x86: make lazy %gs optional on x86_32

Impact: pt_regs changed, lazy gs handling made optional, add slight
        overhead to SAVE_ALL, simplifies error_code path a bit

On x86_32, %gs hasn't been used by kernel and handled lazily.  pt_regs
doesn't have place for it and gs is saved/loaded only when necessary.
In preparation for stack protector support, this patch makes lazy %gs
handling optional by doing the followings.

* Add CONFIG_X86_32_LAZY_GS and place for gs in pt_regs.

* Save and restore %gs along with other registers in entry_32.S unless
  LAZY_GS.  Note that this unfortunately adds "pushl $0" on SAVE_ALL
  even when LAZY_GS.  However, it adds no overhead to common exit path
  and simplifies entry path with error code.

* Define different user_gs accessors depending on LAZY_GS and add
  lazy_save_gs() and lazy_load_gs() which are noop if !LAZY_GS.  The
  lazy_*_gs() ops are used to save, load and clear %gs lazily.

* Define ELF_CORE_COPY_KERNEL_REGS() which always read %gs directly.

xen and lguest changes need to be verified.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

11 files changed, 158 insertions, 40 deletions

diff --git a/arch/x86/Kconfig b/arch/x86/Kconfig
index 5c8e353c1122..5bcdede71ba4 100644
--- a/arch/x86/Kconfig
+++ b/arch/x86/Kconfig
@@ -207,6 +207,10 @@ config X86_TRAMPOLINE
         depends on X86_SMP || (X86_VOYAGER && SMP) || (64BIT && ACPI_SLEEP)
         default y
 
+config X86_32_LAZY_GS
+        def_bool y
+        depends on X86_32
+
 config KTIME_SCALAR
         def_bool X86_32
 source "init/Kconfig"
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/elf.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/elf.h
index 39b0aac1675c..83c1bc8d2e8a 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/elf.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/elf.h
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ extern unsigned int vdso_enabled;
  * now struct_user_regs, they are different)
  */
 
-#define ELF_CORE_COPY_REGS(pr_reg, regs)        \
+#define ELF_CORE_COPY_REGS_COMMON(pr_reg, regs) \
 do {                                            \
         pr_reg[0] = regs->bx;                   \
         pr_reg[1] = regs->cx;                   \
@@ -124,7 +124,6 @@ do {						\
         pr_reg[7] = regs->ds & 0xffff;          \
         pr_reg[8] = regs->es & 0xffff;          \
         pr_reg[9] = regs->fs & 0xffff;          \
-        pr_reg[10] = get_user_gs(regs);         \
         pr_reg[11] = regs->orig_ax;             \
         pr_reg[12] = regs->ip;                  \
         pr_reg[13] = regs->cs & 0xffff;         \
@@ -133,6 +132,18 @@ do {						\
         pr_reg[16] = regs->ss & 0xffff;         \
 } while (0);
 
+#define ELF_CORE_COPY_REGS(pr_reg, regs)        \
+do {                                            \
+        ELF_CORE_COPY_REGS_COMMON(pr_reg, regs);\
+        pr_reg[10] = get_user_gs(regs);         \
+} while (0);
+
+#define ELF_CORE_COPY_KERNEL_REGS(pr_reg, regs) \
+do {                                            \
+        ELF_CORE_COPY_REGS_COMMON(pr_reg, regs);\
+        savesegment(gs, pr_reg[10]);            \
+} while (0);
+
 #define ELF_PLATFORM    (utsname()->machine)
 #define set_personality_64bit() do { } while (0)
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/mmu_context.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/mmu_context.h
index 4955165682c5..f923203dc39a 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/mmu_context.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/mmu_context.h
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ do {						\
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
 #define deactivate_mm(tsk, mm)                  \
 do {                                            \
-        set_user_gs(task_pt_regs(tsk), 0);      \
+        lazy_load_gs(0);                        \
 } while (0)
 #else
 #define deactivate_mm(tsk, mm)                  \
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/ptrace.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/ptrace.h
index 6d34d954c228..e304b66abeea 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/ptrace.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/ptrace.h
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ struct pt_regs {
         int  xds;
         int  xes;
         int  xfs;
-        /* int  gs; */
+        int  xgs;
         long orig_eax;
         long eip;
         int  xcs;
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ struct pt_regs {
         unsigned long ds;
         unsigned long es;
         unsigned long fs;
-        /* int  gs; */
+        unsigned long gs;
         unsigned long orig_ax;
         unsigned long ip;
         unsigned long cs;
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/system.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/system.h
index 70c74b8db875..79b98e5b96f4 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/system.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/system.h
@@ -186,10 +186,20 @@ extern void native_load_gs_index(unsigned);
  * x86_32 user gs accessors.
  */
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
+#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32_LAZY_GS
 #define get_user_gs(regs)       (u16)({unsigned long v; savesegment(gs, v); v;})
 #define set_user_gs(regs, v)    loadsegment(gs, (unsigned long)(v))
 #define task_user_gs(tsk)       ((tsk)->thread.gs)
-#endif
+#define lazy_save_gs(v)         savesegment(gs, (v))
+#define lazy_load_gs(v)         loadsegment(gs, (v))
+#else   /* X86_32_LAZY_GS */
+#define get_user_gs(regs)       (u16)((regs)->gs)
+#define set_user_gs(regs, v)    do { (regs)->gs = (v); } while (0)
+#define task_user_gs(tsk)       (task_pt_regs(tsk)->gs)
+#define lazy_save_gs(v)         do { } while (0)
+#define lazy_load_gs(v)         do { } while (0)
+#endif  /* X86_32_LAZY_GS */
+#endif  /* X86_32 */
 
 static inline unsigned long get_limit(unsigned long segment)
 {
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/asm-offsets_32.c b/arch/x86/kernel/asm-offsets_32.c
index ee4df08feee6..fbf2f33e3080 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/asm-offsets_32.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/asm-offsets_32.c
@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@ void foo(void)
         OFFSET(PT_DS,  pt_regs, ds);
         OFFSET(PT_ES,  pt_regs, es);
         OFFSET(PT_FS,  pt_regs, fs);
+        OFFSET(PT_GS,  pt_regs, gs);
         OFFSET(PT_ORIG_EAX, pt_regs, orig_ax);
         OFFSET(PT_EIP, pt_regs, ip);
         OFFSET(PT_CS,  pt_regs, cs);
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/entry_32.S b/arch/x86/kernel/entry_32.S
index c461925d3b64..82e6868bee47 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/entry_32.S
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/entry_32.S
@@ -30,12 +30,13 @@
  *      1C(%esp) - %ds
  *      20(%esp) - %es
  *      24(%esp) - %fs
- *      28(%esp) - orig_eax
- *      2C(%esp) - %eip
- *      30(%esp) - %cs
- *      34(%esp) - %eflags
- *      38(%esp) - %oldesp
- *      3C(%esp) - %oldss
+ *      28(%esp) - %gs          saved iff !CONFIG_X86_32_LAZY_GS
+ *      2C(%esp) - orig_eax
+ *      30(%esp) - %eip
+ *      34(%esp) - %cs
+ *      38(%esp) - %eflags
+ *      3C(%esp) - %oldesp
+ *      40(%esp) - %oldss
  *
  * "current" is in register %ebx during any slow entries.
  */
@@ -101,8 +102,99 @@
 #define resume_userspace_sig    resume_userspace
 #endif
 
+/*
+ * User gs save/restore
+ *
+ * %gs is used for userland TLS and kernel only uses it for stack
+ * canary which is required to be at %gs:20 by gcc.  Read the comment
+ * at the top of stackprotector.h for more info.
+ *
+ * Local labels 98 and 99 are used.
+ */
+#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32_LAZY_GS
+
+ /* unfortunately push/pop can't be no-op */
+.macro PUSH_GS
+        pushl $0
+        CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET 4
+.endm
+.macro POP_GS pop=0
+        addl $(4 + \pop), %esp
+        CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET -(4 + \pop)
+.endm
+.macro POP_GS_EX
+.endm
+
+ /* all the rest are no-op */
+.macro PTGS_TO_GS
+.endm
+.macro PTGS_TO_GS_EX
+.endm
+.macro GS_TO_REG reg
+.endm
+.macro REG_TO_PTGS reg
+.endm
+.macro SET_KERNEL_GS reg
+.endm
+
+#else   /* CONFIG_X86_32_LAZY_GS */
+
+.macro PUSH_GS
+        pushl %gs
+        CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET 4
+        /*CFI_REL_OFFSET gs, 0*/
+.endm
+
+.macro POP_GS pop=0
+98:     popl %gs
+        CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET -4
+        /*CFI_RESTORE gs*/
+  .if \pop <> 0
+        add $\pop, %esp
+        CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET -\pop
+  .endif
+.endm
+.macro POP_GS_EX
+.pushsection .fixup, "ax"
+99:     movl $0, (%esp)
+        jmp 98b
+.section __ex_table, "a"
+        .align 4
+        .long 98b, 99b
+.popsection
+.endm
+
+.macro PTGS_TO_GS
+98:     mov PT_GS(%esp), %gs
+.endm
+.macro PTGS_TO_GS_EX
+.pushsection .fixup, "ax"
+99:     movl $0, PT_GS(%esp)
+        jmp 98b
+.section __ex_table, "a"
+        .align 4
+        .long 98b, 99b
+.popsection
+.endm
+
+.macro GS_TO_REG reg
+        movl %gs, \reg
+        /*CFI_REGISTER gs, \reg*/
+.endm
+.macro REG_TO_PTGS reg
+        movl \reg, PT_GS(%esp)
+        /*CFI_REL_OFFSET gs, PT_GS*/
+.endm
+.macro SET_KERNEL_GS reg
+        xorl \reg, \reg
+        movl \reg, %gs
+.endm
+
+#endif  /* CONFIG_X86_32_LAZY_GS */
+
 .macro SAVE_ALL
         cld
+        PUSH_GS
         pushl %fs
         CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET 4
         /*CFI_REL_OFFSET fs, 0;*/
@@ -138,6 +230,7 @@
         movl %edx, %es
         movl $(__KERNEL_PERCPU), %edx
         movl %edx, %fs
+        SET_KERNEL_GS %edx
 .endm
 
 .macro RESTORE_INT_REGS
@@ -164,7 +257,7 @@
         CFI_RESTORE eax
 .endm
 
-.macro RESTORE_REGS
+.macro RESTORE_REGS pop=0
         RESTORE_INT_REGS
 1:      popl %ds
         CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET -4
@@ -175,6 +268,7 @@
 3:      popl %fs
         CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET -4
         /*CFI_RESTORE fs;*/
+        POP_GS \pop
 .pushsection .fixup, "ax"
 4:      movl $0, (%esp)
         jmp 1b
@@ -188,6 +282,7 @@
         .long 2b, 5b
         .long 3b, 6b
 .popsection
+        POP_GS_EX
 .endm
 
 .macro RING0_INT_FRAME
@@ -368,6 +463,7 @@ sysenter_exit:
         xorl %ebp,%ebp
         TRACE_IRQS_ON
 1:      mov  PT_FS(%esp), %fs
+        PTGS_TO_GS
         ENABLE_INTERRUPTS_SYSEXIT
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_AUDITSYSCALL
@@ -416,6 +512,7 @@ sysexit_audit:
         .align 4
         .long 1b,2b
 .popsection
+        PTGS_TO_GS_EX
 ENDPROC(ia32_sysenter_target)
 
         # system call handler stub
@@ -458,8 +555,7 @@ restore_all:
 restore_nocheck:
         TRACE_IRQS_IRET
 restore_nocheck_notrace:
-        RESTORE_REGS
-        addl $4, %esp                   # skip orig_eax/error_code
+        RESTORE_REGS 4                  # skip orig_eax/error_code
         CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET -4
 irq_return:
         INTERRUPT_RETURN
@@ -1078,7 +1174,10 @@ ENTRY(page_fault)
         CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET 4
         ALIGN
 error_code:
-        /* the function address is in %fs's slot on the stack */
+        /* the function address is in %gs's slot on the stack */
+        pushl %fs
+        CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET 4
+        /*CFI_REL_OFFSET fs, 0*/
         pushl %es
         CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET 4
         /*CFI_REL_OFFSET es, 0*/
@@ -1107,20 +1206,15 @@ error_code:
         CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET 4
         CFI_REL_OFFSET ebx, 0
         cld
-        pushl %fs
-        CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET 4
-        /*CFI_REL_OFFSET fs, 0*/
         movl $(__KERNEL_PERCPU), %ecx
         movl %ecx, %fs
         UNWIND_ESPFIX_STACK
-        popl %ecx
-        CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET -4
-        /*CFI_REGISTER es, ecx*/
-        movl PT_FS(%esp), %edi          # get the function address
+        GS_TO_REG %ecx
+        movl PT_GS(%esp), %edi          # get the function address
         movl PT_ORIG_EAX(%esp), %edx    # get the error code
         movl $-1, PT_ORIG_EAX(%esp)     # no syscall to restart
-        mov  %ecx, PT_FS(%esp)
-        /*CFI_REL_OFFSET fs, ES*/
+        REG_TO_PTGS %ecx
+        SET_KERNEL_GS %ecx
         movl $(__USER_DS), %ecx
         movl %ecx, %ds
         movl %ecx, %es
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/process_32.c b/arch/x86/kernel/process_32.c
index d58a340e1be3..86122fa2a1ba 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/process_32.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/process_32.c
@@ -539,7 +539,7 @@ __switch_to(struct task_struct *prev_p, struct task_struct *next_p)
          * used %fs or %gs (it does not today), or if the kernel is
          * running inside of a hypervisor layer.
          */
-        savesegment(gs, prev->gs);
+        lazy_save_gs(prev->gs);
 
         /*
          * Load the per-thread Thread-Local Storage descriptor.
@@ -585,7 +585,7 @@ __switch_to(struct task_struct *prev_p, struct task_struct *next_p)
          * Restore %gs if needed (which is common)
          */
         if (prev->gs | next->gs)
-                loadsegment(gs, next->gs);
+                lazy_load_gs(next->gs);
 
         percpu_write(current_task, next_p);
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/ptrace.c b/arch/x86/kernel/ptrace.c
index 508b6b57d0c3..7ec39ab37a2d 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/ptrace.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/ptrace.c
@@ -75,10 +75,7 @@ static inline bool invalid_selector(u16 value)
 static unsigned long *pt_regs_access(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long regno)
 {
         BUILD_BUG_ON(offsetof(struct pt_regs, bx) != 0);
-        regno >>= 2;
-        if (regno > FS)
-                --regno;
-        return &regs->bx + regno;
+        return &regs->bx + (regno >> 2);
 }
 
 static u16 get_segment_reg(struct task_struct *task, unsigned long offset)
diff --git a/arch/x86/lguest/boot.c b/arch/x86/lguest/boot.c
index 19e33b6cd593..da2e314f61b5 100644
--- a/arch/x86/lguest/boot.c
+++ b/arch/x86/lguest/boot.c
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ static void lguest_load_tls(struct thread_struct *t, unsigned int cpu)
         /* There's one problem which normal hardware doesn't have: the Host
          * can't handle us removing entries we're currently using.  So we clear
          * the GS register here: if it's needed it'll be reloaded anyway. */
-        loadsegment(gs, 0);
+        lazy_load_gs(0);
         lazy_hcall(LHCALL_LOAD_TLS, __pa(&t->tls_array), cpu, 0);
 }
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/xen/enlighten.c b/arch/x86/xen/enlighten.c
index 37230342c2c4..95ff6a0e942a 100644
--- a/arch/x86/xen/enlighten.c
+++ b/arch/x86/xen/enlighten.c
@@ -323,13 +323,14 @@ static void load_TLS_descriptor(struct thread_struct *t,
 static void xen_load_tls(struct thread_struct *t, unsigned int cpu)
 {
         /*
-         * XXX sleazy hack: If we're being called in a lazy-cpu zone,
-         * it means we're in a context switch, and %gs has just been
-         * saved.  This means we can zero it out to prevent faults on
-         * exit from the hypervisor if the next process has no %gs.
-         * Either way, it has been saved, and the new value will get
-         * loaded properly.  This will go away as soon as Xen has been
-         * modified to not save/restore %gs for normal hypercalls.
+         * XXX sleazy hack: If we're being called in a lazy-cpu zone
+         * and lazy gs handling is enabled, it means we're in a
+         * context switch, and %gs has just been saved.  This means we
+         * can zero it out to prevent faults on exit from the
+         * hypervisor if the next process has no %gs.  Either way, it
+         * has been saved, and the new value will get loaded properly.
+         * This will go away as soon as Xen has been modified to not
+         * save/restore %gs for normal hypercalls.
          *
          * On x86_64, this hack is not used for %gs, because gs points
          * to KERNEL_GS_BASE (and uses it for PDA references), so we
@@ -341,7 +342,7 @@ static void xen_load_tls(struct thread_struct *t, unsigned int cpu)
          */
         if (paravirt_get_lazy_mode() == PARAVIRT_LAZY_CPU) {
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
-                loadsegment(gs, 0);
+                lazy_load_gs(0);
 #else
                 loadsegment(fs, 0);
 #endif