid = -1;
         dev->telnetd_pid = -1;
@@ -297,7 +293,7 @@ static void free_port(void)
         struct list_head *ele;
         struct port_list *port;
 
-        list_for_each(ele, &ports){
+        list_for_each(ele, &ports) {
                 port = list_entry(ele, struct port_list, list);
                 free_irq_by_fd(port->fd);
                 os_close_file(port->fd);
diff --git a/arch/um/drivers/port_user.c b/arch/um/drivers/port_user.c
index c799b00012c..addd7590265 100644
--- a/arch/um/drivers/port_user.c
+++ b/arch/um/drivers/port_user.c
@@ -1,24 +1,20 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (C) 2001 Jeff Dike (jdike@karaya.com)
+ * Copyright (C) 2001 - 2007 Jeff Dike (jdike@{linux.intel,addtoit}.com)
  * Licensed under the GPL
  */
 
 #include <stdio.h>
-#include <stddef.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
-#include <string.h>
 #include <errno.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
 #include <termios.h>
-#include <sys/socket.h>
-#include <sys/un.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
 #include <netinet/in.h>
-#include "kern_util.h"
-#include "user.h"
 #include "chan_user.h"
-#include "port.h"
+#include "kern_constants.h"
 #include "os.h"
+#include "port.h"
 #include "um_malloc.h"
+#include "user.h"
 
 struct port_chan {
         int raw;
@@ -34,24 +30,25 @@ static void *port_init(char *str, int device, const struct chan_opts *opts)
         char *end;
         int port;
 
-        if(*str != ':'){
-                printk("port_init : channel type 'port' must specify a "
-                       "port number\n");
+        if (*str != ':') {
+                printk(UM_KERN_ERR "port_init : channel type 'port' must "
+                       "specify a port number\n");
                 return NULL;
         }
         str++;
         port = strtoul(str, &end, 0);
-        if((*end != '\0') || (end == str)){
-                printk("port_init : couldn't parse port '%s'\n", str);
+        if ((*end != '\0') || (end == str)) {
+                printk(UM_KERN_ERR "port_init : couldn't parse port '%s'\n",
+                       str);
                 return NULL;
         }
 
         kern_data = port_data(port);
-        if(kern_data == NULL)
+        if (kern_data == NULL)
                 return NULL;
 
         data = kmalloc(sizeof(*data), UM_GFP_KERNEL);
-        if(data == NULL)
+        if (data == NULL)
                 goto err;
 
         *data = ((struct port_chan) { .raw              = opts->raw,
@@ -79,13 +76,13 @@ static int port_open(int input, int output, int primary, void *d,
         int fd, err;
 
         fd = port_wait(data->kernel_data);
-        if((fd >= 0) && data->raw){
+        if ((fd >= 0) && data->raw) {
                 CATCH_EINTR(err = tcgetattr(fd, &data->tt));
-                if(err)
+                if (err)
                         return err;
 
                 err = raw(fd);
-                if(err)
+                if (err)
                         return err;
         }
         *dev_out = data->dev;
@@ -119,11 +116,11 @@ int port_listen_fd(int port)
         int fd, err, arg;
 
         fd = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
-        if(fd == -1)
+        if (fd == -1)
                 return -errno;
 
         arg = 1;
-        if(setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &arg, sizeof(arg)) < 0){
+        if (setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &arg, sizeof(arg)) < 0) {
                 err = -errno;
                 goto out;
         }
@@ -131,23 +128,23 @@ int port_listen_fd(int port)
         addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
         addr.sin_port = htons(port);
         addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
-        if(bind(fd, (struct sockaddr *) &addr, sizeof(addr)) < 0){
+        if (bind(fd, (struct sockaddr *) &addr, sizeof(addr)) < 0) {
                 err = -errno;
                 goto out;
         }
 
-        if(listen(fd, 1) < 0){
+        if (listen(fd, 1) < 0) {
                 err = -errno;
                 goto out;
         }
 
         err = os_set_fd_block(fd, 0);
-        if(err < 0)
+        if (err < 0)
                 goto out;
 
         return fd;
  out:
-        os_close_file(fd);
+        close(fd);
         return err;
 }
 
@@ -163,10 +160,10 @@ void port_pre_exec(void *arg)
         dup2(data->sock_fd, 0);
         dup2(data->sock_fd, 1);
         dup2(data->sock_fd, 2);
-        os_close_file(data->sock_fd);
+        close(data->sock_fd);
         dup2(data->pipe_fd, 3);
-        os_shutdown_socket(3, 1, 0);
-        os_close_file(data->pipe_fd);
+        shutdown(3, SHUT_RD);
+        close(data->pipe_fd);
 }
 
 int port_connection(int fd, int *socket, int *pid_out)
@@ -176,12 +173,12 @@ int port_connection(int fd, int *socket, int *pid_out)
                          "/usr/lib/uml/port-helper", NULL };
         struct port_pre_exec_data data;
 
-        new = os_accept_connection(fd);
-        if(new < 0)
-                return new;
+        new = accept(fd, NULL, 0);
+        if (new < 0)
+                return -errno;
 
         err = os_pipe(socket, 0, 0);
-        if(err < 0)
+        if (err < 0)
                 goto out_close;
 
         data = ((struct port_pre_exec_data)
@@ -189,18 +186,18 @@ int port_connection(int fd, int *socket, int *pid_out)
                   .pipe_fd              = socket[1] });
 
         err = run_helper(port_pre_exec, &data, argv);
-        if(err < 0)
+        if (err < 0)
                 goto out_shutdown;
 
         *pid_out = err;
         return new;
 
  out_shutdown:
-        os_shutdown_socket(socket[0], 1, 1);
-        os_close_file(socket[0]);
-        os_shutdown_socket(socket[1], 1, 1);
-        os_close_file(socket[1]);
+        shutdown(socket[0], SHUT_RDWR);
+        close(socket[0]);
+        shutdown(socket[1], SHUT_RDWR);
+        close(socket[1]);
  out_close:
-        os_close_file(new);
+        close(new);
         return err;
 }
diff --git a/arch/um/drivers/pty.c b/arch/um/drivers/pty.c
index 1e3fd619a83..4123fe1fca9 100644
--- a/arch/um/drivers/pty.c
+++ b/arch/um/drivers/pty.c
@@ -56,11 +56,11 @@ static int pts_open(int input, int output, int primary, void *d,
         if (data->raw) {
                 CATCH_EINTR(err = tcgetattr(fd, &data->tt));
                 if (err)
-                        return err;
+                        goto out_close;
 
                 err = raw(fd);
                 if (err)
-                        return err;
+                        goto out_close;
         }
 
         dev = ptsname(fd);
@@ -71,6 +71,10 @@ static int pts_open(int input, int output, int primary, void *d,
                 (*data->announce)(dev, data->dev);
 
         return fd;
+
+out_close:
+        close(fd);
+        return err;
 }
 
 static int getmaster(char *line)
@@ -119,10 +123,12 @@ static int pty_open(int input, int output, int primary, void *d,
         if (fd < 0)
                 return fd;
 
-        if(data->raw){
+        if (data->raw) {
                 err = raw(fd);
-                if (err)
+                if (err) {
+                        close(fd);
                         return err;
+                }
         }
         
         if (data->announce)
diff --git a/arch/um/drivers/tty.c b/arch/um/drivers/tty.c
index a9f87e19c5b..c930fedc517 100644
--- a/arch/um/drivers/tty.c
+++ b/arch/um/drivers/tty.c
@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (C) 2001 Jeff Dike (jdike@karaya.com)
+ * Copyright (C) 2001 - 2007 Jeff Dike (jdike@{linux.intel,addtoit}.com)
  * Licensed under the GPL
  */
 
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <termios.h>
 #include <errno.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <termios.h>
 #include "chan_user.h"
-#include "user.h"
+#include "kern_constants.h"
 #include "os.h"
 #include "um_malloc.h"
+#include "user.h"
 
 struct tty_chan {
         char *dev;
@@ -22,15 +22,15 @@ static void *tty_chan_init(char *str, int device, const struct chan_opts *opts)
 {
         struct tty_chan *data;
 
-        if(*str != ':'){
-                printk("tty_init : channel type 'tty' must specify "
+        if (*str != ':') {
+                printk(UM_KERN_ERR "tty_init : channel type 'tty' must specify "
                        "a device\n");
                 return NULL;
         }
         str++;
 
         data = kmalloc(sizeof(*data), UM_GFP_KERNEL);
-        if(data == NULL)
+        if (data == NULL)
                 return NULL;
         *data = ((struct tty_chan) { .dev       = str,
                                      .raw       = opts->raw });
@@ -42,19 +42,26 @@ static int tty_open(int input, int output, int primary, void *d,
                     char **dev_out)
 {
         struct tty_chan *data = d;
-        int fd, err;
+        int fd, err, mode = 0;
+
+        if (input && output)
+                mode = O_RDWR;
+        else if (input)
+                mode = O_RDONLY;
+        else if (output)
+                mode = O_WRONLY;
 
-        fd = os_open_file(data->dev, of_set_rw(OPENFLAGS(), input, output), 0);
-        if(fd < 0)
-                return fd;
+        fd = open(data->dev, mode);
+        if (fd < 0)
+                return -errno;
 
-        if(data->raw){
+        if (data->raw) {
                 CATCH_EINTR(err = tcgetattr(fd, &data->tt));
-                if(err)
+                if (err)
                         return err;
 
                 err = raw(fd);
-                if(err)
+                if (err)
                         return err;
         }
 
diff --git a/arch/um/drivers/xterm.c b/arch/um/drivers/xterm.c
index fd817e54154..87e18bf2c66 100644
--- a/arch/um/drivers/xterm.c
+++ b/arch/um/drivers/xterm.c
@@ -3,18 +3,19 @@
  * Licensed under the GPL
  */
 
+#include <stddef.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
-#include <string.h>
 #include <errno.h>
+#include <string.h>
 #include <termios.h>
 #include "chan_user.h"
+#include "kern_constants.h"
 #include "os.h"
-#include "init.h"
+#include "um_malloc.h"
 #include "user.h"
 #include "xterm.h"
-#include "kern_constants.h"
 
 struct xterm_chan {
         int pid;
@@ -29,7 +30,7 @@ static void *xterm_init(char *str, int device, const struct chan_opts *opts)
 {
         struct xterm_chan *data;
 
-        data = malloc(sizeof(*data));
+        data = kmalloc(sizeof(*data), UM_GFP_KERNEL);
         if (data == NULL)
                 return NULL;
         *data = ((struct xterm_chan) { .pid             = -1,
@@ -207,11 +208,6 @@ static void xterm_close(int fd, void *d)
         os_close_file(fd);
 }
 
-static void xterm_free(void *d)
-{
-        free(d);
-}
-
 const struct chan_ops xterm_ops = {
         .type           = "xterm",
         .init           = xterm_init,
@@ -221,6 +217,6 @@ const struct chan_ops xterm_ops = {
         .write          = generic_write,
         .console_write  = generic_console_write,
         .window_size    = generic_window_size,
-        .free           = xterm_free,
+        .free           = generic_free,
         .winch          = 1,
 };