| Commit message (Collapse) | Author | Age |
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The kernel has no concept of capabilities with respect to inodes; inodes
exist independently of namespaces. For example, inode_capable(inode,
CAP_LINUX_IMMUTABLE) would be nonsense.
This patch changes inode_capable to check for uid and gid mappings and
renames it to capable_wrt_inode_uidgid, which should make it more
obvious what it does.
Fixes CVE-2014-4014.
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@ubuntu.com>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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This typedef is unnecessary and should just be removed.
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4
Pull ext4 updates from Ted Ts'o:
"Major changes for 3.14 include support for the newly added ZERO_RANGE
and COLLAPSE_RANGE fallocate operations, and scalability improvements
in the jbd2 layer and in xattr handling when the extended attributes
spill over into an external block.
Other than that, the usual clean ups and minor bug fixes"
* tag 'ext4_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4: (42 commits)
ext4: fix premature freeing of partial clusters split across leaf blocks
ext4: remove unneeded test of ret variable
ext4: fix comment typo
ext4: make ext4_block_zero_page_range static
ext4: atomically set inode->i_flags in ext4_set_inode_flags()
ext4: optimize Hurd tests when reading/writing inodes
ext4: kill i_version support for Hurd-castrated file systems
ext4: each filesystem creates and uses its own mb_cache
fs/mbcache.c: doucple the locking of local from global data
fs/mbcache.c: change block and index hash chain to hlist_bl_node
ext4: Introduce FALLOC_FL_ZERO_RANGE flag for fallocate
ext4: refactor ext4_fallocate code
ext4: Update inode i_size after the preallocation
ext4: fix partial cluster handling for bigalloc file systems
ext4: delete path dealloc code in ext4_ext_handle_uninitialized_extents
ext4: only call sync_filesystm() when remounting read-only
fs: push sync_filesystem() down to the file system's remount_fs()
jbd2: improve error messages for inconsistent journal heads
jbd2: minimize region locked by j_list_lock in jbd2_journal_forget()
jbd2: minimize region locked by j_list_lock in journal_get_create_access()
...
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Use cmpxchg() to atomically set i_flags instead of clearing out the
S_IMMUTABLE, S_APPEND, etc. flags and then setting them from the
EXT4_IMMUTABLE_FL, EXT4_APPEND_FL flags, since this opens up a race
where an immutable file has the immutable flag cleared for a brief
window of time.
Reported-by: John Sullivan <jsrhbz@kanargh.force9.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mszeredi/vfs
Pull renameat2 system call from Miklos Szeredi:
"This adds a new syscall, renameat2(), which is the same as renameat()
but with a flags argument.
The purpose of extending rename is to add cross-rename, a symmetric
variant of rename, which exchanges the two files. This allows
interesting things, which were not possible before, for example
atomically replacing a directory tree with a symlink, etc... This
also allows overlayfs and friends to operate on whiteouts atomically.
Andy Lutomirski also suggested a "noreplace" flag, which disables the
overwriting behavior of rename.
These two flags, RENAME_EXCHANGE and RENAME_NOREPLACE are only
implemented for ext4 as an example and for testing"
* 'cross-rename' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mszeredi/vfs:
ext4: add cross rename support
ext4: rename: split out helper functions
ext4: rename: move EMLINK check up
ext4: rename: create ext4_renament structure for local vars
vfs: add cross-rename
vfs: lock_two_nondirectories: allow directory args
security: add flags to rename hooks
vfs: add RENAME_NOREPLACE flag
vfs: add renameat2 syscall
vfs: rename: use common code for dir and non-dir
vfs: rename: move d_move() up
vfs: add d_is_dir()
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lock_two_nondirectories warned if either of its args was a directory.
Instead just ignore the directory args. This is needed for locking in
cross rename.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@suse.cz>
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Reclaim will be leaving shadow entries in the page cache radix tree upon
evicting the real page. As those pages are found from the LRU, an
iput() can lead to the inode being freed concurrently. At this point,
reclaim must no longer install shadow pages because the inode freeing
code needs to ensure the page tree is really empty.
Add an address_space flag, AS_EXITING, that the inode freeing code sets
under the tree lock before doing the final truncate. Reclaim will check
for this flag before installing shadow pages.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Bob Liu <bob.liu@oracle.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Luigi Semenzato <semenzato@google.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Metin Doslu <metin@citusdata.com>
Cc: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Ozgun Erdogan <ozgun@citusdata.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <klamm@yandex-team.ru>
Cc: Ryan Mallon <rmallon@gmail.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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NFSv4 uses leases to guarantee that clients can cache metadata as well
as data.
Cc: Mikulas Patocka <mikulas@artax.karlin.mff.cuni.cz>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Tyler Hicks <tyhicks@canonical.com>
Cc: Dustin Kirkland <dustin.kirkland@gazzang.com>
Acked-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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I_MUTEX_QUOTA is now just being used whenever we want to lock two
non-directories. So the name isn't right. I_MUTEX_NONDIR2 isn't
especially elegant but it's the best I could think of.
Also fix some outdated documentation.
Acked-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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Reserve I_MUTEX_PARENT and I_MUTEX_CHILD for locking of actual
directories.
(Also I_MUTEX_QUOTA isn't really a meaningful name for this locking
class any more; fixed in a later patch.)
Acked-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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We want to do this elsewhere as well.
Also catch any attempts to use it for directories (where this ordering
would conflict with ancestor-first directory ordering in lock_rename).
Cc: Andreas Dilger <adilger.kernel@dilger.ca>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Acked-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Acked-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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Now that the shrinker is passing a node in the scan control structure, we
can pass this to the the generic LRU list code to isolate reclaim to the
lists on matching nodes.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Glauber Costa <glommer@parallels.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Artem Bityutskiy <artem.bityutskiy@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Arve Hjønnevåg <arve@android.com>
Cc: Carlos Maiolino <cmaiolino@redhat.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Cc: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Gleb Natapov <gleb@redhat.com>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Jerome Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Kent Overstreet <koverstreet@google.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Marcelo Tosatti <mtosatti@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com>
Cc: Thomas Hellstrom <thellstrom@vmware.com>
Cc: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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When removing an element from the lru, this will be done today after the lock
is released. This is a clear mistake, although we are not sure if the bugs we
are seeing are related to this. All list manipulations are done inside the
lock, and so should this one.
Signed-off-by: Glauber Costa <glommer@openvz.org>
Tested-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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[glommer@openvz.org: adapted for new LRU return codes]
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Glauber Costa <glommer@openvz.org>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Artem Bityutskiy <artem.bityutskiy@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Arve Hjønnevåg <arve@android.com>
Cc: Carlos Maiolino <cmaiolino@redhat.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Cc: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Gleb Natapov <gleb@redhat.com>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Jerome Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Kent Overstreet <koverstreet@google.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Marcelo Tosatti <mtosatti@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com>
Cc: Thomas Hellstrom <thellstrom@vmware.com>
Cc: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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Convert superblock shrinker to use the new count/scan API, and propagate
the API changes through to the filesystem callouts. The filesystem
callouts already use a count/scan API, so it's just changing counters to
longs to match the VM API.
This requires the dentry and inode shrinker callouts to be converted to
the count/scan API. This is mainly a mechanical change.
[glommer@openvz.org: use mult_frac for fractional proportions, build fixes]
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Glauber Costa <glommer@openvz.org>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Artem Bityutskiy <artem.bityutskiy@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Arve Hjønnevåg <arve@android.com>
Cc: Carlos Maiolino <cmaiolino@redhat.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Cc: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Gleb Natapov <gleb@redhat.com>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Jerome Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Kent Overstreet <koverstreet@google.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Marcelo Tosatti <mtosatti@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com>
Cc: Thomas Hellstrom <thellstrom@vmware.com>
Cc: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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This series reworks our current object cache shrinking infrastructure in
two main ways:
* Noticing that a lot of users copy and paste their own version of LRU
lists for objects, we put some effort in providing a generic version.
It is modeled after the filesystem users: dentries, inodes, and xfs
(for various tasks), but we expect that other users could benefit in
the near future with little or no modification. Let us know if you
have any issues.
* The underlying list_lru being proposed automatically and
transparently keeps the elements in per-node lists, and is able to
manipulate the node lists individually. Given this infrastructure, we
are able to modify the up-to-now hammer called shrink_slab to proceed
with node-reclaim instead of always searching memory from all over like
it has been doing.
Per-node lru lists are also expected to lead to less contention in the lru
locks on multi-node scans, since we are now no longer fighting for a
global lock. The locks usually disappear from the profilers with this
change.
Although we have no official benchmarks for this version - be our guest to
independently evaluate this - earlier versions of this series were
performance tested (details at
http://permalink.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel.mm/100537) yielding no
visible performance regressions while yielding a better qualitative
behavior in NUMA machines.
With this infrastructure in place, we can use the list_lru entry point to
provide memcg isolation and per-memcg targeted reclaim. Historically,
those two pieces of work have been posted together. This version presents
only the infrastructure work, deferring the memcg work for a later time,
so we can focus on getting this part tested. You can see more about the
history of such work at http://lwn.net/Articles/552769/
Dave Chinner (18):
dcache: convert dentry_stat.nr_unused to per-cpu counters
dentry: move to per-sb LRU locks
dcache: remove dentries from LRU before putting on dispose list
mm: new shrinker API
shrinker: convert superblock shrinkers to new API
list: add a new LRU list type
inode: convert inode lru list to generic lru list code.
dcache: convert to use new lru list infrastructure
list_lru: per-node list infrastructure
shrinker: add node awareness
fs: convert inode and dentry shrinking to be node aware
xfs: convert buftarg LRU to generic code
xfs: rework buffer dispose list tracking
xfs: convert dquot cache lru to list_lru
fs: convert fs shrinkers to new scan/count API
drivers: convert shrinkers to new count/scan API
shrinker: convert remaining shrinkers to count/scan API
shrinker: Kill old ->shrink API.
Glauber Costa (7):
fs: bump inode and dentry counters to long
super: fix calculation of shrinkable objects for small numbers
list_lru: per-node API
vmscan: per-node deferred work
i915: bail out earlier when shrinker cannot acquire mutex
hugepage: convert huge zero page shrinker to new shrinker API
list_lru: dynamically adjust node arrays
This patch:
There are situations in very large machines in which we can have a large
quantity of dirty inodes, unused dentries, etc. This is particularly true
when umounting a filesystem, where eventually since every live object will
eventually be discarded.
Dave Chinner reported a problem with this while experimenting with the
shrinker revamp patchset. So we believe it is time for a change. This
patch just moves int to longs. Machines where it matters should have a
big long anyway.
Signed-off-by: Glauber Costa <glommer@openvz.org>
Cc: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Artem Bityutskiy <artem.bityutskiy@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Arve Hjønnevåg <arve@android.com>
Cc: Carlos Maiolino <cmaiolino@redhat.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Cc: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
Cc: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Gleb Natapov <gleb@redhat.com>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Jerome Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Kent Overstreet <koverstreet@google.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Marcelo Tosatti <mtosatti@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com>
Cc: Thomas Hellstrom <thellstrom@vmware.com>
Cc: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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O_TMPFILE | O_CREAT => linkat() with AT_SYMLINK_FOLLOW and /proc/self/fd/<n>
as oldpath (i.e. flink()) will create a link
O_TMPFILE | O_CREAT | O_EXCL => ENOENT on attempt to link those guys
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs
Pull VFS updates from Al Viro,
Misc cleanups all over the place, mainly wrt /proc interfaces (switch
create_proc_entry to proc_create(), get rid of the deprecated
create_proc_read_entry() in favor of using proc_create_data() and
seq_file etc).
7kloc removed.
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs: (204 commits)
don't bother with deferred freeing of fdtables
proc: Move non-public stuff from linux/proc_fs.h to fs/proc/internal.h
proc: Make the PROC_I() and PDE() macros internal to procfs
proc: Supply a function to remove a proc entry by PDE
take cgroup_open() and cpuset_open() to fs/proc/base.c
ppc: Clean up scanlog
ppc: Clean up rtas_flash driver somewhat
hostap: proc: Use remove_proc_subtree()
drm: proc: Use remove_proc_subtree()
drm: proc: Use minor->index to label things, not PDE->name
drm: Constify drm_proc_list[]
zoran: Don't print proc_dir_entry data in debug
reiserfs: Don't access the proc_dir_entry in r_open(), r_start() r_show()
proc: Supply an accessor for getting the data from a PDE's parent
airo: Use remove_proc_subtree()
rtl8192u: Don't need to save device proc dir PDE
rtl8187se: Use a dir under /proc/net/r8180/
proc: Add proc_mkdir_data()
proc: Move some bits from linux/proc_fs.h to linux/{of.h,signal.h,tty.h}
proc: Move PDE_NET() to fs/proc/proc_net.c
...
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Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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Revert commit 62a3ddef6181 ("vfs: fix spinning prevention in prune_icache_sb").
This commit doesn't look right: since we are looking at the tail of the
list (sb->s_inode_lru.prev) if we want to skip an inode, we should put
it back at the head of the list instead of the tail, otherwise we will
keep spinning on it.
Discovered when investigating why prune_icache_sb came top in perf
reports of a swapping load.
Signed-off-by: Suleiman Souhlal <suleiman@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v3.2+
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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I'm not sure why, but the hlist for each entry iterators were conceived
list_for_each_entry(pos, head, member)
The hlist ones were greedy and wanted an extra parameter:
hlist_for_each_entry(tpos, pos, head, member)
Why did they need an extra pos parameter? I'm not quite sure. Not only
they don't really need it, it also prevents the iterator from looking
exactly like the list iterator, which is unfortunate.
Besides the semantic patch, there was some manual work required:
- Fix up the actual hlist iterators in linux/list.h
- Fix up the declaration of other iterators based on the hlist ones.
- A very small amount of places were using the 'node' parameter, this
was modified to use 'obj->member' instead.
- Coccinelle didn't handle the hlist_for_each_entry_safe iterator
properly, so those had to be fixed up manually.
The semantic patch which is mostly the work of Peter Senna Tschudin is here:
@@
iterator name hlist_for_each_entry, hlist_for_each_entry_continue, hlist_for_each_entry_from, hlist_for_each_entry_rcu, hlist_for_each_entry_rcu_bh, hlist_for_each_entry_continue_rcu_bh, for_each_busy_worker, ax25_uid_for_each, ax25_for_each, inet_bind_bucket_for_each, sctp_for_each_hentry, sk_for_each, sk_for_each_rcu, sk_for_each_from, sk_for_each_safe, sk_for_each_bound, hlist_for_each_entry_safe, hlist_for_each_entry_continue_rcu, nr_neigh_for_each, nr_neigh_for_each_safe, nr_node_for_each, nr_node_for_each_safe, for_each_gfn_indirect_valid_sp, for_each_gfn_sp, for_each_host;
type T;
expression a,c,d,e;
identifier b;
statement S;
@@
-T b;
<+... when != b
(
hlist_for_each_entry(a,
- b,
c, d) S
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hlist_for_each_entry_continue(a,
- b,
c) S
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hlist_for_each_entry_from(a,
- b,
c) S
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hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(a,
- b,
c, d) S
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hlist_for_each_entry_rcu_bh(a,
- b,
c, d) S
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hlist_for_each_entry_continue_rcu_bh(a,
- b,
c) S
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for_each_busy_worker(a, c,
- b,
d) S
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ax25_uid_for_each(a,
- b,
c) S
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ax25_for_each(a,
- b,
c) S
|
inet_bind_bucket_for_each(a,
- b,
c) S
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sctp_for_each_hentry(a,
- b,
c) S
|
sk_for_each(a,
- b,
c) S
|
sk_for_each_rcu(a,
- b,
c) S
|
sk_for_each_from
-(a, b)
+(a)
S
+ sk_for_each_from(a) S
|
sk_for_each_safe(a,
- b,
c, d) S
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sk_for_each_bound(a,
- b,
c) S
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hlist_for_each_entry_safe(a,
- b,
c, d, e) S
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hlist_for_each_entry_continue_rcu(a,
- b,
c) S
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nr_neigh_for_each(a,
- b,
c) S
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nr_neigh_for_each_safe(a,
- b,
c, d) S
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nr_node_for_each(a,
- b,
c) S
|
nr_node_for_each_safe(a,
- b,
c, d) S
|
- for_each_gfn_sp(a, c, d, b) S
+ for_each_gfn_sp(a, c, d) S
|
- for_each_gfn_indirect_valid_sp(a, c, d, b) S
+ for_each_gfn_indirect_valid_sp(a, c, d) S
|
for_each_host(a,
- b,
c) S
|
for_each_host_safe(a,
- b,
c, d) S
|
for_each_mesh_entry(a,
- b,
c, d) S
)
...+>
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: drop bogus change from net/ipv4/raw.c]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: drop bogus hunk from net/ipv6/raw.c]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: checkpatch fixes]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix warnings]
[akpm@linux-foudnation.org: redo intrusive kvm changes]
Tested-by: Peter Senna Tschudin <peter.senna@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: Marcelo Tosatti <mtosatti@redhat.com>
Cc: Gleb Natapov <gleb@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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Overhaul struct address_space.assoc_mapping renaming it to
address_space.private_data and its type is redefined to void*. By this
approach we consistently name the .private_* elements from struct
address_space as well as allow extended usage for address_space
association with other data structures through ->private_data.
Also, all users of old ->assoc_mapping element are converted to reflect
its new name and type change (->private_data).
Signed-off-by: Rafael Aquini <aquini@redhat.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: "Michael S. Tsirkin" <mst@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Commit 169ebd90131b ("writeback: Avoid iput() from flusher thread")
removed iget-iput pair from inode writeback. As a side effect, inodes
that are dirty during iput_final() call won't be ever added to inode LRU
(iput_final() doesn't add dirty inodes to LRU and later when the inode
is cleaned there's noone to add the inode there). Thus inodes are
effectively unreclaimable until someone looks them up again.
The practical effect of this bug is limited by the fact that inodes are
pinned by a dentry for long enough that the inode gets cleaned. But
still the bug can have nasty consequences leading up to OOM conditions
under certain circumstances. Following can easily reproduce the
problem:
for (( i = 0; i < 1000; i++ )); do
mkdir $i
for (( j = 0; j < 1000; j++ )); do
touch $i/$j
echo 2 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
done
done
then one needs to run 'sync; ls -lR' to make inodes reclaimable again.
We fix the issue by inserting unused clean inodes into the LRU after
writeback finishes in inode_sync_complete().
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Reported-by: OGAWA Hirofumi <hirofumi@mail.parknet.co.jp>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: OGAWA Hirofumi <hirofumi@mail.parknet.co.jp>
Cc: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [3.5+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Implement an interval tree as a replacement for the VMA prio_tree. The
algorithms are similar to lib/interval_tree.c; however that code can't be
directly reused as the interval endpoints are not explicitly stored in the
VMA. So instead, the common algorithm is moved into a template and the
details (node type, how to get interval endpoints from the node, etc) are
filled in using the C preprocessor.
Once the interval tree functions are available, using them as a
replacement to the VMA prio tree is a relatively simple, mechanical job.
Signed-off-by: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs
Pull second vfs pile from Al Viro:
"The stuff in there: fsfreeze deadlock fixes by Jan (essentially, the
deadlock reproduced by xfstests 068), symlink and hardlink restriction
patches, plus assorted cleanups and fixes.
Note that another fsfreeze deadlock (emergency thaw one) is *not*
dealt with - the series by Fernando conflicts a lot with Jan's, breaks
userland ABI (FIFREEZE semantics gets changed) and trades the deadlock
for massive vfsmount leak; this is going to be handled next cycle.
There probably will be another pull request, but that stuff won't be
in it."
Fix up trivial conflicts due to unrelated changes next to each other in
drivers/{staging/gdm72xx/usb_boot.c, usb/gadget/storage_common.c}
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs: (54 commits)
delousing target_core_file a bit
Documentation: Correct s_umount state for freeze_fs/unfreeze_fs
fs: Remove old freezing mechanism
ext2: Implement freezing
btrfs: Convert to new freezing mechanism
nilfs2: Convert to new freezing mechanism
ntfs: Convert to new freezing mechanism
fuse: Convert to new freezing mechanism
gfs2: Convert to new freezing mechanism
ocfs2: Convert to new freezing mechanism
xfs: Convert to new freezing code
ext4: Convert to new freezing mechanism
fs: Protect write paths by sb_start_write - sb_end_write
fs: Skip atime update on frozen filesystem
fs: Add freezing handling to mnt_want_write() / mnt_drop_write()
fs: Improve filesystem freezing handling
switch the protection of percpu_counter list to spinlock
nfsd: Push mnt_want_write() outside of i_mutex
btrfs: Push mnt_want_write() outside of i_mutex
fat: Push mnt_want_write() outside of i_mutex
...
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It is unexpected to block reading of frozen filesystem because of atime update.
Also handling blocking on frozen filesystem because of atime update would make
locking more complex than it already is. So just skip atime update when
filesystem is frozen like we skip it when filesystem is remounted read-only.
BugLink: https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/897421
Tested-by: Kamal Mostafa <kamal@canonical.com>
Tested-by: Peter M. Petrakis <peter.petrakis@canonical.com>
Tested-by: Dann Frazier <dann.frazier@canonical.com>
Tested-by: Massimo Morana <massimo.morana@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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Most of places where we want freeze protection coincides with the places where
we also have remount-ro protection. So make mnt_want_write() and
mnt_drop_write() (and their _file alternative) prevent freezing as well.
For the few cases that are really interested only in remount-ro protection
provide new function variants.
BugLink: https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/897421
Tested-by: Kamal Mostafa <kamal@canonical.com>
Tested-by: Peter M. Petrakis <peter.petrakis@canonical.com>
Tested-by: Dann Frazier <dann.frazier@canonical.com>
Tested-by: Massimo Morana <massimo.morana@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mason/linux-btrfs
Pull large btrfs update from Chris Mason:
"This pull request is very large, and the two main features in here
have been under testing/devel for quite a while.
We have subvolume quotas from the strato developers. This enables
full tracking of how many blocks are allocated to each subvolume (and
all snapshots) and you can set limits on a per-subvolume basis. You
can also create quota groups and toss multiple subvolumes into a big
group. It's everything you need to be a web hosting company and give
each user their own subvolume.
The userland side of the quotas is being refreshed, they'll send out
details on where to grab it soon.
Next is the kernel side of btrfs send/receive from Alexander Block.
This leverages the same infrastructure as the quota code to figure out
relationships between blocks and their owners. It can then compute
the difference between two snapshots and sends the diffs in a neutral
format into userland.
The basic model:
create a snapshot
send that snapshot as the initial backup
make changes
create a second snapshot
send the incremental as a backup
delete the first snapshot
(use the second snapshot for the next incremental)
The receive portion is all in userland, and in the 'next' branch of my
btrfs-progs repo.
There's still some work to do in terms of optimizing the send side
from kernel to userland. The really important part is figuring out
how two snapshots are different, and this is where we are
concentrating right now. The initial send of a dataset is a little
slower than tar, but the incremental sends are dramatically faster
than what rsync can do.
On top of all of that, we have a nice queue of fixes, cleanups and
optimizations."
Fix up trivial modify/del conflict in fs/btrfs/ioctl.c
Also fix up semantic conflict in fs/btrfs/send.c: the interface to
dentry_open() changed in commit 765927b2d508 ("switch dentry_open() to
struct path, make it grab references itself"), and since it now grabs
whatever references it needs, we should no longer do the mntget() on the
mnt (and we need to dput() the dentry reference we took).
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mason/linux-btrfs: (65 commits)
Btrfs: uninit variable fixes in send/receive
Btrfs: introduce BTRFS_IOC_SEND for btrfs send/receive
Btrfs: add btrfs_compare_trees function
Btrfs: introduce subvol uuids and times
Btrfs: make iref_to_path non static
Btrfs: add a barrier before a waitqueue_active check
Btrfs: call the ordered free operation without any locks held
Btrfs: Check INCOMPAT flags on remount and add helper function
Btrfs: add helper for tree enumeration
btrfs: allow cross-subvolume file clone
Btrfs: improve multi-thread buffer read
Btrfs: make btrfs's allocation smoothly with preallocation
Btrfs: lock the transition from dirty to writeback for an eb
Btrfs: fix potential race in extent buffer freeing
Btrfs: don't return true in releasepage unless we actually freed the eb
Btrfs: suppress printk() if all device I/O stats are zero
Btrfs: remove unwanted printk() for btrfs device I/O stats
Btrfs: rewrite BTRFS_SETGET_FUNCS
Btrfs: zero unused bytes in inode item
Btrfs: kill free_space pointer from inode structure
...
Conflicts:
fs/btrfs/ioctl.c
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Before the update_time inode operation was indroduced, it was
not possible to prevent updates of atime on RO subvolumes. VFS
was only able to check for RO on the mount, but did not know
anything about btrfs subvolumes.
btrfs_update_time does now check if the root is RO and skip
updating of times.
Signed-off-by: Alexander Block <ablock84@googlemail.com>
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Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs
Pull vfs changes from Al Viro.
"A lot of misc stuff. The obvious groups:
* Miklos' atomic_open series; kills the damn abuse of
->d_revalidate() by NFS, which was the major stumbling block for
all work in that area.
* ripping security_file_mmap() and dealing with deadlocks in the
area; sanitizing the neighborhood of vm_mmap()/vm_munmap() in
general.
* ->encode_fh() switched to saner API; insane fake dentry in
mm/cleancache.c gone.
* assorted annotations in fs (endianness, __user)
* parts of Artem's ->s_dirty work (jff2 and reiserfs parts)
* ->update_time() work from Josef.
* other bits and pieces all over the place.
Normally it would've been in two or three pull requests, but
signal.git stuff had eaten a lot of time during this cycle ;-/"
Fix up trivial conflicts in Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt (the
'truncate_range' inode method was removed by the VM changes, the VFS
update adds an 'update_time()' method), and in fs/btrfs/ulist.[ch] (due
to sparse fix added twice, with other changes nearby).
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs: (95 commits)
nfs: don't open in ->d_revalidate
vfs: retry last component if opening stale dentry
vfs: nameidata_to_filp(): don't throw away file on error
vfs: nameidata_to_filp(): inline __dentry_open()
vfs: do_dentry_open(): don't put filp
vfs: split __dentry_open()
vfs: do_last() common post lookup
vfs: do_last(): add audit_inode before open
vfs: do_last(): only return EISDIR for O_CREAT
vfs: do_last(): check LOOKUP_DIRECTORY
vfs: do_last(): make ENOENT exit RCU safe
vfs: make follow_link check RCU safe
vfs: do_last(): use inode variable
vfs: do_last(): inline walk_component()
vfs: do_last(): make exit RCU safe
vfs: split do_lookup()
Btrfs: move over to use ->update_time
fs: introduce inode operation ->update_time
reiserfs: get rid of resierfs_sync_super
reiserfs: mark the superblock as dirty a bit later
...
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Btrfs has to make sure we have space to allocate new blocks in order to modify
the inode, so updating time can fail. We've gotten around this by having our
own file_update_time but this is kind of a pain, and Christoph has indicated he
would like to make xfs do something different with atime updates. So introduce
->update_time, where we will deal with i_version an a/m/c time updates and
indicate which changes need to be made. The normal version just does what it
has always done, updates the time and marks the inode dirty, and then
filesystems can choose to do something different.
I've gone through all of the users of file_update_time and made them check for
errors with the exception of the fault code since it's complicated and I wasn't
quite sure what to do there, also Jan is going to be pushing the file time
updates into page_mkwrite for those who have it so that should satisfy btrfs and
make it not a big deal to check the file_update_time() return code in the
generic fault path. Thanks,
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <josef@redhat.com>
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file_remove_suid() is a generic function operates on struct file,
it almost has no relations with file mapping, so move it to fs/inode.c.
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Cong Wang <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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Fix kernel-doc warnings in fs/inode.c:
Warning(fs/inode.c:1493): No description found for parameter 'path'
Warning(fs/inode.c:1493): Excess function parameter 'mnt' description in 'touch_atime'
Warning(fs/inode.c:1493): Excess function parameter 'dentry' description in 'touch_atime'
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@xenotime.net>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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Use the same mechanism as the block devices are using, but move the
helper functions from fs/direct-io.c into fs/inode.c to remove the
dependency on CONFIG_BLOCK.
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Fred Isaman <iisaman@netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Pull writeback tree from Wu Fengguang:
"Mainly from Jan Kara to avoid iput() in the flusher threads."
* tag 'writeback' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/wfg/linux:
writeback: Avoid iput() from flusher thread
vfs: Rename end_writeback() to clear_inode()
vfs: Move waiting for inode writeback from end_writeback() to evict_inode()
writeback: Refactor writeback_single_inode()
writeback: Remove wb->list_lock from writeback_single_inode()
writeback: Separate inode requeueing after writeback
writeback: Move I_DIRTY_PAGES handling
writeback: Move requeueing when I_SYNC set to writeback_sb_inodes()
writeback: Move clearing of I_SYNC into inode_sync_complete()
writeback: initialize global_dirty_limit
fs: remove 8 bytes of padding from struct writeback_control on 64 bit builds
mm: page-writeback.c: local functions should not be exposed globally
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Doing iput() from flusher thread (writeback_sb_inodes()) can create problems
because iput() can do a lot of work - for example truncate the inode if it's
the last iput on unlinked file. Some filesystems depend on flusher thread
progressing (e.g. because they need to flush delay allocated blocks to reduce
allocation uncertainty) and so flusher thread doing truncate creates
interesting dependencies and possibilities for deadlocks.
We get rid of iput() in flusher thread by using the fact that I_SYNC inode
flag effectively pins the inode in memory. So if we take care to either hold
i_lock or have I_SYNC set, we can get away without taking inode reference
in writeback_sb_inodes().
As a side effect of these changes, we also fix possible use-after-free in
wb_writeback() because inode_wait_for_writeback() call could try to reacquire
i_lock on the inode that was already free.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
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After we moved inode_sync_wait() from end_writeback() it doesn't make sense
to call the function end_writeback() anymore. Rename it to clear_inode()
which well says what the function really does - set I_CLEAR flag.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
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Currently, I_SYNC can never be set when evict_inode() (and thus
end_writeback()) is called because flusher thread holds inode reference while
inode is under writeback. As a result inode_sync_wait() in those places
currently does nothing. However that is going to change and unveils problems
with calling inode_sync_wait() from end_writeback(). Several filesystems call
end_writeback() after they have deleted the inode (btrfs, gfs2, ...) and other
filesystems (ext3, ext4, reiserfs, ...) can deadlock when waiting for I_SYNC
because they call end_writeback() from within a transaction.
To avoid these issues, we move inode_sync_wait() into evict_inode() before
calling ->evict_inode(). That way we preserve the current property that
->evict_inode() and writeback never run in parallel and all filesystems are
safe.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
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Pull more networking updates from David Miller:
"Ok, everything from here on out will be bug fixes."
1) One final sync of wireless and bluetooth stuff from John Linville.
These changes have all been in his tree for more than a week, and
therefore have had the necessary -next exposure. John was just away
on a trip and didn't have a change to send the pull request until a
day or two ago.
2) Put back some defines in user exposed header file areas that were
removed during the tokenring purge. From Stephen Hemminger and Paul
Gortmaker.
3) A bug fix for UDP hash table allocation got lost in the pile due to
one of those "you got it.. no I've got it.." situations. :-)
From Tim Bird.
4) SKB coalescing in TCP needs to have stricter checks, otherwise we'll
try to coalesce overlapping frags and crash. Fix from Eric Dumazet.
5) RCU routing table lookups can race with free_fib_info(), causing
crashes when we deref the device pointers in the route. Fix by
releasing the net device in the RCU callback. From Yanmin Zhang.
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/net: (293 commits)
tcp: take care of overlaps in tcp_try_coalesce()
ipv4: fix the rcu race between free_fib_info and ip_route_output_slow
mm: add a low limit to alloc_large_system_hash
ipx: restore token ring define to include/linux/ipx.h
if: restore token ring ARP type to header
xen: do not disable netfront in dom0
phy/micrel: Fix ID of KSZ9021
mISDN: Add X-Tensions USB ISDN TA XC-525
gianfar:don't add FCB length to hard_header_len
Bluetooth: Report proper error number in disconnection
Bluetooth: Create flags for bt_sk()
Bluetooth: report the right security level in getsockopt
Bluetooth: Lock the L2CAP channel when sending
Bluetooth: Restore locking semantics when looking up L2CAP channels
Bluetooth: Fix a redundant and problematic incoming MTU check
Bluetooth: Add support for Foxconn/Hon Hai AR5BBU22 0489:E03C
Bluetooth: Fix EIR data generation for mgmt_device_found
Bluetooth: Fix Inquiry with RSSI event mask
Bluetooth: improve readability of l2cap_seq_list code
Bluetooth: Fix skb length calculation
...
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UDP stack needs a minimum hash size value for proper operation and also
uses alloc_large_system_hash() for proper NUMA distribution of its hash
tables and automatic sizing depending on available system memory.
On some low memory situations, udp_table_init() must ignore the
alloc_large_system_hash() result and reallocs a bigger memory area.
As we cannot easily free old hash table, we leak it and kmemleak can
issue a warning.
This patch adds a low limit parameter to alloc_large_system_hash() to
solve this problem.
We then specify UDP_HTABLE_SIZE_MIN for UDP/UDPLite hash table
allocation.
Reported-by: Mark Asselstine <mark.asselstine@windriver.com>
Reported-by: Tim Bird <tim.bird@am.sony.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Cc: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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The conversion of all of the users is not done yet there are too many to change
in one go and leave the code reviewable. For now I change just the header and
a few trivial users and rely on CONFIG_UIDGID_STRICT_TYPE_CHECKS not being set
to ensure that the code will still compile during the transition.
Helper functions i_uid_read, i_uid_write, i_gid_read, i_gid_write are added
so that in most cases filesystems can avoid the complexities of multiple user
namespaces and can concentrate on moving their raw numeric values into and
out of the vfs data structures.
Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
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This represents a change in strategy of how to handle user namespaces.
Instead of tagging everything explicitly with a user namespace and bulking
up all of the comparisons of uids and gids in the kernel, all uids and gids
in use will have a mapping to a flat kuid and kgid spaces respectively. This
allows much more of the existing logic to be preserved and in general
allows for faster code.
In this new and improved world we allow someone to utiliize capabilities
over an inode if the inodes owner mapps into the capabilities holders user
namespace and the user has capabilities in their user namespace. Which
is simple and efficient.
Moving the fs uid comparisons to be comparisons in a flat kuid space
follows in later patches, something that is only significant if you
are using user namespaces.
Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
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Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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Once upon a time it used to be much bigger, but these days there's
no point whatsoever keeping it in fs/inode.c, especially since
it's not even needed as initializer for ->drop_inode() - it's the
default and leaving ->drop_inode NULL will do just as well.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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wait_on_inode() doesn't have ->i_lock
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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