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* [POWERPC] Introduce address space "slices"Benjamin Herrenschmidt2007-05-09
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The basic issue is to be able to do what hugetlbfs does but with different page sizes for some other special filesystems; more specifically, my need is: - Huge pages - SPE local store mappings using 64K pages on a 4K base page size kernel on Cell - Some special 4K segments in 64K-page kernels for mapping a dodgy type of powerpc-specific infiniband hardware that requires 4K MMU mappings for various reasons I won't explain here. The main issues are: - To maintain/keep track of the page size per "segment" (as we can only have one page size per segment on powerpc, which are 256MB divisions of the address space). - To make sure special mappings stay within their allotted "segments" (including MAP_FIXED crap) - To make sure everybody else doesn't mmap/brk/grow_stack into a "segment" that is used for a special mapping Some of the necessary mechanisms to handle that were present in the hugetlbfs code, but mostly in ways not suitable for anything else. The patch relies on some changes to the generic get_unmapped_area() that just got merged. It still hijacks hugetlb callbacks here or there as the generic code hasn't been entirely cleaned up yet but that shouldn't be a problem. So what is a slice ? Well, I re-used the mechanism used formerly by our hugetlbfs implementation which divides the address space in "meta-segments" which I called "slices". The division is done using 256MB slices below 4G, and 1T slices above. Thus the address space is divided currently into 16 "low" slices and 16 "high" slices. (Special case: high slice 0 is the area between 4G and 1T). Doing so simplifies significantly the tracking of segments and avoids having to keep track of all the 256MB segments in the address space. While I used the "concepts" of hugetlbfs, I mostly re-implemented everything in a more generic way and "ported" hugetlbfs to it. Slices can have an associated page size, which is encoded in the mmu context and used by the SLB miss handler to set the segment sizes. The hash code currently doesn't care, it has a specific check for hugepages, though I might add a mechanism to provide per-slice hash mapping functions in the future. The slice code provide a pair of "generic" get_unmapped_area() (bottomup and topdown) functions that should work with any slice size. There is some trickiness here so I would appreciate people to have a look at the implementation of these and let me know if I got something wrong. Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
* [POWERPC] Save trap number in bad_stackOlof Johansson2007-04-24
| | | | | | | | | Save the trap number in the case of getting a bad stack in an exception handler. It is sometimes useful to know what exception it was that caused this to happen. Without this, no trap number is reported. Signed-off-by: Olof Johansson <olof@lixom.net> Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
* [POWERPC] Minor paca optimisationStephen Rothwell2007-03-21
| | | | | | | | | | Move the slb_shadow_ptr field into the first cache line since it is (like everything there) read-only after boot. It is in fact statically initialised and thereafter only read. Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au> Acked-by: Michael Neuling <mikey@neuling.org> Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
* [POWERPC] Lazy interrupt disabling for 64-bit machinesPaul Mackerras2006-10-16
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This implements a lazy strategy for disabling interrupts. This means that local_irq_disable() et al. just clear the 'interrupts are enabled' flag in the paca. If an interrupt comes along, the interrupt entry code notices that interrupts are supposed to be disabled, and clears the EE bit in SRR1, clears the 'interrupts are hard-enabled' flag in the paca, and returns. This means that interrupts only actually get disabled in the processor when an interrupt comes along. When interrupts are enabled by local_irq_enable() et al., the code sets the interrupts-enabled flag in the paca, and then checks whether interrupts got hard-disabled. If so, it also sets the EE bit in the MSR to hard-enable the interrupts. This has the potential to improve performance, and also makes it easier to make a kernel that can boot on iSeries and on other 64-bit machines, since this lazy-disable strategy is very similar to the soft-disable strategy that iSeries already uses. This version renames paca->proc_enabled to paca->soft_enabled, and changes a couple of soft-disables in the kexec code to hard-disables, which should fix the crash that Michael Ellerman saw. This doesn't yet use a reserved CR field for the soft_enabled and hard_enabled flags. This applies on top of Stephen Rothwell's patches to make it possible to build a combined iSeries/other kernel. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
* Merge branch 'linux-2.6'Paul Mackerras2006-09-13
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| * [POWERPC] Fix MMIO ops to provide expected barrier behaviourPaul Mackerras2006-09-13
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This changes the writeX family of functions to have a sync instruction before the MMIO store rather than after, because the generally expected behaviour is that the device receiving the MMIO store can be guaranteed to see the effects of any preceding writes to normal memory. To preserve ordering between writeX and readX, and to preserve ordering between preceding stores and the readX, the readX family of functions have had an sync added before the load. Although writeX followed by spin_unlock is not officially guaranteed to keep the writeX inside the spin-locked region unless an mmiowb() is used, there are currently drivers that depend on the previous behaviour on powerpc, which was that the mmiowb wasn't actually required. Therefore we have a per-cpu flag that is set by writeX, cleared by __raw_spin_lock and mmiowb, and tested by __raw_spin_unlock. If it is set, __raw_spin_unlock does a sync and clears it. This changes both 32-bit and 64-bit readX/writeX. 32-bit already has a sync in __raw_spin_unlock (since lwsync doesn't exist on 32-bit), and thus doesn't need the per-cpu flag. Tested on G5 (PPC970) and POWER5. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
* | [POWERPC] Implement SLB shadow bufferMichael Neuling2006-08-08
|/ | | | | | | | | | | | This adds a shadow buffer for the SLBs and regsiters it with PHYP. Only the bolted SLB entries (top 3) are shadowed. The SLB shadow buffer tells the hypervisor what the kernel needs to have in the SLB for the kernel to be able to function. The hypervisor can use this information to speed up partition context switches. Signed-off-by: Michael Neuling <mikey@neuling.org> Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
* Merge git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/paulus/powerpcLinus Torvalds2006-06-23
|\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | * git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/paulus/powerpc: (139 commits) [POWERPC] re-enable OProfile for iSeries, using timer interrupt [POWERPC] support ibm,extended-*-frequency properties [POWERPC] Extra sanity check in EEH code [POWERPC] Dont look for class-code in pci children [POWERPC] Fix mdelay badness on shared processor partitions [POWERPC] disable floating point exceptions for init [POWERPC] Unify ppc syscall tables [POWERPC] mpic: add support for serial mode interrupts [POWERPC] pseries: Print PCI slot location code on failure [POWERPC] spufs: one more fix for 64k pages [POWERPC] spufs: fail spu_create with invalid flags [POWERPC] spufs: clear class2 interrupt status before wakeup [POWERPC] spufs: fix Makefile for "make clean" [POWERPC] spufs: remove stop_code from struct spu [POWERPC] spufs: fix spu irq affinity setting [POWERPC] spufs: further abstract priv1 register access [POWERPC] spufs: split the Cell BE support into generic and platform dependant parts [POWERPC] spufs: dont try to access SPE channel 1 count [POWERPC] spufs: use kzalloc in create_spu [POWERPC] spufs: fix initial state of wbox file ... Manually resolved conflicts in: drivers/net/phy/Makefile include/asm-powerpc/spu.h
| * powerpc: Use 64k pages without needing cache-inhibited large pagesPaul Mackerras2006-06-14
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Some POWER5+ machines can do 64k hardware pages for normal memory but not for cache-inhibited pages. This patch lets us use 64k hardware pages for most user processes on such machines (assuming the kernel has been configured with CONFIG_PPC_64K_PAGES=y). User processes start out using 64k pages and get switched to 4k pages if they use any non-cacheable mappings. With this, we use 64k pages for the vmalloc region and 4k pages for the imalloc region. If anything creates a non-cacheable mapping in the vmalloc region, the vmalloc region will get switched to 4k pages. I don't know of any driver other than the DRM that would do this, though, and these machines don't have AGP. When a region gets switched from 64k pages to 4k pages, we do not have to clear out all the 64k HPTEs from the hash table immediately. We use the _PAGE_COMBO bit in the Linux PTE to indicate whether the page was hashed in as a 64k page or a set of 4k pages. If hash_page is trying to insert a 4k page for a Linux PTE and it sees that it has already been inserted as a 64k page, it first invalidates the 64k HPTE before inserting the 4k HPTE. The hash invalidation routines also use the _PAGE_COMBO bit, to determine whether to look for a 64k HPTE or a set of 4k HPTEs to remove. With those two changes, we can tolerate a mix of 4k and 64k HPTEs in the hash table, and they will all get removed when the address space is torn down. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
| * powerpc: Remove unused paca->pgdir fieldPaul Mackerras2006-06-12
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | The pgdir field in the paca was a leftover from the dynamic VSIDs patch, and is not used in the current kernel code. This removes it. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
* | Don't include linux/config.h from anywhere else in include/David Woodhouse2006-04-26
|/ | | | Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
* [PATCH] powerpc: Allow non zero boot cpuidsAnton Blanchard2006-03-26
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | We currently have a hack to flip the boot cpu and its secondary thread to logical cpuid 0 and 1. This means the logical - physical mapping will differ depending on which cpu is boot cpu. This is most apparent on kexec, where we might kexec on any cpu and therefore change the mapping from boot to boot. The patch below does a first pass early on to work out the logical cpuid of the boot thread. We then fix up some paca structures to match. Ive also removed the boot_cpuid_phys variable for ppc64, to be consistent we use get_hard_smp_processor_id(boot_cpuid) everywhere. Signed-off-by: Anton Blanchard <anton@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
* powerpc: Implement accurate task and CPU time accountingPaul Mackerras2006-02-23
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This implements accurate task and cpu time accounting for 64-bit powerpc kernels. Instead of accounting a whole jiffy of time to a task on a timer interrupt because that task happened to be running at the time, we now account time in units of timebase ticks according to the actual time spent by the task in user mode and kernel mode. We also count the time spent processing hardware and software interrupts accurately. This is conditional on CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING. If that is not set, we do tick-based approximate accounting as before. To get this accurate information, we read either the PURR (processor utilization of resources register) on POWER5 machines, or the timebase on other machines on * each entry to the kernel from usermode * each exit to usermode * transitions between process context, hard irq context and soft irq context in kernel mode * context switches. On POWER5 systems with shared-processor logical partitioning we also read both the PURR and the timebase at each timer interrupt and context switch in order to determine how much time has been taken by the hypervisor to run other partitions ("steal" time). Unfortunately, since we need values of the PURR on both threads at the same time to accurately calculate the steal time, and since we can only calculate steal time on a per-core basis, the apportioning of the steal time between idle time (time which we ceded to the hypervisor in the idle loop) and actual stolen time is somewhat approximate at the moment. This is all based quite heavily on what s390 does, and it uses the generic interfaces that were added by the s390 developers, i.e. account_system_time(), account_user_time(), etc. This patch doesn't add any new interfaces between the kernel and userspace, and doesn't change the units in which time is reported to userspace by things such as /proc/stat, /proc/<pid>/stat, getrusage(), times(), etc. Internally the various task and cpu times are stored in timebase units, but they are converted to USER_HZ units (1/100th of a second) when reported to userspace. Some precision is therefore lost but there should not be any accumulating error, since the internal accumulation is at full precision. Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
* [PATCH] powerpc: trivial: modify comments to refer to new location of filesJon Mason2006-02-10
| | | | | | | | | This patch removes all self references and fixes references to files in the now defunct arch/ppc64 tree. I think this accomplises everything wanted, though there might be a few references I missed. Signed-off-by: Jon Mason <jdmason@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
* [PATCH] powerpc: Remove lppaca structure from the PACADavid Gibson2006-01-13
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | At present the lppaca - the structure shared with the iSeries hypervisor and phyp - is contained within the PACA, our own low-level per-cpu structure. This doesn't have to be so, the patch below removes it, making a separate array of lppaca structures. This saves approximately 500*NR_CPUS bytes of image size and kernel memory, because we don't need aligning gap between the Linux and hypervisor portions of every PACA. On the other hand it means an extra level of dereference in many accesses to the lppaca. The patch also gets rid of several places where we assign the paca address to a local variable for no particular reason. Signed-off-by: David Gibson <dwg@au1.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
* [PATCH] powerpc/64: per cpu data optimisationsAnton Blanchard2006-01-10
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The current ppc64 per cpu data implementation is quite slow. eg: lhz 11,18(13) /* smp_processor_id() */ ld 9,.LC63-.LCTOC1(30) /* per_cpu__variable_name */ ld 8,.LC61-.LCTOC1(30) /* __per_cpu_offset */ sldi 11,11,3 /* form index into __per_cpu_offset */ mr 10,9 ldx 9,11,8 /* __per_cpu_offset[smp_processor_id()] */ ldx 0,10,9 /* load per cpu data */ 5 loads for something that is supposed to be fast, pretty awful. One reason for the large number of loads is that we have to synthesize 2 64bit constants (per_cpu__variable_name and __per_cpu_offset). By putting __per_cpu_offset into the paca we can avoid the 2 loads associated with it: ld 11,56(13) /* paca->data_offset */ ld 9,.LC59-.LCTOC1(30) /* per_cpu__variable_name */ ldx 0,9,11 /* load per cpu data Longer term we can should be able to do even better than 3 loads. If per_cpu__variable_name wasnt a 64bit constant and paca->data_offset was in a register we could cut it down to one load. A suggestion from Rusty is to use gcc's __thread extension here. In order to do this we would need to free up r13 (the __thread register and where the paca currently is). So far Ive had a few unsuccessful attempts at doing that :) The patch also allocates per cpu memory node local on NUMA machines. This patch from Rusty has been sitting in my queue _forever_ but stalled when I hit the compiler bug. Sorry about that. Finally I also only allocate per cpu data for possible cpus, which comes straight out of the x86-64 port. On a pseries kernel (with NR_CPUS == 128) and 4 possible cpus we see some nice gains: total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 4012228 212860 3799368 0 0 162424 total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 4016200 212984 3803216 0 0 162424 A saving of 3.75MB. Quite nice for smaller machines. Note: we now have to be careful of per cpu users that touch data for !possible cpus. At this stage it might be worth making the NUMA and possible cpu optimisations generic, but per cpu init is done so early we have to be careful that all architectures have their possible map setup correctly. Signed-off-by: Anton Blanchard <anton@samba.org> Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
* [PATCH] powerpc: sanitize header files for user space includesArnd Bergmann2006-01-08
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | include/asm-ppc/ had #ifdef __KERNEL__ in all header files that are not meant for use by user space, include/asm-powerpc does not have this yet. This patch gets us a lot closer there. There are a few cases where I was not sure, so I left them out. I have verified that no CONFIG_* symbols are used outside of __KERNEL__ any more and that there are no obvious compile errors when including any of the headers in user space libraries. Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
* [PATCH] powerpc: Remove some unneeded fields from the pacaDavid Gibson2006-01-08
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This patch removes several unnecessary fields from the paca: - next_jiffy_update_tb was simply unused. Remove trivially. - The exdsi exception save area was not used. There were plans to use it, but they never seem to have gone anywhere. If they ever do, we can put it back. Remove from the paca, and from asm-offsets.c - The default_decr field was used from asm, but was only ever assigned the value of tb_ticks_per_jiffy. Just access tb_ticks_per_jiffy from asm directly instead. Built and booted on POWER5 LPAR and iSeries RS64. Signed-off-by: David Gibson <dwg@au1.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
* [PATCH] powerpc: Remove ItLpRegSave area from the pacaDavid Gibson2006-01-08
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | On iSeries, the paca contains, amongst other things an ItLpRegSave structure used by the hypervisor to save registers. The hypervisor locates this area through a pointer at the beginning of the paca, so the structure itself can be located elsewhere. This patch moves the reg_save area out into its own array. This reduces the amount of iSeries specific gunk which is visible to general powerpc code via paca.h Built and booted on POWER5 LPAR and iSeries RS64. Signed-off-by: David Gibson <dwg@au1.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
* [PATCH] powerpc: Move various ppc64 files with no ppc32 equivalent to powerpcDavid Gibson2005-11-09
This patch moves a bunch of files from arch/ppc64 and include/asm-ppc64 which have no equivalents in ppc32 code into arch/powerpc and include/asm-powerpc. The file affected are: abs_addr.h compat.h lppaca.h paca.h tce.h cpu_setup_power4.S ioctl32.c firmware.c pacaData.c The only changes apart from the move and corresponding Makefile changes are: - #ifndef/#define in includes updated to _ASM_POWERPC_ form - trailing whitespace removed - comments giving full paths removed - pacaData.c renamed paca.c to remove studlyCaps - Misplaced { moved in lppaca.h Built and booted on POWER5 LPAR (ARCH=powerpc and ARCH=ppc64), built for 32-bit powermac (ARCH=powerpc). Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au> Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>