From 9904f22a7202c6b54e96b0cc9870817013c350a1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: David Brownell Date: Sun, 8 Jan 2006 13:34:26 -0800 Subject: [PATCH] spi: add spi_bitbang driver This adds a bitbanging spi master, hooking up to board/adapter-specific glue code which knows how to set and read the signals (gpios etc). This code kicks in after the glue code creates a platform_device with the right platform_data. That data includes I/O loops, which will usually come from expanding an inline function (provided in the header). One goal is that the I/O loops should be easily optimized down to a few GPIO register accesses, in common cases, for speed and minimized overhead. This understands all the currently defined protocol tweaking options in the SPI framework, and might eventually serve as as reference implementation. - different word sizes (1..32 bits) - differing clock rates - SPI modes differing by CPOL (affecting chip select and I/O loops) - SPI modes differing by CPHA (affecting I/O loops) - delays (usecs) after transfers - temporarily deselecting chips in mid-transfer A lot of hardware could work with this framework, though common types of controller can't reach peak performance without switching to a driver structure that supports pipelining of transfers (e.g. DMA queues) and maybe controllers (e.g. IRQ driven). Signed-off-by: David Brownell Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman --- include/linux/spi/spi_bitbang.h | 128 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 128 insertions(+) create mode 100644 include/linux/spi/spi_bitbang.h (limited to 'include/linux/spi') diff --git a/include/linux/spi/spi_bitbang.h b/include/linux/spi/spi_bitbang.h new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..8dfe61a445f4 --- /dev/null +++ b/include/linux/spi/spi_bitbang.h @@ -0,0 +1,128 @@ +#ifndef __SPI_BITBANG_H +#define __SPI_BITBANG_H + +/* + * Mix this utility code with some glue code to get one of several types of + * simple SPI master driver. Two do polled word-at-a-time I/O: + * + * - GPIO/parport bitbangers. Provide chipselect() and txrx_word[](), + * expanding the per-word routines from the inline templates below. + * + * - Drivers for controllers resembling bare shift registers. Provide + * chipselect() and txrx_word[](), with custom setup()/cleanup() methods + * that use your controller's clock and chipselect registers. + * + * Some hardware works well with requests at spi_transfer scope: + * + * - Drivers leveraging smarter hardware, with fifos or DMA; or for half + * duplex (MicroWire) controllers. Provide chipslect() and txrx_bufs(), + * and custom setup()/cleanup() methods. + */ +struct spi_bitbang { + struct workqueue_struct *workqueue; + struct work_struct work; + + spinlock_t lock; + struct list_head queue; + u8 busy; + u8 shutdown; + u8 use_dma; + + struct spi_master *master; + + void (*chipselect)(struct spi_device *spi, int is_on); + + int (*txrx_bufs)(struct spi_device *spi, struct spi_transfer *t); + u32 (*txrx_word[4])(struct spi_device *spi, + unsigned nsecs, + u32 word, u8 bits); +}; + +/* you can call these default bitbang->master methods from your custom + * methods, if you like. + */ +extern int spi_bitbang_setup(struct spi_device *spi); +extern void spi_bitbang_cleanup(const struct spi_device *spi); +extern int spi_bitbang_transfer(struct spi_device *spi, struct spi_message *m); + +/* start or stop queue processing */ +extern int spi_bitbang_start(struct spi_bitbang *spi); +extern int spi_bitbang_stop(struct spi_bitbang *spi); + +#endif /* __SPI_BITBANG_H */ + +/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ + +#ifdef EXPAND_BITBANG_TXRX + +/* + * The code that knows what GPIO pins do what should have declared four + * functions, ideally as inlines, before #defining EXPAND_BITBANG_TXRX + * and including this header: + * + * void setsck(struct spi_device *, int is_on); + * void setmosi(struct spi_device *, int is_on); + * int getmiso(struct spi_device *); + * void spidelay(unsigned); + * + * A non-inlined routine would call bitbang_txrx_*() routines. The + * main loop could easily compile down to a handful of instructions, + * especially if the delay is a NOP (to run at peak speed). + * + * Since this is software, the timings may not be exactly what your board's + * chips need ... there may be several reasons you'd need to tweak timings + * in these routines, not just make to make it faster or slower to match a + * particular CPU clock rate. + */ + +static inline u32 +bitbang_txrx_be_cpha0(struct spi_device *spi, + unsigned nsecs, unsigned cpol, + u32 word, u8 bits) +{ + /* if (cpol == 0) this is SPI_MODE_0; else this is SPI_MODE_2 */ + + /* clock starts at inactive polarity */ + for (word <<= (32 - bits); likely(bits); bits--) { + + /* setup MSB (to slave) on trailing edge */ + setmosi(spi, word & (1 << 31)); + spidelay(nsecs); /* T(setup) */ + + setsck(spi, !cpol); + spidelay(nsecs); + + /* sample MSB (from slave) on leading edge */ + word <<= 1; + word |= getmiso(spi); + setsck(spi, cpol); + } + return word; +} + +static inline u32 +bitbang_txrx_be_cpha1(struct spi_device *spi, + unsigned nsecs, unsigned cpol, + u32 word, u8 bits) +{ + /* if (cpol == 0) this is SPI_MODE_1; else this is SPI_MODE_3 */ + + /* clock starts at inactive polarity */ + for (word <<= (32 - bits); likely(bits); bits--) { + + /* setup MSB (to slave) on leading edge */ + setsck(spi, !cpol); + setmosi(spi, word & (1 << 31)); + spidelay(nsecs); /* T(setup) */ + + setsck(spi, cpol); + spidelay(nsecs); + + /* sample MSB (from slave) on trailing edge */ + word <<= 1; + word |= getmiso(spi); + } + return word; +} + +#endif /* EXPAND_BITBANG_TXRX */ -- cgit v1.2.2