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-rw-r--r--kernel/rcupdate.c575
1 files changed, 25 insertions, 550 deletions
diff --git a/kernel/rcupdate.c b/kernel/rcupdate.c
index 4dfa0b792efa..0ccd0095ebdc 100644
--- a/kernel/rcupdate.c
+++ b/kernel/rcupdate.c
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
15 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software 15 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
16 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. 16 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
17 * 17 *
18 * Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2001 18 * Copyright IBM Corporation, 2001
19 * 19 *
20 * Authors: Dipankar Sarma <dipankar@in.ibm.com> 20 * Authors: Dipankar Sarma <dipankar@in.ibm.com>
21 * Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com> 21 * Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
@@ -35,163 +35,57 @@
35#include <linux/init.h> 35#include <linux/init.h>
36#include <linux/spinlock.h> 36#include <linux/spinlock.h>
37#include <linux/smp.h> 37#include <linux/smp.h>
38#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
39#include <linux/interrupt.h> 38#include <linux/interrupt.h>
40#include <linux/sched.h> 39#include <linux/sched.h>
41#include <asm/atomic.h> 40#include <asm/atomic.h>
42#include <linux/bitops.h> 41#include <linux/bitops.h>
43#include <linux/module.h>
44#include <linux/completion.h> 42#include <linux/completion.h>
45#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
46#include <linux/percpu.h> 43#include <linux/percpu.h>
47#include <linux/notifier.h> 44#include <linux/notifier.h>
48#include <linux/cpu.h> 45#include <linux/cpu.h>
49#include <linux/mutex.h> 46#include <linux/mutex.h>
47#include <linux/module.h>
50 48
51#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC 49struct rcu_synchronize {
52static struct lock_class_key rcu_lock_key; 50 struct rcu_head head;
53struct lockdep_map rcu_lock_map = 51 struct completion completion;
54 STATIC_LOCKDEP_MAP_INIT("rcu_read_lock", &rcu_lock_key);
55
56EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(rcu_lock_map);
57#endif
58
59/* Definition for rcupdate control block. */
60static struct rcu_ctrlblk rcu_ctrlblk = {
61 .cur = -300,
62 .completed = -300,
63 .lock = __SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED(&rcu_ctrlblk.lock),
64 .cpumask = CPU_MASK_NONE,
65};
66static struct rcu_ctrlblk rcu_bh_ctrlblk = {
67 .cur = -300,
68 .completed = -300,
69 .lock = __SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED(&rcu_bh_ctrlblk.lock),
70 .cpumask = CPU_MASK_NONE,
71}; 52};
72 53
73DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct rcu_data, rcu_data) = { 0L }; 54static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct rcu_head, rcu_barrier_head) = {NULL};
74DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct rcu_data, rcu_bh_data) = { 0L };
75
76static int blimit = 10;
77static int qhimark = 10000;
78static int qlowmark = 100;
79
80static atomic_t rcu_barrier_cpu_count; 55static atomic_t rcu_barrier_cpu_count;
81static DEFINE_MUTEX(rcu_barrier_mutex); 56static DEFINE_MUTEX(rcu_barrier_mutex);
82static struct completion rcu_barrier_completion; 57static struct completion rcu_barrier_completion;
83 58
84#ifdef CONFIG_SMP 59/* Because of FASTCALL declaration of complete, we use this wrapper */
85static void force_quiescent_state(struct rcu_data *rdp, 60static void wakeme_after_rcu(struct rcu_head *head)
86 struct rcu_ctrlblk *rcp)
87{
88 int cpu;
89 cpumask_t cpumask;
90 set_need_resched();
91 if (unlikely(!rcp->signaled)) {
92 rcp->signaled = 1;
93 /*
94 * Don't send IPI to itself. With irqs disabled,
95 * rdp->cpu is the current cpu.
96 */
97 cpumask = rcp->cpumask;
98 cpu_clear(rdp->cpu, cpumask);
99 for_each_cpu_mask(cpu, cpumask)
100 smp_send_reschedule(cpu);
101 }
102}
103#else
104static inline void force_quiescent_state(struct rcu_data *rdp,
105 struct rcu_ctrlblk *rcp)
106{ 61{
107 set_need_resched(); 62 struct rcu_synchronize *rcu;
63
64 rcu = container_of(head, struct rcu_synchronize, head);
65 complete(&rcu->completion);
108} 66}
109#endif
110 67
111/** 68/**
112 * call_rcu - Queue an RCU callback for invocation after a grace period. 69 * synchronize_rcu - wait until a grace period has elapsed.
113 * @head: structure to be used for queueing the RCU updates.
114 * @func: actual update function to be invoked after the grace period
115 * 70 *
116 * The update function will be invoked some time after a full grace 71 * Control will return to the caller some time after a full grace
117 * period elapses, in other words after all currently executing RCU 72 * period has elapsed, in other words after all currently executing RCU
118 * read-side critical sections have completed. RCU read-side critical 73 * read-side critical sections have completed. RCU read-side critical
119 * sections are delimited by rcu_read_lock() and rcu_read_unlock(), 74 * sections are delimited by rcu_read_lock() and rcu_read_unlock(),
120 * and may be nested. 75 * and may be nested.
121 */ 76 */
122void fastcall call_rcu(struct rcu_head *head, 77void synchronize_rcu(void)
123 void (*func)(struct rcu_head *rcu))
124{
125 unsigned long flags;
126 struct rcu_data *rdp;
127
128 head->func = func;
129 head->next = NULL;
130 local_irq_save(flags);
131 rdp = &__get_cpu_var(rcu_data);
132 *rdp->nxttail = head;
133 rdp->nxttail = &head->next;
134 if (unlikely(++rdp->qlen > qhimark)) {
135 rdp->blimit = INT_MAX;
136 force_quiescent_state(rdp, &rcu_ctrlblk);
137 }
138 local_irq_restore(flags);
139}
140
141/**
142 * call_rcu_bh - Queue an RCU for invocation after a quicker grace period.
143 * @head: structure to be used for queueing the RCU updates.
144 * @func: actual update function to be invoked after the grace period
145 *
146 * The update function will be invoked some time after a full grace
147 * period elapses, in other words after all currently executing RCU
148 * read-side critical sections have completed. call_rcu_bh() assumes
149 * that the read-side critical sections end on completion of a softirq
150 * handler. This means that read-side critical sections in process
151 * context must not be interrupted by softirqs. This interface is to be
152 * used when most of the read-side critical sections are in softirq context.
153 * RCU read-side critical sections are delimited by rcu_read_lock() and
154 * rcu_read_unlock(), * if in interrupt context or rcu_read_lock_bh()
155 * and rcu_read_unlock_bh(), if in process context. These may be nested.
156 */
157void fastcall call_rcu_bh(struct rcu_head *head,
158 void (*func)(struct rcu_head *rcu))
159{ 78{
160 unsigned long flags; 79 struct rcu_synchronize rcu;
161 struct rcu_data *rdp;
162
163 head->func = func;
164 head->next = NULL;
165 local_irq_save(flags);
166 rdp = &__get_cpu_var(rcu_bh_data);
167 *rdp->nxttail = head;
168 rdp->nxttail = &head->next;
169
170 if (unlikely(++rdp->qlen > qhimark)) {
171 rdp->blimit = INT_MAX;
172 force_quiescent_state(rdp, &rcu_bh_ctrlblk);
173 }
174
175 local_irq_restore(flags);
176}
177 80
178/* 81 init_completion(&rcu.completion);
179 * Return the number of RCU batches processed thus far. Useful 82 /* Will wake me after RCU finished */
180 * for debug and statistics. 83 call_rcu(&rcu.head, wakeme_after_rcu);
181 */
182long rcu_batches_completed(void)
183{
184 return rcu_ctrlblk.completed;
185}
186 84
187/* 85 /* Wait for it */
188 * Return the number of RCU batches processed thus far. Useful 86 wait_for_completion(&rcu.completion);
189 * for debug and statistics.
190 */
191long rcu_batches_completed_bh(void)
192{
193 return rcu_bh_ctrlblk.completed;
194} 87}
88EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(synchronize_rcu);
195 89
196static void rcu_barrier_callback(struct rcu_head *notused) 90static void rcu_barrier_callback(struct rcu_head *notused)
197{ 91{
@@ -205,10 +99,8 @@ static void rcu_barrier_callback(struct rcu_head *notused)
205static void rcu_barrier_func(void *notused) 99static void rcu_barrier_func(void *notused)
206{ 100{
207 int cpu = smp_processor_id(); 101 int cpu = smp_processor_id();
208 struct rcu_data *rdp = &per_cpu(rcu_data, cpu); 102 struct rcu_head *head = &per_cpu(rcu_barrier_head, cpu);
209 struct rcu_head *head;
210 103
211 head = &rdp->barrier;
212 atomic_inc(&rcu_barrier_cpu_count); 104 atomic_inc(&rcu_barrier_cpu_count);
213 call_rcu(head, rcu_barrier_callback); 105 call_rcu(head, rcu_barrier_callback);
214} 106}
@@ -229,425 +121,8 @@ void rcu_barrier(void)
229} 121}
230EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(rcu_barrier); 122EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(rcu_barrier);
231 123
232/* Raises the softirq for processing rcu_callbacks. */
233static inline void raise_rcu_softirq(void)
234{
235 raise_softirq(RCU_SOFTIRQ);
236 /*
237 * The smp_mb() here is required to ensure that this cpu's
238 * __rcu_process_callbacks() reads the most recently updated
239 * value of rcu->cur.
240 */
241 smp_mb();
242}
243
244/*
245 * Invoke the completed RCU callbacks. They are expected to be in
246 * a per-cpu list.
247 */
248static void rcu_do_batch(struct rcu_data *rdp)
249{
250 struct rcu_head *next, *list;
251 int count = 0;
252
253 list = rdp->donelist;
254 while (list) {
255 next = list->next;
256 prefetch(next);
257 list->func(list);
258 list = next;
259 if (++count >= rdp->blimit)
260 break;
261 }
262 rdp->donelist = list;
263
264 local_irq_disable();
265 rdp->qlen -= count;
266 local_irq_enable();
267 if (rdp->blimit == INT_MAX && rdp->qlen <= qlowmark)
268 rdp->blimit = blimit;
269
270 if (!rdp->donelist)
271 rdp->donetail = &rdp->donelist;
272 else
273 raise_rcu_softirq();
274}
275
276/*
277 * Grace period handling:
278 * The grace period handling consists out of two steps:
279 * - A new grace period is started.
280 * This is done by rcu_start_batch. The start is not broadcasted to
281 * all cpus, they must pick this up by comparing rcp->cur with
282 * rdp->quiescbatch. All cpus are recorded in the
283 * rcu_ctrlblk.cpumask bitmap.
284 * - All cpus must go through a quiescent state.
285 * Since the start of the grace period is not broadcasted, at least two
286 * calls to rcu_check_quiescent_state are required:
287 * The first call just notices that a new grace period is running. The
288 * following calls check if there was a quiescent state since the beginning
289 * of the grace period. If so, it updates rcu_ctrlblk.cpumask. If
290 * the bitmap is empty, then the grace period is completed.
291 * rcu_check_quiescent_state calls rcu_start_batch(0) to start the next grace
292 * period (if necessary).
293 */
294/*
295 * Register a new batch of callbacks, and start it up if there is currently no
296 * active batch and the batch to be registered has not already occurred.
297 * Caller must hold rcu_ctrlblk.lock.
298 */
299static void rcu_start_batch(struct rcu_ctrlblk *rcp)
300{
301 if (rcp->next_pending &&
302 rcp->completed == rcp->cur) {
303 rcp->next_pending = 0;
304 /*
305 * next_pending == 0 must be visible in
306 * __rcu_process_callbacks() before it can see new value of cur.
307 */
308 smp_wmb();
309 rcp->cur++;
310
311 /*
312 * Accessing nohz_cpu_mask before incrementing rcp->cur needs a
313 * Barrier Otherwise it can cause tickless idle CPUs to be
314 * included in rcp->cpumask, which will extend graceperiods
315 * unnecessarily.
316 */
317 smp_mb();
318 cpus_andnot(rcp->cpumask, cpu_online_map, nohz_cpu_mask);
319
320 rcp->signaled = 0;
321 }
322}
323
324/*
325 * cpu went through a quiescent state since the beginning of the grace period.
326 * Clear it from the cpu mask and complete the grace period if it was the last
327 * cpu. Start another grace period if someone has further entries pending
328 */
329static void cpu_quiet(int cpu, struct rcu_ctrlblk *rcp)
330{
331 cpu_clear(cpu, rcp->cpumask);
332 if (cpus_empty(rcp->cpumask)) {
333 /* batch completed ! */
334 rcp->completed = rcp->cur;
335 rcu_start_batch(rcp);
336 }
337}
338
339/*
340 * Check if the cpu has gone through a quiescent state (say context
341 * switch). If so and if it already hasn't done so in this RCU
342 * quiescent cycle, then indicate that it has done so.
343 */
344static void rcu_check_quiescent_state(struct rcu_ctrlblk *rcp,
345 struct rcu_data *rdp)
346{
347 if (rdp->quiescbatch != rcp->cur) {
348 /* start new grace period: */
349 rdp->qs_pending = 1;
350 rdp->passed_quiesc = 0;
351 rdp->quiescbatch = rcp->cur;
352 return;
353 }
354
355 /* Grace period already completed for this cpu?
356 * qs_pending is checked instead of the actual bitmap to avoid
357 * cacheline trashing.
358 */
359 if (!rdp->qs_pending)
360 return;
361
362 /*
363 * Was there a quiescent state since the beginning of the grace
364 * period? If no, then exit and wait for the next call.
365 */
366 if (!rdp->passed_quiesc)
367 return;
368 rdp->qs_pending = 0;
369
370 spin_lock(&rcp->lock);
371 /*
372 * rdp->quiescbatch/rcp->cur and the cpu bitmap can come out of sync
373 * during cpu startup. Ignore the quiescent state.
374 */
375 if (likely(rdp->quiescbatch == rcp->cur))
376 cpu_quiet(rdp->cpu, rcp);
377
378 spin_unlock(&rcp->lock);
379}
380
381
382#ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
383
384/* warning! helper for rcu_offline_cpu. do not use elsewhere without reviewing
385 * locking requirements, the list it's pulling from has to belong to a cpu
386 * which is dead and hence not processing interrupts.
387 */
388static void rcu_move_batch(struct rcu_data *this_rdp, struct rcu_head *list,
389 struct rcu_head **tail)
390{
391 local_irq_disable();
392 *this_rdp->nxttail = list;
393 if (list)
394 this_rdp->nxttail = tail;
395 local_irq_enable();
396}
397
398static void __rcu_offline_cpu(struct rcu_data *this_rdp,
399 struct rcu_ctrlblk *rcp, struct rcu_data *rdp)
400{
401 /* if the cpu going offline owns the grace period
402 * we can block indefinitely waiting for it, so flush
403 * it here
404 */
405 spin_lock_bh(&rcp->lock);
406 if (rcp->cur != rcp->completed)
407 cpu_quiet(rdp->cpu, rcp);
408 spin_unlock_bh(&rcp->lock);
409 rcu_move_batch(this_rdp, rdp->curlist, rdp->curtail);
410 rcu_move_batch(this_rdp, rdp->nxtlist, rdp->nxttail);
411 rcu_move_batch(this_rdp, rdp->donelist, rdp->donetail);
412}
413
414static void rcu_offline_cpu(int cpu)
415{
416 struct rcu_data *this_rdp = &get_cpu_var(rcu_data);
417 struct rcu_data *this_bh_rdp = &get_cpu_var(rcu_bh_data);
418
419 __rcu_offline_cpu(this_rdp, &rcu_ctrlblk,
420 &per_cpu(rcu_data, cpu));
421 __rcu_offline_cpu(this_bh_rdp, &rcu_bh_ctrlblk,
422 &per_cpu(rcu_bh_data, cpu));
423 put_cpu_var(rcu_data);
424 put_cpu_var(rcu_bh_data);
425}
426
427#else
428
429static void rcu_offline_cpu(int cpu)
430{
431}
432
433#endif
434
435/*
436 * This does the RCU processing work from softirq context.
437 */
438static void __rcu_process_callbacks(struct rcu_ctrlblk *rcp,
439 struct rcu_data *rdp)
440{
441 if (rdp->curlist && !rcu_batch_before(rcp->completed, rdp->batch)) {
442 *rdp->donetail = rdp->curlist;
443 rdp->donetail = rdp->curtail;
444 rdp->curlist = NULL;
445 rdp->curtail = &rdp->curlist;
446 }
447
448 if (rdp->nxtlist && !rdp->curlist) {
449 local_irq_disable();
450 rdp->curlist = rdp->nxtlist;
451 rdp->curtail = rdp->nxttail;
452 rdp->nxtlist = NULL;
453 rdp->nxttail = &rdp->nxtlist;
454 local_irq_enable();
455
456 /*
457 * start the next batch of callbacks
458 */
459
460 /* determine batch number */
461 rdp->batch = rcp->cur + 1;
462 /* see the comment and corresponding wmb() in
463 * the rcu_start_batch()
464 */
465 smp_rmb();
466
467 if (!rcp->next_pending) {
468 /* and start it/schedule start if it's a new batch */
469 spin_lock(&rcp->lock);
470 rcp->next_pending = 1;
471 rcu_start_batch(rcp);
472 spin_unlock(&rcp->lock);
473 }
474 }
475
476 rcu_check_quiescent_state(rcp, rdp);
477 if (rdp->donelist)
478 rcu_do_batch(rdp);
479}
480
481static void rcu_process_callbacks(struct softirq_action *unused)
482{
483 __rcu_process_callbacks(&rcu_ctrlblk, &__get_cpu_var(rcu_data));
484 __rcu_process_callbacks(&rcu_bh_ctrlblk, &__get_cpu_var(rcu_bh_data));
485}
486
487static int __rcu_pending(struct rcu_ctrlblk *rcp, struct rcu_data *rdp)
488{
489 /* This cpu has pending rcu entries and the grace period
490 * for them has completed.
491 */
492 if (rdp->curlist && !rcu_batch_before(rcp->completed, rdp->batch))
493 return 1;
494
495 /* This cpu has no pending entries, but there are new entries */
496 if (!rdp->curlist && rdp->nxtlist)
497 return 1;
498
499 /* This cpu has finished callbacks to invoke */
500 if (rdp->donelist)
501 return 1;
502
503 /* The rcu core waits for a quiescent state from the cpu */
504 if (rdp->quiescbatch != rcp->cur || rdp->qs_pending)
505 return 1;
506
507 /* nothing to do */
508 return 0;
509}
510
511/*
512 * Check to see if there is any immediate RCU-related work to be done
513 * by the current CPU, returning 1 if so. This function is part of the
514 * RCU implementation; it is -not- an exported member of the RCU API.
515 */
516int rcu_pending(int cpu)
517{
518 return __rcu_pending(&rcu_ctrlblk, &per_cpu(rcu_data, cpu)) ||
519 __rcu_pending(&rcu_bh_ctrlblk, &per_cpu(rcu_bh_data, cpu));
520}
521
522/*
523 * Check to see if any future RCU-related work will need to be done
524 * by the current CPU, even if none need be done immediately, returning
525 * 1 if so. This function is part of the RCU implementation; it is -not-
526 * an exported member of the RCU API.
527 */
528int rcu_needs_cpu(int cpu)
529{
530 struct rcu_data *rdp = &per_cpu(rcu_data, cpu);
531 struct rcu_data *rdp_bh = &per_cpu(rcu_bh_data, cpu);
532
533 return (!!rdp->curlist || !!rdp_bh->curlist || rcu_pending(cpu));
534}
535
536void rcu_check_callbacks(int cpu, int user)
537{
538 if (user ||
539 (idle_cpu(cpu) && !in_softirq() &&
540 hardirq_count() <= (1 << HARDIRQ_SHIFT))) {
541 rcu_qsctr_inc(cpu);
542 rcu_bh_qsctr_inc(cpu);
543 } else if (!in_softirq())
544 rcu_bh_qsctr_inc(cpu);
545 raise_rcu_softirq();
546}
547
548static void rcu_init_percpu_data(int cpu, struct rcu_ctrlblk *rcp,
549 struct rcu_data *rdp)
550{
551 memset(rdp, 0, sizeof(*rdp));
552 rdp->curtail = &rdp->curlist;
553 rdp->nxttail = &rdp->nxtlist;
554 rdp->donetail = &rdp->donelist;
555 rdp->quiescbatch = rcp->completed;
556 rdp->qs_pending = 0;
557 rdp->cpu = cpu;
558 rdp->blimit = blimit;
559}
560
561static void __cpuinit rcu_online_cpu(int cpu)
562{
563 struct rcu_data *rdp = &per_cpu(rcu_data, cpu);
564 struct rcu_data *bh_rdp = &per_cpu(rcu_bh_data, cpu);
565
566 rcu_init_percpu_data(cpu, &rcu_ctrlblk, rdp);
567 rcu_init_percpu_data(cpu, &rcu_bh_ctrlblk, bh_rdp);
568 open_softirq(RCU_SOFTIRQ, rcu_process_callbacks, NULL);
569}
570
571static int __cpuinit rcu_cpu_notify(struct notifier_block *self,
572 unsigned long action, void *hcpu)
573{
574 long cpu = (long)hcpu;
575 switch (action) {
576 case CPU_UP_PREPARE:
577 case CPU_UP_PREPARE_FROZEN:
578 rcu_online_cpu(cpu);
579 break;
580 case CPU_DEAD:
581 case CPU_DEAD_FROZEN:
582 rcu_offline_cpu(cpu);
583 break;
584 default:
585 break;
586 }
587 return NOTIFY_OK;
588}
589
590static struct notifier_block __cpuinitdata rcu_nb = {
591 .notifier_call = rcu_cpu_notify,
592};
593
594/*
595 * Initializes rcu mechanism. Assumed to be called early.
596 * That is before local timer(SMP) or jiffie timer (uniproc) is setup.
597 * Note that rcu_qsctr and friends are implicitly
598 * initialized due to the choice of ``0'' for RCU_CTR_INVALID.
599 */
600void __init rcu_init(void) 124void __init rcu_init(void)
601{ 125{
602 rcu_cpu_notify(&rcu_nb, CPU_UP_PREPARE, 126 __rcu_init();
603 (void *)(long)smp_processor_id());
604 /* Register notifier for non-boot CPUs */
605 register_cpu_notifier(&rcu_nb);
606}
607
608struct rcu_synchronize {
609 struct rcu_head head;
610 struct completion completion;
611};
612
613/* Because of FASTCALL declaration of complete, we use this wrapper */
614static void wakeme_after_rcu(struct rcu_head *head)
615{
616 struct rcu_synchronize *rcu;
617
618 rcu = container_of(head, struct rcu_synchronize, head);
619 complete(&rcu->completion);
620}
621
622/**
623 * synchronize_rcu - wait until a grace period has elapsed.
624 *
625 * Control will return to the caller some time after a full grace
626 * period has elapsed, in other words after all currently executing RCU
627 * read-side critical sections have completed. RCU read-side critical
628 * sections are delimited by rcu_read_lock() and rcu_read_unlock(),
629 * and may be nested.
630 *
631 * If your read-side code is not protected by rcu_read_lock(), do -not-
632 * use synchronize_rcu().
633 */
634void synchronize_rcu(void)
635{
636 struct rcu_synchronize rcu;
637
638 init_completion(&rcu.completion);
639 /* Will wake me after RCU finished */
640 call_rcu(&rcu.head, wakeme_after_rcu);
641
642 /* Wait for it */
643 wait_for_completion(&rcu.completion);
644} 127}
645 128
646module_param(blimit, int, 0);
647module_param(qhimark, int, 0);
648module_param(qlowmark, int, 0);
649EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(rcu_batches_completed);
650EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(rcu_batches_completed_bh);
651EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(call_rcu);
652EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(call_rcu_bh);
653EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(synchronize_rcu);