27 files changed, 27351 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/Makefile b/fs/reiserfs/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..3a59309f3ca9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#
+# Makefile for the linux reiser-filesystem routines.
+#
+
+obj-$(CONFIG_REISERFS_FS) += reiserfs.o
+
+reiserfs-objs := bitmap.o do_balan.o namei.o inode.o file.o dir.o fix_node.o \
+                 super.o prints.o objectid.o lbalance.o ibalance.o stree.o \
+                 hashes.o tail_conversion.o journal.o resize.o \
+                 item_ops.o ioctl.o procfs.o
+
+ifeq ($(CONFIG_REISERFS_FS_XATTR),y)
+reiserfs-objs += xattr.o xattr_user.o xattr_trusted.o
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(CONFIG_REISERFS_FS_SECURITY),y)
+reiserfs-objs += xattr_security.o
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(CONFIG_REISERFS_FS_POSIX_ACL),y)
+reiserfs-objs += xattr_acl.o
+endif
+
+# gcc -O2 (the kernel default)  is overaggressive on ppc32 when many inline
+# functions are used.  This causes the compiler to advance the stack
+# pointer out of the available stack space, corrupting kernel space,
+# and causing a panic. Since this behavior only affects ppc32, this ifeq
+# will work around it. If any other architecture displays this behavior,
+# add it here.
+ifeq ($(CONFIG_PPC32),y)
+EXTRA_CFLAGS := -O1
+endif
+
+TAGS:
+        etags *.c
+
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/README b/fs/reiserfs/README
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..90e1670e4e6f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/README
@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+[LICENSING] 
+
+ReiserFS is hereby licensed under the GNU General
+Public License version 2.
+
+Source code files that contain the phrase "licensing governed by
+reiserfs/README" are "governed files" throughout this file.  Governed
+files are licensed under the GPL.  The portions of them owned by Hans
+Reiser, or authorized to be licensed by him, have been in the past,
+and likely will be in the future, licensed to other parties under
+other licenses.  If you add your code to governed files, and don't
+want it to be owned by Hans Reiser, put your copyright label on that
+code so the poor blight and his customers can keep things straight.
+All portions of governed files not labeled otherwise are owned by Hans
+Reiser, and by adding your code to it, widely distributing it to
+others or sending us a patch, and leaving the sentence in stating that
+licensing is governed by the statement in this file, you accept this.
+It will be a kindness if you identify whether Hans Reiser is allowed
+to license code labeled as owned by you on your behalf other than
+under the GPL, because he wants to know if it is okay to do so and put
+a check in the mail to you (for non-trivial improvements) when he
+makes his next sale.  He makes no guarantees as to the amount if any,
+though he feels motivated to motivate contributors, and you can surely
+discuss this with him before or after contributing.  You have the
+right to decline to allow him to license your code contribution other
+than under the GPL.
+
+Further licensing options are available for commercial and/or other
+interests directly from Hans Reiser: hans@reiser.to.  If you interpret
+the GPL as not allowing those additional licensing options, you read
+it wrongly, and Richard Stallman agrees with me, when carefully read
+you can see that those restrictions on additional terms do not apply
+to the owner of the copyright, and my interpretation of this shall
+govern for this license.  
+
+Finally, nothing in this license shall be interpreted to allow you to
+fail to fairly credit me, or to remove my credits, without my
+permission, unless you are an end user not redistributing to others.
+If you have doubts about how to properly do that, or about what is
+fair, ask.  (Last I spoke with him Richard was contemplating how best
+to address the fair crediting issue in the next GPL version.)
+
+[END LICENSING]
+
+Reiserfs is a file system based on balanced tree algorithms, which is
+described at http://devlinux.com/namesys.
+
+Stop reading here.  Go there, then return.
+
+Send bug reports to yura@namesys.botik.ru.
+
+mkreiserfs and other utilities are in reiserfs/utils, or wherever your
+Linux provider put them.  There is some disagreement about how useful
+it is for users to get their fsck and mkreiserfs out of sync with the
+version of reiserfs that is in their kernel, with many important
+distributors wanting them out of sync.:-) Please try to remember to
+recompile and reinstall fsck and mkreiserfs with every update of
+reiserfs, this is a common source of confusion.  Note that some of the
+utilities cannot be compiled without accessing the balancing code
+which is in the kernel code, and relocating the utilities may require
+you to specify where that code can be found.
+
+Yes, if you update your reiserfs kernel module you do have to
+recompile your kernel, most of the time.  The errors you get will be
+quite cryptic if your forget to do so.
+
+Real users, as opposed to folks who want to hack and then understand
+what went wrong, will want REISERFS_CHECK off.
+
+Hideous Commercial Pitch: Spread your development costs across other OS
+vendors.  Select from the best in the world, not the best in your
+building, by buying from third party OS component suppliers.  Leverage
+the software component development power of the internet.  Be the most
+aggressive in taking advantage of the commercial possibilities of
+decentralized internet development, and add value through your branded
+integration that you sell as an operating system.  Let your competitors
+be the ones to compete against the entire internet by themselves.  Be
+hip, get with the new economic trend, before your competitors do.  Send
+email to hans@reiser.to.
+
+To understand the code, after reading the website, start reading the
+code by reading reiserfs_fs.h first.
+
+Hans Reiser was the project initiator, primary architect, source of all
+funding for the first 5.5 years, and one of the programmers.  He owns
+the copyright.
+
+Vladimir Saveljev was one of the programmers, and he worked long hours
+writing the cleanest code.  He always made the effort to be the best he
+could be, and to make his code the best that it could be.  What resulted
+was quite remarkable. I don't think that money can ever motivate someone
+to work the way he did, he is one of the most selfless men I know.
+
+Yura helps with benchmarking, coding hashes, and block pre-allocation
+code.
+
+Anatoly Pinchuk is a former member of our team who worked closely with
+Vladimir throughout the project's development.  He wrote a quite
+substantial portion of the total code.  He realized that there was a
+space problem with packing tails of files for files larger than a node
+that start on a node aligned boundary (there are reasons to want to node
+align files), and he invented and implemented indirect items and
+unformatted nodes as the solution.
+
+Konstantin Shvachko, with the help of the Russian version of a VC,
+tried to put me in a position where I was forced into giving control
+of the project to him.  (Fortunately, as the person paying the money
+for all salaries from my dayjob I owned all copyrights, and you can't
+really force takeovers of sole proprietorships.)  This was something
+curious, because he never really understood the value of our project,
+why we should do what we do, or why innovation was possible in
+general, but he was sure that he ought to be controlling it.  Every
+innovation had to be forced past him while he was with us.  He added
+two years to the time required to complete reiserfs, and was a net
+loss for me.  Mikhail Gilula was a brilliant innovator who also left
+in a destructive way that erased the value of his contributions, and
+that he was shown much generosity just makes it more painful.
+
+Grigory Zaigralin was an extremely effective system administrator for
+our group.
+
+Igor Krasheninnikov was wonderful at hardware procurement, repair, and
+network installation.
+
+Jeremy Fitzhardinge wrote the teahash.c code, and he gives credit to a
+textbook he got the algorithm from in the code.  Note that his analysis
+of how we could use the hashing code in making 32 bit NFS cookies work
+was probably more important than the actual algorithm.  Colin Plumb also
+contributed to it.
+
+Chris Mason dived right into our code, and in just a few months produced
+the journaling code that dramatically increased the value of ReiserFS.
+He is just an amazing programmer.
+
+Igor Zagorovsky is writing much of the new item handler and extent code
+for our next major release.
+
+Alexander Zarochentcev (sometimes known as zam, or sasha), wrote the
+resizer, and is hard at work on implementing allocate on flush.  SGI
+implemented allocate on flush before us for XFS, and generously took
+the time to convince me we should do it also.  They are great people,
+and a great company.
+
+Yuri Shevchuk and Nikita Danilov are doing squid cache optimization.
+
+Vitaly Fertman is doing fsck.
+
+Jeff Mahoney, of SuSE, contributed a few cleanup fixes, most notably
+the endian safe patches which allow ReiserFS to run on any platform
+supported by the Linux kernel.
+
+SuSE, IntegratedLinux.com, Ecila, MP3.com, bigstorage.com, and the
+Alpha PC Company made it possible for me to not have a day job
+anymore, and to dramatically increase our staffing.  Ecila funded
+hypertext feature development, MP3.com funded journaling, SuSE funded
+core development, IntegratedLinux.com funded squid web cache
+appliances, bigstorage.com funded HSM, and the alpha PC company funded
+the alpha port.  Many of these tasks were helped by sponsors other
+than the ones just named.  SuSE has helped in much more than just
+funding....
+
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/bitmap.c b/fs/reiserfs/bitmap.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..a4e2ed544bbe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/bitmap.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1169 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, licensing governed by reiserfs/README
+ */
+/* Reiserfs block (de)allocator, bitmap-based. */
+
+#include <linux/config.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_fs.h>
+#include <linux/errno.h>
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/pagemap.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_fs_sb.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_fs_i.h>
+#include <linux/quotaops.h>
+
+#define PREALLOCATION_SIZE 9
+
+/* different reiserfs block allocator options */
+
+#define SB_ALLOC_OPTS(s) (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_alloc_options.bits)
+
+#define  _ALLOC_concentrating_formatted_nodes 0
+#define  _ALLOC_displacing_large_files 1
+#define  _ALLOC_displacing_new_packing_localities 2
+#define  _ALLOC_old_hashed_relocation 3
+#define  _ALLOC_new_hashed_relocation 4
+#define  _ALLOC_skip_busy 5
+#define  _ALLOC_displace_based_on_dirid 6
+#define  _ALLOC_hashed_formatted_nodes 7
+#define  _ALLOC_old_way 8
+#define  _ALLOC_hundredth_slices 9
+#define  _ALLOC_dirid_groups 10
+#define  _ALLOC_oid_groups 11
+#define  _ALLOC_packing_groups 12
+
+#define  concentrating_formatted_nodes(s)       test_bit(_ALLOC_concentrating_formatted_nodes, &SB_ALLOC_OPTS(s))
+#define  displacing_large_files(s)              test_bit(_ALLOC_displacing_large_files, &SB_ALLOC_OPTS(s))
+#define  displacing_new_packing_localities(s)   test_bit(_ALLOC_displacing_new_packing_localities, &SB_ALLOC_OPTS(s))
+
+#define SET_OPTION(optname) \
+   do { \
+        reiserfs_warning(s, "reiserfs: option \"%s\" is set", #optname); \
+        set_bit(_ALLOC_ ## optname , &SB_ALLOC_OPTS(s)); \
+    } while(0)
+#define TEST_OPTION(optname, s) \
+    test_bit(_ALLOC_ ## optname , &SB_ALLOC_OPTS(s))
+
+static inline void get_bit_address (struct super_block * s,
+                                    b_blocknr_t block, int * bmap_nr, int * offset)
+{
+    /* It is in the bitmap block number equal to the block
+     * number divided by the number of bits in a block. */
+    *bmap_nr = block / (s->s_blocksize << 3);
+    /* Within that bitmap block it is located at bit offset *offset. */
+    *offset = block & ((s->s_blocksize << 3) - 1 );
+    return;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+int is_reusable (struct super_block * s, b_blocknr_t block, int bit_value)
+{
+    int i, j;
+
+    if (block == 0 || block >= SB_BLOCK_COUNT (s)) {
+        reiserfs_warning (s, "vs-4010: is_reusable: block number is out of range %lu (%u)",
+                          block, SB_BLOCK_COUNT (s));
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    /* it can't be one of the bitmap blocks */
+    for (i = 0; i < SB_BMAP_NR (s); i ++)
+        if (block == SB_AP_BITMAP (s)[i].bh->b_blocknr) {
+            reiserfs_warning (s, "vs: 4020: is_reusable: "
+                              "bitmap block %lu(%u) can't be freed or reused",
+                              block, SB_BMAP_NR (s));
+            return 0;
+        }
+  
+    get_bit_address (s, block, &i, &j);
+
+    if (i >= SB_BMAP_NR (s)) {
+        reiserfs_warning (s, "vs-4030: is_reusable: there is no so many bitmap blocks: "
+                          "block=%lu, bitmap_nr=%d", block, i);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    if ((bit_value == 0 && 
+         reiserfs_test_le_bit(j, SB_AP_BITMAP(s)[i].bh->b_data)) ||
+        (bit_value == 1 && 
+         reiserfs_test_le_bit(j, SB_AP_BITMAP (s)[i].bh->b_data) == 0)) {
+        reiserfs_warning (s, "vs-4040: is_reusable: corresponding bit of block %lu does not "
+                          "match required value (i==%d, j==%d) test_bit==%d",
+                block, i, j, reiserfs_test_le_bit (j, SB_AP_BITMAP (s)[i].bh->b_data));
+
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    if (bit_value == 0 && block == SB_ROOT_BLOCK (s)) {
+        reiserfs_warning (s, "vs-4050: is_reusable: this is root block (%u), "
+                          "it must be busy", SB_ROOT_BLOCK (s));
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+}
+#endif /* CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK */
+
+/* searches in journal structures for a given block number (bmap, off). If block
+   is found in reiserfs journal it suggests next free block candidate to test. */
+static inline  int is_block_in_journal (struct super_block * s, int bmap, int
+off, int *next)
+{
+    b_blocknr_t tmp;
+
+    if (reiserfs_in_journal (s, bmap, off, 1, &tmp)) {
+        if (tmp) {              /* hint supplied */
+            *next = tmp;
+            PROC_INFO_INC( s, scan_bitmap.in_journal_hint );
+        } else {
+            (*next) = off + 1;          /* inc offset to avoid looping. */
+            PROC_INFO_INC( s, scan_bitmap.in_journal_nohint );
+        }
+        PROC_INFO_INC( s, scan_bitmap.retry );
+        return 1;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* it searches for a window of zero bits with given minimum and maximum lengths in one bitmap
+ * block; */
+static int scan_bitmap_block (struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                              int bmap_n, int *beg, int boundary, int min, int max, int unfm)
+{
+    struct super_block *s = th->t_super;
+    struct reiserfs_bitmap_info *bi=&SB_AP_BITMAP(s)[bmap_n];
+    int end, next;
+    int org = *beg;
+
+    BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+
+    RFALSE(bmap_n >= SB_BMAP_NR (s), "Bitmap %d is out of range (0..%d)",bmap_n, SB_BMAP_NR (s) - 1);
+    PROC_INFO_INC( s, scan_bitmap.bmap );
+/* this is unclear and lacks comments, explain how journal bitmaps
+   work here for the reader.  Convey a sense of the design here. What
+   is a window? */
+/* - I mean `a window of zero bits' as in description of this function - Zam. */
+  
+    if ( !bi ) {
+        reiserfs_warning (s, "NULL bitmap info pointer for bitmap %d", bmap_n);
+        return 0;
+    }
+    if (buffer_locked (bi->bh)) {
+       PROC_INFO_INC( s, scan_bitmap.wait );
+       __wait_on_buffer (bi->bh);
+    }
+
+    while (1) {
+        cont:
+        if (bi->free_count < min)
+                return 0; // No free blocks in this bitmap
+
+        /* search for a first zero bit -- beggining of a window */
+        *beg = reiserfs_find_next_zero_le_bit
+                ((unsigned long*)(bi->bh->b_data), boundary, *beg);
+  
+        if (*beg + min > boundary) { /* search for a zero bit fails or the rest of bitmap block
+                                      * cannot contain a zero window of minimum size */
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        if (unfm && is_block_in_journal(s,bmap_n, *beg, beg))
+            continue;
+        /* first zero bit found; we check next bits */
+        for (end = *beg + 1;; end ++) {
+            if (end >= *beg + max || end >= boundary || reiserfs_test_le_bit (end, bi->bh->b_data)) {
+                next = end;
+                break;
+            }
+            /* finding the other end of zero bit window requires looking into journal structures (in
+             * case of searching for free blocks for unformatted nodes) */
+            if (unfm && is_block_in_journal(s, bmap_n, end, &next))
+                break;
+        }
+
+        /* now (*beg) points to beginning of zero bits window,
+         * (end) points to one bit after the window end */
+        if (end - *beg >= min) { /* it seems we have found window of proper size */
+            int i;
+            reiserfs_prepare_for_journal (s, bi->bh, 1);
+            /* try to set all blocks used checking are they still free */
+            for (i = *beg; i < end; i++) {
+                /* It seems that we should not check in journal again. */
+                if (reiserfs_test_and_set_le_bit (i, bi->bh->b_data)) {
+                    /* bit was set by another process
+                     * while we slept in prepare_for_journal() */
+                    PROC_INFO_INC( s, scan_bitmap.stolen );
+                    if (i >= *beg + min)        { /* we can continue with smaller set of allocated blocks,
+                                           * if length of this set is more or equal to `min' */
+                        end = i;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    /* otherwise we clear all bit were set ... */
+                    while (--i >= *beg)
+                        reiserfs_test_and_clear_le_bit (i, bi->bh->b_data);
+                    reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer (s, bi->bh);
+                    *beg = org;
+                    /* ... and search again in current block from beginning */
+                    goto cont;  
+                }
+            }
+            bi->free_count -= (end - *beg);
+            journal_mark_dirty (th, s, bi->bh);
+
+            /* free block count calculation */
+            reiserfs_prepare_for_journal (s, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s), 1);
+            PUT_SB_FREE_BLOCKS(s, SB_FREE_BLOCKS(s) - (end - *beg));
+            journal_mark_dirty (th, s, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s));
+
+            return end - (*beg);
+        } else {
+            *beg = next;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static int bmap_hash_id(struct super_block *s, u32 id) {
+    char * hash_in = NULL;
+    unsigned long hash;
+    unsigned bm;
+
+    if (id <= 2) {
+        bm = 1;
+    } else {
+        hash_in = (char *)(&id);
+        hash = keyed_hash(hash_in, 4);
+        bm = hash % SB_BMAP_NR(s);
+        if (!bm)
+            bm = 1;
+    }
+    /* this can only be true when SB_BMAP_NR = 1 */
+    if (bm >= SB_BMAP_NR(s))
+        bm = 0;
+    return bm;
+}
+
+/*
+ * hashes the id and then returns > 0 if the block group for the
+ * corresponding hash is full
+ */
+static inline int block_group_used(struct super_block *s, u32 id) {
+    int bm;
+    bm = bmap_hash_id(s, id);
+    if (SB_AP_BITMAP(s)[bm].free_count > ((s->s_blocksize << 3) * 60 / 100) ) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * the packing is returned in disk byte order
+ */
+u32 reiserfs_choose_packing(struct inode *dir) {
+    u32 packing;
+    if (TEST_OPTION(packing_groups, dir->i_sb)) {
+        u32 parent_dir = le32_to_cpu(INODE_PKEY(dir)->k_dir_id);
+        /*
+         * some versions of reiserfsck expect packing locality 1 to be
+         * special
+         */
+        if (parent_dir == 1 || block_group_used(dir->i_sb,parent_dir))
+            packing = INODE_PKEY(dir)->k_objectid;
+        else
+            packing = INODE_PKEY(dir)->k_dir_id;
+    } else
+        packing = INODE_PKEY(dir)->k_objectid;
+    return packing;
+}
+  
+/* Tries to find contiguous zero bit window (given size) in given region of
+ * bitmap and place new blocks there. Returns number of allocated blocks. */
+static int scan_bitmap (struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                        b_blocknr_t *start, b_blocknr_t finish,
+                        int min, int max, int unfm, unsigned long file_block)
+{
+    int nr_allocated=0;
+    struct super_block * s = th->t_super;
+    /* find every bm and bmap and bmap_nr in this file, and change them all to bitmap_blocknr
+     * - Hans, it is not a block number - Zam. */
+
+    int bm, off;
+    int end_bm, end_off;
+    int off_max = s->s_blocksize << 3;
+
+    BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+
+    PROC_INFO_INC( s, scan_bitmap.call ); 
+    if ( SB_FREE_BLOCKS(s) <= 0)
+        return 0; // No point in looking for more free blocks
+
+    get_bit_address (s, *start, &bm, &off);
+    get_bit_address (s, finish, &end_bm, &end_off);
+    if (bm > SB_BMAP_NR(s))
+        return 0;
+    if (end_bm > SB_BMAP_NR(s))
+        end_bm = SB_BMAP_NR(s);
+
+    /* When the bitmap is more than 10% free, anyone can allocate.
+     * When it's less than 10% free, only files that already use the
+     * bitmap are allowed. Once we pass 80% full, this restriction
+     * is lifted.
+     *
+     * We do this so that files that grow later still have space close to
+     * their original allocation. This improves locality, and presumably
+     * performance as a result.
+     *
+     * This is only an allocation policy and does not make up for getting a
+     * bad hint. Decent hinting must be implemented for this to work well.
+     */
+    if ( TEST_OPTION(skip_busy, s) && SB_FREE_BLOCKS(s) > SB_BLOCK_COUNT(s)/20 ) {
+        for (;bm < end_bm; bm++, off = 0) {
+            if ( ( off && (!unfm || (file_block != 0))) || SB_AP_BITMAP(s)[bm].free_count > (s->s_blocksize << 3) / 10 )
+                nr_allocated = scan_bitmap_block(th, bm, &off, off_max, min, max, unfm);
+            if (nr_allocated)
+                goto ret;
+        }
+        /* we know from above that start is a reasonable number */
+        get_bit_address (s, *start, &bm, &off);
+    }
+
+    for (;bm < end_bm; bm++, off = 0) {
+        nr_allocated = scan_bitmap_block(th, bm, &off, off_max, min, max, unfm);
+        if (nr_allocated)
+            goto ret;
+    }
+
+    nr_allocated = scan_bitmap_block(th, bm, &off, end_off + 1, min, max, unfm);
+  
+ ret:
+    *start = bm * off_max + off;
+    return nr_allocated;
+
+}
+
+static void _reiserfs_free_block (struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                                  struct inode *inode, b_blocknr_t block,
+                                  int for_unformatted)
+{
+    struct super_block * s = th->t_super;
+    struct reiserfs_super_block * rs;
+    struct buffer_head * sbh;
+    struct reiserfs_bitmap_info *apbi;
+    int nr, offset;
+
+    BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+
+    PROC_INFO_INC( s, free_block );
+
+    rs = SB_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK (s);
+    sbh = SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB (s);
+    apbi = SB_AP_BITMAP(s);
+
+    get_bit_address (s, block, &nr, &offset);
+
+    if (nr >= sb_bmap_nr (rs)) {
+        reiserfs_warning (s, "vs-4075: reiserfs_free_block: "
+                          "block %lu is out of range on %s",
+                          block, reiserfs_bdevname (s));
+        return;
+    }
+
+    reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(s, apbi[nr].bh, 1 ) ;
+
+    /* clear bit for the given block in bit map */
+    if (!reiserfs_test_and_clear_le_bit (offset, apbi[nr].bh->b_data)) {
+        reiserfs_warning (s, "vs-4080: reiserfs_free_block: "
+                          "free_block (%s:%lu)[dev:blocknr]: bit already cleared",
+                          reiserfs_bdevname (s), block);
+    }
+    apbi[nr].free_count ++;
+    journal_mark_dirty (th, s, apbi[nr].bh);
+
+    reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(s, sbh, 1) ;
+    /* update super block */
+    set_sb_free_blocks( rs, sb_free_blocks(rs) + 1 );
+
+    journal_mark_dirty (th, s, sbh);
+    if (for_unformatted)
+        DQUOT_FREE_BLOCK_NODIRTY(inode, 1);
+}
+
+void reiserfs_free_block (struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, 
+                          struct inode *inode, b_blocknr_t block,
+                          int for_unformatted)
+{
+    struct super_block * s = th->t_super;
+
+    BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+
+    RFALSE(!s, "vs-4061: trying to free block on nonexistent device");
+    RFALSE(is_reusable (s, block, 1) == 0, "vs-4071: can not free such block");
+    /* mark it before we clear it, just in case */
+    journal_mark_freed(th, s, block) ;
+    _reiserfs_free_block(th, inode, block, for_unformatted) ;
+}
+
+/* preallocated blocks don't need to be run through journal_mark_freed */
+static void reiserfs_free_prealloc_block (struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                          struct inode *inode, b_blocknr_t block) {
+    RFALSE(!th->t_super, "vs-4060: trying to free block on nonexistent device");
+    RFALSE(is_reusable (th->t_super, block, 1) == 0, "vs-4070: can not free such block");
+    BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+    _reiserfs_free_block(th, inode, block, 1) ;
+}
+
+static void __discard_prealloc (struct reiserfs_transaction_handle * th,
+                                struct reiserfs_inode_info *ei)
+{
+    unsigned long save = ei->i_prealloc_block ;
+    int dirty = 0;
+    struct inode *inode = &ei->vfs_inode;
+    BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+    if (ei->i_prealloc_count < 0)
+        reiserfs_warning (th->t_super, "zam-4001:%s: inode has negative prealloc blocks count.", __FUNCTION__ );
+#endif
+    while (ei->i_prealloc_count > 0) {
+        reiserfs_free_prealloc_block(th, inode, ei->i_prealloc_block);
+        ei->i_prealloc_block++;
+        ei->i_prealloc_count --;
+        dirty = 1;
+    }
+    if (dirty)
+        reiserfs_update_sd(th, inode);
+    ei->i_prealloc_block = save;
+    list_del_init(&(ei->i_prealloc_list));
+}
+
+/* FIXME: It should be inline function */
+void reiserfs_discard_prealloc (struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, 
+                                struct inode *inode)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_inode_info *ei = REISERFS_I(inode);
+    BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+    if (ei->i_prealloc_count)
+        __discard_prealloc(th, ei);
+}
+
+void reiserfs_discard_all_prealloc (struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th)
+{
+    struct list_head * plist = &SB_JOURNAL(th->t_super)->j_prealloc_list;
+
+    BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+
+    while (!list_empty(plist)) {
+        struct reiserfs_inode_info *ei;
+        ei = list_entry(plist->next, struct reiserfs_inode_info, i_prealloc_list);
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+        if (!ei->i_prealloc_count) {
+            reiserfs_warning (th->t_super, "zam-4001:%s: inode is in prealloc list but has no preallocated blocks.", __FUNCTION__);
+        }
+#endif
+        __discard_prealloc(th, ei);
+    }
+}
+
+void reiserfs_init_alloc_options (struct super_block *s)
+{
+    set_bit (_ALLOC_skip_busy, &SB_ALLOC_OPTS(s));
+    set_bit (_ALLOC_dirid_groups, &SB_ALLOC_OPTS(s));
+    set_bit (_ALLOC_packing_groups, &SB_ALLOC_OPTS(s));
+}
+
+/* block allocator related options are parsed here */
+int reiserfs_parse_alloc_options(struct super_block * s, char * options)
+{
+    char * this_char, * value;
+
+    REISERFS_SB(s)->s_alloc_options.bits = 0; /* clear default settings */
+
+    while ( (this_char = strsep (&options, ":")) != NULL ) {
+        if ((value = strchr (this_char, '=')) != NULL)
+            *value++ = 0;
+
+        if (!strcmp(this_char, "concentrating_formatted_nodes")) {
+            int temp;
+            SET_OPTION(concentrating_formatted_nodes);
+            temp = (value && *value) ? simple_strtoul (value, &value, 0) : 10;
+            if (temp <= 0 || temp > 100) {
+                REISERFS_SB(s)->s_alloc_options.border = 10;
+            } else {
+                REISERFS_SB(s)->s_alloc_options.border = 100 / temp;
+           }
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (!strcmp(this_char, "displacing_large_files")) {
+            SET_OPTION(displacing_large_files);
+            REISERFS_SB(s)->s_alloc_options.large_file_size =
+                (value && *value) ? simple_strtoul (value, &value, 0) : 16;
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (!strcmp(this_char, "displacing_new_packing_localities")) {
+            SET_OPTION(displacing_new_packing_localities);
+            continue;
+        };
+
+        if (!strcmp(this_char, "old_hashed_relocation")) {
+            SET_OPTION(old_hashed_relocation);
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if (!strcmp(this_char, "new_hashed_relocation")) {
+            SET_OPTION(new_hashed_relocation);
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if (!strcmp(this_char, "dirid_groups")) {
+            SET_OPTION(dirid_groups);
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (!strcmp(this_char, "oid_groups")) {
+            SET_OPTION(oid_groups);
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (!strcmp(this_char, "packing_groups")) {
+            SET_OPTION(packing_groups);
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (!strcmp(this_char, "hashed_formatted_nodes")) {
+            SET_OPTION(hashed_formatted_nodes);
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if (!strcmp(this_char, "skip_busy")) {
+            SET_OPTION(skip_busy);
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if (!strcmp(this_char, "hundredth_slices")) {
+            SET_OPTION(hundredth_slices);
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if (!strcmp(this_char, "old_way")) {
+            SET_OPTION(old_way);
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if (!strcmp(this_char, "displace_based_on_dirid")) {
+            SET_OPTION(displace_based_on_dirid);
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if (!strcmp(this_char, "preallocmin")) {
+            REISERFS_SB(s)->s_alloc_options.preallocmin =
+                (value && *value) ? simple_strtoul (value, &value, 0) : 4;
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if (!strcmp(this_char, "preallocsize")) {
+            REISERFS_SB(s)->s_alloc_options.preallocsize =
+                (value && *value) ? simple_strtoul (value, &value, 0) : PREALLOCATION_SIZE;
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        reiserfs_warning (s, "zam-4001: %s : unknown option - %s",
+                          __FUNCTION__ , this_char);
+        return 1;
+      }
+  
+    reiserfs_warning (s, "allocator options = [%08x]\n", SB_ALLOC_OPTS(s));
+    return 0;
+}
+  
+static inline void new_hashed_relocation (reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t * hint)
+{
+    char * hash_in;
+    if (hint->formatted_node) {
+            hash_in = (char*)&hint->key.k_dir_id;
+    } else {
+        if (!hint->inode) {
+            //hint->search_start = hint->beg;
+            hash_in = (char*)&hint->key.k_dir_id;
+        } else 
+            if ( TEST_OPTION(displace_based_on_dirid, hint->th->t_super))
+                hash_in = (char *)(&INODE_PKEY(hint->inode)->k_dir_id);
+            else
+                hash_in = (char *)(&INODE_PKEY(hint->inode)->k_objectid);
+      }
+
+    hint->search_start = hint->beg + keyed_hash(hash_in, 4) % (hint->end - hint->beg);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Relocation based on dirid, hashing them into a given bitmap block
+ * files. Formatted nodes are unaffected, a seperate policy covers them
+ */
+static void
+dirid_groups (reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t *hint)
+{
+    unsigned long hash;
+    __u32 dirid = 0;
+    int bm = 0;
+    struct super_block *sb = hint->th->t_super;
+    if (hint->inode)
+        dirid = le32_to_cpu(INODE_PKEY(hint->inode)->k_dir_id);
+    else if (hint->formatted_node)
+        dirid = hint->key.k_dir_id;
+
+    if (dirid) {
+        bm = bmap_hash_id(sb, dirid);
+        hash = bm * (sb->s_blocksize << 3);
+        /* give a portion of the block group to metadata */
+        if (hint->inode)
+            hash += sb->s_blocksize/2;
+        hint->search_start = hash;
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Relocation based on oid, hashing them into a given bitmap block
+ * files. Formatted nodes are unaffected, a seperate policy covers them
+ */
+static void
+oid_groups (reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t *hint)
+{
+    if (hint->inode) {
+        unsigned long hash;
+        __u32 oid;
+        __u32 dirid;
+        int bm;
+
+        dirid = le32_to_cpu(INODE_PKEY(hint->inode)->k_dir_id);
+
+        /* keep the root dir and it's first set of subdirs close to
+         * the start of the disk
+         */
+        if (dirid <= 2)
+            hash = (hint->inode->i_sb->s_blocksize << 3);
+        else {
+            oid = le32_to_cpu(INODE_PKEY(hint->inode)->k_objectid);
+            bm = bmap_hash_id(hint->inode->i_sb, oid);
+            hash = bm * (hint->inode->i_sb->s_blocksize << 3);
+        }
+        hint->search_start = hash;
+    }
+}
+
+/* returns 1 if it finds an indirect item and gets valid hint info
+ * from it, otherwise 0
+ */
+static int get_left_neighbor(reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t *hint)
+{
+    struct path * path;
+    struct buffer_head * bh;
+    struct item_head * ih;
+    int pos_in_item;
+    __u32 * item;
+    int ret = 0;
+
+    if (!hint->path)            /* reiserfs code can call this function w/o pointer to path
+                                 * structure supplied; then we rely on supplied search_start */
+        return 0;
+
+    path = hint->path;
+    bh = get_last_bh(path);
+    RFALSE( !bh, "green-4002: Illegal path specified to get_left_neighbor");
+    ih = get_ih(path);
+    pos_in_item = path->pos_in_item;
+    item = get_item (path);
+
+    hint->search_start = bh->b_blocknr;
+
+    if (!hint->formatted_node && is_indirect_le_ih (ih)) {
+        /* for indirect item: go to left and look for the first non-hole entry
+           in the indirect item */
+        if (pos_in_item == I_UNFM_NUM (ih))
+            pos_in_item--;
+//          pos_in_item = I_UNFM_NUM (ih) - 1;
+        while (pos_in_item >= 0) {
+            int t=get_block_num(item,pos_in_item);
+            if (t) {
+                hint->search_start = t;
+                ret = 1;
+                break;
+            }
+            pos_in_item --;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* does result value fit into specified region? */
+    return ret;
+}
+
+/* should be, if formatted node, then try to put on first part of the device
+   specified as number of percent with mount option device, else try to put
+   on last of device.  This is not to say it is good code to do so,
+   but the effect should be measured.  */
+static inline void set_border_in_hint(struct super_block *s, reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t *hint)
+{
+    b_blocknr_t border = SB_BLOCK_COUNT(s) / REISERFS_SB(s)->s_alloc_options.border;
+
+    if (hint->formatted_node)
+        hint->end = border - 1;
+    else
+        hint->beg = border;
+}
+
+static inline void displace_large_file(reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t *hint)
+{
+    if ( TEST_OPTION(displace_based_on_dirid, hint->th->t_super))
+        hint->search_start = hint->beg + keyed_hash((char *)(&INODE_PKEY(hint->inode)->k_dir_id), 4) % (hint->end - hint->beg);
+    else
+        hint->search_start = hint->beg + keyed_hash((char *)(&INODE_PKEY(hint->inode)->k_objectid), 4) % (hint->end - hint->beg);
+}
+
+static inline void hash_formatted_node(reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t *hint)
+{
+   char * hash_in;
+
+   if (!hint->inode)
+        hash_in = (char*)&hint->key.k_dir_id;
+    else if ( TEST_OPTION(displace_based_on_dirid, hint->th->t_super))
+        hash_in = (char *)(&INODE_PKEY(hint->inode)->k_dir_id);
+    else
+        hash_in = (char *)(&INODE_PKEY(hint->inode)->k_objectid);
+
+        hint->search_start = hint->beg + keyed_hash(hash_in, 4) % (hint->end - hint->beg);
+}
+
+static inline int this_blocknr_allocation_would_make_it_a_large_file(reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t *hint)
+{
+    return hint->block == REISERFS_SB(hint->th->t_super)->s_alloc_options.large_file_size;
+}
+
+#ifdef DISPLACE_NEW_PACKING_LOCALITIES
+static inline void displace_new_packing_locality (reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t *hint)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_key * key = &hint->key;
+
+    hint->th->displace_new_blocks = 0;
+    hint->search_start = hint->beg + keyed_hash((char*)(&key->k_objectid),4) % (hint->end - hint->beg);
+}
+  #endif
+
+static inline int old_hashed_relocation (reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t * hint)
+{
+    b_blocknr_t border;
+    u32 hash_in;
+    
+    if (hint->formatted_node || hint->inode == NULL) {
+        return 0;
+      }
+
+    hash_in = le32_to_cpu((INODE_PKEY(hint->inode))->k_dir_id);
+    border = hint->beg + (u32) keyed_hash(((char *) (&hash_in)), 4) % (hint->end - hint->beg - 1);
+    if (border > hint->search_start)
+        hint->search_start = border;
+
+    return 1;
+  }
+  
+static inline int old_way (reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t * hint)
+{
+    b_blocknr_t border;
+    
+    if (hint->formatted_node || hint->inode == NULL) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+  
+      border = hint->beg + le32_to_cpu(INODE_PKEY(hint->inode)->k_dir_id) % (hint->end  - hint->beg);
+    if (border > hint->search_start)
+        hint->search_start = border;
+
+    return 1;
+}
+
+static inline void hundredth_slices (reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t * hint)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_key * key = &hint->key;
+    b_blocknr_t slice_start;
+
+    slice_start = (keyed_hash((char*)(&key->k_dir_id),4) % 100) * (hint->end / 100);
+    if ( slice_start > hint->search_start || slice_start + (hint->end / 100) <= hint->search_start) {
+        hint->search_start = slice_start;
+    }
+}
+  
+static void determine_search_start(reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t *hint,
+                                          int amount_needed)
+{
+    struct super_block *s = hint->th->t_super;
+    int unfm_hint;
+
+    hint->beg = 0;
+    hint->end = SB_BLOCK_COUNT(s) - 1;
+
+    /* This is former border algorithm. Now with tunable border offset */
+    if (concentrating_formatted_nodes(s))
+        set_border_in_hint(s, hint);
+
+#ifdef DISPLACE_NEW_PACKING_LOCALITIES
+    /* whenever we create a new directory, we displace it.  At first we will
+       hash for location, later we might look for a moderately empty place for
+       it */
+    if (displacing_new_packing_localities(s)
+        && hint->th->displace_new_blocks) {
+        displace_new_packing_locality(hint);
+
+        /* we do not continue determine_search_start,
+         * if new packing locality is being displaced */
+        return;
+    }                                 
+#endif
+  
+    /* all persons should feel encouraged to add more special cases here and
+     * test them */
+
+    if (displacing_large_files(s) && !hint->formatted_node
+        && this_blocknr_allocation_would_make_it_a_large_file(hint)) {
+        displace_large_file(hint);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    /* if none of our special cases is relevant, use the left neighbor in the
+       tree order of the new node we are allocating for */
+    if (hint->formatted_node && TEST_OPTION(hashed_formatted_nodes,s)) {
+        hash_formatted_node(hint);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    unfm_hint = get_left_neighbor(hint);
+
+    /* Mimic old block allocator behaviour, that is if VFS allowed for preallocation,
+       new blocks are displaced based on directory ID. Also, if suggested search_start
+       is less than last preallocated block, we start searching from it, assuming that
+       HDD dataflow is faster in forward direction */
+    if ( TEST_OPTION(old_way, s)) {
+        if (!hint->formatted_node) {
+            if ( !reiserfs_hashed_relocation(s))
+                old_way(hint);
+            else if (!reiserfs_no_unhashed_relocation(s))
+                old_hashed_relocation(hint);
+
+            if ( hint->inode && hint->search_start < REISERFS_I(hint->inode)->i_prealloc_block)
+                hint->search_start = REISERFS_I(hint->inode)->i_prealloc_block;
+        }
+        return;
+    }
+
+    /* This is an approach proposed by Hans */
+    if ( TEST_OPTION(hundredth_slices, s) && ! (displacing_large_files(s) && !hint->formatted_node)) {
+        hundredth_slices(hint);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    /* old_hashed_relocation only works on unformatted */
+    if (!unfm_hint && !hint->formatted_node &&
+        TEST_OPTION(old_hashed_relocation, s))
+    {
+        old_hashed_relocation(hint);
+    }
+    /* new_hashed_relocation works with both formatted/unformatted nodes */
+    if ((!unfm_hint || hint->formatted_node) &&
+        TEST_OPTION(new_hashed_relocation, s))
+    {
+        new_hashed_relocation(hint);
+    }
+    /* dirid grouping works only on unformatted nodes */
+    if (!unfm_hint && !hint->formatted_node && TEST_OPTION(dirid_groups,s))
+    {
+        dirid_groups(hint);
+    }
+
+#ifdef DISPLACE_NEW_PACKING_LOCALITIES
+    if (hint->formatted_node && TEST_OPTION(dirid_groups,s))
+    {
+        dirid_groups(hint);
+    }
+#endif
+
+    /* oid grouping works only on unformatted nodes */
+    if (!unfm_hint && !hint->formatted_node && TEST_OPTION(oid_groups,s))
+    {
+        oid_groups(hint);
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+static int determine_prealloc_size(reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t * hint)
+{
+    /* make minimum size a mount option and benchmark both ways */
+    /* we preallocate blocks only for regular files, specific size */
+    /* benchmark preallocating always and see what happens */
+
+    hint->prealloc_size = 0;
+
+    if (!hint->formatted_node && hint->preallocate) {
+        if (S_ISREG(hint->inode->i_mode)
+            && hint->inode->i_size >= REISERFS_SB(hint->th->t_super)->s_alloc_options.preallocmin * hint->inode->i_sb->s_blocksize)
+            hint->prealloc_size = REISERFS_SB(hint->th->t_super)->s_alloc_options.preallocsize - 1;
+    }
+    return CARRY_ON;
+}
+
+/* XXX I know it could be merged with upper-level function;
+   but may be result function would be too complex. */
+static inline int allocate_without_wrapping_disk (reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t * hint,
+                                         b_blocknr_t * new_blocknrs,
+                                         b_blocknr_t start, b_blocknr_t finish,
+                                         int min,
+                                         int amount_needed, int prealloc_size)
+{
+    int rest = amount_needed;
+    int nr_allocated;
+  
+    while (rest > 0 && start <= finish) {
+        nr_allocated = scan_bitmap (hint->th, &start, finish, min,
+                                    rest + prealloc_size, !hint->formatted_node,
+                                    hint->block);
+
+        if (nr_allocated == 0)  /* no new blocks allocated, return */
+            break;
+        
+        /* fill free_blocknrs array first */
+        while (rest > 0 && nr_allocated > 0) {
+            * new_blocknrs ++ = start ++;
+            rest --; nr_allocated --;
+        }
+
+        /* do we have something to fill prealloc. array also ? */
+        if (nr_allocated > 0) {
+            /* it means prealloc_size was greater that 0 and we do preallocation */
+            list_add(&REISERFS_I(hint->inode)->i_prealloc_list,
+                     &SB_JOURNAL(hint->th->t_super)->j_prealloc_list);
+            REISERFS_I(hint->inode)->i_prealloc_block = start;
+            REISERFS_I(hint->inode)->i_prealloc_count = nr_allocated;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return (amount_needed - rest);
+}
+
+static inline int blocknrs_and_prealloc_arrays_from_search_start
+    (reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t *hint, b_blocknr_t *new_blocknrs, int amount_needed)
+{
+    struct super_block *s = hint->th->t_super;
+    b_blocknr_t start = hint->search_start;
+    b_blocknr_t finish = SB_BLOCK_COUNT(s) - 1;
+    int passno = 0;
+    int nr_allocated = 0;
+    int bigalloc = 0;
+
+    determine_prealloc_size(hint);
+    if (!hint->formatted_node) {
+        int quota_ret;
+#ifdef REISERQUOTA_DEBUG
+        reiserfs_debug (s, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE, "reiserquota: allocating %d blocks id=%u", amount_needed, hint->inode->i_uid);
+#endif
+        quota_ret = DQUOT_ALLOC_BLOCK_NODIRTY(hint->inode, amount_needed);
+        if (quota_ret)    /* Quota exceeded? */
+            return QUOTA_EXCEEDED;
+        if (hint->preallocate && hint->prealloc_size ) {
+#ifdef REISERQUOTA_DEBUG
+            reiserfs_debug (s, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE, "reiserquota: allocating (prealloc) %d blocks id=%u", hint->prealloc_size, hint->inode->i_uid);
+#endif
+            quota_ret = DQUOT_PREALLOC_BLOCK_NODIRTY(hint->inode, hint->prealloc_size);
+            if (quota_ret)
+                hint->preallocate=hint->prealloc_size=0;
+        }
+        /* for unformatted nodes, force large allocations */
+        bigalloc = amount_needed;
+    }
+
+    do {
+        /* in bigalloc mode, nr_allocated should stay zero until
+         * the entire allocation is filled
+         */
+        if (unlikely(bigalloc && nr_allocated)) {
+            reiserfs_warning(s, "bigalloc is %d, nr_allocated %d\n",
+            bigalloc, nr_allocated);
+            /* reset things to a sane value */
+            bigalloc = amount_needed - nr_allocated;
+        }
+        /*
+         * try pass 0 and pass 1 looking for a nice big
+         * contiguous allocation.  Then reset and look
+         * for anything you can find.
+         */
+        if (passno == 2 && bigalloc) {
+            passno = 0;
+            bigalloc = 0;
+        }
+        switch (passno++) {
+        case 0: /* Search from hint->search_start to end of disk */
+            start = hint->search_start;
+            finish = SB_BLOCK_COUNT(s) - 1;
+            break;
+        case 1: /* Search from hint->beg to hint->search_start */
+            start = hint->beg;
+            finish = hint->search_start;
+            break;
+        case 2: /* Last chance: Search from 0 to hint->beg */
+            start = 0;
+            finish = hint->beg;
+            break;
+        default: /* We've tried searching everywhere, not enough space */
+            /* Free the blocks */
+            if (!hint->formatted_node) {
+#ifdef REISERQUOTA_DEBUG
+                reiserfs_debug (s, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE, "reiserquota: freeing (nospace) %d blocks id=%u", amount_needed + hint->prealloc_size - nr_allocated, hint->inode->i_uid);
+#endif
+                DQUOT_FREE_BLOCK_NODIRTY(hint->inode, amount_needed + hint->prealloc_size - nr_allocated);     /* Free not allocated blocks */
+            }
+            while (nr_allocated --)
+                reiserfs_free_block(hint->th, hint->inode, new_blocknrs[nr_allocated], !hint->formatted_node);
+
+            return NO_DISK_SPACE;
+        }
+    } while ((nr_allocated += allocate_without_wrapping_disk (hint,
+                            new_blocknrs + nr_allocated, start, finish,
+                            bigalloc ? bigalloc : 1,
+                            amount_needed - nr_allocated,
+                            hint->prealloc_size))
+                        < amount_needed);
+    if ( !hint->formatted_node &&
+         amount_needed + hint->prealloc_size >
+         nr_allocated + REISERFS_I(hint->inode)->i_prealloc_count) {
+    /* Some of preallocation blocks were not allocated */
+#ifdef REISERQUOTA_DEBUG
+        reiserfs_debug (s, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE, "reiserquota: freeing (failed prealloc) %d blocks id=%u", amount_needed + hint->prealloc_size - nr_allocated - REISERFS_I(hint->inode)->i_prealloc_count, hint->inode->i_uid);
+#endif
+        DQUOT_FREE_BLOCK_NODIRTY(hint->inode, amount_needed +
+                                 hint->prealloc_size - nr_allocated -
+                                 REISERFS_I(hint->inode)->i_prealloc_count);
+    }
+
+    return CARRY_ON;
+}
+
+/* grab new blocknrs from preallocated list */
+/* return amount still needed after using them */
+static int use_preallocated_list_if_available (reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t *hint,
+                                               b_blocknr_t *new_blocknrs, int amount_needed)
+{
+    struct inode * inode = hint->inode;
+
+    if (REISERFS_I(inode)->i_prealloc_count > 0) {
+        while (amount_needed) {
+
+            *new_blocknrs ++ = REISERFS_I(inode)->i_prealloc_block ++;
+            REISERFS_I(inode)->i_prealloc_count --;
+
+            amount_needed --;
+
+            if (REISERFS_I(inode)->i_prealloc_count <= 0) {
+                list_del(&REISERFS_I(inode)->i_prealloc_list);  
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+      }
+    /* return amount still needed after using preallocated blocks */
+    return amount_needed;
+}
+
+int reiserfs_allocate_blocknrs(reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t *hint,
+                               b_blocknr_t * new_blocknrs, int amount_needed,
+                               int reserved_by_us /* Amount of blocks we have
+                                                      already reserved */)
+{
+    int initial_amount_needed = amount_needed;
+    int ret;
+    struct super_block *s = hint->th->t_super;
+
+    /* Check if there is enough space, taking into account reserved space */
+    if ( SB_FREE_BLOCKS(s) - REISERFS_SB(s)->reserved_blocks <
+         amount_needed - reserved_by_us)
+        return NO_DISK_SPACE;
+    /* should this be if !hint->inode &&  hint->preallocate? */
+    /* do you mean hint->formatted_node can be removed ? - Zam */
+    /* hint->formatted_node cannot be removed because we try to access
+       inode information here, and there is often no inode assotiated with
+       metadata allocations - green */
+
+    if (!hint->formatted_node && hint->preallocate) {
+        amount_needed = use_preallocated_list_if_available
+            (hint, new_blocknrs, amount_needed);
+        if (amount_needed == 0) /* all blocknrs we need we got from
+                                   prealloc. list */
+            return CARRY_ON;
+        new_blocknrs += (initial_amount_needed - amount_needed);
+    }
+
+    /* find search start and save it in hint structure */
+    determine_search_start(hint, amount_needed);
+    if (hint->search_start >= SB_BLOCK_COUNT(s))
+        hint->search_start = SB_BLOCK_COUNT(s) - 1;
+
+    /* allocation itself; fill new_blocknrs and preallocation arrays */
+    ret = blocknrs_and_prealloc_arrays_from_search_start
+        (hint, new_blocknrs, amount_needed);
+
+    /* we used prealloc. list to fill (partially) new_blocknrs array. If final allocation fails we
+     * need to return blocks back to prealloc. list or just free them. -- Zam (I chose second
+     * variant) */
+
+    if (ret != CARRY_ON) {
+        while (amount_needed ++ < initial_amount_needed) {
+            reiserfs_free_block(hint->th, hint->inode, *(--new_blocknrs), 1);
+        }
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+
+/* These 2 functions are here to provide blocks reservation to the rest of kernel */
+/* Reserve @blocks amount of blocks in fs pointed by @sb. Caller must make sure
+   there are actually this much blocks on the FS available */
+void reiserfs_claim_blocks_to_be_allocated( 
+                                      struct super_block *sb, /* super block of
+                                                                filesystem where
+                                                                blocks should be
+                                                                reserved */
+                                      int blocks /* How much to reserve */
+                                          )
+{
+
+    /* Fast case, if reservation is zero - exit immediately. */
+    if ( !blocks )
+        return;
+
+    spin_lock(&REISERFS_SB(sb)->bitmap_lock);
+    REISERFS_SB(sb)->reserved_blocks += blocks;
+    spin_unlock(&REISERFS_SB(sb)->bitmap_lock);
+}
+
+/* Unreserve @blocks amount of blocks in fs pointed by @sb */
+void reiserfs_release_claimed_blocks( 
+                                struct super_block *sb, /* super block of
+                                                          filesystem where
+                                                          blocks should be
+                                                          reserved */
+                                int blocks /* How much to unreserve */
+                                          )
+{
+
+    /* Fast case, if unreservation is zero - exit immediately. */
+    if ( !blocks )
+        return;
+
+    spin_lock(&REISERFS_SB(sb)->bitmap_lock);
+    REISERFS_SB(sb)->reserved_blocks -= blocks;
+    spin_unlock(&REISERFS_SB(sb)->bitmap_lock);
+    RFALSE( REISERFS_SB(sb)->reserved_blocks < 0, "amount of blocks reserved became zero?");
+}
+
+/* This function estimates how much pages we will be able to write to FS
+   used for reiserfs_file_write() purposes for now. */
+int reiserfs_can_fit_pages ( struct super_block *sb /* superblock of filesystem
+                                                       to estimate space */ )
+{
+        int space;
+
+        spin_lock(&REISERFS_SB(sb)->bitmap_lock);
+        space = (SB_FREE_BLOCKS(sb) - REISERFS_SB(sb)->reserved_blocks) >> ( PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT - sb->s_blocksize_bits);
+        spin_unlock(&REISERFS_SB(sb)->bitmap_lock);
+
+        return space>0?space:0;
+}
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/dir.c b/fs/reiserfs/dir.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..d1514a9b0514
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/dir.c
@@ -0,0 +1,275 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, licensing governed by reiserfs/README
+ */
+
+#include <linux/config.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <linux/errno.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_fs.h>
+#include <linux/stat.h>
+#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+#include <asm/uaccess.h>
+
+extern struct reiserfs_key  MIN_KEY;
+
+static int reiserfs_readdir (struct file *, void *, filldir_t);
+static int reiserfs_dir_fsync(struct file *filp, struct dentry *dentry, int datasync) ;
+
+struct file_operations reiserfs_dir_operations = {
+    .read       = generic_read_dir,
+    .readdir    = reiserfs_readdir,
+    .fsync      = reiserfs_dir_fsync,
+    .ioctl      = reiserfs_ioctl,
+};
+
+static int reiserfs_dir_fsync(struct file *filp, struct dentry *dentry, int datasync) {
+  struct inode *inode = dentry->d_inode;
+  int err;
+  reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+  err = reiserfs_commit_for_inode(inode) ;
+  reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb) ;
+  if (err < 0)
+      return err;
+  return 0;
+}
+
+
+#define store_ih(where,what) copy_item_head (where, what)
+
+//
+static int reiserfs_readdir (struct file * filp, void * dirent, filldir_t filldir)
+{
+    struct inode *inode = filp->f_dentry->d_inode;
+    struct cpu_key pos_key;     /* key of current position in the directory (key of directory entry) */
+    INITIALIZE_PATH (path_to_entry);
+    struct buffer_head * bh;
+    int item_num, entry_num;
+    const struct reiserfs_key * rkey;
+    struct item_head * ih, tmp_ih;
+    int search_res;
+    char * local_buf;
+    loff_t next_pos;
+    char small_buf[32] ; /* avoid kmalloc if we can */
+    struct reiserfs_dir_entry de;
+    int ret = 0;
+
+    reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+
+    reiserfs_check_lock_depth(inode->i_sb, "readdir") ;
+
+    /* form key for search the next directory entry using f_pos field of
+       file structure */
+    make_cpu_key (&pos_key, inode, (filp->f_pos) ? (filp->f_pos) : DOT_OFFSET,
+                  TYPE_DIRENTRY, 3);
+    next_pos = cpu_key_k_offset (&pos_key);
+
+    /*  reiserfs_warning (inode->i_sb, "reiserfs_readdir 1: f_pos = %Ld", filp->f_pos);*/
+
+    path_to_entry.reada = PATH_READA;
+    while (1) {
+    research:
+        /* search the directory item, containing entry with specified key */
+        search_res = search_by_entry_key (inode->i_sb, &pos_key, &path_to_entry, &de);
+        if (search_res == IO_ERROR) {
+            // FIXME: we could just skip part of directory which could
+            // not be read
+            ret = -EIO;
+            goto out;
+        }
+        entry_num = de.de_entry_num;
+        bh = de.de_bh;
+        item_num = de.de_item_num;
+        ih = de.de_ih;
+        store_ih (&tmp_ih, ih);
+                
+        /* we must have found item, that is item of this directory, */
+        RFALSE( COMP_SHORT_KEYS (&(ih->ih_key), &pos_key),
+                "vs-9000: found item %h does not match to dir we readdir %K",
+                ih, &pos_key);
+        RFALSE( item_num > B_NR_ITEMS (bh) - 1,
+                "vs-9005 item_num == %d, item amount == %d", 
+                item_num, B_NR_ITEMS (bh));
+      
+        /* and entry must be not more than number of entries in the item */
+        RFALSE( I_ENTRY_COUNT (ih) < entry_num,
+                "vs-9010: entry number is too big %d (%d)", 
+                entry_num, I_ENTRY_COUNT (ih));
+
+        if (search_res == POSITION_FOUND || entry_num < I_ENTRY_COUNT (ih)) {
+            /* go through all entries in the directory item beginning from the entry, that has been found */
+            struct reiserfs_de_head * deh = B_I_DEH (bh, ih) + entry_num;
+
+            for (; entry_num < I_ENTRY_COUNT (ih); entry_num ++, deh ++) {
+                int d_reclen;
+                char * d_name;
+                off_t d_off;
+                ino_t d_ino;
+
+                if (!de_visible (deh))
+                    /* it is hidden entry */
+                    continue;
+                d_reclen = entry_length (bh, ih, entry_num);
+                d_name = B_I_DEH_ENTRY_FILE_NAME (bh, ih, deh);
+                if (!d_name[d_reclen - 1])
+                    d_reclen = strlen (d_name);
+        
+                if (d_reclen > REISERFS_MAX_NAME(inode->i_sb->s_blocksize)){
+                    /* too big to send back to VFS */
+                    continue ;
+                }
+
+                /* Ignore the .reiserfs_priv entry */
+                if (reiserfs_xattrs (inode->i_sb) &&
+                    !old_format_only(inode->i_sb) &&
+                    filp->f_dentry == inode->i_sb->s_root &&
+                    REISERFS_SB(inode->i_sb)->priv_root &&
+                    REISERFS_SB(inode->i_sb)->priv_root->d_inode &&
+                    deh_objectid(deh) == le32_to_cpu (INODE_PKEY(REISERFS_SB(inode->i_sb)->priv_root->d_inode)->k_objectid)) {
+                  continue;
+                }
+
+                d_off = deh_offset (deh);
+                filp->f_pos = d_off ;
+                d_ino = deh_objectid (deh);
+                if (d_reclen <= 32) {
+                  local_buf = small_buf ;
+                } else {
+                    local_buf = reiserfs_kmalloc(d_reclen, GFP_NOFS, inode->i_sb) ;
+                    if (!local_buf) {
+                        pathrelse (&path_to_entry);
+                        ret = -ENOMEM ;
+                        goto out;
+                    }
+                    if (item_moved (&tmp_ih, &path_to_entry)) {
+                        reiserfs_kfree(local_buf, d_reclen, inode->i_sb) ;
+                        goto research;
+                    }
+                }
+                // Note, that we copy name to user space via temporary
+                // buffer (local_buf) because filldir will block if
+                // user space buffer is swapped out. At that time
+                // entry can move to somewhere else
+                memcpy (local_buf, d_name, d_reclen);
+                if (filldir (dirent, local_buf, d_reclen, d_off, d_ino, 
+                             DT_UNKNOWN) < 0) {
+                    if (local_buf != small_buf) {
+                        reiserfs_kfree(local_buf, d_reclen, inode->i_sb) ;
+                    }
+                    goto end;
+                }
+                if (local_buf != small_buf) {
+                    reiserfs_kfree(local_buf, d_reclen, inode->i_sb) ;
+                }
+
+                // next entry should be looked for with such offset
+                next_pos = deh_offset (deh) + 1;
+
+                if (item_moved (&tmp_ih, &path_to_entry)) {
+                    goto research;
+                }
+            } /* for */
+        }
+
+        if (item_num != B_NR_ITEMS (bh) - 1)
+            // end of directory has been reached
+            goto end;
+
+        /* item we went through is last item of node. Using right
+           delimiting key check is it directory end */
+        rkey = get_rkey (&path_to_entry, inode->i_sb);
+        if (! comp_le_keys (rkey, &MIN_KEY)) {
+            /* set pos_key to key, that is the smallest and greater
+               that key of the last entry in the item */
+            set_cpu_key_k_offset (&pos_key, next_pos);
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if ( COMP_SHORT_KEYS (rkey, &pos_key)) {
+            // end of directory has been reached
+            goto end;
+        }
+        
+        /* directory continues in the right neighboring block */
+        set_cpu_key_k_offset (&pos_key, le_key_k_offset (KEY_FORMAT_3_5, rkey));
+
+    } /* while */
+
+
+ end:
+    filp->f_pos = next_pos;
+    pathrelse (&path_to_entry);
+    reiserfs_check_path(&path_to_entry) ;
+ out:
+    reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+/* compose directory item containing "." and ".." entries (entries are
+   not aligned to 4 byte boundary) */
+/* the last four params are LE */
+void make_empty_dir_item_v1 (char * body, __u32 dirid, __u32 objid,
+                             __u32 par_dirid, __u32 par_objid)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_de_head * deh;
+
+    memset (body, 0, EMPTY_DIR_SIZE_V1);
+    deh = (struct reiserfs_de_head *)body;
+    
+    /* direntry header of "." */
+    put_deh_offset( &(deh[0]), DOT_OFFSET );
+    /* these two are from make_le_item_head, and are are LE */
+    deh[0].deh_dir_id = dirid;
+    deh[0].deh_objectid = objid;
+    deh[0].deh_state = 0; /* Endian safe if 0 */
+    put_deh_location( &(deh[0]), EMPTY_DIR_SIZE_V1 - strlen( "." ));
+    mark_de_visible(&(deh[0]));
+  
+    /* direntry header of ".." */
+    put_deh_offset( &(deh[1]), DOT_DOT_OFFSET);
+    /* key of ".." for the root directory */
+    /* these two are from the inode, and are are LE */
+    deh[1].deh_dir_id = par_dirid;
+    deh[1].deh_objectid = par_objid;
+    deh[1].deh_state = 0; /* Endian safe if 0 */
+    put_deh_location( &(deh[1]), deh_location( &(deh[0]) ) - strlen( ".." ) );
+    mark_de_visible(&(deh[1]));
+
+    /* copy ".." and "." */
+    memcpy (body + deh_location( &(deh[0]) ), ".", 1);
+    memcpy (body + deh_location( &(deh[1]) ), "..", 2);
+}
+
+/* compose directory item containing "." and ".." entries */
+void make_empty_dir_item (char * body, __u32 dirid, __u32 objid,
+                          __u32 par_dirid, __u32 par_objid)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_de_head * deh;
+
+    memset (body, 0, EMPTY_DIR_SIZE);
+    deh = (struct reiserfs_de_head *)body;
+    
+    /* direntry header of "." */
+    put_deh_offset( &(deh[0]), DOT_OFFSET );
+    /* these two are from make_le_item_head, and are are LE */
+    deh[0].deh_dir_id = dirid;
+    deh[0].deh_objectid = objid;
+    deh[0].deh_state = 0; /* Endian safe if 0 */
+    put_deh_location( &(deh[0]), EMPTY_DIR_SIZE - ROUND_UP( strlen( "." ) ) );
+    mark_de_visible(&(deh[0]));
+  
+    /* direntry header of ".." */
+    put_deh_offset( &(deh[1]), DOT_DOT_OFFSET );
+    /* key of ".." for the root directory */
+    /* these two are from the inode, and are are LE */
+    deh[1].deh_dir_id = par_dirid;
+    deh[1].deh_objectid = par_objid;
+    deh[1].deh_state = 0; /* Endian safe if 0 */
+    put_deh_location( &(deh[1]), deh_location( &(deh[0])) - ROUND_UP( strlen( ".." ) ) );
+    mark_de_visible(&(deh[1]));
+
+    /* copy ".." and "." */
+    memcpy (body + deh_location( &(deh[0]) ), ".", 1);
+    memcpy (body + deh_location( &(deh[1]) ), "..", 2);
+}
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/do_balan.c b/fs/reiserfs/do_balan.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..2118db2896c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/do_balan.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1597 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, licensing governed by reiserfs/README
+ */
+
+/* Now we have all buffers that must be used in balancing of the tree   */
+/* Further calculations can not cause schedule(), and thus the buffer   */
+/* tree will be stable until the balancing will be finished             */
+/* balance the tree according to the analysis made before,              */
+/* and using buffers obtained after all above.                          */
+
+
+/**
+ ** balance_leaf_when_delete
+ ** balance_leaf
+ ** do_balance
+ **
+ **/
+
+#include <linux/config.h>
+#include <asm/uaccess.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_fs.h>
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+
+struct tree_balance * cur_tb = NULL; /* detects whether more than one
+                                        copy of tb exists as a means
+                                        of checking whether schedule
+                                        is interrupting do_balance */
+#endif
+
+inline void do_balance_mark_leaf_dirty (struct tree_balance * tb, 
+                                        struct buffer_head * bh, int flag)
+{
+    journal_mark_dirty(tb->transaction_handle,
+                       tb->transaction_handle->t_super, bh) ;
+}
+
+#define do_balance_mark_internal_dirty do_balance_mark_leaf_dirty
+#define do_balance_mark_sb_dirty do_balance_mark_leaf_dirty
+
+
+/* summary: 
+ if deleting something ( tb->insert_size[0] < 0 )
+   return(balance_leaf_when_delete()); (flag d handled here)
+ else
+   if lnum is larger than 0 we put items into the left node
+   if rnum is larger than 0 we put items into the right node
+   if snum1 is larger than 0 we put items into the new node s1
+   if snum2 is larger than 0 we put items into the new node s2 
+Note that all *num* count new items being created.
+
+It would be easier to read balance_leaf() if each of these summary
+lines was a separate procedure rather than being inlined.  I think
+that there are many passages here and in balance_leaf_when_delete() in
+which two calls to one procedure can replace two passages, and it
+might save cache space and improve software maintenance costs to do so.  
+
+Vladimir made the perceptive comment that we should offload most of
+the decision making in this function into fix_nodes/check_balance, and
+then create some sort of structure in tb that says what actions should
+be performed by do_balance.
+
+-Hans */
+
+
+
+/* Balance leaf node in case of delete or cut: insert_size[0] < 0
+ *
+ * lnum, rnum can have values >= -1
+ *      -1 means that the neighbor must be joined with S
+ *       0 means that nothing should be done with the neighbor
+ *      >0 means to shift entirely or partly the specified number of items to the neighbor
+ */
+static int balance_leaf_when_delete (struct tree_balance * tb, int flag)
+{
+    struct buffer_head * tbS0 = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER (tb->tb_path);
+    int item_pos = PATH_LAST_POSITION (tb->tb_path);
+    int pos_in_item = tb->tb_path->pos_in_item;
+    struct buffer_info bi;
+    int n;
+    struct item_head * ih;
+
+    RFALSE( tb->FR[0] && B_LEVEL (tb->FR[0]) != DISK_LEAF_NODE_LEVEL + 1,
+            "vs- 12000: level: wrong FR %z", tb->FR[0]);
+    RFALSE( tb->blknum[0] > 1,
+            "PAP-12005: tb->blknum == %d, can not be > 1", tb->blknum[0]);
+    RFALSE( ! tb->blknum[0] && ! PATH_H_PPARENT(tb->tb_path, 0),
+            "PAP-12010: tree can not be empty");
+
+    ih = B_N_PITEM_HEAD (tbS0, item_pos);
+
+    /* Delete or truncate the item */
+
+    switch (flag) {
+    case M_DELETE:   /* delete item in S[0] */
+
+        RFALSE( ih_item_len(ih) + IH_SIZE != -tb->insert_size[0],
+                "vs-12013: mode Delete, insert size %d, ih to be deleted %h",
+                 -tb->insert_size [0], ih);
+
+        bi.tb = tb;
+        bi.bi_bh = tbS0;
+        bi.bi_parent = PATH_H_PPARENT (tb->tb_path, 0);
+        bi.bi_position = PATH_H_POSITION (tb->tb_path, 1);
+        leaf_delete_items (&bi, 0, item_pos, 1, -1);
+
+        if ( ! item_pos && tb->CFL[0] ) {
+            if ( B_NR_ITEMS(tbS0) ) {
+                replace_key(tb, tb->CFL[0],tb->lkey[0],tbS0,0);
+            }
+            else {
+                if ( ! PATH_H_POSITION (tb->tb_path, 1) )
+                    replace_key(tb, tb->CFL[0],tb->lkey[0],PATH_H_PPARENT(tb->tb_path, 0),0);
+            }
+        } 
+
+        RFALSE( ! item_pos && !tb->CFL[0],
+                "PAP-12020: tb->CFL[0]==%p, tb->L[0]==%p", tb->CFL[0], tb->L[0]);
+    
+        break;
+
+    case M_CUT: {  /* cut item in S[0] */
+        bi.tb = tb;
+        bi.bi_bh = tbS0;
+        bi.bi_parent = PATH_H_PPARENT (tb->tb_path, 0);
+        bi.bi_position = PATH_H_POSITION (tb->tb_path, 1);
+        if (is_direntry_le_ih (ih)) {
+
+            /* UFS unlink semantics are such that you can only delete one directory entry at a time. */
+            /* when we cut a directory tb->insert_size[0] means number of entries to be cut (always 1) */
+            tb->insert_size[0] = -1;
+            leaf_cut_from_buffer (&bi, item_pos, pos_in_item, -tb->insert_size[0]);
+
+            RFALSE( ! item_pos && ! pos_in_item && ! tb->CFL[0],
+                    "PAP-12030: can not change delimiting key. CFL[0]=%p", 
+                    tb->CFL[0]);
+
+            if ( ! item_pos && ! pos_in_item && tb->CFL[0] ) {
+                replace_key(tb, tb->CFL[0],tb->lkey[0],tbS0,0);
+            }
+        } else {
+            leaf_cut_from_buffer (&bi, item_pos, pos_in_item, -tb->insert_size[0]);
+
+            RFALSE( ! ih_item_len(ih),
+                "PAP-12035: cut must leave non-zero dynamic length of item");
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+
+    default:
+        print_cur_tb ("12040");
+        reiserfs_panic (tb->tb_sb, "PAP-12040: balance_leaf_when_delete: unexpectable mode: %s(%d)",
+                        (flag == M_PASTE) ? "PASTE" : ((flag == M_INSERT) ? "INSERT" : "UNKNOWN"), flag);
+    }
+
+    /* the rule is that no shifting occurs unless by shifting a node can be freed */
+    n = B_NR_ITEMS(tbS0);
+    if ( tb->lnum[0] )     /* L[0] takes part in balancing */
+    {
+        if ( tb->lnum[0] == -1 )    /* L[0] must be joined with S[0] */
+        {
+            if ( tb->rnum[0] == -1 )    /* R[0] must be also joined with S[0] */
+            {                   
+                if ( tb->FR[0] == PATH_H_PPARENT(tb->tb_path, 0) )
+                {
+                    /* all contents of all the 3 buffers will be in L[0] */
+                    if ( PATH_H_POSITION (tb->tb_path, 1) == 0 && 1 < B_NR_ITEMS(tb->FR[0]) )
+                        replace_key(tb, tb->CFL[0],tb->lkey[0],tb->FR[0],1);
+
+                    leaf_move_items (LEAF_FROM_S_TO_L, tb, n, -1, NULL);
+                    leaf_move_items (LEAF_FROM_R_TO_L, tb, B_NR_ITEMS(tb->R[0]), -1, NULL);
+
+                    reiserfs_invalidate_buffer (tb, tbS0);
+                    reiserfs_invalidate_buffer (tb, tb->R[0]);
+
+                    return 0;
+                }
+                /* all contents of all the 3 buffers will be in R[0] */
+                leaf_move_items (LEAF_FROM_S_TO_R, tb, n, -1, NULL);
+                leaf_move_items (LEAF_FROM_L_TO_R, tb, B_NR_ITEMS(tb->L[0]), -1, NULL);
+
+                /* right_delimiting_key is correct in R[0] */
+                replace_key(tb, tb->CFR[0],tb->rkey[0],tb->R[0],0);
+
+                reiserfs_invalidate_buffer (tb, tbS0);
+                reiserfs_invalidate_buffer (tb, tb->L[0]);
+
+                return -1;
+            }
+
+            RFALSE( tb->rnum[0] != 0, 
+                    "PAP-12045: rnum must be 0 (%d)", tb->rnum[0]);
+            /* all contents of L[0] and S[0] will be in L[0] */
+            leaf_shift_left(tb, n, -1);
+
+            reiserfs_invalidate_buffer (tb, tbS0);
+
+            return 0;
+        }
+        /* a part of contents of S[0] will be in L[0] and the rest part of S[0] will be in R[0] */
+
+        RFALSE( ( tb->lnum[0] + tb->rnum[0] < n ) || 
+                ( tb->lnum[0] + tb->rnum[0] > n+1 ),
+                "PAP-12050: rnum(%d) and lnum(%d) and item number(%d) in S[0] are not consistent",
+                tb->rnum[0], tb->lnum[0], n);
+        RFALSE( ( tb->lnum[0] + tb->rnum[0] == n ) && 
+                (tb->lbytes != -1 || tb->rbytes != -1),
+                "PAP-12055: bad rbytes (%d)/lbytes (%d) parameters when items are not split", 
+                tb->rbytes, tb->lbytes);
+        RFALSE( ( tb->lnum[0] + tb->rnum[0] == n + 1 ) && 
+                (tb->lbytes < 1 || tb->rbytes != -1),
+                "PAP-12060: bad rbytes (%d)/lbytes (%d) parameters when items are split", 
+                tb->rbytes, tb->lbytes);
+
+        leaf_shift_left (tb, tb->lnum[0], tb->lbytes);
+        leaf_shift_right(tb, tb->rnum[0], tb->rbytes);
+
+        reiserfs_invalidate_buffer (tb, tbS0);
+
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    if ( tb->rnum[0] == -1 ) {
+        /* all contents of R[0] and S[0] will be in R[0] */
+        leaf_shift_right(tb, n, -1);
+        reiserfs_invalidate_buffer (tb, tbS0);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    RFALSE( tb->rnum[0], 
+            "PAP-12065: bad rnum parameter must be 0 (%d)", tb->rnum[0]);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+
+static int balance_leaf (struct tree_balance * tb,
+                         struct item_head * ih,         /* item header of inserted item (this is on little endian) */
+                         const char * body,             /* body  of inserted item or bytes to paste */
+                         int flag,                      /* i - insert, d - delete, c - cut, p - paste
+                                                           (see comment to do_balance) */
+                         struct item_head * insert_key,  /* in our processing of one level we sometimes determine what
+                                                            must be inserted into the next higher level.  This insertion
+                                                            consists of a key or two keys and their corresponding
+                                                            pointers */
+                         struct buffer_head ** insert_ptr /* inserted node-ptrs for the next level */
+    )
+{
+    struct buffer_head * tbS0 = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER (tb->tb_path);
+    int item_pos = PATH_LAST_POSITION (tb->tb_path);    /*  index into the array of item headers in S[0] 
+                                                            of the affected item */
+    struct buffer_info bi;
+    struct buffer_head *S_new[2];  /* new nodes allocated to hold what could not fit into S */
+    int snum[2];            /* number of items that will be placed
+                               into S_new (includes partially shifted
+                               items) */
+    int sbytes[2];          /* if an item is partially shifted into S_new then 
+                               if it is a directory item 
+                               it is the number of entries from the item that are shifted into S_new
+                               else
+                               it is the number of bytes from the item that are shifted into S_new
+                            */
+    int n, i;
+    int ret_val;
+    int pos_in_item;
+    int zeros_num;
+
+    PROC_INFO_INC( tb -> tb_sb, balance_at[ 0 ] );
+
+    /* Make balance in case insert_size[0] < 0 */
+    if ( tb->insert_size[0] < 0 )
+        return balance_leaf_when_delete (tb, flag);
+  
+    zeros_num = 0;
+    if (flag == M_INSERT && body == 0)
+        zeros_num = ih_item_len( ih );
+
+    pos_in_item = tb->tb_path->pos_in_item;
+    /* for indirect item pos_in_item is measured in unformatted node
+       pointers. Recalculate to bytes */
+    if (flag != M_INSERT && is_indirect_le_ih (B_N_PITEM_HEAD (tbS0, item_pos)))
+        pos_in_item *= UNFM_P_SIZE;
+
+    if ( tb->lnum[0] > 0 ) {
+        /* Shift lnum[0] items from S[0] to the left neighbor L[0] */
+        if ( item_pos < tb->lnum[0] ) {
+            /* new item or it part falls to L[0], shift it too */
+            n = B_NR_ITEMS(tb->L[0]);
+
+            switch (flag) {
+            case M_INSERT:   /* insert item into L[0] */
+
+                if ( item_pos == tb->lnum[0] - 1 && tb->lbytes != -1 ) {
+                    /* part of new item falls into L[0] */
+                    int new_item_len;
+                    int version;
+
+                    ret_val = leaf_shift_left (tb, tb->lnum[0]-1, -1);
+
+                    /* Calculate item length to insert to S[0] */
+                    new_item_len = ih_item_len(ih) - tb->lbytes;
+                    /* Calculate and check item length to insert to L[0] */
+                    put_ih_item_len(ih, ih_item_len(ih) - new_item_len );
+
+                    RFALSE( ih_item_len(ih) <= 0,
+                            "PAP-12080: there is nothing to insert into L[0]: ih_item_len=%d",
+                            ih_item_len(ih));
+
+                    /* Insert new item into L[0] */
+                    bi.tb = tb;
+                    bi.bi_bh = tb->L[0];
+                    bi.bi_parent = tb->FL[0];
+                    bi.bi_position = get_left_neighbor_position (tb, 0);
+                    leaf_insert_into_buf (&bi, n + item_pos - ret_val, ih, body,
+                                          zeros_num > ih_item_len(ih) ? ih_item_len(ih) : zeros_num);
+
+                    version = ih_version (ih);
+
+                    /* Calculate key component, item length and body to insert into S[0] */
+                    set_le_ih_k_offset( ih, le_ih_k_offset( ih ) + (tb->lbytes << (is_indirect_le_ih(ih)?tb->tb_sb->s_blocksize_bits - UNFM_P_SHIFT:0)) );
+
+                    put_ih_item_len( ih, new_item_len );
+                    if ( tb->lbytes >  zeros_num ) {
+                        body += (tb->lbytes - zeros_num);
+                        zeros_num = 0;
+                    }
+                    else
+                        zeros_num -= tb->lbytes;
+
+                    RFALSE( ih_item_len(ih) <= 0,
+                        "PAP-12085: there is nothing to insert into S[0]: ih_item_len=%d",
+                        ih_item_len(ih));
+                } else {
+                    /* new item in whole falls into L[0] */
+                    /* Shift lnum[0]-1 items to L[0] */
+                    ret_val = leaf_shift_left(tb, tb->lnum[0]-1, tb->lbytes);
+                    /* Insert new item into L[0] */
+                    bi.tb = tb;
+                    bi.bi_bh = tb->L[0];
+                    bi.bi_parent = tb->FL[0];
+                    bi.bi_position = get_left_neighbor_position (tb, 0);
+                    leaf_insert_into_buf (&bi, n + item_pos - ret_val, ih, body, zeros_num);
+                    tb->insert_size[0] = 0;
+                    zeros_num = 0;
+                }
+                break;
+
+            case M_PASTE:   /* append item in L[0] */
+
+                if ( item_pos == tb->lnum[0] - 1 && tb->lbytes != -1 ) {
+                    /* we must shift the part of the appended item */
+                    if ( is_direntry_le_ih (B_N_PITEM_HEAD (tbS0, item_pos))) {
+
+                        RFALSE( zeros_num,
+                                "PAP-12090: invalid parameter in case of a directory");
+                        /* directory item */
+                        if ( tb->lbytes > pos_in_item ) {
+                            /* new directory entry falls into L[0] */
+                            struct item_head * pasted;
+                            int l_pos_in_item = pos_in_item;
+                                                          
+                            /* Shift lnum[0] - 1 items in whole. Shift lbytes - 1 entries from given directory item */
+                            ret_val = leaf_shift_left(tb, tb->lnum[0], tb->lbytes - 1);
+                            if ( ret_val && ! item_pos ) {
+                                pasted =  B_N_PITEM_HEAD(tb->L[0],B_NR_ITEMS(tb->L[0])-1);
+                                l_pos_in_item += I_ENTRY_COUNT(pasted) - (tb->lbytes-1);
+                            }
+
+                            /* Append given directory entry to directory item */
+                            bi.tb = tb;
+                            bi.bi_bh = tb->L[0];
+                            bi.bi_parent = tb->FL[0];
+                            bi.bi_position = get_left_neighbor_position (tb, 0);
+                            leaf_paste_in_buffer (&bi, n + item_pos - ret_val, l_pos_in_item,
+                                                  tb->insert_size[0], body, zeros_num);
+
+                            /* previous string prepared space for pasting new entry, following string pastes this entry */
+
+                            /* when we have merge directory item, pos_in_item has been changed too */
+
+                            /* paste new directory entry. 1 is entry number */
+                            leaf_paste_entries (bi.bi_bh, n + item_pos - ret_val, l_pos_in_item, 1,
+                                                (struct reiserfs_de_head *)body, 
+                                                body + DEH_SIZE, tb->insert_size[0]
+                                );
+                            tb->insert_size[0] = 0;
+                        } else {
+                            /* new directory item doesn't fall into L[0] */
+                            /* Shift lnum[0]-1 items in whole. Shift lbytes directory entries from directory item number lnum[0] */
+                            leaf_shift_left (tb, tb->lnum[0], tb->lbytes);
+                        }
+                        /* Calculate new position to append in item body */
+                        pos_in_item -= tb->lbytes;
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        /* regular object */
+                        RFALSE( tb->lbytes <= 0,
+                                "PAP-12095: there is nothing to shift to L[0]. lbytes=%d",
+                                tb->lbytes);
+                        RFALSE( pos_in_item != ih_item_len(B_N_PITEM_HEAD(tbS0, item_pos)),
+                                "PAP-12100: incorrect position to paste: item_len=%d, pos_in_item=%d",
+                                ih_item_len(B_N_PITEM_HEAD(tbS0,item_pos)), pos_in_item);
+
+                        if ( tb->lbytes >= pos_in_item ) {
+                            /* appended item will be in L[0] in whole */
+                            int l_n;
+
+                            /* this bytes number must be appended to the last item of L[h] */
+                            l_n = tb->lbytes - pos_in_item;
+
+                            /* Calculate new insert_size[0] */
+                            tb->insert_size[0] -= l_n;
+
+                            RFALSE( tb->insert_size[0] <= 0,
+                                    "PAP-12105: there is nothing to paste into L[0]. insert_size=%d",
+                                    tb->insert_size[0]);
+                            ret_val =  leaf_shift_left(tb,tb->lnum[0], 
+                                                       ih_item_len(B_N_PITEM_HEAD(tbS0,item_pos)));
+                            /* Append to body of item in L[0] */
+                            bi.tb = tb;
+                            bi.bi_bh = tb->L[0];
+                            bi.bi_parent = tb->FL[0];
+                            bi.bi_position = get_left_neighbor_position (tb, 0);
+                            leaf_paste_in_buffer(
+                                &bi,n + item_pos - ret_val,
+                                ih_item_len( B_N_PITEM_HEAD(tb->L[0],n+item_pos-ret_val)),
+                                l_n,body, zeros_num > l_n ? l_n : zeros_num
+                                );
+                            /* 0-th item in S0 can be only of DIRECT type when l_n != 0*/
+                            {
+                                int version;
+                                int temp_l = l_n;
+                                
+                                RFALSE (ih_item_len (B_N_PITEM_HEAD (tbS0, 0)),
+                                        "PAP-12106: item length must be 0");
+                                RFALSE (comp_short_le_keys (B_N_PKEY (tbS0, 0),
+                                                            B_N_PKEY (tb->L[0],
+                                                                            n + item_pos - ret_val)),
+                                        "PAP-12107: items must be of the same file");
+                                if (is_indirect_le_ih(B_N_PITEM_HEAD (tb->L[0],
+                                                                      n + item_pos - ret_val))) {
+                                    temp_l = l_n << (tb->tb_sb->s_blocksize_bits - UNFM_P_SHIFT);
+                                }
+                                /* update key of first item in S0 */
+                                version = ih_version (B_N_PITEM_HEAD (tbS0, 0));
+                                set_le_key_k_offset (version, B_N_PKEY (tbS0, 0), 
+                                                     le_key_k_offset (version, B_N_PKEY (tbS0, 0)) + temp_l);
+                                /* update left delimiting key */
+                                set_le_key_k_offset (version, B_N_PDELIM_KEY(tb->CFL[0],tb->lkey[0]),
+                                                     le_key_k_offset (version, B_N_PDELIM_KEY(tb->CFL[0],tb->lkey[0])) + temp_l);
+                            }
+
+                            /* Calculate new body, position in item and insert_size[0] */
+                            if ( l_n > zeros_num ) {
+                                body += (l_n - zeros_num);
+                                zeros_num = 0;
+                            }
+                            else
+                                zeros_num -= l_n;
+                            pos_in_item = 0;    
+
+                            RFALSE( comp_short_le_keys 
+                                    (B_N_PKEY(tbS0,0),
+                                     B_N_PKEY(tb->L[0],B_NR_ITEMS(tb->L[0])-1)) ||
+                                
+                                    !op_is_left_mergeable 
+                                    (B_N_PKEY (tbS0, 0), tbS0->b_size) ||
+                                    !op_is_left_mergeable
+                                    (B_N_PDELIM_KEY(tb->CFL[0],tb->lkey[0]), 
+                                     tbS0->b_size),
+                                    "PAP-12120: item must be merge-able with left neighboring item");
+                        }
+                        else /* only part of the appended item will be in L[0] */
+                        {
+                            /* Calculate position in item for append in S[0] */
+                            pos_in_item -= tb->lbytes;
+
+                            RFALSE( pos_in_item <= 0,
+                                    "PAP-12125: no place for paste. pos_in_item=%d", pos_in_item);
+
+                            /* Shift lnum[0] - 1 items in whole. Shift lbytes - 1 byte from item number lnum[0] */
+                            leaf_shift_left(tb,tb->lnum[0],tb->lbytes);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                else /* appended item will be in L[0] in whole */
+                {
+                    struct item_head * pasted;
+
+                        if ( ! item_pos  && op_is_left_mergeable (B_N_PKEY (tbS0, 0), tbS0->b_size) )
+                        { /* if we paste into first item of S[0] and it is left mergable */
+                            /* then increment pos_in_item by the size of the last item in L[0] */
+                            pasted = B_N_PITEM_HEAD(tb->L[0],n-1);
+                            if ( is_direntry_le_ih (pasted) )
+                                pos_in_item += ih_entry_count(pasted);
+                            else
+                                pos_in_item += ih_item_len(pasted);
+                        }
+
+                    /* Shift lnum[0] - 1 items in whole. Shift lbytes - 1 byte from item number lnum[0] */
+                    ret_val = leaf_shift_left(tb,tb->lnum[0],tb->lbytes);
+                    /* Append to body of item in L[0] */
+                    bi.tb = tb;
+                    bi.bi_bh = tb->L[0];
+                    bi.bi_parent = tb->FL[0];
+                    bi.bi_position = get_left_neighbor_position (tb, 0);
+                    leaf_paste_in_buffer (&bi, n + item_pos - ret_val, pos_in_item, tb->insert_size[0],
+                                          body, zeros_num);
+
+                    /* if appended item is directory, paste entry */
+                    pasted = B_N_PITEM_HEAD (tb->L[0], n + item_pos - ret_val);
+                    if (is_direntry_le_ih (pasted))
+                        leaf_paste_entries (
+                            bi.bi_bh, n + item_pos - ret_val, pos_in_item, 1, 
+                            (struct reiserfs_de_head *)body, body + DEH_SIZE, tb->insert_size[0]
+                            );
+                    /* if appended item is indirect item, put unformatted node into un list */
+                    if (is_indirect_le_ih (pasted))
+                        set_ih_free_space (pasted, 0);
+                    tb->insert_size[0] = 0;
+                    zeros_num = 0;
+                }
+                break;
+            default:    /* cases d and t */
+                reiserfs_panic (tb->tb_sb, "PAP-12130: balance_leaf: lnum > 0: unexpectable mode: %s(%d)",
+                                (flag == M_DELETE) ? "DELETE" : ((flag == M_CUT) ? "CUT" : "UNKNOWN"), flag);
+            }
+        } else { 
+            /* new item doesn't fall into L[0] */
+            leaf_shift_left(tb,tb->lnum[0],tb->lbytes);
+        }
+    }   /* tb->lnum[0] > 0 */
+
+    /* Calculate new item position */
+    item_pos -= ( tb->lnum[0] - (( tb->lbytes != -1 ) ? 1 : 0));
+
+    if ( tb->rnum[0] > 0 ) {
+        /* shift rnum[0] items from S[0] to the right neighbor R[0] */
+        n = B_NR_ITEMS(tbS0);
+        switch ( flag ) {
+
+        case M_INSERT:   /* insert item */
+            if ( n - tb->rnum[0] < item_pos )
+            { /* new item or its part falls to R[0] */
+                if ( item_pos == n - tb->rnum[0] + 1 && tb->rbytes != -1 )
+                { /* part of new item falls into R[0] */
+                    loff_t old_key_comp, old_len, r_zeros_number;
+                    const char * r_body;
+                    int version;
+                    loff_t offset;
+
+                    leaf_shift_right(tb,tb->rnum[0]-1,-1);
+
+                    version = ih_version(ih);
+                    /* Remember key component and item length */
+                    old_key_comp = le_ih_k_offset( ih );
+                    old_len = ih_item_len(ih);
+
+                    /* Calculate key component and item length to insert into R[0] */
+                    offset = le_ih_k_offset( ih ) + ((old_len - tb->rbytes )<<(is_indirect_le_ih(ih)?tb->tb_sb->s_blocksize_bits - UNFM_P_SHIFT:0));
+                    set_le_ih_k_offset( ih, offset );
+                    put_ih_item_len( ih, tb->rbytes);
+                    /* Insert part of the item into R[0] */
+                    bi.tb = tb;
+                    bi.bi_bh = tb->R[0];
+                    bi.bi_parent = tb->FR[0];
+                    bi.bi_position = get_right_neighbor_position (tb, 0);
+                    if ( (old_len - tb->rbytes) > zeros_num ) {
+                        r_zeros_number = 0;
+                        r_body = body + (old_len - tb->rbytes) - zeros_num;
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        r_body = body;
+                        r_zeros_number = zeros_num - (old_len - tb->rbytes);
+                        zeros_num -= r_zeros_number;
+                    }
+
+                    leaf_insert_into_buf (&bi, 0, ih, r_body, r_zeros_number);
+
+                    /* Replace right delimiting key by first key in R[0] */
+                    replace_key(tb, tb->CFR[0],tb->rkey[0],tb->R[0],0);
+
+                    /* Calculate key component and item length to insert into S[0] */
+                    set_le_ih_k_offset( ih, old_key_comp );
+                    put_ih_item_len( ih, old_len - tb->rbytes );
+
+                    tb->insert_size[0] -= tb->rbytes;
+
+                }
+                else /* whole new item falls into R[0] */
+                {                                         
+                    /* Shift rnum[0]-1 items to R[0] */
+                    ret_val = leaf_shift_right(tb,tb->rnum[0]-1,tb->rbytes);
+                    /* Insert new item into R[0] */
+                    bi.tb = tb;
+                    bi.bi_bh = tb->R[0];
+                    bi.bi_parent = tb->FR[0];
+                    bi.bi_position = get_right_neighbor_position (tb, 0);
+                    leaf_insert_into_buf (&bi, item_pos - n + tb->rnum[0] - 1, ih, body, zeros_num);
+
+                    if ( item_pos - n + tb->rnum[0] - 1 == 0 ) {
+                        replace_key(tb, tb->CFR[0],tb->rkey[0],tb->R[0],0);
+
+                    }
+                    zeros_num = tb->insert_size[0] = 0;
+                }
+            }
+            else /* new item or part of it doesn't fall into R[0] */
+            {
+                leaf_shift_right(tb,tb->rnum[0],tb->rbytes);
+            }
+            break;
+
+        case M_PASTE:   /* append item */
+
+            if ( n - tb->rnum[0] <= item_pos )  /* pasted item or part of it falls to R[0] */
+            {
+                if ( item_pos == n - tb->rnum[0] && tb->rbytes != -1 )
+                { /* we must shift the part of the appended item */
+                    if ( is_direntry_le_ih (B_N_PITEM_HEAD(tbS0, item_pos)))
+                    { /* we append to directory item */
+                        int entry_count;
+
+                        RFALSE( zeros_num,
+                                "PAP-12145: invalid parameter in case of a directory");
+                        entry_count = I_ENTRY_COUNT(B_N_PITEM_HEAD(tbS0, item_pos));
+                        if ( entry_count - tb->rbytes < pos_in_item )
+                            /* new directory entry falls into R[0] */
+                        {
+                            int paste_entry_position;
+
+                            RFALSE( tb->rbytes - 1 >= entry_count || 
+                                    ! tb->insert_size[0],
+                                    "PAP-12150: no enough of entries to shift to R[0]: rbytes=%d, entry_count=%d",
+                                    tb->rbytes, entry_count);
+                            /* Shift rnum[0]-1 items in whole. Shift rbytes-1 directory entries from directory item number rnum[0] */
+                            leaf_shift_right(tb,tb->rnum[0],tb->rbytes - 1);
+                            /* Paste given directory entry to directory item */
+                            paste_entry_position = pos_in_item - entry_count + tb->rbytes - 1;
+                            bi.tb = tb;
+                            bi.bi_bh = tb->R[0];
+                            bi.bi_parent = tb->FR[0];
+                            bi.bi_position = get_right_neighbor_position (tb, 0);
+                            leaf_paste_in_buffer (&bi, 0, paste_entry_position,
+                                                  tb->insert_size[0],body,zeros_num);
+                            /* paste entry */
+                            leaf_paste_entries (
+                                bi.bi_bh, 0, paste_entry_position, 1, (struct reiserfs_de_head *)body, 
+                                body + DEH_SIZE, tb->insert_size[0]
+                                );                                                              
+                                                
+                            if ( paste_entry_position == 0 ) {
+                                /* change delimiting keys */
+                                replace_key(tb, tb->CFR[0],tb->rkey[0],tb->R[0],0);
+                            }
+
+                            tb->insert_size[0] = 0;
+                            pos_in_item++;
+                        }
+                        else /* new directory entry doesn't fall into R[0] */
+                        {
+                            leaf_shift_right(tb,tb->rnum[0],tb->rbytes);
+                        }
+                    }
+                    else /* regular object */
+                    {
+                        int n_shift, n_rem, r_zeros_number;
+                        const char * r_body;
+
+                        /* Calculate number of bytes which must be shifted from appended item */
+                        if ( (n_shift = tb->rbytes - tb->insert_size[0]) < 0 )
+                            n_shift = 0;
+
+                        RFALSE(pos_in_item != ih_item_len(B_N_PITEM_HEAD (tbS0, item_pos)),
+                               "PAP-12155: invalid position to paste. ih_item_len=%d, pos_in_item=%d",
+                               pos_in_item, ih_item_len( B_N_PITEM_HEAD(tbS0,item_pos)));
+
+                        leaf_shift_right(tb,tb->rnum[0],n_shift);
+                        /* Calculate number of bytes which must remain in body after appending to R[0] */
+                        if ( (n_rem = tb->insert_size[0] - tb->rbytes) < 0 )
+                            n_rem = 0;
+                        
+                        {
+                          int version;
+                          unsigned long temp_rem = n_rem;
+                          
+                          version = ih_version (B_N_PITEM_HEAD (tb->R[0],0));
+                          if (is_indirect_le_key(version,B_N_PKEY(tb->R[0],0))){
+                              temp_rem = n_rem << (tb->tb_sb->s_blocksize_bits -
+                                         UNFM_P_SHIFT);
+                          }
+                          set_le_key_k_offset (version, B_N_PKEY(tb->R[0],0), 
+                                               le_key_k_offset (version, B_N_PKEY(tb->R[0],0)) + temp_rem);
+                          set_le_key_k_offset (version, B_N_PDELIM_KEY(tb->CFR[0],tb->rkey[0]), 
+                                               le_key_k_offset (version, B_N_PDELIM_KEY(tb->CFR[0],tb->rkey[0])) + temp_rem);
+                        }
+/*                k_offset (B_N_PKEY(tb->R[0],0)) += n_rem;
+                  k_offset (B_N_PDELIM_KEY(tb->CFR[0],tb->rkey[0])) += n_rem;*/
+                        do_balance_mark_internal_dirty (tb, tb->CFR[0], 0);
+
+                        /* Append part of body into R[0] */
+                        bi.tb = tb;
+                        bi.bi_bh = tb->R[0];
+                        bi.bi_parent = tb->FR[0];
+                        bi.bi_position = get_right_neighbor_position (tb, 0);
+                        if ( n_rem > zeros_num ) {
+                            r_zeros_number = 0;
+                            r_body = body + n_rem - zeros_num;
+                        }
+                        else {
+                            r_body = body;
+                            r_zeros_number = zeros_num - n_rem;
+                            zeros_num -= r_zeros_number;
+                        }
+
+                        leaf_paste_in_buffer(&bi, 0, n_shift, tb->insert_size[0] - n_rem, r_body, r_zeros_number);
+
+                        if (is_indirect_le_ih (B_N_PITEM_HEAD(tb->R[0],0))) {
+#if 0
+                            RFALSE( n_rem,
+                                    "PAP-12160: paste more than one unformatted node pointer");
+#endif
+                            set_ih_free_space (B_N_PITEM_HEAD(tb->R[0],0), 0);
+                        }
+                        tb->insert_size[0] = n_rem;
+                        if ( ! n_rem )
+                            pos_in_item ++;
+                    }
+                }
+                else /* pasted item in whole falls into R[0] */
+                {
+                    struct item_head * pasted;
+
+                    ret_val = leaf_shift_right(tb,tb->rnum[0],tb->rbytes);
+                    /* append item in R[0] */
+                    if ( pos_in_item >= 0 ) {
+                        bi.tb = tb;
+                        bi.bi_bh = tb->R[0];
+                        bi.bi_parent = tb->FR[0];
+                        bi.bi_position = get_right_neighbor_position (tb, 0);
+                        leaf_paste_in_buffer(&bi,item_pos - n + tb->rnum[0], pos_in_item,
+                                             tb->insert_size[0],body, zeros_num);
+                    }
+
+                    /* paste new entry, if item is directory item */
+                    pasted = B_N_PITEM_HEAD(tb->R[0], item_pos - n + tb->rnum[0]);
+                    if (is_direntry_le_ih (pasted) && pos_in_item >= 0 ) {
+                        leaf_paste_entries (
+                            bi.bi_bh, item_pos - n + tb->rnum[0], pos_in_item, 1, 
+                            (struct reiserfs_de_head *)body, body + DEH_SIZE, tb->insert_size[0]
+                            );
+                        if ( ! pos_in_item ) {
+
+                            RFALSE( item_pos - n + tb->rnum[0],
+                                    "PAP-12165: directory item must be first item of node when pasting is in 0th position");
+
+                            /* update delimiting keys */
+                            replace_key(tb, tb->CFR[0],tb->rkey[0],tb->R[0],0);
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    if (is_indirect_le_ih (pasted))
+                        set_ih_free_space (pasted, 0);
+                    zeros_num = tb->insert_size[0] = 0;
+                }
+            }
+            else /* new item doesn't fall into R[0] */
+            {
+                leaf_shift_right(tb,tb->rnum[0],tb->rbytes);
+            }
+            break;
+        default:    /* cases d and t */
+            reiserfs_panic (tb->tb_sb, "PAP-12175: balance_leaf: rnum > 0: unexpectable mode: %s(%d)",
+                            (flag == M_DELETE) ? "DELETE" : ((flag == M_CUT) ? "CUT" : "UNKNOWN"), flag);
+        }
+    
+    }   /* tb->rnum[0] > 0 */
+
+
+    RFALSE( tb->blknum[0] > 3,
+            "PAP-12180: blknum can not be %d. It must be <= 3",  tb->blknum[0]);
+    RFALSE( tb->blknum[0] < 0,
+            "PAP-12185: blknum can not be %d. It must be >= 0",  tb->blknum[0]);
+
+    /* if while adding to a node we discover that it is possible to split
+       it in two, and merge the left part into the left neighbor and the
+       right part into the right neighbor, eliminating the node */
+    if ( tb->blknum[0] == 0 ) { /* node S[0] is empty now */
+
+        RFALSE( ! tb->lnum[0] || ! tb->rnum[0],
+                "PAP-12190: lnum and rnum must not be zero");
+        /* if insertion was done before 0-th position in R[0], right
+           delimiting key of the tb->L[0]'s and left delimiting key are
+           not set correctly */
+        if (tb->CFL[0]) {
+            if (!tb->CFR[0])
+                reiserfs_panic (tb->tb_sb, "vs-12195: balance_leaf: CFR not initialized");
+            copy_key (B_N_PDELIM_KEY (tb->CFL[0], tb->lkey[0]), B_N_PDELIM_KEY (tb->CFR[0], tb->rkey[0]));
+            do_balance_mark_internal_dirty (tb, tb->CFL[0], 0);
+        }
+
+        reiserfs_invalidate_buffer(tb,tbS0);                                                                    
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+
+    /* Fill new nodes that appear in place of S[0] */
+
+    /* I am told that this copying is because we need an array to enable
+       the looping code. -Hans */
+    snum[0] = tb->s1num,
+        snum[1] = tb->s2num;
+    sbytes[0] = tb->s1bytes;
+    sbytes[1] = tb->s2bytes;
+    for( i = tb->blknum[0] - 2; i >= 0; i-- ) {
+
+        RFALSE( !snum[i], "PAP-12200: snum[%d] == %d. Must be > 0", i, snum[i]);
+
+        /* here we shift from S to S_new nodes */
+
+        S_new[i] = get_FEB(tb);
+
+        /* initialized block type and tree level */
+        set_blkh_level( B_BLK_HEAD(S_new[i]), DISK_LEAF_NODE_LEVEL );
+
+
+        n = B_NR_ITEMS(tbS0);
+        
+        switch (flag) {
+        case M_INSERT:   /* insert item */
+
+            if ( n - snum[i] < item_pos )
+            { /* new item or it's part falls to first new node S_new[i]*/
+                if ( item_pos == n - snum[i] + 1 && sbytes[i] != -1 )
+                { /* part of new item falls into S_new[i] */
+                    int old_key_comp, old_len, r_zeros_number;
+                    const char * r_body;
+                    int version;
+
+                    /* Move snum[i]-1 items from S[0] to S_new[i] */
+                    leaf_move_items (LEAF_FROM_S_TO_SNEW, tb, snum[i] - 1, -1, S_new[i]);
+                    /* Remember key component and item length */
+                    version = ih_version (ih);
+                    old_key_comp = le_ih_k_offset( ih );
+                    old_len = ih_item_len(ih);
+
+                    /* Calculate key component and item length to insert into S_new[i] */
+                    set_le_ih_k_offset( ih,
+                                le_ih_k_offset(ih) + ((old_len - sbytes[i] )<<(is_indirect_le_ih(ih)?tb->tb_sb->s_blocksize_bits - UNFM_P_SHIFT:0)) );
+
+                    put_ih_item_len( ih, sbytes[i] );
+
+                    /* Insert part of the item into S_new[i] before 0-th item */
+                    bi.tb = tb;
+                    bi.bi_bh = S_new[i];
+                    bi.bi_parent = NULL;
+                    bi.bi_position = 0;
+
+                    if ( (old_len - sbytes[i]) > zeros_num ) {
+                        r_zeros_number = 0;
+                        r_body = body + (old_len - sbytes[i]) - zeros_num;
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        r_body = body;
+                        r_zeros_number = zeros_num - (old_len - sbytes[i]);
+                        zeros_num -= r_zeros_number;
+                    }
+
+                    leaf_insert_into_buf (&bi, 0, ih, r_body, r_zeros_number);
+
+                    /* Calculate key component and item length to insert into S[i] */
+                    set_le_ih_k_offset( ih, old_key_comp );
+                    put_ih_item_len( ih, old_len - sbytes[i] );
+                    tb->insert_size[0] -= sbytes[i];
+                }
+                else /* whole new item falls into S_new[i] */
+                {
+                    /* Shift snum[0] - 1 items to S_new[i] (sbytes[i] of split item) */
+                    leaf_move_items (LEAF_FROM_S_TO_SNEW, tb, snum[i] - 1, sbytes[i], S_new[i]);
+
+                    /* Insert new item into S_new[i] */
+                    bi.tb = tb;
+                    bi.bi_bh = S_new[i];
+                    bi.bi_parent = NULL;
+                    bi.bi_position = 0;
+                    leaf_insert_into_buf (&bi, item_pos - n + snum[i] - 1, ih, body, zeros_num);
+
+                    zeros_num = tb->insert_size[0] = 0;
+                }
+            }
+
+            else /* new item or it part don't falls into S_new[i] */
+            {
+                leaf_move_items (LEAF_FROM_S_TO_SNEW, tb, snum[i], sbytes[i], S_new[i]);
+            }
+            break;
+
+        case M_PASTE:   /* append item */
+
+            if ( n - snum[i] <= item_pos )  /* pasted item or part if it falls to S_new[i] */
+            {
+                if ( item_pos == n - snum[i] && sbytes[i] != -1 )
+                { /* we must shift part of the appended item */
+                    struct item_head * aux_ih;
+
+                    RFALSE( ih, "PAP-12210: ih must be 0");
+
+                    if ( is_direntry_le_ih (aux_ih = B_N_PITEM_HEAD(tbS0,item_pos))) {
+                        /* we append to directory item */
+
+                        int entry_count;
+                
+                        entry_count = ih_entry_count(aux_ih);
+
+                        if ( entry_count - sbytes[i] < pos_in_item  && pos_in_item <= entry_count ) {
+                            /* new directory entry falls into S_new[i] */
+                  
+                            RFALSE( ! tb->insert_size[0],
+                                    "PAP-12215: insert_size is already 0");
+                            RFALSE( sbytes[i] - 1 >= entry_count,
+                                    "PAP-12220: there are no so much entries (%d), only %d",
+                                    sbytes[i] - 1, entry_count);
+
+                            /* Shift snum[i]-1 items in whole. Shift sbytes[i] directory entries from directory item number snum[i] */
+                            leaf_move_items (LEAF_FROM_S_TO_SNEW, tb, snum[i], sbytes[i]-1, S_new[i]);
+                            /* Paste given directory entry to directory item */
+                            bi.tb = tb;
+                            bi.bi_bh = S_new[i];
+                            bi.bi_parent = NULL;
+                            bi.bi_position = 0;
+                            leaf_paste_in_buffer (&bi, 0, pos_in_item - entry_count + sbytes[i] - 1,
+                                                  tb->insert_size[0], body,zeros_num);
+                            /* paste new directory entry */
+                            leaf_paste_entries (
+                                bi.bi_bh, 0, pos_in_item - entry_count + sbytes[i] - 1,
+                                1, (struct reiserfs_de_head *)body, body + DEH_SIZE,
+                                tb->insert_size[0]
+                                );
+                            tb->insert_size[0] = 0;
+                            pos_in_item++;
+                        } else { /* new directory entry doesn't fall into S_new[i] */
+                            leaf_move_items (LEAF_FROM_S_TO_SNEW, tb, snum[i], sbytes[i], S_new[i]);
+                        }
+                    }
+                    else /* regular object */
+                    {
+                        int n_shift, n_rem, r_zeros_number;
+                        const char * r_body;
+
+                        RFALSE( pos_in_item != ih_item_len(B_N_PITEM_HEAD(tbS0,item_pos)) ||
+                                tb->insert_size[0] <= 0,
+                                "PAP-12225: item too short or insert_size <= 0");
+
+                        /* Calculate number of bytes which must be shifted from appended item */
+                        n_shift = sbytes[i] - tb->insert_size[0];
+                        if ( n_shift < 0 )
+                            n_shift = 0;
+                        leaf_move_items (LEAF_FROM_S_TO_SNEW, tb, snum[i], n_shift, S_new[i]);
+
+                        /* Calculate number of bytes which must remain in body after append to S_new[i] */
+                        n_rem = tb->insert_size[0] - sbytes[i];
+                        if ( n_rem < 0 )
+                            n_rem = 0;
+                        /* Append part of body into S_new[0] */
+                        bi.tb = tb;
+                        bi.bi_bh = S_new[i];
+                        bi.bi_parent = NULL;
+                        bi.bi_position = 0;
+
+                        if ( n_rem > zeros_num ) {
+                            r_zeros_number = 0;
+                            r_body = body + n_rem - zeros_num;
+                        }
+                        else {
+                            r_body = body;
+                            r_zeros_number = zeros_num - n_rem;
+                            zeros_num -= r_zeros_number;
+                        }
+
+                        leaf_paste_in_buffer(&bi, 0, n_shift, tb->insert_size[0]-n_rem, r_body,r_zeros_number);
+                        {
+                            struct item_head * tmp;
+
+                            tmp = B_N_PITEM_HEAD(S_new[i],0);
+                            if (is_indirect_le_ih (tmp)) {
+                                set_ih_free_space (tmp, 0);
+                                set_le_ih_k_offset( tmp, le_ih_k_offset(tmp) + 
+                                                    (n_rem << (tb->tb_sb->s_blocksize_bits - UNFM_P_SHIFT)));
+                            } else {
+                                set_le_ih_k_offset( tmp, le_ih_k_offset(tmp) + 
+                                                    n_rem );
+                            }
+                        }
+
+                        tb->insert_size[0] = n_rem;
+                        if ( ! n_rem )
+                            pos_in_item++;
+                    }
+                }
+                else
+                    /* item falls wholly into S_new[i] */
+                {
+                    int ret_val;
+                    struct item_head * pasted;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+                    struct item_head * ih = B_N_PITEM_HEAD(tbS0,item_pos);
+
+                    if ( ! is_direntry_le_ih(ih) && (pos_in_item != ih_item_len(ih) ||
+                                                     tb->insert_size[0] <= 0) )
+                        reiserfs_panic (tb->tb_sb, "PAP-12235: balance_leaf: pos_in_item must be equal to ih_item_len");
+#endif /* CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK */
+
+                    ret_val = leaf_move_items (LEAF_FROM_S_TO_SNEW, tb, snum[i], sbytes[i], S_new[i]);
+
+                    RFALSE( ret_val,
+                            "PAP-12240: unexpected value returned by leaf_move_items (%d)",
+                            ret_val);
+
+                    /* paste into item */
+                    bi.tb = tb;
+                    bi.bi_bh = S_new[i];
+                    bi.bi_parent = NULL;
+                    bi.bi_position = 0;
+                    leaf_paste_in_buffer(&bi, item_pos - n + snum[i], pos_in_item, tb->insert_size[0], body, zeros_num);
+
+                    pasted = B_N_PITEM_HEAD(S_new[i], item_pos - n + snum[i]);
+                    if (is_direntry_le_ih (pasted))
+                    {
+                        leaf_paste_entries (
+                            bi.bi_bh, item_pos - n + snum[i], pos_in_item, 1, 
+                            (struct reiserfs_de_head *)body, body + DEH_SIZE, tb->insert_size[0]
+                            );
+                    }
+
+                    /* if we paste to indirect item update ih_free_space */
+                    if (is_indirect_le_ih (pasted))
+                        set_ih_free_space (pasted, 0);
+                    zeros_num = tb->insert_size[0] = 0;
+                }
+            }
+
+            else /* pasted item doesn't fall into S_new[i] */
+            {
+                leaf_move_items (LEAF_FROM_S_TO_SNEW, tb, snum[i], sbytes[i], S_new[i]);
+            }
+            break;
+        default:    /* cases d and t */
+            reiserfs_panic (tb->tb_sb, "PAP-12245: balance_leaf: blknum > 2: unexpectable mode: %s(%d)",
+                            (flag == M_DELETE) ? "DELETE" : ((flag == M_CUT) ? "CUT" : "UNKNOWN"), flag);
+        }
+
+        memcpy (insert_key + i,B_N_PKEY(S_new[i],0),KEY_SIZE);
+        insert_ptr[i] = S_new[i];
+
+        RFALSE (!buffer_journaled (S_new [i]) || buffer_journal_dirty (S_new [i]) ||
+                buffer_dirty (S_new [i]),
+                "PAP-12247: S_new[%d] : (%b)", i, S_new[i]);
+    }
+
+    /* if the affected item was not wholly shifted then we perform all necessary operations on that part or whole of the
+       affected item which remains in S */
+    if ( 0 <= item_pos && item_pos < tb->s0num )
+    { /* if we must insert or append into buffer S[0] */
+
+        switch (flag)
+        {
+        case M_INSERT:   /* insert item into S[0] */
+            bi.tb = tb;
+            bi.bi_bh = tbS0;
+            bi.bi_parent = PATH_H_PPARENT (tb->tb_path, 0);
+            bi.bi_position = PATH_H_POSITION (tb->tb_path, 1);
+            leaf_insert_into_buf (&bi, item_pos, ih, body, zeros_num);
+
+            /* If we insert the first key change the delimiting key */
+            if( item_pos == 0 ) {
+                if (tb->CFL[0]) /* can be 0 in reiserfsck */
+                    replace_key(tb, tb->CFL[0], tb->lkey[0],tbS0,0);
+
+            }
+            break;
+
+        case M_PASTE: {  /* append item in S[0] */
+            struct item_head * pasted;
+
+            pasted = B_N_PITEM_HEAD (tbS0, item_pos);
+            /* when directory, may be new entry already pasted */
+            if (is_direntry_le_ih (pasted)) {
+                if ( pos_in_item >= 0 &&
+                    pos_in_item <= ih_entry_count(pasted) ) {
+
+                    RFALSE( ! tb->insert_size[0], 
+                            "PAP-12260: insert_size is 0 already");
+
+                    /* prepare space */
+                    bi.tb = tb;
+                    bi.bi_bh = tbS0;
+                    bi.bi_parent = PATH_H_PPARENT (tb->tb_path, 0);
+                    bi.bi_position = PATH_H_POSITION (tb->tb_path, 1);
+                    leaf_paste_in_buffer(&bi, item_pos, pos_in_item, tb->insert_size[0], body, zeros_num);
+
+                    /* paste entry */
+                    leaf_paste_entries (
+                        bi.bi_bh, item_pos, pos_in_item, 1, (struct reiserfs_de_head *)body,
+                        body + DEH_SIZE, tb->insert_size[0]
+                        );
+                    if ( ! item_pos && ! pos_in_item ) {
+                        RFALSE( !tb->CFL[0] || !tb->L[0], 
+                                "PAP-12270: CFL[0]/L[0] must be specified");
+                        if (tb->CFL[0]) {
+                            replace_key(tb, tb->CFL[0], tb->lkey[0],tbS0,0);
+
+                        }
+                    }
+                    tb->insert_size[0] = 0;
+                }
+            } else { /* regular object */
+                if ( pos_in_item == ih_item_len(pasted) ) {
+
+                    RFALSE( tb->insert_size[0] <= 0,
+                            "PAP-12275: insert size must not be %d",
+                            tb->insert_size[0]);
+                    bi.tb = tb;
+                    bi.bi_bh = tbS0;
+                    bi.bi_parent = PATH_H_PPARENT (tb->tb_path, 0);
+                    bi.bi_position = PATH_H_POSITION (tb->tb_path, 1);
+                    leaf_paste_in_buffer (&bi, item_pos, pos_in_item, tb->insert_size[0], body, zeros_num);
+
+                    if (is_indirect_le_ih (pasted)) {
+#if 0
+                        RFALSE( tb->insert_size[0] != UNFM_P_SIZE,
+                                "PAP-12280: insert_size for indirect item must be %d, not %d",
+                                UNFM_P_SIZE, tb->insert_size[0]);
+#endif
+                        set_ih_free_space (pasted, 0);
+                    }
+                    tb->insert_size[0] = 0;
+                }
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+                else {
+                    if ( tb->insert_size[0] ) {
+                        print_cur_tb ("12285");
+                        reiserfs_panic (tb->tb_sb, "PAP-12285: balance_leaf: insert_size must be 0 (%d)", tb->insert_size[0]);
+                    }
+                }
+#endif /* CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK */
+            
+            }
+        } /* case M_PASTE: */
+        }
+    }
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+    if ( flag == M_PASTE && tb->insert_size[0] ) {
+        print_cur_tb ("12290");
+        reiserfs_panic (tb->tb_sb, "PAP-12290: balance_leaf: insert_size is still not 0 (%d)", tb->insert_size[0]);
+    }
+#endif /* CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK */
+
+    return 0;
+} /* Leaf level of the tree is balanced (end of balance_leaf) */
+
+
+
+/* Make empty node */
+void make_empty_node (struct buffer_info * bi)
+{
+    struct block_head * blkh;
+
+    RFALSE( bi->bi_bh == NULL, "PAP-12295: pointer to the buffer is NULL");
+
+    blkh = B_BLK_HEAD(bi->bi_bh);
+    set_blkh_nr_item( blkh, 0 );
+    set_blkh_free_space( blkh, MAX_CHILD_SIZE(bi->bi_bh) );
+
+    if (bi->bi_parent)
+        B_N_CHILD (bi->bi_parent, bi->bi_position)->dc_size = 0; /* Endian safe if 0 */
+}
+
+
+/* Get first empty buffer */
+struct buffer_head * get_FEB (struct tree_balance * tb)
+{
+    int i;
+    struct buffer_head * first_b;
+    struct buffer_info bi;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < MAX_FEB_SIZE; i ++)
+        if (tb->FEB[i] != 0)
+            break;
+
+    if (i == MAX_FEB_SIZE)
+        reiserfs_panic(tb->tb_sb, "vs-12300: get_FEB: FEB list is empty");
+
+    bi.tb = tb;
+    bi.bi_bh = first_b = tb->FEB[i];
+    bi.bi_parent = NULL;
+    bi.bi_position = 0;
+    make_empty_node (&bi);
+    set_buffer_uptodate(first_b);
+    tb->FEB[i] = NULL;
+    tb->used[i] = first_b;
+
+    return(first_b);
+}
+
+
+/* This is now used because reiserfs_free_block has to be able to
+** schedule.
+*/
+static void store_thrown (struct tree_balance * tb, struct buffer_head * bh)
+{
+    int i;
+
+    if (buffer_dirty (bh))
+      reiserfs_warning (tb->tb_sb, "store_thrown deals with dirty buffer");
+    for (i = 0; i < sizeof (tb->thrown)/sizeof (tb->thrown[0]); i ++)
+        if (!tb->thrown[i]) {
+            tb->thrown[i] = bh;
+            get_bh(bh) ; /* free_thrown puts this */
+            return;
+        }
+    reiserfs_warning (tb->tb_sb, "store_thrown: too many thrown buffers");
+}
+
+static void free_thrown(struct tree_balance *tb) {
+    int i ;
+    b_blocknr_t blocknr ;
+    for (i = 0; i < sizeof (tb->thrown)/sizeof (tb->thrown[0]); i++) {
+        if (tb->thrown[i]) {
+            blocknr = tb->thrown[i]->b_blocknr ;
+            if (buffer_dirty (tb->thrown[i]))
+              reiserfs_warning (tb->tb_sb,
+                                "free_thrown deals with dirty buffer %d",
+                                blocknr);
+            brelse(tb->thrown[i]) ; /* incremented in store_thrown */
+            reiserfs_free_block (tb->transaction_handle, NULL, blocknr, 0);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void reiserfs_invalidate_buffer (struct tree_balance * tb, struct buffer_head * bh)
+{
+    struct block_head *blkh;
+    blkh = B_BLK_HEAD(bh);
+    set_blkh_level( blkh, FREE_LEVEL );
+    set_blkh_nr_item( blkh, 0 );
+    
+    clear_buffer_dirty(bh);
+    store_thrown (tb, bh);
+}
+
+/* Replace n_dest'th key in buffer dest by n_src'th key of buffer src.*/
+void replace_key (struct tree_balance * tb, struct buffer_head * dest, int n_dest,
+                  struct buffer_head * src, int n_src)
+{
+
+    RFALSE( dest == NULL || src == NULL,
+            "vs-12305: source or destination buffer is 0 (src=%p, dest=%p)",
+            src, dest);
+    RFALSE( ! B_IS_KEYS_LEVEL (dest),
+            "vs-12310: invalid level (%z) for destination buffer. dest must be leaf",
+            dest);
+    RFALSE( n_dest < 0 || n_src < 0,
+            "vs-12315: src(%d) or dest(%d) key number < 0", n_src, n_dest);
+    RFALSE( n_dest >= B_NR_ITEMS(dest) || n_src >= B_NR_ITEMS(src),
+            "vs-12320: src(%d(%d)) or dest(%d(%d)) key number is too big",
+            n_src, B_NR_ITEMS(src), n_dest, B_NR_ITEMS(dest));
+   
+    if (B_IS_ITEMS_LEVEL (src))
+        /* source buffer contains leaf node */
+        memcpy (B_N_PDELIM_KEY(dest,n_dest), B_N_PITEM_HEAD(src,n_src), KEY_SIZE);
+    else
+        memcpy (B_N_PDELIM_KEY(dest,n_dest), B_N_PDELIM_KEY(src,n_src), KEY_SIZE);
+
+    do_balance_mark_internal_dirty (tb, dest, 0);
+}
+
+
+int get_left_neighbor_position (
+                                struct tree_balance * tb, 
+                                int h
+                                )
+{
+  int Sh_position = PATH_H_POSITION (tb->tb_path, h + 1);
+
+  RFALSE( PATH_H_PPARENT (tb->tb_path, h) == 0 || tb->FL[h] == 0,
+          "vs-12325: FL[%d](%p) or F[%d](%p) does not exist", 
+          h, tb->FL[h], h, PATH_H_PPARENT (tb->tb_path, h));
+
+  if (Sh_position == 0)
+    return B_NR_ITEMS (tb->FL[h]);
+  else
+    return Sh_position - 1;
+}
+
+
+int get_right_neighbor_position (struct tree_balance * tb, int h)
+{
+  int Sh_position = PATH_H_POSITION (tb->tb_path, h + 1);
+
+  RFALSE( PATH_H_PPARENT (tb->tb_path, h) == 0 || tb->FR[h] == 0,
+          "vs-12330: F[%d](%p) or FR[%d](%p) does not exist", 
+          h, PATH_H_PPARENT (tb->tb_path, h), h, tb->FR[h]);
+
+  if (Sh_position == B_NR_ITEMS (PATH_H_PPARENT (tb->tb_path, h)))
+    return 0;
+  else
+    return Sh_position + 1;
+}
+
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+
+int is_reusable (struct super_block * s, b_blocknr_t block, int bit_value);
+static void check_internal_node (struct super_block * s, struct buffer_head * bh, char * mes)
+{
+  struct disk_child * dc;
+  int i;
+
+  RFALSE( !bh, "PAP-12336: bh == 0");
+
+  if (!bh || !B_IS_IN_TREE (bh))
+    return;
+ 
+  RFALSE( !buffer_dirty (bh) && 
+          !(buffer_journaled(bh) || buffer_journal_dirty(bh)),
+          "PAP-12337: buffer (%b) must be dirty", bh);
+  dc = B_N_CHILD (bh, 0);
+
+  for (i = 0; i <= B_NR_ITEMS (bh); i ++, dc ++) {
+    if (!is_reusable (s, dc_block_number(dc), 1) ) {
+      print_cur_tb (mes);
+      reiserfs_panic (s, "PAP-12338: check_internal_node: invalid child pointer %y in %b", dc, bh);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+
+static int locked_or_not_in_tree (struct buffer_head * bh, char * which)
+{
+  if ( (!buffer_journal_prepared (bh) && buffer_locked (bh)) ||
+        !B_IS_IN_TREE (bh) ) {
+    reiserfs_warning (NULL, "vs-12339: locked_or_not_in_tree: %s (%b)",
+                      which, bh);
+    return 1;
+  } 
+  return 0;
+}
+
+
+static int check_before_balancing (struct tree_balance * tb)
+{
+  int retval = 0;       
+
+  if ( cur_tb ) {
+    reiserfs_panic (tb->tb_sb, "vs-12335: check_before_balancing: "
+                    "suspect that schedule occurred based on cur_tb not being null at this point in code. "
+                    "do_balance cannot properly handle schedule occurring while it runs.");
+  }
+  
+  /* double check that buffers that we will modify are unlocked. (fix_nodes should already have
+     prepped all of these for us). */
+  if ( tb->lnum[0] ) {
+    retval |= locked_or_not_in_tree (tb->L[0], "L[0]");
+    retval |= locked_or_not_in_tree (tb->FL[0], "FL[0]");
+    retval |= locked_or_not_in_tree (tb->CFL[0], "CFL[0]");
+    check_leaf (tb->L[0]);
+  }
+  if ( tb->rnum[0] ) {
+    retval |= locked_or_not_in_tree (tb->R[0], "R[0]");
+    retval |= locked_or_not_in_tree (tb->FR[0], "FR[0]");
+    retval |= locked_or_not_in_tree (tb->CFR[0], "CFR[0]");
+    check_leaf (tb->R[0]);
+  }
+  retval |= locked_or_not_in_tree (PATH_PLAST_BUFFER (tb->tb_path), "S[0]");
+  check_leaf (PATH_PLAST_BUFFER (tb->tb_path));
+
+  return retval;
+}
+
+
+static void check_after_balance_leaf (struct tree_balance * tb)
+{
+    if (tb->lnum[0]) {
+        if (B_FREE_SPACE (tb->L[0]) != 
+            MAX_CHILD_SIZE (tb->L[0]) - dc_size(B_N_CHILD (tb->FL[0], get_left_neighbor_position (tb, 0)))) {
+            print_cur_tb ("12221");
+            reiserfs_panic (tb->tb_sb, "PAP-12355: check_after_balance_leaf: shift to left was incorrect");
+        }
+    }
+    if (tb->rnum[0]) {
+        if (B_FREE_SPACE (tb->R[0]) != 
+            MAX_CHILD_SIZE (tb->R[0]) - dc_size(B_N_CHILD (tb->FR[0], get_right_neighbor_position (tb, 0)))) {
+            print_cur_tb ("12222");
+            reiserfs_panic (tb->tb_sb, "PAP-12360: check_after_balance_leaf: shift to right was incorrect");
+        }
+    }
+    if (PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path,1) &&
+        (B_FREE_SPACE (PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path,0)) != 
+                    (MAX_CHILD_SIZE (PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path,0)) -
+                    dc_size(B_N_CHILD (PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path,1),
+                    PATH_H_POSITION (tb->tb_path, 1)))) )) {
+        int left = B_FREE_SPACE (PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path,0));
+        int right = (MAX_CHILD_SIZE (PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path,0)) -
+                    dc_size(B_N_CHILD (PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path,1),
+                        PATH_H_POSITION (tb->tb_path, 1))));
+        print_cur_tb ("12223");
+        reiserfs_warning (tb->tb_sb,
+            "B_FREE_SPACE (PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path,0)) = %d; "
+            "MAX_CHILD_SIZE (%d) - dc_size( %y, %d ) [%d] = %d",
+            left,
+            MAX_CHILD_SIZE (PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path,0)),
+            PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path,1),
+            PATH_H_POSITION (tb->tb_path, 1),
+            dc_size(B_N_CHILD (PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path,1), PATH_H_POSITION (tb->tb_path, 1 )) ),
+            right );
+        reiserfs_panic (tb->tb_sb, "PAP-12365: check_after_balance_leaf: S is incorrect");
+    }
+}
+
+
+static void check_leaf_level (struct tree_balance * tb)
+{
+  check_leaf (tb->L[0]);
+  check_leaf (tb->R[0]);
+  check_leaf (PATH_PLAST_BUFFER (tb->tb_path));
+}
+
+static void check_internal_levels (struct tree_balance * tb)
+{
+  int h;
+
+  /* check all internal nodes */
+  for (h = 1; tb->insert_size[h]; h ++) {
+    check_internal_node (tb->tb_sb, PATH_H_PBUFFER (tb->tb_path, h), "BAD BUFFER ON PATH");
+    if (tb->lnum[h])
+      check_internal_node (tb->tb_sb, tb->L[h], "BAD L");
+    if (tb->rnum[h])
+      check_internal_node (tb->tb_sb, tb->R[h], "BAD R");
+  }
+
+}
+
+#endif
+
+
+
+
+
+
+/* Now we have all of the buffers that must be used in balancing of
+   the tree.  We rely on the assumption that schedule() will not occur
+   while do_balance works. ( Only interrupt handlers are acceptable.)
+   We balance the tree according to the analysis made before this,
+   using buffers already obtained.  For SMP support it will someday be
+   necessary to add ordered locking of tb. */
+
+/* Some interesting rules of balancing:
+
+   we delete a maximum of two nodes per level per balancing: we never
+   delete R, when we delete two of three nodes L, S, R then we move
+   them into R.
+
+   we only delete L if we are deleting two nodes, if we delete only
+   one node we delete S
+
+   if we shift leaves then we shift as much as we can: this is a
+   deliberate policy of extremism in node packing which results in
+   higher average utilization after repeated random balance operations
+   at the cost of more memory copies and more balancing as a result of
+   small insertions to full nodes.
+
+   if we shift internal nodes we try to evenly balance the node
+   utilization, with consequent less balancing at the cost of lower
+   utilization.
+
+   one could argue that the policy for directories in leaves should be
+   that of internal nodes, but we will wait until another day to
+   evaluate this....  It would be nice to someday measure and prove
+   these assumptions as to what is optimal....
+
+*/
+
+static inline void do_balance_starts (struct tree_balance *tb)
+{
+    /* use print_cur_tb() to see initial state of struct
+       tree_balance */
+
+    /* store_print_tb (tb); */
+
+    /* do not delete, just comment it out */
+/*    print_tb(flag, PATH_LAST_POSITION(tb->tb_path), tb->tb_path->pos_in_item, tb, 
+             "check");*/
+    RFALSE( check_before_balancing (tb), "PAP-12340: locked buffers in TB");
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+    cur_tb = tb;
+#endif
+}
+
+
+static inline void do_balance_completed (struct tree_balance * tb)
+{
+    
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+    check_leaf_level (tb);
+    check_internal_levels (tb);
+    cur_tb = NULL;
+#endif
+
+    /* reiserfs_free_block is no longer schedule safe.  So, we need to
+    ** put the buffers we want freed on the thrown list during do_balance,
+    ** and then free them now
+    */
+
+    REISERFS_SB(tb->tb_sb)->s_do_balance ++;
+
+
+    /* release all nodes hold to perform the balancing */
+    unfix_nodes(tb);
+
+    free_thrown(tb) ;
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+void do_balance (struct tree_balance * tb, /* tree_balance structure */
+                 struct item_head * ih,    /* item header of inserted item */
+                 const char * body,  /* body  of inserted item or bytes to paste */
+                 int flag)  /* i - insert, d - delete
+                               c - cut, p - paste
+                                                      
+                               Cut means delete part of an item
+                               (includes removing an entry from a
+                               directory).
+                                                      
+                               Delete means delete whole item.
+                                                      
+                               Insert means add a new item into the
+                               tree.
+                                                                                                      
+                               Paste means to append to the end of an
+                               existing file or to insert a directory
+                               entry.  */
+{
+    int child_pos, /* position of a child node in its parent */
+        h;         /* level of the tree being processed */
+    struct item_head insert_key[2]; /* in our processing of one level
+                                       we sometimes determine what
+                                       must be inserted into the next
+                                       higher level.  This insertion
+                                       consists of a key or two keys
+                                       and their corresponding
+                                       pointers */
+    struct buffer_head *insert_ptr[2]; /* inserted node-ptrs for the next
+                                          level */
+
+    tb->tb_mode = flag;
+    tb->need_balance_dirty = 0;
+
+    if (FILESYSTEM_CHANGED_TB(tb)) {
+        reiserfs_panic(tb->tb_sb, "clm-6000: do_balance, fs generation has changed\n") ;
+    }
+    /* if we have no real work to do  */
+    if ( ! tb->insert_size[0] ) {
+        reiserfs_warning (tb->tb_sb,
+                          "PAP-12350: do_balance: insert_size == 0, mode == %c",
+                          flag);
+        unfix_nodes(tb);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    atomic_inc (&(fs_generation (tb->tb_sb)));
+    do_balance_starts (tb);
+    
+        /* balance leaf returns 0 except if combining L R and S into
+           one node.  see balance_internal() for explanation of this
+           line of code.*/
+        child_pos = PATH_H_B_ITEM_ORDER (tb->tb_path, 0) +
+          balance_leaf (tb, ih, body, flag, insert_key, insert_ptr);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+    check_after_balance_leaf (tb);
+#endif
+
+    /* Balance internal level of the tree. */
+    for ( h = 1; h < MAX_HEIGHT && tb->insert_size[h]; h++ )
+        child_pos = balance_internal (tb, h, child_pos, insert_key, insert_ptr);
+
+
+    do_balance_completed (tb);
+
+}
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/file.c b/fs/reiserfs/file.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..26950113af8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/file.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1408 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, licensing governed by reiserfs/README
+ */
+
+
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_fs.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_acl.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_xattr.h>
+#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
+#include <asm/uaccess.h>
+#include <linux/pagemap.h>
+#include <linux/swap.h>
+#include <linux/writeback.h>
+#include <linux/blkdev.h>
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+#include <linux/quotaops.h>
+
+/*
+** We pack the tails of files on file close, not at the time they are written.
+** This implies an unnecessary copy of the tail and an unnecessary indirect item
+** insertion/balancing, for files that are written in one write.
+** It avoids unnecessary tail packings (balances) for files that are written in
+** multiple writes and are small enough to have tails.
+** 
+** file_release is called by the VFS layer when the file is closed.  If
+** this is the last open file descriptor, and the file
+** small enough to have a tail, and the tail is currently in an
+** unformatted node, the tail is converted back into a direct item.
+** 
+** We use reiserfs_truncate_file to pack the tail, since it already has
+** all the conditions coded.  
+*/
+static int reiserfs_file_release (struct inode * inode, struct file * filp)
+{
+
+    struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th ;
+    int err;
+    int jbegin_failure = 0;
+
+    if (!S_ISREG (inode->i_mode))
+        BUG ();
+
+    /* fast out for when nothing needs to be done */
+    if ((atomic_read(&inode->i_count) > 1 ||
+        !(REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags & i_pack_on_close_mask) || 
+         !tail_has_to_be_packed(inode))       && 
+        REISERFS_I(inode)->i_prealloc_count <= 0) {
+        return 0;
+    }    
+    
+    reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+    down (&inode->i_sem); 
+    /* freeing preallocation only involves relogging blocks that
+     * are already in the current transaction.  preallocation gets
+     * freed at the end of each transaction, so it is impossible for
+     * us to log any additional blocks (including quota blocks)
+     */
+    err = journal_begin(&th, inode->i_sb, 1);
+    if (err) {
+        /* uh oh, we can't allow the inode to go away while there
+         * is still preallocation blocks pending.  Try to join the
+         * aborted transaction
+         */
+        jbegin_failure = err;
+        err = journal_join_abort(&th, inode->i_sb, 1);
+
+        if (err) {
+            /* hmpf, our choices here aren't good.  We can pin the inode
+             * which will disallow unmount from every happening, we can
+             * do nothing, which will corrupt random memory on unmount,
+             * or we can forcibly remove the file from the preallocation
+             * list, which will leak blocks on disk.  Lets pin the inode
+             * and let the admin know what is going on.
+             */
+            igrab(inode);
+            reiserfs_warning(inode->i_sb, "pinning inode %lu because the "
+                             "preallocation can't be freed");
+            goto out;
+        }
+    }
+    reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode) ;
+
+#ifdef REISERFS_PREALLOCATE
+    reiserfs_discard_prealloc (&th, inode);
+#endif
+    err = journal_end(&th, inode->i_sb, 1);
+
+    /* copy back the error code from journal_begin */
+    if (!err)
+        err = jbegin_failure;
+
+    if (!err && atomic_read(&inode->i_count) <= 1 &&
+        (REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags & i_pack_on_close_mask) &&
+        tail_has_to_be_packed (inode)) {
+        /* if regular file is released by last holder and it has been
+           appended (we append by unformatted node only) or its direct
+           item(s) had to be converted, then it may have to be
+           indirect2direct converted */
+        err = reiserfs_truncate_file(inode, 0) ;
+    }
+out:
+    up (&inode->i_sem); 
+    reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+    return err;
+}
+
+static void reiserfs_vfs_truncate_file(struct inode *inode) {
+    reiserfs_truncate_file(inode, 1) ;
+}
+
+/* Sync a reiserfs file. */
+
+/*
+ * FIXME: sync_mapping_buffers() never has anything to sync.  Can
+ * be removed...
+ */
+
+static int reiserfs_sync_file(
+                              struct file   * p_s_filp,
+                              struct dentry * p_s_dentry,
+                              int datasync
+                              ) {
+  struct inode * p_s_inode = p_s_dentry->d_inode;
+  int n_err;
+  int barrier_done;
+
+  if (!S_ISREG(p_s_inode->i_mode))
+      BUG ();
+  n_err = sync_mapping_buffers(p_s_inode->i_mapping) ;
+  reiserfs_write_lock(p_s_inode->i_sb);
+  barrier_done = reiserfs_commit_for_inode(p_s_inode);
+  reiserfs_write_unlock(p_s_inode->i_sb);
+  if (barrier_done != 1)
+      blkdev_issue_flush(p_s_inode->i_sb->s_bdev, NULL);
+  if (barrier_done < 0)
+    return barrier_done;
+  return ( n_err < 0 ) ? -EIO : 0;
+}
+
+/* I really do not want to play with memory shortage right now, so
+   to simplify the code, we are not going to write more than this much pages at
+   a time. This still should considerably improve performance compared to 4k
+   at a time case. This is 32 pages of 4k size. */
+#define REISERFS_WRITE_PAGES_AT_A_TIME (128 * 1024) / PAGE_CACHE_SIZE
+
+/* Allocates blocks for a file to fulfil write request.
+   Maps all unmapped but prepared pages from the list.
+   Updates metadata with newly allocated blocknumbers as needed */
+static int reiserfs_allocate_blocks_for_region(
+                                struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                                struct inode *inode, /* Inode we work with */
+                                loff_t pos, /* Writing position */
+                                int num_pages, /* number of pages write going
+                                                  to touch */
+                                int write_bytes, /* amount of bytes to write */
+                                struct page **prepared_pages, /* array of
+                                                                 prepared pages
+                                                               */
+                                int blocks_to_allocate /* Amount of blocks we
+                                                          need to allocate to
+                                                          fit the data into file
+                                                         */
+                                )
+{
+    struct cpu_key key; // cpu key of item that we are going to deal with
+    struct item_head *ih; // pointer to item head that we are going to deal with
+    struct buffer_head *bh; // Buffer head that contains items that we are going to deal with
+    __u32 * item; // pointer to item we are going to deal with
+    INITIALIZE_PATH(path); // path to item, that we are going to deal with.
+    b_blocknr_t *allocated_blocks; // Pointer to a place where allocated blocknumbers would be stored.
+    reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t hint; // hint structure for block allocator.
+    size_t res; // return value of various functions that we call.
+    int curr_block; // current block used to keep track of unmapped blocks.
+    int i; // loop counter
+    int itempos; // position in item
+    unsigned int from = (pos & (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - 1)); // writing position in
+                                                       // first page
+    unsigned int to = ((pos + write_bytes - 1) & (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - 1)) + 1; /* last modified byte offset in last page */
+    __u64 hole_size ; // amount of blocks for a file hole, if it needed to be created.
+    int modifying_this_item = 0; // Flag for items traversal code to keep track
+                                 // of the fact that we already prepared
+                                 // current block for journal
+    int will_prealloc = 0;
+    RFALSE(!blocks_to_allocate, "green-9004: tried to allocate zero blocks?");
+
+    /* only preallocate if this is a small write */
+    if (REISERFS_I(inode)->i_prealloc_count ||
+       (!(write_bytes & (inode->i_sb->s_blocksize -1)) &&
+        blocks_to_allocate <
+        REISERFS_SB(inode->i_sb)->s_alloc_options.preallocsize))
+        will_prealloc = REISERFS_SB(inode->i_sb)->s_alloc_options.preallocsize;
+
+    allocated_blocks = kmalloc((blocks_to_allocate + will_prealloc) *
+                                        sizeof(b_blocknr_t), GFP_NOFS);
+
+    /* First we compose a key to point at the writing position, we want to do
+       that outside of any locking region. */
+    make_cpu_key (&key, inode, pos+1, TYPE_ANY, 3/*key length*/);
+
+    /* If we came here, it means we absolutely need to open a transaction,
+       since we need to allocate some blocks */
+    reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb); // Journaling stuff and we need that.
+    res = journal_begin(th, inode->i_sb, JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 3 + 1 + 2 * REISERFS_QUOTA_TRANS_BLOCKS); // Wish I know if this number enough
+    if (res)
+        goto error_exit;
+    reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode) ;
+
+    /* Look for the in-tree position of our write, need path for block allocator */
+    res = search_for_position_by_key(inode->i_sb, &key, &path);
+    if ( res == IO_ERROR ) {
+        res = -EIO;
+        goto error_exit;
+    }
+   
+    /* Allocate blocks */
+    /* First fill in "hint" structure for block allocator */
+    hint.th = th; // transaction handle.
+    hint.path = &path; // Path, so that block allocator can determine packing locality or whatever it needs to determine.
+    hint.inode = inode; // Inode is needed by block allocator too.
+    hint.search_start = 0; // We have no hint on where to search free blocks for block allocator.
+    hint.key = key.on_disk_key; // on disk key of file.
+    hint.block = inode->i_blocks>>(inode->i_sb->s_blocksize_bits-9); // Number of disk blocks this file occupies already.
+    hint.formatted_node = 0; // We are allocating blocks for unformatted node.
+    hint.preallocate = will_prealloc;
+
+    /* Call block allocator to allocate blocks */
+    res = reiserfs_allocate_blocknrs(&hint, allocated_blocks, blocks_to_allocate, blocks_to_allocate);
+    if ( res != CARRY_ON ) {
+        if ( res == NO_DISK_SPACE ) {
+            /* We flush the transaction in case of no space. This way some
+               blocks might become free */
+            SB_JOURNAL(inode->i_sb)->j_must_wait = 1;
+            res = restart_transaction(th, inode, &path);
+            if (res)
+                goto error_exit;
+
+            /* We might have scheduled, so search again */
+            res = search_for_position_by_key(inode->i_sb, &key, &path);
+            if ( res == IO_ERROR ) {
+                res = -EIO;
+                goto error_exit;
+            }
+
+            /* update changed info for hint structure. */
+            res = reiserfs_allocate_blocknrs(&hint, allocated_blocks, blocks_to_allocate, blocks_to_allocate);
+            if ( res != CARRY_ON ) {
+                res = -ENOSPC; 
+                pathrelse(&path);
+                goto error_exit;
+            }
+        } else {
+            res = -ENOSPC;
+            pathrelse(&path);
+            goto error_exit;
+        }
+    }
+
+#ifdef __BIG_ENDIAN
+        // Too bad, I have not found any way to convert a given region from
+        // cpu format to little endian format
+    {
+        int i;
+        for ( i = 0; i < blocks_to_allocate ; i++)
+            allocated_blocks[i]=cpu_to_le32(allocated_blocks[i]);
+    }
+#endif
+
+    /* Blocks allocating well might have scheduled and tree might have changed,
+       let's search the tree again */
+    /* find where in the tree our write should go */
+    res = search_for_position_by_key(inode->i_sb, &key, &path);
+    if ( res == IO_ERROR ) {
+        res = -EIO;
+        goto error_exit_free_blocks;
+    }
+
+    bh = get_last_bh( &path ); // Get a bufferhead for last element in path.
+    ih = get_ih( &path );      // Get a pointer to last item head in path.
+    item = get_item( &path );  // Get a pointer to last item in path
+
+    /* Let's see what we have found */
+    if ( res != POSITION_FOUND ) { /* position not found, this means that we
+                                      might need to append file with holes
+                                      first */
+        // Since we are writing past the file's end, we need to find out if
+        // there is a hole that needs to be inserted before our writing
+        // position, and how many blocks it is going to cover (we need to
+        //  populate pointers to file blocks representing the hole with zeros)
+
+        {
+            int item_offset = 1;
+            /*
+             * if ih is stat data, its offset is 0 and we don't want to
+             * add 1 to pos in the hole_size calculation
+             */
+            if (is_statdata_le_ih(ih))
+                item_offset = 0;
+            hole_size = (pos + item_offset -
+                    (le_key_k_offset( get_inode_item_key_version(inode),
+                    &(ih->ih_key)) +
+                    op_bytes_number(ih, inode->i_sb->s_blocksize))) >>
+                    inode->i_sb->s_blocksize_bits;
+        }
+
+        if ( hole_size > 0 ) {
+            int to_paste = min_t(__u64, hole_size, MAX_ITEM_LEN(inode->i_sb->s_blocksize)/UNFM_P_SIZE ); // How much data to insert first time.
+            /* area filled with zeroes, to supply as list of zero blocknumbers
+               We allocate it outside of loop just in case loop would spin for
+               several iterations. */
+            char *zeros = kmalloc(to_paste*UNFM_P_SIZE, GFP_ATOMIC); // We cannot insert more than MAX_ITEM_LEN bytes anyway.
+            if ( !zeros ) {
+                res = -ENOMEM;
+                goto error_exit_free_blocks;
+            }
+            memset ( zeros, 0, to_paste*UNFM_P_SIZE);
+            do {
+                to_paste = min_t(__u64, hole_size, MAX_ITEM_LEN(inode->i_sb->s_blocksize)/UNFM_P_SIZE );
+                if ( is_indirect_le_ih(ih) ) {
+                    /* Ok, there is existing indirect item already. Need to append it */
+                    /* Calculate position past inserted item */
+                    make_cpu_key( &key, inode, le_key_k_offset( get_inode_item_key_version(inode), &(ih->ih_key)) + op_bytes_number(ih, inode->i_sb->s_blocksize), TYPE_INDIRECT, 3);
+                    res = reiserfs_paste_into_item( th, &path, &key, inode, (char *)zeros, UNFM_P_SIZE*to_paste);
+                    if ( res ) {
+                        kfree(zeros);
+                        goto error_exit_free_blocks;
+                    }
+                } else if ( is_statdata_le_ih(ih) ) {
+                    /* No existing item, create it */
+                    /* item head for new item */
+                    struct item_head ins_ih;
+
+                    /* create a key for our new item */
+                    make_cpu_key( &key, inode, 1, TYPE_INDIRECT, 3);
+
+                    /* Create new item head for our new item */
+                    make_le_item_head (&ins_ih, &key, key.version, 1,
+                                       TYPE_INDIRECT, to_paste*UNFM_P_SIZE,
+                                       0 /* free space */);
+
+                    /* Find where such item should live in the tree */
+                    res = search_item (inode->i_sb, &key, &path);
+                    if ( res != ITEM_NOT_FOUND ) {
+                        /* item should not exist, otherwise we have error */
+                        if ( res != -ENOSPC ) {
+                            reiserfs_warning (inode->i_sb,
+                                "green-9008: search_by_key (%K) returned %d",
+                                              &key, res);
+                        }
+                        res = -EIO;
+                        kfree(zeros);
+                        goto error_exit_free_blocks;
+                    }
+                    res = reiserfs_insert_item( th, &path, &key, &ins_ih, inode, (char *)zeros);
+                } else {
+                    reiserfs_panic(inode->i_sb, "green-9011: Unexpected key type %K\n", &key);
+                }
+                if ( res ) {
+                    kfree(zeros);
+                    goto error_exit_free_blocks;
+                }
+                /* Now we want to check if transaction is too full, and if it is
+                   we restart it. This will also free the path. */
+                if (journal_transaction_should_end(th, th->t_blocks_allocated)) {
+                    res = restart_transaction(th, inode, &path);
+                    if (res) {
+                        pathrelse (&path);
+                        kfree(zeros);
+                        goto error_exit;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                /* Well, need to recalculate path and stuff */
+                set_cpu_key_k_offset( &key, cpu_key_k_offset(&key) + (to_paste << inode->i_blkbits));
+                res = search_for_position_by_key(inode->i_sb, &key, &path);
+                if ( res == IO_ERROR ) {
+                    res = -EIO;
+                    kfree(zeros);
+                    goto error_exit_free_blocks;
+                }
+                bh=get_last_bh(&path);
+                ih=get_ih(&path);
+                item = get_item(&path);
+                hole_size -= to_paste;
+            } while ( hole_size );
+            kfree(zeros);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Go through existing indirect items first
+    // replace all zeroes with blocknumbers from list
+    // Note that if no corresponding item was found, by previous search,
+    // it means there are no existing in-tree representation for file area
+    // we are going to overwrite, so there is nothing to scan through for holes.
+    for ( curr_block = 0, itempos = path.pos_in_item ; curr_block < blocks_to_allocate && res == POSITION_FOUND ; ) {
+retry:
+
+        if ( itempos >= ih_item_len(ih)/UNFM_P_SIZE ) {
+            /* We run out of data in this indirect item, let's look for another
+               one. */
+            /* First if we are already modifying current item, log it */
+            if ( modifying_this_item ) {
+                journal_mark_dirty (th, inode->i_sb, bh);
+                modifying_this_item = 0;
+            }
+            /* Then set the key to look for a new indirect item (offset of old
+               item is added to old item length */
+            set_cpu_key_k_offset( &key, le_key_k_offset( get_inode_item_key_version(inode), &(ih->ih_key)) + op_bytes_number(ih, inode->i_sb->s_blocksize));
+            /* Search ofor position of new key in the tree. */
+            res = search_for_position_by_key(inode->i_sb, &key, &path);
+            if ( res == IO_ERROR) {
+                res = -EIO;
+                goto error_exit_free_blocks;
+            }
+            bh=get_last_bh(&path);
+            ih=get_ih(&path);
+            item = get_item(&path);
+            itempos = path.pos_in_item;
+            continue; // loop to check all kinds of conditions and so on.
+        }
+        /* Ok, we have correct position in item now, so let's see if it is
+           representing file hole (blocknumber is zero) and fill it if needed */
+        if ( !item[itempos] ) {
+            /* Ok, a hole. Now we need to check if we already prepared this
+               block to be journaled */
+            while ( !modifying_this_item ) { // loop until succeed
+                /* Well, this item is not journaled yet, so we must prepare
+                   it for journal first, before we can change it */
+                struct item_head tmp_ih; // We copy item head of found item,
+                                         // here to detect if fs changed under
+                                         // us while we were preparing for
+                                         // journal.
+                int fs_gen; // We store fs generation here to find if someone
+                            // changes fs under our feet
+
+                copy_item_head (&tmp_ih, ih); // Remember itemhead
+                fs_gen = get_generation (inode->i_sb); // remember fs generation
+                reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(inode->i_sb, bh, 1); // Prepare a buffer within which indirect item is stored for changing.
+                if (fs_changed (fs_gen, inode->i_sb) && item_moved (&tmp_ih, &path)) {
+                    // Sigh, fs was changed under us, we need to look for new
+                    // location of item we are working with
+
+                    /* unmark prepaerd area as journaled and search for it's
+                       new position */
+                    reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(inode->i_sb, bh);
+                    res = search_for_position_by_key(inode->i_sb, &key, &path);
+                    if ( res == IO_ERROR) {
+                        res = -EIO;
+                        goto error_exit_free_blocks;
+                    }
+                    bh=get_last_bh(&path);
+                    ih=get_ih(&path);
+                    item = get_item(&path);
+                    itempos = path.pos_in_item;
+                    goto retry;
+                }
+                modifying_this_item = 1;
+            }
+            item[itempos] = allocated_blocks[curr_block]; // Assign new block
+            curr_block++;
+        }
+        itempos++;
+    }
+
+    if ( modifying_this_item ) { // We need to log last-accessed block, if it
+                                 // was modified, but not logged yet.
+        journal_mark_dirty (th, inode->i_sb, bh);
+    }
+
+    if ( curr_block < blocks_to_allocate ) {
+        // Oh, well need to append to indirect item, or to create indirect item
+        // if there weren't any
+        if ( is_indirect_le_ih(ih) ) {
+            // Existing indirect item - append. First calculate key for append
+            // position. We do not need to recalculate path as it should
+            // already point to correct place.
+            make_cpu_key( &key, inode, le_key_k_offset( get_inode_item_key_version(inode), &(ih->ih_key)) + op_bytes_number(ih, inode->i_sb->s_blocksize), TYPE_INDIRECT, 3);
+            res = reiserfs_paste_into_item( th, &path, &key, inode, (char *)(allocated_blocks+curr_block), UNFM_P_SIZE*(blocks_to_allocate-curr_block));
+            if ( res ) {
+                goto error_exit_free_blocks;
+            }
+        } else if (is_statdata_le_ih(ih) ) {
+            // Last found item was statdata. That means we need to create indirect item.
+            struct item_head ins_ih; /* itemhead for new item */
+
+            /* create a key for our new item */
+            make_cpu_key( &key, inode, 1, TYPE_INDIRECT, 3); // Position one,
+                                                            // because that's
+                                                            // where first
+                                                            // indirect item
+                                                            // begins
+            /* Create new item head for our new item */
+            make_le_item_head (&ins_ih, &key, key.version, 1, TYPE_INDIRECT,
+                               (blocks_to_allocate-curr_block)*UNFM_P_SIZE,
+                               0 /* free space */);
+            /* Find where such item should live in the tree */
+            res = search_item (inode->i_sb, &key, &path);
+            if ( res != ITEM_NOT_FOUND ) {
+                /* Well, if we have found such item already, or some error
+                   occured, we need to warn user and return error */
+                if ( res != -ENOSPC ) {
+                    reiserfs_warning (inode->i_sb,
+                                      "green-9009: search_by_key (%K) "
+                                      "returned %d", &key, res);
+                }
+                res = -EIO;
+                goto error_exit_free_blocks;
+            }
+            /* Insert item into the tree with the data as its body */
+            res = reiserfs_insert_item( th, &path, &key, &ins_ih, inode, (char *)(allocated_blocks+curr_block));
+        } else {
+            reiserfs_panic(inode->i_sb, "green-9010: unexpected item type for key %K\n",&key);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // the caller is responsible for closing the transaction
+    // unless we return an error, they are also responsible for logging
+    // the inode.
+    //
+    pathrelse(&path);
+    /*
+     * cleanup prellocation from previous writes
+     * if this is a partial block write
+     */
+    if (write_bytes & (inode->i_sb->s_blocksize -1))
+        reiserfs_discard_prealloc(th, inode);
+    reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+
+    // go through all the pages/buffers and map the buffers to newly allocated
+    // blocks (so that system knows where to write these pages later).
+    curr_block = 0;
+    for ( i = 0; i < num_pages ; i++ ) {
+        struct page *page=prepared_pages[i]; //current page
+        struct buffer_head *head = page_buffers(page);// first buffer for a page
+        int block_start, block_end; // in-page offsets for buffers.
+
+        if (!page_buffers(page))
+            reiserfs_panic(inode->i_sb, "green-9005: No buffers for prepared page???");
+
+        /* For each buffer in page */
+        for(bh = head, block_start = 0; bh != head || !block_start;
+            block_start=block_end, bh = bh->b_this_page) {
+            if (!bh)
+                reiserfs_panic(inode->i_sb, "green-9006: Allocated but absent buffer for a page?");
+            block_end = block_start+inode->i_sb->s_blocksize;
+            if (i == 0 && block_end <= from )
+                /* if this buffer is before requested data to map, skip it */
+                continue;
+            if (i == num_pages - 1 && block_start >= to)
+                /* If this buffer is after requested data to map, abort
+                   processing of current page */
+                break;
+
+            if ( !buffer_mapped(bh) ) { // Ok, unmapped buffer, need to map it
+                map_bh( bh, inode->i_sb, le32_to_cpu(allocated_blocks[curr_block]));
+                curr_block++;
+                set_buffer_new(bh);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    RFALSE( curr_block > blocks_to_allocate, "green-9007: Used too many blocks? weird");
+
+    kfree(allocated_blocks);
+    return 0;
+
+// Need to deal with transaction here.
+error_exit_free_blocks:
+    pathrelse(&path);
+    // free blocks
+    for( i = 0; i < blocks_to_allocate; i++ )
+        reiserfs_free_block(th, inode, le32_to_cpu(allocated_blocks[i]), 1);
+
+error_exit:
+    if (th->t_trans_id) {
+        int err;
+        // update any changes we made to blk count
+        reiserfs_update_sd(th, inode);
+        err = journal_end(th, inode->i_sb, JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 3 + 1 + 2 * REISERFS_QUOTA_TRANS_BLOCKS);
+        if (err)
+            res = err;
+    }
+    reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+    kfree(allocated_blocks);
+
+    return res;
+}
+
+/* Unlock pages prepared by reiserfs_prepare_file_region_for_write */
+static void reiserfs_unprepare_pages(struct page **prepared_pages, /* list of locked pages */
+                              size_t num_pages /* amount of pages */) {
+    int i; // loop counter
+
+    for (i=0; i < num_pages ; i++) {
+        struct page *page = prepared_pages[i];
+
+        try_to_free_buffers(page);
+        unlock_page(page);
+        page_cache_release(page);
+    }
+}
+
+/* This function will copy data from userspace to specified pages within
+   supplied byte range */
+static int reiserfs_copy_from_user_to_file_region(
+                                loff_t pos, /* In-file position */
+                                int num_pages, /* Number of pages affected */
+                                int write_bytes, /* Amount of bytes to write */
+                                struct page **prepared_pages, /* pointer to 
+                                                                 array to
+                                                                 prepared pages
+                                                                */
+                                const char __user *buf /* Pointer to user-supplied
+                                                   data*/
+                                )
+{
+    long page_fault=0; // status of copy_from_user.
+    int i; // loop counter.
+    int offset; // offset in page
+
+    for ( i = 0, offset = (pos & (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE-1)); i < num_pages ; i++,offset=0) {
+        size_t count = min_t(size_t,PAGE_CACHE_SIZE-offset,write_bytes); // How much of bytes to write to this page
+        struct page *page=prepared_pages[i]; // Current page we process.
+
+        fault_in_pages_readable( buf, count);
+
+        /* Copy data from userspace to the current page */
+        kmap(page);
+        page_fault = __copy_from_user(page_address(page)+offset, buf, count); // Copy the data.
+        /* Flush processor's dcache for this page */
+        flush_dcache_page(page);
+        kunmap(page);
+        buf+=count;
+        write_bytes-=count;
+
+        if (page_fault)
+            break; // Was there a fault? abort.
+    }
+
+    return page_fault?-EFAULT:0;
+}
+
+/* taken fs/buffer.c:__block_commit_write */
+int reiserfs_commit_page(struct inode *inode, struct page *page,
+                unsigned from, unsigned to)
+{
+    unsigned block_start, block_end;
+    int partial = 0;
+    unsigned blocksize;
+    struct buffer_head *bh, *head;
+    unsigned long i_size_index = inode->i_size >> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT;
+    int new;
+    int logit = reiserfs_file_data_log(inode);
+    struct super_block *s = inode->i_sb;
+    int bh_per_page = PAGE_CACHE_SIZE / s->s_blocksize;
+    struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+    int ret = 0;
+
+    th.t_trans_id = 0;
+    blocksize = 1 << inode->i_blkbits;
+
+    if (logit) {
+        reiserfs_write_lock(s);
+        ret = journal_begin(&th, s, bh_per_page + 1);
+        if (ret)
+            goto drop_write_lock;
+        reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode);
+    }
+    for(bh = head = page_buffers(page), block_start = 0;
+        bh != head || !block_start;
+        block_start=block_end, bh = bh->b_this_page)
+    {
+
+        new = buffer_new(bh);
+        clear_buffer_new(bh);
+        block_end = block_start + blocksize;
+        if (block_end <= from || block_start >= to) {
+            if (!buffer_uptodate(bh))
+                    partial = 1;
+        } else {
+            set_buffer_uptodate(bh);
+            if (logit) {
+                reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(s, bh, 1);
+                journal_mark_dirty(&th, s, bh);
+            } else if (!buffer_dirty(bh)) {
+                mark_buffer_dirty(bh);
+                /* do data=ordered on any page past the end
+                 * of file and any buffer marked BH_New.
+                 */
+                if (reiserfs_data_ordered(inode->i_sb) &&
+                    (new || page->index >= i_size_index)) {
+                    reiserfs_add_ordered_list(inode, bh);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if (logit) {
+        ret = journal_end(&th, s, bh_per_page + 1);
+drop_write_lock:
+        reiserfs_write_unlock(s);
+    }
+    /*
+     * If this is a partial write which happened to make all buffers
+     * uptodate then we can optimize away a bogus readpage() for
+     * the next read(). Here we 'discover' whether the page went
+     * uptodate as a result of this (potentially partial) write.
+     */
+    if (!partial)
+        SetPageUptodate(page);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+
+/* Submit pages for write. This was separated from actual file copying
+   because we might want to allocate block numbers in-between.
+   This function assumes that caller will adjust file size to correct value. */
+static int reiserfs_submit_file_region_for_write(
+                                struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                                struct inode *inode,
+                                loff_t pos, /* Writing position offset */
+                                size_t num_pages, /* Number of pages to write */
+                                size_t write_bytes, /* number of bytes to write */
+                                struct page **prepared_pages /* list of pages */
+                                )
+{
+    int status; // return status of block_commit_write.
+    int retval = 0; // Return value we are going to return.
+    int i; // loop counter
+    int offset; // Writing offset in page.
+    int orig_write_bytes = write_bytes;
+    int sd_update = 0;
+
+    for ( i = 0, offset = (pos & (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE-1)); i < num_pages ; i++,offset=0) {
+        int count = min_t(int,PAGE_CACHE_SIZE-offset,write_bytes); // How much of bytes to write to this page
+        struct page *page=prepared_pages[i]; // Current page we process.
+
+        status = reiserfs_commit_page(inode, page, offset, offset+count);
+        if ( status )
+            retval = status; // To not overcomplicate matters We are going to
+                             // submit all the pages even if there was error.
+                             // we only remember error status to report it on
+                             // exit.
+        write_bytes-=count;
+    }
+    /* now that we've gotten all the ordered buffers marked dirty,
+     * we can safely update i_size and close any running transaction
+     */
+    if ( pos + orig_write_bytes > inode->i_size) {
+        inode->i_size = pos + orig_write_bytes; // Set new size
+        /* If the file have grown so much that tail packing is no
+         * longer possible, reset "need to pack" flag */
+        if ( (have_large_tails (inode->i_sb) &&
+              inode->i_size > i_block_size (inode)*4) ||
+             (have_small_tails (inode->i_sb) &&
+             inode->i_size > i_block_size(inode)) )
+            REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags &= ~i_pack_on_close_mask ;
+        else if ( (have_large_tails (inode->i_sb) &&
+                  inode->i_size < i_block_size (inode)*4) ||
+                  (have_small_tails (inode->i_sb) &&
+                  inode->i_size < i_block_size(inode)) )
+            REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags |= i_pack_on_close_mask ;
+
+        if (th->t_trans_id) {
+            reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+            reiserfs_update_sd(th, inode); // And update on-disk metadata
+            reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+        } else
+            inode->i_sb->s_op->dirty_inode(inode);
+
+        sd_update = 1;
+    }
+    if (th->t_trans_id) {
+        reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+        if (!sd_update)
+            reiserfs_update_sd(th, inode);
+        status = journal_end(th, th->t_super, th->t_blocks_allocated);
+        if (status)
+            retval = status;
+        reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+    }
+    th->t_trans_id = 0;
+
+    /* 
+     * we have to unlock the pages after updating i_size, otherwise
+     * we race with writepage
+     */
+    for ( i = 0; i < num_pages ; i++) {
+        struct page *page=prepared_pages[i];
+        unlock_page(page); 
+        mark_page_accessed(page);
+        page_cache_release(page);
+    }
+    return retval;
+}
+
+/* Look if passed writing region is going to touch file's tail
+   (if it is present). And if it is, convert the tail to unformatted node */
+static int reiserfs_check_for_tail_and_convert( struct inode *inode, /* inode to deal with */
+                                         loff_t pos, /* Writing position */
+                                         int write_bytes /* amount of bytes to write */
+                                        )
+{
+    INITIALIZE_PATH(path); // needed for search_for_position
+    struct cpu_key key; // Key that would represent last touched writing byte.
+    struct item_head *ih; // item header of found block;
+    int res; // Return value of various functions we call.
+    int cont_expand_offset; // We will put offset for generic_cont_expand here
+                            // This can be int just because tails are created
+                            // only for small files.
+ 
+/* this embodies a dependency on a particular tail policy */
+    if ( inode->i_size >= inode->i_sb->s_blocksize*4 ) {
+        /* such a big files do not have tails, so we won't bother ourselves
+           to look for tails, simply return */
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+    /* find the item containing the last byte to be written, or if
+     * writing past the end of the file then the last item of the
+     * file (and then we check its type). */
+    make_cpu_key (&key, inode, pos+write_bytes+1, TYPE_ANY, 3/*key length*/);
+    res = search_for_position_by_key(inode->i_sb, &key, &path);
+    if ( res == IO_ERROR ) {
+        reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+        return -EIO;
+    }
+    ih = get_ih(&path);
+    res = 0;
+    if ( is_direct_le_ih(ih) ) {
+        /* Ok, closest item is file tail (tails are stored in "direct"
+         * items), so we need to unpack it. */
+        /* To not overcomplicate matters, we just call generic_cont_expand
+           which will in turn call other stuff and finally will boil down to
+            reiserfs_get_block() that would do necessary conversion. */
+        cont_expand_offset = le_key_k_offset(get_inode_item_key_version(inode), &(ih->ih_key));
+        pathrelse(&path);
+        res = generic_cont_expand( inode, cont_expand_offset);
+    } else
+        pathrelse(&path);
+
+    reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+    return res;
+}
+
+/* This function locks pages starting from @pos for @inode.
+   @num_pages pages are locked and stored in
+   @prepared_pages array. Also buffers are allocated for these pages.
+   First and last page of the region is read if it is overwritten only
+   partially. If last page did not exist before write (file hole or file
+   append), it is zeroed, then. 
+   Returns number of unallocated blocks that should be allocated to cover
+   new file data.*/
+static int reiserfs_prepare_file_region_for_write(
+                                struct inode *inode /* Inode of the file */,
+                                loff_t pos, /* position in the file */
+                                size_t num_pages, /* number of pages to
+                                                  prepare */
+                                size_t write_bytes, /* Amount of bytes to be
+                                                    overwritten from
+                                                    @pos */
+                                struct page **prepared_pages /* pointer to array
+                                                               where to store
+                                                               prepared pages */
+                                           )
+{
+    int res=0; // Return values of different functions we call.
+    unsigned long index = pos >> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT; // Offset in file in pages.
+    int from = (pos & (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - 1)); // Writing offset in first page
+    int to = ((pos + write_bytes - 1) & (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - 1)) + 1;
+                                         /* offset of last modified byte in last
+                                            page */
+    struct address_space *mapping = inode->i_mapping; // Pages are mapped here.
+    int i; // Simple counter
+    int blocks = 0; /* Return value (blocks that should be allocated) */
+    struct buffer_head *bh, *head; // Current bufferhead and first bufferhead
+                                   // of a page.
+    unsigned block_start, block_end; // Starting and ending offsets of current
+                                     // buffer in the page.
+    struct buffer_head *wait[2], **wait_bh=wait; // Buffers for page, if
+                                                 // Page appeared to be not up
+                                                 // to date. Note how we have
+                                                 // at most 2 buffers, this is
+                                                 // because we at most may
+                                                 // partially overwrite two
+                                                 // buffers for one page. One at                                                 // the beginning of write area
+                                                 // and one at the end.
+                                                 // Everything inthe middle gets                                                 // overwritten totally.
+
+    struct cpu_key key; // cpu key of item that we are going to deal with
+    struct item_head *ih = NULL; // pointer to item head that we are going to deal with
+    struct buffer_head *itembuf=NULL; // Buffer head that contains items that we are going to deal with
+    INITIALIZE_PATH(path); // path to item, that we are going to deal with.
+    __u32 * item=NULL; // pointer to item we are going to deal with
+    int item_pos=-1; /* Position in indirect item */
+
+
+    if ( num_pages < 1 ) {
+        reiserfs_warning (inode->i_sb,
+                          "green-9001: reiserfs_prepare_file_region_for_write "
+                          "called with zero number of pages to process");
+        return -EFAULT;
+    }
+
+    /* We have 2 loops for pages. In first loop we grab and lock the pages, so
+       that nobody would touch these until we release the pages. Then
+       we'd start to deal with mapping buffers to blocks. */
+    for ( i = 0; i < num_pages; i++) {
+        prepared_pages[i] = grab_cache_page(mapping, index + i); // locks the page
+        if ( !prepared_pages[i]) {
+            res = -ENOMEM;
+            goto failed_page_grabbing;
+        }
+        if (!page_has_buffers(prepared_pages[i]))
+            create_empty_buffers(prepared_pages[i], inode->i_sb->s_blocksize, 0);
+    }
+
+    /* Let's count amount of blocks for a case where all the blocks
+       overwritten are new (we will substract already allocated blocks later)*/
+    if ( num_pages > 2 )
+        /* These are full-overwritten pages so we count all the blocks in
+           these pages are counted as needed to be allocated */
+        blocks = (num_pages - 2) << (PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT - inode->i_blkbits);
+
+    /* count blocks needed for first page (possibly partially written) */
+    blocks += ((PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - from) >> inode->i_blkbits) +
+           !!(from & (inode->i_sb->s_blocksize-1)); /* roundup */
+
+    /* Now we account for last page. If last page == first page (we
+       overwrite only one page), we substract all the blocks past the
+       last writing position in a page out of already calculated number
+       of blocks */
+    blocks += ((num_pages > 1) << (PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT-inode->i_blkbits)) -
+           ((PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - to) >> inode->i_blkbits);
+           /* Note how we do not roundup here since partial blocks still
+                   should be allocated */
+
+    /* Now if all the write area lies past the file end, no point in
+       maping blocks, since there is none, so we just zero out remaining
+       parts of first and last pages in write area (if needed) */
+    if ( (pos & ~((loff_t)PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - 1)) > inode->i_size ) {
+        if ( from != 0 ) {/* First page needs to be partially zeroed */
+            char *kaddr = kmap_atomic(prepared_pages[0], KM_USER0);
+            memset(kaddr, 0, from);
+            kunmap_atomic( kaddr, KM_USER0);
+        }
+        if ( to != PAGE_CACHE_SIZE ) { /* Last page needs to be partially zeroed */
+            char *kaddr = kmap_atomic(prepared_pages[num_pages-1], KM_USER0);
+            memset(kaddr+to, 0, PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - to);
+            kunmap_atomic( kaddr, KM_USER0);
+        }
+
+        /* Since all blocks are new - use already calculated value */
+        return blocks;
+    }
+
+    /* Well, since we write somewhere into the middle of a file, there is
+       possibility we are writing over some already allocated blocks, so
+       let's map these blocks and substract number of such blocks out of blocks
+       we need to allocate (calculated above) */
+    /* Mask write position to start on blocksize, we do it out of the
+       loop for performance reasons */
+    pos &= ~((loff_t) inode->i_sb->s_blocksize - 1);
+    /* Set cpu key to the starting position in a file (on left block boundary)*/
+    make_cpu_key (&key, inode, 1 + ((pos) & ~((loff_t) inode->i_sb->s_blocksize - 1)), TYPE_ANY, 3/*key length*/);
+
+    reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb); // We need that for at least search_by_key()
+    for ( i = 0; i < num_pages ; i++ ) { 
+
+        head = page_buffers(prepared_pages[i]);
+        /* For each buffer in the page */
+        for(bh = head, block_start = 0; bh != head || !block_start;
+            block_start=block_end, bh = bh->b_this_page) {
+                if (!bh)
+                    reiserfs_panic(inode->i_sb, "green-9002: Allocated but absent buffer for a page?");
+                /* Find where this buffer ends */
+                block_end = block_start+inode->i_sb->s_blocksize;
+                if (i == 0 && block_end <= from )
+                    /* if this buffer is before requested data to map, skip it*/
+                    continue;
+
+                if (i == num_pages - 1 && block_start >= to) {
+                    /* If this buffer is after requested data to map, abort
+                       processing of current page */
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                if ( buffer_mapped(bh) && bh->b_blocknr !=0 ) {
+                    /* This is optimisation for a case where buffer is mapped
+                       and have blocknumber assigned. In case significant amount
+                       of such buffers are present, we may avoid some amount
+                       of search_by_key calls.
+                       Probably it would be possible to move parts of this code
+                       out of BKL, but I afraid that would overcomplicate code
+                       without any noticeable benefit.
+                    */
+                    item_pos++;
+                    /* Update the key */
+                    set_cpu_key_k_offset( &key, cpu_key_k_offset(&key) + inode->i_sb->s_blocksize);
+                    blocks--; // Decrease the amount of blocks that need to be
+                              // allocated
+                    continue; // Go to the next buffer
+                }
+
+                if ( !itembuf || /* if first iteration */
+                     item_pos >= ih_item_len(ih)/UNFM_P_SIZE)
+                                             { /* or if we progressed past the
+                                                  current unformatted_item */
+                        /* Try to find next item */
+                        res = search_for_position_by_key(inode->i_sb, &key, &path);
+                        /* Abort if no more items */
+                        if ( res != POSITION_FOUND ) {
+                            /* make sure later loops don't use this item */
+                            itembuf = NULL;
+                            item = NULL;
+                            break;
+                        }
+
+                        /* Update information about current indirect item */
+                        itembuf = get_last_bh( &path );
+                        ih = get_ih( &path );
+                        item = get_item( &path );
+                        item_pos = path.pos_in_item;
+
+                        RFALSE( !is_indirect_le_ih (ih), "green-9003: indirect item expected");
+                }
+
+                /* See if there is some block associated with the file
+                   at that position, map the buffer to this block */
+                if ( get_block_num(item,item_pos) ) {
+                    map_bh(bh, inode->i_sb, get_block_num(item,item_pos));
+                    blocks--; // Decrease the amount of blocks that need to be
+                              // allocated
+                }
+                item_pos++;
+                /* Update the key */
+                set_cpu_key_k_offset( &key, cpu_key_k_offset(&key) + inode->i_sb->s_blocksize);
+        }
+    }
+    pathrelse(&path); // Free the path
+    reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+
+        /* Now zero out unmappend buffers for the first and last pages of
+           write area or issue read requests if page is mapped. */
+        /* First page, see if it is not uptodate */
+        if ( !PageUptodate(prepared_pages[0]) ) {
+            head = page_buffers(prepared_pages[0]);
+
+            /* For each buffer in page */
+            for(bh = head, block_start = 0; bh != head || !block_start;
+                block_start=block_end, bh = bh->b_this_page) {
+
+                if (!bh)
+                    reiserfs_panic(inode->i_sb, "green-9002: Allocated but absent buffer for a page?");
+                /* Find where this buffer ends */
+                block_end = block_start+inode->i_sb->s_blocksize;
+                if ( block_end <= from )
+                    /* if this buffer is before requested data to map, skip it*/
+                    continue;
+                if ( block_start < from ) { /* Aha, our partial buffer */
+                    if ( buffer_mapped(bh) ) { /* If it is mapped, we need to
+                                                  issue READ request for it to
+                                                  not loose data */
+                        ll_rw_block(READ, 1, &bh);
+                        *wait_bh++=bh;
+                    } else { /* Not mapped, zero it */
+                        char *kaddr = kmap_atomic(prepared_pages[0], KM_USER0);
+                        memset(kaddr+block_start, 0, from-block_start);
+                        kunmap_atomic( kaddr, KM_USER0);
+                        set_buffer_uptodate(bh);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* Last page, see if it is not uptodate, or if the last page is past the end of the file. */
+        if ( !PageUptodate(prepared_pages[num_pages-1]) || 
+            ((pos+write_bytes)>>PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT) > (inode->i_size>>PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT) ) {
+            head = page_buffers(prepared_pages[num_pages-1]);
+
+            /* for each buffer in page */
+            for(bh = head, block_start = 0; bh != head || !block_start;
+                block_start=block_end, bh = bh->b_this_page) {
+
+                if (!bh)
+                    reiserfs_panic(inode->i_sb, "green-9002: Allocated but absent buffer for a page?");
+                /* Find where this buffer ends */
+                block_end = block_start+inode->i_sb->s_blocksize;
+                if ( block_start >= to )
+                    /* if this buffer is after requested data to map, skip it*/
+                    break;
+                if ( block_end > to ) { /* Aha, our partial buffer */
+                    if ( buffer_mapped(bh) ) { /* If it is mapped, we need to
+                                                  issue READ request for it to
+                                                  not loose data */
+                        ll_rw_block(READ, 1, &bh);
+                        *wait_bh++=bh;
+                    } else { /* Not mapped, zero it */
+                        char *kaddr = kmap_atomic(prepared_pages[num_pages-1], KM_USER0);
+                        memset(kaddr+to, 0, block_end-to);
+                        kunmap_atomic( kaddr, KM_USER0);
+                        set_buffer_uptodate(bh);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+    /* Wait for read requests we made to happen, if necessary */
+    while(wait_bh > wait) {
+        wait_on_buffer(*--wait_bh);
+        if (!buffer_uptodate(*wait_bh)) {
+            res = -EIO;
+            goto failed_read;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return blocks;
+failed_page_grabbing:
+    num_pages = i;
+failed_read:
+    reiserfs_unprepare_pages(prepared_pages, num_pages);
+    return res;
+}
+
+/* Write @count bytes at position @ppos in a file indicated by @file
+   from the buffer @buf.  
+
+   generic_file_write() is only appropriate for filesystems that are not seeking to optimize performance and want
+   something simple that works.  It is not for serious use by general purpose filesystems, excepting the one that it was
+   written for (ext2/3).  This is for several reasons:
+
+   * It has no understanding of any filesystem specific optimizations.
+
+   * It enters the filesystem repeatedly for each page that is written.
+
+   * It depends on reiserfs_get_block() function which if implemented by reiserfs performs costly search_by_key
+   * operation for each page it is supplied with. By contrast reiserfs_file_write() feeds as much as possible at a time
+   * to reiserfs which allows for fewer tree traversals.
+
+   * Each indirect pointer insertion takes a lot of cpu, because it involves memory moves inside of blocks.
+
+   * Asking the block allocation code for blocks one at a time is slightly less efficient.
+
+   All of these reasons for not using only generic file write were understood back when reiserfs was first miscoded to
+   use it, but we were in a hurry to make code freeze, and so it couldn't be revised then.  This new code should make
+   things right finally.
+
+   Future Features: providing search_by_key with hints.
+
+*/
+static ssize_t reiserfs_file_write( struct file *file, /* the file we are going to write into */
+                             const char __user *buf, /*  pointer to user supplied data
+(in userspace) */
+                             size_t count, /* amount of bytes to write */
+                             loff_t *ppos /* pointer to position in file that we start writing at. Should be updated to
+                                           * new current position before returning. */ )
+{
+    size_t already_written = 0; // Number of bytes already written to the file.
+    loff_t pos; // Current position in the file.
+    ssize_t res; // return value of various functions that we call.
+    int err = 0;
+    struct inode *inode = file->f_dentry->d_inode; // Inode of the file that we are writing to.
+                                /* To simplify coding at this time, we store
+                                   locked pages in array for now */
+    struct page * prepared_pages[REISERFS_WRITE_PAGES_AT_A_TIME];
+    struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+    th.t_trans_id = 0;
+
+    if ( file->f_flags & O_DIRECT) { // Direct IO needs treatment
+        ssize_t result, after_file_end = 0;
+        if ( (*ppos + count >= inode->i_size) || (file->f_flags & O_APPEND) ) {
+            /* If we are appending a file, we need to put this savelink in here.
+               If we will crash while doing direct io, finish_unfinished will
+               cut the garbage from the file end. */
+            reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+            err = journal_begin(&th, inode->i_sb,  JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT );
+            if (err) {
+                reiserfs_write_unlock (inode->i_sb);
+                return err;
+            }
+            reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode);
+            add_save_link (&th, inode, 1 /* Truncate */);
+            after_file_end = 1;
+            err = journal_end(&th, inode->i_sb, JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT );
+            reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+            if (err)
+                return err;
+        }
+        result = generic_file_write(file, buf, count, ppos);
+
+        if ( after_file_end ) { /* Now update i_size and remove the savelink */
+            struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+            reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+            err = journal_begin(&th, inode->i_sb, 1);
+            if (err) {
+                reiserfs_write_unlock (inode->i_sb);
+                return err;
+            }
+            reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode);
+            reiserfs_update_sd(&th, inode);
+            err = journal_end(&th, inode->i_sb, 1);
+            if (err) {
+                reiserfs_write_unlock (inode->i_sb);
+                return err;
+            }
+            err = remove_save_link (inode, 1/* truncate */);
+            reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+            if (err)
+                return err;
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    if ( unlikely((ssize_t) count < 0 ))
+        return -EINVAL;
+
+    if (unlikely(!access_ok(VERIFY_READ, buf, count)))
+        return -EFAULT;
+
+    down(&inode->i_sem); // locks the entire file for just us
+
+    pos = *ppos;
+
+    /* Check if we can write to specified region of file, file
+       is not overly big and this kind of stuff. Adjust pos and
+       count, if needed */
+    res = generic_write_checks(file, &pos, &count, 0);
+    if (res)
+        goto out;
+
+    if ( count == 0 )
+        goto out;
+
+    res = remove_suid(file->f_dentry);
+    if (res)
+        goto out;
+
+    inode_update_time(inode, 1); /* Both mtime and ctime */
+
+    // Ok, we are done with all the checks.
+
+    // Now we should start real work
+
+    /* If we are going to write past the file's packed tail or if we are going
+       to overwrite part of the tail, we need that tail to be converted into
+       unformatted node */
+    res = reiserfs_check_for_tail_and_convert( inode, pos, count);
+    if (res)
+        goto out;
+
+    while ( count > 0) {
+        /* This is the main loop in which we running until some error occures
+           or until we write all of the data. */
+        size_t num_pages;/* amount of pages we are going to write this iteration */
+        size_t write_bytes; /* amount of bytes to write during this iteration */
+        size_t blocks_to_allocate; /* how much blocks we need to allocate for this iteration */
+        
+        /*  (pos & (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE-1)) is an idiom for offset into a page of pos*/
+        num_pages = !!((pos+count) & (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - 1)) + /* round up partial
+                                                          pages */
+                    ((count + (pos & (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE-1))) >> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT); 
+                                                /* convert size to amount of
+                                                   pages */
+        reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+        if ( num_pages > REISERFS_WRITE_PAGES_AT_A_TIME 
+                || num_pages > reiserfs_can_fit_pages(inode->i_sb) ) {
+            /* If we were asked to write more data than we want to or if there
+               is not that much space, then we shorten amount of data to write
+               for this iteration. */
+            num_pages = min_t(size_t, REISERFS_WRITE_PAGES_AT_A_TIME, reiserfs_can_fit_pages(inode->i_sb));
+            /* Also we should not forget to set size in bytes accordingly */
+            write_bytes = (num_pages << PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT) - 
+                            (pos & (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE-1));
+                                         /* If position is not on the
+                                            start of the page, we need
+                                            to substract the offset
+                                            within page */
+        } else
+            write_bytes = count;
+
+        /* reserve the blocks to be allocated later, so that later on
+           we still have the space to write the blocks to */
+        reiserfs_claim_blocks_to_be_allocated(inode->i_sb, num_pages << (PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT - inode->i_blkbits));
+        reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+
+        if ( !num_pages ) { /* If we do not have enough space even for */
+            res = -ENOSPC;  /* single page, return -ENOSPC */
+            if ( pos > (inode->i_size & (inode->i_sb->s_blocksize-1)))
+                break; // In case we are writing past the file end, break.
+            // Otherwise we are possibly overwriting the file, so
+            // let's set write size to be equal or less than blocksize.
+            // This way we get it correctly for file holes.
+            // But overwriting files on absolutelly full volumes would not
+            // be very efficient. Well, people are not supposed to fill
+            // 100% of disk space anyway.
+            write_bytes = min_t(size_t, count, inode->i_sb->s_blocksize - (pos & (inode->i_sb->s_blocksize - 1)));
+            num_pages = 1;
+            // No blocks were claimed before, so do it now.
+            reiserfs_claim_blocks_to_be_allocated(inode->i_sb, 1 << (PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT - inode->i_blkbits));
+        }
+
+        /* Prepare for writing into the region, read in all the
+           partially overwritten pages, if needed. And lock the pages,
+           so that nobody else can access these until we are done.
+           We get number of actual blocks needed as a result.*/
+        blocks_to_allocate = reiserfs_prepare_file_region_for_write(inode, pos, num_pages, write_bytes, prepared_pages);
+        if ( blocks_to_allocate < 0 ) {
+            res = blocks_to_allocate;
+            reiserfs_release_claimed_blocks(inode->i_sb, num_pages << (PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT - inode->i_blkbits));
+            break;
+        }
+
+        /* First we correct our estimate of how many blocks we need */
+        reiserfs_release_claimed_blocks(inode->i_sb, (num_pages << (PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT - inode->i_sb->s_blocksize_bits)) - blocks_to_allocate );
+
+        if ( blocks_to_allocate > 0) {/*We only allocate blocks if we need to*/
+            /* Fill in all the possible holes and append the file if needed */
+            res = reiserfs_allocate_blocks_for_region(&th, inode, pos, num_pages, write_bytes, prepared_pages, blocks_to_allocate);
+        }
+
+        /* well, we have allocated the blocks, so it is time to free
+           the reservation we made earlier. */
+        reiserfs_release_claimed_blocks(inode->i_sb, blocks_to_allocate);
+        if ( res ) {
+            reiserfs_unprepare_pages(prepared_pages, num_pages);
+            break;
+        }
+
+/* NOTE that allocating blocks and filling blocks can be done in reverse order
+   and probably we would do that just to get rid of garbage in files after a
+   crash */
+
+        /* Copy data from user-supplied buffer to file's pages */
+        res = reiserfs_copy_from_user_to_file_region(pos, num_pages, write_bytes, prepared_pages, buf);
+        if ( res ) {
+            reiserfs_unprepare_pages(prepared_pages, num_pages);
+            break;
+        }
+
+        /* Send the pages to disk and unlock them. */
+        res = reiserfs_submit_file_region_for_write(&th, inode, pos, num_pages,
+                                                    write_bytes,prepared_pages);
+        if ( res )
+            break;
+
+        already_written += write_bytes;
+        buf += write_bytes;
+        *ppos = pos += write_bytes;
+        count -= write_bytes;
+        balance_dirty_pages_ratelimited(inode->i_mapping);
+    }
+
+    /* this is only true on error */
+    if (th.t_trans_id) {
+        reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+        err = journal_end(&th, th.t_super, th.t_blocks_allocated);
+        reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+        if (err) {
+            res = err;
+            goto out;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if ((file->f_flags & O_SYNC) || IS_SYNC(inode))
+        res = generic_osync_inode(inode, file->f_mapping, OSYNC_METADATA|OSYNC_DATA);
+
+    up(&inode->i_sem);
+    reiserfs_async_progress_wait(inode->i_sb);
+    return (already_written != 0)?already_written:res;
+
+out:
+    up(&inode->i_sem); // unlock the file on exit.
+    return res;
+}
+
+static ssize_t reiserfs_aio_write(struct kiocb *iocb, const char __user *buf,
+                               size_t count, loff_t pos)
+{
+    return generic_file_aio_write(iocb, buf, count, pos);
+}
+
+
+
+struct file_operations reiserfs_file_operations = {
+    .read       = generic_file_read,
+    .write      = reiserfs_file_write,
+    .ioctl      = reiserfs_ioctl,
+    .mmap       = generic_file_mmap,
+    .release    = reiserfs_file_release,
+    .fsync      = reiserfs_sync_file,
+    .sendfile   = generic_file_sendfile,
+    .aio_read   = generic_file_aio_read,
+    .aio_write  = reiserfs_aio_write,
+};
+
+
+struct  inode_operations reiserfs_file_inode_operations = {
+    .truncate   = reiserfs_vfs_truncate_file,
+    .setattr    = reiserfs_setattr,
+    .setxattr   = reiserfs_setxattr,
+    .getxattr   = reiserfs_getxattr,
+    .listxattr  = reiserfs_listxattr,
+    .removexattr = reiserfs_removexattr,
+    .permission = reiserfs_permission,
+};
+
+
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/fix_node.c b/fs/reiserfs/fix_node.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e4f64be9e15b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/fix_node.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2518 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, licensing governed by reiserfs/README
+ */
+
+/**
+ ** old_item_num
+ ** old_entry_num
+ ** set_entry_sizes
+ ** create_virtual_node
+ ** check_left
+ ** check_right
+ ** directory_part_size
+ ** get_num_ver
+ ** set_parameters
+ ** is_leaf_removable
+ ** are_leaves_removable
+ ** get_empty_nodes
+ ** get_lfree
+ ** get_rfree
+ ** is_left_neighbor_in_cache
+ ** decrement_key
+ ** get_far_parent
+ ** get_parents
+ ** can_node_be_removed
+ ** ip_check_balance
+ ** dc_check_balance_internal
+ ** dc_check_balance_leaf
+ ** dc_check_balance
+ ** check_balance
+ ** get_direct_parent
+ ** get_neighbors
+ ** fix_nodes
+ ** 
+ ** 
+ **/
+
+
+#include <linux/config.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_fs.h>
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+
+
+/* To make any changes in the tree we find a node, that contains item
+   to be changed/deleted or position in the node we insert a new item
+   to. We call this node S. To do balancing we need to decide what we
+   will shift to left/right neighbor, or to a new node, where new item
+   will be etc. To make this analysis simpler we build virtual
+   node. Virtual node is an array of items, that will replace items of
+   node S. (For instance if we are going to delete an item, virtual
+   node does not contain it). Virtual node keeps information about
+   item sizes and types, mergeability of first and last items, sizes
+   of all entries in directory item. We use this array of items when
+   calculating what we can shift to neighbors and how many nodes we
+   have to have if we do not any shiftings, if we shift to left/right
+   neighbor or to both. */
+
+
+/* taking item number in virtual node, returns number of item, that it has in source buffer */
+static inline int old_item_num (int new_num, int affected_item_num, int mode)
+{
+  if (mode == M_PASTE || mode == M_CUT || new_num < affected_item_num)
+    return new_num;
+
+  if (mode == M_INSERT) {
+
+    RFALSE( new_num == 0, 
+            "vs-8005: for INSERT mode and item number of inserted item");
+
+    return new_num - 1;
+  }
+
+  RFALSE( mode != M_DELETE,
+          "vs-8010: old_item_num: mode must be M_DELETE (mode = \'%c\'", mode);
+  /* delete mode */
+  return new_num + 1;
+}
+
+static void create_virtual_node (struct tree_balance * tb, int h)
+{
+    struct item_head * ih;
+    struct virtual_node * vn = tb->tb_vn;
+    int new_num;
+    struct buffer_head * Sh;    /* this comes from tb->S[h] */
+
+    Sh = PATH_H_PBUFFER (tb->tb_path, h);
+
+    /* size of changed node */
+    vn->vn_size = MAX_CHILD_SIZE (Sh) - B_FREE_SPACE (Sh) + tb->insert_size[h];
+
+    /* for internal nodes array if virtual items is not created */
+    if (h) {
+        vn->vn_nr_item = (vn->vn_size - DC_SIZE) / (DC_SIZE + KEY_SIZE);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    /* number of items in virtual node  */
+    vn->vn_nr_item = B_NR_ITEMS (Sh) + ((vn->vn_mode == M_INSERT)? 1 : 0) - ((vn->vn_mode == M_DELETE)? 1 : 0);
+
+    /* first virtual item */
+    vn->vn_vi = (struct virtual_item *)(tb->tb_vn + 1);
+    memset (vn->vn_vi, 0, vn->vn_nr_item * sizeof (struct virtual_item));
+    vn->vn_free_ptr += vn->vn_nr_item * sizeof (struct virtual_item);
+
+
+    /* first item in the node */
+    ih = B_N_PITEM_HEAD (Sh, 0);
+
+    /* define the mergeability for 0-th item (if it is not being deleted) */
+    if (op_is_left_mergeable (&(ih->ih_key), Sh->b_size) && (vn->vn_mode != M_DELETE || vn->vn_affected_item_num))
+            vn->vn_vi[0].vi_type |= VI_TYPE_LEFT_MERGEABLE;
+
+    /* go through all items those remain in the virtual node (except for the new (inserted) one) */
+    for (new_num = 0; new_num < vn->vn_nr_item; new_num ++) {
+        int j;
+        struct virtual_item * vi = vn->vn_vi + new_num;
+        int is_affected = ((new_num != vn->vn_affected_item_num) ? 0 : 1);
+    
+
+        if (is_affected && vn->vn_mode == M_INSERT)
+            continue;
+    
+        /* get item number in source node */
+        j = old_item_num (new_num, vn->vn_affected_item_num, vn->vn_mode);
+    
+        vi->vi_item_len += ih_item_len(ih + j) + IH_SIZE;
+        vi->vi_ih = ih + j;
+        vi->vi_item = B_I_PITEM (Sh, ih + j);
+        vi->vi_uarea = vn->vn_free_ptr;
+
+        // FIXME: there is no check, that item operation did not
+        // consume too much memory
+        vn->vn_free_ptr += op_create_vi (vn, vi, is_affected, tb->insert_size [0]);
+        if (tb->vn_buf + tb->vn_buf_size < vn->vn_free_ptr)
+            reiserfs_panic (tb->tb_sb, "vs-8030: create_virtual_node: "
+                            "virtual node space consumed");
+
+        if (!is_affected)
+            /* this is not being changed */
+            continue;
+    
+        if (vn->vn_mode == M_PASTE || vn->vn_mode == M_CUT) {
+            vn->vn_vi[new_num].vi_item_len += tb->insert_size[0];
+            vi->vi_new_data = vn->vn_data; // pointer to data which is going to be pasted
+        }
+    }
+
+  
+    /* virtual inserted item is not defined yet */
+    if (vn->vn_mode == M_INSERT) {
+        struct virtual_item * vi = vn->vn_vi + vn->vn_affected_item_num;
+      
+        RFALSE( vn->vn_ins_ih == 0,
+                "vs-8040: item header of inserted item is not specified");
+        vi->vi_item_len = tb->insert_size[0];
+        vi->vi_ih = vn->vn_ins_ih;
+        vi->vi_item = vn->vn_data;
+        vi->vi_uarea = vn->vn_free_ptr;
+        
+        op_create_vi (vn, vi, 0/*not pasted or cut*/, tb->insert_size [0]);
+    }
+  
+    /* set right merge flag we take right delimiting key and check whether it is a mergeable item */
+    if (tb->CFR[0]) {
+        struct reiserfs_key * key;
+
+        key = B_N_PDELIM_KEY (tb->CFR[0], tb->rkey[0]);
+        if (op_is_left_mergeable (key, Sh->b_size) && (vn->vn_mode != M_DELETE ||
+                                                       vn->vn_affected_item_num != B_NR_ITEMS (Sh) - 1))
+                vn->vn_vi[vn->vn_nr_item-1].vi_type |= VI_TYPE_RIGHT_MERGEABLE;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+        if (op_is_left_mergeable (key, Sh->b_size) &&
+            !(vn->vn_mode != M_DELETE || vn->vn_affected_item_num != B_NR_ITEMS (Sh) - 1) ) {
+            /* we delete last item and it could be merged with right neighbor's first item */
+            if (!(B_NR_ITEMS (Sh) == 1 && is_direntry_le_ih (B_N_PITEM_HEAD (Sh, 0)) &&
+                  I_ENTRY_COUNT (B_N_PITEM_HEAD (Sh, 0)) == 1)) {
+                /* node contains more than 1 item, or item is not directory item, or this item contains more than 1 entry */
+                print_block (Sh, 0, -1, -1);
+                reiserfs_panic (tb->tb_sb, "vs-8045: create_virtual_node: rdkey %k, affected item==%d (mode==%c) Must be %c", 
+                                key, vn->vn_affected_item_num, vn->vn_mode, M_DELETE);
+            } else
+                /* we can delete directory item, that has only one directory entry in it */
+                ;
+        }
+#endif
+    
+    }
+}
+
+
+/* using virtual node check, how many items can be shifted to left
+   neighbor */
+static void check_left (struct tree_balance * tb, int h, int cur_free)
+{
+    int i;
+    struct virtual_node * vn = tb->tb_vn;
+    struct virtual_item * vi;
+    int d_size, ih_size;
+
+    RFALSE( cur_free < 0, "vs-8050: cur_free (%d) < 0", cur_free);
+
+    /* internal level */
+    if (h > 0) {        
+        tb->lnum[h] = cur_free / (DC_SIZE + KEY_SIZE);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    /* leaf level */
+
+    if (!cur_free || !vn->vn_nr_item) {
+        /* no free space or nothing to move */
+        tb->lnum[h] = 0;
+        tb->lbytes = -1;
+        return;
+    }
+
+    RFALSE( !PATH_H_PPARENT (tb->tb_path, 0),
+            "vs-8055: parent does not exist or invalid");
+
+    vi = vn->vn_vi;
+    if ((unsigned int)cur_free >= (vn->vn_size - ((vi->vi_type & VI_TYPE_LEFT_MERGEABLE) ? IH_SIZE : 0))) {
+        /* all contents of S[0] fits into L[0] */
+
+        RFALSE( vn->vn_mode == M_INSERT || vn->vn_mode == M_PASTE,
+                "vs-8055: invalid mode or balance condition failed");
+
+        tb->lnum[0] = vn->vn_nr_item;
+        tb->lbytes = -1;
+        return;
+    }
+  
+
+    d_size = 0, ih_size = IH_SIZE;
+
+    /* first item may be merge with last item in left neighbor */
+    if (vi->vi_type & VI_TYPE_LEFT_MERGEABLE)
+        d_size = -((int)IH_SIZE), ih_size = 0;
+
+    tb->lnum[0] = 0;
+    for (i = 0; i < vn->vn_nr_item; i ++, ih_size = IH_SIZE, d_size = 0, vi ++) {
+        d_size += vi->vi_item_len;
+        if (cur_free >= d_size) {       
+            /* the item can be shifted entirely */
+            cur_free -= d_size;
+            tb->lnum[0] ++;
+            continue;
+        }
+      
+        /* the item cannot be shifted entirely, try to split it */
+        /* check whether L[0] can hold ih and at least one byte of the item body */
+        if (cur_free <= ih_size) {
+            /* cannot shift even a part of the current item */
+            tb->lbytes = -1;
+            return;
+        }
+        cur_free -= ih_size;
+    
+        tb->lbytes = op_check_left (vi, cur_free, 0, 0);
+        if (tb->lbytes != -1)
+            /* count partially shifted item */
+            tb->lnum[0] ++;
+    
+        break;
+    }
+  
+    return;
+}
+
+
+/* using virtual node check, how many items can be shifted to right
+   neighbor */
+static void check_right (struct tree_balance * tb, int h, int cur_free)
+{
+    int i;
+    struct virtual_node * vn = tb->tb_vn;
+    struct virtual_item * vi;
+    int d_size, ih_size;
+
+    RFALSE( cur_free < 0, "vs-8070: cur_free < 0");
+    
+    /* internal level */
+    if (h > 0) {
+        tb->rnum[h] = cur_free / (DC_SIZE + KEY_SIZE);
+        return;
+    }
+    
+    /* leaf level */
+    
+    if (!cur_free || !vn->vn_nr_item) {
+        /* no free space  */
+        tb->rnum[h] = 0;
+        tb->rbytes = -1;
+        return;
+    }
+  
+    RFALSE( !PATH_H_PPARENT (tb->tb_path, 0),
+            "vs-8075: parent does not exist or invalid");
+  
+    vi = vn->vn_vi + vn->vn_nr_item - 1;
+    if ((unsigned int)cur_free >= (vn->vn_size - ((vi->vi_type & VI_TYPE_RIGHT_MERGEABLE) ? IH_SIZE : 0))) {
+        /* all contents of S[0] fits into R[0] */
+        
+        RFALSE( vn->vn_mode == M_INSERT || vn->vn_mode == M_PASTE,
+                "vs-8080: invalid mode or balance condition failed");
+
+        tb->rnum[h] = vn->vn_nr_item;
+        tb->rbytes = -1;
+        return;
+    }
+    
+    d_size = 0, ih_size = IH_SIZE;
+    
+    /* last item may be merge with first item in right neighbor */
+    if (vi->vi_type & VI_TYPE_RIGHT_MERGEABLE)
+        d_size = -(int)IH_SIZE, ih_size = 0;
+
+    tb->rnum[0] = 0;
+    for (i = vn->vn_nr_item - 1; i >= 0; i --, d_size = 0, ih_size = IH_SIZE, vi --) {
+        d_size += vi->vi_item_len;
+        if (cur_free >= d_size) {       
+            /* the item can be shifted entirely */
+            cur_free -= d_size;
+            tb->rnum[0] ++;
+            continue;
+        }
+        
+        /* check whether R[0] can hold ih and at least one byte of the item body */
+        if ( cur_free <= ih_size ) {    /* cannot shift even a part of the current item */
+            tb->rbytes = -1;
+            return;
+        }
+        
+        /* R[0] can hold the header of the item and at least one byte of its body */
+        cur_free -= ih_size;    /* cur_free is still > 0 */
+
+        tb->rbytes = op_check_right (vi, cur_free);
+        if (tb->rbytes != -1)
+            /* count partially shifted item */
+            tb->rnum[0] ++;
+    
+        break;
+    }
+        
+  return;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * from - number of items, which are shifted to left neighbor entirely
+ * to - number of item, which are shifted to right neighbor entirely
+ * from_bytes - number of bytes of boundary item (or directory entries) which are shifted to left neighbor
+ * to_bytes - number of bytes of boundary item (or directory entries) which are shifted to right neighbor */
+static int get_num_ver (int mode, struct tree_balance * tb, int h,
+                        int from, int from_bytes,
+                        int to,   int to_bytes,
+                        short * snum012, int flow
+    )
+{
+    int i;
+    int cur_free;
+    //    int bytes;
+    int units;
+    struct virtual_node * vn = tb->tb_vn;
+    //    struct virtual_item * vi;
+
+    int total_node_size, max_node_size, current_item_size;
+    int needed_nodes;
+    int start_item,     /* position of item we start filling node from */
+        end_item,       /* position of item we finish filling node by */
+        start_bytes,/* number of first bytes (entries for directory) of start_item-th item 
+                       we do not include into node that is being filled */
+        end_bytes;      /* number of last bytes (entries for directory) of end_item-th item 
+                           we do node include into node that is being filled */
+    int split_item_positions[2]; /* these are positions in virtual item of
+                                    items, that are split between S[0] and
+                                    S1new and S1new and S2new */
+
+    split_item_positions[0] = -1;
+    split_item_positions[1] = -1;
+
+    /* We only create additional nodes if we are in insert or paste mode
+       or we are in replace mode at the internal level. If h is 0 and
+       the mode is M_REPLACE then in fix_nodes we change the mode to
+       paste or insert before we get here in the code.  */
+    RFALSE( tb->insert_size[h] < 0  || (mode != M_INSERT && mode != M_PASTE),
+            "vs-8100: insert_size < 0 in overflow");
+
+    max_node_size = MAX_CHILD_SIZE (PATH_H_PBUFFER (tb->tb_path, h));
+
+    /* snum012 [0-2] - number of items, that lay
+       to S[0], first new node and second new node */
+    snum012[3] = -1;    /* s1bytes */
+    snum012[4] = -1;    /* s2bytes */
+
+    /* internal level */
+    if (h > 0) {
+        i = ((to - from) * (KEY_SIZE + DC_SIZE) + DC_SIZE);
+        if (i == max_node_size)
+            return 1;
+        return (i / max_node_size + 1);
+    }
+
+    /* leaf level */
+    needed_nodes = 1;
+    total_node_size = 0;
+    cur_free = max_node_size;
+
+    // start from 'from'-th item
+    start_item = from;
+    // skip its first 'start_bytes' units
+    start_bytes = ((from_bytes != -1) ? from_bytes : 0);
+
+    // last included item is the 'end_item'-th one
+    end_item = vn->vn_nr_item - to - 1;
+    // do not count last 'end_bytes' units of 'end_item'-th item
+    end_bytes = (to_bytes != -1) ? to_bytes : 0;
+
+    /* go through all item beginning from the start_item-th item and ending by
+       the end_item-th item. Do not count first 'start_bytes' units of
+       'start_item'-th item and last 'end_bytes' of 'end_item'-th item */
+    
+    for (i = start_item; i <= end_item; i ++) {
+        struct virtual_item * vi = vn->vn_vi + i;
+        int skip_from_end = ((i == end_item) ? end_bytes : 0);
+
+        RFALSE( needed_nodes > 3, "vs-8105: too many nodes are needed");
+
+        /* get size of current item */
+        current_item_size = vi->vi_item_len;
+
+        /* do not take in calculation head part (from_bytes) of from-th item */
+        current_item_size -= op_part_size (vi, 0/*from start*/, start_bytes);
+
+        /* do not take in calculation tail part of last item */
+        current_item_size -= op_part_size (vi, 1/*from end*/, skip_from_end);
+
+        /* if item fits into current node entierly */
+        if (total_node_size + current_item_size <= max_node_size) {
+            snum012[needed_nodes - 1] ++;
+            total_node_size += current_item_size;
+            start_bytes = 0;
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if (current_item_size > max_node_size) {
+            /* virtual item length is longer, than max size of item in
+               a node. It is impossible for direct item */
+            RFALSE( is_direct_le_ih (vi->vi_ih),
+                    "vs-8110: "
+                    "direct item length is %d. It can not be longer than %d",
+                    current_item_size, max_node_size);
+            /* we will try to split it */
+            flow = 1;
+        }
+
+        if (!flow) {
+            /* as we do not split items, take new node and continue */
+            needed_nodes ++; i --; total_node_size = 0;
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        // calculate number of item units which fit into node being
+        // filled
+        {
+            int free_space;
+
+            free_space = max_node_size - total_node_size - IH_SIZE;
+            units = op_check_left (vi, free_space, start_bytes, skip_from_end);
+            if (units == -1) {
+                /* nothing fits into current node, take new node and continue */
+                needed_nodes ++, i--, total_node_size = 0;
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* something fits into the current node */
+        //if (snum012[3] != -1 || needed_nodes != 1)
+        //  reiserfs_panic (tb->tb_sb, "vs-8115: get_num_ver: too many nodes required");
+        //snum012[needed_nodes - 1 + 3] = op_unit_num (vi) - start_bytes - units;
+        start_bytes += units;
+        snum012[needed_nodes - 1 + 3] = units;
+
+        if (needed_nodes > 2)
+            reiserfs_warning (tb->tb_sb, "vs-8111: get_num_ver: "
+                              "split_item_position is out of boundary");
+        snum012[needed_nodes - 1] ++;
+        split_item_positions[needed_nodes - 1] = i;
+        needed_nodes ++;
+        /* continue from the same item with start_bytes != -1 */
+        start_item = i;
+        i --;
+        total_node_size = 0;
+    }
+
+    // sum012[4] (if it is not -1) contains number of units of which
+    // are to be in S1new, snum012[3] - to be in S0. They are supposed
+    // to be S1bytes and S2bytes correspondingly, so recalculate
+    if (snum012[4] > 0) {
+        int split_item_num;
+        int bytes_to_r, bytes_to_l;
+        int bytes_to_S1new;
+    
+        split_item_num = split_item_positions[1];
+        bytes_to_l = ((from == split_item_num && from_bytes != -1) ? from_bytes : 0);
+        bytes_to_r = ((end_item == split_item_num && end_bytes != -1) ? end_bytes : 0);
+        bytes_to_S1new = ((split_item_positions[0] == split_item_positions[1]) ? snum012[3] : 0);
+
+        // s2bytes
+        snum012[4] = op_unit_num (&vn->vn_vi[split_item_num]) - snum012[4] - bytes_to_r - bytes_to_l - bytes_to_S1new;
+
+        if (vn->vn_vi[split_item_num].vi_index != TYPE_DIRENTRY &&
+            vn->vn_vi[split_item_num].vi_index != TYPE_INDIRECT)
+            reiserfs_warning (tb->tb_sb, "vs-8115: get_num_ver: not "
+                              "directory or indirect item");
+    }
+
+    /* now we know S2bytes, calculate S1bytes */
+    if (snum012[3] > 0) {
+        int split_item_num;
+        int bytes_to_r, bytes_to_l;
+        int bytes_to_S2new;
+    
+        split_item_num = split_item_positions[0];
+        bytes_to_l = ((from == split_item_num && from_bytes != -1) ? from_bytes : 0);
+        bytes_to_r = ((end_item == split_item_num && end_bytes != -1) ? end_bytes : 0);
+        bytes_to_S2new = ((split_item_positions[0] == split_item_positions[1] && snum012[4] != -1) ? snum012[4] : 0);
+
+        // s1bytes
+        snum012[3] = op_unit_num (&vn->vn_vi[split_item_num]) - snum012[3] - bytes_to_r - bytes_to_l - bytes_to_S2new;
+    }
+    
+    return needed_nodes;
+}
+
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+extern struct tree_balance * cur_tb;
+#endif
+
+
+/* Set parameters for balancing.
+ * Performs write of results of analysis of balancing into structure tb,
+ * where it will later be used by the functions that actually do the balancing. 
+ * Parameters:
+ *      tb      tree_balance structure;
+ *      h       current level of the node;
+ *      lnum    number of items from S[h] that must be shifted to L[h];
+ *      rnum    number of items from S[h] that must be shifted to R[h];
+ *      blk_num number of blocks that S[h] will be splitted into;
+ *      s012    number of items that fall into splitted nodes.
+ *      lbytes  number of bytes which flow to the left neighbor from the item that is not
+ *              not shifted entirely
+ *      rbytes  number of bytes which flow to the right neighbor from the item that is not
+ *              not shifted entirely
+ *      s1bytes number of bytes which flow to the first  new node when S[0] splits (this number is contained in s012 array)
+ */
+
+static void set_parameters (struct tree_balance * tb, int h, int lnum,
+                            int rnum, int blk_num, short * s012, int lb, int rb)
+{
+
+  tb->lnum[h] = lnum;
+  tb->rnum[h] = rnum;
+  tb->blknum[h] = blk_num;
+
+  if (h == 0)
+    {  /* only for leaf level */
+      if (s012 != NULL)
+        {
+          tb->s0num = * s012 ++,
+          tb->s1num = * s012 ++,
+          tb->s2num = * s012 ++;
+          tb->s1bytes = * s012 ++;
+          tb->s2bytes = * s012;
+        }
+      tb->lbytes = lb;
+      tb->rbytes = rb;
+    }
+  PROC_INFO_ADD( tb -> tb_sb, lnum[ h ], lnum );
+  PROC_INFO_ADD( tb -> tb_sb, rnum[ h ], rnum );
+
+  PROC_INFO_ADD( tb -> tb_sb, lbytes[ h ], lb );
+  PROC_INFO_ADD( tb -> tb_sb, rbytes[ h ], rb );
+}
+
+
+
+/* check, does node disappear if we shift tb->lnum[0] items to left
+   neighbor and tb->rnum[0] to the right one. */
+static int is_leaf_removable (struct tree_balance * tb)
+{
+  struct virtual_node * vn = tb->tb_vn;
+  int to_left, to_right;
+  int size;
+  int remain_items;
+
+  /* number of items, that will be shifted to left (right) neighbor
+     entirely */
+  to_left = tb->lnum[0] - ((tb->lbytes != -1) ? 1 : 0);
+  to_right = tb->rnum[0] - ((tb->rbytes != -1) ? 1 : 0);
+  remain_items = vn->vn_nr_item;
+
+  /* how many items remain in S[0] after shiftings to neighbors */
+  remain_items -= (to_left + to_right);
+
+  if (remain_items < 1) {
+    /* all content of node can be shifted to neighbors */
+    set_parameters (tb, 0, to_left, vn->vn_nr_item - to_left, 0, NULL, -1, -1);    
+    return 1;
+  }
+  
+  if (remain_items > 1 || tb->lbytes == -1 || tb->rbytes == -1)
+    /* S[0] is not removable */
+    return 0;
+
+  /* check, whether we can divide 1 remaining item between neighbors */
+
+  /* get size of remaining item (in item units) */
+  size = op_unit_num (&(vn->vn_vi[to_left]));
+
+  if (tb->lbytes + tb->rbytes >= size) {
+    set_parameters (tb, 0, to_left + 1, to_right + 1, 0, NULL, tb->lbytes, -1);
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+
+/* check whether L, S, R can be joined in one node */
+static int are_leaves_removable (struct tree_balance * tb, int lfree, int rfree)
+{
+  struct virtual_node * vn = tb->tb_vn;
+  int ih_size;
+  struct buffer_head *S0;
+
+  S0 = PATH_H_PBUFFER (tb->tb_path, 0);
+
+  ih_size = 0;
+  if (vn->vn_nr_item) {
+    if (vn->vn_vi[0].vi_type & VI_TYPE_LEFT_MERGEABLE)
+      ih_size += IH_SIZE;
+    
+        if (vn->vn_vi[vn->vn_nr_item-1].vi_type & VI_TYPE_RIGHT_MERGEABLE)
+            ih_size += IH_SIZE;
+    } else {
+        /* there was only one item and it will be deleted */
+        struct item_head * ih;
+    
+    RFALSE( B_NR_ITEMS (S0) != 1,
+            "vs-8125: item number must be 1: it is %d", B_NR_ITEMS(S0));
+
+    ih = B_N_PITEM_HEAD (S0, 0);
+    if (tb->CFR[0] && !comp_short_le_keys (&(ih->ih_key), B_N_PDELIM_KEY (tb->CFR[0], tb->rkey[0])))
+        if (is_direntry_le_ih (ih)) {
+            /* Directory must be in correct state here: that is
+               somewhere at the left side should exist first directory
+               item. But the item being deleted can not be that first
+               one because its right neighbor is item of the same
+               directory. (But first item always gets deleted in last
+               turn). So, neighbors of deleted item can be merged, so
+               we can save ih_size */
+            ih_size = IH_SIZE;
+            
+            /* we might check that left neighbor exists and is of the
+               same directory */
+            RFALSE(le_ih_k_offset (ih) == DOT_OFFSET,
+                "vs-8130: first directory item can not be removed until directory is not empty");
+      }
+    
+  }
+
+  if (MAX_CHILD_SIZE (S0) + vn->vn_size <= rfree + lfree + ih_size) {
+    set_parameters (tb, 0, -1, -1, -1, NULL, -1, -1);
+    PROC_INFO_INC( tb -> tb_sb, leaves_removable );
+    return 1;  
+  }
+  return 0;
+  
+}
+
+
+
+/* when we do not split item, lnum and rnum are numbers of entire items */
+#define SET_PAR_SHIFT_LEFT \
+if (h)\
+{\
+   int to_l;\
+   \
+   to_l = (MAX_NR_KEY(Sh)+1 - lpar + vn->vn_nr_item + 1) / 2 -\
+              (MAX_NR_KEY(Sh) + 1 - lpar);\
+              \
+              set_parameters (tb, h, to_l, 0, lnver, NULL, -1, -1);\
+}\
+else \
+{\
+   if (lset==LEFT_SHIFT_FLOW)\
+     set_parameters (tb, h, lpar, 0, lnver, snum012+lset,\
+                     tb->lbytes, -1);\
+   else\
+     set_parameters (tb, h, lpar - (tb->lbytes!=-1), 0, lnver, snum012+lset,\
+                     -1, -1);\
+}
+
+
+#define SET_PAR_SHIFT_RIGHT \
+if (h)\
+{\
+   int to_r;\
+   \
+   to_r = (MAX_NR_KEY(Sh)+1 - rpar + vn->vn_nr_item + 1) / 2 - (MAX_NR_KEY(Sh) + 1 - rpar);\
+   \
+   set_parameters (tb, h, 0, to_r, rnver, NULL, -1, -1);\
+}\
+else \
+{\
+   if (rset==RIGHT_SHIFT_FLOW)\
+     set_parameters (tb, h, 0, rpar, rnver, snum012+rset,\
+                  -1, tb->rbytes);\
+   else\
+     set_parameters (tb, h, 0, rpar - (tb->rbytes!=-1), rnver, snum012+rset,\
+                  -1, -1);\
+}
+
+
+static void free_buffers_in_tb (
+                       struct tree_balance * p_s_tb
+                       ) {
+  int n_counter;
+
+  decrement_counters_in_path(p_s_tb->tb_path);
+  
+  for ( n_counter = 0; n_counter < MAX_HEIGHT; n_counter++ ) {
+    decrement_bcount(p_s_tb->L[n_counter]);
+    p_s_tb->L[n_counter] = NULL;
+    decrement_bcount(p_s_tb->R[n_counter]);
+    p_s_tb->R[n_counter] = NULL;
+    decrement_bcount(p_s_tb->FL[n_counter]);
+    p_s_tb->FL[n_counter] = NULL;
+    decrement_bcount(p_s_tb->FR[n_counter]);
+    p_s_tb->FR[n_counter] = NULL;
+    decrement_bcount(p_s_tb->CFL[n_counter]);
+    p_s_tb->CFL[n_counter] = NULL;
+    decrement_bcount(p_s_tb->CFR[n_counter]);
+    p_s_tb->CFR[n_counter] = NULL;
+  }
+}
+
+
+/* Get new buffers for storing new nodes that are created while balancing.
+ * Returns:     SCHEDULE_OCCURRED - schedule occurred while the function worked;
+ *              CARRY_ON - schedule didn't occur while the function worked;
+ *              NO_DISK_SPACE - no disk space.
+ */
+/* The function is NOT SCHEDULE-SAFE! */
+static int  get_empty_nodes(
+              struct tree_balance * p_s_tb,
+              int n_h
+            ) {
+  struct buffer_head  * p_s_new_bh,
+                      * p_s_Sh = PATH_H_PBUFFER (p_s_tb->tb_path, n_h);
+  b_blocknr_t         * p_n_blocknr,
+                        a_n_blocknrs[MAX_AMOUNT_NEEDED] = {0, };
+  int                   n_counter,
+                        n_number_of_freeblk,
+                        n_amount_needed,/* number of needed empty blocks */
+                        n_retval = CARRY_ON;
+  struct super_block *  p_s_sb = p_s_tb->tb_sb;
+
+
+  /* number_of_freeblk is the number of empty blocks which have been
+     acquired for use by the balancing algorithm minus the number of
+     empty blocks used in the previous levels of the analysis,
+     number_of_freeblk = tb->cur_blknum can be non-zero if a schedule occurs
+     after empty blocks are acquired, and the balancing analysis is
+     then restarted, amount_needed is the number needed by this level
+     (n_h) of the balancing analysis.
+                            
+     Note that for systems with many processes writing, it would be
+     more layout optimal to calculate the total number needed by all
+     levels and then to run reiserfs_new_blocks to get all of them at once.  */
+
+  /* Initiate number_of_freeblk to the amount acquired prior to the restart of
+     the analysis or 0 if not restarted, then subtract the amount needed
+     by all of the levels of the tree below n_h. */
+  /* blknum includes S[n_h], so we subtract 1 in this calculation */
+  for ( n_counter = 0, n_number_of_freeblk = p_s_tb->cur_blknum; n_counter < n_h; n_counter++ )
+    n_number_of_freeblk -= ( p_s_tb->blknum[n_counter] ) ? (p_s_tb->blknum[n_counter] - 1) : 0;
+
+  /* Allocate missing empty blocks. */
+  /* if p_s_Sh == 0  then we are getting a new root */
+  n_amount_needed = ( p_s_Sh ) ? (p_s_tb->blknum[n_h] - 1) : 1;
+  /*  Amount_needed = the amount that we need more than the amount that we have. */
+  if ( n_amount_needed > n_number_of_freeblk )
+    n_amount_needed -= n_number_of_freeblk;
+  else /* If we have enough already then there is nothing to do. */
+    return CARRY_ON;
+
+  /* No need to check quota - is not allocated for blocks used for formatted nodes */
+  if (reiserfs_new_form_blocknrs (p_s_tb, a_n_blocknrs,
+                                   n_amount_needed) == NO_DISK_SPACE)
+    return NO_DISK_SPACE;
+
+  /* for each blocknumber we just got, get a buffer and stick it on FEB */
+  for ( p_n_blocknr = a_n_blocknrs, n_counter = 0; n_counter < n_amount_needed;
+        p_n_blocknr++, n_counter++ ) { 
+
+    RFALSE( ! *p_n_blocknr,
+            "PAP-8135: reiserfs_new_blocknrs failed when got new blocks");
+
+    p_s_new_bh = sb_getblk(p_s_sb, *p_n_blocknr);
+    RFALSE (buffer_dirty (p_s_new_bh) ||
+            buffer_journaled (p_s_new_bh) ||
+            buffer_journal_dirty (p_s_new_bh),
+            "PAP-8140: journlaled or dirty buffer %b for the new block", 
+            p_s_new_bh);
+    
+    /* Put empty buffers into the array. */
+    RFALSE (p_s_tb->FEB[p_s_tb->cur_blknum],
+            "PAP-8141: busy slot for new buffer");
+
+    set_buffer_journal_new (p_s_new_bh);
+    p_s_tb->FEB[p_s_tb->cur_blknum++] = p_s_new_bh;
+  }
+
+  if ( n_retval == CARRY_ON && FILESYSTEM_CHANGED_TB (p_s_tb) )
+    n_retval = REPEAT_SEARCH ;
+
+  return n_retval;
+}
+
+
+/* Get free space of the left neighbor, which is stored in the parent
+ * node of the left neighbor.  */
+static int get_lfree (struct tree_balance * tb, int h)
+{
+    struct buffer_head * l, * f;
+    int order;
+
+    if ((f = PATH_H_PPARENT (tb->tb_path, h)) == 0 || (l = tb->FL[h]) == 0)
+        return 0;
+
+    if (f == l)
+        order = PATH_H_B_ITEM_ORDER (tb->tb_path, h) - 1;
+    else {
+        order = B_NR_ITEMS (l);
+        f = l;
+    }
+
+    return (MAX_CHILD_SIZE(f) - dc_size(B_N_CHILD(f,order)));
+}
+
+
+/* Get free space of the right neighbor,
+ * which is stored in the parent node of the right neighbor.
+ */
+static int get_rfree (struct tree_balance * tb, int h)
+{
+  struct buffer_head * r, * f;
+  int order;
+
+  if ((f = PATH_H_PPARENT (tb->tb_path, h)) == 0 || (r = tb->FR[h]) == 0)
+    return 0;
+
+  if (f == r)
+      order = PATH_H_B_ITEM_ORDER (tb->tb_path, h) + 1;
+  else {
+      order = 0;
+      f = r;
+  }
+
+  return (MAX_CHILD_SIZE(f) - dc_size( B_N_CHILD(f,order)));
+
+}
+
+
+/* Check whether left neighbor is in memory. */
+static int  is_left_neighbor_in_cache(
+              struct tree_balance * p_s_tb,
+              int                   n_h
+            ) {
+  struct buffer_head  * p_s_father, * left;
+  struct super_block  * p_s_sb = p_s_tb->tb_sb;
+  b_blocknr_t           n_left_neighbor_blocknr;
+  int                   n_left_neighbor_position;
+
+  if ( ! p_s_tb->FL[n_h] ) /* Father of the left neighbor does not exist. */
+    return 0;
+
+  /* Calculate father of the node to be balanced. */
+  p_s_father = PATH_H_PBUFFER(p_s_tb->tb_path, n_h + 1);
+
+  RFALSE( ! p_s_father || 
+          ! B_IS_IN_TREE (p_s_father) || 
+          ! B_IS_IN_TREE (p_s_tb->FL[n_h]) ||
+          ! buffer_uptodate (p_s_father) || 
+          ! buffer_uptodate (p_s_tb->FL[n_h]),
+          "vs-8165: F[h] (%b) or FL[h] (%b) is invalid", 
+          p_s_father, p_s_tb->FL[n_h]);
+
+
+  /* Get position of the pointer to the left neighbor into the left father. */
+  n_left_neighbor_position = ( p_s_father == p_s_tb->FL[n_h] ) ?
+                      p_s_tb->lkey[n_h] : B_NR_ITEMS (p_s_tb->FL[n_h]);
+  /* Get left neighbor block number. */
+  n_left_neighbor_blocknr = B_N_CHILD_NUM(p_s_tb->FL[n_h], n_left_neighbor_position);
+  /* Look for the left neighbor in the cache. */
+  if ( (left = sb_find_get_block(p_s_sb, n_left_neighbor_blocknr)) ) {
+
+    RFALSE( buffer_uptodate (left) && ! B_IS_IN_TREE(left),
+            "vs-8170: left neighbor (%b %z) is not in the tree", left, left);
+    put_bh(left) ;
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+
+#define LEFT_PARENTS  'l'
+#define RIGHT_PARENTS 'r'
+
+
+static void decrement_key (struct cpu_key * p_s_key)
+{
+    // call item specific function for this key
+    item_ops[cpu_key_k_type (p_s_key)]->decrement_key (p_s_key);
+}
+
+
+
+
+/* Calculate far left/right parent of the left/right neighbor of the current node, that
+ * is calculate the left/right (FL[h]/FR[h]) neighbor of the parent F[h].
+ * Calculate left/right common parent of the current node and L[h]/R[h].
+ * Calculate left/right delimiting key position.
+ * Returns:     PATH_INCORRECT   - path in the tree is not correct;
+                SCHEDULE_OCCURRED - schedule occurred while the function worked;
+ *              CARRY_ON         - schedule didn't occur while the function worked;
+ */
+static int  get_far_parent (struct tree_balance *   p_s_tb,
+                            int                     n_h,
+                            struct buffer_head  **  pp_s_father,
+                            struct buffer_head  **  pp_s_com_father,
+                            char                    c_lr_par) 
+{
+    struct buffer_head  * p_s_parent;
+    INITIALIZE_PATH (s_path_to_neighbor_father);
+    struct path * p_s_path = p_s_tb->tb_path;
+    struct cpu_key      s_lr_father_key;
+    int                   n_counter,
+        n_position = INT_MAX,
+        n_first_last_position = 0,
+        n_path_offset = PATH_H_PATH_OFFSET(p_s_path, n_h);
+
+    /* Starting from F[n_h] go upwards in the tree, and look for the common
+      ancestor of F[n_h], and its neighbor l/r, that should be obtained. */
+
+    n_counter = n_path_offset;
+
+    RFALSE( n_counter < FIRST_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET,
+            "PAP-8180: invalid path length");
+
+  
+    for ( ; n_counter > FIRST_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET; n_counter--  )  {
+        /* Check whether parent of the current buffer in the path is really parent in the tree. */
+        if ( ! B_IS_IN_TREE(p_s_parent = PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(p_s_path, n_counter - 1)) )
+            return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+        /* Check whether position in the parent is correct. */
+        if ( (n_position = PATH_OFFSET_POSITION(p_s_path, n_counter - 1)) > B_NR_ITEMS(p_s_parent) )
+            return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+        /* Check whether parent at the path really points to the child. */
+        if ( B_N_CHILD_NUM(p_s_parent, n_position) !=
+             PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(p_s_path, n_counter)->b_blocknr )
+            return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+        /* Return delimiting key if position in the parent is not equal to first/last one. */
+        if ( c_lr_par == RIGHT_PARENTS )
+            n_first_last_position = B_NR_ITEMS (p_s_parent);
+        if ( n_position != n_first_last_position ) {
+            *pp_s_com_father = p_s_parent;
+            get_bh(*pp_s_com_father) ;
+            /*(*pp_s_com_father = p_s_parent)->b_count++;*/
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* if we are in the root of the tree, then there is no common father */
+    if ( n_counter == FIRST_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET ) {
+        /* Check whether first buffer in the path is the root of the tree. */
+        if ( PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(p_s_tb->tb_path, FIRST_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET)->b_blocknr ==
+             SB_ROOT_BLOCK (p_s_tb->tb_sb) ) {
+            *pp_s_father = *pp_s_com_father = NULL;
+            return CARRY_ON;
+        }
+        return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+    }
+
+    RFALSE( B_LEVEL (*pp_s_com_father) <= DISK_LEAF_NODE_LEVEL,
+            "PAP-8185: (%b %z) level too small", 
+            *pp_s_com_father, *pp_s_com_father);
+
+    /* Check whether the common parent is locked. */
+
+    if ( buffer_locked (*pp_s_com_father) ) {
+        __wait_on_buffer(*pp_s_com_father);
+        if ( FILESYSTEM_CHANGED_TB (p_s_tb) ) {
+            decrement_bcount(*pp_s_com_father);
+            return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* So, we got common parent of the current node and its left/right neighbor.
+     Now we are geting the parent of the left/right neighbor. */
+
+    /* Form key to get parent of the left/right neighbor. */
+    le_key2cpu_key (&s_lr_father_key, B_N_PDELIM_KEY(*pp_s_com_father, ( c_lr_par == LEFT_PARENTS ) ?
+                                                     (p_s_tb->lkey[n_h - 1] = n_position - 1) : (p_s_tb->rkey[n_h - 1] = n_position)));
+
+
+    if ( c_lr_par == LEFT_PARENTS )
+        decrement_key(&s_lr_father_key);
+
+    if (search_by_key(p_s_tb->tb_sb, &s_lr_father_key, &s_path_to_neighbor_father, n_h + 1) == IO_ERROR)
+        // path is released
+        return IO_ERROR;
+
+    if ( FILESYSTEM_CHANGED_TB (p_s_tb) ) {
+        decrement_counters_in_path(&s_path_to_neighbor_father);
+        decrement_bcount(*pp_s_com_father);
+        return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+    }
+
+    *pp_s_father = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(&s_path_to_neighbor_father);
+
+    RFALSE( B_LEVEL (*pp_s_father) != n_h + 1,
+            "PAP-8190: (%b %z) level too small", *pp_s_father, *pp_s_father);
+    RFALSE( s_path_to_neighbor_father.path_length < FIRST_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET,
+            "PAP-8192: path length is too small");
+
+    s_path_to_neighbor_father.path_length--;
+    decrement_counters_in_path(&s_path_to_neighbor_father);
+    return CARRY_ON;
+}
+
+
+/* Get parents of neighbors of node in the path(S[n_path_offset]) and common parents of
+ * S[n_path_offset] and L[n_path_offset]/R[n_path_offset]: F[n_path_offset], FL[n_path_offset],
+ * FR[n_path_offset], CFL[n_path_offset], CFR[n_path_offset].
+ * Calculate numbers of left and right delimiting keys position: lkey[n_path_offset], rkey[n_path_offset].
+ * Returns:     SCHEDULE_OCCURRED - schedule occurred while the function worked;
+ *              CARRY_ON - schedule didn't occur while the function worked;
+ */
+static int  get_parents (struct tree_balance * p_s_tb, int n_h)
+{
+    struct path         * p_s_path = p_s_tb->tb_path;
+    int                   n_position,
+        n_ret_value,
+        n_path_offset = PATH_H_PATH_OFFSET(p_s_tb->tb_path, n_h);
+    struct buffer_head  * p_s_curf,
+        * p_s_curcf;
+
+    /* Current node is the root of the tree or will be root of the tree */
+    if ( n_path_offset <= FIRST_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET ) {
+        /* The root can not have parents.
+           Release nodes which previously were obtained as parents of the current node neighbors. */
+        decrement_bcount(p_s_tb->FL[n_h]);
+        decrement_bcount(p_s_tb->CFL[n_h]);
+        decrement_bcount(p_s_tb->FR[n_h]);
+        decrement_bcount(p_s_tb->CFR[n_h]);
+        p_s_tb->FL[n_h] = p_s_tb->CFL[n_h] = p_s_tb->FR[n_h] = p_s_tb->CFR[n_h] = NULL;
+        return CARRY_ON;
+    }
+  
+    /* Get parent FL[n_path_offset] of L[n_path_offset]. */
+    if ( (n_position = PATH_OFFSET_POSITION(p_s_path, n_path_offset - 1)) )  {
+        /* Current node is not the first child of its parent. */
+        /*(p_s_curf = p_s_curcf = PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(p_s_path, n_path_offset - 1))->b_count += 2;*/
+        p_s_curf = p_s_curcf = PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(p_s_path, n_path_offset - 1);
+        get_bh(p_s_curf) ;
+        get_bh(p_s_curf) ;
+        p_s_tb->lkey[n_h] = n_position - 1;
+    }
+    else  {
+        /* Calculate current parent of L[n_path_offset], which is the left neighbor of the current node.
+           Calculate current common parent of L[n_path_offset] and the current node. Note that
+           CFL[n_path_offset] not equal FL[n_path_offset] and CFL[n_path_offset] not equal F[n_path_offset].
+           Calculate lkey[n_path_offset]. */
+        if ( (n_ret_value = get_far_parent(p_s_tb, n_h + 1, &p_s_curf,
+                                           &p_s_curcf, LEFT_PARENTS)) != CARRY_ON )
+            return n_ret_value;
+    }
+
+    decrement_bcount(p_s_tb->FL[n_h]);
+    p_s_tb->FL[n_h] = p_s_curf; /* New initialization of FL[n_h]. */
+    decrement_bcount(p_s_tb->CFL[n_h]);
+    p_s_tb->CFL[n_h] = p_s_curcf; /* New initialization of CFL[n_h]. */
+
+    RFALSE( (p_s_curf && !B_IS_IN_TREE (p_s_curf)) || 
+            (p_s_curcf && !B_IS_IN_TREE (p_s_curcf)),
+            "PAP-8195: FL (%b) or CFL (%b) is invalid", p_s_curf, p_s_curcf);
+
+/* Get parent FR[n_h] of R[n_h]. */
+
+/* Current node is the last child of F[n_h]. FR[n_h] != F[n_h]. */
+    if ( n_position == B_NR_ITEMS (PATH_H_PBUFFER(p_s_path, n_h + 1)) ) {
+/* Calculate current parent of R[n_h], which is the right neighbor of F[n_h].
+   Calculate current common parent of R[n_h] and current node. Note that CFR[n_h]
+   not equal FR[n_path_offset] and CFR[n_h] not equal F[n_h]. */
+        if ( (n_ret_value = get_far_parent(p_s_tb, n_h + 1, &p_s_curf,  &p_s_curcf, RIGHT_PARENTS)) != CARRY_ON )
+            return n_ret_value;
+    }
+    else {
+/* Current node is not the last child of its parent F[n_h]. */
+        /*(p_s_curf = p_s_curcf = PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(p_s_path, n_path_offset - 1))->b_count += 2;*/
+        p_s_curf = p_s_curcf = PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(p_s_path, n_path_offset - 1);
+        get_bh(p_s_curf) ;
+        get_bh(p_s_curf) ;
+        p_s_tb->rkey[n_h] = n_position;
+    }   
+
+    decrement_bcount(p_s_tb->FR[n_h]);
+    p_s_tb->FR[n_h] = p_s_curf; /* New initialization of FR[n_path_offset]. */
+    
+    decrement_bcount(p_s_tb->CFR[n_h]);
+    p_s_tb->CFR[n_h] = p_s_curcf; /* New initialization of CFR[n_path_offset]. */
+
+    RFALSE( (p_s_curf && !B_IS_IN_TREE (p_s_curf)) ||
+            (p_s_curcf && !B_IS_IN_TREE (p_s_curcf)),
+            "PAP-8205: FR (%b) or CFR (%b) is invalid", p_s_curf, p_s_curcf);
+
+    return CARRY_ON;
+}
+
+
+/* it is possible to remove node as result of shiftings to
+   neighbors even when we insert or paste item. */
+static inline int can_node_be_removed (int mode, int lfree, int sfree, int rfree, struct tree_balance * tb, int h)
+{
+    struct buffer_head * Sh = PATH_H_PBUFFER (tb->tb_path, h);
+    int levbytes = tb->insert_size[h];
+    struct item_head * ih;
+    struct reiserfs_key * r_key = NULL;
+
+    ih = B_N_PITEM_HEAD (Sh, 0);
+    if ( tb->CFR[h] )
+        r_key = B_N_PDELIM_KEY(tb->CFR[h],tb->rkey[h]);
+  
+    if (
+        lfree + rfree + sfree < MAX_CHILD_SIZE(Sh) + levbytes
+        /* shifting may merge items which might save space */
+        - (( ! h && op_is_left_mergeable (&(ih->ih_key), Sh->b_size) ) ? IH_SIZE : 0)
+        - (( ! h && r_key && op_is_left_mergeable (r_key, Sh->b_size) ) ? IH_SIZE : 0)
+        + (( h ) ? KEY_SIZE : 0))
+    {
+        /* node can not be removed */
+        if (sfree >= levbytes ) { /* new item fits into node S[h] without any shifting */
+            if ( ! h )
+                tb->s0num = B_NR_ITEMS(Sh) + ((mode == M_INSERT ) ? 1 : 0);
+            set_parameters (tb, h, 0, 0, 1, NULL, -1, -1);
+            return NO_BALANCING_NEEDED;
+        }
+    }
+    PROC_INFO_INC( tb -> tb_sb, can_node_be_removed[ h ] );
+    return !NO_BALANCING_NEEDED;
+}
+
+
+
+/* Check whether current node S[h] is balanced when increasing its size by
+ * Inserting or Pasting.
+ * Calculate parameters for balancing for current level h.
+ * Parameters:
+ *      tb      tree_balance structure;
+ *      h       current level of the node;
+ *      inum    item number in S[h];
+ *      mode    i - insert, p - paste;
+ * Returns:     1 - schedule occurred; 
+ *              0 - balancing for higher levels needed;
+ *             -1 - no balancing for higher levels needed;
+ *             -2 - no disk space.
+ */
+/* ip means Inserting or Pasting */
+static int ip_check_balance (struct tree_balance * tb, int h)
+{
+    struct virtual_node * vn = tb->tb_vn;
+    int levbytes,  /* Number of bytes that must be inserted into (value
+                      is negative if bytes are deleted) buffer which
+                      contains node being balanced.  The mnemonic is
+                      that the attempted change in node space used level
+                      is levbytes bytes. */
+        n_ret_value;
+
+    int lfree, sfree, rfree /* free space in L, S and R */;
+
+    /* nver is short for number of vertixes, and lnver is the number if
+       we shift to the left, rnver is the number if we shift to the
+       right, and lrnver is the number if we shift in both directions.
+       The goal is to minimize first the number of vertixes, and second,
+       the number of vertixes whose contents are changed by shifting,
+       and third the number of uncached vertixes whose contents are
+       changed by shifting and must be read from disk.  */
+    int nver, lnver, rnver, lrnver;
+
+    /* used at leaf level only, S0 = S[0] is the node being balanced,
+       sInum [ I = 0,1,2 ] is the number of items that will
+       remain in node SI after balancing.  S1 and S2 are new
+       nodes that might be created. */
+  
+    /* we perform 8 calls to get_num_ver().  For each call we calculate five parameters.
+       where 4th parameter is s1bytes and 5th - s2bytes
+    */
+    short snum012[40] = {0,};   /* s0num, s1num, s2num for 8 cases 
+                                   0,1 - do not shift and do not shift but bottle
+                                   2 - shift only whole item to left
+                                   3 - shift to left and bottle as much as possible
+                                   4,5 - shift to right (whole items and as much as possible
+                                   6,7 - shift to both directions (whole items and as much as possible)
+                                */
+
+    /* Sh is the node whose balance is currently being checked */
+    struct buffer_head * Sh;
+  
+    Sh = PATH_H_PBUFFER (tb->tb_path, h);
+    levbytes = tb->insert_size[h];
+  
+    /* Calculate balance parameters for creating new root. */
+    if ( ! Sh )  {
+        if ( ! h )
+            reiserfs_panic (tb->tb_sb, "vs-8210: ip_check_balance: S[0] can not be 0");
+        switch ( n_ret_value = get_empty_nodes (tb, h) )  {
+        case CARRY_ON:
+            set_parameters (tb, h, 0, 0, 1, NULL, -1, -1);
+            return NO_BALANCING_NEEDED; /* no balancing for higher levels needed */
+
+        case NO_DISK_SPACE:
+        case REPEAT_SEARCH:
+            return n_ret_value;
+        default:   
+            reiserfs_panic(tb->tb_sb, "vs-8215: ip_check_balance: incorrect return value of get_empty_nodes");
+        }
+    }
+  
+    if ( (n_ret_value = get_parents (tb, h)) != CARRY_ON ) /* get parents of S[h] neighbors. */
+        return n_ret_value;
+  
+    sfree = B_FREE_SPACE (Sh);
+
+    /* get free space of neighbors */
+    rfree = get_rfree (tb, h);
+    lfree = get_lfree (tb, h);
+
+    if (can_node_be_removed (vn->vn_mode, lfree, sfree, rfree, tb, h) == NO_BALANCING_NEEDED)
+        /* and new item fits into node S[h] without any shifting */
+        return NO_BALANCING_NEEDED;
+     
+    create_virtual_node (tb, h);
+
+    /*  
+        determine maximal number of items we can shift to the left neighbor (in tb structure)
+        and the maximal number of bytes that can flow to the left neighbor
+        from the left most liquid item that cannot be shifted from S[0] entirely (returned value)
+    */
+    check_left (tb, h, lfree);
+
+    /*
+      determine maximal number of items we can shift to the right neighbor (in tb structure)
+      and the maximal number of bytes that can flow to the right neighbor
+      from the right most liquid item that cannot be shifted from S[0] entirely (returned value)
+    */
+    check_right (tb, h, rfree);
+
+
+    /* all contents of internal node S[h] can be moved into its
+       neighbors, S[h] will be removed after balancing */
+    if (h && (tb->rnum[h] + tb->lnum[h] >= vn->vn_nr_item + 1)) {
+        int to_r; 
+       
+        /* Since we are working on internal nodes, and our internal
+           nodes have fixed size entries, then we can balance by the
+           number of items rather than the space they consume.  In this
+           routine we set the left node equal to the right node,
+           allowing a difference of less than or equal to 1 child
+           pointer. */
+        to_r = ((MAX_NR_KEY(Sh)<<1)+2-tb->lnum[h]-tb->rnum[h]+vn->vn_nr_item+1)/2 - 
+            (MAX_NR_KEY(Sh) + 1 - tb->rnum[h]);
+        set_parameters (tb, h, vn->vn_nr_item + 1 - to_r, to_r, 0, NULL, -1, -1);
+        return CARRY_ON;
+    }
+
+    /* this checks balance condition, that any two neighboring nodes can not fit in one node */
+    RFALSE( h && 
+            ( tb->lnum[h] >= vn->vn_nr_item + 1 || 
+              tb->rnum[h] >= vn->vn_nr_item + 1),
+            "vs-8220: tree is not balanced on internal level");
+    RFALSE( ! h && ((tb->lnum[h] >= vn->vn_nr_item && (tb->lbytes == -1)) ||
+                    (tb->rnum[h] >= vn->vn_nr_item && (tb->rbytes == -1)) ),
+            "vs-8225: tree is not balanced on leaf level");
+
+    /* all contents of S[0] can be moved into its neighbors
+       S[0] will be removed after balancing. */
+    if (!h && is_leaf_removable (tb))
+        return CARRY_ON;
+
+
+    /* why do we perform this check here rather than earlier??
+       Answer: we can win 1 node in some cases above. Moreover we
+       checked it above, when we checked, that S[0] is not removable
+       in principle */
+    if (sfree >= levbytes) { /* new item fits into node S[h] without any shifting */
+        if ( ! h )
+            tb->s0num = vn->vn_nr_item;
+        set_parameters (tb, h, 0, 0, 1, NULL, -1, -1);
+        return NO_BALANCING_NEEDED;
+    }
+
+
+    {
+        int lpar, rpar, nset, lset, rset, lrset;
+        /* 
+         * regular overflowing of the node
+         */
+
+        /* get_num_ver works in 2 modes (FLOW & NO_FLOW) 
+           lpar, rpar - number of items we can shift to left/right neighbor (including splitting item)
+           nset, lset, rset, lrset - shows, whether flowing items give better packing 
+        */
+#define FLOW 1
+#define NO_FLOW 0       /* do not any splitting */
+
+        /* we choose one the following */
+#define NOTHING_SHIFT_NO_FLOW   0
+#define NOTHING_SHIFT_FLOW      5
+#define LEFT_SHIFT_NO_FLOW      10
+#define LEFT_SHIFT_FLOW         15
+#define RIGHT_SHIFT_NO_FLOW     20
+#define RIGHT_SHIFT_FLOW        25
+#define LR_SHIFT_NO_FLOW        30
+#define LR_SHIFT_FLOW           35
+
+
+        lpar = tb->lnum[h];
+        rpar = tb->rnum[h];
+
+
+        /* calculate number of blocks S[h] must be split into when
+           nothing is shifted to the neighbors,
+           as well as number of items in each part of the split node (s012 numbers),
+           and number of bytes (s1bytes) of the shared drop which flow to S1 if any */
+        nset = NOTHING_SHIFT_NO_FLOW;
+        nver = get_num_ver (vn->vn_mode, tb, h,
+                            0, -1, h?vn->vn_nr_item:0, -1, 
+                            snum012, NO_FLOW);
+
+        if (!h)
+        {
+            int nver1;
+
+            /* note, that in this case we try to bottle between S[0] and S1 (S1 - the first new node) */
+            nver1 = get_num_ver (vn->vn_mode, tb, h, 
+                                 0, -1, 0, -1, 
+                                 snum012 + NOTHING_SHIFT_FLOW, FLOW);
+            if (nver > nver1)
+                nset = NOTHING_SHIFT_FLOW, nver = nver1;
+        }
+       
+ 
+        /* calculate number of blocks S[h] must be split into when
+           l_shift_num first items and l_shift_bytes of the right most
+           liquid item to be shifted are shifted to the left neighbor,
+           as well as number of items in each part of the splitted node (s012 numbers),
+           and number of bytes (s1bytes) of the shared drop which flow to S1 if any
+        */
+        lset = LEFT_SHIFT_NO_FLOW;
+        lnver = get_num_ver (vn->vn_mode, tb, h, 
+                             lpar - (( h || tb->lbytes == -1 ) ? 0 : 1), -1, h ? vn->vn_nr_item:0, -1,
+                             snum012 + LEFT_SHIFT_NO_FLOW, NO_FLOW);
+        if (!h)
+        {
+            int lnver1;
+
+            lnver1 = get_num_ver (vn->vn_mode, tb, h, 
+                                  lpar - ((tb->lbytes != -1) ? 1 : 0), tb->lbytes, 0, -1,
+                                  snum012 + LEFT_SHIFT_FLOW, FLOW);
+            if (lnver > lnver1)
+                lset = LEFT_SHIFT_FLOW, lnver = lnver1;
+        }
+
+
+        /* calculate number of blocks S[h] must be split into when
+           r_shift_num first items and r_shift_bytes of the left most
+           liquid item to be shifted are shifted to the right neighbor,
+           as well as number of items in each part of the splitted node (s012 numbers),
+           and number of bytes (s1bytes) of the shared drop which flow to S1 if any
+        */
+        rset = RIGHT_SHIFT_NO_FLOW;
+        rnver = get_num_ver (vn->vn_mode, tb, h, 
+                             0, -1, h ? (vn->vn_nr_item-rpar) : (rpar - (( tb->rbytes != -1 ) ? 1 : 0)), -1, 
+                             snum012 + RIGHT_SHIFT_NO_FLOW, NO_FLOW);
+        if (!h)
+        {
+            int rnver1;
+
+            rnver1 = get_num_ver (vn->vn_mode, tb, h, 
+                                  0, -1, (rpar - ((tb->rbytes != -1) ? 1 : 0)), tb->rbytes, 
+                                  snum012 + RIGHT_SHIFT_FLOW, FLOW);
+
+            if (rnver > rnver1)
+                rset = RIGHT_SHIFT_FLOW, rnver = rnver1;
+        }
+
+
+        /* calculate number of blocks S[h] must be split into when
+           items are shifted in both directions,
+           as well as number of items in each part of the splitted node (s012 numbers),
+           and number of bytes (s1bytes) of the shared drop which flow to S1 if any
+        */
+        lrset = LR_SHIFT_NO_FLOW;
+        lrnver = get_num_ver (vn->vn_mode, tb, h, 
+                              lpar - ((h || tb->lbytes == -1) ? 0 : 1), -1, h ? (vn->vn_nr_item-rpar):(rpar - ((tb->rbytes != -1) ? 1 : 0)), -1,
+                              snum012 + LR_SHIFT_NO_FLOW, NO_FLOW);
+        if (!h)
+        {
+            int lrnver1;
+
+            lrnver1 = get_num_ver (vn->vn_mode, tb, h, 
+                                   lpar - ((tb->lbytes != -1) ? 1 : 0), tb->lbytes, (rpar - ((tb->rbytes != -1) ? 1 : 0)), tb->rbytes,
+                                   snum012 + LR_SHIFT_FLOW, FLOW);
+            if (lrnver > lrnver1)
+                lrset = LR_SHIFT_FLOW, lrnver = lrnver1;
+        }
+
+
+
+        /* Our general shifting strategy is:
+           1) to minimized number of new nodes;
+           2) to minimized number of neighbors involved in shifting;
+           3) to minimized number of disk reads; */
+
+        /* we can win TWO or ONE nodes by shifting in both directions */
+        if (lrnver < lnver && lrnver < rnver)
+        {
+            RFALSE( h && 
+                    (tb->lnum[h] != 1 || 
+                     tb->rnum[h] != 1 || 
+                     lrnver != 1 || rnver != 2 || lnver != 2 || h != 1),
+                    "vs-8230: bad h");
+            if (lrset == LR_SHIFT_FLOW)
+                set_parameters (tb, h, tb->lnum[h], tb->rnum[h], lrnver, snum012 + lrset,
+                                tb->lbytes, tb->rbytes);
+            else
+                set_parameters (tb, h, tb->lnum[h] - ((tb->lbytes == -1) ? 0 : 1), 
+                                tb->rnum[h] - ((tb->rbytes == -1) ? 0 : 1), lrnver, snum012 + lrset, -1, -1);
+
+            return CARRY_ON;
+        }
+
+        /* if shifting doesn't lead to better packing then don't shift */
+        if (nver == lrnver)
+        {
+            set_parameters (tb, h, 0, 0, nver, snum012 + nset, -1, -1);
+            return CARRY_ON;
+        }
+
+
+        /* now we know that for better packing shifting in only one
+           direction either to the left or to the right is required */
+
+        /*  if shifting to the left is better than shifting to the right */
+        if (lnver < rnver)
+        {
+            SET_PAR_SHIFT_LEFT;
+            return CARRY_ON;
+        }
+
+        /* if shifting to the right is better than shifting to the left */
+        if (lnver > rnver)
+        {
+            SET_PAR_SHIFT_RIGHT;
+            return CARRY_ON;
+        }
+
+
+        /* now shifting in either direction gives the same number
+           of nodes and we can make use of the cached neighbors */
+        if (is_left_neighbor_in_cache (tb,h))
+        {
+            SET_PAR_SHIFT_LEFT;
+            return CARRY_ON;
+        }
+
+        /* shift to the right independently on whether the right neighbor in cache or not */
+        SET_PAR_SHIFT_RIGHT;
+        return CARRY_ON;
+    }
+}
+
+
+/* Check whether current node S[h] is balanced when Decreasing its size by
+ * Deleting or Cutting for INTERNAL node of S+tree.
+ * Calculate parameters for balancing for current level h.
+ * Parameters:
+ *      tb      tree_balance structure;
+ *      h       current level of the node;
+ *      inum    item number in S[h];
+ *      mode    i - insert, p - paste;
+ * Returns:     1 - schedule occurred; 
+ *              0 - balancing for higher levels needed;
+ *             -1 - no balancing for higher levels needed;
+ *             -2 - no disk space.
+ *
+ * Note: Items of internal nodes have fixed size, so the balance condition for
+ * the internal part of S+tree is as for the B-trees.
+ */
+static int dc_check_balance_internal (struct tree_balance * tb, int h)
+{
+  struct virtual_node * vn = tb->tb_vn;
+
+  /* Sh is the node whose balance is currently being checked,
+     and Fh is its father.  */
+  struct buffer_head * Sh, * Fh;
+  int maxsize,
+      n_ret_value;
+  int lfree, rfree /* free space in L and R */;
+
+  Sh = PATH_H_PBUFFER (tb->tb_path, h); 
+  Fh = PATH_H_PPARENT (tb->tb_path, h); 
+
+  maxsize = MAX_CHILD_SIZE(Sh); 
+
+/*   using tb->insert_size[h], which is negative in this case, create_virtual_node calculates: */
+/*   new_nr_item = number of items node would have if operation is */
+/*      performed without balancing (new_nr_item); */
+  create_virtual_node (tb, h);
+
+  if ( ! Fh )
+    {   /* S[h] is the root. */
+      if ( vn->vn_nr_item > 0 )
+        {
+          set_parameters (tb, h, 0, 0, 1, NULL, -1, -1);
+          return NO_BALANCING_NEEDED; /* no balancing for higher levels needed */
+        }
+      /* new_nr_item == 0.
+       * Current root will be deleted resulting in
+       * decrementing the tree height. */
+      set_parameters (tb, h, 0, 0, 0, NULL, -1, -1);
+      return CARRY_ON;
+    }
+
+  if ( (n_ret_value = get_parents(tb,h)) != CARRY_ON )
+    return n_ret_value;
+
+
+  /* get free space of neighbors */
+  rfree = get_rfree (tb, h);
+  lfree = get_lfree (tb, h);
+                
+  /* determine maximal number of items we can fit into neighbors */
+  check_left (tb, h, lfree);
+  check_right (tb, h, rfree);
+
+
+  if ( vn->vn_nr_item >= MIN_NR_KEY(Sh) )
+    { /* Balance condition for the internal node is valid.
+       * In this case we balance only if it leads to better packing. */ 
+      if ( vn->vn_nr_item == MIN_NR_KEY(Sh) )
+        { /* Here we join S[h] with one of its neighbors,
+           * which is impossible with greater values of new_nr_item. */
+          if ( tb->lnum[h] >= vn->vn_nr_item + 1 )
+            {
+              /* All contents of S[h] can be moved to L[h]. */
+              int n;
+              int order_L;
+              
+              order_L = ((n=PATH_H_B_ITEM_ORDER(tb->tb_path, h))==0) ? B_NR_ITEMS(tb->FL[h]) : n - 1;
+              n = dc_size(B_N_CHILD(tb->FL[h],order_L)) / (DC_SIZE + KEY_SIZE);
+              set_parameters (tb, h, -n-1, 0, 0, NULL, -1, -1);
+              return CARRY_ON;
+            }
+
+          if ( tb->rnum[h] >= vn->vn_nr_item + 1 )
+            {
+              /* All contents of S[h] can be moved to R[h]. */
+              int n;
+              int order_R;
+            
+              order_R = ((n=PATH_H_B_ITEM_ORDER(tb->tb_path, h))==B_NR_ITEMS(Fh)) ? 0 : n + 1;
+              n = dc_size(B_N_CHILD(tb->FR[h],order_R)) / (DC_SIZE + KEY_SIZE);
+              set_parameters (tb, h, 0, -n-1, 0, NULL, -1, -1);
+              return CARRY_ON;   
+            }
+        }
+
+      if (tb->rnum[h] + tb->lnum[h] >= vn->vn_nr_item + 1)
+        {
+          /* All contents of S[h] can be moved to the neighbors (L[h] & R[h]). */
+          int to_r;
+
+          to_r = ((MAX_NR_KEY(Sh)<<1)+2-tb->lnum[h]-tb->rnum[h]+vn->vn_nr_item+1)/2 - 
+            (MAX_NR_KEY(Sh) + 1 - tb->rnum[h]);
+          set_parameters (tb, h, vn->vn_nr_item + 1 - to_r, to_r, 0, NULL, -1, -1);
+          return CARRY_ON;
+        }
+
+      /* Balancing does not lead to better packing. */
+      set_parameters (tb, h, 0, 0, 1, NULL, -1, -1);
+      return NO_BALANCING_NEEDED;
+    }
+
+  /* Current node contain insufficient number of items. Balancing is required. */       
+  /* Check whether we can merge S[h] with left neighbor. */
+  if (tb->lnum[h] >= vn->vn_nr_item + 1)
+    if (is_left_neighbor_in_cache (tb,h) || tb->rnum[h] < vn->vn_nr_item + 1 || !tb->FR[h])
+      {
+        int n;
+        int order_L;
+              
+        order_L = ((n=PATH_H_B_ITEM_ORDER(tb->tb_path, h))==0) ? B_NR_ITEMS(tb->FL[h]) : n - 1;
+        n = dc_size(B_N_CHILD(tb->FL[h],order_L)) / (DC_SIZE + KEY_SIZE);
+        set_parameters (tb, h, -n-1, 0, 0, NULL, -1, -1);
+        return CARRY_ON;
+      }
+
+  /* Check whether we can merge S[h] with right neighbor. */
+  if (tb->rnum[h] >= vn->vn_nr_item + 1)
+    {
+      int n;
+      int order_R;
+            
+      order_R = ((n=PATH_H_B_ITEM_ORDER(tb->tb_path, h))==B_NR_ITEMS(Fh)) ? 0 : (n + 1);
+      n = dc_size(B_N_CHILD(tb->FR[h],order_R)) / (DC_SIZE + KEY_SIZE);
+      set_parameters (tb, h, 0, -n-1, 0, NULL, -1, -1);
+      return CARRY_ON;   
+    }
+
+  /* All contents of S[h] can be moved to the neighbors (L[h] & R[h]). */
+  if (tb->rnum[h] + tb->lnum[h] >= vn->vn_nr_item + 1)
+    {
+      int to_r;
+            
+      to_r = ((MAX_NR_KEY(Sh)<<1)+2-tb->lnum[h]-tb->rnum[h]+vn->vn_nr_item+1)/2 - 
+        (MAX_NR_KEY(Sh) + 1 - tb->rnum[h]);
+      set_parameters (tb, h, vn->vn_nr_item + 1 - to_r, to_r, 0, NULL, -1, -1);
+      return CARRY_ON;
+    }
+
+  /* For internal nodes try to borrow item from a neighbor */
+  RFALSE( !tb->FL[h] && !tb->FR[h], "vs-8235: trying to borrow for root");
+
+  /* Borrow one or two items from caching neighbor */
+  if (is_left_neighbor_in_cache (tb,h) || !tb->FR[h])
+    {
+      int from_l;
+                
+      from_l = (MAX_NR_KEY(Sh) + 1 - tb->lnum[h] + vn->vn_nr_item + 1) / 2 -  (vn->vn_nr_item + 1);
+      set_parameters (tb, h, -from_l, 0, 1, NULL, -1, -1);
+      return CARRY_ON;
+    }
+
+  set_parameters (tb, h, 0, -((MAX_NR_KEY(Sh)+1-tb->rnum[h]+vn->vn_nr_item+1)/2-(vn->vn_nr_item+1)), 1, 
+                  NULL, -1, -1);
+  return CARRY_ON;
+}
+
+
+/* Check whether current node S[h] is balanced when Decreasing its size by
+ * Deleting or Truncating for LEAF node of S+tree.
+ * Calculate parameters for balancing for current level h.
+ * Parameters:
+ *      tb      tree_balance structure;
+ *      h       current level of the node;
+ *      inum    item number in S[h];
+ *      mode    i - insert, p - paste;
+ * Returns:     1 - schedule occurred; 
+ *              0 - balancing for higher levels needed;
+ *             -1 - no balancing for higher levels needed;
+ *             -2 - no disk space.
+ */
+static int dc_check_balance_leaf (struct tree_balance * tb, int h)
+{
+  struct virtual_node * vn = tb->tb_vn;
+
+  /* Number of bytes that must be deleted from
+     (value is negative if bytes are deleted) buffer which
+     contains node being balanced.  The mnemonic is that the
+     attempted change in node space used level is levbytes bytes. */
+  int levbytes;
+  /* the maximal item size */
+  int maxsize,
+      n_ret_value;
+  /* S0 is the node whose balance is currently being checked,
+     and F0 is its father.  */
+  struct buffer_head * S0, * F0;
+  int lfree, rfree /* free space in L and R */;
+
+  S0 = PATH_H_PBUFFER (tb->tb_path, 0);
+  F0 = PATH_H_PPARENT (tb->tb_path, 0);
+
+  levbytes = tb->insert_size[h];
+
+  maxsize = MAX_CHILD_SIZE(S0);         /* maximal possible size of an item */
+
+  if ( ! F0 )
+    {  /* S[0] is the root now. */
+
+      RFALSE( -levbytes >= maxsize - B_FREE_SPACE (S0),
+              "vs-8240: attempt to create empty buffer tree");
+
+      set_parameters (tb, h, 0, 0, 1, NULL, -1, -1);
+      return NO_BALANCING_NEEDED;
+    }
+
+  if ( (n_ret_value = get_parents(tb,h)) != CARRY_ON )
+    return n_ret_value;
+
+  /* get free space of neighbors */
+  rfree = get_rfree (tb, h);
+  lfree = get_lfree (tb, h);            
+
+  create_virtual_node (tb, h);
+
+  /* if 3 leaves can be merge to one, set parameters and return */
+  if (are_leaves_removable (tb, lfree, rfree))
+    return CARRY_ON;
+
+  /* determine maximal number of items we can shift to the left/right  neighbor
+     and the maximal number of bytes that can flow to the left/right neighbor
+     from the left/right most liquid item that cannot be shifted from S[0] entirely
+     */
+  check_left (tb, h, lfree);
+  check_right (tb, h, rfree);   
+
+  /* check whether we can merge S with left neighbor. */
+  if (tb->lnum[0] >= vn->vn_nr_item && tb->lbytes == -1)
+    if (is_left_neighbor_in_cache (tb,h) ||
+        ((tb->rnum[0] - ((tb->rbytes == -1) ? 0 : 1)) < vn->vn_nr_item) || /* S can not be merged with R */
+        !tb->FR[h]) {
+      
+      RFALSE( !tb->FL[h], "vs-8245: dc_check_balance_leaf: FL[h] must exist");
+
+      /* set parameter to merge S[0] with its left neighbor */
+      set_parameters (tb, h, -1, 0, 0, NULL, -1, -1);
+      return CARRY_ON;
+    }
+
+  /* check whether we can merge S[0] with right neighbor. */
+  if (tb->rnum[0] >= vn->vn_nr_item && tb->rbytes == -1) {
+    set_parameters (tb, h, 0, -1, 0, NULL, -1, -1);
+    return CARRY_ON;
+  }
+  
+  /* All contents of S[0] can be moved to the neighbors (L[0] & R[0]). Set parameters and return */
+  if (is_leaf_removable (tb))
+    return CARRY_ON;
+  
+  /* Balancing is not required. */
+  tb->s0num = vn->vn_nr_item;
+  set_parameters (tb, h, 0, 0, 1, NULL, -1, -1);
+  return NO_BALANCING_NEEDED;
+}
+
+
+
+/* Check whether current node S[h] is balanced when Decreasing its size by
+ * Deleting or Cutting.
+ * Calculate parameters for balancing for current level h.
+ * Parameters:
+ *      tb      tree_balance structure;
+ *      h       current level of the node;
+ *      inum    item number in S[h];
+ *      mode    d - delete, c - cut.
+ * Returns:     1 - schedule occurred; 
+ *              0 - balancing for higher levels needed;
+ *             -1 - no balancing for higher levels needed;
+ *             -2 - no disk space.
+ */
+static int dc_check_balance (struct tree_balance * tb, int h)
+{
+ RFALSE( ! (PATH_H_PBUFFER (tb->tb_path, h)), "vs-8250: S is not initialized");
+
+ if ( h )
+   return dc_check_balance_internal (tb, h);
+ else
+   return dc_check_balance_leaf (tb, h);
+}
+
+
+
+/* Check whether current node S[h] is balanced.
+ * Calculate parameters for balancing for current level h.
+ * Parameters:
+ *
+ *      tb      tree_balance structure:
+ *
+ *              tb is a large structure that must be read about in the header file
+ *              at the same time as this procedure if the reader is to successfully
+ *              understand this procedure
+ *
+ *      h       current level of the node;
+ *      inum    item number in S[h];
+ *      mode    i - insert, p - paste, d - delete, c - cut.
+ * Returns:     1 - schedule occurred; 
+ *              0 - balancing for higher levels needed;
+ *             -1 - no balancing for higher levels needed;
+ *             -2 - no disk space.
+ */
+static int check_balance (int mode, 
+                          struct tree_balance * tb,
+                          int h, 
+                          int inum,
+                          int pos_in_item,
+                          struct item_head * ins_ih,
+                          const void * data
+                          )
+{
+  struct virtual_node * vn;
+
+  vn = tb->tb_vn = (struct virtual_node *)(tb->vn_buf);
+  vn->vn_free_ptr = (char *)(tb->tb_vn + 1);
+  vn->vn_mode = mode;
+  vn->vn_affected_item_num = inum;
+  vn->vn_pos_in_item = pos_in_item;
+  vn->vn_ins_ih = ins_ih;
+  vn->vn_data = data;
+
+  RFALSE( mode == M_INSERT && !vn->vn_ins_ih,
+          "vs-8255: ins_ih can not be 0 in insert mode");
+
+ if ( tb->insert_size[h] > 0 )
+   /* Calculate balance parameters when size of node is increasing. */
+   return ip_check_balance (tb, h);
+
+ /* Calculate balance parameters when  size of node is decreasing. */
+ return dc_check_balance (tb, h);
+}
+
+
+
+/* Check whether parent at the path is the really parent of the current node.*/
+static int  get_direct_parent(
+              struct tree_balance * p_s_tb,
+              int                   n_h
+            ) {
+    struct buffer_head  * p_s_bh;
+    struct path         * p_s_path      = p_s_tb->tb_path;
+    int                   n_position,
+        n_path_offset = PATH_H_PATH_OFFSET(p_s_tb->tb_path, n_h);
+    
+    /* We are in the root or in the new root. */
+    if ( n_path_offset <= FIRST_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET ) {
+        
+        RFALSE( n_path_offset < FIRST_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET - 1,
+                "PAP-8260: invalid offset in the path");
+
+        if ( PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(p_s_path, FIRST_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET)->b_blocknr ==
+             SB_ROOT_BLOCK (p_s_tb->tb_sb) ) {
+            /* Root is not changed. */
+            PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(p_s_path, n_path_offset - 1) = NULL;
+            PATH_OFFSET_POSITION(p_s_path, n_path_offset - 1) = 0;
+            return CARRY_ON;
+        }
+        return REPEAT_SEARCH; /* Root is changed and we must recalculate the path. */
+    }
+
+    if ( ! B_IS_IN_TREE(p_s_bh = PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(p_s_path, n_path_offset - 1)) )
+        return REPEAT_SEARCH; /* Parent in the path is not in the tree. */
+
+    if ( (n_position = PATH_OFFSET_POSITION(p_s_path, n_path_offset - 1)) > B_NR_ITEMS(p_s_bh) )
+        return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+    
+    if ( B_N_CHILD_NUM(p_s_bh, n_position) != PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(p_s_path, n_path_offset)->b_blocknr )
+        /* Parent in the path is not parent of the current node in the tree. */
+        return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+
+    if ( buffer_locked(p_s_bh) ) {
+        __wait_on_buffer(p_s_bh);
+        if ( FILESYSTEM_CHANGED_TB (p_s_tb) )
+            return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+    }
+
+    return CARRY_ON; /* Parent in the path is unlocked and really parent of the current node.  */
+}
+
+
+/* Using lnum[n_h] and rnum[n_h] we should determine what neighbors
+ * of S[n_h] we
+ * need in order to balance S[n_h], and get them if necessary.
+ * Returns:     SCHEDULE_OCCURRED - schedule occurred while the function worked;
+ *              CARRY_ON - schedule didn't occur while the function worked;
+ */
+static int  get_neighbors(
+                    struct tree_balance * p_s_tb,
+                    int                   n_h
+                  ) {
+    int                 n_child_position,
+        n_path_offset = PATH_H_PATH_OFFSET(p_s_tb->tb_path, n_h + 1);
+    unsigned long               n_son_number;
+    struct super_block  *       p_s_sb = p_s_tb->tb_sb;
+    struct buffer_head  * p_s_bh;
+
+
+    PROC_INFO_INC( p_s_sb, get_neighbors[ n_h ] );
+
+    if ( p_s_tb->lnum[n_h] ) {
+        /* We need left neighbor to balance S[n_h]. */
+        PROC_INFO_INC( p_s_sb, need_l_neighbor[ n_h ] );
+        p_s_bh = PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(p_s_tb->tb_path, n_path_offset);
+        
+        RFALSE( p_s_bh == p_s_tb->FL[n_h] && 
+                ! PATH_OFFSET_POSITION(p_s_tb->tb_path, n_path_offset),
+                "PAP-8270: invalid position in the parent");
+
+        n_child_position = ( p_s_bh == p_s_tb->FL[n_h] ) ? p_s_tb->lkey[n_h] : B_NR_ITEMS (p_s_tb->FL[n_h]);
+        n_son_number = B_N_CHILD_NUM(p_s_tb->FL[n_h], n_child_position);
+        p_s_bh = sb_bread(p_s_sb, n_son_number);
+        if (!p_s_bh)
+            return IO_ERROR;
+        if ( FILESYSTEM_CHANGED_TB (p_s_tb) ) {
+            decrement_bcount(p_s_bh);
+            PROC_INFO_INC( p_s_sb, get_neighbors_restart[ n_h ] );
+            return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+        }
+        
+        RFALSE( ! B_IS_IN_TREE(p_s_tb->FL[n_h]) ||
+                n_child_position > B_NR_ITEMS(p_s_tb->FL[n_h]) ||
+                B_N_CHILD_NUM(p_s_tb->FL[n_h], n_child_position) !=
+                p_s_bh->b_blocknr, "PAP-8275: invalid parent");
+        RFALSE( ! B_IS_IN_TREE(p_s_bh), "PAP-8280: invalid child");
+        RFALSE( ! n_h &&
+                B_FREE_SPACE (p_s_bh) != MAX_CHILD_SIZE (p_s_bh) - dc_size(B_N_CHILD (p_s_tb->FL[0],n_child_position)),
+                "PAP-8290: invalid child size of left neighbor");
+
+        decrement_bcount(p_s_tb->L[n_h]);
+        p_s_tb->L[n_h] = p_s_bh;
+    }
+
+
+    if ( p_s_tb->rnum[n_h] ) { /* We need right neighbor to balance S[n_path_offset]. */
+        PROC_INFO_INC( p_s_sb, need_r_neighbor[ n_h ] );
+        p_s_bh = PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(p_s_tb->tb_path, n_path_offset);
+        
+        RFALSE( p_s_bh == p_s_tb->FR[n_h] && 
+                PATH_OFFSET_POSITION(p_s_tb->tb_path, n_path_offset) >= B_NR_ITEMS(p_s_bh),
+                "PAP-8295: invalid position in the parent");
+
+        n_child_position = ( p_s_bh == p_s_tb->FR[n_h] ) ? p_s_tb->rkey[n_h] + 1 : 0;
+        n_son_number = B_N_CHILD_NUM(p_s_tb->FR[n_h], n_child_position);
+        p_s_bh = sb_bread(p_s_sb, n_son_number);
+        if (!p_s_bh)
+            return IO_ERROR;
+        if ( FILESYSTEM_CHANGED_TB (p_s_tb) ) {
+            decrement_bcount(p_s_bh);
+            PROC_INFO_INC( p_s_sb, get_neighbors_restart[ n_h ] );
+            return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+        }
+        decrement_bcount(p_s_tb->R[n_h]);
+        p_s_tb->R[n_h] = p_s_bh;
+
+        RFALSE( ! n_h && B_FREE_SPACE (p_s_bh) != MAX_CHILD_SIZE (p_s_bh) - dc_size(B_N_CHILD (p_s_tb->FR[0],n_child_position)),
+                "PAP-8300: invalid child size of right neighbor (%d != %d - %d)",
+                B_FREE_SPACE (p_s_bh), MAX_CHILD_SIZE (p_s_bh),
+                dc_size(B_N_CHILD (p_s_tb->FR[0],n_child_position)));
+        
+    }
+    return CARRY_ON;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+void * reiserfs_kmalloc (size_t size, int flags, struct super_block * s)
+{
+    void * vp;
+    static size_t malloced;
+
+
+    vp = kmalloc (size, flags);
+    if (vp) {
+        REISERFS_SB(s)->s_kmallocs += size;
+        if (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_kmallocs > malloced + 200000) {
+            reiserfs_warning (s,
+                              "vs-8301: reiserfs_kmalloc: allocated memory %d",
+                              REISERFS_SB(s)->s_kmallocs);
+            malloced = REISERFS_SB(s)->s_kmallocs;
+        }
+    }
+    return vp;
+}
+
+void reiserfs_kfree (const void * vp, size_t size, struct super_block * s)
+{
+    kfree (vp);
+  
+    REISERFS_SB(s)->s_kmallocs -= size;
+    if (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_kmallocs < 0)
+        reiserfs_warning (s, "vs-8302: reiserfs_kfree: allocated memory %d",
+                          REISERFS_SB(s)->s_kmallocs);
+
+}
+#endif
+
+
+static int get_virtual_node_size (struct super_block * sb, struct buffer_head * bh)
+{
+    int max_num_of_items;
+    int max_num_of_entries;
+    unsigned long blocksize = sb->s_blocksize;
+
+#define MIN_NAME_LEN 1
+
+    max_num_of_items = (blocksize - BLKH_SIZE) / (IH_SIZE + MIN_ITEM_LEN);
+    max_num_of_entries = (blocksize - BLKH_SIZE - IH_SIZE) / 
+                         (DEH_SIZE + MIN_NAME_LEN);
+
+    return sizeof(struct virtual_node) + 
+           max(max_num_of_items * sizeof (struct virtual_item),
+               sizeof (struct virtual_item) + sizeof(struct direntry_uarea) + 
+               (max_num_of_entries - 1) * sizeof (__u16));
+}
+
+
+
+/* maybe we should fail balancing we are going to perform when kmalloc
+   fails several times. But now it will loop until kmalloc gets
+   required memory */
+static int get_mem_for_virtual_node (struct tree_balance * tb)
+{
+    int check_fs = 0;
+    int size;
+    char * buf;
+
+    size = get_virtual_node_size (tb->tb_sb, PATH_PLAST_BUFFER (tb->tb_path));
+
+    if (size > tb->vn_buf_size) {
+        /* we have to allocate more memory for virtual node */
+        if (tb->vn_buf) {
+            /* free memory allocated before */
+            reiserfs_kfree (tb->vn_buf, tb->vn_buf_size, tb->tb_sb);
+            /* this is not needed if kfree is atomic */
+            check_fs = 1;
+        }
+
+        /* virtual node requires now more memory */
+        tb->vn_buf_size = size;
+
+        /* get memory for virtual item */
+        buf = reiserfs_kmalloc(size, GFP_ATOMIC | __GFP_NOWARN, tb->tb_sb);
+        if ( ! buf ) {
+            /* getting memory with GFP_KERNEL priority may involve
+               balancing now (due to indirect_to_direct conversion on
+               dcache shrinking). So, release path and collected
+               resources here */
+            free_buffers_in_tb (tb);
+            buf = reiserfs_kmalloc(size, GFP_NOFS, tb->tb_sb);
+            if ( !buf ) {
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+                reiserfs_warning (tb->tb_sb,
+                                  "vs-8345: get_mem_for_virtual_node: "
+                                  "kmalloc failed. reiserfs kmalloced %d bytes",
+                                  REISERFS_SB(tb->tb_sb)->s_kmallocs);
+#endif
+                tb->vn_buf_size = 0;
+            }
+            tb->vn_buf = buf;
+            schedule() ;
+            return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+        }
+
+        tb->vn_buf = buf;
+    }
+
+    if ( check_fs && FILESYSTEM_CHANGED_TB (tb) )
+        return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+
+    return CARRY_ON;
+}
+
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+static void tb_buffer_sanity_check (struct super_block * p_s_sb,
+                                    struct buffer_head * p_s_bh, 
+                                    const char *descr, int level) {
+  if (p_s_bh) {
+    if (atomic_read (&(p_s_bh->b_count)) <= 0) {
+
+      reiserfs_panic (p_s_sb, "jmacd-1: tb_buffer_sanity_check(): negative or zero reference counter for buffer %s[%d] (%b)\n", descr, level, p_s_bh);
+    }
+
+    if ( ! buffer_uptodate (p_s_bh) ) {
+      reiserfs_panic (p_s_sb, "jmacd-2: tb_buffer_sanity_check(): buffer is not up to date %s[%d] (%b)\n", descr, level, p_s_bh);
+    }
+
+    if ( ! B_IS_IN_TREE (p_s_bh) ) {
+      reiserfs_panic (p_s_sb, "jmacd-3: tb_buffer_sanity_check(): buffer is not in tree %s[%d] (%b)\n", descr, level, p_s_bh);
+    }
+
+    if (p_s_bh->b_bdev != p_s_sb->s_bdev) {
+        reiserfs_panic (p_s_sb, "jmacd-4: tb_buffer_sanity_check(): buffer has wrong device %s[%d] (%b)\n", descr, level, p_s_bh);
+    }
+
+    if (p_s_bh->b_size != p_s_sb->s_blocksize) {
+        reiserfs_panic (p_s_sb, "jmacd-5: tb_buffer_sanity_check(): buffer has wrong blocksize %s[%d] (%b)\n", descr, level, p_s_bh);
+    }
+
+    if (p_s_bh->b_blocknr > SB_BLOCK_COUNT(p_s_sb)) {
+        reiserfs_panic (p_s_sb, "jmacd-6: tb_buffer_sanity_check(): buffer block number too high %s[%d] (%b)\n", descr, level, p_s_bh);
+    }
+  }
+}
+#else
+static void tb_buffer_sanity_check (struct super_block * p_s_sb,
+                                    struct buffer_head * p_s_bh, 
+                                    const char *descr, int level)
+{;}
+#endif
+
+static int clear_all_dirty_bits(struct super_block *s,
+                                 struct buffer_head *bh) {
+  return reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(s, bh, 0) ;
+}
+
+static int wait_tb_buffers_until_unlocked (struct tree_balance * p_s_tb)
+{
+    struct buffer_head * locked;
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+    int repeat_counter = 0;
+#endif
+    int i;
+
+    do {
+
+        locked = NULL;
+
+        for ( i = p_s_tb->tb_path->path_length; !locked && i > ILLEGAL_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET; i-- ) {
+            if ( PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER (p_s_tb->tb_path, i) ) {
+                /* if I understand correctly, we can only be sure the last buffer
+                ** in the path is in the tree --clm
+                */
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+                if (PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(p_s_tb->tb_path) ==
+                    PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(p_s_tb->tb_path, i)) {
+                    tb_buffer_sanity_check (p_s_tb->tb_sb, 
+                                            PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER (p_s_tb->tb_path, i), 
+                                            "S", 
+                                            p_s_tb->tb_path->path_length - i);
+                }
+#endif
+                if (!clear_all_dirty_bits(p_s_tb->tb_sb,
+                                     PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER (p_s_tb->tb_path, i)))
+                {
+                    locked = PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER (p_s_tb->tb_path, i);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        for ( i = 0; !locked && i < MAX_HEIGHT && p_s_tb->insert_size[i]; i++ ) { 
+
+            if (p_s_tb->lnum[i] ) {
+
+                if ( p_s_tb->L[i] ) {
+                    tb_buffer_sanity_check (p_s_tb->tb_sb, p_s_tb->L[i], "L", i);
+                    if (!clear_all_dirty_bits(p_s_tb->tb_sb, p_s_tb->L[i]))
+                        locked = p_s_tb->L[i];
+                }
+
+                if ( !locked && p_s_tb->FL[i] ) {
+                    tb_buffer_sanity_check (p_s_tb->tb_sb, p_s_tb->FL[i], "FL", i);
+                    if (!clear_all_dirty_bits(p_s_tb->tb_sb, p_s_tb->FL[i]))
+                        locked = p_s_tb->FL[i];
+                }
+
+                if ( !locked && p_s_tb->CFL[i] ) {
+                    tb_buffer_sanity_check (p_s_tb->tb_sb, p_s_tb->CFL[i], "CFL", i);
+                    if (!clear_all_dirty_bits(p_s_tb->tb_sb, p_s_tb->CFL[i]))
+                        locked = p_s_tb->CFL[i];
+                }
+
+            }
+
+            if ( !locked && (p_s_tb->rnum[i]) ) {
+
+                if ( p_s_tb->R[i] ) {
+                    tb_buffer_sanity_check (p_s_tb->tb_sb, p_s_tb->R[i], "R", i);
+                    if (!clear_all_dirty_bits(p_s_tb->tb_sb, p_s_tb->R[i]))
+                        locked = p_s_tb->R[i];
+                }
+
+       
+                if ( !locked && p_s_tb->FR[i] ) {
+                    tb_buffer_sanity_check (p_s_tb->tb_sb, p_s_tb->FR[i], "FR", i);
+                    if (!clear_all_dirty_bits(p_s_tb->tb_sb, p_s_tb->FR[i]))
+                        locked = p_s_tb->FR[i];
+                }
+
+                if ( !locked && p_s_tb->CFR[i] ) {
+                    tb_buffer_sanity_check (p_s_tb->tb_sb, p_s_tb->CFR[i], "CFR", i);
+                    if (!clear_all_dirty_bits(p_s_tb->tb_sb, p_s_tb->CFR[i]))
+                        locked = p_s_tb->CFR[i];
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        /* as far as I can tell, this is not required.  The FEB list seems
+        ** to be full of newly allocated nodes, which will never be locked,
+        ** dirty, or anything else.
+        ** To be safe, I'm putting in the checks and waits in.  For the moment,
+        ** they are needed to keep the code in journal.c from complaining
+        ** about the buffer.  That code is inside CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK as well.
+        ** --clm
+        */
+        for ( i = 0; !locked && i < MAX_FEB_SIZE; i++ ) { 
+            if ( p_s_tb->FEB[i] ) {
+                if (!clear_all_dirty_bits(p_s_tb->tb_sb, p_s_tb->FEB[i]))
+                    locked = p_s_tb->FEB[i] ;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (locked) {
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+            repeat_counter++;
+            if ( (repeat_counter % 10000) == 0) {
+                reiserfs_warning (p_s_tb->tb_sb,
+                                  "wait_tb_buffers_until_released(): too many "
+                                  "iterations waiting for buffer to unlock "
+                                  "(%b)", locked);
+
+                /* Don't loop forever.  Try to recover from possible error. */
+
+                return ( FILESYSTEM_CHANGED_TB (p_s_tb) ) ? REPEAT_SEARCH : CARRY_ON;
+            }
+#endif
+            __wait_on_buffer (locked);
+            if ( FILESYSTEM_CHANGED_TB (p_s_tb) ) {
+                return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+            }
+        }
+
+    } while (locked);
+
+    return CARRY_ON;
+}
+
+
+/* Prepare for balancing, that is
+ *      get all necessary parents, and neighbors;
+ *      analyze what and where should be moved;
+ *      get sufficient number of new nodes;
+ * Balancing will start only after all resources will be collected at a time.
+ * 
+ * When ported to SMP kernels, only at the last moment after all needed nodes
+ * are collected in cache, will the resources be locked using the usual
+ * textbook ordered lock acquisition algorithms.  Note that ensuring that
+ * this code neither write locks what it does not need to write lock nor locks out of order
+ * will be a pain in the butt that could have been avoided.  Grumble grumble. -Hans
+ * 
+ * fix is meant in the sense of render unchanging
+ * 
+ * Latency might be improved by first gathering a list of what buffers are needed
+ * and then getting as many of them in parallel as possible? -Hans
+ *
+ * Parameters:
+ *      op_mode i - insert, d - delete, c - cut (truncate), p - paste (append)
+ *      tb      tree_balance structure;
+ *      inum    item number in S[h];
+ *      pos_in_item - comment this if you can
+ *      ins_ih & ins_sd are used when inserting
+ * Returns:     1 - schedule occurred while the function worked;
+ *              0 - schedule didn't occur while the function worked;
+ *             -1 - if no_disk_space 
+ */
+
+
+int fix_nodes (int n_op_mode,
+               struct tree_balance *    p_s_tb,
+               struct item_head * p_s_ins_ih, // item head of item being inserted
+               const void * data // inserted item or data to be pasted
+    ) {
+    int n_ret_value,
+        n_h,
+        n_item_num = PATH_LAST_POSITION(p_s_tb->tb_path);
+    int n_pos_in_item;
+
+    /* we set wait_tb_buffers_run when we have to restore any dirty bits cleared
+    ** during wait_tb_buffers_run
+    */
+    int wait_tb_buffers_run = 0 ; 
+    struct buffer_head  * p_s_tbS0 = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(p_s_tb->tb_path);
+
+    ++ REISERFS_SB(p_s_tb -> tb_sb) -> s_fix_nodes;
+
+    n_pos_in_item = p_s_tb->tb_path->pos_in_item;
+
+
+    p_s_tb->fs_gen = get_generation (p_s_tb->tb_sb);
+
+    /* we prepare and log the super here so it will already be in the
+    ** transaction when do_balance needs to change it.
+    ** This way do_balance won't have to schedule when trying to prepare
+    ** the super for logging
+    */
+    reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(p_s_tb->tb_sb, 
+                                 SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(p_s_tb->tb_sb), 1) ;
+    journal_mark_dirty(p_s_tb->transaction_handle, p_s_tb->tb_sb, 
+                       SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(p_s_tb->tb_sb)) ;
+    if ( FILESYSTEM_CHANGED_TB (p_s_tb) )
+        return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+
+    /* if it possible in indirect_to_direct conversion */
+    if (buffer_locked (p_s_tbS0)) {
+        __wait_on_buffer (p_s_tbS0);
+        if ( FILESYSTEM_CHANGED_TB (p_s_tb) )
+            return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+    }
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+    if ( cur_tb ) {
+        print_cur_tb ("fix_nodes");
+        reiserfs_panic(p_s_tb->tb_sb,"PAP-8305: fix_nodes:  there is pending do_balance");
+    }
+
+    if (!buffer_uptodate (p_s_tbS0) || !B_IS_IN_TREE (p_s_tbS0)) {
+        reiserfs_panic (p_s_tb->tb_sb, "PAP-8320: fix_nodes: S[0] (%b %z) is not uptodate "
+                        "at the beginning of fix_nodes or not in tree (mode %c)", p_s_tbS0, p_s_tbS0, n_op_mode);
+    }
+
+    /* Check parameters. */
+    switch (n_op_mode) {
+    case M_INSERT:
+        if ( n_item_num <= 0 || n_item_num > B_NR_ITEMS(p_s_tbS0) )
+            reiserfs_panic(p_s_tb->tb_sb,"PAP-8330: fix_nodes: Incorrect item number %d (in S0 - %d) in case of insert",
+                           n_item_num, B_NR_ITEMS(p_s_tbS0));
+        break;
+    case M_PASTE:
+    case M_DELETE:
+    case M_CUT:
+        if ( n_item_num < 0 || n_item_num >= B_NR_ITEMS(p_s_tbS0) ) {
+            print_block (p_s_tbS0, 0, -1, -1);
+            reiserfs_panic(p_s_tb->tb_sb,"PAP-8335: fix_nodes: Incorrect item number(%d); mode = %c insert_size = %d\n", n_item_num, n_op_mode, p_s_tb->insert_size[0]);
+        }
+        break;
+    default:
+        reiserfs_panic(p_s_tb->tb_sb,"PAP-8340: fix_nodes: Incorrect mode of operation");
+    }
+#endif
+
+    if (get_mem_for_virtual_node (p_s_tb) == REPEAT_SEARCH)
+        // FIXME: maybe -ENOMEM when tb->vn_buf == 0? Now just repeat
+        return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+
+
+    /* Starting from the leaf level; for all levels n_h of the tree. */
+    for ( n_h = 0; n_h < MAX_HEIGHT && p_s_tb->insert_size[n_h]; n_h++ ) { 
+        if ( (n_ret_value = get_direct_parent(p_s_tb, n_h)) != CARRY_ON ) {
+            goto repeat;
+        }
+
+        if ( (n_ret_value = check_balance (n_op_mode, p_s_tb, n_h, n_item_num,
+                                           n_pos_in_item, p_s_ins_ih, data)) != CARRY_ON ) {
+            if ( n_ret_value == NO_BALANCING_NEEDED ) {
+                /* No balancing for higher levels needed. */
+                if ( (n_ret_value = get_neighbors(p_s_tb, n_h)) != CARRY_ON ) {
+                    goto repeat;
+                }
+                if ( n_h != MAX_HEIGHT - 1 )  
+                    p_s_tb->insert_size[n_h + 1] = 0;
+                /* ok, analysis and resource gathering are complete */
+                break;
+            }
+            goto repeat;
+        }
+
+        if ( (n_ret_value = get_neighbors(p_s_tb, n_h)) != CARRY_ON ) {
+            goto repeat;
+        }
+
+        if ( (n_ret_value = get_empty_nodes(p_s_tb, n_h)) != CARRY_ON ) {
+            goto repeat;        /* No disk space, or schedule occurred and
+                                   analysis may be invalid and needs to be redone. */
+        }
+    
+        if ( ! PATH_H_PBUFFER(p_s_tb->tb_path, n_h) ) {
+            /* We have a positive insert size but no nodes exist on this
+               level, this means that we are creating a new root. */
+
+            RFALSE( p_s_tb->blknum[n_h] != 1,
+                    "PAP-8350: creating new empty root");
+
+            if ( n_h < MAX_HEIGHT - 1 )
+                p_s_tb->insert_size[n_h + 1] = 0;
+        }
+        else
+            if ( ! PATH_H_PBUFFER(p_s_tb->tb_path, n_h + 1) ) {
+                if ( p_s_tb->blknum[n_h] > 1 ) {
+                    /* The tree needs to be grown, so this node S[n_h]
+                       which is the root node is split into two nodes,
+                       and a new node (S[n_h+1]) will be created to
+                       become the root node.  */
+          
+                    RFALSE( n_h == MAX_HEIGHT - 1,
+                            "PAP-8355: attempt to create too high of a tree");
+
+                    p_s_tb->insert_size[n_h + 1] = (DC_SIZE + KEY_SIZE) * (p_s_tb->blknum[n_h] - 1) + DC_SIZE;
+                }
+                else
+                    if ( n_h < MAX_HEIGHT - 1 )
+                        p_s_tb->insert_size[n_h + 1] = 0;
+            }
+            else
+                p_s_tb->insert_size[n_h + 1] = (DC_SIZE + KEY_SIZE) * (p_s_tb->blknum[n_h] - 1);
+    }
+
+    if ((n_ret_value = wait_tb_buffers_until_unlocked (p_s_tb)) == CARRY_ON) {
+        if (FILESYSTEM_CHANGED_TB(p_s_tb)) {
+            wait_tb_buffers_run = 1 ;
+            n_ret_value = REPEAT_SEARCH ;
+            goto repeat; 
+        } else {
+            return CARRY_ON;
+        }
+    } else {
+        wait_tb_buffers_run = 1 ;
+        goto repeat; 
+    }
+
+ repeat:
+    // fix_nodes was unable to perform its calculation due to
+    // filesystem got changed under us, lack of free disk space or i/o
+    // failure. If the first is the case - the search will be
+    // repeated. For now - free all resources acquired so far except
+    // for the new allocated nodes
+    {
+        int i;
+
+        /* Release path buffers. */
+        if (wait_tb_buffers_run) {
+            pathrelse_and_restore(p_s_tb->tb_sb, p_s_tb->tb_path) ;
+        } else {
+            pathrelse (p_s_tb->tb_path);
+        }       
+        /* brelse all resources collected for balancing */
+        for ( i = 0; i < MAX_HEIGHT; i++ ) {
+            if (wait_tb_buffers_run) {
+                reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(p_s_tb->tb_sb, p_s_tb->L[i]);
+                reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(p_s_tb->tb_sb, p_s_tb->R[i]);
+                reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(p_s_tb->tb_sb, p_s_tb->FL[i]);
+                reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(p_s_tb->tb_sb, p_s_tb->FR[i]);
+                reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(p_s_tb->tb_sb, p_s_tb->CFL[i]);
+                reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(p_s_tb->tb_sb, p_s_tb->CFR[i]);
+            }
+
+            brelse (p_s_tb->L[i]);p_s_tb->L[i] = NULL;
+            brelse (p_s_tb->R[i]);p_s_tb->R[i] = NULL;
+            brelse (p_s_tb->FL[i]);p_s_tb->FL[i] = NULL;
+            brelse (p_s_tb->FR[i]);p_s_tb->FR[i] = NULL;
+            brelse (p_s_tb->CFL[i]);p_s_tb->CFL[i] = NULL;
+            brelse (p_s_tb->CFR[i]);p_s_tb->CFR[i] = NULL;
+        }
+
+        if (wait_tb_buffers_run) {
+            for ( i = 0; i < MAX_FEB_SIZE; i++ ) { 
+                if ( p_s_tb->FEB[i] ) {
+                    reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(p_s_tb->tb_sb, 
+                                                     p_s_tb->FEB[i]) ;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return n_ret_value;
+    }
+
+}
+
+
+/* Anatoly will probably forgive me renaming p_s_tb to tb. I just
+   wanted to make lines shorter */
+void unfix_nodes (struct tree_balance * tb)
+{
+    int i;
+
+    /* Release path buffers. */
+    pathrelse_and_restore (tb->tb_sb, tb->tb_path);
+
+    /* brelse all resources collected for balancing */
+    for ( i = 0; i < MAX_HEIGHT; i++ ) {
+        reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer (tb->tb_sb, tb->L[i]);
+        reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer (tb->tb_sb, tb->R[i]);
+        reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer (tb->tb_sb, tb->FL[i]);
+        reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer (tb->tb_sb, tb->FR[i]);
+        reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer (tb->tb_sb, tb->CFL[i]);
+        reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer (tb->tb_sb, tb->CFR[i]);
+
+        brelse (tb->L[i]);
+        brelse (tb->R[i]);
+        brelse (tb->FL[i]);
+        brelse (tb->FR[i]);
+        brelse (tb->CFL[i]);
+        brelse (tb->CFR[i]);
+    }
+
+    /* deal with list of allocated (used and unused) nodes */
+    for ( i = 0; i < MAX_FEB_SIZE; i++ ) {
+        if ( tb->FEB[i] ) {
+            b_blocknr_t blocknr  = tb->FEB[i]->b_blocknr ;
+            /* de-allocated block which was not used by balancing and
+               bforget about buffer for it */
+            brelse (tb->FEB[i]);
+            reiserfs_free_block (tb->transaction_handle, NULL, blocknr, 0);
+        }
+        if (tb->used[i]) {
+            /* release used as new nodes including a new root */
+            brelse (tb->used[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (tb->vn_buf) 
+    reiserfs_kfree (tb->vn_buf, tb->vn_buf_size, tb->tb_sb);
+
+} 
+
+
+
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/hashes.c b/fs/reiserfs/hashes.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..08d0508c2d39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/hashes.c
@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
+
+/*
+ * Keyed 32-bit hash function using TEA in a Davis-Meyer function
+ *   H0 = Key
+ *   Hi = E Mi(Hi-1) + Hi-1
+ *
+ * (see Applied Cryptography, 2nd edition, p448).
+ *
+ * Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@zip.com.au> 1998
+ * 
+ * Jeremy has agreed to the contents of reiserfs/README. -Hans
+ * Yura's function is added (04/07/2000)
+ */
+
+//
+// keyed_hash
+// yura_hash
+// r5_hash
+//
+
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <asm/types.h>
+#include <asm/bug.h>
+
+
+#define DELTA 0x9E3779B9
+#define FULLROUNDS 10           /* 32 is overkill, 16 is strong crypto */
+#define PARTROUNDS 6            /* 6 gets complete mixing */
+
+/* a, b, c, d - data; h0, h1 - accumulated hash */
+#define TEACORE(rounds)                                                 \
+        do {                                                            \
+                u32 sum = 0;                                            \
+                int n = rounds;                                         \
+                u32 b0, b1;                                             \
+                                                                        \
+                b0 = h0;                                                \
+                b1 = h1;                                                \
+                                                                        \
+                do                                                      \
+                {                                                       \
+                        sum += DELTA;                                   \
+                        b0 += ((b1 << 4)+a) ^ (b1+sum) ^ ((b1 >> 5)+b); \
+                        b1 += ((b0 << 4)+c) ^ (b0+sum) ^ ((b0 >> 5)+d); \
+                } while(--n);                                           \
+                                                                        \
+                h0 += b0;                                               \
+                h1 += b1;                                               \
+        } while(0)
+
+
+u32 keyed_hash(const signed char *msg, int len)
+{
+        u32 k[] = { 0x9464a485, 0x542e1a94, 0x3e846bff, 0xb75bcfc3}; 
+
+        u32 h0 = k[0], h1 = k[1];
+        u32 a, b, c, d;
+        u32 pad;
+        int i;
+ 
+        //      assert(len >= 0 && len < 256);
+
+        pad = (u32)len | ((u32)len << 8);
+        pad |= pad << 16;
+
+        while(len >= 16)
+        {
+                a = (u32)msg[ 0]      |
+                    (u32)msg[ 1] << 8 |
+                    (u32)msg[ 2] << 16|
+                    (u32)msg[ 3] << 24;
+                b = (u32)msg[ 4]      |
+                    (u32)msg[ 5] << 8 |
+                    (u32)msg[ 6] << 16|
+                    (u32)msg[ 7] << 24;
+                c = (u32)msg[ 8]      |
+                    (u32)msg[ 9] << 8 |
+                    (u32)msg[10] << 16|
+                    (u32)msg[11] << 24;
+                d = (u32)msg[12]      |
+                    (u32)msg[13] << 8 |
+                    (u32)msg[14] << 16|
+                    (u32)msg[15] << 24;
+                
+                TEACORE(PARTROUNDS);
+
+                len -= 16;
+                msg += 16;
+        }
+
+        if (len >= 12)
+        {
+                a = (u32)msg[ 0]      |
+                    (u32)msg[ 1] << 8 |
+                    (u32)msg[ 2] << 16|
+                    (u32)msg[ 3] << 24;
+                b = (u32)msg[ 4]      |
+                    (u32)msg[ 5] << 8 |
+                    (u32)msg[ 6] << 16|
+                    (u32)msg[ 7] << 24;
+                c = (u32)msg[ 8]      |
+                    (u32)msg[ 9] << 8 |
+                    (u32)msg[10] << 16|
+                    (u32)msg[11] << 24;
+
+                d = pad;
+                for(i = 12; i < len; i++)
+                {
+                        d <<= 8;
+                        d |= msg[i];
+                }
+        }
+        else if (len >= 8)
+        {
+                a = (u32)msg[ 0]      |
+                    (u32)msg[ 1] << 8 |
+                    (u32)msg[ 2] << 16|
+                    (u32)msg[ 3] << 24;
+                b = (u32)msg[ 4]      |
+                    (u32)msg[ 5] << 8 |
+                    (u32)msg[ 6] << 16|
+                    (u32)msg[ 7] << 24;
+
+                c = d = pad;
+                for(i = 8; i < len; i++)
+                {
+                        c <<= 8;
+                        c |= msg[i];
+                }
+        }
+        else if (len >= 4)
+        {
+                a = (u32)msg[ 0]      |
+                    (u32)msg[ 1] << 8 |
+                    (u32)msg[ 2] << 16|
+                    (u32)msg[ 3] << 24;
+
+                b = c = d = pad;
+                for(i = 4; i < len; i++)
+                {
+                        b <<= 8;
+                        b |= msg[i];
+                }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+                a = b = c = d = pad;
+                for(i = 0; i < len; i++)
+                {
+                        a <<= 8;
+                        a |= msg[i];
+                }
+        }
+
+        TEACORE(FULLROUNDS);
+
+/*      return 0;*/
+        return h0^h1;
+}
+
+/* What follows in this file is copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, and the
+ * licensing of what follows is governed by reiserfs/README */
+
+u32 yura_hash (const signed char *msg, int len)
+{
+    int j, pow;
+    u32 a, c;
+    int i;
+    
+    for (pow=1,i=1; i < len; i++) pow = pow * 10; 
+    
+    if (len == 1) 
+        a = msg[0]-48;
+    else
+        a = (msg[0] - 48) * pow;
+    
+    for (i=1; i < len; i++) {
+        c = msg[i] - 48; 
+        for (pow=1,j=i; j < len-1; j++) pow = pow * 10; 
+        a = a + c * pow;
+    }
+    
+    for (; i < 40; i++) {
+        c = '0' - 48; 
+        for (pow=1,j=i; j < len-1; j++) pow = pow * 10; 
+        a = a + c * pow;
+    }
+    
+    for (; i < 256; i++) {
+        c = i; 
+        for (pow=1,j=i; j < len-1; j++) pow = pow * 10; 
+        a = a + c * pow;
+    }
+    
+    a = a << 7;
+    return a;
+}
+
+u32 r5_hash (const signed char *msg, int len)
+{
+  u32 a=0;
+  while(*msg) { 
+    a += *msg << 4;
+    a += *msg >> 4;
+    a *= 11;
+    msg++;
+   } 
+  return a;
+}
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/ibalance.c b/fs/reiserfs/ibalance.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..a362125da0d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/ibalance.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1058 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, licensing governed by reiserfs/README
+ */
+
+#include <linux/config.h>
+#include <asm/uaccess.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_fs.h>
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+
+/* this is one and only function that is used outside (do_balance.c) */
+int     balance_internal (
+                          struct tree_balance * ,
+                          int,
+                          int,
+                          struct item_head * ,
+                          struct buffer_head ** 
+                          );
+
+/* modes of internal_shift_left, internal_shift_right and internal_insert_childs */
+#define INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_S_TO_L 0
+#define INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_R_TO_S 1
+#define INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_L_TO_S 2
+#define INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_S_TO_R 3
+#define INTERNAL_INSERT_TO_S 4
+#define INTERNAL_INSERT_TO_L 5
+#define INTERNAL_INSERT_TO_R 6
+
+static void     internal_define_dest_src_infos (
+                                                int shift_mode,
+                                                struct tree_balance * tb,
+                                                int h,
+                                                struct buffer_info * dest_bi,
+                                                struct buffer_info * src_bi,
+                                                int * d_key,
+                                                struct buffer_head ** cf
+                                                )
+{
+    memset (dest_bi, 0, sizeof (struct buffer_info));
+    memset (src_bi, 0, sizeof (struct buffer_info));
+    /* define dest, src, dest parent, dest position */
+    switch (shift_mode) {
+    case INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_S_TO_L:    /* used in internal_shift_left */
+        src_bi->tb = tb;
+        src_bi->bi_bh = PATH_H_PBUFFER (tb->tb_path, h);
+        src_bi->bi_parent = PATH_H_PPARENT (tb->tb_path, h);
+        src_bi->bi_position = PATH_H_POSITION (tb->tb_path, h + 1);
+        dest_bi->tb = tb;
+        dest_bi->bi_bh = tb->L[h];
+        dest_bi->bi_parent = tb->FL[h];
+        dest_bi->bi_position = get_left_neighbor_position (tb, h);
+        *d_key = tb->lkey[h];
+        *cf = tb->CFL[h];
+        break;
+    case INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_L_TO_S:
+        src_bi->tb = tb;
+        src_bi->bi_bh = tb->L[h];
+        src_bi->bi_parent = tb->FL[h];
+        src_bi->bi_position = get_left_neighbor_position (tb, h);
+        dest_bi->tb = tb;
+        dest_bi->bi_bh = PATH_H_PBUFFER (tb->tb_path, h);
+        dest_bi->bi_parent = PATH_H_PPARENT (tb->tb_path, h);
+        dest_bi->bi_position = PATH_H_POSITION (tb->tb_path, h + 1); /* dest position is analog of dest->b_item_order */
+        *d_key = tb->lkey[h];
+        *cf = tb->CFL[h];
+        break;
+      
+    case INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_R_TO_S:    /* used in internal_shift_left */
+        src_bi->tb = tb;
+        src_bi->bi_bh = tb->R[h];
+        src_bi->bi_parent = tb->FR[h];
+        src_bi->bi_position = get_right_neighbor_position (tb, h);
+        dest_bi->tb = tb;
+        dest_bi->bi_bh = PATH_H_PBUFFER (tb->tb_path, h);
+        dest_bi->bi_parent = PATH_H_PPARENT (tb->tb_path, h);
+        dest_bi->bi_position = PATH_H_POSITION (tb->tb_path, h + 1);
+        *d_key = tb->rkey[h];
+        *cf = tb->CFR[h];
+        break;
+
+    case INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_S_TO_R:
+        src_bi->tb = tb;
+        src_bi->bi_bh = PATH_H_PBUFFER (tb->tb_path, h);
+        src_bi->bi_parent = PATH_H_PPARENT (tb->tb_path, h);
+        src_bi->bi_position = PATH_H_POSITION (tb->tb_path, h + 1);
+        dest_bi->tb = tb;
+        dest_bi->bi_bh = tb->R[h];
+        dest_bi->bi_parent = tb->FR[h];
+        dest_bi->bi_position = get_right_neighbor_position (tb, h);
+        *d_key = tb->rkey[h];
+        *cf = tb->CFR[h];
+        break;
+
+    case INTERNAL_INSERT_TO_L:
+        dest_bi->tb = tb;
+        dest_bi->bi_bh = tb->L[h];
+        dest_bi->bi_parent = tb->FL[h];
+        dest_bi->bi_position = get_left_neighbor_position (tb, h);
+        break;
+        
+    case INTERNAL_INSERT_TO_S:
+        dest_bi->tb = tb;
+        dest_bi->bi_bh = PATH_H_PBUFFER (tb->tb_path, h);
+        dest_bi->bi_parent = PATH_H_PPARENT (tb->tb_path, h);
+        dest_bi->bi_position = PATH_H_POSITION (tb->tb_path, h + 1);
+        break;
+
+    case INTERNAL_INSERT_TO_R:
+        dest_bi->tb = tb;
+        dest_bi->bi_bh = tb->R[h];
+        dest_bi->bi_parent = tb->FR[h];
+        dest_bi->bi_position = get_right_neighbor_position (tb, h);
+        break;
+
+    default:
+        reiserfs_panic (tb->tb_sb, "internal_define_dest_src_infos: shift type is unknown (%d)", shift_mode);
+    }
+}
+
+
+
+/* Insert count node pointers into buffer cur before position to + 1.
+ * Insert count items into buffer cur before position to.
+ * Items and node pointers are specified by inserted and bh respectively.
+ */ 
+static void internal_insert_childs (struct buffer_info * cur_bi,
+                                    int to, int count,
+                                    struct item_head * inserted,
+                                    struct buffer_head ** bh
+    )
+{
+    struct buffer_head * cur = cur_bi->bi_bh;
+    struct block_head * blkh;
+    int nr;
+    struct reiserfs_key * ih;
+    struct disk_child new_dc[2];
+    struct disk_child * dc;
+    int i;
+
+    if (count <= 0)
+        return;
+
+    blkh = B_BLK_HEAD(cur);
+    nr = blkh_nr_item(blkh);
+
+    RFALSE( count > 2,
+            "too many children (%d) are to be inserted", count);
+    RFALSE( B_FREE_SPACE (cur) < count * (KEY_SIZE + DC_SIZE),
+            "no enough free space (%d), needed %d bytes", 
+            B_FREE_SPACE (cur), count * (KEY_SIZE + DC_SIZE));
+
+    /* prepare space for count disk_child */
+    dc = B_N_CHILD(cur,to+1);
+
+    memmove (dc + count, dc, (nr+1-(to+1)) * DC_SIZE);
+
+    /* copy to_be_insert disk children */
+    for (i = 0; i < count; i ++) {
+        put_dc_size( &(new_dc[i]), MAX_CHILD_SIZE(bh[i]) - B_FREE_SPACE(bh[i]));
+        put_dc_block_number( &(new_dc[i]), bh[i]->b_blocknr );
+    }
+    memcpy (dc, new_dc, DC_SIZE * count);
+
+  
+    /* prepare space for count items  */
+    ih = B_N_PDELIM_KEY (cur, ((to == -1) ? 0 : to));
+
+    memmove (ih + count, ih, (nr - to) * KEY_SIZE + (nr + 1 + count) * DC_SIZE);
+
+    /* copy item headers (keys) */
+    memcpy (ih, inserted, KEY_SIZE);
+    if ( count > 1 )
+        memcpy (ih + 1, inserted + 1, KEY_SIZE);
+
+    /* sizes, item number */
+    set_blkh_nr_item( blkh, blkh_nr_item(blkh) + count );
+    set_blkh_free_space( blkh,
+                        blkh_free_space(blkh) - count * (DC_SIZE + KEY_SIZE ) );
+
+    do_balance_mark_internal_dirty (cur_bi->tb, cur,0);
+
+    /*&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&*/
+    check_internal (cur);
+    /*&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&*/
+
+    if (cur_bi->bi_parent) {
+        struct disk_child *t_dc = B_N_CHILD (cur_bi->bi_parent,cur_bi->bi_position);
+        put_dc_size( t_dc, dc_size(t_dc) + (count * (DC_SIZE + KEY_SIZE)));
+        do_balance_mark_internal_dirty(cur_bi->tb, cur_bi->bi_parent, 0);
+
+        /*&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&*/
+        check_internal (cur_bi->bi_parent);
+        /*&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&*/   
+    }
+
+}
+
+
+/* Delete del_num items and node pointers from buffer cur starting from *
+ * the first_i'th item and first_p'th pointers respectively.            */
+static void     internal_delete_pointers_items (
+                                                struct buffer_info * cur_bi,
+                                                int first_p, 
+                                                int first_i, 
+                                                int del_num
+                                                )
+{
+  struct buffer_head * cur = cur_bi->bi_bh;
+  int nr;
+  struct block_head * blkh;
+  struct reiserfs_key * key;
+  struct disk_child * dc;
+
+  RFALSE( cur == NULL, "buffer is 0");
+  RFALSE( del_num < 0,
+          "negative number of items (%d) can not be deleted", del_num);
+  RFALSE( first_p < 0 || first_p + del_num > B_NR_ITEMS (cur) + 1 || first_i < 0,
+          "first pointer order (%d) < 0 or "
+          "no so many pointers (%d), only (%d) or "
+          "first key order %d < 0", first_p, 
+          first_p + del_num, B_NR_ITEMS (cur) + 1, first_i);
+  if ( del_num == 0 )
+    return;
+
+  blkh = B_BLK_HEAD(cur);
+  nr = blkh_nr_item(blkh);
+
+  if ( first_p == 0 && del_num == nr + 1 ) {
+    RFALSE( first_i != 0, "1st deleted key must have order 0, not %d", first_i);
+    make_empty_node (cur_bi);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  RFALSE( first_i + del_num > B_NR_ITEMS (cur),
+          "first_i = %d del_num = %d "
+          "no so many keys (%d) in the node (%b)(%z)",
+          first_i, del_num, first_i + del_num, cur, cur);
+
+
+  /* deleting */
+  dc = B_N_CHILD (cur, first_p);
+
+  memmove (dc, dc + del_num, (nr + 1 - first_p - del_num) * DC_SIZE);
+  key = B_N_PDELIM_KEY (cur, first_i);
+  memmove (key, key + del_num, (nr - first_i - del_num) * KEY_SIZE + (nr + 1 - del_num) * DC_SIZE);
+
+
+  /* sizes, item number */
+  set_blkh_nr_item( blkh, blkh_nr_item(blkh) - del_num );
+  set_blkh_free_space( blkh,
+                    blkh_free_space(blkh) + (del_num * (KEY_SIZE + DC_SIZE) ) );
+
+  do_balance_mark_internal_dirty (cur_bi->tb, cur, 0);
+  /*&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&*/
+  check_internal (cur);
+  /*&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&*/
+ 
+  if (cur_bi->bi_parent) {
+    struct disk_child *t_dc;
+    t_dc = B_N_CHILD (cur_bi->bi_parent, cur_bi->bi_position);
+    put_dc_size( t_dc, dc_size(t_dc) - (del_num * (KEY_SIZE + DC_SIZE) ) );
+
+    do_balance_mark_internal_dirty (cur_bi->tb, cur_bi->bi_parent,0);
+    /*&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&*/
+    check_internal (cur_bi->bi_parent);
+    /*&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&*/   
+  }
+}
+
+
+/* delete n node pointers and items starting from given position */
+static void  internal_delete_childs (struct buffer_info * cur_bi, 
+                                     int from, int n)
+{
+  int i_from;
+
+  i_from = (from == 0) ? from : from - 1;
+
+  /* delete n pointers starting from `from' position in CUR;
+     delete n keys starting from 'i_from' position in CUR;
+     */
+  internal_delete_pointers_items (cur_bi, from, i_from, n);
+}
+
+
+/* copy cpy_num node pointers and cpy_num - 1 items from buffer src to buffer dest
+* last_first == FIRST_TO_LAST means, that we copy first items from src to tail of dest
+ * last_first == LAST_TO_FIRST means, that we copy last items from src to head of dest 
+ */
+static void internal_copy_pointers_items (
+                                          struct buffer_info * dest_bi,
+                                          struct buffer_head * src,
+                                          int last_first, int cpy_num
+                                          )
+{
+  /* ATTENTION! Number of node pointers in DEST is equal to number of items in DEST *
+   * as delimiting key have already inserted to buffer dest.*/
+  struct buffer_head * dest = dest_bi->bi_bh;
+  int nr_dest, nr_src;
+  int dest_order, src_order;
+  struct block_head * blkh;
+  struct reiserfs_key * key;
+  struct disk_child * dc;
+
+  nr_src = B_NR_ITEMS (src);
+
+  RFALSE( dest == NULL || src == NULL, 
+          "src (%p) or dest (%p) buffer is 0", src, dest);
+  RFALSE( last_first != FIRST_TO_LAST && last_first != LAST_TO_FIRST,
+          "invalid last_first parameter (%d)", last_first);
+  RFALSE( nr_src < cpy_num - 1, 
+          "no so many items (%d) in src (%d)", cpy_num, nr_src);
+  RFALSE( cpy_num < 0, "cpy_num less than 0 (%d)", cpy_num);
+  RFALSE( cpy_num - 1 + B_NR_ITEMS(dest) > (int)MAX_NR_KEY(dest),
+          "cpy_num (%d) + item number in dest (%d) can not be > MAX_NR_KEY(%d)",
+          cpy_num, B_NR_ITEMS(dest), MAX_NR_KEY(dest));
+
+  if ( cpy_num == 0 )
+    return;
+
+        /* coping */
+  blkh = B_BLK_HEAD(dest);
+  nr_dest = blkh_nr_item(blkh);
+
+  /*dest_order = (last_first == LAST_TO_FIRST) ? 0 : nr_dest;*/
+  /*src_order = (last_first == LAST_TO_FIRST) ? (nr_src - cpy_num + 1) : 0;*/
+  (last_first == LAST_TO_FIRST) ?       (dest_order = 0, src_order = nr_src - cpy_num + 1) :
+    (dest_order = nr_dest, src_order = 0);
+
+  /* prepare space for cpy_num pointers */
+  dc = B_N_CHILD (dest, dest_order);
+
+  memmove (dc + cpy_num, dc, (nr_dest - dest_order) * DC_SIZE);
+
+        /* insert pointers */
+  memcpy (dc, B_N_CHILD (src, src_order), DC_SIZE * cpy_num);
+
+
+  /* prepare space for cpy_num - 1 item headers */
+  key = B_N_PDELIM_KEY(dest, dest_order);
+  memmove (key + cpy_num - 1, key,
+           KEY_SIZE * (nr_dest - dest_order) + DC_SIZE * (nr_dest + cpy_num));
+
+
+  /* insert headers */
+  memcpy (key, B_N_PDELIM_KEY (src, src_order), KEY_SIZE * (cpy_num - 1));
+
+  /* sizes, item number */
+  set_blkh_nr_item( blkh, blkh_nr_item(blkh) + (cpy_num - 1 ) );
+  set_blkh_free_space( blkh,
+      blkh_free_space(blkh) - (KEY_SIZE * (cpy_num - 1) + DC_SIZE * cpy_num ) );
+
+  do_balance_mark_internal_dirty (dest_bi->tb, dest, 0);
+
+  /*&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&*/
+  check_internal (dest);
+  /*&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&*/
+
+  if (dest_bi->bi_parent) {
+    struct disk_child *t_dc;
+    t_dc = B_N_CHILD(dest_bi->bi_parent,dest_bi->bi_position);
+    put_dc_size( t_dc, dc_size(t_dc) + (KEY_SIZE * (cpy_num - 1) + DC_SIZE * cpy_num) );
+
+    do_balance_mark_internal_dirty (dest_bi->tb, dest_bi->bi_parent,0);
+    /*&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&*/
+    check_internal (dest_bi->bi_parent);
+    /*&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&*/   
+  }
+
+}
+
+
+/* Copy cpy_num node pointers and cpy_num - 1 items from buffer src to buffer dest.
+ * Delete cpy_num - del_par items and node pointers from buffer src.
+ * last_first == FIRST_TO_LAST means, that we copy/delete first items from src.
+ * last_first == LAST_TO_FIRST means, that we copy/delete last items from src.
+ */
+static void internal_move_pointers_items (struct buffer_info * dest_bi, 
+                                          struct buffer_info * src_bi, 
+                                          int last_first, int cpy_num, int del_par)
+{
+    int first_pointer;
+    int first_item;
+    
+    internal_copy_pointers_items (dest_bi, src_bi->bi_bh, last_first, cpy_num);
+
+    if (last_first == FIRST_TO_LAST) {  /* shift_left occurs */
+        first_pointer = 0;
+        first_item = 0;
+        /* delete cpy_num - del_par pointers and keys starting for pointers with first_pointer, 
+           for key - with first_item */
+        internal_delete_pointers_items (src_bi, first_pointer, first_item, cpy_num - del_par);
+    } else {                    /* shift_right occurs */
+        int i, j;
+
+        i = ( cpy_num - del_par == ( j = B_NR_ITEMS(src_bi->bi_bh)) + 1 ) ? 0 : j - cpy_num + del_par;
+
+        internal_delete_pointers_items (src_bi, j + 1 - cpy_num + del_par, i, cpy_num - del_par);
+    }
+}
+
+/* Insert n_src'th key of buffer src before n_dest'th key of buffer dest. */
+static void internal_insert_key (struct buffer_info * dest_bi, 
+                                 int dest_position_before,                 /* insert key before key with n_dest number */
+                                 struct buffer_head * src, 
+                                 int src_position)
+{
+    struct buffer_head * dest = dest_bi->bi_bh;
+    int nr;
+    struct block_head * blkh;
+    struct reiserfs_key * key;
+
+    RFALSE( dest == NULL || src == NULL,
+            "source(%p) or dest(%p) buffer is 0", src, dest);
+    RFALSE( dest_position_before < 0 || src_position < 0,
+            "source(%d) or dest(%d) key number less than 0", 
+            src_position, dest_position_before);
+    RFALSE( dest_position_before > B_NR_ITEMS (dest) || 
+            src_position >= B_NR_ITEMS(src),
+            "invalid position in dest (%d (key number %d)) or in src (%d (key number %d))",
+            dest_position_before, B_NR_ITEMS (dest), 
+            src_position, B_NR_ITEMS(src));
+    RFALSE( B_FREE_SPACE (dest) < KEY_SIZE,
+            "no enough free space (%d) in dest buffer", B_FREE_SPACE (dest));
+
+    blkh = B_BLK_HEAD(dest);
+    nr = blkh_nr_item(blkh);
+
+    /* prepare space for inserting key */
+    key = B_N_PDELIM_KEY (dest, dest_position_before);
+    memmove (key + 1, key, (nr - dest_position_before) * KEY_SIZE + (nr + 1) * DC_SIZE);
+
+    /* insert key */
+    memcpy (key, B_N_PDELIM_KEY(src, src_position), KEY_SIZE);
+
+    /* Change dirt, free space, item number fields. */
+
+    set_blkh_nr_item( blkh, blkh_nr_item(blkh) + 1 );
+    set_blkh_free_space( blkh, blkh_free_space(blkh) - KEY_SIZE );
+
+    do_balance_mark_internal_dirty (dest_bi->tb, dest, 0);
+
+    if (dest_bi->bi_parent) {
+        struct disk_child *t_dc;
+        t_dc = B_N_CHILD(dest_bi->bi_parent,dest_bi->bi_position);
+        put_dc_size( t_dc, dc_size(t_dc) + KEY_SIZE );
+
+        do_balance_mark_internal_dirty (dest_bi->tb, dest_bi->bi_parent,0);
+    }
+}
+
+
+
+/* Insert d_key'th (delimiting) key from buffer cfl to tail of dest. 
+ * Copy pointer_amount node pointers and pointer_amount - 1 items from buffer src to buffer dest.
+ * Replace  d_key'th key in buffer cfl.
+ * Delete pointer_amount items and node pointers from buffer src.
+ */
+/* this can be invoked both to shift from S to L and from R to S */
+static void     internal_shift_left (
+                                     int mode,  /* INTERNAL_FROM_S_TO_L | INTERNAL_FROM_R_TO_S */
+                                     struct tree_balance * tb,
+                                     int h,
+                                     int pointer_amount
+                                     )
+{
+  struct buffer_info dest_bi, src_bi;
+  struct buffer_head * cf;
+  int d_key_position;
+
+  internal_define_dest_src_infos (mode, tb, h, &dest_bi, &src_bi, &d_key_position, &cf);
+
+  /*printk("pointer_amount = %d\n",pointer_amount);*/
+
+  if (pointer_amount) {
+    /* insert delimiting key from common father of dest and src to node dest into position B_NR_ITEM(dest) */
+    internal_insert_key (&dest_bi, B_NR_ITEMS(dest_bi.bi_bh), cf, d_key_position);
+
+    if (B_NR_ITEMS(src_bi.bi_bh) == pointer_amount - 1) {
+      if (src_bi.bi_position/*src->b_item_order*/ == 0)
+        replace_key (tb, cf, d_key_position, src_bi.bi_parent/*src->b_parent*/, 0);
+    } else
+      replace_key (tb, cf, d_key_position, src_bi.bi_bh, pointer_amount - 1);
+  }
+  /* last parameter is del_parameter */
+  internal_move_pointers_items (&dest_bi, &src_bi, FIRST_TO_LAST, pointer_amount, 0);
+
+}
+
+/* Insert delimiting key to L[h].
+ * Copy n node pointers and n - 1 items from buffer S[h] to L[h].
+ * Delete n - 1 items and node pointers from buffer S[h].
+ */
+/* it always shifts from S[h] to L[h] */
+static void     internal_shift1_left (
+                                      struct tree_balance * tb, 
+                                      int h, 
+                                      int pointer_amount
+                                      )
+{
+  struct buffer_info dest_bi, src_bi;
+  struct buffer_head * cf;
+  int d_key_position;
+
+  internal_define_dest_src_infos (INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_S_TO_L, tb, h, &dest_bi, &src_bi, &d_key_position, &cf);
+
+  if ( pointer_amount > 0 ) /* insert lkey[h]-th key  from CFL[h] to left neighbor L[h] */
+    internal_insert_key (&dest_bi, B_NR_ITEMS(dest_bi.bi_bh), cf, d_key_position);
+  /*            internal_insert_key (tb->L[h], B_NR_ITEM(tb->L[h]), tb->CFL[h], tb->lkey[h]);*/
+
+  /* last parameter is del_parameter */
+  internal_move_pointers_items (&dest_bi, &src_bi, FIRST_TO_LAST, pointer_amount, 1);
+  /*    internal_move_pointers_items (tb->L[h], tb->S[h], FIRST_TO_LAST, pointer_amount, 1);*/
+}
+
+
+/* Insert d_key'th (delimiting) key from buffer cfr to head of dest. 
+ * Copy n node pointers and n - 1 items from buffer src to buffer dest.
+ * Replace  d_key'th key in buffer cfr.
+ * Delete n items and node pointers from buffer src.
+ */
+static void internal_shift_right (
+                                  int mode,     /* INTERNAL_FROM_S_TO_R | INTERNAL_FROM_L_TO_S */
+                                  struct tree_balance * tb,
+                                  int h,
+                                  int pointer_amount
+                                  )
+{
+  struct buffer_info dest_bi, src_bi;
+  struct buffer_head * cf;
+  int d_key_position;
+  int nr;
+
+
+  internal_define_dest_src_infos (mode, tb, h, &dest_bi, &src_bi, &d_key_position, &cf);
+
+  nr = B_NR_ITEMS (src_bi.bi_bh);
+
+  if (pointer_amount > 0) {
+    /* insert delimiting key from common father of dest and src to dest node into position 0 */
+    internal_insert_key (&dest_bi, 0, cf, d_key_position);
+    if (nr == pointer_amount - 1) {
+         RFALSE( src_bi.bi_bh != PATH_H_PBUFFER (tb->tb_path, h)/*tb->S[h]*/ || 
+                 dest_bi.bi_bh != tb->R[h],
+                 "src (%p) must be == tb->S[h](%p) when it disappears",
+                 src_bi.bi_bh, PATH_H_PBUFFER (tb->tb_path, h));
+      /* when S[h] disappers replace left delemiting key as well */
+      if (tb->CFL[h])
+        replace_key (tb, cf, d_key_position, tb->CFL[h], tb->lkey[h]);
+    } else
+      replace_key (tb, cf, d_key_position, src_bi.bi_bh, nr - pointer_amount);
+  }      
+
+  /* last parameter is del_parameter */
+  internal_move_pointers_items (&dest_bi, &src_bi, LAST_TO_FIRST, pointer_amount, 0);
+}
+
+/* Insert delimiting key to R[h].
+ * Copy n node pointers and n - 1 items from buffer S[h] to R[h].
+ * Delete n - 1 items and node pointers from buffer S[h].
+ */
+/* it always shift from S[h] to R[h] */
+static void     internal_shift1_right (
+                                       struct tree_balance * tb, 
+                                       int h, 
+                                       int pointer_amount
+                                       )
+{
+  struct buffer_info dest_bi, src_bi;
+  struct buffer_head * cf;
+  int d_key_position;
+
+  internal_define_dest_src_infos (INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_S_TO_R, tb, h, &dest_bi, &src_bi, &d_key_position, &cf);
+
+  if (pointer_amount > 0) /* insert rkey from CFR[h] to right neighbor R[h] */
+    internal_insert_key (&dest_bi, 0, cf, d_key_position);
+  /*            internal_insert_key (tb->R[h], 0, tb->CFR[h], tb->rkey[h]);*/
+        
+  /* last parameter is del_parameter */
+  internal_move_pointers_items (&dest_bi, &src_bi, LAST_TO_FIRST, pointer_amount, 1);
+  /*    internal_move_pointers_items (tb->R[h], tb->S[h], LAST_TO_FIRST, pointer_amount, 1);*/
+}
+
+
+/* Delete insert_num node pointers together with their left items
+ * and balance current node.*/
+static void balance_internal_when_delete (struct tree_balance * tb, 
+                                          int h, int child_pos)
+{
+    int insert_num;
+    int n;
+    struct buffer_head * tbSh = PATH_H_PBUFFER (tb->tb_path, h);
+    struct buffer_info bi;
+
+    insert_num = tb->insert_size[h] / ((int)(DC_SIZE + KEY_SIZE));
+  
+    /* delete child-node-pointer(s) together with their left item(s) */
+    bi.tb = tb;
+    bi.bi_bh = tbSh;
+    bi.bi_parent = PATH_H_PPARENT (tb->tb_path, h);
+    bi.bi_position = PATH_H_POSITION (tb->tb_path, h + 1);
+
+    internal_delete_childs (&bi, child_pos, -insert_num);
+
+    RFALSE( tb->blknum[h] > 1,
+            "tb->blknum[%d]=%d when insert_size < 0", h, tb->blknum[h]);
+
+    n = B_NR_ITEMS(tbSh);
+
+    if ( tb->lnum[h] == 0 && tb->rnum[h] == 0 ) {
+        if ( tb->blknum[h] == 0 ) {
+            /* node S[h] (root of the tree) is empty now */
+            struct buffer_head *new_root;
+
+            RFALSE( n || B_FREE_SPACE (tbSh) != MAX_CHILD_SIZE(tbSh) - DC_SIZE,
+                    "buffer must have only 0 keys (%d)", n);
+            RFALSE( bi.bi_parent, "root has parent (%p)", bi.bi_parent);
+                
+            /* choose a new root */
+            if ( ! tb->L[h-1] || ! B_NR_ITEMS(tb->L[h-1]) )
+                new_root = tb->R[h-1];
+            else
+                new_root = tb->L[h-1];
+            /* switch super block's tree root block number to the new value */
+            PUT_SB_ROOT_BLOCK( tb->tb_sb, new_root->b_blocknr );
+            //REISERFS_SB(tb->tb_sb)->s_rs->s_tree_height --;
+            PUT_SB_TREE_HEIGHT( tb->tb_sb, SB_TREE_HEIGHT(tb->tb_sb) - 1 );
+
+            do_balance_mark_sb_dirty (tb, REISERFS_SB(tb->tb_sb)->s_sbh, 1);
+            /*&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&*/
+            if (h > 1)
+                /* use check_internal if new root is an internal node */
+                check_internal (new_root);
+            /*&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&*/
+
+            /* do what is needed for buffer thrown from tree */
+            reiserfs_invalidate_buffer(tb, tbSh);
+            return;
+        }
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if ( tb->L[h] && tb->lnum[h] == -B_NR_ITEMS(tb->L[h]) - 1 ) { /* join S[h] with L[h] */
+
+        RFALSE( tb->rnum[h] != 0,
+                "invalid tb->rnum[%d]==%d when joining S[h] with L[h]",
+                h, tb->rnum[h]);
+
+        internal_shift_left (INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_S_TO_L, tb, h, n + 1);
+        reiserfs_invalidate_buffer(tb, tbSh);
+
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if ( tb->R[h] &&  tb->rnum[h] == -B_NR_ITEMS(tb->R[h]) - 1 ) { /* join S[h] with R[h] */
+        RFALSE( tb->lnum[h] != 0,
+                "invalid tb->lnum[%d]==%d when joining S[h] with R[h]",
+                h, tb->lnum[h]);
+
+        internal_shift_right (INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_S_TO_R, tb, h, n + 1);
+
+        reiserfs_invalidate_buffer(tb,tbSh);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if ( tb->lnum[h] < 0 ) { /* borrow from left neighbor L[h] */
+        RFALSE( tb->rnum[h] != 0,
+                "wrong tb->rnum[%d]==%d when borrow from L[h]", h, tb->rnum[h]);
+        /*internal_shift_right (tb, h, tb->L[h], tb->CFL[h], tb->lkey[h], tb->S[h], -tb->lnum[h]);*/
+        internal_shift_right (INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_L_TO_S, tb, h, -tb->lnum[h]);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if ( tb->rnum[h] < 0 ) { /* borrow from right neighbor R[h] */
+         RFALSE( tb->lnum[h] != 0,
+                 "invalid tb->lnum[%d]==%d when borrow from R[h]", 
+                 h, tb->lnum[h]);
+        internal_shift_left (INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_R_TO_S, tb, h, -tb->rnum[h]);/*tb->S[h], tb->CFR[h], tb->rkey[h], tb->R[h], -tb->rnum[h]);*/
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if ( tb->lnum[h] > 0 ) { /* split S[h] into two parts and put them into neighbors */
+        RFALSE( tb->rnum[h] == 0 || tb->lnum[h] + tb->rnum[h] != n + 1,
+                "invalid tb->lnum[%d]==%d or tb->rnum[%d]==%d when S[h](item number == %d) is split between them",
+                h, tb->lnum[h], h, tb->rnum[h], n);
+
+        internal_shift_left (INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_S_TO_L, tb, h, tb->lnum[h]);/*tb->L[h], tb->CFL[h], tb->lkey[h], tb->S[h], tb->lnum[h]);*/
+        internal_shift_right (INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_S_TO_R, tb, h, tb->rnum[h]);
+
+        reiserfs_invalidate_buffer (tb, tbSh);
+
+        return;
+    }
+    reiserfs_panic (tb->tb_sb, "balance_internal_when_delete: unexpected tb->lnum[%d]==%d or tb->rnum[%d]==%d",
+                    h, tb->lnum[h], h, tb->rnum[h]);
+}
+
+
+/* Replace delimiting key of buffers L[h] and S[h] by the given key.*/
+static void replace_lkey (
+                      struct tree_balance * tb,
+                      int h,
+                      struct item_head * key
+                      )
+{
+   RFALSE( tb->L[h] == NULL || tb->CFL[h] == NULL,
+           "L[h](%p) and CFL[h](%p) must exist in replace_lkey", 
+           tb->L[h], tb->CFL[h]);
+
+  if (B_NR_ITEMS(PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, h)) == 0)
+    return;
+
+  memcpy (B_N_PDELIM_KEY(tb->CFL[h],tb->lkey[h]), key, KEY_SIZE);
+
+  do_balance_mark_internal_dirty (tb, tb->CFL[h],0);
+}
+
+
+/* Replace delimiting key of buffers S[h] and R[h] by the given key.*/
+static void replace_rkey (
+                      struct tree_balance * tb,
+                      int h,
+                      struct item_head * key
+                      )
+{
+  RFALSE( tb->R[h] == NULL || tb->CFR[h] == NULL,
+          "R[h](%p) and CFR[h](%p) must exist in replace_rkey", 
+          tb->R[h], tb->CFR[h]);
+  RFALSE( B_NR_ITEMS(tb->R[h]) == 0,
+          "R[h] can not be empty if it exists (item number=%d)", 
+          B_NR_ITEMS(tb->R[h]));
+
+  memcpy (B_N_PDELIM_KEY(tb->CFR[h],tb->rkey[h]), key, KEY_SIZE);
+
+  do_balance_mark_internal_dirty (tb, tb->CFR[h], 0);
+}
+
+
+int balance_internal (struct tree_balance * tb,                 /* tree_balance structure               */
+                      int h,                                    /* level of the tree                    */
+                      int child_pos,
+                      struct item_head * insert_key,            /* key for insertion on higher level    */
+                      struct buffer_head ** insert_ptr  /* node for insertion on higher level*/
+    )
+    /* if inserting/pasting
+       {
+       child_pos is the position of the node-pointer in S[h] that        *
+       pointed to S[h-1] before balancing of the h-1 level;              *
+       this means that new pointers and items must be inserted AFTER *
+       child_pos
+       }
+       else 
+       {
+   it is the position of the leftmost pointer that must be deleted (together with
+   its corresponding key to the left of the pointer)
+   as a result of the previous level's balancing.
+   }
+*/
+{
+    struct buffer_head * tbSh = PATH_H_PBUFFER (tb->tb_path, h);
+    struct buffer_info bi;
+    int order;          /* we return this: it is 0 if there is no S[h], else it is tb->S[h]->b_item_order */
+    int insert_num, n, k;
+    struct buffer_head * S_new;
+    struct item_head new_insert_key;
+    struct buffer_head * new_insert_ptr = NULL;
+    struct item_head * new_insert_key_addr = insert_key;
+
+    RFALSE( h < 1, "h (%d) can not be < 1 on internal level", h);
+
+    PROC_INFO_INC( tb -> tb_sb, balance_at[ h ] );
+
+    order = ( tbSh ) ? PATH_H_POSITION (tb->tb_path, h + 1)/*tb->S[h]->b_item_order*/ : 0;
+
+  /* Using insert_size[h] calculate the number insert_num of items
+     that must be inserted to or deleted from S[h]. */
+    insert_num = tb->insert_size[h]/((int)(KEY_SIZE + DC_SIZE));
+
+    /* Check whether insert_num is proper **/
+    RFALSE( insert_num < -2  ||  insert_num > 2,
+            "incorrect number of items inserted to the internal node (%d)", 
+            insert_num);
+    RFALSE( h > 1  && (insert_num > 1 || insert_num < -1),
+            "incorrect number of items (%d) inserted to the internal node on a level (h=%d) higher than last internal level", 
+            insert_num, h);
+
+    /* Make balance in case insert_num < 0 */
+    if ( insert_num < 0 ) {
+        balance_internal_when_delete (tb, h, child_pos);
+        return order;
+    }
+ 
+    k = 0;
+    if ( tb->lnum[h] > 0 ) {
+        /* shift lnum[h] items from S[h] to the left neighbor L[h].
+           check how many of new items fall into L[h] or CFL[h] after
+           shifting */
+        n = B_NR_ITEMS (tb->L[h]); /* number of items in L[h] */
+        if ( tb->lnum[h] <= child_pos ) {
+            /* new items don't fall into L[h] or CFL[h] */
+            internal_shift_left (INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_S_TO_L, tb, h, tb->lnum[h]);
+            /*internal_shift_left (tb->L[h],tb->CFL[h],tb->lkey[h],tbSh,tb->lnum[h]);*/
+            child_pos -= tb->lnum[h];
+        } else if ( tb->lnum[h] > child_pos + insert_num ) {
+            /* all new items fall into L[h] */
+            internal_shift_left (INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_S_TO_L, tb, h, tb->lnum[h] - insert_num);
+            /*                  internal_shift_left(tb->L[h],tb->CFL[h],tb->lkey[h],tbSh,
+                                tb->lnum[h]-insert_num);
+            */
+            /* insert insert_num keys and node-pointers into L[h] */
+            bi.tb = tb;
+            bi.bi_bh = tb->L[h];
+            bi.bi_parent = tb->FL[h];
+            bi.bi_position = get_left_neighbor_position (tb, h);
+            internal_insert_childs (&bi,/*tb->L[h], tb->S[h-1]->b_next*/ n + child_pos + 1,
+                                    insert_num,insert_key,insert_ptr);
+
+            insert_num = 0; 
+        } else {
+            struct disk_child * dc;
+
+            /* some items fall into L[h] or CFL[h], but some don't fall */
+            internal_shift1_left(tb,h,child_pos+1);
+            /* calculate number of new items that fall into L[h] */
+            k = tb->lnum[h] - child_pos - 1;
+            bi.tb = tb;
+            bi.bi_bh = tb->L[h];
+            bi.bi_parent = tb->FL[h];
+            bi.bi_position = get_left_neighbor_position (tb, h);
+            internal_insert_childs (&bi,/*tb->L[h], tb->S[h-1]->b_next,*/ n + child_pos + 1,k,
+                                    insert_key,insert_ptr);
+
+            replace_lkey(tb,h,insert_key + k);
+
+            /* replace the first node-ptr in S[h] by node-ptr to insert_ptr[k] */
+            dc = B_N_CHILD(tbSh, 0);
+            put_dc_size( dc, MAX_CHILD_SIZE(insert_ptr[k]) - B_FREE_SPACE (insert_ptr[k]));
+            put_dc_block_number( dc, insert_ptr[k]->b_blocknr );
+
+            do_balance_mark_internal_dirty (tb, tbSh, 0);
+
+            k++;
+            insert_key += k;
+            insert_ptr += k;
+            insert_num -= k;
+            child_pos = 0;
+        }
+    }   /* tb->lnum[h] > 0 */
+
+    if ( tb->rnum[h] > 0 ) {
+        /*shift rnum[h] items from S[h] to the right neighbor R[h]*/
+        /* check how many of new items fall into R or CFR after shifting */
+        n = B_NR_ITEMS (tbSh); /* number of items in S[h] */
+        if ( n - tb->rnum[h] >= child_pos )
+            /* new items fall into S[h] */
+            /*internal_shift_right(tb,h,tbSh,tb->CFR[h],tb->rkey[h],tb->R[h],tb->rnum[h]);*/
+            internal_shift_right (INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_S_TO_R, tb, h, tb->rnum[h]);
+        else
+            if ( n + insert_num - tb->rnum[h] < child_pos )
+            {
+                /* all new items fall into R[h] */
+                /*internal_shift_right(tb,h,tbSh,tb->CFR[h],tb->rkey[h],tb->R[h],
+            tb->rnum[h] - insert_num);*/
+                internal_shift_right (INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_S_TO_R, tb, h, tb->rnum[h] - insert_num);
+
+                /* insert insert_num keys and node-pointers into R[h] */
+                bi.tb = tb;
+                bi.bi_bh = tb->R[h];
+                bi.bi_parent = tb->FR[h];
+                bi.bi_position = get_right_neighbor_position (tb, h);
+                internal_insert_childs (&bi, /*tb->R[h],tb->S[h-1]->b_next*/ child_pos - n - insert_num + tb->rnum[h] - 1,
+                                        insert_num,insert_key,insert_ptr);
+                insert_num = 0;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                struct disk_child * dc;
+
+                /* one of the items falls into CFR[h] */
+                internal_shift1_right(tb,h,n - child_pos + 1);
+                /* calculate number of new items that fall into R[h] */
+                k = tb->rnum[h] - n + child_pos - 1;
+                bi.tb = tb;
+                bi.bi_bh = tb->R[h];
+                bi.bi_parent = tb->FR[h];
+                bi.bi_position = get_right_neighbor_position (tb, h);
+                internal_insert_childs (&bi, /*tb->R[h], tb->R[h]->b_child,*/ 0, k, insert_key + 1, insert_ptr + 1);
+
+                replace_rkey(tb,h,insert_key + insert_num - k - 1);
+
+                /* replace the first node-ptr in R[h] by node-ptr insert_ptr[insert_num-k-1]*/
+                dc = B_N_CHILD(tb->R[h], 0);
+                put_dc_size( dc, MAX_CHILD_SIZE(insert_ptr[insert_num-k-1]) -
+                                    B_FREE_SPACE (insert_ptr[insert_num-k-1]));
+                put_dc_block_number( dc, insert_ptr[insert_num-k-1]->b_blocknr );
+
+                do_balance_mark_internal_dirty (tb, tb->R[h],0);
+
+                insert_num -= (k + 1);
+            }
+    }
+
+    /** Fill new node that appears instead of S[h] **/
+    RFALSE( tb->blknum[h] > 2, "blknum can not be > 2 for internal level");
+    RFALSE( tb->blknum[h] < 0, "blknum can not be < 0");
+
+    if ( ! tb->blknum[h] )
+    { /* node S[h] is empty now */
+        RFALSE( ! tbSh, "S[h] is equal NULL");
+
+        /* do what is needed for buffer thrown from tree */
+        reiserfs_invalidate_buffer(tb,tbSh);
+        return order;
+    }
+
+    if ( ! tbSh ) {
+        /* create new root */
+        struct disk_child  * dc;
+        struct buffer_head * tbSh_1 = PATH_H_PBUFFER (tb->tb_path, h - 1);
+        struct block_head *  blkh;
+
+
+        if ( tb->blknum[h] != 1 )
+            reiserfs_panic(NULL, "balance_internal: One new node required for creating the new root");
+        /* S[h] = empty buffer from the list FEB. */
+        tbSh = get_FEB (tb);
+        blkh = B_BLK_HEAD(tbSh);
+        set_blkh_level( blkh, h + 1 );
+
+        /* Put the unique node-pointer to S[h] that points to S[h-1]. */
+
+        dc = B_N_CHILD(tbSh, 0);
+        put_dc_block_number( dc, tbSh_1->b_blocknr );
+        put_dc_size( dc, (MAX_CHILD_SIZE (tbSh_1) - B_FREE_SPACE (tbSh_1)));
+
+        tb->insert_size[h] -= DC_SIZE;
+        set_blkh_free_space( blkh, blkh_free_space(blkh) - DC_SIZE );
+
+        do_balance_mark_internal_dirty (tb, tbSh, 0);
+
+        /*&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&*/
+        check_internal (tbSh);
+        /*&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&*/
+    
+    /* put new root into path structure */
+        PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, ILLEGAL_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET) = tbSh;
+
+        /* Change root in structure super block. */
+        PUT_SB_ROOT_BLOCK( tb->tb_sb, tbSh->b_blocknr );
+        PUT_SB_TREE_HEIGHT( tb->tb_sb, SB_TREE_HEIGHT(tb->tb_sb) + 1 );
+        do_balance_mark_sb_dirty (tb, REISERFS_SB(tb->tb_sb)->s_sbh, 1);
+    }
+        
+    if ( tb->blknum[h] == 2 ) {
+        int snum;
+        struct buffer_info dest_bi, src_bi;
+
+
+        /* S_new = free buffer from list FEB */
+        S_new = get_FEB(tb);
+
+        set_blkh_level( B_BLK_HEAD(S_new), h + 1 );
+
+        dest_bi.tb = tb;
+        dest_bi.bi_bh = S_new;
+        dest_bi.bi_parent = NULL;
+        dest_bi.bi_position = 0;
+        src_bi.tb = tb;
+        src_bi.bi_bh = tbSh;
+        src_bi.bi_parent = PATH_H_PPARENT (tb->tb_path, h);
+        src_bi.bi_position = PATH_H_POSITION (tb->tb_path, h + 1);
+                
+        n = B_NR_ITEMS (tbSh); /* number of items in S[h] */
+        snum = (insert_num + n + 1)/2;
+        if ( n - snum >= child_pos ) {
+            /* new items don't fall into S_new */
+            /*  store the delimiting key for the next level */
+            /* new_insert_key = (n - snum)'th key in S[h] */
+            memcpy (&new_insert_key,B_N_PDELIM_KEY(tbSh,n - snum),
+                    KEY_SIZE);
+            /* last parameter is del_par */
+            internal_move_pointers_items (&dest_bi, &src_bi, LAST_TO_FIRST, snum, 0);
+            /*            internal_move_pointers_items(S_new, tbSh, LAST_TO_FIRST, snum, 0);*/
+        } else if ( n + insert_num - snum < child_pos ) {
+            /* all new items fall into S_new */
+            /*  store the delimiting key for the next level */
+            /* new_insert_key = (n + insert_item - snum)'th key in S[h] */
+            memcpy(&new_insert_key,B_N_PDELIM_KEY(tbSh,n + insert_num - snum),
+                   KEY_SIZE);
+            /* last parameter is del_par */
+            internal_move_pointers_items (&dest_bi, &src_bi, LAST_TO_FIRST, snum - insert_num, 0);
+            /*                  internal_move_pointers_items(S_new,tbSh,1,snum - insert_num,0);*/
+
+            /* insert insert_num keys and node-pointers into S_new */
+            internal_insert_childs (&dest_bi, /*S_new,tb->S[h-1]->b_next,*/child_pos - n - insert_num + snum - 1,
+                                    insert_num,insert_key,insert_ptr);
+
+            insert_num = 0;
+        } else {
+            struct disk_child * dc;
+
+            /* some items fall into S_new, but some don't fall */
+            /* last parameter is del_par */
+            internal_move_pointers_items (&dest_bi, &src_bi, LAST_TO_FIRST, n - child_pos + 1, 1);
+            /*                  internal_move_pointers_items(S_new,tbSh,1,n - child_pos + 1,1);*/
+            /* calculate number of new items that fall into S_new */
+            k = snum - n + child_pos - 1;
+
+            internal_insert_childs (&dest_bi, /*S_new,*/ 0, k, insert_key + 1, insert_ptr+1);
+
+            /* new_insert_key = insert_key[insert_num - k - 1] */
+            memcpy(&new_insert_key,insert_key + insert_num - k - 1,
+                   KEY_SIZE);
+            /* replace first node-ptr in S_new by node-ptr to insert_ptr[insert_num-k-1] */
+
+            dc = B_N_CHILD(S_new,0);
+            put_dc_size( dc, (MAX_CHILD_SIZE(insert_ptr[insert_num-k-1]) -
+                                B_FREE_SPACE(insert_ptr[insert_num-k-1])) );
+            put_dc_block_number( dc, insert_ptr[insert_num-k-1]->b_blocknr );
+
+            do_balance_mark_internal_dirty (tb, S_new,0);
+                        
+            insert_num -= (k + 1);
+        }
+        /* new_insert_ptr = node_pointer to S_new */
+        new_insert_ptr = S_new;
+
+        RFALSE (!buffer_journaled(S_new) || buffer_journal_dirty(S_new) ||
+                buffer_dirty (S_new),
+                "cm-00001: bad S_new (%b)", S_new);
+
+        // S_new is released in unfix_nodes
+    }
+
+    n = B_NR_ITEMS (tbSh); /*number of items in S[h] */
+
+        if ( 0 <= child_pos && child_pos <= n && insert_num > 0 ) {
+            bi.tb = tb;
+            bi.bi_bh = tbSh;
+            bi.bi_parent = PATH_H_PPARENT (tb->tb_path, h);
+            bi.bi_position = PATH_H_POSITION (tb->tb_path, h + 1);
+                internal_insert_childs (
+                    &bi,/*tbSh,*/
+                    /*          ( tb->S[h-1]->b_parent == tb->S[h] ) ? tb->S[h-1]->b_next :  tb->S[h]->b_child->b_next,*/
+                    child_pos,insert_num,insert_key,insert_ptr
+                    );
+        }
+
+
+        memcpy (new_insert_key_addr,&new_insert_key,KEY_SIZE);
+        insert_ptr[0] = new_insert_ptr;
+
+        return order;
+    }
+
+  
+    
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/inode.c b/fs/reiserfs/inode.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..7543031396f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/inode.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2846 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, licensing governed by reiserfs/README
+ */
+
+#include <linux/config.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_fs.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_acl.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_xattr.h>
+#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
+#include <linux/pagemap.h>
+#include <linux/highmem.h>
+#include <asm/uaccess.h>
+#include <asm/unaligned.h>
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+#include <linux/mpage.h>
+#include <linux/writeback.h>
+#include <linux/quotaops.h>
+
+extern int reiserfs_default_io_size; /* default io size devuned in super.c */
+
+static int reiserfs_commit_write(struct file *f, struct page *page,
+                                 unsigned from, unsigned to);
+static int reiserfs_prepare_write(struct file *f, struct page *page,
+                                  unsigned from, unsigned to);
+
+void reiserfs_delete_inode (struct inode * inode)
+{
+    /* We need blocks for transaction + (user+group) quota update (possibly delete) */
+    int jbegin_count = JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 2 + 2 * REISERFS_QUOTA_INIT_BLOCKS;
+    struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th ;
+  
+    reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+
+    /* The = 0 happens when we abort creating a new inode for some reason like lack of space.. */
+    if (!(inode->i_state & I_NEW) && INODE_PKEY(inode)->k_objectid != 0) { /* also handles bad_inode case */
+        down (&inode->i_sem); 
+
+        reiserfs_delete_xattrs (inode);
+
+        if (journal_begin(&th, inode->i_sb, jbegin_count)) {
+            up (&inode->i_sem);
+            goto out;
+        }
+        reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode) ;
+
+        if (reiserfs_delete_object (&th, inode)) {
+            up (&inode->i_sem);
+            goto out;
+        }
+
+        /* Do quota update inside a transaction for journaled quotas. We must do that
+         * after delete_object so that quota updates go into the same transaction as
+         * stat data deletion */
+        DQUOT_FREE_INODE(inode);
+
+        if (journal_end(&th, inode->i_sb, jbegin_count)) {
+            up (&inode->i_sem);
+            goto out;
+        }
+
+        up (&inode->i_sem);
+
+        /* all items of file are deleted, so we can remove "save" link */
+        remove_save_link (inode, 0/* not truncate */); /* we can't do anything
+                                                        * about an error here */
+    } else {
+        /* no object items are in the tree */
+        ;
+    }
+out:
+    clear_inode (inode); /* note this must go after the journal_end to prevent deadlock */
+    inode->i_blocks = 0;
+    reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+}
+
+static void _make_cpu_key (struct cpu_key * key, int version, __u32 dirid, __u32 objectid, 
+               loff_t offset, int type, int length )
+{
+    key->version = version;
+
+    key->on_disk_key.k_dir_id = dirid;
+    key->on_disk_key.k_objectid = objectid;
+    set_cpu_key_k_offset (key, offset);
+    set_cpu_key_k_type (key, type);  
+    key->key_length = length;
+}
+
+
+/* take base of inode_key (it comes from inode always) (dirid, objectid) and version from an inode, set
+   offset and type of key */
+void make_cpu_key (struct cpu_key * key, struct inode * inode, loff_t offset,
+              int type, int length )
+{
+  _make_cpu_key (key, get_inode_item_key_version (inode), le32_to_cpu (INODE_PKEY (inode)->k_dir_id),
+                 le32_to_cpu (INODE_PKEY (inode)->k_objectid), 
+                 offset, type, length);
+}
+
+
+//
+// when key is 0, do not set version and short key
+//
+inline void make_le_item_head (struct item_head * ih, const struct cpu_key * key,
+                               int version,
+                               loff_t offset, int type, int length, 
+                               int entry_count/*or ih_free_space*/)
+{
+    if (key) {
+        ih->ih_key.k_dir_id = cpu_to_le32 (key->on_disk_key.k_dir_id);
+        ih->ih_key.k_objectid = cpu_to_le32 (key->on_disk_key.k_objectid);
+    }
+    put_ih_version( ih, version );
+    set_le_ih_k_offset (ih, offset);
+    set_le_ih_k_type (ih, type);
+    put_ih_item_len( ih, length );
+    /*    set_ih_free_space (ih, 0);*/
+    // for directory items it is entry count, for directs and stat
+    // datas - 0xffff, for indirects - 0
+    put_ih_entry_count( ih, entry_count );
+}
+
+//
+// FIXME: we might cache recently accessed indirect item
+
+// Ugh.  Not too eager for that....
+//  I cut the code until such time as I see a convincing argument (benchmark).
+// I don't want a bloated inode struct..., and I don't like code complexity....
+
+/* cutting the code is fine, since it really isn't in use yet and is easy
+** to add back in.  But, Vladimir has a really good idea here.  Think
+** about what happens for reading a file.  For each page,
+** The VFS layer calls reiserfs_readpage, who searches the tree to find
+** an indirect item.  This indirect item has X number of pointers, where
+** X is a big number if we've done the block allocation right.  But,
+** we only use one or two of these pointers during each call to readpage,
+** needlessly researching again later on.
+**
+** The size of the cache could be dynamic based on the size of the file.
+**
+** I'd also like to see us cache the location the stat data item, since
+** we are needlessly researching for that frequently.
+**
+** --chris
+*/
+
+/* If this page has a file tail in it, and
+** it was read in by get_block_create_0, the page data is valid,
+** but tail is still sitting in a direct item, and we can't write to
+** it.  So, look through this page, and check all the mapped buffers
+** to make sure they have valid block numbers.  Any that don't need
+** to be unmapped, so that block_prepare_write will correctly call
+** reiserfs_get_block to convert the tail into an unformatted node
+*/
+static inline void fix_tail_page_for_writing(struct page *page) {
+    struct buffer_head *head, *next, *bh ;
+
+    if (page && page_has_buffers(page)) {
+        head = page_buffers(page) ;
+        bh = head ;
+        do {
+            next = bh->b_this_page ;
+            if (buffer_mapped(bh) && bh->b_blocknr == 0) {
+                reiserfs_unmap_buffer(bh) ;
+            }
+            bh = next ;
+        } while (bh != head) ;
+    }
+}
+
+/* reiserfs_get_block does not need to allocate a block only if it has been
+   done already or non-hole position has been found in the indirect item */
+static inline int allocation_needed (int retval, b_blocknr_t allocated, 
+                                     struct item_head * ih,
+                                     __u32 * item, int pos_in_item)
+{
+  if (allocated)
+         return 0;
+  if (retval == POSITION_FOUND && is_indirect_le_ih (ih) && 
+      get_block_num(item, pos_in_item))
+         return 0;
+  return 1;
+}
+
+static inline int indirect_item_found (int retval, struct item_head * ih)
+{
+  return (retval == POSITION_FOUND) && is_indirect_le_ih (ih);
+}
+
+
+static inline void set_block_dev_mapped (struct buffer_head * bh, 
+                                         b_blocknr_t block, struct inode * inode)
+{
+        map_bh(bh, inode->i_sb, block);
+}
+
+
+//
+// files which were created in the earlier version can not be longer,
+// than 2 gb
+//
+static int file_capable (struct inode * inode, long block)
+{
+    if (get_inode_item_key_version (inode) != KEY_FORMAT_3_5 || // it is new file.
+        block < (1 << (31 - inode->i_sb->s_blocksize_bits))) // old file, but 'block' is inside of 2gb
+        return 1;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/*static*/ int restart_transaction(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                                struct inode *inode, struct path *path) {
+  struct super_block *s = th->t_super ;
+  int len = th->t_blocks_allocated ;
+  int err;
+
+  BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+  BUG_ON (!th->t_refcount);
+
+  /* we cannot restart while nested */
+  if (th->t_refcount > 1) {
+      return 0  ;
+  }
+  pathrelse(path) ;
+  reiserfs_update_sd(th, inode) ;
+  err = journal_end(th, s, len) ;
+  if (!err) {
+      err = journal_begin(th, s, JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 6) ;
+      if (!err)
+        reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode) ;
+  }
+  return err;
+}
+
+// it is called by get_block when create == 0. Returns block number
+// for 'block'-th logical block of file. When it hits direct item it
+// returns 0 (being called from bmap) or read direct item into piece
+// of page (bh_result)
+
+// Please improve the english/clarity in the comment above, as it is
+// hard to understand.
+
+static int _get_block_create_0 (struct inode * inode, long block,
+                                 struct buffer_head * bh_result,
+                                 int args)
+{
+    INITIALIZE_PATH (path);
+    struct cpu_key key;
+    struct buffer_head * bh;
+    struct item_head * ih, tmp_ih;
+    int fs_gen ;
+    int blocknr;
+    char * p = NULL;
+    int chars;
+    int ret ;
+    int done = 0 ;
+    unsigned long offset ;
+
+    // prepare the key to look for the 'block'-th block of file
+    make_cpu_key (&key, inode,
+                  (loff_t)block * inode->i_sb->s_blocksize + 1, TYPE_ANY, 3);
+
+research:
+    if (search_for_position_by_key (inode->i_sb, &key, &path) != POSITION_FOUND) {
+        pathrelse (&path);
+        if (p)
+            kunmap(bh_result->b_page) ;
+        // We do not return -ENOENT if there is a hole but page is uptodate, because it means
+        // That there is some MMAPED data associated with it that is yet to be written to disk.
+        if ((args & GET_BLOCK_NO_HOLE) && !PageUptodate(bh_result->b_page) ) {
+            return -ENOENT ;
+        }
+        return 0 ;
+    }
+    
+    //
+    bh = get_last_bh (&path);
+    ih = get_ih (&path);
+    if (is_indirect_le_ih (ih)) {
+        __u32 * ind_item = (__u32 *)B_I_PITEM (bh, ih);
+        
+        /* FIXME: here we could cache indirect item or part of it in
+           the inode to avoid search_by_key in case of subsequent
+           access to file */
+        blocknr = get_block_num(ind_item, path.pos_in_item) ;
+        ret = 0 ;
+        if (blocknr) {
+            map_bh(bh_result, inode->i_sb, blocknr);
+            if (path.pos_in_item == ((ih_item_len(ih) / UNFM_P_SIZE) - 1)) {
+                set_buffer_boundary(bh_result);
+            }
+        } else 
+            // We do not return -ENOENT if there is a hole but page is uptodate, because it means
+            // That there is some MMAPED data associated with it that is yet to  be written to disk.
+            if ((args & GET_BLOCK_NO_HOLE) && !PageUptodate(bh_result->b_page) ) {
+            ret = -ENOENT ;
+            }
+
+        pathrelse (&path);
+        if (p)
+            kunmap(bh_result->b_page) ;
+        return ret ;
+    }
+
+    // requested data are in direct item(s)
+    if (!(args & GET_BLOCK_READ_DIRECT)) {
+        // we are called by bmap. FIXME: we can not map block of file
+        // when it is stored in direct item(s)
+        pathrelse (&path);      
+        if (p)
+            kunmap(bh_result->b_page) ;
+        return -ENOENT;
+    }
+
+    /* if we've got a direct item, and the buffer or page was uptodate,
+    ** we don't want to pull data off disk again.  skip to the
+    ** end, where we map the buffer and return
+    */
+    if (buffer_uptodate(bh_result)) {
+        goto finished ;
+    } else 
+        /*
+        ** grab_tail_page can trigger calls to reiserfs_get_block on up to date
+        ** pages without any buffers.  If the page is up to date, we don't want
+        ** read old data off disk.  Set the up to date bit on the buffer instead
+        ** and jump to the end
+        */
+            if (!bh_result->b_page || PageUptodate(bh_result->b_page)) {
+                set_buffer_uptodate(bh_result);
+                goto finished ;
+    }
+
+    // read file tail into part of page
+    offset = (cpu_key_k_offset(&key) - 1) & (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - 1) ;
+    fs_gen = get_generation(inode->i_sb) ;
+    copy_item_head (&tmp_ih, ih);
+
+    /* we only want to kmap if we are reading the tail into the page.
+    ** this is not the common case, so we don't kmap until we are
+    ** sure we need to.  But, this means the item might move if
+    ** kmap schedules
+    */
+    if (!p) {
+        p = (char *)kmap(bh_result->b_page) ;
+        if (fs_changed (fs_gen, inode->i_sb) && item_moved (&tmp_ih, &path)) {
+            goto research;
+        }
+    }
+    p += offset ;
+    memset (p, 0, inode->i_sb->s_blocksize);
+    do {
+        if (!is_direct_le_ih (ih)) {
+            BUG ();
+        }
+        /* make sure we don't read more bytes than actually exist in
+        ** the file.  This can happen in odd cases where i_size isn't
+        ** correct, and when direct item padding results in a few 
+        ** extra bytes at the end of the direct item
+        */
+        if ((le_ih_k_offset(ih) + path.pos_in_item) > inode->i_size)
+            break ;
+        if ((le_ih_k_offset(ih) - 1 + ih_item_len(ih)) > inode->i_size) {
+            chars = inode->i_size - (le_ih_k_offset(ih) - 1) - path.pos_in_item;
+            done = 1 ;
+        } else {
+            chars = ih_item_len(ih) - path.pos_in_item;
+        }
+        memcpy (p, B_I_PITEM (bh, ih) + path.pos_in_item, chars);
+
+        if (done) 
+            break ;
+
+        p += chars;
+
+        if (PATH_LAST_POSITION (&path) != (B_NR_ITEMS (bh) - 1))
+            // we done, if read direct item is not the last item of
+            // node FIXME: we could try to check right delimiting key
+            // to see whether direct item continues in the right
+            // neighbor or rely on i_size
+            break;
+
+        // update key to look for the next piece
+        set_cpu_key_k_offset (&key, cpu_key_k_offset (&key) + chars);
+        if (search_for_position_by_key (inode->i_sb, &key, &path) != POSITION_FOUND)
+            // we read something from tail, even if now we got IO_ERROR
+            break;
+        bh = get_last_bh (&path);
+        ih = get_ih (&path);
+    } while (1);
+
+    flush_dcache_page(bh_result->b_page) ;
+    kunmap(bh_result->b_page) ;
+
+finished:
+    pathrelse (&path);
+    /* this buffer has valid data, but isn't valid for io.  mapping it to
+     * block #0 tells the rest of reiserfs it just has a tail in it
+     */
+    map_bh(bh_result, inode->i_sb, 0);
+    set_buffer_uptodate (bh_result);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+
+// this is called to create file map. So, _get_block_create_0 will not
+// read direct item
+static int reiserfs_bmap (struct inode * inode, sector_t block,
+                          struct buffer_head * bh_result, int create)
+{
+    if (!file_capable (inode, block))
+        return -EFBIG;
+
+    reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+    /* do not read the direct item */
+    _get_block_create_0 (inode, block, bh_result, 0) ;
+    reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* special version of get_block that is only used by grab_tail_page right
+** now.  It is sent to block_prepare_write, and when you try to get a
+** block past the end of the file (or a block from a hole) it returns
+** -ENOENT instead of a valid buffer.  block_prepare_write expects to
+** be able to do i/o on the buffers returned, unless an error value
+** is also returned.
+** 
+** So, this allows block_prepare_write to be used for reading a single block
+** in a page.  Where it does not produce a valid page for holes, or past the
+** end of the file.  This turns out to be exactly what we need for reading
+** tails for conversion.
+**
+** The point of the wrapper is forcing a certain value for create, even
+** though the VFS layer is calling this function with create==1.  If you 
+** don't want to send create == GET_BLOCK_NO_HOLE to reiserfs_get_block, 
+** don't use this function.
+*/
+static int reiserfs_get_block_create_0 (struct inode * inode, sector_t block,
+                        struct buffer_head * bh_result, int create) {
+    return reiserfs_get_block(inode, block, bh_result, GET_BLOCK_NO_HOLE) ;
+}
+
+/* This is special helper for reiserfs_get_block in case we are executing
+   direct_IO request. */
+static int reiserfs_get_blocks_direct_io(struct inode *inode,
+                                         sector_t iblock,
+                                         unsigned long max_blocks,
+                                         struct buffer_head *bh_result,
+                                         int create)
+{
+    int ret ;
+
+    bh_result->b_page = NULL;
+
+    /* We set the b_size before reiserfs_get_block call since it is
+       referenced in convert_tail_for_hole() that may be called from
+       reiserfs_get_block() */
+    bh_result->b_size = (1 << inode->i_blkbits);
+
+    ret = reiserfs_get_block(inode, iblock, bh_result,
+                             create | GET_BLOCK_NO_DANGLE) ;
+    if (ret)
+        goto out;
+
+    /* don't allow direct io onto tail pages */
+    if (buffer_mapped(bh_result) && bh_result->b_blocknr == 0) {
+        /* make sure future calls to the direct io funcs for this offset
+        ** in the file fail by unmapping the buffer
+        */
+        clear_buffer_mapped(bh_result);
+        ret = -EINVAL ;
+    }
+    /* Possible unpacked tail. Flush the data before pages have
+       disappeared */
+    if (REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags & i_pack_on_close_mask) {
+        int err;
+        lock_kernel();
+        err = reiserfs_commit_for_inode(inode);
+        REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags &= ~i_pack_on_close_mask;
+        unlock_kernel();
+        if (err < 0)
+            ret = err;
+    }
+out:
+    return ret ;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** helper function for when reiserfs_get_block is called for a hole
+** but the file tail is still in a direct item
+** bh_result is the buffer head for the hole
+** tail_offset is the offset of the start of the tail in the file
+**
+** This calls prepare_write, which will start a new transaction
+** you should not be in a transaction, or have any paths held when you
+** call this.
+*/
+static int convert_tail_for_hole(struct inode *inode, 
+                                 struct buffer_head *bh_result,
+                                 loff_t tail_offset) {
+    unsigned long index ;
+    unsigned long tail_end ; 
+    unsigned long tail_start ;
+    struct page * tail_page ;
+    struct page * hole_page = bh_result->b_page ;
+    int retval = 0 ;
+
+    if ((tail_offset & (bh_result->b_size - 1)) != 1) 
+        return -EIO ;
+
+    /* always try to read until the end of the block */
+    tail_start = tail_offset & (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - 1) ;
+    tail_end = (tail_start | (bh_result->b_size - 1)) + 1 ;
+
+    index = tail_offset >> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT ;
+    /* hole_page can be zero in case of direct_io, we are sure
+       that we cannot get here if we write with O_DIRECT into
+       tail page */
+    if (!hole_page || index != hole_page->index) {
+        tail_page = grab_cache_page(inode->i_mapping, index) ;
+        retval = -ENOMEM;
+        if (!tail_page) {
+            goto out ;
+        }
+    } else {
+        tail_page = hole_page ;
+    }
+
+    /* we don't have to make sure the conversion did not happen while
+    ** we were locking the page because anyone that could convert
+    ** must first take i_sem.
+    **
+    ** We must fix the tail page for writing because it might have buffers
+    ** that are mapped, but have a block number of 0.  This indicates tail
+    ** data that has been read directly into the page, and block_prepare_write
+    ** won't trigger a get_block in this case.
+    */
+    fix_tail_page_for_writing(tail_page) ;
+    retval = reiserfs_prepare_write(NULL, tail_page, tail_start, tail_end);
+    if (retval)
+        goto unlock ;
+
+    /* tail conversion might change the data in the page */
+    flush_dcache_page(tail_page) ;
+
+    retval = reiserfs_commit_write(NULL, tail_page, tail_start, tail_end) ;
+
+unlock:
+    if (tail_page != hole_page) {
+        unlock_page(tail_page) ;
+        page_cache_release(tail_page) ;
+    }
+out:
+    return retval ;
+}
+
+static inline int _allocate_block(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                           long block,
+                           struct inode *inode, 
+                           b_blocknr_t *allocated_block_nr, 
+                           struct path * path,
+                           int flags) {
+    BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+  
+#ifdef REISERFS_PREALLOCATE
+    if (!(flags & GET_BLOCK_NO_ISEM)) {
+        return reiserfs_new_unf_blocknrs2(th, inode, allocated_block_nr, path, block);
+    }
+#endif
+    return reiserfs_new_unf_blocknrs (th, inode, allocated_block_nr, path, block);
+}
+
+int reiserfs_get_block (struct inode * inode, sector_t block,
+                        struct buffer_head * bh_result, int create)
+{
+    int repeat, retval = 0;
+    b_blocknr_t allocated_block_nr = 0;// b_blocknr_t is (unsigned) 32 bit int
+    INITIALIZE_PATH(path);
+    int pos_in_item;
+    struct cpu_key key;
+    struct buffer_head * bh, * unbh = NULL;
+    struct item_head * ih, tmp_ih;
+    __u32 * item;
+    int done;
+    int fs_gen;
+    struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th = NULL;
+    /* space reserved in transaction batch: 
+        . 3 balancings in direct->indirect conversion
+        . 1 block involved into reiserfs_update_sd()
+       XXX in practically impossible worst case direct2indirect()
+       can incur (much) more than 3 balancings.
+       quota update for user, group */
+    int jbegin_count = JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 3 + 1 + 2 * REISERFS_QUOTA_TRANS_BLOCKS;
+    int version;
+    int dangle = 1;
+    loff_t new_offset = (((loff_t)block) << inode->i_sb->s_blocksize_bits) + 1 ;
+
+                                /* bad.... */
+    reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+    version = get_inode_item_key_version (inode);
+
+    if (block < 0) {
+        reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+        return -EIO;
+    }
+
+    if (!file_capable (inode, block)) {
+        reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+        return -EFBIG;
+    }
+
+    /* if !create, we aren't changing the FS, so we don't need to
+    ** log anything, so we don't need to start a transaction
+    */
+    if (!(create & GET_BLOCK_CREATE)) {
+        int ret ;
+        /* find number of block-th logical block of the file */
+        ret = _get_block_create_0 (inode, block, bh_result, 
+                                   create | GET_BLOCK_READ_DIRECT) ;
+        reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+        return ret;
+    }
+    /*
+     * if we're already in a transaction, make sure to close
+     * any new transactions we start in this func
+     */
+    if ((create & GET_BLOCK_NO_DANGLE) ||
+        reiserfs_transaction_running(inode->i_sb))
+        dangle = 0;
+
+    /* If file is of such a size, that it might have a tail and tails are enabled
+    ** we should mark it as possibly needing tail packing on close
+    */
+    if ( (have_large_tails (inode->i_sb) && inode->i_size < i_block_size (inode)*4) ||
+         (have_small_tails (inode->i_sb) && inode->i_size < i_block_size(inode)) )
+        REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags |= i_pack_on_close_mask ;
+
+    /* set the key of the first byte in the 'block'-th block of file */
+    make_cpu_key (&key, inode, new_offset,
+                  TYPE_ANY, 3/*key length*/);
+    if ((new_offset + inode->i_sb->s_blocksize - 1) > inode->i_size) {
+start_trans:
+        th = reiserfs_persistent_transaction(inode->i_sb, jbegin_count);
+        if (!th) {
+            retval = -ENOMEM;
+            goto failure;
+        }
+        reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode) ;
+    }
+ research:
+
+    retval = search_for_position_by_key (inode->i_sb, &key, &path);
+    if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+        retval = -EIO;
+        goto failure;
+    }
+        
+    bh = get_last_bh (&path);
+    ih = get_ih (&path);
+    item = get_item (&path);
+    pos_in_item = path.pos_in_item;
+
+    fs_gen = get_generation (inode->i_sb);
+    copy_item_head (&tmp_ih, ih);
+
+    if (allocation_needed (retval, allocated_block_nr, ih, item, pos_in_item)) {
+        /* we have to allocate block for the unformatted node */
+        if (!th) {
+            pathrelse(&path) ;
+            goto start_trans;
+        }
+
+        repeat = _allocate_block(th, block, inode, &allocated_block_nr, &path, create);
+
+        if (repeat == NO_DISK_SPACE || repeat == QUOTA_EXCEEDED) {
+            /* restart the transaction to give the journal a chance to free
+            ** some blocks.  releases the path, so we have to go back to
+            ** research if we succeed on the second try
+            */
+            SB_JOURNAL(inode->i_sb)->j_next_async_flush = 1;
+            retval = restart_transaction(th, inode, &path) ;
+            if (retval)
+                goto failure;
+            repeat = _allocate_block(th, block, inode, &allocated_block_nr, NULL, create);
+
+            if (repeat != NO_DISK_SPACE && repeat != QUOTA_EXCEEDED) {
+                goto research ;
+            }
+            if (repeat == QUOTA_EXCEEDED)
+                retval = -EDQUOT;
+            else
+                retval = -ENOSPC;
+            goto failure;
+        }
+
+        if (fs_changed (fs_gen, inode->i_sb) && item_moved (&tmp_ih, &path)) {
+            goto research;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (indirect_item_found (retval, ih)) {
+        b_blocknr_t unfm_ptr;
+        /* 'block'-th block is in the file already (there is
+           corresponding cell in some indirect item). But it may be
+           zero unformatted node pointer (hole) */
+        unfm_ptr = get_block_num (item, pos_in_item);
+        if (unfm_ptr == 0) {
+            /* use allocated block to plug the hole */
+            reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(inode->i_sb, bh, 1) ;
+            if (fs_changed (fs_gen, inode->i_sb) && item_moved (&tmp_ih, &path)) {
+                reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(inode->i_sb, bh) ;
+                goto research;
+            }
+            set_buffer_new(bh_result);
+            if (buffer_dirty(bh_result) && reiserfs_data_ordered(inode->i_sb))
+                reiserfs_add_ordered_list(inode, bh_result);
+            put_block_num(item, pos_in_item, allocated_block_nr) ;
+            unfm_ptr = allocated_block_nr;
+            journal_mark_dirty (th, inode->i_sb, bh);
+            reiserfs_update_sd(th, inode) ;
+        }
+        set_block_dev_mapped(bh_result, unfm_ptr, inode);
+        pathrelse (&path);
+        retval = 0;
+        if (!dangle && th)
+            retval = reiserfs_end_persistent_transaction(th);
+
+        reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+         
+        /* the item was found, so new blocks were not added to the file
+        ** there is no need to make sure the inode is updated with this 
+        ** transaction
+        */
+        return retval;
+    }
+
+    if (!th) {
+        pathrelse(&path) ;
+        goto start_trans;
+    }
+
+    /* desired position is not found or is in the direct item. We have
+       to append file with holes up to 'block'-th block converting
+       direct items to indirect one if necessary */
+    done = 0;
+    do {
+        if (is_statdata_le_ih (ih)) {
+            __u32 unp = 0;
+            struct cpu_key tmp_key;
+
+            /* indirect item has to be inserted */
+            make_le_item_head (&tmp_ih, &key, version, 1, TYPE_INDIRECT, 
+                               UNFM_P_SIZE, 0/* free_space */);
+
+            if (cpu_key_k_offset (&key) == 1) {
+                /* we are going to add 'block'-th block to the file. Use
+                   allocated block for that */
+                unp = cpu_to_le32 (allocated_block_nr);
+                set_block_dev_mapped (bh_result, allocated_block_nr, inode);
+                set_buffer_new(bh_result);
+                done = 1;
+            }
+            tmp_key = key; // ;)
+            set_cpu_key_k_offset (&tmp_key, 1);
+            PATH_LAST_POSITION(&path) ++;
+
+            retval = reiserfs_insert_item (th, &path, &tmp_key, &tmp_ih, inode, (char *)&unp);
+            if (retval) {
+                reiserfs_free_block (th, inode, allocated_block_nr, 1);
+                goto failure; // retval == -ENOSPC, -EDQUOT or -EIO or -EEXIST
+            }
+            //mark_tail_converted (inode);
+        } else if (is_direct_le_ih (ih)) {
+            /* direct item has to be converted */
+            loff_t tail_offset;
+
+            tail_offset = ((le_ih_k_offset (ih) - 1) & ~(inode->i_sb->s_blocksize - 1)) + 1;
+            if (tail_offset == cpu_key_k_offset (&key)) {
+                /* direct item we just found fits into block we have
+                   to map. Convert it into unformatted node: use
+                   bh_result for the conversion */
+                set_block_dev_mapped (bh_result, allocated_block_nr, inode);
+                unbh = bh_result;
+                done = 1;
+            } else {
+                /* we have to padd file tail stored in direct item(s)
+                   up to block size and convert it to unformatted
+                   node. FIXME: this should also get into page cache */
+
+                pathrelse(&path) ;
+                /*
+                 * ugly, but we can only end the transaction if
+                 * we aren't nested
+                 */
+                BUG_ON (!th->t_refcount);
+                if (th->t_refcount == 1) {
+                    retval = reiserfs_end_persistent_transaction(th);
+                    th = NULL;
+                    if (retval)
+                        goto failure;
+                }
+
+                retval = convert_tail_for_hole(inode, bh_result, tail_offset) ;
+                if (retval) {
+                    if ( retval != -ENOSPC )
+                        reiserfs_warning (inode->i_sb, "clm-6004: convert tail failed inode %lu, error %d", inode->i_ino, retval) ;
+                    if (allocated_block_nr) {
+                        /* the bitmap, the super, and the stat data == 3 */
+                        if (!th)
+                            th = reiserfs_persistent_transaction(inode->i_sb,3);
+                        if (th)
+                            reiserfs_free_block (th,inode,allocated_block_nr,1);
+                    }
+                    goto failure ;
+                }
+                goto research ;
+            }
+            retval = direct2indirect (th, inode, &path, unbh, tail_offset);
+            if (retval) {
+                reiserfs_unmap_buffer(unbh);
+                reiserfs_free_block (th, inode, allocated_block_nr, 1);
+                goto failure;
+            }
+            /* it is important the set_buffer_uptodate is done after
+            ** the direct2indirect.  The buffer might contain valid
+            ** data newer than the data on disk (read by readpage, changed,
+            ** and then sent here by writepage).  direct2indirect needs
+            ** to know if unbh was already up to date, so it can decide
+            ** if the data in unbh needs to be replaced with data from
+            ** the disk
+            */
+            set_buffer_uptodate (unbh);
+
+            /* unbh->b_page == NULL in case of DIRECT_IO request, this means
+               buffer will disappear shortly, so it should not be added to
+             */
+            if ( unbh->b_page ) {
+                /* we've converted the tail, so we must
+                ** flush unbh before the transaction commits
+                */
+                reiserfs_add_tail_list(inode, unbh) ;
+
+                /* mark it dirty now to prevent commit_write from adding
+                ** this buffer to the inode's dirty buffer list
+                */
+                /*
+                 * AKPM: changed __mark_buffer_dirty to mark_buffer_dirty().
+                 * It's still atomic, but it sets the page dirty too,
+                 * which makes it eligible for writeback at any time by the
+                 * VM (which was also the case with __mark_buffer_dirty())
+                 */
+                mark_buffer_dirty(unbh) ;
+            }
+        } else {
+            /* append indirect item with holes if needed, when appending
+               pointer to 'block'-th block use block, which is already
+               allocated */
+            struct cpu_key tmp_key;
+            unp_t unf_single=0; // We use this in case we need to allocate only
+                                // one block which is a fastpath
+            unp_t *un;
+            __u64 max_to_insert=MAX_ITEM_LEN(inode->i_sb->s_blocksize)/UNFM_P_SIZE;
+            __u64 blocks_needed;
+
+            RFALSE( pos_in_item != ih_item_len(ih) / UNFM_P_SIZE,
+                    "vs-804: invalid position for append");
+            /* indirect item has to be appended, set up key of that position */
+            make_cpu_key (&tmp_key, inode,
+                          le_key_k_offset (version, &(ih->ih_key)) + op_bytes_number (ih, inode->i_sb->s_blocksize),
+                          //pos_in_item * inode->i_sb->s_blocksize,
+                          TYPE_INDIRECT, 3);// key type is unimportant
+
+            blocks_needed = 1 + ((cpu_key_k_offset (&key) - cpu_key_k_offset (&tmp_key)) >> inode->i_sb->s_blocksize_bits);
+            RFALSE( blocks_needed < 0, "green-805: invalid offset");
+
+            if ( blocks_needed == 1 ) {
+                un = &unf_single;
+            } else {
+                un=kmalloc( min(blocks_needed,max_to_insert)*UNFM_P_SIZE,
+                            GFP_ATOMIC); // We need to avoid scheduling.
+                if ( !un) {
+                    un = &unf_single;
+                    blocks_needed = 1;
+                    max_to_insert = 0;
+                } else
+                    memset(un, 0, UNFM_P_SIZE * min(blocks_needed,max_to_insert));
+            }
+            if ( blocks_needed <= max_to_insert) {
+                /* we are going to add target block to the file. Use allocated
+                   block for that */
+                un[blocks_needed-1] = cpu_to_le32 (allocated_block_nr);
+                set_block_dev_mapped (bh_result, allocated_block_nr, inode);
+                set_buffer_new(bh_result);
+                done = 1;
+            } else {
+                /* paste hole to the indirect item */
+                /* If kmalloc failed, max_to_insert becomes zero and it means we
+                   only have space for one block */
+                blocks_needed=max_to_insert?max_to_insert:1;
+            }
+            retval = reiserfs_paste_into_item (th, &path, &tmp_key, inode, (char *)un, UNFM_P_SIZE * blocks_needed);
+
+            if (blocks_needed != 1)
+                kfree(un);
+
+            if (retval) {
+                reiserfs_free_block (th, inode, allocated_block_nr, 1);
+                goto failure;
+            }
+            if (!done) {
+                /* We need to mark new file size in case this function will be
+                   interrupted/aborted later on. And we may do this only for
+                   holes. */
+                inode->i_size += inode->i_sb->s_blocksize * blocks_needed;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (done == 1)
+            break;
+
+        /* this loop could log more blocks than we had originally asked
+        ** for.  So, we have to allow the transaction to end if it is
+        ** too big or too full.  Update the inode so things are 
+        ** consistent if we crash before the function returns
+        **
+        ** release the path so that anybody waiting on the path before
+        ** ending their transaction will be able to continue.
+        */
+        if (journal_transaction_should_end(th, th->t_blocks_allocated)) {
+          retval = restart_transaction(th, inode, &path) ;
+          if (retval)
+            goto failure;
+        }
+        /* inserting indirect pointers for a hole can take a 
+        ** long time.  reschedule if needed
+        */
+        cond_resched();
+
+        retval = search_for_position_by_key (inode->i_sb, &key, &path);
+        if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+            retval = -EIO;
+            goto failure;
+        }
+        if (retval == POSITION_FOUND) {
+            reiserfs_warning (inode->i_sb, "vs-825: reiserfs_get_block: "
+                              "%K should not be found", &key);
+            retval = -EEXIST;
+            if (allocated_block_nr)
+                reiserfs_free_block (th, inode, allocated_block_nr, 1);
+            pathrelse(&path) ;
+            goto failure;
+        }
+        bh = get_last_bh (&path);
+        ih = get_ih (&path);
+        item = get_item (&path);
+        pos_in_item = path.pos_in_item;
+    } while (1);
+
+
+    retval = 0;
+
+ failure:
+    if (th && (!dangle || (retval && !th->t_trans_id))) {
+        int err;
+        if (th->t_trans_id)
+            reiserfs_update_sd(th, inode);
+        err = reiserfs_end_persistent_transaction(th);
+        if (err)
+            retval = err;
+    }
+
+    reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+    reiserfs_check_path(&path) ;
+    return retval;
+}
+
+static int
+reiserfs_readpages(struct file *file, struct address_space *mapping,
+                struct list_head *pages, unsigned nr_pages)
+{
+    return mpage_readpages(mapping, pages, nr_pages, reiserfs_get_block);
+}
+
+/* Compute real number of used bytes by file
+ * Following three functions can go away when we'll have enough space in stat item
+ */
+static int real_space_diff(struct inode *inode, int sd_size)
+{
+    int bytes;
+    loff_t blocksize = inode->i_sb->s_blocksize ;
+
+    if (S_ISLNK(inode->i_mode) || S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
+        return sd_size ;
+
+    /* End of file is also in full block with indirect reference, so round
+    ** up to the next block.
+    **
+    ** there is just no way to know if the tail is actually packed
+    ** on the file, so we have to assume it isn't.  When we pack the
+    ** tail, we add 4 bytes to pretend there really is an unformatted
+    ** node pointer
+    */
+    bytes = ((inode->i_size + (blocksize-1)) >> inode->i_sb->s_blocksize_bits) * UNFM_P_SIZE + sd_size;
+    return bytes ;
+}
+
+static inline loff_t to_real_used_space(struct inode *inode, ulong blocks,
+                                        int sd_size)
+{
+    if (S_ISLNK(inode->i_mode) || S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) {
+        return inode->i_size + (loff_t)(real_space_diff(inode, sd_size)) ;
+    }
+    return ((loff_t)real_space_diff(inode, sd_size)) + (((loff_t)blocks) << 9);
+}
+
+/* Compute number of blocks used by file in ReiserFS counting */
+static inline ulong to_fake_used_blocks(struct inode *inode, int sd_size)
+{
+    loff_t bytes = inode_get_bytes(inode) ;
+    loff_t real_space = real_space_diff(inode, sd_size) ;
+
+    /* keeps fsck and non-quota versions of reiserfs happy */
+    if (S_ISLNK(inode->i_mode) || S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) {
+        bytes += (loff_t)511 ;
+    }
+
+    /* files from before the quota patch might i_blocks such that
+    ** bytes < real_space.  Deal with that here to prevent it from
+    ** going negative.
+    */
+    if (bytes < real_space)
+        return 0 ;
+    return (bytes - real_space) >> 9;
+}
+
+//
+// BAD: new directories have stat data of new type and all other items
+// of old type. Version stored in the inode says about body items, so
+// in update_stat_data we can not rely on inode, but have to check
+// item version directly
+//
+
+// called by read_locked_inode
+static void init_inode (struct inode * inode, struct path * path)
+{
+    struct buffer_head * bh;
+    struct item_head * ih;
+    __u32 rdev;
+    //int version = ITEM_VERSION_1;
+
+    bh = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER (path);
+    ih = PATH_PITEM_HEAD (path);
+
+
+    copy_key (INODE_PKEY (inode), &(ih->ih_key));
+    inode->i_blksize = reiserfs_default_io_size;
+
+    INIT_LIST_HEAD(&(REISERFS_I(inode)->i_prealloc_list ));
+    REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags = 0;
+    REISERFS_I(inode)->i_prealloc_block = 0;
+    REISERFS_I(inode)->i_prealloc_count = 0;
+    REISERFS_I(inode)->i_trans_id = 0;
+    REISERFS_I(inode)->i_jl = NULL;
+    REISERFS_I(inode)->i_acl_access = NULL;
+    REISERFS_I(inode)->i_acl_default = NULL;
+    init_rwsem (&REISERFS_I(inode)->xattr_sem);
+
+    if (stat_data_v1 (ih)) {
+        struct stat_data_v1 * sd = (struct stat_data_v1 *)B_I_PITEM (bh, ih);
+        unsigned long blocks;
+
+        set_inode_item_key_version (inode, KEY_FORMAT_3_5);
+        set_inode_sd_version (inode, STAT_DATA_V1);
+        inode->i_mode  = sd_v1_mode(sd);
+        inode->i_nlink = sd_v1_nlink(sd);
+        inode->i_uid   = sd_v1_uid(sd);
+        inode->i_gid   = sd_v1_gid(sd);
+        inode->i_size  = sd_v1_size(sd);
+        inode->i_atime.tv_sec = sd_v1_atime(sd);
+        inode->i_mtime.tv_sec = sd_v1_mtime(sd);
+        inode->i_ctime.tv_sec = sd_v1_ctime(sd);
+        inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = 0;
+        inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = 0;
+        inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = 0;
+
+        inode->i_blocks = sd_v1_blocks(sd);
+        inode->i_generation = le32_to_cpu (INODE_PKEY (inode)->k_dir_id);
+        blocks = (inode->i_size + 511) >> 9;
+        blocks = _ROUND_UP (blocks, inode->i_sb->s_blocksize >> 9);
+        if (inode->i_blocks > blocks) {
+            // there was a bug in <=3.5.23 when i_blocks could take negative
+            // values. Starting from 3.5.17 this value could even be stored in
+            // stat data. For such files we set i_blocks based on file
+            // size. Just 2 notes: this can be wrong for sparce files. On-disk value will be
+            // only updated if file's inode will ever change
+            inode->i_blocks = blocks;
+        }
+
+        rdev = sd_v1_rdev(sd);
+        REISERFS_I(inode)->i_first_direct_byte = sd_v1_first_direct_byte(sd);
+        /* an early bug in the quota code can give us an odd number for the
+        ** block count.  This is incorrect, fix it here.
+        */
+        if (inode->i_blocks & 1) {
+            inode->i_blocks++ ;
+        }
+        inode_set_bytes(inode, to_real_used_space(inode, inode->i_blocks,
+                                                  SD_V1_SIZE));
+        /* nopack is initially zero for v1 objects. For v2 objects,
+           nopack is initialised from sd_attrs */
+        REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags &= ~i_nopack_mask;
+    } else {
+        // new stat data found, but object may have old items
+        // (directories and symlinks)
+        struct stat_data * sd = (struct stat_data *)B_I_PITEM (bh, ih);
+
+        inode->i_mode   = sd_v2_mode(sd);
+        inode->i_nlink  = sd_v2_nlink(sd);
+        inode->i_uid    = sd_v2_uid(sd);
+        inode->i_size   = sd_v2_size(sd);
+        inode->i_gid    = sd_v2_gid(sd);
+        inode->i_mtime.tv_sec  = sd_v2_mtime(sd);
+        inode->i_atime.tv_sec = sd_v2_atime(sd);
+        inode->i_ctime.tv_sec  = sd_v2_ctime(sd);
+        inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = 0;
+        inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = 0;
+        inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = 0;
+        inode->i_blocks = sd_v2_blocks(sd);
+        rdev            = sd_v2_rdev(sd);
+        if( S_ISCHR( inode -> i_mode ) || S_ISBLK( inode -> i_mode ) )
+            inode->i_generation = le32_to_cpu (INODE_PKEY (inode)->k_dir_id);
+        else
+            inode->i_generation = sd_v2_generation(sd);
+
+        if (S_ISDIR (inode->i_mode) || S_ISLNK (inode->i_mode))
+            set_inode_item_key_version (inode, KEY_FORMAT_3_5);
+        else
+            set_inode_item_key_version (inode, KEY_FORMAT_3_6);
+        REISERFS_I(inode)->i_first_direct_byte = 0;
+        set_inode_sd_version (inode, STAT_DATA_V2);
+        inode_set_bytes(inode, to_real_used_space(inode, inode->i_blocks,
+                                                  SD_V2_SIZE));
+        /* read persistent inode attributes from sd and initalise
+           generic inode flags from them */
+        REISERFS_I(inode)->i_attrs = sd_v2_attrs( sd );
+        sd_attrs_to_i_attrs( sd_v2_attrs( sd ), inode );
+    }
+
+    pathrelse (path);
+    if (S_ISREG (inode->i_mode)) {
+        inode->i_op = &reiserfs_file_inode_operations;
+        inode->i_fop = &reiserfs_file_operations;
+        inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &reiserfs_address_space_operations ;
+    } else if (S_ISDIR (inode->i_mode)) {
+        inode->i_op = &reiserfs_dir_inode_operations;
+        inode->i_fop = &reiserfs_dir_operations;
+    } else if (S_ISLNK (inode->i_mode)) {
+        inode->i_op = &reiserfs_symlink_inode_operations;
+        inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &reiserfs_address_space_operations;
+    } else {
+        inode->i_blocks = 0;
+        inode->i_op = &reiserfs_special_inode_operations;
+        init_special_inode(inode, inode->i_mode, new_decode_dev(rdev));
+    }
+}
+
+
+// update new stat data with inode fields
+static void inode2sd (void * sd, struct inode * inode, loff_t size)
+{
+    struct stat_data * sd_v2 = (struct stat_data *)sd;
+    __u16 flags;
+
+    set_sd_v2_mode(sd_v2, inode->i_mode );
+    set_sd_v2_nlink(sd_v2, inode->i_nlink );
+    set_sd_v2_uid(sd_v2, inode->i_uid );
+    set_sd_v2_size(sd_v2, size );
+    set_sd_v2_gid(sd_v2, inode->i_gid );
+    set_sd_v2_mtime(sd_v2, inode->i_mtime.tv_sec );
+    set_sd_v2_atime(sd_v2, inode->i_atime.tv_sec );
+    set_sd_v2_ctime(sd_v2, inode->i_ctime.tv_sec );
+    set_sd_v2_blocks(sd_v2, to_fake_used_blocks(inode, SD_V2_SIZE));
+    if (S_ISCHR(inode->i_mode) || S_ISBLK(inode->i_mode))
+        set_sd_v2_rdev(sd_v2, new_encode_dev(inode->i_rdev));
+    else
+        set_sd_v2_generation(sd_v2, inode->i_generation);
+    flags = REISERFS_I(inode)->i_attrs;
+    i_attrs_to_sd_attrs( inode, &flags );
+    set_sd_v2_attrs( sd_v2, flags );
+}
+
+
+// used to copy inode's fields to old stat data
+static void inode2sd_v1 (void * sd, struct inode * inode, loff_t size)
+{
+    struct stat_data_v1 * sd_v1 = (struct stat_data_v1 *)sd;
+
+    set_sd_v1_mode(sd_v1, inode->i_mode );
+    set_sd_v1_uid(sd_v1, inode->i_uid );
+    set_sd_v1_gid(sd_v1, inode->i_gid );
+    set_sd_v1_nlink(sd_v1, inode->i_nlink );
+    set_sd_v1_size(sd_v1, size );
+    set_sd_v1_atime(sd_v1, inode->i_atime.tv_sec );
+    set_sd_v1_ctime(sd_v1, inode->i_ctime.tv_sec );
+    set_sd_v1_mtime(sd_v1, inode->i_mtime.tv_sec );
+
+    if (S_ISCHR(inode->i_mode) || S_ISBLK(inode->i_mode))
+        set_sd_v1_rdev(sd_v1, new_encode_dev(inode->i_rdev));
+    else
+        set_sd_v1_blocks(sd_v1, to_fake_used_blocks(inode, SD_V1_SIZE));
+
+    // Sigh. i_first_direct_byte is back
+    set_sd_v1_first_direct_byte(sd_v1, REISERFS_I(inode)->i_first_direct_byte);
+}
+
+
+/* NOTE, you must prepare the buffer head before sending it here,
+** and then log it after the call
+*/
+static void update_stat_data (struct path * path, struct inode * inode,
+                              loff_t size)
+{
+    struct buffer_head * bh;
+    struct item_head * ih;
+  
+    bh = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER (path);
+    ih = PATH_PITEM_HEAD (path);
+
+    if (!is_statdata_le_ih (ih))
+        reiserfs_panic (inode->i_sb, "vs-13065: update_stat_data: key %k, found item %h",
+                        INODE_PKEY (inode), ih);
+  
+    if (stat_data_v1 (ih)) {
+        // path points to old stat data
+        inode2sd_v1 (B_I_PITEM (bh, ih), inode, size);
+    } else {
+        inode2sd (B_I_PITEM (bh, ih), inode, size);
+    }
+
+    return;
+}
+
+
+void reiserfs_update_sd_size (struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                              struct inode * inode, loff_t size)
+{
+    struct cpu_key key;
+    INITIALIZE_PATH(path);
+    struct buffer_head *bh ;
+    int fs_gen ;
+    struct item_head *ih, tmp_ih ;
+    int retval;
+
+    BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+
+    make_cpu_key (&key, inode, SD_OFFSET, TYPE_STAT_DATA, 3);//key type is unimportant
+    
+    for(;;) {
+        int pos;
+        /* look for the object's stat data */
+        retval = search_item (inode->i_sb, &key, &path);
+        if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+            reiserfs_warning (inode->i_sb, "vs-13050: reiserfs_update_sd: "
+                              "i/o failure occurred trying to update %K stat data",
+                              &key);
+            return;
+        }
+        if (retval == ITEM_NOT_FOUND) {
+            pos = PATH_LAST_POSITION (&path);
+            pathrelse(&path) ;
+            if (inode->i_nlink == 0) {
+                /*reiserfs_warning (inode->i_sb, "vs-13050: reiserfs_update_sd: i_nlink == 0, stat data not found");*/
+                return;
+            }
+            reiserfs_warning (inode->i_sb, "vs-13060: reiserfs_update_sd: "
+                              "stat data of object %k (nlink == %d) not found (pos %d)",
+                              INODE_PKEY (inode), inode->i_nlink, pos);
+            reiserfs_check_path(&path) ;
+            return;
+        }
+        
+        /* sigh, prepare_for_journal might schedule.  When it schedules the
+        ** FS might change.  We have to detect that, and loop back to the
+        ** search if the stat data item has moved
+        */
+        bh = get_last_bh(&path) ;
+        ih = get_ih(&path) ;
+        copy_item_head (&tmp_ih, ih);
+        fs_gen = get_generation (inode->i_sb);
+        reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(inode->i_sb, bh, 1) ;
+        if (fs_changed (fs_gen, inode->i_sb) && item_moved(&tmp_ih, &path)) {
+            reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(inode->i_sb, bh) ;
+            continue ;  /* Stat_data item has been moved after scheduling. */
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+    update_stat_data (&path, inode, size);
+    journal_mark_dirty(th, th->t_super, bh) ; 
+    pathrelse (&path);
+    return;
+}
+
+/* reiserfs_read_locked_inode is called to read the inode off disk, and it
+** does a make_bad_inode when things go wrong.  But, we need to make sure
+** and clear the key in the private portion of the inode, otherwise a
+** corresponding iput might try to delete whatever object the inode last
+** represented.
+*/
+static void reiserfs_make_bad_inode(struct inode *inode) {
+    memset(INODE_PKEY(inode), 0, KEY_SIZE);
+    make_bad_inode(inode);
+}
+
+//
+// initially this function was derived from minix or ext2's analog and
+// evolved as the prototype did
+//
+
+int reiserfs_init_locked_inode (struct inode * inode, void *p)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_iget_args *args = (struct reiserfs_iget_args *)p ;
+    inode->i_ino = args->objectid;
+    INODE_PKEY(inode)->k_dir_id = cpu_to_le32(args->dirid);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* looks for stat data in the tree, and fills up the fields of in-core
+   inode stat data fields */
+void reiserfs_read_locked_inode (struct inode * inode, struct reiserfs_iget_args *args)
+{
+    INITIALIZE_PATH (path_to_sd);
+    struct cpu_key key;
+    unsigned long dirino;
+    int retval;
+
+    dirino = args->dirid ;
+
+    /* set version 1, version 2 could be used too, because stat data
+       key is the same in both versions */
+    key.version = KEY_FORMAT_3_5;
+    key.on_disk_key.k_dir_id = dirino;
+    key.on_disk_key.k_objectid = inode->i_ino;
+    key.on_disk_key.u.k_offset_v1.k_offset = SD_OFFSET;
+    key.on_disk_key.u.k_offset_v1.k_uniqueness = SD_UNIQUENESS;
+
+    /* look for the object's stat data */
+    retval = search_item (inode->i_sb, &key, &path_to_sd);
+    if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+        reiserfs_warning (inode->i_sb, "vs-13070: reiserfs_read_locked_inode: "
+                          "i/o failure occurred trying to find stat data of %K",
+                          &key);
+        reiserfs_make_bad_inode(inode) ;
+        return;
+    }
+    if (retval != ITEM_FOUND) {
+        /* a stale NFS handle can trigger this without it being an error */
+        pathrelse (&path_to_sd);
+        reiserfs_make_bad_inode(inode) ;
+        inode->i_nlink = 0;
+        return;
+    }
+
+    init_inode (inode, &path_to_sd);
+   
+    /* It is possible that knfsd is trying to access inode of a file
+       that is being removed from the disk by some other thread. As we
+       update sd on unlink all that is required is to check for nlink
+       here. This bug was first found by Sizif when debugging
+       SquidNG/Butterfly, forgotten, and found again after Philippe
+       Gramoulle <philippe.gramoulle@mmania.com> reproduced it. 
+
+       More logical fix would require changes in fs/inode.c:iput() to
+       remove inode from hash-table _after_ fs cleaned disk stuff up and
+       in iget() to return NULL if I_FREEING inode is found in
+       hash-table. */
+    /* Currently there is one place where it's ok to meet inode with
+       nlink==0: processing of open-unlinked and half-truncated files
+       during mount (fs/reiserfs/super.c:finish_unfinished()). */
+    if( ( inode -> i_nlink == 0 ) && 
+        ! REISERFS_SB(inode -> i_sb) -> s_is_unlinked_ok ) {
+            reiserfs_warning (inode->i_sb,
+                              "vs-13075: reiserfs_read_locked_inode: "
+                              "dead inode read from disk %K. "
+                              "This is likely to be race with knfsd. Ignore",
+                              &key );
+            reiserfs_make_bad_inode( inode );
+    }
+
+    reiserfs_check_path(&path_to_sd) ; /* init inode should be relsing */
+
+}
+
+/**
+ * reiserfs_find_actor() - "find actor" reiserfs supplies to iget5_locked().
+ *
+ * @inode:    inode from hash table to check
+ * @opaque:   "cookie" passed to iget5_locked(). This is &reiserfs_iget_args.
+ *
+ * This function is called by iget5_locked() to distinguish reiserfs inodes
+ * having the same inode numbers. Such inodes can only exist due to some
+ * error condition. One of them should be bad. Inodes with identical
+ * inode numbers (objectids) are distinguished by parent directory ids.
+ *
+ */
+int reiserfs_find_actor( struct inode *inode, void *opaque )
+{
+    struct reiserfs_iget_args *args;
+
+    args = opaque;
+    /* args is already in CPU order */
+    return (inode->i_ino == args->objectid) &&
+        (le32_to_cpu(INODE_PKEY(inode)->k_dir_id) == args->dirid);
+}
+
+struct inode * reiserfs_iget (struct super_block * s, const struct cpu_key * key)
+{
+    struct inode * inode;
+    struct reiserfs_iget_args args ;
+
+    args.objectid = key->on_disk_key.k_objectid ;
+    args.dirid = key->on_disk_key.k_dir_id ;
+    inode = iget5_locked (s, key->on_disk_key.k_objectid, 
+                   reiserfs_find_actor, reiserfs_init_locked_inode, (void *)(&args));
+    if (!inode) 
+        return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM) ;
+
+    if (inode->i_state & I_NEW) {
+        reiserfs_read_locked_inode(inode, &args);
+        unlock_new_inode(inode);
+    }
+
+    if (comp_short_keys (INODE_PKEY (inode), key) || is_bad_inode (inode)) {
+        /* either due to i/o error or a stale NFS handle */
+        iput (inode);
+        inode = NULL;
+    }
+    return inode;
+}
+
+struct dentry *reiserfs_get_dentry(struct super_block *sb, void *vobjp)
+{
+    __u32 *data = vobjp;
+    struct cpu_key key ;
+    struct dentry *result;
+    struct inode *inode;
+    
+    key.on_disk_key.k_objectid = data[0] ;
+    key.on_disk_key.k_dir_id = data[1] ;
+    reiserfs_write_lock(sb);
+    inode = reiserfs_iget(sb, &key) ;
+    if (inode && !IS_ERR(inode) && data[2] != 0 &&
+        data[2] != inode->i_generation) {
+            iput(inode) ;
+            inode = NULL ;
+    }
+    reiserfs_write_unlock(sb);
+    if (!inode)
+            inode = ERR_PTR(-ESTALE);
+    if (IS_ERR(inode))
+            return ERR_PTR(PTR_ERR(inode));
+    result = d_alloc_anon(inode);
+    if (!result) {
+            iput(inode);
+            return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+struct dentry *reiserfs_decode_fh(struct super_block *sb, __u32 *data,
+                                     int len, int fhtype,
+                                  int (*acceptable)(void *contect, struct dentry *de),
+                                  void *context) {
+    __u32 obj[3], parent[3];
+
+    /* fhtype happens to reflect the number of u32s encoded.
+     * due to a bug in earlier code, fhtype might indicate there
+     * are more u32s then actually fitted.
+     * so if fhtype seems to be more than len, reduce fhtype.
+     * Valid types are:
+     *   2 - objectid + dir_id - legacy support
+     *   3 - objectid + dir_id + generation
+     *   4 - objectid + dir_id + objectid and dirid of parent - legacy
+     *   5 - objectid + dir_id + generation + objectid and dirid of parent
+     *   6 - as above plus generation of directory
+     * 6 does not fit in NFSv2 handles
+     */
+    if (fhtype > len) {
+            if (fhtype != 6 || len != 5)
+                    reiserfs_warning (sb, "nfsd/reiserfs, fhtype=%d, len=%d - odd",
+                           fhtype, len);
+            fhtype = 5;
+    }
+
+    obj[0] = data[0];
+    obj[1] = data[1];
+    if (fhtype == 3 || fhtype >= 5)
+            obj[2] = data[2];
+    else    obj[2] = 0; /* generation number */
+
+    if (fhtype >= 4) {
+            parent[0] = data[fhtype>=5?3:2] ;
+            parent[1] = data[fhtype>=5?4:3] ;
+            if (fhtype == 6)
+                    parent[2] = data[5];
+            else    parent[2] = 0;
+    }
+    return sb->s_export_op->find_exported_dentry(sb, obj, fhtype < 4 ? NULL : parent,
+                               acceptable, context);
+}
+
+int reiserfs_encode_fh(struct dentry *dentry, __u32 *data, int *lenp, int need_parent) {
+    struct inode *inode = dentry->d_inode ;
+    int maxlen = *lenp;
+    
+    if (maxlen < 3)
+        return 255 ;
+
+    data[0] = inode->i_ino ;
+    data[1] = le32_to_cpu(INODE_PKEY (inode)->k_dir_id) ;
+    data[2] = inode->i_generation ;
+    *lenp = 3 ;
+    /* no room for directory info? return what we've stored so far */
+    if (maxlen < 5 || ! need_parent)
+        return 3 ;
+
+    spin_lock(&dentry->d_lock);
+    inode = dentry->d_parent->d_inode ;
+    data[3] = inode->i_ino ;
+    data[4] = le32_to_cpu(INODE_PKEY (inode)->k_dir_id) ;
+    *lenp = 5 ;
+    if (maxlen >= 6) {
+            data[5] = inode->i_generation ;
+            *lenp = 6 ;
+    }
+    spin_unlock(&dentry->d_lock);
+    return *lenp ;
+}
+
+
+/* looks for stat data, then copies fields to it, marks the buffer
+   containing stat data as dirty */
+/* reiserfs inodes are never really dirty, since the dirty inode call
+** always logs them.  This call allows the VFS inode marking routines
+** to properly mark inodes for datasync and such, but only actually
+** does something when called for a synchronous update.
+*/
+int reiserfs_write_inode (struct inode * inode, int do_sync) {
+    struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th ;
+    int jbegin_count = 1 ;
+
+    if (inode->i_sb->s_flags & MS_RDONLY)
+        return -EROFS;
+    /* memory pressure can sometimes initiate write_inode calls with sync == 1,
+    ** these cases are just when the system needs ram, not when the 
+    ** inode needs to reach disk for safety, and they can safely be
+    ** ignored because the altered inode has already been logged.
+    */
+    if (do_sync && !(current->flags & PF_MEMALLOC)) {
+        reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+        if (!journal_begin(&th, inode->i_sb, jbegin_count)) {
+            reiserfs_update_sd (&th, inode);
+            journal_end_sync(&th, inode->i_sb, jbegin_count) ;
+        }
+        reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* stat data of new object is inserted already, this inserts the item
+   containing "." and ".." entries */
+static int reiserfs_new_directory (struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, 
+                                   struct inode *inode,
+                                   struct item_head * ih, struct path * path,
+                                   struct inode * dir)
+{
+    struct super_block * sb = th->t_super;
+    char empty_dir [EMPTY_DIR_SIZE];
+    char * body = empty_dir;
+    struct cpu_key key;
+    int retval;
+
+    BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+    
+    _make_cpu_key (&key, KEY_FORMAT_3_5, le32_to_cpu (ih->ih_key.k_dir_id),
+                   le32_to_cpu (ih->ih_key.k_objectid), DOT_OFFSET, TYPE_DIRENTRY, 3/*key length*/);
+    
+    /* compose item head for new item. Directories consist of items of
+       old type (ITEM_VERSION_1). Do not set key (second arg is 0), it
+       is done by reiserfs_new_inode */
+    if (old_format_only (sb)) {
+        make_le_item_head (ih, NULL, KEY_FORMAT_3_5, DOT_OFFSET, TYPE_DIRENTRY, EMPTY_DIR_SIZE_V1, 2);
+        
+        make_empty_dir_item_v1 (body, ih->ih_key.k_dir_id, ih->ih_key.k_objectid,
+                                INODE_PKEY (dir)->k_dir_id, 
+                                INODE_PKEY (dir)->k_objectid );
+    } else {
+        make_le_item_head (ih, NULL, KEY_FORMAT_3_5, DOT_OFFSET, TYPE_DIRENTRY, EMPTY_DIR_SIZE, 2);
+        
+        make_empty_dir_item (body, ih->ih_key.k_dir_id, ih->ih_key.k_objectid,
+                                INODE_PKEY (dir)->k_dir_id, 
+                                INODE_PKEY (dir)->k_objectid );
+    }
+    
+    /* look for place in the tree for new item */
+    retval = search_item (sb, &key, path);
+    if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+        reiserfs_warning (sb, "vs-13080: reiserfs_new_directory: "
+                          "i/o failure occurred creating new directory");
+        return -EIO;
+    }
+    if (retval == ITEM_FOUND) {
+        pathrelse (path);
+        reiserfs_warning (sb, "vs-13070: reiserfs_new_directory: "
+                          "object with this key exists (%k)", &(ih->ih_key));
+        return -EEXIST;
+    }
+
+    /* insert item, that is empty directory item */
+    return reiserfs_insert_item (th, path, &key, ih, inode, body);
+}
+
+
+/* stat data of object has been inserted, this inserts the item
+   containing the body of symlink */
+static int reiserfs_new_symlink (struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, 
+                                 struct inode *inode,   /* Inode of symlink */
+                                 struct item_head * ih,
+                                 struct path * path, const char * symname, int item_len)
+{
+    struct super_block * sb = th->t_super;
+    struct cpu_key key;
+    int retval;
+
+    BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+
+    _make_cpu_key (&key, KEY_FORMAT_3_5, 
+                   le32_to_cpu (ih->ih_key.k_dir_id), 
+                   le32_to_cpu (ih->ih_key.k_objectid),
+                   1, TYPE_DIRECT, 3/*key length*/);
+
+    make_le_item_head (ih, NULL, KEY_FORMAT_3_5, 1, TYPE_DIRECT, item_len, 0/*free_space*/);
+
+    /* look for place in the tree for new item */
+    retval = search_item (sb, &key, path);
+    if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+        reiserfs_warning (sb, "vs-13080: reiserfs_new_symlinik: "
+                          "i/o failure occurred creating new symlink");
+        return -EIO;
+    }
+    if (retval == ITEM_FOUND) {
+        pathrelse (path);
+        reiserfs_warning (sb, "vs-13080: reiserfs_new_symlink: "
+                          "object with this key exists (%k)", &(ih->ih_key));
+        return -EEXIST;
+    }
+
+    /* insert item, that is body of symlink */
+    return reiserfs_insert_item (th, path, &key, ih, inode, symname);
+}
+
+
+/* inserts the stat data into the tree, and then calls
+   reiserfs_new_directory (to insert ".", ".." item if new object is
+   directory) or reiserfs_new_symlink (to insert symlink body if new
+   object is symlink) or nothing (if new object is regular file) 
+
+   NOTE! uid and gid must already be set in the inode.  If we return
+   non-zero due to an error, we have to drop the quota previously allocated
+   for the fresh inode.  This can only be done outside a transaction, so
+   if we return non-zero, we also end the transaction.  */
+int reiserfs_new_inode (struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                        struct inode * dir, int mode, 
+                        const char * symname, 
+                        /* 0 for regular, EMTRY_DIR_SIZE for dirs, 
+                           strlen (symname) for symlinks)*/
+                         loff_t i_size, struct dentry *dentry, 
+                         struct inode *inode)
+{
+    struct super_block * sb;
+    INITIALIZE_PATH (path_to_key);
+    struct cpu_key key;
+    struct item_head ih;
+    struct stat_data sd;
+    int retval;
+    int err;
+
+    BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+  
+    if (DQUOT_ALLOC_INODE(inode)) {
+        err = -EDQUOT;
+        goto out_end_trans;
+    }
+    if (!dir || !dir->i_nlink) {
+        err = -EPERM;
+        goto out_bad_inode;
+    }
+
+    sb = dir->i_sb;
+
+    /* item head of new item */
+    ih.ih_key.k_dir_id = reiserfs_choose_packing(dir);
+    ih.ih_key.k_objectid = cpu_to_le32 (reiserfs_get_unused_objectid (th));
+    if (!ih.ih_key.k_objectid) {
+        err = -ENOMEM;
+        goto out_bad_inode ;
+    }
+    if (old_format_only (sb))
+        /* not a perfect generation count, as object ids can be reused, but 
+        ** this is as good as reiserfs can do right now.
+        ** note that the private part of inode isn't filled in yet, we have
+        ** to use the directory.
+        */
+        inode->i_generation = le32_to_cpu (INODE_PKEY (dir)->k_objectid);
+    else
+#if defined( USE_INODE_GENERATION_COUNTER )
+        inode->i_generation = le32_to_cpu(REISERFS_SB(sb)->s_rs->s_inode_generation);
+#else
+        inode->i_generation = ++event;
+#endif
+
+    /* fill stat data */
+    inode->i_nlink = (S_ISDIR (mode) ? 2 : 1);
+
+    /* uid and gid must already be set by the caller for quota init */
+
+    /* symlink cannot be immutable or append only, right? */
+    if( S_ISLNK( inode -> i_mode ) )
+            inode -> i_flags &= ~ ( S_IMMUTABLE | S_APPEND );
+
+    inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime =
+            CURRENT_TIME_SEC;
+    inode->i_size = i_size;
+    inode->i_blocks = 0;
+    inode->i_bytes = 0;
+    REISERFS_I(inode)->i_first_direct_byte = S_ISLNK(mode) ? 1 : 
+      U32_MAX/*NO_BYTES_IN_DIRECT_ITEM*/;
+
+    INIT_LIST_HEAD(&(REISERFS_I(inode)->i_prealloc_list ));
+    REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags = 0;
+    REISERFS_I(inode)->i_prealloc_block = 0;
+    REISERFS_I(inode)->i_prealloc_count = 0;
+    REISERFS_I(inode)->i_trans_id = 0;
+    REISERFS_I(inode)->i_jl = NULL;
+    REISERFS_I(inode)->i_attrs =
+        REISERFS_I(dir)->i_attrs & REISERFS_INHERIT_MASK;
+    sd_attrs_to_i_attrs( REISERFS_I(inode) -> i_attrs, inode );
+    REISERFS_I(inode)->i_acl_access = NULL;
+    REISERFS_I(inode)->i_acl_default = NULL;
+    init_rwsem (&REISERFS_I(inode)->xattr_sem);
+
+    if (old_format_only (sb))
+        make_le_item_head (&ih, NULL, KEY_FORMAT_3_5, SD_OFFSET, TYPE_STAT_DATA, SD_V1_SIZE, MAX_US_INT);
+    else
+        make_le_item_head (&ih, NULL, KEY_FORMAT_3_6, SD_OFFSET, TYPE_STAT_DATA, SD_SIZE, MAX_US_INT);
+
+    /* key to search for correct place for new stat data */
+    _make_cpu_key (&key, KEY_FORMAT_3_6, le32_to_cpu (ih.ih_key.k_dir_id),
+                   le32_to_cpu (ih.ih_key.k_objectid), SD_OFFSET, TYPE_STAT_DATA, 3/*key length*/);
+
+    /* find proper place for inserting of stat data */
+    retval = search_item (sb, &key, &path_to_key);
+    if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+        err = -EIO;
+        goto out_bad_inode;
+    }
+    if (retval == ITEM_FOUND) {
+        pathrelse (&path_to_key);
+        err = -EEXIST;
+        goto out_bad_inode;
+    }
+    if (old_format_only (sb)) {
+        if (inode->i_uid & ~0xffff || inode->i_gid & ~0xffff) {
+            pathrelse (&path_to_key);
+            /* i_uid or i_gid is too big to be stored in stat data v3.5 */
+            err = -EINVAL;
+            goto out_bad_inode;
+        }
+        inode2sd_v1 (&sd, inode, inode->i_size);
+    } else {
+        inode2sd (&sd, inode, inode->i_size);
+    }
+    // these do not go to on-disk stat data
+    inode->i_ino = le32_to_cpu (ih.ih_key.k_objectid);
+    inode->i_blksize = reiserfs_default_io_size;
+  
+    // store in in-core inode the key of stat data and version all
+    // object items will have (directory items will have old offset
+    // format, other new objects will consist of new items)
+    memcpy (INODE_PKEY (inode), &(ih.ih_key), KEY_SIZE);
+    if (old_format_only (sb) || S_ISDIR(mode) || S_ISLNK(mode))
+        set_inode_item_key_version (inode, KEY_FORMAT_3_5);
+    else
+        set_inode_item_key_version (inode, KEY_FORMAT_3_6);
+    if (old_format_only (sb))
+        set_inode_sd_version (inode, STAT_DATA_V1);
+    else
+        set_inode_sd_version (inode, STAT_DATA_V2);
+    
+    /* insert the stat data into the tree */
+#ifdef DISPLACE_NEW_PACKING_LOCALITIES
+    if (REISERFS_I(dir)->new_packing_locality)
+        th->displace_new_blocks = 1;
+#endif
+    retval = reiserfs_insert_item (th, &path_to_key, &key, &ih, inode, (char *)(&sd));
+    if (retval) {
+        err = retval;
+        reiserfs_check_path(&path_to_key) ;
+        goto out_bad_inode;
+    }
+
+#ifdef DISPLACE_NEW_PACKING_LOCALITIES
+    if (!th->displace_new_blocks)
+        REISERFS_I(dir)->new_packing_locality = 0;
+#endif
+    if (S_ISDIR(mode)) {
+        /* insert item with "." and ".." */
+        retval = reiserfs_new_directory (th, inode, &ih, &path_to_key, dir);
+    }
+
+    if (S_ISLNK(mode)) {
+        /* insert body of symlink */
+        if (!old_format_only (sb))
+            i_size = ROUND_UP(i_size);
+        retval = reiserfs_new_symlink (th, inode, &ih, &path_to_key, symname, i_size);
+    }
+    if (retval) {
+        err = retval;
+        reiserfs_check_path(&path_to_key) ;
+        journal_end(th, th->t_super, th->t_blocks_allocated);
+        goto out_inserted_sd;
+    }
+
+    /* XXX CHECK THIS */
+    if (reiserfs_posixacl (inode->i_sb)) {
+        retval = reiserfs_inherit_default_acl (dir, dentry, inode);
+        if (retval) {
+            err = retval;
+            reiserfs_check_path(&path_to_key) ;
+            journal_end(th, th->t_super, th->t_blocks_allocated);
+            goto out_inserted_sd;
+        }
+    } else if (inode->i_sb->s_flags & MS_POSIXACL) {
+        reiserfs_warning (inode->i_sb, "ACLs aren't enabled in the fs, "
+                          "but vfs thinks they are!");
+    } else if (is_reiserfs_priv_object (dir)) {
+        reiserfs_mark_inode_private (inode);
+    }
+
+    insert_inode_hash (inode);
+    reiserfs_update_sd(th, inode);
+    reiserfs_check_path(&path_to_key) ;
+
+    return 0;
+
+/* it looks like you can easily compress these two goto targets into
+ * one.  Keeping it like this doesn't actually hurt anything, and they
+ * are place holders for what the quota code actually needs.
+ */
+out_bad_inode:
+    /* Invalidate the object, nothing was inserted yet */
+    INODE_PKEY(inode)->k_objectid = 0;
+
+    /* Quota change must be inside a transaction for journaling */
+    DQUOT_FREE_INODE(inode);
+
+out_end_trans:
+    journal_end(th, th->t_super, th->t_blocks_allocated) ;
+    /* Drop can be outside and it needs more credits so it's better to have it outside */
+    DQUOT_DROP(inode);
+    inode->i_flags |= S_NOQUOTA;
+    make_bad_inode(inode);
+
+out_inserted_sd:
+    inode->i_nlink = 0;
+    th->t_trans_id = 0; /* so the caller can't use this handle later */
+    iput(inode);
+    return err;
+}
+
+/*
+** finds the tail page in the page cache,
+** reads the last block in.
+**
+** On success, page_result is set to a locked, pinned page, and bh_result
+** is set to an up to date buffer for the last block in the file.  returns 0.
+**
+** tail conversion is not done, so bh_result might not be valid for writing
+** check buffer_mapped(bh_result) and bh_result->b_blocknr != 0 before
+** trying to write the block.
+**
+** on failure, nonzero is returned, page_result and bh_result are untouched.
+*/
+static int grab_tail_page(struct inode *p_s_inode, 
+                          struct page **page_result, 
+                          struct buffer_head **bh_result) {
+
+    /* we want the page with the last byte in the file,
+    ** not the page that will hold the next byte for appending
+    */
+    unsigned long index = (p_s_inode->i_size-1) >> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT ;
+    unsigned long pos = 0 ;
+    unsigned long start = 0 ;
+    unsigned long blocksize = p_s_inode->i_sb->s_blocksize ;
+    unsigned long offset = (p_s_inode->i_size) & (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - 1) ;
+    struct buffer_head *bh ;
+    struct buffer_head *head ;
+    struct page * page ;
+    int error ;
+    
+    /* we know that we are only called with inode->i_size > 0.
+    ** we also know that a file tail can never be as big as a block
+    ** If i_size % blocksize == 0, our file is currently block aligned
+    ** and it won't need converting or zeroing after a truncate.
+    */
+    if ((offset & (blocksize - 1)) == 0) {
+        return -ENOENT ;
+    }
+    page = grab_cache_page(p_s_inode->i_mapping, index) ;
+    error = -ENOMEM ;
+    if (!page) {
+        goto out ;
+    }
+    /* start within the page of the last block in the file */
+    start = (offset / blocksize) * blocksize ;
+
+    error = block_prepare_write(page, start, offset, 
+                                reiserfs_get_block_create_0) ;
+    if (error)
+        goto unlock ;
+
+    head = page_buffers(page) ;      
+    bh = head;
+    do {
+        if (pos >= start) {
+            break ;
+        }
+        bh = bh->b_this_page ;
+        pos += blocksize ;
+    } while(bh != head) ;
+
+    if (!buffer_uptodate(bh)) {
+        /* note, this should never happen, prepare_write should
+        ** be taking care of this for us.  If the buffer isn't up to date,
+        ** I've screwed up the code to find the buffer, or the code to
+        ** call prepare_write
+        */
+        reiserfs_warning (p_s_inode->i_sb,
+                          "clm-6000: error reading block %lu on dev %s",
+                          bh->b_blocknr,
+                          reiserfs_bdevname (p_s_inode->i_sb)) ;
+        error = -EIO ;
+        goto unlock ;
+    }
+    *bh_result = bh ;
+    *page_result = page ;
+
+out:
+    return error ;
+
+unlock:
+    unlock_page(page) ;
+    page_cache_release(page) ;
+    return error ;
+}
+
+/*
+** vfs version of truncate file.  Must NOT be called with
+** a transaction already started.
+**
+** some code taken from block_truncate_page
+*/
+int reiserfs_truncate_file(struct inode *p_s_inode, int update_timestamps) {
+    struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th ;
+    /* we want the offset for the first byte after the end of the file */
+    unsigned long offset = p_s_inode->i_size & (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - 1) ;
+    unsigned blocksize = p_s_inode->i_sb->s_blocksize ;
+    unsigned length ;
+    struct page *page = NULL ;
+    int error ;
+    struct buffer_head *bh = NULL ;
+
+    reiserfs_write_lock(p_s_inode->i_sb);
+
+    if (p_s_inode->i_size > 0) {
+        if ((error = grab_tail_page(p_s_inode, &page, &bh))) {
+            // -ENOENT means we truncated past the end of the file, 
+            // and get_block_create_0 could not find a block to read in,
+            // which is ok.
+            if (error != -ENOENT)
+                reiserfs_warning (p_s_inode->i_sb,
+                                  "clm-6001: grab_tail_page failed %d",
+                                  error);
+            page = NULL ;
+            bh = NULL ;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* so, if page != NULL, we have a buffer head for the offset at 
+    ** the end of the file. if the bh is mapped, and bh->b_blocknr != 0, 
+    ** then we have an unformatted node.  Otherwise, we have a direct item, 
+    ** and no zeroing is required on disk.  We zero after the truncate, 
+    ** because the truncate might pack the item anyway 
+    ** (it will unmap bh if it packs).
+    */
+    /* it is enough to reserve space in transaction for 2 balancings:
+       one for "save" link adding and another for the first
+       cut_from_item. 1 is for update_sd */
+    error = journal_begin (&th, p_s_inode->i_sb,
+                           JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 2 + 1);
+    if (error)
+        goto out;
+    reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(p_s_inode) ;
+    if (update_timestamps)
+            /* we are doing real truncate: if the system crashes before the last
+               transaction of truncating gets committed - on reboot the file
+               either appears truncated properly or not truncated at all */
+        add_save_link (&th, p_s_inode, 1);
+    error = reiserfs_do_truncate (&th, p_s_inode, page, update_timestamps) ;
+    if (error)
+        goto out;
+    error = journal_end (&th, p_s_inode->i_sb, JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 2 + 1);
+    if (error)
+        goto out;
+
+    if (update_timestamps) {
+        error = remove_save_link (p_s_inode, 1/* truncate */);
+        if (error)
+            goto out;
+    }
+
+    if (page) {
+        length = offset & (blocksize - 1) ;
+        /* if we are not on a block boundary */
+        if (length) {
+            char *kaddr;
+
+            length = blocksize - length ;
+            kaddr = kmap_atomic(page, KM_USER0) ;
+            memset(kaddr + offset, 0, length) ;   
+            flush_dcache_page(page) ;
+            kunmap_atomic(kaddr, KM_USER0) ;
+            if (buffer_mapped(bh) && bh->b_blocknr != 0) {
+                mark_buffer_dirty(bh) ;
+            }
+        }
+        unlock_page(page) ;
+        page_cache_release(page) ;
+    }
+
+    reiserfs_write_unlock(p_s_inode->i_sb);
+    return 0;
+out:
+    if (page) {
+        unlock_page (page);
+        page_cache_release (page);
+    }
+    reiserfs_write_unlock(p_s_inode->i_sb);
+    return error;
+}
+
+static int map_block_for_writepage(struct inode *inode, 
+                               struct buffer_head *bh_result, 
+                               unsigned long block) {
+    struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th ;
+    int fs_gen ;
+    struct item_head tmp_ih ;
+    struct item_head *ih ;
+    struct buffer_head *bh ;
+    __u32 *item ;
+    struct cpu_key key ;
+    INITIALIZE_PATH(path) ;
+    int pos_in_item ;
+    int jbegin_count = JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT ;
+    loff_t byte_offset = (block << inode->i_sb->s_blocksize_bits) + 1 ;
+    int retval ;
+    int use_get_block = 0 ;
+    int bytes_copied = 0 ;
+    int copy_size ;
+    int trans_running = 0;
+
+    /* catch places below that try to log something without starting a trans */
+    th.t_trans_id = 0;
+
+    if (!buffer_uptodate(bh_result)) {
+        return -EIO;
+    }
+
+    kmap(bh_result->b_page) ;
+start_over:
+    reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+    make_cpu_key(&key, inode, byte_offset, TYPE_ANY, 3) ;
+
+research:
+    retval = search_for_position_by_key(inode->i_sb, &key, &path) ;
+    if (retval != POSITION_FOUND) {
+        use_get_block = 1;
+        goto out ;
+    } 
+
+    bh = get_last_bh(&path) ;
+    ih = get_ih(&path) ;
+    item = get_item(&path) ;
+    pos_in_item = path.pos_in_item ;
+
+    /* we've found an unformatted node */
+    if (indirect_item_found(retval, ih)) {
+        if (bytes_copied > 0) {
+            reiserfs_warning (inode->i_sb, "clm-6002: bytes_copied %d",
+                              bytes_copied) ;
+        }
+        if (!get_block_num(item, pos_in_item)) {
+            /* crap, we are writing to a hole */
+            use_get_block = 1;
+            goto out ;
+        }
+        set_block_dev_mapped(bh_result, get_block_num(item,pos_in_item),inode);
+    } else if (is_direct_le_ih(ih)) {
+        char *p ; 
+        p = page_address(bh_result->b_page) ;
+        p += (byte_offset -1) & (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - 1) ;
+        copy_size = ih_item_len(ih) - pos_in_item;
+
+        fs_gen = get_generation(inode->i_sb) ;
+        copy_item_head(&tmp_ih, ih) ;
+
+        if (!trans_running) {
+            /* vs-3050 is gone, no need to drop the path */
+            retval = journal_begin(&th, inode->i_sb, jbegin_count) ;
+            if (retval)
+                goto out;
+            reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode) ;
+            trans_running = 1;
+            if (fs_changed(fs_gen, inode->i_sb) && item_moved(&tmp_ih, &path)) {
+                reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(inode->i_sb, bh) ;
+                goto research;
+            }
+        }
+
+        reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(inode->i_sb, bh, 1) ;
+
+        if (fs_changed (fs_gen, inode->i_sb) && item_moved (&tmp_ih, &path)) {
+            reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(inode->i_sb, bh) ;
+            goto research;
+        }
+
+        memcpy( B_I_PITEM(bh, ih) + pos_in_item, p + bytes_copied, copy_size) ;
+
+        journal_mark_dirty(&th, inode->i_sb, bh) ;
+        bytes_copied += copy_size ;
+        set_block_dev_mapped(bh_result, 0, inode);
+
+        /* are there still bytes left? */
+        if (bytes_copied < bh_result->b_size && 
+            (byte_offset + bytes_copied) < inode->i_size) {
+            set_cpu_key_k_offset(&key, cpu_key_k_offset(&key) + copy_size) ;
+            goto research ;
+        }
+    } else {
+        reiserfs_warning (inode->i_sb,
+                          "clm-6003: bad item inode %lu, device %s",
+                          inode->i_ino, reiserfs_bdevname (inode->i_sb)) ;
+        retval = -EIO ;
+        goto out ;
+    }
+    retval = 0 ;
+    
+out:
+    pathrelse(&path) ;
+    if (trans_running) {
+        int err = journal_end(&th, inode->i_sb, jbegin_count) ;
+        if (err)
+            retval = err;
+        trans_running = 0;
+    }
+    reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+
+    /* this is where we fill in holes in the file. */
+    if (use_get_block) {
+        retval = reiserfs_get_block(inode, block, bh_result, 
+                                    GET_BLOCK_CREATE | GET_BLOCK_NO_ISEM |
+                                    GET_BLOCK_NO_DANGLE);
+        if (!retval) {
+            if (!buffer_mapped(bh_result) || bh_result->b_blocknr == 0) {
+                /* get_block failed to find a mapped unformatted node. */
+                use_get_block = 0 ;
+                goto start_over ;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    kunmap(bh_result->b_page) ;
+
+    if (!retval && buffer_mapped(bh_result) && bh_result->b_blocknr == 0) {
+        /* we've copied data from the page into the direct item, so the
+         * buffer in the page is now clean, mark it to reflect that.
+         */
+        lock_buffer(bh_result);
+        clear_buffer_dirty(bh_result);
+        unlock_buffer(bh_result);
+    }
+    return retval ;
+}
+
+/* 
+ * mason@suse.com: updated in 2.5.54 to follow the same general io 
+ * start/recovery path as __block_write_full_page, along with special
+ * code to handle reiserfs tails.
+ */
+static int reiserfs_write_full_page(struct page *page, struct writeback_control *wbc) {
+    struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host ;
+    unsigned long end_index = inode->i_size >> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT ;
+    int error = 0;
+    unsigned long block ;
+    struct buffer_head *head, *bh;
+    int partial = 0 ;
+    int nr = 0;
+    int checked = PageChecked(page);
+    struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+    struct super_block *s = inode->i_sb;
+    int bh_per_page = PAGE_CACHE_SIZE / s->s_blocksize;
+    th.t_trans_id = 0;
+
+    /* The page dirty bit is cleared before writepage is called, which
+     * means we have to tell create_empty_buffers to make dirty buffers
+     * The page really should be up to date at this point, so tossing
+     * in the BH_Uptodate is just a sanity check.
+     */
+    if (!page_has_buffers(page)) {
+        create_empty_buffers(page, s->s_blocksize,
+                            (1 << BH_Dirty) | (1 << BH_Uptodate));
+    }
+    head = page_buffers(page) ;
+
+    /* last page in the file, zero out any contents past the
+    ** last byte in the file
+    */
+    if (page->index >= end_index) {
+        char *kaddr;
+        unsigned last_offset;
+
+        last_offset = inode->i_size & (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - 1) ;
+        /* no file contents in this page */
+        if (page->index >= end_index + 1 || !last_offset) {
+            unlock_page(page);
+            return 0;
+        }
+        kaddr = kmap_atomic(page, KM_USER0);
+        memset(kaddr + last_offset, 0, PAGE_CACHE_SIZE-last_offset) ;
+        flush_dcache_page(page) ;
+        kunmap_atomic(kaddr, KM_USER0) ;
+    }
+    bh = head ;
+    block = page->index << (PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT - s->s_blocksize_bits) ;
+    /* first map all the buffers, logging any direct items we find */
+    do {
+        if ((checked || buffer_dirty(bh)) && (!buffer_mapped(bh) ||
+           (buffer_mapped(bh) && bh->b_blocknr == 0))) {
+            /* not mapped yet, or it points to a direct item, search
+             * the btree for the mapping info, and log any direct
+             * items found
+             */
+            if ((error = map_block_for_writepage(inode, bh, block))) {
+                goto fail ;
+            }
+        }
+        bh = bh->b_this_page;
+        block++;
+    } while(bh != head) ;
+
+    /*
+     * we start the transaction after map_block_for_writepage,
+     * because it can create holes in the file (an unbounded operation).
+     * starting it here, we can make a reliable estimate for how many
+     * blocks we're going to log
+     */
+    if (checked) {
+        ClearPageChecked(page);
+        reiserfs_write_lock(s);
+        error = journal_begin(&th, s, bh_per_page + 1);
+        if (error) {
+            reiserfs_write_unlock(s);
+            goto fail;
+        }
+        reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode);
+    }
+    /* now go through and lock any dirty buffers on the page */
+    do {
+        get_bh(bh);
+        if (!buffer_mapped(bh))
+            continue;
+        if (buffer_mapped(bh) && bh->b_blocknr == 0)
+            continue;
+
+        if (checked) {
+            reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(s, bh, 1);
+            journal_mark_dirty(&th, s, bh);
+            continue;
+        }
+        /* from this point on, we know the buffer is mapped to a
+         * real block and not a direct item
+         */
+        if (wbc->sync_mode != WB_SYNC_NONE || !wbc->nonblocking) {
+            lock_buffer(bh);
+        } else {
+            if (test_set_buffer_locked(bh)) {
+                redirty_page_for_writepage(wbc, page);
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+        if (test_clear_buffer_dirty(bh)) {
+            mark_buffer_async_write(bh);
+        } else {
+            unlock_buffer(bh);
+        }
+    } while((bh = bh->b_this_page) != head);
+
+    if (checked) {
+        error = journal_end(&th, s, bh_per_page + 1);
+        reiserfs_write_unlock(s);
+        if (error)
+            goto fail;
+    }
+    BUG_ON(PageWriteback(page));
+    set_page_writeback(page);
+    unlock_page(page);
+
+    /*
+     * since any buffer might be the only dirty buffer on the page, 
+     * the first submit_bh can bring the page out of writeback.
+     * be careful with the buffers.
+     */
+    do {
+        struct buffer_head *next = bh->b_this_page;
+        if (buffer_async_write(bh)) {
+            submit_bh(WRITE, bh);
+            nr++;
+        }
+        put_bh(bh);
+        bh = next;
+    } while(bh != head);
+
+    error = 0;
+done:
+    if (nr == 0) {
+        /*
+         * if this page only had a direct item, it is very possible for
+         * no io to be required without there being an error.  Or, 
+         * someone else could have locked them and sent them down the 
+         * pipe without locking the page
+         */
+        bh = head ;
+        do {
+            if (!buffer_uptodate(bh)) {
+                partial = 1;
+                break;
+            }
+            bh = bh->b_this_page;
+        } while(bh != head);
+        if (!partial)
+            SetPageUptodate(page);
+        end_page_writeback(page);
+    }
+    return error;
+
+fail:
+    /* catches various errors, we need to make sure any valid dirty blocks
+     * get to the media.  The page is currently locked and not marked for 
+     * writeback
+     */
+    ClearPageUptodate(page);
+    bh = head;
+    do {
+        get_bh(bh);
+        if (buffer_mapped(bh) && buffer_dirty(bh) && bh->b_blocknr) {
+            lock_buffer(bh);
+            mark_buffer_async_write(bh);
+        } else {
+            /*
+             * clear any dirty bits that might have come from getting
+             * attached to a dirty page
+             */
+             clear_buffer_dirty(bh);
+        }
+        bh = bh->b_this_page;
+    } while(bh != head);
+    SetPageError(page);
+    BUG_ON(PageWriteback(page));
+    set_page_writeback(page);
+    unlock_page(page);
+    do {
+        struct buffer_head *next = bh->b_this_page;
+        if (buffer_async_write(bh)) {
+            clear_buffer_dirty(bh);
+            submit_bh(WRITE, bh);
+            nr++;
+        }
+        put_bh(bh);
+        bh = next;
+    } while(bh != head);
+    goto done;
+}
+
+
+static int reiserfs_readpage (struct file *f, struct page * page)
+{
+    return block_read_full_page (page, reiserfs_get_block);
+}
+
+
+static int reiserfs_writepage (struct page * page, struct writeback_control *wbc)
+{
+    struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host ;
+    reiserfs_wait_on_write_block(inode->i_sb) ;
+    return reiserfs_write_full_page(page, wbc) ;
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_prepare_write(struct file *f, struct page *page,
+                           unsigned from, unsigned to) {
+    struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host ;
+    int ret;
+    int old_ref = 0;
+
+    reiserfs_wait_on_write_block(inode->i_sb) ;
+    fix_tail_page_for_writing(page) ;
+    if (reiserfs_transaction_running(inode->i_sb)) {
+        struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th;
+        th = (struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *)current->journal_info;
+        BUG_ON (!th->t_refcount);
+        BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+        old_ref = th->t_refcount;
+        th->t_refcount++;
+    }
+
+    ret = block_prepare_write(page, from, to, reiserfs_get_block) ;
+    if (ret && reiserfs_transaction_running(inode->i_sb)) {
+        struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th = current->journal_info;
+        /* this gets a little ugly.  If reiserfs_get_block returned an
+         * error and left a transacstion running, we've got to close it,
+         * and we've got to free handle if it was a persistent transaction.
+         *
+         * But, if we had nested into an existing transaction, we need
+         * to just drop the ref count on the handle.
+         *
+         * If old_ref == 0, the transaction is from reiserfs_get_block,
+         * and it was a persistent trans.  Otherwise, it was nested above.
+         */
+        if (th->t_refcount > old_ref) {
+            if (old_ref)
+                th->t_refcount--;
+            else {
+                int err;
+                reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+                err = reiserfs_end_persistent_transaction(th);
+                reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+                if (err)
+                    ret = err;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return ret;
+
+}
+
+
+static sector_t reiserfs_aop_bmap(struct address_space *as, sector_t block) {
+  return generic_block_bmap(as, block, reiserfs_bmap) ;
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_commit_write(struct file *f, struct page *page, 
+                                 unsigned from, unsigned to) {
+    struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host ;
+    loff_t pos = ((loff_t)page->index << PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT) + to;
+    int ret = 0;
+    int update_sd = 0;
+    struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th = NULL;
+    
+    reiserfs_wait_on_write_block(inode->i_sb) ;
+    if (reiserfs_transaction_running(inode->i_sb)) {
+        th = current->journal_info;
+    }
+    reiserfs_commit_page(inode, page, from, to);
+ 
+    /* generic_commit_write does this for us, but does not update the
+    ** transaction tracking stuff when the size changes.  So, we have
+    ** to do the i_size updates here.
+    */
+    if (pos > inode->i_size) {
+        struct reiserfs_transaction_handle myth ;
+        reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+        /* If the file have grown beyond the border where it
+           can have a tail, unmark it as needing a tail
+           packing */
+        if ( (have_large_tails (inode->i_sb) && inode->i_size > i_block_size (inode)*4) ||
+             (have_small_tails (inode->i_sb) && inode->i_size > i_block_size(inode)) )
+            REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags &= ~i_pack_on_close_mask ;
+
+        ret = journal_begin(&myth, inode->i_sb, 1) ;
+        if (ret) {
+            reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+            goto journal_error;
+        }
+        reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode) ;
+        inode->i_size = pos ;
+        reiserfs_update_sd(&myth, inode) ;
+        update_sd = 1;
+        ret = journal_end(&myth, inode->i_sb, 1) ;
+        reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+        if (ret)
+            goto journal_error;
+    }
+    if (th) {
+        reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+        if (!update_sd)
+            reiserfs_update_sd(th, inode) ;
+        ret = reiserfs_end_persistent_transaction(th);
+        reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+        if (ret)
+            goto out;
+    }
+ 
+    /* we test for O_SYNC here so we can commit the transaction
+    ** for any packed tails the file might have had
+    */
+    if (f && (f->f_flags & O_SYNC)) {
+        reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+        ret = reiserfs_commit_for_inode(inode) ;
+        reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+    }
+out:
+    return ret ;
+
+journal_error:
+    if (th) {
+        reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+        if (!update_sd)
+            reiserfs_update_sd(th, inode) ;
+        ret = reiserfs_end_persistent_transaction(th);
+        reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+void sd_attrs_to_i_attrs( __u16 sd_attrs, struct inode *inode )
+{
+        if( reiserfs_attrs( inode -> i_sb ) ) {
+                if( sd_attrs & REISERFS_SYNC_FL )
+                        inode -> i_flags |= S_SYNC;
+                else
+                        inode -> i_flags &= ~S_SYNC;
+                if( sd_attrs & REISERFS_IMMUTABLE_FL )
+                        inode -> i_flags |= S_IMMUTABLE;
+                else
+                        inode -> i_flags &= ~S_IMMUTABLE;
+                if( sd_attrs & REISERFS_APPEND_FL )
+                        inode -> i_flags |= S_APPEND;
+                else
+                        inode -> i_flags &= ~S_APPEND;
+                if( sd_attrs & REISERFS_NOATIME_FL )
+                        inode -> i_flags |= S_NOATIME;
+                else
+                        inode -> i_flags &= ~S_NOATIME;
+                if( sd_attrs & REISERFS_NOTAIL_FL )
+                        REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags |= i_nopack_mask;
+                else
+                        REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags &= ~i_nopack_mask;
+        }
+}
+
+void i_attrs_to_sd_attrs( struct inode *inode, __u16 *sd_attrs )
+{
+        if( reiserfs_attrs( inode -> i_sb ) ) {
+                if( inode -> i_flags & S_IMMUTABLE )
+                        *sd_attrs |= REISERFS_IMMUTABLE_FL;
+                else
+                        *sd_attrs &= ~REISERFS_IMMUTABLE_FL;
+                if( inode -> i_flags & S_SYNC )
+                        *sd_attrs |= REISERFS_SYNC_FL;
+                else
+                        *sd_attrs &= ~REISERFS_SYNC_FL;
+                if( inode -> i_flags & S_NOATIME )
+                        *sd_attrs |= REISERFS_NOATIME_FL;
+                else
+                        *sd_attrs &= ~REISERFS_NOATIME_FL;
+                if( REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags & i_nopack_mask )
+                        *sd_attrs |= REISERFS_NOTAIL_FL;
+                else
+                        *sd_attrs &= ~REISERFS_NOTAIL_FL;
+        }
+}
+
+/* decide if this buffer needs to stay around for data logging or ordered
+** write purposes
+*/
+static int invalidatepage_can_drop(struct inode *inode, struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+    int ret = 1 ;
+    struct reiserfs_journal *j = SB_JOURNAL(inode->i_sb) ;
+
+    spin_lock(&j->j_dirty_buffers_lock) ;
+    if (!buffer_mapped(bh)) {
+        goto free_jh;
+    }
+    /* the page is locked, and the only places that log a data buffer
+     * also lock the page.
+     */
+    if (reiserfs_file_data_log(inode)) {
+        /*
+         * very conservative, leave the buffer pinned if
+         * anyone might need it.
+         */
+        if (buffer_journaled(bh) || buffer_journal_dirty(bh)) {
+            ret = 0 ;
+        }
+    } else
+    if (buffer_dirty(bh) || buffer_locked(bh)) {
+        struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl;
+        struct reiserfs_jh *jh = bh->b_private;
+
+        /* why is this safe?
+         * reiserfs_setattr updates i_size in the on disk
+         * stat data before allowing vmtruncate to be called.
+         *
+         * If buffer was put onto the ordered list for this
+         * transaction, we know for sure either this transaction
+         * or an older one already has updated i_size on disk,
+         * and this ordered data won't be referenced in the file
+         * if we crash.
+         *
+         * if the buffer was put onto the ordered list for an older
+         * transaction, we need to leave it around
+         */
+        if (jh && (jl = jh->jl) && jl != SB_JOURNAL(inode->i_sb)->j_current_jl)
+            ret = 0;
+    }
+free_jh:
+    if (ret && bh->b_private) {
+        reiserfs_free_jh(bh);
+    }
+    spin_unlock(&j->j_dirty_buffers_lock) ;
+    return ret ;
+}
+
+/* clm -- taken from fs/buffer.c:block_invalidate_page */
+static int reiserfs_invalidatepage(struct page *page, unsigned long offset)
+{
+    struct buffer_head *head, *bh, *next;
+    struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
+    unsigned int curr_off = 0;
+    int ret = 1;
+
+    BUG_ON(!PageLocked(page));
+
+    if (offset == 0)
+        ClearPageChecked(page);
+
+    if (!page_has_buffers(page))
+        goto out;
+
+    head = page_buffers(page);
+    bh = head;
+    do {
+        unsigned int next_off = curr_off + bh->b_size;
+        next = bh->b_this_page;
+
+        /*
+         * is this block fully invalidated?
+         */
+        if (offset <= curr_off) {
+            if (invalidatepage_can_drop(inode, bh))
+                reiserfs_unmap_buffer(bh);
+            else
+                ret = 0;
+        }
+        curr_off = next_off;
+        bh = next;
+    } while (bh != head);
+
+    /*
+     * We release buffers only if the entire page is being invalidated.
+     * The get_block cached value has been unconditionally invalidated,
+     * so real IO is not possible anymore.
+     */
+    if (!offset && ret)
+        ret = try_to_release_page(page, 0);
+out:
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_set_page_dirty(struct page *page) {
+    struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
+    if (reiserfs_file_data_log(inode)) {
+        SetPageChecked(page);
+        return __set_page_dirty_nobuffers(page);
+    }
+    return __set_page_dirty_buffers(page);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns 1 if the page's buffers were dropped.  The page is locked.
+ *
+ * Takes j_dirty_buffers_lock to protect the b_assoc_buffers list_heads
+ * in the buffers at page_buffers(page).
+ *
+ * even in -o notail mode, we can't be sure an old mount without -o notail
+ * didn't create files with tails.
+ */
+static int reiserfs_releasepage(struct page *page, int unused_gfp_flags)
+{
+    struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host ;
+    struct reiserfs_journal *j = SB_JOURNAL(inode->i_sb) ;
+    struct buffer_head *head ;
+    struct buffer_head *bh ;
+    int ret = 1 ;
+
+    WARN_ON(PageChecked(page));
+    spin_lock(&j->j_dirty_buffers_lock) ;
+    head = page_buffers(page) ;
+    bh = head ;
+    do {
+        if (bh->b_private) {
+            if (!buffer_dirty(bh) && !buffer_locked(bh)) {
+                reiserfs_free_jh(bh);
+            } else {
+                ret = 0 ;
+                break ;
+            }
+        }
+        bh = bh->b_this_page ;
+    } while (bh != head) ;
+    if (ret)
+        ret = try_to_free_buffers(page) ;
+    spin_unlock(&j->j_dirty_buffers_lock) ;
+    return ret ;
+}
+
+/* We thank Mingming Cao for helping us understand in great detail what
+   to do in this section of the code. */
+static ssize_t reiserfs_direct_IO(int rw, struct kiocb *iocb,
+                const struct iovec *iov, loff_t offset, unsigned long nr_segs)
+{
+    struct file *file = iocb->ki_filp;
+    struct inode *inode = file->f_mapping->host;
+
+    return blockdev_direct_IO(rw, iocb, inode, inode->i_sb->s_bdev, iov,
+                        offset, nr_segs, reiserfs_get_blocks_direct_io, NULL);
+}
+
+int reiserfs_setattr(struct dentry *dentry, struct iattr *attr) {
+    struct inode *inode = dentry->d_inode ;
+    int error ;
+    unsigned int ia_valid = attr->ia_valid;
+    reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+    if (attr->ia_valid & ATTR_SIZE) {
+        /* version 2 items will be caught by the s_maxbytes check
+        ** done for us in vmtruncate
+        */
+        if (get_inode_item_key_version(inode) == KEY_FORMAT_3_5 &&
+            attr->ia_size > MAX_NON_LFS) {
+            error = -EFBIG ;
+            goto out;
+        }
+        /* fill in hole pointers in the expanding truncate case. */
+        if (attr->ia_size > inode->i_size) {
+            error = generic_cont_expand(inode, attr->ia_size) ;
+            if (REISERFS_I(inode)->i_prealloc_count > 0) {
+                int err;
+                struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th ;
+                /* we're changing at most 2 bitmaps, inode + super */
+                err = journal_begin(&th, inode->i_sb, 4) ;
+                if (!err) {
+                    reiserfs_discard_prealloc (&th, inode);
+                    err = journal_end(&th, inode->i_sb, 4) ;
+                }
+                if (err)
+                    error = err;
+            }
+            if (error)
+                goto out;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if ((((attr->ia_valid & ATTR_UID) && (attr->ia_uid & ~0xffff)) ||
+         ((attr->ia_valid & ATTR_GID) && (attr->ia_gid & ~0xffff))) &&
+        (get_inode_sd_version (inode) == STAT_DATA_V1)) {
+                /* stat data of format v3.5 has 16 bit uid and gid */
+            error = -EINVAL;
+            goto out;
+        }
+
+    error = inode_change_ok(inode, attr) ;
+    if (!error) {
+        if ((ia_valid & ATTR_UID && attr->ia_uid != inode->i_uid) ||
+            (ia_valid & ATTR_GID && attr->ia_gid != inode->i_gid)) {
+                error = reiserfs_chown_xattrs (inode, attr);
+
+                if (!error) {
+                    struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+
+                    /* (user+group)*(old+new) structure - we count quota info and , inode write (sb, inode) */
+                    journal_begin(&th, inode->i_sb, 4*REISERFS_QUOTA_INIT_BLOCKS+2);
+                    error = DQUOT_TRANSFER(inode, attr) ? -EDQUOT : 0;
+                    if (error) {
+                        journal_end(&th, inode->i_sb, 4*REISERFS_QUOTA_INIT_BLOCKS+2);
+                        goto out;
+                    }
+                    /* Update corresponding info in inode so that everything is in
+                     * one transaction */
+                    if (attr->ia_valid & ATTR_UID)
+                        inode->i_uid = attr->ia_uid;
+                    if (attr->ia_valid & ATTR_GID)
+                        inode->i_gid = attr->ia_gid;
+                    mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+                    journal_end(&th, inode->i_sb, 4*REISERFS_QUOTA_INIT_BLOCKS+2);
+                }
+        }
+        if (!error)
+            error = inode_setattr(inode, attr) ;
+    }
+
+
+    if (!error && reiserfs_posixacl (inode->i_sb)) {
+        if (attr->ia_valid & ATTR_MODE)
+            error = reiserfs_acl_chmod (inode);
+    }
+
+out:
+    reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+    return error ;
+}
+
+
+
+struct address_space_operations reiserfs_address_space_operations = {
+    .writepage = reiserfs_writepage,
+    .readpage = reiserfs_readpage, 
+    .readpages = reiserfs_readpages, 
+    .releasepage = reiserfs_releasepage,
+    .invalidatepage = reiserfs_invalidatepage,
+    .sync_page = block_sync_page,
+    .prepare_write = reiserfs_prepare_write,
+    .commit_write = reiserfs_commit_write,
+    .bmap = reiserfs_aop_bmap,
+    .direct_IO = reiserfs_direct_IO,
+    .set_page_dirty = reiserfs_set_page_dirty,
+} ;
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/ioctl.c b/fs/reiserfs/ioctl.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..94dc42475a04
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/ioctl.c
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, licensing governed by reiserfs/README
+ */
+
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_fs.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <asm/uaccess.h>
+#include <linux/pagemap.h>
+#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
+
+static int reiserfs_unpack (struct inode * inode, struct file * filp);
+
+/*
+** reiserfs_ioctl - handler for ioctl for inode
+** supported commands:
+**  1) REISERFS_IOC_UNPACK - try to unpack tail from direct item into indirect
+**                           and prevent packing file (argument arg has to be non-zero)
+**  2) REISERFS_IOC_[GS]ETFLAGS, REISERFS_IOC_[GS]ETVERSION
+**  3) That's all for a while ...
+*/
+int reiserfs_ioctl (struct inode * inode, struct file * filp, unsigned int cmd,
+                unsigned long arg)
+{
+        unsigned int flags;
+
+        switch (cmd) {
+            case REISERFS_IOC_UNPACK:
+                if( S_ISREG( inode -> i_mode ) ) {
+                if (arg)
+                    return reiserfs_unpack (inode, filp);
+                        else
+                                return 0;
+                } else
+                        return -ENOTTY;
+        /* following two cases are taken from fs/ext2/ioctl.c by Remy
+           Card (card@masi.ibp.fr) */
+        case REISERFS_IOC_GETFLAGS:
+                flags = REISERFS_I(inode) -> i_attrs;
+                i_attrs_to_sd_attrs( inode, ( __u16 * ) &flags );
+                return put_user(flags, (int __user *) arg);
+        case REISERFS_IOC_SETFLAGS: {
+                if (IS_RDONLY(inode))
+                        return -EROFS;
+
+                if ((current->fsuid != inode->i_uid) && !capable(CAP_FOWNER))
+                        return -EPERM;
+
+                if (get_user(flags, (int __user *) arg))
+                        return -EFAULT;
+
+                if ( ( ( flags ^ REISERFS_I(inode) -> i_attrs) & ( REISERFS_IMMUTABLE_FL | REISERFS_APPEND_FL)) &&
+                     !capable( CAP_LINUX_IMMUTABLE ) )
+                        return -EPERM;
+                        
+                if( ( flags & REISERFS_NOTAIL_FL ) &&
+                    S_ISREG( inode -> i_mode ) ) {
+                                int result;
+
+                                result = reiserfs_unpack( inode, filp );
+                                if( result )
+                                        return result;
+                }
+                sd_attrs_to_i_attrs( flags, inode );
+                REISERFS_I(inode) -> i_attrs = flags;
+                inode->i_ctime = CURRENT_TIME_SEC;
+                mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+                return 0;
+        }
+        case REISERFS_IOC_GETVERSION:
+                return put_user(inode->i_generation, (int __user *) arg);
+        case REISERFS_IOC_SETVERSION:
+                if ((current->fsuid != inode->i_uid) && !capable(CAP_FOWNER))
+                        return -EPERM;
+                if (IS_RDONLY(inode))
+                        return -EROFS;
+                if (get_user(inode->i_generation, (int __user *) arg))
+                        return -EFAULT; 
+                inode->i_ctime = CURRENT_TIME_SEC;
+                mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+                return 0;
+        default:
+                return -ENOTTY;
+        }
+}
+
+/*
+** reiserfs_unpack
+** Function try to convert tail from direct item into indirect.
+** It set up nopack attribute in the REISERFS_I(inode)->nopack
+*/
+static int reiserfs_unpack (struct inode * inode, struct file * filp)
+{
+    int retval = 0;
+    int index ;
+    struct page *page ;
+    struct address_space *mapping ;
+    unsigned long write_from ;
+    unsigned long blocksize = inode->i_sb->s_blocksize ;
+        
+    if (inode->i_size == 0) {
+        REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags |= i_nopack_mask;
+        return 0 ;
+    }
+    /* ioctl already done */
+    if (REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags & i_nopack_mask) {
+        return 0 ;
+    }
+    reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+
+    /* we need to make sure nobody is changing the file size beneath
+    ** us
+    */
+    down(&inode->i_sem) ;
+
+    write_from = inode->i_size & (blocksize - 1) ;
+    /* if we are on a block boundary, we are already unpacked.  */
+    if ( write_from == 0) {
+        REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags |= i_nopack_mask;
+        goto out ;
+    }
+
+    /* we unpack by finding the page with the tail, and calling
+    ** reiserfs_prepare_write on that page.  This will force a 
+    ** reiserfs_get_block to unpack the tail for us.
+    */
+    index = inode->i_size >> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT ;
+    mapping = inode->i_mapping ;
+    page = grab_cache_page(mapping, index) ;
+    retval = -ENOMEM;
+    if (!page) {
+        goto out ;
+    }
+    retval = mapping->a_ops->prepare_write(NULL, page, write_from, write_from) ;
+    if (retval)
+        goto out_unlock ;
+
+    /* conversion can change page contents, must flush */
+    flush_dcache_page(page) ;
+    retval = mapping->a_ops->commit_write(NULL, page, write_from, write_from) ;
+    REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags |= i_nopack_mask;
+
+out_unlock:
+    unlock_page(page) ;
+    page_cache_release(page) ;
+
+out:
+    up(&inode->i_sem) ;
+    reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+    return retval;
+}
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/item_ops.c b/fs/reiserfs/item_ops.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..9cf7c13b120d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/item_ops.c
@@ -0,0 +1,788 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, licensing governed by reiserfs/README
+ */
+
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_fs.h>
+
+// this contains item handlers for old item types: sd, direct,
+// indirect, directory
+
+/* and where are the comments? how about saying where we can find an
+   explanation of each item handler method? -Hans */
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// stat data functions
+//
+static int sd_bytes_number (struct item_head * ih, int block_size)
+{
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static void sd_decrement_key (struct cpu_key * key)
+{
+    key->on_disk_key.k_objectid --;
+    set_cpu_key_k_type (key, TYPE_ANY);
+    set_cpu_key_k_offset(key, (loff_t)(-1));
+}
+
+static int sd_is_left_mergeable (struct reiserfs_key * key, unsigned long bsize)
+{
+    return 0;
+}
+
+
+
+static char * print_time (time_t t)
+{
+    static char timebuf[256];
+
+    sprintf (timebuf, "%ld", t);
+    return timebuf;
+}
+
+
+static void sd_print_item (struct item_head * ih, char * item)
+{
+    printk ("\tmode | size | nlinks | first direct | mtime\n");
+    if (stat_data_v1 (ih)) {
+        struct stat_data_v1 * sd = (struct stat_data_v1 *)item;
+
+        printk ("\t0%-6o | %6u | %2u | %d | %s\n", sd_v1_mode(sd),
+                sd_v1_size(sd), sd_v1_nlink(sd), sd_v1_first_direct_byte(sd),
+                print_time( sd_v1_mtime(sd) ) );
+    } else {
+        struct stat_data * sd = (struct stat_data *)item;
+
+        printk ("\t0%-6o | %6Lu | %2u | %d | %s\n", sd_v2_mode(sd),
+            (unsigned long long)sd_v2_size(sd), sd_v2_nlink(sd),
+            sd_v2_rdev(sd), print_time(sd_v2_mtime(sd)));
+    }
+}
+
+static void sd_check_item (struct item_head * ih, char * item)
+{
+    // FIXME: type something here!
+}
+
+
+static int sd_create_vi (struct virtual_node * vn,
+                         struct virtual_item * vi, 
+                         int is_affected, 
+                         int insert_size)
+{
+    vi->vi_index = TYPE_STAT_DATA;
+    //vi->vi_type |= VI_TYPE_STAT_DATA;// not needed?
+    return 0;
+}
+
+
+static int sd_check_left (struct virtual_item * vi, int free, 
+                          int start_skip, int end_skip)
+{
+    if (start_skip || end_skip)
+        BUG ();
+    return -1;
+}
+
+
+static int sd_check_right (struct virtual_item * vi, int free)
+{
+    return -1;
+}
+
+static int sd_part_size (struct virtual_item * vi, int first, int count)
+{
+    if (count)
+        BUG ();
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int sd_unit_num (struct virtual_item * vi)
+{
+    return vi->vi_item_len - IH_SIZE;
+}
+
+
+static void sd_print_vi (struct virtual_item * vi)
+{
+    reiserfs_warning (NULL, "STATDATA, index %d, type 0x%x, %h",
+                      vi->vi_index, vi->vi_type, vi->vi_ih);
+}
+
+static struct item_operations stat_data_ops = {
+        .bytes_number           = sd_bytes_number,
+        .decrement_key          = sd_decrement_key,
+        .is_left_mergeable      = sd_is_left_mergeable,
+        .print_item             = sd_print_item,
+        .check_item             = sd_check_item,
+
+        .create_vi              = sd_create_vi,
+        .check_left             = sd_check_left,
+        .check_right            = sd_check_right,
+        .part_size              = sd_part_size,
+        .unit_num               = sd_unit_num,
+        .print_vi               = sd_print_vi
+};
+
+
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// direct item functions
+//
+static int direct_bytes_number (struct item_head * ih, int block_size)
+{
+  return ih_item_len(ih);
+}
+
+
+// FIXME: this should probably switch to indirect as well
+static void direct_decrement_key (struct cpu_key * key)
+{
+    cpu_key_k_offset_dec (key);
+    if (cpu_key_k_offset (key) == 0)
+        set_cpu_key_k_type (key, TYPE_STAT_DATA);       
+}
+
+
+static int direct_is_left_mergeable (struct reiserfs_key * key, unsigned long bsize)
+{
+    int version = le_key_version (key);
+    return ((le_key_k_offset (version, key) & (bsize - 1)) != 1);
+}
+
+
+static void direct_print_item (struct item_head * ih, char * item)
+{
+    int j = 0;
+
+//    return;
+    printk ("\"");
+    while (j < ih_item_len(ih))
+        printk ("%c", item[j++]);
+    printk ("\"\n");
+}
+
+
+static void direct_check_item (struct item_head * ih, char * item)
+{
+    // FIXME: type something here!
+}
+
+
+static int direct_create_vi (struct virtual_node * vn,
+                             struct virtual_item * vi, 
+                             int is_affected, 
+                             int insert_size)
+{
+    vi->vi_index = TYPE_DIRECT;
+    //vi->vi_type |= VI_TYPE_DIRECT;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int direct_check_left (struct virtual_item * vi, int free,
+                              int start_skip, int end_skip)
+{
+    int bytes;
+
+    bytes = free - free % 8;
+    return bytes ?: -1;    
+}
+
+
+static int direct_check_right (struct virtual_item * vi, int free)
+{
+    return direct_check_left (vi, free, 0, 0);
+}
+
+static int direct_part_size (struct virtual_item * vi, int first, int count)
+{
+    return count;
+}
+
+
+static int direct_unit_num (struct virtual_item * vi)
+{
+    return vi->vi_item_len - IH_SIZE;
+}
+
+
+static void direct_print_vi (struct virtual_item * vi)
+{
+    reiserfs_warning (NULL, "DIRECT, index %d, type 0x%x, %h",
+                      vi->vi_index, vi->vi_type, vi->vi_ih);
+}
+
+static struct item_operations direct_ops = {
+        .bytes_number           = direct_bytes_number,
+        .decrement_key          = direct_decrement_key,
+        .is_left_mergeable      = direct_is_left_mergeable,
+        .print_item             = direct_print_item,
+        .check_item             = direct_check_item,
+
+        .create_vi              = direct_create_vi,
+        .check_left             = direct_check_left,
+        .check_right            = direct_check_right,
+        .part_size              = direct_part_size,
+        .unit_num               = direct_unit_num,
+        .print_vi               = direct_print_vi
+};
+
+
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// indirect item functions
+//
+
+static int indirect_bytes_number (struct item_head * ih, int block_size)
+{
+  return ih_item_len(ih) / UNFM_P_SIZE * block_size; //- get_ih_free_space (ih);
+}
+
+
+// decrease offset, if it becomes 0, change type to stat data
+static void indirect_decrement_key (struct cpu_key * key)
+{
+    cpu_key_k_offset_dec (key);
+    if (cpu_key_k_offset (key) == 0)
+        set_cpu_key_k_type (key, TYPE_STAT_DATA);
+}
+
+
+// if it is not first item of the body, then it is mergeable
+static int indirect_is_left_mergeable (struct reiserfs_key * key, unsigned long bsize)
+{
+    int version = le_key_version (key);
+    return (le_key_k_offset (version, key) != 1);
+}
+
+
+// printing of indirect item
+static void start_new_sequence (__u32 * start, int * len, __u32 new)
+{
+    *start = new;
+    *len = 1;
+}
+
+
+static int sequence_finished (__u32 start, int * len, __u32 new)
+{
+    if (start == INT_MAX)
+        return 1;
+
+    if (start == 0 && new == 0) {
+        (*len) ++;
+        return 0;
+    }
+    if (start != 0 && (start + *len) == new) {
+        (*len) ++;
+        return 0;
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+static void print_sequence (__u32 start, int len)
+{
+    if (start == INT_MAX)
+        return;
+
+    if (len == 1)
+        printk (" %d", start);
+    else
+        printk (" %d(%d)", start, len);
+}
+
+
+static void indirect_print_item (struct item_head * ih, char * item)
+{
+    int j;
+    __u32 * unp, prev = INT_MAX;
+    int num;
+
+    unp = (__u32 *)item;
+
+    if (ih_item_len(ih) % UNFM_P_SIZE)
+        reiserfs_warning (NULL, "indirect_print_item: invalid item len");
+
+    printk ("%d pointers\n[ ", (int)I_UNFM_NUM (ih));
+    for (j = 0; j < I_UNFM_NUM (ih); j ++) {
+        if (sequence_finished (prev, &num, get_block_num(unp, j))) {
+            print_sequence (prev, num);
+            start_new_sequence (&prev, &num, get_block_num(unp, j));
+        }
+    }
+    print_sequence (prev, num);
+    printk ("]\n");
+}
+
+static void indirect_check_item (struct item_head * ih, char * item)
+{
+    // FIXME: type something here!
+}
+
+
+static int indirect_create_vi (struct virtual_node * vn,
+                               struct virtual_item * vi, 
+                               int is_affected, 
+                               int insert_size)
+{
+    vi->vi_index = TYPE_INDIRECT;
+    //vi->vi_type |= VI_TYPE_INDIRECT;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int indirect_check_left (struct virtual_item * vi, int free,
+                                int start_skip, int end_skip)
+{
+    int bytes;
+
+    bytes = free - free % UNFM_P_SIZE;
+    return bytes ?: -1;    
+}
+
+
+static int indirect_check_right (struct virtual_item * vi, int free)
+{
+    return indirect_check_left (vi, free, 0, 0);
+}
+
+
+
+// return size in bytes of 'units' units. If first == 0 - calculate from the head (left), otherwise - from tail (right)
+static int indirect_part_size (struct virtual_item * vi, int first, int units)
+{
+    // unit of indirect item is byte (yet)
+    return units;
+}
+
+static int indirect_unit_num (struct virtual_item * vi)
+{
+    // unit of indirect item is byte (yet)
+    return vi->vi_item_len - IH_SIZE;
+}
+
+static void indirect_print_vi (struct virtual_item * vi)
+{
+    reiserfs_warning (NULL, "INDIRECT, index %d, type 0x%x, %h",
+                      vi->vi_index, vi->vi_type, vi->vi_ih);
+}
+
+static struct item_operations indirect_ops = {
+        .bytes_number           = indirect_bytes_number,
+        .decrement_key          = indirect_decrement_key,
+        .is_left_mergeable      = indirect_is_left_mergeable,
+        .print_item             = indirect_print_item,
+        .check_item             = indirect_check_item,
+
+        .create_vi              = indirect_create_vi,
+        .check_left             = indirect_check_left,
+        .check_right            = indirect_check_right,
+        .part_size              = indirect_part_size,
+        .unit_num               = indirect_unit_num,
+        .print_vi               = indirect_print_vi
+};
+
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// direntry functions
+//
+
+
+static int direntry_bytes_number (struct item_head * ih, int block_size)
+{
+    reiserfs_warning (NULL, "vs-16090: direntry_bytes_number: "
+                      "bytes number is asked for direntry");
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void direntry_decrement_key (struct cpu_key * key)
+{
+    cpu_key_k_offset_dec (key);
+    if (cpu_key_k_offset (key) == 0)
+        set_cpu_key_k_type (key, TYPE_STAT_DATA);       
+}
+
+
+static int direntry_is_left_mergeable (struct reiserfs_key * key, unsigned long bsize)
+{
+    if (le32_to_cpu (key->u.k_offset_v1.k_offset) == DOT_OFFSET)
+        return 0;
+    return 1;
+        
+}
+
+
+static void direntry_print_item (struct item_head * ih, char * item)
+{
+    int i;
+    int namelen;
+    struct reiserfs_de_head * deh;
+    char * name;
+    static char namebuf [80];
+
+
+    printk ("\n # %-15s%-30s%-15s%-15s%-15s\n", "Name", "Key of pointed object", "Hash", "Gen number", "Status");
+
+    deh = (struct reiserfs_de_head *)item;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < I_ENTRY_COUNT (ih); i ++, deh ++) {
+        namelen = (i ? (deh_location(deh - 1)) : ih_item_len(ih)) - deh_location(deh);
+        name = item + deh_location(deh);
+        if (name[namelen-1] == 0)
+          namelen = strlen (name);
+        namebuf[0] = '"';
+        if (namelen > sizeof (namebuf) - 3) {
+            strncpy (namebuf + 1, name, sizeof (namebuf) - 3);
+            namebuf[sizeof (namebuf) - 2] = '"';
+            namebuf[sizeof (namebuf) - 1] = 0;
+        } else {
+            memcpy (namebuf + 1, name, namelen);
+            namebuf[namelen + 1] = '"';
+            namebuf[namelen + 2] = 0;
+        }
+
+        printk ("%d:  %-15s%-15d%-15d%-15Ld%-15Ld(%s)\n", 
+                i, namebuf,
+                deh_dir_id(deh), deh_objectid(deh),
+                GET_HASH_VALUE (deh_offset (deh)), GET_GENERATION_NUMBER ((deh_offset (deh))),
+                (de_hidden (deh)) ? "HIDDEN" : "VISIBLE");
+    }
+}
+
+
+static void direntry_check_item (struct item_head * ih, char * item)
+{
+    int i;
+    struct reiserfs_de_head * deh;
+
+    // FIXME: type something here!
+    deh = (struct reiserfs_de_head *)item;
+    for (i = 0; i < I_ENTRY_COUNT (ih); i ++, deh ++) {
+        ;
+    }
+}
+
+
+
+#define DIRENTRY_VI_FIRST_DIRENTRY_ITEM 1
+
+/*
+ * function returns old entry number in directory item in real node
+ * using new entry number in virtual item in virtual node */
+static inline int old_entry_num (int is_affected, int virtual_entry_num, int pos_in_item, int mode)
+{
+    if ( mode == M_INSERT || mode == M_DELETE)
+        return virtual_entry_num;
+    
+    if (!is_affected)
+        /* cut or paste is applied to another item */
+        return virtual_entry_num;
+
+    if (virtual_entry_num < pos_in_item)
+        return virtual_entry_num;
+
+    if (mode == M_CUT)
+        return virtual_entry_num + 1;
+
+    RFALSE( mode != M_PASTE || virtual_entry_num == 0,
+            "vs-8015: old_entry_num: mode must be M_PASTE (mode = \'%c\'", mode);
+    
+    return virtual_entry_num - 1;
+}
+
+
+
+
+/* Create an array of sizes of directory entries for virtual
+   item. Return space used by an item. FIXME: no control over
+   consuming of space used by this item handler */
+static int direntry_create_vi (struct virtual_node * vn,
+                               struct virtual_item * vi, 
+                               int is_affected, 
+                               int insert_size)
+{
+    struct direntry_uarea * dir_u = vi->vi_uarea;
+    int i, j;
+    int size = sizeof (struct direntry_uarea);
+    struct reiserfs_de_head * deh;
+  
+    vi->vi_index = TYPE_DIRENTRY;
+
+    if (!(vi->vi_ih) || !vi->vi_item)
+        BUG ();
+
+
+    dir_u->flags = 0;
+    if (le_ih_k_offset (vi->vi_ih) == DOT_OFFSET)
+        dir_u->flags |= DIRENTRY_VI_FIRST_DIRENTRY_ITEM;
+
+    deh = (struct reiserfs_de_head *)(vi->vi_item);
+    
+    
+    /* virtual directory item have this amount of entry after */
+    dir_u->entry_count = ih_entry_count (vi->vi_ih) + 
+        ((is_affected) ? ((vn->vn_mode == M_CUT) ? -1 :
+                          (vn->vn_mode == M_PASTE ? 1 : 0)) : 0);
+    
+    for (i = 0; i < dir_u->entry_count; i ++) {
+        j = old_entry_num (is_affected, i, vn->vn_pos_in_item, vn->vn_mode);
+        dir_u->entry_sizes[i] = (j ? deh_location( &(deh[j - 1]) ) :
+                                ih_item_len (vi->vi_ih)) -
+                                deh_location( &(deh[j])) + DEH_SIZE;
+    }
+
+    size += (dir_u->entry_count * sizeof (short));
+    
+    /* set size of pasted entry */
+    if (is_affected && vn->vn_mode == M_PASTE)
+        dir_u->entry_sizes[vn->vn_pos_in_item] = insert_size;
+
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+    /* compare total size of entries with item length */
+    {
+        int k, l;
+    
+        l = 0;
+        for (k = 0; k < dir_u->entry_count; k ++)
+            l += dir_u->entry_sizes[k];
+    
+        if (l + IH_SIZE != vi->vi_item_len + 
+            ((is_affected && (vn->vn_mode == M_PASTE || vn->vn_mode == M_CUT)) ? insert_size : 0) ) {
+            reiserfs_panic (NULL, "vs-8025: set_entry_sizes: (mode==%c, insert_size==%d), invalid length of directory item",
+                            vn->vn_mode, insert_size);
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+
+    return size;
+
+
+}
+
+
+//
+// return number of entries which may fit into specified amount of
+// free space, or -1 if free space is not enough even for 1 entry
+//
+static int direntry_check_left (struct virtual_item * vi, int free,
+                                int start_skip, int end_skip)
+{
+    int i;
+    int entries = 0;
+    struct direntry_uarea * dir_u = vi->vi_uarea;
+
+    for (i = start_skip; i < dir_u->entry_count - end_skip; i ++) {
+        if (dir_u->entry_sizes[i] > free)
+            /* i-th entry doesn't fit into the remaining free space */
+            break;
+                  
+        free -= dir_u->entry_sizes[i];
+        entries ++;
+    }
+
+    if (entries == dir_u->entry_count) {
+        reiserfs_panic (NULL, "free space %d, entry_count %d\n", free, dir_u->entry_count);
+    }
+
+    /* "." and ".." can not be separated from each other */
+    if (start_skip == 0 && (dir_u->flags & DIRENTRY_VI_FIRST_DIRENTRY_ITEM) && entries < 2)
+        entries = 0;
+    
+    return entries ?: -1;
+}
+
+
+static int direntry_check_right (struct virtual_item * vi, int free)
+{
+    int i;
+    int entries = 0;
+    struct direntry_uarea * dir_u = vi->vi_uarea;
+    
+    for (i = dir_u->entry_count - 1; i >= 0; i --) {
+        if (dir_u->entry_sizes[i] > free)
+            /* i-th entry doesn't fit into the remaining free space */
+            break;
+        
+        free -= dir_u->entry_sizes[i];
+        entries ++;
+    }
+    if (entries == dir_u->entry_count)
+        BUG ();
+
+    /* "." and ".." can not be separated from each other */
+    if ((dir_u->flags & DIRENTRY_VI_FIRST_DIRENTRY_ITEM) && entries > dir_u->entry_count - 2)
+        entries = dir_u->entry_count - 2;
+
+    return entries ?: -1;
+}
+
+
+/* sum of entry sizes between from-th and to-th entries including both edges */
+static int direntry_part_size (struct virtual_item * vi, int first, int count)
+{
+    int i, retval;
+    int from, to;
+    struct direntry_uarea * dir_u = vi->vi_uarea;
+    
+    retval = 0;
+    if (first == 0)
+        from = 0;
+    else
+        from = dir_u->entry_count - count;
+    to = from + count - 1;
+
+    for (i = from; i <= to; i ++)
+        retval += dir_u->entry_sizes[i];
+
+    return retval;
+}
+
+static int direntry_unit_num (struct virtual_item * vi)
+{
+    struct direntry_uarea * dir_u = vi->vi_uarea;
+    
+    return dir_u->entry_count;
+}
+
+
+
+static void direntry_print_vi (struct virtual_item * vi)
+{
+    int i;
+    struct direntry_uarea * dir_u = vi->vi_uarea;
+
+    reiserfs_warning (NULL, "DIRENTRY, index %d, type 0x%x, %h, flags 0x%x",
+                      vi->vi_index, vi->vi_type, vi->vi_ih, dir_u->flags);
+    printk ("%d entries: ", dir_u->entry_count);
+    for (i = 0; i < dir_u->entry_count; i ++)
+        printk ("%d ", dir_u->entry_sizes[i]);
+    printk ("\n");
+}
+
+static struct item_operations direntry_ops = {
+        .bytes_number           = direntry_bytes_number,
+        .decrement_key          = direntry_decrement_key,
+        .is_left_mergeable      = direntry_is_left_mergeable,
+        .print_item             = direntry_print_item,
+        .check_item             = direntry_check_item,
+
+        .create_vi              = direntry_create_vi,
+        .check_left             = direntry_check_left,
+        .check_right            = direntry_check_right,
+        .part_size              = direntry_part_size,
+        .unit_num               = direntry_unit_num,
+        .print_vi               = direntry_print_vi
+};
+
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Error catching functions to catch errors caused by incorrect item types.
+//
+static int errcatch_bytes_number (struct item_head * ih, int block_size)
+{
+    reiserfs_warning (NULL, "green-16001: Invalid item type observed, run fsck ASAP");
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void errcatch_decrement_key (struct cpu_key * key)
+{
+    reiserfs_warning (NULL, "green-16002: Invalid item type observed, run fsck ASAP");
+}
+
+
+static int errcatch_is_left_mergeable (struct reiserfs_key * key, unsigned long bsize)
+{
+    reiserfs_warning (NULL, "green-16003: Invalid item type observed, run fsck ASAP");
+    return 0;
+}
+
+
+static void errcatch_print_item (struct item_head * ih, char * item)
+{
+    reiserfs_warning (NULL, "green-16004: Invalid item type observed, run fsck ASAP");
+}
+
+
+static void errcatch_check_item (struct item_head * ih, char * item)
+{
+    reiserfs_warning (NULL, "green-16005: Invalid item type observed, run fsck ASAP");
+}
+
+static int errcatch_create_vi (struct virtual_node * vn,
+                               struct virtual_item * vi, 
+                               int is_affected, 
+                               int insert_size)
+{
+    reiserfs_warning (NULL, "green-16006: Invalid item type observed, run fsck ASAP");
+    return 0;   // We might return -1 here as well, but it won't help as create_virtual_node() from where
+                // this operation is called from is of return type void.
+}
+
+static int errcatch_check_left (struct virtual_item * vi, int free,
+                                int start_skip, int end_skip)
+{
+    reiserfs_warning (NULL, "green-16007: Invalid item type observed, run fsck ASAP");
+    return -1;
+}
+
+
+static int errcatch_check_right (struct virtual_item * vi, int free)
+{
+    reiserfs_warning (NULL, "green-16008: Invalid item type observed, run fsck ASAP");
+    return -1;
+}
+
+static int errcatch_part_size (struct virtual_item * vi, int first, int count)
+{
+    reiserfs_warning (NULL, "green-16009: Invalid item type observed, run fsck ASAP");
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int errcatch_unit_num (struct virtual_item * vi)
+{
+    reiserfs_warning (NULL, "green-16010: Invalid item type observed, run fsck ASAP");
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void errcatch_print_vi (struct virtual_item * vi)
+{
+    reiserfs_warning (NULL, "green-16011: Invalid item type observed, run fsck ASAP");
+}
+
+static struct item_operations errcatch_ops = {
+    errcatch_bytes_number,
+    errcatch_decrement_key,
+    errcatch_is_left_mergeable,
+    errcatch_print_item,
+    errcatch_check_item,
+
+    errcatch_create_vi,
+    errcatch_check_left,
+    errcatch_check_right,
+    errcatch_part_size,
+    errcatch_unit_num,
+    errcatch_print_vi
+};
+
+
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+//
+#if ! (TYPE_STAT_DATA == 0 && TYPE_INDIRECT == 1 && TYPE_DIRECT == 2 && TYPE_DIRENTRY == 3)
+  do not compile
+#endif
+
+struct item_operations * item_ops [TYPE_ANY + 1] = {
+  &stat_data_ops,
+  &indirect_ops,
+  &direct_ops,
+  &direntry_ops,
+  NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL,
+  &errcatch_ops         /* This is to catch errors with invalid type (15th entry for TYPE_ANY) */
+};
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/journal.c b/fs/reiserfs/journal.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..c9ad3a7849f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/journal.c
@@ -0,0 +1,3876 @@
+/*
+** Write ahead logging implementation copyright Chris Mason 2000
+**
+** The background commits make this code very interelated, and 
+** overly complex.  I need to rethink things a bit....The major players:
+**
+** journal_begin -- call with the number of blocks you expect to log.  
+**                  If the current transaction is too
+**                  old, it will block until the current transaction is 
+**                  finished, and then start a new one.
+**                  Usually, your transaction will get joined in with 
+**                  previous ones for speed.
+**
+** journal_join  -- same as journal_begin, but won't block on the current 
+**                  transaction regardless of age.  Don't ever call
+**                  this.  Ever.  There are only two places it should be 
+**                  called from, and they are both inside this file.
+**
+** journal_mark_dirty -- adds blocks into this transaction.  clears any flags 
+**                       that might make them get sent to disk
+**                       and then marks them BH_JDirty.  Puts the buffer head 
+**                       into the current transaction hash.  
+**
+** journal_end -- if the current transaction is batchable, it does nothing
+**                   otherwise, it could do an async/synchronous commit, or
+**                   a full flush of all log and real blocks in the 
+**                   transaction.
+**
+** flush_old_commits -- if the current transaction is too old, it is ended and 
+**                      commit blocks are sent to disk.  Forces commit blocks 
+**                      to disk for all backgrounded commits that have been 
+**                      around too long.
+**                   -- Note, if you call this as an immediate flush from 
+**                      from within kupdate, it will ignore the immediate flag
+*/
+
+#include <linux/config.h>
+#include <asm/uaccess.h>
+#include <asm/system.h>
+
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <asm/semaphore.h>
+
+#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_fs.h>
+
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/errno.h>
+#include <linux/fcntl.h>
+#include <linux/stat.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+#include <linux/workqueue.h>
+#include <linux/writeback.h>
+#include <linux/blkdev.h>
+
+
+/* gets a struct reiserfs_journal_list * from a list head */
+#define JOURNAL_LIST_ENTRY(h) (list_entry((h), struct reiserfs_journal_list, \
+                               j_list))
+#define JOURNAL_WORK_ENTRY(h) (list_entry((h), struct reiserfs_journal_list, \
+                               j_working_list))
+
+/* the number of mounted filesystems.  This is used to decide when to
+** start and kill the commit workqueue
+*/
+static int reiserfs_mounted_fs_count;
+
+static struct workqueue_struct *commit_wq;
+
+#define JOURNAL_TRANS_HALF 1018   /* must be correct to keep the desc and commit
+                                     structs at 4k */
+#define BUFNR 64 /*read ahead */
+
+/* cnode stat bits.  Move these into reiserfs_fs.h */
+
+#define BLOCK_FREED 2           /* this block was freed, and can't be written.  */
+#define BLOCK_FREED_HOLDER 3    /* this block was freed during this transaction, and can't be written */
+
+#define BLOCK_NEEDS_FLUSH 4     /* used in flush_journal_list */
+#define BLOCK_DIRTIED 5
+
+
+/* journal list state bits */
+#define LIST_TOUCHED 1
+#define LIST_DIRTY   2
+#define LIST_COMMIT_PENDING  4          /* someone will commit this list */
+
+/* flags for do_journal_end */
+#define FLUSH_ALL   1           /* flush commit and real blocks */
+#define COMMIT_NOW  2           /* end and commit this transaction */
+#define WAIT        4           /* wait for the log blocks to hit the disk*/
+
+static int do_journal_end(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *,struct super_block *,unsigned long nblocks,int flags) ;
+static int flush_journal_list(struct super_block *s, struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl, int flushall) ;
+static int flush_commit_list(struct super_block *s, struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl, int flushall)  ;
+static int can_dirty(struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cn) ;
+static int journal_join(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, struct super_block *p_s_sb, unsigned long nblocks);
+static int release_journal_dev( struct super_block *super,
+                                struct reiserfs_journal *journal );
+static int dirty_one_transaction(struct super_block *s,
+                                 struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl);
+static void flush_async_commits(void *p);
+static void queue_log_writer(struct super_block *s);
+
+/* values for join in do_journal_begin_r */
+enum {
+    JBEGIN_REG = 0, /* regular journal begin */
+    JBEGIN_JOIN = 1, /* join the running transaction if at all possible */
+    JBEGIN_ABORT = 2, /* called from cleanup code, ignores aborted flag */
+};
+
+static int do_journal_begin_r(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                             struct super_block * p_s_sb,
+                             unsigned long nblocks,int join);
+
+static void init_journal_hash(struct super_block *p_s_sb) {
+  struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (p_s_sb);
+  memset(journal->j_hash_table, 0, JOURNAL_HASH_SIZE * sizeof(struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *)) ;
+}
+
+/*
+** clears BH_Dirty and sticks the buffer on the clean list.  Called because I can't allow refile_buffer to
+** make schedule happen after I've freed a block.  Look at remove_from_transaction and journal_mark_freed for
+** more details.
+*/
+static int reiserfs_clean_and_file_buffer(struct buffer_head *bh) {
+  if (bh) {
+    clear_buffer_dirty(bh);
+    clear_buffer_journal_test(bh);
+  }
+  return 0 ;
+}
+
+static void disable_barrier(struct super_block *s)
+{
+    REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt &= ~(1 << REISERFS_BARRIER_FLUSH);
+    printk("reiserfs: disabling flush barriers on %s\n", reiserfs_bdevname(s));
+}
+
+static struct reiserfs_bitmap_node *
+allocate_bitmap_node(struct super_block *p_s_sb) {
+  struct reiserfs_bitmap_node *bn ;
+  static int id;
+
+  bn = reiserfs_kmalloc(sizeof(struct reiserfs_bitmap_node), GFP_NOFS, p_s_sb) ;
+  if (!bn) {
+    return NULL ;
+  }
+  bn->data = reiserfs_kmalloc(p_s_sb->s_blocksize, GFP_NOFS, p_s_sb) ;
+  if (!bn->data) {
+    reiserfs_kfree(bn, sizeof(struct reiserfs_bitmap_node), p_s_sb) ;
+    return NULL ;
+  }
+  bn->id = id++ ;
+  memset(bn->data, 0, p_s_sb->s_blocksize) ;
+  INIT_LIST_HEAD(&bn->list) ;
+  return bn ;
+}
+
+static struct reiserfs_bitmap_node *
+get_bitmap_node(struct super_block *p_s_sb) {
+  struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (p_s_sb);
+  struct reiserfs_bitmap_node *bn = NULL;
+  struct list_head *entry = journal->j_bitmap_nodes.next ;
+
+  journal->j_used_bitmap_nodes++ ;
+repeat:
+
+  if(entry != &journal->j_bitmap_nodes) {
+    bn = list_entry(entry, struct reiserfs_bitmap_node, list) ;
+    list_del(entry) ;
+    memset(bn->data, 0, p_s_sb->s_blocksize) ;
+    journal->j_free_bitmap_nodes-- ;
+    return bn ;
+  }
+  bn = allocate_bitmap_node(p_s_sb) ;
+  if (!bn) {
+    yield();
+    goto repeat ;
+  }
+  return bn ;
+}
+static inline void free_bitmap_node(struct super_block *p_s_sb,
+                                    struct reiserfs_bitmap_node *bn) {
+  struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (p_s_sb);
+  journal->j_used_bitmap_nodes-- ;
+  if (journal->j_free_bitmap_nodes > REISERFS_MAX_BITMAP_NODES) {
+    reiserfs_kfree(bn->data, p_s_sb->s_blocksize, p_s_sb) ;
+    reiserfs_kfree(bn, sizeof(struct reiserfs_bitmap_node), p_s_sb) ;
+  } else {
+    list_add(&bn->list, &journal->j_bitmap_nodes) ;
+    journal->j_free_bitmap_nodes++ ;
+  }
+}
+
+static void allocate_bitmap_nodes(struct super_block *p_s_sb) {
+  int i ;
+  struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (p_s_sb);
+  struct reiserfs_bitmap_node *bn = NULL ;
+  for (i = 0 ; i < REISERFS_MIN_BITMAP_NODES ; i++) {
+    bn = allocate_bitmap_node(p_s_sb) ;
+    if (bn) {
+      list_add(&bn->list, &journal->j_bitmap_nodes) ;
+      journal->j_free_bitmap_nodes++ ;
+    } else {
+      break ; // this is ok, we'll try again when more are needed 
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+static int set_bit_in_list_bitmap(struct super_block *p_s_sb, int block,
+                                  struct reiserfs_list_bitmap *jb) {
+  int bmap_nr = block / (p_s_sb->s_blocksize << 3) ;
+  int bit_nr = block % (p_s_sb->s_blocksize << 3) ;
+
+  if (!jb->bitmaps[bmap_nr]) {
+    jb->bitmaps[bmap_nr] = get_bitmap_node(p_s_sb) ;
+  }
+  set_bit(bit_nr, (unsigned long *)jb->bitmaps[bmap_nr]->data) ;
+  return 0 ;
+}
+
+static void cleanup_bitmap_list(struct super_block *p_s_sb,
+                                struct reiserfs_list_bitmap *jb) {
+  int i;
+  if (jb->bitmaps == NULL)
+    return;
+
+  for (i = 0 ; i < SB_BMAP_NR(p_s_sb) ; i++) {
+    if (jb->bitmaps[i]) {
+      free_bitmap_node(p_s_sb, jb->bitmaps[i]) ;
+      jb->bitmaps[i] = NULL ;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+/*
+** only call this on FS unmount.
+*/
+static int free_list_bitmaps(struct super_block *p_s_sb,
+                             struct reiserfs_list_bitmap *jb_array) {
+  int i ;
+  struct reiserfs_list_bitmap *jb ;
+  for (i = 0 ; i < JOURNAL_NUM_BITMAPS ; i++) {
+    jb = jb_array + i ;
+    jb->journal_list = NULL ;
+    cleanup_bitmap_list(p_s_sb, jb) ;
+    vfree(jb->bitmaps) ;
+    jb->bitmaps = NULL ;
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static int free_bitmap_nodes(struct super_block *p_s_sb) {
+  struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (p_s_sb);
+  struct list_head *next = journal->j_bitmap_nodes.next ;
+  struct reiserfs_bitmap_node *bn ;
+
+  while(next != &journal->j_bitmap_nodes) {
+    bn = list_entry(next, struct reiserfs_bitmap_node, list) ;
+    list_del(next) ;
+    reiserfs_kfree(bn->data, p_s_sb->s_blocksize, p_s_sb) ;
+    reiserfs_kfree(bn, sizeof(struct reiserfs_bitmap_node), p_s_sb) ;
+    next = journal->j_bitmap_nodes.next ;
+    journal->j_free_bitmap_nodes-- ;
+  }
+
+  return 0 ;
+}
+
+/*
+** get memory for JOURNAL_NUM_BITMAPS worth of bitmaps. 
+** jb_array is the array to be filled in.
+*/
+int reiserfs_allocate_list_bitmaps(struct super_block *p_s_sb,
+                                   struct reiserfs_list_bitmap *jb_array,
+                                   int bmap_nr) {
+  int i ;
+  int failed = 0 ;
+  struct reiserfs_list_bitmap *jb ;
+  int mem = bmap_nr * sizeof(struct reiserfs_bitmap_node *) ;
+
+  for (i = 0 ; i < JOURNAL_NUM_BITMAPS ; i++) {
+    jb = jb_array + i ;
+    jb->journal_list = NULL ;
+    jb->bitmaps = vmalloc( mem ) ;
+    if (!jb->bitmaps) {
+      reiserfs_warning(p_s_sb, "clm-2000, unable to allocate bitmaps for journal lists") ;
+      failed = 1;   
+      break ;
+    }
+    memset(jb->bitmaps, 0, mem) ;
+  }
+  if (failed) {
+    free_list_bitmaps(p_s_sb, jb_array) ;
+    return -1 ;
+  }
+  return 0 ;
+}
+
+/*
+** find an available list bitmap.  If you can't find one, flush a commit list 
+** and try again
+*/
+static struct reiserfs_list_bitmap *
+get_list_bitmap(struct super_block *p_s_sb, struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl) {
+  int i,j ; 
+  struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (p_s_sb);
+  struct reiserfs_list_bitmap *jb = NULL ;
+
+  for (j = 0 ; j < (JOURNAL_NUM_BITMAPS * 3) ; j++) {
+    i = journal->j_list_bitmap_index ;
+    journal->j_list_bitmap_index = (i + 1) % JOURNAL_NUM_BITMAPS ;
+    jb = journal->j_list_bitmap + i ;
+    if (journal->j_list_bitmap[i].journal_list) {
+      flush_commit_list(p_s_sb, journal->j_list_bitmap[i].journal_list, 1) ;
+      if (!journal->j_list_bitmap[i].journal_list) {
+        break ;
+      }
+    } else {
+      break ;
+    }
+  }
+  if (jb->journal_list) { /* double check to make sure if flushed correctly */
+    return NULL ;
+  }
+  jb->journal_list = jl ;
+  return jb ;
+}
+
+/* 
+** allocates a new chunk of X nodes, and links them all together as a list.
+** Uses the cnode->next and cnode->prev pointers
+** returns NULL on failure
+*/
+static struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *allocate_cnodes(int num_cnodes) {
+  struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *head ;
+  int i ;
+  if (num_cnodes <= 0) {
+    return NULL ;
+  }
+  head = vmalloc(num_cnodes * sizeof(struct reiserfs_journal_cnode)) ;
+  if (!head) {
+    return NULL ;
+  }
+  memset(head, 0, num_cnodes * sizeof(struct reiserfs_journal_cnode)) ;
+  head[0].prev = NULL ;
+  head[0].next = head + 1 ;
+  for (i = 1 ; i < num_cnodes; i++) {
+    head[i].prev = head + (i - 1) ;
+    head[i].next = head + (i + 1) ; /* if last one, overwrite it after the if */
+  }
+  head[num_cnodes -1].next = NULL ;
+  return head ;
+}
+
+/*
+** pulls a cnode off the free list, or returns NULL on failure 
+*/
+static struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *get_cnode(struct super_block *p_s_sb) {
+  struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cn ;
+  struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (p_s_sb);
+
+  reiserfs_check_lock_depth(p_s_sb, "get_cnode") ;
+
+  if (journal->j_cnode_free <= 0) {
+    return NULL ;
+  }
+  journal->j_cnode_used++ ;
+  journal->j_cnode_free-- ;
+  cn = journal->j_cnode_free_list ;
+  if (!cn) {
+    return cn ;
+  }
+  if (cn->next) {
+    cn->next->prev = NULL ;
+  }
+  journal->j_cnode_free_list = cn->next ;
+  memset(cn, 0, sizeof(struct reiserfs_journal_cnode)) ;
+  return cn ;
+}
+
+/*
+** returns a cnode to the free list 
+*/
+static void free_cnode(struct super_block *p_s_sb, struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cn) {
+  struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (p_s_sb);
+
+  reiserfs_check_lock_depth(p_s_sb, "free_cnode") ;
+
+  journal->j_cnode_used-- ;
+  journal->j_cnode_free++ ;
+  /* memset(cn, 0, sizeof(struct reiserfs_journal_cnode)) ; */
+  cn->next = journal->j_cnode_free_list ;
+  if (journal->j_cnode_free_list) {
+    journal->j_cnode_free_list->prev = cn ;
+  }
+  cn->prev = NULL ; /* not needed with the memset, but I might kill the memset, and forget to do this */
+  journal->j_cnode_free_list = cn ;
+}
+
+static void clear_prepared_bits(struct buffer_head *bh) {
+  clear_buffer_journal_prepared (bh);
+  clear_buffer_journal_restore_dirty (bh);
+}
+
+/* utility function to force a BUG if it is called without the big
+** kernel lock held.  caller is the string printed just before calling BUG()
+*/
+void reiserfs_check_lock_depth(struct super_block *sb, char *caller) {
+#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
+  if (current->lock_depth < 0) {
+    reiserfs_panic (sb, "%s called without kernel lock held", caller) ;
+  }
+#else
+  ;
+#endif
+}
+
+/* return a cnode with same dev, block number and size in table, or null if not found */
+static inline struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *
+get_journal_hash_dev(struct super_block *sb,
+                     struct reiserfs_journal_cnode **table,
+                     long bl)
+{
+  struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cn ;
+  cn = journal_hash(table, sb, bl) ;
+  while(cn) {
+    if (cn->blocknr == bl && cn->sb == sb)
+      return cn ;
+    cn = cn->hnext ;
+  }
+  return (struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *)0 ;
+}
+
+/*
+** this actually means 'can this block be reallocated yet?'.  If you set search_all, a block can only be allocated
+** if it is not in the current transaction, was not freed by the current transaction, and has no chance of ever
+** being overwritten by a replay after crashing.
+**
+** If you don't set search_all, a block can only be allocated if it is not in the current transaction.  Since deleting
+** a block removes it from the current transaction, this case should never happen.  If you don't set search_all, make
+** sure you never write the block without logging it.
+**
+** next_zero_bit is a suggestion about the next block to try for find_forward.
+** when bl is rejected because it is set in a journal list bitmap, we search
+** for the next zero bit in the bitmap that rejected bl.  Then, we return that
+** through next_zero_bit for find_forward to try.
+**
+** Just because we return something in next_zero_bit does not mean we won't
+** reject it on the next call to reiserfs_in_journal
+**
+*/
+int reiserfs_in_journal(struct super_block *p_s_sb,
+                        int bmap_nr, int bit_nr, int search_all, 
+                        b_blocknr_t *next_zero_bit) {
+  struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (p_s_sb);
+  struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cn ;
+  struct reiserfs_list_bitmap *jb ;
+  int i ;
+  unsigned long bl;
+
+  *next_zero_bit = 0 ; /* always start this at zero. */
+
+  PROC_INFO_INC( p_s_sb, journal.in_journal );
+  /* If we aren't doing a search_all, this is a metablock, and it will be logged before use.
+  ** if we crash before the transaction that freed it commits,  this transaction won't
+  ** have committed either, and the block will never be written
+  */
+  if (search_all) {
+    for (i = 0 ; i < JOURNAL_NUM_BITMAPS ; i++) {
+      PROC_INFO_INC( p_s_sb, journal.in_journal_bitmap );
+      jb = journal->j_list_bitmap + i ;
+      if (jb->journal_list && jb->bitmaps[bmap_nr] &&
+          test_bit(bit_nr, (unsigned long *)jb->bitmaps[bmap_nr]->data)) {
+        *next_zero_bit = find_next_zero_bit((unsigned long *)
+                                     (jb->bitmaps[bmap_nr]->data),
+                                     p_s_sb->s_blocksize << 3, bit_nr+1) ; 
+        return 1 ;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  bl = bmap_nr * (p_s_sb->s_blocksize << 3) + bit_nr;
+  /* is it in any old transactions? */
+  if (search_all && (cn = get_journal_hash_dev(p_s_sb, journal->j_list_hash_table, bl))) {
+    return 1; 
+  }
+
+  /* is it in the current transaction.  This should never happen */
+  if ((cn = get_journal_hash_dev(p_s_sb, journal->j_hash_table, bl))) {
+    BUG();
+    return 1; 
+  }
+
+  PROC_INFO_INC( p_s_sb, journal.in_journal_reusable );
+  /* safe for reuse */
+  return 0 ;
+}
+
+/* insert cn into table
+*/
+static inline void insert_journal_hash(struct reiserfs_journal_cnode **table, struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cn) {
+  struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cn_orig ;
+
+  cn_orig = journal_hash(table, cn->sb, cn->blocknr) ;
+  cn->hnext = cn_orig ;
+  cn->hprev = NULL ;
+  if (cn_orig) {
+    cn_orig->hprev = cn ;
+  }
+  journal_hash(table, cn->sb, cn->blocknr) =  cn ;
+}
+
+/* lock the current transaction */
+inline static void lock_journal(struct super_block *p_s_sb) {
+    PROC_INFO_INC( p_s_sb, journal.lock_journal );
+    down(&SB_JOURNAL(p_s_sb)->j_lock);
+}
+
+/* unlock the current transaction */
+inline static void unlock_journal(struct super_block *p_s_sb) {
+    up(&SB_JOURNAL(p_s_sb)->j_lock);
+}
+
+static inline void get_journal_list(struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl)
+{
+    jl->j_refcount++;
+}
+
+static inline void put_journal_list(struct super_block *s,
+                                   struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl)
+{
+    if (jl->j_refcount < 1) {
+        reiserfs_panic (s, "trans id %lu, refcount at %d", jl->j_trans_id,
+                                                 jl->j_refcount);
+    }
+    if (--jl->j_refcount == 0)
+        reiserfs_kfree(jl, sizeof(struct reiserfs_journal_list), s);
+}
+
+/*
+** this used to be much more involved, and I'm keeping it just in case things get ugly again.
+** it gets called by flush_commit_list, and cleans up any data stored about blocks freed during a
+** transaction.
+*/
+static void cleanup_freed_for_journal_list(struct super_block *p_s_sb, struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl) {
+
+  struct reiserfs_list_bitmap *jb = jl->j_list_bitmap ;
+  if (jb) {
+    cleanup_bitmap_list(p_s_sb, jb) ;
+  }
+  jl->j_list_bitmap->journal_list = NULL ;
+  jl->j_list_bitmap = NULL ;
+}
+
+static int journal_list_still_alive(struct super_block *s,
+                                    unsigned long trans_id)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (s);
+    struct list_head *entry = &journal->j_journal_list;
+    struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl;
+
+    if (!list_empty(entry)) {
+        jl = JOURNAL_LIST_ENTRY(entry->next);
+        if (jl->j_trans_id <= trans_id) {
+            return 1;
+        }
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void reiserfs_end_buffer_io_sync(struct buffer_head *bh, int uptodate) {
+    char b[BDEVNAME_SIZE];
+
+    if (buffer_journaled(bh)) {
+        reiserfs_warning(NULL, "clm-2084: pinned buffer %lu:%s sent to disk",
+                         bh->b_blocknr, bdevname(bh->b_bdev, b)) ;
+    }
+    if (uptodate)
+        set_buffer_uptodate(bh) ;
+    else
+        clear_buffer_uptodate(bh) ;
+    unlock_buffer(bh) ;
+    put_bh(bh) ;
+}
+
+static void reiserfs_end_ordered_io(struct buffer_head *bh, int uptodate) {
+    if (uptodate)
+        set_buffer_uptodate(bh) ;
+    else
+        clear_buffer_uptodate(bh) ;
+    unlock_buffer(bh) ;
+    put_bh(bh) ;
+}
+
+static void submit_logged_buffer(struct buffer_head *bh) {
+    get_bh(bh) ;
+    bh->b_end_io = reiserfs_end_buffer_io_sync ;
+    clear_buffer_journal_new (bh);
+    clear_buffer_dirty(bh) ;
+    if (!test_clear_buffer_journal_test (bh))
+        BUG();
+    if (!buffer_uptodate(bh))
+        BUG();
+    submit_bh(WRITE, bh) ;
+}
+
+static void submit_ordered_buffer(struct buffer_head *bh) {
+    get_bh(bh) ;
+    bh->b_end_io = reiserfs_end_ordered_io;
+    clear_buffer_dirty(bh) ;
+    if (!buffer_uptodate(bh))
+        BUG();
+    submit_bh(WRITE, bh) ;
+}
+
+static int submit_barrier_buffer(struct buffer_head *bh) {
+    get_bh(bh) ;
+    bh->b_end_io = reiserfs_end_ordered_io;
+    clear_buffer_dirty(bh) ;
+    if (!buffer_uptodate(bh))
+        BUG();
+    return submit_bh(WRITE_BARRIER, bh) ;
+}
+
+static void check_barrier_completion(struct super_block *s,
+                                     struct buffer_head *bh) {
+    if (buffer_eopnotsupp(bh)) {
+        clear_buffer_eopnotsupp(bh);
+        disable_barrier(s);
+        set_buffer_uptodate(bh);
+        set_buffer_dirty(bh);
+        sync_dirty_buffer(bh);
+    }
+}
+
+#define CHUNK_SIZE 32
+struct buffer_chunk {
+    struct buffer_head *bh[CHUNK_SIZE];
+    int nr;
+};
+
+static void write_chunk(struct buffer_chunk *chunk) {
+    int i;
+    for (i = 0; i < chunk->nr ; i++) {
+        submit_logged_buffer(chunk->bh[i]) ;
+    }
+    chunk->nr = 0;
+}
+
+static void write_ordered_chunk(struct buffer_chunk *chunk) {
+    int i;
+    for (i = 0; i < chunk->nr ; i++) {
+        submit_ordered_buffer(chunk->bh[i]) ;
+    }
+    chunk->nr = 0;
+}
+
+static int add_to_chunk(struct buffer_chunk *chunk, struct buffer_head *bh,
+                         spinlock_t *lock,
+                         void (fn)(struct buffer_chunk *))
+{
+    int ret = 0;
+    if (chunk->nr >= CHUNK_SIZE)
+        BUG();
+    chunk->bh[chunk->nr++] = bh;
+    if (chunk->nr >= CHUNK_SIZE) {
+        ret = 1;
+        if (lock)
+            spin_unlock(lock);
+        fn(chunk);
+        if (lock)
+            spin_lock(lock);
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+
+
+static atomic_t nr_reiserfs_jh = ATOMIC_INIT(0);
+static struct reiserfs_jh *alloc_jh(void) {
+    struct reiserfs_jh *jh;
+    while(1) {
+        jh = kmalloc(sizeof(*jh), GFP_NOFS);
+        if (jh) {
+            atomic_inc(&nr_reiserfs_jh);
+            return jh;
+        }
+        yield();
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * we want to free the jh when the buffer has been written
+ * and waited on
+ */
+void reiserfs_free_jh(struct buffer_head *bh) {
+    struct reiserfs_jh *jh;
+
+    jh = bh->b_private;
+    if (jh) {
+        bh->b_private = NULL;
+        jh->bh = NULL;
+        list_del_init(&jh->list);
+        kfree(jh);
+        if (atomic_read(&nr_reiserfs_jh) <= 0)
+            BUG();
+        atomic_dec(&nr_reiserfs_jh);
+        put_bh(bh);
+    }
+}
+
+static inline int __add_jh(struct reiserfs_journal *j, struct buffer_head *bh,
+                           int tail)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_jh *jh;
+
+    if (bh->b_private) {
+        spin_lock(&j->j_dirty_buffers_lock);
+        if (!bh->b_private) {
+            spin_unlock(&j->j_dirty_buffers_lock);
+            goto no_jh;
+        }
+        jh = bh->b_private;
+        list_del_init(&jh->list);
+    } else {
+no_jh:
+        get_bh(bh);
+        jh = alloc_jh();
+        spin_lock(&j->j_dirty_buffers_lock);
+        /* buffer must be locked for __add_jh, should be able to have
+         * two adds at the same time
+         */
+        if (bh->b_private)
+            BUG();
+        jh->bh = bh;
+        bh->b_private = jh;
+    }
+    jh->jl = j->j_current_jl;
+    if (tail)
+        list_add_tail(&jh->list, &jh->jl->j_tail_bh_list);
+    else {
+        list_add_tail(&jh->list, &jh->jl->j_bh_list);
+    }
+    spin_unlock(&j->j_dirty_buffers_lock);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int reiserfs_add_tail_list(struct inode *inode, struct buffer_head *bh) {
+    return __add_jh(SB_JOURNAL(inode->i_sb), bh, 1);
+}
+int reiserfs_add_ordered_list(struct inode *inode, struct buffer_head *bh) {
+    return __add_jh(SB_JOURNAL(inode->i_sb), bh, 0);
+}
+
+#define JH_ENTRY(l) list_entry((l), struct reiserfs_jh, list)
+static int write_ordered_buffers(spinlock_t *lock,
+                                 struct reiserfs_journal *j,
+                                 struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl,
+                                 struct list_head *list)
+{
+    struct buffer_head *bh;
+    struct reiserfs_jh *jh;
+    int ret = j->j_errno;
+    struct buffer_chunk chunk;
+    struct list_head tmp;
+    INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tmp);
+
+    chunk.nr = 0;
+    spin_lock(lock);
+    while(!list_empty(list)) {
+        jh = JH_ENTRY(list->next);
+        bh = jh->bh;
+        get_bh(bh);
+        if (test_set_buffer_locked(bh)) {
+            if (!buffer_dirty(bh)) {
+                list_del_init(&jh->list);
+                list_add(&jh->list, &tmp);
+                goto loop_next;
+            }
+            spin_unlock(lock);
+            if (chunk.nr)
+                write_ordered_chunk(&chunk);
+            wait_on_buffer(bh);
+            cond_resched();
+            spin_lock(lock);
+            goto loop_next;
+        }
+        if (buffer_dirty(bh)) {
+            list_del_init(&jh->list);
+            list_add(&jh->list, &tmp);
+            add_to_chunk(&chunk, bh, lock, write_ordered_chunk);
+        } else {
+            reiserfs_free_jh(bh);
+            unlock_buffer(bh);
+        }
+loop_next:
+        put_bh(bh);
+        cond_resched_lock(lock);
+    }
+    if (chunk.nr) {
+        spin_unlock(lock);
+        write_ordered_chunk(&chunk);
+        spin_lock(lock);
+    }
+    while(!list_empty(&tmp)) {
+        jh = JH_ENTRY(tmp.prev);
+        bh = jh->bh;
+        get_bh(bh);
+        reiserfs_free_jh(bh);
+
+        if (buffer_locked(bh)) {
+            spin_unlock(lock);
+            wait_on_buffer(bh);
+            spin_lock(lock);
+        }
+        if (!buffer_uptodate(bh)) {
+            ret = -EIO;
+        }
+        put_bh(bh);
+        cond_resched_lock(lock);
+    }
+    spin_unlock(lock);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static int flush_older_commits(struct super_block *s, struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl) {
+    struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (s);
+    struct reiserfs_journal_list *other_jl;
+    struct reiserfs_journal_list *first_jl;
+    struct list_head *entry;
+    unsigned long trans_id = jl->j_trans_id;
+    unsigned long other_trans_id;
+    unsigned long first_trans_id;
+
+find_first:
+    /*
+     * first we walk backwards to find the oldest uncommitted transation
+     */
+    first_jl = jl;
+    entry = jl->j_list.prev;
+    while(1) {
+        other_jl = JOURNAL_LIST_ENTRY(entry);
+        if (entry == &journal->j_journal_list ||
+            atomic_read(&other_jl->j_older_commits_done))
+            break;
+
+        first_jl = other_jl;
+        entry = other_jl->j_list.prev;
+    }
+
+    /* if we didn't find any older uncommitted transactions, return now */
+    if (first_jl == jl) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    first_trans_id = first_jl->j_trans_id;
+
+    entry = &first_jl->j_list;
+    while(1) {
+        other_jl = JOURNAL_LIST_ENTRY(entry);
+        other_trans_id = other_jl->j_trans_id;
+
+        if (other_trans_id < trans_id) {
+            if (atomic_read(&other_jl->j_commit_left) != 0) {
+                flush_commit_list(s, other_jl, 0);
+
+                /* list we were called with is gone, return */
+                if (!journal_list_still_alive(s, trans_id))
+                    return 1;
+
+                /* the one we just flushed is gone, this means all
+                 * older lists are also gone, so first_jl is no longer
+                 * valid either.  Go back to the beginning.
+                 */
+                if (!journal_list_still_alive(s, other_trans_id)) {
+                    goto find_first;
+                }
+            }
+            entry = entry->next;
+            if (entry == &journal->j_journal_list)
+                return 0;
+        } else {
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+int reiserfs_async_progress_wait(struct super_block *s) {
+    DEFINE_WAIT(wait);
+    struct reiserfs_journal *j = SB_JOURNAL(s);
+    if (atomic_read(&j->j_async_throttle))
+        blk_congestion_wait(WRITE, HZ/10);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+** if this journal list still has commit blocks unflushed, send them to disk.
+**
+** log areas must be flushed in order (transaction 2 can't commit before transaction 1)
+** Before the commit block can by written, every other log block must be safely on disk
+**
+*/
+static int flush_commit_list(struct super_block *s, struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl, int flushall) {
+  int i;
+  int bn ;
+  struct buffer_head *tbh = NULL ;
+  unsigned long trans_id = jl->j_trans_id;
+  struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (s);
+  int barrier = 0;
+  int retval = 0;
+
+  reiserfs_check_lock_depth(s, "flush_commit_list") ;
+
+  if (atomic_read(&jl->j_older_commits_done)) {
+    return 0 ;
+  }
+
+  /* before we can put our commit blocks on disk, we have to make sure everyone older than
+  ** us is on disk too
+  */
+  BUG_ON (jl->j_len <= 0);
+  BUG_ON (trans_id == journal->j_trans_id);
+
+  get_journal_list(jl);
+  if (flushall) {
+    if (flush_older_commits(s, jl) == 1) {
+      /* list disappeared during flush_older_commits.  return */
+      goto put_jl;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /* make sure nobody is trying to flush this one at the same time */
+  down(&jl->j_commit_lock);
+  if (!journal_list_still_alive(s, trans_id)) {
+    up(&jl->j_commit_lock);
+    goto put_jl;
+  }
+  BUG_ON (jl->j_trans_id == 0);
+
+  /* this commit is done, exit */
+  if (atomic_read(&(jl->j_commit_left)) <= 0) {
+    if (flushall) {
+      atomic_set(&(jl->j_older_commits_done), 1) ;
+    }
+    up(&jl->j_commit_lock);
+    goto put_jl;
+  }
+
+  if (!list_empty(&jl->j_bh_list)) {
+      unlock_kernel();
+      write_ordered_buffers(&journal->j_dirty_buffers_lock,
+                            journal, jl, &jl->j_bh_list);
+      lock_kernel();
+  }
+  BUG_ON (!list_empty(&jl->j_bh_list));
+  /*
+   * for the description block and all the log blocks, submit any buffers
+   * that haven't already reached the disk
+   */
+  atomic_inc(&journal->j_async_throttle);
+  for (i = 0 ; i < (jl->j_len + 1) ; i++) {
+    bn = SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(s) + (jl->j_start+i) %
+         SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(s);
+    tbh = journal_find_get_block(s, bn) ;
+    if (buffer_dirty(tbh)) /* redundant, ll_rw_block() checks */
+        ll_rw_block(WRITE, 1, &tbh) ;
+    put_bh(tbh) ;
+  }
+  atomic_dec(&journal->j_async_throttle);
+
+  /* wait on everything written so far before writing the commit
+   * if we are in barrier mode, send the commit down now
+   */
+  barrier = reiserfs_barrier_flush(s);
+  if (barrier) {
+      int ret;
+      lock_buffer(jl->j_commit_bh);
+      ret = submit_barrier_buffer(jl->j_commit_bh);
+      if (ret == -EOPNOTSUPP) {
+          set_buffer_uptodate(jl->j_commit_bh);
+          disable_barrier(s);
+          barrier = 0;
+      }
+  }
+  for (i = 0 ;  i < (jl->j_len + 1) ; i++) {
+    bn = SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(s) +
+         (jl->j_start + i) % SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(s) ;
+    tbh = journal_find_get_block(s, bn) ;
+    wait_on_buffer(tbh) ;
+    // since we're using ll_rw_blk above, it might have skipped over
+    // a locked buffer.  Double check here
+    //
+    if (buffer_dirty(tbh)) /* redundant, sync_dirty_buffer() checks */
+      sync_dirty_buffer(tbh);
+    if (unlikely (!buffer_uptodate(tbh))) {
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+      reiserfs_warning(s, "journal-601, buffer write failed") ;
+#endif
+      retval = -EIO;
+    }
+    put_bh(tbh) ; /* once for journal_find_get_block */
+    put_bh(tbh) ;    /* once due to original getblk in do_journal_end */
+    atomic_dec(&(jl->j_commit_left)) ;
+  }
+
+  BUG_ON (atomic_read(&(jl->j_commit_left)) != 1);
+
+  if (!barrier) {
+      if (buffer_dirty(jl->j_commit_bh))
+        BUG();
+      mark_buffer_dirty(jl->j_commit_bh) ;
+      sync_dirty_buffer(jl->j_commit_bh) ;
+  } else
+      wait_on_buffer(jl->j_commit_bh);
+
+  check_barrier_completion(s, jl->j_commit_bh);
+
+  /* If there was a write error in the journal - we can't commit this
+   * transaction - it will be invalid and, if successful, will just end
+   * up propogating the write error out to the filesystem. */
+  if (unlikely (!buffer_uptodate(jl->j_commit_bh))) {
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+    reiserfs_warning(s, "journal-615: buffer write failed") ;
+#endif
+    retval = -EIO;
+  }
+  bforget(jl->j_commit_bh) ;
+  if (journal->j_last_commit_id != 0 &&
+     (jl->j_trans_id - journal->j_last_commit_id) != 1) {
+      reiserfs_warning(s, "clm-2200: last commit %lu, current %lu",
+                       journal->j_last_commit_id,
+                       jl->j_trans_id);
+  }
+  journal->j_last_commit_id = jl->j_trans_id;
+
+  /* now, every commit block is on the disk.  It is safe to allow blocks freed during this transaction to be reallocated */
+  cleanup_freed_for_journal_list(s, jl) ;
+
+  retval = retval ? retval : journal->j_errno;
+
+  /* mark the metadata dirty */
+  if (!retval)
+    dirty_one_transaction(s, jl);
+  atomic_dec(&(jl->j_commit_left)) ;
+
+  if (flushall) {
+    atomic_set(&(jl->j_older_commits_done), 1) ;
+  }
+  up(&jl->j_commit_lock);
+put_jl:
+  put_journal_list(s, jl);
+
+  if (retval)
+    reiserfs_abort (s, retval, "Journal write error in %s", __FUNCTION__);
+  return retval;
+}
+
+/*
+** flush_journal_list frequently needs to find a newer transaction for a given block.  This does that, or 
+** returns NULL if it can't find anything 
+*/
+static struct reiserfs_journal_list *find_newer_jl_for_cn(struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cn) {
+  struct super_block *sb = cn->sb;
+  b_blocknr_t blocknr = cn->blocknr ;
+
+  cn = cn->hprev ;
+  while(cn) {
+    if (cn->sb == sb && cn->blocknr == blocknr && cn->jlist) {
+      return cn->jlist ;
+    }
+    cn = cn->hprev ;
+  }
+  return NULL ;
+}
+
+static void remove_journal_hash(struct super_block *, struct reiserfs_journal_cnode **,
+struct reiserfs_journal_list *, unsigned long, int);
+
+/*
+** once all the real blocks have been flushed, it is safe to remove them from the
+** journal list for this transaction.  Aside from freeing the cnode, this also allows the
+** block to be reallocated for data blocks if it had been deleted.
+*/
+static void remove_all_from_journal_list(struct super_block *p_s_sb, struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl, int debug) {
+  struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (p_s_sb);
+  struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cn, *last ;
+  cn = jl->j_realblock ;
+
+  /* which is better, to lock once around the whole loop, or
+  ** to lock for each call to remove_journal_hash?
+  */
+  while(cn) {
+    if (cn->blocknr != 0) {
+      if (debug) {
+       reiserfs_warning (p_s_sb, "block %u, bh is %d, state %ld", cn->blocknr,
+                         cn->bh ? 1: 0, cn->state) ;
+      }
+      cn->state = 0 ;
+      remove_journal_hash(p_s_sb, journal->j_list_hash_table, jl, cn->blocknr, 1) ;
+    }
+    last = cn ;
+    cn = cn->next ;
+    free_cnode(p_s_sb, last) ;
+  }
+  jl->j_realblock = NULL ;
+}
+
+/*
+** if this timestamp is greater than the timestamp we wrote last to the header block, write it to the header block.
+** once this is done, I can safely say the log area for this transaction won't ever be replayed, and I can start
+** releasing blocks in this transaction for reuse as data blocks.
+** called by flush_journal_list, before it calls remove_all_from_journal_list
+**
+*/
+static int _update_journal_header_block(struct super_block *p_s_sb, unsigned long offset, unsigned long trans_id) {
+  struct reiserfs_journal_header *jh ;
+  struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (p_s_sb);
+
+  if (reiserfs_is_journal_aborted (journal))
+    return -EIO;
+
+  if (trans_id >= journal->j_last_flush_trans_id) {
+    if (buffer_locked((journal->j_header_bh)))  {
+      wait_on_buffer((journal->j_header_bh)) ;
+      if (unlikely (!buffer_uptodate(journal->j_header_bh))) {
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+        reiserfs_warning (p_s_sb, "journal-699: buffer write failed") ;
+#endif
+        return -EIO;
+      }
+    }
+    journal->j_last_flush_trans_id = trans_id ;
+    journal->j_first_unflushed_offset = offset ;
+    jh = (struct reiserfs_journal_header *)(journal->j_header_bh->b_data) ;
+    jh->j_last_flush_trans_id = cpu_to_le32(trans_id) ;
+    jh->j_first_unflushed_offset = cpu_to_le32(offset) ;
+    jh->j_mount_id = cpu_to_le32(journal->j_mount_id) ;
+
+    if (reiserfs_barrier_flush(p_s_sb)) {
+        int ret;
+        lock_buffer(journal->j_header_bh);
+        ret = submit_barrier_buffer(journal->j_header_bh);
+        if (ret == -EOPNOTSUPP) {
+            set_buffer_uptodate(journal->j_header_bh);
+            disable_barrier(p_s_sb);
+            goto sync;
+        }
+        wait_on_buffer(journal->j_header_bh);
+        check_barrier_completion(p_s_sb, journal->j_header_bh);
+    } else {
+sync:
+        set_buffer_dirty(journal->j_header_bh) ;
+        sync_dirty_buffer(journal->j_header_bh) ;
+    }
+    if (!buffer_uptodate(journal->j_header_bh)) {
+      reiserfs_warning (p_s_sb, "journal-837: IO error during journal replay");
+      return -EIO ;
+    }
+  }
+  return 0 ;
+}
+
+static int update_journal_header_block(struct super_block *p_s_sb, 
+                                       unsigned long offset, 
+                                       unsigned long trans_id) {
+    return _update_journal_header_block(p_s_sb, offset, trans_id);
+}
+/* 
+** flush any and all journal lists older than you are 
+** can only be called from flush_journal_list
+*/
+static int flush_older_journal_lists(struct super_block *p_s_sb,
+                                     struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl)
+{
+    struct list_head *entry;
+    struct reiserfs_journal_list *other_jl ;
+    struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (p_s_sb);
+    unsigned long trans_id = jl->j_trans_id;
+
+    /* we know we are the only ones flushing things, no extra race
+     * protection is required.
+     */
+restart:
+    entry = journal->j_journal_list.next;
+    /* Did we wrap? */
+    if (entry == &journal->j_journal_list)
+        return 0;
+    other_jl = JOURNAL_LIST_ENTRY(entry);
+    if (other_jl->j_trans_id < trans_id) {
+        BUG_ON (other_jl->j_refcount <= 0);
+        /* do not flush all */
+        flush_journal_list(p_s_sb, other_jl, 0) ;
+
+        /* other_jl is now deleted from the list */
+        goto restart;
+    }
+    return 0 ;
+}
+
+static void del_from_work_list(struct super_block *s,
+                               struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl) {
+    struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (s);
+    if (!list_empty(&jl->j_working_list)) {
+        list_del_init(&jl->j_working_list);
+        journal->j_num_work_lists--;
+    }
+}
+
+/* flush a journal list, both commit and real blocks
+**
+** always set flushall to 1, unless you are calling from inside
+** flush_journal_list
+**
+** IMPORTANT.  This can only be called while there are no journal writers, 
+** and the journal is locked.  That means it can only be called from 
+** do_journal_end, or by journal_release
+*/
+static int flush_journal_list(struct super_block *s, 
+                              struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl, int flushall) {
+  struct reiserfs_journal_list *pjl ;
+  struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cn, *last ;
+  int count ;
+  int was_jwait = 0 ;
+  int was_dirty = 0 ;
+  struct buffer_head *saved_bh ; 
+  unsigned long j_len_saved = jl->j_len ;
+  struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (s);
+  int err = 0;
+
+  BUG_ON (j_len_saved <= 0);
+
+  if (atomic_read(&journal->j_wcount) != 0) {
+    reiserfs_warning(s, "clm-2048: flush_journal_list called with wcount %d",
+                      atomic_read(&journal->j_wcount)) ;
+  }
+  BUG_ON (jl->j_trans_id == 0);
+
+  /* if flushall == 0, the lock is already held */
+  if (flushall) {
+      down(&journal->j_flush_sem);
+  } else if (!down_trylock(&journal->j_flush_sem)) {
+      BUG();
+  }
+
+  count = 0 ;
+  if (j_len_saved > journal->j_trans_max) {
+    reiserfs_panic(s, "journal-715: flush_journal_list, length is %lu, trans id %lu\n", j_len_saved, jl->j_trans_id);
+    return 0 ;
+  }
+
+  /* if all the work is already done, get out of here */
+  if (atomic_read(&(jl->j_nonzerolen)) <= 0 && 
+      atomic_read(&(jl->j_commit_left)) <= 0) {
+    goto flush_older_and_return ;
+  } 
+
+  /* start by putting the commit list on disk.  This will also flush 
+  ** the commit lists of any olders transactions
+  */
+  flush_commit_list(s, jl, 1) ;
+
+  if (!(jl->j_state & LIST_DIRTY) && !reiserfs_is_journal_aborted (journal))
+      BUG();
+
+  /* are we done now? */
+  if (atomic_read(&(jl->j_nonzerolen)) <= 0 && 
+      atomic_read(&(jl->j_commit_left)) <= 0) {
+    goto flush_older_and_return ;
+  }
+
+  /* loop through each cnode, see if we need to write it, 
+  ** or wait on a more recent transaction, or just ignore it 
+  */
+  if (atomic_read(&(journal->j_wcount)) != 0) {
+    reiserfs_panic(s, "journal-844: panic journal list is flushing, wcount is not 0\n") ;
+  }
+  cn = jl->j_realblock ;
+  while(cn) {
+    was_jwait = 0 ;
+    was_dirty = 0 ;
+    saved_bh = NULL ;
+    /* blocknr of 0 is no longer in the hash, ignore it */
+    if (cn->blocknr == 0) {
+      goto free_cnode ;
+    }
+
+    /* This transaction failed commit. Don't write out to the disk */
+    if (!(jl->j_state & LIST_DIRTY))
+        goto free_cnode;
+
+    pjl = find_newer_jl_for_cn(cn) ;
+    /* the order is important here.  We check pjl to make sure we
+    ** don't clear BH_JDirty_wait if we aren't the one writing this
+    ** block to disk
+    */
+    if (!pjl && cn->bh) {
+      saved_bh = cn->bh ;
+
+      /* we do this to make sure nobody releases the buffer while 
+      ** we are working with it 
+      */
+      get_bh(saved_bh) ;
+
+      if (buffer_journal_dirty(saved_bh)) {
+        BUG_ON (!can_dirty (cn));
+        was_jwait = 1 ;
+        was_dirty = 1 ;
+      } else if (can_dirty(cn)) {
+        /* everything with !pjl && jwait should be writable */
+        BUG();
+      }
+    }
+
+    /* if someone has this block in a newer transaction, just make
+    ** sure they are commited, and don't try writing it to disk
+    */
+    if (pjl) {
+      if (atomic_read(&pjl->j_commit_left))
+        flush_commit_list(s, pjl, 1) ;
+      goto free_cnode ;
+    }
+
+    /* bh == NULL when the block got to disk on its own, OR, 
+    ** the block got freed in a future transaction 
+    */
+    if (saved_bh == NULL) {
+      goto free_cnode ;
+    }
+
+    /* this should never happen.  kupdate_one_transaction has this list
+    ** locked while it works, so we should never see a buffer here that
+    ** is not marked JDirty_wait
+    */
+    if ((!was_jwait) && !buffer_locked(saved_bh)) {
+        reiserfs_warning (s, "journal-813: BAD! buffer %llu %cdirty %cjwait, "
+                          "not in a newer tranasction",
+                          (unsigned long long)saved_bh->b_blocknr,
+                          was_dirty ? ' ' : '!', was_jwait ? ' ' : '!') ;
+    }
+    if (was_dirty) { 
+      /* we inc again because saved_bh gets decremented at free_cnode */
+      get_bh(saved_bh) ;
+      set_bit(BLOCK_NEEDS_FLUSH, &cn->state) ;
+      lock_buffer(saved_bh);
+      BUG_ON (cn->blocknr != saved_bh->b_blocknr);
+      if (buffer_dirty(saved_bh))
+        submit_logged_buffer(saved_bh) ;
+      else
+        unlock_buffer(saved_bh);
+      count++ ;
+    } else {
+      reiserfs_warning (s, "clm-2082: Unable to flush buffer %llu in %s",
+                        (unsigned long long)saved_bh->b_blocknr, __FUNCTION__);
+    }
+free_cnode:
+    last = cn ;
+    cn = cn->next ;
+    if (saved_bh) {
+      /* we incremented this to keep others from taking the buffer head away */
+      put_bh(saved_bh) ;
+      if (atomic_read(&(saved_bh->b_count)) < 0) {
+        reiserfs_warning (s, "journal-945: saved_bh->b_count < 0");
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  if (count > 0) {
+    cn = jl->j_realblock ;
+    while(cn) {
+      if (test_bit(BLOCK_NEEDS_FLUSH, &cn->state)) {
+        if (!cn->bh) {
+          reiserfs_panic(s, "journal-1011: cn->bh is NULL\n") ;
+        }
+        wait_on_buffer(cn->bh) ;
+        if (!cn->bh) {
+          reiserfs_panic(s, "journal-1012: cn->bh is NULL\n") ;
+        }
+        if (unlikely (!buffer_uptodate(cn->bh))) {
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+          reiserfs_warning(s, "journal-949: buffer write failed\n") ;
+#endif
+          err = -EIO;
+        }
+        /* note, we must clear the JDirty_wait bit after the up to date
+        ** check, otherwise we race against our flushpage routine
+        */
+        BUG_ON (!test_clear_buffer_journal_dirty (cn->bh));
+
+        /* undo the inc from journal_mark_dirty */
+        put_bh(cn->bh) ;
+        brelse(cn->bh) ;
+      }
+      cn = cn->next ;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (err)
+    reiserfs_abort (s, -EIO, "Write error while pushing transaction to disk in %s", __FUNCTION__);
+flush_older_and_return:
+
+
+  /* before we can update the journal header block, we _must_ flush all 
+  ** real blocks from all older transactions to disk.  This is because
+  ** once the header block is updated, this transaction will not be
+  ** replayed after a crash
+  */
+  if (flushall) {
+    flush_older_journal_lists(s, jl);
+  } 
+  
+  err = journal->j_errno;
+  /* before we can remove everything from the hash tables for this 
+  ** transaction, we must make sure it can never be replayed
+  **
+  ** since we are only called from do_journal_end, we know for sure there
+  ** are no allocations going on while we are flushing journal lists.  So,
+  ** we only need to update the journal header block for the last list
+  ** being flushed
+  */
+  if (!err && flushall) {
+    err = update_journal_header_block(s, (jl->j_start + jl->j_len + 2) % SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(s), jl->j_trans_id) ;
+    if (err)
+        reiserfs_abort (s, -EIO, "Write error while updating journal header in %s", __FUNCTION__);
+  }
+  remove_all_from_journal_list(s, jl, 0) ;
+  list_del_init(&jl->j_list);
+  journal->j_num_lists--;
+  del_from_work_list(s, jl);
+
+  if (journal->j_last_flush_id != 0 &&
+     (jl->j_trans_id - journal->j_last_flush_id) != 1) {
+      reiserfs_warning(s, "clm-2201: last flush %lu, current %lu",
+                       journal->j_last_flush_id,
+                       jl->j_trans_id);
+  }
+  journal->j_last_flush_id = jl->j_trans_id;
+
+  /* not strictly required since we are freeing the list, but it should
+   * help find code using dead lists later on
+   */
+  jl->j_len = 0 ;
+  atomic_set(&(jl->j_nonzerolen), 0) ;
+  jl->j_start = 0 ;
+  jl->j_realblock = NULL ;
+  jl->j_commit_bh = NULL ;
+  jl->j_trans_id = 0 ;
+  jl->j_state = 0;
+  put_journal_list(s, jl);
+  if (flushall)
+    up(&journal->j_flush_sem);
+  return err ;
+} 
+
+static int write_one_transaction(struct super_block *s,
+                                 struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl,
+                                 struct buffer_chunk *chunk)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cn;
+    int ret = 0 ;
+
+    jl->j_state |= LIST_TOUCHED;
+    del_from_work_list(s, jl);
+    if (jl->j_len == 0 || atomic_read(&jl->j_nonzerolen) == 0) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    cn = jl->j_realblock ;
+    while(cn) {
+        /* if the blocknr == 0, this has been cleared from the hash,
+        ** skip it
+        */
+        if (cn->blocknr == 0) {
+            goto next ;
+        }
+        if (cn->bh && can_dirty(cn) && buffer_dirty(cn->bh)) {
+            struct buffer_head *tmp_bh;
+            /* we can race against journal_mark_freed when we try
+             * to lock_buffer(cn->bh), so we have to inc the buffer
+             * count, and recheck things after locking
+             */
+            tmp_bh = cn->bh;
+            get_bh(tmp_bh);
+            lock_buffer(tmp_bh);
+            if (cn->bh && can_dirty(cn) && buffer_dirty(tmp_bh)) {
+                if (!buffer_journal_dirty(tmp_bh) ||
+                    buffer_journal_prepared(tmp_bh))
+                    BUG();
+                add_to_chunk(chunk, tmp_bh, NULL, write_chunk);
+                ret++;
+            } else {
+                /* note, cn->bh might be null now */
+                unlock_buffer(tmp_bh);
+            }
+            put_bh(tmp_bh);
+        }
+next:
+        cn = cn->next ;
+        cond_resched();
+    }
+    return ret ;
+}
+
+/* used by flush_commit_list */
+static int dirty_one_transaction(struct super_block *s,
+                                 struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cn;
+    struct reiserfs_journal_list *pjl;
+    int ret = 0 ;
+
+    jl->j_state |= LIST_DIRTY;
+    cn = jl->j_realblock ;
+    while(cn) {
+        /* look for a more recent transaction that logged this
+        ** buffer.  Only the most recent transaction with a buffer in
+        ** it is allowed to send that buffer to disk
+        */
+        pjl = find_newer_jl_for_cn(cn) ;
+        if (!pjl && cn->blocknr && cn->bh && buffer_journal_dirty(cn->bh))
+        {
+            BUG_ON (!can_dirty(cn));
+            /* if the buffer is prepared, it will either be logged
+             * or restored.  If restored, we need to make sure
+             * it actually gets marked dirty
+             */
+            clear_buffer_journal_new (cn->bh);
+            if (buffer_journal_prepared (cn->bh)) {
+                set_buffer_journal_restore_dirty (cn->bh);
+            } else {
+                set_buffer_journal_test (cn->bh);
+                mark_buffer_dirty(cn->bh);
+            }
+        } 
+        cn = cn->next ;
+    }
+    return ret ;
+}
+
+static int kupdate_transactions(struct super_block *s,
+                                   struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl,
+                                   struct reiserfs_journal_list **next_jl,
+                                   unsigned long *next_trans_id,
+                                   int num_blocks,
+                                   int num_trans) {
+    int ret = 0;
+    int written = 0 ;
+    int transactions_flushed = 0;
+    unsigned long orig_trans_id = jl->j_trans_id;
+    struct buffer_chunk chunk;
+    struct list_head *entry;
+    struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (s);
+    chunk.nr = 0;
+
+    down(&journal->j_flush_sem);
+    if (!journal_list_still_alive(s, orig_trans_id)) {
+        goto done;
+    }
+
+    /* we've got j_flush_sem held, nobody is going to delete any
+     * of these lists out from underneath us
+     */
+    while((num_trans && transactions_flushed < num_trans) ||
+          (!num_trans && written < num_blocks)) {
+
+        if (jl->j_len == 0 || (jl->j_state & LIST_TOUCHED) ||
+            atomic_read(&jl->j_commit_left) || !(jl->j_state & LIST_DIRTY))
+        {
+            del_from_work_list(s, jl);
+            break;
+        }
+        ret = write_one_transaction(s, jl, &chunk);
+
+        if (ret < 0)
+            goto done;
+        transactions_flushed++;
+        written += ret;
+        entry = jl->j_list.next;
+
+        /* did we wrap? */
+        if (entry == &journal->j_journal_list) {
+            break;
+        }
+        jl = JOURNAL_LIST_ENTRY(entry);
+
+        /* don't bother with older transactions */
+        if (jl->j_trans_id <= orig_trans_id)
+            break;
+    }
+    if (chunk.nr) {
+        write_chunk(&chunk);
+    }
+
+done:
+    up(&journal->j_flush_sem);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+/* for o_sync and fsync heavy applications, they tend to use
+** all the journa list slots with tiny transactions.  These
+** trigger lots and lots of calls to update the header block, which
+** adds seeks and slows things down.
+**
+** This function tries to clear out a large chunk of the journal lists
+** at once, which makes everything faster since only the newest journal
+** list updates the header block
+*/
+static int flush_used_journal_lists(struct super_block *s,
+                                    struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl) {
+    unsigned long len = 0;
+    unsigned long cur_len;
+    int ret;
+    int i;
+    int limit = 256;
+    struct reiserfs_journal_list *tjl;
+    struct reiserfs_journal_list *flush_jl;
+    unsigned long trans_id;
+    struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (s);
+
+    flush_jl = tjl = jl;
+
+    /* in data logging mode, try harder to flush a lot of blocks */
+    if (reiserfs_data_log(s))
+        limit = 1024;
+    /* flush for 256 transactions or limit blocks, whichever comes first */
+    for(i = 0 ; i < 256 && len < limit ; i++) {
+        if (atomic_read(&tjl->j_commit_left) ||
+            tjl->j_trans_id < jl->j_trans_id) {
+            break;
+        }
+        cur_len = atomic_read(&tjl->j_nonzerolen);
+        if (cur_len > 0) {
+            tjl->j_state &= ~LIST_TOUCHED;
+        }
+        len += cur_len;
+        flush_jl = tjl;
+        if (tjl->j_list.next == &journal->j_journal_list)
+            break;
+        tjl = JOURNAL_LIST_ENTRY(tjl->j_list.next);
+    }
+    /* try to find a group of blocks we can flush across all the
+    ** transactions, but only bother if we've actually spanned
+    ** across multiple lists
+    */
+    if (flush_jl != jl) {
+        ret = kupdate_transactions(s, jl, &tjl, &trans_id, len, i);
+    }
+    flush_journal_list(s, flush_jl, 1);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+** removes any nodes in table with name block and dev as bh.
+** only touchs the hnext and hprev pointers.
+*/
+void remove_journal_hash(struct super_block *sb,
+                        struct reiserfs_journal_cnode **table,
+                        struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl,
+                        unsigned long block, int remove_freed)
+{
+  struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cur ;
+  struct reiserfs_journal_cnode **head ;
+
+  head= &(journal_hash(table, sb, block)) ;
+  if (!head) {
+    return ;
+  }
+  cur = *head ;
+  while(cur) {
+    if (cur->blocknr == block && cur->sb == sb && (jl == NULL || jl == cur->jlist) && 
+        (!test_bit(BLOCK_FREED, &cur->state) || remove_freed)) {
+      if (cur->hnext) {
+        cur->hnext->hprev = cur->hprev ;
+      }
+      if (cur->hprev) {
+        cur->hprev->hnext = cur->hnext ;
+      } else {
+        *head = cur->hnext ;
+      }
+      cur->blocknr = 0 ;
+      cur->sb = NULL ;
+      cur->state = 0 ;
+      if (cur->bh && cur->jlist) /* anybody who clears the cur->bh will also dec the nonzerolen */
+        atomic_dec(&(cur->jlist->j_nonzerolen)) ;
+      cur->bh = NULL ;
+      cur->jlist = NULL ;
+    } 
+    cur = cur->hnext ;
+  }
+}
+
+static void free_journal_ram(struct super_block *p_s_sb) {
+  struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(p_s_sb);
+  reiserfs_kfree(journal->j_current_jl,
+                 sizeof(struct reiserfs_journal_list), p_s_sb);
+  journal->j_num_lists--;
+
+  vfree(journal->j_cnode_free_orig) ;
+  free_list_bitmaps(p_s_sb, journal->j_list_bitmap) ;
+  free_bitmap_nodes(p_s_sb) ; /* must be after free_list_bitmaps */
+  if (journal->j_header_bh) {
+    brelse(journal->j_header_bh) ;
+  }
+  /* j_header_bh is on the journal dev, make sure not to release the journal
+   * dev until we brelse j_header_bh
+   */
+  release_journal_dev(p_s_sb, journal);
+  vfree(journal) ;
+}
+
+/*
+** call on unmount.  Only set error to 1 if you haven't made your way out
+** of read_super() yet.  Any other caller must keep error at 0.
+*/
+static int do_journal_release(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, struct super_block *p_s_sb, int error) {
+  struct reiserfs_transaction_handle myth ;
+  int flushed = 0;
+  struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(p_s_sb);
+
+  /* we only want to flush out transactions if we were called with error == 0
+  */
+  if (!error && !(p_s_sb->s_flags & MS_RDONLY)) {
+    /* end the current trans */
+    BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+    do_journal_end(th, p_s_sb,10, FLUSH_ALL) ;
+
+    /* make sure something gets logged to force our way into the flush code */
+    if (!journal_join(&myth, p_s_sb, 1)) {
+        reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(p_s_sb, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(p_s_sb), 1) ;
+        journal_mark_dirty(&myth, p_s_sb, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(p_s_sb)) ;
+        do_journal_end(&myth, p_s_sb,1, FLUSH_ALL) ;
+        flushed = 1;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /* this also catches errors during the do_journal_end above */
+  if (!error && reiserfs_is_journal_aborted(journal)) {
+      memset(&myth, 0, sizeof(myth));
+      if (!journal_join_abort(&myth, p_s_sb, 1)) {
+          reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(p_s_sb, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(p_s_sb), 1) ;
+          journal_mark_dirty(&myth, p_s_sb, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(p_s_sb)) ;
+          do_journal_end(&myth, p_s_sb, 1, FLUSH_ALL) ;
+      }
+  }
+
+  reiserfs_mounted_fs_count-- ;
+  /* wait for all commits to finish */
+  cancel_delayed_work(&SB_JOURNAL(p_s_sb)->j_work);
+  flush_workqueue(commit_wq);
+  if (!reiserfs_mounted_fs_count) {
+    destroy_workqueue(commit_wq);
+    commit_wq = NULL;
+  }
+
+  free_journal_ram(p_s_sb) ;
+
+  return 0 ;
+}
+
+/*
+** call on unmount.  flush all journal trans, release all alloc'd ram
+*/
+int journal_release(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, struct super_block *p_s_sb) {
+  return do_journal_release(th, p_s_sb, 0) ;
+}
+/*
+** only call from an error condition inside reiserfs_read_super!
+*/
+int journal_release_error(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, struct super_block *p_s_sb) {
+  return do_journal_release(th, p_s_sb, 1) ;
+}
+
+/* compares description block with commit block.  returns 1 if they differ, 0 if they are the same */
+static int journal_compare_desc_commit(struct super_block *p_s_sb, struct reiserfs_journal_desc *desc, 
+                                       struct reiserfs_journal_commit *commit) {
+  if (get_commit_trans_id (commit) != get_desc_trans_id (desc) || 
+      get_commit_trans_len (commit) != get_desc_trans_len (desc) || 
+      get_commit_trans_len (commit) > SB_JOURNAL(p_s_sb)->j_trans_max ||
+      get_commit_trans_len (commit) <= 0 
+  ) {
+    return 1 ;
+  }
+  return 0 ;
+}
+/* returns 0 if it did not find a description block  
+** returns -1 if it found a corrupt commit block
+** returns 1 if both desc and commit were valid 
+*/
+static int journal_transaction_is_valid(struct super_block *p_s_sb, struct buffer_head *d_bh, unsigned long *oldest_invalid_trans_id, unsigned long *newest_mount_id) {
+  struct reiserfs_journal_desc *desc ;
+  struct reiserfs_journal_commit *commit ;
+  struct buffer_head *c_bh ;
+  unsigned long offset ;
+
+  if (!d_bh)
+      return 0 ;
+
+  desc = (struct reiserfs_journal_desc *)d_bh->b_data ;
+  if (get_desc_trans_len(desc) > 0 && !memcmp(get_journal_desc_magic (d_bh), JOURNAL_DESC_MAGIC, 8)) {
+    if (oldest_invalid_trans_id && *oldest_invalid_trans_id && get_desc_trans_id(desc) > *oldest_invalid_trans_id) {
+      reiserfs_debug(p_s_sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE, "journal-986: transaction "
+                      "is valid returning because trans_id %d is greater than "
+                      "oldest_invalid %lu", get_desc_trans_id(desc),
+                       *oldest_invalid_trans_id);
+      return 0 ;
+    }
+    if (newest_mount_id && *newest_mount_id > get_desc_mount_id (desc)) {
+      reiserfs_debug(p_s_sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE, "journal-1087: transaction "
+                     "is valid returning because mount_id %d is less than "
+                     "newest_mount_id %lu", get_desc_mount_id (desc),
+                     *newest_mount_id) ;
+      return -1 ;
+    }
+    if ( get_desc_trans_len(desc) > SB_JOURNAL(p_s_sb)->j_trans_max ) {
+      reiserfs_warning(p_s_sb, "journal-2018: Bad transaction length %d encountered, ignoring transaction", get_desc_trans_len(desc));
+      return -1 ;
+    }
+    offset = d_bh->b_blocknr - SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(p_s_sb) ;
+
+    /* ok, we have a journal description block, lets see if the transaction was valid */
+    c_bh = journal_bread(p_s_sb, SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(p_s_sb) +
+                 ((offset + get_desc_trans_len(desc) + 1) % SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(p_s_sb))) ;
+    if (!c_bh)
+      return 0 ;
+    commit = (struct reiserfs_journal_commit *)c_bh->b_data ;
+    if (journal_compare_desc_commit(p_s_sb, desc, commit)) {
+      reiserfs_debug(p_s_sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE, 
+                     "journal_transaction_is_valid, commit offset %ld had bad "
+                     "time %d or length %d",
+                     c_bh->b_blocknr -  SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(p_s_sb),
+                     get_commit_trans_id (commit), 
+                     get_commit_trans_len(commit));
+      brelse(c_bh) ;
+      if (oldest_invalid_trans_id) {
+        *oldest_invalid_trans_id = get_desc_trans_id(desc) ;
+        reiserfs_debug(p_s_sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE, "journal-1004: "
+                       "transaction_is_valid setting oldest invalid trans_id "
+                       "to %d", get_desc_trans_id(desc)) ;
+      }
+      return -1; 
+    }
+    brelse(c_bh) ;
+    reiserfs_debug(p_s_sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE, "journal-1006: found valid "
+                   "transaction start offset %llu, len %d id %d",
+                   d_bh->b_blocknr - SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(p_s_sb), 
+                   get_desc_trans_len(desc), get_desc_trans_id(desc)) ;
+    return 1 ;
+  } else {
+    return 0 ;
+  }
+}
+
+static void brelse_array(struct buffer_head **heads, int num) {
+  int i ;
+  for (i = 0 ; i < num ; i++) {
+    brelse(heads[i]) ;
+  }
+}
+
+/*
+** given the start, and values for the oldest acceptable transactions,
+** this either reads in a replays a transaction, or returns because the transaction
+** is invalid, or too old.
+*/
+static int journal_read_transaction(struct super_block *p_s_sb, unsigned long cur_dblock, unsigned long oldest_start, 
+                                    unsigned long oldest_trans_id, unsigned long newest_mount_id) {
+  struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (p_s_sb);
+  struct reiserfs_journal_desc *desc ;
+  struct reiserfs_journal_commit *commit ;
+  unsigned long trans_id = 0 ;
+  struct buffer_head *c_bh ;
+  struct buffer_head *d_bh ;
+  struct buffer_head **log_blocks = NULL ;
+  struct buffer_head **real_blocks = NULL ;
+  unsigned long trans_offset ;
+  int i;
+  int trans_half;
+
+  d_bh = journal_bread(p_s_sb, cur_dblock) ;
+  if (!d_bh)
+    return 1 ;
+  desc = (struct reiserfs_journal_desc *)d_bh->b_data ;
+  trans_offset = d_bh->b_blocknr - SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(p_s_sb) ;
+  reiserfs_debug(p_s_sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE, "journal-1037: "
+                 "journal_read_transaction, offset %llu, len %d mount_id %d",
+                 d_bh->b_blocknr - SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(p_s_sb), 
+                 get_desc_trans_len(desc), get_desc_mount_id(desc)) ;
+  if (get_desc_trans_id(desc) < oldest_trans_id) {
+    reiserfs_debug(p_s_sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE, "journal-1039: "
+                   "journal_read_trans skipping because %lu is too old",
+                   cur_dblock - SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(p_s_sb)) ;
+    brelse(d_bh) ;
+    return 1 ;
+  }
+  if (get_desc_mount_id(desc) != newest_mount_id) {
+    reiserfs_debug(p_s_sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE, "journal-1146: "
+                   "journal_read_trans skipping because %d is != "
+                   "newest_mount_id %lu", get_desc_mount_id(desc),
+                    newest_mount_id) ;
+    brelse(d_bh) ;
+    return 1 ;
+  }
+  c_bh = journal_bread(p_s_sb, SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(p_s_sb) +
+                ((trans_offset + get_desc_trans_len(desc) + 1) % 
+                 SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(p_s_sb))) ;
+  if (!c_bh) {
+    brelse(d_bh) ;
+    return 1 ;
+  }
+  commit = (struct reiserfs_journal_commit *)c_bh->b_data ;
+  if (journal_compare_desc_commit(p_s_sb, desc, commit)) {
+    reiserfs_debug(p_s_sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE, "journal_read_transaction, "
+                   "commit offset %llu had bad time %d or length %d",
+                   c_bh->b_blocknr -  SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(p_s_sb), 
+                   get_commit_trans_id(commit), get_commit_trans_len(commit));
+    brelse(c_bh) ;
+    brelse(d_bh) ;
+    return 1; 
+  }
+  trans_id = get_desc_trans_id(desc) ;
+  /* now we know we've got a good transaction, and it was inside the valid time ranges */
+  log_blocks = reiserfs_kmalloc(get_desc_trans_len(desc) * sizeof(struct buffer_head *), GFP_NOFS, p_s_sb) ;
+  real_blocks = reiserfs_kmalloc(get_desc_trans_len(desc) * sizeof(struct buffer_head *), GFP_NOFS, p_s_sb) ;
+  if (!log_blocks  || !real_blocks) {
+    brelse(c_bh) ;
+    brelse(d_bh) ;
+    reiserfs_kfree(log_blocks, get_desc_trans_len(desc) * sizeof(struct buffer_head *), p_s_sb) ;
+    reiserfs_kfree(real_blocks, get_desc_trans_len(desc) * sizeof(struct buffer_head *), p_s_sb) ;
+    reiserfs_warning(p_s_sb, "journal-1169: kmalloc failed, unable to mount FS") ;
+    return -1 ;
+  }
+  /* get all the buffer heads */
+  trans_half = journal_trans_half (p_s_sb->s_blocksize) ;
+  for(i = 0 ; i < get_desc_trans_len(desc) ; i++) {
+    log_blocks[i] =  journal_getblk(p_s_sb,  SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(p_s_sb) + (trans_offset + 1 + i) % SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(p_s_sb));
+    if (i < trans_half) {
+      real_blocks[i] = sb_getblk(p_s_sb, le32_to_cpu(desc->j_realblock[i])) ;
+    } else {
+      real_blocks[i] = sb_getblk(p_s_sb, le32_to_cpu(commit->j_realblock[i - trans_half])) ;
+    }
+    if ( real_blocks[i]->b_blocknr > SB_BLOCK_COUNT(p_s_sb) ) {
+      reiserfs_warning(p_s_sb, "journal-1207: REPLAY FAILURE fsck required! Block to replay is outside of filesystem");
+      goto abort_replay;
+    }
+    /* make sure we don't try to replay onto log or reserved area */
+    if (is_block_in_log_or_reserved_area(p_s_sb, real_blocks[i]->b_blocknr)) {
+      reiserfs_warning(p_s_sb, "journal-1204: REPLAY FAILURE fsck required! Trying to replay onto a log block") ;
+abort_replay:
+      brelse_array(log_blocks, i) ;
+      brelse_array(real_blocks, i) ;
+      brelse(c_bh) ;
+      brelse(d_bh) ;
+      reiserfs_kfree(log_blocks, get_desc_trans_len(desc) * sizeof(struct buffer_head *), p_s_sb) ;
+      reiserfs_kfree(real_blocks, get_desc_trans_len(desc) * sizeof(struct buffer_head *), p_s_sb) ;
+      return -1 ;
+    }
+  }
+  /* read in the log blocks, memcpy to the corresponding real block */
+  ll_rw_block(READ, get_desc_trans_len(desc), log_blocks) ;
+  for (i = 0 ; i < get_desc_trans_len(desc) ; i++) {
+    wait_on_buffer(log_blocks[i]) ;
+    if (!buffer_uptodate(log_blocks[i])) {
+      reiserfs_warning(p_s_sb, "journal-1212: REPLAY FAILURE fsck required! buffer write failed") ;
+      brelse_array(log_blocks + i, get_desc_trans_len(desc) - i) ;
+      brelse_array(real_blocks, get_desc_trans_len(desc)) ;
+      brelse(c_bh) ;
+      brelse(d_bh) ;
+      reiserfs_kfree(log_blocks, get_desc_trans_len(desc) * sizeof(struct buffer_head *), p_s_sb) ;
+      reiserfs_kfree(real_blocks, get_desc_trans_len(desc) * sizeof(struct buffer_head *), p_s_sb) ;
+      return -1 ;
+    }
+    memcpy(real_blocks[i]->b_data, log_blocks[i]->b_data, real_blocks[i]->b_size) ;
+    set_buffer_uptodate(real_blocks[i]) ;
+    brelse(log_blocks[i]) ;
+  }
+  /* flush out the real blocks */
+  for (i = 0 ; i < get_desc_trans_len(desc) ; i++) {
+    set_buffer_dirty(real_blocks[i]) ;
+    ll_rw_block(WRITE, 1, real_blocks + i) ;
+  }
+  for (i = 0 ; i < get_desc_trans_len(desc) ; i++) {
+    wait_on_buffer(real_blocks[i]) ; 
+    if (!buffer_uptodate(real_blocks[i])) {
+      reiserfs_warning(p_s_sb, "journal-1226: REPLAY FAILURE, fsck required! buffer write failed") ;
+      brelse_array(real_blocks + i, get_desc_trans_len(desc) - i) ;
+      brelse(c_bh) ;
+      brelse(d_bh) ;
+      reiserfs_kfree(log_blocks, get_desc_trans_len(desc) * sizeof(struct buffer_head *), p_s_sb) ;
+      reiserfs_kfree(real_blocks, get_desc_trans_len(desc) * sizeof(struct buffer_head *), p_s_sb) ;
+      return -1 ;
+    }
+    brelse(real_blocks[i]) ;
+  }
+  cur_dblock =  SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(p_s_sb) + ((trans_offset + get_desc_trans_len(desc) + 2) % SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(p_s_sb)) ;
+  reiserfs_debug(p_s_sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE, "journal-1095: setting journal "
+                 "start to offset %ld",
+                 cur_dblock -  SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(p_s_sb)) ;
+  
+  /* init starting values for the first transaction, in case this is the last transaction to be replayed. */
+  journal->j_start = cur_dblock - SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(p_s_sb) ;
+  journal->j_last_flush_trans_id = trans_id ;
+  journal->j_trans_id = trans_id + 1;
+  brelse(c_bh) ;
+  brelse(d_bh) ;
+  reiserfs_kfree(log_blocks, le32_to_cpu(desc->j_len) * sizeof(struct buffer_head *), p_s_sb) ;
+  reiserfs_kfree(real_blocks, le32_to_cpu(desc->j_len) * sizeof(struct buffer_head *), p_s_sb) ;
+  return 0 ;
+}
+
+/* This function reads blocks starting from block and to max_block of bufsize
+   size (but no more than BUFNR blocks at a time). This proved to improve
+   mounting speed on self-rebuilding raid5 arrays at least.
+   Right now it is only used from journal code. But later we might use it
+   from other places.
+   Note: Do not use journal_getblk/sb_getblk functions here! */
+static struct buffer_head * reiserfs_breada (struct block_device *dev, int block, int bufsize,
+                            unsigned int max_block)
+{
+        struct buffer_head * bhlist[BUFNR];
+        unsigned int blocks = BUFNR;
+        struct buffer_head * bh;
+        int i, j;
+        
+        bh = __getblk (dev, block, bufsize );
+        if (buffer_uptodate (bh))
+                return (bh);   
+                
+        if (block + BUFNR > max_block) {
+                blocks = max_block - block;
+        }
+        bhlist[0] = bh;
+        j = 1;
+        for (i = 1; i < blocks; i++) {
+                bh = __getblk (dev, block + i, bufsize);
+                if (buffer_uptodate (bh)) {
+                        brelse (bh);
+                        break;
+                }
+                else bhlist[j++] = bh;
+        }
+        ll_rw_block (READ, j, bhlist);
+        for(i = 1; i < j; i++) 
+                brelse (bhlist[i]);
+        bh = bhlist[0];
+        wait_on_buffer (bh);
+        if (buffer_uptodate (bh))
+                return bh;
+        brelse (bh);
+        return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+** read and replay the log
+** on a clean unmount, the journal header's next unflushed pointer will be to an invalid
+** transaction.  This tests that before finding all the transactions in the log, which makes normal mount times fast.
+**
+** After a crash, this starts with the next unflushed transaction, and replays until it finds one too old, or invalid.
+**
+** On exit, it sets things up so the first transaction will work correctly.
+*/
+static int journal_read(struct super_block *p_s_sb) {
+  struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (p_s_sb);
+  struct reiserfs_journal_desc *desc ;
+  unsigned long oldest_trans_id = 0;
+  unsigned long oldest_invalid_trans_id = 0 ;
+  time_t start ;
+  unsigned long oldest_start = 0;
+  unsigned long cur_dblock = 0 ;
+  unsigned long newest_mount_id = 9 ;
+  struct buffer_head *d_bh ;
+  struct reiserfs_journal_header *jh ;
+  int valid_journal_header = 0 ;
+  int replay_count = 0 ;
+  int continue_replay = 1 ;
+  int ret ;
+  char b[BDEVNAME_SIZE];
+
+  cur_dblock = SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(p_s_sb) ;
+  reiserfs_info (p_s_sb, "checking transaction log (%s)\n",
+         bdevname(journal->j_dev_bd, b));
+  start = get_seconds();
+
+  /* step 1, read in the journal header block.  Check the transaction it says 
+  ** is the first unflushed, and if that transaction is not valid, 
+  ** replay is done
+  */
+  journal->j_header_bh = journal_bread(p_s_sb,
+                                           SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(p_s_sb) + 
+                                           SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(p_s_sb));
+  if (!journal->j_header_bh) {
+    return 1 ;
+  }
+  jh = (struct reiserfs_journal_header *)(journal->j_header_bh->b_data) ;
+  if (le32_to_cpu(jh->j_first_unflushed_offset) >= 0 && 
+      le32_to_cpu(jh->j_first_unflushed_offset) < SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(p_s_sb) && 
+      le32_to_cpu(jh->j_last_flush_trans_id) > 0) {
+    oldest_start = SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(p_s_sb) + 
+                       le32_to_cpu(jh->j_first_unflushed_offset) ;
+    oldest_trans_id = le32_to_cpu(jh->j_last_flush_trans_id) + 1;
+    newest_mount_id = le32_to_cpu(jh->j_mount_id);
+    reiserfs_debug(p_s_sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE, "journal-1153: found in "
+                   "header: first_unflushed_offset %d, last_flushed_trans_id "
+                   "%lu", le32_to_cpu(jh->j_first_unflushed_offset),
+                   le32_to_cpu(jh->j_last_flush_trans_id)) ;
+    valid_journal_header = 1 ;
+
+    /* now, we try to read the first unflushed offset.  If it is not valid, 
+    ** there is nothing more we can do, and it makes no sense to read 
+    ** through the whole log.
+    */
+    d_bh = journal_bread(p_s_sb, SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(p_s_sb) + le32_to_cpu(jh->j_first_unflushed_offset)) ;
+    ret = journal_transaction_is_valid(p_s_sb, d_bh, NULL, NULL) ;
+    if (!ret) {
+      continue_replay = 0 ;
+    }
+    brelse(d_bh) ;
+    goto start_log_replay;
+  }
+
+  if (continue_replay && bdev_read_only(p_s_sb->s_bdev)) {
+    reiserfs_warning (p_s_sb,
+                      "clm-2076: device is readonly, unable to replay log") ;
+    return -1 ;
+  }
+
+  /* ok, there are transactions that need to be replayed.  start with the first log block, find
+  ** all the valid transactions, and pick out the oldest.
+  */
+  while(continue_replay && cur_dblock < (SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(p_s_sb) + SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(p_s_sb))) {
+    /* Note that it is required for blocksize of primary fs device and journal
+       device to be the same */
+    d_bh = reiserfs_breada(journal->j_dev_bd, cur_dblock, p_s_sb->s_blocksize,
+                           SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(p_s_sb) + SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(p_s_sb)) ;
+    ret = journal_transaction_is_valid(p_s_sb, d_bh, &oldest_invalid_trans_id, &newest_mount_id) ;
+    if (ret == 1) {
+      desc = (struct reiserfs_journal_desc *)d_bh->b_data ;
+      if (oldest_start == 0) { /* init all oldest_ values */
+        oldest_trans_id = get_desc_trans_id(desc) ;
+        oldest_start = d_bh->b_blocknr ;
+        newest_mount_id = get_desc_mount_id(desc) ;
+        reiserfs_debug(p_s_sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE, "journal-1179: Setting "
+                       "oldest_start to offset %llu, trans_id %lu",
+                       oldest_start - SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(p_s_sb), 
+                       oldest_trans_id) ;
+      } else if (oldest_trans_id > get_desc_trans_id(desc)) { 
+        /* one we just read was older */
+        oldest_trans_id = get_desc_trans_id(desc) ;
+        oldest_start = d_bh->b_blocknr ;
+        reiserfs_debug(p_s_sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE, "journal-1180: Resetting "
+                       "oldest_start to offset %lu, trans_id %lu",
+                        oldest_start - SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(p_s_sb), 
+                        oldest_trans_id) ;
+      }
+      if (newest_mount_id < get_desc_mount_id(desc)) {
+        newest_mount_id = get_desc_mount_id(desc) ;
+        reiserfs_debug(p_s_sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE, "journal-1299: Setting "
+                      "newest_mount_id to %d", get_desc_mount_id(desc));
+      }
+      cur_dblock += get_desc_trans_len(desc) + 2 ;
+    } else {
+      cur_dblock++ ;
+    }
+    brelse(d_bh) ;
+  }
+
+start_log_replay:
+  cur_dblock = oldest_start ;
+  if (oldest_trans_id)  {
+    reiserfs_debug(p_s_sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE, "journal-1206: Starting replay "
+                   "from offset %llu, trans_id %lu",
+                   cur_dblock - SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(p_s_sb), 
+                   oldest_trans_id) ;
+
+  }
+  replay_count = 0 ;
+  while(continue_replay && oldest_trans_id > 0) {
+    ret = journal_read_transaction(p_s_sb, cur_dblock, oldest_start, oldest_trans_id, newest_mount_id) ;
+    if (ret < 0) {
+      return ret ;
+    } else if (ret != 0) {
+      break ;
+    }
+    cur_dblock = SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(p_s_sb) + journal->j_start ;
+    replay_count++ ;
+   if (cur_dblock == oldest_start)
+        break;
+  }
+
+  if (oldest_trans_id == 0) {
+    reiserfs_debug(p_s_sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE, "journal-1225: No valid "
+                   "transactions found") ;
+  }
+  /* j_start does not get set correctly if we don't replay any transactions.
+  ** if we had a valid journal_header, set j_start to the first unflushed transaction value,
+  ** copy the trans_id from the header
+  */
+  if (valid_journal_header && replay_count == 0) { 
+    journal->j_start = le32_to_cpu(jh->j_first_unflushed_offset) ;
+    journal->j_trans_id = le32_to_cpu(jh->j_last_flush_trans_id) + 1;
+    journal->j_last_flush_trans_id = le32_to_cpu(jh->j_last_flush_trans_id) ;
+    journal->j_mount_id = le32_to_cpu(jh->j_mount_id) + 1;
+  } else {
+    journal->j_mount_id = newest_mount_id + 1 ;
+  }
+  reiserfs_debug(p_s_sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE, "journal-1299: Setting "
+                 "newest_mount_id to %lu", journal->j_mount_id) ;
+  journal->j_first_unflushed_offset = journal->j_start ;
+  if (replay_count > 0) {
+    reiserfs_info (p_s_sb, "replayed %d transactions in %lu seconds\n",
+                   replay_count, get_seconds() - start) ;
+  }
+  if (!bdev_read_only(p_s_sb->s_bdev) && 
+       _update_journal_header_block(p_s_sb, journal->j_start,
+                                   journal->j_last_flush_trans_id))
+  {
+      /* replay failed, caller must call free_journal_ram and abort
+      ** the mount
+      */
+      return -1 ;
+  }
+  return 0 ;
+}
+
+static struct reiserfs_journal_list *alloc_journal_list(struct super_block *s)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl;
+retry:
+    jl = reiserfs_kmalloc(sizeof(struct reiserfs_journal_list), GFP_NOFS, s);
+    if (!jl) {
+        yield();
+        goto retry;
+    }
+    memset(jl, 0, sizeof(*jl));
+    INIT_LIST_HEAD(&jl->j_list);
+    INIT_LIST_HEAD(&jl->j_working_list);
+    INIT_LIST_HEAD(&jl->j_tail_bh_list);
+    INIT_LIST_HEAD(&jl->j_bh_list);
+    sema_init(&jl->j_commit_lock, 1);
+    SB_JOURNAL(s)->j_num_lists++;
+    get_journal_list(jl);
+    return jl;
+}
+
+static void journal_list_init(struct super_block *p_s_sb) {
+    SB_JOURNAL(p_s_sb)->j_current_jl = alloc_journal_list(p_s_sb);
+}
+
+static int release_journal_dev( struct super_block *super,
+                                struct reiserfs_journal *journal )
+{
+    int result;
+    
+    result = 0;
+
+    if( journal -> j_dev_file != NULL ) {
+        result = filp_close( journal -> j_dev_file, NULL );
+        journal -> j_dev_file = NULL;
+        journal -> j_dev_bd = NULL;
+    } else if( journal -> j_dev_bd != NULL ) {
+        result = blkdev_put( journal -> j_dev_bd );
+        journal -> j_dev_bd = NULL;
+    }
+
+    if( result != 0 ) {
+        reiserfs_warning(super, "sh-457: release_journal_dev: Cannot release journal device: %i", result );
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+static int journal_init_dev( struct super_block *super, 
+                             struct reiserfs_journal *journal, 
+                             const char *jdev_name )
+{
+        int result;
+        dev_t jdev;
+        int blkdev_mode = FMODE_READ | FMODE_WRITE;
+        char b[BDEVNAME_SIZE];
+
+        result = 0;
+
+        journal -> j_dev_bd = NULL;
+        journal -> j_dev_file = NULL;
+        jdev = SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_DEVICE( super ) ?
+                new_decode_dev(SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_DEVICE(super)) : super->s_dev; 
+
+        if (bdev_read_only(super->s_bdev))
+            blkdev_mode = FMODE_READ;
+
+        /* there is no "jdev" option and journal is on separate device */
+        if( ( !jdev_name || !jdev_name[ 0 ] ) ) {
+                journal->j_dev_bd = open_by_devnum(jdev, blkdev_mode);
+                if (IS_ERR(journal->j_dev_bd)) {
+                        result = PTR_ERR(journal->j_dev_bd);
+                        journal->j_dev_bd = NULL;
+                        reiserfs_warning (super, "sh-458: journal_init_dev: "
+                                          "cannot init journal device '%s': %i",
+                                          __bdevname(jdev, b), result );
+                        return result;
+                } else if (jdev != super->s_dev)
+                        set_blocksize(journal->j_dev_bd, super->s_blocksize);
+                return 0;
+        }
+
+        journal -> j_dev_file = filp_open( jdev_name, 0, 0 );
+        if( !IS_ERR( journal -> j_dev_file ) ) {
+                struct inode *jdev_inode = journal->j_dev_file->f_mapping->host;
+                if( !S_ISBLK( jdev_inode -> i_mode ) ) {
+                        reiserfs_warning  (super, "journal_init_dev: '%s' is "
+                                           "not a block device", jdev_name );
+                        result = -ENOTBLK;
+                } else  {
+                        /* ok */
+                        journal->j_dev_bd = I_BDEV(jdev_inode);
+                        set_blocksize(journal->j_dev_bd, super->s_blocksize);
+                }
+        } else {
+                result = PTR_ERR( journal -> j_dev_file );
+                journal -> j_dev_file = NULL;
+                reiserfs_warning (super,
+                                  "journal_init_dev: Cannot open '%s': %i",
+                                  jdev_name, result );
+        }
+        if( result != 0 ) {
+                release_journal_dev( super, journal );
+        }
+        reiserfs_info(super, "journal_init_dev: journal device: %s\n",
+                bdevname(journal->j_dev_bd, b));
+        return result;
+}
+
+/*
+** must be called once on fs mount.  calls journal_read for you
+*/
+int journal_init(struct super_block *p_s_sb, const char * j_dev_name, int old_format, unsigned int commit_max_age) {
+    int num_cnodes = SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(p_s_sb) * 2 ;
+    struct buffer_head *bhjh;
+    struct reiserfs_super_block * rs;
+    struct reiserfs_journal_header *jh;
+    struct reiserfs_journal *journal;
+    struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl;
+    char b[BDEVNAME_SIZE];
+
+    journal = SB_JOURNAL(p_s_sb) = vmalloc(sizeof (struct reiserfs_journal)) ;
+    if (!journal) {
+        reiserfs_warning (p_s_sb, "journal-1256: unable to get memory for journal structure") ;
+        return 1 ;
+    }
+    memset(journal, 0, sizeof(struct reiserfs_journal)) ;
+    INIT_LIST_HEAD(&journal->j_bitmap_nodes) ;
+    INIT_LIST_HEAD (&journal->j_prealloc_list);
+    INIT_LIST_HEAD(&journal->j_working_list);
+    INIT_LIST_HEAD(&journal->j_journal_list);
+    journal->j_persistent_trans = 0;
+    if (reiserfs_allocate_list_bitmaps(p_s_sb,
+                                       journal->j_list_bitmap,
+                                       SB_BMAP_NR(p_s_sb)))
+        goto free_and_return ;
+    allocate_bitmap_nodes(p_s_sb) ;
+
+    /* reserved for journal area support */
+    SB_JOURNAL_1st_RESERVED_BLOCK(p_s_sb) = (old_format ?
+                                             REISERFS_OLD_DISK_OFFSET_IN_BYTES / p_s_sb->s_blocksize +
+                                             SB_BMAP_NR(p_s_sb) + 1 :
+                                             REISERFS_DISK_OFFSET_IN_BYTES / p_s_sb->s_blocksize + 2); 
+    
+    /* Sanity check to see is the standard journal fitting withing first bitmap
+       (actual for small blocksizes) */
+    if ( !SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_DEVICE( p_s_sb ) &&
+         (SB_JOURNAL_1st_RESERVED_BLOCK(p_s_sb) + SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(p_s_sb) > p_s_sb->s_blocksize * 8) ) {
+        reiserfs_warning (p_s_sb, "journal-1393: journal does not fit for area "
+                          "addressed by first of bitmap blocks. It starts at "
+                          "%u and its size is %u. Block size %ld",
+                          SB_JOURNAL_1st_RESERVED_BLOCK(p_s_sb),
+                          SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(p_s_sb), p_s_sb->s_blocksize);
+        goto free_and_return;
+    }
+
+    if( journal_init_dev( p_s_sb, journal, j_dev_name ) != 0 ) {
+      reiserfs_warning (p_s_sb, "sh-462: unable to initialize jornal device");
+      goto free_and_return;
+    }
+
+     rs = SB_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(p_s_sb);
+     
+     /* read journal header */
+     bhjh = journal_bread(p_s_sb,
+                   SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(p_s_sb) + SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(p_s_sb));
+     if (!bhjh) {
+         reiserfs_warning (p_s_sb, "sh-459: unable to read journal header");
+         goto free_and_return;
+     }
+     jh = (struct reiserfs_journal_header *)(bhjh->b_data);
+     
+     /* make sure that journal matches to the super block */
+     if (is_reiserfs_jr(rs) && (jh->jh_journal.jp_journal_magic != sb_jp_journal_magic(rs))) {
+         reiserfs_warning (p_s_sb, "sh-460: journal header magic %x "
+                           "(device %s) does not match to magic found in super "
+                           "block %x",
+                           jh->jh_journal.jp_journal_magic,
+                           bdevname( journal->j_dev_bd, b),
+                           sb_jp_journal_magic(rs));
+         brelse (bhjh);
+         goto free_and_return;
+  }
+     
+  journal->j_trans_max      = le32_to_cpu (jh->jh_journal.jp_journal_trans_max);
+  journal->j_max_batch      = le32_to_cpu (jh->jh_journal.jp_journal_max_batch);
+  journal->j_max_commit_age = le32_to_cpu (jh->jh_journal.jp_journal_max_commit_age);
+  journal->j_max_trans_age = JOURNAL_MAX_TRANS_AGE;
+
+  if (journal->j_trans_max) {
+    /* make sure these parameters are available, assign it if they are not */
+    __u32 initial = journal->j_trans_max;
+    __u32 ratio = 1;
+    
+    if (p_s_sb->s_blocksize < 4096)
+      ratio = 4096 / p_s_sb->s_blocksize;
+    
+    if (SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(p_s_sb)/journal->j_trans_max < JOURNAL_MIN_RATIO)
+      journal->j_trans_max = SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(p_s_sb) / JOURNAL_MIN_RATIO;
+    if (journal->j_trans_max > JOURNAL_TRANS_MAX_DEFAULT / ratio)
+      journal->j_trans_max = JOURNAL_TRANS_MAX_DEFAULT / ratio;
+    if (journal->j_trans_max < JOURNAL_TRANS_MIN_DEFAULT / ratio)
+      journal->j_trans_max = JOURNAL_TRANS_MIN_DEFAULT / ratio;
+    
+    if (journal->j_trans_max != initial)
+      reiserfs_warning (p_s_sb, "sh-461: journal_init: wrong transaction max size (%u). Changed to %u",
+              initial, journal->j_trans_max);
+
+    journal->j_max_batch = journal->j_trans_max*
+      JOURNAL_MAX_BATCH_DEFAULT/JOURNAL_TRANS_MAX_DEFAULT;
+  }  
+  
+  if (!journal->j_trans_max) {
+    /*we have the file system was created by old version of mkreiserfs 
+      so this field contains zero value */
+    journal->j_trans_max      = JOURNAL_TRANS_MAX_DEFAULT ;
+    journal->j_max_batch      = JOURNAL_MAX_BATCH_DEFAULT ;
+    journal->j_max_commit_age = JOURNAL_MAX_COMMIT_AGE ;
+    
+    /* for blocksize >= 4096 - max transaction size is 1024. For block size < 4096
+       trans max size is decreased proportionally */
+    if (p_s_sb->s_blocksize < 4096) {
+      journal->j_trans_max /= (4096 / p_s_sb->s_blocksize) ;
+      journal->j_max_batch = (journal->j_trans_max) * 9 / 10 ;
+    }
+  }
+
+  journal->j_default_max_commit_age = journal->j_max_commit_age;
+
+  if (commit_max_age != 0) {
+      journal->j_max_commit_age = commit_max_age;
+      journal->j_max_trans_age = commit_max_age;
+  }
+
+  reiserfs_info (p_s_sb, "journal params: device %s, size %u, "
+                 "journal first block %u, max trans len %u, max batch %u, "
+                 "max commit age %u, max trans age %u\n",
+                 bdevname( journal->j_dev_bd, b),
+                 SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(p_s_sb),
+                 SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(p_s_sb),
+                 journal->j_trans_max,
+                 journal->j_max_batch,
+                 journal->j_max_commit_age,
+                 journal->j_max_trans_age);
+
+  brelse (bhjh);
+     
+  journal->j_list_bitmap_index = 0 ;
+  journal_list_init(p_s_sb) ;
+
+  memset(journal->j_list_hash_table, 0, JOURNAL_HASH_SIZE * sizeof(struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *)) ;
+
+  INIT_LIST_HEAD(&journal->j_dirty_buffers) ;
+  spin_lock_init(&journal->j_dirty_buffers_lock) ;
+
+  journal->j_start = 0 ;
+  journal->j_len = 0 ;
+  journal->j_len_alloc = 0 ;
+  atomic_set(&(journal->j_wcount), 0) ;
+  atomic_set(&(journal->j_async_throttle), 0) ;
+  journal->j_bcount = 0 ;
+  journal->j_trans_start_time = 0 ;
+  journal->j_last = NULL ;
+  journal->j_first = NULL ;
+  init_waitqueue_head(&(journal->j_join_wait)) ;
+  sema_init(&journal->j_lock, 1);
+  sema_init(&journal->j_flush_sem, 1);
+
+  journal->j_trans_id = 10 ;
+  journal->j_mount_id = 10 ;
+  journal->j_state = 0 ;
+  atomic_set(&(journal->j_jlock), 0) ;
+  journal->j_cnode_free_list = allocate_cnodes(num_cnodes) ;
+  journal->j_cnode_free_orig = journal->j_cnode_free_list ;
+  journal->j_cnode_free = journal->j_cnode_free_list ? num_cnodes : 0 ;
+  journal->j_cnode_used = 0 ;
+  journal->j_must_wait = 0 ;
+
+  init_journal_hash(p_s_sb) ;
+  jl = journal->j_current_jl;
+  jl->j_list_bitmap = get_list_bitmap(p_s_sb, jl);
+  if (!jl->j_list_bitmap) {
+    reiserfs_warning(p_s_sb, "journal-2005, get_list_bitmap failed for journal list 0") ;
+    goto free_and_return;
+  }
+  if (journal_read(p_s_sb) < 0) {
+    reiserfs_warning(p_s_sb, "Replay Failure, unable to mount") ;
+    goto free_and_return;
+  }
+
+  reiserfs_mounted_fs_count++ ;
+  if (reiserfs_mounted_fs_count <= 1)
+    commit_wq = create_workqueue("reiserfs");
+
+  INIT_WORK(&journal->j_work, flush_async_commits, p_s_sb);
+  return 0 ;
+free_and_return:
+  free_journal_ram(p_s_sb);
+  return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+** test for a polite end of the current transaction.  Used by file_write, and should
+** be used by delete to make sure they don't write more than can fit inside a single
+** transaction
+*/
+int journal_transaction_should_end(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, int new_alloc) {
+  struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (th->t_super);
+  time_t now = get_seconds() ;
+  /* cannot restart while nested */
+  BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+  if (th->t_refcount > 1)
+    return 0 ;
+  if ( journal->j_must_wait > 0 ||
+       (journal->j_len_alloc + new_alloc) >= journal->j_max_batch ||
+       atomic_read(&(journal->j_jlock)) ||
+      (now - journal->j_trans_start_time) > journal->j_max_trans_age ||
+       journal->j_cnode_free < (journal->j_trans_max * 3)) {
+    return 1 ;
+  }
+  return 0 ;
+}
+
+/* this must be called inside a transaction, and requires the 
+** kernel_lock to be held
+*/
+void reiserfs_block_writes(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th) {
+    struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (th->t_super);
+    BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+    journal->j_must_wait = 1 ;
+    set_bit(J_WRITERS_BLOCKED, &journal->j_state) ;
+    return ;
+}
+
+/* this must be called without a transaction started, and does not
+** require BKL
+*/
+void reiserfs_allow_writes(struct super_block *s) {
+    struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (s);
+    clear_bit(J_WRITERS_BLOCKED, &journal->j_state) ;
+    wake_up(&journal->j_join_wait) ;
+}
+
+/* this must be called without a transaction started, and does not
+** require BKL
+*/
+void reiserfs_wait_on_write_block(struct super_block *s) {
+    struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (s);
+    wait_event(journal->j_join_wait,
+               !test_bit(J_WRITERS_BLOCKED, &journal->j_state)) ;
+}
+
+static void queue_log_writer(struct super_block *s) {
+    wait_queue_t wait;
+    struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (s);
+    set_bit(J_WRITERS_QUEUED, &journal->j_state);
+
+    /*
+     * we don't want to use wait_event here because
+     * we only want to wait once.
+     */
+    init_waitqueue_entry(&wait, current);
+    add_wait_queue(&journal->j_join_wait, &wait);
+    set_current_state(TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
+    if (test_bit(J_WRITERS_QUEUED, &journal->j_state))
+        schedule();
+    current->state = TASK_RUNNING;
+    remove_wait_queue(&journal->j_join_wait, &wait);
+}
+
+static void wake_queued_writers(struct super_block *s) {
+    struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (s);
+    if (test_and_clear_bit(J_WRITERS_QUEUED, &journal->j_state))
+        wake_up(&journal->j_join_wait);
+}
+
+static void let_transaction_grow(struct super_block *sb,
+                                 unsigned long trans_id)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (sb);
+    unsigned long bcount = journal->j_bcount;
+    while(1) {
+        set_current_state(TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
+        schedule_timeout(1);
+        journal->j_current_jl->j_state |= LIST_COMMIT_PENDING;
+        while ((atomic_read(&journal->j_wcount) > 0 ||
+                atomic_read(&journal->j_jlock)) &&
+               journal->j_trans_id == trans_id) {
+            queue_log_writer(sb);
+        }
+        if (journal->j_trans_id != trans_id)
+            break;
+        if (bcount == journal->j_bcount)
+            break;
+        bcount = journal->j_bcount;
+    }
+}
+
+/* join == true if you must join an existing transaction.
+** join == false if you can deal with waiting for others to finish
+**
+** this will block until the transaction is joinable.  send the number of blocks you
+** expect to use in nblocks.
+*/
+static int do_journal_begin_r(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, struct super_block * p_s_sb,unsigned long nblocks,int join) {
+  time_t now = get_seconds() ;
+  int old_trans_id  ;
+  struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(p_s_sb);
+  struct reiserfs_transaction_handle myth;
+  int sched_count = 0;
+  int retval;
+
+  reiserfs_check_lock_depth(p_s_sb, "journal_begin") ;
+
+  PROC_INFO_INC( p_s_sb, journal.journal_being );
+  /* set here for journal_join */
+  th->t_refcount = 1;
+  th->t_super = p_s_sb ;
+
+relock:
+  lock_journal(p_s_sb) ;
+  if (join != JBEGIN_ABORT && reiserfs_is_journal_aborted (journal)) {
+    unlock_journal (p_s_sb);
+    retval = journal->j_errno;
+    goto out_fail;
+  }
+  journal->j_bcount++;
+
+  if (test_bit(J_WRITERS_BLOCKED, &journal->j_state)) {
+    unlock_journal(p_s_sb) ;
+    reiserfs_wait_on_write_block(p_s_sb) ;
+    PROC_INFO_INC( p_s_sb, journal.journal_relock_writers );
+    goto relock ;
+  }
+  now = get_seconds();
+
+  /* if there is no room in the journal OR
+  ** if this transaction is too old, and we weren't called joinable, wait for it to finish before beginning 
+  ** we don't sleep if there aren't other writers
+  */
+
+  if ( (!join && journal->j_must_wait > 0) ||
+     ( !join && (journal->j_len_alloc + nblocks + 2) >= journal->j_max_batch) ||
+     (!join && atomic_read(&journal->j_wcount) > 0 && journal->j_trans_start_time > 0 &&
+      (now - journal->j_trans_start_time) > journal->j_max_trans_age) ||
+     (!join && atomic_read(&journal->j_jlock)) ||
+     (!join && journal->j_cnode_free < (journal->j_trans_max * 3))) {
+
+    old_trans_id = journal->j_trans_id;
+    unlock_journal(p_s_sb) ; /* allow others to finish this transaction */
+
+    if (!join && (journal->j_len_alloc + nblocks + 2) >=
+        journal->j_max_batch &&
+        ((journal->j_len + nblocks + 2) * 100) < (journal->j_len_alloc * 75))
+    {
+        if (atomic_read(&journal->j_wcount) > 10) {
+            sched_count++;
+            queue_log_writer(p_s_sb);
+            goto relock;
+        }
+    }
+    /* don't mess with joining the transaction if all we have to do is
+     * wait for someone else to do a commit
+     */
+    if (atomic_read(&journal->j_jlock)) {
+        while (journal->j_trans_id == old_trans_id &&
+               atomic_read(&journal->j_jlock)) {
+            queue_log_writer(p_s_sb);
+        }
+        goto relock;
+    }
+    retval = journal_join(&myth, p_s_sb, 1) ;
+    if (retval)
+        goto out_fail;
+
+    /* someone might have ended the transaction while we joined */
+    if (old_trans_id != journal->j_trans_id) {
+        retval = do_journal_end(&myth, p_s_sb, 1, 0) ;
+    } else {
+        retval = do_journal_end(&myth, p_s_sb, 1, COMMIT_NOW) ;
+    }
+
+    if (retval)
+        goto out_fail;
+
+    PROC_INFO_INC( p_s_sb, journal.journal_relock_wcount );
+    goto relock ;
+  }
+  /* we are the first writer, set trans_id */
+  if (journal->j_trans_start_time == 0) {
+    journal->j_trans_start_time = get_seconds();
+  }
+  atomic_inc(&(journal->j_wcount)) ;
+  journal->j_len_alloc += nblocks ;
+  th->t_blocks_logged = 0 ;
+  th->t_blocks_allocated = nblocks ;
+  th->t_trans_id = journal->j_trans_id ;
+  unlock_journal(p_s_sb) ;
+  INIT_LIST_HEAD (&th->t_list);
+  return 0 ;
+
+out_fail:
+  memset (th, 0, sizeof (*th));
+  /* Re-set th->t_super, so we can properly keep track of how many
+   * persistent transactions there are. We need to do this so if this
+   * call is part of a failed restart_transaction, we can free it later */
+  th->t_super = p_s_sb;
+  return retval;
+}
+
+struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *
+reiserfs_persistent_transaction(struct super_block *s, int nblocks) {
+    int ret ;
+    struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th ;
+
+    /* if we're nesting into an existing transaction.  It will be
+    ** persistent on its own
+    */
+    if (reiserfs_transaction_running(s)) {
+        th = current->journal_info ;
+        th->t_refcount++ ;
+        if (th->t_refcount < 2) {
+            BUG() ;
+        }
+        return th ;
+    }
+    th = reiserfs_kmalloc(sizeof(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle), GFP_NOFS, s) ;
+    if (!th)
+       return NULL;
+    ret = journal_begin(th, s, nblocks) ;
+    if (ret) {
+        reiserfs_kfree(th, sizeof(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle), s) ;
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    SB_JOURNAL(s)->j_persistent_trans++;
+    return th ;
+}
+
+int
+reiserfs_end_persistent_transaction(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th) {
+    struct super_block *s = th->t_super;
+    int ret = 0;
+    if (th->t_trans_id)
+        ret = journal_end(th, th->t_super, th->t_blocks_allocated);
+    else
+        ret = -EIO;
+    if (th->t_refcount == 0) {
+        SB_JOURNAL(s)->j_persistent_trans--;
+        reiserfs_kfree(th, sizeof(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle), s) ;
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static int journal_join(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, struct super_block *p_s_sb, unsigned long nblocks) {
+  struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *cur_th = current->journal_info;
+
+  /* this keeps do_journal_end from NULLing out the current->journal_info
+  ** pointer
+  */
+  th->t_handle_save = cur_th ;
+  if (cur_th && cur_th->t_refcount > 1) {
+      BUG() ;
+  }
+  return do_journal_begin_r(th, p_s_sb, nblocks, JBEGIN_JOIN) ;
+}
+
+int journal_join_abort(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, struct super_block *p_s_sb, unsigned long nblocks) {
+  struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *cur_th = current->journal_info;
+
+  /* this keeps do_journal_end from NULLing out the current->journal_info
+  ** pointer
+  */
+  th->t_handle_save = cur_th ;
+  if (cur_th && cur_th->t_refcount > 1) {
+      BUG() ;
+  }
+  return do_journal_begin_r(th, p_s_sb, nblocks, JBEGIN_ABORT) ;
+}
+
+int journal_begin(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, struct super_block  * p_s_sb, unsigned long nblocks) {
+    struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *cur_th = current->journal_info ;
+    int ret ;
+
+    th->t_handle_save = NULL ;
+    if (cur_th) {
+        /* we are nesting into the current transaction */
+        if (cur_th->t_super == p_s_sb) {
+              BUG_ON (!cur_th->t_refcount);
+              cur_th->t_refcount++ ;
+              memcpy(th, cur_th, sizeof(*th));
+              if (th->t_refcount <= 1)
+                      reiserfs_warning (p_s_sb, "BAD: refcount <= 1, but journal_info != 0");
+              return 0;
+        } else {
+            /* we've ended up with a handle from a different filesystem.
+            ** save it and restore on journal_end.  This should never
+            ** really happen...
+            */
+            reiserfs_warning(p_s_sb, "clm-2100: nesting info a different FS") ;
+            th->t_handle_save = current->journal_info ;
+            current->journal_info = th;
+        }
+    } else {
+        current->journal_info = th;
+    }
+    ret = do_journal_begin_r(th, p_s_sb, nblocks, JBEGIN_REG) ;
+    if (current->journal_info != th)
+        BUG() ;
+
+    /* I guess this boils down to being the reciprocal of clm-2100 above.
+     * If do_journal_begin_r fails, we need to put it back, since journal_end
+     * won't be called to do it. */
+    if (ret)
+        current->journal_info = th->t_handle_save;
+    else
+        BUG_ON (!th->t_refcount);
+
+    return ret ;
+}
+
+/*
+** puts bh into the current transaction.  If it was already there, reorders removes the
+** old pointers from the hash, and puts new ones in (to make sure replay happen in the right order).
+**
+** if it was dirty, cleans and files onto the clean list.  I can't let it be dirty again until the
+** transaction is committed.
+** 
+** if j_len, is bigger than j_len_alloc, it pushes j_len_alloc to 10 + j_len.
+*/
+int journal_mark_dirty(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, struct super_block *p_s_sb, struct buffer_head *bh) {
+  struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (p_s_sb);
+  struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cn = NULL;
+  int count_already_incd = 0 ;
+  int prepared = 0 ;
+  BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+
+  PROC_INFO_INC( p_s_sb, journal.mark_dirty );
+  if (th->t_trans_id != journal->j_trans_id) {
+    reiserfs_panic(th->t_super, "journal-1577: handle trans id %ld != current trans id %ld\n", 
+                   th->t_trans_id, journal->j_trans_id);
+  }
+
+  p_s_sb->s_dirt = 1;
+
+  prepared = test_clear_buffer_journal_prepared (bh);
+  clear_buffer_journal_restore_dirty (bh);
+  /* already in this transaction, we are done */
+  if (buffer_journaled(bh)) {
+    PROC_INFO_INC( p_s_sb, journal.mark_dirty_already );
+    return 0 ;
+  }
+
+  /* this must be turned into a panic instead of a warning.  We can't allow
+  ** a dirty or journal_dirty or locked buffer to be logged, as some changes
+  ** could get to disk too early.  NOT GOOD.
+  */
+  if (!prepared || buffer_dirty(bh)) {
+    reiserfs_warning (p_s_sb, "journal-1777: buffer %llu bad state "
+                      "%cPREPARED %cLOCKED %cDIRTY %cJDIRTY_WAIT",
+                      (unsigned long long)bh->b_blocknr, prepared ? ' ' : '!',
+                            buffer_locked(bh) ? ' ' : '!',
+                            buffer_dirty(bh) ? ' ' : '!',
+                            buffer_journal_dirty(bh) ? ' ' : '!') ;
+  }
+
+  if (atomic_read(&(journal->j_wcount)) <= 0) {
+    reiserfs_warning (p_s_sb, "journal-1409: journal_mark_dirty returning because j_wcount was %d", atomic_read(&(journal->j_wcount))) ;
+    return 1 ;
+  }
+  /* this error means I've screwed up, and we've overflowed the transaction.  
+  ** Nothing can be done here, except make the FS readonly or panic.
+  */ 
+  if (journal->j_len >= journal->j_trans_max) {
+    reiserfs_panic(th->t_super, "journal-1413: journal_mark_dirty: j_len (%lu) is too big\n", journal->j_len) ;
+  }
+
+  if (buffer_journal_dirty(bh)) {
+    count_already_incd = 1 ;
+    PROC_INFO_INC( p_s_sb, journal.mark_dirty_notjournal );
+    clear_buffer_journal_dirty (bh);
+  }
+
+  if (journal->j_len > journal->j_len_alloc) {
+    journal->j_len_alloc = journal->j_len + JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT ;
+  }
+
+  set_buffer_journaled (bh);
+
+  /* now put this guy on the end */
+  if (!cn) {
+    cn = get_cnode(p_s_sb) ;
+    if (!cn) {
+      reiserfs_panic(p_s_sb, "get_cnode failed!\n"); 
+    }
+
+    if (th->t_blocks_logged == th->t_blocks_allocated) {
+      th->t_blocks_allocated += JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT ;
+      journal->j_len_alloc += JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT ;
+    }
+    th->t_blocks_logged++ ;
+    journal->j_len++ ;
+
+    cn->bh = bh ;
+    cn->blocknr = bh->b_blocknr ;
+    cn->sb = p_s_sb;
+    cn->jlist = NULL ;
+    insert_journal_hash(journal->j_hash_table, cn) ;
+    if (!count_already_incd) {
+      get_bh(bh) ;
+    }
+  }
+  cn->next = NULL ;
+  cn->prev = journal->j_last ;
+  cn->bh = bh ;
+  if (journal->j_last) {
+    journal->j_last->next = cn ;
+    journal->j_last = cn ;
+  } else {
+    journal->j_first = cn ;
+    journal->j_last = cn ;
+  }
+  return 0 ;
+}
+
+int journal_end(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, struct super_block *p_s_sb, unsigned long nblocks) {
+  if (!current->journal_info && th->t_refcount > 1)
+    reiserfs_warning (p_s_sb, "REISER-NESTING: th NULL, refcount %d",
+                      th->t_refcount);
+
+  if (!th->t_trans_id) {
+    WARN_ON (1);
+    return -EIO;
+  }
+
+  th->t_refcount--;
+  if (th->t_refcount > 0) {
+    struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *cur_th = current->journal_info ;
+
+    /* we aren't allowed to close a nested transaction on a different
+    ** filesystem from the one in the task struct
+    */
+    if (cur_th->t_super != th->t_super)
+      BUG() ;
+
+    if (th != cur_th) {
+      memcpy(current->journal_info, th, sizeof(*th));
+      th->t_trans_id = 0;
+    }
+    return 0;
+  } else {
+    return do_journal_end(th, p_s_sb, nblocks, 0) ;
+  }
+}
+
+/* removes from the current transaction, relsing and descrementing any counters.  
+** also files the removed buffer directly onto the clean list
+**
+** called by journal_mark_freed when a block has been deleted
+**
+** returns 1 if it cleaned and relsed the buffer. 0 otherwise
+*/
+static int remove_from_transaction(struct super_block *p_s_sb, b_blocknr_t blocknr, int already_cleaned) {
+  struct buffer_head *bh ;
+  struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cn ;
+  struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (p_s_sb);
+  int ret = 0;
+
+  cn = get_journal_hash_dev(p_s_sb, journal->j_hash_table, blocknr) ;
+  if (!cn || !cn->bh) {
+    return ret ;
+  }
+  bh = cn->bh ;
+  if (cn->prev) {
+    cn->prev->next = cn->next ;
+  }
+  if (cn->next) {
+    cn->next->prev = cn->prev ;
+  }
+  if (cn == journal->j_first) {
+    journal->j_first = cn->next ;
+  }
+  if (cn == journal->j_last) {
+    journal->j_last = cn->prev ;
+  }
+  if (bh)
+        remove_journal_hash(p_s_sb, journal->j_hash_table, NULL, bh->b_blocknr, 0) ;
+  clear_buffer_journaled  (bh); /* don't log this one */
+
+  if (!already_cleaned) {
+    clear_buffer_journal_dirty (bh);
+    clear_buffer_dirty(bh);
+    clear_buffer_journal_test (bh);
+    put_bh(bh) ;
+    if (atomic_read(&(bh->b_count)) < 0) {
+      reiserfs_warning (p_s_sb, "journal-1752: remove from trans, b_count < 0");
+    }
+    ret = 1 ;
+  }
+  journal->j_len-- ;
+  journal->j_len_alloc-- ;
+  free_cnode(p_s_sb, cn) ;
+  return ret ;
+}
+
+/*
+** for any cnode in a journal list, it can only be dirtied of all the
+** transactions that include it are commited to disk.
+** this checks through each transaction, and returns 1 if you are allowed to dirty,
+** and 0 if you aren't
+**
+** it is called by dirty_journal_list, which is called after flush_commit_list has gotten all the log
+** blocks for a given transaction on disk
+**
+*/
+static int can_dirty(struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cn) {
+  struct super_block *sb = cn->sb;
+  b_blocknr_t blocknr = cn->blocknr  ;
+  struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cur = cn->hprev ;
+  int can_dirty = 1 ;
+  
+  /* first test hprev.  These are all newer than cn, so any node here
+  ** with the same block number and dev means this node can't be sent
+  ** to disk right now.
+  */
+  while(cur && can_dirty) {
+    if (cur->jlist && cur->bh && cur->blocknr && cur->sb == sb && 
+        cur->blocknr == blocknr) {
+      can_dirty = 0 ;
+    }
+    cur = cur->hprev ;
+  }
+  /* then test hnext.  These are all older than cn.  As long as they
+  ** are committed to the log, it is safe to write cn to disk
+  */
+  cur = cn->hnext ;
+  while(cur && can_dirty) {
+    if (cur->jlist && cur->jlist->j_len > 0 && 
+        atomic_read(&(cur->jlist->j_commit_left)) > 0 && cur->bh && 
+        cur->blocknr && cur->sb == sb && cur->blocknr == blocknr) {
+      can_dirty = 0 ;
+    }
+    cur = cur->hnext ;
+  }
+  return can_dirty ;
+}
+
+/* syncs the commit blocks, but does not force the real buffers to disk
+** will wait until the current transaction is done/commited before returning 
+*/
+int journal_end_sync(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, struct super_block *p_s_sb, unsigned long nblocks) {
+  struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (p_s_sb);
+
+  BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+  /* you can sync while nested, very, very bad */
+  if (th->t_refcount > 1) {
+    BUG() ;
+  }
+  if (journal->j_len == 0) {
+    reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(p_s_sb, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(p_s_sb), 1) ;
+    journal_mark_dirty(th, p_s_sb, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(p_s_sb)) ;
+  }
+  return do_journal_end(th, p_s_sb, nblocks, COMMIT_NOW | WAIT) ;
+}
+
+/*
+** writeback the pending async commits to disk
+*/
+static void flush_async_commits(void *p) {
+  struct super_block *p_s_sb = p;
+  struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (p_s_sb);
+  struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl;
+  struct list_head *entry;
+
+  lock_kernel();
+  if (!list_empty(&journal->j_journal_list)) {
+      /* last entry is the youngest, commit it and you get everything */
+      entry = journal->j_journal_list.prev;
+      jl = JOURNAL_LIST_ENTRY(entry);
+      flush_commit_list(p_s_sb, jl, 1);
+  }
+  unlock_kernel();
+  /*
+   * this is a little racey, but there's no harm in missing
+   * the filemap_fdata_write
+   */
+  if (!atomic_read(&journal->j_async_throttle) && !reiserfs_is_journal_aborted (journal)) {
+      atomic_inc(&journal->j_async_throttle);
+      filemap_fdatawrite(p_s_sb->s_bdev->bd_inode->i_mapping);
+      atomic_dec(&journal->j_async_throttle);
+  }
+}
+
+/*
+** flushes any old transactions to disk
+** ends the current transaction if it is too old
+*/
+int reiserfs_flush_old_commits(struct super_block *p_s_sb) {
+    time_t now ;
+    struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th ;
+    struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (p_s_sb);
+
+    now = get_seconds();
+    /* safety check so we don't flush while we are replaying the log during
+     * mount
+     */
+    if (list_empty(&journal->j_journal_list)) {
+        return 0  ;
+    }
+
+    /* check the current transaction.  If there are no writers, and it is
+     * too old, finish it, and force the commit blocks to disk
+     */
+    if (atomic_read(&journal->j_wcount) <= 0 &&
+        journal->j_trans_start_time > 0 &&
+        journal->j_len > 0 &&
+        (now - journal->j_trans_start_time) > journal->j_max_trans_age)
+    {
+        if (!journal_join(&th, p_s_sb, 1)) {
+            reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(p_s_sb, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(p_s_sb), 1) ;
+            journal_mark_dirty(&th, p_s_sb, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(p_s_sb)) ;
+
+            /* we're only being called from kreiserfsd, it makes no sense to do
+            ** an async commit so that kreiserfsd can do it later
+            */
+            do_journal_end(&th, p_s_sb,1, COMMIT_NOW | WAIT) ;
+        }
+    }
+    return p_s_sb->s_dirt;
+}
+
+/*
+** returns 0 if do_journal_end should return right away, returns 1 if do_journal_end should finish the commit
+** 
+** if the current transaction is too old, but still has writers, this will wait on j_join_wait until all 
+** the writers are done.  By the time it wakes up, the transaction it was called has already ended, so it just
+** flushes the commit list and returns 0.
+**
+** Won't batch when flush or commit_now is set.  Also won't batch when others are waiting on j_join_wait.
+** 
+** Note, we can't allow the journal_end to proceed while there are still writers in the log.
+*/
+static int check_journal_end(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, struct super_block  * p_s_sb, 
+                             unsigned long nblocks, int flags) {
+
+  time_t now ;
+  int flush = flags & FLUSH_ALL ;
+  int commit_now = flags & COMMIT_NOW ;
+  int wait_on_commit = flags & WAIT ;
+  struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl;
+  struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (p_s_sb);
+
+  BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+
+  if (th->t_trans_id != journal->j_trans_id) {
+    reiserfs_panic(th->t_super, "journal-1577: handle trans id %ld != current trans id %ld\n", 
+                   th->t_trans_id, journal->j_trans_id);
+  }
+
+  journal->j_len_alloc -= (th->t_blocks_allocated - th->t_blocks_logged) ;
+  if (atomic_read(&(journal->j_wcount)) > 0) { /* <= 0 is allowed.  unmounting might not call begin */
+    atomic_dec(&(journal->j_wcount)) ;
+  }
+
+  /* BUG, deal with case where j_len is 0, but people previously freed blocks need to be released 
+  ** will be dealt with by next transaction that actually writes something, but should be taken
+  ** care of in this trans
+  */
+  if (journal->j_len == 0) {
+    BUG();
+  }
+  /* if wcount > 0, and we are called to with flush or commit_now,
+  ** we wait on j_join_wait.  We will wake up when the last writer has
+  ** finished the transaction, and started it on its way to the disk.
+  ** Then, we flush the commit or journal list, and just return 0 
+  ** because the rest of journal end was already done for this transaction.
+  */
+  if (atomic_read(&(journal->j_wcount)) > 0) {
+    if (flush || commit_now) {
+      unsigned trans_id ;
+
+      jl = journal->j_current_jl;
+      trans_id = jl->j_trans_id;
+      if (wait_on_commit)
+        jl->j_state |= LIST_COMMIT_PENDING;
+      atomic_set(&(journal->j_jlock), 1) ;
+      if (flush) {
+        journal->j_next_full_flush = 1 ;
+      }
+      unlock_journal(p_s_sb) ;
+
+      /* sleep while the current transaction is still j_jlocked */
+      while(journal->j_trans_id == trans_id) {
+        if (atomic_read(&journal->j_jlock)) {
+            queue_log_writer(p_s_sb);
+        } else {
+            lock_journal(p_s_sb);
+            if (journal->j_trans_id == trans_id) {
+                atomic_set(&(journal->j_jlock), 1) ;
+            }
+            unlock_journal(p_s_sb);
+        }
+      }
+      if (journal->j_trans_id == trans_id) {
+          BUG();
+      }
+      if (commit_now && journal_list_still_alive(p_s_sb, trans_id) &&
+          wait_on_commit)
+      {
+          flush_commit_list(p_s_sb, jl, 1) ;
+      }
+      return 0 ;
+    } 
+    unlock_journal(p_s_sb) ;
+    return 0 ;
+  }
+
+  /* deal with old transactions where we are the last writers */
+  now = get_seconds();
+  if ((now - journal->j_trans_start_time) > journal->j_max_trans_age) {
+    commit_now = 1 ;
+    journal->j_next_async_flush = 1 ;
+  }
+  /* don't batch when someone is waiting on j_join_wait */
+  /* don't batch when syncing the commit or flushing the whole trans */
+  if (!(journal->j_must_wait > 0) && !(atomic_read(&(journal->j_jlock))) && !flush && !commit_now &&
+      (journal->j_len < journal->j_max_batch)  &&
+      journal->j_len_alloc < journal->j_max_batch && journal->j_cnode_free > (journal->j_trans_max * 3)) {
+    journal->j_bcount++ ;
+    unlock_journal(p_s_sb) ;
+    return 0 ;
+  }
+
+  if (journal->j_start > SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(p_s_sb)) {
+    reiserfs_panic(p_s_sb, "journal-003: journal_end: j_start (%ld) is too high\n", journal->j_start) ;
+  }
+  return 1 ;
+}
+
+/*
+** Does all the work that makes deleting blocks safe.
+** when deleting a block mark BH_JNew, just remove it from the current transaction, clean it's buffer_head and move on.
+** 
+** otherwise:
+** set a bit for the block in the journal bitmap.  That will prevent it from being allocated for unformatted nodes
+** before this transaction has finished.
+**
+** mark any cnodes for this block as BLOCK_FREED, and clear their bh pointers.  That will prevent any old transactions with
+** this block from trying to flush to the real location.  Since we aren't removing the cnode from the journal_list_hash,
+** the block can't be reallocated yet.
+**
+** Then remove it from the current transaction, decrementing any counters and filing it on the clean list.
+*/
+int journal_mark_freed(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, struct super_block *p_s_sb, b_blocknr_t blocknr) {
+  struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (p_s_sb);
+  struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cn = NULL ;
+  struct buffer_head *bh = NULL ;
+  struct reiserfs_list_bitmap *jb = NULL ;
+  int cleaned = 0 ;
+  BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+
+  cn = get_journal_hash_dev(p_s_sb, journal->j_hash_table, blocknr);
+  if (cn && cn->bh) {
+      bh = cn->bh ;
+      get_bh(bh) ;
+  }
+  /* if it is journal new, we just remove it from this transaction */
+  if (bh && buffer_journal_new(bh)) {
+    clear_buffer_journal_new (bh);
+    clear_prepared_bits(bh) ;
+    reiserfs_clean_and_file_buffer(bh) ;
+    cleaned = remove_from_transaction(p_s_sb, blocknr, cleaned) ;
+  } else {
+    /* set the bit for this block in the journal bitmap for this transaction */
+    jb = journal->j_current_jl->j_list_bitmap;
+    if (!jb) {
+      reiserfs_panic(p_s_sb, "journal-1702: journal_mark_freed, journal_list_bitmap is NULL\n") ;
+    }
+    set_bit_in_list_bitmap(p_s_sb, blocknr, jb) ;
+
+    /* Note, the entire while loop is not allowed to schedule.  */
+
+    if (bh) {
+      clear_prepared_bits(bh) ;
+      reiserfs_clean_and_file_buffer(bh) ;
+    }
+    cleaned = remove_from_transaction(p_s_sb, blocknr, cleaned) ;
+
+    /* find all older transactions with this block, make sure they don't try to write it out */
+    cn = get_journal_hash_dev(p_s_sb,journal->j_list_hash_table,  blocknr) ;
+    while (cn) {
+      if (p_s_sb == cn->sb && blocknr == cn->blocknr) {
+        set_bit(BLOCK_FREED, &cn->state) ;
+        if (cn->bh) {
+          if (!cleaned) {
+            /* remove_from_transaction will brelse the buffer if it was 
+            ** in the current trans
+            */
+            clear_buffer_journal_dirty (cn->bh);
+            clear_buffer_dirty(cn->bh);
+            clear_buffer_journal_test(cn->bh);
+            cleaned = 1 ;
+            put_bh(cn->bh) ;
+            if (atomic_read(&(cn->bh->b_count)) < 0) {
+              reiserfs_warning (p_s_sb, "journal-2138: cn->bh->b_count < 0");
+            }
+          }
+          if (cn->jlist) { /* since we are clearing the bh, we MUST dec nonzerolen */
+            atomic_dec(&(cn->jlist->j_nonzerolen)) ;
+          }
+          cn->bh = NULL ; 
+        } 
+      }
+      cn = cn->hnext ;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (bh) {
+    put_bh(bh) ; /* get_hash grabs the buffer */
+    if (atomic_read(&(bh->b_count)) < 0) {
+      reiserfs_warning (p_s_sb, "journal-2165: bh->b_count < 0");
+    }
+  }
+  return 0 ;
+}
+
+void reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(struct inode *inode) {
+  struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (inode->i_sb);
+  REISERFS_I(inode)->i_jl = journal->j_current_jl;
+  REISERFS_I(inode)->i_trans_id = journal->j_trans_id ;
+}
+
+/*
+ * returns -1 on error, 0 if no commits/barriers were done and 1
+ * if a transaction was actually committed and the barrier was done
+ */
+static int __commit_trans_jl(struct inode *inode, unsigned long id,
+                                 struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th ;
+    struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb ;
+    struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (sb);
+    int ret = 0;
+
+    /* is it from the current transaction, or from an unknown transaction? */
+    if (id == journal->j_trans_id) {
+        jl = journal->j_current_jl;
+        /* try to let other writers come in and grow this transaction */
+        let_transaction_grow(sb, id);
+        if (journal->j_trans_id != id) {
+            goto flush_commit_only;
+        }
+
+        ret = journal_begin(&th, sb, 1) ;
+        if (ret)
+            return ret;
+
+        /* someone might have ended this transaction while we joined */
+        if (journal->j_trans_id != id) {
+            reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(sb, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(sb), 1) ;
+            journal_mark_dirty(&th, sb, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(sb)) ;
+            ret = journal_end(&th, sb, 1) ;
+            goto flush_commit_only;
+        }
+
+        ret = journal_end_sync(&th, sb, 1) ;
+        if (!ret)
+            ret = 1;
+
+    } else {
+        /* this gets tricky, we have to make sure the journal list in
+         * the inode still exists.  We know the list is still around
+         * if we've got a larger transaction id than the oldest list
+         */
+flush_commit_only:
+        if (journal_list_still_alive(inode->i_sb, id)) {
+            /*
+             * we only set ret to 1 when we know for sure
+             * the barrier hasn't been started yet on the commit
+             * block.
+             */
+            if (atomic_read(&jl->j_commit_left) > 1)
+                ret = 1;
+            flush_commit_list(sb, jl, 1) ;
+            if (journal->j_errno)
+                ret = journal->j_errno;
+        }
+    }
+    /* otherwise the list is gone, and long since committed */
+    return ret;
+}
+
+int reiserfs_commit_for_inode(struct inode *inode) {
+    unsigned long id = REISERFS_I(inode)->i_trans_id;
+    struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl = REISERFS_I(inode)->i_jl;
+
+    /* for the whole inode, assume unset id means it was
+     * changed in the current transaction.  More conservative
+     */
+    if (!id || !jl) {
+        reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode) ;
+        id = REISERFS_I(inode)->i_trans_id;
+        /* jl will be updated in __commit_trans_jl */
+    }
+
+   return __commit_trans_jl(inode, id, jl);
+}
+
+void reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(struct super_block *p_s_sb, 
+                                      struct buffer_head *bh) {
+    struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (p_s_sb);
+    PROC_INFO_INC( p_s_sb, journal.restore_prepared );
+    if (!bh) {
+        return ;
+    }
+    if (test_clear_buffer_journal_restore_dirty (bh) &&
+        buffer_journal_dirty(bh)) {
+        struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cn;
+        cn = get_journal_hash_dev(p_s_sb,
+                                  journal->j_list_hash_table,
+                                  bh->b_blocknr);
+        if (cn && can_dirty(cn)) {
+            set_buffer_journal_test (bh);
+            mark_buffer_dirty(bh);
+        }
+    }
+    clear_buffer_journal_prepared (bh);
+}
+
+extern struct tree_balance *cur_tb ;
+/*
+** before we can change a metadata block, we have to make sure it won't
+** be written to disk while we are altering it.  So, we must:
+** clean it
+** wait on it.
+** 
+*/
+int reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(struct super_block *p_s_sb,
+                                  struct buffer_head *bh, int wait) {
+  PROC_INFO_INC( p_s_sb, journal.prepare );
+
+    if (test_set_buffer_locked(bh)) {
+        if (!wait)
+            return 0;
+        lock_buffer(bh);
+    }
+    set_buffer_journal_prepared (bh);
+    if (test_clear_buffer_dirty(bh) && buffer_journal_dirty(bh))  {
+        clear_buffer_journal_test (bh);
+        set_buffer_journal_restore_dirty (bh);
+    }
+    unlock_buffer(bh);
+    return 1;
+}
+
+static void flush_old_journal_lists(struct super_block *s) {
+    struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (s);
+    struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl;
+    struct list_head *entry;
+    time_t now = get_seconds();
+
+    while(!list_empty(&journal->j_journal_list)) {
+        entry = journal->j_journal_list.next;
+        jl = JOURNAL_LIST_ENTRY(entry);
+        /* this check should always be run, to send old lists to disk */
+        if (jl->j_timestamp < (now - (JOURNAL_MAX_TRANS_AGE * 4))) {
+            flush_used_journal_lists(s, jl);
+        } else {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/* 
+** long and ugly.  If flush, will not return until all commit
+** blocks and all real buffers in the trans are on disk.
+** If no_async, won't return until all commit blocks are on disk.
+**
+** keep reading, there are comments as you go along
+**
+** If the journal is aborted, we just clean up. Things like flushing
+** journal lists, etc just won't happen.
+*/
+static int do_journal_end(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, struct super_block  * p_s_sb, unsigned long nblocks, 
+                          int flags) {
+  struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (p_s_sb);
+  struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cn, *next, *jl_cn; 
+  struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *last_cn = NULL;
+  struct reiserfs_journal_desc *desc ; 
+  struct reiserfs_journal_commit *commit ; 
+  struct buffer_head *c_bh ; /* commit bh */
+  struct buffer_head *d_bh ; /* desc bh */
+  int cur_write_start = 0 ; /* start index of current log write */
+  int old_start ;
+  int i ;
+  int flush = flags & FLUSH_ALL ;
+  int wait_on_commit = flags & WAIT ;
+  struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl, *temp_jl;
+  struct list_head *entry, *safe;
+  unsigned long jindex;
+  unsigned long commit_trans_id;
+  int trans_half;
+
+  BUG_ON (th->t_refcount > 1);
+  BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+
+  current->journal_info = th->t_handle_save;
+  reiserfs_check_lock_depth(p_s_sb, "journal end");
+  if (journal->j_len == 0) {
+      reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(p_s_sb, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(p_s_sb), 1) ;
+      journal_mark_dirty(th, p_s_sb, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(p_s_sb)) ;
+  }
+
+  lock_journal(p_s_sb) ;
+  if (journal->j_next_full_flush) {
+    flags |= FLUSH_ALL ;
+    flush = 1 ;
+  }
+  if (journal->j_next_async_flush) {
+    flags |= COMMIT_NOW | WAIT;
+    wait_on_commit = 1;
+  }
+
+  /* check_journal_end locks the journal, and unlocks if it does not return 1 
+  ** it tells us if we should continue with the journal_end, or just return
+  */
+  if (!check_journal_end(th, p_s_sb, nblocks, flags)) {
+    p_s_sb->s_dirt = 1;
+    wake_queued_writers(p_s_sb);
+    reiserfs_async_progress_wait(p_s_sb);
+    goto out ;
+  }
+
+  /* check_journal_end might set these, check again */
+  if (journal->j_next_full_flush) {
+    flush = 1 ;
+  }
+
+  /*
+  ** j must wait means we have to flush the log blocks, and the real blocks for
+  ** this transaction
+  */
+  if (journal->j_must_wait > 0) {
+    flush = 1 ;
+  }
+
+#ifdef REISERFS_PREALLOCATE
+  /* quota ops might need to nest, setup the journal_info pointer for them */
+  current->journal_info = th ;
+  reiserfs_discard_all_prealloc(th); /* it should not involve new blocks into
+                                      * the transaction */
+  current->journal_info = th->t_handle_save ;
+#endif
+  
+  /* setup description block */
+  d_bh = journal_getblk(p_s_sb, SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(p_s_sb) + journal->j_start) ;
+  set_buffer_uptodate(d_bh);
+  desc = (struct reiserfs_journal_desc *)(d_bh)->b_data ;
+  memset(d_bh->b_data, 0, d_bh->b_size) ;
+  memcpy(get_journal_desc_magic (d_bh), JOURNAL_DESC_MAGIC, 8) ;
+  set_desc_trans_id(desc, journal->j_trans_id) ;
+
+  /* setup commit block.  Don't write (keep it clean too) this one until after everyone else is written */
+  c_bh =  journal_getblk(p_s_sb, SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(p_s_sb) + 
+                 ((journal->j_start + journal->j_len + 1) % SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(p_s_sb))) ;
+  commit = (struct reiserfs_journal_commit *)c_bh->b_data ;
+  memset(c_bh->b_data, 0, c_bh->b_size) ;
+  set_commit_trans_id(commit, journal->j_trans_id) ;
+  set_buffer_uptodate(c_bh) ;
+
+  /* init this journal list */
+  jl = journal->j_current_jl;
+
+  /* we lock the commit before doing anything because
+   * we want to make sure nobody tries to run flush_commit_list until
+   * the new transaction is fully setup, and we've already flushed the
+   * ordered bh list
+   */
+  down(&jl->j_commit_lock);
+
+  /* save the transaction id in case we need to commit it later */
+  commit_trans_id = jl->j_trans_id;
+
+  atomic_set(&jl->j_older_commits_done, 0) ;
+  jl->j_trans_id = journal->j_trans_id ;
+  jl->j_timestamp = journal->j_trans_start_time ;
+  jl->j_commit_bh = c_bh ;
+  jl->j_start = journal->j_start ;
+  jl->j_len = journal->j_len ;
+  atomic_set(&jl->j_nonzerolen, journal->j_len) ;
+  atomic_set(&jl->j_commit_left, journal->j_len + 2);
+  jl->j_realblock = NULL ;
+
+  /* The ENTIRE FOR LOOP MUST not cause schedule to occur.
+  **  for each real block, add it to the journal list hash,
+  ** copy into real block index array in the commit or desc block
+  */
+  trans_half = journal_trans_half(p_s_sb->s_blocksize);
+  for (i = 0, cn = journal->j_first ; cn ; cn = cn->next, i++) {
+    if (buffer_journaled (cn->bh)) {
+      jl_cn = get_cnode(p_s_sb) ;
+      if (!jl_cn) {
+        reiserfs_panic(p_s_sb, "journal-1676, get_cnode returned NULL\n") ;
+      }
+      if (i == 0) {
+        jl->j_realblock = jl_cn ;
+      }
+      jl_cn->prev = last_cn ;
+      jl_cn->next = NULL ;
+      if (last_cn) {
+        last_cn->next = jl_cn ;
+      }
+      last_cn = jl_cn ;
+      /* make sure the block we are trying to log is not a block 
+         of journal or reserved area */
+
+      if (is_block_in_log_or_reserved_area(p_s_sb, cn->bh->b_blocknr)) {
+        reiserfs_panic(p_s_sb, "journal-2332: Trying to log block %lu, which is a log block\n", cn->bh->b_blocknr) ;
+      }
+      jl_cn->blocknr = cn->bh->b_blocknr ; 
+      jl_cn->state = 0 ;
+      jl_cn->sb = p_s_sb;
+      jl_cn->bh = cn->bh ;
+      jl_cn->jlist = jl;
+      insert_journal_hash(journal->j_list_hash_table, jl_cn) ;
+      if (i < trans_half) {
+        desc->j_realblock[i] = cpu_to_le32(cn->bh->b_blocknr) ;
+      } else {
+        commit->j_realblock[i - trans_half] = cpu_to_le32(cn->bh->b_blocknr) ;
+      }
+    } else {
+      i-- ;
+    }
+  }
+  set_desc_trans_len(desc, journal->j_len) ;
+  set_desc_mount_id(desc, journal->j_mount_id) ;
+  set_desc_trans_id(desc, journal->j_trans_id) ;
+  set_commit_trans_len(commit, journal->j_len);
+
+  /* special check in case all buffers in the journal were marked for not logging */
+  if (journal->j_len == 0) {
+    BUG();
+  }
+
+  /* we're about to dirty all the log blocks, mark the description block
+   * dirty now too.  Don't mark the commit block dirty until all the
+   * others are on disk
+   */
+  mark_buffer_dirty(d_bh);
+
+  /* first data block is j_start + 1, so add one to cur_write_start wherever you use it */
+  cur_write_start = journal->j_start ;
+  cn = journal->j_first ;
+  jindex = 1 ; /* start at one so we don't get the desc again */
+  while(cn) {
+    clear_buffer_journal_new (cn->bh);
+    /* copy all the real blocks into log area.  dirty log blocks */
+    if (buffer_journaled (cn->bh)) {
+      struct buffer_head *tmp_bh ;
+      char *addr;
+      struct page *page;
+      tmp_bh =  journal_getblk(p_s_sb, SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(p_s_sb) + 
+                       ((cur_write_start + jindex) % SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(p_s_sb))) ;
+      set_buffer_uptodate(tmp_bh);
+      page = cn->bh->b_page;
+      addr = kmap(page);
+      memcpy(tmp_bh->b_data, addr + offset_in_page(cn->bh->b_data),
+             cn->bh->b_size);
+      kunmap(page);
+      mark_buffer_dirty(tmp_bh);
+      jindex++ ;
+      set_buffer_journal_dirty (cn->bh);
+      clear_buffer_journaled (cn->bh);
+    } else {
+      /* JDirty cleared sometime during transaction.  don't log this one */
+      reiserfs_warning(p_s_sb, "journal-2048: do_journal_end: BAD, buffer in journal hash, but not JDirty!") ;
+      brelse(cn->bh) ;
+    }
+    next = cn->next ;
+    free_cnode(p_s_sb, cn) ;
+    cn = next ;
+    cond_resched();
+  }
+
+  /* we are done  with both the c_bh and d_bh, but
+  ** c_bh must be written after all other commit blocks,
+  ** so we dirty/relse c_bh in flush_commit_list, with commit_left <= 1.
+  */
+
+  journal->j_current_jl = alloc_journal_list(p_s_sb);
+
+  /* now it is safe to insert this transaction on the main list */
+  list_add_tail(&jl->j_list, &journal->j_journal_list);
+  list_add_tail(&jl->j_working_list, &journal->j_working_list);
+  journal->j_num_work_lists++;
+
+  /* reset journal values for the next transaction */
+  old_start = journal->j_start ;
+  journal->j_start = (journal->j_start + journal->j_len + 2) % SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(p_s_sb);
+  atomic_set(&(journal->j_wcount), 0) ;
+  journal->j_bcount = 0 ;
+  journal->j_last = NULL ;
+  journal->j_first = NULL ;
+  journal->j_len = 0 ;
+  journal->j_trans_start_time = 0 ;
+  journal->j_trans_id++ ;
+  journal->j_current_jl->j_trans_id = journal->j_trans_id;
+  journal->j_must_wait = 0 ;
+  journal->j_len_alloc = 0 ;
+  journal->j_next_full_flush = 0 ;
+  journal->j_next_async_flush = 0 ;
+  init_journal_hash(p_s_sb) ; 
+
+  // make sure reiserfs_add_jh sees the new current_jl before we
+  // write out the tails
+  smp_mb();
+
+  /* tail conversion targets have to hit the disk before we end the
+   * transaction.  Otherwise a later transaction might repack the tail
+   * before this transaction commits, leaving the data block unflushed and
+   * clean, if we crash before the later transaction commits, the data block
+   * is lost.
+   */
+  if (!list_empty(&jl->j_tail_bh_list)) {
+      unlock_kernel();
+      write_ordered_buffers(&journal->j_dirty_buffers_lock,
+                            journal, jl, &jl->j_tail_bh_list);
+      lock_kernel();
+  }
+  if (!list_empty(&jl->j_tail_bh_list))
+      BUG();
+  up(&jl->j_commit_lock);
+
+  /* honor the flush wishes from the caller, simple commits can
+  ** be done outside the journal lock, they are done below
+  **
+  ** if we don't flush the commit list right now, we put it into
+  ** the work queue so the people waiting on the async progress work
+  ** queue don't wait for this proc to flush journal lists and such.
+  */
+  if (flush) {
+    flush_commit_list(p_s_sb, jl, 1) ;
+    flush_journal_list(p_s_sb, jl, 1) ;
+  } else if (!(jl->j_state & LIST_COMMIT_PENDING))
+    queue_delayed_work(commit_wq, &journal->j_work, HZ/10);
+
+
+  /* if the next transaction has any chance of wrapping, flush 
+  ** transactions that might get overwritten.  If any journal lists are very 
+  ** old flush them as well.  
+  */
+first_jl:
+  list_for_each_safe(entry, safe, &journal->j_journal_list) {
+    temp_jl = JOURNAL_LIST_ENTRY(entry);
+    if (journal->j_start <= temp_jl->j_start) {
+      if ((journal->j_start + journal->j_trans_max + 1) >=
+          temp_jl->j_start)
+      {
+        flush_used_journal_lists(p_s_sb, temp_jl);
+        goto first_jl;
+      } else if ((journal->j_start +
+                  journal->j_trans_max + 1) <
+                  SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(p_s_sb))
+      {
+          /* if we don't cross into the next transaction and we don't
+           * wrap, there is no way we can overlap any later transactions
+           * break now
+           */
+          break;
+      }
+    } else if ((journal->j_start +
+                journal->j_trans_max + 1) >
+                SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(p_s_sb))
+    {
+      if (((journal->j_start + journal->j_trans_max + 1) %
+            SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(p_s_sb)) >= temp_jl->j_start)
+      {
+        flush_used_journal_lists(p_s_sb, temp_jl);
+        goto first_jl;
+      } else {
+          /* we don't overlap anything from out start to the end of the
+           * log, and our wrapped portion doesn't overlap anything at
+           * the start of the log.  We can break
+           */
+          break;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  flush_old_journal_lists(p_s_sb);
+
+  journal->j_current_jl->j_list_bitmap = get_list_bitmap(p_s_sb, journal->j_current_jl) ;
+
+  if (!(journal->j_current_jl->j_list_bitmap)) {
+    reiserfs_panic(p_s_sb, "journal-1996: do_journal_end, could not get a list bitmap\n") ;
+  }
+
+  atomic_set(&(journal->j_jlock), 0) ;
+  unlock_journal(p_s_sb) ;
+  /* wake up any body waiting to join. */
+  clear_bit(J_WRITERS_QUEUED, &journal->j_state);
+  wake_up(&(journal->j_join_wait)) ;
+
+  if (!flush && wait_on_commit &&
+      journal_list_still_alive(p_s_sb, commit_trans_id)) {
+          flush_commit_list(p_s_sb, jl, 1) ;
+  }
+out:
+  reiserfs_check_lock_depth(p_s_sb, "journal end2");
+
+  memset (th, 0, sizeof (*th));
+  /* Re-set th->t_super, so we can properly keep track of how many
+   * persistent transactions there are. We need to do this so if this
+   * call is part of a failed restart_transaction, we can free it later */
+  th->t_super = p_s_sb;
+
+  return journal->j_errno;
+}
+
+static void
+__reiserfs_journal_abort_hard (struct super_block *sb)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (sb);
+    if (test_bit (J_ABORTED, &journal->j_state))
+        return;
+
+    printk (KERN_CRIT "REISERFS: Aborting journal for filesystem on %s\n",
+                      reiserfs_bdevname (sb));
+
+    sb->s_flags |= MS_RDONLY;
+    set_bit (J_ABORTED, &journal->j_state);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+    dump_stack();
+#endif
+}
+
+static void
+__reiserfs_journal_abort_soft (struct super_block *sb, int errno)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL (sb);
+    if (test_bit (J_ABORTED, &journal->j_state))
+        return;
+
+    if (!journal->j_errno)
+        journal->j_errno = errno;
+
+    __reiserfs_journal_abort_hard (sb);
+}
+
+void
+reiserfs_journal_abort (struct super_block *sb, int errno)
+{
+    return __reiserfs_journal_abort_soft (sb, errno);
+}
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/lbalance.c b/fs/reiserfs/lbalance.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..2406608fc5cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/lbalance.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1222 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, licensing governed by reiserfs/README
+ */
+
+#include <linux/config.h>
+#include <asm/uaccess.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_fs.h>
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+
+/* these are used in do_balance.c */
+
+/* leaf_move_items
+   leaf_shift_left
+   leaf_shift_right
+   leaf_delete_items
+   leaf_insert_into_buf
+   leaf_paste_in_buffer
+   leaf_cut_from_buffer
+   leaf_paste_entries
+   */
+
+
+/* copy copy_count entries from source directory item to dest buffer (creating new item if needed) */
+static void leaf_copy_dir_entries (struct buffer_info * dest_bi, struct buffer_head * source, 
+                                   int last_first, int item_num, int from, int copy_count)
+{
+    struct buffer_head * dest = dest_bi->bi_bh;
+    int item_num_in_dest;               /* either the number of target item,
+                                           or if we must create a new item,
+                                           the number of the item we will
+                                           create it next to */
+    struct item_head * ih;
+    struct reiserfs_de_head * deh;
+    int copy_records_len;                       /* length of all records in item to be copied */
+    char * records;
+
+    ih = B_N_PITEM_HEAD (source, item_num);
+
+    RFALSE( !is_direntry_le_ih (ih), "vs-10000: item must be directory item");
+
+    /* length of all record to be copied and first byte of the last of them */
+    deh = B_I_DEH (source, ih);
+    if (copy_count) {
+        copy_records_len = (from ? deh_location( &(deh[from - 1]) ) :
+            ih_item_len(ih)) - deh_location( &(deh[from + copy_count - 1]));
+        records = source->b_data + ih_location(ih) +
+                                deh_location( &(deh[from + copy_count - 1]));
+    } else {
+        copy_records_len = 0;
+        records = NULL;
+    }
+
+    /* when copy last to first, dest buffer can contain 0 items */
+    item_num_in_dest = (last_first == LAST_TO_FIRST) ? (( B_NR_ITEMS(dest) ) ? 0 : -1) : (B_NR_ITEMS(dest) - 1);
+
+    /* if there are no items in dest or the first/last item in dest is not item of the same directory */
+    if ( (item_num_in_dest == - 1) ||
+        (last_first == FIRST_TO_LAST && le_ih_k_offset (ih) == DOT_OFFSET) ||
+            (last_first == LAST_TO_FIRST && comp_short_le_keys/*COMP_SHORT_KEYS*/ (&ih->ih_key, B_N_PKEY (dest, item_num_in_dest)))) {
+        /* create new item in dest */
+        struct item_head new_ih;
+
+        /* form item header */
+        memcpy (&new_ih.ih_key, &ih->ih_key, KEY_SIZE);
+        put_ih_version( &new_ih, KEY_FORMAT_3_5 );
+        /* calculate item len */
+        put_ih_item_len( &new_ih, DEH_SIZE * copy_count + copy_records_len );
+        put_ih_entry_count( &new_ih, 0 );
+    
+        if (last_first == LAST_TO_FIRST) {
+            /* form key by the following way */
+            if (from < I_ENTRY_COUNT(ih)) {
+                set_le_ih_k_offset( &new_ih, deh_offset( &(deh[from]) ) );
+                /*memcpy (&new_ih.ih_key.k_offset, &deh[from].deh_offset, SHORT_KEY_SIZE);*/
+            } else {
+                /* no entries will be copied to this item in this function */
+                set_le_ih_k_offset (&new_ih, U32_MAX);
+                /* this item is not yet valid, but we want I_IS_DIRECTORY_ITEM to return 1 for it, so we -1 */
+            }
+            set_le_key_k_type (KEY_FORMAT_3_5, &(new_ih.ih_key), TYPE_DIRENTRY);
+        }
+    
+        /* insert item into dest buffer */
+        leaf_insert_into_buf (dest_bi, (last_first == LAST_TO_FIRST) ? 0 : B_NR_ITEMS(dest), &new_ih, NULL, 0);
+    } else {
+        /* prepare space for entries */
+        leaf_paste_in_buffer (dest_bi, (last_first==FIRST_TO_LAST) ? (B_NR_ITEMS(dest) - 1) : 0, MAX_US_INT,
+                              DEH_SIZE * copy_count + copy_records_len, records, 0
+            );
+    }
+  
+    item_num_in_dest = (last_first == FIRST_TO_LAST) ? (B_NR_ITEMS(dest)-1) : 0;
+    
+    leaf_paste_entries (dest_bi->bi_bh, item_num_in_dest,
+                        (last_first == FIRST_TO_LAST) ? I_ENTRY_COUNT(B_N_PITEM_HEAD (dest, item_num_in_dest)) : 0,
+                        copy_count, deh + from, records,
+                        DEH_SIZE * copy_count + copy_records_len
+        );
+}
+
+
+/* Copy the first (if last_first == FIRST_TO_LAST) or last (last_first == LAST_TO_FIRST) item or 
+   part of it or nothing (see the return 0 below) from SOURCE to the end 
+   (if last_first) or beginning (!last_first) of the DEST */
+/* returns 1 if anything was copied, else 0 */
+static int leaf_copy_boundary_item (struct buffer_info * dest_bi, struct buffer_head * src, int last_first,
+                                    int bytes_or_entries)
+{
+  struct buffer_head * dest = dest_bi->bi_bh;
+  int dest_nr_item, src_nr_item; /* number of items in the source and destination buffers */
+  struct item_head * ih;
+  struct item_head * dih;
+  
+  dest_nr_item = B_NR_ITEMS(dest);
+  
+  if ( last_first == FIRST_TO_LAST ) {
+    /* if ( DEST is empty or first item of SOURCE and last item of DEST are the items of different objects
+       or of different types ) then there is no need to treat this item differently from the other items
+       that we copy, so we return */
+    ih = B_N_PITEM_HEAD (src, 0);
+    dih = B_N_PITEM_HEAD (dest, dest_nr_item - 1);
+    if (!dest_nr_item || (!op_is_left_mergeable (&(ih->ih_key), src->b_size)))
+      /* there is nothing to merge */
+      return 0;
+      
+    RFALSE( ! ih_item_len(ih), "vs-10010: item can not have empty length");
+      
+    if ( is_direntry_le_ih (ih) ) {
+      if ( bytes_or_entries == -1 )
+        /* copy all entries to dest */
+        bytes_or_entries = ih_entry_count(ih);
+      leaf_copy_dir_entries (dest_bi, src, FIRST_TO_LAST, 0, 0, bytes_or_entries);
+      return 1;
+    }
+      
+    /* copy part of the body of the first item of SOURCE to the end of the body of the last item of the DEST
+       part defined by 'bytes_or_entries'; if bytes_or_entries == -1 copy whole body; don't create new item header
+       */
+    if ( bytes_or_entries == -1 )
+      bytes_or_entries = ih_item_len(ih);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+    else {
+      if (bytes_or_entries == ih_item_len(ih) && is_indirect_le_ih(ih))
+        if (get_ih_free_space (ih))
+          reiserfs_panic (NULL, "vs-10020: leaf_copy_boundary_item: "
+                          "last unformatted node must be filled entirely (%h)",
+                          ih);
+    }
+#endif
+      
+    /* merge first item (or its part) of src buffer with the last
+       item of dest buffer. Both are of the same file */
+    leaf_paste_in_buffer (dest_bi,
+                          dest_nr_item - 1, ih_item_len(dih), bytes_or_entries, B_I_PITEM(src,ih), 0
+                          );
+      
+    if (is_indirect_le_ih (dih)) {
+      RFALSE( get_ih_free_space (dih),
+              "vs-10030: merge to left: last unformatted node of non-last indirect item %h must have zerto free space",
+              ih);
+      if (bytes_or_entries == ih_item_len(ih))
+        set_ih_free_space (dih, get_ih_free_space (ih));
+    }
+    
+    return 1;
+  }
+  
+
+  /* copy boundary item to right (last_first == LAST_TO_FIRST) */
+
+  /* ( DEST is empty or last item of SOURCE and first item of DEST
+     are the items of different object or of different types )
+     */
+  src_nr_item = B_NR_ITEMS (src);
+  ih = B_N_PITEM_HEAD (src, src_nr_item - 1);
+  dih = B_N_PITEM_HEAD (dest, 0);
+
+  if (!dest_nr_item || !op_is_left_mergeable (&(dih->ih_key), src->b_size))
+    return 0;
+  
+  if ( is_direntry_le_ih (ih)) {
+    if ( bytes_or_entries == -1 )
+      /* bytes_or_entries = entries number in last item body of SOURCE */
+      bytes_or_entries = ih_entry_count(ih);
+    
+    leaf_copy_dir_entries (dest_bi, src, LAST_TO_FIRST, src_nr_item - 1, ih_entry_count(ih) - bytes_or_entries, bytes_or_entries);
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  /* copy part of the body of the last item of SOURCE to the begin of the body of the first item of the DEST;
+     part defined by 'bytes_or_entries'; if byte_or_entriess == -1 copy whole body; change first item key of the DEST;
+     don't create new item header
+     */
+  
+  RFALSE( is_indirect_le_ih(ih) && get_ih_free_space (ih),
+          "vs-10040: merge to right: last unformatted node of non-last indirect item must be filled entirely (%h)",
+                    ih);
+
+  if ( bytes_or_entries == -1 ) {
+    /* bytes_or_entries = length of last item body of SOURCE */
+    bytes_or_entries = ih_item_len(ih);
+
+    RFALSE( le_ih_k_offset (dih) !=
+            le_ih_k_offset (ih) + op_bytes_number (ih, src->b_size),
+            "vs-10050: items %h and %h do not match", ih, dih);
+
+    /* change first item key of the DEST */
+    set_le_ih_k_offset (dih, le_ih_k_offset (ih));
+
+    /* item becomes non-mergeable */
+    /* or mergeable if left item was */
+    set_le_ih_k_type (dih, le_ih_k_type (ih));
+  } else {
+    /* merge to right only part of item */
+    RFALSE( ih_item_len(ih) <= bytes_or_entries,
+            "vs-10060: no so much bytes %lu (needed %lu)",
+            ( unsigned long )ih_item_len(ih), ( unsigned long )bytes_or_entries);
+    
+    /* change first item key of the DEST */
+    if ( is_direct_le_ih (dih) ) {
+      RFALSE( le_ih_k_offset (dih) <= (unsigned long)bytes_or_entries,
+              "vs-10070: dih %h, bytes_or_entries(%d)", dih, bytes_or_entries);
+      set_le_ih_k_offset (dih, le_ih_k_offset (dih) - bytes_or_entries);
+    } else {
+      RFALSE( le_ih_k_offset (dih) <=
+              (bytes_or_entries / UNFM_P_SIZE) * dest->b_size,
+              "vs-10080: dih %h, bytes_or_entries(%d)",
+              dih, (bytes_or_entries/UNFM_P_SIZE)*dest->b_size);
+      set_le_ih_k_offset (dih, le_ih_k_offset (dih) - ((bytes_or_entries / UNFM_P_SIZE) * dest->b_size));
+    }
+  }
+  
+  leaf_paste_in_buffer (dest_bi, 0, 0, bytes_or_entries, B_I_PITEM(src,ih) + ih_item_len(ih) - bytes_or_entries, 0);
+  return 1;
+}
+
+
+/* copy cpy_mun items from buffer src to buffer dest
+ * last_first == FIRST_TO_LAST means, that we copy cpy_num  items beginning from first-th item in src to tail of dest
+ * last_first == LAST_TO_FIRST means, that we copy cpy_num  items beginning from first-th item in src to head of dest
+ */
+static void leaf_copy_items_entirely (struct buffer_info * dest_bi, struct buffer_head * src, int last_first,
+                                      int first, int cpy_num)
+{
+    struct buffer_head * dest;
+    int nr, free_space;
+    int dest_before;
+    int last_loc, last_inserted_loc, location;
+    int i, j;
+    struct block_head * blkh;
+    struct item_head * ih;
+
+    RFALSE( last_first != LAST_TO_FIRST  && last_first != FIRST_TO_LAST,
+            "vs-10090: bad last_first parameter %d", last_first);
+    RFALSE( B_NR_ITEMS (src) - first < cpy_num,
+            "vs-10100: too few items in source %d, required %d from %d",
+            B_NR_ITEMS(src), cpy_num, first);
+    RFALSE( cpy_num < 0, "vs-10110: can not copy negative amount of items");
+    RFALSE( ! dest_bi, "vs-10120: can not copy negative amount of items");
+
+    dest = dest_bi->bi_bh;
+
+    RFALSE( ! dest, "vs-10130: can not copy negative amount of items");
+
+    if (cpy_num == 0)
+        return;
+
+    blkh = B_BLK_HEAD(dest);
+    nr = blkh_nr_item( blkh );
+    free_space = blkh_free_space(blkh);
+  
+    /* we will insert items before 0-th or nr-th item in dest buffer. It depends of last_first parameter */
+    dest_before = (last_first == LAST_TO_FIRST) ? 0 : nr;
+
+    /* location of head of first new item */
+    ih = B_N_PITEM_HEAD (dest, dest_before);
+
+    RFALSE( blkh_free_space(blkh) < cpy_num * IH_SIZE,
+            "vs-10140: not enough free space for headers %d (needed %d)",
+            B_FREE_SPACE (dest), cpy_num * IH_SIZE);
+
+    /* prepare space for headers */
+    memmove (ih + cpy_num, ih, (nr-dest_before) * IH_SIZE);
+
+    /* copy item headers */
+    memcpy (ih, B_N_PITEM_HEAD (src, first), cpy_num * IH_SIZE);
+
+    free_space -= (IH_SIZE * cpy_num);
+    set_blkh_free_space( blkh, free_space );
+
+    /* location of unmovable item */
+    j = location = (dest_before == 0) ? dest->b_size : ih_location(ih-1);
+    for (i = dest_before; i < nr + cpy_num; i ++) {
+        location -= ih_item_len( ih + i - dest_before );
+        put_ih_location( ih + i - dest_before, location );
+    }
+
+    /* prepare space for items */
+    last_loc = ih_location( &(ih[nr+cpy_num-1-dest_before]) );
+    last_inserted_loc = ih_location( &(ih[cpy_num-1]) );
+
+    /* check free space */
+    RFALSE( free_space < j - last_inserted_loc,
+            "vs-10150: not enough free space for items %d (needed %d)",
+            free_space, j - last_inserted_loc);
+
+    memmove (dest->b_data + last_loc,
+             dest->b_data + last_loc + j - last_inserted_loc,
+             last_inserted_loc - last_loc);
+
+    /* copy items */
+    memcpy (dest->b_data + last_inserted_loc, B_N_PITEM(src,(first + cpy_num - 1)),
+            j - last_inserted_loc);
+
+    /* sizes, item number */
+    set_blkh_nr_item( blkh, nr + cpy_num );
+    set_blkh_free_space( blkh, free_space - (j - last_inserted_loc) );
+
+    do_balance_mark_leaf_dirty (dest_bi->tb, dest, 0);
+
+    if (dest_bi->bi_parent) {
+        struct disk_child *t_dc;
+        t_dc = B_N_CHILD (dest_bi->bi_parent, dest_bi->bi_position);
+        RFALSE( dc_block_number(t_dc) != dest->b_blocknr,
+                "vs-10160: block number in bh does not match to field in disk_child structure %lu and %lu",
+                ( long unsigned ) dest->b_blocknr, 
+                ( long unsigned ) dc_block_number(t_dc));
+        put_dc_size( t_dc, dc_size(t_dc) + (j - last_inserted_loc + IH_SIZE * cpy_num ) );
+    
+        do_balance_mark_internal_dirty (dest_bi->tb, dest_bi->bi_parent, 0);
+    }
+}
+
+
+/* This function splits the (liquid) item into two items (useful when
+   shifting part of an item into another node.) */
+static void leaf_item_bottle (struct buffer_info * dest_bi, struct buffer_head * src, int last_first,
+                              int item_num, int cpy_bytes)
+{
+    struct buffer_head * dest = dest_bi->bi_bh;
+    struct item_head * ih;
+  
+    RFALSE( cpy_bytes == -1, "vs-10170: bytes == - 1 means: do not split item");
+
+    if ( last_first == FIRST_TO_LAST ) {
+        /* if ( if item in position item_num in buffer SOURCE is directory item ) */
+        if (is_direntry_le_ih (ih = B_N_PITEM_HEAD(src,item_num)))
+            leaf_copy_dir_entries (dest_bi, src, FIRST_TO_LAST, item_num, 0, cpy_bytes);
+        else {
+            struct item_head n_ih;
+      
+            /* copy part of the body of the item number 'item_num' of SOURCE to the end of the DEST 
+               part defined by 'cpy_bytes'; create new item header; change old item_header (????);
+               n_ih = new item_header;
+            */
+            memcpy (&n_ih, ih, IH_SIZE);
+            put_ih_item_len( &n_ih, cpy_bytes );
+            if (is_indirect_le_ih (ih)) {
+                RFALSE( cpy_bytes == ih_item_len(ih) && get_ih_free_space(ih),
+                        "vs-10180: when whole indirect item is bottle to left neighbor, it must have free_space==0 (not %lu)",
+                        ( long unsigned ) get_ih_free_space (ih));
+                set_ih_free_space (&n_ih, 0);
+            }
+
+            RFALSE( op_is_left_mergeable (&(ih->ih_key), src->b_size),
+                    "vs-10190: bad mergeability of item %h", ih);
+            n_ih.ih_version = ih->ih_version; /* JDM Endian safe, both le */
+            leaf_insert_into_buf (dest_bi, B_NR_ITEMS(dest), &n_ih, B_N_PITEM (src, item_num), 0);
+        }
+    } else {
+        /*  if ( if item in position item_num in buffer SOURCE is directory item ) */
+        if (is_direntry_le_ih(ih = B_N_PITEM_HEAD (src, item_num)))
+            leaf_copy_dir_entries (dest_bi, src, LAST_TO_FIRST, item_num, I_ENTRY_COUNT(ih) - cpy_bytes, cpy_bytes);
+        else {
+            struct item_head n_ih;
+      
+            /* copy part of the body of the item number 'item_num' of SOURCE to the begin of the DEST 
+               part defined by 'cpy_bytes'; create new item header;
+               n_ih = new item_header;
+            */
+            memcpy (&n_ih, ih, SHORT_KEY_SIZE);
+
+            n_ih.ih_version = ih->ih_version; /* JDM Endian safe, both le */
+
+            if (is_direct_le_ih (ih)) {
+                set_le_ih_k_offset (&n_ih, le_ih_k_offset (ih) + ih_item_len(ih) - cpy_bytes);
+                set_le_ih_k_type (&n_ih, TYPE_DIRECT);
+                set_ih_free_space (&n_ih, MAX_US_INT);
+            } else {
+                /* indirect item */
+                RFALSE( !cpy_bytes && get_ih_free_space (ih),
+                        "vs-10200: ih->ih_free_space must be 0 when indirect item will be appended");
+                set_le_ih_k_offset (&n_ih, le_ih_k_offset (ih) + (ih_item_len(ih) - cpy_bytes) / UNFM_P_SIZE * dest->b_size);
+                set_le_ih_k_type (&n_ih, TYPE_INDIRECT);
+                set_ih_free_space (&n_ih, get_ih_free_space (ih));
+            }
+      
+            /* set item length */
+            put_ih_item_len( &n_ih, cpy_bytes );
+
+            n_ih.ih_version = ih->ih_version; /* JDM Endian safe, both le */
+
+            leaf_insert_into_buf (dest_bi, 0, &n_ih, B_N_PITEM(src,item_num) + ih_item_len(ih) - cpy_bytes, 0);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
+/* If cpy_bytes equals minus one than copy cpy_num whole items from SOURCE to DEST.
+   If cpy_bytes not equal to minus one than copy cpy_num-1 whole items from SOURCE to DEST.
+   From last item copy cpy_num bytes for regular item and cpy_num directory entries for
+   directory item. */
+static int leaf_copy_items (struct buffer_info * dest_bi, struct buffer_head * src, int last_first, int cpy_num,
+                            int cpy_bytes)
+{
+  struct buffer_head * dest;
+  int pos, i, src_nr_item, bytes;
+
+  dest = dest_bi->bi_bh;
+  RFALSE( !dest || !src, "vs-10210: !dest || !src");
+  RFALSE( last_first != FIRST_TO_LAST && last_first != LAST_TO_FIRST,
+          "vs-10220:last_first != FIRST_TO_LAST && last_first != LAST_TO_FIRST");
+  RFALSE( B_NR_ITEMS(src) < cpy_num,
+          "vs-10230: No enough items: %d, req. %d", B_NR_ITEMS(src), cpy_num);
+  RFALSE( cpy_num < 0,"vs-10240: cpy_num < 0 (%d)", cpy_num);
+
+ if ( cpy_num == 0 )
+   return 0;
+ 
+ if ( last_first == FIRST_TO_LAST ) {
+   /* copy items to left */
+   pos = 0;
+   if ( cpy_num == 1 )
+     bytes = cpy_bytes;
+   else
+     bytes = -1;
+   
+   /* copy the first item or it part or nothing to the end of the DEST (i = leaf_copy_boundary_item(DEST,SOURCE,0,bytes)) */
+   i = leaf_copy_boundary_item (dest_bi, src, FIRST_TO_LAST, bytes);
+   cpy_num -= i;
+   if ( cpy_num == 0 )
+     return i;
+   pos += i;
+   if ( cpy_bytes == -1 )
+     /* copy first cpy_num items starting from position 'pos' of SOURCE to end of DEST */
+     leaf_copy_items_entirely (dest_bi, src, FIRST_TO_LAST, pos, cpy_num);
+   else {
+     /* copy first cpy_num-1 items starting from position 'pos-1' of the SOURCE to the end of the DEST */
+     leaf_copy_items_entirely (dest_bi, src, FIRST_TO_LAST, pos, cpy_num-1);
+             
+     /* copy part of the item which number is cpy_num+pos-1 to the end of the DEST */
+     leaf_item_bottle (dest_bi, src, FIRST_TO_LAST, cpy_num+pos-1, cpy_bytes);
+   } 
+ } else {
+   /* copy items to right */
+   src_nr_item = B_NR_ITEMS (src);
+   if ( cpy_num == 1 )
+     bytes = cpy_bytes;
+   else
+     bytes = -1;
+   
+   /* copy the last item or it part or nothing to the begin of the DEST (i = leaf_copy_boundary_item(DEST,SOURCE,1,bytes)); */
+   i = leaf_copy_boundary_item (dest_bi, src, LAST_TO_FIRST, bytes);
+   
+   cpy_num -= i;
+   if ( cpy_num == 0 )
+     return i;
+   
+   pos = src_nr_item - cpy_num - i;
+   if ( cpy_bytes == -1 ) {
+     /* starting from position 'pos' copy last cpy_num items of SOURCE to begin of DEST */
+     leaf_copy_items_entirely (dest_bi, src, LAST_TO_FIRST, pos, cpy_num);
+   } else {
+     /* copy last cpy_num-1 items starting from position 'pos+1' of the SOURCE to the begin of the DEST; */
+     leaf_copy_items_entirely (dest_bi, src, LAST_TO_FIRST, pos+1, cpy_num-1);
+
+     /* copy part of the item which number is pos to the begin of the DEST */
+     leaf_item_bottle (dest_bi, src, LAST_TO_FIRST, pos, cpy_bytes);
+   }
+ }
+ return i;
+}
+
+
+/* there are types of coping: from S[0] to L[0], from S[0] to R[0],
+   from R[0] to L[0]. for each of these we have to define parent and
+   positions of destination and source buffers */
+static void leaf_define_dest_src_infos (int shift_mode, struct tree_balance * tb, struct buffer_info * dest_bi,
+                                        struct buffer_info * src_bi, int * first_last,
+                                        struct buffer_head * Snew)
+{
+    memset (dest_bi, 0, sizeof (struct buffer_info));
+    memset (src_bi, 0, sizeof (struct buffer_info));
+
+    /* define dest, src, dest parent, dest position */
+    switch (shift_mode) {
+    case LEAF_FROM_S_TO_L:    /* it is used in leaf_shift_left */
+        src_bi->tb = tb;
+        src_bi->bi_bh = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER (tb->tb_path);
+        src_bi->bi_parent = PATH_H_PPARENT (tb->tb_path, 0);
+        src_bi->bi_position = PATH_H_B_ITEM_ORDER (tb->tb_path, 0);     /* src->b_item_order */
+        dest_bi->tb = tb;
+        dest_bi->bi_bh = tb->L[0];
+        dest_bi->bi_parent = tb->FL[0];
+        dest_bi->bi_position = get_left_neighbor_position (tb, 0);
+        *first_last = FIRST_TO_LAST;
+        break;
+
+    case LEAF_FROM_S_TO_R:  /* it is used in leaf_shift_right */
+        src_bi->tb = tb;
+        src_bi->bi_bh = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER (tb->tb_path);
+        src_bi->bi_parent = PATH_H_PPARENT (tb->tb_path, 0);
+        src_bi->bi_position = PATH_H_B_ITEM_ORDER (tb->tb_path, 0);
+        dest_bi->tb = tb;
+        dest_bi->bi_bh = tb->R[0];
+        dest_bi->bi_parent = tb->FR[0];
+        dest_bi->bi_position = get_right_neighbor_position (tb, 0);
+        *first_last = LAST_TO_FIRST;
+        break;
+
+    case LEAF_FROM_R_TO_L:  /* it is used in balance_leaf_when_delete */
+        src_bi->tb = tb;
+        src_bi->bi_bh = tb->R[0];
+        src_bi->bi_parent = tb->FR[0];
+        src_bi->bi_position = get_right_neighbor_position (tb, 0);
+        dest_bi->tb = tb;
+        dest_bi->bi_bh = tb->L[0];
+        dest_bi->bi_parent = tb->FL[0];
+        dest_bi->bi_position = get_left_neighbor_position (tb, 0);
+        *first_last = FIRST_TO_LAST;
+        break;
+    
+    case LEAF_FROM_L_TO_R:  /* it is used in balance_leaf_when_delete */
+        src_bi->tb = tb;
+        src_bi->bi_bh = tb->L[0];
+        src_bi->bi_parent = tb->FL[0];
+        src_bi->bi_position = get_left_neighbor_position (tb, 0);
+        dest_bi->tb = tb;
+        dest_bi->bi_bh = tb->R[0];
+        dest_bi->bi_parent = tb->FR[0];
+        dest_bi->bi_position = get_right_neighbor_position (tb, 0);
+        *first_last = LAST_TO_FIRST;
+        break;
+
+    case LEAF_FROM_S_TO_SNEW:
+        src_bi->tb = tb;
+        src_bi->bi_bh = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER (tb->tb_path);
+        src_bi->bi_parent = PATH_H_PPARENT (tb->tb_path, 0);
+        src_bi->bi_position = PATH_H_B_ITEM_ORDER (tb->tb_path, 0);
+        dest_bi->tb = tb;
+        dest_bi->bi_bh = Snew;
+        dest_bi->bi_parent = NULL;
+        dest_bi->bi_position = 0;
+        *first_last = LAST_TO_FIRST;
+        break;
+    
+    default:
+        reiserfs_panic (NULL, "vs-10250: leaf_define_dest_src_infos: shift type is unknown (%d)", shift_mode);
+    }
+    RFALSE( src_bi->bi_bh == 0 || dest_bi->bi_bh == 0,
+            "vs-10260: mode==%d, source (%p) or dest (%p) buffer is initialized incorrectly",
+            shift_mode, src_bi->bi_bh, dest_bi->bi_bh);
+}
+
+
+
+
+/* copy mov_num items and mov_bytes of the (mov_num-1)th item to
+   neighbor. Delete them from source */
+int leaf_move_items (int shift_mode, struct tree_balance * tb, int mov_num, int mov_bytes, struct buffer_head * Snew)
+{
+  int ret_value;
+  struct buffer_info dest_bi, src_bi;
+  int first_last;
+
+  leaf_define_dest_src_infos (shift_mode, tb, &dest_bi, &src_bi, &first_last, Snew);
+
+  ret_value = leaf_copy_items (&dest_bi, src_bi.bi_bh, first_last, mov_num, mov_bytes);
+
+  leaf_delete_items (&src_bi, first_last, (first_last == FIRST_TO_LAST) ? 0 : (B_NR_ITEMS(src_bi.bi_bh) - mov_num), mov_num, mov_bytes);
+
+  
+  return ret_value;
+}
+
+
+/* Shift shift_num items (and shift_bytes of last shifted item if shift_bytes != -1)
+   from S[0] to L[0] and replace the delimiting key */
+int leaf_shift_left (struct tree_balance * tb, int shift_num, int shift_bytes)
+{
+  struct buffer_head * S0 = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER (tb->tb_path);
+  int i;
+
+  /* move shift_num (and shift_bytes bytes) items from S[0] to left neighbor L[0] */
+  i = leaf_move_items (LEAF_FROM_S_TO_L, tb, shift_num, shift_bytes, NULL);
+
+  if ( shift_num ) {
+    if (B_NR_ITEMS (S0) == 0) { /* number of items in S[0] == 0 */
+
+      RFALSE( shift_bytes != -1,
+              "vs-10270: S0 is empty now, but shift_bytes != -1 (%d)", 
+              shift_bytes);
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+      if (tb->tb_mode == M_PASTE || tb->tb_mode == M_INSERT) {
+        print_cur_tb ("vs-10275");
+        reiserfs_panic (tb->tb_sb, "vs-10275: leaf_shift_left: balance condition corrupted (%c)", tb->tb_mode);
+      }
+#endif
+
+      if (PATH_H_POSITION (tb->tb_path, 1) == 0)
+        replace_key (tb, tb->CFL[0], tb->lkey[0], PATH_H_PPARENT (tb->tb_path, 0), 0);
+
+    } else {     
+      /* replace lkey in CFL[0] by 0-th key from S[0]; */
+      replace_key (tb, tb->CFL[0], tb->lkey[0], S0, 0);
+      
+      RFALSE( (shift_bytes != -1 &&
+              !(is_direntry_le_ih (B_N_PITEM_HEAD (S0, 0))
+                && !I_ENTRY_COUNT (B_N_PITEM_HEAD (S0, 0)))) &&
+              (!op_is_left_mergeable (B_N_PKEY (S0, 0), S0->b_size)),
+              "vs-10280: item must be mergeable");
+    }
+  }
+  
+  return i;
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+/* CLEANING STOPPED HERE */
+
+
+
+
+/* Shift shift_num (shift_bytes) items from S[0] to the right neighbor, and replace the delimiting key */
+int     leaf_shift_right(
+                struct tree_balance * tb, 
+                int shift_num,
+                int shift_bytes
+        )
+{
+  //  struct buffer_head * S0 = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER (tb->tb_path);
+  int ret_value;
+
+  /* move shift_num (and shift_bytes) items from S[0] to right neighbor R[0] */
+  ret_value = leaf_move_items (LEAF_FROM_S_TO_R, tb, shift_num, shift_bytes, NULL);
+
+  /* replace rkey in CFR[0] by the 0-th key from R[0] */
+  if (shift_num) {
+    replace_key (tb, tb->CFR[0], tb->rkey[0], tb->R[0], 0);
+
+  }
+
+  return ret_value;
+}
+
+
+
+static void leaf_delete_items_entirely (struct buffer_info * bi,
+                                        int first, int del_num);
+/*  If del_bytes == -1, starting from position 'first' delete del_num items in whole in buffer CUR.
+    If not. 
+    If last_first == 0. Starting from position 'first' delete del_num-1 items in whole. Delete part of body of
+    the first item. Part defined by del_bytes. Don't delete first item header
+    If last_first == 1. Starting from position 'first+1' delete del_num-1 items in whole. Delete part of body of
+    the last item . Part defined by del_bytes. Don't delete last item header.
+*/
+void leaf_delete_items (struct buffer_info * cur_bi, int last_first, 
+                        int first, int del_num, int del_bytes)
+{
+    struct buffer_head * bh;
+    int item_amount = B_NR_ITEMS (bh = cur_bi->bi_bh);
+
+    RFALSE( !bh, "10155: bh is not defined");
+    RFALSE( del_num < 0, "10160: del_num can not be < 0. del_num==%d", del_num);
+    RFALSE( first < 0 || first + del_num > item_amount,
+            "10165: invalid number of first item to be deleted (%d) or "
+            "no so much items (%d) to delete (only %d)", 
+            first, first + del_num, item_amount);
+
+    if ( del_num == 0 )
+        return;
+
+    if ( first == 0 && del_num == item_amount && del_bytes == -1 ) {
+        make_empty_node (cur_bi);
+        do_balance_mark_leaf_dirty (cur_bi->tb, bh, 0);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if ( del_bytes == -1 )
+        /* delete del_num items beginning from item in position first */
+        leaf_delete_items_entirely (cur_bi, first, del_num);
+    else {
+        if ( last_first == FIRST_TO_LAST ) {
+            /* delete del_num-1 items beginning from item in position first  */
+            leaf_delete_items_entirely (cur_bi, first, del_num-1);
+
+            /* delete the part of the first item of the bh
+               do not delete item header
+            */
+            leaf_cut_from_buffer (cur_bi, 0, 0, del_bytes);
+        } else  {
+            struct item_head * ih;
+            int len;
+
+            /* delete del_num-1 items beginning from item in position first+1  */
+            leaf_delete_items_entirely (cur_bi, first+1, del_num-1);
+
+            if (is_direntry_le_ih (ih = B_N_PITEM_HEAD(bh, B_NR_ITEMS(bh)-1)))  /* the last item is directory  */
+                /* len = numbers of directory entries in this item */
+                len = ih_entry_count(ih);
+            else
+                /* len = body len of item */
+                len = ih_item_len(ih);
+
+            /* delete the part of the last item of the bh 
+               do not delete item header
+            */
+            leaf_cut_from_buffer (cur_bi, B_NR_ITEMS(bh)-1, len - del_bytes, del_bytes);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
+/* insert item into the leaf node in position before */
+void leaf_insert_into_buf (struct buffer_info * bi, int before,
+                           struct item_head * inserted_item_ih,
+                           const char * inserted_item_body,
+                           int zeros_number)
+{
+    struct buffer_head * bh = bi->bi_bh;
+    int nr, free_space;
+    struct block_head * blkh;
+    struct item_head * ih;
+    int i;
+    int last_loc, unmoved_loc;
+    char * to;
+
+
+    blkh = B_BLK_HEAD(bh);
+    nr = blkh_nr_item(blkh);
+    free_space = blkh_free_space( blkh );
+
+    /* check free space */
+    RFALSE( free_space < ih_item_len(inserted_item_ih) + IH_SIZE,
+            "vs-10170: not enough free space in block %z, new item %h",
+            bh, inserted_item_ih);
+    RFALSE( zeros_number > ih_item_len(inserted_item_ih),
+            "vs-10172: zero number == %d, item length == %d",
+            zeros_number, ih_item_len(inserted_item_ih));
+
+
+    /* get item new item must be inserted before */
+    ih = B_N_PITEM_HEAD (bh, before);
+
+    /* prepare space for the body of new item */
+    last_loc = nr ? ih_location( &(ih[nr - before - 1]) ) : bh->b_size;
+    unmoved_loc = before ? ih_location( ih-1 ) : bh->b_size;
+
+
+    memmove (bh->b_data + last_loc - ih_item_len(inserted_item_ih), 
+             bh->b_data + last_loc, unmoved_loc - last_loc);
+
+    to = bh->b_data + unmoved_loc - ih_item_len(inserted_item_ih);
+    memset (to, 0, zeros_number);
+    to += zeros_number;
+
+    /* copy body to prepared space */
+    if (inserted_item_body)
+        memmove (to, inserted_item_body, ih_item_len(inserted_item_ih) - zeros_number);
+    else
+        memset(to, '\0', ih_item_len(inserted_item_ih) - zeros_number);
+  
+    /* insert item header */
+    memmove (ih + 1, ih, IH_SIZE * (nr - before));
+    memmove (ih, inserted_item_ih, IH_SIZE);
+  
+    /* change locations */
+    for (i = before; i < nr + 1; i ++)
+    {
+        unmoved_loc -= ih_item_len( &(ih[i-before]));
+        put_ih_location( &(ih[i-before]), unmoved_loc );
+    }
+  
+    /* sizes, free space, item number */
+    set_blkh_nr_item( blkh, blkh_nr_item(blkh) + 1 );
+    set_blkh_free_space( blkh,
+                    free_space - (IH_SIZE + ih_item_len(inserted_item_ih ) ) );
+    do_balance_mark_leaf_dirty (bi->tb, bh, 1);
+
+    if (bi->bi_parent) { 
+        struct disk_child *t_dc;
+        t_dc = B_N_CHILD (bi->bi_parent, bi->bi_position);
+        put_dc_size( t_dc, dc_size(t_dc) + (IH_SIZE + ih_item_len(inserted_item_ih)));
+        do_balance_mark_internal_dirty (bi->tb, bi->bi_parent, 0);
+    }
+}
+
+
+/* paste paste_size bytes to affected_item_num-th item. 
+   When item is a directory, this only prepare space for new entries */
+void leaf_paste_in_buffer (struct buffer_info * bi, int affected_item_num,
+                           int pos_in_item, int paste_size,
+                           const char * body,
+                           int zeros_number)
+{
+    struct buffer_head * bh = bi->bi_bh;
+    int nr, free_space;
+    struct block_head * blkh;
+    struct item_head * ih;
+    int i;
+    int last_loc, unmoved_loc;
+
+    blkh = B_BLK_HEAD(bh);
+    nr = blkh_nr_item(blkh);
+    free_space = blkh_free_space(blkh);
+
+
+    /* check free space */
+    RFALSE( free_space < paste_size,
+            "vs-10175: not enough free space: needed %d, available %d",
+            paste_size, free_space);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+    if (zeros_number > paste_size) {
+        print_cur_tb ("10177");
+        reiserfs_panic ( NULL, "vs-10177: leaf_paste_in_buffer: ero number == %d, paste_size == %d",
+                         zeros_number, paste_size);
+    }
+#endif /* CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK */
+
+
+    /* item to be appended */
+    ih = B_N_PITEM_HEAD(bh, affected_item_num);
+
+    last_loc = ih_location( &(ih[nr - affected_item_num - 1]) );
+    unmoved_loc = affected_item_num ? ih_location( ih-1 ) : bh->b_size;
+
+    /* prepare space */
+    memmove (bh->b_data + last_loc - paste_size, bh->b_data + last_loc,
+             unmoved_loc - last_loc);
+
+
+    /* change locations */
+    for (i = affected_item_num; i < nr; i ++)
+        put_ih_location( &(ih[i-affected_item_num]),
+                    ih_location( &(ih[i-affected_item_num])) - paste_size );
+
+    if ( body ) {
+        if (!is_direntry_le_ih (ih)) {
+            if (!pos_in_item) {
+                /* shift data to right */
+                memmove (bh->b_data + ih_location(ih) + paste_size, 
+                         bh->b_data + ih_location(ih), ih_item_len(ih));
+                /* paste data in the head of item */
+                memset (bh->b_data + ih_location(ih), 0, zeros_number);
+                memcpy (bh->b_data + ih_location(ih) + zeros_number, body, paste_size - zeros_number);
+            } else {
+                memset (bh->b_data + unmoved_loc - paste_size, 0, zeros_number);
+                memcpy (bh->b_data + unmoved_loc - paste_size + zeros_number, body, paste_size - zeros_number);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    else
+        memset(bh->b_data + unmoved_loc - paste_size, '\0', paste_size);
+
+    put_ih_item_len( ih, ih_item_len(ih) + paste_size );
+
+    /* change free space */
+    set_blkh_free_space( blkh, free_space - paste_size );
+
+    do_balance_mark_leaf_dirty (bi->tb, bh, 0);
+
+    if (bi->bi_parent) { 
+        struct disk_child *t_dc = B_N_CHILD (bi->bi_parent, bi->bi_position);
+        put_dc_size( t_dc, dc_size(t_dc) + paste_size );
+        do_balance_mark_internal_dirty (bi->tb, bi->bi_parent, 0);
+    }
+}
+
+
+/* cuts DEL_COUNT entries beginning from FROM-th entry. Directory item
+   does not have free space, so it moves DEHs and remaining records as
+   necessary. Return value is size of removed part of directory item
+   in bytes. */
+static int      leaf_cut_entries (
+                                struct buffer_head * bh,
+                                struct item_head * ih, 
+                                int from, 
+                                int del_count
+                        )
+{
+  char * item;
+  struct reiserfs_de_head * deh;
+  int prev_record_offset;       /* offset of record, that is (from-1)th */
+  char * prev_record;           /* */
+  int cut_records_len;          /* length of all removed records */
+  int i;
+
+
+  /* make sure, that item is directory and there are enough entries to
+     remove */
+  RFALSE( !is_direntry_le_ih (ih), "10180: item is not directory item");
+  RFALSE( I_ENTRY_COUNT(ih) < from + del_count,
+          "10185: item contains not enough entries: entry_cout = %d, from = %d, to delete = %d",
+          I_ENTRY_COUNT(ih), from, del_count);
+
+  if (del_count == 0)
+    return 0;
+
+  /* first byte of item */
+  item = bh->b_data + ih_location(ih);
+
+  /* entry head array */
+  deh = B_I_DEH (bh, ih);
+
+  /* first byte of remaining entries, those are BEFORE cut entries
+     (prev_record) and length of all removed records (cut_records_len) */
+  prev_record_offset = (from ? deh_location( &(deh[from - 1])) : ih_item_len(ih));
+  cut_records_len = prev_record_offset/*from_record*/ -
+                                deh_location( &(deh[from + del_count - 1]));
+  prev_record = item + prev_record_offset;
+
+
+  /* adjust locations of remaining entries */
+  for (i = I_ENTRY_COUNT(ih) - 1; i > from + del_count - 1; i --)
+    put_deh_location( &(deh[i]),
+                        deh_location( &deh[i] ) - (DEH_SIZE * del_count ) );
+
+  for (i = 0; i < from; i ++)
+    put_deh_location( &(deh[i]),
+        deh_location( &deh[i] ) - (DEH_SIZE * del_count + cut_records_len) );
+
+  put_ih_entry_count( ih, ih_entry_count(ih) - del_count );
+
+  /* shift entry head array and entries those are AFTER removed entries */
+  memmove ((char *)(deh + from),
+           deh + from + del_count, 
+           prev_record - cut_records_len - (char *)(deh + from + del_count));
+  
+  /* shift records, those are BEFORE removed entries */
+  memmove (prev_record - cut_records_len - DEH_SIZE * del_count,
+           prev_record, item + ih_item_len(ih) - prev_record);
+
+  return DEH_SIZE * del_count + cut_records_len;
+}
+
+
+/*  when cut item is part of regular file
+        pos_in_item - first byte that must be cut
+        cut_size - number of bytes to be cut beginning from pos_in_item
+ 
+   when cut item is part of directory
+        pos_in_item - number of first deleted entry
+        cut_size - count of deleted entries
+    */
+void leaf_cut_from_buffer (struct buffer_info * bi, int cut_item_num,
+                           int pos_in_item, int cut_size)
+{
+    int nr;
+    struct buffer_head * bh = bi->bi_bh;
+    struct block_head * blkh;
+    struct item_head * ih;
+    int last_loc, unmoved_loc;
+    int i;
+
+    blkh = B_BLK_HEAD(bh);
+    nr = blkh_nr_item(blkh);
+
+    /* item head of truncated item */
+    ih = B_N_PITEM_HEAD (bh, cut_item_num);
+
+    if (is_direntry_le_ih (ih)) {
+        /* first cut entry ()*/
+        cut_size = leaf_cut_entries (bh, ih, pos_in_item, cut_size);
+        if (pos_in_item == 0) {
+                /* change key */
+            RFALSE( cut_item_num,
+                    "when 0-th enrty of item is cut, that item must be first in the node, not %d-th", cut_item_num);
+            /* change item key by key of first entry in the item */
+            set_le_ih_k_offset (ih, deh_offset(B_I_DEH (bh, ih)));
+            /*memcpy (&ih->ih_key.k_offset, &(B_I_DEH (bh, ih)->deh_offset), SHORT_KEY_SIZE);*/
+            }
+    } else {
+        /* item is direct or indirect */
+        RFALSE( is_statdata_le_ih (ih), "10195: item is stat data");
+        RFALSE( pos_in_item && pos_in_item + cut_size != ih_item_len(ih),
+                "10200: invalid offset (%lu) or trunc_size (%lu) or ih_item_len (%lu)",
+                ( long unsigned ) pos_in_item, ( long unsigned ) cut_size, 
+                ( long unsigned ) ih_item_len (ih));
+
+        /* shift item body to left if cut is from the head of item */
+        if (pos_in_item == 0) {
+            memmove( bh->b_data + ih_location(ih),
+                     bh->b_data + ih_location(ih) + cut_size,
+                     ih_item_len(ih) - cut_size);
+            
+            /* change key of item */
+            if (is_direct_le_ih (ih))
+                set_le_ih_k_offset (ih, le_ih_k_offset (ih) + cut_size);
+            else {
+                set_le_ih_k_offset (ih, le_ih_k_offset (ih) + (cut_size / UNFM_P_SIZE) * bh->b_size);
+                RFALSE( ih_item_len(ih) == cut_size && get_ih_free_space (ih),
+                        "10205: invalid ih_free_space (%h)", ih);
+                }
+            }
+    }
+  
+
+    /* location of the last item */
+    last_loc = ih_location( &(ih[nr - cut_item_num - 1]) );
+
+    /* location of the item, which is remaining at the same place */
+    unmoved_loc = cut_item_num ? ih_location(ih-1) : bh->b_size;
+
+
+    /* shift */
+    memmove (bh->b_data + last_loc + cut_size, bh->b_data + last_loc,
+               unmoved_loc - last_loc - cut_size);
+
+    /* change item length */
+    put_ih_item_len( ih, ih_item_len(ih) - cut_size );
+  
+    if (is_indirect_le_ih (ih)) {
+        if (pos_in_item)
+            set_ih_free_space (ih, 0);
+    }
+
+    /* change locations */
+    for (i = cut_item_num; i < nr; i ++)
+    put_ih_location( &(ih[i-cut_item_num]), ih_location( &ih[i-cut_item_num]) + cut_size );
+
+    /* size, free space */
+    set_blkh_free_space( blkh, blkh_free_space(blkh) + cut_size );
+
+    do_balance_mark_leaf_dirty (bi->tb, bh, 0);
+    
+    if (bi->bi_parent) { 
+      struct disk_child *t_dc;
+      t_dc = B_N_CHILD (bi->bi_parent, bi->bi_position);
+      put_dc_size( t_dc, dc_size(t_dc) - cut_size );
+      do_balance_mark_internal_dirty (bi->tb, bi->bi_parent, 0);
+    }
+}
+
+
+/* delete del_num items from buffer starting from the first'th item */
+static void leaf_delete_items_entirely (struct buffer_info * bi,
+                                        int first, int del_num)
+{
+    struct buffer_head * bh = bi->bi_bh;
+    int nr;
+    int i, j;
+    int last_loc, last_removed_loc;
+    struct block_head * blkh;
+    struct item_head * ih;
+
+  RFALSE( bh == NULL, "10210: buffer is 0");
+  RFALSE( del_num < 0, "10215: del_num less than 0 (%d)", del_num);
+
+  if (del_num == 0)
+    return;
+
+  blkh = B_BLK_HEAD(bh);
+  nr = blkh_nr_item(blkh);
+
+  RFALSE( first < 0 || first + del_num > nr,
+          "10220: first=%d, number=%d, there is %d items", first, del_num, nr);
+
+  if (first == 0 && del_num == nr) {
+    /* this does not work */
+    make_empty_node (bi);
+    
+    do_balance_mark_leaf_dirty (bi->tb, bh, 0);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  ih = B_N_PITEM_HEAD (bh, first);
+  
+  /* location of unmovable item */
+  j = (first == 0) ? bh->b_size : ih_location(ih-1);
+      
+  /* delete items */
+  last_loc = ih_location( &(ih[nr-1-first]) );
+  last_removed_loc = ih_location( &(ih[del_num-1]) );
+
+  memmove (bh->b_data + last_loc + j - last_removed_loc,
+           bh->b_data + last_loc, last_removed_loc - last_loc);
+  
+  /* delete item headers */
+  memmove (ih, ih + del_num, (nr - first - del_num) * IH_SIZE);
+  
+  /* change item location */
+  for (i = first; i < nr - del_num; i ++)
+    put_ih_location( &(ih[i-first]), ih_location( &(ih[i-first]) ) + (j - last_removed_loc) );
+
+  /* sizes, item number */
+  set_blkh_nr_item( blkh, blkh_nr_item(blkh) - del_num );
+  set_blkh_free_space( blkh, blkh_free_space(blkh) + (j - last_removed_loc + IH_SIZE * del_num) );
+
+  do_balance_mark_leaf_dirty (bi->tb, bh, 0);
+  
+  if (bi->bi_parent) {
+    struct disk_child *t_dc = B_N_CHILD (bi->bi_parent, bi->bi_position);
+    put_dc_size( t_dc, dc_size(t_dc) -
+                                (j - last_removed_loc + IH_SIZE * del_num));
+    do_balance_mark_internal_dirty (bi->tb, bi->bi_parent, 0);
+  }
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+/* paste new_entry_count entries (new_dehs, records) into position before to item_num-th item */
+void    leaf_paste_entries (
+                        struct buffer_head * bh,
+                        int item_num,
+                        int before,
+                        int new_entry_count,
+                        struct reiserfs_de_head * new_dehs,
+                        const char * records,
+                        int paste_size
+                )
+{
+    struct item_head * ih;
+    char * item;
+    struct reiserfs_de_head * deh;
+    char * insert_point;
+    int i, old_entry_num;
+
+    if (new_entry_count == 0)
+        return;
+
+    ih = B_N_PITEM_HEAD(bh, item_num);
+
+  /* make sure, that item is directory, and there are enough records in it */
+  RFALSE( !is_direntry_le_ih (ih), "10225: item is not directory item");
+  RFALSE( I_ENTRY_COUNT (ih) < before,
+          "10230: there are no entry we paste entries before. entry_count = %d, before = %d",
+          I_ENTRY_COUNT (ih), before);
+
+
+  /* first byte of dest item */
+  item = bh->b_data + ih_location(ih);
+
+  /* entry head array */
+  deh = B_I_DEH (bh, ih);
+
+  /* new records will be pasted at this point */
+  insert_point = item + (before ? deh_location( &(deh[before - 1])) : (ih_item_len(ih) - paste_size));
+
+  /* adjust locations of records that will be AFTER new records */
+  for (i = I_ENTRY_COUNT(ih) - 1; i >= before; i --)
+    put_deh_location( &(deh[i]),
+                deh_location(&(deh[i])) + (DEH_SIZE * new_entry_count )); 
+
+  /* adjust locations of records that will be BEFORE new records */
+  for (i = 0; i < before; i ++)
+    put_deh_location( &(deh[i]), deh_location(&(deh[i])) + paste_size );
+
+  old_entry_num = I_ENTRY_COUNT(ih);
+  put_ih_entry_count( ih, ih_entry_count(ih) + new_entry_count );
+
+  /* prepare space for pasted records */
+  memmove (insert_point + paste_size, insert_point, item + (ih_item_len(ih) - paste_size) - insert_point);
+
+  /* copy new records */
+  memcpy (insert_point + DEH_SIZE * new_entry_count, records,
+                   paste_size - DEH_SIZE * new_entry_count);
+  
+  /* prepare space for new entry heads */
+  deh += before;
+  memmove ((char *)(deh + new_entry_count), deh, insert_point - (char *)deh);
+
+  /* copy new entry heads */
+  deh = (struct reiserfs_de_head *)((char *)deh);
+  memcpy (deh, new_dehs, DEH_SIZE * new_entry_count);
+
+  /* set locations of new records */
+  for (i = 0; i < new_entry_count; i ++)
+  {
+    put_deh_location( &(deh[i]),
+        deh_location( &(deh[i] )) +
+        (- deh_location( &(new_dehs[new_entry_count - 1])) +
+        insert_point + DEH_SIZE * new_entry_count - item));
+  }
+
+
+  /* change item key if necessary (when we paste before 0-th entry */
+  if (!before)
+    {
+        set_le_ih_k_offset (ih, deh_offset(new_dehs));
+/*      memcpy (&ih->ih_key.k_offset, 
+                       &new_dehs->deh_offset, SHORT_KEY_SIZE);*/
+    }
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+  {
+    int prev, next;
+    /* check record locations */
+    deh = B_I_DEH (bh, ih);
+    for (i = 0; i < I_ENTRY_COUNT(ih); i ++) {
+      next = (i < I_ENTRY_COUNT(ih) - 1) ? deh_location( &(deh[i + 1])) : 0;
+      prev = (i != 0) ? deh_location( &(deh[i - 1]) ) : 0;
+      
+      if (prev && prev <= deh_location( &(deh[i])))
+        reiserfs_warning (NULL, "vs-10240: leaf_paste_entries: directory item (%h) corrupted (prev %a, cur(%d) %a)",
+                          ih, deh + i - 1, i, deh + i);
+      if (next && next >= deh_location( &(deh[i])))
+        reiserfs_warning (NULL, "vs-10250: leaf_paste_entries: directory item (%h) corrupted (cur(%d) %a, next %a)",
+                          ih, i, deh + i, deh + i + 1);
+    }
+  }
+#endif
+
+}
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/namei.c b/fs/reiserfs/namei.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..80e92d9b81cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/namei.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1491 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, licensing governed by reiserfs/README
+ *
+ * Trivial changes by Alan Cox to remove EHASHCOLLISION for compatibility
+ *
+ * Trivial Changes:
+ * Rights granted to Hans Reiser to redistribute under other terms providing
+ * he accepts all liability including but not limited to patent, fitness
+ * for purpose, and direct or indirect claims arising from failure to perform.
+ *
+ * NO WARRANTY
+ */
+
+#include <linux/config.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/bitops.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_fs.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_acl.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_xattr.h>
+#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
+#include <linux/quotaops.h>
+
+#define INC_DIR_INODE_NLINK(i) if (i->i_nlink != 1) { i->i_nlink++; if (i->i_nlink >= REISERFS_LINK_MAX) i->i_nlink=1; }
+#define DEC_DIR_INODE_NLINK(i) if (i->i_nlink != 1) i->i_nlink--;
+
+// directory item contains array of entry headers. This performs
+// binary search through that array
+static int bin_search_in_dir_item (struct reiserfs_dir_entry * de, loff_t off)
+{
+    struct item_head * ih = de->de_ih;
+    struct reiserfs_de_head * deh = de->de_deh;
+    int rbound, lbound, j;
+
+    lbound = 0;
+    rbound = I_ENTRY_COUNT (ih) - 1;
+
+    for (j = (rbound + lbound) / 2; lbound <= rbound; j = (rbound + lbound) / 2) {
+        if (off < deh_offset (deh + j)) {
+            rbound = j - 1;
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (off > deh_offset (deh + j)) {
+            lbound = j + 1;
+            continue;
+        }
+        // this is not name found, but matched third key component
+        de->de_entry_num = j;
+        return NAME_FOUND;
+    }
+
+    de->de_entry_num = lbound;
+    return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
+}
+
+
+// comment?  maybe something like set de to point to what the path points to?
+static inline void set_de_item_location (struct reiserfs_dir_entry * de, struct path * path)
+{
+    de->de_bh = get_last_bh (path);
+    de->de_ih = get_ih (path);
+    de->de_deh = B_I_DEH (de->de_bh, de->de_ih);
+    de->de_item_num = PATH_LAST_POSITION (path);
+} 
+
+
+// de_bh, de_ih, de_deh (points to first element of array), de_item_num is set
+inline void set_de_name_and_namelen (struct reiserfs_dir_entry * de)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_de_head * deh = de->de_deh + de->de_entry_num;
+
+    if (de->de_entry_num >= ih_entry_count (de->de_ih))
+        BUG ();
+
+    de->de_entrylen = entry_length (de->de_bh, de->de_ih, de->de_entry_num);
+    de->de_namelen = de->de_entrylen - (de_with_sd (deh) ? SD_SIZE : 0);
+    de->de_name = B_I_PITEM (de->de_bh, de->de_ih) + deh_location(deh);
+    if (de->de_name[de->de_namelen - 1] == 0)
+        de->de_namelen = strlen (de->de_name);
+}
+
+
+// what entry points to
+static inline void set_de_object_key (struct reiserfs_dir_entry * de)
+{
+    if (de->de_entry_num >= ih_entry_count (de->de_ih))
+        BUG ();
+    de->de_dir_id = deh_dir_id( &(de->de_deh[de->de_entry_num]));
+    de->de_objectid = deh_objectid( &(de->de_deh[de->de_entry_num]));
+}
+
+
+static inline void store_de_entry_key (struct reiserfs_dir_entry * de)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_de_head * deh = de->de_deh + de->de_entry_num;
+
+    if (de->de_entry_num >= ih_entry_count (de->de_ih))
+        BUG ();
+
+    /* store key of the found entry */
+    de->de_entry_key.version = KEY_FORMAT_3_5;
+    de->de_entry_key.on_disk_key.k_dir_id = le32_to_cpu (de->de_ih->ih_key.k_dir_id);
+    de->de_entry_key.on_disk_key.k_objectid = le32_to_cpu (de->de_ih->ih_key.k_objectid);
+    set_cpu_key_k_offset (&(de->de_entry_key), deh_offset (deh));
+    set_cpu_key_k_type (&(de->de_entry_key), TYPE_DIRENTRY);
+}
+
+
+/* We assign a key to each directory item, and place multiple entries
+in a single directory item.  A directory item has a key equal to the
+key of the first directory entry in it.
+
+This function first calls search_by_key, then, if item whose first
+entry matches is not found it looks for the entry inside directory
+item found by search_by_key. Fills the path to the entry, and to the
+entry position in the item 
+
+*/
+
+/* The function is NOT SCHEDULE-SAFE! */
+int search_by_entry_key (struct super_block * sb, const struct cpu_key * key,
+                         struct path * path, struct reiserfs_dir_entry * de)
+{
+    int retval;
+
+    retval = search_item (sb, key, path);
+    switch (retval) {
+    case ITEM_NOT_FOUND:
+        if (!PATH_LAST_POSITION (path)) {
+            reiserfs_warning (sb, "vs-7000: search_by_entry_key: search_by_key returned item position == 0");
+            pathrelse(path) ;
+            return IO_ERROR ;
+        }
+        PATH_LAST_POSITION (path) --;
+
+    case ITEM_FOUND:
+        break;
+
+    case IO_ERROR:
+        return retval;
+
+    default:
+        pathrelse (path);
+        reiserfs_warning (sb, "vs-7002: search_by_entry_key: no path to here");
+        return IO_ERROR;
+    }
+
+    set_de_item_location (de, path);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+    if (!is_direntry_le_ih (de->de_ih) || 
+        COMP_SHORT_KEYS (&(de->de_ih->ih_key), key)) {
+        print_block (de->de_bh, 0, -1, -1);
+        reiserfs_panic (sb, "vs-7005: search_by_entry_key: found item %h is not directory item or "
+                        "does not belong to the same directory as key %K", de->de_ih, key);
+    }
+#endif /* CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK */
+
+    /* binary search in directory item by third componen t of the
+       key. sets de->de_entry_num of de */
+    retval = bin_search_in_dir_item (de, cpu_key_k_offset (key));
+    path->pos_in_item = de->de_entry_num;
+    if (retval != NAME_NOT_FOUND) {
+        // ugly, but rename needs de_bh, de_deh, de_name, de_namelen, de_objectid set
+        set_de_name_and_namelen (de);
+        set_de_object_key (de);
+    }
+    return retval;
+}
+
+
+
+/* Keyed 32-bit hash function using TEA in a Davis-Meyer function */
+
+/* The third component is hashed, and you can choose from more than
+   one hash function.  Per directory hashes are not yet implemented
+   but are thought about. This function should be moved to hashes.c
+   Jedi, please do so.  -Hans */
+
+static __u32 get_third_component (struct super_block * s, 
+                                  const char * name, int len)
+{
+    __u32 res;
+
+    if (!len || (len == 1 && name[0] == '.'))
+        return DOT_OFFSET;
+    if (len == 2 && name[0] == '.' && name[1] == '.')
+        return DOT_DOT_OFFSET;
+
+    res = REISERFS_SB(s)->s_hash_function (name, len);
+
+    // take bits from 7-th to 30-th including both bounds
+    res = GET_HASH_VALUE(res);
+    if (res == 0)
+        // needed to have no names before "." and ".." those have hash
+        // value == 0 and generation conters 1 and 2 accordingly
+        res = 128;
+    return res + MAX_GENERATION_NUMBER;
+}
+
+
+static int reiserfs_match (struct reiserfs_dir_entry * de, 
+                           const char * name, int namelen)
+{
+    int retval = NAME_NOT_FOUND;
+
+    if ((namelen == de->de_namelen) &&
+        !memcmp(de->de_name, name, de->de_namelen))
+        retval = (de_visible (de->de_deh + de->de_entry_num) ? NAME_FOUND : NAME_FOUND_INVISIBLE);
+
+    return retval;
+}
+
+
+/* de's de_bh, de_ih, de_deh, de_item_num, de_entry_num are set already */
+
+                                /* used when hash collisions exist */
+
+
+static int linear_search_in_dir_item (struct cpu_key * key, struct reiserfs_dir_entry * de,
+                                      const char * name, int namelen)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_de_head * deh = de->de_deh;
+    int retval;
+    int i;
+
+    i = de->de_entry_num;
+
+    if (i == I_ENTRY_COUNT (de->de_ih) ||
+        GET_HASH_VALUE (deh_offset (deh + i)) != GET_HASH_VALUE (cpu_key_k_offset (key))) {
+        i --;
+    }
+
+    RFALSE( de->de_deh != B_I_DEH (de->de_bh, de->de_ih),
+            "vs-7010: array of entry headers not found");
+
+    deh += i;
+
+    for (; i >= 0; i --, deh --) {
+        if (GET_HASH_VALUE (deh_offset (deh)) !=
+            GET_HASH_VALUE (cpu_key_k_offset (key))) {
+            // hash value does not match, no need to check whole name
+            return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
+        }
+   
+        /* mark, that this generation number is used */
+        if (de->de_gen_number_bit_string)
+            set_bit (GET_GENERATION_NUMBER (deh_offset (deh)), (unsigned long *)de->de_gen_number_bit_string);
+
+        // calculate pointer to name and namelen
+        de->de_entry_num = i;
+        set_de_name_and_namelen (de);
+
+        if ((retval = reiserfs_match (de, name, namelen)) != NAME_NOT_FOUND) {
+            // de's de_name, de_namelen, de_recordlen are set. Fill the rest:
+
+            // key of pointed object
+            set_de_object_key (de);
+
+            store_de_entry_key (de);
+
+            // retval can be NAME_FOUND or NAME_FOUND_INVISIBLE
+            return retval;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (GET_GENERATION_NUMBER (le_ih_k_offset (de->de_ih)) == 0)
+        /* we have reached left most entry in the node. In common we
+           have to go to the left neighbor, but if generation counter
+           is 0 already, we know for sure, that there is no name with
+           the same hash value */
+        // FIXME: this work correctly only because hash value can not
+        // be 0. Btw, in case of Yura's hash it is probably possible,
+        // so, this is a bug
+        return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
+
+    RFALSE( de->de_item_num,
+            "vs-7015: two diritems of the same directory in one node?");
+
+    return GOTO_PREVIOUS_ITEM;
+}
+
+
+// may return NAME_FOUND, NAME_FOUND_INVISIBLE, NAME_NOT_FOUND
+// FIXME: should add something like IOERROR
+static int reiserfs_find_entry (struct inode * dir, const char * name, int namelen, 
+                                struct path * path_to_entry, struct reiserfs_dir_entry * de)
+{
+    struct cpu_key key_to_search;
+    int retval;
+
+
+    if (namelen > REISERFS_MAX_NAME (dir->i_sb->s_blocksize))
+        return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
+
+    /* we will search for this key in the tree */
+    make_cpu_key (&key_to_search, dir, 
+                  get_third_component (dir->i_sb, name, namelen), TYPE_DIRENTRY, 3);
+
+    while (1) {
+        retval = search_by_entry_key (dir->i_sb, &key_to_search, path_to_entry, de);
+        if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+            reiserfs_warning (dir->i_sb, "zam-7001: io error in %s",
+                              __FUNCTION__);
+            return IO_ERROR;
+        }
+
+        /* compare names for all entries having given hash value */
+        retval = linear_search_in_dir_item (&key_to_search, de, name, namelen);
+        if (retval != GOTO_PREVIOUS_ITEM) {
+            /* there is no need to scan directory anymore. Given entry found or does not exist */
+            path_to_entry->pos_in_item = de->de_entry_num;
+            return retval;
+        }
+
+        /* there is left neighboring item of this directory and given entry can be there */
+        set_cpu_key_k_offset (&key_to_search, le_ih_k_offset (de->de_ih) - 1);
+        pathrelse (path_to_entry);
+
+    } /* while (1) */
+}
+
+
+static struct dentry * reiserfs_lookup (struct inode * dir, struct dentry * dentry, struct nameidata *nd)
+{
+    int retval;
+    struct inode * inode = NULL;
+    struct reiserfs_dir_entry de;
+    INITIALIZE_PATH (path_to_entry);
+
+    if (REISERFS_MAX_NAME (dir->i_sb->s_blocksize) < dentry->d_name.len)
+        return ERR_PTR(-ENAMETOOLONG);
+
+    reiserfs_write_lock(dir->i_sb);
+    de.de_gen_number_bit_string = NULL;
+    retval = reiserfs_find_entry (dir, dentry->d_name.name, dentry->d_name.len, &path_to_entry, &de);
+    pathrelse (&path_to_entry);
+    if (retval == NAME_FOUND) {
+        /* Hide the .reiserfs_priv directory */
+        if (reiserfs_xattrs (dir->i_sb) &&
+            !old_format_only(dir->i_sb) &&
+            REISERFS_SB(dir->i_sb)->priv_root &&
+            REISERFS_SB(dir->i_sb)->priv_root->d_inode &&
+            de.de_objectid == le32_to_cpu (INODE_PKEY(REISERFS_SB(dir->i_sb)->priv_root->d_inode)->k_objectid)) {
+          reiserfs_write_unlock (dir->i_sb);
+          return ERR_PTR (-EACCES);
+        }
+
+        inode = reiserfs_iget (dir->i_sb, (struct cpu_key *)&(de.de_dir_id));
+        if (!inode || IS_ERR(inode)) {
+            reiserfs_write_unlock(dir->i_sb);
+            return ERR_PTR(-EACCES);
+        }
+
+        /* Propogate the priv_object flag so we know we're in the priv tree */
+        if (is_reiserfs_priv_object (dir))
+            reiserfs_mark_inode_private (inode);
+    }
+    reiserfs_write_unlock(dir->i_sb);
+    if ( retval == IO_ERROR ) {
+        return ERR_PTR(-EIO);
+    }
+
+    if (inode)
+            return d_splice_alias(inode, dentry);
+    
+    d_add(dentry, inode);
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+
+/* 
+** looks up the dentry of the parent directory for child.
+** taken from ext2_get_parent
+*/
+struct dentry *reiserfs_get_parent(struct dentry *child)
+{
+    int retval;
+    struct inode * inode = NULL;
+    struct reiserfs_dir_entry de;
+    INITIALIZE_PATH (path_to_entry);
+    struct dentry *parent;
+    struct inode *dir = child->d_inode ;
+
+
+    if (dir->i_nlink == 0) {
+        return ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
+    }
+    de.de_gen_number_bit_string = NULL;
+
+    reiserfs_write_lock(dir->i_sb);
+    retval = reiserfs_find_entry (dir, "..", 2, &path_to_entry, &de);
+    pathrelse (&path_to_entry);
+    if (retval != NAME_FOUND) {
+        reiserfs_write_unlock(dir->i_sb);
+        return ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
+    }
+    inode = reiserfs_iget (dir->i_sb, (struct cpu_key *)&(de.de_dir_id));
+    reiserfs_write_unlock(dir->i_sb);
+
+    if (!inode || IS_ERR(inode)) {
+        return ERR_PTR(-EACCES);
+    }
+    parent = d_alloc_anon(inode);
+    if (!parent) {
+        iput(inode);
+        parent = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+    }
+    return parent;
+}
+
+
+/* add entry to the directory (entry can be hidden). 
+
+insert definition of when hidden directories are used here -Hans
+
+ Does not mark dir   inode dirty, do it after successesfull call to it */
+
+static int reiserfs_add_entry (struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, struct inode * dir,
+                               const char * name, int namelen, struct inode * inode,
+                               int visible)
+{
+    struct cpu_key entry_key;
+    struct reiserfs_de_head * deh;
+    INITIALIZE_PATH (path);
+    struct reiserfs_dir_entry de;
+    int bit_string [MAX_GENERATION_NUMBER / (sizeof(int) * 8) + 1];
+    int gen_number;
+    char small_buf[32+DEH_SIZE] ; /* 48 bytes now and we avoid kmalloc
+                                     if we create file with short name */
+    char * buffer;
+    int buflen, paste_size;
+    int retval;
+
+    BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+
+    /* cannot allow items to be added into a busy deleted directory */
+    if (!namelen)
+        return -EINVAL;
+
+    if (namelen > REISERFS_MAX_NAME (dir->i_sb->s_blocksize))
+        return -ENAMETOOLONG;
+
+    /* each entry has unique key. compose it */
+    make_cpu_key (&entry_key, dir, 
+                  get_third_component (dir->i_sb, name, namelen), TYPE_DIRENTRY, 3);
+
+    /* get memory for composing the entry */
+    buflen = DEH_SIZE + ROUND_UP (namelen);
+    if (buflen > sizeof (small_buf)) {
+        buffer = reiserfs_kmalloc (buflen, GFP_NOFS, dir->i_sb);
+        if (buffer == 0)
+            return -ENOMEM;
+    } else
+        buffer = small_buf;
+
+    paste_size = (get_inode_sd_version (dir) == STAT_DATA_V1) ? (DEH_SIZE + namelen) : buflen;
+
+    /* fill buffer : directory entry head, name[, dir objectid | , stat data | ,stat data, dir objectid ] */
+    deh = (struct reiserfs_de_head *)buffer;
+    deh->deh_location = 0; /* JDM Endian safe if 0 */
+    put_deh_offset( deh, cpu_key_k_offset( &entry_key ) );
+    deh->deh_state = 0; /* JDM Endian safe if 0 */
+    /* put key (ino analog) to de */
+    deh->deh_dir_id = INODE_PKEY (inode)->k_dir_id; /* safe: k_dir_id is le */
+    deh->deh_objectid = INODE_PKEY (inode)->k_objectid; /* safe: k_objectid is le */
+
+    /* copy name */
+    memcpy ((char *)(deh + 1), name, namelen);
+    /* padd by 0s to the 4 byte boundary */
+    padd_item ((char *)(deh + 1), ROUND_UP (namelen), namelen);
+
+    /* entry is ready to be pasted into tree, set 'visibility' and 'stat data in entry' attributes */
+    mark_de_without_sd (deh);
+    visible ? mark_de_visible (deh) : mark_de_hidden (deh);
+
+    /* find the proper place for the new entry */
+    memset (bit_string, 0, sizeof (bit_string));
+    de.de_gen_number_bit_string = (char *)bit_string;
+    retval = reiserfs_find_entry (dir, name, namelen, &path, &de);
+    if( retval != NAME_NOT_FOUND ) {
+        if (buffer != small_buf)
+            reiserfs_kfree (buffer, buflen, dir->i_sb);
+        pathrelse (&path);
+
+        if ( retval == IO_ERROR ) {
+            return -EIO;
+        }
+
+        if (retval != NAME_FOUND) {
+            reiserfs_warning (dir->i_sb, "zam-7002:%s: \"reiserfs_find_entry\" "
+                              "has returned unexpected value (%d)",
+                              __FUNCTION__, retval);
+       }
+
+        return -EEXIST;
+    }
+
+    gen_number = find_first_zero_bit ((unsigned long *)bit_string, MAX_GENERATION_NUMBER + 1);
+    if (gen_number > MAX_GENERATION_NUMBER) {
+      /* there is no free generation number */
+      reiserfs_warning (dir->i_sb, "reiserfs_add_entry: Congratulations! we have got hash function screwed up");
+      if (buffer != small_buf)
+          reiserfs_kfree (buffer, buflen, dir->i_sb);
+      pathrelse (&path);
+      return -EBUSY;
+    }
+    /* adjust offset of directory enrty */
+    put_deh_offset(deh, SET_GENERATION_NUMBER(deh_offset(deh), gen_number));
+    set_cpu_key_k_offset (&entry_key, deh_offset(deh));
+ 
+    /* update max-hash-collisions counter in reiserfs_sb_info */
+    PROC_INFO_MAX( th -> t_super, max_hash_collisions, gen_number );
+                  
+    if (gen_number != 0) {      /* we need to re-search for the insertion point */
+      if (search_by_entry_key (dir->i_sb, &entry_key, &path, &de) != NAME_NOT_FOUND) {
+            reiserfs_warning (dir->i_sb, "vs-7032: reiserfs_add_entry: "
+                              "entry with this key (%K) already exists",
+                              &entry_key);
+
+            if (buffer != small_buf)
+                reiserfs_kfree (buffer, buflen, dir->i_sb);
+            pathrelse (&path);
+            return -EBUSY;
+        }
+    }
+  
+    /* perform the insertion of the entry that we have prepared */
+    retval = reiserfs_paste_into_item (th, &path, &entry_key, dir, buffer, paste_size);
+    if (buffer != small_buf)
+        reiserfs_kfree (buffer, buflen, dir->i_sb);
+    if (retval) {
+        reiserfs_check_path(&path) ;
+        return retval;
+    }
+
+    dir->i_size += paste_size;
+    dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = CURRENT_TIME_SEC;
+    if (!S_ISDIR (inode->i_mode) && visible)
+        // reiserfs_mkdir or reiserfs_rename will do that by itself
+        reiserfs_update_sd (th, dir);
+
+    reiserfs_check_path(&path) ;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* quota utility function, call if you've had to abort after calling
+** new_inode_init, and have not called reiserfs_new_inode yet.
+** This should only be called on inodes that do not have stat data
+** inserted into the tree yet.
+*/
+static int drop_new_inode(struct inode *inode) {
+    DQUOT_DROP(inode);
+    make_bad_inode(inode) ;
+    inode->i_flags |= S_NOQUOTA;
+    iput(inode) ;
+    return 0 ;
+}
+
+/* utility function that does setup for reiserfs_new_inode.  
+** DQUOT_INIT needs lots of credits so it's better to have it
+** outside of a transaction, so we had to pull some bits of
+** reiserfs_new_inode out into this func.
+*/
+static int new_inode_init(struct inode *inode, struct inode *dir, int mode) {
+
+    /* the quota init calls have to know who to charge the quota to, so
+    ** we have to set uid and gid here
+    */
+    inode->i_uid = current->fsuid;
+    inode->i_mode = mode;
+
+    if (dir->i_mode & S_ISGID) {
+        inode->i_gid = dir->i_gid;
+        if (S_ISDIR(mode))
+            inode->i_mode |= S_ISGID;
+    } else {
+        inode->i_gid = current->fsgid;
+    }
+    DQUOT_INIT(inode);
+    return 0 ;
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_create (struct inode * dir, struct dentry *dentry, int mode,
+                struct nameidata *nd)
+{
+    int retval;
+    struct inode * inode;
+    /* We need blocks for transaction + (user+group)*(quotas for new inode + update of quota for directory owner) */
+    int jbegin_count = JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 2 + 2 * (REISERFS_QUOTA_INIT_BLOCKS+REISERFS_QUOTA_TRANS_BLOCKS);
+    struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th ;
+    int locked;
+
+    if (!(inode = new_inode(dir->i_sb))) {
+        return -ENOMEM ;
+    }
+    new_inode_init(inode, dir, mode);
+
+    locked = reiserfs_cache_default_acl (dir);
+
+    reiserfs_write_lock(dir->i_sb);
+
+    if (locked)
+        reiserfs_write_lock_xattrs (dir->i_sb);
+
+    retval = journal_begin(&th, dir->i_sb, jbegin_count);
+    if (retval) {
+        drop_new_inode (inode);
+        goto out_failed;
+    }
+
+    retval = reiserfs_new_inode (&th, dir, mode, 0, 0/*i_size*/, dentry, inode);
+    if (retval)
+        goto out_failed;
+        
+    if (locked) {
+        reiserfs_write_unlock_xattrs (dir->i_sb);
+        locked = 0;
+    }
+
+    inode->i_op = &reiserfs_file_inode_operations;
+    inode->i_fop = &reiserfs_file_operations;
+    inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &reiserfs_address_space_operations ;
+
+    retval = reiserfs_add_entry (&th, dir, dentry->d_name.name, dentry->d_name.len, 
+                                inode, 1/*visible*/);
+    if (retval) {
+        int err;
+        inode->i_nlink--;
+        reiserfs_update_sd (&th, inode);
+        err = journal_end(&th, dir->i_sb, jbegin_count) ;
+        if (err)
+            retval = err;
+        iput (inode);
+        goto out_failed;
+    }
+    reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode) ;
+    reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(dir) ;
+
+    d_instantiate(dentry, inode);
+    retval = journal_end(&th, dir->i_sb, jbegin_count) ;
+
+out_failed:
+    if (locked)
+        reiserfs_write_unlock_xattrs (dir->i_sb);
+    reiserfs_write_unlock(dir->i_sb);
+    return retval;
+}
+
+
+static int reiserfs_mknod (struct inode * dir, struct dentry *dentry, int mode, dev_t rdev)
+{
+    int retval;
+    struct inode * inode;
+    struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th ;
+    /* We need blocks for transaction + (user+group)*(quotas for new inode + update of quota for directory owner) */
+    int jbegin_count = JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 3 + 2 * (REISERFS_QUOTA_INIT_BLOCKS+REISERFS_QUOTA_TRANS_BLOCKS);
+    int locked;
+
+    if (!new_valid_dev(rdev))
+        return -EINVAL;
+
+    if (!(inode = new_inode(dir->i_sb))) {
+        return -ENOMEM ;
+    }
+    new_inode_init(inode, dir, mode);
+
+    locked = reiserfs_cache_default_acl (dir);
+
+    reiserfs_write_lock(dir->i_sb);
+
+    if (locked)
+        reiserfs_write_lock_xattrs (dir->i_sb);
+
+    retval = journal_begin(&th, dir->i_sb, jbegin_count) ;
+    if (retval) {
+        drop_new_inode (inode);
+        goto out_failed;
+    }
+
+    retval = reiserfs_new_inode (&th, dir, mode, NULL, 0/*i_size*/, dentry, inode);
+    if (retval) {
+        goto out_failed;
+    }
+
+    if (locked) {
+        reiserfs_write_unlock_xattrs (dir->i_sb);
+        locked = 0;
+    }
+
+
+    inode->i_op = &reiserfs_special_inode_operations;
+    init_special_inode(inode, inode->i_mode, rdev) ;
+
+    //FIXME: needed for block and char devices only
+    reiserfs_update_sd (&th, inode);
+
+    reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode) ;
+    reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(dir) ;
+
+    retval = reiserfs_add_entry (&th, dir, dentry->d_name.name, dentry->d_name.len, 
+                                 inode, 1/*visible*/);
+    if (retval) {
+        int err;
+        inode->i_nlink--;
+        reiserfs_update_sd (&th, inode);
+        err = journal_end(&th, dir->i_sb, jbegin_count) ;
+        if (err)
+            retval = err;
+        iput (inode);
+        goto out_failed;
+    }
+
+    d_instantiate(dentry, inode);
+    retval = journal_end(&th, dir->i_sb, jbegin_count) ;
+
+out_failed:
+    if (locked)
+        reiserfs_write_unlock_xattrs (dir->i_sb);
+    reiserfs_write_unlock(dir->i_sb);
+    return retval;
+}
+
+
+static int reiserfs_mkdir (struct inode * dir, struct dentry *dentry, int mode)
+{
+    int retval;
+    struct inode * inode;
+    struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th ;
+    /* We need blocks for transaction + (user+group)*(quotas for new inode + update of quota for directory owner) */
+    int jbegin_count = JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 3 + 2 * (REISERFS_QUOTA_INIT_BLOCKS+REISERFS_QUOTA_TRANS_BLOCKS);
+    int locked;
+
+#ifdef DISPLACE_NEW_PACKING_LOCALITIES
+    /* set flag that new packing locality created and new blocks for the content     * of that directory are not displaced yet */
+    REISERFS_I(dir)->new_packing_locality = 1;
+#endif
+    mode = S_IFDIR | mode;
+    if (!(inode = new_inode(dir->i_sb))) {
+        return -ENOMEM ;
+    }
+    new_inode_init(inode, dir, mode);
+
+    locked = reiserfs_cache_default_acl (dir);
+
+    reiserfs_write_lock(dir->i_sb);
+    if (locked)
+        reiserfs_write_lock_xattrs (dir->i_sb);
+
+    retval = journal_begin(&th, dir->i_sb, jbegin_count) ;
+    if (retval) {
+        drop_new_inode (inode);
+        goto out_failed;
+    }
+
+
+    /* inc the link count now, so another writer doesn't overflow it while
+    ** we sleep later on.
+    */
+    INC_DIR_INODE_NLINK(dir)
+
+    retval = reiserfs_new_inode (&th, dir, mode, NULL/*symlink*/,
+                                old_format_only (dir->i_sb) ? 
+                                EMPTY_DIR_SIZE_V1 : EMPTY_DIR_SIZE,
+                                dentry, inode);
+    if (retval) {
+        dir->i_nlink-- ;
+        goto out_failed;
+    }
+
+    if (locked) {
+        reiserfs_write_unlock_xattrs (dir->i_sb);
+        locked = 0;
+    }
+
+    reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode) ;
+    reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(dir) ;
+
+    inode->i_op = &reiserfs_dir_inode_operations;
+    inode->i_fop = &reiserfs_dir_operations;
+
+    // note, _this_ add_entry will not update dir's stat data
+    retval = reiserfs_add_entry (&th, dir, dentry->d_name.name, dentry->d_name.len, 
+                                inode, 1/*visible*/);
+    if (retval) {
+        int err;
+        inode->i_nlink = 0;
+        DEC_DIR_INODE_NLINK(dir);
+        reiserfs_update_sd (&th, inode);
+        err = journal_end(&th, dir->i_sb, jbegin_count) ;
+        if (err)
+            retval = err;
+        iput (inode);
+        goto out_failed;
+    }
+
+    // the above add_entry did not update dir's stat data
+    reiserfs_update_sd (&th, dir);
+
+    d_instantiate(dentry, inode);
+    retval = journal_end(&th, dir->i_sb, jbegin_count) ;
+out_failed:
+    if (locked)
+        reiserfs_write_unlock_xattrs (dir->i_sb);
+    reiserfs_write_unlock(dir->i_sb);
+    return retval;
+}
+
+static inline int reiserfs_empty_dir(struct inode *inode) {
+    /* we can cheat because an old format dir cannot have
+    ** EMPTY_DIR_SIZE, and a new format dir cannot have
+    ** EMPTY_DIR_SIZE_V1.  So, if the inode is either size, 
+    ** regardless of disk format version, the directory is empty.
+    */
+    if (inode->i_size != EMPTY_DIR_SIZE &&
+        inode->i_size != EMPTY_DIR_SIZE_V1) {
+        return 0 ;
+    }
+    return 1 ;
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_rmdir (struct inode * dir, struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+    int retval, err;
+    struct inode * inode;
+    struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th ;
+    int jbegin_count; 
+    INITIALIZE_PATH (path);
+    struct reiserfs_dir_entry de;
+
+
+    /* we will be doing 2 balancings and update 2 stat data, we change quotas
+     * of the owner of the directory and of the owner of the parent directory */
+    jbegin_count = JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 2 + 2 + 2 * (REISERFS_QUOTA_INIT_BLOCKS+REISERFS_QUOTA_TRANS_BLOCKS);
+
+    reiserfs_write_lock(dir->i_sb);
+    retval = journal_begin(&th, dir->i_sb, jbegin_count) ;
+    if (retval)
+        goto out_rmdir;
+
+    de.de_gen_number_bit_string = NULL;
+    if ( (retval = reiserfs_find_entry (dir, dentry->d_name.name, dentry->d_name.len, &path, &de)) == NAME_NOT_FOUND) {
+        retval = -ENOENT;
+        goto end_rmdir;
+    } else if ( retval == IO_ERROR) {
+        retval = -EIO;
+        goto end_rmdir;
+    }
+
+    inode = dentry->d_inode;
+
+    reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode) ;
+    reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(dir) ;
+
+    if (de.de_objectid != inode->i_ino) {
+        // FIXME: compare key of an object and a key found in the
+        // entry
+        retval = -EIO;
+        goto end_rmdir;
+    }
+    if (!reiserfs_empty_dir(inode)) {
+        retval = -ENOTEMPTY;
+        goto end_rmdir;
+    }
+
+    /* cut entry from dir directory */
+    retval = reiserfs_cut_from_item (&th, &path, &(de.de_entry_key), dir, 
+                                     NULL, /* page */ 
+                                     0/*new file size - not used here*/);
+    if (retval < 0)
+        goto end_rmdir;
+
+    if ( inode->i_nlink != 2 && inode->i_nlink != 1 )
+        reiserfs_warning (inode->i_sb, "%s: empty directory has nlink "
+                          "!= 2 (%d)", __FUNCTION__, inode->i_nlink);
+
+    inode->i_nlink = 0;
+    inode->i_ctime = dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = CURRENT_TIME_SEC;
+    reiserfs_update_sd (&th, inode);
+
+    DEC_DIR_INODE_NLINK(dir)
+    dir->i_size -= (DEH_SIZE + de.de_entrylen);
+    reiserfs_update_sd (&th, dir);
+
+    /* prevent empty directory from getting lost */
+    add_save_link (&th, inode, 0/* not truncate */);
+
+    retval = journal_end(&th, dir->i_sb, jbegin_count) ;
+    reiserfs_check_path(&path) ;
+out_rmdir:
+    reiserfs_write_unlock(dir->i_sb);
+    return retval;
+        
+ end_rmdir:
+    /* we must release path, because we did not call
+       reiserfs_cut_from_item, or reiserfs_cut_from_item does not
+       release path if operation was not complete */
+    pathrelse (&path);
+    err = journal_end(&th, dir->i_sb, jbegin_count) ;
+    reiserfs_write_unlock(dir->i_sb);
+    return err ? err : retval;
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_unlink (struct inode * dir, struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+    int retval, err;
+    struct inode * inode;
+    struct reiserfs_dir_entry de;
+    INITIALIZE_PATH (path);
+    struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th ;
+    int jbegin_count;
+    unsigned long savelink;
+
+    inode = dentry->d_inode;
+
+    /* in this transaction we can be doing at max two balancings and update
+       two stat datas, we change quotas of the owner of the directory and of
+       the owner of the parent directory */
+    jbegin_count = JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 2 + 2 + 2 * (REISERFS_QUOTA_INIT_BLOCKS+REISERFS_QUOTA_TRANS_BLOCKS);
+
+    reiserfs_write_lock(dir->i_sb);
+    retval = journal_begin(&th, dir->i_sb, jbegin_count) ;
+    if (retval)
+        goto out_unlink;
+        
+    de.de_gen_number_bit_string = NULL;
+    if ( (retval = reiserfs_find_entry (dir, dentry->d_name.name, dentry->d_name.len, &path, &de)) == NAME_NOT_FOUND) {
+        retval = -ENOENT;
+        goto end_unlink;
+    } else if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+        retval = -EIO;
+        goto end_unlink;
+    }
+
+    reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode) ;
+    reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(dir) ;
+
+    if (de.de_objectid != inode->i_ino) {
+        // FIXME: compare key of an object and a key found in the
+        // entry
+        retval = -EIO;
+        goto end_unlink;
+    }
+  
+    if (!inode->i_nlink) {
+        reiserfs_warning (inode->i_sb, "%s: deleting nonexistent file "
+                          "(%s:%lu), %d", __FUNCTION__,
+                          reiserfs_bdevname (inode->i_sb), inode->i_ino,
+                          inode->i_nlink);
+        inode->i_nlink = 1;
+    }
+
+    inode->i_nlink--;
+
+    /*
+     * we schedule before doing the add_save_link call, save the link
+     * count so we don't race
+     */
+    savelink = inode->i_nlink;
+
+
+    retval = reiserfs_cut_from_item (&th, &path, &(de.de_entry_key), dir, NULL, 0);
+    if (retval < 0) {
+        inode->i_nlink++;
+        goto end_unlink;
+    }
+    inode->i_ctime = CURRENT_TIME_SEC;
+    reiserfs_update_sd (&th, inode);
+
+    dir->i_size -= (de.de_entrylen + DEH_SIZE);
+    dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = CURRENT_TIME_SEC;
+    reiserfs_update_sd (&th, dir);
+
+    if (!savelink)
+       /* prevent file from getting lost */
+       add_save_link (&th, inode, 0/* not truncate */);
+
+    retval = journal_end(&th, dir->i_sb, jbegin_count) ;
+    reiserfs_check_path(&path) ;
+    reiserfs_write_unlock(dir->i_sb);
+    return retval;
+
+ end_unlink:
+    pathrelse (&path);
+    err = journal_end(&th, dir->i_sb, jbegin_count) ;
+    reiserfs_check_path(&path) ;
+    if (err)
+        retval = err;
+out_unlink:
+    reiserfs_write_unlock(dir->i_sb);
+    return retval;
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_symlink (struct inode * parent_dir, 
+                            struct dentry * dentry, const char * symname)
+{
+    int retval;
+    struct inode * inode;
+    char * name;
+    int item_len;
+    struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th ;
+    int mode = S_IFLNK | S_IRWXUGO;
+    /* We need blocks for transaction + (user+group)*(quotas for new inode + update of quota for directory owner) */
+    int jbegin_count = JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 3 + 2 * (REISERFS_QUOTA_INIT_BLOCKS+REISERFS_QUOTA_TRANS_BLOCKS);
+
+    if (!(inode = new_inode(parent_dir->i_sb))) {
+        return -ENOMEM ;
+    }
+    new_inode_init(inode, parent_dir, mode);
+
+    reiserfs_write_lock(parent_dir->i_sb);
+    item_len = ROUND_UP (strlen (symname));
+    if (item_len > MAX_DIRECT_ITEM_LEN (parent_dir->i_sb->s_blocksize)) {
+        retval =  -ENAMETOOLONG;
+        drop_new_inode(inode);
+        goto out_failed;
+    }
+  
+    name = reiserfs_kmalloc (item_len, GFP_NOFS, parent_dir->i_sb);
+    if (!name) {
+        drop_new_inode(inode);
+        retval =  -ENOMEM;
+        goto out_failed;
+    }
+    memcpy (name, symname, strlen (symname));
+    padd_item (name, item_len, strlen (symname));
+
+    /* We would inherit the default ACL here, but symlinks don't get ACLs */
+
+    retval = journal_begin(&th, parent_dir->i_sb, jbegin_count) ;
+    if (retval) {
+        drop_new_inode (inode);
+        reiserfs_kfree (name, item_len, parent_dir->i_sb);
+        goto out_failed;
+    }
+
+    retval = reiserfs_new_inode (&th, parent_dir, mode, name, strlen (symname), 
+                                 dentry, inode);
+    reiserfs_kfree (name, item_len, parent_dir->i_sb);
+    if (retval) { /* reiserfs_new_inode iputs for us */
+        goto out_failed;
+    }
+
+    reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode) ;
+    reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(parent_dir) ;
+
+    inode->i_op = &reiserfs_symlink_inode_operations;
+    inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &reiserfs_address_space_operations;
+
+    // must be sure this inode is written with this transaction
+    //
+    //reiserfs_update_sd (&th, inode, READ_BLOCKS);
+
+    retval = reiserfs_add_entry (&th, parent_dir, dentry->d_name.name, 
+                                 dentry->d_name.len, inode, 1/*visible*/);
+    if (retval) {
+        int err;
+        inode->i_nlink--;
+        reiserfs_update_sd (&th, inode);
+        err = journal_end(&th, parent_dir->i_sb, jbegin_count) ;
+        if (err)
+            retval = err;
+        iput (inode);
+        goto out_failed;
+    }
+
+    d_instantiate(dentry, inode);
+    retval = journal_end(&th, parent_dir->i_sb, jbegin_count) ;
+out_failed:
+    reiserfs_write_unlock(parent_dir->i_sb);
+    return retval;
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_link (struct dentry * old_dentry, struct inode * dir, struct dentry * dentry)
+{
+    int retval;
+    struct inode *inode = old_dentry->d_inode;
+    struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th ;
+    /* We need blocks for transaction + update of quotas for the owners of the directory */
+    int jbegin_count = JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 3 + 2 * REISERFS_QUOTA_TRANS_BLOCKS;
+
+    reiserfs_write_lock(dir->i_sb);
+    if (inode->i_nlink >= REISERFS_LINK_MAX) {
+        //FIXME: sd_nlink is 32 bit for new files
+        reiserfs_write_unlock(dir->i_sb);
+        return -EMLINK;
+    }
+    if (inode->i_nlink == 0) {
+        reiserfs_write_unlock(dir->i_sb);
+        return -ENOENT;
+    }
+
+    /* inc before scheduling so reiserfs_unlink knows we are here */
+    inode->i_nlink++;
+
+    retval = journal_begin(&th, dir->i_sb, jbegin_count) ;
+    if (retval) {
+        inode->i_nlink--;
+        reiserfs_write_unlock (dir->i_sb);
+        return retval;
+    }
+
+    /* create new entry */
+    retval = reiserfs_add_entry (&th, dir, dentry->d_name.name, dentry->d_name.len,
+                                 inode, 1/*visible*/);
+
+    reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode) ;
+    reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(dir) ;
+
+    if (retval) {
+        int err;
+        inode->i_nlink--;
+        err = journal_end(&th, dir->i_sb, jbegin_count) ;
+        reiserfs_write_unlock(dir->i_sb);
+        return err ? err : retval;
+    }
+
+    inode->i_ctime = CURRENT_TIME_SEC;
+    reiserfs_update_sd (&th, inode);
+
+    atomic_inc(&inode->i_count) ;
+    d_instantiate(dentry, inode);
+    retval = journal_end(&th, dir->i_sb, jbegin_count) ;
+    reiserfs_write_unlock(dir->i_sb);
+    return retval;
+}
+
+
+// de contains information pointing to an entry which 
+static int de_still_valid (const char * name, int len, struct reiserfs_dir_entry * de)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_dir_entry tmp = *de;
+    
+    // recalculate pointer to name and name length
+    set_de_name_and_namelen (&tmp);
+    // FIXME: could check more
+    if (tmp.de_namelen != len || memcmp (name, de->de_name, len))
+        return 0;
+    return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int entry_points_to_object (const char * name, int len, struct reiserfs_dir_entry * de, struct inode * inode)
+{
+    if (!de_still_valid (name, len, de))
+        return 0;
+
+    if (inode) {
+        if (!de_visible (de->de_deh + de->de_entry_num))
+            reiserfs_panic (NULL, "vs-7042: entry_points_to_object: entry must be visible");
+        return (de->de_objectid == inode->i_ino) ? 1 : 0;
+    }
+
+    /* this must be added hidden entry */
+    if (de_visible (de->de_deh + de->de_entry_num))
+        reiserfs_panic (NULL, "vs-7043: entry_points_to_object: entry must be visible");
+
+    return 1;
+}
+
+
+/* sets key of objectid the entry has to point to */
+static void set_ino_in_dir_entry (struct reiserfs_dir_entry * de, struct reiserfs_key * key)
+{
+    /* JDM These operations are endian safe - both are le */
+    de->de_deh[de->de_entry_num].deh_dir_id = key->k_dir_id;
+    de->de_deh[de->de_entry_num].deh_objectid = key->k_objectid;
+}
+
+
+/* 
+ * process, that is going to call fix_nodes/do_balance must hold only
+ * one path. If it holds 2 or more, it can get into endless waiting in
+ * get_empty_nodes or its clones 
+ */
+static int reiserfs_rename (struct inode * old_dir, struct dentry *old_dentry,
+                            struct inode * new_dir, struct dentry *new_dentry)
+{
+    int retval;
+    INITIALIZE_PATH (old_entry_path);
+    INITIALIZE_PATH (new_entry_path);
+    INITIALIZE_PATH (dot_dot_entry_path);
+    struct item_head new_entry_ih, old_entry_ih, dot_dot_ih ;
+    struct reiserfs_dir_entry old_de, new_de, dot_dot_de;
+    struct inode * old_inode, * new_dentry_inode;
+    struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th ;
+    int jbegin_count ; 
+    umode_t old_inode_mode;
+    unsigned long savelink = 1;
+    struct timespec ctime;
+
+    /* three balancings: (1) old name removal, (2) new name insertion
+       and (3) maybe "save" link insertion
+       stat data updates: (1) old directory,
+       (2) new directory and (3) maybe old object stat data (when it is
+       directory) and (4) maybe stat data of object to which new entry
+       pointed initially and (5) maybe block containing ".." of
+       renamed directory
+       quota updates: two parent directories */
+    jbegin_count = JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 3 + 5 + 4 * REISERFS_QUOTA_TRANS_BLOCKS;
+
+    old_inode = old_dentry->d_inode;
+    new_dentry_inode = new_dentry->d_inode;
+
+    // make sure, that oldname still exists and points to an object we
+    // are going to rename
+    old_de.de_gen_number_bit_string = NULL;
+    reiserfs_write_lock(old_dir->i_sb);
+    retval = reiserfs_find_entry (old_dir, old_dentry->d_name.name, old_dentry->d_name.len,
+                                  &old_entry_path, &old_de);
+    pathrelse (&old_entry_path);
+    if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+        reiserfs_write_unlock(old_dir->i_sb);
+        return -EIO;
+    }
+
+    if (retval != NAME_FOUND || old_de.de_objectid != old_inode->i_ino) {
+        reiserfs_write_unlock(old_dir->i_sb);
+        return -ENOENT;
+    }
+
+    old_inode_mode = old_inode->i_mode;
+    if (S_ISDIR(old_inode_mode)) {
+        // make sure, that directory being renamed has correct ".." 
+        // and that its new parent directory has not too many links
+        // already
+
+        if (new_dentry_inode) {
+            if (!reiserfs_empty_dir(new_dentry_inode)) {
+                reiserfs_write_unlock(old_dir->i_sb);
+                return -ENOTEMPTY;
+            }
+        }
+        
+        /* directory is renamed, its parent directory will be changed, 
+        ** so find ".." entry 
+        */
+        dot_dot_de.de_gen_number_bit_string = NULL;
+        retval = reiserfs_find_entry (old_inode, "..", 2, &dot_dot_entry_path, &dot_dot_de);
+        pathrelse (&dot_dot_entry_path);
+        if (retval != NAME_FOUND) {
+            reiserfs_write_unlock(old_dir->i_sb);
+            return -EIO;
+        }
+
+        /* inode number of .. must equal old_dir->i_ino */
+        if (dot_dot_de.de_objectid != old_dir->i_ino) {
+            reiserfs_write_unlock(old_dir->i_sb);
+            return -EIO;
+        }
+    }
+
+    retval = journal_begin(&th, old_dir->i_sb, jbegin_count) ;
+    if (retval) {
+        reiserfs_write_unlock (old_dir->i_sb);
+        return retval;
+    }
+
+    /* add new entry (or find the existing one) */
+    retval = reiserfs_add_entry (&th, new_dir, new_dentry->d_name.name, new_dentry->d_name.len, 
+                                 old_inode, 0);
+    if (retval == -EEXIST) {
+        if (!new_dentry_inode) {
+            reiserfs_panic (old_dir->i_sb,
+                            "vs-7050: new entry is found, new inode == 0\n");
+        }
+    } else if (retval) {
+        int err = journal_end(&th, old_dir->i_sb, jbegin_count) ;
+        reiserfs_write_unlock(old_dir->i_sb);
+        return err ? err : retval;
+    }
+
+    reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(old_dir) ;
+    reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(new_dir) ;
+
+    /* this makes it so an fsync on an open fd for the old name will
+    ** commit the rename operation
+    */
+    reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(old_inode) ;
+
+    if (new_dentry_inode) 
+        reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(new_dentry_inode) ;
+
+    while (1) {
+        // look for old name using corresponding entry key (found by reiserfs_find_entry)
+        if ((retval = search_by_entry_key (new_dir->i_sb, &old_de.de_entry_key,
+                                           &old_entry_path, &old_de)) != NAME_FOUND) {
+            pathrelse(&old_entry_path);
+            journal_end(&th, old_dir->i_sb, jbegin_count);
+            reiserfs_write_unlock(old_dir->i_sb);
+            return -EIO;
+        }
+
+        copy_item_head(&old_entry_ih, get_ih(&old_entry_path)) ;
+
+        reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(old_inode->i_sb, old_de.de_bh, 1) ;
+
+        // look for new name by reiserfs_find_entry
+        new_de.de_gen_number_bit_string = NULL;
+        retval = reiserfs_find_entry (new_dir, new_dentry->d_name.name, new_dentry->d_name.len, 
+                                      &new_entry_path, &new_de);
+        // reiserfs_add_entry should not return IO_ERROR, because it is called with essentially same parameters from
+        // reiserfs_add_entry above, and we'll catch any i/o errors before we get here.
+        if (retval != NAME_FOUND_INVISIBLE && retval != NAME_FOUND) {
+            pathrelse(&new_entry_path);
+            pathrelse(&old_entry_path);
+            journal_end(&th, old_dir->i_sb, jbegin_count);
+            reiserfs_write_unlock(old_dir->i_sb);
+            return -EIO;
+        }
+
+        copy_item_head(&new_entry_ih, get_ih(&new_entry_path)) ;
+
+        reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(old_inode->i_sb, new_de.de_bh, 1) ;
+
+        if (S_ISDIR(old_inode->i_mode)) {
+            if ((retval = search_by_entry_key (new_dir->i_sb, &dot_dot_de.de_entry_key,
+                                               &dot_dot_entry_path, &dot_dot_de)) != NAME_FOUND) {
+                pathrelse(&dot_dot_entry_path);
+                pathrelse(&new_entry_path);
+                pathrelse(&old_entry_path);
+                journal_end(&th, old_dir->i_sb, jbegin_count);
+                reiserfs_write_unlock(old_dir->i_sb);
+                return -EIO;
+            }
+            copy_item_head(&dot_dot_ih, get_ih(&dot_dot_entry_path)) ;
+            // node containing ".." gets into transaction
+            reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(old_inode->i_sb, dot_dot_de.de_bh, 1) ;
+        }
+                                /* we should check seals here, not do
+                                   this stuff, yes? Then, having
+                                   gathered everything into RAM we
+                                   should lock the buffers, yes?  -Hans */
+                                /* probably.  our rename needs to hold more 
+                                ** than one path at once.  The seals would 
+                                ** have to be written to deal with multi-path 
+                                ** issues -chris
+                                */
+        /* sanity checking before doing the rename - avoid races many
+        ** of the above checks could have scheduled.  We have to be
+        ** sure our items haven't been shifted by another process.
+        */
+        if (item_moved(&new_entry_ih, &new_entry_path) ||
+            !entry_points_to_object(new_dentry->d_name.name, 
+                                    new_dentry->d_name.len,
+                                    &new_de, new_dentry_inode) ||
+            item_moved(&old_entry_ih, &old_entry_path) || 
+            !entry_points_to_object (old_dentry->d_name.name, 
+                                     old_dentry->d_name.len,
+                                     &old_de, old_inode)) {
+            reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer (old_inode->i_sb, new_de.de_bh);
+            reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer (old_inode->i_sb, old_de.de_bh);
+            if (S_ISDIR(old_inode_mode))
+                reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer (old_inode->i_sb, dot_dot_de.de_bh);
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (S_ISDIR(old_inode_mode)) {
+            if ( item_moved(&dot_dot_ih, &dot_dot_entry_path) ||
+                !entry_points_to_object ( "..", 2, &dot_dot_de, old_dir) ) {
+                reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer (old_inode->i_sb, old_de.de_bh);
+                reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer (old_inode->i_sb, new_de.de_bh);
+                reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer (old_inode->i_sb, dot_dot_de.de_bh);
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+
+        RFALSE( S_ISDIR(old_inode_mode) && 
+                 !buffer_journal_prepared(dot_dot_de.de_bh), "" );
+
+        break;
+    }
+
+    /* ok, all the changes can be done in one fell swoop when we
+       have claimed all the buffers needed.*/
+    
+    mark_de_visible (new_de.de_deh + new_de.de_entry_num);
+    set_ino_in_dir_entry (&new_de, INODE_PKEY (old_inode));
+    journal_mark_dirty (&th, old_dir->i_sb, new_de.de_bh);
+
+    mark_de_hidden (old_de.de_deh + old_de.de_entry_num);
+    journal_mark_dirty (&th, old_dir->i_sb, old_de.de_bh);
+    ctime = CURRENT_TIME_SEC;
+    old_dir->i_ctime = old_dir->i_mtime = ctime;
+    new_dir->i_ctime = new_dir->i_mtime = ctime;
+    /* thanks to Alex Adriaanse <alex_a@caltech.edu> for patch which adds ctime update of
+       renamed object */
+    old_inode->i_ctime = ctime;
+
+    if (new_dentry_inode) {
+        // adjust link number of the victim
+        if (S_ISDIR(new_dentry_inode->i_mode)) {
+            new_dentry_inode->i_nlink  = 0;
+        } else {
+            new_dentry_inode->i_nlink--;
+        }
+        new_dentry_inode->i_ctime = ctime;
+        savelink = new_dentry_inode->i_nlink;
+    }
+
+    if (S_ISDIR(old_inode_mode)) {
+        // adjust ".." of renamed directory 
+        set_ino_in_dir_entry (&dot_dot_de, INODE_PKEY (new_dir));
+        journal_mark_dirty (&th, new_dir->i_sb, dot_dot_de.de_bh);
+        
+        if (!new_dentry_inode)
+            /* there (in new_dir) was no directory, so it got new link
+               (".."  of renamed directory) */
+            INC_DIR_INODE_NLINK(new_dir);
+                
+        /* old directory lost one link - ".. " of renamed directory */
+        DEC_DIR_INODE_NLINK(old_dir);
+    }
+
+    // looks like in 2.3.99pre3 brelse is atomic. so we can use pathrelse
+    pathrelse (&new_entry_path);
+    pathrelse (&dot_dot_entry_path);
+
+    // FIXME: this reiserfs_cut_from_item's return value may screw up
+    // anybody, but it will panic if will not be able to find the
+    // entry. This needs one more clean up
+    if (reiserfs_cut_from_item (&th, &old_entry_path, &(old_de.de_entry_key), old_dir, NULL, 0) < 0)
+        reiserfs_warning (old_dir->i_sb, "vs-7060: reiserfs_rename: couldn't not cut old name. Fsck later?");
+
+    old_dir->i_size -= DEH_SIZE + old_de.de_entrylen;
+
+    reiserfs_update_sd (&th, old_dir);
+    reiserfs_update_sd (&th, new_dir);
+    reiserfs_update_sd (&th, old_inode);
+
+    if (new_dentry_inode) {
+        if (savelink == 0)
+            add_save_link (&th, new_dentry_inode, 0/* not truncate */);
+        reiserfs_update_sd (&th, new_dentry_inode);
+    }
+
+    retval = journal_end(&th, old_dir->i_sb, jbegin_count) ;
+    reiserfs_write_unlock(old_dir->i_sb);
+    return retval;
+}
+
+/*
+ * directories can handle most operations...
+ */
+struct inode_operations reiserfs_dir_inode_operations = {
+  //&reiserfs_dir_operations,   /* default_file_ops */
+    .create     = reiserfs_create,
+    .lookup     = reiserfs_lookup,
+    .link       = reiserfs_link,
+    .unlink     = reiserfs_unlink,
+    .symlink    = reiserfs_symlink,
+    .mkdir      = reiserfs_mkdir,
+    .rmdir      = reiserfs_rmdir,
+    .mknod      = reiserfs_mknod,
+    .rename     = reiserfs_rename,
+    .setattr    = reiserfs_setattr,
+    .setxattr   = reiserfs_setxattr,
+    .getxattr   = reiserfs_getxattr,
+    .listxattr  = reiserfs_listxattr,
+    .removexattr = reiserfs_removexattr,
+    .permission     = reiserfs_permission,
+};
+
+/*
+ * symlink operations.. same as page_symlink_inode_operations, with xattr
+ * stuff added
+ */
+struct inode_operations reiserfs_symlink_inode_operations = {
+    .readlink       = generic_readlink,
+    .follow_link    = page_follow_link_light,
+    .put_link       = page_put_link,
+    .setattr        = reiserfs_setattr,
+    .setxattr       = reiserfs_setxattr,
+    .getxattr       = reiserfs_getxattr,
+    .listxattr      = reiserfs_listxattr,
+    .removexattr    = reiserfs_removexattr,
+    .permission     = reiserfs_permission,
+
+};
+
+
+/*
+ * special file operations.. just xattr/acl stuff
+ */
+struct inode_operations reiserfs_special_inode_operations = {
+    .setattr        = reiserfs_setattr,
+    .setxattr       = reiserfs_setxattr,
+    .getxattr       = reiserfs_getxattr,
+    .listxattr      = reiserfs_listxattr,
+    .removexattr    = reiserfs_removexattr,
+    .permission     = reiserfs_permission,
+
+};
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/objectid.c b/fs/reiserfs/objectid.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..0785c43a7486
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/objectid.c
@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, licensing governed by reiserfs/README
+ */
+
+#include <linux/config.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <linux/random.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_fs.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_fs_sb.h>
+
+// find where objectid map starts
+#define objectid_map(s,rs) (old_format_only (s) ? \
+                         (__u32 *)((struct reiserfs_super_block_v1 *)(rs) + 1) :\
+                         (__u32 *)((rs) + 1))
+
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+
+static void check_objectid_map (struct super_block * s, __u32 * map)
+{
+    if (le32_to_cpu (map[0]) != 1)
+        reiserfs_panic (s, "vs-15010: check_objectid_map: map corrupted: %lx",
+                        ( long unsigned int ) le32_to_cpu (map[0]));
+
+    // FIXME: add something else here
+}
+
+#else
+static void check_objectid_map (struct super_block * s, __u32 * map)
+{;}
+#endif
+
+
+/* When we allocate objectids we allocate the first unused objectid.
+   Each sequence of objectids in use (the odd sequences) is followed
+   by a sequence of objectids not in use (the even sequences).  We
+   only need to record the last objectid in each of these sequences
+   (both the odd and even sequences) in order to fully define the
+   boundaries of the sequences.  A consequence of allocating the first
+   objectid not in use is that under most conditions this scheme is
+   extremely compact.  The exception is immediately after a sequence
+   of operations which deletes a large number of objects of
+   non-sequential objectids, and even then it will become compact
+   again as soon as more objects are created.  Note that many
+   interesting optimizations of layout could result from complicating
+   objectid assignment, but we have deferred making them for now. */
+
+
+/* get unique object identifier */
+__u32 reiserfs_get_unused_objectid (struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th)
+{
+    struct super_block * s = th->t_super;
+    struct reiserfs_super_block * rs = SB_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK (s);
+    __u32 * map = objectid_map (s, rs);
+    __u32 unused_objectid;
+
+    BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+
+    check_objectid_map (s, map);
+
+    reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(s, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s), 1) ;
+                                /* comment needed -Hans */
+    unused_objectid = le32_to_cpu (map[1]);
+    if (unused_objectid == U32_MAX) {
+        reiserfs_warning (s, "%s: no more object ids", __FUNCTION__);
+        reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(s, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s)) ;
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    /* This incrementation allocates the first unused objectid. That
+       is to say, the first entry on the objectid map is the first
+       unused objectid, and by incrementing it we use it.  See below
+       where we check to see if we eliminated a sequence of unused
+       objectids.... */
+    map[1] = cpu_to_le32 (unused_objectid + 1);
+
+    /* Now we check to see if we eliminated the last remaining member of
+       the first even sequence (and can eliminate the sequence by
+       eliminating its last objectid from oids), and can collapse the
+       first two odd sequences into one sequence.  If so, then the net
+       result is to eliminate a pair of objectids from oids.  We do this
+       by shifting the entire map to the left. */
+    if (sb_oid_cursize(rs) > 2 && map[1] == map[2]) {
+        memmove (map + 1, map + 3, (sb_oid_cursize(rs) - 3) * sizeof(__u32));
+        set_sb_oid_cursize( rs, sb_oid_cursize(rs) - 2 );
+    }
+
+    journal_mark_dirty(th, s, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB (s));
+    return unused_objectid;
+}
+
+
+/* makes object identifier unused */
+void reiserfs_release_objectid (struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, 
+                                __u32 objectid_to_release)
+{
+    struct super_block * s = th->t_super;
+    struct reiserfs_super_block * rs = SB_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK (s);
+    __u32 * map = objectid_map (s, rs);
+    int i = 0;
+
+    BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+    //return;
+    check_objectid_map (s, map);
+
+    reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(s, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s), 1) ;
+    journal_mark_dirty(th, s, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB (s)); 
+
+    /* start at the beginning of the objectid map (i = 0) and go to
+       the end of it (i = disk_sb->s_oid_cursize).  Linear search is
+       what we use, though it is possible that binary search would be
+       more efficient after performing lots of deletions (which is
+       when oids is large.)  We only check even i's. */
+    while (i < sb_oid_cursize(rs)) {
+        if (objectid_to_release == le32_to_cpu (map[i])) {
+            /* This incrementation unallocates the objectid. */
+            //map[i]++;
+            map[i] = cpu_to_le32 (le32_to_cpu (map[i]) + 1);
+
+            /* Did we unallocate the last member of an odd sequence, and can shrink oids? */
+            if (map[i] == map[i+1]) {
+                /* shrink objectid map */
+                memmove (map + i, map + i + 2, 
+                         (sb_oid_cursize(rs) - i - 2) * sizeof (__u32));
+                //disk_sb->s_oid_cursize -= 2;
+                set_sb_oid_cursize( rs, sb_oid_cursize(rs) - 2 );
+
+                RFALSE( sb_oid_cursize(rs) < 2 || 
+                        sb_oid_cursize(rs) > sb_oid_maxsize(rs),
+                        "vs-15005: objectid map corrupted cur_size == %d (max == %d)",
+                        sb_oid_cursize(rs), sb_oid_maxsize(rs));
+            }
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if (objectid_to_release > le32_to_cpu (map[i]) && 
+            objectid_to_release < le32_to_cpu (map[i + 1])) {
+            /* size of objectid map is not changed */
+            if (objectid_to_release + 1 == le32_to_cpu (map[i + 1])) {
+                //objectid_map[i+1]--;
+                map[i + 1] = cpu_to_le32 (le32_to_cpu (map[i + 1]) - 1);
+                return;
+            }
+
+            /* JDM comparing two little-endian values for equality -- safe */
+        if (sb_oid_cursize(rs) == sb_oid_maxsize(rs)) {
+                /* objectid map must be expanded, but there is no space */
+                PROC_INFO_INC( s, leaked_oid );
+                return;
+        }
+
+            /* expand the objectid map*/
+            memmove (map + i + 3, map + i + 1, 
+                     (sb_oid_cursize(rs) - i - 1) * sizeof(__u32));
+            map[i + 1] = cpu_to_le32 (objectid_to_release);
+            map[i + 2] = cpu_to_le32 (objectid_to_release + 1);
+            set_sb_oid_cursize( rs, sb_oid_cursize(rs) + 2 );
+            return;
+        }
+        i += 2;
+    }
+
+    reiserfs_warning (s, "vs-15011: reiserfs_release_objectid: tried to free free object id (%lu)",
+                      ( long unsigned ) objectid_to_release);
+}
+
+
+int reiserfs_convert_objectid_map_v1(struct super_block *s) {
+    struct reiserfs_super_block *disk_sb = SB_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK (s);
+    int cur_size = sb_oid_cursize(disk_sb);
+    int new_size = (s->s_blocksize - SB_SIZE) / sizeof(__u32) / 2 * 2 ;
+    int old_max = sb_oid_maxsize(disk_sb);
+    struct reiserfs_super_block_v1 *disk_sb_v1 ;
+    __u32 *objectid_map, *new_objectid_map ;
+    int i ;
+
+    disk_sb_v1=(struct reiserfs_super_block_v1 *)(SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s)->b_data);
+    objectid_map = (__u32 *)(disk_sb_v1 + 1) ;
+    new_objectid_map = (__u32 *)(disk_sb + 1) ;
+
+    if (cur_size > new_size) {
+        /* mark everyone used that was listed as free at the end of the objectid
+        ** map 
+        */
+        objectid_map[new_size - 1] = objectid_map[cur_size - 1] ;
+        set_sb_oid_cursize(disk_sb,new_size) ;
+    }
+    /* move the smaller objectid map past the end of the new super */
+    for (i = new_size - 1 ; i >= 0 ; i--) {
+        objectid_map[i + (old_max - new_size)] = objectid_map[i] ; 
+    }
+
+
+    /* set the max size so we don't overflow later */
+    set_sb_oid_maxsize(disk_sb,new_size) ;
+
+    /* Zero out label and generate random UUID */
+    memset(disk_sb->s_label, 0, sizeof(disk_sb->s_label)) ;
+    generate_random_uuid(disk_sb->s_uuid);
+
+    /* finally, zero out the unused chunk of the new super */
+    memset(disk_sb->s_unused, 0, sizeof(disk_sb->s_unused)) ;
+    return 0 ;
+}
+
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/prints.c b/fs/reiserfs/prints.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..16fdca1d4bd7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/prints.c
@@ -0,0 +1,727 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, licensing governed by reiserfs/README
+ */
+
+#include <linux/config.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_fs.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+
+#include <stdarg.h>
+
+static char error_buf[1024];
+static char fmt_buf[1024];
+static char off_buf[80];
+
+
+static char * reiserfs_cpu_offset (struct cpu_key * key)
+{
+  if (cpu_key_k_type(key) == TYPE_DIRENTRY)
+    sprintf (off_buf, "%Lu(%Lu)", 
+             (unsigned long long)GET_HASH_VALUE (cpu_key_k_offset (key)),
+             (unsigned long long)GET_GENERATION_NUMBER (cpu_key_k_offset (key)));
+  else
+    sprintf (off_buf, "0x%Lx", (unsigned long long)cpu_key_k_offset (key));
+  return off_buf;
+}
+
+
+static char * le_offset (struct reiserfs_key * key)
+{
+  int version;
+
+  version = le_key_version (key);
+  if (le_key_k_type (version, key) == TYPE_DIRENTRY)
+    sprintf (off_buf, "%Lu(%Lu)", 
+             (unsigned long long)GET_HASH_VALUE (le_key_k_offset (version, key)),
+             (unsigned long long)GET_GENERATION_NUMBER (le_key_k_offset (version, key)));
+  else
+    sprintf (off_buf, "0x%Lx", (unsigned long long)le_key_k_offset (version, key));
+  return off_buf;
+}
+
+
+static char * cpu_type (struct cpu_key * key)
+{
+    if (cpu_key_k_type (key) == TYPE_STAT_DATA)
+        return "SD";
+    if (cpu_key_k_type (key) == TYPE_DIRENTRY)
+        return "DIR";
+    if (cpu_key_k_type (key) == TYPE_DIRECT)
+        return "DIRECT";
+    if (cpu_key_k_type (key) == TYPE_INDIRECT)
+        return "IND";
+    return "UNKNOWN";
+}
+
+
+static char * le_type (struct reiserfs_key * key)
+{
+    int version;
+    
+    version = le_key_version (key);
+
+    if (le_key_k_type (version, key) == TYPE_STAT_DATA)
+        return "SD";
+    if (le_key_k_type (version, key) == TYPE_DIRENTRY)
+        return "DIR";
+    if (le_key_k_type (version, key) == TYPE_DIRECT)
+        return "DIRECT";
+    if (le_key_k_type (version, key) == TYPE_INDIRECT)
+        return "IND";
+    return "UNKNOWN";
+}
+
+
+/* %k */
+static void sprintf_le_key (char * buf, struct reiserfs_key * key)
+{
+  if (key)
+    sprintf (buf, "[%d %d %s %s]", le32_to_cpu (key->k_dir_id),
+             le32_to_cpu (key->k_objectid), le_offset (key), le_type (key));
+  else
+    sprintf (buf, "[NULL]");
+}
+
+
+/* %K */
+static void sprintf_cpu_key (char * buf, struct cpu_key * key)
+{
+  if (key)
+    sprintf (buf, "[%d %d %s %s]", key->on_disk_key.k_dir_id,
+             key->on_disk_key.k_objectid, reiserfs_cpu_offset (key),
+             cpu_type (key));
+  else
+    sprintf (buf, "[NULL]");
+}
+
+static void sprintf_de_head( char *buf, struct reiserfs_de_head *deh )
+{
+    if( deh )
+        sprintf( buf, "[offset=%d dir_id=%d objectid=%d location=%d state=%04x]", deh_offset(deh), deh_dir_id(deh),
+                 deh_objectid(deh), deh_location(deh), deh_state(deh) );
+    else
+        sprintf( buf, "[NULL]" );
+
+}
+
+static void sprintf_item_head (char * buf, struct item_head * ih)
+{
+    if (ih) {
+        strcpy (buf, (ih_version (ih) == KEY_FORMAT_3_6) ? "*3.6* " : "*3.5*");
+        sprintf_le_key (buf + strlen (buf), &(ih->ih_key));
+        sprintf (buf + strlen (buf), ", item_len %d, item_location %d, "
+                 "free_space(entry_count) %d",
+                 ih_item_len(ih), ih_location(ih), ih_free_space (ih));
+    } else
+        sprintf (buf, "[NULL]");
+}
+
+
+static void sprintf_direntry (char * buf, struct reiserfs_dir_entry * de)
+{
+  char name[20];
+
+  memcpy (name, de->de_name, de->de_namelen > 19 ? 19 : de->de_namelen);
+  name [de->de_namelen > 19 ? 19 : de->de_namelen] = 0;
+  sprintf (buf, "\"%s\"==>[%d %d]", name, de->de_dir_id, de->de_objectid);
+}
+
+
+static void sprintf_block_head (char * buf, struct buffer_head * bh)
+{
+  sprintf (buf, "level=%d, nr_items=%d, free_space=%d rdkey ",
+           B_LEVEL (bh), B_NR_ITEMS (bh), B_FREE_SPACE (bh));
+}
+
+
+static void sprintf_buffer_head (char * buf, struct buffer_head * bh) 
+{
+  char b[BDEVNAME_SIZE];
+
+  sprintf (buf, "dev %s, size %d, blocknr %llu, count %d, state 0x%lx, page %p, (%s, %s, %s)",
+           bdevname (bh->b_bdev, b), bh->b_size,
+           (unsigned long long)bh->b_blocknr,
+           atomic_read (&(bh->b_count)),
+           bh->b_state, bh->b_page,
+           buffer_uptodate (bh) ? "UPTODATE" : "!UPTODATE",
+           buffer_dirty (bh) ? "DIRTY" : "CLEAN",
+           buffer_locked (bh) ? "LOCKED" : "UNLOCKED");
+}
+
+
+static void sprintf_disk_child (char * buf, struct disk_child * dc)
+{
+  sprintf (buf, "[dc_number=%d, dc_size=%u]", dc_block_number(dc), dc_size(dc));
+}
+
+
+static char * is_there_reiserfs_struct (char * fmt, int * what, int * skip)
+{
+  char * k = fmt;
+
+  *skip = 0;
+  
+  while ((k = strchr (k, '%')) != NULL)
+  {
+    if (k[1] == 'k' || k[1] == 'K' || k[1] == 'h' || k[1] == 't' ||
+              k[1] == 'z' || k[1] == 'b' || k[1] == 'y' || k[1] == 'a' ) {
+      *what = k[1];
+      break;
+    }
+    (*skip) ++;
+    k ++;
+  }
+  return k;
+}
+
+
+/* debugging reiserfs we used to print out a lot of different
+   variables, like keys, item headers, buffer heads etc. Values of
+   most fields matter. So it took a long time just to write
+   appropriative printk. With this reiserfs_warning you can use format
+   specification for complex structures like you used to do with
+   printfs for integers, doubles and pointers. For instance, to print
+   out key structure you have to write just: 
+   reiserfs_warning ("bad key %k", key); 
+   instead of 
+   printk ("bad key %lu %lu %lu %lu", key->k_dir_id, key->k_objectid, 
+           key->k_offset, key->k_uniqueness); 
+*/
+
+
+static void
+prepare_error_buf( const char *fmt, va_list args )
+{
+    char * fmt1 = fmt_buf;
+    char * k;
+    char * p = error_buf;
+    int i, j, what, skip;
+
+    strcpy (fmt1, fmt);
+
+    while( (k = is_there_reiserfs_struct( fmt1, &what, &skip )) != NULL )
+    {
+        *k = 0;
+
+        p += vsprintf (p, fmt1, args);
+
+        for (i = 0; i < skip; i ++)
+            j = va_arg (args, int);
+
+        switch (what) {
+        case 'k':
+            sprintf_le_key (p, va_arg(args, struct reiserfs_key *));
+            break;
+        case 'K':
+            sprintf_cpu_key (p, va_arg(args, struct cpu_key *));
+            break;
+        case 'h':
+            sprintf_item_head (p, va_arg(args, struct item_head *));
+            break;
+        case 't':
+            sprintf_direntry (p, va_arg(args, struct reiserfs_dir_entry *));
+            break;
+        case 'y':
+            sprintf_disk_child (p, va_arg(args, struct disk_child *));
+            break;
+        case 'z':
+            sprintf_block_head (p, va_arg(args, struct buffer_head *));
+            break;
+        case 'b':
+            sprintf_buffer_head (p, va_arg(args, struct buffer_head *));
+            break;
+        case 'a':
+            sprintf_de_head (p, va_arg(args, struct reiserfs_de_head *));
+            break;
+        }
+
+        p += strlen (p);
+        fmt1 = k + 2;
+    }
+    vsprintf (p, fmt1, args);
+
+}
+
+
+/* in addition to usual conversion specifiers this accepts reiserfs
+   specific conversion specifiers: 
+   %k to print little endian key, 
+   %K to print cpu key, 
+   %h to print item_head,
+   %t to print directory entry 
+   %z to print block head (arg must be struct buffer_head *
+   %b to print buffer_head
+*/
+
+#define do_reiserfs_warning(fmt)\
+{\
+    va_list args;\
+    va_start( args, fmt );\
+    prepare_error_buf( fmt, args );\
+    va_end( args );\
+}
+
+void reiserfs_warning (struct super_block *sb, const char * fmt, ...)
+{
+  do_reiserfs_warning(fmt);
+  if (sb)
+      printk (KERN_WARNING "ReiserFS: %s: warning: %s\n",
+             reiserfs_bdevname (sb), error_buf);
+  else
+      printk (KERN_WARNING "ReiserFS: warning: %s\n", error_buf);
+}
+
+/* No newline.. reiserfs_info calls can be followed by printk's */
+void reiserfs_info (struct super_block *sb, const char * fmt, ...)
+{
+  do_reiserfs_warning(fmt);
+  if (sb)
+      printk (KERN_NOTICE "ReiserFS: %s: %s",
+             reiserfs_bdevname (sb), error_buf);
+  else
+      printk (KERN_NOTICE "ReiserFS: %s", error_buf);
+}
+
+/* No newline.. reiserfs_printk calls can be followed by printk's */
+static void reiserfs_printk (const char * fmt, ...)
+{
+  do_reiserfs_warning(fmt);
+  printk (error_buf);
+}
+
+void reiserfs_debug (struct super_block *s, int level, const char * fmt, ...)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+  do_reiserfs_warning(fmt);
+  if (s)
+      printk (KERN_DEBUG "ReiserFS: %s: %s\n",
+             reiserfs_bdevname (s), error_buf);
+  else
+      printk (KERN_DEBUG "ReiserFS: %s\n", error_buf);
+#endif
+}
+
+/* The format:
+
+           maintainer-errorid: [function-name:] message
+
+    where errorid is unique to the maintainer and function-name is
+    optional, is recommended, so that anyone can easily find the bug
+    with a simple grep for the short to type string
+    maintainer-errorid.  Don't bother with reusing errorids, there are
+    lots of numbers out there.
+
+    Example: 
+    
+    reiserfs_panic(
+        p_sb, "reiser-29: reiserfs_new_blocknrs: "
+        "one of search_start or rn(%d) is equal to MAX_B_NUM,"
+        "which means that we are optimizing location based on the bogus location of a temp buffer (%p).", 
+        rn, bh
+    );
+
+    Regular panic()s sometimes clear the screen before the message can
+    be read, thus the need for the while loop.  
+
+    Numbering scheme for panic used by Vladimir and Anatoly( Hans completely ignores this scheme, and considers it
+    pointless complexity):
+
+    panics in reiserfs_fs.h have numbers from 1000 to 1999
+    super.c                                     2000 to 2999
+    preserve.c (unused)                     3000 to 3999
+    bitmap.c                                4000 to 4999
+    stree.c                                     5000 to 5999
+    prints.c                                6000 to 6999
+    namei.c                     7000 to 7999
+    fix_nodes.c                 8000 to 8999
+    dir.c                       9000 to 9999
+        lbalance.c                                      10000 to 10999
+        ibalance.c              11000 to 11999 not ready
+        do_balan.c              12000 to 12999
+        inode.c                 13000 to 13999
+        file.c                  14000 to 14999
+    objectid.c                       15000 - 15999
+    buffer.c                         16000 - 16999
+    symlink.c                        17000 - 17999
+
+   .  */
+
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+extern struct tree_balance * cur_tb;
+#endif
+
+void reiserfs_panic (struct super_block * sb, const char * fmt, ...)
+{
+  do_reiserfs_warning(fmt);
+  printk (KERN_EMERG "REISERFS: panic (device %s): %s\n",
+          reiserfs_bdevname (sb), error_buf);
+  BUG ();
+
+  /* this is not actually called, but makes reiserfs_panic() "noreturn" */
+  panic ("REISERFS: panic (device %s): %s\n",
+         reiserfs_bdevname (sb), error_buf);
+}
+
+void
+reiserfs_abort (struct super_block *sb, int errno, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+    do_reiserfs_warning (fmt);
+
+    if (reiserfs_error_panic (sb)) {
+        panic (KERN_CRIT "REISERFS: panic (device %s): %s\n",
+               reiserfs_bdevname (sb), error_buf);
+    }
+
+    if (sb->s_flags & MS_RDONLY)
+        return;
+
+    printk (KERN_CRIT "REISERFS: abort (device %s): %s\n",
+            reiserfs_bdevname (sb), error_buf);
+
+    sb->s_flags |= MS_RDONLY;
+    reiserfs_journal_abort (sb, errno);
+}
+
+/* this prints internal nodes (4 keys/items in line) (dc_number,
+   dc_size)[k_dirid, k_objectid, k_offset, k_uniqueness](dc_number,
+   dc_size)...*/
+static int print_internal (struct buffer_head * bh, int first, int last)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_key * key;
+    struct disk_child * dc;
+    int i;
+    int from, to;
+    
+    if (!B_IS_KEYS_LEVEL (bh))
+        return 1;
+
+    check_internal (bh);
+    
+    if (first == -1) {
+        from = 0;
+        to = B_NR_ITEMS (bh);
+    } else {
+        from = first;
+        to = last < B_NR_ITEMS (bh) ? last : B_NR_ITEMS (bh);
+    }
+
+    reiserfs_printk ("INTERNAL NODE (%ld) contains %z\n",  bh->b_blocknr, bh);
+    
+    dc = B_N_CHILD (bh, from);
+    reiserfs_printk ("PTR %d: %y ", from, dc);
+    
+    for (i = from, key = B_N_PDELIM_KEY (bh, from), dc ++; i < to; i ++, key ++, dc ++) {
+        reiserfs_printk ("KEY %d: %k PTR %d: %y ", i, key, i + 1, dc);
+        if (i && i % 4 == 0)
+            printk ("\n");
+    }
+    printk ("\n");
+    return 0;
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+static int print_leaf (struct buffer_head * bh, int print_mode, int first, int last)
+{
+    struct block_head * blkh;
+    struct item_head * ih;
+    int i, nr;
+    int from, to;
+
+    if (!B_IS_ITEMS_LEVEL (bh))
+        return 1;
+
+    check_leaf (bh);
+
+    blkh = B_BLK_HEAD (bh);
+    ih = B_N_PITEM_HEAD (bh,0);
+    nr = blkh_nr_item(blkh);
+
+    printk ("\n===================================================================\n");
+    reiserfs_printk ("LEAF NODE (%ld) contains %z\n", bh->b_blocknr, bh);
+
+    if (!(print_mode & PRINT_LEAF_ITEMS)) {
+        reiserfs_printk ("FIRST ITEM_KEY: %k, LAST ITEM KEY: %k\n",
+                          &(ih->ih_key), &((ih + nr - 1)->ih_key));
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    if (first < 0 || first > nr - 1) 
+        from = 0;
+    else 
+        from = first;
+
+    if (last < 0 || last > nr )
+        to = nr;
+    else
+        to = last;
+
+    ih += from;
+    printk ("-------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
+    printk ("|##|   type    |           key           | ilen | free_space | version | loc  |\n");
+    for (i = from; i < to; i++, ih ++) {
+        printk ("-------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
+        reiserfs_printk ("|%2d| %h |\n", i, ih);
+        if (print_mode & PRINT_LEAF_ITEMS)
+            op_print_item (ih, B_I_PITEM (bh, ih));
+    }
+
+    printk ("===================================================================\n");
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+char * reiserfs_hashname(int code)
+{
+    if ( code == YURA_HASH)
+        return "rupasov";
+    if ( code == TEA_HASH)
+        return "tea";
+    if ( code == R5_HASH)
+        return "r5";
+
+    return "unknown";
+}
+
+/* return 1 if this is not super block */
+static int print_super_block (struct buffer_head * bh)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_super_block * rs = (struct reiserfs_super_block *)(bh->b_data);
+    int skipped, data_blocks;
+    char *version;
+    char b[BDEVNAME_SIZE];
+
+    if (is_reiserfs_3_5(rs)) {
+        version = "3.5";
+    } else if (is_reiserfs_3_6(rs)) {
+        version = "3.6";
+    } else if (is_reiserfs_jr(rs)) {
+      version = ((sb_version(rs) == REISERFS_VERSION_2) ?
+                 "3.6" : "3.5");  
+    } else {
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    printk ("%s\'s super block is in block %llu\n", bdevname (bh->b_bdev, b),
+            (unsigned long long)bh->b_blocknr);
+    printk ("Reiserfs version %s\n", version );
+    printk ("Block count %u\n", sb_block_count(rs));
+    printk ("Blocksize %d\n", sb_blocksize(rs));
+    printk ("Free blocks %u\n", sb_free_blocks(rs));
+    // FIXME: this would be confusing if
+    // someone stores reiserfs super block in some data block ;)
+//    skipped = (bh->b_blocknr * bh->b_size) / sb_blocksize(rs);
+    skipped = bh->b_blocknr;
+    data_blocks = sb_block_count(rs) - skipped - 1 - sb_bmap_nr(rs) -
+            (!is_reiserfs_jr(rs) ? sb_jp_journal_size(rs) + 1 : sb_reserved_for_journal(rs)) -      
+            sb_free_blocks(rs);
+    printk ("Busy blocks (skipped %d, bitmaps - %d, journal (or reserved) blocks - %d\n"
+            "1 super block, %d data blocks\n", 
+            skipped, sb_bmap_nr(rs), (!is_reiserfs_jr(rs) ? (sb_jp_journal_size(rs) + 1) :
+                                      sb_reserved_for_journal(rs)) , data_blocks);
+    printk ("Root block %u\n", sb_root_block(rs));
+    printk ("Journal block (first) %d\n", sb_jp_journal_1st_block(rs));
+    printk ("Journal dev %d\n", sb_jp_journal_dev(rs));
+    printk ("Journal orig size %d\n", sb_jp_journal_size(rs));
+    printk ("FS state %d\n", sb_fs_state(rs));
+    printk ("Hash function \"%s\"\n",
+            reiserfs_hashname(sb_hash_function_code(rs)));
+    
+    printk ("Tree height %d\n", sb_tree_height(rs));
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int print_desc_block (struct buffer_head * bh)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_journal_desc * desc;
+
+    if (memcmp(get_journal_desc_magic (bh), JOURNAL_DESC_MAGIC, 8))
+        return 1;
+
+    desc = (struct reiserfs_journal_desc *)(bh->b_data);
+    printk ("Desc block %llu (j_trans_id %d, j_mount_id %d, j_len %d)",
+            (unsigned long long)bh->b_blocknr, get_desc_trans_id (desc), get_desc_mount_id (desc),
+            get_desc_trans_len (desc));
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+
+void print_block (struct buffer_head * bh, ...)//int print_mode, int first, int last)
+{
+    va_list args;
+    int mode, first, last;
+
+    va_start (args, bh);
+
+    if ( ! bh ) {
+        printk("print_block: buffer is NULL\n");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    mode = va_arg (args, int);
+    first = va_arg (args, int);
+    last = va_arg (args, int);
+    if (print_leaf (bh, mode, first, last))
+        if (print_internal (bh, first, last))
+            if (print_super_block (bh))
+                if (print_desc_block (bh))
+                    printk ("Block %llu contains unformatted data\n", (unsigned long long)bh->b_blocknr);
+}
+
+
+
+static char print_tb_buf[2048];
+
+/* this stores initial state of tree balance in the print_tb_buf */
+void store_print_tb (struct tree_balance * tb)
+{
+    int h = 0;
+    int i;
+    struct buffer_head * tbSh, * tbFh;
+
+    if (!tb)
+        return;
+
+    sprintf (print_tb_buf, "\n"
+             "BALANCING %d\n"
+             "MODE=%c, ITEM_POS=%d POS_IN_ITEM=%d\n" 
+             "=====================================================================\n"
+             "* h *    S    *    L    *    R    *   F   *   FL  *   FR  *  CFL  *  CFR  *\n",
+             REISERFS_SB(tb->tb_sb)->s_do_balance,
+             tb->tb_mode, PATH_LAST_POSITION (tb->tb_path), tb->tb_path->pos_in_item);
+  
+    for (h = 0; h < sizeof(tb->insert_size) / sizeof (tb->insert_size[0]); h ++) {
+        if (PATH_H_PATH_OFFSET (tb->tb_path, h) <= tb->tb_path->path_length && 
+            PATH_H_PATH_OFFSET (tb->tb_path, h) > ILLEGAL_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET) {
+            tbSh = PATH_H_PBUFFER (tb->tb_path, h);
+            tbFh = PATH_H_PPARENT (tb->tb_path, h);
+        } else {
+            tbSh = NULL;
+            tbFh = NULL;
+        }
+        sprintf (print_tb_buf + strlen (print_tb_buf),
+                 "* %d * %3lld(%2d) * %3lld(%2d) * %3lld(%2d) * %5lld * %5lld * %5lld * %5lld * %5lld *\n",
+                 h, 
+                 (tbSh) ? (long long)(tbSh->b_blocknr):(-1LL),
+                 (tbSh) ? atomic_read (&(tbSh->b_count)) : -1,
+                 (tb->L[h]) ? (long long)(tb->L[h]->b_blocknr):(-1LL),
+                 (tb->L[h]) ? atomic_read (&(tb->L[h]->b_count)) : -1,
+                 (tb->R[h]) ? (long long)(tb->R[h]->b_blocknr):(-1LL),
+                 (tb->R[h]) ? atomic_read (&(tb->R[h]->b_count)) : -1,
+                 (tbFh) ? (long long)(tbFh->b_blocknr):(-1LL),
+                 (tb->FL[h]) ? (long long)(tb->FL[h]->b_blocknr):(-1LL),
+                 (tb->FR[h]) ? (long long)(tb->FR[h]->b_blocknr):(-1LL),
+                 (tb->CFL[h]) ? (long long)(tb->CFL[h]->b_blocknr):(-1LL),
+                 (tb->CFR[h]) ? (long long)(tb->CFR[h]->b_blocknr):(-1LL));
+    }
+
+    sprintf (print_tb_buf + strlen (print_tb_buf), 
+             "=====================================================================\n"
+             "* h * size * ln * lb * rn * rb * blkn * s0 * s1 * s1b * s2 * s2b * curb * lk * rk *\n"
+             "* 0 * %4d * %2d * %2d * %2d * %2d * %4d * %2d * %2d * %3d * %2d * %3d * %4d * %2d * %2d *\n",
+             tb->insert_size[0], tb->lnum[0], tb->lbytes, tb->rnum[0],tb->rbytes, tb->blknum[0], 
+             tb->s0num, tb->s1num,tb->s1bytes,  tb->s2num, tb->s2bytes, tb->cur_blknum, tb->lkey[0], tb->rkey[0]);
+
+    /* this prints balance parameters for non-leaf levels */
+    h = 0;
+    do {
+        h++;
+        sprintf (print_tb_buf + strlen (print_tb_buf),
+                 "* %d * %4d * %2d *    * %2d *    * %2d *\n",
+                h, tb->insert_size[h], tb->lnum[h], tb->rnum[h], tb->blknum[h]);
+    } while (tb->insert_size[h]);
+
+    sprintf (print_tb_buf + strlen (print_tb_buf), 
+             "=====================================================================\n"
+             "FEB list: ");
+
+    /* print FEB list (list of buffers in form (bh (b_blocknr, b_count), that will be used for new nodes) */
+    h = 0;
+    for (i = 0; i < sizeof (tb->FEB) / sizeof (tb->FEB[0]); i ++)
+        sprintf (print_tb_buf + strlen (print_tb_buf),
+                 "%p (%llu %d)%s", tb->FEB[i], tb->FEB[i] ? (unsigned long long)tb->FEB[i]->b_blocknr : 0ULL,
+                 tb->FEB[i] ? atomic_read (&(tb->FEB[i]->b_count)) : 0, 
+                 (i == sizeof (tb->FEB) / sizeof (tb->FEB[0]) - 1) ? "\n" : ", ");
+
+    sprintf (print_tb_buf + strlen (print_tb_buf), 
+             "======================== the end ====================================\n");
+}
+
+void print_cur_tb (char * mes)
+{
+    printk ("%s\n%s", mes, print_tb_buf);
+}
+
+static void check_leaf_block_head (struct buffer_head * bh)
+{
+  struct block_head * blkh;
+  int nr;
+
+  blkh = B_BLK_HEAD (bh);
+  nr = blkh_nr_item(blkh);
+  if ( nr > (bh->b_size - BLKH_SIZE) / IH_SIZE)
+    reiserfs_panic (NULL, "vs-6010: check_leaf_block_head: invalid item number %z", bh);
+  if ( blkh_free_space(blkh) > 
+      bh->b_size - BLKH_SIZE - IH_SIZE * nr )
+    reiserfs_panic (NULL, "vs-6020: check_leaf_block_head: invalid free space %z", bh);
+    
+}
+
+static void check_internal_block_head (struct buffer_head * bh)
+{
+    struct block_head * blkh;
+    
+    blkh = B_BLK_HEAD (bh);
+    if (!(B_LEVEL (bh) > DISK_LEAF_NODE_LEVEL && B_LEVEL (bh) <= MAX_HEIGHT))
+        reiserfs_panic (NULL, "vs-6025: check_internal_block_head: invalid level %z", bh);
+
+    if (B_NR_ITEMS (bh) > (bh->b_size - BLKH_SIZE) / IH_SIZE)
+        reiserfs_panic (NULL, "vs-6030: check_internal_block_head: invalid item number %z", bh);
+
+    if (B_FREE_SPACE (bh) != 
+        bh->b_size - BLKH_SIZE - KEY_SIZE * B_NR_ITEMS (bh) - DC_SIZE * (B_NR_ITEMS (bh) + 1))
+        reiserfs_panic (NULL, "vs-6040: check_internal_block_head: invalid free space %z", bh);
+
+}
+
+
+void check_leaf (struct buffer_head * bh)
+{
+    int i;
+    struct item_head * ih;
+
+    if (!bh)
+        return;
+    check_leaf_block_head (bh);
+    for (i = 0, ih = B_N_PITEM_HEAD (bh, 0); i < B_NR_ITEMS (bh); i ++, ih ++)
+        op_check_item (ih, B_I_PITEM (bh, ih));
+}
+
+
+void check_internal (struct buffer_head * bh)
+{
+  if (!bh)
+    return;
+  check_internal_block_head (bh);
+}
+
+
+void print_statistics (struct super_block * s)
+{
+
+  /*
+  printk ("reiserfs_put_super: session statistics: balances %d, fix_nodes %d, \
+bmap with search %d, without %d, dir2ind %d, ind2dir %d\n",
+          REISERFS_SB(s)->s_do_balance, REISERFS_SB(s)->s_fix_nodes,
+          REISERFS_SB(s)->s_bmaps, REISERFS_SB(s)->s_bmaps_without_search,
+          REISERFS_SB(s)->s_direct2indirect, REISERFS_SB(s)->s_indirect2direct);
+  */
+
+}
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/procfs.c b/fs/reiserfs/procfs.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..f4ea81ae0e0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/procfs.c
@@ -0,0 +1,664 @@
+/* -*- linux-c -*- */
+
+/* fs/reiserfs/procfs.c */
+
+/*
+ * Copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, licensing governed by reiserfs/README
+ */
+
+/* proc info support a la one created by Sizif@Botik.RU for PGC */
+
+/* $Id: procfs.c,v 1.1.8.2 2001/07/15 17:08:42 god Exp $ */
+
+#include <linux/config.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/seq_file.h>
+#include <asm/uaccess.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_fs.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_fs_sb.h>
+#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
+
+#if defined( REISERFS_PROC_INFO )
+
+/*
+ * LOCKING:
+ *
+ * We rely on new Alexander Viro's super-block locking.
+ *
+ */
+
+static int show_version(struct seq_file *m, struct super_block *sb)
+{
+        char *format;
+    
+        if ( REISERFS_SB(sb)->s_properties & (1 << REISERFS_3_6) ) {
+                format = "3.6";
+        } else if ( REISERFS_SB(sb)->s_properties & (1 << REISERFS_3_5) ) {
+                format = "3.5";
+        } else {
+                format = "unknown";
+        }
+
+        seq_printf(m, "%s format\twith checks %s\n",
+                        format,
+#if defined( CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK )
+                        "on"
+#else
+                        "off"
+#endif
+                );
+        return 0;
+}
+
+int reiserfs_global_version_in_proc( char *buffer, char **start, off_t offset,
+                                     int count, int *eof, void *data )
+{
+        *start = buffer;
+        *eof = 1;
+        return 0;
+}
+
+#define SF( x ) ( r -> x )
+#define SFP( x ) SF( s_proc_info_data.x )
+#define SFPL( x ) SFP( x[ level ] )
+#define SFPF( x ) SFP( scan_bitmap.x )
+#define SFPJ( x ) SFP( journal.x )
+
+#define D2C( x ) le16_to_cpu( x )
+#define D4C( x ) le32_to_cpu( x )
+#define DF( x ) D2C( rs -> s_v1.x )
+#define DFL( x ) D4C( rs -> s_v1.x )
+
+#define objectid_map( s, rs ) (old_format_only (s) ?                            \
+                         (__u32 *)((struct reiserfs_super_block_v1 *)rs + 1) :  \
+                         (__u32 *)(rs + 1))
+#define MAP( i ) D4C( objectid_map( sb, rs )[ i ] )
+
+#define DJF( x ) le32_to_cpu( rs -> x )
+#define DJV( x ) le32_to_cpu( s_v1 -> x )
+#define DJP( x ) le32_to_cpu( jp -> x ) 
+#define JF( x ) ( r -> s_journal -> x )
+
+static int show_super(struct seq_file *m, struct super_block *sb)
+{
+        struct reiserfs_sb_info *r = REISERFS_SB(sb);
+    
+        seq_printf(m,   "state: \t%s\n"
+                        "mount options: \t%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s\n"
+                        "gen. counter: \t%i\n"
+                        "s_kmallocs: \t%i\n"
+                        "s_disk_reads: \t%i\n"
+                        "s_disk_writes: \t%i\n"
+                        "s_fix_nodes: \t%i\n"
+                        "s_do_balance: \t%i\n"
+                        "s_unneeded_left_neighbor: \t%i\n"
+                        "s_good_search_by_key_reada: \t%i\n"
+                        "s_bmaps: \t%i\n"
+                        "s_bmaps_without_search: \t%i\n"
+                        "s_direct2indirect: \t%i\n"
+                        "s_indirect2direct: \t%i\n"
+                        "\n"
+                        "max_hash_collisions: \t%i\n"
+
+                        "breads: \t%lu\n"
+                        "bread_misses: \t%lu\n"
+
+                        "search_by_key: \t%lu\n"
+                        "search_by_key_fs_changed: \t%lu\n"
+                        "search_by_key_restarted: \t%lu\n"
+                        
+                        "insert_item_restarted: \t%lu\n"
+                        "paste_into_item_restarted: \t%lu\n"
+                        "cut_from_item_restarted: \t%lu\n"
+                        "delete_solid_item_restarted: \t%lu\n"
+                        "delete_item_restarted: \t%lu\n"
+
+                        "leaked_oid: \t%lu\n"
+                        "leaves_removable: \t%lu\n",
+
+                        SF( s_mount_state ) == REISERFS_VALID_FS ?
+                        "REISERFS_VALID_FS" : "REISERFS_ERROR_FS",
+                        reiserfs_r5_hash( sb ) ? "FORCE_R5 " : "",
+                        reiserfs_rupasov_hash( sb ) ? "FORCE_RUPASOV " : "",
+                        reiserfs_tea_hash( sb ) ? "FORCE_TEA " : "",
+                        reiserfs_hash_detect( sb ) ? "DETECT_HASH " : "",
+                        reiserfs_no_border( sb ) ? "NO_BORDER " : "BORDER ",
+                        reiserfs_no_unhashed_relocation( sb ) ? "NO_UNHASHED_RELOCATION " : "",
+                        reiserfs_hashed_relocation( sb ) ? "UNHASHED_RELOCATION " : "",
+                        reiserfs_test4( sb ) ? "TEST4 " : "",
+                        have_large_tails( sb ) ? "TAILS " : have_small_tails(sb)?"SMALL_TAILS ":"NO_TAILS ",
+                        replay_only( sb ) ? "REPLAY_ONLY " : "",
+                        convert_reiserfs( sb ) ? "CONV " : "",
+
+                        atomic_read( &r -> s_generation_counter ),
+                        SF( s_kmallocs ),
+                        SF( s_disk_reads ),
+                        SF( s_disk_writes ),
+                        SF( s_fix_nodes ),
+                        SF( s_do_balance ),
+                        SF( s_unneeded_left_neighbor ),
+                        SF( s_good_search_by_key_reada ),
+                        SF( s_bmaps ),
+                        SF( s_bmaps_without_search ),
+                        SF( s_direct2indirect ),
+                        SF( s_indirect2direct ),
+                        SFP( max_hash_collisions ),
+                        SFP( breads ),
+                        SFP( bread_miss ),
+                        SFP( search_by_key ),
+                        SFP( search_by_key_fs_changed ),
+                        SFP( search_by_key_restarted ),
+
+                        SFP( insert_item_restarted ),
+                        SFP( paste_into_item_restarted ),
+                        SFP( cut_from_item_restarted ),
+                        SFP( delete_solid_item_restarted ),
+                        SFP( delete_item_restarted ),
+
+                        SFP( leaked_oid ),
+                        SFP( leaves_removable ) );
+
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static int show_per_level(struct seq_file *m, struct super_block *sb)
+{
+        struct reiserfs_sb_info *r = REISERFS_SB(sb);
+        int level;
+
+        seq_printf(m,   "level\t"
+                        "     balances"
+                        " [sbk:  reads"
+                        "   fs_changed"
+                        "   restarted]"
+                        "   free space"
+                        "        items"
+                        "   can_remove"
+                        "         lnum"
+                        "         rnum"
+                        "       lbytes"
+                        "       rbytes"
+                        "     get_neig"
+                        " get_neig_res"
+                        "  need_l_neig"
+                        "  need_r_neig"
+                        "\n"
+                        
+                );
+
+        for( level = 0 ; level < MAX_HEIGHT ; ++ level ) {
+                seq_printf(m,   "%i\t"
+                                " %12lu"
+                                " %12lu"
+                                " %12lu"
+                                " %12lu"
+                                " %12lu"
+                                " %12lu"
+                                " %12lu"
+                                " %12li"
+                                " %12li"
+                                " %12li"
+                                " %12li"
+                                " %12lu"
+                                " %12lu"
+                                " %12lu"
+                                " %12lu"
+                                "\n",
+                                level, 
+                                SFPL( balance_at ),
+                                SFPL( sbk_read_at ),
+                                SFPL( sbk_fs_changed ),
+                                SFPL( sbk_restarted ),
+                                SFPL( free_at ),
+                                SFPL( items_at ),
+                                SFPL( can_node_be_removed ),
+                                SFPL( lnum ),
+                                SFPL( rnum ),
+                                SFPL( lbytes ),
+                                SFPL( rbytes ),
+                                SFPL( get_neighbors ),
+                                SFPL( get_neighbors_restart ),
+                                SFPL( need_l_neighbor ),
+                                SFPL( need_r_neighbor )
+                        );
+        }
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static int show_bitmap(struct seq_file *m, struct super_block *sb)
+{
+        struct reiserfs_sb_info *r = REISERFS_SB(sb);
+
+        seq_printf(m,   "free_block: %lu\n"
+                        "  scan_bitmap:"
+                        "          wait"
+                        "          bmap"
+                        "         retry"
+                        "        stolen"
+                        "  journal_hint"
+                        "journal_nohint"
+                        "\n"
+                        " %14lu"
+                        " %14lu"
+                        " %14lu"
+                        " %14lu"
+                        " %14lu"
+                        " %14lu"
+                        " %14lu"
+                        "\n",
+                        SFP( free_block ),
+                        SFPF( call ), 
+                        SFPF( wait ), 
+                        SFPF( bmap ),
+                        SFPF( retry ),
+                        SFPF( stolen ),
+                        SFPF( in_journal_hint ),
+                        SFPF( in_journal_nohint ) );
+
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static int show_on_disk_super(struct seq_file *m, struct super_block *sb)
+{
+        struct reiserfs_sb_info *sb_info = REISERFS_SB(sb);
+        struct reiserfs_super_block *rs = sb_info -> s_rs;
+        int hash_code = DFL( s_hash_function_code );
+        __u32 flags = DJF( s_flags );
+
+        seq_printf(m,   "block_count: \t%i\n"
+                        "free_blocks: \t%i\n"
+                        "root_block: \t%i\n"
+                        "blocksize: \t%i\n"
+                        "oid_maxsize: \t%i\n"
+                        "oid_cursize: \t%i\n"
+                        "umount_state: \t%i\n"
+                        "magic: \t%10.10s\n"
+                        "fs_state: \t%i\n"
+                        "hash: \t%s\n"
+                        "tree_height: \t%i\n"
+                        "bmap_nr: \t%i\n"
+                        "version: \t%i\n"
+                        "flags: \t%x[%s]\n"
+                        "reserved_for_journal: \t%i\n",
+
+                        DFL( s_block_count ),
+                        DFL( s_free_blocks ),
+                        DFL( s_root_block ),
+                        DF( s_blocksize ),
+                        DF( s_oid_maxsize ),
+                        DF( s_oid_cursize ),
+                        DF( s_umount_state ),
+                        rs -> s_v1.s_magic,
+                        DF( s_fs_state ),
+                        hash_code == TEA_HASH ? "tea" :
+                        ( hash_code == YURA_HASH ) ? "rupasov" :
+                        ( hash_code == R5_HASH ) ? "r5" :
+                        ( hash_code == UNSET_HASH ) ? "unset" : "unknown",
+                        DF( s_tree_height ),
+                        DF( s_bmap_nr ),
+                        DF( s_version ),
+                        flags,
+                        ( flags & reiserfs_attrs_cleared )
+                        ? "attrs_cleared" : "",
+                        DF (s_reserved_for_journal));
+
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static int show_oidmap(struct seq_file *m, struct super_block *sb)
+{
+        struct reiserfs_sb_info *sb_info = REISERFS_SB(sb);
+        struct reiserfs_super_block *rs = sb_info -> s_rs;
+        unsigned int mapsize = le16_to_cpu( rs -> s_v1.s_oid_cursize );
+        unsigned long total_used = 0;
+        int i;
+
+        for( i = 0 ; i < mapsize ; ++i ) {
+                __u32 right;
+
+                right = ( i == mapsize - 1 ) ? MAX_KEY_OBJECTID : MAP( i + 1 );
+                seq_printf(m, "%s: [ %x .. %x )\n",
+                                ( i & 1 ) ? "free" : "used", MAP( i ), right );
+                if( ! ( i & 1 ) ) {
+                        total_used += right - MAP( i );
+                }
+        }
+#if defined( REISERFS_USE_OIDMAPF )
+        if( sb_info -> oidmap.use_file && ( sb_info -> oidmap.mapf != NULL ) ) {
+                loff_t size = sb_info->oidmap.mapf->f_dentry->d_inode->i_size;
+                total_used += size / sizeof( reiserfs_oidinterval_d_t );
+        }
+#endif
+        seq_printf(m, "total: \t%i [%i/%i] used: %lu [exact]\n", 
+                        mapsize, 
+                        mapsize, le16_to_cpu( rs -> s_v1.s_oid_maxsize ),
+                        total_used);
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static int show_journal(struct seq_file *m, struct super_block *sb)
+{
+        struct reiserfs_sb_info *r = REISERFS_SB(sb);
+        struct reiserfs_super_block *rs = r -> s_rs;
+        struct journal_params *jp = &rs->s_v1.s_journal;
+        char b[BDEVNAME_SIZE];
+    
+
+        seq_printf(m,    /* on-disk fields */
+                        "jp_journal_1st_block: \t%i\n"
+                        "jp_journal_dev: \t%s[%x]\n"
+                        "jp_journal_size: \t%i\n"
+                        "jp_journal_trans_max: \t%i\n"
+                        "jp_journal_magic: \t%i\n"
+                        "jp_journal_max_batch: \t%i\n"
+                        "jp_journal_max_commit_age: \t%i\n"
+                        "jp_journal_max_trans_age: \t%i\n"
+                        /* incore fields */
+                        "j_1st_reserved_block: \t%i\n"    
+                        "j_state: \t%li\n"                      
+                        "j_trans_id: \t%lu\n"
+                        "j_mount_id: \t%lu\n"
+                        "j_start: \t%lu\n"
+                        "j_len: \t%lu\n"
+                        "j_len_alloc: \t%lu\n"
+                        "j_wcount: \t%i\n"
+                        "j_bcount: \t%lu\n"
+                        "j_first_unflushed_offset: \t%lu\n"
+                        "j_last_flush_trans_id: \t%lu\n"
+                        "j_trans_start_time: \t%li\n"
+                        "j_list_bitmap_index: \t%i\n"
+                        "j_must_wait: \t%i\n"
+                        "j_next_full_flush: \t%i\n"
+                        "j_next_async_flush: \t%i\n"
+                        "j_cnode_used: \t%i\n"
+                        "j_cnode_free: \t%i\n"
+                        "\n"
+                        /* reiserfs_proc_info_data_t.journal fields */
+                        "in_journal: \t%12lu\n"
+                        "in_journal_bitmap: \t%12lu\n"
+                        "in_journal_reusable: \t%12lu\n"
+                        "lock_journal: \t%12lu\n"
+                        "lock_journal_wait: \t%12lu\n"
+                        "journal_begin: \t%12lu\n"
+                        "journal_relock_writers: \t%12lu\n"
+                        "journal_relock_wcount: \t%12lu\n"
+                        "mark_dirty: \t%12lu\n"
+                        "mark_dirty_already: \t%12lu\n"
+                        "mark_dirty_notjournal: \t%12lu\n"
+                        "restore_prepared: \t%12lu\n"
+                        "prepare: \t%12lu\n"
+                        "prepare_retry: \t%12lu\n",
+
+                        DJP( jp_journal_1st_block ),
+                        bdevname(SB_JOURNAL(sb)->j_dev_bd, b),
+                        DJP( jp_journal_dev ),
+                        DJP( jp_journal_size ),
+                        DJP( jp_journal_trans_max ),
+                        DJP( jp_journal_magic ),
+                        DJP( jp_journal_max_batch ),
+                        SB_JOURNAL(sb)->j_max_commit_age,
+                        DJP( jp_journal_max_trans_age ),
+
+                        JF( j_1st_reserved_block ),                     
+                        JF( j_state ),                  
+                        JF( j_trans_id ),
+                        JF( j_mount_id ),
+                        JF( j_start ),
+                        JF( j_len ),
+                        JF( j_len_alloc ),
+                        atomic_read( & r -> s_journal -> j_wcount ),
+                        JF( j_bcount ),
+                        JF( j_first_unflushed_offset ),
+                        JF( j_last_flush_trans_id ),
+                        JF( j_trans_start_time ),
+                        JF( j_list_bitmap_index ),
+                        JF( j_must_wait ),
+                        JF( j_next_full_flush ),
+                        JF( j_next_async_flush ),
+                        JF( j_cnode_used ),
+                        JF( j_cnode_free ),
+
+                        SFPJ( in_journal ),
+                        SFPJ( in_journal_bitmap ),
+                        SFPJ( in_journal_reusable ),
+                        SFPJ( lock_journal ),
+                        SFPJ( lock_journal_wait ),
+                        SFPJ( journal_being ),
+                        SFPJ( journal_relock_writers ),
+                        SFPJ( journal_relock_wcount ),
+                        SFPJ( mark_dirty ),
+                        SFPJ( mark_dirty_already ),
+                        SFPJ( mark_dirty_notjournal ),
+                        SFPJ( restore_prepared ),
+                        SFPJ( prepare ),
+                        SFPJ( prepare_retry )
+                );
+        return 0;
+}
+
+/* iterator */
+static int test_sb(struct super_block *sb, void *data)
+{
+        return data == sb;
+}
+
+static int set_sb(struct super_block *sb, void *data)
+{
+        return -ENOENT;
+}
+
+static void *r_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos)
+{
+        struct proc_dir_entry *de = m->private;
+        struct super_block *s = de->parent->data;
+        loff_t l = *pos;
+
+        if (l)
+                return NULL;
+
+        if (IS_ERR(sget(&reiserfs_fs_type, test_sb, set_sb, s)))
+                return NULL;
+
+        up_write(&s->s_umount);
+
+        if (de->deleted) {
+                deactivate_super(s);
+                return NULL;
+        }
+
+        return s;
+}
+
+static void *r_next(struct seq_file *m, void *v, loff_t *pos)
+{
+        ++*pos;
+        if (v)
+                deactivate_super(v);
+        return NULL;
+}
+
+static void r_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
+{
+        if (v)
+                deactivate_super(v);
+}
+
+static int r_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
+{
+        struct proc_dir_entry *de = m->private;
+        int (*show)(struct seq_file *, struct super_block *) = de->data;
+        return show(m, v);
+}
+
+static struct seq_operations r_ops = {
+        .start = r_start,
+        .next = r_next,
+        .stop = r_stop,
+        .show = r_show,
+};
+
+static int r_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
+{
+        int ret = seq_open(file, &r_ops);
+
+        if (!ret) {
+                struct seq_file *m = file->private_data;
+                m->private = PDE(inode);
+        }
+        return ret;
+}
+
+static struct file_operations r_file_operations = {
+        .open           = r_open,
+        .read           = seq_read,
+        .llseek         = seq_lseek,
+        .release        = seq_release,
+};
+
+static struct proc_dir_entry *proc_info_root = NULL;
+static const char proc_info_root_name[] = "fs/reiserfs";
+
+static void add_file(struct super_block *sb, char *name,
+        int (*func)(struct seq_file *, struct super_block *))
+{
+        struct proc_dir_entry *de;
+        de = create_proc_entry(name, 0, REISERFS_SB(sb)->procdir);
+        if (de) {
+                de->data = func;
+                de->proc_fops = &r_file_operations;
+        }
+}
+
+int reiserfs_proc_info_init( struct super_block *sb )
+{
+        spin_lock_init( & __PINFO( sb ).lock );
+        REISERFS_SB(sb)->procdir = proc_mkdir(reiserfs_bdevname (sb), proc_info_root);
+        if( REISERFS_SB(sb)->procdir ) {
+                REISERFS_SB(sb)->procdir->owner = THIS_MODULE;
+                REISERFS_SB(sb)->procdir->data = sb;
+                add_file(sb, "version", show_version);
+                add_file(sb, "super", show_super);
+                add_file(sb, "per-level", show_per_level);
+                add_file(sb, "bitmap", show_bitmap);
+                add_file(sb, "on-disk-super", show_on_disk_super);
+                add_file(sb, "oidmap", show_oidmap);
+                add_file(sb, "journal", show_journal);
+                return 0;
+        }
+        reiserfs_warning(sb, "reiserfs: cannot create /proc/%s/%s",
+                         proc_info_root_name, reiserfs_bdevname (sb) );
+        return 1;
+}
+
+int reiserfs_proc_info_done( struct super_block *sb )
+{
+        struct proc_dir_entry *de = REISERFS_SB(sb)->procdir;
+        if (de) {
+                remove_proc_entry("journal", de);
+                remove_proc_entry("oidmap", de);
+                remove_proc_entry("on-disk-super", de);
+                remove_proc_entry("bitmap", de);
+                remove_proc_entry("per-level", de);
+                remove_proc_entry("super", de);
+                remove_proc_entry("version", de);
+        }
+        spin_lock( & __PINFO( sb ).lock );
+        __PINFO( sb ).exiting = 1;
+        spin_unlock( & __PINFO( sb ).lock );
+        if ( proc_info_root ) {
+                remove_proc_entry( reiserfs_bdevname (sb), proc_info_root );
+                REISERFS_SB(sb)->procdir = NULL;
+        }
+        return 0;
+}
+
+struct proc_dir_entry *reiserfs_proc_register_global( char *name, 
+                                                      read_proc_t *func )
+{
+        return ( proc_info_root ) ? create_proc_read_entry( name, 0, 
+                                                            proc_info_root, 
+                                                            func, NULL ) : NULL;
+}
+
+void reiserfs_proc_unregister_global( const char *name )
+{
+        remove_proc_entry( name, proc_info_root );
+}
+
+int reiserfs_proc_info_global_init( void )
+{
+        if( proc_info_root == NULL ) {
+                proc_info_root = proc_mkdir(proc_info_root_name, NULL);
+                if( proc_info_root ) {
+                        proc_info_root -> owner = THIS_MODULE;
+                } else {
+                        reiserfs_warning (NULL,
+                                          "reiserfs: cannot create /proc/%s",
+                                          proc_info_root_name );
+                        return 1;
+                }
+        }
+        return 0;
+}
+
+int reiserfs_proc_info_global_done( void )
+{
+        if ( proc_info_root != NULL ) {
+                proc_info_root = NULL;
+                remove_proc_entry(proc_info_root_name, NULL);
+        }
+        return 0;
+}
+
+/* REISERFS_PROC_INFO */
+#else
+
+int reiserfs_proc_info_init( struct super_block *sb ) { return 0; }
+int reiserfs_proc_info_done( struct super_block *sb ) { return 0; }
+
+struct proc_dir_entry *reiserfs_proc_register_global( char *name, 
+                                                      read_proc_t *func )
+{ return NULL; }
+
+void reiserfs_proc_unregister_global( const char *name ) {;}
+
+int reiserfs_proc_info_global_init( void ) { return 0; }
+int reiserfs_proc_info_global_done( void ) { return 0; }
+
+int reiserfs_global_version_in_proc( char *buffer, char **start, 
+                                     off_t offset,
+                                     int count, int *eof, void *data )
+{ return 0; }
+
+/* REISERFS_PROC_INFO */
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * $Log: procfs.c,v $
+ * Revision 1.1.8.2  2001/07/15 17:08:42  god
+ *  . use get_super() in procfs.c
+ *  . remove remove_save_link() from reiserfs_do_truncate()
+ *
+ * I accept terms and conditions stated in the Legal Agreement
+ * (available at http://www.namesys.com/legalese.html)
+ *
+ * Revision 1.1.8.1  2001/07/11 16:48:50  god
+ * proc info support
+ *
+ * I accept terms and conditions stated in the Legal Agreement
+ * (available at http://www.namesys.com/legalese.html)
+ *
+ */
+
+/* 
+ * Make Linus happy.
+ * Local variables:
+ * c-indentation-style: "K&R"
+ * mode-name: "LC"
+ * c-basic-offset: 8
+ * tab-width: 8
+ * End:
+ */
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/resize.c b/fs/reiserfs/resize.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..170012078b76
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/resize.c
@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+/* 
+ * Copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, licensing governed by reiserfs/README
+ */
+ 
+/* 
+ * Written by Alexander Zarochentcev.
+ *
+ * The kernel part of the (on-line) reiserfs resizer.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/mm.h>
+#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <linux/errno.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_fs.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_fs_sb.h>
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+
+int reiserfs_resize (struct super_block * s, unsigned long block_count_new)
+{
+        int err = 0;
+        struct reiserfs_super_block * sb;
+        struct reiserfs_bitmap_info *bitmap;
+        struct reiserfs_bitmap_info *old_bitmap = SB_AP_BITMAP(s);
+        struct buffer_head * bh;
+        struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+        unsigned int bmap_nr_new, bmap_nr;
+        unsigned int block_r_new, block_r;
+        
+        struct reiserfs_list_bitmap * jb;
+        struct reiserfs_list_bitmap jbitmap[JOURNAL_NUM_BITMAPS];
+        
+        unsigned long int block_count, free_blocks;
+        int i;
+        int copy_size ;
+
+        sb = SB_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s);
+
+        if (SB_BLOCK_COUNT(s) >= block_count_new) {
+                printk("can\'t shrink filesystem on-line\n");
+                return -EINVAL;
+        }
+
+        /* check the device size */
+        bh = sb_bread(s, block_count_new - 1);
+        if (!bh) {
+                printk("reiserfs_resize: can\'t read last block\n");
+                return -EINVAL;
+        }       
+        bforget(bh);
+
+        /* old disk layout detection; those partitions can be mounted, but
+         * cannot be resized */
+        if (SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s)->b_blocknr *   SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s)->b_size 
+                != REISERFS_DISK_OFFSET_IN_BYTES ) {
+                printk("reiserfs_resize: unable to resize a reiserfs without distributed bitmap (fs version < 3.5.12)\n");
+                return -ENOTSUPP;
+        }
+       
+        /* count used bits in last bitmap block */
+        block_r = SB_BLOCK_COUNT(s) -
+                (SB_BMAP_NR(s) - 1) * s->s_blocksize * 8;
+        
+        /* count bitmap blocks in new fs */
+        bmap_nr_new = block_count_new / ( s->s_blocksize * 8 );
+        block_r_new = block_count_new - bmap_nr_new * s->s_blocksize * 8;
+        if (block_r_new) 
+                bmap_nr_new++;
+        else
+                block_r_new = s->s_blocksize * 8;
+
+        /* save old values */
+        block_count = SB_BLOCK_COUNT(s);
+        bmap_nr     = SB_BMAP_NR(s);
+
+        /* resizing of reiserfs bitmaps (journal and real), if needed */
+        if (bmap_nr_new > bmap_nr) {        
+            /* reallocate journal bitmaps */
+            if (reiserfs_allocate_list_bitmaps(s, jbitmap, bmap_nr_new) < 0) {
+                printk("reiserfs_resize: unable to allocate memory for journal bitmaps\n");
+                unlock_super(s) ;
+                return -ENOMEM ;
+            }
+            /* the new journal bitmaps are zero filled, now we copy in the bitmap
+            ** node pointers from the old journal bitmap structs, and then
+            ** transfer the new data structures into the journal struct.
+            **
+            ** using the copy_size var below allows this code to work for
+            ** both shrinking and expanding the FS.
+            */
+            copy_size = bmap_nr_new < bmap_nr ? bmap_nr_new : bmap_nr ;
+            copy_size = copy_size * sizeof(struct reiserfs_list_bitmap_node *) ;
+            for (i = 0 ; i < JOURNAL_NUM_BITMAPS ; i++) {
+                struct reiserfs_bitmap_node **node_tmp ;
+                jb = SB_JOURNAL(s)->j_list_bitmap + i ;
+                memcpy(jbitmap[i].bitmaps, jb->bitmaps, copy_size) ;
+
+                /* just in case vfree schedules on us, copy the new
+                ** pointer into the journal struct before freeing the 
+                ** old one
+                */
+                node_tmp = jb->bitmaps ;
+                jb->bitmaps = jbitmap[i].bitmaps ;
+                vfree(node_tmp) ;
+            }   
+        
+            /* allocate additional bitmap blocks, reallocate array of bitmap
+             * block pointers */
+            bitmap = vmalloc(sizeof(struct reiserfs_bitmap_info) * bmap_nr_new);
+            if (!bitmap) {
+                /* Journal bitmaps are still supersized, but the memory isn't
+                 * leaked, so I guess it's ok */
+                printk("reiserfs_resize: unable to allocate memory.\n");
+                return -ENOMEM;
+            }
+            memset (bitmap, 0, sizeof (struct reiserfs_bitmap_info) * SB_BMAP_NR(s));
+            for (i = 0; i < bmap_nr; i++)
+                bitmap[i] = old_bitmap[i];
+
+            /* This doesn't go through the journal, but it doesn't have to.
+             * The changes are still atomic: We're synced up when the journal
+             * transaction begins, and the new bitmaps don't matter if the
+             * transaction fails. */
+            for (i = bmap_nr; i < bmap_nr_new; i++) {
+                bitmap[i].bh = sb_getblk(s, i * s->s_blocksize * 8);
+                memset(bitmap[i].bh->b_data, 0, sb_blocksize(sb));
+                reiserfs_test_and_set_le_bit(0, bitmap[i].bh->b_data);
+
+                set_buffer_uptodate(bitmap[i].bh);
+                mark_buffer_dirty(bitmap[i].bh) ;
+                sync_dirty_buffer(bitmap[i].bh);
+                // update bitmap_info stuff
+                bitmap[i].first_zero_hint=1;
+                bitmap[i].free_count = sb_blocksize(sb) * 8 - 1;
+            }   
+            /* free old bitmap blocks array */
+            SB_AP_BITMAP(s) = bitmap;
+            vfree (old_bitmap);
+        }
+        
+        /* begin transaction, if there was an error, it's fine. Yes, we have
+         * incorrect bitmaps now, but none of it is ever going to touch the
+         * disk anyway. */
+        err = journal_begin(&th, s, 10);
+        if (err)
+            return err;
+
+        /* correct last bitmap blocks in old and new disk layout */
+        reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(s, SB_AP_BITMAP(s)[bmap_nr - 1].bh, 1);
+        for (i = block_r; i < s->s_blocksize * 8; i++)
+            reiserfs_test_and_clear_le_bit(i, 
+                                           SB_AP_BITMAP(s)[bmap_nr - 1].bh->b_data);
+        SB_AP_BITMAP(s)[bmap_nr - 1].free_count += s->s_blocksize * 8 - block_r;
+        if ( !SB_AP_BITMAP(s)[bmap_nr - 1].first_zero_hint)
+            SB_AP_BITMAP(s)[bmap_nr - 1].first_zero_hint = block_r;
+
+        journal_mark_dirty(&th, s, SB_AP_BITMAP(s)[bmap_nr - 1].bh);
+
+        reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(s, SB_AP_BITMAP(s)[bmap_nr_new - 1].bh, 1);
+        for (i = block_r_new; i < s->s_blocksize * 8; i++)
+            reiserfs_test_and_set_le_bit(i,
+                                         SB_AP_BITMAP(s)[bmap_nr_new - 1].bh->b_data);
+        journal_mark_dirty(&th, s, SB_AP_BITMAP(s)[bmap_nr_new - 1].bh);
+ 
+        SB_AP_BITMAP(s)[bmap_nr_new - 1].free_count -= s->s_blocksize * 8 - block_r_new;
+        /* Extreme case where last bitmap is the only valid block in itself. */
+        if ( !SB_AP_BITMAP(s)[bmap_nr_new - 1].free_count )
+            SB_AP_BITMAP(s)[bmap_nr_new - 1].first_zero_hint = 0;
+        /* update super */
+        reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(s, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s), 1) ;
+        free_blocks = SB_FREE_BLOCKS(s);
+        PUT_SB_FREE_BLOCKS(s, free_blocks + (block_count_new - block_count - (bmap_nr_new - bmap_nr)));
+        PUT_SB_BLOCK_COUNT(s, block_count_new);
+        PUT_SB_BMAP_NR(s, bmap_nr_new);
+        s->s_dirt = 1;
+
+        journal_mark_dirty(&th, s, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s));
+        
+        SB_JOURNAL(s)->j_must_wait = 1;
+        return journal_end(&th, s, 10);
+}
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/stree.c b/fs/reiserfs/stree.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..73ec5212178b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/stree.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2073 @@
+/*
+ *  Copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, licensing governed by reiserfs/README
+ */
+
+/*
+ *  Written by Anatoly P. Pinchuk pap@namesys.botik.ru
+ *  Programm System Institute
+ *  Pereslavl-Zalessky Russia
+ */
+
+/*
+ *  This file contains functions dealing with S+tree
+ *
+ * B_IS_IN_TREE
+ * copy_item_head
+ * comp_short_keys
+ * comp_keys
+ * comp_short_le_keys
+ * le_key2cpu_key
+ * comp_le_keys
+ * bin_search
+ * get_lkey
+ * get_rkey
+ * key_in_buffer
+ * decrement_bcount
+ * decrement_counters_in_path
+ * reiserfs_check_path
+ * pathrelse_and_restore
+ * pathrelse
+ * search_by_key_reada
+ * search_by_key
+ * search_for_position_by_key
+ * comp_items
+ * prepare_for_direct_item
+ * prepare_for_direntry_item
+ * prepare_for_delete_or_cut
+ * calc_deleted_bytes_number
+ * init_tb_struct
+ * padd_item
+ * reiserfs_delete_item
+ * reiserfs_delete_solid_item
+ * reiserfs_delete_object
+ * maybe_indirect_to_direct
+ * indirect_to_direct_roll_back
+ * reiserfs_cut_from_item
+ * truncate_directory
+ * reiserfs_do_truncate
+ * reiserfs_paste_into_item
+ * reiserfs_insert_item
+ */
+
+#include <linux/config.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <linux/pagemap.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_fs.h>
+#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+#include <linux/quotaops.h>
+
+/* Does the buffer contain a disk block which is in the tree. */
+inline int B_IS_IN_TREE (const struct buffer_head * p_s_bh)
+{
+
+  RFALSE( B_LEVEL (p_s_bh) > MAX_HEIGHT,
+          "PAP-1010: block (%b) has too big level (%z)", p_s_bh, p_s_bh);
+
+  return ( B_LEVEL (p_s_bh) != FREE_LEVEL );
+}
+
+//
+// to gets item head in le form
+//
+inline void copy_item_head(struct item_head * p_v_to, 
+                           const struct item_head * p_v_from)
+{
+  memcpy (p_v_to, p_v_from, IH_SIZE);
+}
+
+
+/* k1 is pointer to on-disk structure which is stored in little-endian
+   form. k2 is pointer to cpu variable. For key of items of the same
+   object this returns 0.
+   Returns: -1 if key1 < key2 
+   0 if key1 == key2
+   1 if key1 > key2 */
+inline int  comp_short_keys (const struct reiserfs_key * le_key,
+                             const struct cpu_key * cpu_key)
+{
+  __u32 * p_s_le_u32, * p_s_cpu_u32;
+  int n_key_length = REISERFS_SHORT_KEY_LEN;
+
+  p_s_le_u32 = (__u32 *)le_key;
+  p_s_cpu_u32 = (__u32 *)&cpu_key->on_disk_key;
+  for( ; n_key_length--; ++p_s_le_u32, ++p_s_cpu_u32 ) {
+    if ( le32_to_cpu (*p_s_le_u32) < *p_s_cpu_u32 )
+      return -1;
+    if ( le32_to_cpu (*p_s_le_u32) > *p_s_cpu_u32 )
+      return 1;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+
+/* k1 is pointer to on-disk structure which is stored in little-endian
+   form. k2 is pointer to cpu variable.
+   Compare keys using all 4 key fields.
+   Returns: -1 if key1 < key2 0
+   if key1 = key2 1 if key1 > key2 */
+static inline int  comp_keys (const struct reiserfs_key * le_key, const struct cpu_key * cpu_key)
+{
+  int retval;
+
+  retval = comp_short_keys (le_key, cpu_key);
+  if (retval)
+      return retval;
+  if (le_key_k_offset (le_key_version(le_key), le_key) < cpu_key_k_offset (cpu_key))
+      return -1;
+  if (le_key_k_offset (le_key_version(le_key), le_key) > cpu_key_k_offset (cpu_key))
+      return 1;
+
+  if (cpu_key->key_length == 3)
+      return 0;
+
+  /* this part is needed only when tail conversion is in progress */
+  if (le_key_k_type (le_key_version(le_key), le_key) < cpu_key_k_type (cpu_key))
+    return -1;
+
+  if (le_key_k_type (le_key_version(le_key), le_key) > cpu_key_k_type (cpu_key))
+    return 1;
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+
+inline int comp_short_le_keys (const struct reiserfs_key * key1, const struct reiserfs_key * key2)
+{
+  __u32 * p_s_1_u32, * p_s_2_u32;
+  int n_key_length = REISERFS_SHORT_KEY_LEN;
+
+  p_s_1_u32 = (__u32 *)key1;
+  p_s_2_u32 = (__u32 *)key2;
+  for( ; n_key_length--; ++p_s_1_u32, ++p_s_2_u32 ) {
+    if ( le32_to_cpu (*p_s_1_u32) < le32_to_cpu (*p_s_2_u32) )
+      return -1;
+    if ( le32_to_cpu (*p_s_1_u32) > le32_to_cpu (*p_s_2_u32) )
+      return 1;
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+inline void le_key2cpu_key (struct cpu_key * to, const struct reiserfs_key * from)
+{
+    to->on_disk_key.k_dir_id = le32_to_cpu (from->k_dir_id);
+    to->on_disk_key.k_objectid = le32_to_cpu (from->k_objectid);
+    
+    // find out version of the key
+    to->version = le_key_version (from);
+    if (to->version == KEY_FORMAT_3_5) {
+        to->on_disk_key.u.k_offset_v1.k_offset = le32_to_cpu (from->u.k_offset_v1.k_offset);
+        to->on_disk_key.u.k_offset_v1.k_uniqueness = le32_to_cpu (from->u.k_offset_v1.k_uniqueness);
+    } else {
+        to->on_disk_key.u.k_offset_v2.k_offset = offset_v2_k_offset(&from->u.k_offset_v2);
+        to->on_disk_key.u.k_offset_v2.k_type = offset_v2_k_type(&from->u.k_offset_v2);
+    } 
+}
+
+
+
+// this does not say which one is bigger, it only returns 1 if keys
+// are not equal, 0 otherwise
+inline int comp_le_keys (const struct reiserfs_key * k1, const struct reiserfs_key * k2)
+{
+    return memcmp (k1, k2, sizeof (struct reiserfs_key));
+}
+
+/**************************************************************************
+ *  Binary search toolkit function                                        *
+ *  Search for an item in the array by the item key                       *
+ *  Returns:    1 if found,  0 if not found;                              *
+ *        *p_n_pos = number of the searched element if found, else the    *
+ *        number of the first element that is larger than p_v_key.        *
+ **************************************************************************/
+/* For those not familiar with binary search: n_lbound is the leftmost item that it
+ could be, n_rbound the rightmost item that it could be.  We examine the item
+ halfway between n_lbound and n_rbound, and that tells us either that we can increase
+ n_lbound, or decrease n_rbound, or that we have found it, or if n_lbound <= n_rbound that
+ there are no possible items, and we have not found it. With each examination we
+ cut the number of possible items it could be by one more than half rounded down,
+ or we find it. */
+static inline   int bin_search (
+              const void * p_v_key, /* Key to search for.                   */
+              const void * p_v_base,/* First item in the array.             */
+              int       p_n_num,    /* Number of items in the array.        */
+              int       p_n_width,  /* Item size in the array.
+                                       searched. Lest the reader be
+                                       confused, note that this is crafted
+                                       as a general function, and when it
+                                       is applied specifically to the array
+                                       of item headers in a node, p_n_width
+                                       is actually the item header size not
+                                       the item size.                      */
+              int     * p_n_pos     /* Number of the searched for element. */
+            ) {
+    int   n_rbound, n_lbound, n_j;
+
+   for ( n_j = ((n_rbound = p_n_num - 1) + (n_lbound = 0))/2; n_lbound <= n_rbound; n_j = (n_rbound + n_lbound)/2 )
+     switch( comp_keys((struct reiserfs_key *)((char * )p_v_base + n_j * p_n_width), (struct cpu_key *)p_v_key) )  {
+     case -1: n_lbound = n_j + 1; continue;
+     case  1: n_rbound = n_j - 1; continue;
+     case  0: *p_n_pos = n_j;     return ITEM_FOUND; /* Key found in the array.  */
+        }
+
+    /* bin_search did not find given key, it returns position of key,
+        that is minimal and greater than the given one. */
+    *p_n_pos = n_lbound;
+    return ITEM_NOT_FOUND;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+extern struct tree_balance * cur_tb;
+#endif
+
+
+
+/* Minimal possible key. It is never in the tree. */
+const struct reiserfs_key  MIN_KEY = {0, 0, {{0, 0},}};
+
+/* Maximal possible key. It is never in the tree. */
+const struct reiserfs_key  MAX_KEY = {0xffffffff, 0xffffffff, {{0xffffffff, 0xffffffff},}};
+
+
+/* Get delimiting key of the buffer by looking for it in the buffers in the path, starting from the bottom
+   of the path, and going upwards.  We must check the path's validity at each step.  If the key is not in
+   the path, there is no delimiting key in the tree (buffer is first or last buffer in tree), and in this
+   case we return a special key, either MIN_KEY or MAX_KEY. */
+static inline   const struct  reiserfs_key * get_lkey  (
+                        const struct path         * p_s_chk_path,
+                        const struct super_block  * p_s_sb
+                      ) {
+  int                   n_position, n_path_offset = p_s_chk_path->path_length;
+  struct buffer_head  * p_s_parent;
+  
+  RFALSE( n_path_offset < FIRST_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET, 
+          "PAP-5010: invalid offset in the path");
+
+  /* While not higher in path than first element. */
+  while ( n_path_offset-- > FIRST_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET ) {
+
+    RFALSE( ! buffer_uptodate(PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(p_s_chk_path, n_path_offset)),
+            "PAP-5020: parent is not uptodate");
+
+    /* Parent at the path is not in the tree now. */
+    if ( ! B_IS_IN_TREE(p_s_parent = PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(p_s_chk_path, n_path_offset)) )
+      return &MAX_KEY;
+    /* Check whether position in the parent is correct. */
+    if ( (n_position = PATH_OFFSET_POSITION(p_s_chk_path, n_path_offset)) > B_NR_ITEMS(p_s_parent) )
+       return &MAX_KEY;
+    /* Check whether parent at the path really points to the child. */
+    if ( B_N_CHILD_NUM(p_s_parent, n_position) !=
+         PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(p_s_chk_path, n_path_offset + 1)->b_blocknr )
+      return &MAX_KEY;
+    /* Return delimiting key if position in the parent is not equal to zero. */
+    if ( n_position )
+      return B_N_PDELIM_KEY(p_s_parent, n_position - 1);
+  }
+  /* Return MIN_KEY if we are in the root of the buffer tree. */
+  if ( PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(p_s_chk_path, FIRST_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET)->b_blocknr ==
+       SB_ROOT_BLOCK (p_s_sb) )
+    return &MIN_KEY;
+  return  &MAX_KEY;
+}
+
+
+/* Get delimiting key of the buffer at the path and its right neighbor. */
+inline  const struct  reiserfs_key * get_rkey  (
+                        const struct path         * p_s_chk_path,
+                        const struct super_block  * p_s_sb
+                      ) {
+  int                   n_position,
+                        n_path_offset = p_s_chk_path->path_length;
+  struct buffer_head  * p_s_parent;
+
+  RFALSE( n_path_offset < FIRST_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET,
+          "PAP-5030: invalid offset in the path");
+
+  while ( n_path_offset-- > FIRST_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET ) {
+
+    RFALSE( ! buffer_uptodate(PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(p_s_chk_path, n_path_offset)),
+            "PAP-5040: parent is not uptodate");
+
+    /* Parent at the path is not in the tree now. */
+    if ( ! B_IS_IN_TREE(p_s_parent = PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(p_s_chk_path, n_path_offset)) )
+      return &MIN_KEY;
+    /* Check whether position in the parent is correct. */
+    if ( (n_position = PATH_OFFSET_POSITION(p_s_chk_path, n_path_offset)) > B_NR_ITEMS(p_s_parent) )
+      return &MIN_KEY;
+    /* Check whether parent at the path really points to the child. */
+    if ( B_N_CHILD_NUM(p_s_parent, n_position) !=
+                                        PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(p_s_chk_path, n_path_offset + 1)->b_blocknr )
+      return &MIN_KEY;
+    /* Return delimiting key if position in the parent is not the last one. */
+    if ( n_position != B_NR_ITEMS(p_s_parent) )
+      return B_N_PDELIM_KEY(p_s_parent, n_position);
+  }
+  /* Return MAX_KEY if we are in the root of the buffer tree. */
+  if ( PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(p_s_chk_path, FIRST_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET)->b_blocknr ==
+       SB_ROOT_BLOCK (p_s_sb) )
+    return &MAX_KEY;
+  return  &MIN_KEY;
+}
+
+
+/* Check whether a key is contained in the tree rooted from a buffer at a path. */
+/* This works by looking at the left and right delimiting keys for the buffer in the last path_element in
+   the path.  These delimiting keys are stored at least one level above that buffer in the tree. If the
+   buffer is the first or last node in the tree order then one of the delimiting keys may be absent, and in
+   this case get_lkey and get_rkey return a special key which is MIN_KEY or MAX_KEY. */
+static  inline  int key_in_buffer (
+                      struct path         * p_s_chk_path, /* Path which should be checked.  */
+                      const struct cpu_key      * p_s_key,      /* Key which should be checked.   */
+                      struct super_block  * p_s_sb        /* Super block pointer.           */
+                      ) {
+
+  RFALSE( ! p_s_key || p_s_chk_path->path_length < FIRST_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET ||
+          p_s_chk_path->path_length > MAX_HEIGHT,
+          "PAP-5050: pointer to the key(%p) is NULL or invalid path length(%d)",
+          p_s_key, p_s_chk_path->path_length);
+  RFALSE( !PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(p_s_chk_path)->b_bdev,
+          "PAP-5060: device must not be NODEV");
+
+  if ( comp_keys(get_lkey(p_s_chk_path, p_s_sb), p_s_key) == 1 )
+    /* left delimiting key is bigger, that the key we look for */
+    return 0;
+  //  if ( comp_keys(p_s_key, get_rkey(p_s_chk_path, p_s_sb)) != -1 )
+  if ( comp_keys(get_rkey(p_s_chk_path, p_s_sb), p_s_key) != 1 )
+    /* p_s_key must be less than right delimitiing key */
+    return 0;
+  return 1;
+}
+
+
+inline void decrement_bcount(
+              struct buffer_head  * p_s_bh
+            ) { 
+  if ( p_s_bh ) {
+    if ( atomic_read (&(p_s_bh->b_count)) ) {
+      put_bh(p_s_bh) ;
+      return;
+    }
+    reiserfs_panic(NULL, "PAP-5070: decrement_bcount: trying to free free buffer %b", p_s_bh);
+  }
+}
+
+
+/* Decrement b_count field of the all buffers in the path. */
+void decrement_counters_in_path (
+              struct path * p_s_search_path
+            ) {
+  int n_path_offset = p_s_search_path->path_length;
+
+  RFALSE( n_path_offset < ILLEGAL_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET ||
+          n_path_offset > EXTENDED_MAX_HEIGHT - 1,
+          "PAP-5080: invalid path offset of %d", n_path_offset);
+
+  while ( n_path_offset > ILLEGAL_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET ) {
+    struct buffer_head * bh;
+
+    bh = PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(p_s_search_path, n_path_offset--);
+    decrement_bcount (bh);
+  }
+  p_s_search_path->path_length = ILLEGAL_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET;
+}
+
+
+int reiserfs_check_path(struct path *p) {
+  RFALSE( p->path_length != ILLEGAL_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET,
+          "path not properly relsed") ;
+  return 0 ;
+}
+
+
+/* Release all buffers in the path. Restore dirty bits clean
+** when preparing the buffer for the log
+**
+** only called from fix_nodes()
+*/
+void  pathrelse_and_restore (
+        struct super_block *s, 
+        struct path * p_s_search_path
+      ) {
+  int n_path_offset = p_s_search_path->path_length;
+
+  RFALSE( n_path_offset < ILLEGAL_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET, 
+          "clm-4000: invalid path offset");
+  
+  while ( n_path_offset > ILLEGAL_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET )  {
+    reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(s, PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(p_s_search_path, 
+                                     n_path_offset));
+    brelse(PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(p_s_search_path, n_path_offset--));
+  }
+  p_s_search_path->path_length = ILLEGAL_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET;
+}
+
+/* Release all buffers in the path. */
+void  pathrelse (
+        struct path * p_s_search_path
+      ) {
+  int n_path_offset = p_s_search_path->path_length;
+
+  RFALSE( n_path_offset < ILLEGAL_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET,
+          "PAP-5090: invalid path offset");
+  
+  while ( n_path_offset > ILLEGAL_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET )  
+    brelse(PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(p_s_search_path, n_path_offset--));
+
+  p_s_search_path->path_length = ILLEGAL_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET;
+}
+
+
+
+static int is_leaf (char * buf, int blocksize, struct buffer_head * bh)
+{
+    struct block_head * blkh;
+    struct item_head * ih;
+    int used_space;
+    int prev_location;
+    int i;
+    int nr;
+
+    blkh = (struct block_head *)buf;
+    if ( blkh_level(blkh) != DISK_LEAF_NODE_LEVEL) {
+        reiserfs_warning (NULL, "is_leaf: this should be caught earlier");
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    nr = blkh_nr_item(blkh);
+    if (nr < 1 || nr > ((blocksize - BLKH_SIZE) / (IH_SIZE + MIN_ITEM_LEN))) {
+        /* item number is too big or too small */
+        reiserfs_warning (NULL, "is_leaf: nr_item seems wrong: %z", bh);
+        return 0;
+    }
+    ih = (struct item_head *)(buf + BLKH_SIZE) + nr - 1;
+    used_space = BLKH_SIZE + IH_SIZE * nr + (blocksize - ih_location (ih));
+    if (used_space != blocksize - blkh_free_space(blkh)) {
+        /* free space does not match to calculated amount of use space */
+        reiserfs_warning (NULL, "is_leaf: free space seems wrong: %z", bh);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    // FIXME: it is_leaf will hit performance too much - we may have
+    // return 1 here
+
+    /* check tables of item heads */
+    ih = (struct item_head *)(buf + BLKH_SIZE);
+    prev_location = blocksize;
+    for (i = 0; i < nr; i ++, ih ++) {
+        if ( le_ih_k_type(ih) == TYPE_ANY) {
+            reiserfs_warning (NULL, "is_leaf: wrong item type for item %h",ih);
+            return 0;
+        }
+        if (ih_location (ih) >= blocksize || ih_location (ih) < IH_SIZE * nr) {
+            reiserfs_warning (NULL, "is_leaf: item location seems wrong: %h", ih);
+            return 0;
+        }
+        if (ih_item_len (ih) < 1 || ih_item_len (ih) > MAX_ITEM_LEN (blocksize)) {
+            reiserfs_warning (NULL, "is_leaf: item length seems wrong: %h", ih);
+            return 0;
+        }
+        if (prev_location - ih_location (ih) != ih_item_len (ih)) {
+            reiserfs_warning (NULL, "is_leaf: item location seems wrong (second one): %h", ih);
+            return 0;
+        }
+        prev_location = ih_location (ih);
+    }
+
+    // one may imagine much more checks
+    return 1;
+}
+
+
+/* returns 1 if buf looks like an internal node, 0 otherwise */
+static int is_internal (char * buf, int blocksize, struct buffer_head * bh)
+{
+    struct block_head * blkh;
+    int nr;
+    int used_space;
+
+    blkh = (struct block_head *)buf;
+    nr = blkh_level(blkh);
+    if (nr <= DISK_LEAF_NODE_LEVEL || nr > MAX_HEIGHT) {
+        /* this level is not possible for internal nodes */
+        reiserfs_warning (NULL, "is_internal: this should be caught earlier");
+        return 0;
+    }
+    
+    nr = blkh_nr_item(blkh);
+    if (nr > (blocksize - BLKH_SIZE - DC_SIZE) / (KEY_SIZE + DC_SIZE)) {
+        /* for internal which is not root we might check min number of keys */
+        reiserfs_warning (NULL, "is_internal: number of key seems wrong: %z", bh);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    used_space = BLKH_SIZE + KEY_SIZE * nr + DC_SIZE * (nr + 1);
+    if (used_space != blocksize - blkh_free_space(blkh)) {
+        reiserfs_warning (NULL, "is_internal: free space seems wrong: %z", bh);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    // one may imagine much more checks
+    return 1;
+}
+
+
+// make sure that bh contains formatted node of reiserfs tree of
+// 'level'-th level
+static int is_tree_node (struct buffer_head * bh, int level)
+{
+    if (B_LEVEL (bh) != level) {
+        reiserfs_warning (NULL, "is_tree_node: node level %d does not match to the expected one %d",
+                B_LEVEL (bh), level);
+        return 0;
+    }
+    if (level == DISK_LEAF_NODE_LEVEL)
+        return is_leaf (bh->b_data, bh->b_size, bh);
+
+    return is_internal (bh->b_data, bh->b_size, bh);
+}
+
+
+
+#define SEARCH_BY_KEY_READA 16
+
+/* The function is NOT SCHEDULE-SAFE! */
+static void search_by_key_reada (struct super_block * s,
+                                 struct buffer_head **bh,
+                                 unsigned long *b, int num)
+{
+    int i,j;
+  
+    for (i = 0 ; i < num ; i++) {
+        bh[i] = sb_getblk (s, b[i]);
+    }
+    for (j = 0 ; j < i ; j++) {
+        /*
+         * note, this needs attention if we are getting rid of the BKL
+         * you have to make sure the prepared bit isn't set on this buffer
+         */
+        if (!buffer_uptodate(bh[j]))
+            ll_rw_block(READA, 1, bh + j);
+        brelse(bh[j]);
+    }
+}
+
+/**************************************************************************
+ * Algorithm   SearchByKey                                                *
+ *             look for item in the Disk S+Tree by its key                *
+ * Input:  p_s_sb   -  super block                                        *
+ *         p_s_key  - pointer to the key to search                        *
+ * Output: ITEM_FOUND, ITEM_NOT_FOUND or IO_ERROR                         *
+ *         p_s_search_path - path from the root to the needed leaf        *
+ **************************************************************************/
+
+/* This function fills up the path from the root to the leaf as it
+   descends the tree looking for the key.  It uses reiserfs_bread to
+   try to find buffers in the cache given their block number.  If it
+   does not find them in the cache it reads them from disk.  For each
+   node search_by_key finds using reiserfs_bread it then uses
+   bin_search to look through that node.  bin_search will find the
+   position of the block_number of the next node if it is looking
+   through an internal node.  If it is looking through a leaf node
+   bin_search will find the position of the item which has key either
+   equal to given key, or which is the maximal key less than the given
+   key.  search_by_key returns a path that must be checked for the
+   correctness of the top of the path but need not be checked for the
+   correctness of the bottom of the path */
+/* The function is NOT SCHEDULE-SAFE! */
+int search_by_key (struct super_block * p_s_sb,
+                   const struct cpu_key * p_s_key, /* Key to search. */
+                   struct path * p_s_search_path, /* This structure was
+                                                     allocated and initialized
+                                                     by the calling
+                                                     function. It is filled up
+                                                     by this function.  */
+                   int n_stop_level /* How far down the tree to search. To
+                                       stop at leaf level - set to
+                                       DISK_LEAF_NODE_LEVEL */
+    ) {
+    int  n_block_number;
+    int  expected_level;
+    struct buffer_head  *       p_s_bh;
+    struct path_element *       p_s_last_element;
+    int                         n_node_level, n_retval;
+    int                         right_neighbor_of_leaf_node;
+    int                         fs_gen;
+    struct buffer_head *reada_bh[SEARCH_BY_KEY_READA];
+    unsigned long      reada_blocks[SEARCH_BY_KEY_READA];
+    int reada_count = 0;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+    int n_repeat_counter = 0;
+#endif
+    
+    PROC_INFO_INC( p_s_sb, search_by_key );
+    
+    /* As we add each node to a path we increase its count.  This means that
+       we must be careful to release all nodes in a path before we either
+       discard the path struct or re-use the path struct, as we do here. */
+
+    decrement_counters_in_path(p_s_search_path);
+
+    right_neighbor_of_leaf_node = 0;
+
+    /* With each iteration of this loop we search through the items in the
+       current node, and calculate the next current node(next path element)
+       for the next iteration of this loop.. */
+    n_block_number = SB_ROOT_BLOCK (p_s_sb);
+    expected_level = -1;
+    while ( 1 ) {
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+        if ( !(++n_repeat_counter % 50000) )
+            reiserfs_warning (p_s_sb, "PAP-5100: search_by_key: %s:"
+                              "there were %d iterations of while loop "
+                              "looking for key %K",
+                              current->comm, n_repeat_counter, p_s_key);
+#endif
+
+        /* prep path to have another element added to it. */
+        p_s_last_element = PATH_OFFSET_PELEMENT(p_s_search_path, ++p_s_search_path->path_length);
+        fs_gen = get_generation (p_s_sb);
+
+        /* Read the next tree node, and set the last element in the path to
+           have a pointer to it. */
+        if ((p_s_bh = p_s_last_element->pe_buffer =
+             sb_getblk(p_s_sb, n_block_number)) ) {
+            if (!buffer_uptodate(p_s_bh) && reada_count > 1) {
+                search_by_key_reada (p_s_sb, reada_bh,
+                                     reada_blocks, reada_count);
+            }
+            ll_rw_block(READ, 1, &p_s_bh);
+            wait_on_buffer(p_s_bh);
+            if (!buffer_uptodate(p_s_bh))
+                goto io_error;
+        } else {
+io_error:
+            p_s_search_path->path_length --;
+            pathrelse(p_s_search_path);
+            return IO_ERROR;
+        }
+        reada_count = 0;
+        if (expected_level == -1)
+                expected_level = SB_TREE_HEIGHT (p_s_sb);
+        expected_level --;
+
+        /* It is possible that schedule occurred. We must check whether the key
+           to search is still in the tree rooted from the current buffer. If
+           not then repeat search from the root. */
+        if ( fs_changed (fs_gen, p_s_sb) && 
+            (!B_IS_IN_TREE (p_s_bh) ||
+             B_LEVEL(p_s_bh) != expected_level ||
+             !key_in_buffer(p_s_search_path, p_s_key, p_s_sb))) {
+            PROC_INFO_INC( p_s_sb, search_by_key_fs_changed );
+            PROC_INFO_INC( p_s_sb, search_by_key_restarted );
+            PROC_INFO_INC( p_s_sb, sbk_restarted[ expected_level - 1 ] );
+            decrement_counters_in_path(p_s_search_path);
+            
+            /* Get the root block number so that we can repeat the search
+               starting from the root. */
+            n_block_number = SB_ROOT_BLOCK (p_s_sb);
+            expected_level = -1;
+            right_neighbor_of_leaf_node = 0;
+            
+            /* repeat search from the root */
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        /* only check that the key is in the buffer if p_s_key is not
+           equal to the MAX_KEY. Latter case is only possible in
+           "finish_unfinished()" processing during mount. */
+        RFALSE( comp_keys( &MAX_KEY, p_s_key ) &&
+                ! key_in_buffer(p_s_search_path, p_s_key, p_s_sb),
+                "PAP-5130: key is not in the buffer");
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+        if ( cur_tb ) {
+            print_cur_tb ("5140");
+            reiserfs_panic(p_s_sb, "PAP-5140: search_by_key: schedule occurred in do_balance!");
+        }
+#endif
+
+        // make sure, that the node contents look like a node of
+        // certain level
+        if (!is_tree_node (p_s_bh, expected_level)) {
+            reiserfs_warning (p_s_sb, "vs-5150: search_by_key: "
+                              "invalid format found in block %ld. Fsck?",
+                              p_s_bh->b_blocknr);
+            pathrelse (p_s_search_path);
+            return IO_ERROR;
+        }
+        
+        /* ok, we have acquired next formatted node in the tree */
+        n_node_level = B_LEVEL (p_s_bh);
+
+        PROC_INFO_BH_STAT( p_s_sb, p_s_bh, n_node_level - 1 );
+
+        RFALSE( n_node_level < n_stop_level,
+                "vs-5152: tree level (%d) is less than stop level (%d)",
+                n_node_level, n_stop_level);
+
+        n_retval = bin_search( p_s_key, B_N_PITEM_HEAD(p_s_bh, 0),
+                B_NR_ITEMS(p_s_bh),
+                ( n_node_level == DISK_LEAF_NODE_LEVEL ) ? IH_SIZE : KEY_SIZE,
+                &(p_s_last_element->pe_position));
+        if (n_node_level == n_stop_level) {
+            return n_retval;
+        }
+
+        /* we are not in the stop level */
+        if (n_retval == ITEM_FOUND)
+            /* item has been found, so we choose the pointer which is to the right of the found one */
+            p_s_last_element->pe_position++;
+
+        /* if item was not found we choose the position which is to
+           the left of the found item. This requires no code,
+           bin_search did it already.*/
+
+        /* So we have chosen a position in the current node which is
+           an internal node.  Now we calculate child block number by
+           position in the node. */
+        n_block_number = B_N_CHILD_NUM(p_s_bh, p_s_last_element->pe_position);
+
+        /* if we are going to read leaf nodes, try for read ahead as well */
+        if ((p_s_search_path->reada & PATH_READA) &&
+            n_node_level == DISK_LEAF_NODE_LEVEL + 1)
+        {
+            int pos = p_s_last_element->pe_position;
+            int limit = B_NR_ITEMS(p_s_bh);
+            struct reiserfs_key *le_key;
+
+            if (p_s_search_path->reada & PATH_READA_BACK)
+                limit = 0;
+            while(reada_count < SEARCH_BY_KEY_READA) {
+                if (pos == limit)
+                    break;
+                reada_blocks[reada_count++] = B_N_CHILD_NUM(p_s_bh, pos);
+                if (p_s_search_path->reada & PATH_READA_BACK)
+                    pos--;
+                else
+                    pos++;
+
+                /*
+                 * check to make sure we're in the same object
+                 */
+                le_key = B_N_PDELIM_KEY(p_s_bh, pos);
+                if (le32_to_cpu(le_key->k_objectid) !=
+                    p_s_key->on_disk_key.k_objectid)
+                {
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
+/* Form the path to an item and position in this item which contains
+   file byte defined by p_s_key. If there is no such item
+   corresponding to the key, we point the path to the item with
+   maximal key less than p_s_key, and *p_n_pos_in_item is set to one
+   past the last entry/byte in the item.  If searching for entry in a
+   directory item, and it is not found, *p_n_pos_in_item is set to one
+   entry more than the entry with maximal key which is less than the
+   sought key.
+
+   Note that if there is no entry in this same node which is one more,
+   then we point to an imaginary entry.  for direct items, the
+   position is in units of bytes, for indirect items the position is
+   in units of blocknr entries, for directory items the position is in
+   units of directory entries.  */
+
+/* The function is NOT SCHEDULE-SAFE! */
+int search_for_position_by_key (struct super_block  * p_s_sb,         /* Pointer to the super block.          */
+                                const struct cpu_key  * p_cpu_key,      /* Key to search (cpu variable)         */
+                                struct path         * p_s_search_path /* Filled up by this function.          */
+    ) {
+    struct item_head    * p_le_ih; /* pointer to on-disk structure */
+    int                   n_blk_size;
+    loff_t item_offset, offset;
+    struct reiserfs_dir_entry de;
+    int retval;
+
+    /* If searching for directory entry. */
+    if ( is_direntry_cpu_key (p_cpu_key) )
+        return  search_by_entry_key (p_s_sb, p_cpu_key, p_s_search_path, &de);
+
+    /* If not searching for directory entry. */
+    
+    /* If item is found. */
+    retval = search_item (p_s_sb, p_cpu_key, p_s_search_path);
+    if (retval == IO_ERROR)
+        return retval;
+    if ( retval == ITEM_FOUND )  {
+
+        RFALSE( ! ih_item_len(
+                B_N_PITEM_HEAD(PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(p_s_search_path),
+                               PATH_LAST_POSITION(p_s_search_path))),
+                "PAP-5165: item length equals zero");
+
+        pos_in_item(p_s_search_path) = 0;
+        return POSITION_FOUND;
+    }
+
+    RFALSE( ! PATH_LAST_POSITION(p_s_search_path),
+            "PAP-5170: position equals zero");
+
+    /* Item is not found. Set path to the previous item. */
+    p_le_ih = B_N_PITEM_HEAD(PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(p_s_search_path), --PATH_LAST_POSITION(p_s_search_path));
+    n_blk_size = p_s_sb->s_blocksize;
+
+    if (comp_short_keys (&(p_le_ih->ih_key), p_cpu_key)) {
+        return FILE_NOT_FOUND;
+    }
+
+    // FIXME: quite ugly this far
+
+    item_offset = le_ih_k_offset (p_le_ih);
+    offset = cpu_key_k_offset (p_cpu_key);
+
+    /* Needed byte is contained in the item pointed to by the path.*/
+    if (item_offset <= offset &&
+        item_offset + op_bytes_number (p_le_ih, n_blk_size) > offset) {
+        pos_in_item (p_s_search_path) = offset - item_offset;
+        if ( is_indirect_le_ih(p_le_ih) ) {
+            pos_in_item (p_s_search_path) /= n_blk_size;
+        }
+        return POSITION_FOUND;
+    }
+
+    /* Needed byte is not contained in the item pointed to by the
+     path. Set pos_in_item out of the item. */
+    if ( is_indirect_le_ih (p_le_ih) )
+        pos_in_item (p_s_search_path) = ih_item_len(p_le_ih) / UNFM_P_SIZE;
+    else
+        pos_in_item (p_s_search_path) = ih_item_len( p_le_ih );
+  
+    return POSITION_NOT_FOUND;
+}
+
+
+/* Compare given item and item pointed to by the path. */
+int comp_items (const struct item_head * stored_ih, const struct path * p_s_path)
+{
+    struct buffer_head  * p_s_bh;
+    struct item_head    * ih;
+
+    /* Last buffer at the path is not in the tree. */
+    if ( ! B_IS_IN_TREE(p_s_bh = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(p_s_path)) )
+        return 1;
+
+    /* Last path position is invalid. */
+    if ( PATH_LAST_POSITION(p_s_path) >= B_NR_ITEMS(p_s_bh) )
+        return 1;
+
+    /* we need only to know, whether it is the same item */
+    ih = get_ih (p_s_path);
+    return memcmp (stored_ih, ih, IH_SIZE);
+}
+
+
+/* unformatted nodes are not logged anymore, ever.  This is safe
+** now
+*/
+#define held_by_others(bh) (atomic_read(&(bh)->b_count) > 1)
+
+// block can not be forgotten as it is in I/O or held by someone
+#define block_in_use(bh) (buffer_locked(bh) || (held_by_others(bh)))
+
+
+
+// prepare for delete or cut of direct item
+static inline int prepare_for_direct_item (struct path * path,
+                                           struct item_head * le_ih,
+                                           struct inode * inode,
+                                           loff_t new_file_length,
+                                           int * cut_size)
+{
+    loff_t round_len;
+
+
+    if ( new_file_length == max_reiserfs_offset (inode) ) {
+        /* item has to be deleted */
+        *cut_size = -(IH_SIZE + ih_item_len(le_ih));
+        return M_DELETE;
+    }
+        
+    // new file gets truncated
+    if (get_inode_item_key_version (inode) == KEY_FORMAT_3_6) {
+        // 
+        round_len = ROUND_UP (new_file_length); 
+        /* this was n_new_file_length < le_ih ... */
+        if ( round_len < le_ih_k_offset (le_ih) )  {
+            *cut_size = -(IH_SIZE + ih_item_len(le_ih));
+            return M_DELETE; /* Delete this item. */
+        }
+        /* Calculate first position and size for cutting from item. */
+        pos_in_item (path) = round_len - (le_ih_k_offset (le_ih) - 1);
+        *cut_size = -(ih_item_len(le_ih) - pos_in_item(path));
+        
+        return M_CUT; /* Cut from this item. */
+    }
+
+
+    // old file: items may have any length
+
+    if ( new_file_length < le_ih_k_offset (le_ih) )  {
+        *cut_size = -(IH_SIZE + ih_item_len(le_ih));
+        return M_DELETE; /* Delete this item. */
+    }
+    /* Calculate first position and size for cutting from item. */
+    *cut_size = -(ih_item_len(le_ih) -
+                      (pos_in_item (path) = new_file_length + 1 - le_ih_k_offset (le_ih)));
+    return M_CUT; /* Cut from this item. */
+}
+
+
+static inline int prepare_for_direntry_item (struct path * path,
+                                             struct item_head * le_ih,
+                                             struct inode * inode,
+                                             loff_t new_file_length,
+                                             int * cut_size)
+{
+    if (le_ih_k_offset (le_ih) == DOT_OFFSET && 
+        new_file_length == max_reiserfs_offset (inode)) {
+        RFALSE( ih_entry_count (le_ih) != 2,
+                "PAP-5220: incorrect empty directory item (%h)", le_ih);
+        *cut_size = -(IH_SIZE + ih_item_len(le_ih));
+        return M_DELETE; /* Delete the directory item containing "." and ".." entry. */
+    }
+    
+    if ( ih_entry_count (le_ih) == 1 )  {
+        /* Delete the directory item such as there is one record only
+           in this item*/
+        *cut_size = -(IH_SIZE + ih_item_len(le_ih));
+        return M_DELETE;
+    }
+    
+    /* Cut one record from the directory item. */
+    *cut_size = -(DEH_SIZE + entry_length (get_last_bh (path), le_ih, pos_in_item (path)));
+    return M_CUT; 
+}
+
+
+/*  If the path points to a directory or direct item, calculate mode and the size cut, for balance.
+    If the path points to an indirect item, remove some number of its unformatted nodes.
+    In case of file truncate calculate whether this item must be deleted/truncated or last
+    unformatted node of this item will be converted to a direct item.
+    This function returns a determination of what balance mode the calling function should employ. */
+static char  prepare_for_delete_or_cut(
+                                       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, 
+                                       struct inode * inode,
+                                       struct path         * p_s_path,
+                                       const struct cpu_key      * p_s_item_key,
+                                       int                 * p_n_removed,      /* Number of unformatted nodes which were removed
+                                                                                  from end of the file. */
+                                       int                 * p_n_cut_size,
+                                       unsigned long long    n_new_file_length /* MAX_KEY_OFFSET in case of delete. */
+    ) {
+    struct super_block  * p_s_sb = inode->i_sb;
+    struct item_head    * p_le_ih = PATH_PITEM_HEAD(p_s_path);
+    struct buffer_head  * p_s_bh = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(p_s_path);
+
+    BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+
+    /* Stat_data item. */
+    if ( is_statdata_le_ih (p_le_ih) ) {
+
+        RFALSE( n_new_file_length != max_reiserfs_offset (inode),
+                "PAP-5210: mode must be M_DELETE");
+
+        *p_n_cut_size = -(IH_SIZE + ih_item_len(p_le_ih));
+        return M_DELETE;
+    }
+
+
+    /* Directory item. */
+    if ( is_direntry_le_ih (p_le_ih) )
+        return prepare_for_direntry_item (p_s_path, p_le_ih, inode, n_new_file_length, p_n_cut_size);
+
+    /* Direct item. */
+    if ( is_direct_le_ih (p_le_ih) )
+        return prepare_for_direct_item (p_s_path, p_le_ih, inode, n_new_file_length, p_n_cut_size);
+
+
+    /* Case of an indirect item. */
+    {
+        int                   n_unfm_number,    /* Number of the item unformatted nodes. */
+            n_counter,
+            n_blk_size;
+        __u32               * p_n_unfm_pointer; /* Pointer to the unformatted node number. */
+        __u32 tmp;
+        struct item_head      s_ih;           /* Item header. */
+        char                  c_mode;           /* Returned mode of the balance. */
+        int need_research;
+
+
+        n_blk_size = p_s_sb->s_blocksize;
+
+        /* Search for the needed object indirect item until there are no unformatted nodes to be removed. */
+        do  {
+            need_research = 0;
+            p_s_bh = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(p_s_path);
+            /* Copy indirect item header to a temp variable. */
+            copy_item_head(&s_ih, PATH_PITEM_HEAD(p_s_path));
+            /* Calculate number of unformatted nodes in this item. */
+            n_unfm_number = I_UNFM_NUM(&s_ih);
+
+            RFALSE( ! is_indirect_le_ih(&s_ih) || ! n_unfm_number ||
+                    pos_in_item (p_s_path) + 1 !=  n_unfm_number,
+                    "PAP-5240: invalid item %h "
+                    "n_unfm_number = %d *p_n_pos_in_item = %d", 
+                    &s_ih, n_unfm_number, pos_in_item (p_s_path));
+
+            /* Calculate balance mode and position in the item to remove unformatted nodes. */
+            if ( n_new_file_length == max_reiserfs_offset (inode) ) {/* Case of delete. */
+                pos_in_item (p_s_path) = 0;
+                *p_n_cut_size = -(IH_SIZE + ih_item_len(&s_ih));
+                c_mode = M_DELETE;
+            }
+            else  { /* Case of truncate. */
+                if ( n_new_file_length < le_ih_k_offset (&s_ih) )  {
+                    pos_in_item (p_s_path) = 0;
+                    *p_n_cut_size = -(IH_SIZE + ih_item_len(&s_ih));
+                    c_mode = M_DELETE; /* Delete this item. */
+                }
+                else  {
+                    /* indirect item must be truncated starting from *p_n_pos_in_item-th position */
+                    pos_in_item (p_s_path) = (n_new_file_length + n_blk_size - le_ih_k_offset (&s_ih) ) >> p_s_sb->s_blocksize_bits;
+
+                    RFALSE( pos_in_item (p_s_path) > n_unfm_number,
+                            "PAP-5250: invalid position in the item");
+
+                    /* Either convert last unformatted node of indirect item to direct item or increase
+                       its free space.  */
+                    if ( pos_in_item (p_s_path) == n_unfm_number )  {
+                        *p_n_cut_size = 0; /* Nothing to cut. */
+                        return M_CONVERT; /* Maybe convert last unformatted node to the direct item. */
+                    }
+                    /* Calculate size to cut. */
+                    *p_n_cut_size = -(ih_item_len(&s_ih) - pos_in_item(p_s_path) * UNFM_P_SIZE);
+
+                    c_mode = M_CUT;     /* Cut from this indirect item. */
+                }
+            }
+
+            RFALSE( n_unfm_number <= pos_in_item (p_s_path),
+                    "PAP-5260: invalid position in the indirect item");
+
+            /* pointers to be cut */
+            n_unfm_number -= pos_in_item (p_s_path);
+            /* Set pointer to the last unformatted node pointer that is to be cut. */
+            p_n_unfm_pointer = (__u32 *)B_I_PITEM(p_s_bh, &s_ih) + I_UNFM_NUM(&s_ih) - 1 - *p_n_removed;
+
+
+            /* We go through the unformatted nodes pointers of the indirect
+               item and look for the unformatted nodes in the cache. If we
+               found some of them we free it, zero corresponding indirect item
+               entry and log buffer containing that indirect item. For this we
+               need to prepare last path element for logging. If some
+               unformatted node has b_count > 1 we must not free this
+               unformatted node since it is in use. */
+            reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(p_s_sb, p_s_bh, 1);
+            // note: path could be changed, first line in for loop takes care
+            // of it
+
+            for (n_counter = *p_n_removed;
+                 n_counter < n_unfm_number; n_counter++, p_n_unfm_pointer-- ) {
+
+                cond_resched();
+                if (item_moved (&s_ih, p_s_path)) {
+                    need_research = 1 ;
+                    break;
+                }
+                RFALSE( p_n_unfm_pointer < (__u32 *)B_I_PITEM(p_s_bh, &s_ih) ||
+                        p_n_unfm_pointer > (__u32 *)B_I_PITEM(p_s_bh, &s_ih) + I_UNFM_NUM(&s_ih) - 1,
+                        "vs-5265: pointer out of range");
+
+                /* Hole, nothing to remove. */
+                if ( ! get_block_num(p_n_unfm_pointer,0) )  {
+                        (*p_n_removed)++;
+                        continue;
+                }
+
+                (*p_n_removed)++;
+
+                tmp = get_block_num(p_n_unfm_pointer,0);
+                put_block_num(p_n_unfm_pointer, 0, 0);
+                journal_mark_dirty (th, p_s_sb, p_s_bh);
+                reiserfs_free_block(th, inode, tmp, 1);
+                if ( item_moved (&s_ih, p_s_path) )  {
+                        need_research = 1;
+                        break ;
+                }
+            }
+
+            /* a trick.  If the buffer has been logged, this
+            ** will do nothing.  If we've broken the loop without
+            ** logging it, it will restore the buffer
+            **
+            */
+            reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(p_s_sb, p_s_bh);
+
+            /* This loop can be optimized. */
+        } while ( (*p_n_removed < n_unfm_number || need_research) &&
+                  search_for_position_by_key(p_s_sb, p_s_item_key, p_s_path) == POSITION_FOUND );
+
+        RFALSE( *p_n_removed < n_unfm_number, 
+                "PAP-5310: indirect item is not found");
+        RFALSE( item_moved (&s_ih, p_s_path), 
+                "after while, comp failed, retry") ;
+
+        if (c_mode == M_CUT)
+            pos_in_item (p_s_path) *= UNFM_P_SIZE;
+        return c_mode;
+    }
+}
+
+/* Calculate number of bytes which will be deleted or cut during balance */
+static int calc_deleted_bytes_number(
+    struct  tree_balance  * p_s_tb,
+    char                    c_mode
+    ) {
+    int                     n_del_size;
+    struct  item_head     * p_le_ih = PATH_PITEM_HEAD(p_s_tb->tb_path);
+
+    if ( is_statdata_le_ih (p_le_ih) )
+        return 0;
+
+    n_del_size = ( c_mode == M_DELETE ) ? ih_item_len(p_le_ih) : -p_s_tb->insert_size[0];
+    if ( is_direntry_le_ih (p_le_ih) ) {
+        // return EMPTY_DIR_SIZE; /* We delete emty directoris only. */
+        // we can't use EMPTY_DIR_SIZE, as old format dirs have a different
+        // empty size.  ick. FIXME, is this right?
+        //
+        return n_del_size ;
+    }
+
+    if ( is_indirect_le_ih (p_le_ih) )
+        n_del_size = (n_del_size/UNFM_P_SIZE)*
+          (PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(p_s_tb->tb_path)->b_size);// - get_ih_free_space (p_le_ih);
+    return n_del_size;
+}
+
+static void init_tb_struct(
+    struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+    struct tree_balance * p_s_tb,
+    struct super_block  * p_s_sb,
+    struct path         * p_s_path,
+    int                   n_size
+    ) {
+
+    BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+
+    memset (p_s_tb,'\0',sizeof(struct tree_balance));
+    p_s_tb->transaction_handle = th ;
+    p_s_tb->tb_sb = p_s_sb;
+    p_s_tb->tb_path = p_s_path;
+    PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(p_s_path, ILLEGAL_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET) = NULL;
+    PATH_OFFSET_POSITION(p_s_path, ILLEGAL_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET) = 0;
+    p_s_tb->insert_size[0] = n_size;
+}
+
+
+
+void padd_item (char * item, int total_length, int length)
+{
+    int i;
+
+    for (i = total_length; i > length; )
+        item [--i] = 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef REISERQUOTA_DEBUG
+char key2type(struct reiserfs_key *ih)
+{
+  if (is_direntry_le_key(2, ih))
+    return 'd';
+  if (is_direct_le_key(2, ih))
+    return 'D';
+  if (is_indirect_le_key(2, ih))
+    return 'i';
+  if (is_statdata_le_key(2, ih))
+    return 's';
+  return 'u';
+}
+
+char head2type(struct item_head *ih)
+{
+  if (is_direntry_le_ih(ih))
+    return 'd';
+  if (is_direct_le_ih(ih))
+    return 'D';
+  if (is_indirect_le_ih(ih))
+    return 'i';
+  if (is_statdata_le_ih(ih))
+    return 's';
+  return 'u';
+}
+#endif
+
+/* Delete object item. */
+int reiserfs_delete_item (struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, 
+                          struct path * p_s_path, /* Path to the deleted item. */
+                          const struct cpu_key * p_s_item_key, /* Key to search for the deleted item.  */
+                          struct inode * p_s_inode,/* inode is here just to update i_blocks and quotas */
+                          struct buffer_head  * p_s_un_bh)    /* NULL or unformatted node pointer.    */
+{
+    struct super_block * p_s_sb = p_s_inode->i_sb;
+    struct tree_balance   s_del_balance;
+    struct item_head      s_ih;
+    struct item_head      *q_ih;
+    int                   quota_cut_bytes;
+    int                   n_ret_value,
+        n_del_size,
+        n_removed;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+    char                  c_mode;
+    int                 n_iter = 0;
+#endif
+
+    BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+
+    init_tb_struct(th, &s_del_balance, p_s_sb, p_s_path, 0/*size is unknown*/);
+
+    while ( 1 ) {
+        n_removed = 0;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+        n_iter++;
+        c_mode =
+#endif
+            prepare_for_delete_or_cut(th, p_s_inode, p_s_path, p_s_item_key, &n_removed, &n_del_size, max_reiserfs_offset (p_s_inode));
+
+        RFALSE( c_mode != M_DELETE, "PAP-5320: mode must be M_DELETE");
+
+        copy_item_head(&s_ih, PATH_PITEM_HEAD(p_s_path));
+        s_del_balance.insert_size[0] = n_del_size;
+
+        n_ret_value = fix_nodes(M_DELETE, &s_del_balance, NULL, NULL);
+        if ( n_ret_value != REPEAT_SEARCH )
+            break;
+
+        PROC_INFO_INC( p_s_sb, delete_item_restarted );
+
+        // file system changed, repeat search
+        n_ret_value = search_for_position_by_key(p_s_sb, p_s_item_key, p_s_path);
+        if (n_ret_value == IO_ERROR)
+            break;
+        if (n_ret_value == FILE_NOT_FOUND) {
+            reiserfs_warning (p_s_sb, "vs-5340: reiserfs_delete_item: "
+                              "no items of the file %K found", p_s_item_key);
+            break;
+        }
+    } /* while (1) */
+
+    if ( n_ret_value != CARRY_ON ) {
+        unfix_nodes(&s_del_balance);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    // reiserfs_delete_item returns item length when success
+    n_ret_value = calc_deleted_bytes_number(&s_del_balance, M_DELETE);
+    q_ih = get_ih(p_s_path) ;
+    quota_cut_bytes = ih_item_len(q_ih) ;
+
+    /* hack so the quota code doesn't have to guess if the file
+    ** has a tail.  On tail insert, we allocate quota for 1 unformatted node.
+    ** We test the offset because the tail might have been
+    ** split into multiple items, and we only want to decrement for
+    ** the unfm node once
+    */
+    if (!S_ISLNK (p_s_inode->i_mode) && is_direct_le_ih(q_ih)) {
+        if ((le_ih_k_offset(q_ih) & (p_s_sb->s_blocksize - 1)) == 1) {
+            quota_cut_bytes = p_s_sb->s_blocksize + UNFM_P_SIZE;
+        } else {
+            quota_cut_bytes = 0 ;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if ( p_s_un_bh )  {
+        int off;
+        char *data ;
+
+        /* We are in direct2indirect conversion, so move tail contents
+           to the unformatted node */
+        /* note, we do the copy before preparing the buffer because we
+        ** don't care about the contents of the unformatted node yet.
+        ** the only thing we really care about is the direct item's data
+        ** is in the unformatted node.
+        **
+        ** Otherwise, we would have to call reiserfs_prepare_for_journal on
+        ** the unformatted node, which might schedule, meaning we'd have to
+        ** loop all the way back up to the start of the while loop.
+        **
+        ** The unformatted node must be dirtied later on.  We can't be
+        ** sure here if the entire tail has been deleted yet.
+        **
+        ** p_s_un_bh is from the page cache (all unformatted nodes are
+        ** from the page cache) and might be a highmem page.  So, we
+        ** can't use p_s_un_bh->b_data.
+        ** -clm
+        */
+
+        data = kmap_atomic(p_s_un_bh->b_page, KM_USER0);
+        off = ((le_ih_k_offset (&s_ih) - 1) & (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - 1));
+        memcpy(data + off,
+               B_I_PITEM(PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(p_s_path), &s_ih), n_ret_value);
+        kunmap_atomic(data, KM_USER0);
+    }
+    /* Perform balancing after all resources have been collected at once. */ 
+    do_balance(&s_del_balance, NULL, NULL, M_DELETE);
+
+#ifdef REISERQUOTA_DEBUG
+    reiserfs_debug (p_s_sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE, "reiserquota delete_item(): freeing %u, id=%u type=%c", quota_cut_bytes, p_s_inode->i_uid, head2type(&s_ih));
+#endif
+    DQUOT_FREE_SPACE_NODIRTY(p_s_inode, quota_cut_bytes);
+
+    /* Return deleted body length */
+    return n_ret_value;
+}
+
+
+/* Summary Of Mechanisms For Handling Collisions Between Processes:
+
+ deletion of the body of the object is performed by iput(), with the
+ result that if multiple processes are operating on a file, the
+ deletion of the body of the file is deferred until the last process
+ that has an open inode performs its iput().
+
+ writes and truncates are protected from collisions by use of
+ semaphores.
+
+ creates, linking, and mknod are protected from collisions with other
+ processes by making the reiserfs_add_entry() the last step in the
+ creation, and then rolling back all changes if there was a collision.
+ - Hans
+*/
+
+
+/* this deletes item which never gets split */
+void reiserfs_delete_solid_item (struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                                 struct inode *inode,
+                                 struct reiserfs_key * key)
+{
+    struct tree_balance tb;
+    INITIALIZE_PATH (path);
+    int item_len = 0;
+    int tb_init = 0 ;
+    struct cpu_key cpu_key;
+    int retval;
+    int quota_cut_bytes = 0;
+
+    BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+    
+    le_key2cpu_key (&cpu_key, key);
+    
+    while (1) {
+        retval = search_item (th->t_super, &cpu_key, &path);
+        if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+            reiserfs_warning (th->t_super,
+                              "vs-5350: reiserfs_delete_solid_item: "
+                              "i/o failure occurred trying to delete %K",
+                              &cpu_key);
+            break;
+        }
+        if (retval != ITEM_FOUND) {
+            pathrelse (&path);
+            // No need for a warning, if there is just no free space to insert '..' item into the newly-created subdir
+            if ( !( (unsigned long long) GET_HASH_VALUE (le_key_k_offset (le_key_version (key), key)) == 0 && \
+                 (unsigned long long) GET_GENERATION_NUMBER (le_key_k_offset (le_key_version (key), key)) == 1 ) )
+                reiserfs_warning (th->t_super, "vs-5355: reiserfs_delete_solid_item: %k not found", key);
+            break;
+        }
+        if (!tb_init) {
+            tb_init = 1 ;
+            item_len = ih_item_len( PATH_PITEM_HEAD(&path) );
+            init_tb_struct (th, &tb, th->t_super, &path, - (IH_SIZE + item_len));
+        }
+        quota_cut_bytes = ih_item_len(PATH_PITEM_HEAD(&path)) ;
+
+        retval = fix_nodes (M_DELETE, &tb, NULL, NULL);
+        if (retval == REPEAT_SEARCH) {
+            PROC_INFO_INC( th -> t_super, delete_solid_item_restarted );
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if (retval == CARRY_ON) {
+            do_balance (&tb, NULL, NULL, M_DELETE);
+            if (inode) {        /* Should we count quota for item? (we don't count quotas for save-links) */
+#ifdef REISERQUOTA_DEBUG
+                reiserfs_debug (th->t_super, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE, "reiserquota delete_solid_item(): freeing %u id=%u type=%c", quota_cut_bytes, inode->i_uid, key2type(key));
+#endif
+                DQUOT_FREE_SPACE_NODIRTY(inode, quota_cut_bytes);
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+
+        // IO_ERROR, NO_DISK_SPACE, etc
+        reiserfs_warning (th->t_super, "vs-5360: reiserfs_delete_solid_item: "
+                          "could not delete %K due to fix_nodes failure", &cpu_key);
+        unfix_nodes (&tb);
+        break;
+    }
+
+    reiserfs_check_path(&path) ;
+}
+
+
+int reiserfs_delete_object (struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, struct inode * inode)
+{
+    int err;
+    inode->i_size = 0;
+    BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+
+    /* for directory this deletes item containing "." and ".." */
+    err = reiserfs_do_truncate (th, inode, NULL, 0/*no timestamp updates*/);
+    if (err)
+        return err;
+    
+#if defined( USE_INODE_GENERATION_COUNTER )
+    if( !old_format_only ( th -> t_super ) )
+      {
+       __u32 *inode_generation;
+       
+       inode_generation = 
+         &REISERFS_SB(th -> t_super) -> s_rs -> s_inode_generation;
+       *inode_generation = cpu_to_le32( le32_to_cpu( *inode_generation ) + 1 );
+      }
+/* USE_INODE_GENERATION_COUNTER */
+#endif
+    reiserfs_delete_solid_item (th, inode, INODE_PKEY (inode));
+
+    return err;
+}
+
+static void
+unmap_buffers(struct page *page, loff_t pos) {
+    struct buffer_head *bh ;
+    struct buffer_head *head ;
+    struct buffer_head *next ;
+    unsigned long tail_index ;
+    unsigned long cur_index ;
+
+    if (page) {
+        if (page_has_buffers(page)) {
+            tail_index = pos & (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - 1) ;
+            cur_index = 0 ;
+            head = page_buffers(page) ;
+            bh = head ;
+            do {
+                next = bh->b_this_page ;
+
+                /* we want to unmap the buffers that contain the tail, and
+                ** all the buffers after it (since the tail must be at the
+                ** end of the file).  We don't want to unmap file data
+                ** before the tail, since it might be dirty and waiting to
+                ** reach disk
+                */
+                cur_index += bh->b_size ;
+                if (cur_index > tail_index) {
+                    reiserfs_unmap_buffer(bh) ;
+                }
+                bh = next ;
+            } while (bh != head) ;
+            if ( PAGE_SIZE == bh->b_size ) {
+                clear_page_dirty(page);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static int maybe_indirect_to_direct (struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, 
+                              struct inode * p_s_inode,
+                              struct page *page, 
+                              struct path         * p_s_path,
+                              const struct cpu_key      * p_s_item_key,
+                              loff_t         n_new_file_size,
+                              char                * p_c_mode
+                              ) {
+    struct super_block * p_s_sb = p_s_inode->i_sb;
+    int n_block_size = p_s_sb->s_blocksize;
+    int cut_bytes;
+    BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+
+    if (n_new_file_size != p_s_inode->i_size)
+        BUG ();
+
+    /* the page being sent in could be NULL if there was an i/o error
+    ** reading in the last block.  The user will hit problems trying to
+    ** read the file, but for now we just skip the indirect2direct
+    */
+    if (atomic_read(&p_s_inode->i_count) > 1 || 
+        !tail_has_to_be_packed (p_s_inode) || 
+        !page || (REISERFS_I(p_s_inode)->i_flags & i_nopack_mask)) {
+        // leave tail in an unformatted node    
+        *p_c_mode = M_SKIP_BALANCING;
+        cut_bytes = n_block_size - (n_new_file_size & (n_block_size - 1));
+        pathrelse(p_s_path);
+        return cut_bytes;
+    }
+    /* Permorm the conversion to a direct_item. */
+    /*return indirect_to_direct (p_s_inode, p_s_path, p_s_item_key, n_new_file_size, p_c_mode);*/
+    return indirect2direct (th, p_s_inode, page, p_s_path, p_s_item_key, n_new_file_size, p_c_mode);
+}
+
+
+/* we did indirect_to_direct conversion. And we have inserted direct
+   item successesfully, but there were no disk space to cut unfm
+   pointer being converted. Therefore we have to delete inserted
+   direct item(s) */
+static void indirect_to_direct_roll_back (struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, struct inode * inode, struct path * path)
+{
+    struct cpu_key tail_key;
+    int tail_len;
+    int removed;
+    BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+
+    make_cpu_key (&tail_key, inode, inode->i_size + 1, TYPE_DIRECT, 4);// !!!!
+    tail_key.key_length = 4;
+
+    tail_len = (cpu_key_k_offset (&tail_key) & (inode->i_sb->s_blocksize - 1)) - 1;
+    while (tail_len) {
+        /* look for the last byte of the tail */
+        if (search_for_position_by_key (inode->i_sb, &tail_key, path) == POSITION_NOT_FOUND)
+            reiserfs_panic (inode->i_sb, "vs-5615: indirect_to_direct_roll_back: found invalid item");
+        RFALSE( path->pos_in_item != ih_item_len(PATH_PITEM_HEAD (path)) - 1,
+                "vs-5616: appended bytes found");
+        PATH_LAST_POSITION (path) --;
+        
+        removed = reiserfs_delete_item (th, path, &tail_key, inode, NULL/*unbh not needed*/);
+        RFALSE( removed <= 0 || removed > tail_len,
+                "vs-5617: there was tail %d bytes, removed item length %d bytes",
+                tail_len, removed);
+        tail_len -= removed;
+        set_cpu_key_k_offset (&tail_key, cpu_key_k_offset (&tail_key) - removed);
+    }
+    reiserfs_warning (inode->i_sb, "indirect_to_direct_roll_back: indirect_to_direct conversion has been rolled back due to lack of disk space");
+    //mark_file_without_tail (inode);
+    mark_inode_dirty (inode);
+}
+
+
+/* (Truncate or cut entry) or delete object item. Returns < 0 on failure */
+int reiserfs_cut_from_item (struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, 
+                            struct path * p_s_path,
+                            struct cpu_key * p_s_item_key,
+                            struct inode * p_s_inode,
+                            struct page *page, 
+                            loff_t n_new_file_size)
+{
+    struct super_block * p_s_sb = p_s_inode->i_sb;
+    /* Every function which is going to call do_balance must first
+       create a tree_balance structure.  Then it must fill up this
+       structure by using the init_tb_struct and fix_nodes functions.
+       After that we can make tree balancing. */
+    struct tree_balance s_cut_balance;
+    struct item_head *p_le_ih;
+    int n_cut_size = 0,        /* Amount to be cut. */
+        n_ret_value = CARRY_ON,
+        n_removed = 0,     /* Number of the removed unformatted nodes. */
+        n_is_inode_locked = 0;
+    char                c_mode;            /* Mode of the balance. */
+    int retval2 = -1;
+    int quota_cut_bytes;
+    loff_t tail_pos = 0;
+
+    BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+    
+    init_tb_struct(th, &s_cut_balance, p_s_inode->i_sb, p_s_path, n_cut_size);
+
+
+    /* Repeat this loop until we either cut the item without needing
+       to balance, or we fix_nodes without schedule occurring */
+    while ( 1 ) {
+        /* Determine the balance mode, position of the first byte to
+           be cut, and size to be cut.  In case of the indirect item
+           free unformatted nodes which are pointed to by the cut
+           pointers. */
+      
+        c_mode = prepare_for_delete_or_cut(th, p_s_inode, p_s_path, p_s_item_key, &n_removed, 
+                                           &n_cut_size, n_new_file_size);
+        if ( c_mode == M_CONVERT )  {
+            /* convert last unformatted node to direct item or leave
+               tail in the unformatted node */
+            RFALSE( n_ret_value != CARRY_ON, "PAP-5570: can not convert twice");
+
+            n_ret_value = maybe_indirect_to_direct (th, p_s_inode, page, p_s_path, p_s_item_key,
+                                                    n_new_file_size, &c_mode);
+            if ( c_mode == M_SKIP_BALANCING )
+                /* tail has been left in the unformatted node */
+                return n_ret_value;
+
+            n_is_inode_locked = 1;
+          
+            /* removing of last unformatted node will change value we
+               have to return to truncate. Save it */
+            retval2 = n_ret_value;
+            /*retval2 = p_s_sb->s_blocksize - (n_new_file_size & (p_s_sb->s_blocksize - 1));*/
+          
+            /* So, we have performed the first part of the conversion:
+               inserting the new direct item.  Now we are removing the
+               last unformatted node pointer. Set key to search for
+               it. */
+            set_cpu_key_k_type (p_s_item_key, TYPE_INDIRECT);
+            p_s_item_key->key_length = 4;
+            n_new_file_size -= (n_new_file_size & (p_s_sb->s_blocksize - 1));
+            tail_pos = n_new_file_size;
+            set_cpu_key_k_offset (p_s_item_key, n_new_file_size + 1);
+            if ( search_for_position_by_key(p_s_sb, p_s_item_key, p_s_path) == POSITION_NOT_FOUND ){
+                print_block (PATH_PLAST_BUFFER (p_s_path), 3, PATH_LAST_POSITION (p_s_path) - 1, PATH_LAST_POSITION (p_s_path) + 1);
+                reiserfs_panic(p_s_sb, "PAP-5580: reiserfs_cut_from_item: item to convert does not exist (%K)", p_s_item_key);
+            }
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (n_cut_size == 0) {
+            pathrelse (p_s_path);
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        s_cut_balance.insert_size[0] = n_cut_size;
+        
+        n_ret_value = fix_nodes(c_mode, &s_cut_balance, NULL, NULL);
+        if ( n_ret_value != REPEAT_SEARCH )
+            break;
+        
+        PROC_INFO_INC( p_s_sb, cut_from_item_restarted );
+
+        n_ret_value = search_for_position_by_key(p_s_sb, p_s_item_key, p_s_path);
+        if (n_ret_value == POSITION_FOUND)
+            continue;
+
+        reiserfs_warning (p_s_sb, "PAP-5610: reiserfs_cut_from_item: item %K not found", p_s_item_key);
+        unfix_nodes (&s_cut_balance);
+        return (n_ret_value == IO_ERROR) ? -EIO : -ENOENT;
+    } /* while */
+  
+    // check fix_nodes results (IO_ERROR or NO_DISK_SPACE)
+    if ( n_ret_value != CARRY_ON ) {
+        if ( n_is_inode_locked ) {
+            // FIXME: this seems to be not needed: we are always able
+            // to cut item
+            indirect_to_direct_roll_back (th, p_s_inode, p_s_path);
+        }
+        if (n_ret_value == NO_DISK_SPACE)
+            reiserfs_warning (p_s_sb, "NO_DISK_SPACE");
+        unfix_nodes (&s_cut_balance);
+        return -EIO;
+    }
+
+    /* go ahead and perform balancing */
+    
+    RFALSE( c_mode == M_PASTE || c_mode == M_INSERT, "invalid mode");
+
+    /* Calculate number of bytes that need to be cut from the item. */
+    quota_cut_bytes = ( c_mode == M_DELETE ) ? ih_item_len(get_ih(p_s_path)) : -s_cut_balance.insert_size[0];
+    if (retval2 == -1)
+        n_ret_value = calc_deleted_bytes_number(&s_cut_balance, c_mode);
+    else
+        n_ret_value = retval2;
+
+
+    /* For direct items, we only change the quota when deleting the last
+    ** item.
+    */
+    p_le_ih = PATH_PITEM_HEAD (s_cut_balance.tb_path);
+    if (!S_ISLNK (p_s_inode->i_mode) && is_direct_le_ih(p_le_ih)) {
+        if (c_mode == M_DELETE &&
+           (le_ih_k_offset (p_le_ih) & (p_s_sb->s_blocksize - 1)) == 1 ) {
+            // FIXME: this is to keep 3.5 happy
+            REISERFS_I(p_s_inode)->i_first_direct_byte = U32_MAX;
+            quota_cut_bytes = p_s_sb->s_blocksize + UNFM_P_SIZE ;
+        } else {
+            quota_cut_bytes = 0 ;
+        }
+    }
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+    if (n_is_inode_locked) {
+        struct item_head * le_ih = PATH_PITEM_HEAD (s_cut_balance.tb_path);
+        /* we are going to complete indirect2direct conversion. Make
+           sure, that we exactly remove last unformatted node pointer
+           of the item */
+        if (!is_indirect_le_ih (le_ih))
+            reiserfs_panic (p_s_sb, "vs-5652: reiserfs_cut_from_item: "
+                            "item must be indirect %h", le_ih);
+
+        if (c_mode == M_DELETE && ih_item_len(le_ih) != UNFM_P_SIZE)
+            reiserfs_panic (p_s_sb, "vs-5653: reiserfs_cut_from_item: "
+                            "completing indirect2direct conversion indirect item %h "
+                            "being deleted must be of 4 byte long", le_ih);
+
+        if (c_mode == M_CUT && s_cut_balance.insert_size[0] != -UNFM_P_SIZE) {
+            reiserfs_panic (p_s_sb, "vs-5654: reiserfs_cut_from_item: "
+                            "can not complete indirect2direct conversion of %h (CUT, insert_size==%d)",
+                            le_ih, s_cut_balance.insert_size[0]);
+        }
+        /* it would be useful to make sure, that right neighboring
+           item is direct item of this file */
+    }
+#endif
+    
+    do_balance(&s_cut_balance, NULL, NULL, c_mode);
+    if ( n_is_inode_locked ) {
+        /* we've done an indirect->direct conversion.  when the data block
+        ** was freed, it was removed from the list of blocks that must
+        ** be flushed before the transaction commits, make sure to
+        ** unmap and invalidate it
+        */
+        unmap_buffers(page, tail_pos);
+        REISERFS_I(p_s_inode)->i_flags &= ~i_pack_on_close_mask ;
+    }
+#ifdef REISERQUOTA_DEBUG
+    reiserfs_debug (p_s_inode->i_sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE, "reiserquota cut_from_item(): freeing %u id=%u type=%c", quota_cut_bytes, p_s_inode->i_uid, '?');
+#endif
+    DQUOT_FREE_SPACE_NODIRTY(p_s_inode, quota_cut_bytes);
+    return n_ret_value;
+}
+
+static void truncate_directory (struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, struct inode * inode)
+{
+    BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+    if (inode->i_nlink)
+        reiserfs_warning (inode->i_sb,
+                          "vs-5655: truncate_directory: link count != 0");
+
+    set_le_key_k_offset (KEY_FORMAT_3_5, INODE_PKEY (inode), DOT_OFFSET);
+    set_le_key_k_type (KEY_FORMAT_3_5, INODE_PKEY (inode), TYPE_DIRENTRY);
+    reiserfs_delete_solid_item (th, inode, INODE_PKEY (inode));
+    reiserfs_update_sd(th, inode) ;
+    set_le_key_k_offset (KEY_FORMAT_3_5, INODE_PKEY (inode), SD_OFFSET);
+    set_le_key_k_type (KEY_FORMAT_3_5, INODE_PKEY (inode), TYPE_STAT_DATA);    
+}
+
+
+
+
+/* Truncate file to the new size. Note, this must be called with a transaction
+   already started */
+int reiserfs_do_truncate (struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                           struct  inode * p_s_inode, /* ->i_size contains new
+                                                         size */
+                           struct page *page, /* up to date for last block */
+                           int update_timestamps  /* when it is called by
+                                                     file_release to convert
+                                                     the tail - no timestamps
+                                                     should be updated */
+    ) {
+    INITIALIZE_PATH (s_search_path);       /* Path to the current object item. */
+    struct item_head    * p_le_ih;         /* Pointer to an item header. */
+    struct cpu_key      s_item_key;     /* Key to search for a previous file item. */
+    loff_t         n_file_size,    /* Old file size. */
+        n_new_file_size;/* New file size. */
+    int                   n_deleted;      /* Number of deleted or truncated bytes. */
+    int retval;
+    int err = 0;
+
+    BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+    if ( ! (S_ISREG(p_s_inode->i_mode) || S_ISDIR(p_s_inode->i_mode) || S_ISLNK(p_s_inode->i_mode)) )
+        return 0;
+
+    if (S_ISDIR(p_s_inode->i_mode)) {
+        // deletion of directory - no need to update timestamps
+        truncate_directory (th, p_s_inode);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    /* Get new file size. */
+    n_new_file_size = p_s_inode->i_size;
+
+    // FIXME: note, that key type is unimportant here
+    make_cpu_key (&s_item_key, p_s_inode, max_reiserfs_offset (p_s_inode), TYPE_DIRECT, 3);
+
+    retval = search_for_position_by_key(p_s_inode->i_sb, &s_item_key, &s_search_path);
+    if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+        reiserfs_warning (p_s_inode->i_sb, "vs-5657: reiserfs_do_truncate: "
+                          "i/o failure occurred trying to truncate %K", &s_item_key);
+        err = -EIO;
+        goto out;
+    }
+    if (retval == POSITION_FOUND || retval == FILE_NOT_FOUND) {
+        reiserfs_warning (p_s_inode->i_sb, "PAP-5660: reiserfs_do_truncate: "
+                          "wrong result %d of search for %K", retval, &s_item_key);
+
+        err = -EIO;
+        goto out;
+    }
+
+    s_search_path.pos_in_item --;
+
+    /* Get real file size (total length of all file items) */
+    p_le_ih = PATH_PITEM_HEAD(&s_search_path);
+    if ( is_statdata_le_ih (p_le_ih) )
+        n_file_size = 0;
+    else {
+        loff_t offset = le_ih_k_offset (p_le_ih);
+        int bytes = op_bytes_number (p_le_ih,p_s_inode->i_sb->s_blocksize);
+
+        /* this may mismatch with real file size: if last direct item
+           had no padding zeros and last unformatted node had no free
+           space, this file would have this file size */
+        n_file_size = offset + bytes - 1;
+    }
+    /*
+     * are we doing a full truncate or delete, if so
+     * kick in the reada code
+     */
+    if (n_new_file_size == 0)
+        s_search_path.reada = PATH_READA | PATH_READA_BACK;
+
+    if ( n_file_size == 0 || n_file_size < n_new_file_size ) {
+        goto update_and_out ;
+    }
+
+    /* Update key to search for the last file item. */
+    set_cpu_key_k_offset (&s_item_key, n_file_size);
+
+    do  {
+        /* Cut or delete file item. */
+        n_deleted = reiserfs_cut_from_item(th, &s_search_path, &s_item_key, p_s_inode,  page, n_new_file_size);
+        if (n_deleted < 0) {
+            reiserfs_warning (p_s_inode->i_sb, "vs-5665: reiserfs_do_truncate: reiserfs_cut_from_item failed");
+            reiserfs_check_path(&s_search_path) ;
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        RFALSE( n_deleted > n_file_size,
+                "PAP-5670: reiserfs_cut_from_item: too many bytes deleted: deleted %d, file_size %lu, item_key %K",
+                n_deleted, n_file_size, &s_item_key);
+
+        /* Change key to search the last file item. */
+        n_file_size -= n_deleted;
+
+        set_cpu_key_k_offset (&s_item_key, n_file_size);
+
+        /* While there are bytes to truncate and previous file item is presented in the tree. */
+
+        /*
+        ** This loop could take a really long time, and could log 
+        ** many more blocks than a transaction can hold.  So, we do a polite
+        ** journal end here, and if the transaction needs ending, we make
+        ** sure the file is consistent before ending the current trans
+        ** and starting a new one
+        */
+        if (journal_transaction_should_end(th, th->t_blocks_allocated)) {
+          int orig_len_alloc = th->t_blocks_allocated ;
+          decrement_counters_in_path(&s_search_path) ;
+
+          if (update_timestamps) {
+              p_s_inode->i_mtime = p_s_inode->i_ctime = CURRENT_TIME_SEC;
+          } 
+          reiserfs_update_sd(th, p_s_inode) ;
+
+          err = journal_end(th, p_s_inode->i_sb, orig_len_alloc) ;
+          if (err)
+            goto out;
+          err = journal_begin (th, p_s_inode->i_sb,
+                               JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 6);
+          if (err)
+            goto out;
+          reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(p_s_inode) ;
+        }
+    } while ( n_file_size > ROUND_UP (n_new_file_size) &&
+              search_for_position_by_key(p_s_inode->i_sb, &s_item_key, &s_search_path) == POSITION_FOUND )  ;
+
+    RFALSE( n_file_size > ROUND_UP (n_new_file_size),
+            "PAP-5680: truncate did not finish: new_file_size %Ld, current %Ld, oid %d",
+            n_new_file_size, n_file_size, s_item_key.on_disk_key.k_objectid);
+
+update_and_out:
+    if (update_timestamps) {
+        // this is truncate, not file closing
+            p_s_inode->i_mtime = p_s_inode->i_ctime = CURRENT_TIME_SEC;
+    }
+    reiserfs_update_sd (th, p_s_inode);
+
+out:
+    pathrelse(&s_search_path) ;
+    return err;
+}
+
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+// this makes sure, that we __append__, not overwrite or add holes
+static void check_research_for_paste (struct path * path, 
+                                      const struct cpu_key * p_s_key)
+{
+    struct item_head * found_ih = get_ih (path);
+    
+    if (is_direct_le_ih (found_ih)) {
+        if (le_ih_k_offset (found_ih) + op_bytes_number (found_ih, get_last_bh (path)->b_size) !=
+            cpu_key_k_offset (p_s_key) ||
+            op_bytes_number (found_ih, get_last_bh (path)->b_size) != pos_in_item (path))
+            reiserfs_panic (NULL, "PAP-5720: check_research_for_paste: "
+                            "found direct item %h or position (%d) does not match to key %K",
+                            found_ih, pos_in_item (path), p_s_key);
+    }
+    if (is_indirect_le_ih (found_ih)) {
+        if (le_ih_k_offset (found_ih) + op_bytes_number (found_ih, get_last_bh (path)->b_size) != cpu_key_k_offset (p_s_key) || 
+            I_UNFM_NUM (found_ih) != pos_in_item (path) ||
+            get_ih_free_space (found_ih) != 0)
+            reiserfs_panic (NULL, "PAP-5730: check_research_for_paste: "
+                            "found indirect item (%h) or position (%d) does not match to key (%K)",
+                            found_ih, pos_in_item (path), p_s_key);
+    }
+}
+#endif /* config reiserfs check */
+
+
+/* Paste bytes to the existing item. Returns bytes number pasted into the item. */
+int reiserfs_paste_into_item (struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, 
+                              struct path         * p_s_search_path,    /* Path to the pasted item.          */
+                              const struct cpu_key      * p_s_key,              /* Key to search for the needed item.*/
+                              struct inode        * inode,              /* Inode item belongs to */
+                              const char          * p_c_body,           /* Pointer to the bytes to paste.    */
+                              int                   n_pasted_size)      /* Size of pasted bytes.             */
+{
+    struct tree_balance s_paste_balance;
+    int                 retval;
+    int                 fs_gen;
+
+    BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+
+    fs_gen = get_generation(inode->i_sb) ;
+
+#ifdef REISERQUOTA_DEBUG
+    reiserfs_debug (inode->i_sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE, "reiserquota paste_into_item(): allocating %u id=%u type=%c", n_pasted_size, inode->i_uid, key2type(&(p_s_key->on_disk_key)));
+#endif
+
+    if (DQUOT_ALLOC_SPACE_NODIRTY(inode, n_pasted_size)) {
+        pathrelse(p_s_search_path);
+        return -EDQUOT;
+    }
+    init_tb_struct(th, &s_paste_balance, th->t_super, p_s_search_path, n_pasted_size);
+#ifdef DISPLACE_NEW_PACKING_LOCALITIES
+    s_paste_balance.key = p_s_key->on_disk_key;
+#endif
+
+    /* DQUOT_* can schedule, must check before the fix_nodes */
+    if (fs_changed(fs_gen, inode->i_sb)) {
+        goto search_again;
+    }
+
+    while ((retval = fix_nodes(M_PASTE, &s_paste_balance, NULL, p_c_body)) ==
+REPEAT_SEARCH ) {
+search_again:
+        /* file system changed while we were in the fix_nodes */
+        PROC_INFO_INC( th -> t_super, paste_into_item_restarted );
+        retval = search_for_position_by_key (th->t_super, p_s_key, p_s_search_path);
+        if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+            retval = -EIO ;
+            goto error_out ;
+        }
+        if (retval == POSITION_FOUND) {
+            reiserfs_warning (inode->i_sb, "PAP-5710: reiserfs_paste_into_item: entry or pasted byte (%K) exists", p_s_key);
+            retval = -EEXIST ;
+            goto error_out ;
+        }
+        
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+        check_research_for_paste (p_s_search_path, p_s_key);
+#endif
+    }
+
+    /* Perform balancing after all resources are collected by fix_nodes, and
+       accessing them will not risk triggering schedule. */
+    if ( retval == CARRY_ON ) {
+        do_balance(&s_paste_balance, NULL/*ih*/, p_c_body, M_PASTE);
+        return 0;
+    }
+    retval = (retval == NO_DISK_SPACE) ? -ENOSPC : -EIO;
+error_out:
+    /* this also releases the path */
+    unfix_nodes(&s_paste_balance);
+#ifdef REISERQUOTA_DEBUG
+    reiserfs_debug (inode->i_sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE, "reiserquota paste_into_item(): freeing %u id=%u type=%c", n_pasted_size, inode->i_uid, key2type(&(p_s_key->on_disk_key)));
+#endif
+    DQUOT_FREE_SPACE_NODIRTY(inode, n_pasted_size);
+    return retval ;
+}
+
+
+/* Insert new item into the buffer at the path. */
+int reiserfs_insert_item(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, 
+                         struct path         *  p_s_path,         /* Path to the inserteded item.         */
+                         const struct cpu_key      * key,
+                         struct item_head    *  p_s_ih,           /* Pointer to the item header to insert.*/
+                         struct inode        * inode,
+                         const char          *  p_c_body)         /* Pointer to the bytes to insert.      */
+{
+    struct tree_balance s_ins_balance;
+    int                 retval;
+    int fs_gen = 0 ;
+    int quota_bytes = 0 ;
+
+    BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+
+    if (inode) {      /* Do we count quotas for item? */
+        fs_gen = get_generation(inode->i_sb);
+        quota_bytes = ih_item_len(p_s_ih);
+
+        /* hack so the quota code doesn't have to guess if the file has
+         ** a tail, links are always tails, so there's no guessing needed
+         */
+        if (!S_ISLNK (inode->i_mode) && is_direct_le_ih(p_s_ih)) {
+            quota_bytes = inode->i_sb->s_blocksize + UNFM_P_SIZE ;
+        }
+#ifdef REISERQUOTA_DEBUG
+        reiserfs_debug (inode->i_sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE, "reiserquota insert_item(): allocating %u id=%u type=%c", quota_bytes, inode->i_uid, head2type(p_s_ih));
+#endif
+        /* We can't dirty inode here. It would be immediately written but
+         * appropriate stat item isn't inserted yet... */
+        if (DQUOT_ALLOC_SPACE_NODIRTY(inode, quota_bytes)) {
+            pathrelse(p_s_path);
+            return -EDQUOT;
+        }
+    }
+    init_tb_struct(th, &s_ins_balance, th->t_super, p_s_path, IH_SIZE + ih_item_len(p_s_ih));
+#ifdef DISPLACE_NEW_PACKING_LOCALITIES
+    s_ins_balance.key = key->on_disk_key;
+#endif
+    /* DQUOT_* can schedule, must check to be sure calling fix_nodes is safe */
+    if (inode && fs_changed(fs_gen, inode->i_sb)) {
+        goto search_again;
+    }
+
+    while ( (retval = fix_nodes(M_INSERT, &s_ins_balance, p_s_ih, p_c_body)) == REPEAT_SEARCH) {
+search_again:
+        /* file system changed while we were in the fix_nodes */
+        PROC_INFO_INC( th -> t_super, insert_item_restarted );
+        retval = search_item (th->t_super, key, p_s_path);
+        if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+            retval = -EIO;
+            goto error_out ;
+        }
+        if (retval == ITEM_FOUND) {
+            reiserfs_warning (th->t_super, "PAP-5760: reiserfs_insert_item: "
+                              "key %K already exists in the tree", key);
+            retval = -EEXIST ;
+            goto error_out; 
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* make balancing after all resources will be collected at a time */ 
+    if ( retval == CARRY_ON ) {
+        do_balance (&s_ins_balance, p_s_ih, p_c_body, M_INSERT);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    retval = (retval == NO_DISK_SPACE) ? -ENOSPC : -EIO;
+error_out:
+    /* also releases the path */
+    unfix_nodes(&s_ins_balance);
+#ifdef REISERQUOTA_DEBUG
+    reiserfs_debug (th->t_super, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE, "reiserquota insert_item(): freeing %u id=%u type=%c", quota_bytes, inode->i_uid, head2type(p_s_ih));
+#endif
+    if (inode)
+        DQUOT_FREE_SPACE_NODIRTY(inode, quota_bytes) ;
+    return retval; 
+}
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/super.c b/fs/reiserfs/super.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..bcdf2438d152
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/super.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2148 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, licensing governed by reiserfs/README
+ *
+ * Trivial changes by Alan Cox to add the LFS fixes
+ *
+ * Trivial Changes:
+ * Rights granted to Hans Reiser to redistribute under other terms providing
+ * he accepts all liability including but not limited to patent, fitness
+ * for purpose, and direct or indirect claims arising from failure to perform.
+ *
+ * NO WARRANTY
+ */
+
+#include <linux/config.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <asm/uaccess.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_fs.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_acl.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_xattr.h>
+#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/blkdev.h>
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+#include <linux/vfs.h>
+#include <linux/namespace.h>
+#include <linux/mount.h>
+#include <linux/namei.h>
+#include <linux/quotaops.h>
+
+struct file_system_type reiserfs_fs_type;
+
+static const char reiserfs_3_5_magic_string[] = REISERFS_SUPER_MAGIC_STRING;
+static const char reiserfs_3_6_magic_string[] = REISER2FS_SUPER_MAGIC_STRING;
+static const char reiserfs_jr_magic_string[] = REISER2FS_JR_SUPER_MAGIC_STRING;
+
+int is_reiserfs_3_5 (struct reiserfs_super_block * rs)
+{
+  return !strncmp (rs->s_v1.s_magic, reiserfs_3_5_magic_string,
+                   strlen (reiserfs_3_5_magic_string));
+}
+
+
+int is_reiserfs_3_6 (struct reiserfs_super_block * rs)
+{
+  return !strncmp (rs->s_v1.s_magic, reiserfs_3_6_magic_string,
+                   strlen (reiserfs_3_6_magic_string));
+}
+
+
+int is_reiserfs_jr (struct reiserfs_super_block * rs)
+{
+  return !strncmp (rs->s_v1.s_magic, reiserfs_jr_magic_string,
+                   strlen (reiserfs_jr_magic_string));
+}
+
+
+static int is_any_reiserfs_magic_string (struct reiserfs_super_block * rs)
+{
+  return (is_reiserfs_3_5 (rs) || is_reiserfs_3_6 (rs) ||
+          is_reiserfs_jr (rs));
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_remount (struct super_block * s, int * flags, char * data);
+static int reiserfs_statfs (struct super_block * s, struct kstatfs * buf);
+
+static int reiserfs_sync_fs (struct super_block * s, int wait)
+{
+    if (!(s->s_flags & MS_RDONLY)) {
+        struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+        reiserfs_write_lock(s);
+        if (!journal_begin(&th, s, 1))
+            if (!journal_end_sync(&th, s, 1))
+                reiserfs_flush_old_commits(s);
+        s->s_dirt = 0; /* Even if it's not true.
+                        * We'll loop forever in sync_supers otherwise */
+        reiserfs_write_unlock(s);
+    } else {
+        s->s_dirt = 0;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void reiserfs_write_super(struct super_block *s)
+{
+    reiserfs_sync_fs(s, 1);
+}
+
+static void reiserfs_write_super_lockfs (struct super_block * s)
+{
+  struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th ;
+  reiserfs_write_lock(s);
+  if (!(s->s_flags & MS_RDONLY)) {
+    int err = journal_begin(&th, s, 1) ;
+    if (err) {
+        reiserfs_block_writes(&th) ;
+    } else {
+        reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(s, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s), 1);
+        journal_mark_dirty(&th, s, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB (s));
+        reiserfs_block_writes(&th) ;
+        journal_end_sync(&th, s, 1) ;
+    }
+  }
+  s->s_dirt = 0;
+  reiserfs_write_unlock(s);
+}
+
+static void reiserfs_unlockfs(struct super_block *s) {
+  reiserfs_allow_writes(s) ;
+}
+
+extern const struct reiserfs_key  MAX_KEY;
+
+
+/* this is used to delete "save link" when there are no items of a
+   file it points to. It can either happen if unlink is completed but
+   "save unlink" removal, or if file has both unlink and truncate
+   pending and as unlink completes first (because key of "save link"
+   protecting unlink is bigger that a key lf "save link" which
+   protects truncate), so there left no items to make truncate
+   completion on */
+static int remove_save_link_only (struct super_block * s, struct reiserfs_key * key, int oid_free)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+    int err;
+
+     /* we are going to do one balancing */
+     err = journal_begin (&th, s, JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT);
+     if (err)
+        return err;
+ 
+     reiserfs_delete_solid_item (&th, NULL, key);
+     if (oid_free)
+        /* removals are protected by direct items */
+        reiserfs_release_objectid (&th, le32_to_cpu (key->k_objectid));
+
+     return journal_end (&th, s, JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT);
+}
+ 
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+static int reiserfs_quota_on_mount(struct super_block *, int);
+#endif
+ 
+/* look for uncompleted unlinks and truncates and complete them */
+static int finish_unfinished (struct super_block * s)
+{
+    INITIALIZE_PATH (path);
+    struct cpu_key max_cpu_key, obj_key;
+    struct reiserfs_key save_link_key;
+    int retval = 0;
+    struct item_head * ih;
+    struct buffer_head * bh;
+    int item_pos;
+    char * item;
+    int done;
+    struct inode * inode;
+    int truncate;
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+    int i;
+    int ms_active_set;
+#endif
+ 
+ 
+    /* compose key to look for "save" links */
+    max_cpu_key.version = KEY_FORMAT_3_5;
+    max_cpu_key.on_disk_key = MAX_KEY;
+    max_cpu_key.key_length = 3;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+    /* Needed for iput() to work correctly and not trash data */
+    if (s->s_flags & MS_ACTIVE) {
+            ms_active_set = 0;
+    } else {
+            ms_active_set = 1;
+            s->s_flags |= MS_ACTIVE;
+    }
+    /* Turn on quotas so that they are updated correctly */
+    for (i = 0; i < MAXQUOTAS; i++) {
+        if (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_qf_names[i]) {
+            int ret = reiserfs_quota_on_mount(s, i);
+            if (ret < 0)
+                reiserfs_warning(s, "reiserfs: cannot turn on journalled quota: error %d", ret);
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+ 
+    done = 0;
+    REISERFS_SB(s)->s_is_unlinked_ok = 1;
+    while (!retval) {
+        retval = search_item (s, &max_cpu_key, &path);
+        if (retval != ITEM_NOT_FOUND) {
+            reiserfs_warning (s, "vs-2140: finish_unfinished: search_by_key returned %d",
+                              retval);
+            break;
+        }
+        
+        bh = get_last_bh (&path);
+        item_pos = get_item_pos (&path);
+        if (item_pos != B_NR_ITEMS (bh)) {
+            reiserfs_warning (s, "vs-2060: finish_unfinished: wrong position found");
+            break;
+        }
+        item_pos --;
+        ih = B_N_PITEM_HEAD (bh, item_pos);
+ 
+        if (le32_to_cpu (ih->ih_key.k_dir_id) != MAX_KEY_OBJECTID)
+            /* there are no "save" links anymore */
+            break;
+ 
+        save_link_key = ih->ih_key;
+        if (is_indirect_le_ih (ih))
+            truncate = 1;
+        else
+            truncate = 0;
+ 
+        /* reiserfs_iget needs k_dirid and k_objectid only */
+        item = B_I_PITEM (bh, ih);
+        obj_key.on_disk_key.k_dir_id = le32_to_cpu (*(__u32 *)item);
+        obj_key.on_disk_key.k_objectid = le32_to_cpu (ih->ih_key.k_objectid);
+        obj_key.on_disk_key.u.k_offset_v1.k_offset = 0;
+        obj_key.on_disk_key.u.k_offset_v1.k_uniqueness = 0;
+        
+        pathrelse (&path);
+ 
+        inode = reiserfs_iget (s, &obj_key);
+        if (!inode) {
+            /* the unlink almost completed, it just did not manage to remove
+               "save" link and release objectid */
+            reiserfs_warning (s, "vs-2180: finish_unfinished: iget failed for %K",
+                              &obj_key);
+            retval = remove_save_link_only (s, &save_link_key, 1);
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if (!truncate && inode->i_nlink) {
+            /* file is not unlinked */
+            reiserfs_warning (s, "vs-2185: finish_unfinished: file %K is not unlinked",
+                              &obj_key);
+            retval = remove_save_link_only (s, &save_link_key, 0);
+            continue;
+        }
+        DQUOT_INIT(inode);
+
+        if (truncate && S_ISDIR (inode->i_mode) ) {
+            /* We got a truncate request for a dir which is impossible.
+               The only imaginable way is to execute unfinished truncate request
+               then boot into old kernel, remove the file and create dir with
+               the same key. */
+            reiserfs_warning(s, "green-2101: impossible truncate on a directory %k. Please report", INODE_PKEY (inode));
+            retval = remove_save_link_only (s, &save_link_key, 0);
+            truncate = 0;
+            iput (inode); 
+            continue;
+        }
+ 
+        if (truncate) {
+            REISERFS_I(inode) -> i_flags |= i_link_saved_truncate_mask;
+            /* not completed truncate found. New size was committed together
+               with "save" link */
+            reiserfs_info (s, "Truncating %k to %Ld ..",
+                              INODE_PKEY (inode), inode->i_size);
+            reiserfs_truncate_file (inode, 0/*don't update modification time*/);
+            retval = remove_save_link (inode, truncate);
+        } else {
+            REISERFS_I(inode) -> i_flags |= i_link_saved_unlink_mask;
+            /* not completed unlink (rmdir) found */
+            reiserfs_info (s, "Removing %k..", INODE_PKEY (inode));
+            /* removal gets completed in iput */
+            retval = 0;
+        }
+ 
+        iput (inode);
+        printk ("done\n");
+        done ++;
+    }
+    REISERFS_SB(s)->s_is_unlinked_ok = 0;
+     
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+    /* Turn quotas off */
+    for (i = 0; i < MAXQUOTAS; i++) {
+            if (sb_dqopt(s)->files[i])
+                    vfs_quota_off_mount(s, i);
+    }
+    if (ms_active_set)
+            /* Restore the flag back */
+            s->s_flags &= ~MS_ACTIVE;
+#endif
+    pathrelse (&path);
+    if (done)
+        reiserfs_info (s, "There were %d uncompleted unlinks/truncates. "
+                          "Completed\n", done);
+    return retval;
+}
+ 
+/* to protect file being unlinked from getting lost we "safe" link files
+   being unlinked. This link will be deleted in the same transaction with last
+   item of file. mounting the filesytem we scan all these links and remove
+   files which almost got lost */
+void add_save_link (struct reiserfs_transaction_handle * th,
+                    struct inode * inode, int truncate)
+{
+    INITIALIZE_PATH (path);
+    int retval;
+    struct cpu_key key;
+    struct item_head ih;
+    __u32 link;
+
+    BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+
+    /* file can only get one "save link" of each kind */
+    RFALSE( truncate && 
+            ( REISERFS_I(inode) -> i_flags & i_link_saved_truncate_mask ),
+            "saved link already exists for truncated inode %lx",
+            ( long ) inode -> i_ino );
+    RFALSE( !truncate && 
+            ( REISERFS_I(inode) -> i_flags & i_link_saved_unlink_mask ),
+            "saved link already exists for unlinked inode %lx",
+            ( long ) inode -> i_ino );
+
+    /* setup key of "save" link */
+    key.version = KEY_FORMAT_3_5;
+    key.on_disk_key.k_dir_id = MAX_KEY_OBJECTID;
+    key.on_disk_key.k_objectid = inode->i_ino;
+    if (!truncate) {
+        /* unlink, rmdir, rename */
+        set_cpu_key_k_offset (&key, 1 + inode->i_sb->s_blocksize);
+        set_cpu_key_k_type (&key, TYPE_DIRECT);
+
+        /* item head of "safe" link */
+        make_le_item_head (&ih, &key, key.version, 1 + inode->i_sb->s_blocksize, TYPE_DIRECT,
+                           4/*length*/, 0xffff/*free space*/);
+    } else {
+        /* truncate */
+        if (S_ISDIR (inode->i_mode))
+            reiserfs_warning(inode->i_sb, "green-2102: Adding a truncate savelink for a directory %k! Please report", INODE_PKEY(inode));
+        set_cpu_key_k_offset (&key, 1);
+        set_cpu_key_k_type (&key, TYPE_INDIRECT);
+
+        /* item head of "safe" link */
+        make_le_item_head (&ih, &key, key.version, 1, TYPE_INDIRECT,
+                           4/*length*/, 0/*free space*/);
+    }
+    key.key_length = 3;
+
+    /* look for its place in the tree */
+    retval = search_item (inode->i_sb, &key, &path);
+    if (retval != ITEM_NOT_FOUND) {
+        if ( retval != -ENOSPC )
+            reiserfs_warning (inode->i_sb, "vs-2100: add_save_link:"
+                          "search_by_key (%K) returned %d", &key, retval);
+        pathrelse (&path);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    /* body of "save" link */
+    link = INODE_PKEY (inode)->k_dir_id;
+
+    /* put "save" link inot tree, don't charge quota to anyone */
+    retval = reiserfs_insert_item (th, &path, &key, &ih, NULL, (char *)&link);
+    if (retval) {
+        if (retval != -ENOSPC)
+            reiserfs_warning (inode->i_sb, "vs-2120: add_save_link: insert_item returned %d",
+                          retval);
+    } else {
+        if( truncate )
+            REISERFS_I(inode) -> i_flags |= i_link_saved_truncate_mask;
+        else
+            REISERFS_I(inode) -> i_flags |= i_link_saved_unlink_mask;
+    }
+}
+
+
+/* this opens transaction unlike add_save_link */
+int remove_save_link (struct inode * inode, int truncate)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+    struct reiserfs_key key;
+    int err;
+ 
+    /* we are going to do one balancing only */
+    err = journal_begin (&th, inode->i_sb, JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT);
+    if (err)
+        return err;
+ 
+    /* setup key of "save" link */
+    key.k_dir_id = cpu_to_le32 (MAX_KEY_OBJECTID);
+    key.k_objectid = INODE_PKEY (inode)->k_objectid;
+    if (!truncate) {
+        /* unlink, rmdir, rename */
+        set_le_key_k_offset (KEY_FORMAT_3_5, &key,
+                             1 + inode->i_sb->s_blocksize);
+        set_le_key_k_type (KEY_FORMAT_3_5, &key, TYPE_DIRECT);
+    } else {
+        /* truncate */
+        set_le_key_k_offset (KEY_FORMAT_3_5, &key, 1);
+        set_le_key_k_type (KEY_FORMAT_3_5, &key, TYPE_INDIRECT);
+    }
+ 
+    if( ( truncate && 
+          ( REISERFS_I(inode) -> i_flags & i_link_saved_truncate_mask ) ) ||
+        ( !truncate && 
+          ( REISERFS_I(inode) -> i_flags & i_link_saved_unlink_mask ) ) )
+        /* don't take quota bytes from anywhere */
+        reiserfs_delete_solid_item (&th, NULL, &key);
+    if (!truncate) {
+        reiserfs_release_objectid (&th, inode->i_ino);
+        REISERFS_I(inode) -> i_flags &= ~i_link_saved_unlink_mask;
+    } else
+        REISERFS_I(inode) -> i_flags &= ~i_link_saved_truncate_mask;
+ 
+    return journal_end (&th, inode->i_sb, JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT);
+}
+
+
+static void reiserfs_put_super (struct super_block * s)
+{
+  int i;
+  struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th ;
+  th.t_trans_id = 0;
+
+  if (REISERFS_SB(s)->xattr_root) {
+    d_invalidate (REISERFS_SB(s)->xattr_root);
+    dput (REISERFS_SB(s)->xattr_root);
+  }
+  
+  if (REISERFS_SB(s)->priv_root) {
+    d_invalidate (REISERFS_SB(s)->priv_root);
+    dput (REISERFS_SB(s)->priv_root);
+  }
+
+  /* change file system state to current state if it was mounted with read-write permissions */
+  if (!(s->s_flags & MS_RDONLY)) {
+    if (!journal_begin(&th, s, 10)) {
+        reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(s, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s), 1) ;
+        set_sb_umount_state( SB_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s), REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_state );
+        journal_mark_dirty(&th, s, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB (s));
+    }
+  }
+
+  /* note, journal_release checks for readonly mount, and can decide not
+  ** to do a journal_end
+  */
+  journal_release(&th, s) ;
+
+  for (i = 0; i < SB_BMAP_NR (s); i ++)
+    brelse (SB_AP_BITMAP (s)[i].bh);
+
+  vfree (SB_AP_BITMAP (s));
+
+  brelse (SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB (s));
+
+  print_statistics (s);
+
+  if (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_kmallocs != 0) {
+    reiserfs_warning (s, "vs-2004: reiserfs_put_super: allocated memory left %d",
+                      REISERFS_SB(s)->s_kmallocs);
+  }
+
+  if (REISERFS_SB(s)->reserved_blocks != 0) {
+    reiserfs_warning (s, "green-2005: reiserfs_put_super: reserved blocks left %d",
+                      REISERFS_SB(s)->reserved_blocks);
+  }
+
+  reiserfs_proc_info_done( s );
+
+  kfree(s->s_fs_info);
+  s->s_fs_info = NULL;
+
+  return;
+}
+
+static kmem_cache_t * reiserfs_inode_cachep;
+
+static struct inode *reiserfs_alloc_inode(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+        struct reiserfs_inode_info *ei;
+        ei = (struct reiserfs_inode_info *)kmem_cache_alloc(reiserfs_inode_cachep, SLAB_KERNEL);
+        if (!ei)
+                return NULL;
+        return &ei->vfs_inode;
+}
+
+static void reiserfs_destroy_inode(struct inode *inode)
+{
+        kmem_cache_free(reiserfs_inode_cachep, REISERFS_I(inode));
+}
+
+static void init_once(void * foo, kmem_cache_t * cachep, unsigned long flags)
+{
+        struct reiserfs_inode_info *ei = (struct reiserfs_inode_info *) foo;
+
+        if ((flags & (SLAB_CTOR_VERIFY|SLAB_CTOR_CONSTRUCTOR)) ==
+            SLAB_CTOR_CONSTRUCTOR) {
+                INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ei->i_prealloc_list) ;
+                inode_init_once(&ei->vfs_inode);
+                ei->i_acl_access = NULL;
+                ei->i_acl_default = NULL;
+        }
+}
+ 
+static int init_inodecache(void)
+{
+        reiserfs_inode_cachep = kmem_cache_create("reiser_inode_cache",
+                                             sizeof(struct reiserfs_inode_info),
+                                             0, SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT,
+                                             init_once, NULL);
+        if (reiserfs_inode_cachep == NULL)
+                return -ENOMEM;
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static void destroy_inodecache(void)
+{
+        if (kmem_cache_destroy(reiserfs_inode_cachep))
+                reiserfs_warning (NULL, "reiserfs_inode_cache: not all structures were freed");
+}
+
+/* we don't mark inodes dirty, we just log them */
+static void reiserfs_dirty_inode (struct inode * inode) {
+    struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th ;
+
+    int err = 0;
+    if (inode->i_sb->s_flags & MS_RDONLY) {
+        reiserfs_warning(inode->i_sb, "clm-6006: writing inode %lu on readonly FS",
+                          inode->i_ino) ;
+        return ;
+    }
+    reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+
+    /* this is really only used for atime updates, so they don't have
+    ** to be included in O_SYNC or fsync
+    */
+    err = journal_begin(&th, inode->i_sb, 1) ;
+    if (err) {
+        reiserfs_write_unlock (inode->i_sb);
+        return;
+    }
+    reiserfs_update_sd (&th, inode);
+    journal_end(&th, inode->i_sb, 1) ;
+    reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+}
+
+static void reiserfs_clear_inode (struct inode *inode)
+{
+    struct posix_acl *acl;
+
+    acl = REISERFS_I(inode)->i_acl_access;
+    if (acl && !IS_ERR (acl))
+        posix_acl_release (acl);
+    REISERFS_I(inode)->i_acl_access = NULL;
+
+    acl = REISERFS_I(inode)->i_acl_default;
+    if (acl && !IS_ERR (acl))
+        posix_acl_release (acl);
+    REISERFS_I(inode)->i_acl_default = NULL;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+static ssize_t reiserfs_quota_write(struct super_block *, int, const char *, size_t, loff_t);
+static ssize_t reiserfs_quota_read(struct super_block *, int, char *, size_t, loff_t);
+#endif
+
+static struct super_operations reiserfs_sops =
+{
+  .alloc_inode = reiserfs_alloc_inode,
+  .destroy_inode = reiserfs_destroy_inode,
+  .write_inode = reiserfs_write_inode,
+  .dirty_inode = reiserfs_dirty_inode,
+  .delete_inode = reiserfs_delete_inode,
+  .clear_inode  = reiserfs_clear_inode,
+  .put_super = reiserfs_put_super,
+  .write_super = reiserfs_write_super,
+  .sync_fs = reiserfs_sync_fs,
+  .write_super_lockfs = reiserfs_write_super_lockfs,
+  .unlockfs = reiserfs_unlockfs,
+  .statfs = reiserfs_statfs,
+  .remount_fs = reiserfs_remount,
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+  .quota_read = reiserfs_quota_read,
+  .quota_write = reiserfs_quota_write,
+#endif
+};
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+#define QTYPE2NAME(t) ((t)==USRQUOTA?"user":"group")
+
+static int reiserfs_dquot_initialize(struct inode *, int);
+static int reiserfs_dquot_drop(struct inode *);
+static int reiserfs_write_dquot(struct dquot *);
+static int reiserfs_acquire_dquot(struct dquot *);
+static int reiserfs_release_dquot(struct dquot *);
+static int reiserfs_mark_dquot_dirty(struct dquot *);
+static int reiserfs_write_info(struct super_block *, int);
+static int reiserfs_quota_on(struct super_block *, int, int, char *);
+
+static struct dquot_operations reiserfs_quota_operations =
+{
+  .initialize = reiserfs_dquot_initialize,
+  .drop = reiserfs_dquot_drop,
+  .alloc_space = dquot_alloc_space,
+  .alloc_inode = dquot_alloc_inode,
+  .free_space = dquot_free_space,
+  .free_inode = dquot_free_inode,
+  .transfer = dquot_transfer,
+  .write_dquot = reiserfs_write_dquot,
+  .acquire_dquot = reiserfs_acquire_dquot,
+  .release_dquot = reiserfs_release_dquot,
+  .mark_dirty = reiserfs_mark_dquot_dirty,
+  .write_info = reiserfs_write_info,
+};
+
+static struct quotactl_ops reiserfs_qctl_operations =
+{
+  .quota_on = reiserfs_quota_on,
+  .quota_off = vfs_quota_off,
+  .quota_sync = vfs_quota_sync,
+  .get_info = vfs_get_dqinfo,
+  .set_info = vfs_set_dqinfo,
+  .get_dqblk = vfs_get_dqblk,
+  .set_dqblk = vfs_set_dqblk,
+};
+#endif
+
+static struct export_operations reiserfs_export_ops = {
+  .encode_fh = reiserfs_encode_fh,
+  .decode_fh = reiserfs_decode_fh,
+  .get_parent = reiserfs_get_parent,
+  .get_dentry = reiserfs_get_dentry,
+} ;
+
+/* this struct is used in reiserfs_getopt () for containing the value for those
+   mount options that have values rather than being toggles. */
+typedef struct {
+    char * value;
+    int setmask; /* bitmask which is to set on mount_options bitmask when this
+                    value is found, 0 is no bits are to be changed. */
+    int clrmask; /* bitmask which is to clear on mount_options bitmask when  this
+                    value is found, 0 is no bits are to be changed. This is
+                    applied BEFORE setmask */
+} arg_desc_t;
+
+/* Set this bit in arg_required to allow empty arguments */
+#define REISERFS_OPT_ALLOWEMPTY 31
+
+/* this struct is used in reiserfs_getopt() for describing the set of reiserfs
+   mount options */
+typedef struct {
+    char * option_name;
+    int arg_required; /* 0 if argument is not required, not 0 otherwise */
+    const arg_desc_t * values; /* list of values accepted by an option */
+    int setmask; /* bitmask which is to set on mount_options bitmask when this
+                    value is found, 0 is no bits are to be changed. */
+    int clrmask; /* bitmask which is to clear on mount_options bitmask when  this
+                    value is found, 0 is no bits are to be changed. This is
+                    applied BEFORE setmask */
+} opt_desc_t;
+
+/* possible values for -o data= */
+static const arg_desc_t logging_mode[] = {
+    {"ordered", 1<<REISERFS_DATA_ORDERED, (1<<REISERFS_DATA_LOG|1<<REISERFS_DATA_WRITEBACK)},
+    {"journal", 1<<REISERFS_DATA_LOG, (1<<REISERFS_DATA_ORDERED|1<<REISERFS_DATA_WRITEBACK)},
+    {"writeback", 1<<REISERFS_DATA_WRITEBACK, (1<<REISERFS_DATA_ORDERED|1<<REISERFS_DATA_LOG)},
+    {NULL, 0}
+};
+
+/* possible values for -o barrier= */
+static const arg_desc_t barrier_mode[] = {
+    {"none", 1<<REISERFS_BARRIER_NONE, 1<<REISERFS_BARRIER_FLUSH},
+    {"flush", 1<<REISERFS_BARRIER_FLUSH, 1<<REISERFS_BARRIER_NONE},
+    {NULL, 0}
+};
+
+/* possible values for "-o block-allocator=" and bits which are to be set in
+   s_mount_opt of reiserfs specific part of in-core super block */
+static const arg_desc_t balloc[] = {
+    {"noborder", 1<<REISERFS_NO_BORDER, 0},
+    {"border", 0, 1<<REISERFS_NO_BORDER},
+    {"no_unhashed_relocation", 1<<REISERFS_NO_UNHASHED_RELOCATION, 0},
+    {"hashed_relocation", 1<<REISERFS_HASHED_RELOCATION, 0},
+    {"test4", 1<<REISERFS_TEST4, 0},
+    {"notest4", 0, 1<<REISERFS_TEST4},
+    {NULL, 0, 0}
+};
+
+static const arg_desc_t tails[] = {
+    {"on", 1<<REISERFS_LARGETAIL, 1<<REISERFS_SMALLTAIL},
+    {"off", 0, (1<<REISERFS_LARGETAIL)|(1<<REISERFS_SMALLTAIL)},
+    {"small", 1<<REISERFS_SMALLTAIL, 1<<REISERFS_LARGETAIL},
+    {NULL, 0, 0}
+};
+
+static const arg_desc_t error_actions[] = {
+    {"panic", 1 << REISERFS_ERROR_PANIC,
+              (1 << REISERFS_ERROR_RO | 1 << REISERFS_ERROR_CONTINUE)},
+    {"ro-remount", 1 << REISERFS_ERROR_RO,
+              (1 << REISERFS_ERROR_PANIC | 1 << REISERFS_ERROR_CONTINUE)},
+#ifdef REISERFS_JOURNAL_ERROR_ALLOWS_NO_LOG
+    {"continue", 1 << REISERFS_ERROR_CONTINUE,
+              (1 << REISERFS_ERROR_PANIC | 1 << REISERFS_ERROR_RO)},
+#endif
+    {NULL, 0, 0},
+};
+
+int reiserfs_default_io_size = 128 * 1024; /* Default recommended I/O size is 128k.
+                                              There might be broken applications that are
+                                              confused by this. Use nolargeio mount option
+                                              to get usual i/o size = PAGE_SIZE.
+                                            */
+
+/* proceed only one option from a list *cur - string containing of mount options
+   opts - array of options which are accepted
+   opt_arg - if option is found and requires an argument and if it is specifed
+   in the input - pointer to the argument is stored here
+   bit_flags - if option requires to set a certain bit - it is set here
+   return -1 if unknown option is found, opt->arg_required otherwise */
+static int reiserfs_getopt ( struct super_block * s, char ** cur, opt_desc_t * opts, char ** opt_arg,
+                            unsigned long * bit_flags)
+{
+    char * p;
+    /* foo=bar, 
+       ^   ^  ^
+       |   |  +-- option_end
+       |   +-- arg_start
+       +-- option_start
+    */
+    const opt_desc_t * opt;
+    const arg_desc_t * arg;
+    
+    
+    p = *cur;
+    
+    /* assume argument cannot contain commas */
+    *cur = strchr (p, ',');
+    if (*cur) {
+        *(*cur) = '\0';
+        (*cur) ++;
+    }
+
+    if ( !strncmp (p, "alloc=", 6) ) {
+        /* Ugly special case, probably we should redo options parser so that
+           it can understand several arguments for some options, also so that
+           it can fill several bitfields with option values. */
+        if ( reiserfs_parse_alloc_options( s, p + 6) ) {
+            return -1;
+        } else {
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+ 
+    /* for every option in the list */
+    for (opt = opts; opt->option_name; opt ++) {
+        if (!strncmp (p, opt->option_name, strlen (opt->option_name))) {
+            if (bit_flags) {
+                if (opt->clrmask == (1 << REISERFS_UNSUPPORTED_OPT))
+                    reiserfs_warning (s, "%s not supported.", p);
+                else
+                    *bit_flags &= ~opt->clrmask;
+                if (opt->setmask == (1 << REISERFS_UNSUPPORTED_OPT))
+                    reiserfs_warning (s, "%s not supported.", p);
+                else
+                    *bit_flags |= opt->setmask;
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    if (!opt->option_name) {
+        reiserfs_warning (s, "unknown mount option \"%s\"", p);
+        return -1;
+    }
+    
+    p += strlen (opt->option_name);
+    switch (*p) {
+    case '=':
+        if (!opt->arg_required) {
+            reiserfs_warning (s, "the option \"%s\" does not require an argument",
+                    opt->option_name);
+            return -1;
+        }
+        break;
+        
+    case 0:
+        if (opt->arg_required) {
+            reiserfs_warning (s, "the option \"%s\" requires an argument", opt->option_name);
+            return -1;
+        }
+        break;
+    default:
+        reiserfs_warning (s, "head of option \"%s\" is only correct", opt->option_name);
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    /* move to the argument, or to next option if argument is not required */
+    p ++;
+    
+    if ( opt->arg_required && !(opt->arg_required & (1<<REISERFS_OPT_ALLOWEMPTY)) && !strlen (p) ) {
+        /* this catches "option=," if not allowed */
+        reiserfs_warning (s, "empty argument for \"%s\"", opt->option_name);
+        return -1;
+    }
+    
+    if (!opt->values) {
+        /* *=NULLopt_arg contains pointer to argument */
+        *opt_arg = p;
+        return opt->arg_required & ~(1<<REISERFS_OPT_ALLOWEMPTY);
+    }
+    
+    /* values possible for this option are listed in opt->values */
+    for (arg = opt->values; arg->value; arg ++) {
+        if (!strcmp (p, arg->value)) {
+            if (bit_flags) {
+                *bit_flags &= ~arg->clrmask;
+                *bit_flags |= arg->setmask;
+            }
+            return opt->arg_required;
+        }
+    }
+    
+    reiserfs_warning (s, "bad value \"%s\" for option \"%s\"", p, opt->option_name);
+    return -1;
+}
+
+/* returns 0 if something is wrong in option string, 1 - otherwise */
+static int reiserfs_parse_options (struct super_block * s, char * options, /* string given via mount's -o */
+                                   unsigned long * mount_options,
+                                   /* after the parsing phase, contains the
+                                      collection of bitflags defining what
+                                      mount options were selected. */
+                                   unsigned long * blocks, /* strtol-ed from NNN of resize=NNN */
+                                   char ** jdev_name,
+                                   unsigned int * commit_max_age)
+{
+    int c;
+    char * arg = NULL;
+    char * pos;
+    opt_desc_t opts[] = {
+        /* Compatibility stuff, so that -o notail for old setups still work */
+        {"tails",       .arg_required = 't', .values = tails},
+        {"notail",      .clrmask = (1<<REISERFS_LARGETAIL)|(1<<REISERFS_SMALLTAIL)},
+        {"conv",        .setmask = 1<<REISERFS_CONVERT},
+        {"attrs",       .setmask = 1<<REISERFS_ATTRS},
+        {"noattrs",     .clrmask = 1<<REISERFS_ATTRS},
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_FS_XATTR
+        {"user_xattr",  .setmask = 1<<REISERFS_XATTRS_USER},
+        {"nouser_xattr",.clrmask = 1<<REISERFS_XATTRS_USER},
+#else
+        {"user_xattr",  .setmask = 1<<REISERFS_UNSUPPORTED_OPT},
+        {"nouser_xattr",.clrmask = 1<<REISERFS_UNSUPPORTED_OPT},
+#endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_FS_POSIX_ACL
+        {"acl",         .setmask = 1<<REISERFS_POSIXACL},
+        {"noacl",       .clrmask = 1<<REISERFS_POSIXACL},
+#else
+        {"acl",         .setmask = 1<<REISERFS_UNSUPPORTED_OPT},
+        {"noacl",       .clrmask = 1<<REISERFS_UNSUPPORTED_OPT},
+#endif
+        {"nolog",},      /* This is unsupported */
+        {"replayonly",  .setmask = 1<<REPLAYONLY},
+        {"block-allocator", .arg_required = 'a', .values = balloc},
+        {"data",        .arg_required = 'd', .values = logging_mode},
+        {"barrier",     .arg_required = 'b', .values = barrier_mode},
+        {"resize",      .arg_required = 'r', .values = NULL},
+        {"jdev",        .arg_required = 'j', .values = NULL},
+        {"nolargeio",   .arg_required = 'w', .values = NULL},
+        {"commit",      .arg_required = 'c', .values = NULL},
+        {"usrquota",},
+        {"grpquota",},
+        {"errors",      .arg_required = 'e', .values = error_actions},
+        {"usrjquota",   .arg_required = 'u'|(1<<REISERFS_OPT_ALLOWEMPTY), .values = NULL},
+        {"grpjquota",   .arg_required = 'g'|(1<<REISERFS_OPT_ALLOWEMPTY), .values = NULL},
+        {"jqfmt",       .arg_required = 'f', .values = NULL},
+        {NULL,}
+    };
+        
+    *blocks = 0;
+    if (!options || !*options)
+        /* use default configuration: create tails, journaling on, no
+           conversion to newest format */
+        return 1;
+    
+    for (pos = options; pos; ) {
+        c = reiserfs_getopt (s, &pos, opts, &arg, mount_options);
+        if (c == -1)
+            /* wrong option is given */
+            return 0;
+        
+        if (c == 'r') {
+            char * p;
+            
+            p = NULL;
+            /* "resize=NNN" */
+            *blocks = simple_strtoul (arg, &p, 0);
+            if (*p != '\0') {
+                /* NNN does not look like a number */
+                reiserfs_warning (s, "reiserfs_parse_options: bad value %s", arg);
+                return 0;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if ( c == 'c' ) {
+                char *p = NULL;
+                unsigned long val = simple_strtoul (arg, &p, 0);
+                /* commit=NNN (time in seconds) */
+                if ( *p != '\0' || val >= (unsigned int)-1) {
+                        reiserfs_warning (s, "reiserfs_parse_options: bad value %s", arg);                      return 0;
+                }
+                *commit_max_age = (unsigned int)val;
+        }
+
+        if ( c == 'w' ) {
+                char *p=NULL;
+                int val = simple_strtoul (arg, &p, 0);
+
+                if ( *p != '\0') {
+                    reiserfs_warning (s, "reiserfs_parse_options: non-numeric value %s for nolargeio option", arg);
+                    return 0;
+                }
+                if ( val ) 
+                    reiserfs_default_io_size = PAGE_SIZE;
+                else
+                    reiserfs_default_io_size = 128 * 1024;
+        }
+
+        if (c == 'j') {
+            if (arg && *arg && jdev_name) {
+                if ( *jdev_name ) { //Hm, already assigned?
+                    reiserfs_warning (s, "reiserfs_parse_options: journal device was already  specified to be %s", *jdev_name);
+                    return 0;
+                }
+                *jdev_name = arg;
+            }
+        }
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+        if (c == 'u' || c == 'g') {
+            int qtype = c == 'u' ? USRQUOTA : GRPQUOTA;
+
+            if (sb_any_quota_enabled(s)) {
+                reiserfs_warning(s, "reiserfs_parse_options: cannot change journalled quota options when quota turned on.");
+                return 0;
+            }
+            if (*arg) { /* Some filename specified? */
+                if (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_qf_names[qtype] && strcmp(REISERFS_SB(s)->s_qf_names[qtype], arg)) {
+                    reiserfs_warning(s, "reiserfs_parse_options: %s quota file already specified.", QTYPE2NAME(qtype));
+                    return 0;
+                }
+                if (strchr(arg, '/')) {
+                    reiserfs_warning(s, "reiserfs_parse_options: quotafile must be on filesystem root.");
+                    return 0;
+                }
+                REISERFS_SB(s)->s_qf_names[qtype] = kmalloc(strlen(arg)+1, GFP_KERNEL);
+                if (!REISERFS_SB(s)->s_qf_names[qtype]) {
+                    reiserfs_warning(s, "reiserfs_parse_options: not enough memory for storing quotafile name.");
+                    return 0;
+                }
+                strcpy(REISERFS_SB(s)->s_qf_names[qtype], arg);
+            }
+            else {
+                if (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_qf_names[qtype]) {
+                    kfree(REISERFS_SB(s)->s_qf_names[qtype]);
+                    REISERFS_SB(s)->s_qf_names[qtype] = NULL;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if (c == 'f') {
+            if (!strcmp(arg, "vfsold"))
+                REISERFS_SB(s)->s_jquota_fmt = QFMT_VFS_OLD;
+            else if (!strcmp(arg, "vfsv0"))
+                REISERFS_SB(s)->s_jquota_fmt = QFMT_VFS_V0;
+            else {
+                reiserfs_warning(s, "reiserfs_parse_options: unknown quota format specified.");
+                return 0;
+            }
+        }
+#else
+        if (c == 'u' || c == 'g' || c == 'f') {
+            reiserfs_warning(s, "reiserfs_parse_options: journalled quota options not supported.");
+            return 0;
+        }
+#endif
+    }
+    
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+    if (!REISERFS_SB(s)->s_jquota_fmt && (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_qf_names[USRQUOTA] || REISERFS_SB(s)->s_qf_names[GRPQUOTA])) {
+        reiserfs_warning(s, "reiserfs_parse_options: journalled quota format not specified.");
+        return 0;
+    }
+#endif
+    return 1;
+}
+
+static void switch_data_mode(struct super_block *s, unsigned long mode) {
+    REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt &= ~((1 << REISERFS_DATA_LOG) |
+                                       (1 << REISERFS_DATA_ORDERED) |
+                                       (1 << REISERFS_DATA_WRITEBACK));
+    REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt |= (1 << mode);
+}
+
+static void handle_data_mode(struct super_block *s, unsigned long mount_options)
+{
+    if (mount_options & (1 << REISERFS_DATA_LOG)) {
+        if (!reiserfs_data_log(s)) {
+            switch_data_mode(s, REISERFS_DATA_LOG);
+            reiserfs_info (s, "switching to journaled data mode\n");
+        }
+    } else if (mount_options & (1 << REISERFS_DATA_ORDERED)) {
+        if (!reiserfs_data_ordered(s)) {
+            switch_data_mode(s, REISERFS_DATA_ORDERED);
+            reiserfs_info (s, "switching to ordered data mode\n");
+        }
+    } else if (mount_options & (1 << REISERFS_DATA_WRITEBACK)) {
+        if (!reiserfs_data_writeback(s)) {
+            switch_data_mode(s, REISERFS_DATA_WRITEBACK);
+            reiserfs_info (s, "switching to writeback data mode\n");
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static void handle_barrier_mode(struct super_block *s, unsigned long bits) {
+    int flush = (1 << REISERFS_BARRIER_FLUSH);
+    int none = (1 << REISERFS_BARRIER_NONE);
+    int all_barrier = flush | none;
+
+    if (bits & all_barrier) {
+        REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt &= ~all_barrier;
+        if (bits & flush) {
+            REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt |= flush;
+            printk("reiserfs: enabling write barrier flush mode\n");
+        } else if (bits & none) {
+            REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt |= none;
+            printk("reiserfs: write barriers turned off\n");
+        }
+   }
+}
+
+static void handle_attrs( struct super_block *s )
+{
+        struct reiserfs_super_block * rs;
+
+        if( reiserfs_attrs( s ) ) {
+                rs = SB_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK (s);
+                if( old_format_only(s) ) {
+                        reiserfs_warning(s, "reiserfs: cannot support attributes on 3.5.x disk format" );
+                        REISERFS_SB(s) -> s_mount_opt &= ~ ( 1 << REISERFS_ATTRS );
+                        return;
+                }
+                if( !( le32_to_cpu( rs -> s_flags ) & reiserfs_attrs_cleared ) ) {
+                                reiserfs_warning(s, "reiserfs: cannot support attributes until flag is set in super-block" );
+                                REISERFS_SB(s) -> s_mount_opt &= ~ ( 1 << REISERFS_ATTRS );
+                }
+        }
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_remount (struct super_block * s, int * mount_flags, char * arg)
+{
+  struct reiserfs_super_block * rs;
+  struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th ;
+  unsigned long blocks;
+  unsigned long mount_options = REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt;
+  unsigned long safe_mask = 0;
+  unsigned int commit_max_age = (unsigned int)-1;
+  struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(s);
+  int err;
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+  int i;
+#endif
+
+  rs = SB_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK (s);
+
+  if (!reiserfs_parse_options(s, arg, &mount_options, &blocks, NULL, &commit_max_age)) {
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+    for (i = 0; i < MAXQUOTAS; i++)
+        if (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_qf_names[i]) {
+            kfree(REISERFS_SB(s)->s_qf_names[i]);
+            REISERFS_SB(s)->s_qf_names[i] = NULL;
+        }
+#endif
+    return -EINVAL;
+  }
+  
+  handle_attrs(s);
+
+  /* Add options that are safe here */
+  safe_mask |= 1 << REISERFS_SMALLTAIL;
+  safe_mask |= 1 << REISERFS_LARGETAIL;
+  safe_mask |= 1 << REISERFS_NO_BORDER;
+  safe_mask |= 1 << REISERFS_NO_UNHASHED_RELOCATION;
+  safe_mask |= 1 << REISERFS_HASHED_RELOCATION;
+  safe_mask |= 1 << REISERFS_TEST4;
+  safe_mask |= 1 << REISERFS_ATTRS;
+  safe_mask |= 1 << REISERFS_XATTRS_USER;
+  safe_mask |= 1 << REISERFS_POSIXACL;
+  safe_mask |= 1 << REISERFS_BARRIER_FLUSH;
+  safe_mask |= 1 << REISERFS_BARRIER_NONE;
+  safe_mask |= 1 << REISERFS_ERROR_RO;
+  safe_mask |= 1 << REISERFS_ERROR_CONTINUE;
+  safe_mask |= 1 << REISERFS_ERROR_PANIC;
+
+  /* Update the bitmask, taking care to keep
+   * the bits we're not allowed to change here */
+  REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt = (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt & ~safe_mask) |  (mount_options & safe_mask);
+
+  if(commit_max_age != 0 && commit_max_age != (unsigned int)-1) {
+    journal->j_max_commit_age = commit_max_age;
+    journal->j_max_trans_age = commit_max_age;
+  }
+  else if(commit_max_age == 0)
+  {
+    /* 0 means restore defaults. */
+    journal->j_max_commit_age = journal->j_default_max_commit_age;
+    journal->j_max_trans_age = JOURNAL_MAX_TRANS_AGE;
+  }
+
+  if(blocks) {
+    int rc = reiserfs_resize(s, blocks);
+    if (rc != 0)
+      return rc;
+  }
+
+  if (*mount_flags & MS_RDONLY) {
+    reiserfs_xattr_init (s, *mount_flags);
+    /* remount read-only */
+    if (s->s_flags & MS_RDONLY)
+      /* it is read-only already */
+      return 0;
+    /* try to remount file system with read-only permissions */
+    if (sb_umount_state(rs) == REISERFS_VALID_FS || REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_state != REISERFS_VALID_FS) {
+      return 0;
+    }
+
+    err = journal_begin(&th, s, 10) ;
+    if (err)
+        return err;
+
+    /* Mounting a rw partition read-only. */
+    reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(s, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s), 1) ;
+    set_sb_umount_state( rs, REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_state );
+    journal_mark_dirty(&th, s, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB (s));
+  } else {
+    /* remount read-write */
+    if (!(s->s_flags & MS_RDONLY)) {
+        reiserfs_xattr_init (s, *mount_flags);
+        return 0; /* We are read-write already */
+    }
+
+    if (reiserfs_is_journal_aborted (journal))
+        return journal->j_errno;
+
+    handle_data_mode(s, mount_options);
+    handle_barrier_mode(s, mount_options);
+    REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_state = sb_umount_state(rs) ;
+    s->s_flags &= ~MS_RDONLY ; /* now it is safe to call journal_begin */
+    err = journal_begin(&th, s, 10) ;
+    if (err)
+        return err;
+    
+    /* Mount a partition which is read-only, read-write */
+    reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(s, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s), 1) ;
+    REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_state = sb_umount_state(rs);
+    s->s_flags &= ~MS_RDONLY;
+    set_sb_umount_state( rs, REISERFS_ERROR_FS );
+    /* mark_buffer_dirty (SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB (s), 1); */
+    journal_mark_dirty(&th, s, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB (s));
+    REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_state = REISERFS_VALID_FS ;
+  }
+  /* this will force a full flush of all journal lists */
+  SB_JOURNAL(s)->j_must_wait = 1 ;
+  err = journal_end(&th, s, 10) ;
+  if (err)
+    return err;
+  s->s_dirt = 0;
+
+  if (!( *mount_flags & MS_RDONLY ) ) {
+    finish_unfinished( s );
+    reiserfs_xattr_init (s, *mount_flags);
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* load_bitmap_info_data - Sets up the reiserfs_bitmap_info structure from disk.
+ * @sb - superblock for this filesystem
+ * @bi - the bitmap info to be loaded. Requires that bi->bh is valid.
+ *
+ * This routine counts how many free bits there are, finding the first zero
+ * as a side effect. Could also be implemented as a loop of test_bit() calls, or
+ * a loop of find_first_zero_bit() calls. This implementation is similar to
+ * find_first_zero_bit(), but doesn't return after it finds the first bit.
+ * Should only be called on fs mount, but should be fairly efficient anyways.
+ *
+ * bi->first_zero_hint is considered unset if it == 0, since the bitmap itself
+ * will * invariably occupt block 0 represented in the bitmap. The only
+ * exception to this is when free_count also == 0, since there will be no
+ * free blocks at all.
+ */
+
+static void load_bitmap_info_data (struct super_block *sb,
+                                   struct reiserfs_bitmap_info *bi)
+{
+    unsigned long *cur = (unsigned long *)bi->bh->b_data;
+
+    while ((char *)cur < (bi->bh->b_data + sb->s_blocksize)) {
+
+        /* No need to scan if all 0's or all 1's.
+         * Since we're only counting 0's, we can simply ignore all 1's */
+        if (*cur == 0) {
+            if (bi->first_zero_hint == 0) {
+                bi->first_zero_hint = ((char *)cur - bi->bh->b_data) << 3;
+            }
+            bi->free_count += sizeof(unsigned long)*8;
+        } else if (*cur != ~0L) {
+            int b;
+            for (b = 0; b < sizeof(unsigned long)*8; b++) {
+                if (!reiserfs_test_le_bit (b, cur)) {
+                    bi->free_count ++;
+                    if (bi->first_zero_hint == 0)
+                        bi->first_zero_hint =
+                                        (((char *)cur - bi->bh->b_data) << 3) + b;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        cur ++;
+    }
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+// This outputs a lot of unneded info on big FSes
+//    reiserfs_warning ("bitmap loaded from block %d: %d free blocks",
+//                    bi->bh->b_blocknr, bi->free_count);
+#endif
+}
+  
+static int read_bitmaps (struct super_block * s)
+{
+    int i, bmap_nr;
+
+    SB_AP_BITMAP (s) = vmalloc (sizeof (struct reiserfs_bitmap_info) * SB_BMAP_NR(s));
+    if (SB_AP_BITMAP (s) == 0)
+        return 1;
+    memset (SB_AP_BITMAP (s), 0, sizeof (struct reiserfs_bitmap_info) * SB_BMAP_NR(s));
+    for (i = 0, bmap_nr = REISERFS_DISK_OFFSET_IN_BYTES / s->s_blocksize + 1;
+         i < SB_BMAP_NR(s); i++, bmap_nr = s->s_blocksize * 8 * i) {
+        SB_AP_BITMAP (s)[i].bh = sb_getblk(s, bmap_nr);
+        if (!buffer_uptodate(SB_AP_BITMAP(s)[i].bh))
+            ll_rw_block(READ, 1, &SB_AP_BITMAP(s)[i].bh);
+    }
+    for (i = 0; i < SB_BMAP_NR(s); i++) {
+        wait_on_buffer(SB_AP_BITMAP (s)[i].bh);
+        if (!buffer_uptodate(SB_AP_BITMAP(s)[i].bh)) {
+            reiserfs_warning(s,"sh-2029: reiserfs read_bitmaps: "
+                         "bitmap block (#%lu) reading failed",
+                         SB_AP_BITMAP(s)[i].bh->b_blocknr);
+            for (i = 0; i < SB_BMAP_NR(s); i++)
+                brelse(SB_AP_BITMAP(s)[i].bh);
+            vfree(SB_AP_BITMAP(s));
+            SB_AP_BITMAP(s) = NULL;
+            return 1;
+        }
+        load_bitmap_info_data (s, SB_AP_BITMAP (s) + i);
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int read_old_bitmaps (struct super_block * s)
+{
+  int i ;
+  struct reiserfs_super_block * rs = SB_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s);
+  int bmp1 = (REISERFS_OLD_DISK_OFFSET_IN_BYTES / s->s_blocksize) + 1;  /* first of bitmap blocks */
+
+  /* read true bitmap */
+  SB_AP_BITMAP (s) = vmalloc (sizeof (struct reiserfs_buffer_info *) * sb_bmap_nr(rs));
+  if (SB_AP_BITMAP (s) == 0)
+    return 1;
+
+  memset (SB_AP_BITMAP (s), 0, sizeof (struct reiserfs_buffer_info *) * sb_bmap_nr(rs));
+
+  for (i = 0; i < sb_bmap_nr(rs); i ++) {
+    SB_AP_BITMAP (s)[i].bh = sb_bread (s, bmp1 + i);
+    if (!SB_AP_BITMAP (s)[i].bh)
+      return 1;
+    load_bitmap_info_data (s, SB_AP_BITMAP (s) + i);
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static int read_super_block (struct super_block * s, int offset)
+{
+    struct buffer_head * bh;
+    struct reiserfs_super_block * rs;
+    int fs_blocksize;
+ 
+
+    bh = sb_bread (s, offset / s->s_blocksize);
+    if (!bh) {
+      reiserfs_warning (s, "sh-2006: read_super_block: "
+              "bread failed (dev %s, block %lu, size %lu)",
+              reiserfs_bdevname (s), offset / s->s_blocksize, s->s_blocksize);
+      return 1;
+    }
+ 
+    rs = (struct reiserfs_super_block *)bh->b_data;
+    if (!is_any_reiserfs_magic_string (rs)) {
+      brelse (bh);
+      return 1;
+    }
+ 
+    //
+    // ok, reiserfs signature (old or new) found in at the given offset
+    //    
+    fs_blocksize = sb_blocksize(rs);
+    brelse (bh);
+    sb_set_blocksize (s, fs_blocksize);
+    
+    bh = sb_bread (s, offset / s->s_blocksize);
+    if (!bh) {
+        reiserfs_warning (s, "sh-2007: read_super_block: "
+                "bread failed (dev %s, block %lu, size %lu)\n",
+                reiserfs_bdevname (s), offset / s->s_blocksize, s->s_blocksize);
+        return 1;
+    }
+    
+    rs = (struct reiserfs_super_block *)bh->b_data;
+    if (sb_blocksize(rs) != s->s_blocksize) {
+        reiserfs_warning (s, "sh-2011: read_super_block: "
+                "can't find a reiserfs filesystem on (dev %s, block %Lu, size %lu)\n",
+                reiserfs_bdevname (s), (unsigned long long)bh->b_blocknr, s->s_blocksize);
+        brelse (bh);
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    if ( rs->s_v1.s_root_block == -1 ) {
+       brelse(bh) ;
+       reiserfs_warning (s, "Unfinished reiserfsck --rebuild-tree run detected. Please run\n"
+              "reiserfsck --rebuild-tree and wait for a completion. If that fails\n"
+              "get newer reiserfsprogs package");
+       return 1;
+    }
+
+    SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB (s) = bh;
+    SB_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK (s) = rs;
+
+    if (is_reiserfs_jr (rs)) {
+        /* magic is of non-standard journal filesystem, look at s_version to
+           find which format is in use */
+        if (sb_version(rs) == REISERFS_VERSION_2)
+          reiserfs_warning (s, "read_super_block: found reiserfs format \"3.6\""
+                  " with non-standard journal");
+        else if (sb_version(rs) == REISERFS_VERSION_1)
+          reiserfs_warning (s, "read_super_block: found reiserfs format \"3.5\""
+                  " with non-standard journal");
+        else {
+          reiserfs_warning (s, "sh-2012: read_super_block: found unknown "
+                            "format \"%u\" of reiserfs with non-standard magic",
+                            sb_version(rs));
+        return 1;
+        }
+    }
+    else
+      /* s_version of standard format may contain incorrect information,
+         so we just look at the magic string */
+      reiserfs_info (s, "found reiserfs format \"%s\" with standard journal\n",
+              is_reiserfs_3_5 (rs) ? "3.5" : "3.6");
+
+    s->s_op = &reiserfs_sops;
+    s->s_export_op = &reiserfs_export_ops;
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+    s->s_qcop = &reiserfs_qctl_operations;
+    s->dq_op = &reiserfs_quota_operations;
+#endif
+
+    /* new format is limited by the 32 bit wide i_blocks field, want to
+    ** be one full block below that.
+    */
+    s->s_maxbytes = (512LL << 32) - s->s_blocksize ;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+
+
+/* after journal replay, reread all bitmap and super blocks */
+static int reread_meta_blocks(struct super_block *s) {
+  int i ;
+  ll_rw_block(READ, 1, &(SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s))) ;
+  wait_on_buffer(SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s)) ;
+  if (!buffer_uptodate(SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s))) {
+    reiserfs_warning (s, "reread_meta_blocks, error reading the super") ;
+    return 1 ;
+  }
+
+  for (i = 0; i < SB_BMAP_NR(s) ; i++) {
+    ll_rw_block(READ, 1, &(SB_AP_BITMAP(s)[i].bh)) ;
+    wait_on_buffer(SB_AP_BITMAP(s)[i].bh) ;
+    if (!buffer_uptodate(SB_AP_BITMAP(s)[i].bh)) {
+      reiserfs_warning (s, "reread_meta_blocks, error reading bitmap block number %d at %llu",
+        i, (unsigned long long)SB_AP_BITMAP(s)[i].bh->b_blocknr) ;
+      return 1 ;
+    }
+  }
+  return 0 ;
+
+}
+
+
+/////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// hash detection stuff
+
+
+// if root directory is empty - we set default - Yura's - hash and
+// warn about it
+// FIXME: we look for only one name in a directory. If tea and yura
+// bith have the same value - we ask user to send report to the
+// mailing list
+static __u32 find_hash_out (struct super_block * s)
+{
+    int retval;
+    struct inode * inode;
+    struct cpu_key key;
+    INITIALIZE_PATH (path);
+    struct reiserfs_dir_entry de;
+    __u32 hash = DEFAULT_HASH;
+
+    inode = s->s_root->d_inode;
+
+    do { // Some serious "goto"-hater was there ;)
+        u32 teahash, r5hash, yurahash;
+
+        make_cpu_key (&key, inode, ~0, TYPE_DIRENTRY, 3);
+        retval = search_by_entry_key (s, &key, &path, &de);
+        if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+            pathrelse (&path);
+            return UNSET_HASH ;
+        }
+        if (retval == NAME_NOT_FOUND)
+            de.de_entry_num --;
+        set_de_name_and_namelen (&de);
+        if (deh_offset( &(de.de_deh[de.de_entry_num]) ) == DOT_DOT_OFFSET) {
+            /* allow override in this case */
+            if (reiserfs_rupasov_hash(s)) {
+                hash = YURA_HASH ;
+            }
+            reiserfs_warning(s,"FS seems to be empty, autodetect "
+                             "is using the default hash");
+            break;
+        }
+        r5hash=GET_HASH_VALUE (r5_hash (de.de_name, de.de_namelen));
+        teahash=GET_HASH_VALUE (keyed_hash (de.de_name, de.de_namelen));
+        yurahash=GET_HASH_VALUE (yura_hash (de.de_name, de.de_namelen));
+        if ( ( (teahash == r5hash) && (GET_HASH_VALUE( deh_offset(&(de.de_deh[de.de_entry_num]))) == r5hash) ) ||
+             ( (teahash == yurahash) && (yurahash == GET_HASH_VALUE( deh_offset(&(de.de_deh[de.de_entry_num])))) ) ||
+             ( (r5hash == yurahash) && (yurahash == GET_HASH_VALUE( deh_offset(&(de.de_deh[de.de_entry_num])))) ) ) {
+            reiserfs_warning(s,"Unable to automatically detect hash function. "
+                             "Please mount with -o hash={tea,rupasov,r5}",
+                             reiserfs_bdevname (s));
+            hash = UNSET_HASH;
+            break;
+        }
+        if (GET_HASH_VALUE( deh_offset(&(de.de_deh[de.de_entry_num])) ) == yurahash)
+            hash = YURA_HASH;
+        else if (GET_HASH_VALUE( deh_offset(&(de.de_deh[de.de_entry_num])) ) == teahash)
+            hash = TEA_HASH;
+        else if (GET_HASH_VALUE( deh_offset(&(de.de_deh[de.de_entry_num])) ) == r5hash)
+            hash = R5_HASH;
+        else {
+            reiserfs_warning (s,"Unrecognised hash function");
+            hash = UNSET_HASH;
+        }
+    } while (0);
+
+    pathrelse (&path);
+    return hash;
+}
+
+// finds out which hash names are sorted with
+static int what_hash (struct super_block * s)
+{
+    __u32 code;
+
+    code = sb_hash_function_code(SB_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s));
+
+    /* reiserfs_hash_detect() == true if any of the hash mount options
+    ** were used.  We must check them to make sure the user isn't
+    ** using a bad hash value
+    */
+    if (code == UNSET_HASH || reiserfs_hash_detect(s))
+        code = find_hash_out (s);
+
+    if (code != UNSET_HASH && reiserfs_hash_detect(s)) {
+        /* detection has found the hash, and we must check against the 
+        ** mount options 
+        */
+        if (reiserfs_rupasov_hash(s) && code != YURA_HASH) {
+            reiserfs_warning (s, "Error, %s hash detected, "
+                   "unable to force rupasov hash", reiserfs_hashname(code)) ;
+            code = UNSET_HASH ;
+        } else if (reiserfs_tea_hash(s) && code != TEA_HASH) {
+            reiserfs_warning (s, "Error, %s hash detected, "
+                   "unable to force tea hash", reiserfs_hashname(code)) ;
+            code = UNSET_HASH ;
+        } else if (reiserfs_r5_hash(s) && code != R5_HASH) {
+            reiserfs_warning (s, "Error, %s hash detected, "
+                   "unable to force r5 hash", reiserfs_hashname(code)) ;
+            code = UNSET_HASH ;
+        } 
+    } else { 
+        /* find_hash_out was not called or could not determine the hash */
+        if (reiserfs_rupasov_hash(s)) {
+            code = YURA_HASH ;
+        } else if (reiserfs_tea_hash(s)) {
+            code = TEA_HASH ;
+        } else if (reiserfs_r5_hash(s)) {
+            code = R5_HASH ;
+        } 
+    }
+
+    /* if we are mounted RW, and we have a new valid hash code, update 
+    ** the super
+    */
+    if (code != UNSET_HASH && 
+        !(s->s_flags & MS_RDONLY) && 
+        code != sb_hash_function_code(SB_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s))) {
+        set_sb_hash_function_code(SB_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s), code);
+    }
+    return code;
+}
+
+// return pointer to appropriate function
+static hashf_t hash_function (struct super_block * s)
+{
+    switch (what_hash (s)) {
+    case TEA_HASH:
+        reiserfs_info (s, "Using tea hash to sort names\n");
+        return keyed_hash;
+    case YURA_HASH:
+        reiserfs_info (s, "Using rupasov hash to sort names\n");
+        return yura_hash;
+    case R5_HASH:
+        reiserfs_info (s, "Using r5 hash to sort names\n");
+        return r5_hash;
+    }
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+// this is used to set up correct value for old partitions
+static int function2code (hashf_t func)
+{
+    if (func == keyed_hash)
+        return TEA_HASH;
+    if (func == yura_hash)
+        return YURA_HASH;
+    if (func == r5_hash)
+        return R5_HASH;
+
+    BUG() ; // should never happen
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+#define SWARN(silent, s, ...)                   \
+        if (!(silent))                          \
+                reiserfs_warning (s, __VA_ARGS__)
+
+static int reiserfs_fill_super (struct super_block * s, void * data, int silent)
+{
+    struct inode *root_inode;
+    int j;
+    struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th ;
+    int old_format = 0;
+    unsigned long blocks;
+    unsigned int commit_max_age = 0;
+    int jinit_done = 0 ;
+    struct reiserfs_iget_args args ;
+    struct reiserfs_super_block * rs;
+    char *jdev_name;
+    struct reiserfs_sb_info *sbi;
+    int errval = -EINVAL;
+
+    sbi = kmalloc(sizeof(struct reiserfs_sb_info), GFP_KERNEL);
+    if (!sbi) {
+        errval = -ENOMEM;
+        goto error;
+    }
+    s->s_fs_info = sbi;
+    memset (sbi, 0, sizeof (struct reiserfs_sb_info));
+    /* Set default values for options: non-aggressive tails, RO on errors */
+    REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt |= (1 << REISERFS_SMALLTAIL);
+    REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt |= (1 << REISERFS_ERROR_RO);
+    /* no preallocation minimum, be smart in
+       reiserfs_file_write instead */
+    REISERFS_SB(s)->s_alloc_options.preallocmin = 0;
+    /* Preallocate by 16 blocks (17-1) at once */
+    REISERFS_SB(s)->s_alloc_options.preallocsize = 17;
+    /* Initialize the rwsem for xattr dir */
+    init_rwsem(&REISERFS_SB(s)->xattr_dir_sem);
+
+    /* setup default block allocator options */
+    reiserfs_init_alloc_options(s);
+
+    jdev_name = NULL;
+    if (reiserfs_parse_options (s, (char *) data, &(sbi->s_mount_opt), &blocks, &jdev_name, &commit_max_age) == 0) {
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    if (blocks) {
+        SWARN (silent, s, "jmacd-7: reiserfs_fill_super: resize option "
+               "for remount only");
+        goto error;
+    }   
+
+    /* try old format (undistributed bitmap, super block in 8-th 1k block of a device) */
+    if (!read_super_block (s, REISERFS_OLD_DISK_OFFSET_IN_BYTES))
+      old_format = 1;
+    /* try new format (64-th 1k block), which can contain reiserfs super block */
+    else if (read_super_block (s, REISERFS_DISK_OFFSET_IN_BYTES)) {
+      SWARN(silent, s, "sh-2021: reiserfs_fill_super: can not find reiserfs on %s", reiserfs_bdevname (s));
+      goto error;
+    }
+
+    rs = SB_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK (s);
+    /* Let's do basic sanity check to verify that underlying device is not
+       smaller than the filesystem. If the check fails then abort and scream,
+       because bad stuff will happen otherwise. */
+    if ( s->s_bdev && s->s_bdev->bd_inode && i_size_read(s->s_bdev->bd_inode) < sb_block_count(rs)*sb_blocksize(rs)) {
+        SWARN (silent, s, "Filesystem on %s cannot be mounted because it is bigger than the device", reiserfs_bdevname(s));
+        SWARN(silent, s, "You may need to run fsck or increase size of your LVM partition");
+        SWARN(silent, s, "Or may be you forgot to reboot after fdisk when it told you to");
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    sbi->s_mount_state = SB_REISERFS_STATE(s);
+    sbi->s_mount_state = REISERFS_VALID_FS ;
+
+    if (old_format ? read_old_bitmaps(s) : read_bitmaps(s)) {
+        SWARN(silent, s, "jmacd-8: reiserfs_fill_super: unable to read bitmap");
+        goto error;
+    }
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+    SWARN (silent, s, "CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK is set ON");
+    SWARN (silent, s, "- it is slow mode for debugging.");
+#endif
+
+    /* make data=ordered the default */
+    if (!reiserfs_data_log(s) && !reiserfs_data_ordered(s) &&
+        !reiserfs_data_writeback(s))
+    {
+         REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt |= (1 << REISERFS_DATA_ORDERED);
+    }
+
+    if (reiserfs_data_log(s)) {
+        reiserfs_info (s, "using journaled data mode\n");
+    } else if (reiserfs_data_ordered(s)) {
+        reiserfs_info (s, "using ordered data mode\n");
+    } else {
+        reiserfs_info (s, "using writeback data mode\n");
+    }
+    if (reiserfs_barrier_flush(s)) {
+        printk("reiserfs: using flush barriers\n");
+    }
+
+    // set_device_ro(s->s_dev, 1) ;
+    if( journal_init(s, jdev_name, old_format, commit_max_age) ) {
+        SWARN(silent, s, "sh-2022: reiserfs_fill_super: unable to initialize journal space") ;
+        goto error ;
+    } else {
+        jinit_done = 1 ; /* once this is set, journal_release must be called
+                         ** if we error out of the mount
+                         */
+    }
+    if (reread_meta_blocks(s)) {
+        SWARN(silent, s, "jmacd-9: reiserfs_fill_super: unable to reread meta blocks after journal init") ;
+        goto error ;
+    }
+
+    if (replay_only (s))
+        goto error;
+
+    if (bdev_read_only(s->s_bdev) && !(s->s_flags & MS_RDONLY)) {
+        SWARN(silent, s, "clm-7000: Detected readonly device, marking FS readonly") ;
+        s->s_flags |= MS_RDONLY ;
+    }
+    args.objectid = REISERFS_ROOT_OBJECTID ;
+    args.dirid = REISERFS_ROOT_PARENT_OBJECTID ;
+    root_inode = iget5_locked (s, REISERFS_ROOT_OBJECTID, reiserfs_find_actor, reiserfs_init_locked_inode, (void *)(&args));
+    if (!root_inode) {
+        SWARN(silent, s, "jmacd-10: reiserfs_fill_super: get root inode failed");
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    if (root_inode->i_state & I_NEW) {
+        reiserfs_read_locked_inode(root_inode, &args);
+        unlock_new_inode(root_inode);
+    }
+
+    s->s_root = d_alloc_root(root_inode);  
+    if (!s->s_root) {
+        iput(root_inode);
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    // define and initialize hash function
+    sbi->s_hash_function = hash_function (s);
+    if (sbi->s_hash_function == NULL) {
+      dput(s->s_root) ;
+      s->s_root = NULL ;
+      goto error ;
+    }
+
+    if (is_reiserfs_3_5 (rs) || (is_reiserfs_jr (rs) && SB_VERSION (s) == REISERFS_VERSION_1))
+        set_bit(REISERFS_3_5, &(sbi->s_properties));
+    else
+        set_bit(REISERFS_3_6, &(sbi->s_properties));
+    
+    if (!(s->s_flags & MS_RDONLY)) {
+
+        errval = journal_begin(&th, s, 1) ;
+        if (errval) {
+            dput (s->s_root);
+            s->s_root = NULL;
+            goto error;
+        }
+        reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(s, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s), 1) ;
+
+        set_sb_umount_state( rs, REISERFS_ERROR_FS );
+        set_sb_fs_state (rs, 0);
+        
+        if (old_format_only(s)) {
+          /* filesystem of format 3.5 either with standard or non-standard
+             journal */
+          if (convert_reiserfs (s)) {
+            /* and -o conv is given */
+            if(!silent)
+              reiserfs_info (s,"converting 3.5 filesystem to the 3.6 format") ;
+
+            if (is_reiserfs_3_5 (rs))
+              /* put magic string of 3.6 format. 2.2 will not be able to
+                 mount this filesystem anymore */
+              memcpy (rs->s_v1.s_magic, reiserfs_3_6_magic_string,
+                      sizeof (reiserfs_3_6_magic_string));
+
+            set_sb_version(rs,REISERFS_VERSION_2);
+            reiserfs_convert_objectid_map_v1(s) ;
+            set_bit(REISERFS_3_6, &(sbi->s_properties));
+            clear_bit(REISERFS_3_5, &(sbi->s_properties));
+          } else if (!silent){
+            reiserfs_info (s, "using 3.5.x disk format\n") ;
+          }
+        }
+
+        journal_mark_dirty(&th, s, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB (s));
+        errval = journal_end(&th, s, 1) ;
+        if (errval) {
+            dput (s->s_root);
+            s->s_root = NULL;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        if ((errval = reiserfs_xattr_init (s, s->s_flags))) {
+            dput (s->s_root);
+            s->s_root = NULL;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        /* look for files which were to be removed in previous session */
+        finish_unfinished (s);
+    } else {
+        if ( old_format_only(s) && !silent) {
+            reiserfs_info (s, "using 3.5.x disk format\n") ;
+        }
+
+        if ((errval = reiserfs_xattr_init (s, s->s_flags))) {
+            dput (s->s_root);
+            s->s_root = NULL;
+            goto error;
+        }
+    }
+    // mark hash in super block: it could be unset. overwrite should be ok
+    set_sb_hash_function_code( rs, function2code(sbi->s_hash_function ) );
+
+    handle_attrs( s );
+
+    reiserfs_proc_info_init( s );
+
+    init_waitqueue_head (&(sbi->s_wait));
+    spin_lock_init(&sbi->bitmap_lock);
+
+    return (0);
+
+ error:
+    if (jinit_done) { /* kill the commit thread, free journal ram */
+        journal_release_error(NULL, s) ;
+    }
+    if (SB_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK (s)) {
+        for (j = 0; j < SB_BMAP_NR (s); j ++) {
+            if (SB_AP_BITMAP (s))
+                brelse (SB_AP_BITMAP (s)[j].bh);
+        }
+        if (SB_AP_BITMAP (s))
+            vfree (SB_AP_BITMAP (s));
+    }
+    if (SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB (s))
+        brelse(SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB (s));
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+    for (j = 0; j < MAXQUOTAS; j++) {
+        if (sbi->s_qf_names[j])
+            kfree(sbi->s_qf_names[j]);
+    }
+#endif
+    if (sbi != NULL) {
+        kfree(sbi);
+    }
+
+    s->s_fs_info = NULL;
+    return errval;
+}
+
+
+static int reiserfs_statfs (struct super_block * s, struct kstatfs * buf)
+{
+  struct reiserfs_super_block * rs = SB_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK (s);
+  
+  buf->f_namelen = (REISERFS_MAX_NAME (s->s_blocksize));
+  buf->f_bfree   = sb_free_blocks(rs);
+  buf->f_bavail  = buf->f_bfree;
+  buf->f_blocks  = sb_block_count(rs) - sb_bmap_nr(rs) - 1;
+  buf->f_bsize   = s->s_blocksize;
+  /* changed to accommodate gcc folks.*/
+  buf->f_type    =  REISERFS_SUPER_MAGIC;
+  return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+static int reiserfs_dquot_initialize(struct inode *inode, int type)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+    int ret;
+
+    /* We may create quota structure so we need to reserve enough blocks */
+    reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+    journal_begin(&th, inode->i_sb, 2*REISERFS_QUOTA_INIT_BLOCKS);
+    ret = dquot_initialize(inode, type);
+    journal_end(&th, inode->i_sb, 2*REISERFS_QUOTA_INIT_BLOCKS);
+    reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_dquot_drop(struct inode *inode)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+    int ret;
+
+    /* We may delete quota structure so we need to reserve enough blocks */
+    reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+    journal_begin(&th, inode->i_sb, 2*REISERFS_QUOTA_INIT_BLOCKS);
+    ret = dquot_drop(inode);
+    journal_end(&th, inode->i_sb, 2*REISERFS_QUOTA_INIT_BLOCKS);
+    reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_write_dquot(struct dquot *dquot)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+    int ret;
+
+    reiserfs_write_lock(dquot->dq_sb);
+    journal_begin(&th, dquot->dq_sb, REISERFS_QUOTA_TRANS_BLOCKS);
+    ret = dquot_commit(dquot);
+    journal_end(&th, dquot->dq_sb, REISERFS_QUOTA_TRANS_BLOCKS);
+    reiserfs_write_unlock(dquot->dq_sb);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_acquire_dquot(struct dquot *dquot)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+    int ret;
+
+    reiserfs_write_lock(dquot->dq_sb);
+    journal_begin(&th, dquot->dq_sb, REISERFS_QUOTA_INIT_BLOCKS);
+    ret = dquot_acquire(dquot);
+    journal_end(&th, dquot->dq_sb, REISERFS_QUOTA_INIT_BLOCKS);
+    reiserfs_write_unlock(dquot->dq_sb);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_release_dquot(struct dquot *dquot)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+    int ret;
+
+    reiserfs_write_lock(dquot->dq_sb);
+    journal_begin(&th, dquot->dq_sb, REISERFS_QUOTA_INIT_BLOCKS);
+    ret = dquot_release(dquot);
+    journal_end(&th, dquot->dq_sb, REISERFS_QUOTA_INIT_BLOCKS);
+    reiserfs_write_unlock(dquot->dq_sb);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_mark_dquot_dirty(struct dquot *dquot)
+{
+    /* Are we journalling quotas? */
+    if (REISERFS_SB(dquot->dq_sb)->s_qf_names[USRQUOTA] ||
+        REISERFS_SB(dquot->dq_sb)->s_qf_names[GRPQUOTA]) {
+        dquot_mark_dquot_dirty(dquot);
+        return reiserfs_write_dquot(dquot);
+    }
+    else
+        return dquot_mark_dquot_dirty(dquot);
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_write_info(struct super_block *sb, int type)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+    int ret;
+
+    /* Data block + inode block */
+    reiserfs_write_lock(sb);
+    journal_begin(&th, sb, 2);
+    ret = dquot_commit_info(sb, type);
+    journal_end(&th, sb, 2);
+    reiserfs_write_unlock(sb);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Turn on quotas during mount time - we need to find
+ * the quota file and such...
+ */
+static int reiserfs_quota_on_mount(struct super_block *sb, int type)
+{
+    int err;
+    struct dentry *dentry;
+    struct qstr name = { .name = REISERFS_SB(sb)->s_qf_names[type],
+                         .hash = 0,
+                         .len = strlen(REISERFS_SB(sb)->s_qf_names[type])};
+
+    dentry = lookup_hash(&name, sb->s_root);
+    if (IS_ERR(dentry))
+            return PTR_ERR(dentry);
+    err = vfs_quota_on_mount(type, REISERFS_SB(sb)->s_jquota_fmt, dentry);
+    /* Now invalidate and put the dentry - quota got its own reference
+     * to inode and dentry has at least wrong hash so we had better
+     * throw it away */
+    d_invalidate(dentry);
+    dput(dentry);
+    return err;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Standard function to be called on quota_on
+ */
+static int reiserfs_quota_on(struct super_block *sb, int type, int format_id, char *path)
+{
+    int err;
+    struct nameidata nd;
+
+    err = path_lookup(path, LOOKUP_FOLLOW, &nd);
+    if (err)
+        return err;
+    /* Quotafile not on the same filesystem? */
+    if (nd.mnt->mnt_sb != sb) {
+        path_release(&nd);
+        return -EXDEV;
+    }
+    /* We must not pack tails for quota files on reiserfs for quota IO to work */
+    if (!REISERFS_I(nd.dentry->d_inode)->i_flags & i_nopack_mask) {
+        reiserfs_warning(sb, "reiserfs: Quota file must have tail packing disabled.");
+        path_release(&nd);
+        return -EINVAL;
+    }
+    /* Not journalling quota? No more tests needed... */
+    if (!REISERFS_SB(sb)->s_qf_names[USRQUOTA] &&
+        !REISERFS_SB(sb)->s_qf_names[GRPQUOTA]) {
+        path_release(&nd);
+        return vfs_quota_on(sb, type, format_id, path);
+    }
+    /* Quotafile not of fs root? */
+    if (nd.dentry->d_parent->d_inode != sb->s_root->d_inode)
+        reiserfs_warning(sb, "reiserfs: Quota file not on filesystem root. "
+                             "Journalled quota will not work.");
+    path_release(&nd);
+    return vfs_quota_on(sb, type, format_id, path);
+}
+
+/* Read data from quotafile - avoid pagecache and such because we cannot afford
+ * acquiring the locks... As quota files are never truncated and quota code
+ * itself serializes the operations (and noone else should touch the files)
+ * we don't have to be afraid of races */
+static ssize_t reiserfs_quota_read(struct super_block *sb, int type, char *data,
+                                   size_t len, loff_t off)
+{
+    struct inode *inode = sb_dqopt(sb)->files[type];
+    unsigned long blk = off >> sb->s_blocksize_bits;
+    int err = 0, offset = off & (sb->s_blocksize - 1), tocopy;
+    size_t toread;
+    struct buffer_head tmp_bh, *bh;
+    loff_t i_size = i_size_read(inode);
+
+    if (off > i_size)
+        return 0;
+    if (off+len > i_size)
+        len = i_size-off;
+    toread = len;
+    while (toread > 0) {
+        tocopy = sb->s_blocksize - offset < toread ? sb->s_blocksize - offset : toread;
+        tmp_bh.b_state = 0;
+        /* Quota files are without tails so we can safely use this function */
+        reiserfs_write_lock(sb);
+        err = reiserfs_get_block(inode, blk, &tmp_bh, 0);
+        reiserfs_write_unlock(sb);
+        if (err)
+            return err;
+        if (!buffer_mapped(&tmp_bh))    /* A hole? */
+            memset(data, 0, tocopy);
+        else {
+            bh = sb_bread(sb, tmp_bh.b_blocknr);
+            if (!bh)
+                return -EIO;
+            memcpy(data, bh->b_data+offset, tocopy);
+            brelse(bh);
+        }
+        offset = 0;
+        toread -= tocopy;
+        data += tocopy;
+        blk++;
+    }
+    return len;
+}
+
+/* Write to quotafile (we know the transaction is already started and has
+ * enough credits) */
+static ssize_t reiserfs_quota_write(struct super_block *sb, int type,
+                                    const char *data, size_t len, loff_t off)
+{
+    struct inode *inode = sb_dqopt(sb)->files[type];
+    unsigned long blk = off >> sb->s_blocksize_bits;
+    int err = 0, offset = off & (sb->s_blocksize - 1), tocopy;
+    int journal_quota = REISERFS_SB(sb)->s_qf_names[type] != NULL;
+    size_t towrite = len;
+    struct buffer_head tmp_bh, *bh;
+
+    down(&inode->i_sem);
+    while (towrite > 0) {
+        tocopy = sb->s_blocksize - offset < towrite ?
+                 sb->s_blocksize - offset : towrite;
+        tmp_bh.b_state = 0;
+        err = reiserfs_get_block(inode, blk, &tmp_bh, GET_BLOCK_CREATE);
+        if (err)
+            goto out;
+        if (offset || tocopy != sb->s_blocksize)
+            bh = sb_bread(sb, tmp_bh.b_blocknr);
+        else
+            bh = sb_getblk(sb, tmp_bh.b_blocknr);
+        if (!bh) {
+            err = -EIO;
+            goto out;
+        }
+        lock_buffer(bh);
+        memcpy(bh->b_data+offset, data, tocopy);
+        flush_dcache_page(bh->b_page);
+        set_buffer_uptodate(bh);
+        unlock_buffer(bh);
+        reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(sb, bh, 1);
+        journal_mark_dirty(current->journal_info, sb, bh);
+        if (!journal_quota)
+                reiserfs_add_ordered_list(inode, bh);
+        brelse(bh);
+        offset = 0;
+        towrite -= tocopy;
+        data += tocopy;
+        blk++;
+    }
+out:
+    if (len == towrite)
+        return err;
+    if (inode->i_size < off+len-towrite)
+        i_size_write(inode, off+len-towrite);
+    inode->i_version++;
+    inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = CURRENT_TIME;
+    mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+    up(&inode->i_sem);
+    return len - towrite;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+static struct super_block*
+get_super_block (struct file_system_type *fs_type, int flags,
+                 const char *dev_name, void *data)
+{
+        return get_sb_bdev(fs_type, flags, dev_name, data, reiserfs_fill_super);
+}
+
+static int __init
+init_reiserfs_fs ( void )
+{
+        int ret;
+
+        if ((ret = init_inodecache ())) {
+                return ret;
+        }
+
+        if ((ret = reiserfs_xattr_register_handlers ()))
+            goto failed_reiserfs_xattr_register_handlers;
+
+        reiserfs_proc_info_global_init ();
+        reiserfs_proc_register_global ("version", reiserfs_global_version_in_proc);
+
+        ret = register_filesystem (& reiserfs_fs_type);
+
+        if (ret == 0) {
+                return 0;
+        }
+
+        reiserfs_xattr_unregister_handlers ();
+
+failed_reiserfs_xattr_register_handlers:
+        reiserfs_proc_unregister_global ("version");
+        reiserfs_proc_info_global_done ();
+        destroy_inodecache ();
+
+        return ret;
+}
+
+static void __exit
+exit_reiserfs_fs ( void )
+{
+        reiserfs_xattr_unregister_handlers ();
+        reiserfs_proc_unregister_global ("version");
+        reiserfs_proc_info_global_done ();
+        unregister_filesystem (& reiserfs_fs_type);
+        destroy_inodecache ();
+}
+
+struct file_system_type reiserfs_fs_type = {
+        .owner          = THIS_MODULE,
+        .name           = "reiserfs",
+        .get_sb         = get_super_block,
+        .kill_sb        = kill_block_super,
+        .fs_flags       = FS_REQUIRES_DEV,
+};
+
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION ("ReiserFS journaled filesystem");
+MODULE_AUTHOR      ("Hans Reiser <reiser@namesys.com>");
+MODULE_LICENSE     ("GPL");
+
+module_init (init_reiserfs_fs);
+module_exit (exit_reiserfs_fs);
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/tail_conversion.c b/fs/reiserfs/tail_conversion.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..6191909d5165
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/tail_conversion.c
@@ -0,0 +1,276 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 1999 Hans Reiser, see reiserfs/README for licensing and copyright details
+ */
+
+#include <linux/config.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/pagemap.h>
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_fs.h>
+
+/* access to tail : when one is going to read tail it must make sure, that is not running.
+ direct2indirect and indirect2direct can not run concurrently */
+
+
+/* Converts direct items to an unformatted node. Panics if file has no
+   tail. -ENOSPC if no disk space for conversion */
+/* path points to first direct item of the file regarless of how many of
+   them are there */
+int direct2indirect (struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, struct inode * inode, 
+                     struct path * path, struct buffer_head * unbh,
+                     loff_t tail_offset)
+{
+    struct super_block * sb = inode->i_sb;
+    struct buffer_head *up_to_date_bh ;
+    struct item_head * p_le_ih = PATH_PITEM_HEAD (path);
+    unsigned long total_tail = 0 ;
+    struct cpu_key end_key;  /* Key to search for the last byte of the
+                                converted item. */
+    struct item_head ind_ih; /* new indirect item to be inserted or
+                                key of unfm pointer to be pasted */
+    int n_blk_size,
+      n_retval;   /* returned value for reiserfs_insert_item and clones */
+    unp_t unfm_ptr;  /* Handle on an unformatted node
+                                       that will be inserted in the
+                                       tree. */
+
+    BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+
+    REISERFS_SB(sb)->s_direct2indirect ++;
+
+    n_blk_size = sb->s_blocksize;
+
+    /* and key to search for append or insert pointer to the new
+       unformatted node. */
+    copy_item_head (&ind_ih, p_le_ih);
+    set_le_ih_k_offset (&ind_ih, tail_offset);
+    set_le_ih_k_type (&ind_ih, TYPE_INDIRECT);
+
+    /* Set the key to search for the place for new unfm pointer */
+    make_cpu_key (&end_key, inode, tail_offset, TYPE_INDIRECT, 4);
+
+    // FIXME: we could avoid this 
+    if ( search_for_position_by_key (sb, &end_key, path) == POSITION_FOUND ) {
+        reiserfs_warning (sb, "PAP-14030: direct2indirect: "
+                        "pasted or inserted byte exists in the tree %K. "
+                        "Use fsck to repair.", &end_key);
+        pathrelse(path);
+        return -EIO;
+    }
+    
+    p_le_ih = PATH_PITEM_HEAD (path);
+
+    unfm_ptr = cpu_to_le32 (unbh->b_blocknr);
+    
+    if ( is_statdata_le_ih (p_le_ih) )  {
+        /* Insert new indirect item. */
+        set_ih_free_space (&ind_ih, 0); /* delete at nearest future */
+        put_ih_item_len( &ind_ih, UNFM_P_SIZE );
+        PATH_LAST_POSITION (path)++;
+        n_retval = reiserfs_insert_item (th, path, &end_key, &ind_ih, inode,
+                                         (char *)&unfm_ptr);
+    } else {
+        /* Paste into last indirect item of an object. */
+        n_retval = reiserfs_paste_into_item(th, path, &end_key, inode,
+                                            (char *)&unfm_ptr, UNFM_P_SIZE);
+    }
+    if ( n_retval ) {
+        return n_retval;
+    }
+
+    // note: from here there are two keys which have matching first
+    // three key components. They only differ by the fourth one.
+
+
+    /* Set the key to search for the direct items of the file */
+    make_cpu_key (&end_key, inode, max_reiserfs_offset (inode), TYPE_DIRECT, 4);
+
+    /* Move bytes from the direct items to the new unformatted node
+       and delete them. */
+    while (1)  {
+        int tail_size;
+
+        /* end_key.k_offset is set so, that we will always have found
+           last item of the file */
+        if ( search_for_position_by_key (sb, &end_key, path) == POSITION_FOUND )
+            reiserfs_panic (sb, "PAP-14050: direct2indirect: "
+                            "direct item (%K) not found", &end_key);
+        p_le_ih = PATH_PITEM_HEAD (path);
+        RFALSE( !is_direct_le_ih (p_le_ih),
+                "vs-14055: direct item expected(%K), found %h",
+                &end_key, p_le_ih);
+        tail_size = (le_ih_k_offset (p_le_ih) & (n_blk_size - 1))
+            + ih_item_len(p_le_ih) - 1;
+
+        /* we only send the unbh pointer if the buffer is not up to date.
+        ** this avoids overwriting good data from writepage() with old data
+        ** from the disk or buffer cache
+        ** Special case: unbh->b_page will be NULL if we are coming through
+        ** DIRECT_IO handler here.
+        */
+        if (!unbh->b_page || buffer_uptodate(unbh) || PageUptodate(unbh->b_page)) {
+            up_to_date_bh = NULL ;
+        } else {
+            up_to_date_bh = unbh ;
+        }
+        n_retval = reiserfs_delete_item (th, path, &end_key, inode, 
+                                         up_to_date_bh) ;
+
+        total_tail += n_retval ;
+        if (tail_size == n_retval)
+            // done: file does not have direct items anymore
+            break;
+
+    }
+    /* if we've copied bytes from disk into the page, we need to zero
+    ** out the unused part of the block (it was not up to date before)
+    */
+    if (up_to_date_bh) {
+        unsigned pgoff = (tail_offset + total_tail - 1) & (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - 1);
+        char *kaddr=kmap_atomic(up_to_date_bh->b_page, KM_USER0);
+        memset(kaddr + pgoff, 0, n_blk_size - total_tail) ;
+        kunmap_atomic(kaddr, KM_USER0);
+    }
+
+    REISERFS_I(inode)->i_first_direct_byte = U32_MAX;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+
+/* stolen from fs/buffer.c */
+void reiserfs_unmap_buffer(struct buffer_head *bh) {
+    lock_buffer(bh) ;
+    if (buffer_journaled(bh) || buffer_journal_dirty(bh)) {
+      BUG() ;
+    }
+    clear_buffer_dirty(bh) ;
+    /* Remove the buffer from whatever list it belongs to. We are mostly
+       interested in removing it from per-sb j_dirty_buffers list, to avoid
+        BUG() on attempt to write not mapped buffer */
+    if ( (!list_empty(&bh->b_assoc_buffers) || bh->b_private) && bh->b_page) {
+        struct inode *inode = bh->b_page->mapping->host;
+        struct reiserfs_journal *j = SB_JOURNAL(inode->i_sb);
+        spin_lock(&j->j_dirty_buffers_lock);
+        list_del_init(&bh->b_assoc_buffers);
+        reiserfs_free_jh(bh);
+        spin_unlock(&j->j_dirty_buffers_lock);
+    }
+    clear_buffer_mapped(bh) ;
+    clear_buffer_req(bh) ;
+    clear_buffer_new(bh);
+    bh->b_bdev = NULL;
+    unlock_buffer(bh) ;
+}
+
+/* this first locks inode (neither reads nor sync are permitted),
+   reads tail through page cache, insert direct item. When direct item
+   inserted successfully inode is left locked. Return value is always
+   what we expect from it (number of cut bytes). But when tail remains
+   in the unformatted node, we set mode to SKIP_BALANCING and unlock
+   inode */
+int indirect2direct (struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, 
+                     struct inode * p_s_inode,
+                     struct page *page, 
+                     struct path * p_s_path, /* path to the indirect item. */
+                     const struct cpu_key * p_s_item_key, /* Key to look for unformatted node pointer to be cut. */
+                     loff_t n_new_file_size, /* New file size. */
+                     char * p_c_mode)
+{
+    struct super_block * p_s_sb = p_s_inode->i_sb;
+    struct item_head      s_ih;
+    unsigned long n_block_size = p_s_sb->s_blocksize;
+    char * tail;
+    int tail_len, round_tail_len;
+    loff_t pos, pos1; /* position of first byte of the tail */
+    struct cpu_key key;
+
+    BUG_ON (!th->t_trans_id);
+
+    REISERFS_SB(p_s_sb)->s_indirect2direct ++;
+
+    *p_c_mode = M_SKIP_BALANCING;
+
+    /* store item head path points to. */
+    copy_item_head (&s_ih, PATH_PITEM_HEAD(p_s_path));
+
+    tail_len = (n_new_file_size & (n_block_size - 1));
+    if (get_inode_sd_version (p_s_inode) == STAT_DATA_V2)
+        round_tail_len = ROUND_UP (tail_len);
+    else
+        round_tail_len = tail_len;
+
+    pos = le_ih_k_offset (&s_ih) - 1 + (ih_item_len(&s_ih) / UNFM_P_SIZE - 1) * p_s_sb->s_blocksize;
+    pos1 = pos;
+
+    // we are protected by i_sem. The tail can not disapper, not
+    // append can be done either
+    // we are in truncate or packing tail in file_release
+
+    tail = (char *)kmap(page) ; /* this can schedule */
+
+    if (path_changed (&s_ih, p_s_path)) {
+        /* re-search indirect item */
+        if ( search_for_position_by_key (p_s_sb, p_s_item_key, p_s_path) == POSITION_NOT_FOUND )
+            reiserfs_panic(p_s_sb, "PAP-5520: indirect2direct: "
+                           "item to be converted %K does not exist", p_s_item_key);
+        copy_item_head(&s_ih, PATH_PITEM_HEAD(p_s_path));
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+        pos = le_ih_k_offset (&s_ih) - 1 + 
+            (ih_item_len(&s_ih) / UNFM_P_SIZE - 1) * p_s_sb->s_blocksize;
+        if (pos != pos1)
+            reiserfs_panic (p_s_sb, "vs-5530: indirect2direct: "
+                            "tail position changed while we were reading it");
+#endif
+    }
+
+
+    /* Set direct item header to insert. */
+    make_le_item_head (&s_ih, NULL, get_inode_item_key_version (p_s_inode), pos1 + 1,
+                       TYPE_DIRECT, round_tail_len, 0xffff/*ih_free_space*/);
+
+    /* we want a pointer to the first byte of the tail in the page.
+    ** the page was locked and this part of the page was up to date when
+    ** indirect2direct was called, so we know the bytes are still valid
+    */
+    tail = tail + (pos & (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - 1)) ;
+
+    PATH_LAST_POSITION(p_s_path)++;
+
+    key = *p_s_item_key;
+    set_cpu_key_k_type (&key, TYPE_DIRECT);
+    key.key_length = 4;
+    /* Insert tail as new direct item in the tree */
+    if ( reiserfs_insert_item(th, p_s_path, &key, &s_ih, p_s_inode,
+                              tail ? tail : NULL) < 0 ) {
+        /* No disk memory. So we can not convert last unformatted node
+           to the direct item.  In this case we used to adjust
+           indirect items's ih_free_space. Now ih_free_space is not
+           used, it would be ideal to write zeros to corresponding
+           unformatted node. For now i_size is considered as guard for
+           going out of file size */
+        kunmap(page) ;
+        return n_block_size - round_tail_len;
+    }
+    kunmap(page) ;
+
+    /* make sure to get the i_blocks changes from reiserfs_insert_item */
+    reiserfs_update_sd(th, p_s_inode);
+
+    // note: we have now the same as in above direct2indirect
+    // conversion: there are two keys which have matching first three
+    // key components. They only differ by the fouhth one.
+
+    /* We have inserted new direct item and must remove last
+       unformatted node. */
+    *p_c_mode = M_CUT;
+
+    /* we store position of first direct item in the in-core inode */
+    //mark_file_with_tail (p_s_inode, pos1 + 1);
+    REISERFS_I(p_s_inode)->i_first_direct_byte = pos1 + 1;
+
+    return n_block_size - round_tail_len;
+}
+
+
+
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/xattr.c b/fs/reiserfs/xattr.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..45582fe8b466
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/xattr.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1450 @@
+/*
+ * linux/fs/reiserfs/xattr.c
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2002 by Jeff Mahoney, <jeffm@suse.com>
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * In order to implement EA/ACLs in a clean, backwards compatible manner,
+ * they are implemented as files in a "private" directory.
+ * Each EA is in it's own file, with the directory layout like so (/ is assumed
+ * to be relative to fs root). Inside the /.reiserfs_priv/xattrs directory,
+ * directories named using the capital-hex form of the objectid and
+ * generation number are used. Inside each directory are individual files
+ * named with the name of the extended attribute.
+ *
+ * So, for objectid 12648430, we could have:
+ * /.reiserfs_priv/xattrs/C0FFEE.0/system.posix_acl_access
+ * /.reiserfs_priv/xattrs/C0FFEE.0/system.posix_acl_default
+ * /.reiserfs_priv/xattrs/C0FFEE.0/user.Content-Type
+ * .. or similar.
+ *
+ * The file contents are the text of the EA. The size is known based on the
+ * stat data describing the file.
+ *
+ * In the case of system.posix_acl_access and system.posix_acl_default, since
+ * these are special cases for filesystem ACLs, they are interpreted by the
+ * kernel, in addition, they are negatively and positively cached and attached
+ * to the inode so that unnecessary lookups are avoided.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/reiserfs_fs.h>
+#include <linux/dcache.h>
+#include <linux/namei.h>
+#include <linux/errno.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/file.h>
+#include <linux/pagemap.h>
+#include <linux/xattr.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_xattr.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_acl.h>
+#include <linux/mbcache.h>
+#include <asm/uaccess.h>
+#include <asm/checksum.h>
+#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
+#include <linux/stat.h>
+#include <asm/semaphore.h>
+
+#define FL_READONLY 128
+#define FL_DIR_SEM_HELD 256
+#define PRIVROOT_NAME ".reiserfs_priv"
+#define XAROOT_NAME   "xattrs"
+
+static struct reiserfs_xattr_handler *find_xattr_handler_prefix (const char *prefix);
+
+static struct dentry *
+create_xa_root (struct super_block *sb)
+{
+    struct dentry *privroot = dget (REISERFS_SB(sb)->priv_root);
+    struct dentry *xaroot;
+
+    /* This needs to be created at mount-time */
+    if (!privroot)
+        return ERR_PTR(-EOPNOTSUPP);
+
+    xaroot = lookup_one_len (XAROOT_NAME, privroot, strlen (XAROOT_NAME));
+    if (IS_ERR (xaroot)) {
+        goto out;
+    } else if (!xaroot->d_inode) {
+        int err;
+        down (&privroot->d_inode->i_sem);
+        err = privroot->d_inode->i_op->mkdir (privroot->d_inode, xaroot, 0700);
+        up (&privroot->d_inode->i_sem);
+
+        if (err) {
+            dput (xaroot);
+            dput (privroot);
+            return ERR_PTR (err);
+        }
+        REISERFS_SB(sb)->xattr_root = dget (xaroot);
+    }
+
+out:
+    dput (privroot);
+    return xaroot;
+}
+
+/* This will return a dentry, or error, refering to the xa root directory.
+ * If the xa root doesn't exist yet, the dentry will be returned without
+ * an associated inode. This dentry can be used with ->mkdir to create
+ * the xa directory. */
+static struct dentry *
+__get_xa_root (struct super_block *s)
+{
+    struct dentry *privroot = dget (REISERFS_SB(s)->priv_root);
+    struct dentry *xaroot = NULL;
+
+    if (IS_ERR (privroot) || !privroot)
+        return privroot;
+
+    xaroot = lookup_one_len (XAROOT_NAME, privroot, strlen (XAROOT_NAME));
+    if (IS_ERR (xaroot)) {
+        goto out;
+    } else if (!xaroot->d_inode) {
+        dput (xaroot);
+        xaroot = NULL;
+        goto out;
+    }
+
+    REISERFS_SB(s)->xattr_root = dget (xaroot);
+
+out:
+    dput (privroot);
+    return xaroot;
+}
+
+/* Returns the dentry (or NULL) referring to the root of the extended
+ * attribute directory tree. If it has already been retreived, it is used.
+ * Otherwise, we attempt to retreive it from disk. It may also return
+ * a pointer-encoded error.
+ */
+static inline struct dentry *
+get_xa_root (struct super_block *s)
+{
+    struct dentry *dentry = dget (REISERFS_SB(s)->xattr_root);
+
+    if (!dentry)
+        dentry = __get_xa_root (s);
+
+    return dentry;
+}
+
+/* Opens the directory corresponding to the inode's extended attribute store.
+ * If flags allow, the tree to the directory may be created. If creation is
+ * prohibited, -ENODATA is returned. */
+static struct dentry *
+open_xa_dir (const struct inode *inode, int flags)
+{
+    struct dentry *xaroot, *xadir;
+    char namebuf[17];
+
+    xaroot = get_xa_root (inode->i_sb);
+    if (IS_ERR (xaroot)) {
+        return xaroot;
+    } else if (!xaroot) {
+        if (flags == 0 || flags & XATTR_CREATE) {
+            xaroot = create_xa_root (inode->i_sb);
+            if (IS_ERR (xaroot))
+                return xaroot;
+        }
+        if (!xaroot)
+            return ERR_PTR (-ENODATA);
+    }
+
+    /* ok, we have xaroot open */
+
+    snprintf (namebuf, sizeof (namebuf), "%X.%X",
+              le32_to_cpu (INODE_PKEY (inode)->k_objectid),
+              inode->i_generation);
+    xadir = lookup_one_len (namebuf, xaroot, strlen (namebuf));
+    if (IS_ERR (xadir)) {
+        dput (xaroot);
+        return xadir;
+    }
+
+    if (!xadir->d_inode) {
+        int err;
+        if (flags == 0 || flags & XATTR_CREATE) {
+            /* Although there is nothing else trying to create this directory,
+             * another directory with the same hash may be created, so we need
+             * to protect against that */
+            err = xaroot->d_inode->i_op->mkdir (xaroot->d_inode, xadir, 0700);
+            if (err) {
+                dput (xaroot);
+                dput (xadir);
+                return ERR_PTR (err);
+            }
+        }
+        if (!xadir->d_inode) {
+            dput (xaroot);
+            dput (xadir);
+            return ERR_PTR (-ENODATA);
+        }
+    }
+
+    dput (xaroot);
+    return xadir;
+}
+
+/* Returns a dentry corresponding to a specific extended attribute file
+ * for the inode. If flags allow, the file is created. Otherwise, a
+ * valid or negative dentry, or an error is returned. */
+static struct dentry *
+get_xa_file_dentry (const struct inode *inode, const char *name, int flags)
+{
+    struct dentry *xadir, *xafile;
+    int err = 0;
+
+    xadir = open_xa_dir (inode, flags);
+    if (IS_ERR (xadir)) {
+        return ERR_PTR (PTR_ERR (xadir));
+    } else if (xadir && !xadir->d_inode) {
+        dput (xadir);
+        return ERR_PTR (-ENODATA);
+    }
+
+    xafile = lookup_one_len (name, xadir, strlen (name));
+    if (IS_ERR (xafile)) {
+        dput (xadir);
+        return ERR_PTR (PTR_ERR (xafile));
+    }
+
+    if (xafile->d_inode) { /* file exists */
+        if (flags & XATTR_CREATE) {
+            err = -EEXIST;
+            dput (xafile);
+            goto out;
+        }
+    } else if (flags & XATTR_REPLACE || flags & FL_READONLY) {
+        goto out;
+    } else {
+        /* inode->i_sem is down, so nothing else can try to create
+         * the same xattr */
+        err = xadir->d_inode->i_op->create (xadir->d_inode, xafile,
+                                            0700|S_IFREG, NULL);
+
+        if (err) {
+            dput (xafile);
+            goto out;
+        }
+    }
+
+out:
+    dput (xadir);
+    if (err)
+        xafile = ERR_PTR (err);
+    return xafile;
+}
+
+
+/* Opens a file pointer to the attribute associated with inode */
+static struct file *
+open_xa_file (const struct inode *inode, const char *name, int flags)
+{
+    struct dentry *xafile;
+    struct file *fp;
+
+    xafile = get_xa_file_dentry (inode, name, flags);
+    if (IS_ERR (xafile))
+        return ERR_PTR (PTR_ERR (xafile));
+    else if (!xafile->d_inode) {
+        dput (xafile);
+        return ERR_PTR (-ENODATA);
+    }
+
+    fp = dentry_open (xafile, NULL, O_RDWR);
+    /* dentry_open dputs the dentry if it fails */
+
+    return fp;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * this is very similar to fs/reiserfs/dir.c:reiserfs_readdir, but
+ * we need to drop the path before calling the filldir struct.  That
+ * would be a big performance hit to the non-xattr case, so I've copied
+ * the whole thing for now. --clm
+ *
+ * the big difference is that I go backwards through the directory,
+ * and don't mess with f->f_pos, but the idea is the same.  Do some
+ * action on each and every entry in the directory.
+ *
+ * we're called with i_sem held, so there are no worries about the directory
+ * changing underneath us.
+ */
+static int __xattr_readdir(struct file * filp, void * dirent, filldir_t filldir)
+{
+    struct inode *inode = filp->f_dentry->d_inode;
+    struct cpu_key pos_key;     /* key of current position in the directory (key of directory entry) */
+    INITIALIZE_PATH (path_to_entry);
+    struct buffer_head * bh;
+    int entry_num;
+    struct item_head * ih, tmp_ih;
+    int search_res;
+    char * local_buf;
+    loff_t next_pos;
+    char small_buf[32] ; /* avoid kmalloc if we can */
+    struct reiserfs_de_head *deh;
+    int d_reclen;
+    char * d_name;
+    off_t d_off;
+    ino_t d_ino;
+    struct reiserfs_dir_entry de;
+
+
+    /* form key for search the next directory entry using f_pos field of
+       file structure */
+    next_pos = max_reiserfs_offset(inode);
+
+    while (1) {
+research:
+        if (next_pos <= DOT_DOT_OFFSET)
+            break;
+        make_cpu_key (&pos_key, inode, next_pos, TYPE_DIRENTRY, 3);
+
+        search_res = search_by_entry_key(inode->i_sb, &pos_key, &path_to_entry, &de);
+        if (search_res == IO_ERROR) {
+            // FIXME: we could just skip part of directory which could
+            // not be read
+            pathrelse(&path_to_entry);
+            return -EIO;
+        }
+
+        if (search_res == NAME_NOT_FOUND)
+            de.de_entry_num--;
+
+        set_de_name_and_namelen(&de);
+        entry_num = de.de_entry_num;
+        deh = &(de.de_deh[entry_num]);
+
+        bh = de.de_bh;
+        ih = de.de_ih;
+
+        if (!is_direntry_le_ih(ih)) {
+            reiserfs_warning(inode->i_sb, "not direntry %h", ih);
+            break;
+        }
+        copy_item_head(&tmp_ih, ih);
+
+        /* we must have found item, that is item of this directory, */
+        RFALSE( COMP_SHORT_KEYS (&(ih->ih_key), &pos_key),
+                "vs-9000: found item %h does not match to dir we readdir %K",
+                ih, &pos_key);
+
+        if (deh_offset(deh) <= DOT_DOT_OFFSET) {
+            break;
+        }
+
+        /* look for the previous entry in the directory */
+        next_pos = deh_offset (deh) - 1;
+
+        if (!de_visible (deh))
+            /* it is hidden entry */
+            continue;
+
+        d_reclen = entry_length(bh, ih, entry_num);
+        d_name = B_I_DEH_ENTRY_FILE_NAME (bh, ih, deh);
+        d_off = deh_offset (deh);
+        d_ino = deh_objectid (deh);
+
+        if (!d_name[d_reclen - 1])
+            d_reclen = strlen (d_name);
+
+        if (d_reclen > REISERFS_MAX_NAME(inode->i_sb->s_blocksize)){
+            /* too big to send back to VFS */
+            continue ;
+        }
+
+        /* Ignore the .reiserfs_priv entry */
+        if (reiserfs_xattrs (inode->i_sb) &&
+            !old_format_only(inode->i_sb) &&
+            deh_objectid (deh) == le32_to_cpu (INODE_PKEY(REISERFS_SB(inode->i_sb)->priv_root->d_inode)->k_objectid))
+          continue;
+
+        if (d_reclen <= 32) {
+          local_buf = small_buf ;
+        } else {
+            local_buf = reiserfs_kmalloc(d_reclen, GFP_NOFS, inode->i_sb) ;
+            if (!local_buf) {
+                pathrelse (&path_to_entry);
+                return -ENOMEM ;
+            }
+            if (item_moved (&tmp_ih, &path_to_entry)) {
+                reiserfs_kfree(local_buf, d_reclen, inode->i_sb) ;
+
+                /* sigh, must retry.  Do this same offset again */
+                next_pos = d_off;
+                goto research;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Note, that we copy name to user space via temporary
+        // buffer (local_buf) because filldir will block if
+        // user space buffer is swapped out. At that time
+        // entry can move to somewhere else
+        memcpy (local_buf, d_name, d_reclen);
+
+        /* the filldir function might need to start transactions,
+         * or do who knows what.  Release the path now that we've
+         * copied all the important stuff out of the deh
+         */
+        pathrelse (&path_to_entry);
+
+        if (filldir (dirent, local_buf, d_reclen, d_off, d_ino,
+                     DT_UNKNOWN) < 0) {
+            if (local_buf != small_buf) {
+                reiserfs_kfree(local_buf, d_reclen, inode->i_sb) ;
+            }
+            goto end;
+        }
+        if (local_buf != small_buf) {
+            reiserfs_kfree(local_buf, d_reclen, inode->i_sb) ;
+        }
+    } /* while */
+
+end:
+    pathrelse (&path_to_entry);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * this could be done with dedicated readdir ops for the xattr files,
+ * but I want to get something working asap
+ * this is stolen from vfs_readdir
+ *
+ */
+static
+int xattr_readdir(struct file *file, filldir_t filler, void *buf)
+{
+        struct inode *inode = file->f_dentry->d_inode;
+        int res = -ENOTDIR;
+        if (!file->f_op || !file->f_op->readdir)
+                goto out;
+        down(&inode->i_sem);
+//        down(&inode->i_zombie);
+        res = -ENOENT;
+        if (!IS_DEADDIR(inode)) {
+                lock_kernel();
+                res = __xattr_readdir(file, buf, filler);
+                unlock_kernel();
+        }
+//        up(&inode->i_zombie);
+        up(&inode->i_sem);
+out:
+        return res;
+}
+
+
+/* Internal operations on file data */
+static inline void
+reiserfs_put_page(struct page *page)
+{
+        kunmap(page);
+        page_cache_release(page);
+}
+
+static struct page *
+reiserfs_get_page(struct inode *dir, unsigned long n)
+{
+        struct address_space *mapping = dir->i_mapping;
+        struct page *page;
+        /* We can deadlock if we try to free dentries,
+           and an unlink/rmdir has just occured - GFP_NOFS avoids this */
+        mapping->flags = (mapping->flags & ~__GFP_BITS_MASK) | GFP_NOFS;
+        page = read_cache_page (mapping, n,
+                                (filler_t*)mapping->a_ops->readpage, NULL);
+        if (!IS_ERR(page)) {
+                wait_on_page_locked(page);
+                kmap(page);
+                if (!PageUptodate(page))
+                        goto fail;
+
+                if (PageError(page))
+                        goto fail;
+        }
+        return page;
+
+fail:
+        reiserfs_put_page(page);
+        return ERR_PTR(-EIO);
+}
+
+static inline __u32
+xattr_hash (const char *msg, int len)
+{
+    return csum_partial (msg, len, 0);
+}
+
+/* Generic extended attribute operations that can be used by xa plugins */
+
+/*
+ * inode->i_sem: down
+ */
+int
+reiserfs_xattr_set (struct inode *inode, const char *name, const void *buffer,
+                    size_t buffer_size, int flags)
+{
+    int err = 0;
+    struct file *fp;
+    struct page *page;
+    char *data;
+    struct address_space *mapping;
+    size_t file_pos = 0;
+    size_t buffer_pos = 0;
+    struct inode *xinode;
+    struct iattr newattrs;
+    __u32 xahash = 0;
+
+    if (IS_RDONLY (inode))
+        return -EROFS;
+
+    if (IS_IMMUTABLE (inode) || IS_APPEND (inode))
+        return -EPERM;
+
+    if (get_inode_sd_version (inode) == STAT_DATA_V1)
+        return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+
+    /* Empty xattrs are ok, they're just empty files, no hash */
+    if (buffer && buffer_size)
+        xahash = xattr_hash (buffer, buffer_size);
+
+open_file:
+    fp = open_xa_file (inode, name, flags);
+    if (IS_ERR (fp)) {
+        err = PTR_ERR (fp);
+        goto out;
+    }
+
+    xinode = fp->f_dentry->d_inode;
+    REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags |= i_has_xattr_dir;
+
+    /* we need to copy it off.. */
+    if (xinode->i_nlink > 1) {
+        fput(fp);
+        err = reiserfs_xattr_del (inode, name);
+        if (err < 0)
+            goto out;
+        /* We just killed the old one, we're not replacing anymore */
+        if (flags & XATTR_REPLACE)
+            flags &= ~XATTR_REPLACE;
+        goto open_file;
+    }
+
+    /* Resize it so we're ok to write there */
+    newattrs.ia_size = buffer_size;
+    newattrs.ia_valid = ATTR_SIZE | ATTR_CTIME;
+    down (&xinode->i_sem);
+    err = notify_change(fp->f_dentry, &newattrs);
+    if (err)
+        goto out_filp;
+
+    mapping = xinode->i_mapping;
+    while (buffer_pos < buffer_size || buffer_pos == 0) {
+        size_t chunk;
+        size_t skip = 0;
+        size_t page_offset = (file_pos & (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - 1));
+        if (buffer_size - buffer_pos > PAGE_CACHE_SIZE)
+            chunk = PAGE_CACHE_SIZE;
+        else
+            chunk = buffer_size - buffer_pos;
+
+        page = reiserfs_get_page (xinode, file_pos >> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT);
+        if (IS_ERR (page)) {
+            err = PTR_ERR (page);
+            goto out_filp;
+        }
+
+        lock_page (page);
+        data = page_address (page);
+
+        if (file_pos == 0) {
+            struct reiserfs_xattr_header *rxh;
+            skip = file_pos = sizeof (struct reiserfs_xattr_header);
+            if (chunk + skip > PAGE_CACHE_SIZE)
+                chunk = PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - skip;
+            rxh = (struct reiserfs_xattr_header *)data;
+            rxh->h_magic = cpu_to_le32 (REISERFS_XATTR_MAGIC);
+            rxh->h_hash = cpu_to_le32 (xahash);
+        }
+
+        err = mapping->a_ops->prepare_write (fp, page, page_offset,
+                                             page_offset + chunk + skip);
+        if (!err) {
+            if (buffer)
+                memcpy (data + skip, buffer + buffer_pos, chunk);
+            err = mapping->a_ops->commit_write (fp, page, page_offset,
+                                                page_offset + chunk + skip);
+        }
+        unlock_page (page);
+        reiserfs_put_page (page);
+        buffer_pos += chunk;
+        file_pos += chunk;
+        skip = 0;
+        if (err || buffer_size == 0 || !buffer)
+            break;
+    }
+
+    /* We can't mark the inode dirty if it's not hashed. This is the case
+     * when we're inheriting the default ACL. If we dirty it, the inode
+     * gets marked dirty, but won't (ever) make it onto the dirty list until
+     * it's synced explicitly to clear I_DIRTY. This is bad. */
+    if (!hlist_unhashed(&inode->i_hash)) {
+        inode->i_ctime = CURRENT_TIME_SEC;
+        mark_inode_dirty (inode);
+    }
+
+out_filp:
+    up (&xinode->i_sem);
+    fput(fp);
+
+out:
+    return err;
+}
+
+/*
+ * inode->i_sem: down
+ */
+int
+reiserfs_xattr_get (const struct inode *inode, const char *name, void *buffer,
+                    size_t buffer_size)
+{
+    ssize_t err = 0;
+    struct file *fp;
+    size_t isize;
+    size_t file_pos = 0;
+    size_t buffer_pos = 0;
+    struct page *page;
+    struct inode *xinode;
+    __u32 hash = 0;
+
+    if (name == NULL)
+        return -EINVAL;
+
+    /* We can't have xattrs attached to v1 items since they don't have
+     * generation numbers */
+    if (get_inode_sd_version (inode) == STAT_DATA_V1)
+        return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+
+    fp = open_xa_file (inode, name, FL_READONLY);
+    if (IS_ERR (fp)) {
+        err = PTR_ERR (fp);
+        goto out;
+    }
+
+    xinode = fp->f_dentry->d_inode;
+    isize = xinode->i_size;
+    REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags |= i_has_xattr_dir;
+
+    /* Just return the size needed */
+    if (buffer == NULL) {
+        err = isize - sizeof (struct reiserfs_xattr_header);
+        goto out_dput;
+    }
+
+    if (buffer_size < isize - sizeof (struct reiserfs_xattr_header)) {
+        err = -ERANGE;
+        goto out_dput;
+    }
+
+    while (file_pos < isize) {
+        size_t chunk;
+        char *data;
+        size_t skip = 0;
+        if (isize - file_pos > PAGE_CACHE_SIZE)
+            chunk = PAGE_CACHE_SIZE;
+        else
+            chunk = isize - file_pos;
+
+        page = reiserfs_get_page (xinode, file_pos >> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT);
+        if (IS_ERR (page)) {
+            err = PTR_ERR (page);
+            goto out_dput;
+        }
+
+        lock_page (page);
+        data = page_address (page);
+        if (file_pos == 0) {
+            struct reiserfs_xattr_header *rxh =
+                                        (struct reiserfs_xattr_header *)data;
+            skip = file_pos = sizeof (struct reiserfs_xattr_header);
+            chunk -= skip;
+            /* Magic doesn't match up.. */
+            if (rxh->h_magic != cpu_to_le32 (REISERFS_XATTR_MAGIC)) {
+                unlock_page (page);
+                reiserfs_put_page (page);
+                reiserfs_warning (inode->i_sb, "Invalid magic for xattr (%s) "
+                                  "associated with %k", name,
+                                  INODE_PKEY (inode));
+                err = -EIO;
+                goto out_dput;
+            }
+            hash = le32_to_cpu (rxh->h_hash);
+        }
+        memcpy (buffer + buffer_pos, data + skip, chunk);
+        unlock_page (page);
+        reiserfs_put_page (page);
+        file_pos += chunk;
+        buffer_pos += chunk;
+        skip = 0;
+    }
+    err = isize - sizeof (struct reiserfs_xattr_header);
+
+    if (xattr_hash (buffer, isize - sizeof (struct reiserfs_xattr_header)) != hash) {
+        reiserfs_warning (inode->i_sb, "Invalid hash for xattr (%s) associated "
+                          "with %k", name, INODE_PKEY (inode));
+        err = -EIO;
+    }
+
+out_dput:
+    fput(fp);
+
+out:
+    return err;
+}
+
+static int
+__reiserfs_xattr_del (struct dentry *xadir, const char *name, int namelen)
+{
+    struct dentry *dentry;
+    struct inode *dir = xadir->d_inode;
+    int err = 0;
+
+    dentry = lookup_one_len (name, xadir, namelen);
+    if (IS_ERR (dentry)) {
+        err = PTR_ERR (dentry);
+        goto out;
+    } else if (!dentry->d_inode) {
+        err = -ENODATA;
+        goto out_file;
+    }
+
+    /* Skip directories.. */
+    if (S_ISDIR (dentry->d_inode->i_mode))
+        goto out_file;
+
+    if (!is_reiserfs_priv_object (dentry->d_inode)) {
+        reiserfs_warning (dir->i_sb, "OID %08x [%.*s/%.*s] doesn't have "
+                                     "priv flag set [parent is %sset].",
+                        le32_to_cpu (INODE_PKEY (dentry->d_inode)->k_objectid),
+                        xadir->d_name.len, xadir->d_name.name, namelen, name,
+                        is_reiserfs_priv_object (xadir->d_inode) ? "" : "not ");
+        dput (dentry);
+        return -EIO;
+    }
+
+    err = dir->i_op->unlink (dir, dentry);
+    if (!err)
+        d_delete (dentry);
+
+out_file:
+    dput (dentry);
+
+out:
+    return err;
+}
+
+
+int
+reiserfs_xattr_del (struct inode *inode, const char *name)
+{
+    struct dentry *dir;
+    int err;
+
+    if (IS_RDONLY (inode))
+        return -EROFS;
+
+    dir = open_xa_dir (inode, FL_READONLY);
+    if (IS_ERR (dir)) {
+        err = PTR_ERR (dir);
+        goto out;
+    }
+
+    err = __reiserfs_xattr_del (dir, name, strlen (name));
+    dput (dir);
+
+    if (!err) {
+        inode->i_ctime = CURRENT_TIME_SEC;
+        mark_inode_dirty (inode);
+    }
+
+out:
+    return err;
+}
+
+/* The following are side effects of other operations that aren't explicitly
+ * modifying extended attributes. This includes operations such as permissions
+ * or ownership changes, object deletions, etc. */
+
+static int
+reiserfs_delete_xattrs_filler (void *buf, const char *name, int namelen,
+                               loff_t offset, ino_t ino, unsigned int d_type)
+{
+    struct dentry *xadir = (struct dentry *)buf;
+
+    return __reiserfs_xattr_del (xadir, name, namelen);
+
+}
+
+/* This is called w/ inode->i_sem downed */
+int
+reiserfs_delete_xattrs (struct inode *inode)
+{
+    struct file *fp;
+    struct dentry *dir, *root;
+    int err = 0;
+
+    /* Skip out, an xattr has no xattrs associated with it */
+    if (is_reiserfs_priv_object (inode) ||
+        get_inode_sd_version (inode) == STAT_DATA_V1 ||
+        !reiserfs_xattrs(inode->i_sb))
+    {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    reiserfs_read_lock_xattrs (inode->i_sb);
+    dir = open_xa_dir (inode, FL_READONLY);
+    reiserfs_read_unlock_xattrs (inode->i_sb);
+    if (IS_ERR (dir)) {
+        err = PTR_ERR (dir);
+        goto out;
+    } else if (!dir->d_inode) {
+        dput (dir);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    fp = dentry_open (dir, NULL, O_RDWR);
+    if (IS_ERR (fp)) {
+        err = PTR_ERR (fp);
+        /* dentry_open dputs the dentry if it fails */
+        goto out;
+    }
+
+    lock_kernel ();
+    err = xattr_readdir (fp, reiserfs_delete_xattrs_filler, dir);
+    if (err) {
+        unlock_kernel ();
+        goto out_dir;
+    }
+
+    /* Leftovers besides . and .. -- that's not good. */
+    if (dir->d_inode->i_nlink <= 2) {
+        root = get_xa_root (inode->i_sb);
+        reiserfs_write_lock_xattrs (inode->i_sb);
+        err = vfs_rmdir (root->d_inode, dir);
+        reiserfs_write_unlock_xattrs (inode->i_sb);
+        dput (root);
+    } else {
+        reiserfs_warning (inode->i_sb,
+                          "Couldn't remove all entries in directory");
+    }
+    unlock_kernel ();
+
+out_dir:
+    fput(fp);
+
+out:
+    if (!err)
+        REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags = REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags & ~i_has_xattr_dir;
+    return err;
+}
+
+struct reiserfs_chown_buf {
+    struct inode *inode;
+    struct dentry *xadir;
+    struct iattr *attrs;
+};
+
+/* XXX: If there is a better way to do this, I'd love to hear about it */
+static int
+reiserfs_chown_xattrs_filler (void *buf, const char *name, int namelen,
+                               loff_t offset, ino_t ino, unsigned int d_type)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_chown_buf *chown_buf = (struct reiserfs_chown_buf *)buf;
+    struct dentry *xafile, *xadir = chown_buf->xadir;
+    struct iattr *attrs = chown_buf->attrs;
+    int err = 0;
+
+    xafile = lookup_one_len (name, xadir, namelen);
+    if (IS_ERR (xafile))
+        return PTR_ERR (xafile);
+    else if (!xafile->d_inode) {
+        dput (xafile);
+        return -ENODATA;
+    }
+
+    if (!S_ISDIR (xafile->d_inode->i_mode))
+        err = notify_change (xafile, attrs);
+    dput (xafile);
+
+    return err;
+}
+
+int
+reiserfs_chown_xattrs (struct inode *inode, struct iattr *attrs)
+{
+    struct file *fp;
+    struct dentry *dir;
+    int err = 0;
+    struct reiserfs_chown_buf buf;
+    unsigned int ia_valid = attrs->ia_valid;
+
+    /* Skip out, an xattr has no xattrs associated with it */
+    if (is_reiserfs_priv_object (inode) ||
+        get_inode_sd_version (inode) == STAT_DATA_V1 ||
+        !reiserfs_xattrs(inode->i_sb))
+    {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    reiserfs_read_lock_xattrs (inode->i_sb);
+    dir = open_xa_dir (inode, FL_READONLY);
+    reiserfs_read_unlock_xattrs (inode->i_sb);
+    if (IS_ERR (dir)) {
+        if (PTR_ERR (dir) != -ENODATA)
+            err = PTR_ERR (dir);
+        goto out;
+    } else if (!dir->d_inode) {
+        dput (dir);
+        goto out;
+    }
+
+    fp = dentry_open (dir, NULL, O_RDWR);
+    if (IS_ERR (fp)) {
+        err = PTR_ERR (fp);
+        /* dentry_open dputs the dentry if it fails */
+        goto out;
+    }
+
+    lock_kernel ();
+
+    attrs->ia_valid &= (ATTR_UID | ATTR_GID | ATTR_CTIME);
+    buf.xadir = dir;
+    buf.attrs = attrs;
+    buf.inode = inode;
+
+    err = xattr_readdir (fp, reiserfs_chown_xattrs_filler, &buf);
+    if (err) {
+        unlock_kernel ();
+        goto out_dir;
+    }
+
+    err = notify_change (dir, attrs);
+    unlock_kernel ();
+
+out_dir:
+    fput(fp);
+
+out:
+    attrs->ia_valid = ia_valid;
+    return err;
+}
+
+
+/* Actual operations that are exported to VFS-land */
+
+/*
+ * Inode operation getxattr()
+ * Preliminary locking: we down dentry->d_inode->i_sem
+ */
+ssize_t
+reiserfs_getxattr (struct dentry *dentry, const char *name, void *buffer,
+                   size_t size)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_xattr_handler *xah = find_xattr_handler_prefix (name);
+    int err;
+
+    if (!xah || !reiserfs_xattrs(dentry->d_sb) ||
+        get_inode_sd_version (dentry->d_inode) == STAT_DATA_V1)
+        return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+
+    reiserfs_read_lock_xattr_i (dentry->d_inode);
+    reiserfs_read_lock_xattrs (dentry->d_sb);
+    err = xah->get (dentry->d_inode, name, buffer, size);
+    reiserfs_read_unlock_xattrs (dentry->d_sb);
+    reiserfs_read_unlock_xattr_i (dentry->d_inode);
+    return err;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Inode operation setxattr()
+ *
+ * dentry->d_inode->i_sem down
+ */
+int
+reiserfs_setxattr (struct dentry *dentry, const char *name, const void *value,
+                   size_t size, int flags)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_xattr_handler *xah = find_xattr_handler_prefix (name);
+    int err;
+    int lock;
+
+    if (!xah || !reiserfs_xattrs(dentry->d_sb) ||
+        get_inode_sd_version (dentry->d_inode) == STAT_DATA_V1)
+        return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+
+    if (IS_RDONLY (dentry->d_inode))
+        return -EROFS;
+
+    if (IS_IMMUTABLE (dentry->d_inode) || IS_APPEND (dentry->d_inode))
+        return -EROFS;
+
+    reiserfs_write_lock_xattr_i (dentry->d_inode);
+    lock = !has_xattr_dir (dentry->d_inode);
+    if (lock)
+        reiserfs_write_lock_xattrs (dentry->d_sb);
+    else
+        reiserfs_read_lock_xattrs (dentry->d_sb);
+    err = xah->set (dentry->d_inode, name, value, size, flags);
+    if (lock)
+        reiserfs_write_unlock_xattrs (dentry->d_sb);
+    else
+        reiserfs_read_unlock_xattrs (dentry->d_sb);
+    reiserfs_write_unlock_xattr_i (dentry->d_inode);
+    return err;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Inode operation removexattr()
+ *
+ * dentry->d_inode->i_sem down
+ */
+int
+reiserfs_removexattr (struct dentry *dentry, const char *name)
+{
+    int err;
+    struct reiserfs_xattr_handler *xah = find_xattr_handler_prefix (name);
+
+    if (!xah || !reiserfs_xattrs(dentry->d_sb) ||
+        get_inode_sd_version (dentry->d_inode) == STAT_DATA_V1)
+        return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+
+    if (IS_RDONLY (dentry->d_inode))
+        return -EROFS;
+
+    if (IS_IMMUTABLE (dentry->d_inode) || IS_APPEND (dentry->d_inode))
+        return -EPERM;
+
+    reiserfs_write_lock_xattr_i (dentry->d_inode);
+    reiserfs_read_lock_xattrs (dentry->d_sb);
+
+    /* Deletion pre-operation */
+    if (xah->del) {
+        err = xah->del (dentry->d_inode, name);
+        if (err)
+            goto out;
+    }
+
+    err = reiserfs_xattr_del (dentry->d_inode, name);
+
+    dentry->d_inode->i_ctime = CURRENT_TIME_SEC;
+    mark_inode_dirty (dentry->d_inode);
+
+out:
+    reiserfs_read_unlock_xattrs (dentry->d_sb);
+    reiserfs_write_unlock_xattr_i (dentry->d_inode);
+    return err;
+}
+
+
+/* This is what filldir will use:
+ * r_pos will always contain the amount of space required for the entire
+ * list. If r_pos becomes larger than r_size, we need more space and we
+ * return an error indicating this. If r_pos is less than r_size, then we've
+ * filled the buffer successfully and we return success */
+struct reiserfs_listxattr_buf {
+    int r_pos;
+    int r_size;
+    char *r_buf;
+    struct inode *r_inode;
+};
+
+static int
+reiserfs_listxattr_filler (void *buf, const char *name, int namelen,
+                           loff_t offset, ino_t ino, unsigned int d_type)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_listxattr_buf *b = (struct reiserfs_listxattr_buf *)buf;
+    int len = 0;
+    if (name[0] != '.' || (namelen != 1 && (name[1] != '.' || namelen != 2))) {
+        struct reiserfs_xattr_handler *xah = find_xattr_handler_prefix (name);
+        if (!xah) return 0; /* Unsupported xattr name, skip it */
+
+        /* We call ->list() twice because the operation isn't required to just
+         * return the name back - we want to make sure we have enough space */
+        len += xah->list (b->r_inode, name, namelen, NULL);
+
+        if (len) {
+            if (b->r_pos + len + 1 <= b->r_size) {
+                char *p = b->r_buf + b->r_pos;
+                p += xah->list (b->r_inode, name, namelen, p);
+                *p++ = '\0';
+            }
+            b->r_pos += len + 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+/*
+ * Inode operation listxattr()
+ *
+ * Preliminary locking: we down dentry->d_inode->i_sem
+ */
+ssize_t
+reiserfs_listxattr (struct dentry *dentry, char *buffer, size_t size)
+{
+    struct file *fp;
+    struct dentry *dir;
+    int err = 0;
+    struct reiserfs_listxattr_buf buf;
+
+    if (!dentry->d_inode)
+        return -EINVAL;
+
+    if (!reiserfs_xattrs(dentry->d_sb) ||
+        get_inode_sd_version (dentry->d_inode) == STAT_DATA_V1)
+        return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+
+    reiserfs_read_lock_xattr_i (dentry->d_inode);
+    reiserfs_read_lock_xattrs (dentry->d_sb);
+    dir = open_xa_dir (dentry->d_inode, FL_READONLY);
+    reiserfs_read_unlock_xattrs (dentry->d_sb);
+    if (IS_ERR (dir)) {
+        err = PTR_ERR (dir);
+        if (err == -ENODATA)
+            err = 0; /* Not an error if there aren't any xattrs */
+        goto out;
+    }
+
+    fp = dentry_open (dir, NULL, O_RDWR);
+    if (IS_ERR (fp)) {
+        err = PTR_ERR (fp);
+        /* dentry_open dputs the dentry if it fails */
+        goto out;
+    }
+
+    buf.r_buf = buffer;
+    buf.r_size = buffer ? size : 0;
+    buf.r_pos = 0;
+    buf.r_inode = dentry->d_inode;
+
+    REISERFS_I(dentry->d_inode)->i_flags |= i_has_xattr_dir;
+
+    err = xattr_readdir (fp, reiserfs_listxattr_filler, &buf);
+    if (err)
+        goto out_dir;
+
+    if (buf.r_pos > buf.r_size && buffer != NULL)
+        err = -ERANGE;
+    else
+        err = buf.r_pos;
+
+out_dir:
+    fput(fp);
+
+out:
+    reiserfs_read_unlock_xattr_i (dentry->d_inode);
+    return err;
+}
+
+/* This is the implementation for the xattr plugin infrastructure */
+static struct list_head xattr_handlers = LIST_HEAD_INIT (xattr_handlers);
+static DEFINE_RWLOCK(handler_lock);
+
+static struct reiserfs_xattr_handler *
+find_xattr_handler_prefix (const char *prefix)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_xattr_handler *xah = NULL;
+    struct list_head *p;
+
+    read_lock (&handler_lock);
+    list_for_each (p, &xattr_handlers) {
+        xah = list_entry (p, struct reiserfs_xattr_handler, handlers);
+        if (strncmp (xah->prefix, prefix, strlen (xah->prefix)) == 0)
+            break;
+        xah = NULL;
+    }
+
+    read_unlock (&handler_lock);
+    return xah;
+}
+
+static void
+__unregister_handlers (void)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_xattr_handler *xah;
+    struct list_head *p, *tmp;
+
+    list_for_each_safe (p, tmp, &xattr_handlers) {
+        xah = list_entry (p, struct reiserfs_xattr_handler, handlers);
+        if (xah->exit)
+            xah->exit();
+
+        list_del_init (p);
+    }
+    INIT_LIST_HEAD (&xattr_handlers);
+}
+
+int __init
+reiserfs_xattr_register_handlers (void)
+{
+    int err = 0;
+    struct reiserfs_xattr_handler *xah;
+    struct list_head *p;
+
+    write_lock (&handler_lock);
+
+    /* If we're already initialized, nothing to do */
+    if (!list_empty (&xattr_handlers)) {
+        write_unlock (&handler_lock);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    /* Add the handlers */
+    list_add_tail (&user_handler.handlers, &xattr_handlers);
+    list_add_tail (&trusted_handler.handlers, &xattr_handlers);
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_FS_SECURITY
+    list_add_tail (&security_handler.handlers, &xattr_handlers);
+#endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_FS_POSIX_ACL
+    list_add_tail (&posix_acl_access_handler.handlers, &xattr_handlers);
+    list_add_tail (&posix_acl_default_handler.handlers, &xattr_handlers);
+#endif
+
+    /* Run initializers, if available */
+    list_for_each (p, &xattr_handlers) {
+        xah = list_entry (p, struct reiserfs_xattr_handler, handlers);
+        if (xah->init) {
+            err = xah->init ();
+            if (err) {
+                list_del_init (p);
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Clean up other handlers, if any failed */
+    if (err)
+        __unregister_handlers ();
+
+    write_unlock (&handler_lock);
+    return err;
+}
+
+void
+reiserfs_xattr_unregister_handlers (void)
+{
+    write_lock (&handler_lock);
+    __unregister_handlers ();
+    write_unlock (&handler_lock);
+}
+
+/* This will catch lookups from the fs root to .reiserfs_priv */
+static int
+xattr_lookup_poison (struct dentry *dentry, struct qstr *q1, struct qstr *name)
+{
+    struct dentry *priv_root = REISERFS_SB(dentry->d_sb)->priv_root;
+    if (name->len == priv_root->d_name.len &&
+        name->hash == priv_root->d_name.hash &&
+        !memcmp (name->name, priv_root->d_name.name, name->len)) {
+            return -ENOENT;
+    } else if (q1->len == name->len &&
+               !memcmp(q1->name, name->name, name->len))
+        return 0;
+    return 1;
+}
+
+static struct dentry_operations xattr_lookup_poison_ops = {
+    .d_compare = xattr_lookup_poison,
+};
+
+
+/* We need to take a copy of the mount flags since things like
+ * MS_RDONLY don't get set until *after* we're called.
+ * mount_flags != mount_options */
+int
+reiserfs_xattr_init (struct super_block *s, int mount_flags)
+{
+  int err = 0;
+
+  /* We need generation numbers to ensure that the oid mapping is correct
+   * v3.5 filesystems don't have them. */
+  if (!old_format_only (s)) {
+    set_bit (REISERFS_XATTRS, &(REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt));
+  } else if (reiserfs_xattrs_optional (s)) {
+    /* Old format filesystem, but optional xattrs have been enabled
+     * at mount time. Error out. */
+    reiserfs_warning (s, "xattrs/ACLs not supported on pre v3.6 "
+                      "format filesystem. Failing mount.");
+    err = -EOPNOTSUPP;
+    goto error;
+  } else {
+    /* Old format filesystem, but no optional xattrs have been enabled. This
+     * means we silently disable xattrs on the filesystem. */
+    clear_bit (REISERFS_XATTRS, &(REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt));
+  }
+
+  /* If we don't have the privroot located yet - go find it */
+  if (reiserfs_xattrs (s) && !REISERFS_SB(s)->priv_root) {
+      struct dentry *dentry;
+      dentry = lookup_one_len (PRIVROOT_NAME, s->s_root,
+                               strlen (PRIVROOT_NAME));
+      if (!IS_ERR (dentry)) {
+        if (!(mount_flags & MS_RDONLY) && !dentry->d_inode) {
+            struct inode *inode = dentry->d_parent->d_inode;
+            down (&inode->i_sem);
+            err = inode->i_op->mkdir (inode, dentry, 0700);
+            up (&inode->i_sem);
+            if (err) {
+                dput (dentry);
+                dentry = NULL;
+            }
+
+            if (dentry && dentry->d_inode)
+                reiserfs_warning (s, "Created %s on %s - reserved for "
+                                  "xattr storage.", PRIVROOT_NAME,
+                                  reiserfs_bdevname (inode->i_sb));
+        } else if (!dentry->d_inode) {
+            dput (dentry);
+            dentry = NULL;
+        }
+      } else
+        err = PTR_ERR (dentry);
+
+      if (!err && dentry) {
+          s->s_root->d_op = &xattr_lookup_poison_ops;
+          reiserfs_mark_inode_private (dentry->d_inode);
+          REISERFS_SB(s)->priv_root = dentry;
+      } else if (!(mount_flags & MS_RDONLY)) { /* xattrs are unavailable */
+          /* If we're read-only it just means that the dir hasn't been
+           * created. Not an error -- just no xattrs on the fs. We'll
+           * check again if we go read-write */
+          reiserfs_warning (s, "xattrs/ACLs enabled and couldn't "
+                            "find/create .reiserfs_priv. Failing mount.");
+          err = -EOPNOTSUPP;
+      }
+  }
+
+error:
+   /* This is only nonzero if there was an error initializing the xattr
+    * directory or if there is a condition where we don't support them. */
+    if (err) {
+          clear_bit (REISERFS_XATTRS, &(REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt));
+          clear_bit (REISERFS_XATTRS_USER, &(REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt));
+          clear_bit (REISERFS_POSIXACL, &(REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt));
+    }
+
+    /* The super_block MS_POSIXACL must mirror the (no)acl mount option. */
+    s->s_flags = s->s_flags & ~MS_POSIXACL;
+    if (reiserfs_posixacl (s))
+        s->s_flags |= MS_POSIXACL;
+
+    return err;
+}
+
+static int
+__reiserfs_permission (struct inode *inode, int mask, struct nameidata *nd,
+                       int need_lock)
+{
+        umode_t                 mode = inode->i_mode;
+
+        if (mask & MAY_WRITE) {
+                /*
+                 * Nobody gets write access to a read-only fs.
+                 */
+                if (IS_RDONLY(inode) &&
+                    (S_ISREG(mode) || S_ISDIR(mode) || S_ISLNK(mode)))
+                        return -EROFS;
+
+                /*
+                 * Nobody gets write access to an immutable file.
+                 */
+                if (IS_IMMUTABLE(inode))
+                        return -EACCES;
+        }
+
+        /* We don't do permission checks on the internal objects.
+        * Permissions are determined by the "owning" object. */
+        if (is_reiserfs_priv_object (inode))
+                return 0;
+
+        if (current->fsuid == inode->i_uid) {
+                mode >>= 6;
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_FS_POSIX_ACL
+        } else if (reiserfs_posixacl(inode->i_sb) &&
+                   get_inode_sd_version (inode) != STAT_DATA_V1) {
+                struct posix_acl *acl;
+
+                /* ACL can't contain additional permissions if
+                   the ACL_MASK entry is 0 */
+                if (!(mode & S_IRWXG))
+                        goto check_groups;
+
+                if (need_lock) {
+                    reiserfs_read_lock_xattr_i (inode);
+                    reiserfs_read_lock_xattrs (inode->i_sb);
+                }
+                acl = reiserfs_get_acl (inode, ACL_TYPE_ACCESS);
+                if (need_lock) {
+                    reiserfs_read_unlock_xattrs (inode->i_sb);
+                    reiserfs_read_unlock_xattr_i (inode);
+                }
+                if (IS_ERR (acl)) {
+                    if (PTR_ERR (acl) == -ENODATA)
+                        goto check_groups;
+                    return PTR_ERR (acl);
+                }
+
+                if (acl) {
+                    int err = posix_acl_permission (inode, acl, mask);
+                    posix_acl_release (acl);
+                    if (err == -EACCES) {
+                        goto check_capabilities;
+                    }
+                    return err;
+                } else {
+                        goto check_groups;
+                }
+#endif
+        } else {
+check_groups:
+                if (in_group_p(inode->i_gid))
+                        mode >>= 3;
+        }
+
+        /*
+         * If the DACs are ok we don't need any capability check.
+         */
+        if (((mode & mask & (MAY_READ|MAY_WRITE|MAY_EXEC)) == mask))
+                return 0;
+
+check_capabilities:
+        /*
+         * Read/write DACs are always overridable.
+         * Executable DACs are overridable if at least one exec bit is set.
+         */
+        if (!(mask & MAY_EXEC) ||
+            (inode->i_mode & S_IXUGO) || S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
+                if (capable(CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE))
+                        return 0;
+
+        /*
+         * Searching includes executable on directories, else just read.
+         */
+        if (mask == MAY_READ || (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode) && !(mask & MAY_WRITE)))
+                if (capable(CAP_DAC_READ_SEARCH))
+                        return 0;
+
+        return -EACCES;
+}
+
+int
+reiserfs_permission (struct inode *inode, int mask, struct nameidata *nd)
+{
+    return __reiserfs_permission (inode, mask, nd, 1);
+}
+
+int
+reiserfs_permission_locked (struct inode *inode, int mask, struct nameidata *nd)
+{
+    return __reiserfs_permission (inode, mask, nd, 0);
+}
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/xattr_acl.c b/fs/reiserfs/xattr_acl.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e302071903a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/xattr_acl.c
@@ -0,0 +1,571 @@
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/posix_acl.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_fs.h>
+#include <linux/errno.h>
+#include <linux/pagemap.h>
+#include <linux/xattr.h>
+#include <linux/xattr_acl.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_xattr.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_acl.h>
+#include <asm/uaccess.h>
+
+static int reiserfs_set_acl(struct inode *inode, int type, struct posix_acl *acl);
+
+static int
+xattr_set_acl(struct inode *inode, int type, const void *value, size_t size)
+{
+        struct posix_acl *acl;
+        int error;
+
+        if (!reiserfs_posixacl(inode->i_sb))
+                return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+        if ((current->fsuid != inode->i_uid) && !capable(CAP_FOWNER))
+                return -EPERM;
+
+        if (value) {
+                acl = posix_acl_from_xattr(value, size);
+                if (IS_ERR(acl)) {
+                        return PTR_ERR(acl);
+                } else if (acl) {
+                        error = posix_acl_valid(acl);
+                        if (error)
+                                goto release_and_out;
+                }
+        } else
+                acl = NULL;
+
+        error = reiserfs_set_acl (inode, type, acl);
+
+release_and_out:
+        posix_acl_release(acl);
+        return error;
+}
+
+
+static int
+xattr_get_acl(struct inode *inode, int type, void *buffer, size_t size)
+{
+        struct posix_acl *acl;
+        int error;
+
+        if (!reiserfs_posixacl(inode->i_sb))
+                return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+
+        acl = reiserfs_get_acl (inode, type);
+        if (IS_ERR(acl))
+                return PTR_ERR(acl);
+        if (acl == NULL)
+                return -ENODATA;
+        error = posix_acl_to_xattr(acl, buffer, size);
+        posix_acl_release(acl);
+
+        return error;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Convert from filesystem to in-memory representation.
+ */
+static struct posix_acl *
+posix_acl_from_disk(const void *value, size_t size)
+{
+        const char *end = (char *)value + size;
+        int n, count;
+        struct posix_acl *acl;
+
+        if (!value)
+                return NULL;
+        if (size < sizeof(reiserfs_acl_header))
+                 return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+        if (((reiserfs_acl_header *)value)->a_version !=
+            cpu_to_le32(REISERFS_ACL_VERSION))
+                return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+        value = (char *)value + sizeof(reiserfs_acl_header);
+        count = reiserfs_acl_count(size);
+        if (count < 0)
+                return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+        if (count == 0)
+                return NULL;
+        acl = posix_acl_alloc(count, GFP_NOFS);
+        if (!acl)
+                return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+        for (n=0; n < count; n++) {
+                reiserfs_acl_entry *entry =
+                        (reiserfs_acl_entry *)value;
+                if ((char *)value + sizeof(reiserfs_acl_entry_short) > end)
+                        goto fail;
+                acl->a_entries[n].e_tag  = le16_to_cpu(entry->e_tag);
+                acl->a_entries[n].e_perm = le16_to_cpu(entry->e_perm);
+                switch(acl->a_entries[n].e_tag) {
+                        case ACL_USER_OBJ:
+                        case ACL_GROUP_OBJ:
+                        case ACL_MASK:
+                        case ACL_OTHER:
+                                value = (char *)value +
+                                        sizeof(reiserfs_acl_entry_short);
+                                acl->a_entries[n].e_id = ACL_UNDEFINED_ID;
+                                break;
+
+                        case ACL_USER:
+                        case ACL_GROUP:
+                                value = (char *)value + sizeof(reiserfs_acl_entry);
+                                if ((char *)value > end)
+                                        goto fail;
+                                acl->a_entries[n].e_id =
+                                        le32_to_cpu(entry->e_id);
+                                break;
+
+                        default:
+                                goto fail;
+                }
+        }
+        if (value != end)
+                goto fail;
+        return acl;
+
+fail:
+        posix_acl_release(acl);
+        return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Convert from in-memory to filesystem representation.
+ */
+static void *
+posix_acl_to_disk(const struct posix_acl *acl, size_t *size)
+{
+        reiserfs_acl_header *ext_acl;
+        char *e;
+        int n;
+
+        *size = reiserfs_acl_size(acl->a_count);
+        ext_acl = (reiserfs_acl_header *)kmalloc(sizeof(reiserfs_acl_header) +
+                acl->a_count * sizeof(reiserfs_acl_entry), GFP_NOFS);
+        if (!ext_acl)
+                return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+        ext_acl->a_version = cpu_to_le32(REISERFS_ACL_VERSION);
+        e = (char *)ext_acl + sizeof(reiserfs_acl_header);
+        for (n=0; n < acl->a_count; n++) {
+                reiserfs_acl_entry *entry = (reiserfs_acl_entry *)e;
+                entry->e_tag  = cpu_to_le16(acl->a_entries[n].e_tag);
+                entry->e_perm = cpu_to_le16(acl->a_entries[n].e_perm);
+                switch(acl->a_entries[n].e_tag) {
+                        case ACL_USER:
+                        case ACL_GROUP:
+                                entry->e_id =
+                                        cpu_to_le32(acl->a_entries[n].e_id);
+                                e += sizeof(reiserfs_acl_entry);
+                                break;
+
+                        case ACL_USER_OBJ:
+                        case ACL_GROUP_OBJ:
+                        case ACL_MASK:
+                        case ACL_OTHER:
+                                e += sizeof(reiserfs_acl_entry_short);
+                                break;
+
+                        default:
+                                goto fail;
+                }
+        }
+        return (char *)ext_acl;
+
+fail:
+        kfree(ext_acl);
+        return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Inode operation get_posix_acl().
+ *
+ * inode->i_sem: down
+ * BKL held [before 2.5.x]
+ */
+struct posix_acl *
+reiserfs_get_acl(struct inode *inode, int type)
+{
+        char *name, *value;
+        struct posix_acl *acl, **p_acl;
+        size_t size;
+        int retval;
+        struct reiserfs_inode_info *reiserfs_i = REISERFS_I(inode);
+
+        switch (type) {
+            case ACL_TYPE_ACCESS:
+                name = XATTR_NAME_ACL_ACCESS;
+                p_acl = &reiserfs_i->i_acl_access;
+                break;
+            case ACL_TYPE_DEFAULT:
+                name = XATTR_NAME_ACL_DEFAULT;
+                p_acl = &reiserfs_i->i_acl_default;
+                break;
+            default:
+                return ERR_PTR (-EINVAL);
+        }
+
+        if (IS_ERR (*p_acl)) {
+            if (PTR_ERR (*p_acl) == -ENODATA)
+                return NULL;
+        } else if (*p_acl != NULL)
+            return posix_acl_dup (*p_acl);
+
+        size = reiserfs_xattr_get (inode, name, NULL, 0);
+        if ((int)size < 0) {
+            if (size == -ENODATA || size == -ENOSYS) {
+                *p_acl = ERR_PTR (-ENODATA);
+                return NULL;
+            }
+            return ERR_PTR (size);
+        }
+
+        value = kmalloc (size, GFP_NOFS);
+        if (!value)
+            return ERR_PTR (-ENOMEM);
+
+        retval = reiserfs_xattr_get(inode, name, value, size);
+        if (retval == -ENODATA || retval == -ENOSYS) {
+                /* This shouldn't actually happen as it should have
+                   been caught above.. but just in case */
+                acl = NULL;
+                *p_acl = ERR_PTR (-ENODATA);
+        } else if (retval < 0) {
+                acl = ERR_PTR(retval);
+        } else {
+                acl = posix_acl_from_disk(value, retval);
+                *p_acl = posix_acl_dup (acl);
+        }
+
+        kfree(value);
+        return acl;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Inode operation set_posix_acl().
+ *
+ * inode->i_sem: down
+ * BKL held [before 2.5.x]
+ */
+static int
+reiserfs_set_acl(struct inode *inode, int type, struct posix_acl *acl)
+{
+        char *name;
+        void *value = NULL;
+        struct posix_acl **p_acl;
+        size_t size;
+        int error;
+        struct reiserfs_inode_info *reiserfs_i = REISERFS_I(inode);
+
+        if (S_ISLNK(inode->i_mode))
+                return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+
+        switch (type) {
+            case ACL_TYPE_ACCESS:
+                name = XATTR_NAME_ACL_ACCESS;
+                p_acl = &reiserfs_i->i_acl_access;
+                if (acl) {
+                    mode_t mode = inode->i_mode;
+                    error = posix_acl_equiv_mode (acl, &mode);
+                    if (error < 0)
+                        return error;
+                    else {
+                        inode->i_mode = mode;
+                        if (error == 0)
+                            acl = NULL;
+                    }
+                }
+                break;
+            case ACL_TYPE_DEFAULT:
+                name = XATTR_NAME_ACL_DEFAULT;
+                p_acl = &reiserfs_i->i_acl_default;
+                if (!S_ISDIR (inode->i_mode))
+                    return acl ? -EACCES : 0;
+                break;
+            default:
+                return -EINVAL;
+        }
+
+        if (acl) {
+            value = posix_acl_to_disk(acl, &size);
+            if (IS_ERR(value))
+                return (int)PTR_ERR(value);
+            error = reiserfs_xattr_set(inode, name, value, size, 0);
+        } else {
+            error = reiserfs_xattr_del (inode, name);
+            if (error == -ENODATA) {
+                /* This may seem odd here, but it means that the ACL was set
+                 * with a value representable with mode bits. If there was
+                 * an ACL before, reiserfs_xattr_del already dirtied the inode.
+                 */
+                mark_inode_dirty (inode);
+                error = 0;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (value)
+                kfree(value);
+
+        if (!error) {
+            /* Release the old one */
+            if (!IS_ERR (*p_acl) && *p_acl)
+                posix_acl_release (*p_acl);
+
+            if (acl == NULL)
+                *p_acl = ERR_PTR (-ENODATA);
+            else
+                *p_acl = posix_acl_dup (acl);
+        }
+
+        return error;
+}
+
+/* dir->i_sem: down,
+ * inode is new and not released into the wild yet */
+int
+reiserfs_inherit_default_acl (struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, struct inode *inode)
+{
+    struct posix_acl *acl;
+    int err = 0;
+
+    /* ACLs only get applied to files and directories */
+    if (S_ISLNK (inode->i_mode))
+        return 0;
+
+    /* ACLs can only be used on "new" objects, so if it's an old object
+     * there is nothing to inherit from */
+    if (get_inode_sd_version (dir) == STAT_DATA_V1)
+        goto apply_umask;
+
+    /* Don't apply ACLs to objects in the .reiserfs_priv tree.. This
+     * would be useless since permissions are ignored, and a pain because
+     * it introduces locking cycles */
+    if (is_reiserfs_priv_object (dir)) {
+        reiserfs_mark_inode_private (inode);
+        goto apply_umask;
+    }
+
+    acl = reiserfs_get_acl (dir, ACL_TYPE_DEFAULT);
+    if (IS_ERR (acl)) {
+        if (PTR_ERR (acl) == -ENODATA)
+            goto apply_umask;
+        return PTR_ERR (acl);
+    }
+
+    if (acl) {
+        struct posix_acl *acl_copy;
+        mode_t mode = inode->i_mode;
+        int need_acl;
+
+        /* Copy the default ACL to the default ACL of a new directory */
+        if (S_ISDIR (inode->i_mode)) {
+            err = reiserfs_set_acl (inode, ACL_TYPE_DEFAULT, acl);
+            if (err)
+                goto cleanup;
+        }
+
+        /* Now we reconcile the new ACL and the mode,
+           potentially modifying both */
+        acl_copy = posix_acl_clone (acl, GFP_NOFS);
+        if (!acl_copy) {
+            err = -ENOMEM;
+            goto cleanup;
+        }
+
+
+        need_acl = posix_acl_create_masq (acl_copy, &mode);
+        if (need_acl >= 0) {
+            if (mode != inode->i_mode) {
+                inode->i_mode = mode;
+            }
+
+            /* If we need an ACL.. */
+            if (need_acl > 0) {
+                err = reiserfs_set_acl (inode, ACL_TYPE_ACCESS, acl_copy);
+                if (err)
+                    goto cleanup_copy;
+            }
+        }
+cleanup_copy:
+        posix_acl_release (acl_copy);
+cleanup:
+        posix_acl_release (acl);
+    } else {
+apply_umask:
+        /* no ACL, apply umask */
+        inode->i_mode &= ~current->fs->umask;
+    }
+
+    return err;
+}
+
+/* Looks up and caches the result of the default ACL.
+ * We do this so that we don't need to carry the xattr_sem into
+ * reiserfs_new_inode if we don't need to */
+int
+reiserfs_cache_default_acl (struct inode *inode)
+{
+    int ret = 0;
+    if (reiserfs_posixacl (inode->i_sb) &&
+        !is_reiserfs_priv_object (inode)) {
+        struct posix_acl *acl;
+        reiserfs_read_lock_xattr_i (inode);
+        reiserfs_read_lock_xattrs (inode->i_sb);
+        acl = reiserfs_get_acl (inode, ACL_TYPE_DEFAULT);
+        reiserfs_read_unlock_xattrs (inode->i_sb);
+        reiserfs_read_unlock_xattr_i (inode);
+        ret = acl ? 1 : 0;
+        posix_acl_release (acl);
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+int
+reiserfs_acl_chmod (struct inode *inode)
+{
+        struct posix_acl *acl, *clone;
+        int error;
+
+        if (S_ISLNK(inode->i_mode))
+                return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+
+        if (get_inode_sd_version (inode) == STAT_DATA_V1 ||
+            !reiserfs_posixacl(inode->i_sb))
+        {
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        reiserfs_read_lock_xattrs (inode->i_sb);
+        acl = reiserfs_get_acl(inode, ACL_TYPE_ACCESS);
+        reiserfs_read_unlock_xattrs (inode->i_sb);
+        if (!acl)
+                return 0;
+        if (IS_ERR(acl))
+                return PTR_ERR(acl);
+        clone = posix_acl_clone(acl, GFP_NOFS);
+        posix_acl_release(acl);
+        if (!clone)
+                return -ENOMEM;
+        error = posix_acl_chmod_masq(clone, inode->i_mode);
+        if (!error) {
+                int lock = !has_xattr_dir (inode);
+                reiserfs_write_lock_xattr_i (inode);
+                if (lock)
+                    reiserfs_write_lock_xattrs (inode->i_sb);
+                else
+                    reiserfs_read_lock_xattrs (inode->i_sb);
+                error = reiserfs_set_acl(inode, ACL_TYPE_ACCESS, clone);
+                if (lock)
+                    reiserfs_write_unlock_xattrs (inode->i_sb);
+                else
+                    reiserfs_read_unlock_xattrs (inode->i_sb);
+                reiserfs_write_unlock_xattr_i (inode);
+        }
+        posix_acl_release(clone);
+        return error;
+}
+
+static int
+posix_acl_access_get(struct inode *inode, const char *name,
+                          void *buffer, size_t size)
+{
+        if (strlen(name) != sizeof(XATTR_NAME_ACL_ACCESS)-1)
+                return -EINVAL;
+        return xattr_get_acl(inode, ACL_TYPE_ACCESS, buffer, size);
+}
+
+static int
+posix_acl_access_set(struct inode *inode, const char *name,
+                          const void *value, size_t size, int flags)
+{
+        if (strlen(name) != sizeof(XATTR_NAME_ACL_ACCESS)-1)
+                return -EINVAL;
+        return xattr_set_acl(inode, ACL_TYPE_ACCESS, value, size);
+}
+
+static int
+posix_acl_access_del (struct inode *inode, const char *name)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_inode_info *reiserfs_i = REISERFS_I(inode);
+    struct posix_acl **acl = &reiserfs_i->i_acl_access;
+    if (strlen(name) != sizeof(XATTR_NAME_ACL_ACCESS)-1)
+        return -EINVAL;
+    if (!IS_ERR (*acl) && *acl) {
+        posix_acl_release (*acl);
+        *acl = ERR_PTR (-ENODATA);
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+posix_acl_access_list (struct inode *inode, const char *name, int namelen, char *out)
+{
+    int len = namelen;
+    if (!reiserfs_posixacl (inode->i_sb))
+        return 0;
+    if (out)
+        memcpy (out, name, len);
+
+    return len;
+}
+
+struct reiserfs_xattr_handler posix_acl_access_handler = {
+        .prefix = XATTR_NAME_ACL_ACCESS,
+        .get = posix_acl_access_get,
+        .set = posix_acl_access_set,
+        .del = posix_acl_access_del,
+        .list = posix_acl_access_list,
+};
+
+static int
+posix_acl_default_get (struct inode *inode, const char *name,
+                           void *buffer, size_t size)
+{
+        if (strlen(name) != sizeof(XATTR_NAME_ACL_DEFAULT)-1)
+                return -EINVAL;
+        return xattr_get_acl(inode, ACL_TYPE_DEFAULT, buffer, size);
+}
+
+static int
+posix_acl_default_set(struct inode *inode, const char *name,
+                           const void *value, size_t size, int flags)
+{
+        if (strlen(name) != sizeof(XATTR_NAME_ACL_DEFAULT)-1)
+                return -EINVAL;
+        return xattr_set_acl(inode, ACL_TYPE_DEFAULT, value, size);
+}
+
+static int
+posix_acl_default_del (struct inode *inode, const char *name)
+{
+    struct reiserfs_inode_info *reiserfs_i = REISERFS_I(inode);
+    struct posix_acl **acl = &reiserfs_i->i_acl_default;
+    if (strlen(name) != sizeof(XATTR_NAME_ACL_DEFAULT)-1)
+        return -EINVAL;
+    if (!IS_ERR (*acl) && *acl) {
+        posix_acl_release (*acl);
+        *acl = ERR_PTR (-ENODATA);
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+posix_acl_default_list (struct inode *inode, const char *name, int namelen, char *out)
+{
+    int len = namelen;
+    if (!reiserfs_posixacl (inode->i_sb))
+        return 0;
+    if (out)
+        memcpy (out, name, len);
+
+    return len;
+}
+
+struct reiserfs_xattr_handler posix_acl_default_handler = {
+        .prefix = XATTR_NAME_ACL_DEFAULT,
+        .get = posix_acl_default_get,
+        .set = posix_acl_default_set,
+        .del = posix_acl_default_del,
+        .list = posix_acl_default_list,
+};
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/xattr_security.c b/fs/reiserfs/xattr_security.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e044d5117117
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/xattr_security.c
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+#include <linux/reiserfs_fs.h>
+#include <linux/errno.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/pagemap.h>
+#include <linux/xattr.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_xattr.h>
+#include <asm/uaccess.h>
+
+#define XATTR_SECURITY_PREFIX "security."
+
+static int
+security_get (struct inode *inode, const char *name, void *buffer, size_t size)
+{
+    if (strlen(name) < sizeof(XATTR_SECURITY_PREFIX))
+        return -EINVAL;
+
+    if (is_reiserfs_priv_object(inode))
+        return -EPERM;
+
+    return reiserfs_xattr_get (inode, name, buffer, size);
+}
+
+static int
+security_set (struct inode *inode, const char *name, const void *buffer,
+          size_t size, int flags)
+{
+    if (strlen(name) < sizeof(XATTR_SECURITY_PREFIX))
+        return -EINVAL;
+
+    if (is_reiserfs_priv_object(inode))
+        return -EPERM;
+
+    return reiserfs_xattr_set (inode, name, buffer, size, flags);
+}
+
+static int
+security_del (struct inode *inode, const char *name)
+{
+    if (strlen(name) < sizeof(XATTR_SECURITY_PREFIX))
+        return -EINVAL;
+
+    if (is_reiserfs_priv_object(inode))
+        return -EPERM;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+security_list (struct inode *inode, const char *name, int namelen, char *out)
+{
+    int len = namelen;
+
+    if (is_reiserfs_priv_object(inode))
+        return 0;
+
+    if (out)
+        memcpy (out, name, len);
+
+    return len;
+}
+
+
+struct reiserfs_xattr_handler security_handler = {
+        .prefix = XATTR_SECURITY_PREFIX,
+        .get = security_get,
+        .set = security_set,
+        .del = security_del,
+        .list = security_list,
+};
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/xattr_trusted.c b/fs/reiserfs/xattr_trusted.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..43762197fb0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/xattr_trusted.c
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+#include <linux/reiserfs_fs.h>
+#include <linux/errno.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/pagemap.h>
+#include <linux/xattr.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_xattr.h>
+#include <asm/uaccess.h>
+
+#define XATTR_TRUSTED_PREFIX "trusted."
+
+static int
+trusted_get (struct inode *inode, const char *name, void *buffer, size_t size)
+{
+    if (strlen(name) < sizeof(XATTR_TRUSTED_PREFIX))
+        return -EINVAL;
+
+    if (!reiserfs_xattrs (inode->i_sb))
+        return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+
+    if (!(capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN) || is_reiserfs_priv_object(inode)))
+        return -EPERM;
+
+    return reiserfs_xattr_get (inode, name, buffer, size);
+}
+
+static int
+trusted_set (struct inode *inode, const char *name, const void *buffer,
+          size_t size, int flags)
+{
+    if (strlen(name) < sizeof(XATTR_TRUSTED_PREFIX))
+        return -EINVAL;
+
+    if (!reiserfs_xattrs (inode->i_sb))
+        return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+
+    if (!(capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN) || is_reiserfs_priv_object(inode)))
+        return -EPERM;
+
+    return reiserfs_xattr_set (inode, name, buffer, size, flags);
+}
+
+static int
+trusted_del (struct inode *inode, const char *name)
+{
+    if (strlen(name) < sizeof(XATTR_TRUSTED_PREFIX))
+        return -EINVAL;
+
+    if (!reiserfs_xattrs (inode->i_sb))
+        return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+
+    if (!(capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN) || is_reiserfs_priv_object(inode)))
+        return -EPERM;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+trusted_list (struct inode *inode, const char *name, int namelen, char *out)
+{
+    int len = namelen;
+
+    if (!reiserfs_xattrs (inode->i_sb))
+        return 0;
+
+    if (!(capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN) || is_reiserfs_priv_object(inode)))
+        return 0;
+
+    if (out)
+        memcpy (out, name, len);
+
+    return len;
+}
+
+
+struct reiserfs_xattr_handler trusted_handler = {
+        .prefix = XATTR_TRUSTED_PREFIX,
+        .get = trusted_get,
+        .set = trusted_set,
+        .del = trusted_del,
+        .list = trusted_list,
+};
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/xattr_user.c b/fs/reiserfs/xattr_user.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..0772806466a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/xattr_user.c
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+#include <linux/reiserfs_fs.h>
+#include <linux/errno.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/pagemap.h>
+#include <linux/xattr.h>
+#include <linux/reiserfs_xattr.h>
+#include <asm/uaccess.h>
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_FS_POSIX_ACL
+# include <linux/reiserfs_acl.h>
+#endif
+
+#define XATTR_USER_PREFIX "user."
+
+static int
+user_get (struct inode *inode, const char *name, void *buffer, size_t size)
+{
+
+    int error;
+
+    if (strlen(name) < sizeof(XATTR_USER_PREFIX))
+        return -EINVAL;
+
+    if (!reiserfs_xattrs_user (inode->i_sb))
+        return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+
+    error = reiserfs_permission_locked (inode, MAY_READ, NULL);
+    if (error)
+        return error;
+
+    return reiserfs_xattr_get (inode, name, buffer, size);
+}
+
+static int
+user_set (struct inode *inode, const char *name, const void *buffer,
+          size_t size, int flags)
+{
+
+    int error;
+
+    if (strlen(name) < sizeof(XATTR_USER_PREFIX))
+        return -EINVAL;
+
+    if (!reiserfs_xattrs_user (inode->i_sb))
+        return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+
+    if (!S_ISREG (inode->i_mode) &&
+        (!S_ISDIR (inode->i_mode) || inode->i_mode & S_ISVTX))
+        return -EPERM;
+
+    error = reiserfs_permission_locked (inode, MAY_WRITE, NULL);
+    if (error)
+        return error;
+
+    return reiserfs_xattr_set (inode, name, buffer, size, flags);
+}
+
+static int
+user_del (struct inode *inode, const char *name)
+{
+    int error;
+
+    if (strlen(name) < sizeof(XATTR_USER_PREFIX))
+        return -EINVAL;
+
+    if (!reiserfs_xattrs_user (inode->i_sb))
+        return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+
+    if (!S_ISREG (inode->i_mode) &&
+        (!S_ISDIR (inode->i_mode) || inode->i_mode & S_ISVTX))
+        return -EPERM;
+
+    error = reiserfs_permission_locked (inode, MAY_WRITE, NULL);
+    if (error)
+        return error;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+user_list (struct inode *inode, const char *name, int namelen, char *out)
+{
+    int len = namelen;
+    if (!reiserfs_xattrs_user (inode->i_sb))
+        return 0;
+
+    if (out)
+        memcpy (out, name, len);
+
+    return len;
+}
+
+struct reiserfs_xattr_handler user_handler = {
+        .prefix = XATTR_USER_PREFIX,
+        .get = user_get,
+        .set = user_set,
+        .del = user_del,
+        .list = user_list,
+};