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1 | Optimized MPEG Filesystem (OMFS) | ||
2 | |||
3 | Overview | ||
4 | ======== | ||
5 | |||
6 | OMFS is a filesystem created by SonicBlue for use in the ReplayTV DVR | ||
7 | and Rio Karma MP3 player. The filesystem is extent-based, utilizing | ||
8 | block sizes from 2k to 8k, with hash-based directories. This | ||
9 | filesystem driver may be used to read and write disks from these | ||
10 | devices. | ||
11 | |||
12 | Note, it is not recommended that this FS be used in place of a general | ||
13 | filesystem for your own streaming media device. Native Linux filesystems | ||
14 | will likely perform better. | ||
15 | |||
16 | More information is available at: | ||
17 | |||
18 | http://linux-karma.sf.net/ | ||
19 | |||
20 | Various utilities, including mkomfs and omfsck, are included with | ||
21 | omfsprogs, available at: | ||
22 | |||
23 | http://bobcopeland.com/karma/ | ||
24 | |||
25 | Instructions are included in its README. | ||
26 | |||
27 | Options | ||
28 | ======= | ||
29 | |||
30 | OMFS supports the following mount-time options: | ||
31 | |||
32 | uid=n - make all files owned by specified user | ||
33 | gid=n - make all files owned by specified group | ||
34 | umask=xxx - set permission umask to xxx | ||
35 | fmask=xxx - set umask to xxx for files | ||
36 | dmask=xxx - set umask to xxx for directories | ||
37 | |||
38 | Disk format | ||
39 | =========== | ||
40 | |||
41 | OMFS discriminates between "sysblocks" and normal data blocks. The sysblock | ||
42 | group consists of super block information, file metadata, directory structures, | ||
43 | and extents. Each sysblock has a header containing CRCs of the entire | ||
44 | sysblock, and may be mirrored in successive blocks on the disk. A sysblock may | ||
45 | have a smaller size than a data block, but since they are both addressed by the | ||
46 | same 64-bit block number, any remaining space in the smaller sysblock is | ||
47 | unused. | ||
48 | |||
49 | Sysblock header information: | ||
50 | |||
51 | struct omfs_header { | ||
52 | __be64 h_self; /* FS block where this is located */ | ||
53 | __be32 h_body_size; /* size of useful data after header */ | ||
54 | __be16 h_crc; /* crc-ccitt of body_size bytes */ | ||
55 | char h_fill1[2]; | ||
56 | u8 h_version; /* version, always 1 */ | ||
57 | char h_type; /* OMFS_INODE_X */ | ||
58 | u8 h_magic; /* OMFS_IMAGIC */ | ||
59 | u8 h_check_xor; /* XOR of header bytes before this */ | ||
60 | __be32 h_fill2; | ||
61 | }; | ||
62 | |||
63 | Files and directories are both represented by omfs_inode: | ||
64 | |||
65 | struct omfs_inode { | ||
66 | struct omfs_header i_head; /* header */ | ||
67 | __be64 i_parent; /* parent containing this inode */ | ||
68 | __be64 i_sibling; /* next inode in hash bucket */ | ||
69 | __be64 i_ctime; /* ctime, in milliseconds */ | ||
70 | char i_fill1[35]; | ||
71 | char i_type; /* OMFS_[DIR,FILE] */ | ||
72 | __be32 i_fill2; | ||
73 | char i_fill3[64]; | ||
74 | char i_name[OMFS_NAMELEN]; /* filename */ | ||
75 | __be64 i_size; /* size of file, in bytes */ | ||
76 | }; | ||
77 | |||
78 | Directories in OMFS are implemented as a large hash table. Filenames are | ||
79 | hashed then prepended into the bucket list beginning at OMFS_DIR_START. | ||
80 | Lookup requires hashing the filename, then seeking across i_sibling pointers | ||
81 | until a match is found on i_name. Empty buckets are represented by block | ||
82 | pointers with all-1s (~0). | ||
83 | |||
84 | A file is an omfs_inode structure followed by an extent table beginning at | ||
85 | OMFS_EXTENT_START: | ||
86 | |||
87 | struct omfs_extent_entry { | ||
88 | __be64 e_cluster; /* start location of a set of blocks */ | ||
89 | __be64 e_blocks; /* number of blocks after e_cluster */ | ||
90 | }; | ||
91 | |||
92 | struct omfs_extent { | ||
93 | __be64 e_next; /* next extent table location */ | ||
94 | __be32 e_extent_count; /* total # extents in this table */ | ||
95 | __be32 e_fill; | ||
96 | struct omfs_extent_entry e_entry; /* start of extent entries */ | ||
97 | }; | ||
98 | |||
99 | Each extent holds the block offset followed by number of blocks allocated to | ||
100 | the extent. The final extent in each table is a terminator with e_cluster | ||
101 | being ~0 and e_blocks being ones'-complement of the total number of blocks | ||
102 | in the table. | ||
103 | |||
104 | If this table overflows, a continuation inode is written and pointed to by | ||
105 | e_next. These have a header but lack the rest of the inode structure. | ||
106 | |||