litmus-rt.git - The LITMUS^RT kernel.

/*
 * net/sched/sch_htb.c	Hierarchical token bucket, feed tree version
 *
 *		This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 *		modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
 *		as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
 *		2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * Authors:	Martin Devera, <devik@cdi.cz>
 *
 * Credits (in time order) for older HTB versions:
 *              Stef Coene <stef.coene@docum.org>
 *			HTB support at LARTC mailing list
 *		Ondrej Kraus, <krauso@barr.cz>
 *			found missing INIT_QDISC(htb)
 *		Vladimir Smelhaus, Aamer Akhter, Bert Hubert
 *			helped a lot to locate nasty class stall bug
 *		Andi Kleen, Jamal Hadi, Bert Hubert
 *			code review and helpful comments on shaping
 *		Tomasz Wrona, <tw@eter.tym.pl>
 *			created test case so that I was able to fix nasty bug
 *		Wilfried Weissmann
 *			spotted bug in dequeue code and helped with fix
 *		Jiri Fojtasek
 *			fixed requeue routine
 *		and many others. thanks.
 */
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/skbuff.h>
#include <linux/list.h>
#include <linux/compiler.h>
#include <linux/rbtree.h>
#include <linux/workqueue.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <net/netlink.h>
#include <net/pkt_sched.h>

/* HTB algorithm.
    Author: devik@cdi.cz
    ========================================================================
    HTB is like TBF with multiple classes. It is also similar to CBQ because
    it allows to assign priority to each class in hierarchy.
    In fact it is another implementation of Floyd's formal sharing.

    Levels:
    Each class is assigned level. Leaf has ALWAYS level 0 and root
    classes have level TC_HTB_MAXDEPTH-1. Interior nodes has level
    one less than their parent.
*/

static int htb_hysteresis __read_mostly = 0; /* whether to use mode hysteresis for speedup */
#define HTB_VER 0x30011		/* major must be matched with number suplied by TC as version */

#if HTB_VER >> 16 != TC_HTB_PROTOVER
#error "Mismatched sch_htb.c and pkt_sch.h"
#endif

/* Module parameter and sysfs export */
module_param    (htb_hysteresis, int, 0640);
MODULE_PARM_DESC(htb_hysteresis, "Hysteresis mode, less CPU load, less accurate");

/* used internaly to keep status of single class */
enum htb_cmode {
	HTB_CANT_SEND,		/* class can't send and can't borrow */
	HTB_MAY_BORROW,		/* class can't send but may borrow */
	HTB_CAN_SEND		/* class can send */
};

/* interior & leaf nodes; props specific to leaves are marked L: */
struct htb_class {
	struct Qdisc_class_common common;
	/* general class parameters */
	struct gnet_stats_basic_packed bstats;
	struct gnet_stats_queue qstats;
	struct gnet_stats_rate_est rate_est;
	struct tc_htb_xstats xstats;	/* our special stats */
	int refcnt;		/* usage count of this class */

	/* topology */
	int level;		/* our level (see above) */
	unsigned int children;
	struct htb_class *parent;	/* parent class */

	int prio;		/* these two are used only by leaves... */
	int quantum;		/* but stored for parent-to-leaf return */

	union {
		struct htb_class_leaf {
			struct Qdisc *q;
			int deficit[TC_HTB_MAXDEPTH];
			struct list_head drop_list;
		} leaf;
		struct htb_class_inner {
			struct rb_root feed[TC_HTB_NUMPRIO];	/* feed trees */
			struct rb_node *ptr[TC_HTB_NUMPRIO];	/* current class ptr */
			/* When class changes from state 1->2 and disconnects from
			   parent's feed then we lost ptr value and start from the
			   first child again. Here we store classid of the
			   last valid ptr (used when ptr is NULL). */
			u32 last_ptr_id[TC_HTB_NUMPRIO];
		} inner;
	} un;
	struct rb_node node[TC_HTB_NUMPRIO];	/* node for self or feed tree */
	struct rb_node pq_node;	/* node for event queue */
	psched_time_t pq_key;

	int prio_activity;	/* for which prios are we active */
	enum htb_cmode cmode;	/* current mode of the class */

	/* class attached filters */
	struct tcf_proto *filter_list;
	int filter_cnt;

	/* token bucket parameters */
	struct qdisc_rate_table *rate;	/* rate table of the class itself */
	struct qdisc_rate_table *ceil;	/* ceiling rate (limits borrows too) */
	long buffer, cbuffer;	/* token bucket depth/rate */
	psched_tdiff_t mbuffer;	/* max wait time */
	long tokens, ctokens;	/* current number of tokens */
	psched_time_t t_c;	/* checkpoint time */
};

struct htb_sched {
	struct Qdisc_class_hash clhash;
	struct list_head drops[TC_HTB_NUMPRIO];/* active leaves (for drops) */

	/* self list - roots of self generating tree */
	struct rb_root row[TC_HTB_MAXDEPTH][TC_HTB_NUMPRIO];
	int row_mask[TC_HTB_MAXDEPTH];
	struct rb_node *ptr[TC_HTB_MAXDEPTH][TC_HTB_NUMPRIO];
	u32 last_ptr_id[TC_HTB_MAXDEPTH][TC_HTB_NUMPRIO];

	/* self wait list - roots of wait PQs per row */
	struct rb_root wait_pq[TC_HTB_MAXDEPTH];

	/* time of nearest event per level (row) */
	psched_time_t near_ev_cache[TC_HTB_MAXDEPTH];

	int defcls;		/* class where unclassified flows go to */

	/* filters for qdisc itself */
	struct tcf_proto *filter_list;

	int rate2quantum;	/* quant = rate / rate2quantum */
	psched_time_t now;	/* cached dequeue time */
	struct qdisc_watchdog watchdog;

	/* non shaped skbs; let them go directly thru */
	struct sk_buff_head direct_queue;
	int direct_qlen;	/* max qlen of above */

	long direct_pkts;

#define HTB_WARN_TOOMANYEVENTS	0x1
	unsigned int warned;	/* only one warning */
	struct work_struct work;
};

/* find class in global hash table using given handle */
static inline struct htb_class *htb_find(u32 handle, struct Qdisc *sch)
{
	struct htb_sched *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
	struct Qdisc_class_common *clc;

	clc = qdisc_class_find(&q->clhash, handle);
	if (clc == NULL)
		return NULL;
	return container_of(clc, struct htb_class, common);
}

/**
 * htb_classify - classify a packet into class
 *
 * It returns NULL if the packet should be dropped or -1 if the packet
 * should be passed directly thru. In all other cases leaf class is returned.
 * We allow direct class selection by classid in priority. The we examine
 * filters in qdisc and in inner nodes (if higher filter points to the inner
 * node). If we end up with classid MAJOR:0 we enqueue the skb into special
 * internal fifo (direct). These packets then go directly thru. If we still
 * have no valid leaf we try to use MAJOR:default leaf. It still unsuccessfull
 * then finish and return direct queue.
 */
#define HTB_DIRECT (struct htb_class*)-1

static struct htb_class *htb_classify(struct sk_buff *skb, struct Qdisc *sch,
				      int *qerr)
{
	struct htb_sched *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
	struct htb_class *cl;
	struct tcf_result res;
	struct tcf_proto *tcf;
	int result;

	/* allow to select class by setting skb->priority to valid classid;
	   note that nfmark can be used too by attaching filter fw with no
	   rules in it */
	if (skb->priority == sch->handle)
		return HTB_DIRECT;	/* X:0 (direct flow) selected */
	if ((cl = htb_find(skb->priority, sch)) != NULL && cl->level == 0)
		return cl;

	*qerr = NET_XMIT_SUCCESS | __NET_XMIT_BYPASS;
	tcf = q->filter_list;
	while (tcf && (result = tc_classify(skb, tcf, &res)) >= 0) {
#ifdef CONFIG_NET_CLS_ACT
		switch (result) {
		case TC_ACT_QUEUED:
		case TC_ACT_STOLEN:
			*qerr = NET_XMIT_SUCCESS | __NET_XMIT_STOLEN;
		case TC_ACT_SHOT:
			return NULL;
		}
#endif
		if ((cl = (void *)res.class) == NULL) {
			if (res.classid == sch->handle)
				return HTB_DIRECT;	/* X:0 (direct flow) */
			if ((cl = htb_find(res.classid, sch)) == NULL)
				break;	/* filter selected invalid classid */
		}
		if (!cl->level)
			return cl;	/* we hit leaf; return it */

		/* we have got inner class; apply inner filter chain */
		tcf = cl->filter_list;
	}
	/* classification failed; try to use default class */
	cl = htb_find(TC_H_MAKE(TC_H_MAJ(sch->handle), q->defcls), sch);
	if (!cl || cl->level)
		return HTB_DIRECT;	/* bad default .. this is safe bet */
	return cl;
}

/**
 * htb_add_to_id_tree - adds class to the round robin list
 *
 * Routine adds class to the list (actually tree) sorted by classid.
 * Make sure that class is not already on such list for given prio.
 */
static void htb_add_to_id_tree(struct rb_root *root,
			       struct htb_class *cl, int prio)
{
	struct rb_node **p = &root->rb_node, *parent = NULL;

	while (*p) {
		struct htb_class *c;
		parent = *p;
		c = rb_entry(parent, struct htb_class, node[prio]);

		if (cl->common.classid > c->common.classid)
			p = &parent->rb_right;
		else
			p = &parent->rb_left;
	}
	rb_link_node(&cl->node[prio], parent, p);
	rb_insert_color(&cl->node[prio], root);
}

/**
 * htb_add_to_wait_tree - adds class to the event queue with delay
 *
 * The class is added to priority event queue to indicate that class will
 * change its mode in cl->pq_key microseconds. Make sure that class is not
 * already in the queue.
 */
static void htb_add_to_wait_tree(struct htb_sched *q,
				 struct htb_class *cl, long delay)
{
	struct rb_node **p = &q->wait_pq[cl->level].rb_node, *parent = NULL;

	cl->pq_key = q->now + delay;
	if (cl->pq_key == q->now)
		cl->pq_key++;

	/* update the nearest event cache */
	if (q->near_ev_cache[cl->level] > cl->pq_key)
		q->near_ev_cache[cl->level] = cl->pq_key;

	while (*p) {
		struct htb_class *c;
		parent = *p;
		c = rb_entry(parent, struct htb_class, pq_node);
		if (cl->pq_key >= c->pq_key)
			p = &parent->rb_right;
		else
			p = &parent->rb_left;
	}
	rb_link_node(&cl->pq_node, parent, p);
	rb_insert_color(&cl->pq_node, &q->wait_pq[cl->level]);
}

/**
 * htb_next_rb_node - finds next node in binary tree
 *
 * When we are past last key we return NULL.
 * Average complexity is 2 steps per call.
 */
static inline void htb_next_rb_node(struct rb_node **n)
{
	*n = rb_next(*n);
}

/**
 * htb_add_class_to_row - add class to its row
 *
 * The class is added to row at priorities marked in mask.
 * It does nothing if mask == 0.
 */
static inline void htb_add_class_to_row(struct htb_sched *q,
					struct htb_class *cl, int mask)
{
	q->row_mask[cl->level] |= mask;
	while (mask) {
		int prio = ffz(~mask);
		mask &= ~(1 << prio);
		htb_add_to_id_tree(q->row[cl->level] + prio, cl, prio);
	}
}

/* If this triggers, it is a bug in this code, but it need not be fatal */
static void htb_safe_rb_erase(struct rb_node *rb, struct rb_root *root)
{
	if (RB_EMPTY_NODE(rb)) {
		WARN_ON(1);
	} else {
		rb_erase(rb, root);
		RB_CLEAR_NODE(rb);
	}
}


/**
 * htb_remove_class_from_row - removes class from its row
 *
 * The class is removed from row at priorities marked in mask.
 * It does nothing if mask == 0.
 */
static inline void htb_remove_class_from_row(struct htb_sched *q,
						 struct htb_class *cl, int mask)
{
	int m = 0;

	while (mask) {
		int prio = ffz(~mask);

		mask &= ~(1 << prio);
		if (q->ptr[cl->level][prio] == cl->node + prio)
			htb_next_rb_node(q->ptr[cl->level] + prio);

		htb_safe_rb_erase(cl->node + prio, q->row[cl->level] + prio);
		if (!q->row[cl->level][prio].rb_node)
			m |= 1 << prio;
	}
	q->row_mask[cl->level] &= ~m;
}

/**
 * htb_activate_prios - creates active classe's feed chain
 *
 * The class is connected to ancestors and/or appropriate rows
 * for priorities it is participating on. cl->cmode must be new
 * (activated) mode. It does nothing if cl->prio_activity == 0.
 */
static void htb_activate_prios(struct htb_sched *q, struct htb_class *cl)
{
	struct htb_class *p = cl->parent;
	long m, mask = cl->prio_activity;

	while (cl->cmode == HTB_MAY_BORROW && p && mask) {
		m = mask;
		while (m) {
			int prio = ffz(~m);
			m &= ~(1 << prio);

			if (p->un.inner.feed[prio].rb_node)
				/* parent already has its feed in use so that
				   reset bit in mask as parent is already ok */
				mask &= ~(1 << prio);

			htb_add_to_id_tree(p->un.inner.feed + prio, cl, prio);
		}
		p->prio_activity |= mask;
		cl = p;
		p = cl->parent;

	}
	if (cl->cmode == HTB_CAN_SEND && mask)
		htb_add_class_to_row(q, cl, mask);
}

/**
 * htb_deactivate_prios - remove class from feed chain
 *
 * cl->cmode must represent old mode (before deactivation). It does
 * nothing if cl->prio_activity == 0. Class is removed from all feed
 * chains and rows.
 */
static void htb_deactivate_prios(struct htb_sched *q, struct htb_class *cl)
{
	struct htb_class *p = cl->parent;
	long m, mask = cl->prio_activity;

	while (cl->cmode == HTB_MAY_BORROW && p && mask) {
		m = mask;
		mask = 0;
		while (m) {
			int prio = ffz(~m);
			m &= ~(1 << prio);

			if (p->un.inner.ptr[prio] == cl->node + prio) {
				/* we are removing child which is pointed to from
				   parent feed - forget the pointer but remember
				   classid */
				p->un.inner.last_ptr_id[prio] = cl->common.classid;
				p->un.inner.ptr[prio] = NULL;
			}

			htb_safe_rb_erase(cl->node + prio, p->un.inner.feed + prio);

			if (!p->un.inner.feed[prio].rb_node)
				mask |= 1 << prio;
		}

		p->prio_activity &= ~mask;
		cl = p;
		p = cl->parent;

	}
	if (cl->cmode == HTB_CAN_SEND && mask)
		htb_remove_class_from_row(q, cl, mask);
}

static inline long htb_lowater(const struct htb_class *cl)
{
	if (htb_hysteresis)
		return cl->cmode != HTB_CANT_SEND ? -cl->cbuffer : 0;
	else
		return 0;
}
static inline long htb_hiwater(const struct htb_class *cl)
{
	if (htb_hysteresis)
		return cl->cmode == HTB_CAN_SEND ? -cl->buffer : 0;
	else
		return 0;
}


/**
 * htb_class_mode - computes and returns current class mode
 *
 * It computes cl's mode at time cl->t_c+diff and returns it. If mode
 * is not HTB_CAN_SEND then cl->pq_key is updated to time difference
 * from now to time when cl will change its state.
 * Also it is worth to note that class mode doesn't change simply
 * at cl->{c,}tokens == 0 but there can rather be hysteresis of
 * 0 .. -cl->{c,}buffer range. It is meant to limit number of
 * mode transitions per time unit. The speed gain is about 1/6.
 */
static inline enum htb_cmode
htb_class_mode(struct htb_class *cl, long *diff)
{
	long toks;

	if ((toks = (cl->ctokens + *diff)) < htb_lowater(cl)) {
		*diff = -toks;
		return HTB_CANT_SEND;
	}

	if ((toks = (cl->tokens + *diff)) >= htb_hiwater(cl))
		return HTB_CAN_SEND;

	*diff = -toks;
	return HTB_MAY_BORROW;
}

/**
 * htb_change_class_mode - changes classe's mode
 *
 * This should be the only way how to change classe's mode under normal
 * cirsumstances. Routine will update feed lists linkage, change mode
 * and add class to the wait event queue if appropriate. New mode should
 * be different from old one and cl->pq_key has to be valid if changing
 * to mode other than HTB_CAN_SEND (see htb_add_to_wait_tree).
 */
static void
htb_change_class_mode(struct htb_sched *q, struct htb_class *cl, long *diff)
{
	enum htb_cmode new_mode = htb_class_mode(cl, diff);

	if (new_mode == cl->cmode)
		return;

	if (cl->prio_activity) {	/* not necessary: speed optimization */
		if (cl->cmode != HTB_CANT_SEND)
			htb_deactivate_prios(q, cl);
		cl->cmode = new_mode;
		if (new_mode != HTB_CANT_SEND)
			htb_activate_prios(q, cl);
	} else
		cl->cmode = new_mode;
}

/**
 * htb_activate - inserts leaf cl into appropriate active feeds
 *
 * Routine learns (new) priority of leaf and activates feed chain
 * for the prio. It can be called on already active leaf safely.
 * It also adds leaf into droplist.
 */
static inline void htb_activate(struct htb_sched *q, struct htb_class *cl)
{
	WARN_ON(cl->level || !cl->un.leaf.q || !cl->un.leaf.q->q.qlen);

	if (!cl->prio_activity) {
		cl->prio_activity = 1 << cl->prio;
		htb_activate_prios(q, cl);
		list_add_tail(&cl->un.leaf.drop_list,
			      q->drops + cl->prio);
	}
}

/**
 * htb_deactivate - remove leaf cl from active feeds
 *
 * Make sure that leaf is active. In the other words it can't be called
 * with non-active leaf. It also removes class from the drop list.
 */
static inline void htb_deactivate(struct htb_sched *q, struct htb_class *cl)
{
	WARN_ON(!cl->prio_activity);

	htb_deactivate_prios(q, cl);
	cl->prio_activity = 0;
	list_del_init(&cl->un.leaf.drop_list);
}

static int htb_enqueue(struct sk_buff *skb, struct Qdisc *sch)
{
	int uninitialized_var(ret);
	struct htb_sched *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
	struct htb_class *cl = htb_classify(skb, sch, &ret);

	if (cl == HTB_DIRECT) {
		/* enqueue to helper queue */
		if (q->direct_queue.qlen < q->direct_qlen) {
			__skb_queue_tail(&q->direct_queue, skb);
			q->direct_pkts++;
		} else {
			kfree_skb(skb);
			sch->qstats.drops++;
			return NET_XMIT_DROP;
		}
#ifdef CONFIG_NET_CLS_ACT
	} else if (!cl) {
		if (ret & __NET_XMIT_BYPASS)
			sch->qstats.drops++;
		kfree_skb(skb);
		return ret;
#endif
	} else if ((ret = qdisc_enqueue(skb, cl->un.leaf.q)) != NET_XMIT_SUCCESS) {
		if (net_xmit_drop_count(ret)) {
			sch->qstats.drops++;
			cl->qstats.drops++;
		}
		return ret;
	} else {
		cl->bstats.packets +=
			skb_is_gso(skb)?skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_segs:1;
		cl->bstats.bytes += qdisc_pkt_len(skb);
		htb_activate(q, cl);
	}

	sch->q.qlen++;
	sch->bstats.packets += skb_is_gso(skb)?skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_segs:1;
	sch->bstats.bytes += qdisc_pkt_len(skb);
	return NET_XMIT_SUCCESS;
}

static inline void htb_accnt_tokens(struct htb_class *cl, int bytes, long diff)
{
	long toks = diff + cl->tokens;

	if (toks > cl->buffer)
		toks = cl->buffer;
	toks -= (long) qdisc_l2t(cl->rate, bytes);
	if (toks <= -cl->mbuffer)
		toks = 1 - cl->mbuffer;

	cl->tokens = toks;
}

static inline void htb_accnt_ctokens(struct htb_class *cl, int bytes, long diff)
{
	long toks = diff + cl->ctokens;

	if (toks > cl->cbuffer)
		toks = cl->cbuffer;
	toks -= (long) qdisc_l2t(cl->ceil, bytes);
	if (toks <= -cl->mbuffer)
		toks = 1 - cl->mbuffer;

	cl->ctokens = toks;
}

/**
 * htb_charge_class - charges amount "bytes" to leaf and ancestors
 *
 * Routine assumes that packet "bytes" long was dequeued from leaf cl
 * borrowing from "level". It accounts bytes to ceil leaky bucket for
 * leaf and all ancestors and to rate bucket for ancestors at levels
 * "level" and higher. It also handles possible change of mode resulting
 * from the update. Note that mode can also increase here (MAY_BORROW to
 * CAN_SEND) because we can use more precise clock that event queue here.
 * In such case we remove class from event queue first.
 */
static void htb_charge_class(struct htb_sched *q, struct htb_class *cl,
			     int level, struct sk_buff *skb)
{
	int bytes = qdisc_pkt_len(skb);
	enum htb_cmode old_mode;
	long diff;

	while (cl) {
		diff = psched_tdiff_bounded(q->now, cl->t_c, cl->mbuffer);
		if (cl->level >= level) {
			if (cl->level == level)
				cl->xstats.lends++;
			htb_accnt_tokens(cl, bytes, diff);
		} else {
			cl->xstats.borrows++;
			cl->tokens += diff;	/* we moved t_c; update tokens */
		}
		htb_accnt_ctokens(cl, bytes, diff);
		cl->t_c = q->now;

		old_mode = cl->cmode;
		diff = 0;
		htb_change_class_mode(q, cl, &diff);
		if (old_mode != cl->cmode) {
			if (old_mode != HTB_CAN_SEND)
				htb_safe_rb_erase(&cl->pq_node, q->wait_pq + cl->level);
			if (cl->cmode != HTB_CAN_SEND)
				htb_add_to_wait_tree(q, cl, diff);
		}

		/* update byte stats except for leaves which are already updated */
		if (cl->level) {
			cl->bstats.bytes += bytes;
			cl->bstats.packets += skb_is_gso(skb)?
					skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_segs:1;
		}
		cl = cl->parent;
	}
}

/**
 * htb_do_events - make mode changes to classes at the level
 *
 * Scans event queue for pending events and applies them. Returns time of
 * next pending event (0 for no event in pq, q->now for too many events).
 * Note: Applied are events whose have cl->pq_key <= q->now.
 */
static psched_time_t htb_do_events(struct htb_sched *q, int level,
				   unsigned long start)
{
	/* don't run for longer than 2 jiffies; 2 is used instead of
	   1 to simplify things when jiffy is going to be incremented
	   too soon */
	unsigned long stop_at = start + 2;
	while (time_before(jiffies, stop_at)) {
		struct htb_class *cl;
		long diff;
		struct rb_node *p = rb_first(&q->wait_pq[level]);

		if (!p)
			return 0;

		cl = rb_entry(p, struct htb_class, pq_node);
		if (cl->pq_key > q->now)
			return cl->pq_key;

		htb_safe_rb_erase(p, q->wait_pq + level);
		diff = psched_tdiff_bounded(q->now, cl->t_c, cl->mbuffer);
		htb_change_class_mode(q, cl, &diff);
		if (cl->cmode != HTB_CAN_SEND)
			htb_add_to_wait_tree(q, cl, diff);
	}

	/* too much load - let's continue after a break for scheduling */
	if (!(q->warned & HTB_WARN_TOOMANYEVENTS)) {
		printk(KERN_WARNING "htb: too many events!\n");
		q->warned |= HTB_WARN_TOOMANYEVENTS;
	}

	return q->now;
}

/* Returns class->node+prio from id-tree where classe's id is >= id. NULL
   is no such one exists. */
static struct rb_node *htb_id_find_next_upper(int prio, struct rb_node *n,
					      u32 id)
{
	struct rb_node *r = NULL;
	while (n) {
		struct htb_class *cl =
		    rb_entry(n, struct htb_class, node[prio]);

		if (id > cl->common.classid) {
			n = n->rb_right;
		} else if (id < cl->common.classid) {
			r = n;
			n = n->rb_left;
		} else {
			return n;
		}
	}
	return r;
}

/**
 * htb_lookup_leaf - returns next leaf class in DRR order
 *
 * Find leaf where current feed pointers points to.
 */
static struct htb_class *htb_lookup_leaf(struct rb_root *tree, int prio,
					 struct rb_node **pptr, u32 * pid)
{
	int i;
	struct {
		struct rb_node *root;
		struct rb_node **pptr;
		u32 *pid;
	} stk[TC_HTB_MAXDEPTH], *sp = stk;

	BUG_ON(!tree->rb_node);
	sp->root = tree->rb_node;
	sp->pptr = pptr;
	sp->pid = pid;

	for (i = 0; i < 65535; i++) {
		if (!*sp->pptr && *sp->pid) {
			/* ptr was invalidated but id is valid - try to recover
			   the original or next ptr */
			*sp->pptr =
			    htb_id_find_next_upper(prio, sp->root, *sp->pid);
		}
		*sp->pid = 0;	/* ptr is valid now so that remove this hint as it
				   can become out of date quickly */
		if (!*sp->pptr) {	/* we are at right end; rewind & go up */
			*sp->pptr = sp->root;
			while ((*sp->pptr)->rb_left)
				*sp->pptr = (*sp->pptr)->rb_left;
			if (sp > stk) {
				sp--;
				if (!*sp->pptr) {
					WARN_ON(1);
					return NULL;
				}
				htb_next_rb_node(sp->pptr);
			}
		} else {
			struct htb_class *cl;
			cl = rb_entry(*sp->pptr, struct htb_class, node[prio]);
			if (!cl->level)
				return cl;
			(++sp)->root = cl->un.inner.feed[prio].rb_node;
			sp->pptr = cl->un.inner.ptr + prio;
			sp->pid = cl->un.inner.last_ptr_id + prio;
		}
	}
	WARN_ON(1);
	return NULL;
}

/* dequeues packet at given priority and level; call only if
   you are sure that there is active class at prio/level */
static struct sk_buff *htb_dequeue_tree(struct htb_sched *q, int prio,
					int level)
{
	struct sk_buff *skb = NULL;
	struct htb_class *cl, *start;
	/* look initial class up in the row */
	start = cl = htb_lookup_leaf(q->row[level] + prio, prio,
				     q->ptr[level] + prio,
				     q->last_ptr_id[level] + prio);

	do {
next:
		if (unlikely(!cl))
			return NULL;

		/* class can be empty - it is unlikely but can be true if leaf
		   qdisc drops packets in enqueue routine or if someone used
		   graft operation on the leaf since last dequeue;
		   simply deactivate and skip such class */
		if (unlikely(cl->un.leaf.q->q.qlen == 0)) {
			struct htb_class *next;
			htb_deactivate(q, cl);

			/* row/level might become empty */
			if ((q->row_mask[level] & (1 << prio)) == 0)
				return NULL;

			next = htb_lookup_leaf(q->row[level] + prio,
					       prio, q->ptr[level] + prio,
					       q->last_ptr_id[level] + prio);

			if (cl == start)	/* fix start if we just deleted it */
				start = next;
			cl = next;
			goto next;
		}

		skb = cl->un.leaf.q->dequeue(cl->un.leaf.q);
		if (likely(skb != NULL))
			break;

		qdisc_warn_nonwc("htb", cl->un.leaf.q);
		htb_next_rb_node((level ? cl->parent->un.inner.ptr : q->
				  ptr[0]) + prio);
		cl = htb_lookup_leaf(q->row[level] + prio, prio,
				     q->ptr[level] + prio,
				     q->last_ptr_id[level] + prio);

	} while (cl != start);

	if (likely(skb != NULL)) {
		cl->un.leaf.deficit[level] -= qdisc_pkt_len(skb);
		if (cl->un.leaf.deficit[level] < 0) {
			cl->un.leaf.deficit[level] += cl->quantum;
			htb_next_rb_node((level ? cl->parent->un.inner.ptr : q->
					  ptr[0]) + prio);
		}
		/* this used to be after charge_class but this constelation
		   gives us slightly better performance */
		if (!cl->un.leaf.q->q.qlen)
			htb_deactivate(q, cl);
		htb_charge_class(q, cl, level, skb);
	}
	return skb;
}

static struct sk_buff *htb_dequeue(struct Qdisc *sch)
{
	struct sk_buff *skb = NULL;
	struct htb_sched *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
	int level;
	psched_time_t next_event;
	unsigned long start_at;

	/* try to dequeue direct packets as high prio (!) to minimize cpu work */
	skb = __skb_dequeue(&q->direct_queue);
	if (skb != NULL) {
		sch->flags &= ~TCQ_F_THROTTLED;
		sch->q.qlen--;
		return skb;
	}

	if (!sch->q.qlen)
		goto fin;
	q->now = psched_get_time();
	start_at = jiffies;

	next_event = q->now + 5 * PSCHED_TICKS_PER_SEC;

	for (level = 0; level < TC_HTB_MAXDEPTH; level++) {
		/* common case optimization - skip event handler quickly */
		int m;
		psched_time_t event;

		if (q->now >= q->near_ev_cache[level]) {
			event = htb_do_events(q, level, start_at);
			if (!event)
				event = q->now + PSCHED_TICKS_PER_SEC;
			q->near_ev_cache[level] = event;
		} else
			event = q->near_ev_cache[level];

		if (next_event > event)
			next_event = event;

		m = ~q->row_mask[level];
		while (m != (int)(-1)) {
			int prio = ffz(m);
			m |= 1 << prio;
			skb = htb_dequeue_tree(q, prio, level);
			if (likely(skb != NULL)) {
				sch->q.qlen--;
				sch->flags &= ~TCQ_F_THROTTLED;
				goto fin;
			}
		}
	}
	sch->qstats.overlimits++;
	if (likely(next_event > q->now))
		qdisc_watchdog_schedule(&q->watchdog, next_event);
	else
		schedule_work(&q->work);
fin:
	return skb;
}

/* try to drop from each class (by prio) until one succeed */
static unsigned int htb_drop(struct Qdisc *sch)
{
	struct htb_sched *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
	int prio;

	for (prio = TC_HTB_NUMPRIO - 1; prio >= 0; prio--) {
		struct list_head *p;
		list_for_each(p, q->drops + prio) {
			struct htb_class *cl = list_entry(p, struct htb_class,
							  un.leaf.drop_list);
			unsigned int len;
			if (cl->un.leaf.q->ops->drop &&
			    (len = cl->un.leaf.q->ops->drop(cl->un.leaf.q))) {
				sch->q.qlen--;
				if (!cl->un.leaf.q->q.qlen)
					htb_deactivate(q, cl);
				return len;
			}
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

/* reset all classes */
/* always caled under BH & queue lock */
static void htb_reset(struct Qdisc *sch)
{
	struct htb_sched *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
	struct htb_class *cl;
	struct hlist_node *n;
	unsigned int i;

	for (i = 0; i < q->clhash.hashsize; i++) {
		hlist_for_each_entry(cl, n, &q->clhash.hash[i], common.hnode) {
			if (cl->level)
				memset(&cl->un.inner, 0, sizeof(cl->un.inner));
			else {
				if (cl->un.leaf.q)
					qdisc_reset(cl->un.leaf.q);
				INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cl->un.leaf.drop_list);
			}
			cl->prio_activity = 0;
			cl->cmode = HTB_CAN_SEND;

		}
	}
	qdisc_watchdog_cancel(&q->watchdog);
	__skb_queue_purge(&q->direct_queue);
	sch->q.qlen = 0;
	memset(q->row, 0, sizeof(q->row));
	memset(q->row_mask, 0, sizeof(q->row_mask));


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