14 files changed, 181 insertions, 34 deletions

diff --git a/include/net/ieee80211.h b/include/net/ieee80211.h
index d5926bfb1fc9..d5147770ad47 100644
--- a/include/net/ieee80211.h
+++ b/include/net/ieee80211.h
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 #include <linux/kernel.h>       /* ARRAY_SIZE */
 #include <linux/wireless.h>
 
-#define IEEE80211_VERSION "git-1.1.7"
+#define IEEE80211_VERSION "git-1.1.13"
 
 #define IEEE80211_DATA_LEN              2304
 /* Maximum size for the MA-UNITDATA primitive, 802.11 standard section
@@ -104,6 +104,9 @@
 #define IEEE80211_SCTL_FRAG             0x000F
 #define IEEE80211_SCTL_SEQ              0xFFF0
 
+/* QOS control */
+#define IEEE80211_QCTL_TID              0x000F
+
 /* debug macros */
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_IEEE80211_DEBUG
@@ -1075,6 +1078,7 @@ struct ieee80211_device {
 
         int (*handle_management) (struct net_device * dev,
                                   struct ieee80211_network * network, u16 type);
+        int (*is_qos_active) (struct net_device *dev, struct sk_buff *skb);
 
         /* Typical STA methods */
         int (*handle_auth) (struct net_device * dev,
@@ -1243,7 +1247,8 @@ extern int ieee80211_set_encryption(struct ieee80211_device *ieee);
 extern int ieee80211_xmit(struct sk_buff *skb, struct net_device *dev);
 extern void ieee80211_txb_free(struct ieee80211_txb *);
 extern int ieee80211_tx_frame(struct ieee80211_device *ieee,
-                              struct ieee80211_hdr *frame, int len);
+                              struct ieee80211_hdr *frame, int hdr_len,
+                              int total_len, int encrypt_mpdu);
 
 /* ieee80211_rx.c */
 extern int ieee80211_rx(struct ieee80211_device *ieee, struct sk_buff *skb,
diff --git a/include/net/ieee80211softmac.h b/include/net/ieee80211softmac.h
index 052ed596a4e4..7a483ab4022f 100644
--- a/include/net/ieee80211softmac.h
+++ b/include/net/ieee80211softmac.h
@@ -86,6 +86,9 @@ struct ieee80211softmac_assoc_info {
         
         /* BSSID we're trying to associate to */
         char bssid[ETH_ALEN];
+
+        /* Rates supported by the network */
+        struct ieee80211softmac_ratesinfo supported_rates;
         
         /* some flags.
          * static_essid is valid if the essid is constant,
@@ -132,23 +135,26 @@ enum {
 struct ieee80211softmac_txrates {
         /* The Bit-Rate to be used for multicast frames. */
         u8 mcast_rate;
-        /* The Bit-Rate to be used for multicast fallback
-         * (If the device supports fallback and hardware-retry)
-         */
-        u8 mcast_fallback;
+
+        /* The Bit-Rate to be used for multicast management frames. */
+        u8 mgt_mcast_rate;
+
         /* The Bit-Rate to be used for any other (normal) data packet. */
         u8 default_rate;
         /* The Bit-Rate to be used for default fallback
          * (If the device supports fallback and hardware-retry)
          */
         u8 default_fallback;
+
+        /* This is the rate that the user asked for */
+        u8 user_rate;
 };
 
 /* Bits for txrates_change callback. */
 #define IEEE80211SOFTMAC_TXRATECHG_DEFAULT              (1 << 0) /* default_rate */
 #define IEEE80211SOFTMAC_TXRATECHG_DEFAULT_FBACK        (1 << 1) /* default_fallback */
 #define IEEE80211SOFTMAC_TXRATECHG_MCAST                (1 << 2) /* mcast_rate */
-#define IEEE80211SOFTMAC_TXRATECHG_MCAST_FBACK          (1 << 3) /* mcast_fallback */
+#define IEEE80211SOFTMAC_TXRATECHG_MGT_MCAST            (1 << 3) /* mgt_mcast_rate */
 
 struct ieee80211softmac_device {
         /* 802.11 structure for data stuff */
@@ -250,6 +256,28 @@ extern void ieee80211softmac_fragment_lost(struct net_device *dev,
  * Note that the rates need to be sorted. */
 extern void ieee80211softmac_set_rates(struct net_device *dev, u8 count, u8 *rates);
 
+/* Helper function which advises you the rate at which a frame should be
+ * transmitted at. */
+static inline u8 ieee80211softmac_suggest_txrate(struct ieee80211softmac_device *mac,
+                                                 int is_multicast,
+                                                 int is_mgt)
+{
+        struct ieee80211softmac_txrates *txrates = &mac->txrates;
+
+        if (!mac->associated)
+                return txrates->mgt_mcast_rate;
+
+        /* We are associated, sending unicast frame */
+        if (!is_multicast)
+                return txrates->default_rate;
+
+        /* We are associated, sending multicast frame */
+        if (is_mgt)
+                return txrates->mgt_mcast_rate;
+        else
+                return txrates->mcast_rate;
+}
+
 /* Start the SoftMAC. Call this after you initialized the device
  * and it is ready to run.
  */
@@ -282,7 +310,7 @@ extern void ieee80211softmac_stop(struct net_device *dev);
  *      - context set to the context data you want passed
  * The return value is 0, or an error.
  */
-typedef void (*notify_function_ptr)(struct net_device *dev, void *context);
+typedef void (*notify_function_ptr)(struct net_device *dev, int event_type, void *context);
 
 #define ieee80211softmac_notify(dev, event, fun, context) ieee80211softmac_notify_gfp(dev, event, fun, context, GFP_KERNEL);
 #define ieee80211softmac_notify_atomic(dev, event, fun, context) ieee80211softmac_notify_gfp(dev, event, fun, context, GFP_ATOMIC);
diff --git a/include/net/ieee80211softmac_wx.h b/include/net/ieee80211softmac_wx.h
index 3e0be453ecea..4ee3ad57283f 100644
--- a/include/net/ieee80211softmac_wx.h
+++ b/include/net/ieee80211softmac_wx.h
@@ -91,4 +91,9 @@ ieee80211softmac_wx_get_genie(struct net_device *dev,
                               struct iw_request_info *info,
                               union iwreq_data *wrqu,
                               char *extra);
+extern int
+ieee80211softmac_wx_set_mlme(struct net_device *dev,
+                             struct iw_request_info *info,
+                             union iwreq_data *wrqu,
+                             char *extra);
 #endif /* _IEEE80211SOFTMAC_WX */
diff --git a/include/net/ip.h b/include/net/ip.h
index 3d2e5ca62a5a..ead233c9540d 100644
--- a/include/net/ip.h
+++ b/include/net/ip.h
@@ -147,7 +147,6 @@ void ip_send_reply(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb, struct ip_reply_arg *ar
 struct ipv4_config
 {
         int     log_martians;
-        int     autoconfig;
         int     no_pmtu_disc;
 };
 
diff --git a/include/net/llc_if.h b/include/net/llc_if.h
index 090eaa0d71f9..c608812a8e89 100644
--- a/include/net/llc_if.h
+++ b/include/net/llc_if.h
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 #include <linux/if.h>
 #include <linux/if_arp.h>
 #include <linux/llc.h>
+#include <linux/etherdevice.h>
 #include <net/llc.h>
 
 #define LLC_DATAUNIT_PRIM       1
@@ -61,8 +62,6 @@
 #define LLC_STATUS_CONFLICT     7 /* disconnect conn */
 #define LLC_STATUS_RESET_DONE   8 /*  */
 
-extern u8 llc_mac_null_var[IFHWADDRLEN];
-
 /**
  *      llc_mac_null - determines if a address is a null mac address
  *      @mac: Mac address to test if null.
@@ -70,16 +69,20 @@ extern u8 llc_mac_null_var[IFHWADDRLEN];
  *      Determines if a given address is a null mac address.  Returns 0 if the
  *      address is not a null mac, 1 if the address is a null mac.
  */
-static __inline__ int llc_mac_null(u8 *mac)
+static inline int llc_mac_null(const u8 *mac)
 {
-        return !memcmp(mac, llc_mac_null_var, IFHWADDRLEN);
+        return is_zero_ether_addr(mac);
 }
 
-static __inline__ int llc_addrany(struct llc_addr *addr)
+static inline int llc_addrany(const struct llc_addr *addr)
 {
         return llc_mac_null(addr->mac) && !addr->lsap;
 }
 
+static inline int llc_mac_multicast(const u8 *mac)
+{
+        return is_multicast_ether_addr(mac);
+}
 /**
  *      llc_mac_match - determines if two mac addresses are the same
  *      @mac1: First mac address to compare.
@@ -89,9 +92,9 @@ static __inline__ int llc_addrany(struct llc_addr *addr)
  *      is not a complete match up to len, 1 if a complete match up to len is
  *      found.
  */
-static __inline__ int llc_mac_match(u8 *mac1, u8 *mac2)
+static inline int llc_mac_match(const u8 *mac1, const u8 *mac2)
 {
-        return !memcmp(mac1, mac2, IFHWADDRLEN);
+        return !compare_ether_addr(mac1, mac2);
 }
 
 extern int llc_establish_connection(struct sock *sk, u8 *lmac,
diff --git a/include/net/netdma.h b/include/net/netdma.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..19760eb131aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/net/netdma.h
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright(c) 2004 - 2006 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
+ * Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option)
+ * any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+ * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59
+ * Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA.
+ *
+ * The full GNU General Public License is included in this distribution in the
+ * file called COPYING.
+ */
+#ifndef NETDMA_H
+#define NETDMA_H
+#include <linux/config.h>
+#ifdef CONFIG_NET_DMA
+#include <linux/dmaengine.h>
+#include <linux/skbuff.h>
+
+static inline struct dma_chan *get_softnet_dma(void)
+{
+        struct dma_chan *chan;
+        rcu_read_lock();
+        chan = rcu_dereference(__get_cpu_var(softnet_data.net_dma));
+        if (chan)
+                dma_chan_get(chan);
+        rcu_read_unlock();
+        return chan;
+}
+
+int dma_skb_copy_datagram_iovec(struct dma_chan* chan,
+                const struct sk_buff *skb, int offset, struct iovec *to,
+                size_t len, struct dma_pinned_list *pinned_list);
+
+#endif /* CONFIG_NET_DMA */
+#endif /* NETDMA_H */
diff --git a/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack.h b/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack.h
index 916013ca4a5c..411117815807 100644
--- a/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack.h
+++ b/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack.h
@@ -114,6 +114,10 @@ struct nf_conn
         u_int32_t mark;
 #endif
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_NF_CONNTRACK_SECMARK
+        u_int32_t secmark;
+#endif
+
         /* Storage reserved for other modules: */
         union nf_conntrack_proto proto;
 
@@ -285,6 +289,7 @@ static inline int nf_ct_is_dying(struct nf_conn *ct)
 }
 
 extern unsigned int nf_conntrack_htable_size;
+extern int nf_conntrack_checksum;
 
 #define NF_CT_STAT_INC(count) (__get_cpu_var(nf_conntrack_stat).count++)
 
diff --git a/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_compat.h b/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_compat.h
index 3cac19fb3648..f1b1482d7200 100644
--- a/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_compat.h
+++ b/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_compat.h
@@ -20,6 +20,19 @@ static inline u_int32_t *nf_ct_get_mark(const struct sk_buff *skb,
 }
 #endif /* CONFIG_IP_NF_CONNTRACK_MARK */
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_IP_NF_CONNTRACK_SECMARK
+static inline u_int32_t *nf_ct_get_secmark(const struct sk_buff *skb,
+                                           u_int32_t *ctinfo)
+{
+        struct ip_conntrack *ct = ip_conntrack_get(skb, ctinfo);
+
+        if (ct)
+                return &ct->secmark;
+        else
+                return NULL;
+}
+#endif /* CONFIG_IP_NF_CONNTRACK_SECMARK */
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_IP_NF_CT_ACCT
 static inline struct ip_conntrack_counter *
 nf_ct_get_counters(const struct sk_buff *skb)
@@ -70,6 +83,19 @@ static inline u_int32_t *nf_ct_get_mark(const struct sk_buff *skb,
 }
 #endif /* CONFIG_NF_CONNTRACK_MARK */
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_NF_CONNTRACK_SECMARK
+static inline u_int32_t *nf_ct_get_secmark(const struct sk_buff *skb,
+                                           u_int32_t *ctinfo)
+{
+        struct nf_conn *ct = nf_ct_get(skb, ctinfo);
+
+        if (ct)
+                return &ct->secmark;
+        else
+                return NULL;
+}
+#endif /* CONFIG_NF_CONNTRACK_MARK */
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_NF_CT_ACCT
 static inline struct ip_conntrack_counter *
 nf_ct_get_counters(const struct sk_buff *skb)
diff --git a/include/net/raw.h b/include/net/raw.h
index e67b28a0248c..d83571fe4c69 100644
--- a/include/net/raw.h
+++ b/include/net/raw.h
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ extern rwlock_t raw_v4_lock;
 
 
 extern struct sock *__raw_v4_lookup(struct sock *sk, unsigned short num,
-                                    unsigned long raddr, unsigned long laddr,
+                                    __be32 raddr, __be32 laddr,
                                     int dif);
 
 extern int raw_v4_input(struct sk_buff *skb, struct iphdr *iph, int hash);
diff --git a/include/net/sctp/sctp.h b/include/net/sctp/sctp.h
index aa6033ca7cd8..b2b40f951ae6 100644
--- a/include/net/sctp/sctp.h
+++ b/include/net/sctp/sctp.h
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ extern int sctp_debug_flag;
 #define SCTP_DEBUG_PRINTK_IPADDR(whatever...)
 #define SCTP_ENABLE_DEBUG
 #define SCTP_DISABLE_DEBUG
-#define SCTP_ASSERT(expr, str, func)
+#define SCTP_ASSERT(expr, str, func) BUG_ON(!(expr))
 
 #endif /* SCTP_DEBUG */
 
diff --git a/include/net/sctp/structs.h b/include/net/sctp/structs.h
index 7f4fea173fb1..5f69158c1006 100644
--- a/include/net/sctp/structs.h
+++ b/include/net/sctp/structs.h
@@ -555,7 +555,8 @@ struct sctp_af {
         int             (*to_addr_param) (const union sctp_addr *,
                                           union sctp_addr_param *); 
         int             (*addr_valid)   (union sctp_addr *,
-                                         struct sctp_sock *);
+                                         struct sctp_sock *,
+                                         const struct sk_buff *);
         sctp_scope_t    (*scope) (union sctp_addr *);
         void            (*inaddr_any)   (union sctp_addr *, unsigned short);
         int             (*is_any)       (const union sctp_addr *);
diff --git a/include/net/sock.h b/include/net/sock.h
index c9fad6fb629b..96565ff0de6a 100644
--- a/include/net/sock.h
+++ b/include/net/sock.h
@@ -132,6 +132,7 @@ struct sock_common {
   *     @sk_receive_queue: incoming packets
   *     @sk_wmem_alloc: transmit queue bytes committed
   *     @sk_write_queue: Packet sending queue
+  *     @sk_async_wait_queue: DMA copied packets
   *     @sk_omem_alloc: "o" is "option" or "other"
   *     @sk_wmem_queued: persistent queue size
   *     @sk_forward_alloc: space allocated forward
@@ -205,6 +206,7 @@ struct sock {
         atomic_t                sk_omem_alloc;
         struct sk_buff_head     sk_receive_queue;
         struct sk_buff_head     sk_write_queue;
+        struct sk_buff_head     sk_async_wait_queue;
         int                     sk_wmem_queued;
         int                     sk_forward_alloc;
         gfp_t                   sk_allocation;
@@ -871,10 +873,7 @@ static inline int sk_filter(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb, int needlock)
                 if (filter) {
                         unsigned int pkt_len = sk_run_filter(skb, filter->insns,
                                                              filter->len);
-                        if (!pkt_len)
-                                err = -EPERM;
-                        else
-                                skb_trim(skb, pkt_len);
+                        err = pkt_len ? pskb_trim(skb, pkt_len) : -EPERM;
                 }
 
                 if (needlock)
@@ -1271,11 +1270,22 @@ sock_recv_timestamp(struct msghdr *msg, struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb)
  * This routine must be called with interrupts disabled or with the socket
  * locked so that the sk_buff queue operation is ok.
 */
-static inline void sk_eat_skb(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb)
+#ifdef CONFIG_NET_DMA
+static inline void sk_eat_skb(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb, int copied_early)
+{
+        __skb_unlink(skb, &sk->sk_receive_queue);
+        if (!copied_early)
+                __kfree_skb(skb);
+        else
+                __skb_queue_tail(&sk->sk_async_wait_queue, skb);
+}
+#else
+static inline void sk_eat_skb(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb, int copied_early)
 {
         __skb_unlink(skb, &sk->sk_receive_queue);
         __kfree_skb(skb);
 }
+#endif
 
 extern void sock_enable_timestamp(struct sock *sk);
 extern int sock_get_timestamp(struct sock *, struct timeval __user *);
diff --git a/include/net/tcp.h b/include/net/tcp.h
index 3c989db8a7aa..bfc71f954bbe 100644
--- a/include/net/tcp.h
+++ b/include/net/tcp.h
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include <linux/cache.h>
 #include <linux/percpu.h>
 #include <linux/skbuff.h>
+#include <linux/dmaengine.h>
 
 #include <net/inet_connection_sock.h>
 #include <net/inet_timewait_sock.h>
@@ -218,6 +219,7 @@ extern int sysctl_tcp_adv_win_scale;
 extern int sysctl_tcp_tw_reuse;
 extern int sysctl_tcp_frto;
 extern int sysctl_tcp_low_latency;
+extern int sysctl_tcp_dma_copybreak;
 extern int sysctl_tcp_nometrics_save;
 extern int sysctl_tcp_moderate_rcvbuf;
 extern int sysctl_tcp_tso_win_divisor;
@@ -225,6 +227,7 @@ extern int sysctl_tcp_abc;
 extern int sysctl_tcp_mtu_probing;
 extern int sysctl_tcp_base_mss;
 extern int sysctl_tcp_workaround_signed_windows;
+extern int sysctl_tcp_slow_start_after_idle;
 
 extern atomic_t tcp_memory_allocated;
 extern atomic_t tcp_sockets_allocated;
@@ -293,6 +296,8 @@ extern int			tcp_rcv_established(struct sock *sk,
 
 extern void                     tcp_rcv_space_adjust(struct sock *sk);
 
+extern void                     tcp_cleanup_rbuf(struct sock *sk, int copied);
+
 extern int                      tcp_twsk_unique(struct sock *sk,
                                                 struct sock *sktw, void *twp);
 
@@ -628,7 +633,7 @@ struct tcp_congestion_ops {
         /* return slow start threshold (required) */
         u32 (*ssthresh)(struct sock *sk);
         /* lower bound for congestion window (optional) */
-        u32 (*min_cwnd)(struct sock *sk);
+        u32 (*min_cwnd)(const struct sock *sk);
         /* do new cwnd calculation (required) */
         void (*cong_avoid)(struct sock *sk, u32 ack,
                            u32 rtt, u32 in_flight, int good_ack);
@@ -663,7 +668,7 @@ extern struct tcp_congestion_ops tcp_init_congestion_ops;
 extern u32 tcp_reno_ssthresh(struct sock *sk);
 extern void tcp_reno_cong_avoid(struct sock *sk, u32 ack,
                                 u32 rtt, u32 in_flight, int flag);
-extern u32 tcp_reno_min_cwnd(struct sock *sk);
+extern u32 tcp_reno_min_cwnd(const struct sock *sk);
 extern struct tcp_congestion_ops tcp_reno;
 
 static inline void tcp_set_ca_state(struct sock *sk, const u8 ca_state)
@@ -817,6 +822,12 @@ static inline void tcp_prequeue_init(struct tcp_sock *tp)
         tp->ucopy.len = 0;
         tp->ucopy.memory = 0;
         skb_queue_head_init(&tp->ucopy.prequeue);
+#ifdef CONFIG_NET_DMA
+        tp->ucopy.dma_chan = NULL;
+        tp->ucopy.wakeup = 0;
+        tp->ucopy.pinned_list = NULL;
+        tp->ucopy.dma_cookie = 0;
+#endif
 }
 
 /* Packet is added to VJ-style prequeue for processing in process
diff --git a/include/net/xfrm.h b/include/net/xfrm.h
index afa508d92c93..9c5ee9f20b65 100644
--- a/include/net/xfrm.h
+++ b/include/net/xfrm.h
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@
 #include <net/ip6_fib.h>
 
 #define XFRM_ALIGN8(len)        (((len) + 7) & ~7)
+#define MODULE_ALIAS_XFRM_MODE(family, encap) \
+        MODULE_ALIAS("xfrm-mode-" __stringify(family) "-" __stringify(encap))
 
 extern struct sock *xfrm_nl;
 extern u32 sysctl_xfrm_aevent_etime;
@@ -164,6 +166,7 @@ struct xfrm_state
         /* Reference to data common to all the instances of this
          * transformer. */
         struct xfrm_type        *type;
+        struct xfrm_mode        *mode;
 
         /* Security context */
         struct xfrm_sec_ctx     *security;
@@ -204,8 +207,8 @@ struct xfrm_type;
 struct xfrm_dst;
 struct xfrm_policy_afinfo {
         unsigned short          family;
-        rwlock_t                lock;
-        struct xfrm_type_map    *type_map;
+        struct xfrm_type        *type_map[IPPROTO_MAX];
+        struct xfrm_mode        *mode_map[XFRM_MODE_MAX];
         struct dst_ops          *dst_ops;
         void                    (*garbage_collect)(void);
         int                     (*dst_lookup)(struct xfrm_dst **dst, struct flowi *fl);
@@ -232,7 +235,6 @@ extern int __xfrm_state_delete(struct xfrm_state *x);
 
 struct xfrm_state_afinfo {
         unsigned short          family;
-        rwlock_t                lock;
         struct list_head        *state_bydst;
         struct list_head        *state_byspi;
         int                     (*init_flags)(struct xfrm_state *x);
@@ -264,16 +266,24 @@ struct xfrm_type
         u32                     (*get_max_size)(struct xfrm_state *, int size);
 };
 
-struct xfrm_type_map {
-        rwlock_t                lock;
-        struct xfrm_type        *map[256];
-};
-
 extern int xfrm_register_type(struct xfrm_type *type, unsigned short family);
 extern int xfrm_unregister_type(struct xfrm_type *type, unsigned short family);
 extern struct xfrm_type *xfrm_get_type(u8 proto, unsigned short family);
 extern void xfrm_put_type(struct xfrm_type *type);
 
+struct xfrm_mode {
+        int (*input)(struct xfrm_state *x, struct sk_buff *skb);
+        int (*output)(struct sk_buff *skb);
+
+        struct module *owner;
+        unsigned int encap;
+};
+
+extern int xfrm_register_mode(struct xfrm_mode *mode, int family);
+extern int xfrm_unregister_mode(struct xfrm_mode *mode, int family);
+extern struct xfrm_mode *xfrm_get_mode(unsigned int encap, int family);
+extern void xfrm_put_mode(struct xfrm_mode *mode);
+
 struct xfrm_tmpl
 {
 /* id in template is interpreted as: