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* mm: don't access vm_flags as 'int'KOSAKI Motohiro2011-05-26
| | | | | | | | | | | The type of vma->vm_flags is 'unsigned long'. Neither 'int' nor 'unsigned int'. This patch fixes such misuse. Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> [ Changed to use a typedef - we'll extend it to cover more cases later, since there has been discussion about making it a 64-bit type.. - Linus ] Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* Fix common misspellingsLucas De Marchi2011-03-31
| | | | | | Fixes generated by 'codespell' and manually reviewed. Signed-off-by: Lucas De Marchi <lucas.demarchi@profusion.mobi>
* userns: user namespaces: convert several capable() callsSerge E. Hallyn2011-03-23
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | CAP_IPC_OWNER and CAP_IPC_LOCK can be checked against current_user_ns(), because the resource comes from current's own ipc namespace. setuid/setgid are to uids in own namespace, so again checks can be against current_user_ns(). Changelog: Jan 11: Use task_ns_capable() in place of sched_capable(). Jan 11: Use nsown_capable() as suggested by Bastian Blank. Jan 11: Clarify (hopefully) some logic in futex and sched.c Feb 15: use ns_capable for ipc, not nsown_capable Feb 23: let copy_ipcs handle setting ipc_ns->user_ns Feb 23: pass ns down rather than taking it from current [akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes] Signed-off-by: Serge E. Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com> Acked-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com> Acked-by: Daniel Lezcano <daniel.lezcano@free.fr> Acked-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* ipc: shm: fix information leak to userlandVasiliy Kulikov2010-10-30
| | | | | | | | | | | The shmid_ds structure is copied to userland with shm_unused{,2,3} fields unitialized. It leads to leaking of contents of kernel stack memory. Signed-off-by: Vasiliy Kulikov <segooon@gmail.com> Acked-by: Al Viro <viro@ZenIV.linux.org.uk> Cc: stable@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* ipc/shm.c: add RSS and swap size information to /proc/sysvipc/shmHelge Deller2010-10-27
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The kernel currently provides no functionality to analyze the RSS and swap space usage of each individual sysvipc shared memory segment. This patch adds this info for each existing shm segment by extending the output of /proc/sysvipc/shm by two columns for RSS and swap. Since shmctl(SHM_INFO) already provides a similiar calculation (it currently sums up all RSS/swap info for all segments), I did split out a static function which is now used by the /proc/sysvipc/shm output and shmctl(SHM_INFO). SAP products (esp. the SAP Netweaver ABAP Kernel) uses lots of big shared memory segments (we often have Linux systems with >= 16GB shm usage). Sometimes we get customer reports about "slow" system responses and while looking into their configurations we often find massive swapping activity on the system. With this patch it's now easy to see from the command line if and which shm segments gets swapped out (and how much) and can more easily give recommendations for system tuning. Without the patch it's currently not possible to do such shm analysis at all. Also... Add some spaces in front of the "size" field for 64bit kernels to get the columns correct if you cat the contents of the file. In sysvipc_shm_proc_show() the kernel prints the size value in "SPEC_SIZE" format, which is defined like this: #if BITS_PER_LONG <= 32 #define SIZE_SPEC "%10lu" #else #define SIZE_SPEC "%21lu" #endif So, if the header is not adjusted, the columns are not correctly aligned. I actually tested this on 32- and 64-bit and it seems correct now. Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de> Cc: Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com> Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* llseek: automatically add .llseek fopArnd Bergmann2010-10-15
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | All file_operations should get a .llseek operation so we can make nonseekable_open the default for future file operations without a .llseek pointer. The three cases that we can automatically detect are no_llseek, seq_lseek and default_llseek. For cases where we can we can automatically prove that the file offset is always ignored, we use noop_llseek, which maintains the current behavior of not returning an error from a seek. New drivers should normally not use noop_llseek but instead use no_llseek and call nonseekable_open at open time. Existing drivers can be converted to do the same when the maintainer knows for certain that no user code relies on calling seek on the device file. The generated code is often incorrectly indented and right now contains comments that clarify for each added line why a specific variant was chosen. In the version that gets submitted upstream, the comments will be gone and I will manually fix the indentation, because there does not seem to be a way to do that using coccinelle. Some amount of new code is currently sitting in linux-next that should get the same modifications, which I will do at the end of the merge window. Many thanks to Julia Lawall for helping me learn to write a semantic patch that does all this. ===== begin semantic patch ===== // This adds an llseek= method to all file operations, // as a preparation for making no_llseek the default. // // The rules are // - use no_llseek explicitly if we do nonseekable_open // - use seq_lseek for sequential files // - use default_llseek if we know we access f_pos // - use noop_llseek if we know we don't access f_pos, // but we still want to allow users to call lseek // @ open1 exists @ identifier nested_open; @@ nested_open(...) { <+... nonseekable_open(...) ...+> } @ open exists@ identifier open_f; identifier i, f; identifier open1.nested_open; @@ int open_f(struct inode *i, struct file *f) { <+... ( nonseekable_open(...) | nested_open(...) ) ...+> } @ read disable optional_qualifier exists @ identifier read_f; identifier f, p, s, off; type ssize_t, size_t, loff_t; expression E; identifier func; @@ ssize_t read_f(struct file *f, char *p, size_t s, loff_t *off) { <+... ( *off = E | *off += E | func(..., off, ...) | E = *off ) ...+> } @ read_no_fpos disable optional_qualifier exists @ identifier read_f; identifier f, p, s, off; type ssize_t, size_t, loff_t; @@ ssize_t read_f(struct file *f, char *p, size_t s, loff_t *off) { ... when != off } @ write @ identifier write_f; identifier f, p, s, off; type ssize_t, size_t, loff_t; expression E; identifier func; @@ ssize_t write_f(struct file *f, const char *p, size_t s, loff_t *off) { <+... ( *off = E | *off += E | func(..., off, ...) | E = *off ) ...+> } @ write_no_fpos @ identifier write_f; identifier f, p, s, off; type ssize_t, size_t, loff_t; @@ ssize_t write_f(struct file *f, const char *p, size_t s, loff_t *off) { ... when != off } @ fops0 @ identifier fops; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... }; @ has_llseek depends on fops0 @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier llseek_f; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .llseek = llseek_f, ... }; @ has_read depends on fops0 @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier read_f; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .read = read_f, ... }; @ has_write depends on fops0 @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier write_f; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .write = write_f, ... }; @ has_open depends on fops0 @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier open_f; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .open = open_f, ... }; // use no_llseek if we call nonseekable_open //////////////////////////////////////////// @ nonseekable1 depends on !has_llseek && has_open @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier nso ~= "nonseekable_open"; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .open = nso, ... +.llseek = no_llseek, /* nonseekable */ }; @ nonseekable2 depends on !has_llseek @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier open.open_f; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .open = open_f, ... +.llseek = no_llseek, /* open uses nonseekable */ }; // use seq_lseek for sequential files ///////////////////////////////////// @ seq depends on !has_llseek @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier sr ~= "seq_read"; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .read = sr, ... +.llseek = seq_lseek, /* we have seq_read */ }; // use default_llseek if there is a readdir /////////////////////////////////////////// @ fops1 depends on !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier readdir_e; @@ // any other fop is used that changes pos struct file_operations fops = { ... .readdir = readdir_e, ... +.llseek = default_llseek, /* readdir is present */ }; // use default_llseek if at least one of read/write touches f_pos ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// @ fops2 depends on !fops1 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier read.read_f; @@ // read fops use offset struct file_operations fops = { ... .read = read_f, ... +.llseek = default_llseek, /* read accesses f_pos */ }; @ fops3 depends on !fops1 && !fops2 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier write.write_f; @@ // write fops use offset struct file_operations fops = { ... .write = write_f, ... + .llseek = default_llseek, /* write accesses f_pos */ }; // Use noop_llseek if neither read nor write accesses f_pos /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// @ fops4 depends on !fops1 && !fops2 && !fops3 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier read_no_fpos.read_f; identifier write_no_fpos.write_f; @@ // write fops use offset struct file_operations fops = { ... .write = write_f, .read = read_f, ... +.llseek = noop_llseek, /* read and write both use no f_pos */ }; @ depends on has_write && !has_read && !fops1 && !fops2 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier write_no_fpos.write_f; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .write = write_f, ... +.llseek = noop_llseek, /* write uses no f_pos */ }; @ depends on has_read && !has_write && !fops1 && !fops2 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier read_no_fpos.read_f; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .read = read_f, ... +.llseek = noop_llseek, /* read uses no f_pos */ }; @ depends on !has_read && !has_write && !fops1 && !fops2 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @ identifier fops0.fops; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... +.llseek = noop_llseek, /* no read or write fn */ }; ===== End semantic patch ===== Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Julia Lawall <julia@diku.dk> Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
* drop unused dentry argument to ->fsyncChristoph Hellwig2010-05-27
| | | | | Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
* ipc: use rlimit helpersJiri Slaby2010-03-12
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Make sure compiler won't do weird things with limits. E.g. fetching them twice may return 2 different values after writable limits are implemented. I.e. either use rlimit helpers added in 3e10e716abf3c71bdb5d86b8f507f9e72236c9cd ("resource: add helpers for fetching rlimits") or ACCESS_ONCE if not applicable. Signed-off-by: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* nommu: fix SYSV SHM for NOMMUDavid Howells2010-01-16
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Commit c4caa778157dbbf04116f0ac2111e389b5cd7a29 ("file ->get_unmapped_area() shouldn't duplicate work of get_unmapped_area()") broke SYSV SHM for NOMMU by taking away the pointer to shm_get_unmapped_area() from shm_file_operations. Put it back conditionally on CONFIG_MMU=n. file->f_ops->get_unmapped_area() is used to find out the base address for a mapping of a mappable chardev device or mappable memory-based file (such as a ramfs file). It needs to be called prior to file->f_ops->mmap() being called. Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Acked-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: Greg Ungerer <gerg@snapgear.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* Merge branch 'master' of ↵Linus Torvalds2009-12-16
|\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs-2.6 * 'master' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs-2.6: (38 commits) direct I/O fallback sync simplification ocfs: stop using do_sync_mapping_range cleanup blockdev_direct_IO locking make generic_acl slightly more generic sanitize xattr handler prototypes libfs: move EXPORT_SYMBOL for d_alloc_name vfs: force reval of target when following LAST_BIND symlinks (try #7) ima: limit imbalance msg Untangling ima mess, part 3: kill dead code in ima Untangling ima mess, part 2: deal with counters Untangling ima mess, part 1: alloc_file() O_TRUNC open shouldn't fail after file truncation ima: call ima_inode_free ima_inode_free IMA: clean up the IMA counts updating code ima: only insert at inode creation time ima: valid return code from ima_inode_alloc fs: move get_empty_filp() deffinition to internal.h Sanitize exec_permission_lite() Kill cached_lookup() and real_lookup() Kill path_lookup_open() ... Trivial conflicts in fs/direct-io.c
| * Untangling ima mess, part 1: alloc_file()Al Viro2009-12-16
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | There are 2 groups of alloc_file() callers: * ones that are followed by ima_counts_get * ones giving non-regular files So let's pull that ima_counts_get() into alloc_file(); it's a no-op in case of non-regular files. Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
| * switch alloc_file() to passing struct pathAl Viro2009-12-16
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | ... and have the caller grab both mnt and dentry; kill leak in infiniband, while we are at it. Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
* | ipc ns: fix memory leak (idr)Serge E. Hallyn2009-12-16
|/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | We have apparently had a memory leak since 7ca7e564e049d8b350ec9d958ff25eaa24226352 "ipc: store ipcs into IDRs" in 2007. The idr of which 3 exist for each ipc namespace is never freed. This patch simply frees them when the ipcns is freed. I don't believe any idr_remove() are done from rcu (and could therefore be delayed until after this idr_destroy()), so the patch should be safe. Some quick testing showed no harm, and the memory leak fixed. Caught by kmemleak. Signed-off-by: Serge E. Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* file ->get_unmapped_area() shouldn't duplicate work of get_unmapped_area()Al Viro2009-12-11
| | | | | | | | ... we should call mm ->get_unmapped_area() instead and let our caller do the final checks. Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
* const: mark struct vm_struct_operationsAlexey Dobriyan2009-09-27
| | | | | | | | | | | * mark struct vm_area_struct::vm_ops as const * mark vm_ops in AGP code But leave TTM code alone, something is fishy there with global vm_ops being used. Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* hugetlbfs: allow the creation of files suitable for MAP_PRIVATE on the vfs ↵Eric B Munson2009-09-22
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | internal mount This patchset adds a flag to mmap that allows the user to request that an anonymous mapping be backed with huge pages. This mapping will borrow functionality from the huge page shm code to create a file on the kernel internal mount and use it to approximate an anonymous mapping. The MAP_HUGETLB flag is a modifier to MAP_ANONYMOUS and will not work without both flags being preset. A new flag is necessary because there is no other way to hook into huge pages without creating a file on a hugetlbfs mount which wouldn't be MAP_ANONYMOUS. To userspace, this mapping will behave just like an anonymous mapping because the file is not accessible outside of the kernel. This patchset is meant to simplify the programming model. Presently there is a large chunk of boiler platecode, contained in libhugetlbfs, required to create private, hugepage backed mappings. This patch set would allow use of hugepages without linking to libhugetlbfs or having hugetblfs mounted. Unification of the VM code would provide these same benefits, but it has been resisted each time that it has been suggested for several reasons: it would break PAGE_SIZE assumptions across the kernel, it makes page-table abstractions really expensive, and it does not provide any benefit on architectures that do not support huge pages, incurring fast path penalties without providing any benefit on these architectures. This patch: There are two means of creating mappings backed by huge pages: 1. mmap() a file created on hugetlbfs 2. Use shm which creates a file on an internal mount which essentially maps it MAP_SHARED The internal mount is only used for shared mappings but there is very little that stops it being used for private mappings. This patch extends hugetlbfs_file_setup() to deal with the creation of files that will be mapped MAP_PRIVATE on the internal hugetlbfs mount. This extended API is used in a subsequent patch to implement the MAP_HUGETLB mmap() flag. Signed-off-by: Eric Munson <ebmunson@us.ibm.com> Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: Adam Litke <agl@us.ibm.com> Cc: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au> Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com> Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* fix undefined reference to user_shm_unlockHugh Dickins2009-09-14
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | My 353d5c30c666580347515da609dd74a2b8e9b828 "mm: fix hugetlb bug due to user_shm_unlock call" broke the CONFIG_SYSVIPC !CONFIG_MMU build of both 2.6.31 and 2.6.30.6: "undefined reference to `user_shm_unlock'". gcc didn't understand my comment! so couldn't figure out to optimize away user_shm_unlock() from the error path in the hugetlb-less case, as it does elsewhere. Help it to do so, in a language it understands. Reported-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org> Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk> Cc: stable@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: fix hugetlb bug due to user_shm_unlock callHugh Dickins2009-08-24
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2.6.30's commit 8a0bdec194c21c8fdef840989d0d7b742bb5d4bc removed user_shm_lock() calls in hugetlb_file_setup() but left the user_shm_unlock call in shm_destroy(). In detail: Assume that can_do_hugetlb_shm() returns true and hence user_shm_lock() is not called in hugetlb_file_setup(). However, user_shm_unlock() is called in any case in shm_destroy() and in the following atomic_dec_and_lock(&up->__count) in free_uid() is executed and if up->__count gets zero, also cleanup_user_struct() is scheduled. Note that sched_destroy_user() is empty if CONFIG_USER_SCHED is not set. However, the ref counter up->__count gets unexpectedly non-positive and the corresponding structs are freed even though there are live references to them, resulting in a kernel oops after a lots of shmget(SHM_HUGETLB)/shmctl(IPC_RMID) cycles and CONFIG_USER_SCHED set. Hugh changed Stefan's suggested patch: can_do_hugetlb_shm() at the time of shm_destroy() may give a different answer from at the time of hugetlb_file_setup(). And fixed newseg()'s no_id error path, which has missed user_shm_unlock() ever since it came in 2.6.9. Reported-by: Stefan Huber <shuber2@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk> Tested-by: Stefan Huber <shuber2@gmail.com> Cc: stable@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* Merge branch 'next' into for-linusJames Morris2009-06-10
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| * integrity: move ima_counts_getMimi Zohar2009-05-21
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Based on discussion on lkml (Andrew Morton and Eric Paris), move ima_counts_get down a layer into shmem/hugetlb__file_setup(). Resolves drm shmem_file_setup() usage case as well. HD comment: I still think you're doing this at the wrong level, but recognize that you probably won't be persuaded until a few more users of alloc_file() emerge, all wanting your ima_counts_get(). Resolving GEM's shmem_file_setup() is an improvement, so I'll say Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
| * integrity: path_check updateMimi Zohar2009-05-21
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Add support in ima_path_check() for integrity checking without incrementing the counts. (Required for nfsd.) - rename and export opencount_get to ima_counts_get - replace ima_shm_check calls with ima_counts_get - export ima_path_check Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
* | shm: fix unused warnings on nommuMike Frysinger2009-06-09
|/ | | | | | | | | | | | The massive nommu update (8feae131) resulted in these warnings: ipc/shm.c: In function `sys_shmdt': ipc/shm.c:974: warning: unused variable `size' ipc/shm.c:972: warning: unused variable `next' Signed-off-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org> Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* ipc: make shm_get_stat() more robustTony Battersby2009-04-02
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | shm_get_stat() assumes idr_find(&shm_ids(ns).ipcs_idr) returns "struct shmid_kernel *"; all other callers assume that it returns "struct kern_ipc_perm *". This works because "struct kern_ipc_perm" is currently the first member of "struct shmid_kernel", but it would be better to use container_of() to prevent future breakage. Signed-off-by: Tony Battersby <tonyb@cybernetics.com> Cc: Jiri Olsa <olsajiri@gmail.com> Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* Merge branch 'master' into nextJames Morris2009-03-23
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| * Do not account for the address space used by hugetlbfs using VM_ACCOUNTMel Gorman2009-02-10
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | When overcommit is disabled, the core VM accounts for pages used by anonymous shared, private mappings and special mappings. It keeps track of VMAs that should be accounted for with VM_ACCOUNT and VMAs that never had a reserve with VM_NORESERVE. Overcommit for hugetlbfs is much riskier than overcommit for base pages due to contiguity requirements. It avoids overcommiting on both shared and private mappings using reservation counters that are checked and updated during mmap(). This ensures (within limits) that hugepages exist in the future when faults occurs or it is too easy to applications to be SIGKILLed. As hugetlbfs makes its own reservations of a different unit to the base page size, VM_ACCOUNT should never be set. Even if the units were correct, we would double account for the usage in the core VM and hugetlbfs. VM_NORESERVE may be set because an application can request no reserves be made for hugetlbfs at the risk of getting killed later. With commit fc8744adc870a8d4366908221508bb113d8b72ee, VM_NORESERVE and VM_ACCOUNT are getting unconditionally set for hugetlbfs-backed mappings. This breaks the accounting for both the core VM and hugetlbfs, can trigger an OOM storm when hugepage pools are too small lockups and corrupted counters otherwise are used. This patch brings hugetlbfs more in line with how the core VM treats VM_NORESERVE but prevents VM_ACCOUNT being set. Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | Merge branch 'master' into nextJames Morris2009-02-05
|\| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Conflicts: fs/namei.c Manually merged per: diff --cc fs/namei.c index 734f2b5,bbc15c2..0000000 --- a/fs/namei.c +++ b/fs/namei.c @@@ -860,9 -848,8 +849,10 @@@ static int __link_path_walk(const char nd->flags |= LOOKUP_CONTINUE; err = exec_permission_lite(inode); if (err == -EAGAIN) - err = vfs_permission(nd, MAY_EXEC); + err = inode_permission(nd->path.dentry->d_inode, + MAY_EXEC); + if (!err) + err = ima_path_check(&nd->path, MAY_EXEC); if (err) break; @@@ -1525,14 -1506,9 +1509,14 @@@ int may_open(struct path *path, int acc flag &= ~O_TRUNC; } - error = vfs_permission(nd, acc_mode); + error = inode_permission(inode, acc_mode); if (error) return error; + - error = ima_path_check(&nd->path, ++ error = ima_path_check(path, + acc_mode & (MAY_READ | MAY_WRITE | MAY_EXEC)); + if (error) + return error; /* * An append-only file must be opened in append mode for writing. */ Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
| * shm: fix shmctl(SHM_INFO) lockup with !CONFIG_SHMEMTony Battersby2009-02-05
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | shm_get_stat() assumes that the inode is a "struct shmem_inode_info", which is incorrect for !CONFIG_SHMEM (see fs/ramfs/inode.c: ramfs_get_inode() vs. mm/shmem.c: shmem_get_inode()). This bad assumption can cause shmctl(SHM_INFO) to lockup when shm_get_stat() tries to spin_lock(&info->lock). Users of !CONFIG_SHMEM may encounter this lockup simply by invoking the 'ipcs' command. Reported by Jiri Olsa back in February 2008: http://lkml.org/lkml/2008/2/29/74 Signed-off-by: Tony Battersby <tonyb@cybernetics.com> Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz> Reported-by: Jiri Olsa <olsajiri@gmail.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Cc: <stable@kernel.org> [2.6.everything] Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
| * Stop playing silly games with the VM_ACCOUNT flagLinus Torvalds2009-01-31
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The mmap_region() code would temporarily set the VM_ACCOUNT flag for anonymous shared mappings just to inform shmem_zero_setup() that it should enable accounting for the resulting shm object. It would then clear the flag after calling ->mmap (for the /dev/zero case) or doing shmem_zero_setup() (for the MAP_ANON case). This just resulted in vma merge issues, but also made for just unnecessary confusion. Use the already-existing VM_NORESERVE flag for this instead, and let shmem_{zero|file}_setup() just figure it out from that. This also happens to make it obvious that the new DRI2 GEM layer uses a non-reserving backing store for its object allocation - which is quite possibly not intentional. But since I didn't want to change semantics in this patch, I left it alone, and just updated the caller to use the new flag semantics. Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
| * [CVE-2009-0029] System call wrappers part 25Heiko Carstens2009-01-14
| | | | | | | | Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
| * NOMMU: Make VMAs per MM as for MMU-mode linuxDavid Howells2009-01-08
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Make VMAs per mm_struct as for MMU-mode linux. This solves two problems: (1) In SYSV SHM where nattch for a segment does not reflect the number of shmat's (and forks) done. (2) In mmap() where the VMA's vm_mm is set to point to the parent mm by an exec'ing process when VM_EXECUTABLE is specified, regardless of the fact that a VMA might be shared and already have its vm_mm assigned to another process or a dead process. A new struct (vm_region) is introduced to track a mapped region and to remember the circumstances under which it may be shared and the vm_list_struct structure is discarded as it's no longer required. This patch makes the following additional changes: (1) Regions are now allocated with alloc_pages() rather than kmalloc() and with no recourse to __GFP_COMP, so the pages are not composite. Instead, each page has a reference on it held by the region. Anything else that is interested in such a page will have to get a reference on it to retain it. When the pages are released due to unmapping, each page is passed to put_page() and will be freed when the page usage count reaches zero. (2) Excess pages are trimmed after an allocation as the allocation must be made as a power-of-2 quantity of pages. (3) VMAs are added to the parent MM's R/B tree and mmap lists. As an MM may end up with overlapping VMAs within the tree, the VMA struct address is appended to the sort key. (4) Non-anonymous VMAs are now added to the backing inode's prio list. (5) Holes may be punched in anonymous VMAs with munmap(), releasing parts of the backing region. The VMA and region structs will be split if necessary. (6) sys_shmdt() only releases one attachment to a SYSV IPC shared memory segment instead of all the attachments at that addresss. Multiple shmat()'s return the same address under NOMMU-mode instead of different virtual addresses as under MMU-mode. (7) Core dumping for ELF-FDPIC requires fewer exceptions for NOMMU-mode. (8) /proc/maps is now the global list of mapped regions, and may list bits that aren't actually mapped anywhere. (9) /proc/meminfo gains a line (tagged "MmapCopy") that indicates the amount of RAM currently allocated by mmap to hold mappable regions that can't be mapped directly. These are copies of the backing device or file if not anonymous. These changes make NOMMU mode more similar to MMU mode. The downside is that NOMMU mode requires some extra memory to track things over NOMMU without this patch (VMAs are no longer shared, and there are now region structs). Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Tested-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier.adi@gmail.com> Acked-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
| * ipc: clean up ipc/shm.cWANG Cong2009-01-06
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Use the macro shm_ids(). Remove useless check for a userspace pointer, because copy_to_user() will check it. Some style cleanups. Signed-off-by: WANG Cong <wangcong@zeuux.org> Cc: Nadia Derbey <Nadia.Derbey@bull.net> Cc: Pierre Peiffer <peifferp@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
| * sanitize audit_ipc_obj()Al Viro2009-01-04
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | * get rid of allocations * make it return void * simplify callers Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
* | Integrity: IMA file free imbalanceMimi Zohar2009-02-05
|/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The number of calls to ima_path_check()/ima_file_free() should be balanced. An extra call to fput(), indicates the file could have been accessed without first being measured. Although f_count is incremented/decremented in places other than fget/fput, like fget_light/fput_light and get_file, the current task must already hold a file refcnt. The call to __fput() is delayed until the refcnt becomes 0, resulting in ima_file_free() flagging any changes. - add hook to increment opencount for IPC shared memory(SYSV), shmat files, and /dev/zero - moved NULL iint test in opencount_get() Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@us.ibm.com> Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
* CRED: Wrap current->cred and a few other accessorsDavid Howells2008-11-13
| | | | | | | | | | Wrap current->cred and a few other accessors to hide their actual implementation. Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Acked-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org> Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
* CRED: Separate task security context from task_structDavid Howells2008-11-13
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Separate the task security context from task_struct. At this point, the security data is temporarily embedded in the task_struct with two pointers pointing to it. Note that the Alpha arch is altered as it refers to (E)UID and (E)GID in entry.S via asm-offsets. With comment fixes Signed-off-by: Marc Dionne <marc.c.dionne@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Acked-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org> Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
* CRED: Wrap task credential accesses in the SYSV IPC subsystemDavid Howells2008-11-13
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Wrap access to task credentials so that they can be separated more easily from the task_struct during the introduction of COW creds. Change most current->(|e|s|fs)[ug]id to current_(|e|s|fs)[ug]id(). Change some task->e?[ug]id to task_e?[ug]id(). In some places it makes more sense to use RCU directly rather than a convenient wrapper; these will be addressed by later patches. Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org> Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
* [PATCH] introduce fmode_t, do annotationsAl Viro2008-10-21
| | | | Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
* SHM_LOCKED pages are unevictableLee Schermerhorn2008-10-20
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Shmem segments locked into memory via shmctl(SHM_LOCKED) should not be kept on the normal LRU, since scanning them is a waste of time and might throw off kswapd's balancing algorithms. Place them on the unevictable LRU list instead. Use the AS_UNEVICTABLE flag to mark address_space of SHM_LOCKed shared memory regions as unevictable. Then these pages will be culled off the normal LRU lists during vmscan. Add new wrapper function to clear the mapping's unevictable state when/if shared memory segment is munlocked. Add 'scan_mapping_unevictable_page()' to mm/vmscan.c to scan all pages in the shmem segment's mapping [struct address_space] for evictability now that they're no longer locked. If so, move them to the appropriate zone lru list. Changes depend on [CONFIG_]UNEVICTABLE_LRU. [kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com: revert shm change] Signed-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com> Signed-off-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Kosaki Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* ipc: get rid of ipc_lock_down()Nadia Derbey2008-07-25
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Remove the ipc_lock_down() routines: they used to call idr_find() locklessly (given that the ipc ids lock was already held), so they are not needed anymore. Signed-off-by: Nadia Derbey <Nadia.Derbey@bull.net> Acked-by: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@us.ibm.com> Cc: Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com> Cc: Jim Houston <jim.houston@comcast.net> Cc: Pierre Peiffer <peifferp@gmail.com> Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* hugetlb: modular state for hugetlb page sizeAndi Kleen2008-07-24
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The goal of this patchset is to support multiple hugetlb page sizes. This is achieved by introducing a new struct hstate structure, which encapsulates the important hugetlb state and constants (eg. huge page size, number of huge pages currently allocated, etc). The hstate structure is then passed around the code which requires these fields, they will do the right thing regardless of the exact hstate they are operating on. This patch adds the hstate structure, with a single global instance of it (default_hstate), and does the basic work of converting hugetlb to use the hstate. Future patches will add more hstate structures to allow for different hugetlbfs mounts to have different page sizes. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes] Acked-by: Adam Litke <agl@us.ibm.com> Acked-by: Nishanth Aravamudan <nacc@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* /proc/sysvipc/shm: fix 32-bit truncation of segment sizesPaul Menage2008-06-12
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | sysvipc_shm_proc_show() picks between format strings (based on the expected maximum length of a SHM segment) in a way that prevents gcc from performing format checks on the seq_printf() parameters. This hid two format errors - shp->shm_segsz and shp->shm_nattach are both unsigned long, but were being printed as unsigned int and signed int respectively. This leads to 32-bit truncation of SHM segment sizes reported in /proc/sysvipc/shm. (And for nattach, but that's less of a problem for most users). This patch makes the format string directly visible to gcc's format specifier checker, and fixes the two broken format specifiers. Signed-off-by: Paul Menage <menage@google.com> Cc: Nadia Derbey <Nadia.Derbey@bull.net> Cc: Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com> Cc: Pierre Peiffer <peifferp@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* shm: Remove silly double assignmentNeil Horman2008-06-10
| | | | | | | | Found a silly double assignment of err is do_shmat. Silly, but good to clean up the useless code. Signed-off-by: Neil Horman <nhorman@tuxdriver.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* IPC: consolidate all xxxctl_down() functionsPierre Peiffer2008-04-29
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | semctl_down(), msgctl_down() and shmctl_down() are used to handle the same set of commands for each kind of IPC. They all start to do the same job (they retrieve the ipc and do some permission checks) before handling the commands on their own. This patch proposes to consolidate this by moving these same pieces of code into one common function called ipcctl_pre_down(). It simplifies a little these xxxctl_down() functions and increases a little the maintainability. Signed-off-by: Pierre Peiffer <pierre.peiffer@bull.net> Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Cc: Nadia Derbey <Nadia.Derbey@bull.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* IPC: introduce ipc_update_perm()Pierre Peiffer2008-04-29
| | | | | | | | | | | | The IPC_SET command performs the same permission setting for all IPCs. This patch introduces a common ipc_update_perm() function to update these permissions and makes use of it for all IPCs. Signed-off-by: Pierre Peiffer <pierre.peiffer@bull.net> Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Cc: Nadia Derbey <Nadia.Derbey@bull.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* IPC: get rid of the use *_setbuf structure.Pierre Peiffer2008-04-29
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | All IPCs make use of an intermetiate *_setbuf structure to handle the IPC_SET command. This is not really needed and, moreover, it complicates a little bit the code. This patch gets rid of the use of it and uses directly the semid64_ds/ msgid64_ds/shmid64_ds structure. In addition of removing one struture declaration, it also simplifies and improves a little bit the common 64-bits path. Signed-off-by: Pierre Peiffer <pierre.peiffer@bull.net> Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Cc: Nadia Derbey <Nadia.Derbey@bull.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* IPC/shared memory: introduce shmctl_downPierre Peiffer2008-04-29
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Currently, the way the different commands are handled in sys_shmctl introduces some duplicated code. This patch introduces the shmctl_down function to handle all the commands requiring the rwmutex to be taken in write mode (ie IPC_SET and IPC_RMID for now). It is the equivalent function of semctl_down for shared memory. This removes some duplicated code for handling these both commands and harmonizes the way they are handled among all IPCs. Signed-off-by: Pierre Peiffer <pierre.peiffer@bull.net> Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Cc: Nadia Derbey <Nadia.Derbey@bull.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* IPC: use ipc_buildid() directly from ipc_addid()Pierre Peiffer2008-04-29
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | By continuing to consolidate a little the IPC code, each id can be built directly in ipc_addid() instead of having it built from each callers of ipc_addid() And I also remove shm_addid() in order to have, as much as possible, the same code for shm/sem/msg. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes] Signed-off-by: Pierre Peiffer <pierre.peiffer@bull.net> Cc: Nadia Derbey <Nadia.Derbey@bull.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mempolicy: rework mempolicy Reference Counting [yet again]Lee Schermerhorn2008-04-28
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | After further discussion with Christoph Lameter, it has become clear that my earlier attempts to clean up the mempolicy reference counting were a bit of overkill in some areas, resulting in superflous ref/unref in what are usually fast paths. In other areas, further inspection reveals that I botched the unref for interleave policies. A separate patch, suitable for upstream/stable trees, fixes up the known errors in the previous attempt to fix reference counting. This patch reworks the memory policy referencing counting and, one hopes, simplifies the code. Maybe I'll get it right this time. See the update to the numa_memory_policy.txt document for a discussion of memory policy reference counting that motivates this patch. Summary: Lookup of mempolicy, based on (vma, address) need only add a reference for shared policy, and we need only unref the policy when finished for shared policies. So, this patch backs out all of the unneeded extra reference counting added by my previous attempt. It then unrefs only shared policies when we're finished with them, using the mpol_cond_put() [conditional put] helper function introduced by this patch. Note that shmem_swapin() calls read_swap_cache_async() with a dummy vma containing just the policy. read_swap_cache_async() can call alloc_page_vma() multiple times, so we can't let alloc_page_vma() unref the shared policy in this case. To avoid this, we make a copy of any non-null shared policy and remove the MPOL_F_SHARED flag from the copy. This copy occurs before reading a page [or multiple pages] from swap, so the overhead should not be an issue here. I introduced a new static inline function "mpol_cond_copy()" to copy the shared policy to an on-stack policy and remove the flags that would require a conditional free. The current implementation of mpol_cond_copy() assumes that the struct mempolicy contains no pointers to dynamically allocated structures that must be duplicated or reference counted during copy. Signed-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mempolicy: fixup Fallback for Default Shmem PolicyLee Schermerhorn2008-04-28
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | get_vma_policy() is not handling fallback to task policy correctly when the get_policy() vm_op returns NULL. The NULL overwrites the 'pol' variable that was holding the fallback task mempolicy. So, it was falling back directly to system default policy. Fix get_vma_policy() to use only non-NULL policy returned from the vma get_policy op. shm_get_policy() was falling back to current task's mempolicy if the "backing file system" [tmpfs vs hugetlbfs] does not support the get_policy vm_op and the vma policy is null. This is incorrect for show_numa_maps() which is likely querying the numa_maps of some task other than current. Remove this fallback. Signed-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mempolicy: fix reference counting bugsLee Schermerhorn2008-03-10
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Address 3 known bugs in the current memory policy reference counting method. I have a series of patches to rework the reference counting to reduce overhead in the allocation path. However, that series will require testing in -mm once I repost it. 1) alloc_page_vma() does not release the extra reference taken for vma/shared mempolicy when the mode == MPOL_INTERLEAVE. This can result in leaking mempolicy structures. This is probably occurring, but not being noticed. Fix: add the conditional release of the reference. 2) hugezonelist unconditionally releases a reference on the mempolicy when mode == MPOL_INTERLEAVE. This can result in decrementing the reference count for system default policy [should have no ill effect] or premature freeing of task policy. If this occurred, the next allocation using task mempolicy would use the freed structure and probably BUG out. Fix: add the necessary check to the release. 3) The current reference counting method assumes that vma 'get_policy()' methods automatically add an extra reference a non-NULL returned mempolicy. This is true for shmem_get_policy() used by tmpfs mappings, including regular page shm segments. However, SHM_HUGETLB shm's, backed by hugetlbfs, just use the vma policy without the extra reference. This results in freeing of the vma policy on the first allocation, with reuse of the freed mempolicy structure on subsequent allocations. Fix: Rather than add another condition to the conditional reference release, which occur in the allocation path, just add a reference when returning the vma policy in shm_get_policy() to match the assumptions. Signed-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com> Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: <eric.whitney@hp.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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