x86 boot: document for 32 bit boot protocol

This patch documents the 32-bit boot protocol of x86. It has been used
by Kexec and LinuxBIOS. This patch is based on the proposal of Peter
Anvin.

Signed-off-by: Huang Ying <ying.huang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

2 files changed, 65 insertions, 95 deletions

diff --git a/Documentation/i386/boot.txt b/Documentation/i386/boot.txt
index 2f75e750e4f..fc49b79bc1a 100644
--- a/Documentation/i386/boot.txt
+++ b/Documentation/i386/boot.txt
@@ -785,3 +785,41 @@ IMPORTANT: All the hooks are required to preserve %esp, %ebp, %esi and
         After completing your hook, you should jump to the address
         that was in this field before your boot loader overwrote it
         (relocated, if appropriate.)
+
+
+**** 32-bit BOOT PROTOCOL
+
+For machine with some new BIOS other than legacy BIOS, such as EFI,
+LinuxBIOS, etc, and kexec, the 16-bit real mode setup code in kernel
+based on legacy BIOS can not be used, so a 32-bit boot protocol needs
+to be defined.
+
+In 32-bit boot protocol, the first step in loading a Linux kernel
+should be to setup the boot parameters (struct boot_params,
+traditionally known as "zero page"). The memory for struct boot_params
+should be allocated and initialized to all zero. Then the setup header
+from offset 0x01f1 of kernel image on should be loaded into struct
+boot_params and examined. The end of setup header can be calculated as
+follow:
+
+        0x0202 + byte value at offset 0x0201
+
+In addition to read/modify/write the setup header of the struct
+boot_params as that of 16-bit boot protocol, the boot loader should
+also fill the additional fields of the struct boot_params as that
+described in zero-page.txt.
+
+After setupping the struct boot_params, the boot loader can load the
+32/64-bit kernel in the same way as that of 16-bit boot protocol.
+
+In 32-bit boot protocol, the kernel is started by jumping to the
+32-bit kernel entry point, which is the start address of loaded
+32/64-bit kernel.
+
+At entry, the CPU must be in 32-bit protected mode with paging
+disabled; a GDT must be loaded with the descriptors for selectors
+__BOOT_CS(0x10) and __BOOT_DS(0x18); both descriptors must be 4G flat
+segment; __BOOS_CS must have execute/read permission, and __BOOT_DS
+must have read/write permission; CS must be __BOOT_CS and DS, ES, SS
+must be __BOOT_DS; interrupt must be disabled; %esi must hold the base
+address of the struct boot_params; %ebp, %edi and %ebx must be zero.
diff --git a/Documentation/i386/zero-page.txt b/Documentation/i386/zero-page.txt
index 6c0817c4568..169ad423a3d 100644
--- a/Documentation/i386/zero-page.txt
+++ b/Documentation/i386/zero-page.txt
@@ -1,99 +1,31 @@
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!WARNING!!!!!!!!
-The zero page is a kernel internal data structure, not a stable ABI.  It might change
-without warning and the kernel has no way to detect old version of it.
-If you're writing some external code like a boot loader you should only use
-the stable versioned real mode boot protocol described in boot.txt. Otherwise the kernel
-might break you at any time.
-!!!!!!!!!!!!!WARNING!!!!!!!!!!!
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The additional fields in struct boot_params as a part of 32-bit boot
+protocol of kernel. These should be filled by bootloader or 16-bit
+real-mode setup code of the kernel. References/settings to it mainly
+are in:
 
-Summary of boot_params layout (kernel point of view)
-     ( collected by Hans Lermen and Martin Mares )
- 
-The contents of boot_params are used to pass parameters from the
-16-bit realmode code of the kernel to the 32-bit part. References/settings
-to it mainly are in:
+  include/asm-x86/bootparam.h
 
-  arch/i386/boot/setup.S
-  arch/i386/boot/video.S
-  arch/i386/kernel/head.S
-  arch/i386/kernel/setup.c
- 
 
-Offset  Type            Description
-------  ----            -----------
-    0   32 bytes        struct screen_info, SCREEN_INFO
-                        ATTENTION, overlaps the following !!!
-    2   unsigned short  EXT_MEM_K, extended memory size in Kb (from int 0x15)
- 0x20   unsigned short  CL_MAGIC, commandline magic number (=0xA33F)
- 0x22   unsigned short  CL_OFFSET, commandline offset
-                        Address of commandline is calculated:
-                          0x90000 + contents of CL_OFFSET
-                        (only taken, when CL_MAGIC = 0xA33F)
- 0x40   20 bytes        struct apm_bios_info, APM_BIOS_INFO
- 0x60   16 bytes        Intel SpeedStep (IST) BIOS support information
- 0x80   16 bytes        hd0-disk-parameter from intvector 0x41
- 0x90   16 bytes        hd1-disk-parameter from intvector 0x46
+Offset  Proto   Name            Meaning
+/Size
 
- 0xa0   16 bytes        System description table truncated to 16 bytes.
-                        ( struct sys_desc_table_struct )
- 0xb0 - 0x13f           Free. Add more parameters here if you really need them.
- 0x140- 0x1be           EDID_INFO Video mode setup
-
-0x1c4   unsigned long   EFI system table pointer
-0x1c8   unsigned long   EFI memory descriptor size
-0x1cc   unsigned long   EFI memory descriptor version
-0x1d0   unsigned long   EFI memory descriptor map pointer
-0x1d4   unsigned long   EFI memory descriptor map size
-0x1e0   unsigned long   ALT_MEM_K, alternative mem check, in Kb
-0x1e4   unsigned long   Scratch field for the kernel setup code
-0x1e8   char            number of entries in E820MAP (below)
-0x1e9   unsigned char   number of entries in EDDBUF (below)
-0x1ea   unsigned char   number of entries in EDD_MBR_SIG_BUFFER (below)
-0x1f1   char            size of setup.S, number of sectors
-0x1f2   unsigned short  MOUNT_ROOT_RDONLY (if !=0)
-0x1f4   unsigned short  size of compressed kernel-part in the
-                        (b)zImage-file (in 16 byte units, rounded up)
-0x1f6   unsigned short  swap_dev (unused AFAIK)
-0x1f8   unsigned short  RAMDISK_FLAGS
-0x1fa   unsigned short  VGA-Mode (old one)
-0x1fc   unsigned short  ORIG_ROOT_DEV (high=Major, low=minor)
-0x1ff   char            AUX_DEVICE_INFO
-
-0x200   short jump to start of setup code aka "reserved" field.
-0x202   4 bytes         Signature for SETUP-header, ="HdrS"
-0x206   unsigned short  Version number of header format
-                        Current version is 0x0201...
-0x208   8 bytes         (used by setup.S for communication with boot loaders,
-                         look there)
-0x210   char            LOADER_TYPE, = 0, old one
-                        else it is set by the loader:
-                        0xTV: T=0 for LILO
-                                1 for Loadlin
-                                2 for bootsect-loader
-                                3 for SYSLINUX
-                                4 for ETHERBOOT
-                                5 for ELILO
-                                7 for GRuB
-                                8 for U-BOOT
-                                9 for Xen
-                                V = version
-0x211   char            loadflags:
-                        bit0 = 1: kernel is loaded high (bzImage)
-                        bit7 = 1: Heap and pointer (see below) set by boot
-                                  loader.
-0x212   unsigned short  (setup.S)
-0x214   unsigned long   KERNEL_START, where the loader started the kernel
-0x218   unsigned long   INITRD_START, address of loaded ramdisk image
-0x21c   unsigned long   INITRD_SIZE, size in bytes of ramdisk image
-0x220   4 bytes         (setup.S)
-0x224   unsigned short  setup.S heap end pointer
-0x226   unsigned short  zero_pad
-0x228   unsigned long   cmd_line_ptr
-0x22c   unsigned long   ramdisk_max
-0x230   16 bytes        trampoline
-0x290 - 0x2cf           EDD_MBR_SIG_BUFFER (edd.S)
-0x2d0 - 0xd00           E820MAP
-0xd00 - 0xeff           EDDBUF (edd.S) for disk signature read sector
-0xd00 - 0xeeb           EDDBUF (edd.S) for edd data
+000/040 ALL     screen_info     Text mode or frame buffer information
+                                (struct screen_info)
+040/014 ALL     apm_bios_info   APM BIOS information (struct apm_bios_info)
+060/010 ALL     ist_info        Intel SpeedStep (IST) BIOS support information
+                                (struct ist_info)
+080/010 ALL     hd0_info        hd0 disk parameter, OBSOLETE!!
+090/010 ALL     hd1_info        hd1 disk parameter, OBSOLETE!!
+0A0/010 ALL     sys_desc_table  System description table (struct sys_desc_table)
+140/080 ALL     edid_info       Video mode setup (struct edid_info)
+1C0/020 ALL     efi_info        EFI 32 information (struct efi_info)
+1E0/004 ALL     alk_mem_k       Alternative mem check, in KB
+1E4/004 ALL     scratch         Scratch field for the kernel setup code
+1E8/001 ALL     e820_entries    Number of entries in e820_map (below)
+1E9/001 ALL     eddbuf_entries  Number of entries in eddbuf (below)
+1EA/001 ALL     edd_mbr_sig_buf_entries Number of entries in edd_mbr_sig_buffer
+                                (below)
+290/040 ALL     edd_mbr_sig_buffer EDD MBR signatures
+2D0/A00 ALL     e820_map        E820 memory map table
+                                (array of struct e820entry)
+D00/1EC ALL     eddbuf          EDD data (array of struct edd_info)