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* Remove redundant check for CONFIG_MMUChristoph Egger2010-04-27
| | | | | | | | | | The checks for CONFIG_MMU at this location are duplicated as all the code is located inside a #ifndef CONFIG_MMU block. So the first conditional block will always be included while the second never will. Signed-off-by: Christoph Egger <siccegge@stud.informatik.uni-erlangen.de> Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* FDPIC: For-loop in elf_core_vma_data_size() is incorrectDavid Howells2010-03-24
| | | | | | | | | | | | Fix an incorrect for-loop in elf_core_vma_data_size(). The advance-pointer statement lacks an assignment: CC fs/binfmt_elf_fdpic.o fs/binfmt_elf_fdpic.c: In function 'elf_core_vma_data_size': fs/binfmt_elf_fdpic.c:1593: warning: statement with no effect Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* Merge branch 'for-next' into for-linusJiri Kosina2010-03-08
|\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Conflicts: Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt arch/arm/mach-u300/include/mach/debug-macro.S drivers/net/qlge/qlge_ethtool.c drivers/net/qlge/qlge_main.c drivers/net/typhoon.c
| * tree-wide: Assorted spelling fixesDaniel Mack2010-02-09
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | In particular, several occurances of funny versions of 'success', 'unknown', 'therefore', 'acknowledge', 'argument', 'achieve', 'address', 'beginning', 'desirable', 'separate' and 'necessary' are fixed. Signed-off-by: Daniel Mack <daniel@caiaq.de> Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com> Cc: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
* | coredump: pass mm->flags as a coredump parameter for consistencyMasami Hiramatsu2010-03-06
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Pass mm->flags as a coredump parameter for consistency. --- 1787 if (mm->core_state || !get_dumpable(mm)) { <- (1) 1788 up_write(&mm->mmap_sem); 1789 put_cred(cred); 1790 goto fail; 1791 } 1792 [...] 1798 if (get_dumpable(mm) == 2) { /* Setuid core dump mode */ <-(2) 1799 flag = O_EXCL; /* Stop rewrite attacks */ 1800 cred->fsuid = 0; /* Dump root private */ 1801 } --- Since dumpable bits are not protected by lock, there is a chance to change these bits between (1) and (2). To solve this issue, this patch copies mm->flags to coredump_params.mm_flags at the beginning of do_coredump() and uses it instead of get_dumpable() while dumping core. This copy is also passed to binfmt->core_dump, since elf*_core_dump() uses dump_filter bits in mm->flags. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix merge] Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@redhat.com> Acked-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com> Cc: Hidehiro Kawai <hidehiro.kawai.ez@hitachi.com> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | elf coredump: add extended numbering supportDaisuke HATAYAMA2010-03-06
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The current ELF dumper implementation can produce broken corefiles if program headers exceed 65535. This number is determined by the number of vmas which the process have. In particular, some extreme programs may use more than 65535 vmas. (If you google max_map_count, you can find some users facing this problem.) This kind of program never be able to generate correct coredumps. This patch implements ``extended numbering'' that uses sh_info field of the first section header instead of e_phnum field in order to represent upto 4294967295 vmas. This is supported by AMD64-ABI(http://www.x86-64.org/documentation.html) and Solaris(http://docs.sun.com/app/docs/doc/817-1984/). Of course, we are preparing patches for gdb and binutils. Signed-off-by: Daisuke HATAYAMA <d.hatayama@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com> Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com> Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Cc: Greg Ungerer <gerg@snapgear.com> Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org> Cc: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk> Cc: <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | elf coredump: make offset calculation process and writing process explicitDaisuke HATAYAMA2010-03-06
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | By the next patch, elf_core_dump() and elf_fdpic_core_dump() will support extended numbering and so will produce the corefiles with section header table in a special case. The problem is the process of writing a file header offset of the section header table into e_shoff field of the ELF header. ELF header is positioned at the beginning of the corefile, while section header at the end. So, we need to take which of the following ways: 1. Seek backward to retry writing operation for ELF header after writing process for a whole part 2. Make offset calculation process and writing process totally sequential The clause 1. is not always possible: one cannot assume that file system supports seek function. Consider the no_llseek case. Therefore, this patch adopts the clause 2. Signed-off-by: Daisuke HATAYAMA <d.hatayama@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com> Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com> Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Cc: Greg Ungerer <gerg@snapgear.com> Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org> Cc: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk> Cc: <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | elf coredump: replace ELF_CORE_EXTRA_* macros by functionsDaisuke HATAYAMA2010-03-06
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | elf_core_dump() and elf_fdpic_core_dump() use #ifdef and the corresponding macro for hiding _multiline_ logics in functions. This patch removes #ifdef and replaces ELF_CORE_EXTRA_* by corresponding functions. For architectures not implemeonting ELF_CORE_EXTRA_*, we use weak functions in order to reduce a range of modification. This cleanup is for my next patches, but I think this cleanup itself is worth doing regardless of my firnal purpose. Signed-off-by: Daisuke HATAYAMA <d.hatayama@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com> Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com> Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Cc: Greg Ungerer <gerg@snapgear.com> Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org> Cc: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk> Cc: <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | coredump: move dump_write() and dump_seek() into a header fileDaisuke HATAYAMA2010-03-06
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | My next patch will replace ELF_CORE_EXTRA_* macros by functions, putting them into other newly created *.c files. Then, each files will contain dump_write(), where each pair of binfmt_*.c and elfcore.c should be the same. So, this patch moves them into a header file with dump_seek(). Also, the patch deletes confusing DUMP_WRITE macros in each files. Signed-off-by: Daisuke HATAYAMA <d.hatayama@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com> Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com> Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Cc: Greg Ungerer <gerg@snapgear.com> Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org> Cc: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk> Cc: <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* | coredump: unify dump_seek() implementations for each binfmt_*.cDaisuke HATAYAMA2010-03-06
|/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The current ELF dumper can produce broken corefiles if program headers exceed 65535. In particular, the program in 64-bit environment often demands more than 65535 mmaps. If you google max_map_count, then you can find many users facing this problem. Solaris has already dealt with this issue, and other OSes have also adopted the same method as in Solaris. Currently, Sun's document and AMD 64 ABI include the description for the extension, where they call the extension Extended Numbering. See Reference for further information. I believe that linux kernel should adopt the same way as they did, so I've written this patch. I am also preparing for patches of GDB and binutils. How to fix ========== In new dumping process, there are two cases according to weather or not the number of program headers is equal to or more than 65535. - if less than 65535, the produced corefile format is exactly the same as the ordinary one. - if equal to or more than 65535, then e_phnum field is set to newly introduced constant PN_XNUM(0xffff) and the actual number of program headers is set to sh_info field of the section header at index 0. Compatibility Concern ===================== * As already mentioned in Summary, Sun and AMD64 has already adopted this. See Reference. * There are four combinations according to whether kernel and userland tools are respectively modified or not. The next table summarizes shortly for each combination. --------------------------------------------- Original Kernel | Modified Kernel --------------------------------------------- < 65535 | >= 65535 | < 65535 | >= 65535 ------------------------------------------------------------- Original Tools | OK | broken | OK | broken (#) ------------------------------------------------------------- Modified Tools | OK | broken | OK | OK ------------------------------------------------------------- Note that there is no case that `OK' changes to `broken'. (#) Although this case remains broken, O-M behaves better than O-O. That is, while in O-O case e_phnum field would be extremely small due to integer overflow, in O-M case it is guaranteed to be at least 65535 by being set to PN_XNUM(0xFFFF), much closer to the actual correct value than the O-O case. Test Program ============ Here is a test program mkmmaps.c that is useful to produce the corefile with many mmaps. To use this, please take the following steps: $ ulimit -c unlimited $ sysctl vm.max_map_count=70000 # default 65530 is too small $ sysctl fs.file-max=70000 $ mkmmaps 65535 Then, the program will abort and a corefile will be generated. If failed, there are two cases according to the error message displayed. * ``out of memory'' means vm.max_map_count is still smaller * ``too many open files'' means fs.file-max is still smaller So, please change it to a larger value, and then retry it. mkmmaps.c == #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <sys/mman.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <unistd.h> int main(int argc, char **argv) { int maps_num; if (argc < 2) { fprintf(stderr, "mkmmaps [number of maps to be created]\n"); exit(1); } if (sscanf(argv[1], "%d", &maps_num) == EOF) { perror("sscanf"); exit(2); } if (maps_num < 0) { fprintf(stderr, "%d is invalid\n", maps_num); exit(3); } for (; maps_num > 0; --maps_num) { if (MAP_FAILED == mmap((void *)NULL, (size_t) 1, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED | MAP_ANONYMOUS, (int) -1, (off_t) NULL)) { perror("mmap"); exit(4); } } abort(); { char buffer[128]; sprintf(buffer, "wc -l /proc/%u/maps", getpid()); system(buffer); } return 0; } Tested on i386, ia64 and um/sys-i386. Built on sh4 (which covers fs/binfmt_elf_fdpic.c) References ========== - Sun microsystems: Linker and Libraries. Part No: 817-1984-17, September 2008. URL: http://docs.sun.com/app/docs/doc/817-1984 - System V ABI AMD64 Architecture Processor Supplement Draft Version 0.99., May 11, 2009. URL: http://www.x86-64.org/ This patch: There are three different definitions for dump_seek() functions in binfmt_aout.c, binfmt_elf.c and binfmt_elf_fdpic.c, respectively. The only for binfmt_elf.c. My next patch will move dump_seek() into a header file in order to share the same implementations for dump_write() and dump_seek(). As the first step, this patch unify these three definitions for dump_seek() by applying the past commits that have been applied only for binfmt_elf.c. Specifically, the modification made here is part of the following commits: * d025c9db7f31fc0554ce7fb2dfc78d35a77f3487 * 7f14daa19ea36b200d237ad3ac5826ae25360461 This patch does not change a shape of corefiles. Signed-off-by: Daisuke HATAYAMA <d.hatayama@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com> Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com> Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Cc: Greg Ungerer <gerg@snapgear.com> Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org> Cc: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk> Cc: <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* Split 'flush_old_exec' into two functionsLinus Torvalds2010-01-29
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 'flush_old_exec()' is the point of no return when doing an execve(), and it is pretty badly misnamed. It doesn't just flush the old executable environment, it also starts up the new one. Which is very inconvenient for things like setting up the new personality, because we want the new personality to affect the starting of the new environment, but at the same time we do _not_ want the new personality to take effect if flushing the old one fails. As a result, the x86-64 '32-bit' personality is actually done using this insane "I'm going to change the ABI, but I haven't done it yet" bit (TIF_ABI_PENDING), with SET_PERSONALITY() not actually setting the personality, but just the "pending" bit, so that "flush_thread()" can do the actual personality magic. This patch in no way changes any of that insanity, but it does split the 'flush_old_exec()' function up into a preparatory part that can fail (still called flush_old_exec()), and a new part that will actually set up the new exec environment (setup_new_exec()). All callers are changed to trivially comply with the new world order. Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: stable@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* FDPIC: Respect PT_GNU_STACK exec protection markings when creating NOMMU stackMike Frysinger2010-01-06
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The current code will load the stack size and protection markings, but then only use the markings in the MMU code path. The NOMMU code path always passes PROT_EXEC to the mmap() call. While this doesn't matter to most people whilst the code is running, it will cause a pointless icache flush when starting every FDPIC application. Typically this icache flush will be of a region on the order of 128KB in size, or may be the entire icache, depending on the facilities available on the CPU. In the case where the arch default behaviour seems to be desired (EXSTACK_DEFAULT), we probe VM_STACK_FLAGS for VM_EXEC to determine whether we should be setting PROT_EXEC or not. For arches that support an MPU (Memory Protection Unit - an MMU without the virtual mapping capability), setting PROT_EXEC or not will make an important difference. It should be noted that this change also affects the executability of the brk region, since ELF-FDPIC has that share with the stack. However, this is probably irrelevant as NOMMU programs aren't likely to use the brk region, preferring instead allocation via mmap(). Signed-off-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org> Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* binfmt_elf_fdpic: Fix build breakage introduced by coredump changes.Daisuke HATAYAMA2010-01-04
| | | | | | | | | Commit f6151dfea21496d43dbaba32cfcd9c9f404769bc introduces build breakage, so this patch fixes it together with some printk formatting cleanup. Signed-off-by: Daisuke HATAYAMA <d.hatayama@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
* mm: introduce coredump parameter structureMasami Hiramatsu2009-12-17
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Introduce coredump parameter data structure (struct coredump_params) to simplify binfmt->core_dump() arguments. Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@redhat.com> Suggested-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Hidehiro Kawai <hidehiro.kawai.ez@hitachi.com> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* elf: kill USE_ELF_CORE_DUMPChristoph Hellwig2009-12-16
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Currently all architectures but microblaze unconditionally define USE_ELF_CORE_DUMP. The microblaze omission seems like an error to me, so let's kill this ifdef and make sure we are the same everywhere. Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk> Cc: <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org> Cc: Michal Simek <michal.simek@petalogix.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* nommu: fix malloc performance by adding uninitialized flagJie Zhang2009-12-15
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The NOMMU code currently clears all anonymous mmapped memory. While this is what we want in the default case, all memory allocation from userspace under NOMMU has to go through this interface, including malloc() which is allowed to return uninitialized memory. This can easily be a significant performance penalty. So for constrained embedded systems were security is irrelevant, allow people to avoid clearing memory unnecessarily. This also alters the ELF-FDPIC binfmt such that it obtains uninitialised memory for the brk and stack region. Signed-off-by: Jie Zhang <jie.zhang@analog.com> Signed-off-by: Robin Getz <rgetz@blackfin.uclinux.org> Signed-off-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org> Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Acked-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org> Acked-by: Greg Ungerer <gerg@snapgear.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* fdpic: ignore the loader's PT_GNU_STACK when calculating the stack sizeDavid Howells2009-09-24
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Ignore the loader's PT_GNU_STACK when calculating the stack size, and only consider the executable's PT_GNU_STACK, assuming the executable has one. Currently the behaviour is to take the largest stack size and use that, but that means you can't reduce the stack size in the executable. The loader's stack size should probably only be used when executing the loader directly. WARNING: This patch is slightly dangerous - it may render a system inoperable if the loader's stack size is larger than that of important executables, and the system relies unknowingly on this increasing the size of the stack. Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org> Acked-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org> Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: add get_dump_pageHugh Dickins2009-09-22
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | In preparation for the next patch, add a simple get_dump_page(addr) interface for the CONFIG_ELF_CORE dumpers to use, instead of calling get_user_pages() directly. They're not interested in errors: they just want to use holes as much as possible, to save space and make sure that the data is aligned where the headers said it would be. Oh, and don't use that horrid DUMP_SEEK(off) macro! Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk> Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* elf_core_dump: use rcu_read_lock() to access ->real_parentOleg Nesterov2009-06-18
| | | | | | | | | | | In theory it is not safe to dereference ->parent/real_parent without tasklist or rcu lock, we can race with re-parenting. Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Acked-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com> Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* ptrace: s/parent/real_parent/ in binfmt_elf_fdpic.cOleg Nesterov2009-05-02
| | | | | | | | | | | ->real_parent is the parent. ->parent may be the tracer. Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Acked-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Acked-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com> Cc: Greg Ungerer <gerg@snapgear.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* bin_elf_fdpic: check the return value of clear_userMike Frysinger2009-04-02
| | | | | | | | | Signed-off-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier.adi@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Bryan Wu <cooloney@kernel.org> Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Cc: Greg Ungerer <gerg@snapgear.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* FDPIC: Don't attempt to expand the userspace stack to fill the space allocatedDavid Howells2009-01-08
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Stop the ELF-FDPIC binfmt from attempting to expand the userspace stack and brk segments to fill the space actually allocated for it. The space allocated may be rounded up by mmap(), and may be wasted. However, finding out how much space we actually obtained uses the contentious kobjsize() function which we'd like to get rid of as it doesn't necessarily work for all slab allocators. Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Tested-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier.adi@gmail.com> Acked-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
* NOMMU: Make VMAs per MM as for MMU-mode linuxDavid Howells2009-01-08
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Make VMAs per mm_struct as for MMU-mode linux. This solves two problems: (1) In SYSV SHM where nattch for a segment does not reflect the number of shmat's (and forks) done. (2) In mmap() where the VMA's vm_mm is set to point to the parent mm by an exec'ing process when VM_EXECUTABLE is specified, regardless of the fact that a VMA might be shared and already have its vm_mm assigned to another process or a dead process. A new struct (vm_region) is introduced to track a mapped region and to remember the circumstances under which it may be shared and the vm_list_struct structure is discarded as it's no longer required. This patch makes the following additional changes: (1) Regions are now allocated with alloc_pages() rather than kmalloc() and with no recourse to __GFP_COMP, so the pages are not composite. Instead, each page has a reference on it held by the region. Anything else that is interested in such a page will have to get a reference on it to retain it. When the pages are released due to unmapping, each page is passed to put_page() and will be freed when the page usage count reaches zero. (2) Excess pages are trimmed after an allocation as the allocation must be made as a power-of-2 quantity of pages. (3) VMAs are added to the parent MM's R/B tree and mmap lists. As an MM may end up with overlapping VMAs within the tree, the VMA struct address is appended to the sort key. (4) Non-anonymous VMAs are now added to the backing inode's prio list. (5) Holes may be punched in anonymous VMAs with munmap(), releasing parts of the backing region. The VMA and region structs will be split if necessary. (6) sys_shmdt() only releases one attachment to a SYSV IPC shared memory segment instead of all the attachments at that addresss. Multiple shmat()'s return the same address under NOMMU-mode instead of different virtual addresses as under MMU-mode. (7) Core dumping for ELF-FDPIC requires fewer exceptions for NOMMU-mode. (8) /proc/maps is now the global list of mapped regions, and may list bits that aren't actually mapped anywhere. (9) /proc/meminfo gains a line (tagged "MmapCopy") that indicates the amount of RAM currently allocated by mmap to hold mappable regions that can't be mapped directly. These are copies of the backing device or file if not anonymous. These changes make NOMMU mode more similar to MMU mode. The downside is that NOMMU mode requires some extra memory to track things over NOMMU without this patch (VMAs are no longer shared, and there are now region structs). Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Tested-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier.adi@gmail.com> Acked-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
* CRED: Make execve() take advantage of copy-on-write credentialsDavid Howells2008-11-13
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Make execve() take advantage of copy-on-write credentials, allowing it to set up the credentials in advance, and then commit the whole lot after the point of no return. This patch and the preceding patches have been tested with the LTP SELinux testsuite. This patch makes several logical sets of alteration: (1) execve(). The credential bits from struct linux_binprm are, for the most part, replaced with a single credentials pointer (bprm->cred). This means that all the creds can be calculated in advance and then applied at the point of no return with no possibility of failure. I would like to replace bprm->cap_effective with: cap_isclear(bprm->cap_effective) but this seems impossible due to special behaviour for processes of pid 1 (they always retain their parent's capability masks where normally they'd be changed - see cap_bprm_set_creds()). The following sequence of events now happens: (a) At the start of do_execve, the current task's cred_exec_mutex is locked to prevent PTRACE_ATTACH from obsoleting the calculation of creds that we make. (a) prepare_exec_creds() is then called to make a copy of the current task's credentials and prepare it. This copy is then assigned to bprm->cred. This renders security_bprm_alloc() and security_bprm_free() unnecessary, and so they've been removed. (b) The determination of unsafe execution is now performed immediately after (a) rather than later on in the code. The result is stored in bprm->unsafe for future reference. (c) prepare_binprm() is called, possibly multiple times. (i) This applies the result of set[ug]id binaries to the new creds attached to bprm->cred. Personality bit clearance is recorded, but now deferred on the basis that the exec procedure may yet fail. (ii) This then calls the new security_bprm_set_creds(). This should calculate the new LSM and capability credentials into *bprm->cred. This folds together security_bprm_set() and parts of security_bprm_apply_creds() (these two have been removed). Anything that might fail must be done at this point. (iii) bprm->cred_prepared is set to 1. bprm->cred_prepared is 0 on the first pass of the security calculations, and 1 on all subsequent passes. This allows SELinux in (ii) to base its calculations only on the initial script and not on the interpreter. (d) flush_old_exec() is called to commit the task to execution. This performs the following steps with regard to credentials: (i) Clear pdeath_signal and set dumpable on certain circumstances that may not be covered by commit_creds(). (ii) Clear any bits in current->personality that were deferred from (c.i). (e) install_exec_creds() [compute_creds() as was] is called to install the new credentials. This performs the following steps with regard to credentials: (i) Calls security_bprm_committing_creds() to apply any security requirements, such as flushing unauthorised files in SELinux, that must be done before the credentials are changed. This is made up of bits of security_bprm_apply_creds() and security_bprm_post_apply_creds(), both of which have been removed. This function is not allowed to fail; anything that might fail must have been done in (c.ii). (ii) Calls commit_creds() to apply the new credentials in a single assignment (more or less). Possibly pdeath_signal and dumpable should be part of struct creds. (iii) Unlocks the task's cred_replace_mutex, thus allowing PTRACE_ATTACH to take place. (iv) Clears The bprm->cred pointer as the credentials it was holding are now immutable. (v) Calls security_bprm_committed_creds() to apply any security alterations that must be done after the creds have been changed. SELinux uses this to flush signals and signal handlers. (f) If an error occurs before (d.i), bprm_free() will call abort_creds() to destroy the proposed new credentials and will then unlock cred_replace_mutex. No changes to the credentials will have been made. (2) LSM interface. A number of functions have been changed, added or removed: (*) security_bprm_alloc(), ->bprm_alloc_security() (*) security_bprm_free(), ->bprm_free_security() Removed in favour of preparing new credentials and modifying those. (*) security_bprm_apply_creds(), ->bprm_apply_creds() (*) security_bprm_post_apply_creds(), ->bprm_post_apply_creds() Removed; split between security_bprm_set_creds(), security_bprm_committing_creds() and security_bprm_committed_creds(). (*) security_bprm_set(), ->bprm_set_security() Removed; folded into security_bprm_set_creds(). (*) security_bprm_set_creds(), ->bprm_set_creds() New. The new credentials in bprm->creds should be checked and set up as appropriate. bprm->cred_prepared is 0 on the first call, 1 on the second and subsequent calls. (*) security_bprm_committing_creds(), ->bprm_committing_creds() (*) security_bprm_committed_creds(), ->bprm_committed_creds() New. Apply the security effects of the new credentials. This includes closing unauthorised files in SELinux. This function may not fail. When the former is called, the creds haven't yet been applied to the process; when the latter is called, they have. The former may access bprm->cred, the latter may not. (3) SELinux. SELinux has a number of changes, in addition to those to support the LSM interface changes mentioned above: (a) The bprm_security_struct struct has been removed in favour of using the credentials-under-construction approach. (c) flush_unauthorized_files() now takes a cred pointer and passes it on to inode_has_perm(), file_has_perm() and dentry_open(). Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Acked-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org> Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
* CRED: Use RCU to access another task's creds and to release a task's own credsDavid Howells2008-11-13
| | | | | | | | | | | | Use RCU to access another task's creds and to release a task's own creds. This means that it will be possible for the credentials of a task to be replaced without another task (a) requiring a full lock to read them, and (b) seeing deallocated memory. Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Acked-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org> Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
* CRED: Wrap current->cred and a few other accessorsDavid Howells2008-11-13
| | | | | | | | | | Wrap current->cred and a few other accessors to hide their actual implementation. Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Acked-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org> Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
* CRED: Separate task security context from task_structDavid Howells2008-11-13
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Separate the task security context from task_struct. At this point, the security data is temporarily embedded in the task_struct with two pointers pointing to it. Note that the Alpha arch is altered as it refers to (E)UID and (E)GID in entry.S via asm-offsets. With comment fixes Signed-off-by: Marc Dionne <marc.c.dionne@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Acked-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org> Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
* CRED: Wrap task credential accesses in the filesystem subsystemDavid Howells2008-11-13
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Wrap access to task credentials so that they can be separated more easily from the task_struct during the introduction of COW creds. Change most current->(|e|s|fs)[ug]id to current_(|e|s|fs)[ug]id(). Change some task->e?[ug]id to task_e?[ug]id(). In some places it makes more sense to use RCU directly rather than a convenient wrapper; these will be addressed by later patches. Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org> Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
* binfmt_elf_fdpic: Update for cputime changes.Paul Mundt2008-10-20
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Commit f06febc96ba8e0af80bcc3eaec0a109e88275fac ("timers: fix itimer/ many thread hang") introduced a new task_cputime interface and subsequently only converted binfmt_elf over to it. This results in the build for binfmt_elf_fdpic blowing up given that p->signal->{u,s}time have disappeared from underneath us. Apply the same trivial fix from binfmt_elf to binfmt_elf_fdpic. Signed-off-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* binfmt_elf_fdpic: wire up AT_EXECFD, AT_EXECFN, AT_SECUREPaul Mundt2008-10-16
| | | | | | | | | | | These auxvec entries are the only ones left unhandled out of the current base implementation. This syncs up binfmt_elf_fdpic with linux/auxvec.h and current binfmt_elf. Signed-off-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org> Acked-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* binfmt_elf_fdpic: convert initial stack alignment to arch_align_stack()Paul Mundt2008-10-16
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | binfmt_elf_fdpic seems to have grabbed a hard-coded hack from an ancient version of binfmt_elf in order to try and fix up initial stack alignment on multi-threaded x86, which while in addition to being unused, was also pushed down beyond the first set of operations on the stack pointer, negating the entire purpose. These days, we have an architecture independent arch_align_stack(), so we switch to using that instead. Move the initial alignment up before the initial stores while we're at it. Signed-off-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org> Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* binfmt_elf_fdpic: support auxvec base platform stringPaul Mundt2008-10-16
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Commit 483fad1c3fa1060d7e6710e84a065ad514571739 ("ELF loader support for auxvec base platform string") introduced AT_BASE_PLATFORM, but only implemented it for binfmt_elf. Given that AT_VECTOR_SIZE_BASE is unconditionally enlarged for us, and it's only optionally added in for the platforms that set ELF_BASE_PLATFORM, wire it up for binfmt_elf_fdpic, too. Signed-off-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org> Acked-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* binfmt_elf_fdpic: Magical stack pointer index, for NEW_AUX_ENT compat.Paul Mundt2008-07-28
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | While implementing binfmt_elf_fdpic on SH it quickly became apparent that SH was the first platform to support both binfmt_elf_fdpic and binfmt_elf, as well as the only of the FDPIC platforms to make use of the auxvt. Currently binfmt_elf_fdpic uses a special version of NEW_AUX_ENT() where the first argument is the entry displacement after csp has been adjusted, being reset after each adjustment. As we have no ability to sort this out through the platform's ARCH_DLINFO, this index needs to be managed entirely in create_elf_fdpic_tables(). Presently none of the platforms that set their own auxvt entries are able to do so through their respective ARCH_DLINFOs when using binfmt_elf_fdpic. In addition to this, binfmt_elf_fdpic has been looking at DLINFO_ARCH_ITEMS for the number of architecture-specific entries in the auxvt. This is legacy cruft, and is not defined by any platforms in-tree, even those that make heavy use of the auxvt. AT_VECTOR_SIZE_ARCH is always available, and contains the number that is of interest here, so we switch to using that unconditionally as well. As this has direct bearing on how much stack is used, platforms that have configurable (or dynamically adjustable) NEW_AUX_ENT calls need to either make AT_VECTOR_SIZE_ARCH more fine-grained, or leave it as a worst-case and live with some lost stack space if those entries aren't pushed (some platforms may also need to purposely sacrifice some space here for alignment considerations, as noted in the code -- although not an issue for any FDPIC-capable platform today). Signed-off-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org> Acked-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
* tracehook: execRoland McGrath2008-07-26
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This moves all the ptrace hooks related to exec into tracehook.h inlines. This also lifts the calls for tracing out of the binfmt load_binary hooks into search_binary_handler() after it calls into the binfmt module. This change has no effect, since all the binfmt modules' load_binary functions did the call at the end on success, and now search_binary_handler() does it immediately after return if successful. We consolidate the repeated code, and binfmt modules no longer need to import ptrace_notify(). Signed-off-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@tv-sign.ru> Reviewed-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* coredump: elf_fdpic_core_dump: use core_state->dumper listOleg Nesterov2008-07-25
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Kill the nasty rcu_read_lock() + do_each_thread() loop, use the list encoded in mm->core_state instead, s/GFP_ATOMIC/GFP_KERNEL/. This patch allows futher cleanups in binfmt_elf_fdpic.c. Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@tv-sign.ru> Acked-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com> Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* coredump: elf_core_dump: skip kernel threadsOleg Nesterov2008-07-25
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | linux_binfmt->core_dump() runs before the process does exit_aio(), this means that we can hit the kernel thread which shares the same ->mm. Afaics, nothing really bad can happen, but perhaps it makes sense to fix this minor bug. It is sad we have to iterate over all threads in system and use GFP_ATOMIC. Hopefully we can kill theses ugly do_each_thread()s, but this needs some nontrivial changes in mm_struct and do_coredump. Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@tv-sign.ru> Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* nommu: fix ksize() abusePekka Enberg2008-06-06
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The nommu binfmt code uses ksize() for pointers returned from do_mmap() which is wrong. This converts the call-sites to use the nommu specific kobjsize() function which works as expected. Cc: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Cc: Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com> Acked-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org> Acked-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi> Acked-by: Greg Ungerer <gerg@snapgear.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* fdpic: check that the size returned by kernel_read() is what we asked forDavid Howells2008-04-29
| | | | | | | | | Check that the size of the read returned by kernel_read() is what we asked for. If it isn't, then reject the binary as being a badly formatted. Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* pid namespaces: changes to show virtual ids to userPavel Emelyanov2007-10-19
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This is the largest patch in the set. Make all (I hope) the places where the pid is shown to or get from user operate on the virtual pids. The idea is: - all in-kernel data structures must store either struct pid itself or the pid's global nr, obtained with pid_nr() call; - when seeking the task from kernel code with the stored id one should use find_task_by_pid() call that works with global pids; - when showing pid's numerical value to the user the virtual one should be used, but however when one shows task's pid outside this task's namespace the global one is to be used; - when getting the pid from userspace one need to consider this as the virtual one and use appropriate task/pid-searching functions. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: build fix] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: nuther build fix] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: yet nuther build fix] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: remove unneeded casts] Signed-off-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org> Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@openvz.org> Cc: Sukadev Bhattiprolu <sukadev@us.ibm.com> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@tv-sign.ru> Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com> Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* pid namespaces: round up the APIPavel Emelianov2007-10-19
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The set of functions process_session, task_session, process_group and task_pgrp is confusing, as the names can be mixed with each other when looking at the code for a long time. The proposals are to * equip the functions that return the integer with _nr suffix to represent that fact, * and to make all functions work with task (not process) by making the common prefix of the same name. For monotony the routines signal_session() and set_signal_session() are replaced with task_session_nr() and set_task_session(), especially since they are only used with the explicit task->signal dereference. Signed-off-by: Pavel Emelianov <xemul@openvz.org> Acked-by: Serge E. Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com> Cc: Kirill Korotaev <dev@openvz.org> Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com> Cc: Cedric Le Goater <clg@fr.ibm.com> Cc: Herbert Poetzl <herbert@13thfloor.at> Cc: Sukadev Bhattiprolu <sukadev@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* core_pattern: ignore RLIMIT_CORE if core_pattern is a pipeNeil Horman2007-10-17
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | For some time /proc/sys/kernel/core_pattern has been able to set its output destination as a pipe, allowing a user space helper to receive and intellegently process a core. This infrastructure however has some shortcommings which can be enhanced. Specifically: 1) The coredump code in the kernel should ignore RLIMIT_CORE limitation when core_pattern is a pipe, since file system resources are not being consumed in this case, unless the user application wishes to save the core, at which point the app is restricted by usual file system limits and restrictions. 2) The core_pattern code should be able to parse and pass options to the user space helper as an argv array. The real core limit of the uid of the crashing proces should also be passable to the user space helper (since it is overridden to zero when called). 3) Some miscellaneous bugs need to be cleaned up (specifically the recognition of a recursive core dump, should the user mode helper itself crash. Also, the core dump code in the kernel should not wait for the user mode helper to exit, since the same context is responsible for writing to the pipe, and a read of the pipe by the user mode helper will result in a deadlock. This patch: Remove the check of RLIMIT_CORE if core_pattern is a pipe. In the event that core_pattern is a pipe, the entire core will be fed to the user mode helper. Signed-off-by: Neil Horman <nhorman@tuxdriver.com> Cc: <martin.pitt@ubuntu.com> Cc: <wwoods@redhat.com> Cc: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* x86: replace NT_PRXFPREG with ELF_CORE_XFPREG_TYPE #defineMark Nelson2007-10-17
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Replace NT_PRXFPREG with ELF_CORE_XFPREG_TYPE in the coredump code which allows for more flexibility in the note type for the state of 'extended floating point' implementations in coredumps. New note types can now be added with an appropriate #define. This does #define ELF_CORE_XFPREG_TYPE to be NT_PRXFPREG in all current users so there's are no change in behaviour. This will let us use different note types on powerpc for the Altivec/VMX state that some PowerPC cpus have (G4, PPC970, POWER6) and for the SPE (signal processing extension) state that some embedded PowerPC cpus from Freescale have. Signed-off-by: Mark Nelson <markn@au1.ibm.com> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* remove ZERO_PAGENick Piggin2007-10-16
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The commit b5810039a54e5babf428e9a1e89fc1940fabff11 contains the note A last caveat: the ZERO_PAGE is now refcounted and managed with rmap (and thus mapcounted and count towards shared rss). These writes to the struct page could cause excessive cacheline bouncing on big systems. There are a number of ways this could be addressed if it is an issue. And indeed this cacheline bouncing has shown up on large SGI systems. There was a situation where an Altix system was essentially livelocked tearing down ZERO_PAGE pagetables when an HPC app aborted during startup. This situation can be avoided in userspace, but it does highlight the potential scalability problem with refcounting ZERO_PAGE, and corner cases where it can really hurt (we don't want the system to livelock!). There are several broad ways to fix this problem: 1. add back some special casing to avoid refcounting ZERO_PAGE 2. per-node or per-cpu ZERO_PAGES 3. remove the ZERO_PAGE completely I will argue for 3. The others should also fix the problem, but they result in more complex code than does 3, with little or no real benefit that I can see. Why? Inserting a ZERO_PAGE for anonymous read faults appears to be a false optimisation: if an application is performance critical, it would not be doing many read faults of new memory, or at least it could be expected to write to that memory soon afterwards. If cache or memory use is critical, it should not be working with a significant number of ZERO_PAGEs anyway (a more compact representation of zeroes should be used). As a sanity check -- mesuring on my desktop system, there are never many mappings to the ZERO_PAGE (eg. 2 or 3), thus memory usage here should not increase much without it. When running a make -j4 kernel compile on my dual core system, there are about 1,000 mappings to the ZERO_PAGE created per second, but about 1,000 ZERO_PAGE COW faults per second (less than 1 ZERO_PAGE mapping per second is torn down without being COWed). So removing ZERO_PAGE will save 1,000 page faults per second when running kbuild, while keeping it only saves less than 1 page clearing operation per second. 1 page clear is cheaper than a thousand faults, presumably, so there isn't an obvious loss. Neither the logical argument nor these basic tests give a guarantee of no regressions. However, this is a reasonable opportunity to try to remove the ZERO_PAGE from the pagefault path. If it is found to cause regressions, we can reintroduce it and just avoid refcounting it. The /dev/zero ZERO_PAGE usage and TLB tricks also get nuked. I don't see much use to them except on benchmarks. All other users of ZERO_PAGE are converted just to use ZERO_PAGE(0) for simplicity. We can look at replacing them all and maybe ripping out ZERO_PAGE completely when we are more satisfied with this solution. Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus "snif" Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* coredump masking: ELF-FDPIC: enable core dump filteringKawai, Hidehiro2007-07-19
| | | | | | | | | | | | This patch enables core dump filtering for ELF-FDPIC-formatted core file. Signed-off-by: Hidehiro Kawai <hidehiro.kawai.ez@hitachi.com> Cc: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk> Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* coredump masking: ELF-FDPIC: remove an unused argumentKawai, Hidehiro2007-07-19
| | | | | | | | | | | | This patch removes an unused argument from elf_fdpic_dump_segments(). Signed-off-by: Hidehiro Kawai <hidehiro.kawai.ez@hitachi.com> Cc: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk> Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: variable length argument supportOllie Wild2007-07-19
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Remove the arg+env limit of MAX_ARG_PAGES by copying the strings directly from the old mm into the new mm. We create the new mm before the binfmt code runs, and place the new stack at the very top of the address space. Once the binfmt code runs and figures out where the stack should be, we move it downwards. It is a bit peculiar in that we have one task with two mm's, one of which is inactive. [a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl: limit stack size] Signed-off-by: Ollie Wild <aaw@google.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Cc: <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> [bunk@stusta.de: unexport bprm_mm_init] Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* header cleaning: don't include smp_lock.h when not usedRandy Dunlap2007-05-08
| | | | | | | | | | | | Remove includes of <linux/smp_lock.h> where it is not used/needed. Suggested by Al Viro. Builds cleanly on x86_64, i386, alpha, ia64, powerpc, sparc, sparc64, and arm (all 59 defconfigs). Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* [PATCH] fix page leak during core dumpBrian Pomerantz2007-04-02
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | When the dump cannot occur most likely because of a full file system and the page to be written is the zero page, the call to page_cache_release() is missed. Signed-off-by: Brian Pomerantz <bapper@mvista.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au> Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Cc: <stable@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* [PATCH] FDPIC: fix the /proc/pid/stat representation of executable boundariesDavid Howells2007-03-23
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Fix the /proc/pid/stat representation of executable boundaries. It should show the bounds of the executable, but instead shows the bounds of the loader. Before the patch is applied, the bug can be seen by examining, say, inetd: # ps | grep inetd 610 root 0 S /usr/sbin/inetd -i # cat /proc/610/maps c0bb0000-c0bba788 r-xs 00000000 00:0b 14582157 /lib/ld-uClibc-0.9.28.so c3180000-c31dede4 r-xs 00000000 00:0b 14582179 /lib/libuClibc-0.9.28.so c328c000-c328ea00 rw-p 00008000 00:0b 14582157 /lib/ld-uClibc-0.9.28.so c3290000-c329b6c0 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 c32a0000-c32c0000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 c32d4000-c32d8000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 c3394000-c3398000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 c3458000-c345f464 r-xs 00000000 00:0b 16384612 /usr/sbin/inetd c3470000-c34748f8 rw-p 00004000 00:0b 16384612 /usr/sbin/inetd c34cc000-c34d0000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 c34d4000-c34d8000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 c34d8000-c34dc000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 # cat /proc/610/stat 610 (inetd) S 1 610 610 0 -1 256 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 19 0 1 0 94392000718 950272 0 4294967295 3233480704 3233523592 3274440352 3274439976 3273467584 0 0 4096 90115 3221712796 0 0 17 0 0 0 0 The code boundaries are 3233480704 to 3233523592, which are: (gdb) p/x 3233480704 $1 = 0xc0bb0000 (gdb) p/x 3233523592 $2 = 0xc0bba788 Which corresponds to this line in the maps file: c0bb0000-c0bba788 r-xs 00000000 00:0b 14582157 /lib/ld-uClibc-0.9.28.so Which is wrong. After the patch is applied, the maps file is pretty much identical (there's some minor shuffling of the location of some of the anonymous VMAs), but the stat file is now: # cat /proc/610/stat 610 (inetd) S 1 610 610 0 -1 256 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 18 0 1 0 94392000722 950272 0 4294967295 3276111872 3276141668 3274440352 3274439976 3273467584 0 0 4096 90115 3221712796 0 0 17 0 0 0 0 The code boundaries are then 3276111872 to 3276141668, which are: (gdb) p/x 3276111872 $1 = 0xc3458000 (gdb) p/x 3276141668 $2 = 0xc345f464 And these correspond to this line in the maps file instead: c3458000-c345f464 r-xs 00000000 00:0b 16384612 /usr/sbin/inetd Which is now correct. Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* [PATCH] Remove final references to deprecated "MAP_ANON" page protection flagRobert P. J. Day2007-02-11
| | | | | | | | | Remove the last vestiges of the long-deprecated "MAP_ANON" page protection flag: use "MAP_ANONYMOUS" instead. Signed-off-by: Robert P. J. Day <rpjday@mindspring.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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