cgroups: add a per-subsystem hierarchy_mutex

These patches introduce new locking/refcount support for cgroups to
reduce the need for subsystems to call cgroup_lock(). This will
ultimately allow the atomicity of cgroup_rmdir() (which was removed
recently) to be restored.

These three patches give:

1/3 - introduce a per-subsystem hierarchy_mutex which a subsystem can
     use to prevent changes to its own cgroup tree

2/3 - use hierarchy_mutex in place of calling cgroup_lock() in the
     memory controller

3/3 - introduce a css_tryget() function similar to the one recently
      proposed by Kamezawa, but avoiding spurious refcount failures in
      the event of a race between a css_tryget() and an unsuccessful
      cgroup_rmdir()

Future patches will likely involve:

- using hierarchy mutex in place of cgroup_lock() in more subsystems
 where appropriate

- restoring the atomicity of cgroup_rmdir() with respect to cgroup_create()

This patch:

Add a hierarchy_mutex to the cgroup_subsys object that protects changes to
the hierarchy observed by that subsystem.  It is taken by the cgroup
subsystem (in addition to cgroup_mutex) for the following operations:

- linking a cgroup into that subsystem's cgroup tree
- unlinking a cgroup from that subsystem's cgroup tree
- moving the subsystem to/from a hierarchy (including across the
  bind() callback)

Thus if the subsystem holds its own hierarchy_mutex, it can safely
traverse its own hierarchy.

Signed-off-by: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Tested-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

1 files changed, 16 insertions, 1 deletions

diff --git a/include/linux/cgroup.h b/include/linux/cgroup.h
index 73d1c730c3c4..ce1c1f34c30c 100644
--- a/include/linux/cgroup.h
+++ b/include/linux/cgroup.h
@@ -340,8 +340,23 @@ struct cgroup_subsys {
 #define MAX_CGROUP_TYPE_NAMELEN 32
         const char *name;
 
-        struct cgroupfs_root *root;
+        /*
+         * Protects sibling/children links of cgroups in this
+         * hierarchy, plus protects which hierarchy (or none) the
+         * subsystem is a part of (i.e. root/sibling).  To avoid
+         * potential deadlocks, the following operations should not be
+         * undertaken while holding any hierarchy_mutex:
+         *
+         * - allocating memory
+         * - initiating hotplug events
+         */
+        struct mutex hierarchy_mutex;
 
+        /*
+         * Link to parent, and list entry in parent's children.
+         * Protected by this->hierarchy_mutex and cgroup_lock()
+         */
+        struct cgroupfs_root *root;
         struct list_head sibling;
 };