4 files changed, 602 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/drivers/spi/Kconfig b/drivers/spi/Kconfig
index d3105104a297..9b21c5d77b4a 100644
--- a/drivers/spi/Kconfig
+++ b/drivers/spi/Kconfig
@@ -51,6 +51,19 @@ config SPI_MASTER
 comment "SPI Master Controller Drivers"
         depends on SPI_MASTER
 
+config SPI_BITBANG
+        tristate "Bitbanging SPI master"
+        depends on SPI_MASTER && EXPERIMENTAL
+        help
+          With a few GPIO pins, your system can bitbang the SPI protocol.
+          Select this to get SPI support through I/O pins (GPIO, parallel
+          port, etc).  Or, some systems' SPI master controller drivers use
+          this code to manage the per-word or per-transfer accesses to the
+          hardware shift registers.
+
+          This is library code, and is automatically selected by drivers that
+          need it.  You only need to select this explicitly to support driver
+          modules that aren't part of this kernel tree.
 
 #
 # Add new SPI master controllers in alphabetical order above this line
diff --git a/drivers/spi/Makefile b/drivers/spi/Makefile
index afd2321753b3..5da6a4df4012 100644
--- a/drivers/spi/Makefile
+++ b/drivers/spi/Makefile
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ endif
 obj-$(CONFIG_SPI_MASTER)                += spi.o
 
 # SPI master controller drivers (bus)
+obj-$(CONFIG_SPI_BITBANG)               += spi_bitbang.o
 #       ... add above this line ...
 
 # SPI protocol drivers (device/link on bus)
diff --git a/drivers/spi/spi_bitbang.c b/drivers/spi/spi_bitbang.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..44aff198eb96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/spi/spi_bitbang.c
@@ -0,0 +1,460 @@
+/*
+ * spi_bitbang.c - polling/bitbanging SPI master controller driver utilities
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+ */
+
+#include <linux/config.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/spinlock.h>
+#include <linux/workqueue.h>
+#include <linux/interrupt.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/errno.h>
+#include <linux/platform_device.h>
+
+#include <linux/spi/spi.h>
+#include <linux/spi/spi_bitbang.h>
+
+
+/*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+/*
+ * FIRST PART (OPTIONAL):  word-at-a-time spi_transfer support.
+ * Use this for GPIO or shift-register level hardware APIs.
+ *
+ * spi_bitbang_cs is in spi_device->controller_state, which is unavailable
+ * to glue code.  These bitbang setup() and cleanup() routines are always
+ * used, though maybe they're called from controller-aware code.
+ *
+ * chipselect() and friends may use use spi_device->controller_data and
+ * controller registers as appropriate.
+ *
+ *
+ * NOTE:  SPI controller pins can often be used as GPIO pins instead,
+ * which means you could use a bitbang driver either to get hardware
+ * working quickly, or testing for differences that aren't speed related.
+ */
+
+struct spi_bitbang_cs {
+        unsigned        nsecs;  /* (clock cycle time)/2 */
+        u32             (*txrx_word)(struct spi_device *spi, unsigned nsecs,
+                                        u32 word, u8 bits);
+        unsigned        (*txrx_bufs)(struct spi_device *,
+                                        u32 (*txrx_word)(
+                                                struct spi_device *spi,
+                                                unsigned nsecs,
+                                                u32 word, u8 bits),
+                                        unsigned, struct spi_transfer *);
+};
+
+static unsigned bitbang_txrx_8(
+        struct spi_device       *spi,
+        u32                     (*txrx_word)(struct spi_device *spi,
+                                        unsigned nsecs,
+                                        u32 word, u8 bits),
+        unsigned                ns,
+        struct spi_transfer     *t
+) {
+        unsigned                bits = spi->bits_per_word;
+        unsigned                count = t->len;
+        const u8                *tx = t->tx_buf;
+        u8                      *rx = t->rx_buf;
+
+        while (likely(count > 0)) {
+                u8              word = 0;
+
+                if (tx)
+                        word = *tx++;
+                word = txrx_word(spi, ns, word, bits);
+                if (rx)
+                        *rx++ = word;
+                count -= 1;
+        }
+        return t->len - count;
+}
+
+static unsigned bitbang_txrx_16(
+        struct spi_device       *spi,
+        u32                     (*txrx_word)(struct spi_device *spi,
+                                        unsigned nsecs,
+                                        u32 word, u8 bits),
+        unsigned                ns,
+        struct spi_transfer     *t
+) {
+        unsigned                bits = spi->bits_per_word;
+        unsigned                count = t->len;
+        const u16               *tx = t->tx_buf;
+        u16                     *rx = t->rx_buf;
+
+        while (likely(count > 1)) {
+                u16             word = 0;
+
+                if (tx)
+                        word = *tx++;
+                word = txrx_word(spi, ns, word, bits);
+                if (rx)
+                        *rx++ = word;
+                count -= 2;
+        }
+        return t->len - count;
+}
+
+static unsigned bitbang_txrx_32(
+        struct spi_device       *spi,
+        u32                     (*txrx_word)(struct spi_device *spi,
+                                        unsigned nsecs,
+                                        u32 word, u8 bits),
+        unsigned                ns,
+        struct spi_transfer     *t
+) {
+        unsigned                bits = spi->bits_per_word;
+        unsigned                count = t->len;
+        const u32               *tx = t->tx_buf;
+        u32                     *rx = t->rx_buf;
+
+        while (likely(count > 3)) {
+                u32             word = 0;
+
+                if (tx)
+                        word = *tx++;
+                word = txrx_word(spi, ns, word, bits);
+                if (rx)
+                        *rx++ = word;
+                count -= 4;
+        }
+        return t->len - count;
+}
+
+/**
+ * spi_bitbang_setup - default setup for per-word I/O loops
+ */
+int spi_bitbang_setup(struct spi_device *spi)
+{
+        struct spi_bitbang_cs   *cs = spi->controller_state;
+        struct spi_bitbang      *bitbang;
+
+        if (!cs) {
+                cs = kzalloc(sizeof *cs, SLAB_KERNEL);
+                if (!cs)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+                spi->controller_state = cs;
+        }
+        bitbang = spi_master_get_devdata(spi->master);
+
+        if (!spi->bits_per_word)
+                spi->bits_per_word = 8;
+
+        /* spi_transfer level calls that work per-word */
+        if (spi->bits_per_word <= 8)
+                cs->txrx_bufs = bitbang_txrx_8;
+        else if (spi->bits_per_word <= 16)
+                cs->txrx_bufs = bitbang_txrx_16;
+        else if (spi->bits_per_word <= 32)
+                cs->txrx_bufs = bitbang_txrx_32;
+        else
+                return -EINVAL;
+
+        /* per-word shift register access, in hardware or bitbanging */
+        cs->txrx_word = bitbang->txrx_word[spi->mode & (SPI_CPOL|SPI_CPHA)];
+        if (!cs->txrx_word)
+                return -EINVAL;
+
+        if (!spi->max_speed_hz)
+                spi->max_speed_hz = 500 * 1000;
+
+        /* nsecs = max(50, (clock period)/2), be optimistic */
+        cs->nsecs = (1000000000/2) / (spi->max_speed_hz);
+        if (cs->nsecs < 50)
+                cs->nsecs = 50;
+        if (cs->nsecs > MAX_UDELAY_MS * 1000)
+                return -EINVAL;
+
+        dev_dbg(&spi->dev, "%s, mode %d, %u bits/w, %u nsec\n",
+                        __FUNCTION__, spi->mode & (SPI_CPOL | SPI_CPHA),
+                        spi->bits_per_word, 2 * cs->nsecs);
+
+        /* NOTE we _need_ to call chipselect() early, ideally with adapter
+         * setup, unless the hardware defaults cooperate to avoid confusion
+         * between normal (active low) and inverted chipselects.
+         */
+
+        /* deselect chip (low or high) */
+        spin_lock(&bitbang->lock);
+        if (!bitbang->busy) {
+                bitbang->chipselect(spi, 0);
+                ndelay(cs->nsecs);
+        }
+        spin_unlock(&bitbang->lock);
+
+        return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(spi_bitbang_setup);
+
+/**
+ * spi_bitbang_cleanup - default cleanup for per-word I/O loops
+ */
+void spi_bitbang_cleanup(const struct spi_device *spi)
+{
+        kfree(spi->controller_state);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(spi_bitbang_cleanup);
+
+static int spi_bitbang_bufs(struct spi_device *spi, struct spi_transfer *t)
+{
+        struct spi_bitbang_cs   *cs = spi->controller_state;
+        unsigned                nsecs = cs->nsecs;
+
+        return cs->txrx_bufs(spi, cs->txrx_word, nsecs, t);
+}
+
+/*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+/*
+ * SECOND PART ... simple transfer queue runner.
+ *
+ * This costs a task context per controller, running the queue by
+ * performing each transfer in sequence.  Smarter hardware can queue
+ * several DMA transfers at once, and process several controller queues
+ * in parallel; this driver doesn't match such hardware very well.
+ *
+ * Drivers can provide word-at-a-time i/o primitives, or provide
+ * transfer-at-a-time ones to leverage dma or fifo hardware.
+ */
+static void bitbang_work(void *_bitbang)
+{
+        struct spi_bitbang      *bitbang = _bitbang;
+        unsigned long           flags;
+
+        spin_lock_irqsave(&bitbang->lock, flags);
+        bitbang->busy = 1;
+        while (!list_empty(&bitbang->queue)) {
+                struct spi_message      *m;
+                struct spi_device       *spi;
+                unsigned                nsecs;
+                struct spi_transfer     *t;
+                unsigned                tmp;
+                unsigned                chipselect;
+                int                     status;
+
+                m = container_of(bitbang->queue.next, struct spi_message,
+                                queue);
+                list_del_init(&m->queue);
+                spin_unlock_irqrestore(&bitbang->lock, flags);
+
+// FIXME this is made-up
+nsecs = 100;
+
+                spi = m->spi;
+                t = m->transfers;
+                tmp = 0;
+                chipselect = 0;
+                status = 0;
+
+                for (;;t++) {
+                        if (bitbang->shutdown) {
+                                status = -ESHUTDOWN;
+                                break;
+                        }
+
+                        /* set up default clock polarity, and activate chip */
+                        if (!chipselect) {
+                                bitbang->chipselect(spi, 1);
+                                ndelay(nsecs);
+                        }
+                        if (!t->tx_buf && !t->rx_buf && t->len) {
+                                status = -EINVAL;
+                                break;
+                        }
+
+                        /* transfer data */
+                        if (t->len) {
+                                /* FIXME if bitbang->use_dma, dma_map_single()
+                                 * before the transfer, and dma_unmap_single()
+                                 * afterwards, for either or both buffers...
+                                 */
+                                status = bitbang->txrx_bufs(spi, t);
+                        }
+                        if (status != t->len) {
+                                if (status > 0)
+                                        status = -EMSGSIZE;
+                                break;
+                        }
+                        m->actual_length += status;
+                        status = 0;
+
+                        /* protocol tweaks before next transfer */
+                        if (t->delay_usecs)
+                                udelay(t->delay_usecs);
+
+                        tmp++;
+                        if (tmp >= m->n_transfer)
+                                break;
+
+                        chipselect = !t->cs_change;
+                        if (chipselect);
+                                continue;
+
+                        bitbang->chipselect(spi, 0);
+
+                        /* REVISIT do we want the udelay here instead? */
+                        msleep(1);
+                }
+
+                tmp = m->n_transfer - 1;
+                tmp = m->transfers[tmp].cs_change;
+
+                m->status = status;
+                m->complete(m->context);
+
+                ndelay(2 * nsecs);
+                bitbang->chipselect(spi, status == 0 && tmp);
+                ndelay(nsecs);
+
+                spin_lock_irqsave(&bitbang->lock, flags);
+        }
+        bitbang->busy = 0;
+        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&bitbang->lock, flags);
+}
+
+/**
+ * spi_bitbang_transfer - default submit to transfer queue
+ */
+int spi_bitbang_transfer(struct spi_device *spi, struct spi_message *m)
+{
+        struct spi_bitbang      *bitbang;
+        unsigned long           flags;
+
+        m->actual_length = 0;
+        m->status = -EINPROGRESS;
+
+        bitbang = spi_master_get_devdata(spi->master);
+        if (bitbang->shutdown)
+                return -ESHUTDOWN;
+
+        spin_lock_irqsave(&bitbang->lock, flags);
+        list_add_tail(&m->queue, &bitbang->queue);
+        queue_work(bitbang->workqueue, &bitbang->work);
+        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&bitbang->lock, flags);
+
+        return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(spi_bitbang_transfer);
+
+/*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+/**
+ * spi_bitbang_start - start up a polled/bitbanging SPI master driver
+ * @bitbang: driver handle
+ *
+ * Caller should have zero-initialized all parts of the structure, and then
+ * provided callbacks for chip selection and I/O loops.  If the master has
+ * a transfer method, its final step should call spi_bitbang_transfer; or,
+ * that's the default if the transfer routine is not initialized.  It should
+ * also set up the bus number and number of chipselects.
+ *
+ * For i/o loops, provide callbacks either per-word (for bitbanging, or for
+ * hardware that basically exposes a shift register) or per-spi_transfer
+ * (which takes better advantage of hardware like fifos or DMA engines).
+ *
+ * Drivers using per-word I/O loops should use (or call) spi_bitbang_setup and
+ * spi_bitbang_cleanup to handle those spi master methods.  Those methods are
+ * the defaults if the bitbang->txrx_bufs routine isn't initialized.
+ *
+ * This routine registers the spi_master, which will process requests in a
+ * dedicated task, keeping IRQs unblocked most of the time.  To stop
+ * processing those requests, call spi_bitbang_stop().
+ */
+int spi_bitbang_start(struct spi_bitbang *bitbang)
+{
+        int     status;
+
+        if (!bitbang->master || !bitbang->chipselect)
+                return -EINVAL;
+
+        INIT_WORK(&bitbang->work, bitbang_work, bitbang);
+        spin_lock_init(&bitbang->lock);
+        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&bitbang->queue);
+
+        if (!bitbang->master->transfer)
+                bitbang->master->transfer = spi_bitbang_transfer;
+        if (!bitbang->txrx_bufs) {
+                bitbang->use_dma = 0;
+                bitbang->txrx_bufs = spi_bitbang_bufs;
+                if (!bitbang->master->setup) {
+                        bitbang->master->setup = spi_bitbang_setup;
+                        bitbang->master->cleanup = spi_bitbang_cleanup;
+                }
+        } else if (!bitbang->master->setup)
+                return -EINVAL;
+
+        /* this task is the only thing to touch the SPI bits */
+        bitbang->busy = 0;
+        bitbang->workqueue = create_singlethread_workqueue(
+                        bitbang->master->cdev.dev->bus_id);
+        if (bitbang->workqueue == NULL) {
+                status = -EBUSY;
+                goto err1;
+        }
+
+        /* driver may get busy before register() returns, especially
+         * if someone registered boardinfo for devices
+         */
+        status = spi_register_master(bitbang->master);
+        if (status < 0)
+                goto err2;
+
+        return status;
+
+err2:
+        destroy_workqueue(bitbang->workqueue);
+err1:
+        return status;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(spi_bitbang_start);
+
+/**
+ * spi_bitbang_stop - stops the task providing spi communication
+ */
+int spi_bitbang_stop(struct spi_bitbang *bitbang)
+{
+        unsigned        limit = 500;
+
+        spin_lock_irq(&bitbang->lock);
+        bitbang->shutdown = 0;
+        while (!list_empty(&bitbang->queue) && limit--) {
+                spin_unlock_irq(&bitbang->lock);
+
+                dev_dbg(bitbang->master->cdev.dev, "wait for queue\n");
+                msleep(10);
+
+                spin_lock_irq(&bitbang->lock);
+        }
+        spin_unlock_irq(&bitbang->lock);
+        if (!list_empty(&bitbang->queue)) {
+                dev_err(bitbang->master->cdev.dev, "queue didn't empty\n");
+                return -EBUSY;
+        }
+
+        destroy_workqueue(bitbang->workqueue);
+
+        spi_unregister_master(bitbang->master);
+
+        return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(spi_bitbang_stop);
+
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
diff --git a/include/linux/spi/spi_bitbang.h b/include/linux/spi/spi_bitbang.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..8dfe61a445f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/linux/spi/spi_bitbang.h
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+#ifndef __SPI_BITBANG_H
+#define __SPI_BITBANG_H
+
+/*
+ * Mix this utility code with some glue code to get one of several types of
+ * simple SPI master driver.  Two do polled word-at-a-time I/O:
+ *
+ *   -  GPIO/parport bitbangers.  Provide chipselect() and txrx_word[](),
+ *      expanding the per-word routines from the inline templates below.
+ *
+ *   -  Drivers for controllers resembling bare shift registers.  Provide
+ *      chipselect() and txrx_word[](), with custom setup()/cleanup() methods
+ *      that use your controller's clock and chipselect registers.
+ *
+ * Some hardware works well with requests at spi_transfer scope:
+ *
+ *   -  Drivers leveraging smarter hardware, with fifos or DMA; or for half
+ *      duplex (MicroWire) controllers.  Provide chipslect() and txrx_bufs(),
+ *      and custom setup()/cleanup() methods.
+ */
+struct spi_bitbang {
+        struct workqueue_struct *workqueue;
+        struct work_struct      work;
+
+        spinlock_t              lock;
+        struct list_head        queue;
+        u8                      busy;
+        u8                      shutdown;
+        u8                      use_dma;
+
+        struct spi_master       *master;
+
+        void    (*chipselect)(struct spi_device *spi, int is_on);
+
+        int     (*txrx_bufs)(struct spi_device *spi, struct spi_transfer *t);
+        u32     (*txrx_word[4])(struct spi_device *spi,
+                        unsigned nsecs,
+                        u32 word, u8 bits);
+};
+
+/* you can call these default bitbang->master methods from your custom
+ * methods, if you like.
+ */
+extern int spi_bitbang_setup(struct spi_device *spi);
+extern void spi_bitbang_cleanup(const struct spi_device *spi);
+extern int spi_bitbang_transfer(struct spi_device *spi, struct spi_message *m);
+
+/* start or stop queue processing */
+extern int spi_bitbang_start(struct spi_bitbang *spi);
+extern int spi_bitbang_stop(struct spi_bitbang *spi);
+
+#endif  /* __SPI_BITBANG_H */
+
+/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#ifdef  EXPAND_BITBANG_TXRX
+
+/*
+ * The code that knows what GPIO pins do what should have declared four
+ * functions, ideally as inlines, before #defining EXPAND_BITBANG_TXRX
+ * and including this header:
+ *
+ *  void setsck(struct spi_device *, int is_on);
+ *  void setmosi(struct spi_device *, int is_on);
+ *  int getmiso(struct spi_device *);
+ *  void spidelay(unsigned);
+ *
+ * A non-inlined routine would call bitbang_txrx_*() routines.  The
+ * main loop could easily compile down to a handful of instructions,
+ * especially if the delay is a NOP (to run at peak speed).
+ *
+ * Since this is software, the timings may not be exactly what your board's
+ * chips need ... there may be several reasons you'd need to tweak timings
+ * in these routines, not just make to make it faster or slower to match a
+ * particular CPU clock rate.
+ */
+
+static inline u32
+bitbang_txrx_be_cpha0(struct spi_device *spi,
+                unsigned nsecs, unsigned cpol,
+                u32 word, u8 bits)
+{
+        /* if (cpol == 0) this is SPI_MODE_0; else this is SPI_MODE_2 */
+
+        /* clock starts at inactive polarity */
+        for (word <<= (32 - bits); likely(bits); bits--) {
+
+                /* setup MSB (to slave) on trailing edge */
+                setmosi(spi, word & (1 << 31));
+                spidelay(nsecs);        /* T(setup) */
+
+                setsck(spi, !cpol);
+                spidelay(nsecs);
+
+                /* sample MSB (from slave) on leading edge */
+                word <<= 1;
+                word |= getmiso(spi);
+                setsck(spi, cpol);
+        }
+        return word;
+}
+
+static inline u32
+bitbang_txrx_be_cpha1(struct spi_device *spi,
+                unsigned nsecs, unsigned cpol,
+                u32 word, u8 bits)
+{
+        /* if (cpol == 0) this is SPI_MODE_1; else this is SPI_MODE_3 */
+
+        /* clock starts at inactive polarity */
+        for (word <<= (32 - bits); likely(bits); bits--) {
+
+                /* setup MSB (to slave) on leading edge */
+                setsck(spi, !cpol);
+                setmosi(spi, word & (1 << 31));
+                spidelay(nsecs); /* T(setup) */
+
+                setsck(spi, cpol);
+                spidelay(nsecs);
+
+                /* sample MSB (from slave) on trailing edge */
+                word <<= 1;
+                word |= getmiso(spi);
+        }
+        return word;
+}
+
+#endif  /* EXPAND_BITBANG_TXRX */