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* mm: move highest_memmap_pfnHugh Dickins2009-09-22
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Move highest_memmap_pfn __read_mostly from page_alloc.c next to zero_pfn __read_mostly in memory.c: to help them share a cacheline, since they're very often tested together in vm_normal_page(). Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* page-allocator: maintain rolling count of pages to free from the PCPMel Gorman2009-09-22
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | When round-robin freeing pages from the PCP lists, empty lists may be encountered. In the event one of the lists has more pages than another, there may be numerous checks for list_empty() which is undesirable. This patch maintains a count of pages to free which is incremented when empty lists are encountered. The intention is that more pages will then be freed from fuller lists than the empty ones reducing the number of empty list checks in the free path. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes] Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com> Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* page-allocator: split per-cpu list into one-list-per-migrate-typeMel Gorman2009-09-22
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The following two patches remove searching in the page allocator fast-path by maintaining multiple free-lists in the per-cpu structure. At the time the search was introduced, increasing the per-cpu structures would waste a lot of memory as per-cpu structures were statically allocated at compile-time. This is no longer the case. The patches are as follows. They are based on mmotm-2009-08-27. Patch 1 adds multiple lists to struct per_cpu_pages, one per migratetype that can be stored on the PCP lists. Patch 2 notes that the pcpu drain path check empty lists multiple times. The patch reduces the number of checks by maintaining a count of free lists encountered. Lists containing pages will then free multiple pages in batch The patches were tested with kernbench, netperf udp/tcp, hackbench and sysbench. The netperf tests were not bound to any CPU in particular and were run such that the results should be 99% confidence that the reported results are within 1% of the estimated mean. sysbench was run with a postgres background and read-only tests. Similar to netperf, it was run multiple times so that it's 99% confidence results are within 1%. The patches were tested on x86, x86-64 and ppc64 as x86: Intel Pentium D 3GHz with 8G RAM (no-brand machine) kernbench - No significant difference, variance well within noise netperf-udp - 1.34% to 2.28% gain netperf-tcp - 0.45% to 1.22% gain hackbench - Small variances, very close to noise sysbench - Very small gains x86-64: AMD Phenom 9950 1.3GHz with 8G RAM (no-brand machine) kernbench - No significant difference, variance well within noise netperf-udp - 1.83% to 10.42% gains netperf-tcp - No conclusive until buffer >= PAGE_SIZE 4096 +15.83% 8192 + 0.34% (not significant) 16384 + 1% hackbench - Small gains, very close to noise sysbench - 0.79% to 1.6% gain ppc64: PPC970MP 2.5GHz with 10GB RAM (it's a terrasoft powerstation) kernbench - No significant difference, variance well within noise netperf-udp - 2-3% gain for almost all buffer sizes tested netperf-tcp - losses on small buffers, gains on larger buffers possibly indicates some bad caching effect. hackbench - No significant difference sysbench - 2-4% gain This patch: Currently the per-cpu page allocator searches the PCP list for pages of the correct migrate-type to reduce the possibility of pages being inappropriate placed from a fragmentation perspective. This search is potentially expensive in a fast-path and undesirable. Splitting the per-cpu list into multiple lists increases the size of a per-cpu structure and this was potentially a major problem at the time the search was introduced. These problem has been mitigated as now only the necessary number of structures is allocated for the running system. This patch replaces a list search in the per-cpu allocator with one list per migrate type. The potential snag with this approach is when bulk freeing pages. We round-robin free pages based on migrate type which has little bearing on the cache hotness of the page and potentially checks empty lists repeatedly in the event the majority of PCP pages are of one type. Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Acked-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com> Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: do batched scans for mem_cgroupWu Fengguang2009-09-22
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | For mem_cgroup, shrink_zone() may call shrink_list() with nr_to_scan=1, in which case shrink_list() _still_ calls isolate_pages() with the much larger SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX. It effectively scales up the inactive list scan rate by up to 32 times. For example, with 16k inactive pages and DEF_PRIORITY=12, (16k >> 12)=4. So when shrink_zone() expects to scan 4 pages in the active/inactive list, the active list will be scanned 4 pages, while the inactive list will be (over) scanned SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX=32 pages in effect. And that could break the balance between the two lists. It can further impact the scan of anon active list, due to the anon active/inactive ratio rebalance logic in balance_pgdat()/shrink_zone(): inactive anon list over scanned => inactive_anon_is_low() == TRUE => shrink_active_list() => active anon list over scanned So the end result may be - anon inactive => over scanned - anon active => over scanned (maybe not as much) - file inactive => over scanned - file active => under scanned (relatively) The accesses to nr_saved_scan are not lock protected and so not 100% accurate, however we can tolerate small errors and the resulted small imbalanced scan rates between zones. Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Acked-by: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: also use alloc_large_system_hash() for the PID hash tableJan Beulich2009-09-22
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This is being done by allowing boot time allocations to specify that they may want a sub-page sized amount of memory. Overall this seems more consistent with the other hash table allocations, and allows making two supposedly mm-only variables really mm-only (nr_{kernel,all}_pages). Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* page-allocator: limit the number of MIGRATE_RESERVE pageblocks per zoneMel Gorman2009-09-22
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | After anti-fragmentation was merged, a bug was reported whereby devices that depended on high-order atomic allocations were failing. The solution was to preserve a property in the buddy allocator which tended to keep the minimum number of free pages in the zone at the lower physical addresses and contiguous. To preserve this property, MIGRATE_RESERVE was introduced and a number of pageblocks at the start of a zone would be marked "reserve", the number of which depended on min_free_kbytes. Anti-fragmentation works by avoiding the mixing of page migratetypes within the same pageblock. One way of helping this is to increase min_free_kbytes because it becomes less like that it will be necessary to place pages of of MIGRATE_RESERVE is unbounded, the free memory is kept there in large contiguous blocks instead of helping anti-fragmentation as much as it should. With the page-allocator tracepoint patches applied, it was found during anti-fragmentation tests that the number of fragmentation-related events were far higher than expected even with min_free_kbytes at higher values. This patch limits the number of MIGRATE_RESERVE blocks that exist per zone to two. For example, with a sufficient min_free_kbytes, 4MB of memory will be kept aside on an x86-64 and remain more or less free and contiguous for the systems uptime. This should be sufficient for devices depending on high-order atomic allocations while helping fragmentation control when min_free_kbytes is tuned appropriately. As side-effect of this patch is that the reserve variable is converted to int as unsigned long was the wrong type to use when ensuring that only the required number of reserve blocks are created. With the patches applied, fragmentation-related events as measured by the page allocator tracepoints were significantly reduced when running some fragmentation stress-tests on systems with min_free_kbytes tuned to a value appropriate for hugepage allocations at runtime. On x86, the events recorded were reduced by 99.8%, on x86-64 by 99.72% and on ppc64 by 99.83%. Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: <stable@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* tracing, page-allocator: add trace event for page traffic related to the ↵Mel Gorman2009-09-22
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | buddy lists The page allocation trace event reports that a page was successfully allocated but it does not specify where it came from. When analysing performance, it can be important to distinguish between pages coming from the per-cpu allocator and pages coming from the buddy lists as the latter requires the zone lock to the taken and more data structures to be examined. This patch adds a trace event for __rmqueue reporting when a page is being allocated from the buddy lists. It distinguishes between being called to refill the per-cpu lists or whether it is a high-order allocation. Similarly, this patch adds an event to catch when the PCP lists are being drained a little and pages are going back to the buddy lists. This is trickier to draw conclusions from but high activity on those events could explain why there were a large number of cache misses on a page-allocator-intensive workload. The coalescing and splitting of buddies involves a lot of writing of page metadata and cache line bounces not to mention the acquisition of an interrupt-safe lock necessary to enter this path. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix build] Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Larry Woodman <lwoodman@redhat.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Li Ming Chun <macli@brc.ubc.ca> Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* tracing, page-allocator: add trace events for anti-fragmentation falling ↵Mel Gorman2009-09-22
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | back to other migratetypes Fragmentation avoidance depends on being able to use free pages from lists of the appropriate migrate type. In the event this is not possible, __rmqueue_fallback() selects a different list and in some circumstances change the migratetype of the pageblock. Simplistically, the more times this event occurs, the more likely that fragmentation will be a problem later for hugepage allocation at least but there are other considerations such as the order of page being split to satisfy the allocation. This patch adds a trace event for __rmqueue_fallback() that reports what page is being used for the fallback, the orders of relevant pages, the desired migratetype and the migratetype of the lists being used, whether the pageblock changed type and whether this event is important with respect to fragmentation avoidance or not. This information can be used to help analyse fragmentation avoidance and help decide whether min_free_kbytes should be increased or not. Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Larry Woodman <lwoodman@redhat.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Li Ming Chun <macli@brc.ubc.ca> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* tracing, page-allocator: add trace events for page allocation and page freeingMel Gorman2009-09-22
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This patch adds trace events for the allocation and freeing of pages, including the freeing of pagevecs. Using the events, it will be known what struct page and pfns are being allocated and freed and what the call site was in many cases. The page alloc tracepoints be used as an indicator as to whether the workload was heavily dependant on the page allocator or not. You can make a guess based on vmstat but you can't get a per-process breakdown. Depending on the call path, the call_site for page allocation may be __get_free_pages() instead of a useful callsite. Instead of passing down a return address similar to slab debugging, the user should enable the stacktrace and seg-addr options to get a proper stack trace. The pagevec free tracepoint has a different usecase. It can be used to get a idea of how many pages are being dumped off the LRU and whether it is kswapd doing the work or a process doing direct reclaim. Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Larry Woodman <lwoodman@redhat.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Li Ming Chun <macli@brc.ubc.ca> Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* page-allocator: remove dead function free_cold_page()Mel Gorman2009-09-22
| | | | | | | | The function free_cold_page() has no callers so delete it. Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* page-allocator: change migratetype for all pageblocks within a high-order ↵Mel Gorman2009-09-22
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | page during __rmqueue_fallback When there are no pages of a target migratetype free, the page allocator selects a high-order block of another migratetype to allocate from. When the order of the page taken is greater than pageblock_order, all pageblocks within that high-order page should change migratetype so that pages are later freed to the correct free-lists. The current behaviour is that pageblocks change migratetype if the order being split matches the pageblock_order. When pageblock_order < MAX_ORDER-1, ownership is not changing correct and pages are being later freed to the incorrect list and this impacts fragmentation avoidance. This patch changes all pageblocks within the high-order page being split to the correct migratetype. Without the patch, allocation success rates for hugepages under stress were about 59% of physical memory on x86-64. With the patch applied, this goes up to 65%. Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: Andy Whitcroft <apw@shadowen.org> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: perform non-atomic test-clear of PG_mlocked on freeJohannes Weiner2009-09-22
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | By the time PG_mlocked is cleared in the page freeing path, nobody else is looking at our page->flags anymore. It is thus safe to make the test-and-clear non-atomic and thereby removing an unnecessary and expensive operation from a hotpath. Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Reviewed-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: add gfp mask checking for __get_free_pages()Akinobu Mita2009-09-22
| | | | | | | | | | __get_free_pages() with __GFP_HIGHMEM is not safe because the return address cannot represent a highmem page. get_zeroed_page() already has such a debug checking. Signed-off-by: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: vmstat: add isolate pagesKOSAKI Motohiro2009-09-22
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | If the system is running a heavy load of processes then concurrent reclaim can isolate a large number of pages from the LRU. /proc/vmstat and the output generated for an OOM do not show how many pages were isolated. This has been observed during process fork bomb testing (mstctl11 in LTP). This patch shows the information about isolated pages. Reproduced via: ----------------------- % ./hackbench 140 process 1000 => OOM occur active_anon:146 inactive_anon:0 isolated_anon:49245 active_file:79 inactive_file:18 isolated_file:113 unevictable:0 dirty:0 writeback:0 unstable:0 buffer:39 free:370 slab_reclaimable:309 slab_unreclaimable:5492 mapped:53 shmem:15 pagetables:28140 bounce:0 Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Acked-by: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com> Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: update alloc_flags after oom killer has been calledDavid Rientjes2009-09-22
| | | | | | | | | | | | | It is possible for the oom killer to select current as the task to kill. When this happens, alloc_flags needs to be updated accordingly to set ALLOC_NO_WATERMARKS so the subsequent allocation attempt may use memory reserves as the result of its thread having TIF_MEMDIE set if the allocation is not __GFP_NOMEMALLOC. Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: oom analysis: add shmem vmstatKOSAKI Motohiro2009-09-22
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Recently we encountered OOM problems due to memory use of the GEM cache. Generally a large amuont of Shmem/Tmpfs pages tend to create a memory shortage problem. We often use the following calculation to determine the amount of shmem pages: shmem = NR_ACTIVE_ANON + NR_INACTIVE_ANON - NR_ANON_PAGES however the expression does not consider isolated and mlocked pages. This patch adds explicit accounting for pages used by shmem and tmpfs. Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org> Acked-by: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: oom analysis: Show kernel stack usage in /proc/meminfo and OOM log outputKOSAKI Motohiro2009-09-22
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The amount of memory allocated to kernel stacks can become significant and cause OOM conditions. However, we do not display the amount of memory consumed by stacks. Add code to display the amount of memory used for stacks in /proc/meminfo. Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Reviewed-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: oom analysis: add buffer cache information to show_free_areas()KOSAKI Motohiro2009-09-22
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | It is often useful to know the statistics for all pages that are handled like page cache pages when looking at OOM log output. Therefore show_free_areas() should also display buffer cache statistics. Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Acked-by: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com> Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: oom analysis: add per-zone statistics to show_free_areas()KOSAKI Motohiro2009-09-22
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | show_free_areas() displays only a limited amount of zone counters. This patch includes additional counters in the display to allow easier debugging. This may be especially useful if an OOM is due to running out of DMA memory. Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Reviewed-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org> Acked-by: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com> Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: show_free_areas(): display slab pages in two separate fieldsKOSAKI Motohiro2009-09-22
| | | | | | | | | | | If an OOM happens, we really want to know the number of remaining reclaimable pages. So the reclaimable slab and unreclaimable slab fields should not be combined for display. Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* page_alloc: fix kernel-doc warningRandy Dunlap2009-09-22
| | | | | | | | | | | Ummark function as having kernel-doc notation, fixing the kernel-doc warning. Warning(mm/page_alloc.c:4519): No description found for parameter 'zone' Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* memory hotplug: make pages from movable zone always isolatableShaohua Li2009-09-22
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Pages on movable zone have two types, MIGRATE_MOVABLE and MIGRATE_RESERVE, both them can be movable, because only movable memory allocation can get pages from movable zone. This makes pages in movable zone always be able to migrate. Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Yakui Zhao <yakui.zhao@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* memory hotplug: exclude isolated page from pco page allocShaohua Li2009-09-22
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Pages marked as isolated should not be allocated again. If such pages reside in pcp list, they can be allocated too, so there is a ping-pong memory offline frees some pages to pcp list and the pages get allocated and then memory offline frees them again, this loop will happen again and again. This should have no impact in normal code path, because in normal code path, pages in pcp list aren't isolated, and below loop will break in the first entry. Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Yakui Zhao <yakui.zhao@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* memory hotplug: update zone pcp at memory onlineShaohua Li2009-09-22
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | In my test, 128M memory is hot added, but zone's pcp batch is 0, which is an obvious error. When pages are onlined, zone pcp should be updated accordingly. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix warnings] Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Yakui Zhao <yakui.zhao@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: remove obsoleted alloc_pages cpuset commentDavid Rientjes2009-09-22
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | When a cpuset's nodemask is updated, all attached tasks have their cached task->mems_allowed updated by a heap instead of requiring an explicit call to cpuset_update_task_memory_state(), which has since been removed in 58568d2a8215cb6f55caf2332017d7bdff954e1c ("cpuset,mm: update tasks' mems_allowed in time"). Remove the obsoleted comment from the page allocator. Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com> Acked-by: Miao Xie <miaox@cn.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* page-allocator: always change pageblock ownership when anti-fragmentation is ↵Mel Gorman2009-09-05
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | disabled On low-memory systems, anti-fragmentation gets disabled as fragmentation cannot be avoided on a sufficiently large boundary to be worthwhile. Once disabled, there is a period of time when all the pageblocks are marked MOVABLE and the expectation is that they get marked UNMOVABLE at each call to __rmqueue_fallback(). However, when MAX_ORDER is large the pageblocks do not change ownership because the normal criteria are not met. This has the effect of prematurely breaking up too many large contiguous blocks. This is most serious on NOMMU systems which depend on high-order allocations to boot. This patch causes pageblocks to change ownership on every fallback when anti-fragmentation is disabled. This prevents the large blocks being prematurely broken up. This is a fix to commit 49255c619fbd482d704289b5eb2795f8e3b7ff2e [page allocator: move check for disabled anti-fragmentation out of fastpath] and the problem affects 2.6.31-rc8. Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Tested-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org> Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi> Acked-by: Greg Ungerer <gerg@snapgear.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: build_zonelists(): move clear node_load[] to __build_all_zonelists()Bo Liu2009-08-18
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | If node_load[] is cleared everytime build_zonelists() is called,node_load[] will have no help to find the next node that should appear in the given node's fallback list. Because of the bug, zonelist's node_order is not calculated as expected. This bug affects on big machine, which has asynmetric node distance. [synmetric NUMA's node distance] 0 1 2 0 10 12 12 1 12 10 12 2 12 12 10 [asynmetric NUMA's node distance] 0 1 2 0 10 12 20 1 12 10 14 2 20 14 10 This (my bug) is very old but no one has reported this for a long time. Maybe because the number of asynmetric NUMA is very small and they use cpuset for customizing node memory allocation fallback. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix CONFIG_NUMA=n build] Signed-off-by: Bo Liu <bo-liu@hotmail.com> Reviewed-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org> Cc: <stable@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* page-allocator: allow too high-order warning messages to be suppressed with ↵Mel Gorman2009-07-29
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | __GFP_NOWARN The page allocator warns once when an order >= MAX_ORDER is specified. This is to catch callers of the allocator that are always falling back to their worst-case when it was not expected. However, there are cases where the caller is behaving correctly but cannot suppress the warning. This patch allows the warning to be suppressed by the callers by specifying __GFP_NOWARN. Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com> Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: avoid endless looping for oom killed tasksDavid Rientjes2009-07-29
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | If a task is oom killed and still cannot find memory when trying with no watermarks, it's better to fail the allocation attempt than to loop endlessly. Direct reclaim has already failed and the oom killer will be a no-op since current has yet to die, so there is no other alternative for allocations that are not __GFP_NOFAIL. Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* page-allocator: preserve PFN ordering when __GFP_COLD is setMel Gorman2009-07-29
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Fix a post-2.6.24 performace regression caused by 3dfa5721f12c3d5a441448086bee156887daa961 ("page-allocator: preserve PFN ordering when __GFP_COLD is set"). Narayanan reports "The regression is around 15%. There is no disk controller as our setup is based on Samsung OneNAND used as a memory mapped device on a OMAP2430 based board." The page allocator tries to preserve contiguous PFN ordering when returning pages such that repeated callers to the allocator have a strong chance of getting physically contiguous pages, particularly when external fragmentation is low. However, of the bulk of the allocations have __GFP_COLD set as they are due to aio_read() for example, then the PFNs are in reverse PFN order. This can cause performance degration when used with IO controllers that could have merged the requests. This patch attempts to preserve the contiguous ordering of PFNs for users of __GFP_COLD. Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Reported-by: Narayananu Gopalakrishnan <narayanan.g@samsung.com> Tested-by: Narayanan Gopalakrishnan <narayanan.g@samsung.com> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: <stable@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* Merge branch 'kmemleak' of git://linux-arm.org/linux-2.6Linus Torvalds2009-07-12
|\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | * 'kmemleak' of git://linux-arm.org/linux-2.6: kmemleak: Remove alloc_bootmem annotations introduced in the past kmemleak: Add callbacks to the bootmem allocator kmemleak: Allow partial freeing of memory blocks kmemleak: Trace the kmalloc_large* functions in slub kmemleak: Scan objects allocated during a scanning episode kmemleak: Do not acquire scan_mutex in kmemleak_open() kmemleak: Remove the reported leaks number limitation kmemleak: Add more cond_resched() calls in the scanning thread kmemleak: Renice the scanning thread to +10
| * kmemleak: Remove alloc_bootmem annotations introduced in the pastCatalin Marinas2009-07-09
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | kmemleak_alloc() calls were added in some places where alloc_bootmem was called. Since now kmemleak tracks bootmem allocations, these explicit calls should be run. Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Acked-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
* | Fix congestion_wait() sync/async vs read/write confusionJens Axboe2009-07-10
|/ | | | | | | | Commit 1faa16d22877f4839bd433547d770c676d1d964c accidentally broke the bdi congestion wait queue logic, causing us to wait on congestion for WRITE (== 1) when we really wanted BLK_RW_ASYNC (== 0) instead. Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
* Fix virt_to_phys() warningsKevin Cernekee2009-07-06
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | These warnings were observed on MIPS32 using 2.6.31-rc1 and gcc-4.2.0: mm/page_alloc.c: In function 'alloc_pages_exact': mm/page_alloc.c:1986: warning: passing argument 1 of 'virt_to_phys' makes pointer from integer without a cast drivers/usb/mon/mon_bin.c: In function 'mon_alloc_buff': drivers/usb/mon/mon_bin.c:1264: warning: passing argument 1 of 'virt_to_phys' makes pointer from integer without a cast [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix kernel/perf_counter.c too] Signed-off-by: Kevin Cernekee <cernekee@gmail.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org> Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* x86: only clear node_states for 64bitYinghai Lu2009-06-30
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Nathan reported that | commit 73d60b7f747176dbdff826c4127d22e1fd3f9f74 | Author: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org> | Date: Tue Jun 16 15:33:00 2009 -0700 | | page-allocator: clear N_HIGH_MEMORY map before we set it again | | SRAT tables may contains nodes of very small size. The arch code may | decide to not activate such a node. However, currently the early boot | code sets N_HIGH_MEMORY for such nodes. These nodes therefore seem to be | active although these nodes have no present pages. | | For 64bit N_HIGH_MEMORY == N_NORMAL_MEMORY, so that works for 64 bit too unintentionally and incorrectly clears the cpuset.mems cgroup attribute on an i386 kvm guest, meaning that cpuset.mems can not be used. Fix this by only clearing node_states[N_NORMAL_MEMORY] for 64bit only. and need to do save/restore for that in find_zone_movable_pfn Reported-by: Nathan Lynch <ntl@pobox.com> Tested-by: Nathan Lynch <ntl@pobox.com> Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>, Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* Don't warn about order-1 allocations with __GFP_NOFAILLinus Torvalds2009-06-24
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Traditionally, we never failed small orders (even regardless of any __GFP_NOFAIL flags), and slab will allocate order-1 allocations even for small allocations that could fit in a single page (in order to avoid excessive fragmentation). Maybe we should remove this warning entirely, but before making that judgement, at least limit it to bigger allocations. Acked-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: fix handling of pagesets for downed cpusDimitri Sivanich2009-06-23
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | After downing/upping a cpu, an attempt to set /proc/sys/vm/percpu_pagelist_fraction results in an oops in percpu_pagelist_fraction_sysctl_handler(). If a processor is downed then we need to set the pageset pointer back to the boot pageset. Updates of the high water marks should not access pagesets of unpopulated zones (those pointer go to the boot pagesets which would be no longer functional if their size would be increased beyond zero). Signed-off-by: Dimitri Sivanich <sivanich@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: <stable@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: page_alloc: clear PG_locked before checking flags on freeJohannes Weiner2009-06-20
| | | | | | | | | | | | da456f1 "page allocator: do not disable interrupts in free_page_mlock()" moved the PG_mlocked clearing after the flag sanity checking which makes mlocked pages always trigger 'bad page'. Fix this by clearing the bit up front. Reported--and-debugged-by: Peter Chubb <peter.chubb@nicta.com.au> Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Tested-by: Maxim Levitsky <maximlevitsky@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: Extend gfp masking to the page allocatorBenjamin Herrenschmidt2009-06-18
| | | | | | | | | | The page allocator also needs the masking of gfp flags during boot, so this moves it out of slab/slub and uses it with the page allocator as well. Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Acked-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* Merge branch 'akpm'Linus Torvalds2009-06-16
|\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | * akpm: (182 commits) fbdev: bf54x-lq043fb: use kzalloc over kmalloc/memset fbdev: *bfin*: fix __dev{init,exit} markings fbdev: *bfin*: drop unnecessary calls to memset fbdev: bfin-t350mcqb-fb: drop unused local variables fbdev: blackfin has __raw I/O accessors, so use them in fb.h fbdev: s1d13xxxfb: add accelerated bitblt functions tcx: use standard fields for framebuffer physical address and length fbdev: add support for handoff from firmware to hw framebuffers intelfb: fix a bug when changing video timing fbdev: use framebuffer_release() for freeing fb_info structures radeon: P2G2CLK_ALWAYS_ONb tested twice, should 2nd be P2G2CLK_DAC_ALWAYS_ONb? s3c-fb: CPUFREQ frequency scaling support s3c-fb: fix resource releasing on error during probing carminefb: fix possible access beyond end of carmine_modedb[] acornfb: remove fb_mmap function mb862xxfb: use CONFIG_OF instead of CONFIG_PPC_OF mb862xxfb: restrict compliation of platform driver to PPC Samsung SoC Framebuffer driver: add Alpha Channel support atmel-lcdc: fix pixclock upper bound detection offb: use framebuffer_alloc() to allocate fb_info struct ... Manually fix up conflicts due to kmemcheck in mm/slab.c
| * vmscan: do not unconditionally treat zones that fail zone_reclaim() as fullMel Gorman2009-06-16
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | On NUMA machines, the administrator can configure zone_reclaim_mode that is a more targetted form of direct reclaim. On machines with large NUMA distances for example, a zone_reclaim_mode defaults to 1 meaning that clean unmapped pages will be reclaimed if the zone watermarks are not being met. The problem is that zone_reclaim() failing at all means the zone gets marked full. This can cause situations where a zone is usable, but is being skipped because it has been considered full. Take a situation where a large tmpfs mount is occuping a large percentage of memory overall. The pages do not get cleaned or reclaimed by zone_reclaim(), but the zone gets marked full and the zonelist cache considers them not worth trying in the future. This patch makes zone_reclaim() return more fine-grained information about what occured when zone_reclaim() failued. The zone only gets marked full if it really is unreclaimable. If it's a case that the scan did not occur or if enough pages were not reclaimed with the limited reclaim_mode, then the zone is simply skipped. There is a side-effect to this patch. Currently, if zone_reclaim() successfully reclaimed SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX, an allocation attempt would go ahead. With this patch applied, zone watermarks are rechecked after zone_reclaim() does some work. This bug was introduced by commit 9276b1bc96a132f4068fdee00983c532f43d3a26 ("memory page_alloc zonelist caching speedup") way back in 2.6.19 when the zonelist_cache was introduced. It was not intended that zone_reclaim() aggressively consider the zone to be full when it failed as full direct reclaim can still be an option. Due to the age of the bug, it should be considered a -stable candidate. Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Reviewed-by: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com> Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org> Cc: <stable@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
| * page-allocator: clear N_HIGH_MEMORY map before we set it againYinghai Lu2009-06-16
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | SRAT tables may contains nodes of very small size. The arch code may decide to not activate such a node. However, currently the early boot code sets N_HIGH_MEMORY for such nodes. These nodes therefore seem to be active although these nodes have no present pages. For 64bit N_HIGH_MEMORY == N_NORMAL_MEMORY, so that works for 64 bit too Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <Yinghai@kernel.org> Tested-by: Jack Steiner <steiner@sgi.com> Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
| * oom: invoke oom killer for __GFP_NOFAILDavid Rientjes2009-06-16
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The oom killer must be invoked regardless of the order if the allocation is __GFP_NOFAIL, otherwise it will loop forever when reclaim fails to free some memory. Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
| * mm: remove CONFIG_UNEVICTABLE_LRU config optionKOSAKI Motohiro2009-06-16
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Currently, nobody wants to turn UNEVICTABLE_LRU off. Thus this configurability is unnecessary. Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org> Acked-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com> Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org> Cc: Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
| * page-allocator: reset wmark_min and inactive ratio of zone when hotplug happensMinchan Kim2009-06-16
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Solve two problems. Whenever memory hotplug sucessfully happens, zone->present_pages have to be changed. 1) Now memory hotplug calls setup_per_zone_wmark_min only when online_pages called, not offline_pages. It breaks balance. 2) If zone->present_pages is changed, we also have to change zone->inactive_ratio. That's because inactive_ratio depends on zone->present_pages. Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com> Acked-by: Yasunori Goto <y-goto@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
| * page-allocator: add inactive ratio calculation function of each zoneMinchan Kim2009-06-16
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Factor the per-zone arithemetic inside setup_per_zone_inactive_ratio()'s loop into a a separate function, calculate_zone_inactive_ratio(). This function will be used in a later patch [akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes] Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
| * page-allocator: clean up functions related to pages_minMinchan Kim2009-06-16
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Change the names of two functions. It doesn't affect behavior. Presently, setup_per_zone_pages_min() changes low, high of zone as well as min. So a better name is setup_per_zone_wmarks(). That's because Mel changed zone->pages_[hig/low/min] to zone->watermark array in "page allocator: replace the watermark-related union in struct zone with a watermark[] array". * setup_per_zone_pages_min => setup_per_zone_wmarks Of course, we have to change init_per_zone_pages_min, too. There are not pages_min any more. * init_per_zone_pages_min => init_per_zone_wmark_min [akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes] Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com> Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
| * mm, PM/Freezer: Disable OOM killer when tasks are frozenRafael J. Wysocki2009-06-16
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Currently, the following scenario appears to be possible in theory: * Tasks are frozen for hibernation or suspend. * Free pages are almost exhausted. * Certain piece of code in the suspend code path attempts to allocate some memory using GFP_KERNEL and allocation order less than or equal to PAGE_ALLOC_COSTLY_ORDER. * __alloc_pages_internal() cannot find a free page so it invokes the OOM killer. * The OOM killer attempts to kill a task, but the task is frozen, so it doesn't die immediately. * __alloc_pages_internal() jumps to 'restart', unsuccessfully tries to find a free page and invokes the OOM killer. * No progress can be made. Although it is now hard to trigger during hibernation due to the memory shrinking carried out by the hibernation code, it is theoretically possible to trigger during suspend after the memory shrinking has been removed from that code path. Moreover, since memory allocations are going to be used for the hibernation memory shrinking, it will be even more likely to happen during hibernation. To prevent it from happening, introduce the oom_killer_disabled switch that will cause __alloc_pages_internal() to fail in the situations in which the OOM killer would have been called and make the freezer set this switch after tasks have been successfully frozen. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: be nicer to the namespace] Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl> Cc: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@gmail.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Acked-by: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
| * page-allocator: warn if __GFP_NOFAIL is used for a large allocationAndrew Morton2009-06-16
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | __GFP_NOFAIL is a bad fiction. Allocations _can_ fail, and callers should detect and suitably handle this (and not by lamely moving the infinite loop up to the caller level either). Attempting to use __GFP_NOFAIL for a higher-order allocation is even worse, so add a once-off runtime check for this to slap people around for even thinking about trying it. Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
| * mm: setup_per_zone_inactive_ratio - fix comment and make it __initCyrill Gorcunov2009-06-16
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The caller of setup_per_zone_inactive_ratio is an __init function. There is no need to keep the callee after it completed as well. Also fix a comment. Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Signed-off-by: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org> Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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