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-rw-r--r--Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-class-regulator136
-rw-r--r--Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-devices-memory51
-rw-r--r--Documentation/DMA-mapping.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/DocBook/Makefile2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/DocBook/networking.tmpl8
-rw-r--r--Documentation/DocBook/regulator.tmpl304
-rw-r--r--Documentation/DocBook/uio-howto.tmpl101
-rw-r--r--Documentation/PCI/pci.txt3
-rw-r--r--Documentation/RCU/00-INDEX2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/RCU/rcubarrier.txt304
-rw-r--r--Documentation/bad_memory.txt45
-rw-r--r--Documentation/blackfin/00-INDEX3
-rw-r--r--Documentation/blackfin/bfin-gpio-notes.txt71
-rw-r--r--Documentation/cgroups/cgroups.txt9
-rw-r--r--Documentation/controllers/memcg_test.txt342
-rw-r--r--Documentation/controllers/memory.txt135
-rw-r--r--Documentation/dell_rbu.txt4
-rw-r--r--Documentation/development-process/4.Coding6
-rw-r--r--Documentation/feature-removal-schedule.txt20
-rw-r--r--Documentation/filesystems/Locking2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/filesystems/ext4.txt85
-rw-r--r--Documentation/filesystems/ocfs2.txt3
-rw-r--r--Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt27
-rw-r--r--Documentation/hwmon/abituguru-datasheet10
-rw-r--r--Documentation/hwmon/adt747019
-rw-r--r--Documentation/hwmon/f71882fg89
-rw-r--r--Documentation/hwmon/it8720
-rw-r--r--Documentation/hwmon/lm7012
-rw-r--r--Documentation/hwmon/lm852
-rw-r--r--Documentation/hwmon/ltc424581
-rw-r--r--Documentation/ide/warm-plug-howto.txt5
-rw-r--r--Documentation/input/walkera0701.txt109
-rw-r--r--Documentation/ioctl/ioctl-number.txt8
-rw-r--r--Documentation/kbuild/kbuild.txt7
-rw-r--r--Documentation/kbuild/modules.txt4
-rw-r--r--Documentation/kernel-doc-nano-HOWTO.txt34
-rw-r--r--Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt72
-rw-r--r--Documentation/kobject.txt4
-rw-r--r--Documentation/kprobes.txt5
-rw-r--r--Documentation/laptops/thinkpad-acpi.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/magic-number.txt6
-rw-r--r--Documentation/memory-hotplug.txt16
-rw-r--r--Documentation/mips/AU1xxx_IDE.README2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/networking/rxrpc.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/networking/tuntap.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/powerpc/cpu_features.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/fsl/board.txt32
-rw-r--r--Documentation/s390/Debugging390.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/s390/cds.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/s390/s390dbf.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/scsi/ChangeLog.lpfc2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/scsi/ChangeLog.ncr53c8xx2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/scsi/ChangeLog.sym53c8xx2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/scsi/scsi_fc_transport.txt4
-rw-r--r--Documentation/spi/spi-lm70llp10
-rw-r--r--Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt3
-rw-r--r--Documentation/usb/power-management.txt22
-rw-r--r--Documentation/vm/unevictable-lru.txt63
-rw-r--r--Documentation/w1/masters/00-INDEX2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/w1/masters/mxc-w111
-rw-r--r--Documentation/w1/w1.netlink164
-rw-r--r--Documentation/wimax/README.i2400m260
-rw-r--r--Documentation/wimax/README.wimax81
-rw-r--r--Documentation/x86/zero-page.txt2
64 files changed, 2568 insertions, 276 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-class-regulator b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-class-regulator
index 3731f6f29bcb..873ef1fc1569 100644
--- a/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-class-regulator
+++ b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-class-regulator
@@ -3,8 +3,9 @@ Date: April 2008
3KernelVersion: 2.6.26 3KernelVersion: 2.6.26
4Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> 4Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk>
5Description: 5Description:
6 Each regulator directory will contain a field called 6 Some regulator directories will contain a field called
7 state. This holds the regulator output state. 7 state. This reports the regulator enable status, for
8 regulators which can report that value.
8 9
9 This will be one of the following strings: 10 This will be one of the following strings:
10 11
@@ -18,7 +19,8 @@ Description:
18 'disabled' means the regulator output is OFF and is not 19 'disabled' means the regulator output is OFF and is not
19 supplying power to the system.. 20 supplying power to the system..
20 21
21 'unknown' means software cannot determine the state. 22 'unknown' means software cannot determine the state, or
23 the reported state is invalid.
22 24
23 NOTE: this field can be used in conjunction with microvolts 25 NOTE: this field can be used in conjunction with microvolts
24 and microamps to determine regulator output levels. 26 and microamps to determine regulator output levels.
@@ -53,9 +55,10 @@ Date: April 2008
53KernelVersion: 2.6.26 55KernelVersion: 2.6.26
54Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> 56Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk>
55Description: 57Description:
56 Each regulator directory will contain a field called 58 Some regulator directories will contain a field called
57 microvolts. This holds the regulator output voltage setting 59 microvolts. This holds the regulator output voltage setting
58 measured in microvolts (i.e. E-6 Volts). 60 measured in microvolts (i.e. E-6 Volts), for regulators
61 which can report that voltage.
59 62
60 NOTE: This value should not be used to determine the regulator 63 NOTE: This value should not be used to determine the regulator
61 output voltage level as this value is the same regardless of 64 output voltage level as this value is the same regardless of
@@ -67,9 +70,10 @@ Date: April 2008
67KernelVersion: 2.6.26 70KernelVersion: 2.6.26
68Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> 71Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk>
69Description: 72Description:
70 Each regulator directory will contain a field called 73 Some regulator directories will contain a field called
71 microamps. This holds the regulator output current limit 74 microamps. This holds the regulator output current limit
72 setting measured in microamps (i.e. E-6 Amps). 75 setting measured in microamps (i.e. E-6 Amps), for regulators
76 which can report that current.
73 77
74 NOTE: This value should not be used to determine the regulator 78 NOTE: This value should not be used to determine the regulator
75 output current level as this value is the same regardless of 79 output current level as this value is the same regardless of
@@ -81,8 +85,9 @@ Date: April 2008
81KernelVersion: 2.6.26 85KernelVersion: 2.6.26
82Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> 86Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk>
83Description: 87Description:
84 Each regulator directory will contain a field called 88 Some regulator directories will contain a field called
85 opmode. This holds the regulator operating mode setting. 89 opmode. This holds the current regulator operating mode,
90 for regulators which can report it.
86 91
87 The opmode value can be one of the following strings: 92 The opmode value can be one of the following strings:
88 93
@@ -92,7 +97,7 @@ Description:
92 'standby' 97 'standby'
93 'unknown' 98 'unknown'
94 99
95 The modes are described in include/linux/regulator/regulator.h 100 The modes are described in include/linux/regulator/consumer.h
96 101
97 NOTE: This value should not be used to determine the regulator 102 NOTE: This value should not be used to determine the regulator
98 output operating mode as this value is the same regardless of 103 output operating mode as this value is the same regardless of
@@ -104,9 +109,10 @@ Date: April 2008
104KernelVersion: 2.6.26 109KernelVersion: 2.6.26
105Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> 110Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk>
106Description: 111Description:
107 Each regulator directory will contain a field called 112 Some regulator directories will contain a field called
108 min_microvolts. This holds the minimum safe working regulator 113 min_microvolts. This holds the minimum safe working regulator
109 output voltage setting for this domain measured in microvolts. 114 output voltage setting for this domain measured in microvolts,
115 for regulators which support voltage constraints.
110 116
111 NOTE: this will return the string 'constraint not defined' if 117 NOTE: this will return the string 'constraint not defined' if
112 the power domain has no min microvolts constraint defined by 118 the power domain has no min microvolts constraint defined by
@@ -118,9 +124,10 @@ Date: April 2008
118KernelVersion: 2.6.26 124KernelVersion: 2.6.26
119Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> 125Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk>
120Description: 126Description:
121 Each regulator directory will contain a field called 127 Some regulator directories will contain a field called
122 max_microvolts. This holds the maximum safe working regulator 128 max_microvolts. This holds the maximum safe working regulator
123 output voltage setting for this domain measured in microvolts. 129 output voltage setting for this domain measured in microvolts,
130 for regulators which support voltage constraints.
124 131
125 NOTE: this will return the string 'constraint not defined' if 132 NOTE: this will return the string 'constraint not defined' if
126 the power domain has no max microvolts constraint defined by 133 the power domain has no max microvolts constraint defined by
@@ -132,10 +139,10 @@ Date: April 2008
132KernelVersion: 2.6.26 139KernelVersion: 2.6.26
133Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> 140Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk>
134Description: 141Description:
135 Each regulator directory will contain a field called 142 Some regulator directories will contain a field called
136 min_microamps. This holds the minimum safe working regulator 143 min_microamps. This holds the minimum safe working regulator
137 output current limit setting for this domain measured in 144 output current limit setting for this domain measured in
138 microamps. 145 microamps, for regulators which support current constraints.
139 146
140 NOTE: this will return the string 'constraint not defined' if 147 NOTE: this will return the string 'constraint not defined' if
141 the power domain has no min microamps constraint defined by 148 the power domain has no min microamps constraint defined by
@@ -147,10 +154,10 @@ Date: April 2008
147KernelVersion: 2.6.26 154KernelVersion: 2.6.26
148Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> 155Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk>
149Description: 156Description:
150 Each regulator directory will contain a field called 157 Some regulator directories will contain a field called
151 max_microamps. This holds the maximum safe working regulator 158 max_microamps. This holds the maximum safe working regulator
152 output current limit setting for this domain measured in 159 output current limit setting for this domain measured in
153 microamps. 160 microamps, for regulators which support current constraints.
154 161
155 NOTE: this will return the string 'constraint not defined' if 162 NOTE: this will return the string 'constraint not defined' if
156 the power domain has no max microamps constraint defined by 163 the power domain has no max microamps constraint defined by
@@ -185,7 +192,7 @@ Date: April 2008
185KernelVersion: 2.6.26 192KernelVersion: 2.6.26
186Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> 193Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk>
187Description: 194Description:
188 Each regulator directory will contain a field called 195 Some regulator directories will contain a field called
189 requested_microamps. This holds the total requested load 196 requested_microamps. This holds the total requested load
190 current in microamps for this regulator from all its consumer 197 current in microamps for this regulator from all its consumer
191 devices. 198 devices.
@@ -204,125 +211,102 @@ Date: May 2008
204KernelVersion: 2.6.26 211KernelVersion: 2.6.26
205Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> 212Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk>
206Description: 213Description:
207 Each regulator directory will contain a field called 214 Some regulator directories will contain a field called
208 suspend_mem_microvolts. This holds the regulator output 215 suspend_mem_microvolts. This holds the regulator output
209 voltage setting for this domain measured in microvolts when 216 voltage setting for this domain measured in microvolts when
210 the system is suspended to memory. 217 the system is suspended to memory, for voltage regulators
211 218 implementing suspend voltage configuration constraints.
212 NOTE: this will return the string 'not defined' if
213 the power domain has no suspend to memory voltage defined by
214 platform code.
215 219
216What: /sys/class/regulator/.../suspend_disk_microvolts 220What: /sys/class/regulator/.../suspend_disk_microvolts
217Date: May 2008 221Date: May 2008
218KernelVersion: 2.6.26 222KernelVersion: 2.6.26
219Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> 223Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk>
220Description: 224Description:
221 Each regulator directory will contain a field called 225 Some regulator directories will contain a field called
222 suspend_disk_microvolts. This holds the regulator output 226 suspend_disk_microvolts. This holds the regulator output
223 voltage setting for this domain measured in microvolts when 227 voltage setting for this domain measured in microvolts when
224 the system is suspended to disk. 228 the system is suspended to disk, for voltage regulators
225 229 implementing suspend voltage configuration constraints.
226 NOTE: this will return the string 'not defined' if
227 the power domain has no suspend to disk voltage defined by
228 platform code.
229 230
230What: /sys/class/regulator/.../suspend_standby_microvolts 231What: /sys/class/regulator/.../suspend_standby_microvolts
231Date: May 2008 232Date: May 2008
232KernelVersion: 2.6.26 233KernelVersion: 2.6.26
233Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> 234Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk>
234Description: 235Description:
235 Each regulator directory will contain a field called 236 Some regulator directories will contain a field called
236 suspend_standby_microvolts. This holds the regulator output 237 suspend_standby_microvolts. This holds the regulator output
237 voltage setting for this domain measured in microvolts when 238 voltage setting for this domain measured in microvolts when
238 the system is suspended to standby. 239 the system is suspended to standby, for voltage regulators
239 240 implementing suspend voltage configuration constraints.
240 NOTE: this will return the string 'not defined' if
241 the power domain has no suspend to standby voltage defined by
242 platform code.
243 241
244What: /sys/class/regulator/.../suspend_mem_mode 242What: /sys/class/regulator/.../suspend_mem_mode
245Date: May 2008 243Date: May 2008
246KernelVersion: 2.6.26 244KernelVersion: 2.6.26
247Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> 245Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk>
248Description: 246Description:
249 Each regulator directory will contain a field called 247 Some regulator directories will contain a field called
250 suspend_mem_mode. This holds the regulator operating mode 248 suspend_mem_mode. This holds the regulator operating mode
251 setting for this domain when the system is suspended to 249 setting for this domain when the system is suspended to
252 memory. 250 memory, for regulators implementing suspend mode
253 251 configuration constraints.
254 NOTE: this will return the string 'not defined' if
255 the power domain has no suspend to memory mode defined by
256 platform code.
257 252
258What: /sys/class/regulator/.../suspend_disk_mode 253What: /sys/class/regulator/.../suspend_disk_mode
259Date: May 2008 254Date: May 2008
260KernelVersion: 2.6.26 255KernelVersion: 2.6.26
261Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> 256Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk>
262Description: 257Description:
263 Each regulator directory will contain a field called 258 Some regulator directories will contain a field called
264 suspend_disk_mode. This holds the regulator operating mode 259 suspend_disk_mode. This holds the regulator operating mode
265 setting for this domain when the system is suspended to disk. 260 setting for this domain when the system is suspended to disk,
266 261 for regulators implementing suspend mode configuration
267 NOTE: this will return the string 'not defined' if 262 constraints.
268 the power domain has no suspend to disk mode defined by
269 platform code.
270 263
271What: /sys/class/regulator/.../suspend_standby_mode 264What: /sys/class/regulator/.../suspend_standby_mode
272Date: May 2008 265Date: May 2008
273KernelVersion: 2.6.26 266KernelVersion: 2.6.26
274Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> 267Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk>
275Description: 268Description:
276 Each regulator directory will contain a field called 269 Some regulator directories will contain a field called
277 suspend_standby_mode. This holds the regulator operating mode 270 suspend_standby_mode. This holds the regulator operating mode
278 setting for this domain when the system is suspended to 271 setting for this domain when the system is suspended to
279 standby. 272 standby, for regulators implementing suspend mode
280 273 configuration constraints.
281 NOTE: this will return the string 'not defined' if
282 the power domain has no suspend to standby mode defined by
283 platform code.
284 274
285What: /sys/class/regulator/.../suspend_mem_state 275What: /sys/class/regulator/.../suspend_mem_state
286Date: May 2008 276Date: May 2008
287KernelVersion: 2.6.26 277KernelVersion: 2.6.26
288Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> 278Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk>
289Description: 279Description:
290 Each regulator directory will contain a field called 280 Some regulator directories will contain a field called
291 suspend_mem_state. This holds the regulator operating state 281 suspend_mem_state. This holds the regulator operating state
292 when suspended to memory. 282 when suspended to memory, for regulators implementing suspend
293 283 configuration constraints.
294 This will be one of the following strings:
295 284
296 'enabled' 285 This will be one of the same strings reported by
297 'disabled' 286 the "state" attribute.
298 'not defined'
299 287
300What: /sys/class/regulator/.../suspend_disk_state 288What: /sys/class/regulator/.../suspend_disk_state
301Date: May 2008 289Date: May 2008
302KernelVersion: 2.6.26 290KernelVersion: 2.6.26
303Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> 291Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk>
304Description: 292Description:
305 Each regulator directory will contain a field called 293 Some regulator directories will contain a field called
306 suspend_disk_state. This holds the regulator operating state 294 suspend_disk_state. This holds the regulator operating state
307 when suspended to disk. 295 when suspended to disk, for regulators implementing
308 296 suspend configuration constraints.
309 This will be one of the following strings:
310 297
311 'enabled' 298 This will be one of the same strings reported by
312 'disabled' 299 the "state" attribute.
313 'not defined'
314 300
315What: /sys/class/regulator/.../suspend_standby_state 301What: /sys/class/regulator/.../suspend_standby_state
316Date: May 2008 302Date: May 2008
317KernelVersion: 2.6.26 303KernelVersion: 2.6.26
318Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> 304Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk>
319Description: 305Description:
320 Each regulator directory will contain a field called 306 Some regulator directories will contain a field called
321 suspend_standby_state. This holds the regulator operating 307 suspend_standby_state. This holds the regulator operating
322 state when suspended to standby. 308 state when suspended to standby, for regulators implementing
323 309 suspend configuration constraints.
324 This will be one of the following strings:
325 310
326 'enabled' 311 This will be one of the same strings reported by
327 'disabled' 312 the "state" attribute.
328 'not defined'
diff --git a/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-devices-memory b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-devices-memory
index 7a16fe1e2270..9fe91c02ee40 100644
--- a/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-devices-memory
+++ b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-devices-memory
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ Description:
6 internal state of the kernel memory blocks. Files could be 6 internal state of the kernel memory blocks. Files could be
7 added or removed dynamically to represent hot-add/remove 7 added or removed dynamically to represent hot-add/remove
8 operations. 8 operations.
9
10Users: hotplug memory add/remove tools 9Users: hotplug memory add/remove tools
11 https://w3.opensource.ibm.com/projects/powerpc-utils/ 10 https://w3.opensource.ibm.com/projects/powerpc-utils/
12 11
@@ -19,6 +18,56 @@ Description:
19 This is useful for a user-level agent to determine 18 This is useful for a user-level agent to determine
20 identify removable sections of the memory before attempting 19 identify removable sections of the memory before attempting
21 potentially expensive hot-remove memory operation 20 potentially expensive hot-remove memory operation
21Users: hotplug memory remove tools
22 https://w3.opensource.ibm.com/projects/powerpc-utils/
23
24What: /sys/devices/system/memory/memoryX/phys_device
25Date: September 2008
26Contact: Badari Pulavarty <pbadari@us.ibm.com>
27Description:
28 The file /sys/devices/system/memory/memoryX/phys_device
29 is read-only and is designed to show the name of physical
30 memory device. Implementation is currently incomplete.
22 31
32What: /sys/devices/system/memory/memoryX/phys_index
33Date: September 2008
34Contact: Badari Pulavarty <pbadari@us.ibm.com>
35Description:
36 The file /sys/devices/system/memory/memoryX/phys_index
37 is read-only and contains the section ID in hexadecimal
38 which is equivalent to decimal X contained in the
39 memory section directory name.
40
41What: /sys/devices/system/memory/memoryX/state
42Date: September 2008
43Contact: Badari Pulavarty <pbadari@us.ibm.com>
44Description:
45 The file /sys/devices/system/memory/memoryX/state
46 is read-write. When read, it's contents show the
47 online/offline state of the memory section. When written,
48 root can toggle the the online/offline state of a removable
49 memory section (see removable file description above)
50 using the following commands.
51 # echo online > /sys/devices/system/memory/memoryX/state
52 # echo offline > /sys/devices/system/memory/memoryX/state
53
54 For example, if /sys/devices/system/memory/memory22/removable
55 contains a value of 1 and
56 /sys/devices/system/memory/memory22/state contains the
57 string "online" the following command can be executed by
58 by root to offline that section.
59 # echo offline > /sys/devices/system/memory/memory22/state
23Users: hotplug memory remove tools 60Users: hotplug memory remove tools
24 https://w3.opensource.ibm.com/projects/powerpc-utils/ 61 https://w3.opensource.ibm.com/projects/powerpc-utils/
62
63What: /sys/devices/system/node/nodeX/memoryY
64Date: September 2008
65Contact: Gary Hade <garyhade@us.ibm.com>
66Description:
67 When CONFIG_NUMA is enabled
68 /sys/devices/system/node/nodeX/memoryY is a symbolic link that
69 points to the corresponding /sys/devices/system/memory/memoryY
70 memory section directory. For example, the following symbolic
71 link is created for memory section 9 on node0.
72 /sys/devices/system/node/node0/memory9 -> ../../memory/memory9
73
diff --git a/Documentation/DMA-mapping.txt b/Documentation/DMA-mapping.txt
index c74fec8c2351..b2a4d6d244d9 100644
--- a/Documentation/DMA-mapping.txt
+++ b/Documentation/DMA-mapping.txt
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ mapped only for the time they are actually used and unmapped after the DMA
26transfer. 26transfer.
27 27
28The following API will work of course even on platforms where no such 28The following API will work of course even on platforms where no such
29hardware exists, see e.g. include/asm-i386/pci.h for how it is implemented on 29hardware exists, see e.g. arch/x86/include/asm/pci.h for how it is implemented on
30top of the virt_to_bus interface. 30top of the virt_to_bus interface.
31 31
32First of all, you should make sure 32First of all, you should make sure
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/Makefile b/Documentation/DocBook/Makefile
index 0a08126d3094..dc3154e49279 100644
--- a/Documentation/DocBook/Makefile
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/Makefile
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ DOCBOOKS := z8530book.xml mcabook.xml \
12 kernel-api.xml filesystems.xml lsm.xml usb.xml kgdb.xml \ 12 kernel-api.xml filesystems.xml lsm.xml usb.xml kgdb.xml \
13 gadget.xml libata.xml mtdnand.xml librs.xml rapidio.xml \ 13 gadget.xml libata.xml mtdnand.xml librs.xml rapidio.xml \
14 genericirq.xml s390-drivers.xml uio-howto.xml scsi.xml \ 14 genericirq.xml s390-drivers.xml uio-howto.xml scsi.xml \
15 mac80211.xml debugobjects.xml sh.xml 15 mac80211.xml debugobjects.xml sh.xml regulator.xml
16 16
17### 17###
18# The build process is as follows (targets): 18# The build process is as follows (targets):
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/networking.tmpl b/Documentation/DocBook/networking.tmpl
index 627707a3cb9d..59ad69a9d777 100644
--- a/Documentation/DocBook/networking.tmpl
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/networking.tmpl
@@ -74,6 +74,14 @@
74!Enet/sunrpc/rpcb_clnt.c 74!Enet/sunrpc/rpcb_clnt.c
75!Enet/sunrpc/clnt.c 75!Enet/sunrpc/clnt.c
76 </sect1> 76 </sect1>
77 <sect1><title>WiMAX</title>
78!Enet/wimax/op-msg.c
79!Enet/wimax/op-reset.c
80!Enet/wimax/op-rfkill.c
81!Enet/wimax/stack.c
82!Iinclude/net/wimax.h
83!Iinclude/linux/wimax.h
84 </sect1>
77 </chapter> 85 </chapter>
78 86
79 <chapter id="netdev"> 87 <chapter id="netdev">
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/regulator.tmpl b/Documentation/DocBook/regulator.tmpl
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..53f4f8d3b810
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/regulator.tmpl
@@ -0,0 +1,304 @@
1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2<!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.1.2/docbookx.dtd" []>
4
5<book id="regulator-api">
6 <bookinfo>
7 <title>Voltage and current regulator API</title>
8
9 <authorgroup>
10 <author>
11 <firstname>Liam</firstname>
12 <surname>Girdwood</surname>
13 <affiliation>
14 <address>
15 <email>lrg@slimlogic.co.uk</email>
16 </address>
17 </affiliation>
18 </author>
19 <author>
20 <firstname>Mark</firstname>
21 <surname>Brown</surname>
22 <affiliation>
23 <orgname>Wolfson Microelectronics</orgname>
24 <address>
25 <email>broonie@opensource.wolfsonmicro.com</email>
26 </address>
27 </affiliation>
28 </author>
29 </authorgroup>
30
31 <copyright>
32 <year>2007-2008</year>
33 <holder>Wolfson Microelectronics</holder>
34 </copyright>
35 <copyright>
36 <year>2008</year>
37 <holder>Liam Girdwood</holder>
38 </copyright>
39
40 <legalnotice>
41 <para>
42 This documentation is free software; you can redistribute
43 it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public
44 License version 2 as published by the Free Software Foundation.
45 </para>
46
47 <para>
48 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be
49 useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied
50 warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
51 See the GNU General Public License for more details.
52 </para>
53
54 <para>
55 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
56 License along with this program; if not, write to the Free
57 Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston,
58 MA 02111-1307 USA
59 </para>
60
61 <para>
62 For more details see the file COPYING in the source
63 distribution of Linux.
64 </para>
65 </legalnotice>
66 </bookinfo>
67
68<toc></toc>
69
70 <chapter id="intro">
71 <title>Introduction</title>
72 <para>
73 This framework is designed to provide a standard kernel
74 interface to control voltage and current regulators.
75 </para>
76 <para>
77 The intention is to allow systems to dynamically control
78 regulator power output in order to save power and prolong
79 battery life. This applies to both voltage regulators (where
80 voltage output is controllable) and current sinks (where current
81 limit is controllable).
82 </para>
83 <para>
84 Note that additional (and currently more complete) documentation
85 is available in the Linux kernel source under
86 <filename>Documentation/power/regulator</filename>.
87 </para>
88
89 <sect1 id="glossary">
90 <title>Glossary</title>
91 <para>
92 The regulator API uses a number of terms which may not be
93 familiar:
94 </para>
95 <glossary>
96
97 <glossentry>
98 <glossterm>Regulator</glossterm>
99 <glossdef>
100 <para>
101 Electronic device that supplies power to other devices. Most
102 regulators can enable and disable their output and some can also
103 control their output voltage or current.
104 </para>
105 </glossdef>
106 </glossentry>
107
108 <glossentry>
109 <glossterm>Consumer</glossterm>
110 <glossdef>
111 <para>
112 Electronic device which consumes power provided by a regulator.
113 These may either be static, requiring only a fixed supply, or
114 dynamic, requiring active management of the regulator at
115 runtime.
116 </para>
117 </glossdef>
118 </glossentry>
119
120 <glossentry>
121 <glossterm>Power Domain</glossterm>
122 <glossdef>
123 <para>
124 The electronic circuit supplied by a given regulator, including
125 the regulator and all consumer devices. The configuration of
126 the regulator is shared between all the components in the
127 circuit.
128 </para>
129 </glossdef>
130 </glossentry>
131
132 <glossentry>
133 <glossterm>Power Management Integrated Circuit</glossterm>
134 <acronym>PMIC</acronym>
135 <glossdef>
136 <para>
137 An IC which contains numerous regulators and often also other
138 subsystems. In an embedded system the primary PMIC is often
139 equivalent to a combination of the PSU and southbridge in a
140 desktop system.
141 </para>
142 </glossdef>
143 </glossentry>
144 </glossary>
145 </sect1>
146 </chapter>
147
148 <chapter id="consumer">
149 <title>Consumer driver interface</title>
150 <para>
151 This offers a similar API to the kernel clock framework.
152 Consumer drivers use <link
153 linkend='API-regulator-get'>get</link> and <link
154 linkend='API-regulator-put'>put</link> operations to acquire and
155 release regulators. Functions are
156 provided to <link linkend='API-regulator-enable'>enable</link>
157 and <link linkend='API-regulator-disable'>disable</link> the
158 reguator and to get and set the runtime parameters of the
159 regulator.
160 </para>
161 <para>
162 When requesting regulators consumers use symbolic names for their
163 supplies, such as "Vcc", which are mapped into actual regulator
164 devices by the machine interface.
165 </para>
166 <para>
167 A stub version of this API is provided when the regulator
168 framework is not in use in order to minimise the need to use
169 ifdefs.
170 </para>
171
172 <sect1 id="consumer-enable">
173 <title>Enabling and disabling</title>
174 <para>
175 The regulator API provides reference counted enabling and
176 disabling of regulators. Consumer devices use the <function><link
177 linkend='API-regulator-enable'>regulator_enable</link></function>
178 and <function><link
179 linkend='API-regulator-disable'>regulator_disable</link>
180 </function> functions to enable and disable regulators. Calls
181 to the two functions must be balanced.
182 </para>
183 <para>
184 Note that since multiple consumers may be using a regulator and
185 machine constraints may not allow the regulator to be disabled
186 there is no guarantee that calling
187 <function>regulator_disable</function> will actually cause the
188 supply provided by the regulator to be disabled. Consumer
189 drivers should assume that the regulator may be enabled at all
190 times.
191 </para>
192 </sect1>
193
194 <sect1 id="consumer-config">
195 <title>Configuration</title>
196 <para>
197 Some consumer devices may need to be able to dynamically
198 configure their supplies. For example, MMC drivers may need to
199 select the correct operating voltage for their cards. This may
200 be done while the regulator is enabled or disabled.
201 </para>
202 <para>
203 The <function><link
204 linkend='API-regulator-set-voltage'>regulator_set_voltage</link>
205 </function> and <function><link
206 linkend='API-regulator-set-current-limit'
207 >regulator_set_current_limit</link>
208 </function> functions provide the primary interface for this.
209 Both take ranges of voltages and currents, supporting drivers
210 that do not require a specific value (eg, CPU frequency scaling
211 normally permits the CPU to use a wider range of supply
212 voltages at lower frequencies but does not require that the
213 supply voltage be lowered). Where an exact value is required
214 both minimum and maximum values should be identical.
215 </para>
216 </sect1>
217
218 <sect1 id="consumer-callback">
219 <title>Callbacks</title>
220 <para>
221 Callbacks may also be <link
222 linkend='API-regulator-register-notifier'>registered</link>
223 for events such as regulation failures.
224 </para>
225 </sect1>
226 </chapter>
227
228 <chapter id="driver">
229 <title>Regulator driver interface</title>
230 <para>
231 Drivers for regulator chips <link
232 linkend='API-regulator-register'>register</link> the regulators
233 with the regulator core, providing operations structures to the
234 core. A <link
235 linkend='API-regulator-notifier-call-chain'>notifier</link> interface
236 allows error conditions to be reported to the core.
237 </para>
238 <para>
239 Registration should be triggered by explicit setup done by the
240 platform, supplying a <link
241 linkend='API-struct-regulator-init-data'>struct
242 regulator_init_data</link> for the regulator containing
243 <link linkend='machine-constraint'>constraint</link> and
244 <link linkend='machine-supply'>supply</link> information.
245 </para>
246 </chapter>
247
248 <chapter id="machine">
249 <title>Machine interface</title>
250 <para>
251 This interface provides a way to define how regulators are
252 connected to consumers on a given system and what the valid
253 operating parameters are for the system.
254 </para>
255
256 <sect1 id="machine-supply">
257 <title>Supplies</title>
258 <para>
259 Regulator supplies are specified using <link
260 linkend='API-struct-regulator-consumer-supply'>struct
261 regulator_consumer_supply</link>. This is done at
262 <link linkend='driver'>driver registration
263 time</link> as part of the machine constraints.
264 </para>
265 </sect1>
266
267 <sect1 id="machine-constraint">
268 <title>Constraints</title>
269 <para>
270 As well as definining the connections the machine interface
271 also provides constraints definining the operations that
272 clients are allowed to perform and the parameters that may be
273 set. This is required since generally regulator devices will
274 offer more flexibility than it is safe to use on a given
275 system, for example supporting higher supply voltages than the
276 consumers are rated for.
277 </para>
278 <para>
279 This is done at <link linkend='driver'>driver
280 registration time</link> by providing a <link
281 linkend='API-struct-regulation-constraints'>struct
282 regulation_constraints</link>.
283 </para>
284 <para>
285 The constraints may also specify an initial configuration for the
286 regulator in the constraints, which is particularly useful for
287 use with static consumers.
288 </para>
289 </sect1>
290 </chapter>
291
292 <chapter id="api">
293 <title>API reference</title>
294 <para>
295 Due to limitations of the kernel documentation framework and the
296 existing layout of the source code the entire regulator API is
297 documented here.
298 </para>
299!Iinclude/linux/regulator/consumer.h
300!Iinclude/linux/regulator/machine.h
301!Iinclude/linux/regulator/driver.h
302!Edrivers/regulator/core.c
303 </chapter>
304</book>
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/uio-howto.tmpl b/Documentation/DocBook/uio-howto.tmpl
index df87d1b93605..b787e4721c90 100644
--- a/Documentation/DocBook/uio-howto.tmpl
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/uio-howto.tmpl
@@ -42,6 +42,12 @@ GPL version 2.
42 42
43<revhistory> 43<revhistory>
44 <revision> 44 <revision>
45 <revnumber>0.6</revnumber>
46 <date>2008-12-05</date>
47 <authorinitials>hjk</authorinitials>
48 <revremark>Added description of portio sysfs attributes.</revremark>
49 </revision>
50 <revision>
45 <revnumber>0.5</revnumber> 51 <revnumber>0.5</revnumber>
46 <date>2008-05-22</date> 52 <date>2008-05-22</date>
47 <authorinitials>hjk</authorinitials> 53 <authorinitials>hjk</authorinitials>
@@ -318,6 +324,54 @@ interested in translating it, please email me
318offset = N * getpagesize(); 324offset = N * getpagesize();
319</programlisting> 325</programlisting>
320 326
327<para>
328 Sometimes there is hardware with memory-like regions that can not be
329 mapped with the technique described here, but there are still ways to
330 access them from userspace. The most common example are x86 ioports.
331 On x86 systems, userspace can access these ioports using
332 <function>ioperm()</function>, <function>iopl()</function>,
333 <function>inb()</function>, <function>outb()</function>, and similar
334 functions.
335</para>
336<para>
337 Since these ioport regions can not be mapped, they will not appear under
338 <filename>/sys/class/uio/uioX/maps/</filename> like the normal memory
339 described above. Without information about the port regions a hardware
340 has to offer, it becomes difficult for the userspace part of the
341 driver to find out which ports belong to which UIO device.
342</para>
343<para>
344 To address this situation, the new directory
345 <filename>/sys/class/uio/uioX/portio/</filename> was added. It only
346 exists if the driver wants to pass information about one or more port
347 regions to userspace. If that is the case, subdirectories named
348 <filename>port0</filename>, <filename>port1</filename>, and so on,
349 will appear underneath
350 <filename>/sys/class/uio/uioX/portio/</filename>.
351</para>
352<para>
353 Each <filename>portX/</filename> directory contains three read-only
354 files that show start, size, and type of the port region:
355</para>
356<itemizedlist>
357<listitem>
358 <para>
359 <filename>start</filename>: The first port of this region.
360 </para>
361</listitem>
362<listitem>
363 <para>
364 <filename>size</filename>: The number of ports in this region.
365 </para>
366</listitem>
367<listitem>
368 <para>
369 <filename>porttype</filename>: A string describing the type of port.
370 </para>
371</listitem>
372</itemizedlist>
373
374
321</sect1> 375</sect1>
322</chapter> 376</chapter>
323 377
@@ -339,12 +393,12 @@ offset = N * getpagesize();
339 393
340<itemizedlist> 394<itemizedlist>
341<listitem><para> 395<listitem><para>
342<varname>char *name</varname>: Required. The name of your driver as 396<varname>const char *name</varname>: Required. The name of your driver as
343it will appear in sysfs. I recommend using the name of your module for this. 397it will appear in sysfs. I recommend using the name of your module for this.
344</para></listitem> 398</para></listitem>
345 399
346<listitem><para> 400<listitem><para>
347<varname>char *version</varname>: Required. This string appears in 401<varname>const char *version</varname>: Required. This string appears in
348<filename>/sys/class/uio/uioX/version</filename>. 402<filename>/sys/class/uio/uioX/version</filename>.
349</para></listitem> 403</para></listitem>
350 404
@@ -356,6 +410,13 @@ See the description below for details.
356</para></listitem> 410</para></listitem>
357 411
358<listitem><para> 412<listitem><para>
413<varname>struct uio_port port[ MAX_UIO_PORTS_REGIONS ]</varname>: Required
414if you want to pass information about ioports to userspace. For each port
415region you need to fill one of the <varname>uio_port</varname> structures.
416See the description below for details.
417</para></listitem>
418
419<listitem><para>
359<varname>long irq</varname>: Required. If your hardware generates an 420<varname>long irq</varname>: Required. If your hardware generates an
360interrupt, it's your modules task to determine the irq number during 421interrupt, it's your modules task to determine the irq number during
361initialization. If you don't have a hardware generated interrupt but 422initialization. If you don't have a hardware generated interrupt but
@@ -448,6 +509,42 @@ Please do not touch the <varname>kobj</varname> element of
448<varname>struct uio_mem</varname>! It is used by the UIO framework 509<varname>struct uio_mem</varname>! It is used by the UIO framework
449to set up sysfs files for this mapping. Simply leave it alone. 510to set up sysfs files for this mapping. Simply leave it alone.
450</para> 511</para>
512
513<para>
514Sometimes, your device can have one or more port regions which can not be
515mapped to userspace. But if there are other possibilities for userspace to
516access these ports, it makes sense to make information about the ports
517available in sysfs. For each region, you have to set up a
518<varname>struct uio_port</varname> in the <varname>port[]</varname> array.
519Here's a description of the fields of <varname>struct uio_port</varname>:
520</para>
521
522<itemizedlist>
523<listitem><para>
524<varname>char *porttype</varname>: Required. Set this to one of the predefined
525constants. Use <varname>UIO_PORT_X86</varname> for the ioports found in x86
526architectures.
527</para></listitem>
528
529<listitem><para>
530<varname>unsigned long start</varname>: Required if the port region is used.
531Fill in the number of the first port of this region.
532</para></listitem>
533
534<listitem><para>
535<varname>unsigned long size</varname>: Fill in the number of ports in this
536region. If <varname>size</varname> is zero, the region is considered unused.
537Note that you <emphasis>must</emphasis> initialize <varname>size</varname>
538with zero for all unused regions.
539</para></listitem>
540</itemizedlist>
541
542<para>
543Please do not touch the <varname>portio</varname> element of
544<varname>struct uio_port</varname>! It is used internally by the UIO
545framework to set up sysfs files for this region. Simply leave it alone.
546</para>
547
451</sect1> 548</sect1>
452 549
453<sect1 id="adding_irq_handler"> 550<sect1 id="adding_irq_handler">
diff --git a/Documentation/PCI/pci.txt b/Documentation/PCI/pci.txt
index fd4907a2968c..7f6de6ea5b47 100644
--- a/Documentation/PCI/pci.txt
+++ b/Documentation/PCI/pci.txt
@@ -294,7 +294,8 @@ NOTE: pci_enable_device() can fail! Check the return value.
294 294
295pci_set_master() will enable DMA by setting the bus master bit 295pci_set_master() will enable DMA by setting the bus master bit
296in the PCI_COMMAND register. It also fixes the latency timer value if 296in the PCI_COMMAND register. It also fixes the latency timer value if
297it's set to something bogus by the BIOS. 297it's set to something bogus by the BIOS. pci_clear_master() will
298disable DMA by clearing the bus master bit.
298 299
299If the PCI device can use the PCI Memory-Write-Invalidate transaction, 300If the PCI device can use the PCI Memory-Write-Invalidate transaction,
300call pci_set_mwi(). This enables the PCI_COMMAND bit for Mem-Wr-Inval 301call pci_set_mwi(). This enables the PCI_COMMAND bit for Mem-Wr-Inval
diff --git a/Documentation/RCU/00-INDEX b/Documentation/RCU/00-INDEX
index 7dc0695a8f90..9bb62f7b89c3 100644
--- a/Documentation/RCU/00-INDEX
+++ b/Documentation/RCU/00-INDEX
@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ rcuref.txt
12 - Reference-count design for elements of lists/arrays protected by RCU 12 - Reference-count design for elements of lists/arrays protected by RCU
13rcu.txt 13rcu.txt
14 - RCU Concepts 14 - RCU Concepts
15rcubarrier.txt
16 - Unloading modules that use RCU callbacks
15RTFP.txt 17RTFP.txt
16 - List of RCU papers (bibliography) going back to 1980. 18 - List of RCU papers (bibliography) going back to 1980.
17torture.txt 19torture.txt
diff --git a/Documentation/RCU/rcubarrier.txt b/Documentation/RCU/rcubarrier.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..909602d409bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RCU/rcubarrier.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,304 @@
1RCU and Unloadable Modules
2
3[Originally published in LWN Jan. 14, 2007: http://lwn.net/Articles/217484/]
4
5RCU (read-copy update) is a synchronization mechanism that can be thought
6of as a replacement for read-writer locking (among other things), but with
7very low-overhead readers that are immune to deadlock, priority inversion,
8and unbounded latency. RCU read-side critical sections are delimited
9by rcu_read_lock() and rcu_read_unlock(), which, in non-CONFIG_PREEMPT
10kernels, generate no code whatsoever.
11
12This means that RCU writers are unaware of the presence of concurrent
13readers, so that RCU updates to shared data must be undertaken quite
14carefully, leaving an old version of the data structure in place until all
15pre-existing readers have finished. These old versions are needed because
16such readers might hold a reference to them. RCU updates can therefore be
17rather expensive, and RCU is thus best suited for read-mostly situations.
18
19How can an RCU writer possibly determine when all readers are finished,
20given that readers might well leave absolutely no trace of their
21presence? There is a synchronize_rcu() primitive that blocks until all
22pre-existing readers have completed. An updater wishing to delete an
23element p from a linked list might do the following, while holding an
24appropriate lock, of course:
25
26 list_del_rcu(p);
27 synchronize_rcu();
28 kfree(p);
29
30But the above code cannot be used in IRQ context -- the call_rcu()
31primitive must be used instead. This primitive takes a pointer to an
32rcu_head struct placed within the RCU-protected data structure and
33another pointer to a function that may be invoked later to free that
34structure. Code to delete an element p from the linked list from IRQ
35context might then be as follows:
36
37 list_del_rcu(p);
38 call_rcu(&p->rcu, p_callback);
39
40Since call_rcu() never blocks, this code can safely be used from within
41IRQ context. The function p_callback() might be defined as follows:
42
43 static void p_callback(struct rcu_head *rp)
44 {
45 struct pstruct *p = container_of(rp, struct pstruct, rcu);
46
47 kfree(p);
48 }
49
50
51Unloading Modules That Use call_rcu()
52
53But what if p_callback is defined in an unloadable module?
54
55If we unload the module while some RCU callbacks are pending,
56the CPUs executing these callbacks are going to be severely
57disappointed when they are later invoked, as fancifully depicted at
58http://lwn.net/images/ns/kernel/rcu-drop.jpg.
59
60We could try placing a synchronize_rcu() in the module-exit code path,
61but this is not sufficient. Although synchronize_rcu() does wait for a
62grace period to elapse, it does not wait for the callbacks to complete.
63
64One might be tempted to try several back-to-back synchronize_rcu()
65calls, but this is still not guaranteed to work. If there is a very
66heavy RCU-callback load, then some of the callbacks might be deferred
67in order to allow other processing to proceed. Such deferral is required
68in realtime kernels in order to avoid excessive scheduling latencies.
69
70
71rcu_barrier()
72
73We instead need the rcu_barrier() primitive. This primitive is similar
74to synchronize_rcu(), but instead of waiting solely for a grace
75period to elapse, it also waits for all outstanding RCU callbacks to
76complete. Pseudo-code using rcu_barrier() is as follows:
77
78 1. Prevent any new RCU callbacks from being posted.
79 2. Execute rcu_barrier().
80 3. Allow the module to be unloaded.
81
82Quick Quiz #1: Why is there no srcu_barrier()?
83
84The rcutorture module makes use of rcu_barrier in its exit function
85as follows:
86
87 1 static void
88 2 rcu_torture_cleanup(void)
89 3 {
90 4 int i;
91 5
92 6 fullstop = 1;
93 7 if (shuffler_task != NULL) {
94 8 VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("Stopping rcu_torture_shuffle task");
95 9 kthread_stop(shuffler_task);
9610 }
9711 shuffler_task = NULL;
9812
9913 if (writer_task != NULL) {
10014 VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("Stopping rcu_torture_writer task");
10115 kthread_stop(writer_task);
10216 }
10317 writer_task = NULL;
10418
10519 if (reader_tasks != NULL) {
10620 for (i = 0; i < nrealreaders; i++) {
10721 if (reader_tasks[i] != NULL) {
10822 VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING(
10923 "Stopping rcu_torture_reader task");
11024 kthread_stop(reader_tasks[i]);
11125 }
11226 reader_tasks[i] = NULL;
11327 }
11428 kfree(reader_tasks);
11529 reader_tasks = NULL;
11630 }
11731 rcu_torture_current = NULL;
11832
11933 if (fakewriter_tasks != NULL) {
12034 for (i = 0; i < nfakewriters; i++) {
12135 if (fakewriter_tasks[i] != NULL) {
12236 VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING(
12337 "Stopping rcu_torture_fakewriter task");
12438 kthread_stop(fakewriter_tasks[i]);
12539 }
12640 fakewriter_tasks[i] = NULL;
12741 }
12842 kfree(fakewriter_tasks);
12943 fakewriter_tasks = NULL;
13044 }
13145
13246 if (stats_task != NULL) {
13347 VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("Stopping rcu_torture_stats task");
13448 kthread_stop(stats_task);
13549 }
13650 stats_task = NULL;
13751
13852 /* Wait for all RCU callbacks to fire. */
13953 rcu_barrier();
14054
14155 rcu_torture_stats_print(); /* -After- the stats thread is stopped! */
14256
14357 if (cur_ops->cleanup != NULL)
14458 cur_ops->cleanup();
14559 if (atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_error))
14660 rcu_torture_print_module_parms("End of test: FAILURE");
14761 else
14862 rcu_torture_print_module_parms("End of test: SUCCESS");
14963 }
150
151Line 6 sets a global variable that prevents any RCU callbacks from
152re-posting themselves. This will not be necessary in most cases, since
153RCU callbacks rarely include calls to call_rcu(). However, the rcutorture
154module is an exception to this rule, and therefore needs to set this
155global variable.
156
157Lines 7-50 stop all the kernel tasks associated with the rcutorture
158module. Therefore, once execution reaches line 53, no more rcutorture
159RCU callbacks will be posted. The rcu_barrier() call on line 53 waits
160for any pre-existing callbacks to complete.
161
162Then lines 55-62 print status and do operation-specific cleanup, and
163then return, permitting the module-unload operation to be completed.
164
165Quick Quiz #2: Is there any other situation where rcu_barrier() might
166 be required?
167
168Your module might have additional complications. For example, if your
169module invokes call_rcu() from timers, you will need to first cancel all
170the timers, and only then invoke rcu_barrier() to wait for any remaining
171RCU callbacks to complete.
172
173
174Implementing rcu_barrier()
175
176Dipankar Sarma's implementation of rcu_barrier() makes use of the fact
177that RCU callbacks are never reordered once queued on one of the per-CPU
178queues. His implementation queues an RCU callback on each of the per-CPU
179callback queues, and then waits until they have all started executing, at
180which point, all earlier RCU callbacks are guaranteed to have completed.
181
182The original code for rcu_barrier() was as follows:
183
184 1 void rcu_barrier(void)
185 2 {
186 3 BUG_ON(in_interrupt());
187 4 /* Take cpucontrol mutex to protect against CPU hotplug */
188 5 mutex_lock(&rcu_barrier_mutex);
189 6 init_completion(&rcu_barrier_completion);
190 7 atomic_set(&rcu_barrier_cpu_count, 0);
191 8 on_each_cpu(rcu_barrier_func, NULL, 0, 1);
192 9 wait_for_completion(&rcu_barrier_completion);
19310 mutex_unlock(&rcu_barrier_mutex);
19411 }
195
196Line 3 verifies that the caller is in process context, and lines 5 and 10
197use rcu_barrier_mutex to ensure that only one rcu_barrier() is using the
198global completion and counters at a time, which are initialized on lines
1996 and 7. Line 8 causes each CPU to invoke rcu_barrier_func(), which is
200shown below. Note that the final "1" in on_each_cpu()'s argument list
201ensures that all the calls to rcu_barrier_func() will have completed
202before on_each_cpu() returns. Line 9 then waits for the completion.
203
204This code was rewritten in 2008 to support rcu_barrier_bh() and
205rcu_barrier_sched() in addition to the original rcu_barrier().
206
207The rcu_barrier_func() runs on each CPU, where it invokes call_rcu()
208to post an RCU callback, as follows:
209
210 1 static void rcu_barrier_func(void *notused)
211 2 {
212 3 int cpu = smp_processor_id();
213 4 struct rcu_data *rdp = &per_cpu(rcu_data, cpu);
214 5 struct rcu_head *head;
215 6
216 7 head = &rdp->barrier;
217 8 atomic_inc(&rcu_barrier_cpu_count);
218 9 call_rcu(head, rcu_barrier_callback);
21910 }
220
221Lines 3 and 4 locate RCU's internal per-CPU rcu_data structure,
222which contains the struct rcu_head that needed for the later call to
223call_rcu(). Line 7 picks up a pointer to this struct rcu_head, and line
2248 increments a global counter. This counter will later be decremented
225by the callback. Line 9 then registers the rcu_barrier_callback() on
226the current CPU's queue.
227
228The rcu_barrier_callback() function simply atomically decrements the
229rcu_barrier_cpu_count variable and finalizes the completion when it
230reaches zero, as follows:
231
232 1 static void rcu_barrier_callback(struct rcu_head *notused)
233 2 {
234 3 if (atomic_dec_and_test(&rcu_barrier_cpu_count))
235 4 complete(&rcu_barrier_completion);
236 5 }
237
238Quick Quiz #3: What happens if CPU 0's rcu_barrier_func() executes
239 immediately (thus incrementing rcu_barrier_cpu_count to the
240 value one), but the other CPU's rcu_barrier_func() invocations
241 are delayed for a full grace period? Couldn't this result in
242 rcu_barrier() returning prematurely?
243
244
245rcu_barrier() Summary
246
247The rcu_barrier() primitive has seen relatively little use, since most
248code using RCU is in the core kernel rather than in modules. However, if
249you are using RCU from an unloadable module, you need to use rcu_barrier()
250so that your module may be safely unloaded.
251
252
253Answers to Quick Quizzes
254
255Quick Quiz #1: Why is there no srcu_barrier()?
256
257Answer: Since there is no call_srcu(), there can be no outstanding SRCU
258 callbacks. Therefore, there is no need to wait for them.
259
260Quick Quiz #2: Is there any other situation where rcu_barrier() might
261 be required?
262
263Answer: Interestingly enough, rcu_barrier() was not originally
264 implemented for module unloading. Nikita Danilov was using
265 RCU in a filesystem, which resulted in a similar situation at
266 filesystem-unmount time. Dipankar Sarma coded up rcu_barrier()
267 in response, so that Nikita could invoke it during the
268 filesystem-unmount process.
269
270 Much later, yours truly hit the RCU module-unload problem when
271 implementing rcutorture, and found that rcu_barrier() solves
272 this problem as well.
273
274Quick Quiz #3: What happens if CPU 0's rcu_barrier_func() executes
275 immediately (thus incrementing rcu_barrier_cpu_count to the
276 value one), but the other CPU's rcu_barrier_func() invocations
277 are delayed for a full grace period? Couldn't this result in
278 rcu_barrier() returning prematurely?
279
280Answer: This cannot happen. The reason is that on_each_cpu() has its last
281 argument, the wait flag, set to "1". This flag is passed through
282 to smp_call_function() and further to smp_call_function_on_cpu(),
283 causing this latter to spin until the cross-CPU invocation of
284 rcu_barrier_func() has completed. This by itself would prevent
285 a grace period from completing on non-CONFIG_PREEMPT kernels,
286 since each CPU must undergo a context switch (or other quiescent
287 state) before the grace period can complete. However, this is
288 of no use in CONFIG_PREEMPT kernels.
289
290 Therefore, on_each_cpu() disables preemption across its call
291 to smp_call_function() and also across the local call to
292 rcu_barrier_func(). This prevents the local CPU from context
293 switching, again preventing grace periods from completing. This
294 means that all CPUs have executed rcu_barrier_func() before
295 the first rcu_barrier_callback() can possibly execute, in turn
296 preventing rcu_barrier_cpu_count from prematurely reaching zero.
297
298 Currently, -rt implementations of RCU keep but a single global
299 queue for RCU callbacks, and thus do not suffer from this
300 problem. However, when the -rt RCU eventually does have per-CPU
301 callback queues, things will have to change. One simple change
302 is to add an rcu_read_lock() before line 8 of rcu_barrier()
303 and an rcu_read_unlock() after line 8 of this same function. If
304 you can think of a better change, please let me know!
diff --git a/Documentation/bad_memory.txt b/Documentation/bad_memory.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..df8416213202
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/bad_memory.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
1March 2008
2Jan-Simon Moeller, dl9pf@gmx.de
3
4
5How to deal with bad memory e.g. reported by memtest86+ ?
6#########################################################
7
8There are three possibilities I know of:
9
101) Reinsert/swap the memory modules
11
122) Buy new modules (best!) or try to exchange the memory
13 if you have spare-parts
14
153) Use BadRAM or memmap
16
17This Howto is about number 3) .
18
19
20BadRAM
21######
22BadRAM is the actively developed and available as kernel-patch
23here: http://rick.vanrein.org/linux/badram/
24
25For more details see the BadRAM documentation.
26
27memmap
28######
29
30memmap is already in the kernel and usable as kernel-parameter at
31boot-time. Its syntax is slightly strange and you may need to
32calculate the values by yourself!
33
34Syntax to exclude a memory area (see kernel-parameters.txt for details):
35memmap=<size>$<address>
36
37Example: memtest86+ reported here errors at address 0x18691458, 0x18698424 and
38 some others. All had 0x1869xxxx in common, so I chose a pattern of
39 0x18690000,0xffff0000.
40
41With the numbers of the example above:
42memmap=64K$0x18690000
43 or
44memmap=0x10000$0x18690000
45
diff --git a/Documentation/blackfin/00-INDEX b/Documentation/blackfin/00-INDEX
index 7cb3b356b249..d6840a91e1e1 100644
--- a/Documentation/blackfin/00-INDEX
+++ b/Documentation/blackfin/00-INDEX
@@ -9,3 +9,6 @@ cachefeatures.txt
9 9
10Filesystems 10Filesystems
11 - Requirements for mounting the root file system. 11 - Requirements for mounting the root file system.
12
13bfin-gpio-note.txt
14 - Notes in developing/using bfin-gpio driver.
diff --git a/Documentation/blackfin/bfin-gpio-notes.txt b/Documentation/blackfin/bfin-gpio-notes.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..9898c7ded7d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/blackfin/bfin-gpio-notes.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
1/*
2 * File: Documentation/blackfin/bfin-gpio-note.txt
3 * Based on:
4 * Author:
5 *
6 * Created: $Id: bfin-gpio-note.txt 2008-11-24 16:42 grafyang $
7 * Description: This file contains the notes in developing/using bfin-gpio.
8 *
9 *
10 * Rev:
11 *
12 * Modified:
13 * Copyright 2004-2008 Analog Devices Inc.
14 *
15 * Bugs: Enter bugs at http://blackfin.uclinux.org/
16 *
17 */
18
19
201. Blackfin GPIO introduction
21
22 There are many GPIO pins on Blackfin. Most of these pins are muxed to
23 multi-functions. They can be configured as peripheral, or just as GPIO,
24 configured to input with interrupt enabled, or output.
25
26 For detailed information, please see "arch/blackfin/kernel/bfin_gpio.c",
27 or the relevant HRM.
28
29
302. Avoiding resource conflict
31
32 Followed function groups are used to avoiding resource conflict,
33 - Use the pin as peripheral,
34 int peripheral_request(unsigned short per, const char *label);
35 int peripheral_request_list(const unsigned short per[], const char *label);
36 void peripheral_free(unsigned short per);
37 void peripheral_free_list(const unsigned short per[]);
38 - Use the pin as GPIO,
39 int bfin_gpio_request(unsigned gpio, const char *label);
40 void bfin_gpio_free(unsigned gpio);
41 - Use the pin as GPIO interrupt,
42 int bfin_gpio_irq_request(unsigned gpio, const char *label);
43 void bfin_gpio_irq_free(unsigned gpio);
44
45 The request functions will record the function state for a certain pin,
46 the free functions will clear it's function state.
47 Once a pin is requested, it can't be requested again before it is freed by
48 previous caller, otherwise kernel will dump stacks, and the request
49 function fail.
50 These functions are wrapped by other functions, most of the users need not
51 care.
52
53
543. But there are some exceptions
55 - Kernel permit the identical GPIO be requested both as GPIO and GPIO
56 interrut.
57 Some drivers, like gpio-keys, need this behavior. Kernel only print out
58 warning messages like,
59 bfin-gpio: GPIO 24 is already reserved by gpio-keys: BTN0, and you are
60configuring it as IRQ!
61
62 Note: Consider the case that, if there are two drivers need the
63 identical GPIO, one of them use it as GPIO, the other use it as
64 GPIO interrupt. This will really cause resource conflict. So if
65 there is any abnormal driver behavior, please check the bfin-gpio
66 warning messages.
67
68 - Kernel permit the identical GPIO be requested from the same driver twice.
69
70
71
diff --git a/Documentation/cgroups/cgroups.txt b/Documentation/cgroups/cgroups.txt
index d9014aa0eb68..e33ee74eee77 100644
--- a/Documentation/cgroups/cgroups.txt
+++ b/Documentation/cgroups/cgroups.txt
@@ -227,7 +227,6 @@ Each cgroup is represented by a directory in the cgroup file system
227containing the following files describing that cgroup: 227containing the following files describing that cgroup:
228 228
229 - tasks: list of tasks (by pid) attached to that cgroup 229 - tasks: list of tasks (by pid) attached to that cgroup
230 - releasable flag: cgroup currently removeable?
231 - notify_on_release flag: run the release agent on exit? 230 - notify_on_release flag: run the release agent on exit?
232 - release_agent: the path to use for release notifications (this file 231 - release_agent: the path to use for release notifications (this file
233 exists in the top cgroup only) 232 exists in the top cgroup only)
@@ -360,7 +359,7 @@ Now you want to do something with this cgroup.
360 359
361In this directory you can find several files: 360In this directory you can find several files:
362# ls 361# ls
363notify_on_release releasable tasks 362notify_on_release tasks
364(plus whatever files added by the attached subsystems) 363(plus whatever files added by the attached subsystems)
365 364
366Now attach your shell to this cgroup: 365Now attach your shell to this cgroup:
@@ -479,7 +478,6 @@ newly-created cgroup if an error occurs after this subsystem's
479create() method has been called for the new cgroup). 478create() method has been called for the new cgroup).
480 479
481void pre_destroy(struct cgroup_subsys *ss, struct cgroup *cgrp); 480void pre_destroy(struct cgroup_subsys *ss, struct cgroup *cgrp);
482(cgroup_mutex held by caller)
483 481
484Called before checking the reference count on each subsystem. This may 482Called before checking the reference count on each subsystem. This may
485be useful for subsystems which have some extra references even if 483be useful for subsystems which have some extra references even if
@@ -498,6 +496,7 @@ remain valid while the caller holds cgroup_mutex.
498 496
499void attach(struct cgroup_subsys *ss, struct cgroup *cgrp, 497void attach(struct cgroup_subsys *ss, struct cgroup *cgrp,
500 struct cgroup *old_cgrp, struct task_struct *task) 498 struct cgroup *old_cgrp, struct task_struct *task)
499(cgroup_mutex held by caller)
501 500
502Called after the task has been attached to the cgroup, to allow any 501Called after the task has been attached to the cgroup, to allow any
503post-attachment activity that requires memory allocations or blocking. 502post-attachment activity that requires memory allocations or blocking.
@@ -511,6 +510,7 @@ void exit(struct cgroup_subsys *ss, struct task_struct *task)
511Called during task exit. 510Called during task exit.
512 511
513int populate(struct cgroup_subsys *ss, struct cgroup *cgrp) 512int populate(struct cgroup_subsys *ss, struct cgroup *cgrp)
513(cgroup_mutex held by caller)
514 514
515Called after creation of a cgroup to allow a subsystem to populate 515Called after creation of a cgroup to allow a subsystem to populate
516the cgroup directory with file entries. The subsystem should make 516the cgroup directory with file entries. The subsystem should make
@@ -520,6 +520,7 @@ method can return an error code, the error code is currently not
520always handled well. 520always handled well.
521 521
522void post_clone(struct cgroup_subsys *ss, struct cgroup *cgrp) 522void post_clone(struct cgroup_subsys *ss, struct cgroup *cgrp)
523(cgroup_mutex held by caller)
523 524
524Called at the end of cgroup_clone() to do any paramater 525Called at the end of cgroup_clone() to do any paramater
525initialization which might be required before a task could attach. For 526initialization which might be required before a task could attach. For
@@ -527,7 +528,7 @@ example in cpusets, no task may attach before 'cpus' and 'mems' are set
527up. 528up.
528 529
529void bind(struct cgroup_subsys *ss, struct cgroup *root) 530void bind(struct cgroup_subsys *ss, struct cgroup *root)
530(cgroup_mutex held by caller) 531(cgroup_mutex and ss->hierarchy_mutex held by caller)
531 532
532Called when a cgroup subsystem is rebound to a different hierarchy 533Called when a cgroup subsystem is rebound to a different hierarchy
533and root cgroup. Currently this will only involve movement between 534and root cgroup. Currently this will only involve movement between
diff --git a/Documentation/controllers/memcg_test.txt b/Documentation/controllers/memcg_test.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..08d4d3ea0d79
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/controllers/memcg_test.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,342 @@
1Memory Resource Controller(Memcg) Implementation Memo.
2Last Updated: 2008/12/15
3Base Kernel Version: based on 2.6.28-rc8-mm.
4
5Because VM is getting complex (one of reasons is memcg...), memcg's behavior
6is complex. This is a document for memcg's internal behavior.
7Please note that implementation details can be changed.
8
9(*) Topics on API should be in Documentation/controllers/memory.txt)
10
110. How to record usage ?
12 2 objects are used.
13
14 page_cgroup ....an object per page.
15 Allocated at boot or memory hotplug. Freed at memory hot removal.
16
17 swap_cgroup ... an entry per swp_entry.
18 Allocated at swapon(). Freed at swapoff().
19
20 The page_cgroup has USED bit and double count against a page_cgroup never
21 occurs. swap_cgroup is used only when a charged page is swapped-out.
22
231. Charge
24
25 a page/swp_entry may be charged (usage += PAGE_SIZE) at
26
27 mem_cgroup_newpage_charge()
28 Called at new page fault and Copy-On-Write.
29
30 mem_cgroup_try_charge_swapin()
31 Called at do_swap_page() (page fault on swap entry) and swapoff.
32 Followed by charge-commit-cancel protocol. (With swap accounting)
33 At commit, a charge recorded in swap_cgroup is removed.
34
35 mem_cgroup_cache_charge()
36 Called at add_to_page_cache()
37
38 mem_cgroup_cache_charge_swapin()
39 Called at shmem's swapin.
40
41 mem_cgroup_prepare_migration()
42 Called before migration. "extra" charge is done and followed by
43 charge-commit-cancel protocol.
44 At commit, charge against oldpage or newpage will be committed.
45
462. Uncharge
47 a page/swp_entry may be uncharged (usage -= PAGE_SIZE) by
48
49 mem_cgroup_uncharge_page()
50 Called when an anonymous page is fully unmapped. I.e., mapcount goes
51 to 0. If the page is SwapCache, uncharge is delayed until
52 mem_cgroup_uncharge_swapcache().
53
54 mem_cgroup_uncharge_cache_page()
55 Called when a page-cache is deleted from radix-tree. If the page is
56 SwapCache, uncharge is delayed until mem_cgroup_uncharge_swapcache().
57
58 mem_cgroup_uncharge_swapcache()
59 Called when SwapCache is removed from radix-tree. The charge itself
60 is moved to swap_cgroup. (If mem+swap controller is disabled, no
61 charge to swap occurs.)
62
63 mem_cgroup_uncharge_swap()
64 Called when swp_entry's refcnt goes down to 0. A charge against swap
65 disappears.
66
67 mem_cgroup_end_migration(old, new)
68 At success of migration old is uncharged (if necessary), a charge
69 to new page is committed. At failure, charge to old page is committed.
70
713. charge-commit-cancel
72 In some case, we can't know this "charge" is valid or not at charging
73 (because of races).
74 To handle such case, there are charge-commit-cancel functions.
75 mem_cgroup_try_charge_XXX
76 mem_cgroup_commit_charge_XXX
77 mem_cgroup_cancel_charge_XXX
78 these are used in swap-in and migration.
79
80 At try_charge(), there are no flags to say "this page is charged".
81 at this point, usage += PAGE_SIZE.
82
83 At commit(), the function checks the page should be charged or not
84 and set flags or avoid charging.(usage -= PAGE_SIZE)
85
86 At cancel(), simply usage -= PAGE_SIZE.
87
88Under below explanation, we assume CONFIG_MEM_RES_CTRL_SWAP=y.
89
904. Anonymous
91 Anonymous page is newly allocated at
92 - page fault into MAP_ANONYMOUS mapping.
93 - Copy-On-Write.
94 It is charged right after it's allocated before doing any page table
95 related operations. Of course, it's uncharged when another page is used
96 for the fault address.
97
98 At freeing anonymous page (by exit() or munmap()), zap_pte() is called
99 and pages for ptes are freed one by one.(see mm/memory.c). Uncharges
100 are done at page_remove_rmap() when page_mapcount() goes down to 0.
101
102 Another page freeing is by page-reclaim (vmscan.c) and anonymous
103 pages are swapped out. In this case, the page is marked as
104 PageSwapCache(). uncharge() routine doesn't uncharge the page marked
105 as SwapCache(). It's delayed until __delete_from_swap_cache().
106
107 4.1 Swap-in.
108 At swap-in, the page is taken from swap-cache. There are 2 cases.
109
110 (a) If the SwapCache is newly allocated and read, it has no charges.
111 (b) If the SwapCache has been mapped by processes, it has been
112 charged already.
113
114 This swap-in is one of the most complicated work. In do_swap_page(),
115 following events occur when pte is unchanged.
116
117 (1) the page (SwapCache) is looked up.
118 (2) lock_page()
119 (3) try_charge_swapin()
120 (4) reuse_swap_page() (may call delete_swap_cache())
121 (5) commit_charge_swapin()
122 (6) swap_free().
123
124 Considering following situation for example.
125
126 (A) The page has not been charged before (2) and reuse_swap_page()
127 doesn't call delete_from_swap_cache().
128 (B) The page has not been charged before (2) and reuse_swap_page()
129 calls delete_from_swap_cache().
130 (C) The page has been charged before (2) and reuse_swap_page() doesn't
131 call delete_from_swap_cache().
132 (D) The page has been charged before (2) and reuse_swap_page() calls
133 delete_from_swap_cache().
134
135 memory.usage/memsw.usage changes to this page/swp_entry will be
136 Case (A) (B) (C) (D)
137 Event
138 Before (2) 0/ 1 0/ 1 1/ 1 1/ 1
139 ===========================================
140 (3) +1/+1 +1/+1 +1/+1 +1/+1
141 (4) - 0/ 0 - -1/ 0
142 (5) 0/-1 0/ 0 -1/-1 0/ 0
143 (6) - 0/-1 - 0/-1
144 ===========================================
145 Result 1/ 1 1/ 1 1/ 1 1/ 1
146
147 In any cases, charges to this page should be 1/ 1.
148
149 4.2 Swap-out.
150 At swap-out, typical state transition is below.
151
152 (a) add to swap cache. (marked as SwapCache)
153 swp_entry's refcnt += 1.
154 (b) fully unmapped.
155 swp_entry's refcnt += # of ptes.
156 (c) write back to swap.
157 (d) delete from swap cache. (remove from SwapCache)
158 swp_entry's refcnt -= 1.
159
160
161 At (b), the page is marked as SwapCache and not uncharged.
162 At (d), the page is removed from SwapCache and a charge in page_cgroup
163 is moved to swap_cgroup.
164
165 Finally, at task exit,
166 (e) zap_pte() is called and swp_entry's refcnt -=1 -> 0.
167 Here, a charge in swap_cgroup disappears.
168
1695. Page Cache
170 Page Cache is charged at
171 - add_to_page_cache_locked().
172
173 uncharged at
174 - __remove_from_page_cache().
175
176 The logic is very clear. (About migration, see below)
177 Note: __remove_from_page_cache() is called by remove_from_page_cache()
178 and __remove_mapping().
179
1806. Shmem(tmpfs) Page Cache
181 Memcg's charge/uncharge have special handlers of shmem. The best way
182 to understand shmem's page state transition is to read mm/shmem.c.
183 But brief explanation of the behavior of memcg around shmem will be
184 helpful to understand the logic.
185
186 Shmem's page (just leaf page, not direct/indirect block) can be on
187 - radix-tree of shmem's inode.
188 - SwapCache.
189 - Both on radix-tree and SwapCache. This happens at swap-in
190 and swap-out,
191
192 It's charged when...
193 - A new page is added to shmem's radix-tree.
194 - A swp page is read. (move a charge from swap_cgroup to page_cgroup)
195 It's uncharged when
196 - A page is removed from radix-tree and not SwapCache.
197 - When SwapCache is removed, a charge is moved to swap_cgroup.
198 - When swp_entry's refcnt goes down to 0, a charge in swap_cgroup
199 disappears.
200
2017. Page Migration
202 One of the most complicated functions is page-migration-handler.
203 Memcg has 2 routines. Assume that we are migrating a page's contents
204 from OLDPAGE to NEWPAGE.
205
206 Usual migration logic is..
207 (a) remove the page from LRU.
208 (b) allocate NEWPAGE (migration target)
209 (c) lock by lock_page().
210 (d) unmap all mappings.
211 (e-1) If necessary, replace entry in radix-tree.
212 (e-2) move contents of a page.
213 (f) map all mappings again.
214 (g) pushback the page to LRU.
215 (-) OLDPAGE will be freed.
216
217 Before (g), memcg should complete all necessary charge/uncharge to
218 NEWPAGE/OLDPAGE.
219
220 The point is....
221 - If OLDPAGE is anonymous, all charges will be dropped at (d) because
222 try_to_unmap() drops all mapcount and the page will not be
223 SwapCache.
224
225 - If OLDPAGE is SwapCache, charges will be kept at (g) because
226 __delete_from_swap_cache() isn't called at (e-1)
227
228 - If OLDPAGE is page-cache, charges will be kept at (g) because
229 remove_from_swap_cache() isn't called at (e-1)
230
231 memcg provides following hooks.
232
233 - mem_cgroup_prepare_migration(OLDPAGE)
234 Called after (b) to account a charge (usage += PAGE_SIZE) against
235 memcg which OLDPAGE belongs to.
236
237 - mem_cgroup_end_migration(OLDPAGE, NEWPAGE)
238 Called after (f) before (g).
239 If OLDPAGE is used, commit OLDPAGE again. If OLDPAGE is already
240 charged, a charge by prepare_migration() is automatically canceled.
241 If NEWPAGE is used, commit NEWPAGE and uncharge OLDPAGE.
242
243 But zap_pte() (by exit or munmap) can be called while migration,
244 we have to check if OLDPAGE/NEWPAGE is a valid page after commit().
245
2468. LRU
247 Each memcg has its own private LRU. Now, it's handling is under global
248 VM's control (means that it's handled under global zone->lru_lock).
249 Almost all routines around memcg's LRU is called by global LRU's
250 list management functions under zone->lru_lock().
251
252 A special function is mem_cgroup_isolate_pages(). This scans
253 memcg's private LRU and call __isolate_lru_page() to extract a page
254 from LRU.
255 (By __isolate_lru_page(), the page is removed from both of global and
256 private LRU.)
257
258
2599. Typical Tests.
260
261 Tests for racy cases.
262
263 9.1 Small limit to memcg.
264 When you do test to do racy case, it's good test to set memcg's limit
265 to be very small rather than GB. Many races found in the test under
266 xKB or xxMB limits.
267 (Memory behavior under GB and Memory behavior under MB shows very
268 different situation.)
269
270 9.2 Shmem
271 Historically, memcg's shmem handling was poor and we saw some amount
272 of troubles here. This is because shmem is page-cache but can be
273 SwapCache. Test with shmem/tmpfs is always good test.
274
275 9.3 Migration
276 For NUMA, migration is an another special case. To do easy test, cpuset
277 is useful. Following is a sample script to do migration.
278
279 mount -t cgroup -o cpuset none /opt/cpuset
280
281 mkdir /opt/cpuset/01
282 echo 1 > /opt/cpuset/01/cpuset.cpus
283 echo 0 > /opt/cpuset/01/cpuset.mems
284 echo 1 > /opt/cpuset/01/cpuset.memory_migrate
285 mkdir /opt/cpuset/02
286 echo 1 > /opt/cpuset/02/cpuset.cpus
287 echo 1 > /opt/cpuset/02/cpuset.mems
288 echo 1 > /opt/cpuset/02/cpuset.memory_migrate
289
290 In above set, when you moves a task from 01 to 02, page migration to
291 node 0 to node 1 will occur. Following is a script to migrate all
292 under cpuset.
293 --
294 move_task()
295 {
296 for pid in $1
297 do
298 /bin/echo $pid >$2/tasks 2>/dev/null
299 echo -n $pid
300 echo -n " "
301 done
302 echo END
303 }
304
305 G1_TASK=`cat ${G1}/tasks`
306 G2_TASK=`cat ${G2}/tasks`
307 move_task "${G1_TASK}" ${G2} &
308 --
309 9.4 Memory hotplug.
310 memory hotplug test is one of good test.
311 to offline memory, do following.
312 # echo offline > /sys/devices/system/memory/memoryXXX/state
313 (XXX is the place of memory)
314 This is an easy way to test page migration, too.
315
316 9.5 mkdir/rmdir
317 When using hierarchy, mkdir/rmdir test should be done.
318 Use tests like the following.
319
320 echo 1 >/opt/cgroup/01/memory/use_hierarchy
321 mkdir /opt/cgroup/01/child_a
322 mkdir /opt/cgroup/01/child_b
323
324 set limit to 01.
325 add limit to 01/child_b
326 run jobs under child_a and child_b
327
328 create/delete following groups at random while jobs are running.
329 /opt/cgroup/01/child_a/child_aa
330 /opt/cgroup/01/child_b/child_bb
331 /opt/cgroup/01/child_c
332
333 running new jobs in new group is also good.
334
335 9.6 Mount with other subsystems.
336 Mounting with other subsystems is a good test because there is a
337 race and lock dependency with other cgroup subsystems.
338
339 example)
340 # mount -t cgroup none /cgroup -t cpuset,memory,cpu,devices
341
342 and do task move, mkdir, rmdir etc...under this.
diff --git a/Documentation/controllers/memory.txt b/Documentation/controllers/memory.txt
index 1c07547d3f81..e1501964df1e 100644
--- a/Documentation/controllers/memory.txt
+++ b/Documentation/controllers/memory.txt
@@ -137,7 +137,32 @@ behind this approach is that a cgroup that aggressively uses a shared
137page will eventually get charged for it (once it is uncharged from 137page will eventually get charged for it (once it is uncharged from
138the cgroup that brought it in -- this will happen on memory pressure). 138the cgroup that brought it in -- this will happen on memory pressure).
139 139
1402.4 Reclaim 140Exception: If CONFIG_CGROUP_CGROUP_MEM_RES_CTLR_SWAP is not used..
141When you do swapoff and make swapped-out pages of shmem(tmpfs) to
142be backed into memory in force, charges for pages are accounted against the
143caller of swapoff rather than the users of shmem.
144
145
1462.4 Swap Extension (CONFIG_CGROUP_MEM_RES_CTLR_SWAP)
147Swap Extension allows you to record charge for swap. A swapped-in page is
148charged back to original page allocator if possible.
149
150When swap is accounted, following files are added.
151 - memory.memsw.usage_in_bytes.
152 - memory.memsw.limit_in_bytes.
153
154usage of mem+swap is limited by memsw.limit_in_bytes.
155
156Note: why 'mem+swap' rather than swap.
157The global LRU(kswapd) can swap out arbitrary pages. Swap-out means
158to move account from memory to swap...there is no change in usage of
159mem+swap.
160
161In other words, when we want to limit the usage of swap without affecting
162global LRU, mem+swap limit is better than just limiting swap from OS point
163of view.
164
1652.5 Reclaim
141 166
142Each cgroup maintains a per cgroup LRU that consists of an active 167Each cgroup maintains a per cgroup LRU that consists of an active
143and inactive list. When a cgroup goes over its limit, we first try 168and inactive list. When a cgroup goes over its limit, we first try
@@ -207,12 +232,6 @@ exceeded.
207The memory.stat file gives accounting information. Now, the number of 232The memory.stat file gives accounting information. Now, the number of
208caches, RSS and Active pages/Inactive pages are shown. 233caches, RSS and Active pages/Inactive pages are shown.
209 234
210The memory.force_empty gives an interface to drop *all* charges by force.
211
212# echo 1 > memory.force_empty
213
214will drop all charges in cgroup. Currently, this is maintained for test.
215
2164. Testing 2354. Testing
217 236
218Balbir posted lmbench, AIM9, LTP and vmmstress results [10] and [11]. 237Balbir posted lmbench, AIM9, LTP and vmmstress results [10] and [11].
@@ -242,10 +261,106 @@ reclaimed.
242 261
243A cgroup can be removed by rmdir, but as discussed in sections 4.1 and 4.2, a 262A cgroup can be removed by rmdir, but as discussed in sections 4.1 and 4.2, a
244cgroup might have some charge associated with it, even though all 263cgroup might have some charge associated with it, even though all
245tasks have migrated away from it. Such charges are automatically dropped at 264tasks have migrated away from it.
246rmdir() if there are no tasks. 265Such charges are freed(at default) or moved to its parent. When moved,
266both of RSS and CACHES are moved to parent.
267If both of them are busy, rmdir() returns -EBUSY. See 5.1 Also.
268
269Charges recorded in swap information is not updated at removal of cgroup.
270Recorded information is discarded and a cgroup which uses swap (swapcache)
271will be charged as a new owner of it.
272
273
2745. Misc. interfaces.
275
2765.1 force_empty
277 memory.force_empty interface is provided to make cgroup's memory usage empty.
278 You can use this interface only when the cgroup has no tasks.
279 When writing anything to this
280
281 # echo 0 > memory.force_empty
282
283 Almost all pages tracked by this memcg will be unmapped and freed. Some of
284 pages cannot be freed because it's locked or in-use. Such pages are moved
285 to parent and this cgroup will be empty. But this may return -EBUSY in
286 some too busy case.
287
288 Typical use case of this interface is that calling this before rmdir().
289 Because rmdir() moves all pages to parent, some out-of-use page caches can be
290 moved to the parent. If you want to avoid that, force_empty will be useful.
291
2925.2 stat file
293 memory.stat file includes following statistics (now)
294 cache - # of pages from page-cache and shmem.
295 rss - # of pages from anonymous memory.
296 pgpgin - # of event of charging
297 pgpgout - # of event of uncharging
298 active_anon - # of pages on active lru of anon, shmem.
299 inactive_anon - # of pages on active lru of anon, shmem
300 active_file - # of pages on active lru of file-cache
301 inactive_file - # of pages on inactive lru of file cache
302 unevictable - # of pages cannot be reclaimed.(mlocked etc)
303
304 Below is depend on CONFIG_DEBUG_VM.
305 inactive_ratio - VM inernal parameter. (see mm/page_alloc.c)
306 recent_rotated_anon - VM internal parameter. (see mm/vmscan.c)
307 recent_rotated_file - VM internal parameter. (see mm/vmscan.c)
308 recent_scanned_anon - VM internal parameter. (see mm/vmscan.c)
309 recent_scanned_file - VM internal parameter. (see mm/vmscan.c)
310
311 Memo:
312 recent_rotated means recent frequency of lru rotation.
313 recent_scanned means recent # of scans to lru.
314 showing for better debug please see the code for meanings.
315
316
3175.3 swappiness
318 Similar to /proc/sys/vm/swappiness, but affecting a hierarchy of groups only.
319
320 Following cgroup's swapiness can't be changed.
321 - root cgroup (uses /proc/sys/vm/swappiness).
322 - a cgroup which uses hierarchy and it has child cgroup.
323 - a cgroup which uses hierarchy and not the root of hierarchy.
324
325
3266. Hierarchy support
327
328The memory controller supports a deep hierarchy and hierarchical accounting.
329The hierarchy is created by creating the appropriate cgroups in the
330cgroup filesystem. Consider for example, the following cgroup filesystem
331hierarchy
332
333 root
334 / | \
335 / | \
336 a b c
337 | \
338 | \
339 d e
340
341In the diagram above, with hierarchical accounting enabled, all memory
342usage of e, is accounted to its ancestors up until the root (i.e, c and root),
343that has memory.use_hierarchy enabled. If one of the ancestors goes over its
344limit, the reclaim algorithm reclaims from the tasks in the ancestor and the
345children of the ancestor.
346
3476.1 Enabling hierarchical accounting and reclaim
348
349The memory controller by default disables the hierarchy feature. Support
350can be enabled by writing 1 to memory.use_hierarchy file of the root cgroup
351
352# echo 1 > memory.use_hierarchy
353
354The feature can be disabled by
355
356# echo 0 > memory.use_hierarchy
357
358NOTE1: Enabling/disabling will fail if the cgroup already has other
359cgroups created below it.
360
361NOTE2: This feature can be enabled/disabled per subtree.
247 362
2485. TODO 3637. TODO
249 364
2501. Add support for accounting huge pages (as a separate controller) 3651. Add support for accounting huge pages (as a separate controller)
2512. Make per-cgroup scanner reclaim not-shared pages first 3662. Make per-cgroup scanner reclaim not-shared pages first
diff --git a/Documentation/dell_rbu.txt b/Documentation/dell_rbu.txt
index 2c0d631de0cf..c11b931f8f98 100644
--- a/Documentation/dell_rbu.txt
+++ b/Documentation/dell_rbu.txt
@@ -81,8 +81,8 @@ Until this step is completed the driver cannot be unloaded.
81Also echoing either mono ,packet or init in to image_type will free up the 81Also echoing either mono ,packet or init in to image_type will free up the
82memory allocated by the driver. 82memory allocated by the driver.
83 83
84If an user by accident executes steps 1 and 3 above without executing step 2; 84If a user by accident executes steps 1 and 3 above without executing step 2;
85it will make the /sys/class/firmware/dell_rbu/ entries to disappear. 85it will make the /sys/class/firmware/dell_rbu/ entries disappear.
86The entries can be recreated by doing the following 86The entries can be recreated by doing the following
87echo init > /sys/devices/platform/dell_rbu/image_type 87echo init > /sys/devices/platform/dell_rbu/image_type
88NOTE: echoing init in image_type does not change it original value. 88NOTE: echoing init in image_type does not change it original value.
diff --git a/Documentation/development-process/4.Coding b/Documentation/development-process/4.Coding
index 014aca8f14e2..a5a3450faaa0 100644
--- a/Documentation/development-process/4.Coding
+++ b/Documentation/development-process/4.Coding
@@ -375,10 +375,10 @@ say, this can be a large job, so it is best to be sure that the
375justification is solid. 375justification is solid.
376 376
377When making an incompatible API change, one should, whenever possible, 377When making an incompatible API change, one should, whenever possible,
378ensure that code which has not been updated is caught by the compiler. 378ensure that code which has not been updated is caught by the compiler.
379This will help you to be sure that you have found all in-tree uses of that 379This will help you to be sure that you have found all in-tree uses of that
380interface. It will also alert developers of out-of-tree code that there is 380interface. It will also alert developers of out-of-tree code that there is
381a change that they need to respond to. Supporting out-of-tree code is not 381a change that they need to respond to. Supporting out-of-tree code is not
382something that kernel developers need to be worried about, but we also do 382something that kernel developers need to be worried about, but we also do
383not have to make life harder for out-of-tree developers than it it needs to 383not have to make life harder for out-of-tree developers than it needs to
384be. 384be.
diff --git a/Documentation/feature-removal-schedule.txt b/Documentation/feature-removal-schedule.txt
index df18d87c4837..5ddbe350487a 100644
--- a/Documentation/feature-removal-schedule.txt
+++ b/Documentation/feature-removal-schedule.txt
@@ -315,3 +315,23 @@ When: 2.6.29 (ideally) or 2.6.30 (more likely)
315Why: Deprecated by the new (standard) device driver binding model. Use 315Why: Deprecated by the new (standard) device driver binding model. Use
316 i2c_driver->probe() and ->remove() instead. 316 i2c_driver->probe() and ->remove() instead.
317Who: Jean Delvare <khali@linux-fr.org> 317Who: Jean Delvare <khali@linux-fr.org>
318
319---------------------------
320
321What: fscher and fscpos drivers
322When: June 2009
323Why: Deprecated by the new fschmd driver.
324Who: Hans de Goede <hdegoede@redhat.com>
325 Jean Delvare <khali@linux-fr.org>
326
327---------------------------
328
329What: SELinux "compat_net" functionality
330When: 2.6.30 at the earliest
331Why: In 2.6.18 the Secmark concept was introduced to replace the "compat_net"
332 network access control functionality of SELinux. Secmark offers both
333 better performance and greater flexibility than the "compat_net"
334 mechanism. Now that the major Linux distributions have moved to
335 Secmark, it is time to deprecate the older mechanism and start the
336 process of removing the old code.
337Who: Paul Moore <paul.moore@hp.com>
diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/Locking b/Documentation/filesystems/Locking
index ccec55394380..cfbfa15a46ba 100644
--- a/Documentation/filesystems/Locking
+++ b/Documentation/filesystems/Locking
@@ -397,7 +397,7 @@ prototypes:
397}; 397};
398 398
399locking rules: 399locking rules:
400 All except ->poll() may block. 400 All may block.
401 BKL 401 BKL
402llseek: no (see below) 402llseek: no (see below)
403read: no 403read: no
diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/ext4.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/ext4.txt
index 174eaff7ded9..cec829bc7291 100644
--- a/Documentation/filesystems/ext4.txt
+++ b/Documentation/filesystems/ext4.txt
@@ -58,13 +58,22 @@ Note: More extensive information for getting started with ext4 can be
58 58
59 # mount -t ext4 /dev/hda1 /wherever 59 # mount -t ext4 /dev/hda1 /wherever
60 60
61 - When comparing performance with other filesystems, remember that 61 - When comparing performance with other filesystems, it's always
62 ext3/4 by default offers higher data integrity guarantees than most. 62 important to try multiple workloads; very often a subtle change in a
63 So when comparing with a metadata-only journalling filesystem, such 63 workload parameter can completely change the ranking of which
64 as ext3, use `mount -o data=writeback'. And you might as well use 64 filesystems do well compared to others. When comparing versus ext3,
65 `mount -o nobh' too along with it. Making the journal larger than 65 note that ext4 enables write barriers by default, while ext3 does
66 the mke2fs default often helps performance with metadata-intensive 66 not enable write barriers by default. So it is useful to use
67 workloads. 67 explicitly specify whether barriers are enabled or not when via the
68 '-o barriers=[0|1]' mount option for both ext3 and ext4 filesystems
69 for a fair comparison. When tuning ext3 for best benchmark numbers,
70 it is often worthwhile to try changing the data journaling mode; '-o
71 data=writeback,nobh' can be faster for some workloads. (Note
72 however that running mounted with data=writeback can potentially
73 leave stale data exposed in recently written files in case of an
74 unclean shutdown, which could be a security exposure in some
75 situations.) Configuring the filesystem with a large journal can
76 also be helpful for metadata-intensive workloads.
68 77
692. Features 782. Features
70=========== 79===========
@@ -74,7 +83,7 @@ Note: More extensive information for getting started with ext4 can be
74* ability to use filesystems > 16TB (e2fsprogs support not available yet) 83* ability to use filesystems > 16TB (e2fsprogs support not available yet)
75* extent format reduces metadata overhead (RAM, IO for access, transactions) 84* extent format reduces metadata overhead (RAM, IO for access, transactions)
76* extent format more robust in face of on-disk corruption due to magics, 85* extent format more robust in face of on-disk corruption due to magics,
77* internal redunancy in tree 86* internal redundancy in tree
78* improved file allocation (multi-block alloc) 87* improved file allocation (multi-block alloc)
79* fix 32000 subdirectory limit 88* fix 32000 subdirectory limit
80* nsec timestamps for mtime, atime, ctime, create time 89* nsec timestamps for mtime, atime, ctime, create time
@@ -116,10 +125,11 @@ grouping of bitmaps and inode tables. Some test results available here:
116When mounting an ext4 filesystem, the following option are accepted: 125When mounting an ext4 filesystem, the following option are accepted:
117(*) == default 126(*) == default
118 127
119extents (*) ext4 will use extents to address file data. The 128ro Mount filesystem read only. Note that ext4 will
120 file system will no longer be mountable by ext3. 129 replay the journal (and thus write to the
121 130 partition) even when mounted "read only". The
122noextents ext4 will not use extents for newly created files 131 mount options "ro,noload" can be used to prevent
132 writes to the filesystem.
123 133
124journal_checksum Enable checksumming of the journal transactions. 134journal_checksum Enable checksumming of the journal transactions.
125 This will allow the recovery code in e2fsck and the 135 This will allow the recovery code in e2fsck and the
@@ -134,17 +144,17 @@ journal_async_commit Commit block can be written to disk without waiting
134journal=update Update the ext4 file system's journal to the current 144journal=update Update the ext4 file system's journal to the current
135 format. 145 format.
136 146
137journal=inum When a journal already exists, this option is ignored.
138 Otherwise, it specifies the number of the inode which
139 will represent the ext4 file system's journal file.
140
141journal_dev=devnum When the external journal device's major/minor numbers 147journal_dev=devnum When the external journal device's major/minor numbers
142 have changed, this option allows the user to specify 148 have changed, this option allows the user to specify
143 the new journal location. The journal device is 149 the new journal location. The journal device is
144 identified through its new major/minor numbers encoded 150 identified through its new major/minor numbers encoded
145 in devnum. 151 in devnum.
146 152
147noload Don't load the journal on mounting. 153noload Don't load the journal on mounting. Note that
154 if the filesystem was not unmounted cleanly,
155 skipping the journal replay will lead to the
156 filesystem containing inconsistencies that can
157 lead to any number of problems.
148 158
149data=journal All data are committed into the journal prior to being 159data=journal All data are committed into the journal prior to being
150 written into the main file system. 160 written into the main file system.
@@ -219,9 +229,12 @@ minixdf Make 'df' act like Minix.
219 229
220debug Extra debugging information is sent to syslog. 230debug Extra debugging information is sent to syslog.
221 231
222errors=remount-ro(*) Remount the filesystem read-only on an error. 232errors=remount-ro Remount the filesystem read-only on an error.
223errors=continue Keep going on a filesystem error. 233errors=continue Keep going on a filesystem error.
224errors=panic Panic and halt the machine if an error occurs. 234errors=panic Panic and halt the machine if an error occurs.
235 (These mount options override the errors behavior
236 specified in the superblock, which can be configured
237 using tune2fs)
225 238
226data_err=ignore(*) Just print an error message if an error occurs 239data_err=ignore(*) Just print an error message if an error occurs
227 in a file data buffer in ordered mode. 240 in a file data buffer in ordered mode.
@@ -261,6 +274,42 @@ delalloc (*) Deferring block allocation until write-out time.
261nodelalloc Disable delayed allocation. Blocks are allocation 274nodelalloc Disable delayed allocation. Blocks are allocation
262 when data is copied from user to page cache. 275 when data is copied from user to page cache.
263 276
277max_batch_time=usec Maximum amount of time ext4 should wait for
278 additional filesystem operations to be batch
279 together with a synchronous write operation.
280 Since a synchronous write operation is going to
281 force a commit and then a wait for the I/O
282 complete, it doesn't cost much, and can be a
283 huge throughput win, we wait for a small amount
284 of time to see if any other transactions can
285 piggyback on the synchronous write. The
286 algorithm used is designed to automatically tune
287 for the speed of the disk, by measuring the
288 amount of time (on average) that it takes to
289 finish committing a transaction. Call this time
290 the "commit time". If the time that the
291 transactoin has been running is less than the
292 commit time, ext4 will try sleeping for the
293 commit time to see if other operations will join
294 the transaction. The commit time is capped by
295 the max_batch_time, which defaults to 15000us
296 (15ms). This optimization can be turned off
297 entirely by setting max_batch_time to 0.
298
299min_batch_time=usec This parameter sets the commit time (as
300 described above) to be at least min_batch_time.
301 It defaults to zero microseconds. Increasing
302 this parameter may improve the throughput of
303 multi-threaded, synchronous workloads on very
304 fast disks, at the cost of increasing latency.
305
306journal_ioprio=prio The I/O priority (from 0 to 7, where 0 is the
307 highest priorty) which should be used for I/O
308 operations submitted by kjournald2 during a
309 commit operation. This defaults to 3, which is
310 a slightly higher priority than the default I/O
311 priority.
312
264Data Mode 313Data Mode
265========= 314=========
266There are 3 different data modes: 315There are 3 different data modes:
diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/ocfs2.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/ocfs2.txt
index 67310fbbb7df..c2a0871280a0 100644
--- a/Documentation/filesystems/ocfs2.txt
+++ b/Documentation/filesystems/ocfs2.txt
@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ Features which OCFS2 does not support yet:
31 - quotas 31 - quotas
32 - Directory change notification (F_NOTIFY) 32 - Directory change notification (F_NOTIFY)
33 - Distributed Caching (F_SETLEASE/F_GETLEASE/break_lease) 33 - Distributed Caching (F_SETLEASE/F_GETLEASE/break_lease)
34 - POSIX ACLs
35 34
36Mount options 35Mount options
37============= 36=============
@@ -79,3 +78,5 @@ inode64 Indicates that Ocfs2 is allowed to create inodes at
79 bits of significance. 78 bits of significance.
80user_xattr (*) Enables Extended User Attributes. 79user_xattr (*) Enables Extended User Attributes.
81nouser_xattr Disables Extended User Attributes. 80nouser_xattr Disables Extended User Attributes.
81acl Enables POSIX Access Control Lists support.
82noacl (*) Disables POSIX Access Control Lists support.
diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt
index 71df353e367c..d105eb45282a 100644
--- a/Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt
+++ b/Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt
@@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ Table 1-1: Process specific entries in /proc
140 statm Process memory status information 140 statm Process memory status information
141 status Process status in human readable form 141 status Process status in human readable form
142 wchan If CONFIG_KALLSYMS is set, a pre-decoded wchan 142 wchan If CONFIG_KALLSYMS is set, a pre-decoded wchan
143 stack Report full stack trace, enable via CONFIG_STACKTRACE
143 smaps Extension based on maps, the rss size for each mapped file 144 smaps Extension based on maps, the rss size for each mapped file
144.............................................................................. 145..............................................................................
145 146
@@ -1385,6 +1386,15 @@ swapcache reclaim. Decreasing vfs_cache_pressure causes the kernel to prefer
1385to retain dentry and inode caches. Increasing vfs_cache_pressure beyond 100 1386to retain dentry and inode caches. Increasing vfs_cache_pressure beyond 100
1386causes the kernel to prefer to reclaim dentries and inodes. 1387causes the kernel to prefer to reclaim dentries and inodes.
1387 1388
1389dirty_background_bytes
1390----------------------
1391
1392Contains the amount of dirty memory at which the pdflush background writeback
1393daemon will start writeback.
1394
1395If dirty_background_bytes is written, dirty_background_ratio becomes a function
1396of its value (dirty_background_bytes / the amount of dirtyable system memory).
1397
1388dirty_background_ratio 1398dirty_background_ratio
1389---------------------- 1399----------------------
1390 1400
@@ -1393,14 +1403,29 @@ pages + file cache, not including locked pages and HugePages), the number of
1393pages at which the pdflush background writeback daemon will start writing out 1403pages at which the pdflush background writeback daemon will start writing out
1394dirty data. 1404dirty data.
1395 1405
1406If dirty_background_ratio is written, dirty_background_bytes becomes a function
1407of its value (dirty_background_ratio * the amount of dirtyable system memory).
1408
1409dirty_bytes
1410-----------
1411
1412Contains the amount of dirty memory at which a process generating disk writes
1413will itself start writeback.
1414
1415If dirty_bytes is written, dirty_ratio becomes a function of its value
1416(dirty_bytes / the amount of dirtyable system memory).
1417
1396dirty_ratio 1418dirty_ratio
1397----------------- 1419-----------
1398 1420
1399Contains, as a percentage of the dirtyable system memory (free pages + mapped 1421Contains, as a percentage of the dirtyable system memory (free pages + mapped
1400pages + file cache, not including locked pages and HugePages), the number of 1422pages + file cache, not including locked pages and HugePages), the number of
1401pages at which a process which is generating disk writes will itself start 1423pages at which a process which is generating disk writes will itself start
1402writing out dirty data. 1424writing out dirty data.
1403 1425
1426If dirty_ratio is written, dirty_bytes becomes a function of its value
1427(dirty_ratio * the amount of dirtyable system memory).
1428
1404dirty_writeback_centisecs 1429dirty_writeback_centisecs
1405------------------------- 1430-------------------------
1406 1431
diff --git a/Documentation/hwmon/abituguru-datasheet b/Documentation/hwmon/abituguru-datasheet
index aef5a9b36846..d9251efdcec7 100644
--- a/Documentation/hwmon/abituguru-datasheet
+++ b/Documentation/hwmon/abituguru-datasheet
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ a sensor.
74Notice that some banks have both a read and a write address this is how the 74Notice that some banks have both a read and a write address this is how the
75uGuru determines if a read from or a write to the bank is taking place, thus 75uGuru determines if a read from or a write to the bank is taking place, thus
76when reading you should always use the read address and when writing the 76when reading you should always use the read address and when writing the
77write address. The write address is always one (1) more then the read address. 77write address. The write address is always one (1) more than the read address.
78 78
79 79
80uGuru ready 80uGuru ready
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ Once all bytes have been read data will hold 0x09, but there is no reason to
121test for this. Notice that the number of bytes is bank address dependent see 121test for this. Notice that the number of bytes is bank address dependent see
122above and below. 122above and below.
123 123
124After completing a successfull read it is advised to put the uGuru back in 124After completing a successful read it is advised to put the uGuru back in
125ready mode, so that it is ready for the next read / write cycle. This way 125ready mode, so that it is ready for the next read / write cycle. This way
126if your program / driver is unloaded and later loaded again the detection 126if your program / driver is unloaded and later loaded again the detection
127algorithm described above will still work. 127algorithm described above will still work.
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ don't ask why this is the way it is.
141 141
142Once DATA holds 0x01 read CMD it should hold 0xAC now. 142Once DATA holds 0x01 read CMD it should hold 0xAC now.
143 143
144After completing a successfull write it is advised to put the uGuru back in 144After completing a successful write it is advised to put the uGuru back in
145ready mode, so that it is ready for the next read / write cycle. This way 145ready mode, so that it is ready for the next read / write cycle. This way
146if your program / driver is unloaded and later loaded again the detection 146if your program / driver is unloaded and later loaded again the detection
147algorithm described above will still work. 147algorithm described above will still work.
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ Bit 3: Beep if alarm (RW)
224Bit 4: 1 if alarm cause measured temp is over the warning threshold (R) 224Bit 4: 1 if alarm cause measured temp is over the warning threshold (R)
225Bit 5: 1 if alarm cause measured volt is over the max threshold (R) 225Bit 5: 1 if alarm cause measured volt is over the max threshold (R)
226Bit 6: 1 if alarm cause measured volt is under the min threshold (R) 226Bit 6: 1 if alarm cause measured volt is under the min threshold (R)
227Bit 7: Volt sensor: Shutdown if alarm persist for more then 4 seconds (RW) 227Bit 7: Volt sensor: Shutdown if alarm persist for more than 4 seconds (RW)
228 Temp sensor: Shutdown if temp is over the shutdown threshold (RW) 228 Temp sensor: Shutdown if temp is over the shutdown threshold (RW)
229 229
230* This bit is only honored/used by the uGuru if a temp sensor is connected 230* This bit is only honored/used by the uGuru if a temp sensor is connected
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ Byte 0:
293Alarm behaviour for the selected sensor. A 1 enables the described behaviour. 293Alarm behaviour for the selected sensor. A 1 enables the described behaviour.
294Bit 0: Give an alarm if measured rpm is under the min threshold (RW) 294Bit 0: Give an alarm if measured rpm is under the min threshold (RW)
295Bit 3: Beep if alarm (RW) 295Bit 3: Beep if alarm (RW)
296Bit 7: Shutdown if alarm persist for more then 4 seconds (RW) 296Bit 7: Shutdown if alarm persist for more than 4 seconds (RW)
297 297
298Byte 1: 298Byte 1:
299min threshold (scale as bank 0x26) 299min threshold (scale as bank 0x26)
diff --git a/Documentation/hwmon/adt7470 b/Documentation/hwmon/adt7470
index 75d13ca147cc..8ce4aa0a0f55 100644
--- a/Documentation/hwmon/adt7470
+++ b/Documentation/hwmon/adt7470
@@ -31,15 +31,11 @@ Each of the measured inputs (temperature, fan speed) has corresponding high/low
31limit values. The ADT7470 will signal an ALARM if any measured value exceeds 31limit values. The ADT7470 will signal an ALARM if any measured value exceeds
32either limit. 32either limit.
33 33
34The ADT7470 DOES NOT sample all inputs continuously. A single pin on the 34The ADT7470 samples all inputs continuously. A kernel thread is started up for
35ADT7470 is connected to a multitude of thermal diodes, but the chip must be 35the purpose of periodically querying the temperature sensors, thus allowing the
36instructed explicitly to read the multitude of diodes. If you want to use 36automatic fan pwm control to set the fan speed. The driver will not read the
37automatic fan control mode, you must manually read any of the temperature 37registers more often than once every 5 seconds. Further, configuration data is
38sensors or the fan control algorithm will not run. The chip WILL NOT DO THIS 38only read once per minute.
39AUTOMATICALLY; this must be done from userspace. This may be a bug in the chip
40design, given that many other AD chips take care of this. The driver will not
41read the registers more often than once every 5 seconds. Further,
42configuration data is only read once per minute.
43 39
44Special Features 40Special Features
45---------------- 41----------------
@@ -72,5 +68,6 @@ pwm#_auto_point2_temp.
72Notes 68Notes
73----- 69-----
74 70
75As stated above, the temperature inputs must be read periodically from 71The temperature inputs no longer need to be read periodically from userspace in
76userspace in order for the automatic pwm algorithm to run. 72order for the automatic pwm algorithm to run. This was the case for earlier
73versions of the driver.
diff --git a/Documentation/hwmon/f71882fg b/Documentation/hwmon/f71882fg
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..a8321267b5b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/hwmon/f71882fg
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
1Kernel driver f71882fg
2======================
3
4Supported chips:
5 * Fintek F71882FG and F71883FG
6 Prefix: 'f71882fg'
7 Addresses scanned: none, address read from Super I/O config space
8 Datasheet: Available from the Fintek website
9 * Fintek F71862FG and F71863FG
10 Prefix: 'f71862fg'
11 Addresses scanned: none, address read from Super I/O config space
12 Datasheet: Available from the Fintek website
13 * Fintek F8000
14 Prefix: 'f8000'
15 Addresses scanned: none, address read from Super I/O config space
16 Datasheet: Not public
17
18Author: Hans de Goede <hdegoede@redhat.com>
19
20
21Description
22-----------
23
24Fintek F718xxFG/F8000 Super I/O chips include complete hardware monitoring
25capabilities. They can monitor up to 9 voltages (3 for the F8000), 4 fans and
263 temperature sensors.
27
28These chips also have fan controlling features, using either DC or PWM, in
29three different modes (one manual, two automatic).
30
31The driver assumes that no more than one chip is present, which seems
32reasonable.
33
34
35Monitoring
36----------
37
38The Voltage, Fan and Temperature Monitoring uses the standard sysfs
39interface as documented in sysfs-interface, without any exceptions.
40
41
42Fan Control
43-----------
44
45Both PWM (pulse-width modulation) and DC fan speed control methods are
46supported. The right one to use depends on external circuitry on the
47motherboard, so the driver assumes that the BIOS set the method
48properly.
49
50There are 2 modes to specify the speed of the fan, PWM duty cycle (or DC
51voltage) mode, where 0-100% duty cycle (0-100% of 12V) is specified. And RPM
52mode where the actual RPM of the fan (as measured) is controlled and the speed
53gets specified as 0-100% of the fan#_full_speed file.
54
55Since both modes work in a 0-100% (mapped to 0-255) scale, there isn't a
56whole lot of a difference when modifying fan control settings. The only
57important difference is that in RPM mode the 0-100% controls the fan speed
58between 0-100% of fan#_full_speed. It is assumed that if the BIOS programs
59RPM mode, it will also set fan#_full_speed properly, if it does not then
60fan control will not work properly, unless you set a sane fan#_full_speed
61value yourself.
62
63Switching between these modes requires re-initializing a whole bunch of
64registers, so the mode which the BIOS has set is kept. The mode is
65printed when loading the driver.
66
67Three different fan control modes are supported; the mode number is written
68to the pwm#_enable file. Note that not all modes are supported on all
69chips, and some modes may only be available in RPM / PWM mode on the F8000.
70Writing an unsupported mode will result in an invalid parameter error.
71
72* 1: Manual mode
73 You ask for a specific PWM duty cycle / DC voltage or a specific % of
74 fan#_full_speed by writing to the pwm# file. This mode is only
75 available on the F8000 if the fan channel is in RPM mode.
76
77* 2: Normal auto mode
78 You can define a number of temperature/fan speed trip points, which % the
79 fan should run at at this temp and which temp a fan should follow using the
80 standard sysfs interface. The number and type of trip points is chip
81 depended, see which files are available in sysfs.
82 Fan/PWM channel 3 of the F8000 is always in this mode!
83
84* 3: Thermostat mode (Only available on the F8000 when in duty cycle mode)
85 The fan speed is regulated to keep the temp the fan is mapped to between
86 temp#_auto_point2_temp and temp#_auto_point3_temp.
87
88Both of the automatic modes require that pwm1 corresponds to fan1, pwm2 to
89fan2 and pwm3 to fan3.
diff --git a/Documentation/hwmon/it87 b/Documentation/hwmon/it87
index 042c0415140b..659315d98e00 100644
--- a/Documentation/hwmon/it87
+++ b/Documentation/hwmon/it87
@@ -26,6 +26,10 @@ Supported chips:
26 Datasheet: Publicly available at the ITE website 26 Datasheet: Publicly available at the ITE website
27 http://www.ite.com.tw/product_info/file/pc/IT8718F_V0.2.zip 27 http://www.ite.com.tw/product_info/file/pc/IT8718F_V0.2.zip
28 http://www.ite.com.tw/product_info/file/pc/IT8718F_V0%203_(for%20C%20version).zip 28 http://www.ite.com.tw/product_info/file/pc/IT8718F_V0%203_(for%20C%20version).zip
29 * IT8720F
30 Prefix: 'it8720'
31 Addresses scanned: from Super I/O config space (8 I/O ports)
32 Datasheet: Not yet publicly available.
29 * SiS950 [clone of IT8705F] 33 * SiS950 [clone of IT8705F]
30 Prefix: 'it87' 34 Prefix: 'it87'
31 Addresses scanned: from Super I/O config space (8 I/O ports) 35 Addresses scanned: from Super I/O config space (8 I/O ports)
@@ -71,7 +75,7 @@ Description
71----------- 75-----------
72 76
73This driver implements support for the IT8705F, IT8712F, IT8716F, 77This driver implements support for the IT8705F, IT8712F, IT8716F,
74IT8718F, IT8726F and SiS950 chips. 78IT8718F, IT8720F, IT8726F and SiS950 chips.
75 79
76These chips are 'Super I/O chips', supporting floppy disks, infrared ports, 80These chips are 'Super I/O chips', supporting floppy disks, infrared ports,
77joysticks and other miscellaneous stuff. For hardware monitoring, they 81joysticks and other miscellaneous stuff. For hardware monitoring, they
@@ -84,19 +88,19 @@ the IT8716F and late IT8712F have 6. They are shared with other functions
84though, so the functionality may not be available on a given system. 88though, so the functionality may not be available on a given system.
85The driver dumbly assume it is there. 89The driver dumbly assume it is there.
86 90
87The IT8718F also features VID inputs (up to 8 pins) but the value is 91The IT8718F and IT8720F also features VID inputs (up to 8 pins) but the value
88stored in the Super-I/O configuration space. Due to technical limitations, 92is stored in the Super-I/O configuration space. Due to technical limitations,
89this value can currently only be read once at initialization time, so 93this value can currently only be read once at initialization time, so
90the driver won't notice and report changes in the VID value. The two 94the driver won't notice and report changes in the VID value. The two
91upper VID bits share their pins with voltage inputs (in5 and in6) so you 95upper VID bits share their pins with voltage inputs (in5 and in6) so you
92can't have both on a given board. 96can't have both on a given board.
93 97
94The IT8716F, IT8718F and later IT8712F revisions have support for 98The IT8716F, IT8718F, IT8720F and later IT8712F revisions have support for
952 additional fans. The additional fans are supported by the driver. 992 additional fans. The additional fans are supported by the driver.
96 100
97The IT8716F and IT8718F, and late IT8712F and IT8705F also have optional 101The IT8716F, IT8718F and IT8720F, and late IT8712F and IT8705F also have
9816-bit tachometer counters for fans 1 to 3. This is better (no more fan 102optional 16-bit tachometer counters for fans 1 to 3. This is better (no more
99clock divider mess) but not compatible with the older chips and 103fan clock divider mess) but not compatible with the older chips and
100revisions. The 16-bit tachometer mode is enabled by the driver when one 104revisions. The 16-bit tachometer mode is enabled by the driver when one
101of the above chips is detected. 105of the above chips is detected.
102 106
@@ -122,7 +126,7 @@ zero'; this is important for negative voltage measurements. All voltage
122inputs can measure voltages between 0 and 4.08 volts, with a resolution of 126inputs can measure voltages between 0 and 4.08 volts, with a resolution of
1230.016 volt. The battery voltage in8 does not have limit registers. 1270.016 volt. The battery voltage in8 does not have limit registers.
124 128
125The VID lines (IT8712F/IT8716F/IT8718F) encode the core voltage value: 129The VID lines (IT8712F/IT8716F/IT8718F/IT8720F) encode the core voltage value:
126the voltage level your processor should work with. This is hardcoded by 130the voltage level your processor should work with. This is hardcoded by
127the mainboard and/or processor itself. It is a value in volts. 131the mainboard and/or processor itself. It is a value in volts.
128 132
diff --git a/Documentation/hwmon/lm70 b/Documentation/hwmon/lm70
index 2bdd3feebf53..0d240291e3cc 100644
--- a/Documentation/hwmon/lm70
+++ b/Documentation/hwmon/lm70
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
1Kernel driver lm70 1Kernel driver lm70
2================== 2==================
3 3
4Supported chip: 4Supported chips:
5 * National Semiconductor LM70 5 * National Semiconductor LM70
6 Datasheet: http://www.national.com/pf/LM/LM70.html 6 Datasheet: http://www.national.com/pf/LM/LM70.html
7 * Texas Instruments TMP121/TMP123
8 Information: http://focus.ti.com/docs/prod/folders/print/tmp121.html
7 9
8Author: 10Author:
9 Kaiwan N Billimoria <kaiwan@designergraphix.com> 11 Kaiwan N Billimoria <kaiwan@designergraphix.com>
@@ -25,6 +27,14 @@ complement digital temperature (sent via the SIO line), is available in the
25driver for interpretation. This driver makes use of the kernel's in-core 27driver for interpretation. This driver makes use of the kernel's in-core
26SPI support. 28SPI support.
27 29
30As a real (in-tree) example of this "SPI protocol driver" interfacing
31with a "SPI master controller driver", see drivers/spi/spi_lm70llp.c
32and its associated documentation.
33
34The TMP121/TMP123 are very similar; main differences are 4 wire SPI inter-
35face (read only) and 13-bit temperature data (0.0625 degrees celsius reso-
36lution).
37
28Thanks to 38Thanks to
29--------- 39---------
30Jean Delvare <khali@linux-fr.org> for mentoring the hwmon-side driver 40Jean Delvare <khali@linux-fr.org> for mentoring the hwmon-side driver
diff --git a/Documentation/hwmon/lm85 b/Documentation/hwmon/lm85
index 400620741290..a13680871bc7 100644
--- a/Documentation/hwmon/lm85
+++ b/Documentation/hwmon/lm85
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ configured individually according to the following options.
164 temperature. (PWM value from 0 to 255) 164 temperature. (PWM value from 0 to 255)
165 165
166* pwm#_auto_pwm_minctl - this flags selects for temp#_auto_temp_off temperature 166* pwm#_auto_pwm_minctl - this flags selects for temp#_auto_temp_off temperature
167 the bahaviour of fans. Write 1 to let fans spinning at 167 the behaviour of fans. Write 1 to let fans spinning at
168 pwm#_auto_pwm_min or write 0 to let them off. 168 pwm#_auto_pwm_min or write 0 to let them off.
169 169
170NOTE: It has been reported that there is a bug in the LM85 that causes the flag 170NOTE: It has been reported that there is a bug in the LM85 that causes the flag
diff --git a/Documentation/hwmon/ltc4245 b/Documentation/hwmon/ltc4245
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..bae7a3adc5d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/hwmon/ltc4245
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
1Kernel driver ltc4245
2=====================
3
4Supported chips:
5 * Linear Technology LTC4245
6 Prefix: 'ltc4245'
7 Addresses scanned: 0x20-0x3f
8 Datasheet:
9 http://www.linear.com/pc/downloadDocument.do?navId=H0,C1,C1003,C1006,C1140,P19392,D13517
10
11Author: Ira W. Snyder <iws@ovro.caltech.edu>
12
13
14Description
15-----------
16
17The LTC4245 controller allows a board to be safely inserted and removed
18from a live backplane in multiple supply systems such as CompactPCI and
19PCI Express.
20
21
22Usage Notes
23-----------
24
25This driver does not probe for LTC4245 devices, due to the fact that some
26of the possible addresses are unfriendly to probing. You will need to use
27the "force" parameter to tell the driver where to find the device.
28
29Example: the following will load the driver for an LTC4245 at address 0x23
30on I2C bus #1:
31$ modprobe ltc4245 force=1,0x23
32
33
34Sysfs entries
35-------------
36
37The LTC4245 has built-in limits for over and under current warnings. This
38makes it very likely that the reference circuit will be used.
39
40This driver uses the values in the datasheet to change the register values
41into the values specified in the sysfs-interface document. The current readings
42rely on the sense resistors listed in Table 2: "Sense Resistor Values".
43
44in1_input 12v input voltage (mV)
45in2_input 5v input voltage (mV)
46in3_input 3v input voltage (mV)
47in4_input Vee (-12v) input voltage (mV)
48
49in1_min_alarm 12v input undervoltage alarm
50in2_min_alarm 5v input undervoltage alarm
51in3_min_alarm 3v input undervoltage alarm
52in4_min_alarm Vee (-12v) input undervoltage alarm
53
54curr1_input 12v current (mA)
55curr2_input 5v current (mA)
56curr3_input 3v current (mA)
57curr4_input Vee (-12v) current (mA)
58
59curr1_max_alarm 12v overcurrent alarm
60curr2_max_alarm 5v overcurrent alarm
61curr3_max_alarm 3v overcurrent alarm
62curr4_max_alarm Vee (-12v) overcurrent alarm
63
64in5_input 12v output voltage (mV)
65in6_input 5v output voltage (mV)
66in7_input 3v output voltage (mV)
67in8_input Vee (-12v) output voltage (mV)
68
69in5_min_alarm 12v output undervoltage alarm
70in6_min_alarm 5v output undervoltage alarm
71in7_min_alarm 3v output undervoltage alarm
72in8_min_alarm Vee (-12v) output undervoltage alarm
73
74in9_input GPIO #1 voltage data
75in10_input GPIO #2 voltage data
76in11_input GPIO #3 voltage data
77
78power1_input 12v power usage (mW)
79power2_input 5v power usage (mW)
80power3_input 3v power usage (mW)
81power4_input Vee (-12v) power usage (mW)
diff --git a/Documentation/ide/warm-plug-howto.txt b/Documentation/ide/warm-plug-howto.txt
index d5885468b072..98152bcd515a 100644
--- a/Documentation/ide/warm-plug-howto.txt
+++ b/Documentation/ide/warm-plug-howto.txt
@@ -11,3 +11,8 @@ unplug old device(s) and plug new device(s)
11# echo -n "1" > /sys/class/ide_port/idex/scan 11# echo -n "1" > /sys/class/ide_port/idex/scan
12 12
13done 13done
14
15NOTE: please make sure that partitions are unmounted and that there are
16no other active references to devices before doing "delete_devices" step,
17also do not attempt "scan" step on devices currently in use -- otherwise
18results may be unpredictable and lead to data loss if you're unlucky
diff --git a/Documentation/input/walkera0701.txt b/Documentation/input/walkera0701.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..8f4289efc5c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/input/walkera0701.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
1
2Walkera WK-0701 transmitter is supplied with a ready to fly Walkera
3helicopters such as HM36, HM37, HM60. The walkera0701 module enables to use
4this transmitter as joystick
5
6Devel homepage and download:
7http://zub.fei.tuke.sk/walkera-wk0701/
8
9or use cogito:
10cg-clone http://zub.fei.tuke.sk/GIT/walkera0701-joystick
11
12
13Connecting to PC:
14
15At back side of transmitter S-video connector can be found. Modulation
16pulses from processor to HF part can be found at pin 2 of this connector,
17pin 3 is GND. Between pin 3 and CPU 5k6 resistor can be found. To get
18modulation pulses to PC, signal pulses must be amplified.
19
20Cable: (walkera TX to parport)
21
22Walkera WK-0701 TX S-VIDEO connector:
23 (back side of TX)
24 __ __ S-video: canon25
25 / |_| \ pin 2 (signal) NPN parport
26 / O 4 3 O \ pin 3 (GND) LED ________________ 10 ACK
27 ( O 2 1 O ) | C
28 \ ___ / 2 ________________________|\|_____|/
29 | [___] | |/| B |\
30 ------- 3 __________________________________|________________ 25 GND
31 E
32
33
34I use green LED and BC109 NPN transistor.
35
36Software:
37
38Build kernel with walkera0701 module. Module walkera0701 need exclusive
39access to parport, modules like lp must be unloaded before loading
40walkera0701 module, check dmesg for error messages. Connect TX to PC by
41cable and run jstest /dev/input/js0 to see values from TX. If no value can
42be changed by TX "joystick", check output from /proc/interrupts. Value for
43(usually irq7) parport must increase if TX is on.
44
45
46
47Technical details:
48
49Driver use interrupt from parport ACK input bit to measure pulse length
50using hrtimers.
51
52Frame format:
53Based on walkera WK-0701 PCM Format description by Shaul Eizikovich.
54(downloaded from http://www.smartpropoplus.com/Docs/Walkera_Wk-0701_PCM.pdf)
55
56Signal pulses:
57 (ANALOG)
58 SYNC BIN OCT
59 +---------+ +------+
60 | | | |
61--+ +------+ +---
62
63Frame:
64 SYNC , BIN1, OCT1, BIN2, OCT2 ... BIN24, OCT24, BIN25, next frame SYNC ..
65
66pulse length:
67 Binary values: Analog octal values:
68
69 288 uS Binary 0 318 uS 000
70 438 uS Binary 1 398 uS 001
71 478 uS 010
72 558 uS 011
73 638 uS 100
74 1306 uS SYNC 718 uS 101
75 798 uS 110
76 878 uS 111
77
7824 bin+oct values + 1 bin value = 24*4+1 bits = 97 bits
79
80(Warning, pulses on ACK ar inverted by transistor, irq is rised up on sync
81to bin change or octal value to bin change).
82
83Binary data representations:
84
85One binary and octal value can be grouped to nibble. 24 nibbles + one binary
86values can be sampled between sync pulses.
87
88Values for first four channels (analog joystick values) can be found in
89first 10 nibbles. Analog value is represented by one sign bit and 9 bit
90absolute binary value. (10 bits per channel). Next nibble is checksum for
91first ten nibbles.
92
93Next nibbles 12 .. 21 represents four channels (not all channels can be
94directly controlled from TX). Binary representations ar the same as in first
95four channels. In nibbles 22 and 23 is a special magic number. Nibble 24 is
96checksum for nibbles 12..23.
97
98After last octal value for nibble 24 and next sync pulse one additional
99binary value can be sampled. This bit and magic number is not used in
100software driver. Some details about this magic numbers can be found in
101Walkera_Wk-0701_PCM.pdf.
102
103Checksum calculation:
104
105Summary of octal values in nibbles must be same as octal value in checksum
106nibble (only first 3 bits are used). Binary value for checksum nibble is
107calculated by sum of binary values in checked nibbles + sum of octal values
108in checked nibbles divided by 8. Only bit 0 of this sum is used.
109
diff --git a/Documentation/ioctl/ioctl-number.txt b/Documentation/ioctl/ioctl-number.txt
index 824699174436..f1d639903325 100644
--- a/Documentation/ioctl/ioctl-number.txt
+++ b/Documentation/ioctl/ioctl-number.txt
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ Code Seq# Include File Comments
84'B' C0-FF advanced bbus 84'B' C0-FF advanced bbus
85 <mailto:maassen@uni-freiburg.de> 85 <mailto:maassen@uni-freiburg.de>
86'C' all linux/soundcard.h 86'C' all linux/soundcard.h
87'D' all asm-s390/dasd.h 87'D' all arch/s390/include/asm/dasd.h
88'E' all linux/input.h 88'E' all linux/input.h
89'F' all linux/fb.h 89'F' all linux/fb.h
90'H' all linux/hiddev.h 90'H' all linux/hiddev.h
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ Code Seq# Include File Comments
105'S' 80-81 scsi/scsi_ioctl.h conflict! 105'S' 80-81 scsi/scsi_ioctl.h conflict!
106'S' 82-FF scsi/scsi.h conflict! 106'S' 82-FF scsi/scsi.h conflict!
107'T' all linux/soundcard.h conflict! 107'T' all linux/soundcard.h conflict!
108'T' all asm-i386/ioctls.h conflict! 108'T' all arch/x86/include/asm/ioctls.h conflict!
109'U' 00-EF linux/drivers/usb/usb.h 109'U' 00-EF linux/drivers/usb/usb.h
110'V' all linux/vt.h 110'V' all linux/vt.h
111'W' 00-1F linux/watchdog.h conflict! 111'W' 00-1F linux/watchdog.h conflict!
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ Code Seq# Include File Comments
120 <mailto:natalia@nikhefk.nikhef.nl> 120 <mailto:natalia@nikhefk.nikhef.nl>
121'c' 00-7F linux/comstats.h conflict! 121'c' 00-7F linux/comstats.h conflict!
122'c' 00-7F linux/coda.h conflict! 122'c' 00-7F linux/coda.h conflict!
123'c' 80-9F asm-s390/chsc.h 123'c' 80-9F arch/s390/include/asm/chsc.h
124'd' 00-FF linux/char/drm/drm/h conflict! 124'd' 00-FF linux/char/drm/drm/h conflict!
125'd' 00-DF linux/video_decoder.h conflict! 125'd' 00-DF linux/video_decoder.h conflict!
126'd' F0-FF linux/digi1.h 126'd' F0-FF linux/digi1.h
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ Code Seq# Include File Comments
170 <mailto:oe@port.de> 170 <mailto:oe@port.de>
1710x80 00-1F linux/fb.h 1710x80 00-1F linux/fb.h
1720x81 00-1F linux/videotext.h 1720x81 00-1F linux/videotext.h
1730x89 00-06 asm-i386/sockios.h 1730x89 00-06 arch/x86/include/asm/sockios.h
1740x89 0B-DF linux/sockios.h 1740x89 0B-DF linux/sockios.h
1750x89 E0-EF linux/sockios.h SIOCPROTOPRIVATE range 1750x89 E0-EF linux/sockios.h SIOCPROTOPRIVATE range
1760x89 F0-FF linux/sockios.h SIOCDEVPRIVATE range 1760x89 F0-FF linux/sockios.h SIOCDEVPRIVATE range
diff --git a/Documentation/kbuild/kbuild.txt b/Documentation/kbuild/kbuild.txt
index 51771847e816..923f9ddee8f6 100644
--- a/Documentation/kbuild/kbuild.txt
+++ b/Documentation/kbuild/kbuild.txt
@@ -124,3 +124,10 @@ KBUILD_EXTRA_SYMBOLS
124-------------------------------------------------- 124--------------------------------------------------
125For modules use symbols from another modules. 125For modules use symbols from another modules.
126See more details in modules.txt. 126See more details in modules.txt.
127
128ALLSOURCE_ARCHS
129--------------------------------------------------
130For tags/TAGS/cscope targets, you can specify more than one archs
131to be included in the databases, separated by blankspace. e.g.
132
133 $ make ALLSOURCE_ARCHS="x86 mips arm" tags
diff --git a/Documentation/kbuild/modules.txt b/Documentation/kbuild/modules.txt
index 1821c077b435..b1096da953c8 100644
--- a/Documentation/kbuild/modules.txt
+++ b/Documentation/kbuild/modules.txt
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ following files:
253 253
254 # Module specific targets 254 # Module specific targets
255 genbin: 255 genbin:
256 echo "X" > 8123_bin_shipped 256 echo "X" > 8123_bin.o_shipped
257 257
258 258
259 In example 2, we are down to two fairly simple files and for simple 259 In example 2, we are down to two fairly simple files and for simple
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ following files:
279 279
280 # Module specific targets 280 # Module specific targets
281 genbin: 281 genbin:
282 echo "X" > 8123_bin_shipped 282 echo "X" > 8123_bin.o_shipped
283 283
284 endif 284 endif
285 285
diff --git a/Documentation/kernel-doc-nano-HOWTO.txt b/Documentation/kernel-doc-nano-HOWTO.txt
index c6841eee9598..d73fbd2b2b45 100644
--- a/Documentation/kernel-doc-nano-HOWTO.txt
+++ b/Documentation/kernel-doc-nano-HOWTO.txt
@@ -71,6 +71,11 @@ The @argument descriptions must begin on the very next line following
71this opening short function description line, with no intervening 71this opening short function description line, with no intervening
72empty comment lines. 72empty comment lines.
73 73
74If a function parameter is "..." (varargs), it should be listed in
75kernel-doc notation as:
76 * @...: description
77
78
74Example kernel-doc data structure comment. 79Example kernel-doc data structure comment.
75 80
76/** 81/**
@@ -282,6 +287,32 @@ struct my_struct {
282}; 287};
283 288
284 289
290Including documentation blocks in source files
291----------------------------------------------
292
293To facilitate having source code and comments close together, you can
294include kernel-doc documentation blocks that are free-form comments
295instead of being kernel-doc for functions, structures, unions,
296enums, or typedefs. This could be used for something like a
297theory of operation for a driver or library code, for example.
298
299This is done by using a DOC: section keyword with a section title. E.g.:
300
301/**
302 * DOC: Theory of Operation
303 *
304 * The whizbang foobar is a dilly of a gizmo. It can do whatever you
305 * want it to do, at any time. It reads your mind. Here's how it works.
306 *
307 * foo bar splat
308 *
309 * The only drawback to this gizmo is that is can sometimes damage
310 * hardware, software, or its subject(s).
311 */
312
313DOC: sections are used in SGML templates files as indicated below.
314
315
285How to make new SGML template files 316How to make new SGML template files
286----------------------------------- 317-----------------------------------
287 318
@@ -302,6 +333,9 @@ exported using EXPORT_SYMBOL.
302!F<filename> <function [functions...]> is replaced by the 333!F<filename> <function [functions...]> is replaced by the
303documentation, in <filename>, for the functions listed. 334documentation, in <filename>, for the functions listed.
304 335
336!P<filename> <section title> is replaced by the contents of the DOC:
337section titled <section title> from <filename>.
338Spaces are allowed in <section title>; do not quote the <section title>.
305 339
306Tim. 340Tim.
307*/ <twaugh@redhat.com> 341*/ <twaugh@redhat.com>
diff --git a/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt b/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
index a2d8805c03d5..fb849020aea9 100644
--- a/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
+++ b/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
@@ -91,6 +91,7 @@ parameter is applicable:
91 SUSPEND System suspend states are enabled. 91 SUSPEND System suspend states are enabled.
92 FTRACE Function tracing enabled. 92 FTRACE Function tracing enabled.
93 TS Appropriate touchscreen support is enabled. 93 TS Appropriate touchscreen support is enabled.
94 UMS USB Mass Storage support is enabled.
94 USB USB support is enabled. 95 USB USB support is enabled.
95 USBHID USB Human Interface Device support is enabled. 96 USBHID USB Human Interface Device support is enabled.
96 V4L Video For Linux support is enabled. 97 V4L Video For Linux support is enabled.
@@ -469,8 +470,8 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file
469 470
470 clearcpuid=BITNUM [X86] 471 clearcpuid=BITNUM [X86]
471 Disable CPUID feature X for the kernel. See 472 Disable CPUID feature X for the kernel. See
472 include/asm-x86/cpufeature.h for the valid bit numbers. 473 arch/x86/include/asm/cpufeature.h for the valid bit
473 Note the Linux specific bits are not necessarily 474 numbers. Note the Linux specific bits are not necessarily
474 stable over kernel options, but the vendor specific 475 stable over kernel options, but the vendor specific
475 ones should be. 476 ones should be.
476 Also note that user programs calling CPUID directly 477 Also note that user programs calling CPUID directly
@@ -551,6 +552,11 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file
551 not work reliably with all consoles, but is known 552 not work reliably with all consoles, but is known
552 to work with serial and VGA consoles. 553 to work with serial and VGA consoles.
553 554
555 coredump_filter=
556 [KNL] Change the default value for
557 /proc/<pid>/coredump_filter.
558 See also Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt.
559
554 cpcihp_generic= [HW,PCI] Generic port I/O CompactPCI driver 560 cpcihp_generic= [HW,PCI] Generic port I/O CompactPCI driver
555 Format: 561 Format:
556 <first_slot>,<last_slot>,<port>,<enum_bit>[,<debug>] 562 <first_slot>,<last_slot>,<port>,<enum_bit>[,<debug>]
@@ -913,6 +919,10 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file
913 919
914 inttest= [IA64] 920 inttest= [IA64]
915 921
922 iomem= Disable strict checking of access to MMIO memory
923 strict regions from userspace.
924 relaxed
925
916 iommu= [x86] 926 iommu= [x86]
917 off 927 off
918 force 928 force
@@ -1117,6 +1127,8 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file
1117 If there are multiple matching configurations changing 1127 If there are multiple matching configurations changing
1118 the same attribute, the last one is used. 1128 the same attribute, the last one is used.
1119 1129
1130 lmb=debug [KNL] Enable lmb debug messages.
1131
1120 load_ramdisk= [RAM] List of ramdisks to load from floppy 1132 load_ramdisk= [RAM] List of ramdisks to load from floppy
1121 See Documentation/blockdev/ramdisk.txt. 1133 See Documentation/blockdev/ramdisk.txt.
1122 1134
@@ -1550,6 +1562,9 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file
1550 1562
1551 nosoftlockup [KNL] Disable the soft-lockup detector. 1563 nosoftlockup [KNL] Disable the soft-lockup detector.
1552 1564
1565 noswapaccount [KNL] Disable accounting of swap in memory resource
1566 controller. (See Documentation/controllers/memory.txt)
1567
1553 nosync [HW,M68K] Disables sync negotiation for all devices. 1568 nosync [HW,M68K] Disables sync negotiation for all devices.
1554 1569
1555 notsc [BUGS=X86-32] Disable Time Stamp Counter 1570 notsc [BUGS=X86-32] Disable Time Stamp Counter
@@ -1569,6 +1584,10 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file
1569 1584
1570 nr_uarts= [SERIAL] maximum number of UARTs to be registered. 1585 nr_uarts= [SERIAL] maximum number of UARTs to be registered.
1571 1586
1587 ohci1394_dma=early [HW] enable debugging via the ohci1394 driver.
1588 See Documentation/debugging-via-ohci1394.txt for more
1589 info.
1590
1572 olpc_ec_timeout= [OLPC] ms delay when issuing EC commands 1591 olpc_ec_timeout= [OLPC] ms delay when issuing EC commands
1573 Rather than timing out after 20 ms if an EC 1592 Rather than timing out after 20 ms if an EC
1574 command is not properly ACKed, override the length 1593 command is not properly ACKed, override the length
@@ -1793,10 +1812,10 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file
1793 autoconfiguration. 1812 autoconfiguration.
1794 Ranges are in pairs (memory base and size). 1813 Ranges are in pairs (memory base and size).
1795 1814
1796 dynamic_printk 1815 dynamic_printk Enables pr_debug()/dev_dbg() calls if
1797 Enables pr_debug()/dev_dbg() calls if 1816 CONFIG_DYNAMIC_PRINTK_DEBUG has been enabled.
1798 CONFIG_DYNAMIC_PRINTK_DEBUG has been enabled. These can also 1817 These can also be switched on/off via
1799 be switched on/off via <debugfs>/dynamic_printk/modules 1818 <debugfs>/dynamic_printk/modules
1800 1819
1801 print-fatal-signals= 1820 print-fatal-signals=
1802 [KNL] debug: print fatal signals 1821 [KNL] debug: print fatal signals
@@ -1884,7 +1903,7 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file
1884 1903
1885 reboot= [BUGS=X86-32,BUGS=ARM,BUGS=IA-64] Rebooting mode 1904 reboot= [BUGS=X86-32,BUGS=ARM,BUGS=IA-64] Rebooting mode
1886 Format: <reboot_mode>[,<reboot_mode2>[,...]] 1905 Format: <reboot_mode>[,<reboot_mode2>[,...]]
1887 See arch/*/kernel/reboot.c or arch/*/kernel/process.c 1906 See arch/*/kernel/reboot.c or arch/*/kernel/process.c
1888 1907
1889 relax_domain_level= 1908 relax_domain_level=
1890 [KNL, SMP] Set scheduler's default relax_domain_level. 1909 [KNL, SMP] Set scheduler's default relax_domain_level.
@@ -2372,6 +2391,41 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file
2372 usbhid.mousepoll= 2391 usbhid.mousepoll=
2373 [USBHID] The interval which mice are to be polled at. 2392 [USBHID] The interval which mice are to be polled at.
2374 2393
2394 usb-storage.delay_use=
2395 [UMS] The delay in seconds before a new device is
2396 scanned for Logical Units (default 5).
2397
2398 usb-storage.quirks=
2399 [UMS] A list of quirks entries to supplement or
2400 override the built-in unusual_devs list. List
2401 entries are separated by commas. Each entry has
2402 the form VID:PID:Flags where VID and PID are Vendor
2403 and Product ID values (4-digit hex numbers) and
2404 Flags is a set of characters, each corresponding
2405 to a common usb-storage quirk flag as follows:
2406 a = SANE_SENSE (collect more than 18 bytes
2407 of sense data);
2408 c = FIX_CAPACITY (decrease the reported
2409 device capacity by one sector);
2410 h = CAPACITY_HEURISTICS (decrease the
2411 reported device capacity by one
2412 sector if the number is odd);
2413 i = IGNORE_DEVICE (don't bind to this
2414 device);
2415 l = NOT_LOCKABLE (don't try to lock and
2416 unlock ejectable media);
2417 m = MAX_SECTORS_64 (don't transfer more
2418 than 64 sectors = 32 KB at a time);
2419 o = CAPACITY_OK (accept the capacity
2420 reported by the device);
2421 r = IGNORE_RESIDUE (the device reports
2422 bogus residue values);
2423 s = SINGLE_LUN (the device has only one
2424 Logical Unit);
2425 w = NO_WP_DETECT (don't test whether the
2426 medium is write-protected).
2427 Example: quirks=0419:aaf5:rl,0421:0433:rc
2428
2375 add_efi_memmap [EFI; x86-32,X86-64] Include EFI memory map in 2429 add_efi_memmap [EFI; x86-32,X86-64] Include EFI memory map in
2376 kernel's map of available physical RAM. 2430 kernel's map of available physical RAM.
2377 2431
@@ -2432,8 +2486,8 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file
2432 Format: 2486 Format:
2433 <irq>,<irq_mask>,<io>,<full_duplex>,<do_sound>,<lockup_hack>[,<irq2>[,<irq3>[,<irq4>]]] 2487 <irq>,<irq_mask>,<io>,<full_duplex>,<do_sound>,<lockup_hack>[,<irq2>[,<irq3>[,<irq4>]]]
2434 2488
2435 norandmaps Don't use address space randomization 2489 norandmaps Don't use address space randomization. Equivalent to
2436 Equivalent to echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/randomize_va_space 2490 echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/randomize_va_space
2437 2491
2438______________________________________________________________________ 2492______________________________________________________________________
2439 2493
diff --git a/Documentation/kobject.txt b/Documentation/kobject.txt
index f5d2aad65a67..b2e374586bd8 100644
--- a/Documentation/kobject.txt
+++ b/Documentation/kobject.txt
@@ -118,8 +118,8 @@ the name of the kobject, call kobject_rename():
118 118
119 int kobject_rename(struct kobject *kobj, const char *new_name); 119 int kobject_rename(struct kobject *kobj, const char *new_name);
120 120
121Note kobject_rename does perform any locking or have a solid notion of 121kobject_rename does not perform any locking or have a solid notion of
122what names are valid so the provide must provide their own sanity checking 122what names are valid so the caller must provide their own sanity checking
123and serialization. 123and serialization.
124 124
125There is a function called kobject_set_name() but that is legacy cruft and 125There is a function called kobject_set_name() but that is legacy cruft and
diff --git a/Documentation/kprobes.txt b/Documentation/kprobes.txt
index a79633d702bf..48b3de90eb1e 100644
--- a/Documentation/kprobes.txt
+++ b/Documentation/kprobes.txt
@@ -497,7 +497,10 @@ The first column provides the kernel address where the probe is inserted.
497The second column identifies the type of probe (k - kprobe, r - kretprobe 497The second column identifies the type of probe (k - kprobe, r - kretprobe
498and j - jprobe), while the third column specifies the symbol+offset of 498and j - jprobe), while the third column specifies the symbol+offset of
499the probe. If the probed function belongs to a module, the module name 499the probe. If the probed function belongs to a module, the module name
500is also specified. 500is also specified. Following columns show probe status. If the probe is on
501a virtual address that is no longer valid (module init sections, module
502virtual addresses that correspond to modules that've been unloaded),
503such probes are marked with [GONE].
501 504
502/debug/kprobes/enabled: Turn kprobes ON/OFF 505/debug/kprobes/enabled: Turn kprobes ON/OFF
503 506
diff --git a/Documentation/laptops/thinkpad-acpi.txt b/Documentation/laptops/thinkpad-acpi.txt
index 71f0fe1fc1b0..898b4987bb80 100644
--- a/Documentation/laptops/thinkpad-acpi.txt
+++ b/Documentation/laptops/thinkpad-acpi.txt
@@ -1475,7 +1475,7 @@ Sysfs interface changelog:
1475 1475
14760x020100: Marker for thinkpad-acpi with hot key NVRAM polling 14760x020100: Marker for thinkpad-acpi with hot key NVRAM polling
1477 support. If you must, use it to know you should not 1477 support. If you must, use it to know you should not
1478 start an userspace NVRAM poller (allows to detect when 1478 start a userspace NVRAM poller (allows to detect when
1479 NVRAM is compiled out by the user because it is 1479 NVRAM is compiled out by the user because it is
1480 unneeded/undesired in the first place). 1480 unneeded/undesired in the first place).
14810x020101: Marker for thinkpad-acpi with hot key NVRAM polling 14810x020101: Marker for thinkpad-acpi with hot key NVRAM polling
diff --git a/Documentation/magic-number.txt b/Documentation/magic-number.txt
index 95070028d15e..505f19607542 100644
--- a/Documentation/magic-number.txt
+++ b/Documentation/magic-number.txt
@@ -125,14 +125,14 @@ TRIDENT_CARD_MAGIC 0x5072696E trident_card sound/oss/trident.c
125ROUTER_MAGIC 0x524d4157 wan_device include/linux/wanrouter.h 125ROUTER_MAGIC 0x524d4157 wan_device include/linux/wanrouter.h
126SCC_MAGIC 0x52696368 gs_port drivers/char/scc.h 126SCC_MAGIC 0x52696368 gs_port drivers/char/scc.h
127SAVEKMSG_MAGIC1 0x53415645 savekmsg arch/*/amiga/config.c 127SAVEKMSG_MAGIC1 0x53415645 savekmsg arch/*/amiga/config.c
128GDA_MAGIC 0x58464552 gda include/asm-mips64/sn/gda.h 128GDA_MAGIC 0x58464552 gda arch/mips/include/asm/sn/gda.h
129RED_MAGIC1 0x5a2cf071 (any) mm/slab.c 129RED_MAGIC1 0x5a2cf071 (any) mm/slab.c
130STL_PORTMAGIC 0x5a7182c9 stlport include/linux/stallion.h 130STL_PORTMAGIC 0x5a7182c9 stlport include/linux/stallion.h
131EEPROM_MAGIC_VALUE 0x5ab478d2 lanai_dev drivers/atm/lanai.c 131EEPROM_MAGIC_VALUE 0x5ab478d2 lanai_dev drivers/atm/lanai.c
132HDLCDRV_MAGIC 0x5ac6e778 hdlcdrv_state include/linux/hdlcdrv.h 132HDLCDRV_MAGIC 0x5ac6e778 hdlcdrv_state include/linux/hdlcdrv.h
133EPCA_MAGIC 0x5c6df104 channel include/linux/epca.h 133EPCA_MAGIC 0x5c6df104 channel include/linux/epca.h
134PCXX_MAGIC 0x5c6df104 channel drivers/char/pcxx.h 134PCXX_MAGIC 0x5c6df104 channel drivers/char/pcxx.h
135KV_MAGIC 0x5f4b565f kernel_vars_s include/asm-mips64/sn/klkernvars.h 135KV_MAGIC 0x5f4b565f kernel_vars_s arch/mips/include/asm/sn/klkernvars.h
136I810_STATE_MAGIC 0x63657373 i810_state sound/oss/i810_audio.c 136I810_STATE_MAGIC 0x63657373 i810_state sound/oss/i810_audio.c
137TRIDENT_STATE_MAGIC 0x63657373 trient_state sound/oss/trident.c 137TRIDENT_STATE_MAGIC 0x63657373 trient_state sound/oss/trident.c
138M3_CARD_MAGIC 0x646e6f50 m3_card sound/oss/maestro3.c 138M3_CARD_MAGIC 0x646e6f50 m3_card sound/oss/maestro3.c
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ CCB_MAGIC 0xf2691ad2 ccb drivers/scsi/ncr53c8xx.c
158QUEUE_MAGIC_FREE 0xf7e1c9a3 queue_entry drivers/scsi/arm/queue.c 158QUEUE_MAGIC_FREE 0xf7e1c9a3 queue_entry drivers/scsi/arm/queue.c
159QUEUE_MAGIC_USED 0xf7e1cc33 queue_entry drivers/scsi/arm/queue.c 159QUEUE_MAGIC_USED 0xf7e1cc33 queue_entry drivers/scsi/arm/queue.c
160HTB_CMAGIC 0xFEFAFEF1 htb_class net/sched/sch_htb.c 160HTB_CMAGIC 0xFEFAFEF1 htb_class net/sched/sch_htb.c
161NMI_MAGIC 0x48414d4d455201 nmi_s include/asm-mips64/sn/nmi.h 161NMI_MAGIC 0x48414d4d455201 nmi_s arch/mips/include/asm/sn/nmi.h
162 162
163Note that there are also defined special per-driver magic numbers in sound 163Note that there are also defined special per-driver magic numbers in sound
164memory management. See include/sound/sndmagic.h for complete list of them. Many 164memory management. See include/sound/sndmagic.h for complete list of them. Many
diff --git a/Documentation/memory-hotplug.txt b/Documentation/memory-hotplug.txt
index 168117bd6ee8..4c2ecf537a4a 100644
--- a/Documentation/memory-hotplug.txt
+++ b/Documentation/memory-hotplug.txt
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ config options.
124 This option can be kernel module too. 124 This option can be kernel module too.
125 125
126-------------------------------- 126--------------------------------
1273 sysfs files for memory hotplug 1274 sysfs files for memory hotplug
128-------------------------------- 128--------------------------------
129All sections have their device information under /sys/devices/system/memory as 129All sections have their device information under /sys/devices/system/memory as
130 130
@@ -138,11 +138,12 @@ For example, assume 1GiB section size. A device for a memory starting at
138(0x100000000 / 1Gib = 4) 138(0x100000000 / 1Gib = 4)
139This device covers address range [0x100000000 ... 0x140000000) 139This device covers address range [0x100000000 ... 0x140000000)
140 140
141Under each section, you can see 3 files. 141Under each section, you can see 4 files.
142 142
143/sys/devices/system/memory/memoryXXX/phys_index 143/sys/devices/system/memory/memoryXXX/phys_index
144/sys/devices/system/memory/memoryXXX/phys_device 144/sys/devices/system/memory/memoryXXX/phys_device
145/sys/devices/system/memory/memoryXXX/state 145/sys/devices/system/memory/memoryXXX/state
146/sys/devices/system/memory/memoryXXX/removable
146 147
147'phys_index' : read-only and contains section id, same as XXX. 148'phys_index' : read-only and contains section id, same as XXX.
148'state' : read-write 149'state' : read-write
@@ -150,10 +151,20 @@ Under each section, you can see 3 files.
150 at write: user can specify "online", "offline" command 151 at write: user can specify "online", "offline" command
151'phys_device': read-only: designed to show the name of physical memory device. 152'phys_device': read-only: designed to show the name of physical memory device.
152 This is not well implemented now. 153 This is not well implemented now.
154'removable' : read-only: contains an integer value indicating
155 whether the memory section is removable or not
156 removable. A value of 1 indicates that the memory
157 section is removable and a value of 0 indicates that
158 it is not removable.
153 159
154NOTE: 160NOTE:
155 These directories/files appear after physical memory hotplug phase. 161 These directories/files appear after physical memory hotplug phase.
156 162
163If CONFIG_NUMA is enabled the
164/sys/devices/system/memory/memoryXXX memory section
165directories can also be accessed via symbolic links located in
166the /sys/devices/system/node/node* directories. For example:
167/sys/devices/system/node/node0/memory9 -> ../../memory/memory9
157 168
158-------------------------------- 169--------------------------------
1594. Physical memory hot-add phase 1704. Physical memory hot-add phase
@@ -365,7 +376,6 @@ node if necessary.
365 - allowing memory hot-add to ZONE_MOVABLE. maybe we need some switch like 376 - allowing memory hot-add to ZONE_MOVABLE. maybe we need some switch like
366 sysctl or new control file. 377 sysctl or new control file.
367 - showing memory section and physical device relationship. 378 - showing memory section and physical device relationship.
368 - showing memory section and node relationship (maybe good for NUMA)
369 - showing memory section is under ZONE_MOVABLE or not 379 - showing memory section is under ZONE_MOVABLE or not
370 - test and make it better memory offlining. 380 - test and make it better memory offlining.
371 - support HugeTLB page migration and offlining. 381 - support HugeTLB page migration and offlining.
diff --git a/Documentation/mips/AU1xxx_IDE.README b/Documentation/mips/AU1xxx_IDE.README
index 25a6ed1aaa5b..f54962aea84d 100644
--- a/Documentation/mips/AU1xxx_IDE.README
+++ b/Documentation/mips/AU1xxx_IDE.README
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ FILES, CONFIGS AND COMPATABILITY
44 44
45Two files are introduced: 45Two files are introduced:
46 46
47 a) 'include/asm-mips/mach-au1x00/au1xxx_ide.h' 47 a) 'arch/mips/include/asm/mach-au1x00/au1xxx_ide.h'
48 containes : struct _auide_hwif 48 containes : struct _auide_hwif
49 timing parameters for PIO mode 0/1/2/3/4 49 timing parameters for PIO mode 0/1/2/3/4
50 timing parameters for MWDMA 0/1/2 50 timing parameters for MWDMA 0/1/2
diff --git a/Documentation/networking/rxrpc.txt b/Documentation/networking/rxrpc.txt
index c3669a3fb4af..60d05eb77c64 100644
--- a/Documentation/networking/rxrpc.txt
+++ b/Documentation/networking/rxrpc.txt
@@ -540,7 +540,7 @@ A client would issue an operation by:
540 MSG_MORE should be set in msghdr::msg_flags on all but the last part of 540 MSG_MORE should be set in msghdr::msg_flags on all but the last part of
541 the request. Multiple requests may be made simultaneously. 541 the request. Multiple requests may be made simultaneously.
542 542
543 If a call is intended to go to a destination other then the default 543 If a call is intended to go to a destination other than the default
544 specified through connect(), then msghdr::msg_name should be set on the 544 specified through connect(), then msghdr::msg_name should be set on the
545 first request message of that call. 545 first request message of that call.
546 546
diff --git a/Documentation/networking/tuntap.txt b/Documentation/networking/tuntap.txt
index 839cbb71388b..c0aab985bad9 100644
--- a/Documentation/networking/tuntap.txt
+++ b/Documentation/networking/tuntap.txt
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ As mentioned above, main purpose of TUN/TAP driver is tunneling.
118It is used by VTun (http://vtun.sourceforge.net). 118It is used by VTun (http://vtun.sourceforge.net).
119 119
120Another interesting application using TUN/TAP is pipsecd 120Another interesting application using TUN/TAP is pipsecd
121(http://perso.enst.fr/~beyssac/pipsec/), an userspace IPSec 121(http://perso.enst.fr/~beyssac/pipsec/), a userspace IPSec
122implementation that can use complete kernel routing (unlike FreeS/WAN). 122implementation that can use complete kernel routing (unlike FreeS/WAN).
123 123
1243. How does Virtual network device actually work ? 1243. How does Virtual network device actually work ?
diff --git a/Documentation/powerpc/cpu_features.txt b/Documentation/powerpc/cpu_features.txt
index 472739880e87..ffa4183fdb8b 100644
--- a/Documentation/powerpc/cpu_features.txt
+++ b/Documentation/powerpc/cpu_features.txt
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ anyways).
31 31
32After detecting the processor type, the kernel patches out sections of code 32After detecting the processor type, the kernel patches out sections of code
33that shouldn't be used by writing nop's over it. Using cpufeatures requires 33that shouldn't be used by writing nop's over it. Using cpufeatures requires
34just 2 macros (found in include/asm-ppc/cputable.h), as seen in head.S 34just 2 macros (found in arch/powerpc/include/asm/cputable.h), as seen in head.S
35transfer_to_handler: 35transfer_to_handler:
36 36
37 #ifdef CONFIG_ALTIVEC 37 #ifdef CONFIG_ALTIVEC
diff --git a/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/fsl/board.txt b/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/fsl/board.txt
index 81a917ef96e9..6c974d28eeb4 100644
--- a/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/fsl/board.txt
+++ b/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/fsl/board.txt
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ This is the memory-mapped registers for on board FPGA.
18 18
19Required properities: 19Required properities:
20- compatible : should be "fsl,fpga-pixis". 20- compatible : should be "fsl,fpga-pixis".
21- reg : should contain the address and the lenght of the FPPGA register 21- reg : should contain the address and the length of the FPPGA register
22 set. 22 set.
23 23
24Example (MPC8610HPCD): 24Example (MPC8610HPCD):
@@ -27,3 +27,33 @@ Example (MPC8610HPCD):
27 compatible = "fsl,fpga-pixis"; 27 compatible = "fsl,fpga-pixis";
28 reg = <0xe8000000 32>; 28 reg = <0xe8000000 32>;
29 }; 29 };
30
31* Freescale BCSR GPIO banks
32
33Some BCSR registers act as simple GPIO controllers, each such
34register can be represented by the gpio-controller node.
35
36Required properities:
37- compatible : Should be "fsl,<board>-bcsr-gpio".
38- reg : Should contain the address and the length of the GPIO bank
39 register.
40- #gpio-cells : Should be two. The first cell is the pin number and the
41 second cell is used to specify optional paramters (currently unused).
42- gpio-controller : Marks the port as GPIO controller.
43
44Example:
45
46 bcsr@1,0 {
47 #address-cells = <1>;
48 #size-cells = <1>;
49 compatible = "fsl,mpc8360mds-bcsr";
50 reg = <1 0 0x8000>;
51 ranges = <0 1 0 0x8000>;
52
53 bcsr13: gpio-controller@d {
54 #gpio-cells = <2>;
55 compatible = "fsl,mpc8360mds-bcsr-gpio";
56 reg = <0xd 1>;
57 gpio-controller;
58 };
59 };
diff --git a/Documentation/s390/Debugging390.txt b/Documentation/s390/Debugging390.txt
index d30a281c570f..10711d9f0788 100644
--- a/Documentation/s390/Debugging390.txt
+++ b/Documentation/s390/Debugging390.txt
@@ -1402,7 +1402,7 @@ Syscalls are implemented on Linux for S390 by the Supervisor call instruction (S
1402possibilities of these as the instruction is made up of a 0xA opcode & the second byte being 1402possibilities of these as the instruction is made up of a 0xA opcode & the second byte being
1403the syscall number. They are traced using the simple command. 1403the syscall number. They are traced using the simple command.
1404TR SVC <Optional value or range> 1404TR SVC <Optional value or range>
1405the syscalls are defined in linux/include/asm-s390/unistd.h 1405the syscalls are defined in linux/arch/s390/include/asm/unistd.h
1406e.g. to trace all file opens just do 1406e.g. to trace all file opens just do
1407TR SVC 5 ( as this is the syscall number of open ) 1407TR SVC 5 ( as this is the syscall number of open )
1408 1408
diff --git a/Documentation/s390/cds.txt b/Documentation/s390/cds.txt
index c4b7b2bd369a..480a78ef5a1e 100644
--- a/Documentation/s390/cds.txt
+++ b/Documentation/s390/cds.txt
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ platform. Some of the interface routines are specific to Linux/390 and some
98of them can be found on other Linux platforms implementations too. 98of them can be found on other Linux platforms implementations too.
99Miscellaneous function prototypes, data declarations, and macro definitions 99Miscellaneous function prototypes, data declarations, and macro definitions
100can be found in the architecture specific C header file 100can be found in the architecture specific C header file
101linux/include/asm-s390/irq.h. 101linux/arch/s390/include/asm/irq.h.
102 102
103Overview of CDS interface concepts 103Overview of CDS interface concepts
104 104
diff --git a/Documentation/s390/s390dbf.txt b/Documentation/s390/s390dbf.txt
index e05420973698..2d10053dd97e 100644
--- a/Documentation/s390/s390dbf.txt
+++ b/Documentation/s390/s390dbf.txt
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ S390 Debug Feature
2================== 2==================
3 3
4files: arch/s390/kernel/debug.c 4files: arch/s390/kernel/debug.c
5 include/asm-s390/debug.h 5 arch/s390/include/asm/debug.h
6 6
7Description: 7Description:
8------------ 8------------
diff --git a/Documentation/scsi/ChangeLog.lpfc b/Documentation/scsi/ChangeLog.lpfc
index ae3f962a7cfc..ff19a52fe004 100644
--- a/Documentation/scsi/ChangeLog.lpfc
+++ b/Documentation/scsi/ChangeLog.lpfc
@@ -733,7 +733,7 @@ Changes from 20040920 to 20041018
733 I/O completion path a little more, especially taking care of 733 I/O completion path a little more, especially taking care of
734 fast-pathing the non-error case. Also removes tons of dead 734 fast-pathing the non-error case. Also removes tons of dead
735 members and defines from lpfc_scsi.h - e.g. lpfc_target is down 735 members and defines from lpfc_scsi.h - e.g. lpfc_target is down
736 to nothing more then the lpfc_nodelist pointer. 736 to nothing more than the lpfc_nodelist pointer.
737 * Added binary sysfs file to issue mbox commands 737 * Added binary sysfs file to issue mbox commands
738 * Replaced #if __BIG_ENDIAN with #if __BIG_ENDIAN_BITFIELD for 738 * Replaced #if __BIG_ENDIAN with #if __BIG_ENDIAN_BITFIELD for
739 compatibility with the user space applications. 739 compatibility with the user space applications.
diff --git a/Documentation/scsi/ChangeLog.ncr53c8xx b/Documentation/scsi/ChangeLog.ncr53c8xx
index a9f721aeb11c..8b278c10edfd 100644
--- a/Documentation/scsi/ChangeLog.ncr53c8xx
+++ b/Documentation/scsi/ChangeLog.ncr53c8xx
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Sun Sep 24 21:30 2000 Gerard Roudier (groudier@club-internet.fr)
19 19
20Wed Jul 26 23:30 2000 Gerard Roudier (groudier@club-internet.fr) 20Wed Jul 26 23:30 2000 Gerard Roudier (groudier@club-internet.fr)
21 * version ncr53c8xx-3.4.1 21 * version ncr53c8xx-3.4.1
22 - Provide OpenFirmare path through the proc FS on PPC. 22 - Provide OpenFirmware path through the proc FS on PPC.
23 - Remove trailing argument #2 from a couple of #undefs. 23 - Remove trailing argument #2 from a couple of #undefs.
24 24
25Sun Jul 09 16:30 2000 Gerard Roudier (groudier@club-internet.fr) 25Sun Jul 09 16:30 2000 Gerard Roudier (groudier@club-internet.fr)
diff --git a/Documentation/scsi/ChangeLog.sym53c8xx b/Documentation/scsi/ChangeLog.sym53c8xx
index ef985ec348e6..02ffbc1e8a84 100644
--- a/Documentation/scsi/ChangeLog.sym53c8xx
+++ b/Documentation/scsi/ChangeLog.sym53c8xx
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ Sun Sep 24 21:30 2000 Gerard Roudier (groudier@club-internet.fr)
81 81
82Wed Jul 26 23:30 2000 Gerard Roudier (groudier@club-internet.fr) 82Wed Jul 26 23:30 2000 Gerard Roudier (groudier@club-internet.fr)
83 * version sym53c8xx-1.7.1 83 * version sym53c8xx-1.7.1
84 - Provide OpenFirmare path through the proc FS on PPC. 84 - Provide OpenFirmware path through the proc FS on PPC.
85 - Download of on-chip SRAM using memcpy_toio() doesn't work 85 - Download of on-chip SRAM using memcpy_toio() doesn't work
86 on PPC. Restore previous method (MEMORY MOVE from SCRIPTS). 86 on PPC. Restore previous method (MEMORY MOVE from SCRIPTS).
87 - Remove trailing argument #2 from a couple of #undefs. 87 - Remove trailing argument #2 from a couple of #undefs.
diff --git a/Documentation/scsi/scsi_fc_transport.txt b/Documentation/scsi/scsi_fc_transport.txt
index 38d324d62b25..e5b071d46619 100644
--- a/Documentation/scsi/scsi_fc_transport.txt
+++ b/Documentation/scsi/scsi_fc_transport.txt
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ Vport States:
191 This is equivalent to a driver "attach" on an adapter, which is 191 This is equivalent to a driver "attach" on an adapter, which is
192 independent of the adapter's link state. 192 independent of the adapter's link state.
193 - Instantiation of the vport on the FC link via ELS traffic, etc. 193 - Instantiation of the vport on the FC link via ELS traffic, etc.
194 This is equivalent to a "link up" and successfull link initialization. 194 This is equivalent to a "link up" and successful link initialization.
195 Further information can be found in the interfaces section below for 195 Further information can be found in the interfaces section below for
196 Vport Creation. 196 Vport Creation.
197 197
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ Vport Creation:
320 This is equivalent to a driver "attach" on an adapter, which is 320 This is equivalent to a driver "attach" on an adapter, which is
321 independent of the adapter's link state. 321 independent of the adapter's link state.
322 - Instantiation of the vport on the FC link via ELS traffic, etc. 322 - Instantiation of the vport on the FC link via ELS traffic, etc.
323 This is equivalent to a "link up" and successfull link initialization. 323 This is equivalent to a "link up" and successful link initialization.
324 324
325 The LLDD's vport_create() function will not synchronously wait for both 325 The LLDD's vport_create() function will not synchronously wait for both
326 parts to be fully completed before returning. It must validate that the 326 parts to be fully completed before returning. It must validate that the
diff --git a/Documentation/spi/spi-lm70llp b/Documentation/spi/spi-lm70llp
index 154bd02220b9..34a9cfd746bd 100644
--- a/Documentation/spi/spi-lm70llp
+++ b/Documentation/spi/spi-lm70llp
@@ -13,10 +13,20 @@ Description
13This driver provides glue code connecting a National Semiconductor LM70 LLP 13This driver provides glue code connecting a National Semiconductor LM70 LLP
14temperature sensor evaluation board to the kernel's SPI core subsystem. 14temperature sensor evaluation board to the kernel's SPI core subsystem.
15 15
16This is a SPI master controller driver. It can be used in conjunction with
17(layered under) the LM70 logical driver (a "SPI protocol driver").
16In effect, this driver turns the parallel port interface on the eval board 18In effect, this driver turns the parallel port interface on the eval board
17into a SPI bus with a single device, which will be driven by the generic 19into a SPI bus with a single device, which will be driven by the generic
18LM70 driver (drivers/hwmon/lm70.c). 20LM70 driver (drivers/hwmon/lm70.c).
19 21
22
23Hardware Interfacing
24--------------------
25The schematic for this particular board (the LM70EVAL-LLP) is
26available (on page 4) here:
27
28 http://www.national.com/appinfo/tempsensors/files/LM70LLPEVALmanual.pdf
29
20The hardware interfacing on the LM70 LLP eval board is as follows: 30The hardware interfacing on the LM70 LLP eval board is as follows:
21 31
22 Parallel LM70 LLP 32 Parallel LM70 LLP
diff --git a/Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt b/Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt
index d79eeda7a699..cd05994a49e6 100644
--- a/Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt
+++ b/Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt
@@ -41,7 +41,8 @@ Currently, these files are in /proc/sys/vm:
41 41
42============================================================== 42==============================================================
43 43
44dirty_ratio, dirty_background_ratio, dirty_expire_centisecs, 44dirty_bytes, dirty_ratio, dirty_background_bytes,
45dirty_background_ratio, dirty_expire_centisecs,
45dirty_writeback_centisecs, highmem_is_dirtyable, 46dirty_writeback_centisecs, highmem_is_dirtyable,
46vfs_cache_pressure, laptop_mode, block_dump, swap_token_timeout, 47vfs_cache_pressure, laptop_mode, block_dump, swap_token_timeout,
47drop-caches, hugepages_treat_as_movable: 48drop-caches, hugepages_treat_as_movable:
diff --git a/Documentation/usb/power-management.txt b/Documentation/usb/power-management.txt
index e48ea1d51010..ad642615ad4c 100644
--- a/Documentation/usb/power-management.txt
+++ b/Documentation/usb/power-management.txt
@@ -313,11 +313,13 @@ three of the methods listed above. In addition, a driver indicates
313that it supports autosuspend by setting the .supports_autosuspend flag 313that it supports autosuspend by setting the .supports_autosuspend flag
314in its usb_driver structure. It is then responsible for informing the 314in its usb_driver structure. It is then responsible for informing the
315USB core whenever one of its interfaces becomes busy or idle. The 315USB core whenever one of its interfaces becomes busy or idle. The
316driver does so by calling these three functions: 316driver does so by calling these five functions:
317 317
318 int usb_autopm_get_interface(struct usb_interface *intf); 318 int usb_autopm_get_interface(struct usb_interface *intf);
319 void usb_autopm_put_interface(struct usb_interface *intf); 319 void usb_autopm_put_interface(struct usb_interface *intf);
320 int usb_autopm_set_interface(struct usb_interface *intf); 320 int usb_autopm_set_interface(struct usb_interface *intf);
321 int usb_autopm_get_interface_async(struct usb_interface *intf);
322 void usb_autopm_put_interface_async(struct usb_interface *intf);
321 323
322The functions work by maintaining a counter in the usb_interface 324The functions work by maintaining a counter in the usb_interface
323structure. When intf->pm_usage_count is > 0 then the interface is 325structure. When intf->pm_usage_count is > 0 then the interface is
@@ -330,10 +332,12 @@ associated with the device itself rather than any of its interfaces.
330This field is used only by the USB core.) 332This field is used only by the USB core.)
331 333
332The driver owns intf->pm_usage_count; it can modify the value however 334The driver owns intf->pm_usage_count; it can modify the value however
333and whenever it likes. A nice aspect of the usb_autopm_* routines is 335and whenever it likes. A nice aspect of the non-async usb_autopm_*
334that the changes they make are protected by the usb_device structure's 336routines is that the changes they make are protected by the usb_device
335PM mutex (udev->pm_mutex); however drivers may change pm_usage_count 337structure's PM mutex (udev->pm_mutex); however drivers may change
336without holding the mutex. 338pm_usage_count without holding the mutex. Drivers using the async
339routines are responsible for their own synchronization and mutual
340exclusion.
337 341
338 usb_autopm_get_interface() increments pm_usage_count and 342 usb_autopm_get_interface() increments pm_usage_count and
339 attempts an autoresume if the new value is > 0 and the 343 attempts an autoresume if the new value is > 0 and the
@@ -348,6 +352,14 @@ without holding the mutex.
348 is suspended, and it attempts an autosuspend if the value is 352 is suspended, and it attempts an autosuspend if the value is
349 <= 0 and the device isn't suspended. 353 <= 0 and the device isn't suspended.
350 354
355 usb_autopm_get_interface_async() and
356 usb_autopm_put_interface_async() do almost the same things as
357 their non-async counterparts. The differences are: they do
358 not acquire the PM mutex, and they use a workqueue to do their
359 jobs. As a result they can be called in an atomic context,
360 such as an URB's completion handler, but when they return the
361 device will not generally not yet be in the desired state.
362
351There also are a couple of utility routines drivers can use: 363There also are a couple of utility routines drivers can use:
352 364
353 usb_autopm_enable() sets pm_usage_cnt to 0 and then calls 365 usb_autopm_enable() sets pm_usage_cnt to 0 and then calls
diff --git a/Documentation/vm/unevictable-lru.txt b/Documentation/vm/unevictable-lru.txt
index 125eed560e5a..0706a7282a8c 100644
--- a/Documentation/vm/unevictable-lru.txt
+++ b/Documentation/vm/unevictable-lru.txt
@@ -137,13 +137,6 @@ shrink_page_list() where they will be detected when vmscan walks the reverse
137map in try_to_unmap(). If try_to_unmap() returns SWAP_MLOCK, shrink_page_list() 137map in try_to_unmap(). If try_to_unmap() returns SWAP_MLOCK, shrink_page_list()
138will cull the page at that point. 138will cull the page at that point.
139 139
140Note that for anonymous pages, shrink_page_list() attempts to add the page to
141the swap cache before it tries to unmap the page. To avoid this unnecessary
142consumption of swap space, shrink_page_list() calls try_to_munlock() to check
143whether any VM_LOCKED vmas map the page without attempting to unmap the page.
144If try_to_munlock() returns SWAP_MLOCK, shrink_page_list() will cull the page
145without consuming swap space. try_to_munlock() will be described below.
146
147To "cull" an unevictable page, vmscan simply puts the page back on the lru 140To "cull" an unevictable page, vmscan simply puts the page back on the lru
148list using putback_lru_page()--the inverse operation to isolate_lru_page()-- 141list using putback_lru_page()--the inverse operation to isolate_lru_page()--
149after dropping the page lock. Because the condition which makes the page 142after dropping the page lock. Because the condition which makes the page
@@ -190,8 +183,8 @@ several places:
190 in the VM_LOCKED flag being set for the vma. 183 in the VM_LOCKED flag being set for the vma.
1913) in the fault path, if mlocked pages are "culled" in the fault path, 1843) in the fault path, if mlocked pages are "culled" in the fault path,
192 and when a VM_LOCKED stack segment is expanded. 185 and when a VM_LOCKED stack segment is expanded.
1934) as mentioned above, in vmscan:shrink_page_list() with attempting to 1864) as mentioned above, in vmscan:shrink_page_list() when attempting to
194 reclaim a page in a VM_LOCKED vma--via try_to_unmap() or try_to_munlock(). 187 reclaim a page in a VM_LOCKED vma via try_to_unmap().
195 188
196Mlocked pages become unlocked and rescued from the unevictable list when: 189Mlocked pages become unlocked and rescued from the unevictable list when:
197 190
@@ -260,9 +253,9 @@ mlock_fixup() filters several classes of "special" vmas:
260 253
2612) vmas mapping hugetlbfs page are already effectively pinned into memory. 2542) vmas mapping hugetlbfs page are already effectively pinned into memory.
262 We don't need nor want to mlock() these pages. However, to preserve the 255 We don't need nor want to mlock() these pages. However, to preserve the
263 prior behavior of mlock()--before the unevictable/mlock changes--mlock_fixup() 256 prior behavior of mlock()--before the unevictable/mlock changes--
264 will call make_pages_present() in the hugetlbfs vma range to allocate the 257 mlock_fixup() will call make_pages_present() in the hugetlbfs vma range
265 huge pages and populate the ptes. 258 to allocate the huge pages and populate the ptes.
266 259
2673) vmas with VM_DONTEXPAND|VM_RESERVED are generally user space mappings of 2603) vmas with VM_DONTEXPAND|VM_RESERVED are generally user space mappings of
268 kernel pages, such as the vdso page, relay channel pages, etc. These pages 261 kernel pages, such as the vdso page, relay channel pages, etc. These pages
@@ -322,7 +315,7 @@ __mlock_vma_pages_range()--the same function used to mlock a vma range--
322passing a flag to indicate that munlock() is being performed. 315passing a flag to indicate that munlock() is being performed.
323 316
324Because the vma access protections could have been changed to PROT_NONE after 317Because the vma access protections could have been changed to PROT_NONE after
325faulting in and mlocking some pages, get_user_pages() was unreliable for visiting 318faulting in and mlocking pages, get_user_pages() was unreliable for visiting
326these pages for munlocking. Because we don't want to leave pages mlocked(), 319these pages for munlocking. Because we don't want to leave pages mlocked(),
327get_user_pages() was enhanced to accept a flag to ignore the permissions when 320get_user_pages() was enhanced to accept a flag to ignore the permissions when
328fetching the pages--all of which should be resident as a result of previous 321fetching the pages--all of which should be resident as a result of previous
@@ -416,8 +409,8 @@ Mlocked Pages: munmap()/exit()/exec() System Call Handling
416When unmapping an mlocked region of memory, whether by an explicit call to 409When unmapping an mlocked region of memory, whether by an explicit call to
417munmap() or via an internal unmap from exit() or exec() processing, we must 410munmap() or via an internal unmap from exit() or exec() processing, we must
418munlock the pages if we're removing the last VM_LOCKED vma that maps the pages. 411munlock the pages if we're removing the last VM_LOCKED vma that maps the pages.
419Before the unevictable/mlock changes, mlocking did not mark the pages in any way, 412Before the unevictable/mlock changes, mlocking did not mark the pages in any
420so unmapping them required no processing. 413way, so unmapping them required no processing.
421 414
422To munlock a range of memory under the unevictable/mlock infrastructure, the 415To munlock a range of memory under the unevictable/mlock infrastructure, the
423munmap() hander and task address space tear down function call 416munmap() hander and task address space tear down function call
@@ -517,12 +510,10 @@ couldn't be mlocked.
517Mlocked pages: try_to_munlock() Reverse Map Scan 510Mlocked pages: try_to_munlock() Reverse Map Scan
518 511
519TODO/FIXME: a better name might be page_mlocked()--analogous to the 512TODO/FIXME: a better name might be page_mlocked()--analogous to the
520page_referenced() reverse map walker--especially if we continue to call this 513page_referenced() reverse map walker.
521from shrink_page_list(). See related TODO/FIXME below.
522 514
523When munlock_vma_page()--see "Mlocked Pages: munlock()/munlockall() System 515When munlock_vma_page()--see "Mlocked Pages: munlock()/munlockall()
524Call Handling" above--tries to munlock a page, or when shrink_page_list() 516System Call Handling" above--tries to munlock a page, it needs to
525encounters an anonymous page that is not yet in the swap cache, they need to
526determine whether or not the page is mapped by any VM_LOCKED vma, without 517determine whether or not the page is mapped by any VM_LOCKED vma, without
527actually attempting to unmap all ptes from the page. For this purpose, the 518actually attempting to unmap all ptes from the page. For this purpose, the
528unevictable/mlock infrastructure introduced a variant of try_to_unmap() called 519unevictable/mlock infrastructure introduced a variant of try_to_unmap() called
@@ -535,10 +526,7 @@ for VM_LOCKED vmas. When such a vma is found for anonymous pages and file
535pages mapped in linear VMAs, as in the try_to_unmap() case, the functions 526pages mapped in linear VMAs, as in the try_to_unmap() case, the functions
536attempt to acquire the associated mmap semphore, mlock the page via 527attempt to acquire the associated mmap semphore, mlock the page via
537mlock_vma_page() and return SWAP_MLOCK. This effectively undoes the 528mlock_vma_page() and return SWAP_MLOCK. This effectively undoes the
538pre-clearing of the page's PG_mlocked done by munlock_vma_page() and informs 529pre-clearing of the page's PG_mlocked done by munlock_vma_page.
539shrink_page_list() that the anonymous page should be culled rather than added
540to the swap cache in preparation for a try_to_unmap() that will almost
541certainly fail.
542 530
543If try_to_unmap() is unable to acquire a VM_LOCKED vma's associated mmap 531If try_to_unmap() is unable to acquire a VM_LOCKED vma's associated mmap
544semaphore, it will return SWAP_AGAIN. This will allow shrink_page_list() 532semaphore, it will return SWAP_AGAIN. This will allow shrink_page_list()
@@ -557,10 +545,7 @@ However, the scan can terminate when it encounters a VM_LOCKED vma and can
557successfully acquire the vma's mmap semphore for read and mlock the page. 545successfully acquire the vma's mmap semphore for read and mlock the page.
558Although try_to_munlock() can be called many [very many!] times when 546Although try_to_munlock() can be called many [very many!] times when
559munlock()ing a large region or tearing down a large address space that has been 547munlock()ing a large region or tearing down a large address space that has been
560mlocked via mlockall(), overall this is a fairly rare event. In addition, 548mlocked via mlockall(), overall this is a fairly rare event.
561although shrink_page_list() calls try_to_munlock() for every anonymous page that
562it handles that is not yet in the swap cache, on average anonymous pages will
563have very short reverse map lists.
564 549
565Mlocked Page: Page Reclaim in shrink_*_list() 550Mlocked Page: Page Reclaim in shrink_*_list()
566 551
@@ -588,8 +573,8 @@ Some examples of these unevictable pages on the LRU lists are:
588 munlock_vma_page() was forced to let the page back on to the normal 573 munlock_vma_page() was forced to let the page back on to the normal
589 LRU list for vmscan to handle. 574 LRU list for vmscan to handle.
590 575
591shrink_inactive_list() also culls any unevictable pages that it finds 576shrink_inactive_list() also culls any unevictable pages that it finds on
592on the inactive lists, again diverting them to the appropriate zone's unevictable 577the inactive lists, again diverting them to the appropriate zone's unevictable
593lru list. shrink_inactive_list() should only see SHM_LOCKed pages that became 578lru list. shrink_inactive_list() should only see SHM_LOCKed pages that became
594SHM_LOCKed after shrink_active_list() had moved them to the inactive list, or 579SHM_LOCKed after shrink_active_list() had moved them to the inactive list, or
595pages mapped into VM_LOCKED vmas that munlock_vma_page() couldn't isolate from 580pages mapped into VM_LOCKED vmas that munlock_vma_page() couldn't isolate from
@@ -597,19 +582,7 @@ the lru to recheck via try_to_munlock(). shrink_inactive_list() won't notice
597the latter, but will pass on to shrink_page_list(). 582the latter, but will pass on to shrink_page_list().
598 583
599shrink_page_list() again culls obviously unevictable pages that it could 584shrink_page_list() again culls obviously unevictable pages that it could
600encounter for similar reason to shrink_inactive_list(). As already discussed, 585encounter for similar reason to shrink_inactive_list(). Pages mapped into
601shrink_page_list() proactively looks for anonymous pages that should have
602PG_mlocked set but don't--these would not be detected by page_evictable()--to
603avoid adding them to the swap cache unnecessarily. File pages mapped into
604VM_LOCKED vmas but without PG_mlocked set will make it all the way to 586VM_LOCKED vmas but without PG_mlocked set will make it all the way to
605try_to_unmap(). shrink_page_list() will divert them to the unevictable list when 587try_to_unmap(). shrink_page_list() will divert them to the unevictable list
606try_to_unmap() returns SWAP_MLOCK, as discussed above. 588when try_to_unmap() returns SWAP_MLOCK, as discussed above.
607
608TODO/FIXME: If we can enhance the swap cache to reliably remove entries
609with page_count(page) > 2, as long as all ptes are mapped to the page and
610not the swap entry, we can probably remove the call to try_to_munlock() in
611shrink_page_list() and just remove the page from the swap cache when
612try_to_unmap() returns SWAP_MLOCK. Currently, remove_exclusive_swap_page()
613doesn't seem to allow that.
614
615
diff --git a/Documentation/w1/masters/00-INDEX b/Documentation/w1/masters/00-INDEX
index 7b0ceaaad7af..d63fa024ac05 100644
--- a/Documentation/w1/masters/00-INDEX
+++ b/Documentation/w1/masters/00-INDEX
@@ -4,5 +4,7 @@ ds2482
4 - The Maxim/Dallas Semiconductor DS2482 provides 1-wire busses. 4 - The Maxim/Dallas Semiconductor DS2482 provides 1-wire busses.
5ds2490 5ds2490
6 - The Maxim/Dallas Semiconductor DS2490 builds USB <-> W1 bridges. 6 - The Maxim/Dallas Semiconductor DS2490 builds USB <-> W1 bridges.
7mxc_w1
8 - W1 master controller driver found on Freescale MX2/MX3 SoCs
7w1-gpio 9w1-gpio
8 - GPIO 1-wire bus master driver. 10 - GPIO 1-wire bus master driver.
diff --git a/Documentation/w1/masters/mxc-w1 b/Documentation/w1/masters/mxc-w1
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..97f6199a7f39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/w1/masters/mxc-w1
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
1Kernel driver mxc_w1
2====================
3
4Supported chips:
5 * Freescale MX27, MX31 and probably other i.MX SoCs
6 Datasheets:
7 http://www.freescale.com/files/32bit/doc/data_sheet/MCIMX31.pdf?fpsp=1
8 http://www.freescale.com/files/dsp/MCIMX27.pdf?fpsp=1
9
10Author: Originally based on Freescale code, prepared for mainline by
11 Sascha Hauer <s.hauer@pengutronix.de>
diff --git a/Documentation/w1/w1.netlink b/Documentation/w1/w1.netlink
index 3640c7c87d45..804445f745ed 100644
--- a/Documentation/w1/w1.netlink
+++ b/Documentation/w1/w1.netlink
@@ -5,69 +5,157 @@ Message types.
5============= 5=============
6 6
7There are three types of messages between w1 core and userspace: 7There are three types of messages between w1 core and userspace:
81. Events. They are generated each time new master or slave device found 81. Events. They are generated each time new master or slave device
9 either due to automatic or requested search. 9 found either due to automatic or requested search.
102. Userspace commands. Includes read/write and search/alarm search comamnds. 102. Userspace commands.
113. Replies to userspace commands. 113. Replies to userspace commands.
12 12
13 13
14Protocol. 14Protocol.
15======== 15========
16 16
17[struct cn_msg] - connector header. It's length field is equal to size of the attached data. 17[struct cn_msg] - connector header.
18 Its length field is equal to size of the attached data
18[struct w1_netlink_msg] - w1 netlink header. 19[struct w1_netlink_msg] - w1 netlink header.
19 __u8 type - message type. 20 __u8 type - message type.
20 W1_SLAVE_ADD/W1_SLAVE_REMOVE - slave add/remove events. 21 W1_LIST_MASTERS
21 W1_MASTER_ADD/W1_MASTER_REMOVE - master add/remove events. 22 list current bus masters
22 W1_MASTER_CMD - userspace command for bus master device (search/alarm search). 23 W1_SLAVE_ADD/W1_SLAVE_REMOVE
23 W1_SLAVE_CMD - userspace command for slave device (read/write/ search/alarm search 24 slave add/remove events
24 for bus master device where given slave device found). 25 W1_MASTER_ADD/W1_MASTER_REMOVE
26 master add/remove events
27 W1_MASTER_CMD
28 userspace command for bus master
29 device (search/alarm search)
30 W1_SLAVE_CMD
31 userspace command for slave device
32 (read/write/touch)
25 __u8 res - reserved 33 __u8 res - reserved
26 __u16 len - size of attached to this header data. 34 __u16 len - size of data attached to this header data
27 union { 35 union {
28 __u8 id; - slave unique device id 36 __u8 id[8]; - slave unique device id
29 struct w1_mst { 37 struct w1_mst {
30 __u32 id; - master's id. 38 __u32 id; - master's id
31 __u32 res; - reserved 39 __u32 res; - reserved
32 } mst; 40 } mst;
33 } id; 41 } id;
34 42
35[strucrt w1_netlink_cmd] - command for gived master or slave device. 43[struct w1_netlink_cmd] - command for given master or slave device.
36 __u8 cmd - command opcode. 44 __u8 cmd - command opcode.
37 W1_CMD_READ - read command. 45 W1_CMD_READ - read command
38 W1_CMD_WRITE - write command. 46 W1_CMD_WRITE - write command
39 W1_CMD_SEARCH - search command. 47 W1_CMD_TOUCH - touch command
40 W1_CMD_ALARM_SEARCH - alarm search command. 48 (write and sample data back to userspace)
49 W1_CMD_SEARCH - search command
50 W1_CMD_ALARM_SEARCH - alarm search command
41 __u8 res - reserved 51 __u8 res - reserved
42 __u16 len - length of data for this command. 52 __u16 len - length of data for this command
43 For read command data must be allocated like for write command. 53 For read command data must be allocated like for write command
44 __u8 data[0] - data for this command. 54 __u8 data[0] - data for this command
45 55
46 56
47Each connector message can include one or more w1_netlink_msg with zero of more attached w1_netlink_cmd messages. 57Each connector message can include one or more w1_netlink_msg with
58zero or more attached w1_netlink_cmd messages.
48 59
49For event messages there are no w1_netlink_cmd embedded structures, only connector header 60For event messages there are no w1_netlink_cmd embedded structures,
50and w1_netlink_msg strucutre with "len" field being zero and filled type (one of event types) 61only connector header and w1_netlink_msg strucutre with "len" field
51and id - either 8 bytes of slave unique id in host order, or master's id, which is assigned 62being zero and filled type (one of event types) and id:
52to bus master device when it is added to w1 core. 63either 8 bytes of slave unique id in host order,
64or master's id, which is assigned to bus master device
65when it is added to w1 core.
66
67Currently replies to userspace commands are only generated for read
68command request. One reply is generated exactly for one w1_netlink_cmd
69read request. Replies are not combined when sent - i.e. typical reply
70messages looks like the following:
53 71
54Currently replies to userspace commands are only generated for read command request.
55One reply is generated exactly for one w1_netlink_cmd read request.
56Replies are not combined when sent - i.e. typical reply messages looks like the following:
57[cn_msg][w1_netlink_msg][w1_netlink_cmd] 72[cn_msg][w1_netlink_msg][w1_netlink_cmd]
58cn_msg.len = sizeof(struct w1_netlink_msg) + sizeof(struct w1_netlink_cmd) + cmd->len; 73cn_msg.len = sizeof(struct w1_netlink_msg) +
74 sizeof(struct w1_netlink_cmd) +
75 cmd->len;
59w1_netlink_msg.len = sizeof(struct w1_netlink_cmd) + cmd->len; 76w1_netlink_msg.len = sizeof(struct w1_netlink_cmd) + cmd->len;
60w1_netlink_cmd.len = cmd->len; 77w1_netlink_cmd.len = cmd->len;
61 78
79Replies to W1_LIST_MASTERS should send a message back to the userspace
80which will contain list of all registered master ids in the following
81format:
82
83 cn_msg (CN_W1_IDX.CN_W1_VAL as id, len is equal to sizeof(struct
84 w1_netlink_msg) plus number of masters multipled by 4)
85 w1_netlink_msg (type: W1_LIST_MASTERS, len is equal to
86 number of masters multiplied by 4 (u32 size))
87 id0 ... idN
88
89 Each message is at most 4k in size, so if number of master devices
90 exceeds this, it will be split into several messages,
91 cn.seq will be increased for each one.
92
93W1 search and alarm search commands.
94request:
95[cn_msg]
96 [w1_netlink_msg type = W1_MASTER_CMD
97 id is equal to the bus master id to use for searching]
98 [w1_netlink_cmd cmd = W1_CMD_SEARCH or W1_CMD_ALARM_SEARCH]
99
100reply:
101 [cn_msg, ack = 1 and increasing, 0 means the last message,
102 seq is equal to the request seq]
103 [w1_netlink_msg type = W1_MASTER_CMD]
104 [w1_netlink_cmd cmd = W1_CMD_SEARCH or W1_CMD_ALARM_SEARCH
105 len is equal to number of IDs multiplied by 8]
106 [64bit-id0 ... 64bit-idN]
107Length in each header corresponds to the size of the data behind it, so
108w1_netlink_cmd->len = N * 8; where N is number of IDs in this message.
109 Can be zero.
110w1_netlink_msg->len = sizeof(struct w1_netlink_cmd) + N * 8;
111cn_msg->len = sizeof(struct w1_netlink_msg) +
112 sizeof(struct w1_netlink_cmd) +
113 N*8;
114
115W1 reset command.
116[cn_msg]
117 [w1_netlink_msg type = W1_MASTER_CMD
118 id is equal to the bus master id to use for searching]
119 [w1_netlink_cmd cmd = W1_CMD_RESET]
120
121
122Command status replies.
123======================
124
125Each command (either root, master or slave with or without w1_netlink_cmd
126structure) will be 'acked' by the w1 core. Format of the reply is the same
127as request message except that length parameters do not account for data
128requested by the user, i.e. read/write/touch IO requests will not contain
129data, so w1_netlink_cmd.len will be 0, w1_netlink_msg.len will be size
130of the w1_netlink_cmd structure and cn_msg.len will be equal to the sum
131of the sizeof(struct w1_netlink_msg) and sizeof(struct w1_netlink_cmd).
132If reply is generated for master or root command (which do not have
133w1_netlink_cmd attached), reply will contain only cn_msg and w1_netlink_msg
134structires.
135
136w1_netlink_msg.status field will carry positive error value
137(EINVAL for example) or zero in case of success.
138
139All other fields in every structure will mirror the same parameters in the
140request message (except lengths as described above).
141
142Status reply is generated for every w1_netlink_cmd embedded in the
143w1_netlink_msg, if there are no w1_netlink_cmd structures,
144reply will be generated for the w1_netlink_msg.
145
146All w1_netlink_cmd command structures are handled in every w1_netlink_msg,
147even if there were errors, only length mismatch interrupts message processing.
148
62 149
63Operation steps in w1 core when new command is received. 150Operation steps in w1 core when new command is received.
64======================================================= 151=======================================================
65 152
66When new message (w1_netlink_msg) is received w1 core detects if it is master of slave request, 153When new message (w1_netlink_msg) is received w1 core detects if it is
67according to w1_netlink_msg.type field. 154master or slave request, according to w1_netlink_msg.type field.
68Then master or slave device is searched for. 155Then master or slave device is searched for.
69When found, master device (requested or those one on where slave device is found) is locked. 156When found, master device (requested or those one on where slave device
70If slave command is requested, then reset/select procedure is started to select given device. 157is found) is locked. If slave command is requested, then reset/select
158procedure is started to select given device.
71 159
72Then all requested in w1_netlink_msg operations are performed one by one. 160Then all requested in w1_netlink_msg operations are performed one by one.
73If command requires reply (like read command) it is sent on command completion. 161If command requires reply (like read command) it is sent on command completion.
@@ -82,8 +170,8 @@ Connector [1] specific documentation.
82Each connector message includes two u32 fields as "address". 170Each connector message includes two u32 fields as "address".
83w1 uses CN_W1_IDX and CN_W1_VAL defined in include/linux/connector.h header. 171w1 uses CN_W1_IDX and CN_W1_VAL defined in include/linux/connector.h header.
84Each message also includes sequence and acknowledge numbers. 172Each message also includes sequence and acknowledge numbers.
85Sequence number for event messages is appropriate bus master sequence number increased with 173Sequence number for event messages is appropriate bus master sequence number
86each event message sent "through" this master. 174increased with each event message sent "through" this master.
87Sequence number for userspace requests is set by userspace application. 175Sequence number for userspace requests is set by userspace application.
88Sequence number for reply is the same as was in request, and 176Sequence number for reply is the same as was in request, and
89acknowledge number is set to seq+1. 177acknowledge number is set to seq+1.
@@ -93,6 +181,6 @@ Additional documantion, source code examples.
93============================================ 181============================================
94 182
951. Documentation/connector 1831. Documentation/connector
962. http://tservice.net.ru/~s0mbre/archive/w1 1842. http://www.ioremap.net/archive/w1
97This archive includes userspace application w1d.c which 185This archive includes userspace application w1d.c which uses
98uses read/write/search commands for all master/slave devices found on the bus. 186read/write/search commands for all master/slave devices found on the bus.
diff --git a/Documentation/wimax/README.i2400m b/Documentation/wimax/README.i2400m
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..7dffd8919cb0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/wimax/README.i2400m
@@ -0,0 +1,260 @@
1
2 Driver for the Intel Wireless Wimax Connection 2400m
3
4 (C) 2008 Intel Corporation < linux-wimax@intel.com >
5
6 This provides a driver for the Intel Wireless WiMAX Connection 2400m
7 and a basic Linux kernel WiMAX stack.
8
91. Requirements
10
11 * Linux installation with Linux kernel 2.6.22 or newer (if building
12 from a separate tree)
13 * Intel i2400m Echo Peak or Baxter Peak; this includes the Intel
14 Wireless WiMAX/WiFi Link 5x50 series.
15 * build tools:
16 + Linux kernel development package for the target kernel; to
17 build against your currently running kernel, you need to have
18 the kernel development package corresponding to the running
19 image installed (usually if your kernel is named
20 linux-VERSION, the development package is called
21 linux-dev-VERSION or linux-headers-VERSION).
22 + GNU C Compiler, make
23
242. Compilation and installation
25
262.1. Compilation of the drivers included in the kernel
27
28 Configure the kernel; to enable the WiMAX drivers select Drivers >
29 Networking Drivers > WiMAX device support. Enable all of them as
30 modules (easier).
31
32 If USB or SDIO are not enabled in the kernel configuration, the options
33 to build the i2400m USB or SDIO drivers will not show. Enable said
34 subsystems and go back to the WiMAX menu to enable the drivers.
35
36 Compile and install your kernel as usual.
37
382.2. Compilation of the drivers distributed as an standalone module
39
40 To compile
41
42$ cd source/directory
43$ make
44
45 Once built you can load and unload using the provided load.sh script;
46 load.sh will load the modules, load.sh u will unload them.
47
48 To install in the default kernel directories (and enable auto loading
49 when the device is plugged):
50
51$ make install
52$ depmod -a
53
54 If your kernel development files are located in a non standard
55 directory or if you want to build for a kernel that is not the
56 currently running one, set KDIR to the right location:
57
58$ make KDIR=/path/to/kernel/dev/tree
59
60 For more information, please contact linux-wimax@intel.com.
61
623. Installing the firmware
63
64 The firmware can be obtained from http://linuxwimax.org or might have
65 been supplied with your hardware.
66
67 It has to be installed in the target system:
68 *
69$ cp FIRMWAREFILE.sbcf /lib/firmware/i2400m-fw-BUSTYPE-1.3.sbcf
70
71 * NOTE: if your firmware came in an .rpm or .deb file, just install
72 it as normal, with the rpm (rpm -i FIRMWARE.rpm) or dpkg
73 (dpkg -i FIRMWARE.deb) commands. No further action is needed.
74 * BUSTYPE will be usb or sdio, depending on the hardware you have.
75 Each hardware type comes with its own firmware and will not work
76 with other types.
77
784. Design
79
80 This package contains two major parts: a WiMAX kernel stack and a
81 driver for the Intel i2400m.
82
83 The WiMAX stack is designed to provide for common WiMAX control
84 services to current and future WiMAX devices from any vendor; please
85 see README.wimax for details.
86
87 The i2400m kernel driver is broken up in two main parts: the bus
88 generic driver and the bus-specific drivers. The bus generic driver
89 forms the drivercore and contain no knowledge of the actual method we
90 use to connect to the device. The bus specific drivers are just the
91 glue to connect the bus-generic driver and the device. Currently only
92 USB and SDIO are supported. See drivers/net/wimax/i2400m/i2400m.h for
93 more information.
94
95 The bus generic driver is logically broken up in two parts: OS-glue and
96 hardware-glue. The OS-glue interfaces with Linux. The hardware-glue
97 interfaces with the device on using an interface provided by the
98 bus-specific driver. The reason for this breakup is to be able to
99 easily reuse the hardware-glue to write drivers for other OSes; note
100 the hardware glue part is written as a native Linux driver; no
101 abstraction layers are used, so to port to another OS, the Linux kernel
102 API calls should be replaced with the target OS's.
103
1045. Usage
105
106 To load the driver, follow the instructions in the install section;
107 once the driver is loaded, plug in the device (unless it is permanently
108 plugged in). The driver will enumerate the device, upload the firmware
109 and output messages in the kernel log (dmesg, /var/log/messages or
110 /var/log/kern.log) such as:
111
112...
113i2400m_usb 5-4:1.0: firmware interface version 8.0.0
114i2400m_usb 5-4:1.0: WiMAX interface wmx0 (00:1d:e1:01:94:2c) ready
115
116 At this point the device is ready to work.
117
118 Current versions require the Intel WiMAX Network Service in userspace
119 to make things work. See the network service's README for instructions
120 on how to scan, connect and disconnect.
121
1225.1. Module parameters
123
124 Module parameters can be set at kernel or module load time or by
125 echoing values:
126
127$ echo VALUE > /sys/module/MODULENAME/parameters/PARAMETERNAME
128
129 To make changes permanent, for example, for the i2400m module, you can
130 also create a file named /etc/modprobe.d/i2400m containing:
131
132options i2400m idle_mode_disabled=1
133
134 To find which parameters are supported by a module, run:
135
136$ modinfo path/to/module.ko
137
138 During kernel bootup (if the driver is linked in the kernel), specify
139 the following to the kernel command line:
140
141i2400m.PARAMETER=VALUE
142
1435.1.1. i2400m: idle_mode_disabled
144
145 The i2400m module supports a parameter to disable idle mode. This
146 parameter, once set, will take effect only when the device is
147 reinitialized by the driver (eg: following a reset or a reconnect).
148
1495.2. Debug operations: debugfs entries
150
151 The driver will register debugfs entries that allow the user to tweak
152 debug settings. There are three main container directories where
153 entries are placed, which correspond to the three blocks a i2400m WiMAX
154 driver has:
155 * /sys/kernel/debug/wimax:DEVNAME/ for the generic WiMAX stack
156 controls
157 * /sys/kernel/debug/wimax:DEVNAME/i2400m for the i2400m generic
158 driver controls
159 * /sys/kernel/debug/wimax:DEVNAME/i2400m-usb (or -sdio) for the
160 bus-specific i2400m-usb or i2400m-sdio controls).
161
162 Of course, if debugfs is mounted in a directory other than
163 /sys/kernel/debug, those paths will change.
164
1655.2.1. Increasing debug output
166
167 The files named *dl_* indicate knobs for controlling the debug output
168 of different submodules:
169 *
170# find /sys/kernel/debug/wimax\:wmx0 -name \*dl_\*
171/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/i2400m-usb/dl_tx
172/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/i2400m-usb/dl_rx
173/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/i2400m-usb/dl_notif
174/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/i2400m-usb/dl_fw
175/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/i2400m-usb/dl_usb
176/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/i2400m/dl_tx
177/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/i2400m/dl_rx
178/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/i2400m/dl_rfkill
179/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/i2400m/dl_netdev
180/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/i2400m/dl_fw
181/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/i2400m/dl_debugfs
182/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/i2400m/dl_driver
183/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/i2400m/dl_control
184/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/wimax_dl_stack
185/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/wimax_dl_op_rfkill
186/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/wimax_dl_op_reset
187/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/wimax_dl_op_msg
188/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/wimax_dl_id_table
189/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/wimax_dl_debugfs
190
191 By reading the file you can obtain the current value of said debug
192 level; by writing to it, you can set it.
193
194 To increase the debug level of, for example, the i2400m's generic TX
195 engine, just write:
196
197$ echo 3 > /sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/i2400m/dl_tx
198
199 Increasing numbers yield increasing debug information; for details of
200 what is printed and the available levels, check the source. The code
201 uses 0 for disabled and increasing values until 8.
202
2035.2.2. RX and TX statistics
204
205 The i2400m/rx_stats and i2400m/tx_stats provide statistics about the
206 data reception/delivery from the device:
207
208$ cat /sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/i2400m/rx_stats
20945 1 3 34 3104 48 480
210
211 The numbers reported are
212 * packets/RX-buffer: total, min, max
213 * RX-buffers: total RX buffers received, accumulated RX buffer size
214 in bytes, min size received, max size received
215
216 Thus, to find the average buffer size received, divide accumulated
217 RX-buffer / total RX-buffers.
218
219 To clear the statistics back to 0, write anything to the rx_stats file:
220
221$ echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/i2400m_rx_stats
222
223 Likewise for TX.
224
225 Note the packets this debug file refers to are not network packet, but
226 packets in the sense of the device-specific protocol for communication
227 to the host. See drivers/net/wimax/i2400m/tx.c.
228
2295.2.3. Tracing messages received from user space
230
231 To echo messages received from user space into the trace pipe that the
232 i2400m driver creates, set the debug file i2400m/trace_msg_from_user to
233 1:
234 *
235$ echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/i2400m/trace_msg_from_user
236
2375.2.4. Performing a device reset
238
239 By writing a 0, a 1 or a 2 to the file
240 /sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/reset, the driver performs a warm (without
241 disconnecting from the bus), cold (disconnecting from the bus) or bus
242 (bus specific) reset on the device.
243
2445.2.5. Asking the device to enter power saving mode
245
246 By writing any value to the /sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0 file, the
247 device will attempt to enter power saving mode.
248
2496. Troubleshooting
250
2516.1. Driver complains about 'i2400m-fw-usb-1.2.sbcf: request failed'
252
253 If upon connecting the device, the following is output in the kernel
254 log:
255
256i2400m_usb 5-4:1.0: fw i2400m-fw-usb-1.3.sbcf: request failed: -2
257
258 This means that the driver cannot locate the firmware file named
259 /lib/firmware/i2400m-fw-usb-1.2.sbcf. Check that the file is present in
260 the right location.
diff --git a/Documentation/wimax/README.wimax b/Documentation/wimax/README.wimax
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b78c4378084e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/wimax/README.wimax
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
1
2 Linux kernel WiMAX stack
3
4 (C) 2008 Intel Corporation < linux-wimax@intel.com >
5
6 This provides a basic Linux kernel WiMAX stack to provide a common
7 control API for WiMAX devices, usable from kernel and user space.
8
91. Design
10
11 The WiMAX stack is designed to provide for common WiMAX control
12 services to current and future WiMAX devices from any vendor.
13
14 Because currently there is only one and we don't know what would be the
15 common services, the APIs it currently provides are very minimal.
16 However, it is done in such a way that it is easily extensible to
17 accommodate future requirements.
18
19 The stack works by embedding a struct wimax_dev in your device's
20 control structures. This provides a set of callbacks that the WiMAX
21 stack will call in order to implement control operations requested by
22 the user. As well, the stack provides API functions that the driver
23 calls to notify about changes of state in the device.
24
25 The stack exports the API calls needed to control the device to user
26 space using generic netlink as a marshalling mechanism. You can access
27 them using your own code or use the wrappers provided for your
28 convenience in libwimax (in the wimax-tools package).
29
30 For detailed information on the stack, please see
31 include/linux/wimax.h.
32
332. Usage
34
35 For usage in a driver (registration, API, etc) please refer to the
36 instructions in the header file include/linux/wimax.h.
37
38 When a device is registered with the WiMAX stack, a set of debugfs
39 files will appear in /sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmxX can tweak for
40 control.
41
422.1. Obtaining debug information: debugfs entries
43
44 The WiMAX stack is compiled, by default, with debug messages that can
45 be used to diagnose issues. By default, said messages are disabled.
46
47 The drivers will register debugfs entries that allow the user to tweak
48 debug settings.
49
50 Each driver, when registering with the stack, will cause a debugfs
51 directory named wimax:DEVICENAME to be created; optionally, it might
52 create more subentries below it.
53
542.1.1. Increasing debug output
55
56 The files named *dl_* indicate knobs for controlling the debug output
57 of different submodules of the WiMAX stack:
58 *
59# find /sys/kernel/debug/wimax\:wmx0 -name \*dl_\*
60/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/wimax_dl_stack
61/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/wimax_dl_op_rfkill
62/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/wimax_dl_op_reset
63/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/wimax_dl_op_msg
64/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/wimax_dl_id_table
65/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/wimax_dl_debugfs
66/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/.... # other driver specific files
67
68 NOTE: Of course, if debugfs is mounted in a directory other than
69 /sys/kernel/debug, those paths will change.
70
71 By reading the file you can obtain the current value of said debug
72 level; by writing to it, you can set it.
73
74 To increase the debug level of, for example, the id-table submodule,
75 just write:
76
77$ echo 3 > /sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/wimax_dl_id_table
78
79 Increasing numbers yield increasing debug information; for details of
80 what is printed and the available levels, check the source. The code
81 uses 0 for disabled and increasing values until 8.
diff --git a/Documentation/x86/zero-page.txt b/Documentation/x86/zero-page.txt
index 169ad423a3d1..4f913857b8a2 100644
--- a/Documentation/x86/zero-page.txt
+++ b/Documentation/x86/zero-page.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ protocol of kernel. These should be filled by bootloader or 16-bit
3real-mode setup code of the kernel. References/settings to it mainly 3real-mode setup code of the kernel. References/settings to it mainly
4are in: 4are in:
5 5
6 include/asm-x86/bootparam.h 6 arch/x86/include/asm/bootparam.h
7 7
8 8
9Offset Proto Name Meaning 9Offset Proto Name Meaning