4 files changed, 84 insertions, 55 deletions

diff --git a/sound/usb/caiaq/caiaq-device.c b/sound/usb/caiaq/caiaq-device.c
index 41c36b055f6b..09aed2363cc9 100644
--- a/sound/usb/caiaq/caiaq-device.c
+++ b/sound/usb/caiaq/caiaq-device.c
@@ -336,9 +336,10 @@ static void __devinit setup_card(struct snd_usb_caiaqdev *dev)
                 log("Unable to set up control system (ret=%d)\n", ret);
 }
 
-static struct snd_card* create_card(struct usb_device* usb_dev)
+static int create_card(struct usb_device* usb_dev, struct snd_card **cardp)
 {
         int devnum;
+        int err;
         struct snd_card *card;
         struct snd_usb_caiaqdev *dev;
 
@@ -347,12 +348,12 @@ static struct snd_card* create_card(struct usb_device* usb_dev)
                         break;
 
         if (devnum >= SNDRV_CARDS)
-                return NULL;
+                return -ENODEV;
 
-        card = snd_card_new(index[devnum], id[devnum], THIS_MODULE, 
-                                        sizeof(struct snd_usb_caiaqdev));
-        if (!card)
-                return NULL;
+        err = snd_card_create(index[devnum], id[devnum], THIS_MODULE, 
+                              sizeof(struct snd_usb_caiaqdev), &card);
+        if (err < 0)
+                return err;
 
         dev = caiaqdev(card);
         dev->chip.dev = usb_dev;
@@ -362,7 +363,8 @@ static struct snd_card* create_card(struct usb_device* usb_dev)
         spin_lock_init(&dev->spinlock);
         snd_card_set_dev(card, &usb_dev->dev);
 
-        return card;
+        *cardp = card;
+        return 0;
 }
 
 static int __devinit init_card(struct snd_usb_caiaqdev *dev)
@@ -441,10 +443,10 @@ static int __devinit snd_probe(struct usb_interface *intf,
         struct snd_card *card;
         struct usb_device *device = interface_to_usbdev(intf);
         
-        card = create_card(device);
+        ret = create_card(device, &card);
         
-        if (!card)
-                return -ENOMEM;
+        if (ret < 0)
+                return ret;
                         
         usb_set_intfdata(intf, card);
         ret = init_card(caiaqdev(card));
diff --git a/sound/usb/usbaudio.c b/sound/usb/usbaudio.c
index 19e37451c216..8f3cdb37a0ec 100644
--- a/sound/usb/usbaudio.c
+++ b/sound/usb/usbaudio.c
@@ -3466,10 +3466,10 @@ static int snd_usb_audio_create(struct usb_device *dev, int idx,
                 return -ENXIO;
         }
 
-        card = snd_card_new(index[idx], id[idx], THIS_MODULE, 0);
-        if (card == NULL) {
+        err = snd_card_create(index[idx], id[idx], THIS_MODULE, 0, &card);
+        if (err < 0) {
                 snd_printk(KERN_ERR "cannot create card instance %d\n", idx);
-                return -ENOMEM;
+                return err;
         }
 
         chip = kzalloc(sizeof(*chip), GFP_KERNEL);
diff --git a/sound/usb/usx2y/us122l.c b/sound/usb/usx2y/us122l.c
index 73e59f4403a4..98276aafefe6 100644
--- a/sound/usb/usx2y/us122l.c
+++ b/sound/usb/usx2y/us122l.c
@@ -478,19 +478,21 @@ static bool us122l_create_card(struct snd_card *card)
         return true;
 }
 
-static struct snd_card *usx2y_create_card(struct usb_device *device)
+static int usx2y_create_card(struct usb_device *device, struct snd_card **cardp)
 {
         int             dev;
         struct snd_card *card;
+        int err;
+
         for (dev = 0; dev < SNDRV_CARDS; ++dev)
                 if (enable[dev] && !snd_us122l_card_used[dev])
                         break;
         if (dev >= SNDRV_CARDS)
-                return NULL;
-        card = snd_card_new(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
-                            sizeof(struct us122l));
-        if (!card)
-                return NULL;
+                return -ENODEV;
+        err = snd_card_create(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+                              sizeof(struct us122l), &card);
+        if (err < 0)
+                return err;
         snd_us122l_card_used[US122L(card)->chip.index = dev] = 1;
 
         US122L(card)->chip.dev = device;
@@ -509,46 +511,57 @@ static struct snd_card *usx2y_create_card(struct usb_device *device)
                 US122L(card)->chip.dev->devnum
                 );
         snd_card_set_dev(card, &device->dev);
-        return card;
+        *cardp = card;
+        return 0;
 }
 
-static void *us122l_usb_probe(struct usb_interface *intf,
-                              const struct usb_device_id *device_id)
+static int us122l_usb_probe(struct usb_interface *intf,
+                            const struct usb_device_id *device_id,
+                            struct snd_card **cardp)
 {
         struct usb_device *device = interface_to_usbdev(intf);
-        struct snd_card *card = usx2y_create_card(device);
+        struct snd_card *card;
+        int err;
 
-        if (!card)
-                return NULL;
+        err = usx2y_create_card(device, &card);
+        if (err < 0)
+                return err;
 
-        if (!us122l_create_card(card) ||
-            snd_card_register(card) < 0) {
+        if (!us122l_create_card(card)) {
                 snd_card_free(card);
-                return NULL;
+                return -EINVAL;
+        }
+
+        err = snd_card_register(card);
+        if (err < 0) {
+                snd_card_free(card);
+                return err;
         }
 
         usb_get_dev(device);
-        return card;
+        *cardp = card;
+        return 0;
 }
 
 static int snd_us122l_probe(struct usb_interface *intf,
                             const struct usb_device_id *id)
 {
         struct snd_card *card;
+        int err;
+
         snd_printdd(KERN_DEBUG"%p:%i\n",
                     intf, intf->cur_altsetting->desc.bInterfaceNumber);
         if (intf->cur_altsetting->desc.bInterfaceNumber != 1)
                 return 0;
 
-        card = us122l_usb_probe(usb_get_intf(intf), id);
-
-        if (card) {
-                usb_set_intfdata(intf, card);
-                return 0;
+        err = us122l_usb_probe(usb_get_intf(intf), id, &card);
+        if (err < 0) {
+                usb_put_intf(intf);
+                return err;
         }
 
-        usb_put_intf(intf);
-        return -EIO;
+        usb_set_intfdata(intf, card);
+        return 0;
 }
 
 static void snd_us122l_disconnect(struct usb_interface *intf)
diff --git a/sound/usb/usx2y/usbusx2y.c b/sound/usb/usx2y/usbusx2y.c
index 11639bd72a51..af8b84954054 100644
--- a/sound/usb/usx2y/usbusx2y.c
+++ b/sound/usb/usx2y/usbusx2y.c
@@ -333,18 +333,21 @@ static struct usb_device_id snd_usX2Y_usb_id_table[] = {
         { /* terminator */ }
 };
 
-static struct snd_card *usX2Y_create_card(struct usb_device *device)
+static int usX2Y_create_card(struct usb_device *device, struct snd_card **cardp)
 {
         int             dev;
         struct snd_card *       card;
+        int err;
+
         for (dev = 0; dev < SNDRV_CARDS; ++dev)
                 if (enable[dev] && !snd_usX2Y_card_used[dev])
                         break;
         if (dev >= SNDRV_CARDS)
-                return NULL;
-        card = snd_card_new(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE, sizeof(struct usX2Ydev));
-        if (!card)
-                return NULL;
+                return -ENODEV;
+        err = snd_card_create(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+                              sizeof(struct usX2Ydev), &card);
+        if (err < 0)
+                return err;
         snd_usX2Y_card_used[usX2Y(card)->chip.index = dev] = 1;
         card->private_free = snd_usX2Y_card_private_free;
         usX2Y(card)->chip.dev = device;
@@ -362,26 +365,36 @@ static struct snd_card *usX2Y_create_card(struct usb_device *device)
                 usX2Y(card)->chip.dev->bus->busnum, usX2Y(card)->chip.dev->devnum
                 );
         snd_card_set_dev(card, &device->dev);
-        return card;
+        *cardp = card;
+        return 0;
 }
 
 
-static void *usX2Y_usb_probe(struct usb_device *device, struct usb_interface *intf, const struct usb_device_id *device_id)
+static int usX2Y_usb_probe(struct usb_device *device,
+                           struct usb_interface *intf,
+                           const struct usb_device_id *device_id,
+                           struct snd_card **cardp)
 {
         int             err;
         struct snd_card *       card;
+
+        *cardp = NULL;
         if (le16_to_cpu(device->descriptor.idVendor) != 0x1604 ||
             (le16_to_cpu(device->descriptor.idProduct) != USB_ID_US122 &&
              le16_to_cpu(device->descriptor.idProduct) != USB_ID_US224 &&
-             le16_to_cpu(device->descriptor.idProduct) != USB_ID_US428) ||
-            !(card = usX2Y_create_card(device)))
-                return NULL;
+             le16_to_cpu(device->descriptor.idProduct) != USB_ID_US428))
+                return -EINVAL;
+
+        err = usX2Y_create_card(device, &card);
+        if (err < 0)
+                return err;
         if ((err = usX2Y_hwdep_new(card, device)) < 0  ||
             (err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
                 snd_card_free(card);
-                return NULL;
+                return err;
         }
-        return card;
+        *cardp = card;
+        return 0;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -389,13 +402,14 @@ static void *usX2Y_usb_probe(struct usb_device *device, struct usb_interface *in
  */
 static int snd_usX2Y_probe(struct usb_interface *intf, const struct usb_device_id *id)
 {
-        void *chip;
-        chip = usX2Y_usb_probe(interface_to_usbdev(intf), intf, id);
-        if (chip) {
-                usb_set_intfdata(intf, chip);
-                return 0;
-        } else
-                return -EIO;
+        struct snd_card *card;
+        int err;
+
+        err = usX2Y_usb_probe(interface_to_usbdev(intf), intf, id, &card);
+        if (err < 0)
+                return err;
+        dev_set_drvdata(&intf->dev, card);
+        return 0;
 }
 
 static void snd_usX2Y_disconnect(struct usb_interface *intf)