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-rw-r--r--Documentation/block/biodoc.txt113
-rw-r--r--Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt496
-rw-r--r--Documentation/networking/bonding.txt5
3 files changed, 315 insertions, 299 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/block/biodoc.txt b/Documentation/block/biodoc.txt
index 6dd274d7e1cf..2d65c2182161 100644
--- a/Documentation/block/biodoc.txt
+++ b/Documentation/block/biodoc.txt
@@ -906,9 +906,20 @@ Aside:
906 906
907 907
9084. The I/O scheduler 9084. The I/O scheduler
909I/O schedulers are now per queue. They should be runtime switchable and modular 909I/O scheduler, a.k.a. elevator, is implemented in two layers. Generic dispatch
910but aren't yet. Jens has most bits to do this, but the sysfs implementation is 910queue and specific I/O schedulers. Unless stated otherwise, elevator is used
911missing. 911to refer to both parts and I/O scheduler to specific I/O schedulers.
912
913Block layer implements generic dispatch queue in ll_rw_blk.c and elevator.c.
914The generic dispatch queue is responsible for properly ordering barrier
915requests, requeueing, handling non-fs requests and all other subtleties.
916
917Specific I/O schedulers are responsible for ordering normal filesystem
918requests. They can also choose to delay certain requests to improve
919throughput or whatever purpose. As the plural form indicates, there are
920multiple I/O schedulers. They can be built as modules but at least one should
921be built inside the kernel. Each queue can choose different one and can also
922change to another one dynamically.
912 923
913A block layer call to the i/o scheduler follows the convention elv_xxx(). This 924A block layer call to the i/o scheduler follows the convention elv_xxx(). This
914calls elevator_xxx_fn in the elevator switch (drivers/block/elevator.c). Oh, 925calls elevator_xxx_fn in the elevator switch (drivers/block/elevator.c). Oh,
@@ -921,44 +932,36 @@ keeping work.
921The functions an elevator may implement are: (* are mandatory) 932The functions an elevator may implement are: (* are mandatory)
922elevator_merge_fn called to query requests for merge with a bio 933elevator_merge_fn called to query requests for merge with a bio
923 934
924elevator_merge_req_fn " " " with another request 935elevator_merge_req_fn called when two requests get merged. the one
936 which gets merged into the other one will be
937 never seen by I/O scheduler again. IOW, after
938 being merged, the request is gone.
925 939
926elevator_merged_fn called when a request in the scheduler has been 940elevator_merged_fn called when a request in the scheduler has been
927 involved in a merge. It is used in the deadline 941 involved in a merge. It is used in the deadline
928 scheduler for example, to reposition the request 942 scheduler for example, to reposition the request
929 if its sorting order has changed. 943 if its sorting order has changed.
930 944
931*elevator_next_req_fn returns the next scheduled request, or NULL 945elevator_dispatch_fn fills the dispatch queue with ready requests.
932 if there are none (or none are ready). 946 I/O schedulers are free to postpone requests by
947 not filling the dispatch queue unless @force
948 is non-zero. Once dispatched, I/O schedulers
949 are not allowed to manipulate the requests -
950 they belong to generic dispatch queue.
933 951
934*elevator_add_req_fn called to add a new request into the scheduler 952elevator_add_req_fn called to add a new request into the scheduler
935 953
936elevator_queue_empty_fn returns true if the merge queue is empty. 954elevator_queue_empty_fn returns true if the merge queue is empty.
937 Drivers shouldn't use this, but rather check 955 Drivers shouldn't use this, but rather check
938 if elv_next_request is NULL (without losing the 956 if elv_next_request is NULL (without losing the
939 request if one exists!) 957 request if one exists!)
940 958
941elevator_remove_req_fn This is called when a driver claims ownership of
942 the target request - it now belongs to the
943 driver. It must not be modified or merged.
944 Drivers must not lose the request! A subsequent
945 call of elevator_next_req_fn must return the
946 _next_ request.
947
948elevator_requeue_req_fn called to add a request to the scheduler. This
949 is used when the request has alrnadebeen
950 returned by elv_next_request, but hasn't
951 completed. If this is not implemented then
952 elevator_add_req_fn is called instead.
953
954elevator_former_req_fn 959elevator_former_req_fn
955elevator_latter_req_fn These return the request before or after the 960elevator_latter_req_fn These return the request before or after the
956 one specified in disk sort order. Used by the 961 one specified in disk sort order. Used by the
957 block layer to find merge possibilities. 962 block layer to find merge possibilities.
958 963
959elevator_completed_req_fn called when a request is completed. This might 964elevator_completed_req_fn called when a request is completed.
960 come about due to being merged with another or
961 when the device completes the request.
962 965
963elevator_may_queue_fn returns true if the scheduler wants to allow the 966elevator_may_queue_fn returns true if the scheduler wants to allow the
964 current context to queue a new request even if 967 current context to queue a new request even if
@@ -967,13 +970,33 @@ elevator_may_queue_fn returns true if the scheduler wants to allow the
967 970
968elevator_set_req_fn 971elevator_set_req_fn
969elevator_put_req_fn Must be used to allocate and free any elevator 972elevator_put_req_fn Must be used to allocate and free any elevator
970 specific storate for a request. 973 specific storage for a request.
974
975elevator_activate_req_fn Called when device driver first sees a request.
976 I/O schedulers can use this callback to
977 determine when actual execution of a request
978 starts.
979elevator_deactivate_req_fn Called when device driver decides to delay
980 a request by requeueing it.
971 981
972elevator_init_fn 982elevator_init_fn
973elevator_exit_fn Allocate and free any elevator specific storage 983elevator_exit_fn Allocate and free any elevator specific storage
974 for a queue. 984 for a queue.
975 985
9764.2 I/O scheduler implementation 9864.2 Request flows seen by I/O schedulers
987All requests seens by I/O schedulers strictly follow one of the following three
988flows.
989
990 set_req_fn ->
991
992 i. add_req_fn -> (merged_fn ->)* -> dispatch_fn -> activate_req_fn ->
993 (deactivate_req_fn -> activate_req_fn ->)* -> completed_req_fn
994 ii. add_req_fn -> (merged_fn ->)* -> merge_req_fn
995 iii. [none]
996
997 -> put_req_fn
998
9994.3 I/O scheduler implementation
977The generic i/o scheduler algorithm attempts to sort/merge/batch requests for 1000The generic i/o scheduler algorithm attempts to sort/merge/batch requests for
978optimal disk scan and request servicing performance (based on generic 1001optimal disk scan and request servicing performance (based on generic
979principles and device capabilities), optimized for: 1002principles and device capabilities), optimized for:
@@ -993,18 +1016,7 @@ request in sort order to prevent binary tree lookups.
993This arrangement is not a generic block layer characteristic however, so 1016This arrangement is not a generic block layer characteristic however, so
994elevators may implement queues as they please. 1017elevators may implement queues as they please.
995 1018
996ii. Last merge hint 1019ii. Merge hash
997The last merge hint is part of the generic queue layer. I/O schedulers must do
998some management on it. For the most part, the most important thing is to make
999sure q->last_merge is cleared (set to NULL) when the request on it is no longer
1000a candidate for merging (for example if it has been sent to the driver).
1001
1002The last merge performed is cached as a hint for the subsequent request. If
1003sequential data is being submitted, the hint is used to perform merges without
1004any scanning. This is not sufficient when there are multiple processes doing
1005I/O though, so a "merge hash" is used by some schedulers.
1006
1007iii. Merge hash
1008AS and deadline use a hash table indexed by the last sector of a request. This 1020AS and deadline use a hash table indexed by the last sector of a request. This
1009enables merging code to quickly look up "back merge" candidates, even when 1021enables merging code to quickly look up "back merge" candidates, even when
1010multiple I/O streams are being performed at once on one disk. 1022multiple I/O streams are being performed at once on one disk.
@@ -1013,29 +1025,8 @@ multiple I/O streams are being performed at once on one disk.
1013are far less common than "back merges" due to the nature of most I/O patterns. 1025are far less common than "back merges" due to the nature of most I/O patterns.
1014Front merges are handled by the binary trees in AS and deadline schedulers. 1026Front merges are handled by the binary trees in AS and deadline schedulers.
1015 1027
1016iv. Handling barrier cases 1028iii. Plugging the queue to batch requests in anticipation of opportunities for
1017A request with flags REQ_HARDBARRIER or REQ_SOFTBARRIER must not be ordered 1029 merge/sort optimizations
1018around. That is, they must be processed after all older requests, and before
1019any newer ones. This includes merges!
1020
1021In AS and deadline schedulers, barriers have the effect of flushing the reorder
1022queue. The performance cost of this will vary from nothing to a lot depending
1023on i/o patterns and device characteristics. Obviously they won't improve
1024performance, so their use should be kept to a minimum.
1025
1026v. Handling insertion position directives
1027A request may be inserted with a position directive. The directives are one of
1028ELEVATOR_INSERT_BACK, ELEVATOR_INSERT_FRONT, ELEVATOR_INSERT_SORT.
1029
1030ELEVATOR_INSERT_SORT is a general directive for non-barrier requests.
1031ELEVATOR_INSERT_BACK is used to insert a barrier to the back of the queue.
1032ELEVATOR_INSERT_FRONT is used to insert a barrier to the front of the queue, and
1033overrides the ordering requested by any previous barriers. In practice this is
1034harmless and required, because it is used for SCSI requeueing. This does not
1035require flushing the reorder queue, so does not impose a performance penalty.
1036
1037vi. Plugging the queue to batch requests in anticipation of opportunities for
1038 merge/sort optimizations
1039 1030
1040This is just the same as in 2.4 so far, though per-device unplugging 1031This is just the same as in 2.4 so far, though per-device unplugging
1041support is anticipated for 2.5. Also with a priority-based i/o scheduler, 1032support is anticipated for 2.5. Also with a priority-based i/o scheduler,
@@ -1069,7 +1060,7 @@ Aside:
1069 blk_kick_queue() to unplug a specific queue (right away ?) 1060 blk_kick_queue() to unplug a specific queue (right away ?)
1070 or optionally, all queues, is in the plan. 1061 or optionally, all queues, is in the plan.
1071 1062
10724.3 I/O contexts 10634.4 I/O contexts
1073I/O contexts provide a dynamically allocated per process data area. They may 1064I/O contexts provide a dynamically allocated per process data area. They may
1074be used in I/O schedulers, and in the block layer (could be used for IO statis, 1065be used in I/O schedulers, and in the block layer (could be used for IO statis,
1075priorities for example). See *io_context in drivers/block/ll_rw_blk.c, and 1066priorities for example). See *io_context in drivers/block/ll_rw_blk.c, and
diff --git a/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt b/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
index 7086f0a90d14..971589a9752d 100644
--- a/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
+++ b/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ are specified on the kernel command line with the module name plus
17 17
18 usbcore.blinkenlights=1 18 usbcore.blinkenlights=1
19 19
20The text in square brackets at the beginning of the description state the 20The text in square brackets at the beginning of the description states the
21restrictions on the kernel for the said kernel parameter to be valid. The 21restrictions on the kernel for the said kernel parameter to be valid. The
22restrictions referred to are that the relevant option is valid if: 22restrictions referred to are that the relevant option is valid if:
23 23
@@ -27,8 +27,8 @@ restrictions referred to are that the relevant option is valid if:
27 APM Advanced Power Management support is enabled. 27 APM Advanced Power Management support is enabled.
28 AX25 Appropriate AX.25 support is enabled. 28 AX25 Appropriate AX.25 support is enabled.
29 CD Appropriate CD support is enabled. 29 CD Appropriate CD support is enabled.
30 DEVFS devfs support is enabled. 30 DEVFS devfs support is enabled.
31 DRM Direct Rendering Management support is enabled. 31 DRM Direct Rendering Management support is enabled.
32 EDD BIOS Enhanced Disk Drive Services (EDD) is enabled 32 EDD BIOS Enhanced Disk Drive Services (EDD) is enabled
33 EFI EFI Partitioning (GPT) is enabled 33 EFI EFI Partitioning (GPT) is enabled
34 EIDE EIDE/ATAPI support is enabled. 34 EIDE EIDE/ATAPI support is enabled.
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ restrictions referred to are that the relevant option is valid if:
71 SERIAL Serial support is enabled. 71 SERIAL Serial support is enabled.
72 SMP The kernel is an SMP kernel. 72 SMP The kernel is an SMP kernel.
73 SPARC Sparc architecture is enabled. 73 SPARC Sparc architecture is enabled.
74 SWSUSP Software suspension is enabled. 74 SWSUSP Software suspend is enabled.
75 TS Appropriate touchscreen support is enabled. 75 TS Appropriate touchscreen support is enabled.
76 USB USB support is enabled. 76 USB USB support is enabled.
77 USBHID USB Human Interface Device support is enabled. 77 USBHID USB Human Interface Device support is enabled.
@@ -105,13 +105,13 @@ running once the system is up.
105 See header of drivers/scsi/53c7xx.c. 105 See header of drivers/scsi/53c7xx.c.
106 See also Documentation/scsi/ncr53c7xx.txt. 106 See also Documentation/scsi/ncr53c7xx.txt.
107 107
108 acpi= [HW,ACPI] Advanced Configuration and Power Interface 108 acpi= [HW,ACPI] Advanced Configuration and Power Interface
109 Format: { force | off | ht | strict } 109 Format: { force | off | ht | strict | noirq }
110 force -- enable ACPI if default was off 110 force -- enable ACPI if default was off
111 off -- disable ACPI if default was on 111 off -- disable ACPI if default was on
112 noirq -- do not use ACPI for IRQ routing 112 noirq -- do not use ACPI for IRQ routing
113 ht -- run only enough ACPI to enable Hyper Threading 113 ht -- run only enough ACPI to enable Hyper Threading
114 strict -- Be less tolerant of platforms that are not 114 strict -- Be less tolerant of platforms that are not
115 strictly ACPI specification compliant. 115 strictly ACPI specification compliant.
116 116
117 See also Documentation/pm.txt, pci=noacpi 117 See also Documentation/pm.txt, pci=noacpi
@@ -119,20 +119,23 @@ running once the system is up.
119 acpi_sleep= [HW,ACPI] Sleep options 119 acpi_sleep= [HW,ACPI] Sleep options
120 Format: { s3_bios, s3_mode } 120 Format: { s3_bios, s3_mode }
121 See Documentation/power/video.txt 121 See Documentation/power/video.txt
122 122
123 acpi_sci= [HW,ACPI] ACPI System Control Interrupt trigger mode 123 acpi_sci= [HW,ACPI] ACPI System Control Interrupt trigger mode
124 Format: { level | edge | high | low } 124 Format: { level | edge | high | low }
125 125
126 acpi_irq_balance [HW,ACPI] ACPI will balance active IRQs 126 acpi_irq_balance [HW,ACPI]
127 default in APIC mode 127 ACPI will balance active IRQs
128 default in APIC mode
128 129
129 acpi_irq_nobalance [HW,ACPI] ACPI will not move active IRQs (default) 130 acpi_irq_nobalance [HW,ACPI]
130 default in PIC mode 131 ACPI will not move active IRQs (default)
132 default in PIC mode
131 133
132 acpi_irq_pci= [HW,ACPI] If irq_balance, Clear listed IRQs for use by PCI 134 acpi_irq_pci= [HW,ACPI] If irq_balance, clear listed IRQs for
135 use by PCI
133 Format: <irq>,<irq>... 136 Format: <irq>,<irq>...
134 137
135 acpi_irq_isa= [HW,ACPI] If irq_balance, Mark listed IRQs used by ISA 138 acpi_irq_isa= [HW,ACPI] If irq_balance, mark listed IRQs used by ISA
136 Format: <irq>,<irq>... 139 Format: <irq>,<irq>...
137 140
138 acpi_osi= [HW,ACPI] empty param disables _OSI 141 acpi_osi= [HW,ACPI] empty param disables _OSI
@@ -145,14 +148,14 @@ running once the system is up.
145 148
146 acpi_dbg_layer= [HW,ACPI] 149 acpi_dbg_layer= [HW,ACPI]
147 Format: <int> 150 Format: <int>
148 Each bit of the <int> indicates an acpi debug layer, 151 Each bit of the <int> indicates an ACPI debug layer,
149 1: enable, 0: disable. It is useful for boot time 152 1: enable, 0: disable. It is useful for boot time
150 debugging. After system has booted up, it can be set 153 debugging. After system has booted up, it can be set
151 via /proc/acpi/debug_layer. 154 via /proc/acpi/debug_layer.
152 155
153 acpi_dbg_level= [HW,ACPI] 156 acpi_dbg_level= [HW,ACPI]
154 Format: <int> 157 Format: <int>
155 Each bit of the <int> indicates an acpi debug level, 158 Each bit of the <int> indicates an ACPI debug level,
156 1: enable, 0: disable. It is useful for boot time 159 1: enable, 0: disable. It is useful for boot time
157 debugging. After system has booted up, it can be set 160 debugging. After system has booted up, it can be set
158 via /proc/acpi/debug_level. 161 via /proc/acpi/debug_level.
@@ -161,12 +164,13 @@ running once the system is up.
161 164
162 acpi_generic_hotkey [HW,ACPI] 165 acpi_generic_hotkey [HW,ACPI]
163 Allow consolidated generic hotkey driver to 166 Allow consolidated generic hotkey driver to
164 over-ride platform specific driver. 167 override platform specific driver.
165 See also Documentation/acpi-hotkey.txt. 168 See also Documentation/acpi-hotkey.txt.
166 169
167 enable_timer_pin_1 [i386,x86-64] 170 enable_timer_pin_1 [i386,x86-64]
168 Enable PIN 1 of APIC timer 171 Enable PIN 1 of APIC timer
169 Can be useful to work around chipset bugs (in particular on some ATI chipsets) 172 Can be useful to work around chipset bugs
173 (in particular on some ATI chipsets).
170 The kernel tries to set a reasonable default. 174 The kernel tries to set a reasonable default.
171 175
172 disable_timer_pin_1 [i386,x86-64] 176 disable_timer_pin_1 [i386,x86-64]
@@ -182,7 +186,7 @@ running once the system is up.
182 186
183 adlib= [HW,OSS] 187 adlib= [HW,OSS]
184 Format: <io> 188 Format: <io>
185 189
186 advansys= [HW,SCSI] 190 advansys= [HW,SCSI]
187 See header of drivers/scsi/advansys.c. 191 See header of drivers/scsi/advansys.c.
188 192
@@ -192,7 +196,7 @@ running once the system is up.
192 aedsp16= [HW,OSS] Audio Excel DSP 16 196 aedsp16= [HW,OSS] Audio Excel DSP 16
193 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<mss_io>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq> 197 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<mss_io>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
194 See also header of sound/oss/aedsp16.c. 198 See also header of sound/oss/aedsp16.c.
195 199
196 aha152x= [HW,SCSI] 200 aha152x= [HW,SCSI]
197 See Documentation/scsi/aha152x.txt. 201 See Documentation/scsi/aha152x.txt.
198 202
@@ -205,10 +209,6 @@ running once the system is up.
205 aic79xx= [HW,SCSI] 209 aic79xx= [HW,SCSI]
206 See Documentation/scsi/aic79xx.txt. 210 See Documentation/scsi/aic79xx.txt.
207 211
208 AM53C974= [HW,SCSI]
209 Format: <host-scsi-id>,<target-scsi-id>,<max-rate>,<max-offset>
210 See also header of drivers/scsi/AM53C974.c.
211
212 amijoy.map= [HW,JOY] Amiga joystick support 212 amijoy.map= [HW,JOY] Amiga joystick support
213 Map of devices attached to JOY0DAT and JOY1DAT 213 Map of devices attached to JOY0DAT and JOY1DAT
214 Format: <a>,<b> 214 Format: <a>,<b>
@@ -219,23 +219,24 @@ running once the system is up.
219 connected to one of 16 gameports 219 connected to one of 16 gameports
220 Format: <type1>,<type2>,..<type16> 220 Format: <type1>,<type2>,..<type16>
221 221
222 apc= [HW,SPARC] Power management functions (SPARCstation-4/5 + deriv.) 222 apc= [HW,SPARC]
223 Power management functions (SPARCstation-4/5 + deriv.)
223 Format: noidle 224 Format: noidle
224 Disable APC CPU standby support. SPARCstation-Fox does 225 Disable APC CPU standby support. SPARCstation-Fox does
225 not play well with APC CPU idle - disable it if you have 226 not play well with APC CPU idle - disable it if you have
226 APC and your system crashes randomly. 227 APC and your system crashes randomly.
227 228
228 apic= [APIC,i386] Change the output verbosity whilst booting 229 apic= [APIC,i386] Change the output verbosity whilst booting
229 Format: { quiet (default) | verbose | debug } 230 Format: { quiet (default) | verbose | debug }
230 Change the amount of debugging information output 231 Change the amount of debugging information output
231 when initialising the APIC and IO-APIC components. 232 when initialising the APIC and IO-APIC components.
232 233
233 apm= [APM] Advanced Power Management 234 apm= [APM] Advanced Power Management
234 See header of arch/i386/kernel/apm.c. 235 See header of arch/i386/kernel/apm.c.
235 236
236 applicom= [HW] 237 applicom= [HW]
237 Format: <mem>,<irq> 238 Format: <mem>,<irq>
238 239
239 arcrimi= [HW,NET] ARCnet - "RIM I" (entirely mem-mapped) cards 240 arcrimi= [HW,NET] ARCnet - "RIM I" (entirely mem-mapped) cards
240 Format: <io>,<irq>,<nodeID> 241 Format: <io>,<irq>,<nodeID>
241 242
@@ -250,38 +251,40 @@ running once the system is up.
250 251
251 atkbd.reset= [HW] Reset keyboard during initialization 252 atkbd.reset= [HW] Reset keyboard during initialization
252 253
253 atkbd.set= [HW] Select keyboard code set 254 atkbd.set= [HW] Select keyboard code set
254 Format: <int> (2 = AT (default) 3 = PS/2) 255 Format: <int> (2 = AT (default), 3 = PS/2)
255 256
256 atkbd.scroll= [HW] Enable scroll wheel on MS Office and similar 257 atkbd.scroll= [HW] Enable scroll wheel on MS Office and similar
257 keyboards 258 keyboards
258 259
259 atkbd.softraw= [HW] Choose between synthetic and real raw mode 260 atkbd.softraw= [HW] Choose between synthetic and real raw mode
260 Format: <bool> (0 = real, 1 = synthetic (default)) 261 Format: <bool> (0 = real, 1 = synthetic (default))
261 262
262 atkbd.softrepeat= 263 atkbd.softrepeat= [HW]
263 [HW] Use software keyboard repeat 264 Use software keyboard repeat
264 265
265 autotest [IA64] 266 autotest [IA64]
266 267
267 awe= [HW,OSS] AWE32/SB32/AWE64 wave table synth 268 awe= [HW,OSS] AWE32/SB32/AWE64 wave table synth
268 Format: <io>,<memsize>,<isapnp> 269 Format: <io>,<memsize>,<isapnp>
269 270
270 aztcd= [HW,CD] Aztech CD268 CDROM driver 271 aztcd= [HW,CD] Aztech CD268 CDROM driver
271 Format: <io>,0x79 (?) 272 Format: <io>,0x79 (?)
272 273
273 baycom_epp= [HW,AX25] 274 baycom_epp= [HW,AX25]
274 Format: <io>,<mode> 275 Format: <io>,<mode>
275 276
276 baycom_par= [HW,AX25] BayCom Parallel Port AX.25 Modem 277 baycom_par= [HW,AX25] BayCom Parallel Port AX.25 Modem
277 Format: <io>,<mode> 278 Format: <io>,<mode>
278 See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_par.c. 279 See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_par.c.
279 280
280 baycom_ser_fdx= [HW,AX25] BayCom Serial Port AX.25 Modem (Full Duplex Mode) 281 baycom_ser_fdx= [HW,AX25]
282 BayCom Serial Port AX.25 Modem (Full Duplex Mode)
281 Format: <io>,<irq>,<mode>[,<baud>] 283 Format: <io>,<irq>,<mode>[,<baud>]
282 See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_ser_fdx.c. 284 See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_ser_fdx.c.
283 285
284 baycom_ser_hdx= [HW,AX25] BayCom Serial Port AX.25 Modem (Half Duplex Mode) 286 baycom_ser_hdx= [HW,AX25]
287 BayCom Serial Port AX.25 Modem (Half Duplex Mode)
285 Format: <io>,<irq>,<mode> 288 Format: <io>,<irq>,<mode>
286 See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_ser_hdx.c. 289 See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_ser_hdx.c.
287 290
@@ -292,7 +295,8 @@ running once the system is up.
292 blkmtd_count= 295 blkmtd_count=
293 296
294 bttv.card= [HW,V4L] bttv (bt848 + bt878 based grabber cards) 297 bttv.card= [HW,V4L] bttv (bt848 + bt878 based grabber cards)
295 bttv.radio= Most important insmod options are available as kernel args too. 298 bttv.radio= Most important insmod options are available as
299 kernel args too.
296 bttv.pll= See Documentation/video4linux/bttv/Insmod-options 300 bttv.pll= See Documentation/video4linux/bttv/Insmod-options
297 bttv.tuner= and Documentation/video4linux/bttv/CARDLIST 301 bttv.tuner= and Documentation/video4linux/bttv/CARDLIST
298 302
@@ -318,15 +322,17 @@ running once the system is up.
318 checkreqprot [SELINUX] Set initial checkreqprot flag value. 322 checkreqprot [SELINUX] Set initial checkreqprot flag value.
319 Format: { "0" | "1" } 323 Format: { "0" | "1" }
320 See security/selinux/Kconfig help text. 324 See security/selinux/Kconfig help text.
321 0 -- check protection applied by kernel (includes any implied execute protection). 325 0 -- check protection applied by kernel (includes
326 any implied execute protection).
322 1 -- check protection requested by application. 327 1 -- check protection requested by application.
323 Default value is set via a kernel config option. 328 Default value is set via a kernel config option.
324 Value can be changed at runtime via /selinux/checkreqprot. 329 Value can be changed at runtime via
325 330 /selinux/checkreqprot.
326 clock= [BUGS=IA-32, HW] gettimeofday timesource override. 331
332 clock= [BUGS=IA-32,HW] gettimeofday timesource override.
327 Forces specified timesource (if avaliable) to be used 333 Forces specified timesource (if avaliable) to be used
328 when calculating gettimeofday(). If specicified timesource 334 when calculating gettimeofday(). If specicified
329 is not avalible, it defaults to PIT. 335 timesource is not avalible, it defaults to PIT.
330 Format: { pit | tsc | cyclone | pmtmr } 336 Format: { pit | tsc | cyclone | pmtmr }
331 337
332 hpet= [IA-32,HPET] option to disable HPET and use PIT. 338 hpet= [IA-32,HPET] option to disable HPET and use PIT.
@@ -336,17 +342,19 @@ running once the system is up.
336 Format: { auto | [<io>,][<irq>] } 342 Format: { auto | [<io>,][<irq>] }
337 343
338 com20020= [HW,NET] ARCnet - COM20020 chipset 344 com20020= [HW,NET] ARCnet - COM20020 chipset
339 Format: <io>[,<irq>[,<nodeID>[,<backplane>[,<ckp>[,<timeout>]]]]] 345 Format:
346 <io>[,<irq>[,<nodeID>[,<backplane>[,<ckp>[,<timeout>]]]]]
340 347
341 com90io= [HW,NET] ARCnet - COM90xx chipset (IO-mapped buffers) 348 com90io= [HW,NET] ARCnet - COM90xx chipset (IO-mapped buffers)
342 Format: <io>[,<irq>] 349 Format: <io>[,<irq>]
343 350
344 com90xx= [HW,NET] ARCnet - COM90xx chipset (memory-mapped buffers) 351 com90xx= [HW,NET]
352 ARCnet - COM90xx chipset (memory-mapped buffers)
345 Format: <io>[,<irq>[,<memstart>]] 353 Format: <io>[,<irq>[,<memstart>]]
346 354
347 condev= [HW,S390] console device 355 condev= [HW,S390] console device
348 conmode= 356 conmode=
349 357
350 console= [KNL] Output console device and options. 358 console= [KNL] Output console device and options.
351 359
352 tty<n> Use the virtual console device <n>. 360 tty<n> Use the virtual console device <n>.
@@ -367,7 +375,8 @@ running once the system is up.
367 options are the same as for ttyS, above. 375 options are the same as for ttyS, above.
368 376
369 cpcihp_generic= [HW,PCI] Generic port I/O CompactPCI driver 377 cpcihp_generic= [HW,PCI] Generic port I/O CompactPCI driver
370 Format: <first_slot>,<last_slot>,<port>,<enum_bit>[,<debug>] 378 Format:
379 <first_slot>,<last_slot>,<port>,<enum_bit>[,<debug>]
371 380
372 cpia_pp= [HW,PPT] 381 cpia_pp= [HW,PPT]
373 Format: { parport<nr> | auto | none } 382 Format: { parport<nr> | auto | none }
@@ -384,10 +393,10 @@ running once the system is up.
384 393
385 cs89x0_media= [HW,NET] 394 cs89x0_media= [HW,NET]
386 Format: { rj45 | aui | bnc } 395 Format: { rj45 | aui | bnc }
387 396
388 cyclades= [HW,SERIAL] Cyclades multi-serial port adapter. 397 cyclades= [HW,SERIAL] Cyclades multi-serial port adapter.
389 398
390 dasd= [HW,NET] 399 dasd= [HW,NET]
391 See header of drivers/s390/block/dasd_devmap.c. 400 See header of drivers/s390/block/dasd_devmap.c.
392 401
393 db9.dev[2|3]= [HW,JOY] Multisystem joystick support via parallel port 402 db9.dev[2|3]= [HW,JOY] Multisystem joystick support via parallel port
@@ -406,7 +415,7 @@ running once the system is up.
406 415
407 dhash_entries= [KNL] 416 dhash_entries= [KNL]
408 Set number of hash buckets for dentry cache. 417 Set number of hash buckets for dentry cache.
409 418
410 digi= [HW,SERIAL] 419 digi= [HW,SERIAL]
411 IO parameters + enable/disable command. 420 IO parameters + enable/disable command.
412 421
@@ -424,11 +433,11 @@ running once the system is up.
424 433
425 dtc3181e= [HW,SCSI] 434 dtc3181e= [HW,SCSI]
426 435
427 earlyprintk= [IA-32, X86-64] 436 earlyprintk= [IA-32,X86-64]
428 earlyprintk=vga 437 earlyprintk=vga
429 earlyprintk=serial[,ttySn[,baudrate]] 438 earlyprintk=serial[,ttySn[,baudrate]]
430 439
431 Append ,keep to not disable it when the real console 440 Append ",keep" to not disable it when the real console
432 takes over. 441 takes over.
433 442
434 Only vga or serial at a time, not both. 443 Only vga or serial at a time, not both.
@@ -451,7 +460,7 @@ running once the system is up.
451 Format: {"of[f]" | "sk[ipmbr]"} 460 Format: {"of[f]" | "sk[ipmbr]"}
452 See comment in arch/i386/boot/edd.S 461 See comment in arch/i386/boot/edd.S
453 462
454 eicon= [HW,ISDN] 463 eicon= [HW,ISDN]
455 Format: <id>,<membase>,<irq> 464 Format: <id>,<membase>,<irq>
456 465
457 eisa_irq_edge= [PARISC,HW] 466 eisa_irq_edge= [PARISC,HW]
@@ -462,12 +471,13 @@ running once the system is up.
462 arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/elanfreq.c. 471 arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/elanfreq.c.
463 472
464 elevator= [IOSCHED] 473 elevator= [IOSCHED]
465 Format: {"as"|"cfq"|"deadline"|"noop"} 474 Format: {"as" | "cfq" | "deadline" | "noop"}
466 See Documentation/block/as-iosched.txt 475 See Documentation/block/as-iosched.txt and
467 and Documentation/block/deadline-iosched.txt for details. 476 Documentation/block/deadline-iosched.txt for details.
477
468 elfcorehdr= [IA-32] 478 elfcorehdr= [IA-32]
469 Specifies physical address of start of kernel core image 479 Specifies physical address of start of kernel core
470 elf header. 480 image elf header.
471 See Documentation/kdump.txt for details. 481 See Documentation/kdump.txt for details.
472 482
473 enforcing [SELINUX] Set initial enforcing status. 483 enforcing [SELINUX] Set initial enforcing status.
@@ -485,7 +495,7 @@ running once the system is up.
485 es1371= [HW,OSS] 495 es1371= [HW,OSS]
486 Format: <spdif>,[<nomix>,[<amplifier>]] 496 Format: <spdif>,[<nomix>,[<amplifier>]]
487 See also header of sound/oss/es1371.c. 497 See also header of sound/oss/es1371.c.
488 498
489 ether= [HW,NET] Ethernet cards parameters 499 ether= [HW,NET] Ethernet cards parameters
490 This option is obsoleted by the "netdev=" option, which 500 This option is obsoleted by the "netdev=" option, which
491 has equivalent usage. See its documentation for details. 501 has equivalent usage. See its documentation for details.
@@ -526,12 +536,13 @@ running once the system is up.
526 536
527 gus= [HW,OSS] 537 gus= [HW,OSS]
528 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma16> 538 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma16>
529 539
530 gvp11= [HW,SCSI] 540 gvp11= [HW,SCSI]
531 541
532 hashdist= [KNL,NUMA] Large hashes allocated during boot 542 hashdist= [KNL,NUMA] Large hashes allocated during boot
533 are distributed across NUMA nodes. Defaults on 543 are distributed across NUMA nodes. Defaults on
534 for IA-64, off otherwise. 544 for IA-64, off otherwise.
545 Format: 0 | 1 (for off | on)
535 546
536 hcl= [IA-64] SGI's Hardware Graph compatibility layer 547 hcl= [IA-64] SGI's Hardware Graph compatibility layer
537 548
@@ -595,13 +606,13 @@ running once the system is up.
595 ide?= [HW] (E)IDE subsystem 606 ide?= [HW] (E)IDE subsystem
596 Format: ide?=noprobe or chipset specific parameters. 607 Format: ide?=noprobe or chipset specific parameters.
597 See Documentation/ide.txt. 608 See Documentation/ide.txt.
598 609
599 idebus= [HW] (E)IDE subsystem - VLB/PCI bus speed 610 idebus= [HW] (E)IDE subsystem - VLB/PCI bus speed
600 See Documentation/ide.txt. 611 See Documentation/ide.txt.
601 612
602 idle= [HW] 613 idle= [HW]
603 Format: idle=poll or idle=halt 614 Format: idle=poll or idle=halt
604 615
605 ihash_entries= [KNL] 616 ihash_entries= [KNL]
606 Set number of hash buckets for inode cache. 617 Set number of hash buckets for inode cache.
607 618
@@ -649,7 +660,7 @@ running once the system is up.
649 firmware running. 660 firmware running.
650 661
651 isapnp= [ISAPNP] 662 isapnp= [ISAPNP]
652 Format: <RDP>, <reset>, <pci_scan>, <verbosity> 663 Format: <RDP>,<reset>,<pci_scan>,<verbosity>
653 664
654 isolcpus= [KNL,SMP] Isolate CPUs from the general scheduler. 665 isolcpus= [KNL,SMP] Isolate CPUs from the general scheduler.
655 Format: <cpu number>,...,<cpu number> 666 Format: <cpu number>,...,<cpu number>
@@ -661,32 +672,33 @@ running once the system is up.
661 "number of CPUs in system - 1". 672 "number of CPUs in system - 1".
662 673
663 This option is the preferred way to isolate CPUs. The 674 This option is the preferred way to isolate CPUs. The
664 alternative - manually setting the CPU mask of all tasks 675 alternative -- manually setting the CPU mask of all
665 in the system can cause problems and suboptimal load 676 tasks in the system -- can cause problems and
666 balancer performance. 677 suboptimal load balancer performance.
667 678
668 isp16= [HW,CD] 679 isp16= [HW,CD]
669 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<setup> 680 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<setup>
670 681
671 iucv= [HW,NET] 682 iucv= [HW,NET]
672 683
673 js= [HW,JOY] Analog joystick 684 js= [HW,JOY] Analog joystick
674 See Documentation/input/joystick.txt. 685 See Documentation/input/joystick.txt.
675 686
676 keepinitrd [HW,ARM] 687 keepinitrd [HW,ARM]
677 688
678 kstack=N [IA-32, X86-64] Print N words from the kernel stack 689 kstack=N [IA-32,X86-64] Print N words from the kernel stack
679 in oops dumps. 690 in oops dumps.
680 691
681 l2cr= [PPC] 692 l2cr= [PPC]
682 693
683 lapic [IA-32,APIC] Enable the local APIC even if BIOS disabled it. 694 lapic [IA-32,APIC] Enable the local APIC even if BIOS
695 disabled it.
684 696
685 lasi= [HW,SCSI] PARISC LASI driver for the 53c700 chip 697 lasi= [HW,SCSI] PARISC LASI driver for the 53c700 chip
686 Format: addr:<io>,irq:<irq> 698 Format: addr:<io>,irq:<irq>
687 699
688 llsc*= [IA64] 700 llsc*= [IA64] See function print_params() in
689 See function print_params() in arch/ia64/sn/kernel/llsc4.c. 701 arch/ia64/sn/kernel/llsc4.c.
690 702
691 load_ramdisk= [RAM] List of ramdisks to load from floppy 703 load_ramdisk= [RAM] List of ramdisks to load from floppy
692 See Documentation/ramdisk.txt. 704 See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
@@ -713,8 +725,9 @@ running once the system is up.
713 7 (KERN_DEBUG) debug-level messages 725 7 (KERN_DEBUG) debug-level messages
714 726
715 log_buf_len=n Sets the size of the printk ring buffer, in bytes. 727 log_buf_len=n Sets the size of the printk ring buffer, in bytes.
716 Format is n, nk, nM. n must be a power of two. The 728 Format: { n | nk | nM }
717 default is set in kernel config. 729 n must be a power of two. The default size
730 is set in the kernel config file.
718 731
719 lp=0 [LP] Specify parallel ports to use, e.g, 732 lp=0 [LP] Specify parallel ports to use, e.g,
720 lp=port[,port...] lp=none,parport0 (lp0 not configured, lp1 uses 733 lp=port[,port...] lp=none,parport0 (lp0 not configured, lp1 uses
@@ -750,23 +763,23 @@ running once the system is up.
750 ltpc= [NET] 763 ltpc= [NET]
751 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma> 764 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>
752 765
753 mac5380= [HW,SCSI] 766 mac5380= [HW,SCSI] Format:
754 Format: <can_queue>,<cmd_per_lun>,<sg_tablesize>,<hostid>,<use_tags> 767 <can_queue>,<cmd_per_lun>,<sg_tablesize>,<hostid>,<use_tags>
755 768
756 mac53c9x= [HW,SCSI] 769 mac53c9x= [HW,SCSI] Format:
757 Format: <num_esps>,<disconnect>,<nosync>,<can_queue>,<cmd_per_lun>,<sg_tablesize>,<hostid>,<use_tags> 770 <num_esps>,<disconnect>,<nosync>,<can_queue>,<cmd_per_lun>,<sg_tablesize>,<hostid>,<use_tags>
758 771
759 machvec= [IA64] 772 machvec= [IA64] Force the use of a particular machine-vector
760 Force the use of a particular machine-vector (machvec) in a generic 773 (machvec) in a generic kernel.
761 kernel. Example: machvec=hpzx1_swiotlb 774 Example: machvec=hpzx1_swiotlb
762 775
763 mad16= [HW,OSS] 776 mad16= [HW,OSS] Format:
764 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma16>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>,<joystick> 777 <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma16>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>,<joystick>
765 778
766 maui= [HW,OSS] 779 maui= [HW,OSS]
767 Format: <io>,<irq> 780 Format: <io>,<irq>
768 781
769 max_loop= [LOOP] Maximum number of loopback devices that can 782 max_loop= [LOOP] Maximum number of loopback devices that can
770 be mounted 783 be mounted
771 Format: <1-256> 784 Format: <1-256>
772 785
@@ -776,11 +789,11 @@ running once the system is up.
776 max_addr=[KMG] [KNL,BOOT,ia64] All physical memory greater than or 789 max_addr=[KMG] [KNL,BOOT,ia64] All physical memory greater than or
777 equal to this physical address is ignored. 790 equal to this physical address is ignored.
778 791
779 max_luns= [SCSI] Maximum number of LUNs to probe 792 max_luns= [SCSI] Maximum number of LUNs to probe.
780 Should be between 1 and 2^32-1. 793 Should be between 1 and 2^32-1.
781 794
782 max_report_luns= 795 max_report_luns=
783 [SCSI] Maximum number of LUNs received 796 [SCSI] Maximum number of LUNs received.
784 Should be between 1 and 16384. 797 Should be between 1 and 16384.
785 798
786 mca-pentium [BUGS=IA-32] 799 mca-pentium [BUGS=IA-32]
@@ -796,11 +809,11 @@ running once the system is up.
796 809
797 md= [HW] RAID subsystems devices and level 810 md= [HW] RAID subsystems devices and level
798 See Documentation/md.txt. 811 See Documentation/md.txt.
799 812
800 mdacon= [MDA] 813 mdacon= [MDA]
801 Format: <first>,<last> 814 Format: <first>,<last>
802 Specifies range of consoles to be captured by the MDA. 815 Specifies range of consoles to be captured by the MDA.
803 816
804 mem=nn[KMG] [KNL,BOOT] Force usage of a specific amount of memory 817 mem=nn[KMG] [KNL,BOOT] Force usage of a specific amount of memory
805 Amount of memory to be used when the kernel is not able 818 Amount of memory to be used when the kernel is not able
806 to see the whole system memory or for test. 819 to see the whole system memory or for test.
@@ -851,15 +864,15 @@ running once the system is up.
851 MTD_Partition= [MTD] 864 MTD_Partition= [MTD]
852 Format: <name>,<region-number>,<size>,<offset> 865 Format: <name>,<region-number>,<size>,<offset>
853 866
854 MTD_Region= [MTD] 867 MTD_Region= [MTD] Format:
855 Format: <name>,<region-number>[,<base>,<size>,<buswidth>,<altbuswidth>] 868 <name>,<region-number>[,<base>,<size>,<buswidth>,<altbuswidth>]
856 869
857 mtdparts= [MTD] 870 mtdparts= [MTD]
858 See drivers/mtd/cmdline.c. 871 See drivers/mtd/cmdline.c.
859 872
860 mtouchusb.raw_coordinates= 873 mtouchusb.raw_coordinates=
861 [HW] Make the MicroTouch USB driver use raw coordinates ('y', default) 874 [HW] Make the MicroTouch USB driver use raw coordinates
862 or cooked coordinates ('n') 875 ('y', default) or cooked coordinates ('n')
863 876
864 n2= [NET] SDL Inc. RISCom/N2 synchronous serial card 877 n2= [NET] SDL Inc. RISCom/N2 synchronous serial card
865 878
@@ -880,7 +893,9 @@ running once the system is up.
880 Format: <irq>,<io>,<mem_start>,<mem_end>,<name> 893 Format: <irq>,<io>,<mem_start>,<mem_end>,<name>
881 Note that mem_start is often overloaded to mean 894 Note that mem_start is often overloaded to mean
882 something different and driver-specific. 895 something different and driver-specific.
883 896 This usage is only documented in each driver source
897 file if at all.
898
884 nfsaddrs= [NFS] 899 nfsaddrs= [NFS]
885 See Documentation/nfsroot.txt. 900 See Documentation/nfsroot.txt.
886 901
@@ -893,8 +908,8 @@ running once the system is up.
893 emulation library even if a 387 maths coprocessor 908 emulation library even if a 387 maths coprocessor
894 is present. 909 is present.
895 910
896 noalign [KNL,ARM] 911 noalign [KNL,ARM]
897 912
898 noapic [SMP,APIC] Tells the kernel to not make use of any 913 noapic [SMP,APIC] Tells the kernel to not make use of any
899 IOAPICs that may be present in the system. 914 IOAPICs that may be present in the system.
900 915
@@ -905,19 +920,19 @@ running once the system is up.
905 on "Classic" PPC cores. 920 on "Classic" PPC cores.
906 921
907 nocache [ARM] 922 nocache [ARM]
908 923
909 nodisconnect [HW,SCSI,M68K] Disables SCSI disconnects. 924 nodisconnect [HW,SCSI,M68K] Disables SCSI disconnects.
910 925
911 noexec [IA-64] 926 noexec [IA-64]
912 927
913 noexec [IA-32, X86-64] 928 noexec [IA-32,X86-64]
914 noexec=on: enable non-executable mappings (default) 929 noexec=on: enable non-executable mappings (default)
915 noexec=off: disable nn-executable mappings 930 noexec=off: disable nn-executable mappings
916 931
917 nofxsr [BUGS=IA-32] 932 nofxsr [BUGS=IA-32]
918 933
919 nohlt [BUGS=ARM] 934 nohlt [BUGS=ARM]
920 935
921 no-hlt [BUGS=IA-32] Tells the kernel that the hlt 936 no-hlt [BUGS=IA-32] Tells the kernel that the hlt
922 instruction doesn't work correctly and not to 937 instruction doesn't work correctly and not to
923 use it. 938 use it.
@@ -948,8 +963,9 @@ running once the system is up.
948 963
949 noresidual [PPC] Don't use residual data on PReP machines. 964 noresidual [PPC] Don't use residual data on PReP machines.
950 965
951 noresume [SWSUSP] Disables resume and restore original swap space. 966 noresume [SWSUSP] Disables resume and restores original swap
952 967 space.
968
953 no-scroll [VGA] Disables scrollback. 969 no-scroll [VGA] Disables scrollback.
954 This is required for the Braillex ib80-piezo Braille 970 This is required for the Braillex ib80-piezo Braille
955 reader made by F.H. Papenmeier (Germany). 971 reader made by F.H. Papenmeier (Germany).
@@ -965,16 +981,16 @@ running once the system is up.
965 nousb [USB] Disable the USB subsystem 981 nousb [USB] Disable the USB subsystem
966 982
967 nowb [ARM] 983 nowb [ARM]
968 984
969 opl3= [HW,OSS] 985 opl3= [HW,OSS]
970 Format: <io> 986 Format: <io>
971 987
972 opl3sa= [HW,OSS] 988 opl3sa= [HW,OSS]
973 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq> 989 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
974 990
975 opl3sa2= [HW,OSS] 991 opl3sa2= [HW,OSS] Format:
976 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<mss_io>,<mpu_io>,<ymode>,<loopback>[,<isapnp>,<multiple] 992 <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<mss_io>,<mpu_io>,<ymode>,<loopback>[,<isapnp>,<multiple]
977 993
978 oprofile.timer= [HW] 994 oprofile.timer= [HW]
979 Use timer interrupt instead of performance counters 995 Use timer interrupt instead of performance counters
980 996
@@ -993,36 +1009,33 @@ running once the system is up.
993 Format: <parport#> 1009 Format: <parport#>
994 parkbd.mode= [HW] Parallel port keyboard adapter mode of operation, 1010 parkbd.mode= [HW] Parallel port keyboard adapter mode of operation,
995 0 for XT, 1 for AT (default is AT). 1011 0 for XT, 1 for AT (default is AT).
996 Format: <mode> 1012 Format: <mode>
997 1013
998 parport=0 [HW,PPT] Specify parallel ports. 0 disables. 1014 parport= [HW,PPT] Specify parallel ports. 0 disables.
999 parport=auto Use 'auto' to force the driver to use 1015 Format: { 0 | auto | 0xBBB[,IRQ[,DMA]] }
1000 parport=0xBBB[,IRQ[,DMA]] any IRQ/DMA settings detected (the 1016 Use 'auto' to force the driver to use any
1001 default is to ignore detected IRQ/DMA 1017 IRQ/DMA settings detected (the default is to
1002 settings because of possible 1018 ignore detected IRQ/DMA settings because of
1003 conflicts). You can specify the base 1019 possible conflicts). You can specify the base
1004 address, IRQ, and DMA settings; IRQ and 1020 address, IRQ, and DMA settings; IRQ and DMA
1005 DMA should be numbers, or 'auto' (for 1021 should be numbers, or 'auto' (for using detected
1006 using detected settings on that 1022 settings on that particular port), or 'nofifo'
1007 particular port), or 'nofifo' (to avoid 1023 (to avoid using a FIFO even if it is detected).
1008 using a FIFO even if it is detected). 1024 Parallel ports are assigned in the order they
1009 Parallel ports are assigned in the 1025 are specified on the command line, starting
1010 order they are specified on the command 1026 with parport0.
1011 line, starting with parport0. 1027
1012 1028 parport_init_mode= [HW,PPT]
1013 parport_init_mode= 1029 Configure VIA parallel port to operate in
1014 [HW,PPT] Configure VIA parallel port to 1030 a specific mode. This is necessary on Pegasos
1015 operate in specific mode. This is 1031 computer where firmware has no options for setting
1016 necessary on Pegasos computer where 1032 up parallel port mode and sets it to spp.
1017 firmware has no options for setting up 1033 Currently this function knows 686a and 8231 chips.
1018 parallel port mode and sets it to
1019 spp. Currently this function knows
1020 686a and 8231 chips.
1021 Format: [spp|ps2|epp|ecp|ecpepp] 1034 Format: [spp|ps2|epp|ecp|ecpepp]
1022 1035
1023 pas2= [HW,OSS] 1036 pas2= [HW,OSS] Format:
1024 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma16>,<sb_io>,<sb_irq>,<sb_dma>,<sb_dma16> 1037 <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma16>,<sb_io>,<sb_irq>,<sb_dma>,<sb_dma16>
1025 1038
1026 pas16= [HW,SCSI] 1039 pas16= [HW,SCSI]
1027 See header of drivers/scsi/pas16.c. 1040 See header of drivers/scsi/pas16.c.
1028 1041
@@ -1032,64 +1045,67 @@ running once the system is up.
1032 See header of drivers/block/paride/pcd.c. 1045 See header of drivers/block/paride/pcd.c.
1033 See also Documentation/paride.txt. 1046 See also Documentation/paride.txt.
1034 1047
1035 pci=option[,option...] [PCI] various PCI subsystem options: 1048 pci=option[,option...] [PCI] various PCI subsystem options:
1036 off [IA-32] don't probe for the PCI bus 1049 off [IA-32] don't probe for the PCI bus
1037 bios [IA-32] force use of PCI BIOS, don't access 1050 bios [IA-32] force use of PCI BIOS, don't access
1038 the hardware directly. Use this if your machine 1051 the hardware directly. Use this if your machine
1039 has a non-standard PCI host bridge. 1052 has a non-standard PCI host bridge.
1040 nobios [IA-32] disallow use of PCI BIOS, only direct 1053 nobios [IA-32] disallow use of PCI BIOS, only direct
1041 hardware access methods are allowed. Use this 1054 hardware access methods are allowed. Use this
1042 if you experience crashes upon bootup and you 1055 if you experience crashes upon bootup and you
1043 suspect they are caused by the BIOS. 1056 suspect they are caused by the BIOS.
1044 conf1 [IA-32] Force use of PCI Configuration Mechanism 1. 1057 conf1 [IA-32] Force use of PCI Configuration
1045 conf2 [IA-32] Force use of PCI Configuration Mechanism 2. 1058 Mechanism 1.
1046 nosort [IA-32] Don't sort PCI devices according to 1059 conf2 [IA-32] Force use of PCI Configuration
1047 order given by the PCI BIOS. This sorting is done 1060 Mechanism 2.
1048 to get a device order compatible with older kernels. 1061 nosort [IA-32] Don't sort PCI devices according to
1049 biosirq [IA-32] Use PCI BIOS calls to get the interrupt 1062 order given by the PCI BIOS. This sorting is
1050 routing table. These calls are known to be buggy 1063 done to get a device order compatible with
1051 on several machines and they hang the machine when used, 1064 older kernels.
1052 but on other computers it's the only way to get the 1065 biosirq [IA-32] Use PCI BIOS calls to get the interrupt
1053 interrupt routing table. Try this option if the kernel 1066 routing table. These calls are known to be buggy
1054 is unable to allocate IRQs or discover secondary PCI 1067 on several machines and they hang the machine
1055 buses on your motherboard. 1068 when used, but on other computers it's the only
1056 rom [IA-32] Assign address space to expansion ROMs. 1069 way to get the interrupt routing table. Try
1057 Use with caution as certain devices share address 1070 this option if the kernel is unable to allocate
1058 decoders between ROMs and other resources. 1071 IRQs or discover secondary PCI buses on your
1059 irqmask=0xMMMM [IA-32] Set a bit mask of IRQs allowed to be assigned 1072 motherboard.
1060 automatically to PCI devices. You can make the kernel 1073 rom [IA-32] Assign address space to expansion ROMs.
1061 exclude IRQs of your ISA cards this way. 1074 Use with caution as certain devices share
1075 address decoders between ROMs and other
1076 resources.
1077 irqmask=0xMMMM [IA-32] Set a bit mask of IRQs allowed to be
1078 assigned automatically to PCI devices. You can
1079 make the kernel exclude IRQs of your ISA cards
1080 this way.
1062 pirqaddr=0xAAAAA [IA-32] Specify the physical address 1081 pirqaddr=0xAAAAA [IA-32] Specify the physical address
1063 of the PIRQ table (normally generated 1082 of the PIRQ table (normally generated
1064 by the BIOS) if it is outside the 1083 by the BIOS) if it is outside the
1065 F0000h-100000h range. 1084 F0000h-100000h range.
1066 lastbus=N [IA-32] Scan all buses till bus #N. Can be useful 1085 lastbus=N [IA-32] Scan all buses thru bus #N. Can be
1067 if the kernel is unable to find your secondary buses 1086 useful if the kernel is unable to find your
1068 and you want to tell it explicitly which ones they are. 1087 secondary buses and you want to tell it
1069 assign-busses [IA-32] Always assign all PCI bus 1088 explicitly which ones they are.
1070 numbers ourselves, overriding 1089 assign-busses [IA-32] Always assign all PCI bus
1071 whatever the firmware may have 1090 numbers ourselves, overriding
1072 done. 1091 whatever the firmware may have done.
1073 usepirqmask [IA-32] Honor the possible IRQ mask 1092 usepirqmask [IA-32] Honor the possible IRQ mask stored
1074 stored in the BIOS $PIR table. This is 1093 in the BIOS $PIR table. This is needed on
1075 needed on some systems with broken 1094 some systems with broken BIOSes, notably
1076 BIOSes, notably some HP Pavilion N5400 1095 some HP Pavilion N5400 and Omnibook XE3
1077 and Omnibook XE3 notebooks. This will 1096 notebooks. This will have no effect if ACPI
1078 have no effect if ACPI IRQ routing is 1097 IRQ routing is enabled.
1079 enabled. 1098 noacpi [IA-32] Do not use ACPI for IRQ routing
1080 noacpi [IA-32] Do not use ACPI for IRQ routing 1099 or for PCI scanning.
1081 or for PCI scanning. 1100 routeirq Do IRQ routing for all PCI devices.
1082 routeirq Do IRQ routing for all PCI devices. 1101 This is normally done in pci_enable_device(),
1083 This is normally done in pci_enable_device(), 1102 so this option is a temporary workaround
1084 so this option is a temporary workaround 1103 for broken drivers that don't call it.
1085 for broken drivers that don't call it. 1104 firmware [ARM] Do not re-enumerate the bus but instead
1086 1105 just use the configuration from the
1087 firmware [ARM] Do not re-enumerate the bus but 1106 bootloader. This is currently used on
1088 instead just use the configuration 1107 IXP2000 systems where the bus has to be
1089 from the bootloader. This is currently 1108 configured a certain way for adjunct CPUs.
1090 used on IXP2000 systems where the
1091 bus has to be configured a certain way
1092 for adjunct CPUs.
1093 1109
1094 pcmv= [HW,PCMCIA] BadgePAD 4 1110 pcmv= [HW,PCMCIA] BadgePAD 4
1095 1111
@@ -1127,19 +1143,20 @@ running once the system is up.
1127 [ISAPNP] Exclude DMAs for the autoconfiguration 1143 [ISAPNP] Exclude DMAs for the autoconfiguration
1128 1144
1129 pnp_reserve_io= [ISAPNP] Exclude I/O ports for the autoconfiguration 1145 pnp_reserve_io= [ISAPNP] Exclude I/O ports for the autoconfiguration
1130 Ranges are in pairs (I/O port base and size). 1146 Ranges are in pairs (I/O port base and size).
1131 1147
1132 pnp_reserve_mem= 1148 pnp_reserve_mem=
1133 [ISAPNP] Exclude memory regions for the autoconfiguration 1149 [ISAPNP] Exclude memory regions for the
1150 autoconfiguration.
1134 Ranges are in pairs (memory base and size). 1151 Ranges are in pairs (memory base and size).
1135 1152
1136 profile= [KNL] Enable kernel profiling via /proc/profile 1153 profile= [KNL] Enable kernel profiling via /proc/profile
1137 { schedule | <number> } 1154 Format: [schedule,]<number>
1138 (param: schedule - profile schedule points} 1155 Param: "schedule" - profile schedule points.
1139 (param: profile step/bucket size as a power of 2 for 1156 Param: <number> - step/bucket size as a power of 2 for
1140 statistical time based profiling) 1157 statistical time based profiling.
1141 1158
1142 processor.max_cstate= [HW, ACPI] 1159 processor.max_cstate= [HW,ACPI]
1143 Limit processor to maximum C-state 1160 Limit processor to maximum C-state
1144 max_cstate=9 overrides any DMI blacklist limit. 1161 max_cstate=9 overrides any DMI blacklist limit.
1145 1162
@@ -1147,27 +1164,28 @@ running once the system is up.
1147 before loading. 1164 before loading.
1148 See Documentation/ramdisk.txt. 1165 See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
1149 1166
1150 psmouse.proto= [HW,MOUSE] Highest PS2 mouse protocol extension to 1167 psmouse.proto= [HW,MOUSE] Highest PS2 mouse protocol extension to
1151 probe for (bare|imps|exps|lifebook|any). 1168 probe for; one of (bare|imps|exps|lifebook|any).
1152 psmouse.rate= [HW,MOUSE] Set desired mouse report rate, in reports 1169 psmouse.rate= [HW,MOUSE] Set desired mouse report rate, in reports
1153 per second. 1170 per second.
1154 psmouse.resetafter= 1171 psmouse.resetafter= [HW,MOUSE]
1155 [HW,MOUSE] Try to reset the device after so many bad packets 1172 Try to reset the device after so many bad packets
1156 (0 = never). 1173 (0 = never).
1157 psmouse.resolution= 1174 psmouse.resolution=
1158 [HW,MOUSE] Set desired mouse resolution, in dpi. 1175 [HW,MOUSE] Set desired mouse resolution, in dpi.
1159 psmouse.smartscroll= 1176 psmouse.smartscroll=
1160 [HW,MOUSE] Controls Logitech smartscroll autorepeat, 1177 [HW,MOUSE] Controls Logitech smartscroll autorepeat.
1161 0 = disabled, 1 = enabled (default). 1178 0 = disabled, 1 = enabled (default).
1162 1179
1163 pss= [HW,OSS] Personal Sound System (ECHO ESC614) 1180 pss= [HW,OSS] Personal Sound System (ECHO ESC614)
1164 Format: <io>,<mss_io>,<mss_irq>,<mss_dma>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq> 1181 Format:
1182 <io>,<mss_io>,<mss_irq>,<mss_dma>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
1165 1183
1166 pt. [PARIDE] 1184 pt. [PARIDE]
1167 See Documentation/paride.txt. 1185 See Documentation/paride.txt.
1168 1186
1169 quiet= [KNL] Disable log messages 1187 quiet= [KNL] Disable log messages
1170 1188
1171 r128= [HW,DRM] 1189 r128= [HW,DRM]
1172 1190
1173 raid= [HW,RAID] 1191 raid= [HW,RAID]
@@ -1176,10 +1194,9 @@ running once the system is up.
1176 ramdisk= [RAM] Sizes of RAM disks in kilobytes [deprecated] 1194 ramdisk= [RAM] Sizes of RAM disks in kilobytes [deprecated]
1177 See Documentation/ramdisk.txt. 1195 See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
1178 1196
1179 ramdisk_blocksize= 1197 ramdisk_blocksize= [RAM]
1180 [RAM]
1181 See Documentation/ramdisk.txt. 1198 See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
1182 1199
1183 ramdisk_size= [RAM] Sizes of RAM disks in kilobytes 1200 ramdisk_size= [RAM] Sizes of RAM disks in kilobytes
1184 New name for the ramdisk parameter. 1201 New name for the ramdisk parameter.
1185 See Documentation/ramdisk.txt. 1202 See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
@@ -1195,7 +1212,8 @@ running once the system is up.
1195 1212
1196 reserve= [KNL,BUGS] Force the kernel to ignore some iomem area 1213 reserve= [KNL,BUGS] Force the kernel to ignore some iomem area
1197 1214
1198 resume= [SWSUSP] Specify the partition device for software suspension 1215 resume= [SWSUSP]
1216 Specify the partition device for software suspend
1199 1217
1200 rhash_entries= [KNL,NET] 1218 rhash_entries= [KNL,NET]
1201 Set number of hash buckets for route cache 1219 Set number of hash buckets for route cache
@@ -1225,7 +1243,7 @@ running once the system is up.
1225 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2> 1243 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>
1226 1244
1227 sbni= [NET] Granch SBNI12 leased line adapter 1245 sbni= [NET] Granch SBNI12 leased line adapter
1228 1246
1229 sbpcd= [HW,CD] Soundblaster CD adapter 1247 sbpcd= [HW,CD] Soundblaster CD adapter
1230 Format: <io>,<type> 1248 Format: <io>,<type>
1231 See a comment before function sbpcd_setup() in 1249 See a comment before function sbpcd_setup() in
@@ -1258,21 +1276,20 @@ running once the system is up.
1258 1276
1259 serialnumber [BUGS=IA-32] 1277 serialnumber [BUGS=IA-32]
1260 1278
1261 sg_def_reserved_size= 1279 sg_def_reserved_size= [SCSI]
1262 [SCSI] 1280
1263
1264 sgalaxy= [HW,OSS] 1281 sgalaxy= [HW,OSS]
1265 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<sgbase> 1282 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<sgbase>
1266 1283
1267 shapers= [NET] 1284 shapers= [NET]
1268 Maximal number of shapers. 1285 Maximal number of shapers.
1269 1286
1270 sim710= [SCSI,HW] 1287 sim710= [SCSI,HW]
1271 See header of drivers/scsi/sim710.c. 1288 See header of drivers/scsi/sim710.c.
1272 1289
1273 simeth= [IA-64] 1290 simeth= [IA-64]
1274 simscsi= 1291 simscsi=
1275 1292
1276 sjcd= [HW,CD] 1293 sjcd= [HW,CD]
1277 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma> 1294 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>
1278 See header of drivers/cdrom/sjcd.c. 1295 See header of drivers/cdrom/sjcd.c.
@@ -1403,10 +1420,10 @@ running once the system is up.
1403 snd-wavefront= [HW,ALSA] 1420 snd-wavefront= [HW,ALSA]
1404 1421
1405 snd-ymfpci= [HW,ALSA] 1422 snd-ymfpci= [HW,ALSA]
1406 1423
1407 sonicvibes= [HW,OSS] 1424 sonicvibes= [HW,OSS]
1408 Format: <reverb> 1425 Format: <reverb>
1409 1426
1410 sonycd535= [HW,CD] 1427 sonycd535= [HW,CD]
1411 Format: <io>[,<irq>] 1428 Format: <io>[,<irq>]
1412 1429
@@ -1423,7 +1440,7 @@ running once the system is up.
1423 1440
1424 sscape= [HW,OSS] 1441 sscape= [HW,OSS]
1425 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq> 1442 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
1426 1443
1427 st= [HW,SCSI] SCSI tape parameters (buffers, etc.) 1444 st= [HW,SCSI] SCSI tape parameters (buffers, etc.)
1428 See Documentation/scsi/st.txt. 1445 See Documentation/scsi/st.txt.
1429 1446
@@ -1446,7 +1463,7 @@ running once the system is up.
1446 stram_swap= [HW,M68k] 1463 stram_swap= [HW,M68k]
1447 1464
1448 swiotlb= [IA-64] Number of I/O TLB slabs 1465 swiotlb= [IA-64] Number of I/O TLB slabs
1449 1466
1450 switches= [HW,M68k] 1467 switches= [HW,M68k]
1451 1468
1452 sym53c416= [HW,SCSI] 1469 sym53c416= [HW,SCSI]
@@ -1479,14 +1496,16 @@ running once the system is up.
1479 tp720= [HW,PS2] 1496 tp720= [HW,PS2]
1480 1497
1481 trix= [HW,OSS] MediaTrix AudioTrix Pro 1498 trix= [HW,OSS] MediaTrix AudioTrix Pro
1482 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<sb_io>,<sb_irq>,<sb_dma>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq> 1499 Format:
1483 1500 <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<sb_io>,<sb_irq>,<sb_dma>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
1501
1484 tsdev.xres= [TS] Horizontal screen resolution. 1502 tsdev.xres= [TS] Horizontal screen resolution.
1485 tsdev.yres= [TS] Vertical screen resolution. 1503 tsdev.yres= [TS] Vertical screen resolution.
1486 1504
1487 turbografx.map[2|3]= 1505 turbografx.map[2|3]= [HW,JOY]
1488 [HW,JOY] TurboGraFX parallel port interface 1506 TurboGraFX parallel port interface
1489 Format: <port#>,<js1>,<js2>,<js3>,<js4>,<js5>,<js6>,<js7> 1507 Format:
1508 <port#>,<js1>,<js2>,<js3>,<js4>,<js5>,<js6>,<js7>
1490 See also Documentation/input/joystick-parport.txt 1509 See also Documentation/input/joystick-parport.txt
1491 1510
1492 u14-34f= [HW,SCSI] UltraStor 14F/34F SCSI host adapter 1511 u14-34f= [HW,SCSI] UltraStor 14F/34F SCSI host adapter
@@ -1502,17 +1521,18 @@ running once the system is up.
1502 1521
1503 usbhid.mousepoll= 1522 usbhid.mousepoll=
1504 [USBHID] The interval which mice are to be polled at. 1523 [USBHID] The interval which mice are to be polled at.
1505 1524
1506 video= [FB] Frame buffer configuration 1525 video= [FB] Frame buffer configuration
1507 See Documentation/fb/modedb.txt. 1526 See Documentation/fb/modedb.txt.
1508 1527
1509 vga= [BOOT,IA-32] Select a particular video mode 1528 vga= [BOOT,IA-32] Select a particular video mode
1510 See Documentation/i386/boot.txt and Documentation/svga.txt. 1529 See Documentation/i386/boot.txt and
1530 Documentation/svga.txt.
1511 Use vga=ask for menu. 1531 Use vga=ask for menu.
1512 This is actually a boot loader parameter; the value is 1532 This is actually a boot loader parameter; the value is
1513 passed to the kernel using a special protocol. 1533 passed to the kernel using a special protocol.
1514 1534
1515 vmalloc=nn[KMG] [KNL,BOOT] forces the vmalloc area to have an exact 1535 vmalloc=nn[KMG] [KNL,BOOT] Forces the vmalloc area to have an exact
1516 size of <nn>. This can be used to increase the 1536 size of <nn>. This can be used to increase the
1517 minimum size (128MB on x86). It can also be used to 1537 minimum size (128MB on x86). It can also be used to
1518 decrease the size and leave more room for directly 1538 decrease the size and leave more room for directly
@@ -1520,11 +1540,11 @@ running once the system is up.
1520 1540
1521 vmhalt= [KNL,S390] 1541 vmhalt= [KNL,S390]
1522 1542
1523 vmpoff= [KNL,S390] 1543 vmpoff= [KNL,S390]
1524 1544
1525 waveartist= [HW,OSS] 1545 waveartist= [HW,OSS]
1526 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2> 1546 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>
1527 1547
1528 wd33c93= [HW,SCSI] 1548 wd33c93= [HW,SCSI]
1529 See header of drivers/scsi/wd33c93.c. 1549 See header of drivers/scsi/wd33c93.c.
1530 1550
@@ -1538,21 +1558,25 @@ running once the system is up.
1538 xd_geo= See header of drivers/block/xd.c. 1558 xd_geo= See header of drivers/block/xd.c.
1539 1559
1540 xirc2ps_cs= [NET,PCMCIA] 1560 xirc2ps_cs= [NET,PCMCIA]
1541 Format: <irq>,<irq_mask>,<io>,<full_duplex>,<do_sound>,<lockup_hack>[,<irq2>[,<irq3>[,<irq4>]]] 1561 Format:
1542 1562 <irq>,<irq_mask>,<io>,<full_duplex>,<do_sound>,<lockup_hack>[,<irq2>[,<irq3>[,<irq4>]]]
1543 1563
1544 1564
1565______________________________________________________________________
1545Changelog: 1566Changelog:
1546 1567
15682000-06-?? Mr. Unknown
1547 The last known update (for 2.4.0) - the changelog was not kept before. 1569 The last known update (for 2.4.0) - the changelog was not kept before.
1548 2000-06-?? Mr. Unknown
1549 1570
15712002-11-24 Petr Baudis <pasky@ucw.cz>
1572 Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@verizon.net>
1550 Update for 2.5.49, description for most of the options introduced, 1573 Update for 2.5.49, description for most of the options introduced,
1551 references to other documentation (C files, READMEs, ..), added S390, 1574 references to other documentation (C files, READMEs, ..), added S390,
1552 PPC, SPARC, MTD, ALSA and OSS category. Minor corrections and 1575 PPC, SPARC, MTD, ALSA and OSS category. Minor corrections and
1553 reformatting. 1576 reformatting.
1554 2002-11-24 Petr Baudis <pasky@ucw.cz> 1577
1555 Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@verizon.net> 15782005-10-19 Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@xenotime.net>
1579 Lots of typos, whitespace, some reformatting.
1556 1580
1557TODO: 1581TODO:
1558 1582
diff --git a/Documentation/networking/bonding.txt b/Documentation/networking/bonding.txt
index a55f0f95b171..b0fe41da007b 100644
--- a/Documentation/networking/bonding.txt
+++ b/Documentation/networking/bonding.txt
@@ -777,7 +777,7 @@ doing so is the same as described in the "Configuring Multiple Bonds
777Manually" section, below. 777Manually" section, below.
778 778
779 NOTE: It has been observed that some Red Hat supplied kernels 779 NOTE: It has been observed that some Red Hat supplied kernels
780are apparently unable to rename modules at load time (the "-obonding1" 780are apparently unable to rename modules at load time (the "-o bond1"
781part). Attempts to pass that option to modprobe will produce an 781part). Attempts to pass that option to modprobe will produce an
782"Operation not permitted" error. This has been reported on some 782"Operation not permitted" error. This has been reported on some
783Fedora Core kernels, and has been seen on RHEL 4 as well. On kernels 783Fedora Core kernels, and has been seen on RHEL 4 as well. On kernels
@@ -883,7 +883,8 @@ the above does not work, and the second bonding instance never sees
883its options. In that case, the second options line can be substituted 883its options. In that case, the second options line can be substituted
884as follows: 884as follows:
885 885
886install bonding1 /sbin/modprobe bonding -obond1 mode=balance-alb miimon=50 886install bond1 /sbin/modprobe --ignore-install bonding -o bond1 \
887 mode=balance-alb miimon=50
887 888
888 This may be repeated any number of times, specifying a new and 889 This may be repeated any number of times, specifying a new and
889unique name in place of bond1 for each subsequent instance. 890unique name in place of bond1 for each subsequent instance.
generated by cgit v1.2.2 (git 2.25.0) at 2024-12-25 07:29:13 -0500