nohz_full: Add full-system-idle state machine

This commit adds the state machine that takes the per-CPU idle data
as input and produces a full-system-idle indication as output.  This
state machine is driven out of RCU's quiescent-state-forcing
mechanism, which invokes rcu_sysidle_check_cpu() to collect per-CPU
idle state and then rcu_sysidle_report() to drive the state machine.

The full-system-idle state is sampled using rcu_sys_is_idle(), which
also drives the state machine if RCU is idle (and does so by forcing
RCU to become non-idle).  This function returns true if all but the
timekeeping CPU (tick_do_timer_cpu) are idle and have been idle long
enough to avoid memory contention on the full_sysidle_state state
variable.  The rcu_sysidle_force_exit() may be called externally
to reset the state machine back into non-idle state.

For large systems the state machine is driven out of RCU's
force-quiescent-state logic, which provides good scalability at the price
of millisecond-scale latencies on the transition to full-system-idle
state.  This is not so good for battery-powered systems, which are usually
small enough that they don't need to care about scalability, but which
do care deeply about energy efficiency.  Small systems therefore drive
the state machine directly out of the idle-entry code.  The number of
CPUs in a "small" system is defined by a new NO_HZ_FULL_SYSIDLE_SMALL
Kconfig parameter, which defaults to 8.  Note that this is a build-time
definition.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
[ paulmck: Use true and false for boolean constants per Lai Jiangshan. ]
Reviewed-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
[ paulmck: Simplify logic and provide better comments for memory barriers,
  based on review comments and questions by Lai Jiangshan. ]

1 files changed, 27 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/kernel/time/Kconfig b/kernel/time/Kconfig
index c7d2fd67799e..3381f098070f 100644
--- a/kernel/time/Kconfig
+++ b/kernel/time/Kconfig
@@ -157,6 +157,33 @@ config NO_HZ_FULL_SYSIDLE
 
          Say N if you are unsure.
 
+config NO_HZ_FULL_SYSIDLE_SMALL
+        int "Number of CPUs above which large-system approach is used"
+        depends on NO_HZ_FULL_SYSIDLE
+        range 1 NR_CPUS
+        default 8
+        help
+         The full-system idle detection mechanism takes a lazy approach
+         on large systems, as is required to attain decent scalability.
+         However, on smaller systems, scalability is not anywhere near as
+         large a concern as is energy efficiency.  The sysidle subsystem
+         therefore uses a fast but non-scalable algorithm for small
+         systems and a lazier but scalable algorithm for large systems.
+         This Kconfig parameter defines the number of CPUs in the largest
+         system that will be considered to be "small".
+
+         The default value will be fine in most cases.  Battery-powered
+         systems that (1) enable NO_HZ_FULL_SYSIDLE, (2) have larger
+         numbers of CPUs, and (3) are suffering from battery-lifetime
+         problems due to long sysidle latencies might wish to experiment
+         with larger values for this Kconfig parameter.  On the other
+         hand, they might be even better served by disabling NO_HZ_FULL
+         entirely, given that NO_HZ_FULL is intended for HPC and
+         real-time workloads that at present do not tend to be run on
+         battery-powered systems.
+
+         Take the default if you are unsure.
+
 config NO_HZ
         bool "Old Idle dynticks config"
         depends on !ARCH_USES_GETTIMEOFFSET && GENERIC_CLOCKEVENTS