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1 | Kernel driver ds1621 | ||
2 | ==================== | ||
3 | |||
4 | Supported chips: | ||
5 | * Dallas Semiconductor DS1621 | ||
6 | Prefix: 'ds1621' | ||
7 | Addresses scanned: I2C 0x48 - 0x4f | ||
8 | Datasheet: Publicly available at the Dallas Semiconductor website | ||
9 | http://www.dalsemi.com/ | ||
10 | * Dallas Semiconductor DS1625 | ||
11 | Prefix: 'ds1621' | ||
12 | Addresses scanned: I2C 0x48 - 0x4f | ||
13 | Datasheet: Publicly available at the Dallas Semiconductor website | ||
14 | http://www.dalsemi.com/ | ||
15 | |||
16 | Authors: | ||
17 | Christian W. Zuckschwerdt <zany@triq.net> | ||
18 | valuable contributions by Jan M. Sendler <sendler@sendler.de> | ||
19 | ported to 2.6 by Aurelien Jarno <aurelien@aurel32.net> | ||
20 | with the help of Jean Delvare <khali@linux-fr.org> | ||
21 | |||
22 | Module Parameters | ||
23 | ------------------ | ||
24 | |||
25 | * polarity int | ||
26 | Output's polarity: 0 = active high, 1 = active low | ||
27 | |||
28 | Description | ||
29 | ----------- | ||
30 | |||
31 | The DS1621 is a (one instance) digital thermometer and thermostat. It has | ||
32 | both high and low temperature limits which can be user defined (i.e. | ||
33 | programmed into non-volatile on-chip registers). Temperature range is -55 | ||
34 | degree Celsius to +125 in 0.5 increments. You may convert this into a | ||
35 | Fahrenheit range of -67 to +257 degrees with 0.9 steps. If polarity | ||
36 | parameter is not provided, original value is used. | ||
37 | |||
38 | As for the thermostat, behavior can also be programmed using the polarity | ||
39 | toggle. On the one hand ("heater"), the thermostat output of the chip, | ||
40 | Tout, will trigger when the low limit temperature is met or underrun and | ||
41 | stays high until the high limit is met or exceeded. On the other hand | ||
42 | ("cooler"), vice versa. That way "heater" equals "active low", whereas | ||
43 | "conditioner" equals "active high". Please note that the DS1621 data sheet | ||
44 | is somewhat misleading in this point since setting the polarity bit does | ||
45 | not simply invert Tout. | ||
46 | |||
47 | A second thing is that, during extensive testing, Tout showed a tolerance | ||
48 | of up to +/- 0.5 degrees even when compared against precise temperature | ||
49 | readings. Be sure to have a high vs. low temperature limit gap of al least | ||
50 | 1.0 degree Celsius to avoid Tout "bouncing", though! | ||
51 | |||
52 | As for alarms, you can read the alarm status of the DS1621 via the 'alarms' | ||
53 | /sys file interface. The result consists mainly of bit 6 and 5 of the | ||
54 | configuration register of the chip; bit 6 (0x40 or 64) is the high alarm | ||
55 | bit and bit 5 (0x20 or 32) the low one. These bits are set when the high or | ||
56 | low limits are met or exceeded and are reset by the module as soon as the | ||
57 | respective temperature ranges are left. | ||
58 | |||
59 | The alarm registers are in no way suitable to find out about the actual | ||
60 | status of Tout. They will only tell you about its history, whether or not | ||
61 | any of the limits have ever been met or exceeded since last power-up or | ||
62 | reset. Be aware: When testing, it showed that the status of Tout can change | ||
63 | with neither of the alarms set. | ||
64 | |||
65 | Temperature conversion of the DS1621 takes up to 1000ms; internal access to | ||
66 | non-volatile registers may last for 10ms or below. | ||
67 | |||
68 | High Accuracy Temperature Reading | ||
69 | --------------------------------- | ||
70 | |||
71 | As said before, the temperature issued via the 9-bit i2c-bus data is | ||
72 | somewhat arbitrary. Internally, the temperature conversion is of a | ||
73 | different kind that is explained (not so...) well in the DS1621 data sheet. | ||
74 | To cut the long story short: Inside the DS1621 there are two oscillators, | ||
75 | both of them biassed by a temperature coefficient. | ||
76 | |||
77 | Higher resolution of the temperature reading can be achieved using the | ||
78 | internal projection, which means taking account of REG_COUNT and REG_SLOPE | ||
79 | (the driver manages them): | ||
80 | |||
81 | Taken from Dallas Semiconductors App Note 068: 'Increasing Temperature | ||
82 | Resolution on the DS1620' and App Note 105: 'High Resolution Temperature | ||
83 | Measurement with Dallas Direct-to-Digital Temperature Sensors' | ||
84 | |||
85 | - Read the 9-bit temperature and strip the LSB (Truncate the .5 degs) | ||
86 | - The resulting value is TEMP_READ. | ||
87 | - Then, read REG_COUNT. | ||
88 | - And then, REG_SLOPE. | ||
89 | |||
90 | TEMP = TEMP_READ - 0.25 + ((REG_SLOPE - REG_COUNT) / REG_SLOPE) | ||
91 | |||
92 | Note that this is what the DONE bit in the DS1621 configuration register is | ||
93 | good for: Internally, one temperature conversion takes up to 1000ms. Before | ||
94 | that conversion is complete you will not be able to read valid things out | ||
95 | of REG_COUNT and REG_SLOPE. The DONE bit, as you may have guessed by now, | ||
96 | tells you whether the conversion is complete ("done", in plain English) and | ||
97 | thus, whether the values you read are good or not. | ||
98 | |||
99 | The DS1621 has two modes of operation: "Continuous" conversion, which can | ||
100 | be understood as the default stand-alone mode where the chip gets the | ||
101 | temperature and controls external devices via its Tout pin or tells other | ||
102 | i2c's about it if they care. The other mode is called "1SHOT", that means | ||
103 | that it only figures out about the temperature when it is explicitly told | ||
104 | to do so; this can be seen as power saving mode. | ||
105 | |||
106 | Now if you want to read REG_COUNT and REG_SLOPE, you have to either stop | ||
107 | the continuous conversions until the contents of these registers are valid, | ||
108 | or, in 1SHOT mode, you have to have one conversion made. | ||