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authorHans J. Koch <hjk@linutronix.de>2006-12-07 04:58:29 -0500
committerGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>2007-07-18 18:57:15 -0400
commitbeafc54c4e2fba24e1ca45cdb7f79d9aa83e3db1 (patch)
tree9f2d4060e4ab29b1483124fa398be30f72696b34 /drivers/uio
parent5bae7ac9feba925fd0099057f6b23d7be80b7b41 (diff)
UIO: Add the User IO core code
This interface allows the ability to write the majority of a driver in userspace with only a very small shell of a driver in the kernel itself. It uses a char device and sysfs to interact with a userspace process to process interrupts and control memory accesses. See the docbook documentation for more details on how to use this interface. From: Hans J. Koch <hjk@linutronix.de> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Benedikt Spranger <b.spranger@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Diffstat (limited to 'drivers/uio')
-rw-r--r--drivers/uio/Kconfig16
-rw-r--r--drivers/uio/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--drivers/uio/uio.c701
3 files changed, 718 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/drivers/uio/Kconfig b/drivers/uio/Kconfig
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..6b1a62d45e46
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/uio/Kconfig
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
1menu "Userspace I/O"
2 depends on !S390
3
4config UIO
5 tristate "Userspace I/O drivers"
6 default n
7 help
8 Enable this to allow the userspace driver core code to be
9 built. This code allows userspace programs easy access to
10 kernel interrupts and memory locations, allowing some drivers
11 to be written in userspace. Note that a small kernel driver
12 is also required for interrupt handling to work properly.
13
14 If you don't know what to do here, say N.
15
16endmenu
diff --git a/drivers/uio/Makefile b/drivers/uio/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..9b7c83063e15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/uio/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
obj-$(CONFIG_UIO) += uio.o
diff --git a/drivers/uio/uio.c b/drivers/uio/uio.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..865f32b63b5c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/uio/uio.c
@@ -0,0 +1,701 @@
1/*
2 * drivers/uio/uio.c
3 *
4 * Copyright(C) 2005, Benedikt Spranger <b.spranger@linutronix.de>
5 * Copyright(C) 2005, Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
6 * Copyright(C) 2006, Hans J. Koch <hjk@linutronix.de>
7 * Copyright(C) 2006, Greg Kroah-Hartman <greg@kroah.com>
8 *
9 * Userspace IO
10 *
11 * Base Functions
12 *
13 * Licensed under the GPLv2 only.
14 */
15
16#include <linux/module.h>
17#include <linux/init.h>
18#include <linux/poll.h>
19#include <linux/device.h>
20#include <linux/mm.h>
21#include <linux/idr.h>
22#include <linux/string.h>
23#include <linux/kobject.h>
24#include <linux/uio_driver.h>
25
26#define UIO_MAX_DEVICES 255
27
28struct uio_device {
29 struct module *owner;
30 struct device *dev;
31 int minor;
32 atomic_t event;
33 struct fasync_struct *async_queue;
34 wait_queue_head_t wait;
35 int vma_count;
36 struct uio_info *info;
37 struct kset map_attr_kset;
38};
39
40static int uio_major;
41static DEFINE_IDR(uio_idr);
42static struct file_operations uio_fops;
43
44/* UIO class infrastructure */
45static struct uio_class {
46 struct kref kref;
47 struct class *class;
48} *uio_class;
49
50/*
51 * attributes
52 */
53
54static struct attribute attr_addr = {
55 .name = "addr",
56 .mode = S_IRUGO,
57};
58
59static struct attribute attr_size = {
60 .name = "size",
61 .mode = S_IRUGO,
62};
63
64static struct attribute* map_attrs[] = {
65 &attr_addr, &attr_size, NULL
66};
67
68static ssize_t map_attr_show(struct kobject *kobj, struct attribute *attr,
69 char *buf)
70{
71 struct uio_mem *mem = container_of(kobj, struct uio_mem, kobj);
72
73 if (strncmp(attr->name,"addr",4) == 0)
74 return sprintf(buf, "0x%lx\n", mem->addr);
75
76 if (strncmp(attr->name,"size",4) == 0)
77 return sprintf(buf, "0x%lx\n", mem->size);
78
79 return -ENODEV;
80}
81
82static void map_attr_release(struct kobject *kobj)
83{
84 /* TODO ??? */
85}
86
87static struct sysfs_ops map_attr_ops = {
88 .show = map_attr_show,
89};
90
91static struct kobj_type map_attr_type = {
92 .release = map_attr_release,
93 .sysfs_ops = &map_attr_ops,
94 .default_attrs = map_attrs,
95};
96
97static ssize_t show_name(struct device *dev,
98 struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
99{
100 struct uio_device *idev = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
101 if (idev)
102 return sprintf(buf, "%s\n", idev->info->name);
103 else
104 return -ENODEV;
105}
106static DEVICE_ATTR(name, S_IRUGO, show_name, NULL);
107
108static ssize_t show_version(struct device *dev,
109 struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
110{
111 struct uio_device *idev = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
112 if (idev)
113 return sprintf(buf, "%s\n", idev->info->version);
114 else
115 return -ENODEV;
116}
117static DEVICE_ATTR(version, S_IRUGO, show_version, NULL);
118
119static ssize_t show_event(struct device *dev,
120 struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
121{
122 struct uio_device *idev = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
123 if (idev)
124 return sprintf(buf, "%u\n",
125 (unsigned int)atomic_read(&idev->event));
126 else
127 return -ENODEV;
128}
129static DEVICE_ATTR(event, S_IRUGO, show_event, NULL);
130
131static struct attribute *uio_attrs[] = {
132 &dev_attr_name.attr,
133 &dev_attr_version.attr,
134 &dev_attr_event.attr,
135 NULL,
136};
137
138static struct attribute_group uio_attr_grp = {
139 .attrs = uio_attrs,
140};
141
142/*
143 * device functions
144 */
145static int uio_dev_add_attributes(struct uio_device *idev)
146{
147 int ret;
148 int mi;
149 int map_found = 0;
150 struct uio_mem *mem;
151
152 ret = sysfs_create_group(&idev->dev->kobj, &uio_attr_grp);
153 if (ret)
154 goto err_group;
155
156 for (mi = 0; mi < MAX_UIO_MAPS; mi++) {
157 mem = &idev->info->mem[mi];
158 if (mem->size == 0)
159 break;
160 if (!map_found) {
161 map_found = 1;
162 kobject_set_name(&idev->map_attr_kset.kobj,"maps");
163 idev->map_attr_kset.ktype = &map_attr_type;
164 idev->map_attr_kset.kobj.parent = &idev->dev->kobj;
165 ret = kset_register(&idev->map_attr_kset);
166 if (ret)
167 goto err_remove_group;
168 }
169 kobject_init(&mem->kobj);
170 kobject_set_name(&mem->kobj,"map%d",mi);
171 mem->kobj.parent = &idev->map_attr_kset.kobj;
172 mem->kobj.kset = &idev->map_attr_kset;
173 ret = kobject_add(&mem->kobj);
174 if (ret)
175 goto err_remove_maps;
176 }
177
178 return 0;
179
180err_remove_maps:
181 for (mi--; mi>=0; mi--) {
182 mem = &idev->info->mem[mi];
183 kobject_unregister(&mem->kobj);
184 }
185 kset_unregister(&idev->map_attr_kset); /* Needed ? */
186err_remove_group:
187 sysfs_remove_group(&idev->dev->kobj, &uio_attr_grp);
188err_group:
189 dev_err(idev->dev, "error creating sysfs files (%d)\n", ret);
190 return ret;
191}
192
193static void uio_dev_del_attributes(struct uio_device *idev)
194{
195 int mi;
196 struct uio_mem *mem;
197 for (mi = 0; mi < MAX_UIO_MAPS; mi++) {
198 mem = &idev->info->mem[mi];
199 if (mem->size == 0)
200 break;
201 kobject_unregister(&mem->kobj);
202 }
203 kset_unregister(&idev->map_attr_kset);
204 sysfs_remove_group(&idev->dev->kobj, &uio_attr_grp);
205}
206
207static int uio_get_minor(struct uio_device *idev)
208{
209 static DEFINE_MUTEX(minor_lock);
210 int retval = -ENOMEM;
211 int id;
212
213 mutex_lock(&minor_lock);
214 if (idr_pre_get(&uio_idr, GFP_KERNEL) == 0)
215 goto exit;
216
217 retval = idr_get_new(&uio_idr, idev, &id);
218 if (retval < 0) {
219 if (retval == -EAGAIN)
220 retval = -ENOMEM;
221 goto exit;
222 }
223 idev->minor = id & MAX_ID_MASK;
224exit:
225 mutex_unlock(&minor_lock);
226 return retval;
227}
228
229static void uio_free_minor(struct uio_device *idev)
230{
231 idr_remove(&uio_idr, idev->minor);
232}
233
234/**
235 * uio_event_notify - trigger an interrupt event
236 * @info: UIO device capabilities
237 */
238void uio_event_notify(struct uio_info *info)
239{
240 struct uio_device *idev = info->uio_dev;
241
242 atomic_inc(&idev->event);
243 wake_up_interruptible(&idev->wait);
244 kill_fasync(&idev->async_queue, SIGIO, POLL_IN);
245}
246EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(uio_event_notify);
247
248/**
249 * uio_interrupt - hardware interrupt handler
250 * @irq: IRQ number, can be UIO_IRQ_CYCLIC for cyclic timer
251 * @dev_id: Pointer to the devices uio_device structure
252 */
253static irqreturn_t uio_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
254{
255 struct uio_device *idev = (struct uio_device *)dev_id;
256 irqreturn_t ret = idev->info->handler(irq, idev->info);
257
258 if (ret == IRQ_HANDLED)
259 uio_event_notify(idev->info);
260
261 return ret;
262}
263
264struct uio_listener {
265 struct uio_device *dev;
266 s32 event_count;
267};
268
269static int uio_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filep)
270{
271 struct uio_device *idev;
272 struct uio_listener *listener;
273 int ret = 0;
274
275 idev = idr_find(&uio_idr, iminor(inode));
276 if (!idev)
277 return -ENODEV;
278
279 listener = kmalloc(sizeof(*listener), GFP_KERNEL);
280 if (!listener)
281 return -ENOMEM;
282
283 listener->dev = idev;
284 listener->event_count = atomic_read(&idev->event);
285 filep->private_data = listener;
286
287 if (idev->info->open) {
288 if (!try_module_get(idev->owner))
289 return -ENODEV;
290 ret = idev->info->open(idev->info, inode);
291 module_put(idev->owner);
292 }
293
294 if (ret)
295 kfree(listener);
296
297 return ret;
298}
299
300static int uio_fasync(int fd, struct file *filep, int on)
301{
302 struct uio_listener *listener = filep->private_data;
303 struct uio_device *idev = listener->dev;
304
305 return fasync_helper(fd, filep, on, &idev->async_queue);
306}
307
308static int uio_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filep)
309{
310 int ret = 0;
311 struct uio_listener *listener = filep->private_data;
312 struct uio_device *idev = listener->dev;
313
314 if (idev->info->release) {
315 if (!try_module_get(idev->owner))
316 return -ENODEV;
317 ret = idev->info->release(idev->info, inode);
318 module_put(idev->owner);
319 }
320 if (filep->f_flags & FASYNC)
321 ret = uio_fasync(-1, filep, 0);
322 kfree(listener);
323 return ret;
324}
325
326static unsigned int uio_poll(struct file *filep, poll_table *wait)
327{
328 struct uio_listener *listener = filep->private_data;
329 struct uio_device *idev = listener->dev;
330
331 if (idev->info->irq == UIO_IRQ_NONE)
332 return -EIO;
333
334 poll_wait(filep, &idev->wait, wait);
335 if (listener->event_count != atomic_read(&idev->event))
336 return POLLIN | POLLRDNORM;
337 return 0;
338}
339
340static ssize_t uio_read(struct file *filep, char __user *buf,
341 size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
342{
343 struct uio_listener *listener = filep->private_data;
344 struct uio_device *idev = listener->dev;
345 DECLARE_WAITQUEUE(wait, current);
346 ssize_t retval;
347 s32 event_count;
348
349 if (idev->info->irq == UIO_IRQ_NONE)
350 return -EIO;
351
352 if (count != sizeof(s32))
353 return -EINVAL;
354
355 add_wait_queue(&idev->wait, &wait);
356
357 do {
358 set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
359
360 event_count = atomic_read(&idev->event);
361 if (event_count != listener->event_count) {
362 if (copy_to_user(buf, &event_count, count))
363 retval = -EFAULT;
364 else {
365 listener->event_count = event_count;
366 retval = count;
367 }
368 break;
369 }
370
371 if (filep->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
372 retval = -EAGAIN;
373 break;
374 }
375
376 if (signal_pending(current)) {
377 retval = -ERESTARTSYS;
378 break;
379 }
380 schedule();
381 } while (1);
382
383 __set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
384 remove_wait_queue(&idev->wait, &wait);
385
386 return retval;
387}
388
389static int uio_find_mem_index(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
390{
391 int mi;
392 struct uio_device *idev = vma->vm_private_data;
393
394 for (mi = 0; mi < MAX_UIO_MAPS; mi++) {
395 if (idev->info->mem[mi].size == 0)
396 return -1;
397 if (vma->vm_pgoff == mi)
398 return mi;
399 }
400 return -1;
401}
402
403static void uio_vma_open(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
404{
405 struct uio_device *idev = vma->vm_private_data;
406 idev->vma_count++;
407}
408
409static void uio_vma_close(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
410{
411 struct uio_device *idev = vma->vm_private_data;
412 idev->vma_count--;
413}
414
415static struct page *uio_vma_nopage(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
416 unsigned long address, int *type)
417{
418 struct uio_device *idev = vma->vm_private_data;
419 struct page* page = NOPAGE_SIGBUS;
420
421 int mi = uio_find_mem_index(vma);
422 if (mi < 0)
423 return page;
424
425 if (idev->info->mem[mi].memtype == UIO_MEM_LOGICAL)
426 page = virt_to_page(idev->info->mem[mi].addr);
427 else
428 page = vmalloc_to_page((void*)idev->info->mem[mi].addr);
429 get_page(page);
430 if (type)
431 *type = VM_FAULT_MINOR;
432 return page;
433}
434
435static struct vm_operations_struct uio_vm_ops = {
436 .open = uio_vma_open,
437 .close = uio_vma_close,
438 .nopage = uio_vma_nopage,
439};
440
441static int uio_mmap_physical(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
442{
443 struct uio_device *idev = vma->vm_private_data;
444 int mi = uio_find_mem_index(vma);
445 if (mi < 0)
446 return -EINVAL;
447
448 vma->vm_flags |= VM_IO | VM_RESERVED;
449
450 return remap_pfn_range(vma,
451 vma->vm_start,
452 idev->info->mem[mi].addr >> PAGE_SHIFT,
453 vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start,
454 vma->vm_page_prot);
455}
456
457static int uio_mmap_logical(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
458{
459 vma->vm_flags |= VM_RESERVED;
460 vma->vm_ops = &uio_vm_ops;
461 uio_vma_open(vma);
462 return 0;
463}
464
465static int uio_mmap(struct file *filep, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
466{
467 struct uio_listener *listener = filep->private_data;
468 struct uio_device *idev = listener->dev;
469 int mi;
470 unsigned long requested_pages, actual_pages;
471 int ret = 0;
472
473 if (vma->vm_end < vma->vm_start)
474 return -EINVAL;
475
476 vma->vm_private_data = idev;
477
478 mi = uio_find_mem_index(vma);
479 if (mi < 0)
480 return -EINVAL;
481
482 requested_pages = (vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
483 actual_pages = (idev->info->mem[mi].size + PAGE_SIZE -1) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
484 if (requested_pages > actual_pages)
485 return -EINVAL;
486
487 if (idev->info->mmap) {
488 if (!try_module_get(idev->owner))
489 return -ENODEV;
490 ret = idev->info->mmap(idev->info, vma);
491 module_put(idev->owner);
492 return ret;
493 }
494
495 switch (idev->info->mem[mi].memtype) {
496 case UIO_MEM_PHYS:
497 return uio_mmap_physical(vma);
498 case UIO_MEM_LOGICAL:
499 case UIO_MEM_VIRTUAL:
500 return uio_mmap_logical(vma);
501 default:
502 return -EINVAL;
503 }
504}
505
506static struct file_operations uio_fops = {
507 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
508 .open = uio_open,
509 .release = uio_release,
510 .read = uio_read,
511 .mmap = uio_mmap,
512 .poll = uio_poll,
513 .fasync = uio_fasync,
514};
515
516static int uio_major_init(void)
517{
518 uio_major = register_chrdev(0, "uio", &uio_fops);
519 if (uio_major < 0)
520 return uio_major;
521 return 0;
522}
523
524static void uio_major_cleanup(void)
525{
526 unregister_chrdev(uio_major, "uio");
527}
528
529static int init_uio_class(void)
530{
531 int ret = 0;
532
533 if (uio_class != NULL) {
534 kref_get(&uio_class->kref);
535 goto exit;
536 }
537
538 /* This is the first time in here, set everything up properly */
539 ret = uio_major_init();
540 if (ret)
541 goto exit;
542
543 uio_class = kzalloc(sizeof(*uio_class), GFP_KERNEL);
544 if (!uio_class) {
545 ret = -ENOMEM;
546 goto err_kzalloc;
547 }
548
549 kref_init(&uio_class->kref);
550 uio_class->class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "uio");
551 if (IS_ERR(uio_class->class)) {
552 ret = IS_ERR(uio_class->class);
553 printk(KERN_ERR "class_create failed for uio\n");
554 goto err_class_create;
555 }
556 return 0;
557
558err_class_create:
559 kfree(uio_class);
560 uio_class = NULL;
561err_kzalloc:
562 uio_major_cleanup();
563exit:
564 return ret;
565}
566
567static void release_uio_class(struct kref *kref)
568{
569 /* Ok, we cheat as we know we only have one uio_class */
570 class_destroy(uio_class->class);
571 kfree(uio_class);
572 uio_major_cleanup();
573 uio_class = NULL;
574}
575
576static void uio_class_destroy(void)
577{
578 if (uio_class)
579 kref_put(&uio_class->kref, release_uio_class);
580}
581
582/**
583 * uio_register_device - register a new userspace IO device
584 * @owner: module that creates the new device
585 * @parent: parent device
586 * @info: UIO device capabilities
587 *
588 * returns zero on success or a negative error code.
589 */
590int __uio_register_device(struct module *owner,
591 struct device *parent,
592 struct uio_info *info)
593{
594 struct uio_device *idev;
595 int ret = 0;
596
597 if (!parent || !info || !info->name || !info->version)
598 return -EINVAL;
599
600 info->uio_dev = NULL;
601
602 ret = init_uio_class();
603 if (ret)
604 return ret;
605
606 idev = kzalloc(sizeof(*idev), GFP_KERNEL);
607 if (!idev) {
608 ret = -ENOMEM;
609 goto err_kzalloc;
610 }
611
612 idev->owner = owner;
613 idev->info = info;
614 init_waitqueue_head(&idev->wait);
615 atomic_set(&idev->event, 0);
616
617 ret = uio_get_minor(idev);
618 if (ret)
619 goto err_get_minor;
620
621 idev->dev = device_create(uio_class->class, parent,
622 MKDEV(uio_major, idev->minor),
623 "uio%d", idev->minor);
624 if (IS_ERR(idev->dev)) {
625 printk(KERN_ERR "UIO: device register failed\n");
626 ret = PTR_ERR(idev->dev);
627 goto err_device_create;
628 }
629 dev_set_drvdata(idev->dev, idev);
630
631 ret = uio_dev_add_attributes(idev);
632 if (ret)
633 goto err_uio_dev_add_attributes;
634
635 info->uio_dev = idev;
636
637 if (idev->info->irq >= 0) {
638 ret = request_irq(idev->info->irq, uio_interrupt,
639 idev->info->irq_flags, idev->info->name, idev);
640 if (ret)
641 goto err_request_irq;
642 }
643
644 return 0;
645
646err_request_irq:
647 uio_dev_del_attributes(idev);
648err_uio_dev_add_attributes:
649 device_destroy(uio_class->class, MKDEV(uio_major, idev->minor));
650err_device_create:
651 uio_free_minor(idev);
652err_get_minor:
653 kfree(idev);
654err_kzalloc:
655 uio_class_destroy();
656 return ret;
657}
658EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__uio_register_device);
659
660/**
661 * uio_unregister_device - unregister a industrial IO device
662 * @info: UIO device capabilities
663 *
664 */
665void uio_unregister_device(struct uio_info *info)
666{
667 struct uio_device *idev;
668
669 if (!info || !info->uio_dev)
670 return;
671
672 idev = info->uio_dev;
673
674 uio_free_minor(idev);
675
676 if (info->irq >= 0)
677 free_irq(info->irq, idev);
678
679 uio_dev_del_attributes(idev);
680
681 dev_set_drvdata(idev->dev, NULL);
682 device_destroy(uio_class->class, MKDEV(uio_major, idev->minor));
683 kfree(idev);
684 uio_class_destroy();
685
686 return;
687}
688EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(uio_unregister_device);
689
690static int __init uio_init(void)
691{
692 return 0;
693}
694
695static void __exit uio_exit(void)
696{
697}
698
699module_init(uio_init)
700module_exit(uio_exit)
701MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");