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* devcg: remove parent_cgroup.Rami Rosen2013-04-18
| | | | | | | | | | | In devcgroup_css_alloc(), there is no longer need for parent_cgroup. bd2953ebbb("devcg: propagate local changes down the hierarchy") made the variable parent_cgroup redundant. This patch removes parent_cgroup from devcgroup_css_alloc(). Signed-off-by: Rami Rosen <ramirose@gmail.com> Acked-by: Aristeu Rozanski <aris@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
* devcg: remove broken_hierarchy tagTejun Heo2013-04-08
| | | | | | | | bd2953ebbb ("devcg: propagate local changes down the hierarchy") implemented proper hierarchy support. Remove the broken tag. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Acked-by: Aristeu Rozanski <aris@redhat.com>
* devcg: propagate local changes down the hierarchyAristeu Rozanski2013-03-20
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This patch makes exception changes to propagate down in hierarchy respecting when possible local exceptions. New exceptions allowing additional access to devices won't be propagated, but it'll be possible to add an exception to access all of part of the newly allowed device(s). New exceptions disallowing access to devices will be propagated down and the local group's exceptions will be revalidated for the new situation. Example: A / \ B group behavior exceptions A allow "b 8:* rwm", "c 116:1 rw" B deny "c 1:3 rwm", "c 116:2 rwm", "b 3:* rwm" If a new exception is added to group A: # echo "c 116:* r" > A/devices.deny it'll propagate down and after revalidating B's local exceptions, the exception "c 116:2 rwm" will be removed. In case parent's exceptions change and local exceptions are not allowed anymore, they'll be deleted. v7: - do not allow behavior change when the cgroup has children - update documentation v6: fixed issues pointed by Serge Hallyn - only copy parent's exceptions while propagating behavior if the local behavior is different - while propagating exceptions, do not clear and copy parent's: it'd be against the premise we don't propagate access to more devices v5: fixed issues pointed by Serge Hallyn - updated documentation - not propagating when an exception is written to devices.allow - when propagating a new behavior, clean the local exceptions list if they're for a different behavior v4: fixed issues pointed by Tejun Heo - separated function to walk the tree and collect valid propagation targets v3: fixed issues pointed by Tejun Heo - update documentation - move css_online/css_offline changes to a new patch - use cgroup_for_each_descendant_pre() instead of own descendant walk - move exception_copy rework to a separared patch - move exception_clean rework to a separated patch v2: fixed issues pointed by Tejun Heo - instead of keeping the local settings that won't apply anymore, remove them Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com> Signed-off-by: Aristeu Rozanski <aris@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
* devcg: use css_online and css_offlineAristeu Rozanski2013-03-20
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Allocate resources and change behavior only when online. This is needed in order to determine if a node is suitable for hierarchy propagation or if it's being removed. Locking: Both functions take devcgroup_mutex to make changes to device_cgroup structure. Hierarchy propagation will also take devcgroup_mutex before walking the tree while walking the tree itself is protected by rcu lock. Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com> Signed-off-by: Aristeu Rozanski <aris@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
* devcg: prepare may_access() for hierarchy supportAristeu Rozanski2013-03-20
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Currently may_access() is only able to verify if an exception is valid for the current cgroup, which has the same behavior. With hierarchy, it'll be also used to verify if a cgroup local exception is valid towards its cgroup parent, which might have different behavior. v2: - updated patch description - rebased on top of a new patch to expand the may_access() logic to make it more clear - fixed argument description order in may_access() Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com> Signed-off-by: Aristeu Rozanski <aris@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
* devcg: expand may_access() logicAristeu Rozanski2013-03-20
| | | | | | | | | | | | | In order to make the next patch more clear, expand may_access() logic. v2: may_access() returns bool now Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com> Signed-off-by: Aristeu Rozanski <aris@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
* device_cgroup: don't grab mutex in rcu callbackJerry Snitselaar2013-02-21
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Commit 103a197c0c4e ("security/device_cgroup: lock assert fails in dev_exception_clean()") grabs devcgroup_mutex to fix assert failure, but a mutex can't be grabbed in rcu callback. Since there shouldn't be any other references when css_free is called, mutex isn't needed for list cleanup in devcgroup_css_free(). Signed-off-by: Jerry Snitselaar <jerry.snitselaar@oracle.com> Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Acked-by: Aristeu Rozanski <aris@redhat.com> Cc: James Morris <james.l.morris@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* security/device_cgroup: lock assert fails in dev_exception_clean()Jerry Snitselaar2013-01-21
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | devcgroup_css_free() calls dev_exception_clean() without the devcgroup_mutex being locked. Shutting down a kvm virt was giving me the following trace: [36280.732764] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [36280.732778] WARNING: at /home/snits/dev/linux/security/device_cgroup.c:172 dev_exception_clean+0xa9/0xc0() [36280.732782] Hardware name: Studio XPS 8100 [36280.732785] Modules linked in: xt_REDIRECT fuse ebtable_nat ebtables ipt_MASQUERADE iptable_nat nf_nat_ipv4 nf_nat xt_CHECKSUM iptable_mangle bridge stp llc nf_conntrack_ipv4 ip6t_REJECT nf_conntrack_ipv6 nf_defrag_ipv6 nf_defrag_ipv4 ip6table_filter it87 hwmon_vid xt_state nf_conntrack ip6_tables snd_hda_codec_hdmi snd_hda_codec_realtek snd_hda_intel snd_hda_codec snd_hwdep snd_seq coretemp snd_seq_device crc32c_intel snd_pcm snd_page_alloc snd_timer snd broadcom tg3 serio_raw i7core_edac edac_core ptp pps_core lpc_ich pcspkr mfd_core soundcore microcode i2c_i801 nfsd auth_rpcgss nfs_acl lockd vhost_net sunrpc tun macvtap macvlan kvm_intel kvm uinput binfmt_misc autofs4 usb_storage firewire_ohci firewire_core crc_itu_t radeon drm_kms_helper ttm [36280.732921] Pid: 933, comm: libvirtd Tainted: G W 3.8.0-rc3-00307-g4c217de #1 [36280.732922] Call Trace: [36280.732927] [<ffffffff81044303>] warn_slowpath_common+0x93/0xc0 [36280.732930] [<ffffffff8104434a>] warn_slowpath_null+0x1a/0x20 [36280.732932] [<ffffffff812deaf9>] dev_exception_clean+0xa9/0xc0 [36280.732934] [<ffffffff812deb2a>] devcgroup_css_free+0x1a/0x30 [36280.732938] [<ffffffff810ccd76>] cgroup_diput+0x76/0x210 [36280.732941] [<ffffffff8119eac0>] d_delete+0x120/0x180 [36280.732943] [<ffffffff81195cff>] vfs_rmdir+0xef/0x130 [36280.732945] [<ffffffff81195e47>] do_rmdir+0x107/0x1c0 [36280.732949] [<ffffffff8132d17e>] ? trace_hardirqs_on_thunk+0x3a/0x3f [36280.732951] [<ffffffff81198646>] sys_rmdir+0x16/0x20 [36280.732954] [<ffffffff8173bd82>] system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b [36280.732956] ---[ end trace ca39dced899a7d9f ]--- Signed-off-by: Jerry Snitselaar <jerry.snitselaar@oracle.com> Cc: stable@kernel.org Signed-off-by: James Morris <james.l.morris@oracle.com>
* cgroup: rename ->create/post_create/pre_destroy/destroy() to ↵Tejun Heo2012-11-19
| | | | | | | | | | ->css_alloc/online/offline/free() Rename cgroup_subsys css lifetime related callbacks to better describe what their roles are. Also, update documentation. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
* device_cgroup: add lockdep assertsTejun Heo2012-11-06
| | | | | | | | | | | | device_cgroup uses RCU safe ->exceptions list which is write-protected by devcgroup_mutex and has had some issues using locking correctly. Add lockdep asserts to utility functions so that future errors can be easily detected. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Acked-by: Serge E. Hallyn <serge.hallyn@ubuntu.com> Cc: Aristeu Rozanski <aris@redhat.com> Cc: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
* device_cgroup: fix RCU usageTejun Heo2012-11-06
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | dev_cgroup->exceptions is protected with devcgroup_mutex for writes and RCU for reads; however, RCU usage isn't correct. * dev_exception_clean() doesn't use RCU variant of list_del() and kfree(). The function can race with may_access() and may_access() may end up dereferencing already freed memory. Use list_del_rcu() and kfree_rcu() instead. * may_access() may be called only with RCU read locked but doesn't use RCU safe traversal over ->exceptions. Use list_for_each_entry_rcu(). Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Acked-by: Serge E. Hallyn <serge.hallyn@ubuntu.com> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Cc: Aristeu Rozanski <aris@redhat.com> Cc: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
* device_cgroup: fix unchecked cgroup parent usageAristeu Rozanski2012-11-06
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | In 4cef7299b478687 ("device_cgroup: add proper checking when changing default behavior") the cgroup parent usage is unchecked. root will not have a parent and trying to use device.{allow,deny} will cause problems. For some reason my stressing scripts didn't test the root directory so I didn't catch it on my regular tests. Signed-off-by: Aristeu Rozanski <aris@redhat.com> Cc: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com> Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org> Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org> Acked-by: Serge E. Hallyn <serge.hallyn@ubuntu.com> Cc: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
* device_cgroup: add proper checking when changing default behaviorAristeu Rozanski2012-10-25
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Before changing a group's default behavior to ALLOW, we must check if its parent's behavior is also ALLOW. Signed-off-by: Aristeu Rozanski <aris@redhat.com> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com> Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org> Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org> Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com> Cc: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* device_cgroup: stop using simple_strtoul()Aristeu Rozanski2012-10-25
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Convert the code to use kstrtou32() instead of simple_strtoul() which is deprecated. The real size of the variables are u32, so use kstrtou32 instead of kstrtoul Signed-off-by: Aristeu Rozanski <aris@redhat.com> Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com> Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org> Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org> Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com> Cc: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* device_cgroup: rename deny_all to behaviorAristeu Rozanski2012-10-25
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This was done in a v2 patch but v1 ended up being committed. The variable name is less confusing and stores the default behavior when no matching exception exists. Signed-off-by: Aristeu Rozanski <aris@redhat.com> Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com> Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org> Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org> Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com> Cc: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* cgroup: fix invalid rcu dereferenceJiri Slaby2012-10-25
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Commit ad676077a2ae ("device_cgroup: convert device_cgroup internally to policy + exceptions") removed rcu locks which are needed in task_devcgroup called in this chain: devcgroup_inode_mknod OR __devcgroup_inode_permission -> __devcgroup_inode_permission -> task_devcgroup -> task_subsys_state -> task_subsys_state_check. Change the code so that task_devcgroup is safely called with rcu read lock held. =============================== [ INFO: suspicious RCU usage. ] 3.6.0-rc5-next-20120913+ #42 Not tainted ------------------------------- include/linux/cgroup.h:553 suspicious rcu_dereference_check() usage! other info that might help us debug this: rcu_scheduler_active = 1, debug_locks = 0 2 locks held by kdevtmpfs/23: #0: (sb_writers){.+.+.+}, at: [<ffffffff8116873f>] mnt_want_write+0x1f/0x50 #1: (&sb->s_type->i_mutex_key#3/1){+.+.+.}, at: [<ffffffff811558af>] kern_path_create+0x7f/0x170 stack backtrace: Pid: 23, comm: kdevtmpfs Not tainted 3.6.0-rc5-next-20120913+ #42 Call Trace: lockdep_rcu_suspicious+0xfd/0x130 devcgroup_inode_mknod+0x19d/0x240 vfs_mknod+0x71/0xf0 handle_create.isra.2+0x72/0x200 devtmpfsd+0x114/0x140 ? handle_create.isra.2+0x200/0x200 kthread+0xd6/0xe0 kernel_thread_helper+0x4/0x10 Signed-off-by: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz> Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com> Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org> Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org> Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* device_cgroup: rename whitelist to exception listAristeu Rozanski2012-10-05
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | This patch replaces the "whitelist" usage in the code and comments and replace them by exception list related information. Signed-off-by: Aristeu Rozanski <aris@redhat.com> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com> Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org> Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org> Acked-by: Serge E. Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* device_cgroup: convert device_cgroup internally to policy + exceptionsAristeu Rozanski2012-10-05
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The original model of device_cgroup is having a whitelist where all the allowed devices are listed. The problem with this approach is that is impossible to have the case of allowing everything but few devices. The reason for that lies in the way the whitelist is handled internally: since there's only a whitelist, the "all devices" entry would have to be removed and replaced by the entire list of possible devices but the ones that are being denied. Since dev_t is 32 bits long, representing the allowed devices as a bitfield is not memory efficient. This patch replaces the "whitelist" by a "exceptions" list and the default policy is kept as "deny_all" variable in dev_cgroup structure. The current interface determines that whenever "a" is written to devices.allow or devices.deny, the entry masking all devices will be added or removed, respectively. This behavior is kept and it's what will determine the default policy: # cat devices.list a *:* rwm # echo a >devices.deny # cat devices.list # echo a >devices.allow # cat devices.list a *:* rwm The interface is also preserved. For example, if one wants to block only access to /dev/null: # ls -l /dev/null crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 1, 3 Jul 24 16:17 /dev/null # echo a >devices.allow # echo "c 1:3 rwm" >devices.deny # cat /dev/null cat: /dev/null: Operation not permitted # echo >/dev/null bash: /dev/null: Operation not permitted mknod /tmp/null c 1 3 mknod: `/tmp/null': Operation not permitted # echo "c 1:3 r" >devices.allow # cat /dev/null # echo >/dev/null bash: /dev/null: Operation not permitted mknod /tmp/null c 1 3 mknod: `/tmp/null': Operation not permitted # echo "c 1:3 rw" >devices.allow # echo >/dev/null # cat /dev/null # mknod /tmp/null c 1 3 mknod: `/tmp/null': Operation not permitted # echo "c 1:3 rwm" >devices.allow # echo >/dev/null # cat /dev/null # mknod /tmp/null c 1 3 # Note that I didn't rename the functions/variables in this patch, but in the next one to make reviewing easier. Signed-off-by: Aristeu Rozanski <aris@redhat.com> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com> Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org> Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org> Acked-by: Serge E. Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* device_cgroup: introduce dev_whitelist_clean()Aristeu Rozanski2012-10-05
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | This function cleans all the items in a whitelist and will be used by the next patches. Signed-off-by: Aristeu Rozanski <aris@redhat.com> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com> Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org> Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org> Acked-by: Serge E. Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* device_cgroup: add "deny_all" in dev_cgroup structureAristeu Rozanski2012-10-05
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | deny_all will determine if the default policy is to deny all device access unless for the ones in the exception list. This variable will be used in the next patches to convert device_cgroup internally into a default policy + rules. Signed-off-by: Aristeu Rozanski <aris@redhat.com> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com> Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org> Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org> Acked-by: Serge E. Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* cgroup: mark subsystems with broken hierarchy support and whine if cgroups ↵Tejun Heo2012-09-14
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | are nested for them Currently, cgroup hierarchy support is a mess. cpu related subsystems behave correctly - configuration, accounting and control on a parent properly cover its children. blkio and freezer completely ignore hierarchy and treat all cgroups as if they're directly under the root cgroup. Others show yet different behaviors. These differing interpretations of cgroup hierarchy make using cgroup confusing and it impossible to co-mount controllers into the same hierarchy and obtain sane behavior. Eventually, we want full hierarchy support from all subsystems and probably a unified hierarchy. Users using separate hierarchies expecting completely different behaviors depending on the mounted subsystem is deterimental to making any progress on this front. This patch adds cgroup_subsys.broken_hierarchy and sets it to %true for controllers which are lacking in hierarchy support. The goal of this patch is two-fold. * Move users away from using hierarchy on currently non-hierarchical subsystems, so that implementing proper hierarchy support on those doesn't surprise them. * Keep track of which controllers are broken how and nudge the subsystems to implement proper hierarchy support. For now, start with a single warning message. We can whine louder later on. v2: Fixed a typo spotted by Michal. Warning message updated. v3: Updated memcg part so that it doesn't generate warning in the cases where .use_hierarchy=false doesn't make the behavior different from root.use_hierarchy=true. Fixed a typo spotted by Glauber. v4: Check ->broken_hierarchy after cgroup creation is complete so that ->create() can affect the result per Michal. Dropped unnecessary memcg root handling per Michal. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz> Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com> Acked-by: Serge E. Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@parallels.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Paul Turner <pjt@google.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Thomas Graf <tgraf@suug.ch> Cc: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@ghostprotocols.net> Cc: Neil Horman <nhorman@tuxdriver.com> Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* cgroup: convert all non-memcg controllers to the new cftype interfaceTejun Heo2012-04-01
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Convert debug, freezer, cpuset, cpu_cgroup, cpuacct, net_prio, blkio, net_cls and device controllers to use the new cftype based interface. Termination entry is added to cftype arrays and populate callbacks are replaced with cgroup_subsys->base_cftypes initializations. This is functionally identical transformation. There shouldn't be any visible behavior change. memcg is rather special and will be converted separately. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com> Cc: Paul Menage <paul@paulmenage.org> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
* cgroup: remove cgroup_subsys argument from callbacksLi Zefan2012-02-02
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The argument is not used at all, and it's not necessary, because a specific callback handler of course knows which subsys it belongs to. Now only ->pupulate() takes this argument, because the handlers of this callback always call cgroup_add_file()/cgroup_add_files(). So we reduce a few lines of code, though the shrinking of object size is minimal. 16 files changed, 113 insertions(+), 162 deletions(-) text data bss dec hex filename 5486240 656987 7039960 13183187 c928d3 vmlinux.o.orig 5486170 656987 7039960 13183117 c9288d vmlinux.o Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
* cgroup: introduce cgroup_taskset and use it in subsys->can_attach(), ↵Tejun Heo2011-12-12
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | cancel_attach() and attach() Currently, there's no way to pass multiple tasks to cgroup_subsys methods necessitating the need for separate per-process and per-task methods. This patch introduces cgroup_taskset which can be used to pass multiple tasks and their associated cgroups to cgroup_subsys methods. Three methods - can_attach(), cancel_attach() and attach() - are converted to use cgroup_taskset. This unifies passed parameters so that all methods have access to all information. Conversions in this patchset are identical and don't introduce any behavior change. -v2: documentation updated as per Paul Menage's suggestion. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Reviewed-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com> Acked-by: Paul Menage <paul@paulmenage.org> Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com> Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com> Cc: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
* security,rcu: Convert call_rcu(whitelist_item_free) to kfree_rcu()Lai Jiangshan2011-07-20
| | | | | | | | | | The rcu callback whitelist_item_free() just calls a kfree(), so we use kfree_rcu() instead of the call_rcu(whitelist_item_free). Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Acked-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org> Reviewed-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
* devcgroup_inode_permission: take "is it a device node" checks to inlined wrapperAl Viro2011-06-20
| | | | | | | | inode_permission() calls devcgroup_inode_permission() and almost all such calls are _not_ for device nodes; let's at least keep the common path straight... Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
* cgroups: add per-thread subsystem callbacksBen Blum2011-05-26
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Add cgroup subsystem callbacks for per-thread attachment in atomic contexts Add can_attach_task(), pre_attach(), and attach_task() as new callbacks for cgroups's subsystem interface. Unlike can_attach and attach, these are for per-thread operations, to be called potentially many times when attaching an entire threadgroup. Also, the old "bool threadgroup" interface is removed, as replaced by this. All subsystems are modified for the new interface - of note is cpuset, which requires from/to nodemasks for attach to be globally scoped (though per-cpuset would work too) to persist from its pre_attach to attach_task and attach. This is a pre-patch for cgroup-procs-writable.patch. Signed-off-by: Ben Blum <bblum@andrew.cmu.edu> Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com> Cc: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com> Cc: Matt Helsley <matthltc@us.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Paul Menage <menage@google.com> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Miao Xie <miaox@cn.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* Merge branch 'master' into nextJames Morris2010-05-05
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| * include cleanup: Update gfp.h and slab.h includes to prepare for breaking ↵Tejun Heo2010-03-30
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | implicit slab.h inclusion from percpu.h percpu.h is included by sched.h and module.h and thus ends up being included when building most .c files. percpu.h includes slab.h which in turn includes gfp.h making everything defined by the two files universally available and complicating inclusion dependencies. percpu.h -> slab.h dependency is about to be removed. Prepare for this change by updating users of gfp and slab facilities include those headers directly instead of assuming availability. As this conversion needs to touch large number of source files, the following script is used as the basis of conversion. http://userweb.kernel.org/~tj/misc/slabh-sweep.py The script does the followings. * Scan files for gfp and slab usages and update includes such that only the necessary includes are there. ie. if only gfp is used, gfp.h, if slab is used, slab.h. * When the script inserts a new include, it looks at the include blocks and try to put the new include such that its order conforms to its surrounding. It's put in the include block which contains core kernel includes, in the same order that the rest are ordered - alphabetical, Christmas tree, rev-Xmas-tree or at the end if there doesn't seem to be any matching order. * If the script can't find a place to put a new include (mostly because the file doesn't have fitting include block), it prints out an error message indicating which .h file needs to be added to the file. The conversion was done in the following steps. 1. The initial automatic conversion of all .c files updated slightly over 4000 files, deleting around 700 includes and adding ~480 gfp.h and ~3000 slab.h inclusions. The script emitted errors for ~400 files. 2. Each error was manually checked. Some didn't need the inclusion, some needed manual addition while adding it to implementation .h or embedding .c file was more appropriate for others. This step added inclusions to around 150 files. 3. The script was run again and the output was compared to the edits from #2 to make sure no file was left behind. 4. Several build tests were done and a couple of problems were fixed. e.g. lib/decompress_*.c used malloc/free() wrappers around slab APIs requiring slab.h to be added manually. 5. The script was run on all .h files but without automatically editing them as sprinkling gfp.h and slab.h inclusions around .h files could easily lead to inclusion dependency hell. Most gfp.h inclusion directives were ignored as stuff from gfp.h was usually wildly available and often used in preprocessor macros. Each slab.h inclusion directive was examined and added manually as necessary. 6. percpu.h was updated not to include slab.h. 7. Build test were done on the following configurations and failures were fixed. CONFIG_GCOV_KERNEL was turned off for all tests (as my distributed build env didn't work with gcov compiles) and a few more options had to be turned off depending on archs to make things build (like ipr on powerpc/64 which failed due to missing writeq). * x86 and x86_64 UP and SMP allmodconfig and a custom test config. * powerpc and powerpc64 SMP allmodconfig * sparc and sparc64 SMP allmodconfig * ia64 SMP allmodconfig * s390 SMP allmodconfig * alpha SMP allmodconfig * um on x86_64 SMP allmodconfig 8. percpu.h modifications were reverted so that it could be applied as a separate patch and serve as bisection point. Given the fact that I had only a couple of failures from tests on step 6, I'm fairly confident about the coverage of this conversion patch. If there is a breakage, it's likely to be something in one of the arch headers which should be easily discoverable easily on most builds of the specific arch. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Guess-its-ok-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com>
* | security: whitespace coding style fixesJustin P. Mattock2010-04-22
|/ | | | | | | Whitespace coding style fixes. Signed-off-by: Justin P. Mattock <justinmattock@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
* cgroups: let ss->can_attach and ss->attach do whole threadgroups at a timeBen Blum2009-09-24
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Alter the ss->can_attach and ss->attach functions to be able to deal with a whole threadgroup at a time, for use in cgroup_attach_proc. (This is a pre-patch to cgroup-procs-writable.patch.) Currently, new mode of the attach function can only tell the subsystem about the old cgroup of the threadgroup leader. No subsystem currently needs that information for each thread that's being moved, but if one were to be added (for example, one that counts tasks within a group) this bit would need to be reworked a bit to tell the subsystem the right information. [hidave.darkstar@gmail.com: fix build] Signed-off-by: Ben Blum <bblum@google.com> Signed-off-by: Paul Menage <menage@google.com> Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com> Reviewed-by: Matt Helsley <matthltc@us.ibm.com> Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Dave Young <hidave.darkstar@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* devcgroup: skip superfluous checks when found the DEV_ALL elemLi Zefan2009-06-18
| | | | | | | | | | While walking through the whitelist, if the DEV_ALL item is found, no more check is needed. Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com> Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* devcgroup: avoid using cgroup_lockLi Zefan2009-04-02
| | | | | | | | | | | | | There is nothing special that has to be protected by cgroup_lock, so introduce devcgroup_mtuex for it's own use. Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com> Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com> Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* devices cgroup: allow mkfifoSerge E. Hallyn2009-01-08
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The devcgroup_inode_permission() hook in the devices whitelist cgroup has always bypassed access checks on fifos. But the mknod hook did not. The devices whitelist is only about block and char devices, and fifos can't even be added to the whitelist, so fifos can't be created at all except by tasks which have 'a' in their whitelist (meaning they have access to all devices). Fix the behavior by bypassing access checks to mkfifo. Signed-off-by: Serge E. Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Cc: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com> Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org> Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com> Cc: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org> Reported-by: Daniel Lezcano <dlezcano@fr.ibm.com> Cc: <stable@kernel.org> [2.6.27.x] Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* devcgroup: use list_for_each_entry_rcu()Lai Jiangshan2009-01-08
| | | | | | | | | | | | We should use list_for_each_entry_rcu in RCU read site. Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com> Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org> Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* devcgroup: remove spin_lock()Lai Jiangshan2008-10-20
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Since we introduced rcu for read side, spin_lock is used only for update. But we always hold cgroup_lock() when update, so spin_lock() is not need. Additional cleanup: 1) include linux/rcupdate.h explicitly 2) remove unused variable cur_devcgroup in devcgroup_update_access() Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com> Acked-by: "Serge E. Hallyn" <serue@us.ibm.com> Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com> Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* devcgroup: remove unused variableLi Zefan2008-10-20
| | | | | | | | Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com> Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* devcgroup: use kmemdup()Li Zefan2008-10-20
| | | | | | | | | | This saves 40 bytes on my x86_32 box. Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com> Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* devcgroup: fix race against rmdir()Li Zefan2008-09-02
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | During the use of a dev_cgroup, we should guarantee the corresponding cgroup won't be deleted (i.e. via rmdir). This can be done through css_get(&dev_cgroup->css), but here we can just get and use the dev_cgroup under rcu_read_lock. And also remove checking NULL dev_cgroup, it won't be NULL since a task always belongs to a cgroup. Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com> Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* devcgroup: code cleanupLi Zefan2008-07-25
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - clean up set_majmin() - use simple_strtoul() to parse major/minor [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix simple_strtoul() usage] [kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com: fix warnings] Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com> Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Cc: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com> Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org> Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* devcgroup: relax white-list protection down to RCUPavel Emelyanov2008-07-25
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Currently this list is protected with a simple spinlock, even for reading from one. This is OK, but can be better. Actually I want it to be better very much, since after replacing the OpenVZ device permissions engine with the cgroup-based one I noticed, that we set 12 default device permissions for each newly created container (for /dev/null, full, terminals, ect devices), and people sometimes have up to 20 perms more, so traversing the ~30-40 elements list under a spinlock doesn't seem very good. Here's the RCU protection for white-list - dev_whitelist_item-s are added and removed under the devcg->lock, but are looked up in permissions checking under the rcu_read_lock. Signed-off-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org> Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com> Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com> Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* cgroup files: convert devcgroup_access_write() into a cgroup write_string() ↵Paul Menage2008-07-25
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | handler This patch converts devcgroup_access_write() from a raw file handler into a handler for the cgroup write_string() method. This allows some boilerplate copying/locking/checking to be removed and simplifies the cleanup path, since these functions are performed by the cgroups framework before calling the handler. Signed-off-by: Paul Menage <menage@google.com> Cc: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com> Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org> Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com> Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* devcgroup: fix permission check when adding entry to child cgroupLi Zefan2008-07-13
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | # cat devices.list c 1:3 r # echo 'c 1:3 w' > sub/devices.allow # cat sub/devices.list c 1:3 w As illustrated, the parent group has no write permission to /dev/null, so it's child should not be allowed to add this write permission. Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com> Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Cc: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com> Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* devcgroup: always show positive major/minor numLi Zefan2008-07-13
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | # echo "b $((0x7fffffff)):$((0x80000000)) rwm" > devices.allow # cat devices.list b 214748364:-21474836 rwm though a major/minor number of 0x800000000 is meaningless, we should not cast it to a negative value. Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com> Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Cc: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com> Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* devcgroup: fix odd behaviour when writing 'a' to devices.allowLi Zefan2008-07-04
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | # cat /devcg/devices.list a *:* rwm # echo a > devices.allow # cat /devcg/devices.list a *:* rwm a 0:0 rwm This is odd and maybe confusing. With this patch, writing 'a' to devices.allow will add 'a *:* rwm' to the whitelist. Also a few fixes and updates to the document. Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com> Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org> Cc: Serge E. Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com> Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com> Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org> Cc: Chris Wright <chrisw@sous-sol.org> Cc: Stephen Smalley <sds@tycho.nsa.gov> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* devscgroup: make white list more compact in some casesPavel Emelyanov2008-06-06
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Consider you added a 'c foo:bar r' permission to some cgroup and then (a bit later) 'c'foo:bar w' for it. After this you'll see the c foo:bar r c foo:bar w lines in a devices.list file. Another example - consider you added 10 'c foo:bar r' permissions to some cgroup (e.g. by mistake). After this you'll see 10 c foo:bar r lines in a list file. This is weird. This situation also has one more annoying consequence. Having many items in a white list makes permissions checking slower, sine it has to walk a longer list. The proposal is to merge permissions for items, that correspond to the same device. Signed-off-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org> Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* devscgroup: relax task to dev_cgroup conversionPavel Emelyanov2008-06-06
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Two functions, that need to get a device_cgroup from a task (they are devcgroup_inode_permission and devcgroup_inode_mknod) make it in a strange way: They get a css_set from task, then a subsys_state from css_set, then a cgroup from the state and then a subsys_state again from the cgroup. Besides, the devices_subsys_id is read from memory, whilst there's a enum-ed constant for it. Optimize this part a bit: 1. Get the subsys_stats form the task and be done - no 2 extra dereferences, 2. Use the device_subsys_id constant, not the value from memory (i.e. one less dereference). Found while preparing 2.6.26 OpenVZ port. Signed-off-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org> Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Acked-by: Paul Menage <menage@google.com> Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com> Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org> Cc: Chris Wright <chrisw@sous-sol.org> Cc: Stephen Smalley <sds@tycho.nsa.gov> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* devcgroup: make a helper to convert cgroup_subsys_state to devs_cgroupPavel Emelyanov2008-06-06
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This is just picking the container_of out of cgroup_to_devcgroup into a separate function. This new css_to_devcgroup will be used in the 2nd patch. Signed-off-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org> Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com> Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com> Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org> Cc: Chris Wright <chrisw@sous-sol.org> Cc: Stephen Smalley <sds@tycho.nsa.gov> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* cgroups: introduce cft->read_seq()Serge E. Hallyn2008-04-29
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Introduce a read_seq() helper in cftype, which uses seq_file to print out lists. Use it in the devices cgroup. Also split devices.allow into two files, so now devices.deny and devices.allow are the ones to use to manipulate the whitelist, while devices.list outputs the cgroup's current whitelist. Signed-off-by: Serge E. Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Acked-by: Paul Menage <menage@google.com> Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* cgroups: implement device whitelistSerge E. Hallyn2008-04-29
Implement a cgroup to track and enforce open and mknod restrictions on device files. A device cgroup associates a device access whitelist with each cgroup. A whitelist entry has 4 fields. 'type' is a (all), c (char), or b (block). 'all' means it applies to all types and all major and minor numbers. Major and minor are either an integer or * for all. Access is a composition of r (read), w (write), and m (mknod). The root device cgroup starts with rwm to 'all'. A child devcg gets a copy of the parent. Admins can then remove devices from the whitelist or add new entries. A child cgroup can never receive a device access which is denied its parent. However when a device access is removed from a parent it will not also be removed from the child(ren). An entry is added using devices.allow, and removed using devices.deny. For instance echo 'c 1:3 mr' > /cgroups/1/devices.allow allows cgroup 1 to read and mknod the device usually known as /dev/null. Doing echo a > /cgroups/1/devices.deny will remove the default 'a *:* mrw' entry. CAP_SYS_ADMIN is needed to change permissions or move another task to a new cgroup. A cgroup may not be granted more permissions than the cgroup's parent has. Any task can move itself between cgroups. This won't be sufficient, but we can decide the best way to adequately restrict movement later. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix may-be-used-uninitialized warning] Signed-off-by: Serge E. Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Acked-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org> Looks-good-to: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org> Cc: Daniel Hokka Zakrisson <daniel@hozac.com> Cc: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com> Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com> Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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