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1 | Userspace communication protocol over connector [1]. | ||
2 | |||
3 | |||
4 | Message types. | ||
5 | ============= | ||
6 | |||
7 | There are three types of messages between w1 core and userspace: | ||
8 | 1. Events. They are generated each time new master or slave device found | ||
9 | either due to automatic or requested search. | ||
10 | 2. Userspace commands. Includes read/write and search/alarm search comamnds. | ||
11 | 3. Replies to userspace commands. | ||
12 | |||
13 | |||
14 | Protocol. | ||
15 | ======== | ||
16 | |||
17 | [struct cn_msg] - connector header. It's length field is equal to size of the attached data. | ||
18 | [struct w1_netlink_msg] - w1 netlink header. | ||
19 | __u8 type - message type. | ||
20 | W1_SLAVE_ADD/W1_SLAVE_REMOVE - slave add/remove events. | ||
21 | W1_MASTER_ADD/W1_MASTER_REMOVE - master add/remove events. | ||
22 | W1_MASTER_CMD - userspace command for bus master device (search/alarm search). | ||
23 | W1_SLAVE_CMD - userspace command for slave device (read/write/ search/alarm search | ||
24 | for bus master device where given slave device found). | ||
25 | __u8 res - reserved | ||
26 | __u16 len - size of attached to this header data. | ||
27 | union { | ||
28 | __u8 id; - slave unique device id | ||
29 | struct w1_mst { | ||
30 | __u32 id; - master's id. | ||
31 | __u32 res; - reserved | ||
32 | } mst; | ||
33 | } id; | ||
34 | |||
35 | [strucrt w1_netlink_cmd] - command for gived master or slave device. | ||
36 | __u8 cmd - command opcode. | ||
37 | W1_CMD_READ - read command. | ||
38 | W1_CMD_WRITE - write command. | ||
39 | W1_CMD_SEARCH - search command. | ||
40 | W1_CMD_ALARM_SEARCH - alarm search command. | ||
41 | __u8 res - reserved | ||
42 | __u16 len - length of data for this command. | ||
43 | For read command data must be allocated like for write command. | ||
44 | __u8 data[0] - data for this command. | ||
45 | |||
46 | |||
47 | Each connector message can include one or more w1_netlink_msg with zero of more attached w1_netlink_cmd messages. | ||
48 | |||
49 | For event messages there are no w1_netlink_cmd embedded structures, only connector header | ||
50 | and w1_netlink_msg strucutre with "len" field being zero and filled type (one of event types) | ||
51 | and id - either 8 bytes of slave unique id in host order, or master's id, which is assigned | ||
52 | to bus master device when it is added to w1 core. | ||
53 | |||
54 | Currently replies to userspace commands are only generated for read command request. | ||
55 | One reply is generated exactly for one w1_netlink_cmd read request. | ||
56 | Replies are not combined when sent - i.e. typical reply messages looks like the following: | ||
57 | [cn_msg][w1_netlink_msg][w1_netlink_cmd] | ||
58 | cn_msg.len = sizeof(struct w1_netlink_msg) + sizeof(struct w1_netlink_cmd) + cmd->len; | ||
59 | w1_netlink_msg.len = sizeof(struct w1_netlink_cmd) + cmd->len; | ||
60 | w1_netlink_cmd.len = cmd->len; | ||
61 | |||
62 | |||
63 | Operation steps in w1 core when new command is received. | ||
64 | ======================================================= | ||
65 | |||
66 | When new message (w1_netlink_msg) is received w1 core detects if it is master of slave request, | ||
67 | according to w1_netlink_msg.type field. | ||
68 | Then master or slave device is searched for. | ||
69 | When found, master device (requested or those one on where slave device is found) is locked. | ||
70 | If slave command is requested, then reset/select procedure is started to select given device. | ||
71 | |||
72 | Then all requested in w1_netlink_msg operations are performed one by one. | ||
73 | If command requires reply (like read command) it is sent on command completion. | ||
74 | |||
75 | When all commands (w1_netlink_cmd) are processed muster device is unlocked | ||
76 | and next w1_netlink_msg header processing started. | ||
77 | |||
78 | |||
79 | Connector [1] specific documentation. | ||
80 | ==================================== | ||
81 | |||
82 | Each connector message includes two u32 fields as "address". | ||
83 | w1 uses CN_W1_IDX and CN_W1_VAL defined in include/linux/connector.h header. | ||
84 | Each message also includes sequence and acknowledge numbers. | ||
85 | Sequence number for event messages is appropriate bus master sequence number increased with | ||
86 | each event message sent "through" this master. | ||
87 | Sequence number for userspace requests is set by userspace application. | ||
88 | Sequence number for reply is the same as was in request, and | ||
89 | acknowledge number is set to seq+1. | ||
90 | |||
91 | |||
92 | Additional documantion, source code examples. | ||
93 | ============================================ | ||
94 | |||
95 | 1. Documentation/connector | ||
96 | 2. http://tservice.net.ru/~s0mbre/archive/w1 | ||
97 | This archive includes userspace application w1d.c which | ||
98 | uses read/write/search commands for all master/slave devices found on the bus. | ||