mm: numa: group related processes based on VMA flags instead of page table flags

These are three follow-on patches based on the xfsrepair workload Dave Chinner reported was problematic in 4.0-rc1 due to changes in page table management -- https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/3/1/226. Much of the problem was reduced by commit 53da3bc2ba9e ("mm: fix up numa read-only thread grouping logic") and commit ba68bc0115eb ("mm: thp: Return the correct value for change_huge_pmd"). It was known that the performance in 3.19 was still better even if is far less safe. This series aims to restore the performance without compromising on safety. For the test of this mail, I'm comparing 3.19 against 4.0-rc4 and the three patches applied on top autonumabench 3.19.0 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4 vanilla vanilla vmwrite-v5r8 preserve-v5r8 slowscan-v5r8 Time System-NUMA01 124.00 ( 0.00%) 161.86 (-30.53%) 107.13 ( 13.60%) 103.13 ( 16.83%) 145.01 (-16.94%) Time System-NUMA01_THEADLOCAL 115.54 ( 0.00%) 107.64 ( 6.84%) 131.87 (-14.13%) 83.30 ( 27.90%) 92.35 ( 20.07%) Time System-NUMA02 9.35 ( 0.00%) 10.44 (-11.66%) 8.95 ( 4.28%) 10.72 (-14.65%) 8.16 ( 12.73%) Time System-NUMA02_SMT 3.87 ( 0.00%) 4.63 (-19.64%) 4.57 (-18.09%) 3.99 ( -3.10%) 3.36 ( 13.18%) Time Elapsed-NUMA01 570.06 ( 0.00%) 567.82 ( 0.39%) 515.78 ( 9.52%) 517.26 ( 9.26%) 543.80 ( 4.61%) Time Elapsed-NUMA01_THEADLOCAL 393.69 ( 0.00%) 384.83 ( 2.25%) 384.10 ( 2.44%) 384.31 ( 2.38%) 380.73 ( 3.29%) Time Elapsed-NUMA02 49.09 ( 0.00%) 49.33 ( -0.49%) 48.86 ( 0.47%) 48.78 ( 0.63%) 50.94 ( -3.77%) Time Elapsed-NUMA02_SMT 47.51 ( 0.00%) 47.15 ( 0.76%) 47.98 ( -0.99%) 48.12 ( -1.28%) 49.56 ( -4.31%) 3.19.0 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4 vanilla vanillavmwrite-v5r8preserve-v5r8slowscan-v5r8 User 46334.60 46391.94 44383.95 43971.89 44372.12 System 252.84 284.66 252.61 201.24 249.00 Elapsed 1062.14 1050.96 998.68 1000.94 1026.78 Overall the system CPU usage is comparable and the test is naturally a bit variable. The slowing of the scanner hurts numa01 but on this machine it is an adverse workload and patches that dramatically help it often hurt absolutely everything else. Due to patch 2, the fault activity is interesting 3.19.0 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4 vanilla vanillavmwrite-v5r8preserve-v5r8slowscan-v5r8 Minor Faults 2097811 2656646 2597249 1981230 1636841 Major Faults 362 450 365 364 365 Note the impact preserving the write bit across protection updates and fault reduces faults. NUMA alloc hit 1229008 1217015 1191660 1178322 1199681 NUMA alloc miss 0 0 0 0 0 NUMA interleave hit 0 0 0 0 0 NUMA alloc local 1228514 1216317 1190871 1177448 1199021 NUMA base PTE updates 245706197 240041607 238195516 244704842 115012800 NUMA huge PMD updates 479530 468448 464868 477573 224487 NUMA page range updates 491225557 479886983 476207932 489222218 229950144 NUMA hint faults 659753 656503 641678 656926 294842 NUMA hint local faults 381604 373963 360478 337585 186249 NUMA hint local percent 57 56 56 51 63 NUMA pages migrated 5412140 6374899 6266530 5277468 5755096 AutoNUMA cost 5121% 5083% 4994% 5097% 2388% Here the impact of slowing the PTE scanner on migratrion failures is obvious as "NUMA base PTE updates" and "NUMA huge PMD updates" are massively reduced even though the headline performance is very similar. As xfsrepair was the reported workload here is the impact of the series on it. xfsrepair 3.19.0 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4 vanilla vanilla vmwrite-v5r8 preserve-v5r8 slowscan-v5r8 Min real-fsmark 1183.29 ( 0.00%) 1165.73 ( 1.48%) 1152.78 ( 2.58%) 1153.64 ( 2.51%) 1177.62 ( 0.48%) Min syst-fsmark 4107.85 ( 0.00%) 4027.75 ( 1.95%) 3986.74 ( 2.95%) 3979.16 ( 3.13%) 4048.76 ( 1.44%) Min real-xfsrepair 441.51 ( 0.00%) 463.96 ( -5.08%) 449.50 ( -1.81%) 440.08 ( 0.32%) 439.87 ( 0.37%) Min syst-xfsrepair 195.76 ( 0.00%) 278.47 (-42.25%) 262.34 (-34.01%) 203.70 ( -4.06%) 143.64 ( 26.62%) Amean real-fsmark 1188.30 ( 0.00%) 1177.34 ( 0.92%) 1157.97 ( 2.55%) 1158.21 ( 2.53%) 1182.22 ( 0.51%) Amean syst-fsmark 4111.37 ( 0.00%) 4055.70 ( 1.35%) 3987.19 ( 3.02%) 3998.72 ( 2.74%) 4061.69 ( 1.21%) Amean real-xfsrepair 450.88 ( 0.00%) 468.32 ( -3.87%) 454.14 ( -0.72%) 442.36 ( 1.89%) 440.59 ( 2.28%) Amean syst-xfsrepair 199.66 ( 0.00%) 290.60 (-45.55%) 277.20 (-38.84%) 204.68 ( -2.51%) 150.55 ( 24.60%) Stddev real-fsmark 4.12 ( 0.00%) 10.82 (-162.29%) 4.14 ( -0.28%) 5.98 (-45.05%) 4.60 (-11.53%) Stddev syst-fsmark 2.63 ( 0.00%) 20.32 (-671.82%) 0.37 ( 85.89%) 16.47 (-525.59%) 15.05 (-471.79%) Stddev real-xfsrepair 6.87 ( 0.00%) 4.55 ( 33.75%) 3.46 ( 49.58%) 1.78 ( 74.12%) 0.52 ( 92.50%) Stddev syst-xfsrepair 3.02 ( 0.00%) 10.30 (-241.37%) 13.17 (-336.37%) 0.71 ( 76.63%) 5.00 (-65.61%) CoeffVar real-fsmark 0.35 ( 0.00%) 0.92 (-164.73%) 0.36 ( -2.91%) 0.52 (-48.82%) 0.39 (-12.10%) CoeffVar syst-fsmark 0.06 ( 0.00%) 0.50 (-682.41%) 0.01 ( 85.45%) 0.41 (-543.22%) 0.37 (-478.78%) CoeffVar real-xfsrepair 1.52 ( 0.00%) 0.97 ( 36.21%) 0.76 ( 49.94%) 0.40 ( 73.62%) 0.12 ( 92.33%) CoeffVar syst-xfsrepair 1.51 ( 0.00%) 3.54 (-134.54%) 4.75 (-214.31%) 0.34 ( 77.20%) 3.32 (-119.63%) Max real-fsmark 1193.39 ( 0.00%) 1191.77 ( 0.14%) 1162.90 ( 2.55%) 1166.66 ( 2.24%) 1188.50 ( 0.41%) Max syst-fsmark 4114.18 ( 0.00%) 4075.45 ( 0.94%) 3987.65 ( 3.08%) 4019.45 ( 2.30%) 4082.80 ( 0.76%) Max real-xfsrepair 457.80 ( 0.00%) 474.60 ( -3.67%) 457.82 ( -0.00%) 444.42 ( 2.92%) 441.03 ( 3.66%) Max syst-xfsrepair 203.11 ( 0.00%) 303.65 (-49.50%) 294.35 (-44.92%) 205.33 ( -1.09%) 155.28 ( 23.55%) The really relevant lines as syst-xfsrepair which is the system CPU usage when running xfsrepair. Note that on my machine the overhead was 45% higher on 4.0-rc4 which may be part of what Dave is seeing. Once we preserve the write bit across faults, it's only 2.51% higher on average. With the full series applied, system CPU usage is 24.6% lower on average. Again, the impact of preserving the write bit on minor faults is obvious and the impact of slowing scanning after migration failures is obvious on the PTE updates. Note also that the number of pages migrated is much reduced even though the headline performance is comparable. 3.19.0 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4 vanilla vanillavmwrite-v5r8preserve-v5r8slowscan-v5r8 Minor Faults 153466827 254507978 249163829 153501373 105737890 Major Faults 610 702 690 649 724 NUMA base PTE updates 217735049 210756527 217729596 216937111 144344993 NUMA huge PMD updates 129294 85044 106921 127246 79887 NUMA pages migrated 21938995 29705270 28594162 22687324 16258075 3.19.0 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4 vanilla vanillavmwrite-v5r8preserve-v5r8slowscan-v5r8 Mean sdb-avgqusz 13.47 2.54 2.55 2.47 2.49 Mean sdb-avgrqsz 202.32 140.22 139.50 139.02 138.12 Mean sdb-await 25.92 5.09 5.33 5.02 5.22 Mean sdb-r_await 4.71 0.19 0.83 0.51 0.11 Mean sdb-w_await 104.13 5.21 5.38 5.05 5.32 Mean sdb-svctm 0.59 0.13 0.14 0.13 0.14 Mean sdb-rrqm 0.16 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mean sdb-wrqm 3.59 1799.43 1826.84 1812.21 1785.67 Max sdb-avgqusz 111.06 12.13 14.05 11.66 15.60 Max sdb-avgrqsz 255.60 190.34 190.01 187.33 191.78 Max sdb-await 168.24 39.28 49.22 44.64 65.62 Max sdb-r_await 660.00 52.00 280.00 76.00 12.00 Max sdb-w_await 7804.00 39.28 49.22 44.64 65.62 Max sdb-svctm 4.00 2.82 2.86 1.98 2.84 Max sdb-rrqm 8.30 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Max sdb-wrqm 34.20 5372.80 5278.60 5386.60 5546.15 FWIW, I also checked SPECjbb in different configurations but it's similar observations -- minor faults lower, PTE update activity lower and performance is roughly comparable against 3.19. This patch (of 3): Threads that share writable data within pages are grouped together as related tasks. This decision is based on whether the PTE is marked dirty which is subject to timing races between the PTE scanner update and when the application writes the page. If the page is file-backed, then background flushes and sync also affect placement. This is unpredictable behaviour which is impossible to reason about so this patch makes grouping decisions based on the VMA flags. Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Reported-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com> Tested-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> Cc: Aneesh Kumar <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
author: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> 2015-03-25 18:55:37 -0400
committer: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> 2015-03-25 19:20:31 -0400
commit: bea66fbd11af1ca98ae26855eea41eda8582923e (patch)
tree: 44d5e4d56a28d8898b3a15b4ad6514314e802245 /mm/memory.c
parent: 98cf21c61a7f5419d82f847c4d77bf6e96a76f5f (diff)
1 files changed, 11 insertions, 8 deletions
diff --git a/mm/memory.c b/mm/memory.c
index 411144f977b1..20beb6647dba 100644
--- a/mm/memory.c
+++ b/mm/memory.c
@@ -3069,16 +3069,19 @@ static int do_numa_page(struct mm_struct *mm, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
        }
        /*
-         * Avoid grouping on DSO/COW pages in specific and RO pages
+         * Avoid grouping on RO pages in general. RO pages shouldn't hurt as
-         * in general, RO pages shouldn't hurt as much anyway since
+         * much anyway since they can be in shared cache state. This misses
-         * they can be in shared cache state.
+         * the case where a mapping is writable but the process never writes
+         * to it but pte_write gets cleared during protection updates and
+         * pte_dirty has unpredictable behaviour between PTE scan updates,
+         * background writeback, dirty balancing and application behaviour.
         *
-         * FIXME! This checks "pmd_dirty()" as an approximation of
+         * TODO: Note that the ideal here would be to avoid a situation where a
-         * "is this a read-only page", since checking "pmd_write()"
+         * NUMA fault is taken immediately followed by a write fault in
-         * is even more broken. We haven't actually turned this into
+         * some cases which would have lower overhead overall but would be
-         * a writable page, so pmd_write() will always be false.
+         * invasive as the fault paths would need to be unified.
         */
-        if (!pte_dirty(pte))
+        if (!(vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE))
                flags |= TNF_NO_GROUP;
        /*
author	Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>	2015-03-25 18:55:37 -0400
committer	Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>	2015-03-25 19:20:31 -0400
commit	bea66fbd11af1ca98ae26855eea41eda8582923e (patch)
tree	44d5e4d56a28d8898b3a15b4ad6514314e802245 /mm/memory.c
parent	98cf21c61a7f5419d82f847c4d77bf6e96a76f5f (diff)

diff --git a/mm/memory.c b/mm/memory.c index 411144f977b1..20beb6647dba 100644 --- a/mm/memory.c +++ b/mm/memory.c
@@ -3069,16 +3069,19 @@ static int do_numa_page(struct mm_struct mm, struct vm_area_struct vma,
3069	}	3069	}
3070		3070
3071	/*	3071	/*
3072	* Avoid grouping on DSO/COW pages in specific and RO pages	3072	* Avoid grouping on RO pages in general. RO pages shouldn't hurt as
3073	* in general, RO pages shouldn't hurt as much anyway since	3073	* much anyway since they can be in shared cache state. This misses
3074	* they can be in shared cache state.	3074	* the case where a mapping is writable but the process never writes
		3075	* to it but pte_write gets cleared during protection updates and
		3076	* pte_dirty has unpredictable behaviour between PTE scan updates,
		3077	* background writeback, dirty balancing and application behaviour.
3075	*	3078	*
3076	* FIXME! This checks "pmd_dirty()" as an approximation of	3079	* TODO: Note that the ideal here would be to avoid a situation where a
3077	* "is this a read-only page", since checking "pmd_write()"	3080	* NUMA fault is taken immediately followed by a write fault in
3078	* is even more broken. We haven't actually turned this into	3081	* some cases which would have lower overhead overall but would be
3079	* a writable page, so pmd_write() will always be false.	3082	* invasive as the fault paths would need to be unified.
3080	*/	3083	*/
3081	if (!pte_dirty(pte))	3084	if (!(vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE))
3082	flags \|= TNF_NO_GROUP;	3085	flags \|= TNF_NO_GROUP;
3083		3086
3084	/*	3087	/*