Merge branch 'fix/misc' into topic/misc

236 files changed, 40174 insertions, 1180 deletions

diff --git a/Documentation/ABI/stable/sysfs-class-backlight b/Documentation/ABI/stable/sysfs-class-backlight
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..4d637e1c4ff7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/ABI/stable/sysfs-class-backlight
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+What:           /sys/class/backlight/<backlight>/bl_power
+Date:           April 2005
+KernelVersion:  2.6.12
+Contact:        Richard Purdie <rpurdie@rpsys.net>
+Description:
+                Control BACKLIGHT power, values are FB_BLANK_* from fb.h
+                 - FB_BLANK_UNBLANK (0)   : power on.
+                 - FB_BLANK_POWERDOWN (4) : power off
+Users:          HAL
+
+What:           /sys/class/backlight/<backlight>/brightness
+Date:           April 2005
+KernelVersion:  2.6.12
+Contact:        Richard Purdie <rpurdie@rpsys.net>
+Description:
+                Control the brightness for this <backlight>. Values
+                are between 0 and max_brightness. This file will also
+                show the brightness level stored in the driver, which
+                may not be the actual brightness (see actual_brightness).
+Users:          HAL
+
+What:           /sys/class/backlight/<backlight>/actual_brightness
+Date:           March 2006
+KernelVersion:  2.6.17
+Contact:        Richard Purdie <rpurdie@rpsys.net>
+Description:
+                Show the actual brightness by querying the hardware.
+Users:          HAL
+
+What:           /sys/class/backlight/<backlight>/max_brightness
+Date:           April 2005
+KernelVersion:  2.6.12
+Contact:        Richard Purdie <rpurdie@rpsys.net>
+Description:
+                Maximum brightness for <backlight>.
+Users:          HAL
diff --git a/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-bus-pci-devices-cciss b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-bus-pci-devices-cciss
index 0a92a7c93a62..4f29e5f1ebfa 100644
--- a/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-bus-pci-devices-cciss
+++ b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-bus-pci-devices-cciss
@@ -31,3 +31,31 @@ Date:		March 2009
 Kernel Version: 2.6.30
 Contact:        iss_storagedev@hp.com
 Description:    A symbolic link to /sys/block/cciss!cXdY
+
+Where:          /sys/bus/pci/devices/<dev>/ccissX/rescan
+Date:           August 2009
+Kernel Version: 2.6.31
+Contact:        iss_storagedev@hp.com
+Description:    Kicks of a rescan of the controller to discover logical
+                drive topology changes.
+
+Where:          /sys/bus/pci/devices/<dev>/ccissX/cXdY/lunid
+Date:           August 2009
+Kernel Version: 2.6.31
+Contact:        iss_storagedev@hp.com
+Description:    Displays the 8-byte LUN ID used to address logical
+                drive Y of controller X.
+
+Where:          /sys/bus/pci/devices/<dev>/ccissX/cXdY/raid_level
+Date:           August 2009
+Kernel Version: 2.6.31
+Contact:        iss_storagedev@hp.com
+Description:    Displays the RAID level of logical drive Y of
+                controller X.
+
+Where:          /sys/bus/pci/devices/<dev>/ccissX/cXdY/usage_count
+Date:           August 2009
+Kernel Version: 2.6.31
+Contact:        iss_storagedev@hp.com
+Description:    Displays the usage count (number of opens) of logical drive Y
+                of controller X.
diff --git a/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-class-lcd b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-class-lcd
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..35906bf7aa70
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-class-lcd
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+What:           /sys/class/lcd/<lcd>/lcd_power
+Date:           April 2005
+KernelVersion:  2.6.12
+Contact:        Richard Purdie <rpurdie@rpsys.net>
+Description:
+                Control LCD power, values are FB_BLANK_* from fb.h
+                 - FB_BLANK_UNBLANK (0)   : power on.
+                 - FB_BLANK_POWERDOWN (4) : power off
+
+What:           /sys/class/lcd/<lcd>/contrast
+Date:           April 2005
+KernelVersion:  2.6.12
+Contact:        Richard Purdie <rpurdie@rpsys.net>
+Description:
+                Current contrast of this LCD device. Value is between 0 and
+                /sys/class/lcd/<lcd>/max_contrast.
+
+What:           /sys/class/lcd/<lcd>/max_contrast
+Date:           April 2005
+KernelVersion:  2.6.12
+Contact:        Richard Purdie <rpurdie@rpsys.net>
+Description:
+                Maximum contrast for this LCD device.
diff --git a/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-class-led b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-class-led
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..9e4541d71cb6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-class-led
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+What:           /sys/class/leds/<led>/brightness
+Date:           March 2006
+KernelVersion:  2.6.17
+Contact:        Richard Purdie <rpurdie@rpsys.net>
+Description:
+                Set the brightness of the LED. Most LEDs don't
+                have hardware brightness support so will just be turned on for
+                non-zero brightness settings. The value is between 0 and
+                /sys/class/leds/<led>/max_brightness.
+
+What:           /sys/class/leds/<led>/max_brightness
+Date:           March 2006
+KernelVersion:  2.6.17
+Contact:        Richard Purdie <rpurdie@rpsys.net>
+Description:
+                Maximum brightness level for this led, default is 255 (LED_FULL).
+
+What:           /sys/class/leds/<led>/trigger
+Date:           March 2006
+KernelVersion:  2.6.17
+Contact:        Richard Purdie <rpurdie@rpsys.net>
+Description:
+                Set the trigger for this LED. A trigger is a kernel based source
+                of led events.
+                You can change triggers in a similar manner to the way an IO
+                scheduler is chosen. Trigger specific parameters can appear in
+                /sys/class/leds/<led> once a given trigger is selected.
+
diff --git a/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-gpio b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-gpio
index 8aab8092ad35..80f4c94c7bef 100644
--- a/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-gpio
+++ b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-gpio
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ Description:
         /gpioN ... for each exported GPIO #N
             /value ... always readable, writes fail for input GPIOs
             /direction ... r/w as: in, out (default low); write: high, low
+            /edge ... r/w as: none, falling, rising, both
         /gpiochipN ... for each gpiochip; #N is its first GPIO
             /base ... (r/o) same as N
             /label ... (r/o) descriptive, not necessarily unique
diff --git a/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-platform-asus-laptop b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-platform-asus-laptop
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..a1cb660c50cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-platform-asus-laptop
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+What:           /sys/devices/platform/asus-laptop/display
+Date:           January 2007
+KernelVersion:  2.6.20
+Contact:        "Corentin Chary" <corentincj@iksaif.net>
+Description:
+                This file allows display switching. The value
+                is composed by 4 bits and defined as follow:
+                4321
+                |||`- LCD
+                ||`-- CRT
+                |`--- TV
+                `---- DVI
+                Ex: - 0 (0000b) means no display
+                    - 3 (0011b) CRT+LCD.
+
+What:           /sys/devices/platform/asus-laptop/gps
+Date:           January 2007
+KernelVersion:  2.6.20
+Contact:        "Corentin Chary" <corentincj@iksaif.net>
+Description:
+                Control the gps device. 1 means on, 0 means off.
+Users:          Lapsus
+
+What:           /sys/devices/platform/asus-laptop/ledd
+Date:           January 2007
+KernelVersion:  2.6.20
+Contact:        "Corentin Chary" <corentincj@iksaif.net>
+Description:
+                Some models like the W1N have a LED display that can be
+                used to display several informations.
+                To control the LED display, use the following :
+                    echo 0x0T000DDD > /sys/devices/platform/asus-laptop/
+                where T control the 3 letters display, and DDD the 3 digits display.
+                The DDD table can be found in Documentation/laptops/asus-laptop.txt
+
+What:           /sys/devices/platform/asus-laptop/bluetooth
+Date:           January 2007
+KernelVersion:  2.6.20
+Contact:        "Corentin Chary" <corentincj@iksaif.net>
+Description:
+                Control the bluetooth device. 1 means on, 0 means off.
+                This may control the led, the device or both.
+Users:          Lapsus
+
+What:           /sys/devices/platform/asus-laptop/wlan
+Date:           January 2007
+KernelVersion:  2.6.20
+Contact:        "Corentin Chary" <corentincj@iksaif.net>
+Description:
+                Control the bluetooth device. 1 means on, 0 means off.
+                This may control the led, the device or both.
+Users:          Lapsus
diff --git a/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-platform-eeepc-laptop b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-platform-eeepc-laptop
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..7445dfb321b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-platform-eeepc-laptop
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+What:           /sys/devices/platform/eeepc-laptop/disp
+Date:           May 2008
+KernelVersion:  2.6.26
+Contact:        "Corentin Chary" <corentincj@iksaif.net>
+Description:
+                This file allows display switching.
+                - 1 = LCD
+                - 2 = CRT
+                - 3 = LCD+CRT
+                If you run X11, you should use xrandr instead.
+
+What:           /sys/devices/platform/eeepc-laptop/camera
+Date:           May 2008
+KernelVersion:  2.6.26
+Contact:        "Corentin Chary" <corentincj@iksaif.net>
+Description:
+                Control the camera. 1 means on, 0 means off.
+
+What:           /sys/devices/platform/eeepc-laptop/cardr
+Date:           May 2008
+KernelVersion:  2.6.26
+Contact:        "Corentin Chary" <corentincj@iksaif.net>
+Description:
+                Control the card reader. 1 means on, 0 means off.
+
+What:           /sys/devices/platform/eeepc-laptop/cpufv
+Date:           Jun 2009
+KernelVersion:  2.6.31
+Contact:        "Corentin Chary" <corentincj@iksaif.net>
+Description:
+                Change CPU clock configuration.
+                On the Eee PC 1000H there are three available clock configuration:
+                    * 0 -> Super Performance Mode
+                    * 1 -> High Performance Mode
+                    * 2 -> Power Saving Mode
+                On Eee PC 701 there is only 2 available clock configurations.
+                Available configuration are listed in available_cpufv file.
+                Reading this file will show the raw hexadecimal value which
+                is defined as follow:
+                | 8 bit | 8 bit |
+                    |       `---- Current mode
+                    `------------ Availables modes
+                For example, 0x301 means: mode 1 selected, 3 available modes.
+
+What:           /sys/devices/platform/eeepc-laptop/available_cpufv
+Date:           Jun 2009
+KernelVersion:  2.6.31
+Contact:        "Corentin Chary" <corentincj@iksaif.net>
+Description:
+                List available cpufv modes.
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/Makefile b/Documentation/DocBook/Makefile
index 9632444f6c62..ab8300f67182 100644
--- a/Documentation/DocBook/Makefile
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/Makefile
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ DOCBOOKS := z8530book.xml mcabook.xml device-drivers.xml \
             genericirq.xml s390-drivers.xml uio-howto.xml scsi.xml \
             mac80211.xml debugobjects.xml sh.xml regulator.xml \
             alsa-driver-api.xml writing-an-alsa-driver.xml \
-            tracepoint.xml
+            tracepoint.xml media.xml
 
 ###
 # The build process is as follows (targets):
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ PS_METHOD	= $(prefer-db2x)
 
 ###
 # The targets that may be used.
-PHONY += xmldocs sgmldocs psdocs pdfdocs htmldocs mandocs installmandocs cleandocs
+PHONY += xmldocs sgmldocs psdocs pdfdocs htmldocs mandocs installmandocs cleandocs media
 
 BOOKS := $(addprefix $(obj)/,$(DOCBOOKS))
 xmldocs: $(BOOKS)
@@ -45,12 +45,16 @@ PDF := $(patsubst %.xml, %.pdf, $(BOOKS))
 pdfdocs: $(PDF)
 
 HTML := $(sort $(patsubst %.xml, %.html, $(BOOKS)))
-htmldocs: $(HTML)
+htmldocs: media $(HTML)
         $(call build_main_index)
 
 MAN := $(patsubst %.xml, %.9, $(BOOKS))
 mandocs: $(MAN)
 
+media:
+        mkdir -p $(srctree)/Documentation/DocBook/media/
+        cp $(srctree)/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/*.png $(srctree)/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/*.gif $(srctree)/Documentation/DocBook/media/
+
 installmandocs: mandocs
         mkdir -p /usr/local/man/man9/
         install Documentation/DocBook/man/*.9.gz /usr/local/man/man9/
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/.gitignore b/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..d7ec32eafac9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+!*.xml
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/audio.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/audio.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..eeb96b8a0864
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/audio.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,1473 @@
+<title>DVB Audio Device</title>
+<para>The DVB audio device controls the MPEG2 audio decoder of the DVB hardware. It
+can be accessed through <emphasis role="tt">/dev/dvb/adapter0/audio0</emphasis>. Data types and and
+ioctl definitions can be accessed by including <emphasis role="tt">linux/dvb/video.h</emphasis> in your
+application.
+</para>
+<para>Please note that some DVB cards don&#8217;t have their own MPEG decoder, which results in
+the omission of the audio and video device.
+</para>
+
+<section id="audio_data_types">
+<title>Audio Data Types</title>
+<para>This section describes the structures, data types and defines used when talking to the
+audio device.
+</para>
+
+<section id="audio_stream_source_t">
+<title>audio_stream_source_t</title>
+<para>The audio stream source is set through the AUDIO_SELECT_SOURCE call and can take
+the following values, depending on whether we are replaying from an internal (demux) or
+external (user write) source.
+</para>
+<programlisting>
+ typedef enum {
+         AUDIO_SOURCE_DEMUX,
+         AUDIO_SOURCE_MEMORY
+ } audio_stream_source_t;
+</programlisting>
+<para>AUDIO_SOURCE_DEMUX selects the demultiplexer (fed either by the frontend or the
+DVR device) as the source of the video stream. If AUDIO_SOURCE_MEMORY
+is selected the stream comes from the application through the <emphasis role="tt">write()</emphasis> system
+call.
+</para>
+
+</section>
+<section id="audio_play_state_t">
+<title>audio_play_state_t</title>
+<para>The following values can be returned by the AUDIO_GET_STATUS call representing the
+state of audio playback.
+</para>
+<programlisting>
+ typedef enum {
+         AUDIO_STOPPED,
+         AUDIO_PLAYING,
+         AUDIO_PAUSED
+ } audio_play_state_t;
+</programlisting>
+
+</section>
+<section id="audio_channel_select_t">
+<title>audio_channel_select_t</title>
+<para>The audio channel selected via AUDIO_CHANNEL_SELECT is determined by the
+following values.
+</para>
+<programlisting>
+ typedef enum {
+         AUDIO_STEREO,
+         AUDIO_MONO_LEFT,
+         AUDIO_MONO_RIGHT,
+ } audio_channel_select_t;
+</programlisting>
+
+</section>
+<section id="struct_audio_status">
+<title>struct audio_status</title>
+<para>The AUDIO_GET_STATUS call returns the following structure informing about various
+states of the playback operation.
+</para>
+<programlisting>
+ typedef struct audio_status {
+         boolean AV_sync_state;
+         boolean mute_state;
+         audio_play_state_t play_state;
+         audio_stream_source_t stream_source;
+         audio_channel_select_t channel_select;
+         boolean bypass_mode;
+ } audio_status_t;
+</programlisting>
+
+</section>
+<section id="struct_audio_mixer">
+<title>struct audio_mixer</title>
+<para>The following structure is used by the AUDIO_SET_MIXER call to set the audio
+volume.
+</para>
+<programlisting>
+ typedef struct audio_mixer {
+         unsigned int volume_left;
+         unsigned int volume_right;
+ } audio_mixer_t;
+</programlisting>
+
+</section>
+<section id="audio_encodings">
+<title>audio encodings</title>
+<para>A call to AUDIO_GET_CAPABILITIES returns an unsigned integer with the following
+bits set according to the hardwares capabilities.
+</para>
+<programlisting>
+ #define AUDIO_CAP_DTS    1
+ #define AUDIO_CAP_LPCM   2
+ #define AUDIO_CAP_MP1    4
+ #define AUDIO_CAP_MP2    8
+ #define AUDIO_CAP_MP3   16
+ #define AUDIO_CAP_AAC   32
+ #define AUDIO_CAP_OGG   64
+ #define AUDIO_CAP_SDDS 128
+ #define AUDIO_CAP_AC3  256
+</programlisting>
+
+</section>
+<section id="struct_audio_karaoke">
+<title>struct audio_karaoke</title>
+<para>The ioctl AUDIO_SET_KARAOKE uses the following format:
+</para>
+<programlisting>
+ typedef
+ struct audio_karaoke{
+         int vocal1;
+         int vocal2;
+         int melody;
+ } audio_karaoke_t;
+</programlisting>
+<para>If Vocal1 or Vocal2 are non-zero, they get mixed into left and right t at 70% each. If both,
+Vocal1 and Vocal2 are non-zero, Vocal1 gets mixed into the left channel and Vocal2 into the
+right channel at 100% each. Ff Melody is non-zero, the melody channel gets mixed into left
+and right.
+</para>
+
+</section>
+<section id="audio_attributes">
+<title>audio attributes</title>
+<para>The following attributes can be set by a call to AUDIO_SET_ATTRIBUTES:
+</para>
+<programlisting>
+ typedef uint16_t audio_attributes_t;
+ /&#x22C6;   bits: descr. &#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6;   15-13 audio coding mode (0=ac3, 2=mpeg1, 3=mpeg2ext, 4=LPCM, 6=DTS, &#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6;   12    multichannel extension &#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6;   11-10 audio type (0=not spec, 1=language included) &#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6;    9- 8 audio application mode (0=not spec, 1=karaoke, 2=surround) &#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6;    7- 6 Quantization / DRC (mpeg audio: 1=DRC exists)(lpcm: 0=16bit,  &#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6;    5- 4 Sample frequency fs (0=48kHz, 1=96kHz) &#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6;    2- 0 number of audio channels (n+1 channels) &#x22C6;/
+</programlisting>
+ </section></section>
+<section id="audio_function_calls">
+<title>Audio Function Calls</title>
+
+
+<section id="audio_fopen">
+<title>open()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This system call opens a named audio device (e.g. /dev/dvb/adapter0/audio0)
+ for subsequent use. When an open() call has succeeded, the device will be ready
+ for use. The significance of blocking or non-blocking mode is described in the
+ documentation for functions where there is a difference. It does not affect the
+ semantics of the open() call itself. A device opened in blocking mode can later
+ be put into non-blocking mode (and vice versa) using the F_SETFL command
+ of the fcntl system call. This is a standard system call, documented in the Linux
+ manual page for fcntl. Only one user can open the Audio Device in O_RDWR
+ mode. All other attempts to open the device in this mode will fail, and an error
+ code will be returned. If the Audio Device is opened in O_RDONLY mode, the
+ only ioctl call that can be used is AUDIO_GET_STATUS. All other call will
+ return with an error code.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int open(const char &#x22C6;deviceName, int flags);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>const char
+ *deviceName</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Name of specific audio device.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int flags</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>A bit-wise OR of the following flags:</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>O_RDONLY read-only access</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>O_RDWR read/write access</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>O_NONBLOCK open in non-blocking mode</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>(blocking mode is the default)</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>ENODEV</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Device driver not loaded/available.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBUSY</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Device or resource busy.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Invalid argument.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section>
+<section id="audio_fclose">
+<title>close()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This system call closes a previously opened audio device.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int close(int fd);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section>
+<section id="audio_fwrite">
+<title>write()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This system call can only be used if AUDIO_SOURCE_MEMORY is selected
+ in the ioctl call AUDIO_SELECT_SOURCE. The data provided shall be in
+ PES format. If O_NONBLOCK is not specified the function will block until
+ buffer space is available. The amount of data to be transferred is implied by
+ count.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>size_t write(int fd, const void &#x22C6;buf, size_t count);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>void *buf</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the buffer containing the PES data.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>size_t count</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Size of buf.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EPERM</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Mode AUDIO_SOURCE_MEMORY not selected.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>ENOMEM</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Attempted to write more data than the internal buffer can
+ hold.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>AUDIO_STOP</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call asks the Audio Device to stop playing the current stream.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(int fd, int request = AUDIO_STOP);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals AUDIO_STOP for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>AUDIO_PLAY</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call asks the Audio Device to start playing an audio stream from the
+ selected source.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(int fd, int request = AUDIO_PLAY);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals AUDIO_PLAY for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>AUDIO_PAUSE</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call suspends the audio stream being played. Decoding and playing
+ are paused. It is then possible to restart again decoding and playing process of
+ the audio stream using AUDIO_CONTINUE command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>If AUDIO_SOURCE_MEMORY is selected in the ioctl call
+ AUDIO_SELECT_SOURCE, the DVB-subsystem will not decode (consume)
+ any more data until the ioctl call AUDIO_CONTINUE or AUDIO_PLAY is
+ performed.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(int fd, int request = AUDIO_PAUSE);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals AUDIO_PAUSE for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>AUDIO_SELECT_SOURCE</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call informs the audio device which source shall be used
+ for the input data. The possible sources are demux or memory. If
+ AUDIO_SOURCE_MEMORY is selected, the data is fed to the Audio Device
+ through the write command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(int fd, int request = AUDIO_SELECT_SOURCE,
+ audio_stream_source_t source);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals AUDIO_SELECT_SOURCE for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>audio_stream_source_t
+ source</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Indicates the source that shall be used for the Audio
+ stream.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Illegal input parameter.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>AUDIO_SET_MUTE</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call asks the audio device to mute the stream that is currently being
+ played.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(int fd, int request = AUDIO_SET_MUTE,
+ boolean state);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals AUDIO_SET_MUTE for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>boolean state</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Indicates if audio device shall mute or not.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>TRUE Audio Mute</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>FALSE Audio Un-mute</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Illegal input parameter.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>AUDIO_SET_AV_SYNC</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call asks the Audio Device to turn ON or OFF A/V synchronization.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(int fd, int request = AUDIO_SET_AV_SYNC,
+ boolean state);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals AUDIO_AV_SYNC for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>boolean state</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Tells the DVB subsystem if A/V synchronization shall be
+ ON or OFF.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>TRUE AV-sync ON</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>FALSE AV-sync OFF</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Illegal input parameter.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>AUDIO_SET_BYPASS_MODE</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call asks the Audio Device to bypass the Audio decoder and forward
+ the stream without decoding. This mode shall be used if streams that can&#8217;t be
+ handled by the DVB system shall be decoded. Dolby DigitalTM streams are
+ automatically forwarded by the DVB subsystem if the hardware can handle it.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(int fd, int request =
+ AUDIO_SET_BYPASS_MODE, boolean mode);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals AUDIO_SET_BYPASS_MODE for this
+ command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>boolean mode</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Enables or disables the decoding of the current Audio
+ stream in the DVB subsystem.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>TRUE Bypass is disabled</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>FALSE Bypass is enabled</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Illegal input parameter.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>AUDIO_CHANNEL_SELECT</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call asks the Audio Device to select the requested channel if possible.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(int fd, int request =
+ AUDIO_CHANNEL_SELECT, audio_channel_select_t);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals AUDIO_CHANNEL_SELECT for this
+ command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>audio_channel_select_t
+ ch</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Select the output format of the audio (mono left/right,
+ stereo).</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Illegal input parameter ch.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>AUDIO_GET_STATUS</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call asks the Audio Device to return the current state of the Audio
+ Device.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(int fd, int request = AUDIO_GET_STATUS,
+ struct audio_status &#x22C6;status);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals AUDIO_GET_STATUS for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>struct audio_status
+ *status</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Returns the current state of Audio Device.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EFAULT</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>status points to invalid address.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>AUDIO_GET_CAPABILITIES</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call asks the Audio Device to tell us about the decoding capabilities
+ of the audio hardware.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(int fd, int request =
+ AUDIO_GET_CAPABILITIES, unsigned int &#x22C6;cap);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals AUDIO_GET_CAPABILITIES for this
+ command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>unsigned int *cap</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Returns a bit array of supported sound formats.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EFAULT</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>cap points to an invalid address.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>AUDIO_CLEAR_BUFFER</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call asks the Audio Device to clear all software and hardware buffers
+ of the audio decoder device.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(int fd, int request = AUDIO_CLEAR_BUFFER);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals AUDIO_CLEAR_BUFFER for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>AUDIO_SET_ID</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl selects which sub-stream is to be decoded if a program or system
+ stream is sent to the video device. If no audio stream type is set the id has to be
+ in [0xC0,0xDF] for MPEG sound, in [0x80,0x87] for AC3 and in [0xA0,0xA7]
+ for LPCM. More specifications may follow for other stream types. If the stream
+ type is set the id just specifies the substream id of the audio stream and only
+ the first 5 bits are recognized.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(int fd, int request = AUDIO_SET_ID, int
+ id);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals AUDIO_SET_ID for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int id</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>audio sub-stream id</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Invalid sub-stream id.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>AUDIO_SET_MIXER</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl lets you adjust the mixer settings of the audio decoder.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(int fd, int request = AUDIO_SET_MIXER,
+ audio_mixer_t &#x22C6;mix);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals AUDIO_SET_ID for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>audio_mixer_t *mix</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>mixer settings.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EFAULT</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>mix points to an invalid address.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>AUDIO_SET_STREAMTYPE</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl tells the driver which kind of audio stream to expect. This is useful
+ if the stream offers several audio sub-streams like LPCM and AC3.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(fd, int request = AUDIO_SET_STREAMTYPE,
+ int type);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals AUDIO_SET_STREAMTYPE for this
+ command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int type</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>stream type</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>type is not a valid or supported stream type.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>AUDIO_SET_EXT_ID</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl can be used to set the extension id for MPEG streams in DVD
+ playback. Only the first 3 bits are recognized.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(fd, int request = AUDIO_SET_EXT_ID, int
+ id);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals AUDIO_SET_EXT_ID for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int id</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>audio sub_stream_id</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>id is not a valid id.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>AUDIO_SET_ATTRIBUTES</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl is intended for DVD playback and allows you to set certain
+ information about the audio stream.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(fd, int request = AUDIO_SET_ATTRIBUTES,
+ audio_attributes_t attr );</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals AUDIO_SET_ATTRIBUTES for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>audio_attributes_t
+ attr</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>audio attributes according to section ??</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>attr is not a valid or supported attribute setting.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>AUDIO_SET_KARAOKE</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl allows one to set the mixer settings for a karaoke DVD.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(fd, int request = AUDIO_SET_STREAMTYPE,
+ audio_karaoke_t &#x22C6;karaoke);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals AUDIO_SET_STREAMTYPE for this
+ command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>audio_karaoke_t
+ *karaoke</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>karaoke settings according to section ??.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>karaoke is not a valid or supported karaoke setting.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+ </section>
+</section>
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/ca.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/ca.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b1f1d2fad654
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/ca.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,221 @@
+<title>DVB CA Device</title>
+<para>The DVB CA device controls the conditional access hardware. It can be accessed through
+<emphasis role="tt">/dev/dvb/adapter0/ca0</emphasis>. Data types and and ioctl definitions can be accessed by
+including <emphasis role="tt">linux/dvb/ca.h</emphasis> in your application.
+</para>
+
+<section id="ca_data_types">
+<title>CA Data Types</title>
+
+
+<section id="ca_slot_info_t">
+<title>ca_slot_info_t</title>
+ <programlisting>
+ /&#x22C6; slot interface types and info &#x22C6;/
+
+ typedef struct ca_slot_info_s {
+         int num;               /&#x22C6; slot number &#x22C6;/
+
+         int type;           /&#x22C6; CA interface this slot supports &#x22C6;/
+ #define CA_CI            1  /&#x22C6; CI high level interface &#x22C6;/
+ #define CA_CI_LINK       2  /&#x22C6; CI link layer level interface &#x22C6;/
+ #define CA_CI_PHYS       4  /&#x22C6; CI physical layer level interface &#x22C6;/
+ #define CA_SC          128  /&#x22C6; simple smart card interface &#x22C6;/
+
+         unsigned int flags;
+ #define CA_CI_MODULE_PRESENT 1 /&#x22C6; module (or card) inserted &#x22C6;/
+ #define CA_CI_MODULE_READY   2
+ } ca_slot_info_t;
+</programlisting>
+
+</section>
+<section id="ca_descr_info_t">
+<title>ca_descr_info_t</title>
+ <programlisting>
+ typedef struct ca_descr_info_s {
+         unsigned int num;  /&#x22C6; number of available descramblers (keys) &#x22C6;/
+         unsigned int type; /&#x22C6; type of supported scrambling system &#x22C6;/
+ #define CA_ECD           1
+ #define CA_NDS           2
+ #define CA_DSS           4
+ } ca_descr_info_t;
+</programlisting>
+
+</section>
+<section id="ca_cap_t">
+<title>ca_cap_t</title>
+ <programlisting>
+ typedef struct ca_cap_s {
+         unsigned int slot_num;  /&#x22C6; total number of CA card and module slots &#x22C6;/
+         unsigned int slot_type; /&#x22C6; OR of all supported types &#x22C6;/
+         unsigned int descr_num; /&#x22C6; total number of descrambler slots (keys) &#x22C6;/
+         unsigned int descr_type;/&#x22C6; OR of all supported types &#x22C6;/
+ } ca_cap_t;
+</programlisting>
+
+</section>
+<section id="ca_msg_t">
+<title>ca_msg_t</title>
+ <programlisting>
+ /&#x22C6; a message to/from a CI-CAM &#x22C6;/
+ typedef struct ca_msg_s {
+         unsigned int index;
+         unsigned int type;
+         unsigned int length;
+         unsigned char msg[256];
+ } ca_msg_t;
+</programlisting>
+
+</section>
+<section id="ca_descr_t">
+<title>ca_descr_t</title>
+ <programlisting>
+ typedef struct ca_descr_s {
+         unsigned int index;
+         unsigned int parity;
+         unsigned char cw[8];
+ } ca_descr_t;
+</programlisting>
+ </section></section>
+<section id="ca_function_calls">
+<title>CA Function Calls</title>
+
+
+<section id="ca_fopen">
+<title>open()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This system call opens a named ca device (e.g. /dev/ost/ca) for subsequent use.</para>
+<para>When an open() call has succeeded, the device will be ready for use.
+ The significance of blocking or non-blocking mode is described in the
+ documentation for functions where there is a difference. It does not affect the
+ semantics of the open() call itself. A device opened in blocking mode can later
+ be put into non-blocking mode (and vice versa) using the F_SETFL command
+ of the fcntl system call. This is a standard system call, documented in the Linux
+ manual page for fcntl. Only one user can open the CA Device in O_RDWR
+ mode. All other attempts to open the device in this mode will fail, and an error
+ code will be returned.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int open(const char &#x22C6;deviceName, int flags);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>const char
+ *deviceName</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Name of specific video device.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int flags</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>A bit-wise OR of the following flags:</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>O_RDONLY read-only access</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>O_RDWR read/write access</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>O_NONBLOCK open in non-blocking mode</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>(blocking mode is the default)</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>ENODEV</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Device driver not loaded/available.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBUSY</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Device or resource busy.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Invalid argument.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section>
+<section id="ca_fclose">
+<title>close()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This system call closes a previously opened audio device.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int close(int fd);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+ </section>
+</section>
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/demux.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/demux.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..1b8c4e9835b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/demux.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,973 @@
+<title>DVB Demux Device</title>
+
+<para>The DVB demux device controls the filters of the DVB hardware/software. It can be
+accessed through <emphasis role="tt">/dev/adapter0/demux0</emphasis>. Data types and and ioctl definitions can be
+accessed by including <emphasis role="tt">linux/dvb/dmx.h</emphasis> in your application.
+</para>
+<section id="dmx_types">
+<title>Demux Data Types</title>
+
+<section id="dmx_output_t">
+<title>dmx_output_t</title>
+ <programlisting>
+ typedef enum
+ {
+         DMX_OUT_DECODER,
+         DMX_OUT_TAP,
+         DMX_OUT_TS_TAP
+ } dmx_output_t;
+</programlisting>
+<para><emphasis role="tt">DMX_OUT_TAP</emphasis> delivers the stream output to the demux device on which the ioctl is
+called.
+</para>
+<para><emphasis role="tt">DMX_OUT_TS_TAP</emphasis> routes output to the logical DVR device <emphasis role="tt">/dev/dvb/adapter0/dvr0</emphasis>,
+which delivers a TS multiplexed from all filters for which <emphasis role="tt">DMX_OUT_TS_TAP</emphasis> was
+specified.
+</para>
+</section>
+
+<section id="dmx_input_t">
+<title>dmx_input_t</title>
+ <programlisting>
+ typedef enum
+ {
+         DMX_IN_FRONTEND,
+         DMX_IN_DVR
+ } dmx_input_t;
+</programlisting>
+</section>
+
+<section id="dmx_pes_type_t">
+<title>dmx_pes_type_t</title>
+ <programlisting>
+ typedef enum
+ {
+         DMX_PES_AUDIO,
+         DMX_PES_VIDEO,
+         DMX_PES_TELETEXT,
+         DMX_PES_SUBTITLE,
+         DMX_PES_PCR,
+         DMX_PES_OTHER
+ } dmx_pes_type_t;
+</programlisting>
+</section>
+
+<section id="dmx_event_t">
+<title>dmx_event_t</title>
+ <programlisting>
+ typedef enum
+ {
+         DMX_SCRAMBLING_EV,
+         DMX_FRONTEND_EV
+ } dmx_event_t;
+</programlisting>
+</section>
+
+<section id="dmx_scrambling_status_t">
+<title>dmx_scrambling_status_t</title>
+ <programlisting>
+ typedef enum
+ {
+         DMX_SCRAMBLING_OFF,
+         DMX_SCRAMBLING_ON
+ } dmx_scrambling_status_t;
+</programlisting>
+</section>
+
+<section id="dmx_filter">
+<title>struct dmx_filter</title>
+ <programlisting>
+ typedef struct dmx_filter
+ {
+         uint8_t         filter[DMX_FILTER_SIZE];
+         uint8_t         mask[DMX_FILTER_SIZE];
+ } dmx_filter_t;
+</programlisting>
+</section>
+
+<section id="dmx_sct_filter_params">
+<title>struct dmx_sct_filter_params</title>
+ <programlisting>
+ struct dmx_sct_filter_params
+ {
+         uint16_t            pid;
+         dmx_filter_t        filter;
+         uint32_t            timeout;
+         uint32_t            flags;
+ #define DMX_CHECK_CRC       1
+ #define DMX_ONESHOT         2
+ #define DMX_IMMEDIATE_START 4
+ };
+</programlisting>
+</section>
+
+<section id="dmx_pes_filter_params">
+<title>struct dmx_pes_filter_params</title>
+ <programlisting>
+ struct dmx_pes_filter_params
+ {
+         uint16_t            pid;
+         dmx_input_t         input;
+         dmx_output_t        output;
+         dmx_pes_type_t      pes_type;
+         uint32_t            flags;
+ };
+</programlisting>
+</section>
+
+<section id="dmx_event">
+<title>struct dmx_event</title>
+ <programlisting>
+ struct dmx_event
+ {
+         dmx_event_t          event;
+         time_t               timeStamp;
+         union
+         {
+                 dmx_scrambling_status_t scrambling;
+         } u;
+ };
+</programlisting>
+</section>
+
+<section id="dmx_stc">
+<title>struct dmx_stc</title>
+ <programlisting>
+ struct dmx_stc {
+         unsigned int num;       /&#x22C6; input : which STC? 0..N &#x22C6;/
+         unsigned int base;      /&#x22C6; output: divisor for stc to get 90 kHz clock &#x22C6;/
+         uint64_t stc;           /&#x22C6; output: stc in 'base'&#x22C6;90 kHz units &#x22C6;/
+ };
+</programlisting>
+ </section>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="dmx_fcalls">
+<title>Demux Function Calls</title>
+
+<section id="dmx_fopen">
+<title>open()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This system call, used with a device name of /dev/dvb/adapter0/demux0,
+ allocates a new filter and returns a handle which can be used for subsequent
+ control of that filter. This call has to be made for each filter to be used, i.e. every
+ returned file descriptor is a reference to a single filter. /dev/dvb/adapter0/dvr0
+ is a logical device to be used for retrieving Transport Streams for digital
+ video recording. When reading from this device a transport stream containing
+ the packets from all PES filters set in the corresponding demux device
+ (/dev/dvb/adapter0/demux0) having the output set to DMX_OUT_TS_TAP. A
+ recorded Transport Stream is replayed by writing to this device. </para>
+<para>The significance of blocking or non-blocking mode is described in the
+ documentation for functions where there is a difference. It does not affect the
+ semantics of the open() call itself. A device opened in blocking mode can later
+ be put into non-blocking mode (and vice versa) using the F_SETFL command
+ of the fcntl system call.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int open(const char &#x22C6;deviceName, int flags);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>const char
+ *deviceName</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Name of demux device.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int flags</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>A bit-wise OR of the following flags:</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>O_RDWR read/write access</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>O_NONBLOCK open in non-blocking mode</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>(blocking mode is the default)</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>ENODEV</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Device driver not loaded/available.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Invalid argument.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EMFILE</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>&#8220;Too many open files&#8221;, i.e. no more filters available.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>ENOMEM</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The driver failed to allocate enough memory.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+</section>
+
+<section id="dmx_fclose">
+<title>close()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This system call deactivates and deallocates a filter that was previously
+ allocated via the open() call.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int close(int fd);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+</section>
+
+<section id="dmx_fread">
+<title>read()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This system call returns filtered data, which might be section or PES data. The
+ filtered data is transferred from the driver&#8217;s internal circular buffer to buf. The
+ maximum amount of data to be transferred is implied by count.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>When returning section data the driver always tries to return a complete single
+ section (even though buf would provide buffer space for more data). If the size
+ of the buffer is smaller than the section as much as possible will be returned,
+ and the remaining data will be provided in subsequent calls.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The size of the internal buffer is 2 * 4096 bytes (the size of two maximum
+ sized sections) by default. The size of this buffer may be changed by using the
+ DMX_SET_BUFFER_SIZE function. If the buffer is not large enough, or if
+ the read operations are not performed fast enough, this may result in a buffer
+ overflow error. In this case EOVERFLOW will be returned, and the circular
+ buffer will be emptied. This call is blocking if there is no data to return, i.e. the
+ process will be put to sleep waiting for data, unless the O_NONBLOCK flag
+ is specified.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Note that in order to be able to read, the filtering process has to be started
+ by defining either a section or a PES filter by means of the ioctl functions,
+ and then starting the filtering process via the DMX_START ioctl function
+ or by setting the DMX_IMMEDIATE_START flag. If the reading is done
+ from a logical DVR demux device, the data will constitute a Transport Stream
+ including the packets from all PES filters in the corresponding demux device
+ /dev/dvb/adapter0/demux0 having the output set to DMX_OUT_TS_TAP.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>size_t read(int fd, void &#x22C6;buf, size_t count);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>void *buf</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the buffer to be used for returned filtered data.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>size_t count</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Size of buf.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EWOULDBLOCK</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>No data to return and O_NONBLOCK was specified.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>ECRC</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Last section had a CRC error - no data returned. The
+ buffer is flushed.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EOVERFLOW</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The filtered data was not read from the buffer in due
+ time, resulting in non-read data being lost. The buffer is
+ flushed.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>ETIMEDOUT</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The section was not loaded within the stated timeout
+ period. See ioctl DMX_SET_FILTER for how to set a
+ timeout.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EFAULT</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The driver failed to write to the callers buffer due to an
+ invalid *buf pointer.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+</section>
+
+<section id="dmx_fwrite">
+<title>write()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This system call is only provided by the logical device /dev/dvb/adapter0/dvr0,
+ associated with the physical demux device that provides the actual DVR
+ functionality. It is used for replay of a digitally recorded Transport Stream.
+ Matching filters have to be defined in the corresponding physical demux
+ device, /dev/dvb/adapter0/demux0. The amount of data to be transferred is
+ implied by count.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>ssize_t write(int fd, const void &#x22C6;buf, size_t
+ count);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>void *buf</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the buffer containing the Transport Stream.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>size_t count</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Size of buf.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EWOULDBLOCK</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>No data was written. This
+ might happen if O_NONBLOCK was specified and there
+ is no more buffer space available (if O_NONBLOCK is
+ not specified the function will block until buffer space is
+ available).</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBUSY</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This error code indicates that there are conflicting
+ requests. The corresponding demux device is setup to
+ receive data from the front- end. Make sure that these
+ filters are stopped and that the filters with input set to
+ DMX_IN_DVR are started.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+</section>
+
+<section id="dmx_start">
+<title>DMX_START</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call is used to start the actual filtering operation defined via the ioctl
+ calls DMX_SET_FILTER or DMX_SET_PES_FILTER.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl( int fd, int request = DMX_START);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals DMX_START for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Invalid argument, i.e. no filtering parameters provided via
+ the DMX_SET_FILTER or DMX_SET_PES_FILTER
+ functions.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBUSY</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This error code indicates that there are conflicting
+ requests. There are active filters filtering data from
+ another input source. Make sure that these filters are
+ stopped before starting this filter.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+</section>
+
+<section id="dmx_stop">
+<title>DMX_STOP</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call is used to stop the actual filtering operation defined via the
+ ioctl calls DMX_SET_FILTER or DMX_SET_PES_FILTER and started via
+ the DMX_START command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl( int fd, int request = DMX_STOP);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals DMX_STOP for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+</section>
+
+<section id="dmx_set_filter">
+<title>DMX_SET_FILTER</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call sets up a filter according to the filter and mask parameters
+ provided. A timeout may be defined stating number of seconds to wait for a
+ section to be loaded. A value of 0 means that no timeout should be applied.
+ Finally there is a flag field where it is possible to state whether a section should
+ be CRC-checked, whether the filter should be a &#8221;one-shot&#8221; filter, i.e. if the
+ filtering operation should be stopped after the first section is received, and
+ whether the filtering operation should be started immediately (without waiting
+ for a DMX_START ioctl call). If a filter was previously set-up, this filter will
+ be canceled, and the receive buffer will be flushed.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl( int fd, int request = DMX_SET_FILTER,
+ struct dmx_sct_filter_params &#x22C6;params);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals DMX_SET_FILTER for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>struct
+ dmx_sct_filter_params
+ *params</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to structure containing filter parameters.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Invalid argument.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+</section>
+
+<section id="dmx_set_pes_filter">
+<title>DMX_SET_PES_FILTER</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call sets up a PES filter according to the parameters provided. By a
+ PES filter is meant a filter that is based just on the packet identifier (PID), i.e.
+ no PES header or payload filtering capability is supported.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The transport stream destination for the filtered output may be set. Also the
+ PES type may be stated in order to be able to e.g. direct a video stream directly
+ to the video decoder. Finally there is a flag field where it is possible to state
+ whether the filtering operation should be started immediately (without waiting
+ for a DMX_START ioctl call). If a filter was previously set-up, this filter will
+ be cancelled, and the receive buffer will be flushed.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl( int fd, int request = DMX_SET_PES_FILTER,
+ struct dmx_pes_filter_params &#x22C6;params);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals DMX_SET_PES_FILTER for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>struct
+ dmx_pes_filter_params
+ *params</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to structure containing filter parameters.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Invalid argument.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBUSY</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This error code indicates that there are conflicting
+ requests. There are active filters filtering data from
+ another input source. Make sure that these filters are
+ stopped before starting this filter.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+</section>
+
+<section id="dms_set_buffer_size">
+<title>DMX_SET_BUFFER_SIZE</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call is used to set the size of the circular buffer used for filtered data.
+ The default size is two maximum sized sections, i.e. if this function is not called
+ a buffer size of 2 * 4096 bytes will be used.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl( int fd, int request =
+ DMX_SET_BUFFER_SIZE, unsigned long size);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals DMX_SET_BUFFER_SIZE for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>unsigned long size</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Size of circular buffer.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>ENOMEM</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The driver was not able to allocate a buffer of the
+ requested size.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+</section>
+
+<section id="dmx_get_event">
+<title>DMX_GET_EVENT</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call returns an event if available. If an event is not available,
+ the behavior depends on whether the device is in blocking or non-blocking
+ mode. In the latter case, the call fails immediately with errno set to
+ EWOULDBLOCK. In the former case, the call blocks until an event becomes
+ available.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The standard Linux poll() and/or select() system calls can be used with the
+ device file descriptor to watch for new events. For select(), the file descriptor
+ should be included in the exceptfds argument, and for poll(), POLLPRI should
+ be specified as the wake-up condition. Only the latest event for each filter is
+ saved.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl( int fd, int request = DMX_GET_EVENT,
+ struct dmx_event &#x22C6;ev);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals DMX_GET_EVENT for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>struct dmx_event *ev</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the location where the event is to be stored.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EFAULT</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>ev points to an invalid address.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EWOULDBLOCK</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>There is no event pending, and the device is in
+ non-blocking mode.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+</section>
+
+<section id="dmx_get_stc">
+<title>DMX_GET_STC</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call returns the current value of the system time counter (which is driven
+ by a PES filter of type DMX_PES_PCR). Some hardware supports more than one
+ STC, so you must specify which one by setting the num field of stc before the ioctl
+ (range 0...n). The result is returned in form of a ratio with a 64 bit numerator
+ and a 32 bit denominator, so the real 90kHz STC value is stc-&#x003E;stc /
+ stc-&#x003E;base
+ .</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl( int fd, int request = DMX_GET_STC, struct
+ dmx_stc &#x22C6;stc);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals DMX_GET_STC for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>struct dmx_stc *stc</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the location where the stc is to be stored.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EFAULT</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>stc points to an invalid address.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Invalid stc number.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+ </section></section>
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/dvbapi.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/dvbapi.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..4fc5b23470a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/dvbapi.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+<partinfo>
+<authorgroup>
+<author>
+<firstname>Ralph</firstname>
+<surname>Metzler</surname>
+<othername role="mi">J. K.</othername>
+<affiliation><address><email>rjkm@metzlerbros.de</email></address></affiliation>
+</author>
+<author>
+<firstname>Marcus</firstname>
+<surname>Metzler</surname>
+<othername role="mi">O. C.</othername>
+<affiliation><address><email>rjkm@metzlerbros.de</email></address></affiliation>
+</author>
+<author>
+<firstname>Mauro</firstname>
+<surname>Chehab</surname>
+<othername role="mi">Carvalho</othername>
+<affiliation><address><email>mchehab@redhat.com</email></address></affiliation>
+<contrib>Ported document to Docbook XML.</contrib>
+</author>
+</authorgroup>
+<copyright>
+        <year>2002</year>
+        <year>2003</year>
+        <year>2009</year>
+        <holder>Convergence GmbH</holder>
+</copyright>
+
+<revhistory>
+<!-- Put document revisions here, newest first. -->
+<revision>
+<revnumber>2.0.1</revnumber>
+<date>2009-09-16</date>
+<authorinitials>mcc</authorinitials>
+<revremark>
+Added ISDB-T test originally written by Patrick Boettcher
+</revremark>
+</revision>
+<revision>
+<revnumber>2.0.0</revnumber>
+<date>2009-09-06</date>
+<authorinitials>mcc</authorinitials>
+<revremark>Conversion from LaTex to DocBook XML. The
+        contents is the same as the original LaTex version.</revremark>
+</revision>
+<revision>
+<revnumber>1.0.0</revnumber>
+<date>2003-07-24</date>
+<authorinitials>rjkm</authorinitials>
+<revremark>Initial revision on LaTEX.</revremark>
+</revision>
+</revhistory>
+</partinfo>
+
+
+<title>LINUX DVB API</title>
+<subtitle>Version 3</subtitle>
+<!-- ADD THE CHAPTERS HERE -->
+  <chapter id="dvb_introdution">
+    &sub-intro;
+  </chapter>
+  <chapter id="dvb_frontend">
+    &sub-frontend;
+  </chapter>
+  <chapter id="dvb_demux">
+    &sub-demux;
+  </chapter>
+  <chapter id="dvb_video">
+    &sub-video;
+  </chapter>
+  <chapter id="dvb_audio">
+    &sub-audio;
+  </chapter>
+  <chapter id="dvb_ca">
+    &sub-ca;
+  </chapter>
+  <chapter id="dvb_net">
+    &sub-net;
+  </chapter>
+  <chapter id="dvb_kdapi">
+    &sub-kdapi;
+  </chapter>
+  <chapter id="dvb_examples">
+    &sub-examples;
+  </chapter>
+<!-- END OF CHAPTERS -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/dvbstb.pdf b/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/dvbstb.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..0fa75d90c3eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/dvbstb.pdf
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/dvbstb.png b/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/dvbstb.png
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..9b8f372e7afd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/dvbstb.png
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/examples.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/examples.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..f037e568eb6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/examples.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,365 @@
+<title>Examples</title>
+<para>In this section we would like to present some examples for using the DVB API.
+</para>
+<para>Maintainer note: This section is out of date. Please refer to the sample programs packaged
+with the driver distribution from <ulink url="http://linuxtv.org/hg/dvb-apps" />.
+</para>
+
+<section id="tuning">
+<title>Tuning</title>
+<para>We will start with a generic tuning subroutine that uses the frontend and SEC, as well as
+the demux devices. The example is given for QPSK tuners, but can easily be adjusted for
+QAM.
+</para>
+<programlisting>
+ #include &#x003C;sys/ioctl.h&#x003E;
+ #include &#x003C;stdio.h&#x003E;
+ #include &#x003C;stdint.h&#x003E;
+ #include &#x003C;sys/types.h&#x003E;
+ #include &#x003C;sys/stat.h&#x003E;
+ #include &#x003C;fcntl.h&#x003E;
+ #include &#x003C;time.h&#x003E;
+ #include &#x003C;unistd.h&#x003E;
+
+ #include &#x003C;linux/dvb/dmx.h&#x003E;
+ #include &#x003C;linux/dvb/frontend.h&#x003E;
+ #include &#x003C;linux/dvb/sec.h&#x003E;
+ #include &#x003C;sys/poll.h&#x003E;
+
+ #define DMX "/dev/dvb/adapter0/demux1"
+ #define FRONT "/dev/dvb/adapter0/frontend1"
+ #define SEC "/dev/dvb/adapter0/sec1"
+
+ /&#x22C6; routine for checking if we have a signal and other status information&#x22C6;/
+ int FEReadStatus(int fd, fe_status_t &#x22C6;stat)
+ {
+         int ans;
+
+         if ( (ans = ioctl(fd,FE_READ_STATUS,stat) &#x003C; 0)){
+                 perror("FE READ STATUS: ");
+                 return -1;
+         }
+
+         if (&#x22C6;stat &amp; FE_HAS_POWER)
+                 printf("FE HAS POWER\n");
+
+         if (&#x22C6;stat &amp; FE_HAS_SIGNAL)
+                 printf("FE HAS SIGNAL\n");
+
+         if (&#x22C6;stat &amp; FE_SPECTRUM_INV)
+                 printf("SPEKTRUM INV\n");
+
+         return 0;
+ }
+
+
+ /&#x22C6; tune qpsk &#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6; freq:             frequency of transponder                      &#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6; vpid, apid, tpid: PIDs of video, audio and teletext TS packets  &#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6; diseqc:           DiSEqC address of the used LNB                &#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6; pol:              Polarisation                                  &#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6; srate:            Symbol Rate                                   &#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6; fec.              FEC                                           &#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6; lnb_lof1:         local frequency of lower LNB band             &#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6; lnb_lof2:         local frequency of upper LNB band             &#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6; lnb_slof:         switch frequency of LNB                       &#x22C6;/
+
+ int set_qpsk_channel(int freq, int vpid, int apid, int tpid,
+                 int diseqc, int pol, int srate, int fec, int lnb_lof1,
+                 int lnb_lof2, int lnb_slof)
+ {
+         struct secCommand scmd;
+         struct secCmdSequence scmds;
+         struct dmx_pes_filter_params pesFilterParams;
+         FrontendParameters frp;
+         struct pollfd pfd[1];
+         FrontendEvent event;
+         int demux1, demux2, demux3, front;
+
+         frequency = (uint32_t) freq;
+         symbolrate = (uint32_t) srate;
+
+         if((front = open(FRONT,O_RDWR)) &#x003C; 0){
+                 perror("FRONTEND DEVICE: ");
+                 return -1;
+         }
+
+         if((sec = open(SEC,O_RDWR)) &#x003C; 0){
+                 perror("SEC DEVICE: ");
+                 return -1;
+         }
+
+         if (demux1 &#x003C; 0){
+                 if ((demux1=open(DMX, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK))
+                     &#x003C; 0){
+                         perror("DEMUX DEVICE: ");
+                         return -1;
+                 }
+         }
+
+         if (demux2 &#x003C; 0){
+                 if ((demux2=open(DMX, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK))
+                     &#x003C; 0){
+                         perror("DEMUX DEVICE: ");
+                         return -1;
+                 }
+         }
+
+         if (demux3 &#x003C; 0){
+                 if ((demux3=open(DMX, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK))
+                     &#x003C; 0){
+                         perror("DEMUX DEVICE: ");
+                         return -1;
+                 }
+         }
+
+         if (freq &#x003C; lnb_slof) {
+                 frp.Frequency = (freq - lnb_lof1);
+                 scmds.continuousTone = SEC_TONE_OFF;
+         } else {
+                 frp.Frequency = (freq - lnb_lof2);
+                 scmds.continuousTone = SEC_TONE_ON;
+         }
+         frp.Inversion = INVERSION_AUTO;
+         if (pol) scmds.voltage = SEC_VOLTAGE_18;
+         else scmds.voltage = SEC_VOLTAGE_13;
+
+         scmd.type=0;
+         scmd.u.diseqc.addr=0x10;
+         scmd.u.diseqc.cmd=0x38;
+         scmd.u.diseqc.numParams=1;
+         scmd.u.diseqc.params[0] = 0xF0 | ((diseqc &#x22C6; 4) &amp; 0x0F) |
+                 (scmds.continuousTone == SEC_TONE_ON ? 1 : 0) |
+                 (scmds.voltage==SEC_VOLTAGE_18 ? 2 : 0);
+
+         scmds.miniCommand=SEC_MINI_NONE;
+         scmds.numCommands=1;
+         scmds.commands=&amp;scmd;
+         if (ioctl(sec, SEC_SEND_SEQUENCE, &amp;scmds) &#x003C; 0){
+                 perror("SEC SEND: ");
+                 return -1;
+         }
+
+         if (ioctl(sec, SEC_SEND_SEQUENCE, &amp;scmds) &#x003C; 0){
+                 perror("SEC SEND: ");
+                 return -1;
+         }
+
+         frp.u.qpsk.SymbolRate = srate;
+         frp.u.qpsk.FEC_inner = fec;
+
+         if (ioctl(front, FE_SET_FRONTEND, &amp;frp) &#x003C; 0){
+                 perror("QPSK TUNE: ");
+                 return -1;
+         }
+
+         pfd[0].fd = front;
+         pfd[0].events = POLLIN;
+
+         if (poll(pfd,1,3000)){
+                 if (pfd[0].revents &amp; POLLIN){
+                         printf("Getting QPSK event\n");
+                         if ( ioctl(front, FE_GET_EVENT, &amp;event)
+
+                              == -EOVERFLOW){
+                                 perror("qpsk get event");
+                                 return -1;
+                         }
+                         printf("Received ");
+                         switch(event.type){
+                         case FE_UNEXPECTED_EV:
+                                 printf("unexpected event\n");
+                                 return -1;
+                         case FE_FAILURE_EV:
+                                 printf("failure event\n");
+                                 return -1;
+
+                         case FE_COMPLETION_EV:
+                                 printf("completion event\n");
+                         }
+                 }
+         }
+
+
+         pesFilterParams.pid     = vpid;
+         pesFilterParams.input   = DMX_IN_FRONTEND;
+         pesFilterParams.output  = DMX_OUT_DECODER;
+         pesFilterParams.pes_type = DMX_PES_VIDEO;
+         pesFilterParams.flags   = DMX_IMMEDIATE_START;
+         if (ioctl(demux1, DMX_SET_PES_FILTER, &amp;pesFilterParams) &#x003C; 0){
+                 perror("set_vpid");
+                 return -1;
+         }
+
+         pesFilterParams.pid     = apid;
+         pesFilterParams.input   = DMX_IN_FRONTEND;
+         pesFilterParams.output  = DMX_OUT_DECODER;
+         pesFilterParams.pes_type = DMX_PES_AUDIO;
+         pesFilterParams.flags   = DMX_IMMEDIATE_START;
+         if (ioctl(demux2, DMX_SET_PES_FILTER, &amp;pesFilterParams) &#x003C; 0){
+                 perror("set_apid");
+                 return -1;
+         }
+
+         pesFilterParams.pid     = tpid;
+         pesFilterParams.input   = DMX_IN_FRONTEND;
+         pesFilterParams.output  = DMX_OUT_DECODER;
+         pesFilterParams.pes_type = DMX_PES_TELETEXT;
+         pesFilterParams.flags   = DMX_IMMEDIATE_START;
+         if (ioctl(demux3, DMX_SET_PES_FILTER, &amp;pesFilterParams) &#x003C; 0){
+                 perror("set_tpid");
+                 return -1;
+         }
+
+         return has_signal(fds);
+ }
+
+</programlisting>
+<para>The program assumes that you are using a universal LNB and a standard DiSEqC
+switch with up to 4 addresses. Of course, you could build in some more checking if
+tuning was successful and maybe try to repeat the tuning process. Depending on the
+external hardware, i.e. LNB and DiSEqC switch, and weather conditions this may be
+necessary.
+</para>
+</section>
+
+<section id="the_dvr_device">
+<title>The DVR device</title>
+<para>The following program code shows how to use the DVR device for recording.
+</para>
+<programlisting>
+ #include &#x003C;sys/ioctl.h&#x003E;
+ #include &#x003C;stdio.h&#x003E;
+ #include &#x003C;stdint.h&#x003E;
+ #include &#x003C;sys/types.h&#x003E;
+ #include &#x003C;sys/stat.h&#x003E;
+ #include &#x003C;fcntl.h&#x003E;
+ #include &#x003C;time.h&#x003E;
+ #include &#x003C;unistd.h&#x003E;
+
+ #include &#x003C;linux/dvb/dmx.h&#x003E;
+ #include &#x003C;linux/dvb/video.h&#x003E;
+ #include &#x003C;sys/poll.h&#x003E;
+ #define DVR "/dev/dvb/adapter0/dvr1"
+ #define AUDIO "/dev/dvb/adapter0/audio1"
+ #define VIDEO "/dev/dvb/adapter0/video1"
+
+ #define BUFFY (188&#x22C6;20)
+ #define MAX_LENGTH (1024&#x22C6;1024&#x22C6;5) /&#x22C6; record 5MB &#x22C6;/
+
+
+ /&#x22C6; switch the demuxes to recording, assuming the transponder is tuned &#x22C6;/
+
+ /&#x22C6; demux1, demux2: file descriptor of video and audio filters &#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6; vpid, apid:     PIDs of video and audio channels           &#x22C6;/
+
+ int switch_to_record(int demux1, int demux2, uint16_t vpid, uint16_t apid)
+ {
+         struct dmx_pes_filter_params pesFilterParams;
+
+         if (demux1 &#x003C; 0){
+                 if ((demux1=open(DMX, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK))
+                     &#x003C; 0){
+                         perror("DEMUX DEVICE: ");
+                         return -1;
+                 }
+         }
+
+         if (demux2 &#x003C; 0){
+                 if ((demux2=open(DMX, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK))
+                     &#x003C; 0){
+                         perror("DEMUX DEVICE: ");
+                         return -1;
+                 }
+         }
+
+         pesFilterParams.pid = vpid;
+         pesFilterParams.input = DMX_IN_FRONTEND;
+         pesFilterParams.output = DMX_OUT_TS_TAP;
+         pesFilterParams.pes_type = DMX_PES_VIDEO;
+         pesFilterParams.flags = DMX_IMMEDIATE_START;
+         if (ioctl(demux1, DMX_SET_PES_FILTER, &amp;pesFilterParams) &#x003C; 0){
+                 perror("DEMUX DEVICE");
+                 return -1;
+         }
+         pesFilterParams.pid = apid;
+         pesFilterParams.input = DMX_IN_FRONTEND;
+         pesFilterParams.output = DMX_OUT_TS_TAP;
+         pesFilterParams.pes_type = DMX_PES_AUDIO;
+         pesFilterParams.flags = DMX_IMMEDIATE_START;
+         if (ioctl(demux2, DMX_SET_PES_FILTER, &amp;pesFilterParams) &#x003C; 0){
+                 perror("DEMUX DEVICE");
+                 return -1;
+         }
+         return 0;
+ }
+
+ /&#x22C6; start recording MAX_LENGTH , assuming the transponder is tuned &#x22C6;/
+
+ /&#x22C6; demux1, demux2: file descriptor of video and audio filters &#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6; vpid, apid:     PIDs of video and audio channels           &#x22C6;/
+ int record_dvr(int demux1, int demux2, uint16_t vpid, uint16_t apid)
+ {
+         int i;
+         int len;
+         int written;
+         uint8_t buf[BUFFY];
+         uint64_t length;
+         struct pollfd pfd[1];
+         int dvr, dvr_out;
+
+         /&#x22C6; open dvr device &#x22C6;/
+         if ((dvr = open(DVR, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK)) &#x003C; 0){
+                         perror("DVR DEVICE");
+                         return -1;
+         }
+
+         /&#x22C6; switch video and audio demuxes to dvr &#x22C6;/
+         printf ("Switching dvr on\n");
+         i = switch_to_record(demux1, demux2, vpid, apid);
+         printf("finished: ");
+
+         printf("Recording %2.0f MB of test file in TS format\n",
+                MAX_LENGTH/(1024.0&#x22C6;1024.0));
+         length = 0;
+
+         /&#x22C6; open output file &#x22C6;/
+         if ((dvr_out = open(DVR_FILE,O_WRONLY|O_CREAT
+                                  |O_TRUNC, S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR
+                                  |S_IRGRP|S_IWGRP|S_IROTH|
+                                  S_IWOTH)) &#x003C; 0){
+                 perror("Can't open file for dvr test");
+                 return -1;
+         }
+
+         pfd[0].fd = dvr;
+         pfd[0].events = POLLIN;
+
+         /&#x22C6; poll for dvr data and write to file &#x22C6;/
+         while (length &#x003C; MAX_LENGTH ) {
+                 if (poll(pfd,1,1)){
+                         if (pfd[0].revents &amp; POLLIN){
+                                 len = read(dvr, buf, BUFFY);
+                                 if (len &#x003C; 0){
+                                         perror("recording");
+                                         return -1;
+                                 }
+                                 if (len &#x003E; 0){
+                                         written = 0;
+                                         while (written &#x003C; len)
+                                                 written +=
+                                                         write (dvr_out,
+                                                                buf, len);
+                                         length += len;
+                                         printf("written %2.0f MB\r",
+                                                length/1024./1024.);
+                                 }
+                         }
+                 }
+         }
+         return 0;
+ }
+
+</programlisting>
+
+</section>
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/frontend.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/frontend.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..9d89a7b94fd5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/frontend.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,1766 @@
+<title>DVB Frontend API</title>
+
+<para>The DVB frontend device controls the tuner and DVB demodulator
+hardware. It can be accessed through <emphasis
+role="tt">/dev/dvb/adapter0/frontend0</emphasis>. Data types and and
+ioctl definitions can be accessed by including <emphasis
+role="tt">linux/dvb/frontend.h</emphasis> in your application.</para>
+
+<para>DVB frontends come in three varieties: DVB-S (satellite), DVB-C
+(cable) and DVB-T (terrestrial). Transmission via the internet (DVB-IP)
+is not yet handled by this API but a future extension is possible. For
+DVB-S the frontend device also supports satellite equipment control
+(SEC) via DiSEqC and V-SEC protocols. The DiSEqC (digital SEC)
+specification is available from
+<ulink url="http://www.eutelsat.com/satellites/4_5_5.html">Eutelsat</ulink>.</para>
+
+<para>Note that the DVB API may also be used for MPEG decoder-only PCI
+cards, in which case there exists no frontend device.</para>
+
+<section id="frontend_types">
+<title>Frontend Data Types</title>
+
+<section id="frontend_type">
+<title>frontend type</title>
+
+<para>For historical reasons frontend types are named after the type of modulation used in
+transmission.</para>
+<programlisting>
+        typedef enum fe_type {
+        FE_QPSK,   /&#x22C6; DVB-S &#x22C6;/
+        FE_QAM,    /&#x22C6; DVB-C &#x22C6;/
+        FE_OFDM    /&#x22C6; DVB-T &#x22C6;/
+        } fe_type_t;
+</programlisting>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="frontend_caps">
+<title>frontend capabilities</title>
+
+<para>Capabilities describe what a frontend can do. Some capabilities can only be supported for
+a specific frontend type.</para>
+<programlisting>
+        typedef enum fe_caps {
+        FE_IS_STUPID                  = 0,
+        FE_CAN_INVERSION_AUTO         = 0x1,
+        FE_CAN_FEC_1_2                = 0x2,
+        FE_CAN_FEC_2_3                = 0x4,
+        FE_CAN_FEC_3_4                = 0x8,
+        FE_CAN_FEC_4_5                = 0x10,
+        FE_CAN_FEC_5_6                = 0x20,
+        FE_CAN_FEC_6_7                = 0x40,
+        FE_CAN_FEC_7_8                = 0x80,
+        FE_CAN_FEC_8_9                = 0x100,
+        FE_CAN_FEC_AUTO               = 0x200,
+        FE_CAN_QPSK                   = 0x400,
+        FE_CAN_QAM_16                 = 0x800,
+        FE_CAN_QAM_32                 = 0x1000,
+        FE_CAN_QAM_64                 = 0x2000,
+        FE_CAN_QAM_128                = 0x4000,
+        FE_CAN_QAM_256                = 0x8000,
+        FE_CAN_QAM_AUTO               = 0x10000,
+        FE_CAN_TRANSMISSION_MODE_AUTO = 0x20000,
+        FE_CAN_BANDWIDTH_AUTO         = 0x40000,
+        FE_CAN_GUARD_INTERVAL_AUTO    = 0x80000,
+        FE_CAN_HIERARCHY_AUTO         = 0x100000,
+        FE_CAN_MUTE_TS                = 0x80000000,
+        FE_CAN_CLEAN_SETUP            = 0x40000000
+        } fe_caps_t;
+</programlisting>
+</section>
+
+<section id="frontend_info">
+<title>frontend information</title>
+
+<para>Information about the frontend ca be queried with FE_GET_INFO.</para>
+
+<programlisting>
+        struct dvb_frontend_info {
+        char       name[128];
+        fe_type_t  type;
+        uint32_t   frequency_min;
+        uint32_t   frequency_max;
+        uint32_t   frequency_stepsize;
+        uint32_t   frequency_tolerance;
+        uint32_t   symbol_rate_min;
+        uint32_t   symbol_rate_max;
+        uint32_t   symbol_rate_tolerance;     /&#x22C6; ppm &#x22C6;/
+        uint32_t   notifier_delay;            /&#x22C6; ms &#x22C6;/
+        fe_caps_t  caps;
+        };
+</programlisting>
+</section>
+
+<section id="frontend_diseqc">
+<title>diseqc master command</title>
+
+<para>A message sent from the frontend to DiSEqC capable equipment.</para>
+<programlisting>
+        struct dvb_diseqc_master_cmd {
+        uint8_t msg [6]; /&#x22C6;  { framing, address, command, data[3] } &#x22C6;/
+        uint8_t msg_len; /&#x22C6;  valid values are 3...6  &#x22C6;/
+        };
+</programlisting>
+</section>
+<section role="subsection">
+<title>diseqc slave reply</title>
+
+<para>A reply to the frontend from DiSEqC 2.0 capable equipment.</para>
+<programlisting>
+        struct dvb_diseqc_slave_reply {
+        uint8_t msg [4]; /&#x22C6;  { framing, data [3] } &#x22C6;/
+        uint8_t msg_len; /&#x22C6;  valid values are 0...4, 0 means no msg  &#x22C6;/
+        int     timeout; /&#x22C6;  return from ioctl after timeout ms with &#x22C6;/
+        };                       /&#x22C6;  errorcode when no message was received  &#x22C6;/
+</programlisting>
+</section>
+
+<section id="frontend_diseqc_slave_reply">
+<title>diseqc slave reply</title>
+<para>The voltage is usually used with non-DiSEqC capable LNBs to switch the polarzation
+(horizontal/vertical). When using DiSEqC epuipment this voltage has to be switched
+consistently to the DiSEqC commands as described in the DiSEqC spec.</para>
+<programlisting>
+        typedef enum fe_sec_voltage {
+        SEC_VOLTAGE_13,
+        SEC_VOLTAGE_18
+        } fe_sec_voltage_t;
+</programlisting>
+</section>
+
+<section id="frontend_sec_tone">
+<title>SEC continuous tone</title>
+
+<para>The continous 22KHz tone is usually used with non-DiSEqC capable LNBs to switch the
+high/low band of a dual-band LNB. When using DiSEqC epuipment this voltage has to
+be switched consistently to the DiSEqC commands as described in the DiSEqC
+spec.</para>
+<programlisting>
+        typedef enum fe_sec_tone_mode {
+        SEC_TONE_ON,
+        SEC_TONE_OFF
+        } fe_sec_tone_mode_t;
+</programlisting>
+</section>
+
+<section id="frontend_sec_burst">
+<title>SEC tone burst</title>
+
+<para>The 22KHz tone burst is usually used with non-DiSEqC capable switches to select
+between two connected LNBs/satellites. When using DiSEqC epuipment this voltage has to
+be switched consistently to the DiSEqC commands as described in the DiSEqC
+spec.</para>
+<programlisting>
+        typedef enum fe_sec_mini_cmd {
+        SEC_MINI_A,
+        SEC_MINI_B
+        } fe_sec_mini_cmd_t;
+</programlisting>
+
+<para></para>
+</section>
+
+<section id="frontend_status">
+<title>frontend status</title>
+<para>Several functions of the frontend device use the fe_status data type defined
+by</para>
+<programlisting>
+ typedef enum fe_status {
+         FE_HAS_SIGNAL     = 0x01,   /&#x22C6;  found something above the noise level &#x22C6;/
+         FE_HAS_CARRIER    = 0x02,   /&#x22C6;  found a DVB signal  &#x22C6;/
+         FE_HAS_VITERBI    = 0x04,   /&#x22C6;  FEC is stable  &#x22C6;/
+         FE_HAS_SYNC       = 0x08,   /&#x22C6;  found sync bytes  &#x22C6;/
+         FE_HAS_LOCK       = 0x10,   /&#x22C6;  everything's working... &#x22C6;/
+         FE_TIMEDOUT       = 0x20,   /&#x22C6;  no lock within the last ~2 seconds &#x22C6;/
+         FE_REINIT         = 0x40    /&#x22C6;  frontend was reinitialized,  &#x22C6;/
+ } fe_status_t;                      /&#x22C6;  application is recommned to reset &#x22C6;/
+</programlisting>
+<para>to indicate the current state and/or state changes of the frontend hardware.
+</para>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="frontend_params">
+<title>frontend parameters</title>
+<para>The kind of parameters passed to the frontend device for tuning depend on
+the kind of hardware you are using. All kinds of parameters are combined as an
+union in the FrontendParameters structure:</para>
+<programlisting>
+ struct dvb_frontend_parameters {
+         uint32_t frequency;       /&#x22C6; (absolute) frequency in Hz for QAM/OFDM &#x22C6;/
+                                   /&#x22C6; intermediate frequency in kHz for QPSK &#x22C6;/
+         fe_spectral_inversion_t inversion;
+         union {
+                 struct dvb_qpsk_parameters qpsk;
+                 struct dvb_qam_parameters  qam;
+                 struct dvb_ofdm_parameters ofdm;
+         } u;
+ };
+</programlisting>
+<para>For satellite QPSK frontends you have to use the <constant>QPSKParameters</constant> member defined by</para>
+<programlisting>
+ struct dvb_qpsk_parameters {
+         uint32_t        symbol_rate;  /&#x22C6; symbol rate in Symbols per second &#x22C6;/
+         fe_code_rate_t  fec_inner;    /&#x22C6; forward error correction (see above) &#x22C6;/
+ };
+</programlisting>
+<para>for cable QAM frontend you use the <constant>QAMParameters</constant> structure</para>
+<programlisting>
+ struct dvb_qam_parameters {
+         uint32_t         symbol_rate; /&#x22C6; symbol rate in Symbols per second &#x22C6;/
+         fe_code_rate_t   fec_inner;   /&#x22C6; forward error correction (see above) &#x22C6;/
+         fe_modulation_t  modulation;  /&#x22C6; modulation type (see above) &#x22C6;/
+ };
+</programlisting>
+<para>DVB-T frontends are supported by the <constant>OFDMParamters</constant> structure
+</para>
+<programlisting>
+ struct dvb_ofdm_parameters {
+         fe_bandwidth_t      bandwidth;
+         fe_code_rate_t      code_rate_HP;  /&#x22C6; high priority stream code rate &#x22C6;/
+         fe_code_rate_t      code_rate_LP;  /&#x22C6; low priority stream code rate &#x22C6;/
+         fe_modulation_t     constellation; /&#x22C6; modulation type (see above) &#x22C6;/
+         fe_transmit_mode_t  transmission_mode;
+         fe_guard_interval_t guard_interval;
+         fe_hierarchy_t      hierarchy_information;
+ };
+</programlisting>
+<para>In the case of QPSK frontends the <constant>Frequency</constant> field specifies the intermediate
+frequency, i.e. the offset which is effectively added to the local oscillator frequency (LOF) of
+the LNB. The intermediate frequency has to be specified in units of kHz. For QAM and
+OFDM frontends the Frequency specifies the absolute frequency and is given in
+Hz.
+</para>
+<para>The Inversion field can take one of these values:
+</para>
+<programlisting>
+ typedef enum fe_spectral_inversion {
+         INVERSION_OFF,
+         INVERSION_ON,
+         INVERSION_AUTO
+ } fe_spectral_inversion_t;
+</programlisting>
+<para>It indicates if spectral inversion should be presumed or not. In the automatic setting
+(<constant>INVERSION_AUTO</constant>) the hardware will try to figure out the correct setting by
+itself.
+</para>
+<para>The possible values for the <constant>FEC_inner</constant> field are
+</para>
+<programlisting>
+ typedef enum fe_code_rate {
+         FEC_NONE = 0,
+         FEC_1_2,
+         FEC_2_3,
+         FEC_3_4,
+         FEC_4_5,
+         FEC_5_6,
+         FEC_6_7,
+         FEC_7_8,
+         FEC_8_9,
+         FEC_AUTO
+ } fe_code_rate_t;
+</programlisting>
+<para>which correspond to error correction rates of 1/2, 2/3, etc., no error correction or auto
+detection.
+</para>
+<para>For cable and terrestrial frontends (QAM and OFDM) one also has to specify the quadrature
+modulation mode which can be one of the following:
+</para>
+<programlisting>
+ typedef enum fe_modulation {
+ QPSK,
+         QAM_16,
+         QAM_32,
+         QAM_64,
+         QAM_128,
+         QAM_256,
+         QAM_AUTO
+ } fe_modulation_t;
+</programlisting>
+<para>Finally, there are several more parameters for OFDM:
+</para>
+<programlisting>
+ typedef enum fe_transmit_mode {
+         TRANSMISSION_MODE_2K,
+         TRANSMISSION_MODE_8K,
+         TRANSMISSION_MODE_AUTO
+ } fe_transmit_mode_t;
+</programlisting>
+ <programlisting>
+ typedef enum fe_bandwidth {
+         BANDWIDTH_8_MHZ,
+         BANDWIDTH_7_MHZ,
+         BANDWIDTH_6_MHZ,
+         BANDWIDTH_AUTO
+ } fe_bandwidth_t;
+</programlisting>
+ <programlisting>
+ typedef enum fe_guard_interval {
+         GUARD_INTERVAL_1_32,
+         GUARD_INTERVAL_1_16,
+         GUARD_INTERVAL_1_8,
+         GUARD_INTERVAL_1_4,
+         GUARD_INTERVAL_AUTO
+ } fe_guard_interval_t;
+</programlisting>
+ <programlisting>
+ typedef enum fe_hierarchy {
+         HIERARCHY_NONE,
+         HIERARCHY_1,
+         HIERARCHY_2,
+         HIERARCHY_4,
+         HIERARCHY_AUTO
+ } fe_hierarchy_t;
+</programlisting>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="frontend_events">
+<title>frontend events</title>
+ <programlisting>
+ struct dvb_frontend_event {
+         fe_status_t status;
+         struct dvb_frontend_parameters parameters;
+ };
+</programlisting>
+ </section>
+</section>
+
+
+<section id="frontend_fcalls">
+<title>Frontend Function Calls</title>
+
+<section id="frontend_f_open">
+<title>open()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row>
+<entry align="char">
+<para>This system call opens a named frontend device (/dev/dvb/adapter0/frontend0)
+ for subsequent use. Usually the first thing to do after a successful open is to
+ find out the frontend type with FE_GET_INFO.</para>
+<para>The device can be opened in read-only mode, which only allows monitoring of
+ device status and statistics, or read/write mode, which allows any kind of use
+ (e.g. performing tuning operations.)
+</para>
+<para>In a system with multiple front-ends, it is usually the case that multiple devices
+ cannot be open in read/write mode simultaneously. As long as a front-end
+ device is opened in read/write mode, other open() calls in read/write mode will
+ either fail or block, depending on whether non-blocking or blocking mode was
+ specified. A front-end device opened in blocking mode can later be put into
+ non-blocking mode (and vice versa) using the F_SETFL command of the fcntl
+ system call. This is a standard system call, documented in the Linux manual
+ page for fcntl. When an open() call has succeeded, the device will be ready
+ for use in the specified mode. This implies that the corresponding hardware is
+ powered up, and that other front-ends may have been powered down to make
+ that possible.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+<para>SYNOPSIS</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int open(const char &#x22C6;deviceName, int flags);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>const char
+ *deviceName</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Name of specific video device.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int flags</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>A bit-wise OR of the following flags:</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>O_RDONLY read-only access</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>O_RDWR read/write access</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>O_NONBLOCK open in non-blocking mode</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>(blocking mode is the default)</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>ENODEV</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Device driver not loaded/available.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBUSY</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Device or resource busy.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Invalid argument.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+</section>
+
+<section id="frontend_f_close">
+<title>close()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This system call closes a previously opened front-end device. After closing
+ a front-end device, its corresponding hardware might be powered down
+ automatically.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int close(int fd);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+</section>
+
+<section id="frontend_read_status">
+<title>FE_READ_STATUS</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call returns status information about the front-end. This call only
+ requires read-only access to the device.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(int fd, int request = FE_READ_STATUS,
+ fe_status_t &#x22C6;status);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals FE_READ_STATUS for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>struct fe_status_t
+ *status</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Points to the location where the front-end status word is
+ to be stored.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EFAULT</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>status points to invalid address.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+</section>
+
+<section id="frontend_read_ber">
+<title>FE_READ_BER</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call returns the bit error rate for the signal currently
+ received/demodulated by the front-end. For this command, read-only access to
+ the device is sufficient.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(int fd, int request = FE_READ_BER,
+ uint32_t &#x22C6;ber);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals FE_READ_BER for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>uint32_t *ber</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The bit error rate is stored into *ber.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EFAULT</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>ber points to invalid address.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>ENOSIGNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>There is no signal, thus no meaningful bit error rate. Also
+ returned if the front-end is not turned on.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>ENOSYS</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Function not available for this device.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+</section>
+
+<section id="frontend_read_snr">
+<title>FE_READ_SNR</title>
+
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call returns the signal-to-noise ratio for the signal currently received
+ by the front-end. For this command, read-only access to the device is sufficient.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(int fd, int request = FE_READ_SNR, int16_t
+ &#x22C6;snr);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals FE_READ_SNR for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int16_t *snr</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The signal-to-noise ratio is stored into *snr.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EFAULT</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>snr points to invalid address.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>ENOSIGNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>There is no signal, thus no meaningful signal strength
+ value. Also returned if front-end is not turned on.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>ENOSYS</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Function not available for this device.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+</section>
+
+<section id="frontend_read_signal_strength">
+<title>FE_READ_SIGNAL_STRENGTH</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call returns the signal strength value for the signal currently received
+ by the front-end. For this command, read-only access to the device is sufficient.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl( int fd, int request =
+ FE_READ_SIGNAL_STRENGTH, int16_t &#x22C6;strength);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals FE_READ_SIGNAL_STRENGTH for this
+ command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int16_t *strength</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The signal strength value is stored into *strength.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EFAULT</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>status points to invalid address.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>ENOSIGNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>There is no signal, thus no meaningful signal strength
+ value. Also returned if front-end is not turned on.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>ENOSYS</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Function not available for this device.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+</section>
+
+<section id="frontend_read_ub">
+<title>FE_READ_UNCORRECTED_BLOCKS</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call returns the number of uncorrected blocks detected by the device
+ driver during its lifetime. For meaningful measurements, the increment in block
+ count during a specific time interval should be calculated. For this command,
+ read-only access to the device is sufficient.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Note that the counter will wrap to zero after its maximum count has been
+ reached.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl( int fd, int request =
+ FE_READ_UNCORRECTED_BLOCKS, uint32_t &#x22C6;ublocks);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals FE_READ_UNCORRECTED_BLOCKS for this
+ command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>uint32_t *ublocks</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The total number of uncorrected blocks seen by the driver
+ so far.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EFAULT</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>ublocks points to invalid address.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>ENOSYS</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Function not available for this device.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+</section>
+
+<section id="frontend_set_fe">
+<title>FE_SET_FRONTEND</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call starts a tuning operation using specified parameters. The result
+ of this call will be successful if the parameters were valid and the tuning could
+ be initiated. The result of the tuning operation in itself, however, will arrive
+ asynchronously as an event (see documentation for FE_GET_EVENT and
+ FrontendEvent.) If a new FE_SET_FRONTEND operation is initiated before
+ the previous one was completed, the previous operation will be aborted in favor
+ of the new one. This command requires read/write access to the device.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(int fd, int request = FE_SET_FRONTEND,
+ struct dvb_frontend_parameters &#x22C6;p);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals FE_SET_FRONTEND for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>struct
+ dvb_frontend_parameters
+ *p</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Points to parameters for tuning operation.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EFAULT</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>p points to invalid address.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Maximum supported symbol rate reached.</para>
+</entry>
+</row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+</section>
+
+<section id="frontend_get_fe">
+<title>FE_GET_FRONTEND</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call queries the currently effective frontend parameters. For this
+ command, read-only access to the device is sufficient.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(int fd, int request = FE_GET_FRONTEND,
+ struct dvb_frontend_parameters &#x22C6;p);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals FE_SET_FRONTEND for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>struct
+ dvb_frontend_parameters
+ *p</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Points to parameters for tuning operation.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EFAULT</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>p points to invalid address.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Maximum supported symbol rate reached.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="frontend_get_event">
+<title>FE_GET_EVENT</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call returns a frontend event if available. If an event is not
+ available, the behavior depends on whether the device is in blocking or
+ non-blocking mode. In the latter case, the call fails immediately with errno
+ set to EWOULDBLOCK. In the former case, the call blocks until an event
+ becomes available.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The standard Linux poll() and/or select() system calls can be used with the
+ device file descriptor to watch for new events. For select(), the file descriptor
+ should be included in the exceptfds argument, and for poll(), POLLPRI should
+ be specified as the wake-up condition. Since the event queue allocated is
+ rather small (room for 8 events), the queue must be serviced regularly to avoid
+ overflow. If an overflow happens, the oldest event is discarded from the queue,
+ and an error (EOVERFLOW) occurs the next time the queue is read. After
+ reporting the error condition in this fashion, subsequent FE_GET_EVENT
+ calls will return events from the queue as usual.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>For the sake of implementation simplicity, this command requires read/write
+ access to the device.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(int fd, int request = QPSK_GET_EVENT,
+ struct dvb_frontend_event &#x22C6;ev);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals FE_GET_EVENT for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>struct
+ dvb_frontend_event
+ *ev</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Points to the location where the event,</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>if any, is to be stored.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EFAULT</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>ev points to invalid address.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EWOULDBLOCK</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>There is no event pending, and the device is in
+ non-blocking mode.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EOVERFLOW</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Overflow in event queue - one or more events were lost.</para>
+</entry>
+</row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+</section>
+
+<section id="frontend_get_info">
+<title>FE_GET_INFO</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call returns information about the front-end. This call only requires
+ read-only access to the device.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para> int ioctl(int fd, int request = FE_GET_INFO, struct
+ dvb_frontend_info &#x22C6;info);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals FE_GET_INFO for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>struct
+ dvb_frontend_info
+ *info</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Points to the location where the front-end information is
+ to be stored.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EFAULT</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>info points to invalid address.</para>
+</entry>
+</row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+</section>
+
+<section id="frontend_diseqc_reset_overload">
+<title>FE_DISEQC_RESET_OVERLOAD</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>If the bus has been automatically powered off due to power overload, this ioctl
+ call restores the power to the bus. The call requires read/write access to the
+ device. This call has no effect if the device is manually powered off. Not all
+ DVB adapters support this ioctl.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(int fd, int request =
+ FE_DISEQC_RESET_OVERLOAD);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals FE_DISEQC_RESET_OVERLOAD for this
+ command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EPERM</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Permission denied (needs read/write access).</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error in the device driver.</para>
+</entry>
+</row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+</section>
+
+<section id="frontend_diseqc_send_master_cmd">
+<title>FE_DISEQC_SEND_MASTER_CMD</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call is used to send a a DiSEqC command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(int fd, int request =
+ FE_DISEQC_SEND_MASTER_CMD, struct
+ dvb_diseqc_master_cmd &#x22C6;cmd);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals FE_DISEQC_SEND_MASTER_CMD for this
+ command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>struct
+ dvb_diseqc_master_cmd
+ *cmd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the command to be transmitted.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EFAULT</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Seq points to an invalid address.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The data structure referred to by seq is invalid in some
+ way.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EPERM</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Permission denied (needs read/write access).</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error in the device driver.</para>
+</entry>
+</row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+</section>
+
+<section id="frontend_diseqc_recv_slave_reply">
+<title>FE_DISEQC_RECV_SLAVE_REPLY</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call is used to receive reply to a DiSEqC 2.0 command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(int fd, int request =
+ FE_DISEQC_RECV_SLAVE_REPLY, struct
+ dvb_diseqc_slave_reply &#x22C6;reply);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals FE_DISEQC_RECV_SLAVE_REPLY for this
+ command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>struct
+ dvb_diseqc_slave_reply
+ *reply</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the command to be received.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EFAULT</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Seq points to an invalid address.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The data structure referred to by seq is invalid in some
+ way.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EPERM</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Permission denied (needs read/write access).</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error in the device driver.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+</section>
+
+<section id="frontend_diseqc_send_burst">
+<title>FE_DISEQC_SEND_BURST</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call is used to send a 22KHz tone burst.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(int fd, int request =
+ FE_DISEQC_SEND_BURST, fe_sec_mini_cmd_t burst);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals FE_DISEQC_SEND_BURST for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fe_sec_mini_cmd_t
+ burst</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>burst A or B.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EFAULT</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Seq points to an invalid address.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The data structure referred to by seq is invalid in some
+ way.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EPERM</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Permission denied (needs read/write access).</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error in the device driver.</para>
+</entry>
+</row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+</section>
+
+<section id="frontend_set_tone">
+<title>FE_SET_TONE</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This call is used to set the generation of the continuous 22kHz tone. This call
+ requires read/write permissions.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(int fd, int request = FE_SET_TONE,
+ fe_sec_tone_mode_t tone);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals FE_SET_TONE for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fe_sec_tone_mode_t
+ tone</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The requested tone generation mode (on/off).</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>ENODEV</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Device driver not loaded/available.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBUSY</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Device or resource busy.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Invalid argument.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EPERM</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File not opened with read permissions.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error in the device driver.</para>
+</entry>
+</row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+</section>
+
+<section id="fe_set_voltage">
+<title>FE_SET_VOLTAGE</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This call is used to set the bus voltage. This call requires read/write
+ permissions.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(int fd, int request = FE_SET_VOLTAGE,
+ fe_sec_voltage_t voltage);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals FE_SET_VOLTAGE for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fe_sec_voltage_t
+ voltage</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The requested bus voltage.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>ENODEV</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Device driver not loaded/available.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBUSY</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Device or resource busy.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Invalid argument.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EPERM</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File not opened with read permissions.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error in the device driver.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+</section>
+
+<section id="frontend_enable_high_lnb_volt">
+<title>FE_ENABLE_HIGH_LNB_VOLTAGE</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>If high != 0 enables slightly higher voltages instead of 13/18V (to compensate
+ for long cables). This call requires read/write permissions. Not all DVB
+ adapters support this ioctl.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(int fd, int request =
+ FE_ENABLE_HIGH_LNB_VOLTAGE, int high);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals FE_SET_VOLTAGE for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int high</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The requested bus voltage.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>ENODEV</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Device driver not loaded/available.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBUSY</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Device or resource busy.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Invalid argument.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EPERM</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File not opened with read permissions.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error in the device driver.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+</section>
+</section>
+&sub-isdbt;
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/intro.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/intro.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..0dc83f672ea2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/intro.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
+<title>Introduction</title>
+
+<section id="requisites">
+<title>What you need to know</title>
+
+<para>The reader of this document is required to have some knowledge in
+the area of digital video broadcasting (DVB) and should be familiar with
+part I of the MPEG2 specification ISO/IEC 13818 (aka ITU-T H.222), i.e
+you should know what a program/transport stream (PS/TS) is and what is
+meant by a packetized elementary stream (PES) or an I-frame.</para>
+
+<para>Various DVB standards documents are available from
+<ulink url="http://www.dvb.org" /> and/or
+<ulink url="http://www.etsi.org" />.</para>
+
+<para>It is also necessary to know how to access unix/linux devices and
+how to use ioctl calls. This also includes the knowledge of C or C++.
+</para>
+</section>
+
+<section id="history">
+<title>History</title>
+
+<para>The first API for DVB cards we used at Convergence in late 1999
+was an extension of the Video4Linux API which was primarily developed
+for frame grabber cards. As such it was not really well suited to be
+used for DVB cards and their new features like recording MPEG streams
+and filtering several section and PES data streams at the same time.
+</para>
+
+<para>In early 2000, we were approached by Nokia with a proposal for a
+new standard Linux DVB API. As a commitment to the development of
+terminals based on open standards, Nokia and Convergence made it
+available to all Linux developers and published it on
+<ulink url="http://www.linuxtv.org/" /> in September 2000.
+Convergence is the maintainer of the Linux DVB API. Together with the
+LinuxTV community (i.e. you, the reader of this document), the Linux DVB
+API will be constantly reviewed and improved. With the Linux driver for
+the Siemens/Hauppauge DVB PCI card Convergence provides a first
+implementation of the Linux DVB API.</para>
+</section>
+
+<section id="overview">
+<title>Overview</title>
+
+<figure id="stb_components">
+<title>Components of a DVB card/STB</title>
+<mediaobject>
+<imageobject>
+<imagedata fileref="dvbstb.pdf" format="PS" />
+</imageobject>
+<imageobject>
+<imagedata fileref="dvbstb.png" format="PNG" />
+</imageobject>
+</mediaobject>
+</figure>
+
+<para>A DVB PCI card or DVB set-top-box (STB) usually consists of the
+following main hardware components: </para>
+
+<itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+
+<para>Frontend consisting of tuner and DVB demodulator</para>
+
+<para>Here the raw signal reaches the DVB hardware from a satellite dish
+or antenna or directly from cable. The frontend down-converts and
+demodulates this signal into an MPEG transport stream (TS). In case of a
+satellite frontend, this includes a facility for satellite equipment
+control (SEC), which allows control of LNB polarization, multi feed
+switches or dish rotors.</para>
+
+</listitem>
+ <listitem>
+
+<para>Conditional Access (CA) hardware like CI adapters and smartcard slots
+</para>
+
+<para>The complete TS is passed through the CA hardware. Programs to
+which the user has access (controlled by the smart card) are decoded in
+real time and re-inserted into the TS.</para>
+
+</listitem>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Demultiplexer which filters the incoming DVB stream</para>
+
+<para>The demultiplexer splits the TS into its components like audio and
+video streams. Besides usually several of such audio and video streams
+it also contains data streams with information about the programs
+offered in this or other streams of the same provider.</para>
+
+</listitem>
+<listitem>
+
+<para>MPEG2 audio and video decoder</para>
+
+<para>The main targets of the demultiplexer are the MPEG2 audio and
+video decoders. After decoding they pass on the uncompressed audio and
+video to the computer screen or (through a PAL/NTSC encoder) to a TV
+set.</para>
+
+
+</listitem>
+</itemizedlist>
+
+<para><xref linkend="stb_components" /> shows a crude schematic of the control and data flow
+between those components.</para>
+
+<para>On a DVB PCI card not all of these have to be present since some
+functionality can be provided by the main CPU of the PC (e.g. MPEG
+picture and sound decoding) or is not needed (e.g. for data-only uses
+like &#8220;internet over satellite&#8221;). Also not every card or STB
+provides conditional access hardware.</para>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="dvb_devices">
+<title>Linux DVB Devices</title>
+
+<para>The Linux DVB API lets you control these hardware components
+through currently six Unix-style character devices for video, audio,
+frontend, demux, CA and IP-over-DVB networking. The video and audio
+devices control the MPEG2 decoder hardware, the frontend device the
+tuner and the DVB demodulator. The demux device gives you control over
+the PES and section filters of the hardware. If the hardware does not
+support filtering these filters can be implemented in software. Finally,
+the CA device controls all the conditional access capabilities of the
+hardware. It can depend on the individual security requirements of the
+platform, if and how many of the CA functions are made available to the
+application through this device.</para>
+
+<para>All devices can be found in the <emphasis role="tt">/dev</emphasis>
+tree under <emphasis role="tt">/dev/dvb</emphasis>. The individual devices
+are called:</para>
+
+<itemizedlist>
+<listitem>
+
+<para><emphasis role="tt">/dev/dvb/adapterN/audioM</emphasis>,</para>
+</listitem>
+<listitem>
+<para><emphasis role="tt">/dev/dvb/adapterN/videoM</emphasis>,</para>
+</listitem>
+<listitem>
+<para><emphasis role="tt">/dev/dvb/adapterN/frontendM</emphasis>,</para>
+</listitem>
+ <listitem>
+
+<para><emphasis role="tt">/dev/dvb/adapterN/netM</emphasis>,</para>
+</listitem>
+ <listitem>
+
+<para><emphasis role="tt">/dev/dvb/adapterN/demuxM</emphasis>,</para>
+</listitem>
+ <listitem>
+
+<para><emphasis role="tt">/dev/dvb/adapterN/caM</emphasis>,</para></listitem></itemizedlist>
+
+<para>where N enumerates the DVB PCI cards in a system starting
+from&#x00A0;0, and M enumerates the devices of each type within each
+adapter, starting from&#x00A0;0, too. We will omit the &#8220;<emphasis
+role="tt">/dev/dvb/adapterN/</emphasis>&#8221; in the further dicussion
+of these devices. The naming scheme for the devices is the same wheter
+devfs is used or not.</para>
+
+<para>More details about the data structures and function calls of all
+the devices are described in the following chapters.</para>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="include_files">
+<title>API include files</title>
+
+<para>For each of the DVB devices a corresponding include file exists.
+The DVB API include files should be included in application sources with
+a partial path like:</para>
+
+
+<programlisting>
+        #include &#x003C;linux/dvb/frontend.h&#x003E;
+</programlisting>
+
+<para>To enable applications to support different API version, an
+additional include file <emphasis
+role="tt">linux/dvb/version.h</emphasis> exists, which defines the
+constant <emphasis role="tt">DVB_API_VERSION</emphasis>. This document
+describes <emphasis role="tt">DVB_API_VERSION&#x00A0;3</emphasis>.
+</para>
+
+</section>
+
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/isdbt.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/isdbt.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..92855222fccb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/isdbt.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,314 @@
+<section id="isdbt">
+        <title>ISDB-T frontend</title>
+        <para>This section describes shortly what are the possible parameters in the Linux
+                DVB-API called "S2API" and now DVB API 5 in order to tune an ISDB-T/ISDB-Tsb
+                demodulator:</para>
+
+        <para>This ISDB-T/ISDB-Tsb API extension should reflect all information
+                needed to tune any ISDB-T/ISDB-Tsb hardware. Of course it is possible
+                that some very sophisticated devices won't need certain parameters to
+                tune.</para>
+
+        <para>The information given here should help application writers to know how
+                to handle ISDB-T and ISDB-Tsb hardware using the Linux DVB-API.</para>
+
+        <para>The details given here about ISDB-T and ISDB-Tsb are just enough to
+                basically show the dependencies between the needed parameter values,
+                but surely some information is left out. For more detailed information
+                see the following documents:</para>
+
+        <para>ARIB STD-B31 - "Transmission System for Digital Terrestrial
+                Television Broadcasting" and</para>
+        <para>ARIB TR-B14 - "Operational Guidelines for Digital Terrestrial
+                Television Broadcasting".</para>
+
+        <para>In order to read this document one has to have some knowledge the
+                channel structure in ISDB-T and ISDB-Tsb. I.e. it has to be known to
+                the reader that an ISDB-T channel consists of 13 segments, that it can
+                have up to 3 layer sharing those segments, and things like that.</para>
+
+        <para>Parameters used by ISDB-T and ISDB-Tsb.</para>
+
+        <section id="isdbt-parms">
+                <title>Parameters that are common with DVB-T and ATSC</title>
+
+                <section id="isdbt-freq">
+                        <title><constant>DTV_FREQUENCY</constant></title>
+
+                        <para>Central frequency of the channel.</para>
+
+                        <para>For ISDB-T the channels are usally transmitted with an offset of 143kHz. E.g. a
+                                valid frequncy could be 474143 kHz. The stepping is bound to the bandwidth of
+                                the channel which is 6MHz.</para>
+
+                        <para>As in ISDB-Tsb the channel consists of only one or three segments the
+                                frequency step is 429kHz, 3*429 respectively. As for ISDB-T the
+                                central frequency of the channel is expected.</para>
+                </section>
+
+                <section id="isdbt-bw">
+                        <title><constant>DTV_BANDWIDTH_HZ</constant> (optional)</title>
+
+                        <para>Possible values:</para>
+
+                        <para>For ISDB-T it should be always 6000000Hz (6MHz)</para>
+                        <para>For ISDB-Tsb it can vary depending on the number of connected segments</para>
+
+                        <para>Note: Hardware specific values might be given here, but standard
+                                applications should not bother to set a value to this field as
+                                standard demods are ignoring it anyway.</para>
+
+                        <para>Bandwidth in ISDB-T is fixed (6MHz) or can be easily derived from
+                                other parameters (DTV_ISDBT_SB_SEGMENT_IDX,
+                                DTV_ISDBT_SB_SEGMENT_COUNT).</para>
+                </section>
+
+                <section id="isdbt-delivery-sys">
+                        <title><constant>DTV_DELIVERY_SYSTEM</constant></title>
+
+                        <para>Possible values: <constant>SYS_ISDBT</constant></para>
+                </section>
+
+                <section id="isdbt-tx-mode">
+                        <title><constant>DTV_TRANSMISSION_MODE</constant></title>
+
+                        <para>ISDB-T supports three carrier/symbol-size: 8K, 4K, 2K. It is called
+                                'mode' in the standard: Mode 1 is 2K, mode 2 is 4K, mode 3 is 8K</para>
+
+                        <para>Possible values: <constant>TRANSMISSION_MODE_2K</constant>, <constant>TRANSMISSION_MODE_8K</constant>,
+                                <constant>TRANSMISSION_MODE_AUTO</constant>, <constant>TRANSMISSION_MODE_4K</constant></para>
+
+                        <para>If <constant>DTV_TRANSMISSION_MODE</constant> is set the <constant>TRANSMISSION_MODE_AUTO</constant> the
+                                hardware will try to find the correct FFT-size (if capable) and will
+                                use TMCC to fill in the missing parameters.</para>
+
+                        <para><constant>TRANSMISSION_MODE_4K</constant> is added at the same time as the other new parameters.</para>
+                </section>
+
+                <section id="isdbt-guard-interval">
+                        <title><constant>DTV_GUARD_INTERVAL</constant></title>
+
+                        <para>Possible values: <constant>GUARD_INTERVAL_1_32</constant>, <constant>GUARD_INTERVAL_1_16</constant>, <constant>GUARD_INTERVAL_1_8</constant>,
+                                <constant>GUARD_INTERVAL_1_4</constant>, <constant>GUARD_INTERVAL_AUTO</constant></para>
+
+                        <para>If <constant>DTV_GUARD_INTERVAL</constant> is set the <constant>GUARD_INTERVAL_AUTO</constant> the hardware will
+                                try to find the correct guard interval (if capable) and will use TMCC to fill
+                                in the missing parameters.</para>
+                </section>
+        </section>
+        <section id="isdbt-new-parms">
+                <title>ISDB-T only parameters</title>
+
+                <section id="isdbt-part-rec">
+                        <title><constant>DTV_ISDBT_PARTIAL_RECEPTION</constant></title>
+
+                        <para><constant>If DTV_ISDBT_SOUND_BROADCASTING</constant> is '0' this bit-field represents whether
+                                the channel is in partial reception mode or not.</para>
+
+                        <para>If '1' <constant>DTV_ISDBT_LAYERA_*</constant> values are assigned to the center segment and
+                                <constant>DTV_ISDBT_LAYERA_SEGMENT_COUNT</constant> has to be '1'.</para>
+
+                        <para>If in addition <constant>DTV_ISDBT_SOUND_BROADCASTING</constant> is '1'
+                                <constant>DTV_ISDBT_PARTIAL_RECEPTION</constant> represents whether this ISDB-Tsb channel
+                                is consisting of one segment and layer or three segments and two layers.</para>
+
+                        <para>Possible values: 0, 1, -1 (AUTO)</para>
+                </section>
+
+                <section id="isdbt-sound-bcast">
+                        <title><constant>DTV_ISDBT_SOUND_BROADCASTING</constant></title>
+
+                        <para>This field represents whether the other DTV_ISDBT_*-parameters are
+                                referring to an ISDB-T and an ISDB-Tsb channel. (See also
+                                <constant>DTV_ISDBT_PARTIAL_RECEPTION</constant>).</para>
+
+                        <para>Possible values: 0, 1, -1 (AUTO)</para>
+                </section>
+
+                <section id="isdbt-sb-ch-id">
+                        <title><constant>DTV_ISDBT_SB_SUBCHANNEL_ID</constant></title>
+
+                        <para>This field only applies if <constant>DTV_ISDBT_SOUND_BROADCASTING</constant> is '1'.</para>
+
+                        <para>(Note of the author: This might not be the correct description of the
+                                <constant>SUBCHANNEL-ID</constant> in all details, but it is my understanding of the technical
+                                background needed to program a device)</para>
+
+                        <para>An ISDB-Tsb channel (1 or 3 segments) can be broadcasted alone or in a
+                                set of connected ISDB-Tsb channels. In this set of channels every
+                                channel can be received independently. The number of connected
+                                ISDB-Tsb segment can vary, e.g. depending on the frequency spectrum
+                                bandwidth available.</para>
+
+                        <para>Example: Assume 8 ISDB-Tsb connected segments are broadcasted. The
+                                broadcaster has several possibilities to put those channels in the
+                                air: Assuming a normal 13-segment ISDB-T spectrum he can align the 8
+                                segments from position 1-8 to 5-13 or anything in between.</para>
+
+                        <para>The underlying layer of segments are subchannels: each segment is
+                                consisting of several subchannels with a predefined IDs. A sub-channel
+                                is used to help the demodulator to synchronize on the channel.</para>
+
+                        <para>An ISDB-T channel is always centered over all sub-channels. As for
+                                the example above, in ISDB-Tsb it is no longer as simple as that.</para>
+
+                        <para><constant>The DTV_ISDBT_SB_SUBCHANNEL_ID</constant> parameter is used to give the
+                                sub-channel ID of the segment to be demodulated.</para>
+
+                        <para>Possible values: 0 .. 41, -1 (AUTO)</para>
+                </section>
+
+                <section id="isdbt-sb-seg-idx">
+
+                        <title><constant>DTV_ISDBT_SB_SEGMENT_IDX</constant></title>
+
+                        <para>This field only applies if <constant>DTV_ISDBT_SOUND_BROADCASTING</constant> is '1'.</para>
+
+                        <para><constant>DTV_ISDBT_SB_SEGMENT_IDX</constant> gives the index of the segment to be
+                                demodulated for an ISDB-Tsb channel where several of them are
+                                transmitted in the connected manner.</para>
+
+                        <para>Possible values: 0 .. <constant>DTV_ISDBT_SB_SEGMENT_COUNT</constant> - 1</para>
+
+                        <para>Note: This value cannot be determined by an automatic channel search.</para>
+                </section>
+
+                <section id="isdbt-sb-seg-cnt">
+                        <title><constant>DTV_ISDBT_SB_SEGMENT_COUNT</constant></title>
+
+                        <para>This field only applies if <constant>DTV_ISDBT_SOUND_BROADCASTING</constant> is '1'.</para>
+
+                        <para><constant>DTV_ISDBT_SB_SEGMENT_COUNT</constant> gives the total count of connected ISDB-Tsb
+                                channels.</para>
+
+                        <para>Possible values: 1 .. 13</para>
+
+                        <para>Note: This value cannot be determined by an automatic channel search.</para>
+                </section>
+
+                <section id="isdb-hierq-layers">
+                        <title>Hierarchical layers</title>
+
+                        <para>ISDB-T channels can be coded hierarchically. As opposed to DVB-T in
+                                ISDB-T hierarchical layers can be decoded simultaneously. For that
+                                reason a ISDB-T demodulator has 3 viterbi and 3 reed-solomon-decoders.</para>
+
+                        <para>ISDB-T has 3 hierarchical layers which each can use a part of the
+                                available segments. The total number of segments over all layers has
+                                to 13 in ISDB-T.</para>
+
+                        <section id="isdbt-layer-ena">
+                                <title><constant>DTV_ISDBT_LAYER_ENABLED</constant></title>
+
+                                <para>Hierarchical reception in ISDB-T is achieved by enabling or disabling
+                                        layers in the decoding process. Setting all bits of
+                                        <constant>DTV_ISDBT_LAYER_ENABLED</constant> to '1' forces all layers (if applicable) to be
+                                        demodulated. This is the default.</para>
+
+                                <para>If the channel is in the partial reception mode
+                                        (<constant>DTV_ISDBT_PARTIAL_RECEPTION</constant> = 1) the central segment can be decoded
+                                        independently of the other 12 segments. In that mode layer A has to
+                                        have a <constant>SEGMENT_COUNT</constant> of 1.</para>
+
+                                <para>In ISDB-Tsb only layer A is used, it can be 1 or 3 in ISDB-Tsb
+                                        according to <constant>DTV_ISDBT_PARTIAL_RECEPTION</constant>. <constant>SEGMENT_COUNT</constant> must be filled
+                                        accordingly.</para>
+
+                                <para>Possible values: 0x1, 0x2, 0x4 (|-able)</para>
+
+                                <para><constant>DTV_ISDBT_LAYER_ENABLED[0:0]</constant> - layer A</para>
+                                <para><constant>DTV_ISDBT_LAYER_ENABLED[1:1]</constant> - layer B</para>
+                                <para><constant>DTV_ISDBT_LAYER_ENABLED[2:2]</constant> - layer C</para>
+                                <para><constant>DTV_ISDBT_LAYER_ENABLED[31:3]</constant> unused</para>
+                        </section>
+
+                        <section id="isdbt-layer-fec">
+                                <title><constant>DTV_ISDBT_LAYER*_FEC</constant></title>
+
+                                <para>Possible values: <constant>FEC_AUTO</constant>, <constant>FEC_1_2</constant>, <constant>FEC_2_3</constant>, <constant>FEC_3_4</constant>, <constant>FEC_5_6</constant>, <constant>FEC_7_8</constant></para>
+                        </section>
+
+                        <section id="isdbt-layer-mod">
+                                <title><constant>DTV_ISDBT_LAYER*_MODULATION</constant></title>
+
+                                <para>Possible values: <constant>QAM_AUTO</constant>, QP<constant>SK, QAM_16</constant>, <constant>QAM_64</constant>, <constant>DQPSK</constant></para>
+
+                                <para>Note: If layer C is <constant>DQPSK</constant> layer B has to be <constant>DQPSK</constant>. If layer B is <constant>DQPSK</constant>
+                                        and <constant>DTV_ISDBT_PARTIAL_RECEPTION</constant>=0 layer has to be <constant>DQPSK</constant>.</para>
+                        </section>
+
+                        <section id="isdbt-layer-seg-cnt">
+                                <title><constant>DTV_ISDBT_LAYER*_SEGMENT_COUNT</constant></title>
+
+                                <para>Possible values: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, -1 (AUTO)</para>
+
+                                <para>Note: Truth table for <constant>DTV_ISDBT_SOUND_BROADCASTING</constant> and
+                                        <constant>DTV_ISDBT_PARTIAL_RECEPTION</constant> and <constant>LAYER</constant>*_SEGMENT_COUNT</para>
+
+                                <informaltable id="isdbt-layer_seg-cnt-table">
+                                        <tgroup cols="6">
+
+                                                <tbody>
+                                                        <row>
+                                                                <entry>PR</entry>
+                                                                <entry>SB</entry>
+                                                                <entry>Layer A width</entry>
+                                                                <entry>Layer B width</entry>
+                                                                <entry>Layer C width</entry>
+                                                                <entry>total width</entry>
+                                                        </row>
+
+                                                        <row>
+                                                                <entry>0</entry>
+                                                                <entry>0</entry>
+                                                                <entry>1 .. 13</entry>
+                                                                <entry>1 .. 13</entry>
+                                                                <entry>1 .. 13</entry>
+                                                                <entry>13</entry>
+                                                        </row>
+
+                                                        <row>
+                                                                <entry>1</entry>
+                                                                <entry>0</entry>
+                                                                <entry>1</entry>
+                                                                <entry>1 .. 13</entry>
+                                                                <entry>1 .. 13</entry>
+                                                                <entry>13</entry>
+                                                        </row>
+
+                                                        <row>
+                                                                <entry>0</entry>
+                                                                <entry>1</entry>
+                                                                <entry>1</entry>
+                                                                <entry>0</entry>
+                                                                <entry>0</entry>
+                                                                <entry>1</entry>
+                                                        </row>
+
+                                                        <row>
+                                                                <entry>1</entry>
+                                                                <entry>1</entry>
+                                                                <entry>1</entry>
+                                                                <entry>2</entry>
+                                                                <entry>0</entry>
+                                                                <entry>13</entry>
+                                                        </row>
+                                                </tbody>
+
+                                        </tgroup>
+                                </informaltable>
+
+                        </section>
+
+                        <section id="isdbt_layer_t_interl">
+                                <title><constant>DTV_ISDBT_LAYER*_TIME_INTERLEAVING</constant></title>
+
+                                <para>Possible values: 0, 1, 2, 3, -1 (AUTO)</para>
+
+                                <para>Note: The real inter-leaver depth-names depend on the mode (fft-size); the values
+                                        here are referring to what can be found in the TMCC-structure -
+                                        independent of the mode.</para>
+                        </section>
+                </section>
+        </section>
+</section>
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/kdapi.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/kdapi.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..6c67481eaa4b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/kdapi.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,2309 @@
+<title>Kernel Demux API</title>
+<para>The kernel demux API defines a driver-internal interface for registering low-level,
+hardware specific driver to a hardware independent demux layer. It is only of interest for
+DVB device driver writers. The header file for this API is named <emphasis role="tt">demux.h</emphasis> and located in
+<emphasis role="tt">drivers/media/dvb/dvb-core</emphasis>.
+</para>
+<para>Maintainer note: This section must be reviewed. It is probably out of date.
+</para>
+
+<section id="kernel_demux_data_types">
+<title>Kernel Demux Data Types</title>
+
+
+<section id="dmx_success_t">
+<title>dmx_success_t</title>
+ <programlisting>
+ typedef enum {
+   DMX_OK = 0, /&#x22C6; Received Ok &#x22C6;/
+   DMX_LENGTH_ERROR, /&#x22C6; Incorrect length &#x22C6;/
+   DMX_OVERRUN_ERROR, /&#x22C6; Receiver ring buffer overrun &#x22C6;/
+   DMX_CRC_ERROR, /&#x22C6; Incorrect CRC &#x22C6;/
+   DMX_FRAME_ERROR, /&#x22C6; Frame alignment error &#x22C6;/
+   DMX_FIFO_ERROR, /&#x22C6; Receiver FIFO overrun &#x22C6;/
+   DMX_MISSED_ERROR /&#x22C6; Receiver missed packet &#x22C6;/
+ } dmx_success_t;
+</programlisting>
+
+</section>
+<section id="ts_filter_types">
+<title>TS filter types</title>
+ <programlisting>
+ /&#x22C6;--------------------------------------------------------------------------&#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6; TS packet reception &#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6;--------------------------------------------------------------------------&#x22C6;/
+
+ /&#x22C6; TS filter type for set_type() &#x22C6;/
+
+ #define TS_PACKET       1   /&#x22C6; send TS packets (188 bytes) to callback (default) &#x22C6;/
+ #define TS_PAYLOAD_ONLY 2   /&#x22C6; in case TS_PACKET is set, only send the TS
+                                payload (&#x003C;=184 bytes per packet) to callback &#x22C6;/
+ #define TS_DECODER      4   /&#x22C6; send stream to built-in decoder (if present) &#x22C6;/
+</programlisting>
+
+</section>
+<section id="dmx_ts_pes_t">
+<title>dmx_ts_pes_t</title>
+<para>The structure
+</para>
+<programlisting>
+ typedef enum
+ {
+         DMX_TS_PES_AUDIO,   /&#x22C6; also send packets to audio decoder (if it exists) &#x22C6;/
+         DMX_TS_PES_VIDEO,   /&#x22C6; ... &#x22C6;/
+         DMX_TS_PES_TELETEXT,
+         DMX_TS_PES_SUBTITLE,
+         DMX_TS_PES_PCR,
+         DMX_TS_PES_OTHER,
+ } dmx_ts_pes_t;
+</programlisting>
+<para>describes the PES type for filters which write to a built-in decoder. The correspond (and
+should be kept identical) to the types in the demux device.
+</para>
+<programlisting>
+ struct dmx_ts_feed_s {
+         int is_filtering; /&#x22C6; Set to non-zero when filtering in progress &#x22C6;/
+         struct dmx_demux_s&#x22C6; parent; /&#x22C6; Back-pointer &#x22C6;/
+         void&#x22C6; priv; /&#x22C6; Pointer to private data of the API client &#x22C6;/
+         int (&#x22C6;set) (struct dmx_ts_feed_s&#x22C6; feed,
+                     __u16 pid,
+                     size_t callback_length,
+                     size_t circular_buffer_size,
+                     int descramble,
+                     struct timespec timeout);
+         int (&#x22C6;start_filtering) (struct dmx_ts_feed_s&#x22C6; feed);
+         int (&#x22C6;stop_filtering) (struct dmx_ts_feed_s&#x22C6; feed);
+         int (&#x22C6;set_type) (struct dmx_ts_feed_s&#x22C6; feed,
+                          int type,
+                          dmx_ts_pes_t pes_type);
+ };
+
+ typedef struct dmx_ts_feed_s dmx_ts_feed_t;
+</programlisting>
+ <programlisting>
+ /&#x22C6;--------------------------------------------------------------------------&#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6; PES packet reception (not supported yet) &#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6;--------------------------------------------------------------------------&#x22C6;/
+
+ typedef struct dmx_pes_filter_s {
+         struct dmx_pes_s&#x22C6; parent; /&#x22C6; Back-pointer &#x22C6;/
+         void&#x22C6; priv; /&#x22C6; Pointer to private data of the API client &#x22C6;/
+ } dmx_pes_filter_t;
+</programlisting>
+ <programlisting>
+ typedef struct dmx_pes_feed_s {
+         int is_filtering; /&#x22C6; Set to non-zero when filtering in progress &#x22C6;/
+         struct dmx_demux_s&#x22C6; parent; /&#x22C6; Back-pointer &#x22C6;/
+         void&#x22C6; priv; /&#x22C6; Pointer to private data of the API client &#x22C6;/
+         int (&#x22C6;set) (struct dmx_pes_feed_s&#x22C6; feed,
+                     __u16 pid,
+                     size_t circular_buffer_size,
+                     int descramble,
+                     struct timespec timeout);
+         int (&#x22C6;start_filtering) (struct dmx_pes_feed_s&#x22C6; feed);
+         int (&#x22C6;stop_filtering) (struct dmx_pes_feed_s&#x22C6; feed);
+         int (&#x22C6;allocate_filter) (struct dmx_pes_feed_s&#x22C6; feed,
+                                 dmx_pes_filter_t&#x22C6;&#x22C6; filter);
+         int (&#x22C6;release_filter) (struct dmx_pes_feed_s&#x22C6; feed,
+                                dmx_pes_filter_t&#x22C6; filter);
+ } dmx_pes_feed_t;
+</programlisting>
+ <programlisting>
+ typedef struct {
+         __u8 filter_value [DMX_MAX_FILTER_SIZE];
+         __u8 filter_mask [DMX_MAX_FILTER_SIZE];
+         struct dmx_section_feed_s&#x22C6; parent; /&#x22C6; Back-pointer &#x22C6;/
+         void&#x22C6; priv; /&#x22C6; Pointer to private data of the API client &#x22C6;/
+ } dmx_section_filter_t;
+</programlisting>
+ <programlisting>
+ struct dmx_section_feed_s {
+         int is_filtering; /&#x22C6; Set to non-zero when filtering in progress &#x22C6;/
+         struct dmx_demux_s&#x22C6; parent; /&#x22C6; Back-pointer &#x22C6;/
+         void&#x22C6; priv; /&#x22C6; Pointer to private data of the API client &#x22C6;/
+         int (&#x22C6;set) (struct dmx_section_feed_s&#x22C6; feed,
+                     __u16 pid,
+                     size_t circular_buffer_size,
+                     int descramble,
+                     int check_crc);
+         int (&#x22C6;allocate_filter) (struct dmx_section_feed_s&#x22C6; feed,
+                                 dmx_section_filter_t&#x22C6;&#x22C6; filter);
+         int (&#x22C6;release_filter) (struct dmx_section_feed_s&#x22C6; feed,
+                                dmx_section_filter_t&#x22C6; filter);
+         int (&#x22C6;start_filtering) (struct dmx_section_feed_s&#x22C6; feed);
+         int (&#x22C6;stop_filtering) (struct dmx_section_feed_s&#x22C6; feed);
+ };
+ typedef struct dmx_section_feed_s dmx_section_feed_t;
+
+ /&#x22C6;--------------------------------------------------------------------------&#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6; Callback functions &#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6;--------------------------------------------------------------------------&#x22C6;/
+
+ typedef int (&#x22C6;dmx_ts_cb) ( __u8 &#x22C6; buffer1,
+                            size_t buffer1_length,
+                            __u8 &#x22C6; buffer2,
+                            size_t buffer2_length,
+                            dmx_ts_feed_t&#x22C6; source,
+                            dmx_success_t success);
+
+ typedef int (&#x22C6;dmx_section_cb) ( __u8 &#x22C6; buffer1,
+                                 size_t buffer1_len,
+                                 __u8 &#x22C6; buffer2,
+                                 size_t buffer2_len,
+                                 dmx_section_filter_t &#x22C6; source,
+                                 dmx_success_t success);
+
+ typedef int (&#x22C6;dmx_pes_cb) ( __u8 &#x22C6; buffer1,
+                             size_t buffer1_len,
+                             __u8 &#x22C6; buffer2,
+                             size_t buffer2_len,
+                             dmx_pes_filter_t&#x22C6; source,
+                             dmx_success_t success);
+
+ /&#x22C6;--------------------------------------------------------------------------&#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6; DVB Front-End &#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6;--------------------------------------------------------------------------&#x22C6;/
+
+ typedef enum {
+         DMX_OTHER_FE = 0,
+         DMX_SATELLITE_FE,
+         DMX_CABLE_FE,
+         DMX_TERRESTRIAL_FE,
+         DMX_LVDS_FE,
+         DMX_ASI_FE, /&#x22C6; DVB-ASI interface &#x22C6;/
+         DMX_MEMORY_FE
+ } dmx_frontend_source_t;
+
+ typedef struct {
+         /&#x22C6; The following char&#x22C6; fields point to NULL terminated strings &#x22C6;/
+         char&#x22C6; id;                    /&#x22C6; Unique front-end identifier &#x22C6;/
+         char&#x22C6; vendor;                /&#x22C6; Name of the front-end vendor &#x22C6;/
+         char&#x22C6; model;                 /&#x22C6; Name of the front-end model &#x22C6;/
+         struct list_head connectivity_list; /&#x22C6; List of front-ends that can
+                                                be connected to a particular
+                                                demux &#x22C6;/
+         void&#x22C6; priv;     /&#x22C6; Pointer to private data of the API client &#x22C6;/
+         dmx_frontend_source_t source;
+ } dmx_frontend_t;
+
+ /&#x22C6;--------------------------------------------------------------------------&#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6; MPEG-2 TS Demux &#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6;--------------------------------------------------------------------------&#x22C6;/
+
+ /&#x22C6;
+  &#x22C6; Flags OR'ed in the capabilites field of struct dmx_demux_s.
+  &#x22C6;/
+
+ #define DMX_TS_FILTERING                        1
+ #define DMX_PES_FILTERING                       2
+ #define DMX_SECTION_FILTERING                   4
+ #define DMX_MEMORY_BASED_FILTERING              8    /&#x22C6; write() available &#x22C6;/
+ #define DMX_CRC_CHECKING                        16
+ #define DMX_TS_DESCRAMBLING                     32
+ #define DMX_SECTION_PAYLOAD_DESCRAMBLING        64
+ #define DMX_MAC_ADDRESS_DESCRAMBLING            128
+</programlisting>
+
+</section>
+<section id="demux_demux_t">
+<title>demux_demux_t</title>
+ <programlisting>
+ /&#x22C6;
+  &#x22C6; DMX_FE_ENTRY(): Casts elements in the list of registered
+  &#x22C6; front-ends from the generic type struct list_head
+  &#x22C6; to the type &#x22C6; dmx_frontend_t
+  &#x22C6;.
+ &#x22C6;/
+
+ #define DMX_FE_ENTRY(list) list_entry(list, dmx_frontend_t, connectivity_list)
+
+ struct dmx_demux_s {
+         /&#x22C6; The following char&#x22C6; fields point to NULL terminated strings &#x22C6;/
+         char&#x22C6; id;                    /&#x22C6; Unique demux identifier &#x22C6;/
+         char&#x22C6; vendor;                /&#x22C6; Name of the demux vendor &#x22C6;/
+         char&#x22C6; model;                 /&#x22C6; Name of the demux model &#x22C6;/
+         __u32 capabilities;          /&#x22C6; Bitfield of capability flags &#x22C6;/
+         dmx_frontend_t&#x22C6; frontend;    /&#x22C6; Front-end connected to the demux &#x22C6;/
+         struct list_head reg_list;   /&#x22C6; List of registered demuxes &#x22C6;/
+         void&#x22C6; priv;                  /&#x22C6; Pointer to private data of the API client &#x22C6;/
+         int users;                   /&#x22C6; Number of users &#x22C6;/
+         int (&#x22C6;open) (struct dmx_demux_s&#x22C6; demux);
+         int (&#x22C6;close) (struct dmx_demux_s&#x22C6; demux);
+         int (&#x22C6;write) (struct dmx_demux_s&#x22C6; demux, const char&#x22C6; buf, size_t count);
+         int (&#x22C6;allocate_ts_feed) (struct dmx_demux_s&#x22C6; demux,
+                                  dmx_ts_feed_t&#x22C6;&#x22C6; feed,
+                                  dmx_ts_cb callback);
+         int (&#x22C6;release_ts_feed) (struct dmx_demux_s&#x22C6; demux,
+                                 dmx_ts_feed_t&#x22C6; feed);
+         int (&#x22C6;allocate_pes_feed) (struct dmx_demux_s&#x22C6; demux,
+                                   dmx_pes_feed_t&#x22C6;&#x22C6; feed,
+                                   dmx_pes_cb callback);
+         int (&#x22C6;release_pes_feed) (struct dmx_demux_s&#x22C6; demux,
+                                  dmx_pes_feed_t&#x22C6; feed);
+         int (&#x22C6;allocate_section_feed) (struct dmx_demux_s&#x22C6; demux,
+                                       dmx_section_feed_t&#x22C6;&#x22C6; feed,
+                                       dmx_section_cb callback);
+         int (&#x22C6;release_section_feed) (struct dmx_demux_s&#x22C6; demux,
+                                      dmx_section_feed_t&#x22C6; feed);
+         int (&#x22C6;descramble_mac_address) (struct dmx_demux_s&#x22C6; demux,
+                                        __u8&#x22C6; buffer1,
+                                        size_t buffer1_length,
+                                        __u8&#x22C6; buffer2,
+                                        size_t buffer2_length,
+                                        __u16 pid);
+         int (&#x22C6;descramble_section_payload) (struct dmx_demux_s&#x22C6; demux,
+                                            __u8&#x22C6; buffer1,
+                                            size_t buffer1_length,
+                                            __u8&#x22C6; buffer2, size_t buffer2_length,
+                                            __u16 pid);
+         int (&#x22C6;add_frontend) (struct dmx_demux_s&#x22C6; demux,
+                              dmx_frontend_t&#x22C6; frontend);
+         int (&#x22C6;remove_frontend) (struct dmx_demux_s&#x22C6; demux,
+                                 dmx_frontend_t&#x22C6; frontend);
+         struct list_head&#x22C6; (&#x22C6;get_frontends) (struct dmx_demux_s&#x22C6; demux);
+         int (&#x22C6;connect_frontend) (struct dmx_demux_s&#x22C6; demux,
+                                  dmx_frontend_t&#x22C6; frontend);
+         int (&#x22C6;disconnect_frontend) (struct dmx_demux_s&#x22C6; demux);
+
+
+         /&#x22C6; added because js cannot keep track of these himself &#x22C6;/
+         int (&#x22C6;get_pes_pids) (struct dmx_demux_s&#x22C6; demux, __u16 &#x22C6;pids);
+ };
+ typedef struct dmx_demux_s dmx_demux_t;
+</programlisting>
+
+</section>
+<section id="demux_directory">
+<title>Demux directory</title>
+ <programlisting>
+ /&#x22C6;
+  &#x22C6; DMX_DIR_ENTRY(): Casts elements in the list of registered
+  &#x22C6; demuxes from the generic type struct list_head&#x22C6; to the type dmx_demux_t
+  &#x22C6;.
+  &#x22C6;/
+
+ #define DMX_DIR_ENTRY(list) list_entry(list, dmx_demux_t, reg_list)
+
+ int dmx_register_demux (dmx_demux_t&#x22C6; demux);
+ int dmx_unregister_demux (dmx_demux_t&#x22C6; demux);
+ struct list_head&#x22C6; dmx_get_demuxes (void);
+</programlisting>
+ </section></section>
+<section id="demux_directory_api">
+<title>Demux Directory API</title>
+<para>The demux directory is a Linux kernel-wide facility for registering and accessing the
+MPEG-2 TS demuxes in the system. Run-time registering and unregistering of demux drivers
+is possible using this API.
+</para>
+<para>All demux drivers in the directory implement the abstract interface dmx_demux_t.
+</para>
+
+<section
+role="subsection"><title>dmx_register_demux()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This function makes a demux driver interface available to the Linux kernel. It is
+ usually called by the init_module() function of the kernel module that contains
+ the demux driver. The caller of this function is responsible for allocating
+ dynamic or static memory for the demux structure and for initializing its fields
+ before calling this function. The memory allocated for the demux structure
+ must not be freed before calling dmx_unregister_demux(),</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int dmx_register_demux ( dmx_demux_t &#x22C6;demux )</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>dmx_demux_t*
+ demux</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the demux structure.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>RETURNS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>0</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The function was completed without errors.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-EEXIST</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>A demux with the same value of the id field already stored
+ in the directory.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-ENOSPC</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>No space left in the directory.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>dmx_unregister_demux()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This function is called to indicate that the given demux interface is no
+ longer available. The caller of this function is responsible for freeing the
+ memory of the demux structure, if it was dynamically allocated before calling
+ dmx_register_demux(). The cleanup_module() function of the kernel module
+ that contains the demux driver should call this function. Note that this function
+ fails if the demux is currently in use, i.e., release_demux() has not been called
+ for the interface.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int dmx_unregister_demux ( dmx_demux_t &#x22C6;demux )</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>dmx_demux_t*
+ demux</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the demux structure which is to be
+ unregistered.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>RETURNS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>0</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The function was completed without errors.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>ENODEV</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The specified demux is not registered in the demux
+ directory.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBUSY</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The specified demux is currently in use.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>dmx_get_demuxes()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Provides the caller with the list of registered demux interfaces, using the
+ standard list structure defined in the include file linux/list.h. The include file
+ demux.h defines the macro DMX_DIR_ENTRY() for converting an element of
+ the generic type struct list_head* to the type dmx_demux_t*. The caller must
+ not free the memory of any of the elements obtained via this function call.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>struct list_head &#x22C6;dmx_get_demuxes ()</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>none</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>RETURNS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>struct list_head *</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>A list of demux interfaces, or NULL in the case of an
+ empty list.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+ </section></section>
+<section id="demux_api">
+<title>Demux API</title>
+<para>The demux API should be implemented for each demux in the system. It is used to select
+the TS source of a demux and to manage the demux resources. When the demux
+client allocates a resource via the demux API, it receives a pointer to the API of that
+resource.
+</para>
+<para>Each demux receives its TS input from a DVB front-end or from memory, as set via the
+demux API. In a system with more than one front-end, the API can be used to select one of
+the DVB front-ends as a TS source for a demux, unless this is fixed in the HW platform. The
+demux API only controls front-ends regarding their connections with demuxes; the APIs
+used to set the other front-end parameters, such as tuning, are not defined in this
+document.
+</para>
+<para>The functions that implement the abstract interface demux should be defined static or
+module private and registered to the Demux Directory for external access. It is not necessary
+to implement every function in the demux_t struct, however (for example, a demux interface
+might support Section filtering, but not TS or PES filtering). The API client is expected to
+check the value of any function pointer before calling the function: the value of NULL means
+&#8220;function not available&#8221;.
+</para>
+<para>Whenever the functions of the demux API modify shared data, the possibilities of lost
+update and race condition problems should be addressed, e.g. by protecting parts of code with
+mutexes. This is especially important on multi-processor hosts.
+</para>
+<para>Note that functions called from a bottom half context must not sleep, at least in the 2.2.x
+kernels. Even a simple memory allocation can result in a kernel thread being put to sleep if
+swapping is needed. For example, the Linux kernel calls the functions of a network device
+interface from a bottom half context. Thus, if a demux API function is called from network
+device code, the function must not sleep.
+</para>
+
+
+<section id="kdapi_fopen">
+<title>open()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This function reserves the demux for use by the caller and, if necessary,
+ initializes the demux. When the demux is no longer needed, the function close()
+ should be called. It should be possible for multiple clients to access the demux
+ at the same time. Thus, the function implementation should increment the
+ demux usage count when open() is called and decrement it when close() is
+ called.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int open ( demux_t&#x22C6; demux );</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>demux_t* demux</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the demux API and instance data.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>RETURNS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>0</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The function was completed without errors.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-EUSERS</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Maximum usage count reached.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Bad parameter.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section>
+<section id="kdapi_fclose">
+<title>close()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This function reserves the demux for use by the caller and, if necessary,
+ initializes the demux. When the demux is no longer needed, the function close()
+ should be called. It should be possible for multiple clients to access the demux
+ at the same time. Thus, the function implementation should increment the
+ demux usage count when open() is called and decrement it when close() is
+ called.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int close(demux_t&#x22C6; demux);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>demux_t* demux</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the demux API and instance data.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>RETURNS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>0</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The function was completed without errors.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-ENODEV</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The demux was not in use.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Bad parameter.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section>
+<section id="kdapi_fwrite">
+<title>write()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This function provides the demux driver with a memory buffer containing TS
+ packets. Instead of receiving TS packets from the DVB front-end, the demux
+ driver software will read packets from memory. Any clients of this demux
+ with active TS, PES or Section filters will receive filtered data via the Demux
+ callback API (see 0). The function returns when all the data in the buffer has
+ been consumed by the demux. Demux hardware typically cannot read TS from
+ memory. If this is the case, memory-based filtering has to be implemented
+ entirely in software.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int write(demux_t&#x22C6; demux, const char&#x22C6; buf, size_t
+ count);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>demux_t* demux</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the demux API and instance data.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>const char* buf</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the TS data in kernel-space memory.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>size_t length</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Length of the TS data.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>RETURNS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>0</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The function was completed without errors.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-ENOSYS</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The command is not implemented.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Bad parameter.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>allocate_ts_feed()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Allocates a new TS feed, which is used to filter the TS packets carrying a
+ certain PID. The TS feed normally corresponds to a hardware PID filter on the
+ demux chip.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int allocate_ts_feed(dmx_demux_t&#x22C6; demux,
+ dmx_ts_feed_t&#x22C6;&#x22C6; feed, dmx_ts_cb callback);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>demux_t* demux</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the demux API and instance data.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>dmx_ts_feed_t**
+ feed</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the TS feed API and instance data.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>dmx_ts_cb callback</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the callback function for passing received TS
+ packet</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>RETURNS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>0</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The function was completed without errors.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-EBUSY</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>No more TS feeds available.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-ENOSYS</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The command is not implemented.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Bad parameter.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>release_ts_feed()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Releases the resources allocated with allocate_ts_feed(). Any filtering in
+ progress on the TS feed should be stopped before calling this function.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int release_ts_feed(dmx_demux_t&#x22C6; demux,
+ dmx_ts_feed_t&#x22C6; feed);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>demux_t* demux</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the demux API and instance data.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>dmx_ts_feed_t* feed</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the TS feed API and instance data.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>RETURNS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>0</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The function was completed without errors.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Bad parameter.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>allocate_section_feed()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Allocates a new section feed, i.e. a demux resource for filtering and receiving
+ sections. On platforms with hardware support for section filtering, a section
+ feed is directly mapped to the demux HW. On other platforms, TS packets are
+ first PID filtered in hardware and a hardware section filter then emulated in
+ software. The caller obtains an API pointer of type dmx_section_feed_t as an
+ out parameter. Using this API the caller can set filtering parameters and start
+ receiving sections.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int allocate_section_feed(dmx_demux_t&#x22C6; demux,
+ dmx_section_feed_t &#x22C6;&#x22C6;feed, dmx_section_cb callback);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>demux_t *demux</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the demux API and instance data.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>dmx_section_feed_t
+ **feed</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the section feed API and instance data.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>dmx_section_cb
+ callback</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the callback function for passing received
+ sections.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>RETURNS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>0</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The function was completed without errors.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-EBUSY</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>No more section feeds available.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-ENOSYS</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The command is not implemented.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Bad parameter.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>release_section_feed()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Releases the resources allocated with allocate_section_feed(), including
+ allocated filters. Any filtering in progress on the section feed should be stopped
+ before calling this function.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int release_section_feed(dmx_demux_t&#x22C6; demux,
+ dmx_section_feed_t &#x22C6;feed);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>demux_t *demux</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the demux API and instance data.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>dmx_section_feed_t
+ *feed</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the section feed API and instance data.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>RETURNS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>0</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The function was completed without errors.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Bad parameter.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>descramble_mac_address()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This function runs a descrambling algorithm on the destination MAC
+ address field of a DVB Datagram Section, replacing the original address
+ with its un-encrypted version. Otherwise, the description on the function
+ descramble_section_payload() applies also to this function.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int descramble_mac_address(dmx_demux_t&#x22C6; demux, __u8
+ &#x22C6;buffer1, size_t buffer1_length, __u8 &#x22C6;buffer2,
+ size_t buffer2_length, __u16 pid);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>dmx_demux_t
+ *demux</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the demux API and instance data.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>__u8 *buffer1</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the first byte of the section.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>size_t buffer1_length</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Length of the section data, including headers and CRC,
+ in buffer1.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>__u8* buffer2</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the tail of the section data, or NULL. The
+ pointer has a non-NULL value if the section wraps past
+ the end of a circular buffer.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>size_t buffer2_length</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Length of the section data, including headers and CRC,
+ in buffer2.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>__u16 pid</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The PID on which the section was received. Useful
+ for obtaining the descrambling key, e.g. from a DVB
+ Common Access facility.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>RETURNS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>0</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The function was completed without errors.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-ENOSYS</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>No descrambling facility available.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Bad parameter.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>descramble_section_payload()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This function runs a descrambling algorithm on the payload of a DVB
+ Datagram Section, replacing the original payload with its un-encrypted
+ version. The function will be called from the demux API implementation;
+ the API client need not call this function directly. Section-level scrambling
+ algorithms are currently standardized only for DVB-RCC (return channel
+ over 2-directional cable TV network) systems. For all other DVB networks,
+ encryption schemes are likely to be proprietary to each data broadcaster. Thus,
+ it is expected that this function pointer will have the value of NULL (i.e.,
+ function not available) in most demux API implementations. Nevertheless, it
+ should be possible to use the function pointer as a hook for dynamically adding
+ a &#8220;plug-in&#8221; descrambling facility to a demux driver.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>While this function is not needed with hardware-based section descrambling,
+ the descramble_section_payload function pointer can be used to override the
+ default hardware-based descrambling algorithm: if the function pointer has a
+ non-NULL value, the corresponding function should be used instead of any
+ descrambling hardware.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int descramble_section_payload(dmx_demux_t&#x22C6; demux,
+ __u8 &#x22C6;buffer1, size_t buffer1_length, __u8 &#x22C6;buffer2,
+ size_t buffer2_length, __u16 pid);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>dmx_demux_t
+ *demux</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the demux API and instance data.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>__u8 *buffer1</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the first byte of the section.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>size_t buffer1_length</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Length of the section data, including headers and CRC,
+ in buffer1.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>__u8 *buffer2</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the tail of the section data, or NULL. The
+ pointer has a non-NULL value if the section wraps past
+ the end of a circular buffer.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>size_t buffer2_length</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Length of the section data, including headers and CRC,
+ in buffer2.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>__u16 pid</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The PID on which the section was received. Useful
+ for obtaining the descrambling key, e.g. from a DVB
+ Common Access facility.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>RETURNS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>0</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The function was completed without errors.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-ENOSYS</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>No descrambling facility available.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Bad parameter.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>add_frontend()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Registers a connectivity between a demux and a front-end, i.e., indicates that
+ the demux can be connected via a call to connect_frontend() to use the given
+ front-end as a TS source. The client of this function has to allocate dynamic or
+ static memory for the frontend structure and initialize its fields before calling
+ this function. This function is normally called during the driver initialization.
+ The caller must not free the memory of the frontend struct before successfully
+ calling remove_frontend().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int add_frontend(dmx_demux_t &#x22C6;demux, dmx_frontend_t
+ &#x22C6;frontend);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>dmx_demux_t*
+ demux</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the demux API and instance data.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>dmx_frontend_t*
+ frontend</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the front-end instance data.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>RETURNS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>0</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The function was completed without errors.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-EEXIST</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>A front-end with the same value of the id field already
+ registered.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-EINUSE</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The demux is in use.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-ENOMEM</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>No more front-ends can be added.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Bad parameter.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>remove_frontend()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Indicates that the given front-end, registered by a call to add_frontend(), can
+ no longer be connected as a TS source by this demux. The function should be
+ called when a front-end driver or a demux driver is removed from the system.
+ If the front-end is in use, the function fails with the return value of -EBUSY.
+ After successfully calling this function, the caller can free the memory of
+ the frontend struct if it was dynamically allocated before the add_frontend()
+ operation.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int remove_frontend(dmx_demux_t&#x22C6; demux,
+ dmx_frontend_t&#x22C6; frontend);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>dmx_demux_t*
+ demux</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the demux API and instance data.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>dmx_frontend_t*
+ frontend</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the front-end instance data.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>RETURNS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>0</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The function was completed without errors.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Bad parameter.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-EBUSY</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The front-end is in use, i.e. a call to connect_frontend()
+ has not been followed by a call to disconnect_frontend().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>get_frontends()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Provides the APIs of the front-ends that have been registered for this demux.
+ Any of the front-ends obtained with this call can be used as a parameter for
+ connect_frontend().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The include file demux.h contains the macro DMX_FE_ENTRY() for
+ converting an element of the generic type struct list_head* to the type
+ dmx_frontend_t*. The caller must not free the memory of any of the elements
+ obtained via this function call.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>struct list_head&#x22C6; get_frontends(dmx_demux_t&#x22C6; demux);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>dmx_demux_t*
+ demux</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the demux API and instance data.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>RETURNS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>dmx_demux_t*</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>A list of front-end interfaces, or NULL in the case of an
+ empty list.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>connect_frontend()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Connects the TS output of the front-end to the input of the demux. A demux
+ can only be connected to a front-end registered to the demux with the function
+ add_frontend().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>It may or may not be possible to connect multiple demuxes to the same
+ front-end, depending on the capabilities of the HW platform. When not used,
+ the front-end should be released by calling disconnect_frontend().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int connect_frontend(dmx_demux_t&#x22C6; demux,
+ dmx_frontend_t&#x22C6; frontend);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>dmx_demux_t*
+ demux</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the demux API and instance data.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>dmx_frontend_t*
+ frontend</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the front-end instance data.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>RETURNS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>0</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The function was completed without errors.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Bad parameter.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-EBUSY</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The front-end is in use.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>disconnect_frontend()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Disconnects the demux and a front-end previously connected by a
+ connect_frontend() call.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int disconnect_frontend(dmx_demux_t&#x22C6; demux);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>dmx_demux_t*
+ demux</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the demux API and instance data.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>RETURNS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>0</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The function was completed without errors.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Bad parameter.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+ </section></section>
+<section id="demux_callback_api">
+<title>Demux Callback API</title>
+<para>This kernel-space API comprises the callback functions that deliver filtered data to the
+demux client. Unlike the other APIs, these API functions are provided by the client and called
+from the demux code.
+</para>
+<para>The function pointers of this abstract interface are not packed into a structure as in the
+other demux APIs, because the callback functions are registered and used independent
+of each other. As an example, it is possible for the API client to provide several
+callback functions for receiving TS packets and no callbacks for PES packets or
+sections.
+</para>
+<para>The functions that implement the callback API need not be re-entrant: when a demux
+driver calls one of these functions, the driver is not allowed to call the function again before
+the original call returns. If a callback is triggered by a hardware interrupt, it is recommended
+to use the Linux &#8220;bottom half&#8221; mechanism or start a tasklet instead of making the callback
+function call directly from a hardware interrupt.
+</para>
+
+<section
+role="subsection"><title>dmx_ts_cb()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This function, provided by the client of the demux API, is called from the
+ demux code. The function is only called when filtering on this TS feed has
+ been enabled using the start_filtering() function.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Any TS packets that match the filter settings are copied to a circular buffer. The
+ filtered TS packets are delivered to the client using this callback function. The
+ size of the circular buffer is controlled by the circular_buffer_size parameter
+ of the set() function in the TS Feed API. It is expected that the buffer1 and
+ buffer2 callback parameters point to addresses within the circular buffer, but
+ other implementations are also possible. Note that the called party should not
+ try to free the memory the buffer1 and buffer2 parameters point to.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>When this function is called, the buffer1 parameter typically points to the
+ start of the first undelivered TS packet within a circular buffer. The buffer2
+ buffer parameter is normally NULL, except when the received TS packets have
+ crossed the last address of the circular buffer and &#8221;wrapped&#8221; to the beginning
+ of the buffer. In the latter case the buffer1 parameter would contain an address
+ within the circular buffer, while the buffer2 parameter would contain the first
+ address of the circular buffer.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The number of bytes delivered with this function (i.e. buffer1_length +
+ buffer2_length) is usually equal to the value of callback_length parameter
+ given in the set() function, with one exception: if a timeout occurs before
+ receiving callback_length bytes of TS data, any undelivered packets are
+ immediately delivered to the client by calling this function. The timeout
+ duration is controlled by the set() function in the TS Feed API.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>If a TS packet is received with errors that could not be fixed by the TS-level
+ forward error correction (FEC), the Transport_error_indicator flag of the TS
+ packet header should be set. The TS packet should not be discarded, as
+ the error can possibly be corrected by a higher layer protocol. If the called
+ party is slow in processing the callback, it is possible that the circular buffer
+ eventually fills up. If this happens, the demux driver should discard any TS
+ packets received while the buffer is full. The error should be indicated to the
+ client on the next callback by setting the success parameter to the value of
+ DMX_OVERRUN_ERROR.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The type of data returned to the callback can be selected by the new
+ function int (*set_type) (struct dmx_ts_feed_s* feed, int type, dmx_ts_pes_t
+ pes_type) which is part of the dmx_ts_feed_s struct (also cf. to the
+ include file ost/demux.h) The type parameter decides if the raw TS packet
+ (TS_PACKET) or just the payload (TS_PACKET&#8212;TS_PAYLOAD_ONLY)
+ should be returned. If additionally the TS_DECODER bit is set the stream
+ will also be sent to the hardware MPEG decoder. In this case, the second
+ flag decides as what kind of data the stream should be interpreted. The
+ possible choices are one of DMX_TS_PES_AUDIO, DMX_TS_PES_VIDEO,
+ DMX_TS_PES_TELETEXT, DMX_TS_PES_SUBTITLE,
+ DMX_TS_PES_PCR, or DMX_TS_PES_OTHER.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int dmx_ts_cb(__u8&#x22C6; buffer1, size_t buffer1_length,
+ __u8&#x22C6; buffer2, size_t buffer2_length, dmx_ts_feed_t&#x22C6;
+ source, dmx_success_t success);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>__u8* buffer1</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the start of the filtered TS packets.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>size_t buffer1_length</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Length of the TS data in buffer1.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>__u8* buffer2</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the tail of the filtered TS packets, or NULL.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>size_t buffer2_length</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Length of the TS data in buffer2.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>dmx_ts_feed_t*
+ source</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Indicates which TS feed is the source of the callback.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>dmx_success_t
+ success</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Indicates if there was an error in TS reception.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>RETURNS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>0</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Continue filtering.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-1</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Stop filtering - has the same effect as a call to
+ stop_filtering() on the TS Feed API.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>dmx_section_cb()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This function, provided by the client of the demux API, is called from the
+ demux code. The function is only called when filtering of sections has been
+ enabled using the function start_filtering() of the section feed API. When the
+ demux driver has received a complete section that matches at least one section
+ filter, the client is notified via this callback function. Normally this function is
+ called for each received section; however, it is also possible to deliver multiple
+ sections with one callback, for example when the system load is high. If an
+ error occurs while receiving a section, this function should be called with
+ the corresponding error type set in the success field, whether or not there is
+ data to deliver. The Section Feed implementation should maintain a circular
+ buffer for received sections. However, this is not necessary if the Section Feed
+ API is implemented as a client of the TS Feed API, because the TS Feed
+ implementation then buffers the received data. The size of the circular buffer
+ can be configured using the set() function in the Section Feed API. If there
+ is no room in the circular buffer when a new section is received, the section
+ must be discarded. If this happens, the value of the success parameter should
+ be DMX_OVERRUN_ERROR on the next callback.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int dmx_section_cb(__u8&#x22C6; buffer1, size_t
+ buffer1_length, __u8&#x22C6; buffer2, size_t
+ buffer2_length, dmx_section_filter_t&#x22C6; source,
+ dmx_success_t success);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>__u8* buffer1</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the start of the filtered section, e.g. within the
+ circular buffer of the demux driver.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>size_t buffer1_length</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Length of the filtered section data in buffer1, including
+ headers and CRC.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>__u8* buffer2</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the tail of the filtered section data, or NULL.
+ Useful to handle the wrapping of a circular buffer.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>size_t buffer2_length</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Length of the filtered section data in buffer2, including
+ headers and CRC.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>dmx_section_filter_t*
+ filter</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Indicates the filter that triggered the callback.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>dmx_success_t
+ success</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Indicates if there was an error in section reception.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>RETURNS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>0</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Continue filtering.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-1</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Stop filtering - has the same effect as a call to
+ stop_filtering() on the Section Feed API.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+ </section></section>
+<section id="ts_feed_api">
+<title>TS Feed API</title>
+<para>A TS feed is typically mapped to a hardware PID filter on the demux chip.
+Using this API, the client can set the filtering properties to start/stop filtering TS
+packets on a particular TS feed. The API is defined as an abstract interface of the type
+dmx_ts_feed_t.
+</para>
+<para>The functions that implement the interface should be defined static or module private. The
+client can get the handle of a TS feed API by calling the function allocate_ts_feed() in the
+demux API.
+</para>
+
+<section
+role="subsection"><title>set()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This function sets the parameters of a TS feed. Any filtering in progress on the
+ TS feed must be stopped before calling this function.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int set ( dmx_ts_feed_t&#x22C6; feed, __u16 pid, size_t
+ callback_length, size_t circular_buffer_size, int
+ descramble, struct timespec timeout);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>dmx_ts_feed_t* feed</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the TS feed API and instance data.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>__u16 pid</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>PID value to filter. Only the TS packets carrying the
+ specified PID will be passed to the API client.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>size_t
+ callback_length</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Number of bytes to deliver with each call to the
+ dmx_ts_cb() callback function. The value of this
+ parameter should be a multiple of 188.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>size_t
+ circular_buffer_size</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Size of the circular buffer for the filtered TS packets.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int descramble</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>If non-zero, descramble the filtered TS packets.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>struct timespec
+ timeout</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Maximum time to wait before delivering received TS
+ packets to the client.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>RETURNS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>0</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The function was completed without errors.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-ENOMEM</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Not enough memory for the requested buffer size.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-ENOSYS</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>No descrambling facility available for TS.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Bad parameter.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>start_filtering()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Starts filtering TS packets on this TS feed, according to its settings. The PID
+ value to filter can be set by the API client. All matching TS packets are
+ delivered asynchronously to the client, using the callback function registered
+ with allocate_ts_feed().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int start_filtering(dmx_ts_feed_t&#x22C6; feed);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>dmx_ts_feed_t* feed</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the TS feed API and instance data.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>RETURNS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>0</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The function was completed without errors.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Bad parameter.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>stop_filtering()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Stops filtering TS packets on this TS feed.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int stop_filtering(dmx_ts_feed_t&#x22C6; feed);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>dmx_ts_feed_t* feed</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the TS feed API and instance data.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>RETURNS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>0</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The function was completed without errors.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Bad parameter.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+ </section></section>
+<section id="section_feed_api">
+<title>Section Feed API</title>
+<para>A section feed is a resource consisting of a PID filter and a set of section filters. Using this
+API, the client can set the properties of a section feed and to start/stop filtering. The API is
+defined as an abstract interface of the type dmx_section_feed_t. The functions that implement
+the interface should be defined static or module private. The client can get the handle of
+a section feed API by calling the function allocate_section_feed() in the demux
+API.
+</para>
+<para>On demux platforms that provide section filtering in hardware, the Section Feed API
+implementation provides a software wrapper for the demux hardware. Other platforms may
+support only PID filtering in hardware, requiring that TS packets are converted to sections in
+software. In the latter case the Section Feed API implementation can be a client of the TS
+Feed API.
+</para>
+
+</section>
+<section id="kdapi_set">
+<title>set()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This function sets the parameters of a section feed. Any filtering in progress on
+ the section feed must be stopped before calling this function. If descrambling
+ is enabled, the payload_scrambling_control and address_scrambling_control
+ fields of received DVB datagram sections should be observed. If either one is
+ non-zero, the section should be descrambled either in hardware or using the
+ functions descramble_mac_address() and descramble_section_payload() of the
+ demux API. Note that according to the MPEG-2 Systems specification, only
+ the payloads of private sections can be scrambled while the rest of the section
+ data must be sent in the clear.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int set(dmx_section_feed_t&#x22C6; feed, __u16 pid, size_t
+ circular_buffer_size, int descramble, int
+ check_crc);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>dmx_section_feed_t*
+ feed</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the section feed API and instance data.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>__u16 pid</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>PID value to filter; only the TS packets carrying the
+ specified PID will be accepted.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>size_t
+ circular_buffer_size</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Size of the circular buffer for filtered sections.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int descramble</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>If non-zero, descramble any sections that are scrambled.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int check_crc</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>If non-zero, check the CRC values of filtered sections.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>RETURNS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>0</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The function was completed without errors.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-ENOMEM</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Not enough memory for the requested buffer size.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-ENOSYS</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>No descrambling facility available for sections.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Bad parameters.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>allocate_filter()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This function is used to allocate a section filter on the demux. It should only be
+ called when no filtering is in progress on this section feed. If a filter cannot be
+ allocated, the function fails with -ENOSPC. See in section ?? for the format of
+ the section filter.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The bitfields filter_mask and filter_value should only be modified when no
+ filtering is in progress on this section feed. filter_mask controls which bits of
+ filter_value are compared with the section headers/payload. On a binary value
+ of 1 in filter_mask, the corresponding bits are compared. The filter only accepts
+ sections that are equal to filter_value in all the tested bit positions. Any changes
+ to the values of filter_mask and filter_value are guaranteed to take effect only
+ when the start_filtering() function is called next time. The parent pointer in
+ the struct is initialized by the API implementation to the value of the feed
+ parameter. The priv pointer is not used by the API implementation, and can
+ thus be freely utilized by the caller of this function. Any data pointed to by the
+ priv pointer is available to the recipient of the dmx_section_cb() function call.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>While the maximum section filter length (DMX_MAX_FILTER_SIZE) is
+ currently set at 16 bytes, hardware filters of that size are not available on all
+ platforms. Therefore, section filtering will often take place first in hardware,
+ followed by filtering in software for the header bytes that were not covered
+ by a hardware filter. The filter_mask field can be checked to determine how
+ many bytes of the section filter are actually used, and if the hardware filter will
+ suffice. Additionally, software-only section filters can optionally be allocated
+ to clients when all hardware section filters are in use. Note that on most demux
+ hardware it is not possible to filter on the section_length field of the section
+ header &#8211; thus this field is ignored, even though it is included in filter_value and
+ filter_mask fields.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int allocate_filter(dmx_section_feed_t&#x22C6; feed,
+ dmx_section_filter_t&#x22C6;&#x22C6; filter);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>dmx_section_feed_t*
+ feed</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the section feed API and instance data.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>dmx_section_filter_t**
+ filter</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the allocated filter.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>RETURNS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>0</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The function was completed without errors.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-ENOSPC</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>No filters of given type and length available.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Bad parameters.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>release_filter()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This function releases all the resources of a previously allocated section filter.
+ The function should not be called while filtering is in progress on this section
+ feed. After calling this function, the caller should not try to dereference the
+ filter pointer.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int release_filter ( dmx_section_feed_t&#x22C6; feed,
+ dmx_section_filter_t&#x22C6; filter);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>dmx_section_feed_t*
+ feed</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the section feed API and instance data.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>dmx_section_filter_t*
+ filter</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>I/O Pointer to the instance data of a section filter.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>RETURNS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>0</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The function was completed without errors.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-ENODEV</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>No such filter allocated.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Bad parameter.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>start_filtering()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Starts filtering sections on this section feed, according to its settings. Sections
+ are first filtered based on their PID and then matched with the section
+ filters allocated for this feed. If the section matches the PID filter and
+ at least one section filter, it is delivered to the API client. The section
+ is delivered asynchronously using the callback function registered with
+ allocate_section_feed().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int start_filtering ( dmx_section_feed_t&#x22C6; feed );</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>dmx_section_feed_t*
+ feed</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the section feed API and instance data.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>RETURNS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>0</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The function was completed without errors.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Bad parameter.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>stop_filtering()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Stops filtering sections on this section feed. Note that any changes to the
+ filtering parameters (filter_value, filter_mask, etc.) should only be made when
+ filtering is stopped.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int stop_filtering ( dmx_section_feed_t&#x22C6; feed );</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>dmx_section_feed_t*
+ feed</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the section feed API and instance data.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>RETURNS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>0</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The function was completed without errors.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>-EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Bad parameter.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section>
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/net.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/net.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..94e388d94c0d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/net.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+<title>DVB Network API</title>
+<para>The DVB net device enables feeding of MPE (multi protocol encapsulation) packets
+received via DVB into the Linux network protocol stack, e.g. for internet via satellite
+applications. It can be accessed through <emphasis role="tt">/dev/dvb/adapter0/net0</emphasis>. Data types and
+and ioctl definitions can be accessed by including <emphasis role="tt">linux/dvb/net.h</emphasis> in your
+application.
+</para>
+<section id="dvb_net_types">
+<title>DVB Net Data Types</title>
+<para>To be written&#x2026;
+</para>
+</section>
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/video.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/video.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..7bb287e67c8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/video.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,1971 @@
+<title>DVB Video Device</title>
+<para>The DVB video device controls the MPEG2 video decoder of the DVB hardware. It
+can be accessed through <emphasis role="tt">/dev/dvb/adapter0/video0</emphasis>. Data types and and
+ioctl definitions can be accessed by including <emphasis role="tt">linux/dvb/video.h</emphasis> in your
+application.
+</para>
+<para>Note that the DVB video device only controls decoding of the MPEG video stream, not
+its presentation on the TV or computer screen. On PCs this is typically handled by an
+associated video4linux device, e.g. <emphasis role="tt">/dev/video</emphasis>, which allows scaling and defining output
+windows.
+</para>
+<para>Some DVB cards don&#8217;t have their own MPEG decoder, which results in the omission of
+the audio and video device as well as the video4linux device.
+</para>
+<para>The ioctls that deal with SPUs (sub picture units) and navigation packets are only
+supported on some MPEG decoders made for DVD playback.
+</para>
+<section id="video_types">
+<title>Video Data Types</title>
+
+<section id="video_format_t">
+<title>video_format_t</title>
+<para>The <emphasis role="tt">video_format_t</emphasis> data type defined by
+</para>
+<programlisting>
+ typedef enum {
+         VIDEO_FORMAT_4_3,
+         VIDEO_FORMAT_16_9
+ } video_format_t;
+</programlisting>
+<para>is used in the VIDEO_SET_FORMAT function (??) to tell the driver which aspect ratio
+the output hardware (e.g. TV) has. It is also used in the data structures video_status
+(??) returned by VIDEO_GET_STATUS (??) and video_event (??) returned by
+VIDEO_GET_EVENT (??) which report about the display format of the current video
+stream.
+</para>
+</section>
+
+<section id="video_display_format_t">
+<title>video_display_format_t</title>
+<para>In case the display format of the video stream and of the display hardware differ the
+application has to specify how to handle the cropping of the picture. This can be done using
+the VIDEO_SET_DISPLAY_FORMAT call (??) which accepts
+</para>
+<programlisting>
+ typedef enum {
+         VIDEO_PAN_SCAN,
+         VIDEO_LETTER_BOX,
+         VIDEO_CENTER_CUT_OUT
+ } video_display_format_t;
+</programlisting>
+<para>as argument.
+</para>
+</section>
+
+<section id="video_stream_source">
+<title>video stream source</title>
+<para>The video stream source is set through the VIDEO_SELECT_SOURCE call and can take
+the following values, depending on whether we are replaying from an internal (demuxer) or
+external (user write) source.
+</para>
+<programlisting>
+ typedef enum {
+         VIDEO_SOURCE_DEMUX,
+         VIDEO_SOURCE_MEMORY
+ } video_stream_source_t;
+</programlisting>
+<para>VIDEO_SOURCE_DEMUX selects the demultiplexer (fed either by the frontend or the
+DVR device) as the source of the video stream. If VIDEO_SOURCE_MEMORY
+is selected the stream comes from the application through the <emphasis role="tt">write()</emphasis> system
+call.
+</para>
+</section>
+
+<section id="video_play_state">
+<title>video play state</title>
+<para>The following values can be returned by the VIDEO_GET_STATUS call representing the
+state of video playback.
+</para>
+<programlisting>
+ typedef enum {
+         VIDEO_STOPPED,
+         VIDEO_PLAYING,
+         VIDEO_FREEZED
+ } video_play_state_t;
+</programlisting>
+</section>
+
+<section id="video_event">
+<title>struct video_event</title>
+<para>The following is the structure of a video event as it is returned by the VIDEO_GET_EVENT
+call.
+</para>
+<programlisting>
+ struct video_event {
+         int32_t type;
+         time_t timestamp;
+         union {
+                 video_format_t video_format;
+         } u;
+ };
+</programlisting>
+</section>
+
+<section id="video_status">
+<title>struct video_status</title>
+<para>The VIDEO_GET_STATUS call returns the following structure informing about various
+states of the playback operation.
+</para>
+<programlisting>
+ struct video_status {
+         boolean video_blank;
+         video_play_state_t play_state;
+         video_stream_source_t stream_source;
+         video_format_t video_format;
+         video_displayformat_t display_format;
+ };
+</programlisting>
+<para>If video_blank is set video will be blanked out if the channel is changed or if playback is
+stopped. Otherwise, the last picture will be displayed. play_state indicates if the video is
+currently frozen, stopped, or being played back. The stream_source corresponds to the seleted
+source for the video stream. It can come either from the demultiplexer or from memory.
+The video_format indicates the aspect ratio (one of 4:3 or 16:9) of the currently
+played video stream. Finally, display_format corresponds to the selected cropping
+mode in case the source video format is not the same as the format of the output
+device.
+</para>
+</section>
+
+<section id="video_still_picture">
+<title>struct video_still_picture</title>
+<para>An I-frame displayed via the VIDEO_STILLPICTURE call is passed on within the
+following structure.
+</para>
+<programlisting>
+ /&#x22C6; pointer to and size of a single iframe in memory &#x22C6;/
+ struct video_still_picture {
+         char &#x22C6;iFrame;
+         int32_t size;
+ };
+</programlisting>
+</section>
+
+<section id="video_caps">
+<title>video capabilities</title>
+<para>A call to VIDEO_GET_CAPABILITIES returns an unsigned integer with the following
+bits set according to the hardwares capabilities.
+</para>
+<programlisting>
+ /&#x22C6; bit definitions for capabilities: &#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6; can the hardware decode MPEG1 and/or MPEG2? &#x22C6;/
+ #define VIDEO_CAP_MPEG1   1
+ #define VIDEO_CAP_MPEG2   2
+ /&#x22C6; can you send a system and/or program stream to video device?
+    (you still have to open the video and the audio device but only
+     send the stream to the video device) &#x22C6;/
+ #define VIDEO_CAP_SYS     4
+ #define VIDEO_CAP_PROG    8
+ /&#x22C6; can the driver also handle SPU, NAVI and CSS encoded data?
+    (CSS API is not present yet) &#x22C6;/
+ #define VIDEO_CAP_SPU    16
+ #define VIDEO_CAP_NAVI   32
+ #define VIDEO_CAP_CSS    64
+</programlisting>
+</section>
+
+<section id="video_system">
+<title>video system</title>
+<para>A call to VIDEO_SET_SYSTEM sets the desired video system for TV output. The
+following system types can be set:
+</para>
+<programlisting>
+ typedef enum {
+          VIDEO_SYSTEM_PAL,
+          VIDEO_SYSTEM_NTSC,
+          VIDEO_SYSTEM_PALN,
+          VIDEO_SYSTEM_PALNc,
+          VIDEO_SYSTEM_PALM,
+          VIDEO_SYSTEM_NTSC60,
+          VIDEO_SYSTEM_PAL60,
+          VIDEO_SYSTEM_PALM60
+ } video_system_t;
+</programlisting>
+</section>
+
+<section id="video_highlight">
+<title>struct video_highlight</title>
+<para>Calling the ioctl VIDEO_SET_HIGHLIGHTS posts the SPU highlight information. The
+call expects the following format for that information:
+</para>
+<programlisting>
+ typedef
+ struct video_highlight {
+         boolean active;      /&#x22C6;    1=show highlight, 0=hide highlight &#x22C6;/
+         uint8_t contrast1;   /&#x22C6;    7- 4  Pattern pixel contrast &#x22C6;/
+                              /&#x22C6;    3- 0  Background pixel contrast &#x22C6;/
+         uint8_t contrast2;   /&#x22C6;    7- 4  Emphasis pixel-2 contrast &#x22C6;/
+                              /&#x22C6;    3- 0  Emphasis pixel-1 contrast &#x22C6;/
+         uint8_t color1;      /&#x22C6;    7- 4  Pattern pixel color &#x22C6;/
+                              /&#x22C6;    3- 0  Background pixel color &#x22C6;/
+         uint8_t color2;      /&#x22C6;    7- 4  Emphasis pixel-2 color &#x22C6;/
+                              /&#x22C6;    3- 0  Emphasis pixel-1 color &#x22C6;/
+         uint32_t ypos;       /&#x22C6;   23-22  auto action mode &#x22C6;/
+                              /&#x22C6;   21-12  start y &#x22C6;/
+                              /&#x22C6;    9- 0  end y &#x22C6;/
+         uint32_t xpos;       /&#x22C6;   23-22  button color number &#x22C6;/
+                              /&#x22C6;   21-12  start x &#x22C6;/
+                              /&#x22C6;    9- 0  end x &#x22C6;/
+ } video_highlight_t;
+</programlisting>
+
+</section>
+<section id="video_spu">
+<title>video SPU</title>
+<para>Calling VIDEO_SET_SPU deactivates or activates SPU decoding, according to the
+following format:
+</para>
+<programlisting>
+ typedef
+ struct video_spu {
+         boolean active;
+         int stream_id;
+ } video_spu_t;
+</programlisting>
+
+</section>
+<section id="video_spu_palette">
+<title>video SPU palette</title>
+<para>The following structure is used to set the SPU palette by calling VIDEO_SPU_PALETTE:
+</para>
+<programlisting>
+ typedef
+ struct video_spu_palette{
+         int length;
+         uint8_t &#x22C6;palette;
+ } video_spu_palette_t;
+</programlisting>
+
+</section>
+<section id="video_navi_pack">
+<title>video NAVI pack</title>
+<para>In order to get the navigational data the following structure has to be passed to the ioctl
+VIDEO_GET_NAVI:
+</para>
+<programlisting>
+ typedef
+ struct video_navi_pack{
+         int length;         /&#x22C6; 0 ... 1024 &#x22C6;/
+         uint8_t data[1024];
+ } video_navi_pack_t;
+</programlisting>
+</section>
+
+
+<section id="video_attributes">
+<title>video attributes</title>
+<para>The following attributes can be set by a call to VIDEO_SET_ATTRIBUTES:
+</para>
+<programlisting>
+ typedef uint16_t video_attributes_t;
+ /&#x22C6;   bits: descr. &#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6;   15-14 Video compression mode (0=MPEG-1, 1=MPEG-2) &#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6;   13-12 TV system (0=525/60, 1=625/50) &#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6;   11-10 Aspect ratio (0=4:3, 3=16:9) &#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6;    9- 8 permitted display mode on 4:3 monitor (0=both, 1=only pan-sca &#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6;    7    line 21-1 data present in GOP (1=yes, 0=no) &#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6;    6    line 21-2 data present in GOP (1=yes, 0=no) &#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6;    5- 3 source resolution (0=720x480/576, 1=704x480/576, 2=352x480/57 &#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6;    2    source letterboxed (1=yes, 0=no) &#x22C6;/
+ /&#x22C6;    0    film/camera mode (0=camera, 1=film (625/50 only)) &#x22C6;/
+</programlisting>
+</section></section>
+
+
+<section id="video_function_calls">
+<title>Video Function Calls</title>
+
+
+<section id="video_fopen">
+<title>open()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This system call opens a named video device (e.g. /dev/dvb/adapter0/video0)
+ for subsequent use.</para>
+<para>When an open() call has succeeded, the device will be ready for use.
+ The significance of blocking or non-blocking mode is described in the
+ documentation for functions where there is a difference. It does not affect the
+ semantics of the open() call itself. A device opened in blocking mode can later
+ be put into non-blocking mode (and vice versa) using the F_SETFL command
+ of the fcntl system call. This is a standard system call, documented in the Linux
+ manual page for fcntl. Only one user can open the Video Device in O_RDWR
+ mode. All other attempts to open the device in this mode will fail, and an
+ error-code will be returned. If the Video Device is opened in O_RDONLY
+ mode, the only ioctl call that can be used is VIDEO_GET_STATUS. All other
+ call will return an error code.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int open(const char &#x22C6;deviceName, int flags);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>const char
+ *deviceName</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Name of specific video device.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int flags</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>A bit-wise OR of the following flags:</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>O_RDONLY read-only access</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>O_RDWR read/write access</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>O_NONBLOCK open in non-blocking mode</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>(blocking mode is the default)</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>ENODEV</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Device driver not loaded/available.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBUSY</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Device or resource busy.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Invalid argument.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section>
+<section id="video_fclose">
+<title>close()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This system call closes a previously opened video device.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int close(int fd);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section>
+<section id="video_fwrite">
+<title>write()</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This system call can only be used if VIDEO_SOURCE_MEMORY is selected
+ in the ioctl call VIDEO_SELECT_SOURCE. The data provided shall be in
+ PES format, unless the capability allows other formats. If O_NONBLOCK is
+ not specified the function will block until buffer space is available. The amount
+ of data to be transferred is implied by count.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>size_t write(int fd, const void &#x22C6;buf, size_t count);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>void *buf</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to the buffer containing the PES data.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>size_t count</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Size of buf.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EPERM</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Mode VIDEO_SOURCE_MEMORY not selected.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>ENOMEM</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Attempted to write more data than the internal buffer can
+ hold.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>VIDEO_STOP</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call asks the Video Device to stop playing the current stream.
+ Depending on the input parameter, the screen can be blanked out or displaying
+ the last decoded frame.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(fd, int request = VIDEO_STOP, boolean
+ mode);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals VIDEO_STOP for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Boolean mode</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Indicates how the screen shall be handled.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>TRUE: Blank screen when stop.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>FALSE: Show last decoded frame.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error, possibly in the communication with the
+ DVB subsystem.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>VIDEO_PLAY</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call asks the Video Device to start playing a video stream from the
+ selected source.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(fd, int request = VIDEO_PLAY);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals VIDEO_PLAY for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error, possibly in the communication with the
+ DVB subsystem.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>VIDEO_FREEZE</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call suspends the live video stream being played. Decoding
+ and playing are frozen. It is then possible to restart the decoding
+ and playing process of the video stream using the VIDEO_CONTINUE
+ command. If VIDEO_SOURCE_MEMORY is selected in the ioctl call
+ VIDEO_SELECT_SOURCE, the DVB subsystem will not decode any more
+ data until the ioctl call VIDEO_CONTINUE or VIDEO_PLAY is performed.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(fd, int request = VIDEO_FREEZE);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals VIDEO_FREEZE for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error, possibly in the communication with the
+ DVB subsystem.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>VIDEO_CONTINUE</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call restarts decoding and playing processes of the video stream
+ which was played before a call to VIDEO_FREEZE was made.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(fd, int request = VIDEO_CONTINUE);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals VIDEO_CONTINUE for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error, possibly in the communication with the
+ DVB subsystem.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>VIDEO_SELECT_SOURCE</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call informs the video device which source shall be used for the input
+ data. The possible sources are demux or memory. If memory is selected, the
+ data is fed to the video device through the write command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(fd, int request = VIDEO_SELECT_SOURCE,
+ video_stream_source_t source);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals VIDEO_SELECT_SOURCE for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>video_stream_source_t
+ source</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Indicates which source shall be used for the Video stream.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error, possibly in the communication with the
+ DVB subsystem.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>VIDEO_SET_BLANK</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call asks the Video Device to blank out the picture.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(fd, int request = VIDEO_SET_BLANK, boolean
+ mode);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals VIDEO_SET_BLANK for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>boolean mode</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>TRUE: Blank screen when stop.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>FALSE: Show last decoded frame.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error, possibly in the communication with the
+ DVB subsystem.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Illegal input parameter</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>VIDEO_GET_STATUS</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call asks the Video Device to return the current status of the device.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para> int ioctl(fd, int request = VIDEO_GET_STATUS, struct
+ video_status &#x22C6;status);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals VIDEO_GET_STATUS for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>struct video_status
+ *status</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Returns the current status of the Video Device.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error, possibly in the communication with the
+ DVB subsystem.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EFAULT</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>status points to invalid address</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>VIDEO_GET_EVENT</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call returns an event of type video_event if available. If an event is
+ not available, the behavior depends on whether the device is in blocking or
+ non-blocking mode. In the latter case, the call fails immediately with errno
+ set to EWOULDBLOCK. In the former case, the call blocks until an event
+ becomes available. The standard Linux poll() and/or select() system calls can
+ be used with the device file descriptor to watch for new events. For select(),
+ the file descriptor should be included in the exceptfds argument, and for
+ poll(), POLLPRI should be specified as the wake-up condition. Read-only
+ permissions are sufficient for this ioctl call.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para> int ioctl(fd, int request = VIDEO_GET_EVENT, struct
+ video_event &#x22C6;ev);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals VIDEO_GET_EVENT for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>struct video_event
+ *ev</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Points to the location where the event, if any, is to be
+ stored.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EFAULT</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>ev points to invalid address</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EWOULDBLOCK</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>There is no event pending, and the device is in
+ non-blocking mode.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EOVERFLOW</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Overflow in event queue - one or more events were lost.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>VIDEO_SET_DISPLAY_FORMAT</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call asks the Video Device to select the video format to be applied
+ by the MPEG chip on the video.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para> int ioctl(fd, int request =
+ VIDEO_SET_DISPLAY_FORMAT, video_display_format_t
+ format);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals VIDEO_SET_DISPLAY_FORMAT for this
+ command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>video_display_format_t
+ format</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Selects the video format to be used.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Illegal parameter format.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>VIDEO_STILLPICTURE</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call asks the Video Device to display a still picture (I-frame). The
+ input data shall contain an I-frame. If the pointer is NULL, then the current
+ displayed still picture is blanked.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(fd, int request = VIDEO_STILLPICTURE,
+ struct video_still_picture &#x22C6;sp);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals VIDEO_STILLPICTURE for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>struct
+ video_still_picture
+ *sp</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to a location where an I-frame and size is stored.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EFAULT</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>sp points to an invalid iframe.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>VIDEO_FAST_FORWARD</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call asks the Video Device to skip decoding of N number of I-frames.
+ This call can only be used if VIDEO_SOURCE_MEMORY is selected.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(fd, int request = VIDEO_FAST_FORWARD, int
+ nFrames);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals VIDEO_FAST_FORWARD for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int nFrames</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The number of frames to skip.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EPERM</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Mode VIDEO_SOURCE_MEMORY not selected.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Illegal parameter format.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>VIDEO_SLOWMOTION</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call asks the video device to repeat decoding frames N number of
+ times. This call can only be used if VIDEO_SOURCE_MEMORY is selected.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(fd, int request = VIDEO_SLOWMOTION, int
+ nFrames);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals VIDEO_SLOWMOTION for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int nFrames</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>The number of times to repeat each frame.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EPERM</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Mode VIDEO_SOURCE_MEMORY not selected.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Illegal parameter format.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>VIDEO_GET_CAPABILITIES</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call asks the video device about its decoding capabilities. On success
+ it returns and integer which has bits set according to the defines in section ??.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(fd, int request = VIDEO_GET_CAPABILITIES,
+ unsigned int &#x22C6;cap);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals VIDEO_GET_CAPABILITIES for this
+ command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>unsigned int *cap</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Pointer to a location where to store the capability
+ information.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EFAULT</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>cap points to an invalid iframe.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>VIDEO_SET_ID</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl selects which sub-stream is to be decoded if a program or system
+ stream is sent to the video device.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(int fd, int request = VIDEO_SET_ID, int
+ id);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals VIDEO_SET_ID for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int id</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>video sub-stream id</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINTERNAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Internal error.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Invalid sub-stream id.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>VIDEO_CLEAR_BUFFER</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl call clears all video buffers in the driver and in the decoder hardware.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(fd, int request = VIDEO_CLEAR_BUFFER);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals VIDEO_CLEAR_BUFFER for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>VIDEO_SET_STREAMTYPE</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl tells the driver which kind of stream to expect being written to it. If
+ this call is not used the default of video PES is used. Some drivers might not
+ support this call and always expect PES.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int ioctl(fd, int request = VIDEO_SET_STREAMTYPE,
+ int type);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals VIDEO_SET_STREAMTYPE for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int type</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>stream type</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>type is not a valid or supported stream type.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>VIDEO_SET_FORMAT</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl sets the screen format (aspect ratio) of the connected output device
+ (TV) so that the output of the decoder can be adjusted accordingly.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para> int ioctl(fd, int request = VIDEO_SET_FORMAT,
+ video_format_t format);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals VIDEO_SET_FORMAT for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>video_format_t
+ format</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>video format of TV as defined in section ??.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>format is not a valid video format.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>VIDEO_SET_SYSTEM</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl sets the television output format. The format (see section ??) may
+ vary from the color format of the displayed MPEG stream. If the hardware is
+ not able to display the requested format the call will return an error.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para> int ioctl(fd, int request = VIDEO_SET_SYSTEM ,
+ video_system_t system);</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals VIDEO_SET_FORMAT for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>video_system_t
+ system</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>video system of TV output.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>system is not a valid or supported video system.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>VIDEO_SET_HIGHLIGHT</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl sets the SPU highlight information for the menu access of a DVD.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para> int ioctl(fd, int request = VIDEO_SET_HIGHLIGHT
+ ,video_highlight_t &#x22C6;vhilite)</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals VIDEO_SET_HIGHLIGHT for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>video_highlight_t
+ *vhilite</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>SPU Highlight information according to section ??.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>input is not a valid highlight setting.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>VIDEO_SET_SPU</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl activates or deactivates SPU decoding in a DVD input stream. It can
+ only be used, if the driver is able to handle a DVD stream.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para> int ioctl(fd, int request = VIDEO_SET_SPU ,
+ video_spu_t &#x22C6;spu)</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals VIDEO_SET_SPU for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>video_spu_t *spu</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>SPU decoding (de)activation and subid setting according
+ to section ??.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>input is not a valid spu setting or driver cannot handle
+ SPU.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>VIDEO_SET_SPU_PALETTE</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl sets the SPU color palette.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para> int ioctl(fd, int request = VIDEO_SET_SPU_PALETTE
+ ,video_spu_palette_t &#x22C6;palette )</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals VIDEO_SET_SPU_PALETTE for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>video_spu_palette_t
+ *palette</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>SPU palette according to section ??.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>input is not a valid palette or driver doesn&#8217;t handle SPU.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>VIDEO_GET_NAVI</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl returns navigational information from the DVD stream. This is
+ especially needed if an encoded stream has to be decoded by the hardware.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para> int ioctl(fd, int request = VIDEO_GET_NAVI ,
+ video_navi_pack_t &#x22C6;navipack)</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals VIDEO_GET_NAVI for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>video_navi_pack_t
+ *navipack</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>PCI or DSI pack (private stream 2) according to section
+ ??.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EFAULT</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>driver is not able to return navigational information</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+
+</section><section
+role="subsection"><title>VIDEO_SET_ATTRIBUTES</title>
+<para>DESCRIPTION
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>This ioctl is intended for DVD playback and allows you to set certain
+ information about the stream. Some hardware may not need this information,
+ but the call also tells the hardware to prepare for DVD playback.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>SYNOPSIS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="1"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para> int ioctl(fd, int request = VIDEO_SET_ATTRIBUTE
+ ,video_attributes_t vattr)</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>PARAMETERS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int fd</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>int request</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>Equals VIDEO_SET_ATTRIBUTE for this command.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>video_attributes_t
+ vattr</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>video attributes according to section ??.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+<para>ERRORS
+</para>
+<informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EBADF</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>fd is not a valid open file descriptor</para>
+</entry>
+ </row><row><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>EINVAL</para>
+</entry><entry
+ align="char">
+<para>input is not a valid attribute setting.</para>
+</entry>
+ </row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
+ </section></section>
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/media-entities.tmpl b/Documentation/DocBook/media-entities.tmpl
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..0eb43c1970bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/media-entities.tmpl
@@ -0,0 +1,364 @@
+<!-- Generated file! Do not edit. -->
+
+<!-- Functions -->
+<!ENTITY func-close "<link linkend='func-close'><function>close()</function></link>">
+<!ENTITY func-ioctl "<link linkend='func-ioctl'><function>ioctl()</function></link>">
+<!ENTITY func-mmap "<link linkend='func-mmap'><function>mmap()</function></link>">
+<!ENTITY func-munmap "<link linkend='func-munmap'><function>munmap()</function></link>">
+<!ENTITY func-open "<link linkend='func-open'><function>open()</function></link>">
+<!ENTITY func-poll "<link linkend='func-poll'><function>poll()</function></link>">
+<!ENTITY func-read "<link linkend='func-read'><function>read()</function></link>">
+<!ENTITY func-select "<link linkend='func-select'><function>select()</function></link>">
+<!ENTITY func-write "<link linkend='func-write'><function>write()</function></link>">
+
+<!-- Ioctls -->
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-CROPCAP "<link linkend='vidioc-cropcap'><constant>VIDIOC_CROPCAP</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-DBG-G-CHIP-IDENT "<link linkend='vidioc-dbg-g-chip-ident'><constant>VIDIOC_DBG_G_CHIP_IDENT</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-DBG-G-REGISTER "<link linkend='vidioc-dbg-g-register'><constant>VIDIOC_DBG_G_REGISTER</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-DBG-S-REGISTER "<link linkend='vidioc-dbg-g-register'><constant>VIDIOC_DBG_S_REGISTER</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-DQBUF "<link linkend='vidioc-qbuf'><constant>VIDIOC_DQBUF</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-ENCODER-CMD "<link linkend='vidioc-encoder-cmd'><constant>VIDIOC_ENCODER_CMD</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-ENUMAUDIO "<link linkend='vidioc-enumaudio'><constant>VIDIOC_ENUMAUDIO</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-ENUMAUDOUT "<link linkend='vidioc-enumaudioout'><constant>VIDIOC_ENUMAUDOUT</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-ENUMINPUT "<link linkend='vidioc-enuminput'><constant>VIDIOC_ENUMINPUT</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-ENUMOUTPUT "<link linkend='vidioc-enumoutput'><constant>VIDIOC_ENUMOUTPUT</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-ENUMSTD "<link linkend='vidioc-enumstd'><constant>VIDIOC_ENUMSTD</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-ENUM-FMT "<link linkend='vidioc-enum-fmt'><constant>VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-ENUM-FRAMEINTERVALS "<link linkend='vidioc-enum-frameintervals'><constant>VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMEINTERVALS</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-ENUM-FRAMESIZES "<link linkend='vidioc-enum-framesizes'><constant>VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMESIZES</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-G-AUDIO "<link linkend='vidioc-g-audio'><constant>VIDIOC_G_AUDIO</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-G-AUDOUT "<link linkend='vidioc-g-audioout'><constant>VIDIOC_G_AUDOUT</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-G-CROP "<link linkend='vidioc-g-crop'><constant>VIDIOC_G_CROP</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-G-CTRL "<link linkend='vidioc-g-ctrl'><constant>VIDIOC_G_CTRL</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-G-ENC-INDEX "<link linkend='vidioc-g-enc-index'><constant>VIDIOC_G_ENC_INDEX</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-G-EXT-CTRLS "<link linkend='vidioc-g-ext-ctrls'><constant>VIDIOC_G_EXT_CTRLS</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-G-FBUF "<link linkend='vidioc-g-fbuf'><constant>VIDIOC_G_FBUF</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-G-FMT "<link linkend='vidioc-g-fmt'><constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-G-FREQUENCY "<link linkend='vidioc-g-frequency'><constant>VIDIOC_G_FREQUENCY</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-G-INPUT "<link linkend='vidioc-g-input'><constant>VIDIOC_G_INPUT</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-G-JPEGCOMP "<link linkend='vidioc-g-jpegcomp'><constant>VIDIOC_G_JPEGCOMP</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-G-MPEGCOMP "<link linkend=''><constant>VIDIOC_G_MPEGCOMP</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-G-MODULATOR "<link linkend='vidioc-g-modulator'><constant>VIDIOC_G_MODULATOR</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-G-OUTPUT "<link linkend='vidioc-g-output'><constant>VIDIOC_G_OUTPUT</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-G-PARM "<link linkend='vidioc-g-parm'><constant>VIDIOC_G_PARM</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-G-PRIORITY "<link linkend='vidioc-g-priority'><constant>VIDIOC_G_PRIORITY</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-G-SLICED-VBI-CAP "<link linkend='vidioc-g-sliced-vbi-cap'><constant>VIDIOC_G_SLICED_VBI_CAP</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-G-STD "<link linkend='vidioc-g-std'><constant>VIDIOC_G_STD</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-G-TUNER "<link linkend='vidioc-g-tuner'><constant>VIDIOC_G_TUNER</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-LOG-STATUS "<link linkend='vidioc-log-status'><constant>VIDIOC_LOG_STATUS</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-OVERLAY "<link linkend='vidioc-overlay'><constant>VIDIOC_OVERLAY</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-QBUF "<link linkend='vidioc-qbuf'><constant>VIDIOC_QBUF</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-QUERYBUF "<link linkend='vidioc-querybuf'><constant>VIDIOC_QUERYBUF</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-QUERYCAP "<link linkend='vidioc-querycap'><constant>VIDIOC_QUERYCAP</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL "<link linkend='vidioc-queryctrl'><constant>VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-QUERYMENU "<link linkend='vidioc-queryctrl'><constant>VIDIOC_QUERYMENU</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-QUERYSTD "<link linkend='vidioc-querystd'><constant>VIDIOC_QUERYSTD</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-REQBUFS "<link linkend='vidioc-reqbufs'><constant>VIDIOC_REQBUFS</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-STREAMOFF "<link linkend='vidioc-streamon'><constant>VIDIOC_STREAMOFF</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-STREAMON "<link linkend='vidioc-streamon'><constant>VIDIOC_STREAMON</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-S-AUDIO "<link linkend='vidioc-g-audio'><constant>VIDIOC_S_AUDIO</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-S-AUDOUT "<link linkend='vidioc-g-audioout'><constant>VIDIOC_S_AUDOUT</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-S-CROP "<link linkend='vidioc-g-crop'><constant>VIDIOC_S_CROP</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-S-CTRL "<link linkend='vidioc-g-ctrl'><constant>VIDIOC_S_CTRL</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-S-EXT-CTRLS "<link linkend='vidioc-g-ext-ctrls'><constant>VIDIOC_S_EXT_CTRLS</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-S-FBUF "<link linkend='vidioc-g-fbuf'><constant>VIDIOC_S_FBUF</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-S-FMT "<link linkend='vidioc-g-fmt'><constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-S-FREQUENCY "<link linkend='vidioc-g-frequency'><constant>VIDIOC_S_FREQUENCY</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-S-HW-FREQ-SEEK "<link linkend='vidioc-s-hw-freq-seek'><constant>VIDIOC_S_HW_FREQ_SEEK</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-S-INPUT "<link linkend='vidioc-g-input'><constant>VIDIOC_S_INPUT</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-S-JPEGCOMP "<link linkend='vidioc-g-jpegcomp'><constant>VIDIOC_S_JPEGCOMP</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-S-MPEGCOMP "<link linkend=''><constant>VIDIOC_S_MPEGCOMP</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-S-MODULATOR "<link linkend='vidioc-g-modulator'><constant>VIDIOC_S_MODULATOR</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-S-OUTPUT "<link linkend='vidioc-g-output'><constant>VIDIOC_S_OUTPUT</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-S-PARM "<link linkend='vidioc-g-parm'><constant>VIDIOC_S_PARM</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-S-PRIORITY "<link linkend='vidioc-g-priority'><constant>VIDIOC_S_PRIORITY</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-S-STD "<link linkend='vidioc-g-std'><constant>VIDIOC_S_STD</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-S-TUNER "<link linkend='vidioc-g-tuner'><constant>VIDIOC_S_TUNER</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-TRY-ENCODER-CMD "<link linkend='vidioc-encoder-cmd'><constant>VIDIOC_TRY_ENCODER_CMD</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-TRY-EXT-CTRLS "<link linkend='vidioc-g-ext-ctrls'><constant>VIDIOC_TRY_EXT_CTRLS</constant></link>">
+<!ENTITY VIDIOC-TRY-FMT "<link linkend='vidioc-g-fmt'><constant>VIDIOC_TRY_FMT</constant></link>">
+
+<!-- Types -->
+<!ENTITY v4l2-std-id "<link linkend='v4l2-std-id'>v4l2_std_id</link>">
+
+<!-- Enums -->
+<!ENTITY v4l2-buf-type "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-buf-type'>v4l2_buf_type</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-colorspace "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-colorspace'>v4l2_colorspace</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-ctrl-type "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-ctrl-type'>v4l2_ctrl_type</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-exposure-auto-type "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-exposure-auto-type'>v4l2_exposure_auto_type</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-field "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-field'>v4l2_field</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-frmivaltypes "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-frmivaltypes'>v4l2_frmivaltypes</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-frmsizetypes "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-frmsizetypes'>v4l2_frmsizetypes</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-memory "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-memory'>v4l2_memory</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-mpeg-audio-ac3-bitrate "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-audio-ac3-bitrate'>v4l2_mpeg_audio_ac3_bitrate</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-mpeg-audio-crc "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-audio-crc'>v4l2_mpeg_audio_crc</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-mpeg-audio-emphasis "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-audio-emphasis'>v4l2_mpeg_audio_emphasis</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-mpeg-audio-encoding "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-audio-encoding'>v4l2_mpeg_audio_encoding</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-mpeg-audio-l1-bitrate "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-audio-l1-bitrate'>v4l2_mpeg_audio_l1_bitrate</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-mpeg-audio-l2-bitrate "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-audio-l2-bitrate'>v4l2_mpeg_audio_l2_bitrate</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-mpeg-audio-l3-bitrate "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-audio-l3-bitrate'>v4l2_mpeg_audio_l3_bitrate</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-mpeg-audio-mode "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-audio-mode'>v4l2_mpeg_audio_mode</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-mpeg-audio-mode-extension "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-audio-mode-extension'>v4l2_mpeg_audio_mode_extension</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-mpeg-audio-sampling-freq "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-audio-sampling-freq'>v4l2_mpeg_audio_sampling_freq</link>">
+<!ENTITY chroma-spatial-filter-type "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='chroma-spatial-filter-type'>v4l2_mpeg_cx2341x_video_chroma_spatial_filter_type</link>">
+<!ENTITY luma-spatial-filter-type "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='luma-spatial-filter-type'>v4l2_mpeg_cx2341x_video_luma_spatial_filter_type</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-mpeg-cx2341x-video-median-filter-type "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-cx2341x-video-median-filter-type'>v4l2_mpeg_cx2341x_video_median_filter_type</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-mpeg-cx2341x-video-spatial-filter-mode "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-cx2341x-video-spatial-filter-mode'>v4l2_mpeg_cx2341x_video_spatial_filter_mode</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-mpeg-cx2341x-video-temporal-filter-mode "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-cx2341x-video-temporal-filter-mode'>v4l2_mpeg_cx2341x_video_temporal_filter_mode</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-mpeg-stream-type "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-stream-type'>v4l2_mpeg_stream_type</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-mpeg-stream-vbi-fmt "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-stream-vbi-fmt'>v4l2_mpeg_stream_vbi_fmt</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-mpeg-video-aspect "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-video-aspect'>v4l2_mpeg_video_aspect</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-mpeg-video-bitrate-mode "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-video-bitrate-mode'>v4l2_mpeg_video_bitrate_mode</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-mpeg-video-encoding "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-video-encoding'>v4l2_mpeg_video_encoding</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-power-line-frequency "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-power-line-frequency'>v4l2_power_line_frequency</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-priority "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-priority'>v4l2_priority</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-tuner-type "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-tuner-type'>v4l2_tuner_type</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-preemphasis "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-preemphasis'>v4l2_preemphasis</link>">
+
+<!-- Structures -->
+<!ENTITY v4l2-audio "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-audio'>v4l2_audio</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-audioout "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-audioout'>v4l2_audioout</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-buffer "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-buffer'>v4l2_buffer</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-capability "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-capability'>v4l2_capability</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-captureparm "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-captureparm'>v4l2_captureparm</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-clip "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-clip'>v4l2_clip</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-control "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-control'>v4l2_control</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-crop "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-crop'>v4l2_crop</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-cropcap "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-cropcap'>v4l2_cropcap</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-dbg-chip-ident "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-dbg-chip-ident'>v4l2_dbg_chip_ident</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-dbg-match "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-dbg-match'>v4l2_dbg_match</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-dbg-register "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-dbg-register'>v4l2_dbg_register</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-enc-idx "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-enc-idx'>v4l2_enc_idx</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-enc-idx-entry "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-enc-idx-entry'>v4l2_enc_idx_entry</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-encoder-cmd "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-encoder-cmd'>v4l2_encoder_cmd</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-ext-control "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-ext-control'>v4l2_ext_control</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-ext-controls "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-ext-controls'>v4l2_ext_controls</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-fmtdesc "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-fmtdesc'>v4l2_fmtdesc</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-format "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-format'>v4l2_format</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-fract "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-fract'>v4l2_fract</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-framebuffer "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-framebuffer'>v4l2_framebuffer</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-frequency "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-frequency'>v4l2_frequency</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-frmival-stepwise "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-frmival-stepwise'>v4l2_frmival_stepwise</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-frmivalenum "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-frmivalenum'>v4l2_frmivalenum</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-frmsize-discrete "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-frmsize-discrete'>v4l2_frmsize_discrete</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-frmsize-stepwise "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-frmsize-stepwise'>v4l2_frmsize_stepwise</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-frmsizeenum "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-frmsizeenum'>v4l2_frmsizeenum</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-hw-freq-seek "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-hw-freq-seek'>v4l2_hw_freq_seek</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-input "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-input'>v4l2_input</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-jpegcompression "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-jpegcompression'>v4l2_jpegcompression</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-modulator "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-modulator'>v4l2_modulator</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-mpeg-vbi-fmt-ivtv "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-vbi-fmt-ivtv'>v4l2_mpeg_vbi_fmt_ivtv</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-output "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-output'>v4l2_output</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-outputparm "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-outputparm'>v4l2_outputparm</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-pix-format "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-pix-format'>v4l2_pix_format</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-queryctrl "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-queryctrl'>v4l2_queryctrl</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-querymenu "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-querymenu'>v4l2_querymenu</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-rect "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-rect'>v4l2_rect</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-requestbuffers "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-requestbuffers'>v4l2_requestbuffers</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-sliced-vbi-cap "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-sliced-vbi-cap'>v4l2_sliced_vbi_cap</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-sliced-vbi-data "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-sliced-vbi-data'>v4l2_sliced_vbi_data</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-sliced-vbi-format "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-sliced-vbi-format'>v4l2_sliced_vbi_format</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-standard "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-standard'>v4l2_standard</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-streamparm "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-streamparm'>v4l2_streamparm</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-timecode "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-timecode'>v4l2_timecode</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-tuner "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-tuner'>v4l2_tuner</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-vbi-format "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-vbi-format'>v4l2_vbi_format</link>">
+<!ENTITY v4l2-window "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-window'>v4l2_window</link>">
+
+<!-- Error Codes -->
+<!ENTITY EACCES "<errorcode>EACCES</errorcode> error code">
+<!ENTITY EAGAIN "<errorcode>EAGAIN</errorcode> error code">
+<!ENTITY EBADF "<errorcode>EBADF</errorcode> error code">
+<!ENTITY EBUSY "<errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode> error code">
+<!ENTITY EFAULT "<errorcode>EFAULT</errorcode> error code">
+<!ENTITY EIO "<errorcode>EIO</errorcode> error code">
+<!ENTITY EINTR "<errorcode>EINTR</errorcode> error code">
+<!ENTITY EINVAL "<errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode> error code">
+<!ENTITY ENFILE "<errorcode>ENFILE</errorcode> error code">
+<!ENTITY ENOMEM "<errorcode>ENOMEM</errorcode> error code">
+<!ENTITY ENOSPC "<errorcode>ENOSPC</errorcode> error code">
+<!ENTITY ENOTTY "<errorcode>ENOTTY</errorcode> error code">
+<!ENTITY ENXIO "<errorcode>ENXIO</errorcode> error code">
+<!ENTITY EMFILE "<errorcode>EMFILE</errorcode> error code">
+<!ENTITY EPERM "<errorcode>EPERM</errorcode> error code">
+<!ENTITY ERANGE "<errorcode>ERANGE</errorcode> error code">
+
+<!-- Subsections -->
+<!ENTITY sub-biblio SYSTEM "v4l/biblio.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-common SYSTEM "v4l/common.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-compat SYSTEM "v4l/compat.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-controls SYSTEM "v4l/controls.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-dev-capture SYSTEM "v4l/dev-capture.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-dev-codec SYSTEM "v4l/dev-codec.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-dev-effect SYSTEM "v4l/dev-effect.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-dev-osd SYSTEM "v4l/dev-osd.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-dev-output SYSTEM "v4l/dev-output.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-dev-overlay SYSTEM "v4l/dev-overlay.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-dev-radio SYSTEM "v4l/dev-radio.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-dev-raw-vbi SYSTEM "v4l/dev-raw-vbi.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-dev-rds SYSTEM "v4l/dev-rds.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-dev-sliced-vbi SYSTEM "v4l/dev-sliced-vbi.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-dev-teletext SYSTEM "v4l/dev-teletext.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-driver SYSTEM "v4l/driver.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-libv4l SYSTEM "v4l/libv4l.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-remote_controllers SYSTEM "v4l/remote_controllers.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-fdl-appendix SYSTEM "v4l/fdl-appendix.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-close SYSTEM "v4l/func-close.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-ioctl SYSTEM "v4l/func-ioctl.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-mmap SYSTEM "v4l/func-mmap.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-munmap SYSTEM "v4l/func-munmap.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-open SYSTEM "v4l/func-open.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-poll SYSTEM "v4l/func-poll.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-read SYSTEM "v4l/func-read.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-select SYSTEM "v4l/func-select.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-write SYSTEM "v4l/func-write.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-io SYSTEM "v4l/io.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-grey SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-grey.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-nv12 SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-nv12.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-nv16 SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-nv16.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-packed-rgb SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-packed-rgb.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-packed-yuv SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-packed-yuv.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-sbggr16 SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-sbggr16.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-sbggr8 SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-sbggr8.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-sgbrg8 SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-sgbrg8.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-sgrbg8 SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-sgrbg8.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-uyvy SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-uyvy.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-vyuy SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-vyuy.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-y16 SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-y16.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-y41p SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-y41p.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-yuv410 SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-yuv410.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-yuv411p SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-yuv411p.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-yuv420 SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-yuv420.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-yuv422p SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-yuv422p.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-yuyv SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-yuyv.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-yvyu SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-yvyu.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-pixfmt SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-cropcap SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-cropcap.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-dbg-g-register SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-dbg-g-register.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-encoder-cmd SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-encoder-cmd.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-enum-fmt SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-enum-fmt.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-enum-frameintervals SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-enum-frameintervals.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-enum-framesizes SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-enum-framesizes.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-enumaudio SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-enumaudio.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-enumaudioout SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-enumaudioout.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-enuminput SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-enuminput.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-enumoutput SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-enumoutput.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-enumstd SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-enumstd.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-g-audio SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-audio.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-g-audioout SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-audioout.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-dbg-g-chip-ident SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-dbg-g-chip-ident.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-g-crop SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-crop.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-g-ctrl SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-ctrl.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-g-enc-index SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-enc-index.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-g-ext-ctrls SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-ext-ctrls.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-g-fbuf SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-fbuf.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-g-fmt SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-fmt.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-g-frequency SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-frequency.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-g-input SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-input.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-g-jpegcomp SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-jpegcomp.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-g-modulator SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-modulator.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-g-output SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-output.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-g-parm SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-parm.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-g-priority SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-priority.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-g-sliced-vbi-cap SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-sliced-vbi-cap.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-g-std SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-std.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-g-tuner SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-tuner.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-log-status SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-log-status.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-overlay SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-overlay.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-qbuf SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-qbuf.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-querybuf SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-querybuf.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-querycap SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-querycap.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-queryctrl SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-queryctrl.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-querystd SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-querystd.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-reqbufs SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-reqbufs.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-s-hw-freq-seek SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-s-hw-freq-seek.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-streamon SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-streamon.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-capture-c SYSTEM "v4l/capture.c.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-keytable-c SYSTEM "v4l/keytable.c.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-v4l2grab-c SYSTEM "v4l/v4l2grab.c.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-videodev2-h SYSTEM "v4l/videodev2.h.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-v4l2 SYSTEM "v4l/v4l2.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-intro SYSTEM "dvb/intro.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-frontend SYSTEM "dvb/frontend.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-isdbt SYSTEM "dvb/isdbt.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-demux SYSTEM "dvb/demux.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-video SYSTEM "dvb/video.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-audio SYSTEM "dvb/audio.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-ca SYSTEM "dvb/ca.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-net SYSTEM "dvb/net.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-kdapi SYSTEM "dvb/kdapi.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-examples SYSTEM "dvb/examples.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-dvbapi SYSTEM "dvb/dvbapi.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-media SYSTEM "media.xml">
+<!ENTITY sub-media-entities SYSTEM "media-entities.tmpl">
+<!ENTITY sub-media-indices SYSTEM "media-indices.tmpl">
+
+<!-- Function Reference -->
+<!ENTITY close SYSTEM "v4l/func-close.xml">
+<!ENTITY ioctl SYSTEM "v4l/func-ioctl.xml">
+<!ENTITY mmap SYSTEM "v4l/func-mmap.xml">
+<!ENTITY munmap SYSTEM "v4l/func-munmap.xml">
+<!ENTITY open SYSTEM "v4l/func-open.xml">
+<!ENTITY poll SYSTEM "v4l/func-poll.xml">
+<!ENTITY read SYSTEM "v4l/func-read.xml">
+<!ENTITY select SYSTEM "v4l/func-select.xml">
+<!ENTITY write SYSTEM "v4l/func-write.xml">
+<!ENTITY grey SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-grey.xml">
+<!ENTITY nv12 SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-nv12.xml">
+<!ENTITY nv16 SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-nv16.xml">
+<!ENTITY packed-rgb SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-packed-rgb.xml">
+<!ENTITY packed-yuv SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-packed-yuv.xml">
+<!ENTITY sbggr16 SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-sbggr16.xml">
+<!ENTITY sbggr8 SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-sbggr8.xml">
+<!ENTITY sgbrg8 SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-sgbrg8.xml">
+<!ENTITY sgrbg8 SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-sgrbg8.xml">
+<!ENTITY uyvy SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-uyvy.xml">
+<!ENTITY vyuy SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-vyuy.xml">
+<!ENTITY y16 SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-y16.xml">
+<!ENTITY y41p SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-y41p.xml">
+<!ENTITY yuv410 SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-yuv410.xml">
+<!ENTITY yuv411p SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-yuv411p.xml">
+<!ENTITY yuv420 SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-yuv420.xml">
+<!ENTITY yuv422p SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-yuv422p.xml">
+<!ENTITY yuyv SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-yuyv.xml">
+<!ENTITY yvyu SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-yvyu.xml">
+<!ENTITY cropcap SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-cropcap.xml">
+<!ENTITY dbg-g-register SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-dbg-g-register.xml">
+<!ENTITY encoder-cmd SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-encoder-cmd.xml">
+<!ENTITY enum-fmt SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-enum-fmt.xml">
+<!ENTITY enum-frameintervals SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-enum-frameintervals.xml">
+<!ENTITY enum-framesizes SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-enum-framesizes.xml">
+<!ENTITY enumaudio SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-enumaudio.xml">
+<!ENTITY enumaudioout SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-enumaudioout.xml">
+<!ENTITY enuminput SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-enuminput.xml">
+<!ENTITY enumoutput SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-enumoutput.xml">
+<!ENTITY enumstd SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-enumstd.xml">
+<!ENTITY g-audio SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-audio.xml">
+<!ENTITY g-audioout SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-audioout.xml">
+<!ENTITY dbg-g-chip-ident SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-dbg-g-chip-ident.xml">
+<!ENTITY g-crop SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-crop.xml">
+<!ENTITY g-ctrl SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-ctrl.xml">
+<!ENTITY g-enc-index SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-enc-index.xml">
+<!ENTITY g-ext-ctrls SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-ext-ctrls.xml">
+<!ENTITY g-fbuf SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-fbuf.xml">
+<!ENTITY g-fmt SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-fmt.xml">
+<!ENTITY g-frequency SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-frequency.xml">
+<!ENTITY g-input SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-input.xml">
+<!ENTITY g-jpegcomp SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-jpegcomp.xml">
+<!ENTITY g-modulator SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-modulator.xml">
+<!ENTITY g-output SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-output.xml">
+<!ENTITY g-parm SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-parm.xml">
+<!ENTITY g-priority SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-priority.xml">
+<!ENTITY g-sliced-vbi-cap SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-sliced-vbi-cap.xml">
+<!ENTITY g-std SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-std.xml">
+<!ENTITY g-tuner SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-g-tuner.xml">
+<!ENTITY log-status SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-log-status.xml">
+<!ENTITY overlay SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-overlay.xml">
+<!ENTITY qbuf SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-qbuf.xml">
+<!ENTITY querybuf SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-querybuf.xml">
+<!ENTITY querycap SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-querycap.xml">
+<!ENTITY queryctrl SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-queryctrl.xml">
+<!ENTITY querystd SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-querystd.xml">
+<!ENTITY reqbufs SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-reqbufs.xml">
+<!ENTITY s-hw-freq-seek SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-s-hw-freq-seek.xml">
+<!ENTITY streamon SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-streamon.xml">
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/media-indices.tmpl b/Documentation/DocBook/media-indices.tmpl
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..9e30a236d74f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/media-indices.tmpl
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+<!-- Generated file! Do not edit. -->
+
+<index><title>List of Types</title>
+<indexentry><primaryie><link linkend='v4l2-std-id'>v4l2_std_id</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-buf-type'>v4l2_buf_type</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-colorspace'>v4l2_colorspace</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-ctrl-type'>v4l2_ctrl_type</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-exposure-auto-type'>v4l2_exposure_auto_type</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-field'>v4l2_field</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-frmivaltypes'>v4l2_frmivaltypes</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-frmsizetypes'>v4l2_frmsizetypes</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-memory'>v4l2_memory</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-audio-ac3-bitrate'>v4l2_mpeg_audio_ac3_bitrate</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-audio-crc'>v4l2_mpeg_audio_crc</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-audio-emphasis'>v4l2_mpeg_audio_emphasis</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-audio-encoding'>v4l2_mpeg_audio_encoding</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-audio-l1-bitrate'>v4l2_mpeg_audio_l1_bitrate</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-audio-l2-bitrate'>v4l2_mpeg_audio_l2_bitrate</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-audio-l3-bitrate'>v4l2_mpeg_audio_l3_bitrate</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-audio-mode'>v4l2_mpeg_audio_mode</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-audio-mode-extension'>v4l2_mpeg_audio_mode_extension</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-audio-sampling-freq'>v4l2_mpeg_audio_sampling_freq</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>enum&nbsp;<link linkend='chroma-spatial-filter-type'>v4l2_mpeg_cx2341x_video_chroma_spatial_filter_type</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>enum&nbsp;<link linkend='luma-spatial-filter-type'>v4l2_mpeg_cx2341x_video_luma_spatial_filter_type</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-cx2341x-video-median-filter-type'>v4l2_mpeg_cx2341x_video_median_filter_type</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-cx2341x-video-spatial-filter-mode'>v4l2_mpeg_cx2341x_video_spatial_filter_mode</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-cx2341x-video-temporal-filter-mode'>v4l2_mpeg_cx2341x_video_temporal_filter_mode</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-stream-type'>v4l2_mpeg_stream_type</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-stream-vbi-fmt'>v4l2_mpeg_stream_vbi_fmt</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-video-aspect'>v4l2_mpeg_video_aspect</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-video-bitrate-mode'>v4l2_mpeg_video_bitrate_mode</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-video-encoding'>v4l2_mpeg_video_encoding</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-power-line-frequency'>v4l2_power_line_frequency</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-priority'>v4l2_priority</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-tuner-type'>v4l2_tuner_type</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-preemphasis'>v4l2_preemphasis</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-audio'>v4l2_audio</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-audioout'>v4l2_audioout</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-buffer'>v4l2_buffer</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-capability'>v4l2_capability</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-captureparm'>v4l2_captureparm</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-clip'>v4l2_clip</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-control'>v4l2_control</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-crop'>v4l2_crop</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-cropcap'>v4l2_cropcap</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-dbg-chip-ident'>v4l2_dbg_chip_ident</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-dbg-match'>v4l2_dbg_match</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-dbg-register'>v4l2_dbg_register</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-enc-idx'>v4l2_enc_idx</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-enc-idx-entry'>v4l2_enc_idx_entry</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-encoder-cmd'>v4l2_encoder_cmd</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-ext-control'>v4l2_ext_control</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-ext-controls'>v4l2_ext_controls</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-fmtdesc'>v4l2_fmtdesc</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-format'>v4l2_format</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-fract'>v4l2_fract</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-framebuffer'>v4l2_framebuffer</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-frequency'>v4l2_frequency</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-frmival-stepwise'>v4l2_frmival_stepwise</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-frmivalenum'>v4l2_frmivalenum</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-frmsize-discrete'>v4l2_frmsize_discrete</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-frmsize-stepwise'>v4l2_frmsize_stepwise</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-frmsizeenum'>v4l2_frmsizeenum</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-hw-freq-seek'>v4l2_hw_freq_seek</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-input'>v4l2_input</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-jpegcompression'>v4l2_jpegcompression</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-modulator'>v4l2_modulator</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-vbi-fmt-ivtv'>v4l2_mpeg_vbi_fmt_ivtv</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-output'>v4l2_output</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-outputparm'>v4l2_outputparm</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-pix-format'>v4l2_pix_format</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-queryctrl'>v4l2_queryctrl</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-querymenu'>v4l2_querymenu</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-rect'>v4l2_rect</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-requestbuffers'>v4l2_requestbuffers</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-sliced-vbi-cap'>v4l2_sliced_vbi_cap</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-sliced-vbi-data'>v4l2_sliced_vbi_data</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-sliced-vbi-format'>v4l2_sliced_vbi_format</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-standard'>v4l2_standard</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-streamparm'>v4l2_streamparm</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-timecode'>v4l2_timecode</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-tuner'>v4l2_tuner</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-vbi-format'>v4l2_vbi_format</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+<indexentry><primaryie>struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-window'>v4l2_window</link></primaryie></indexentry>
+</index>
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/media.tmpl b/Documentation/DocBook/media.tmpl
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..eea564bb12cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/media.tmpl
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+<!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN"
+        "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.1.2/docbookx.dtd" [
+<!ENTITY % media-entities SYSTEM "./media-entities.tmpl"> %media-entities;
+<!ENTITY media-indices SYSTEM "./media-indices.tmpl">
+
+<!ENTITY eg                     "e.&nbsp;g.">
+<!ENTITY ie                     "i.&nbsp;e.">
+<!ENTITY fd                     "File descriptor returned by <link linkend='func-open'><function>open()</function></link>.">
+<!ENTITY i2c                    "I<superscript>2</superscript>C">
+<!ENTITY return-value           "<title>Return Value</title><para>On success <returnvalue>0</returnvalue> is returned, on error <returnvalue>-1</returnvalue> and the <varname>errno</varname> variable is set appropriately:</para>">
+<!ENTITY manvol                 "<manvolnum>2</manvolnum>">
+
+<!-- Table templates: structs, structs w/union, defines. -->
+<!ENTITY cs-str                 "<colspec colname='c1' colwidth='1*' /><colspec colname='c2' colwidth='1*' /><colspec colname='c3' colwidth='2*' /><spanspec spanname='hspan' namest='c1' nameend='c3' />">
+<!ENTITY cs-ustr                "<colspec colname='c1' colwidth='1*' /><colspec colname='c2' colwidth='1*' /><colspec colname='c3' colwidth='1*' /><colspec colname='c4' colwidth='2*' /><spanspec spanname='hspan' namest='c1' nameend='c4' />">
+<!ENTITY cs-def                 "<colspec colname='c1' colwidth='3*' /><colspec colname='c2' colwidth='1*' /><colspec colname='c3' colwidth='4*' /><spanspec spanname='hspan' namest='c1' nameend='c3' />">
+
+<!-- Video for Linux mailing list address. -->
+<!ENTITY v4l-ml                 "<ulink url='http://www.linuxtv.org/lists.php'>http://www.linuxtv.org/lists.php</ulink>">
+
+<!-- LinuxTV v4l-dvb repository. -->
+<!ENTITY v4l-dvb                "<ulink url='http://linuxtv.org/repo/'>http://linuxtv.org/repo/</ulink>">
+]>
+
+<book id="media_api">
+<bookinfo>
+<title>LINUX MEDIA INFRASTRUCTURE API</title>
+
+<copyright>
+        <year>2009</year>
+        <holder>LinuxTV Developers</holder>
+</copyright>
+
+<legalnotice>
+
+<para>Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify
+this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License,
+Version 1.1 or any later version published by the Free Software
+Foundation. A copy of the license is included in the chapter entitled
+"GNU Free Documentation License"</para>
+</legalnotice>
+
+</bookinfo>
+
+<toc></toc> <!-- autogenerated -->
+
+<preface>
+        <title>Introduction</title>
+
+        <para>This document covers the Linux Kernel to Userspace API's used by
+                video and radio straming devices, including video cameras,
+                analog and digital TV receiver cards, AM/FM receiver cards,
+                streaming capture devices.</para>
+        <para>It is divided into three parts.</para>
+        <para>The first part covers radio, capture,
+                cameras and analog TV devices.</para>
+        <para>The second part covers the
+                API used for digital TV and Internet reception via one of the
+                several digital tv standards. While it is called as DVB API,
+                in fact it covers several different video standards including
+                DVB-T, DVB-S, DVB-C and ATSC. The API is currently being updated
+                to documment support also for DVB-S2, ISDB-T and ISDB-S.</para>
+        <para>The third part covers other API's used by all media infrastructure devices</para>
+        <para>For additional information and for the latest development code,
+                see: <ulink url="http://linuxtv.org">http://linuxtv.org</ulink>.</para>
+        <para>For discussing improvements, reporting troubles, sending new drivers, etc, please mail to: <ulink url="http://vger.kernel.org/vger-lists.html#linux-media">Linux Media Mailing List (LMML).</ulink>.</para>
+
+</preface>
+
+<part id="v4l2spec">
+&sub-v4l2;
+</part>
+<part id="dvbapi">
+&sub-dvbapi;
+</part>
+<part id="v4ldvb_common">
+<partinfo>
+<authorgroup>
+<author>
+<firstname>Mauro</firstname>
+<surname>Chehab</surname>
+<othername role="mi">Carvalho</othername>
+<affiliation><address><email>mchehab@redhat.com</email></address></affiliation>
+<contrib>Initial version.</contrib>
+</author>
+</authorgroup>
+<copyright>
+        <year>2009</year>
+        <holder>Mauro Carvalho Chehab</holder>
+</copyright>
+
+<revhistory>
+<!-- Put document revisions here, newest first. -->
+<revision>
+<revnumber>1.0.0</revnumber>
+<date>2009-09-06</date>
+<authorinitials>mcc</authorinitials>
+<revremark>Initial revision</revremark>
+</revision>
+</revhistory>
+</partinfo>
+
+<title>Other API's used by media infrastructure drivers</title>
+<chapter id="remote_controllers">
+&sub-remote_controllers;
+</chapter>
+</part>
+
+&sub-fdl-appendix;
+
+</book>
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/mtdnand.tmpl b/Documentation/DocBook/mtdnand.tmpl
index 8e145857fc9d..df0d089d0fb9 100644
--- a/Documentation/DocBook/mtdnand.tmpl
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/mtdnand.tmpl
@@ -568,7 +568,7 @@ static void board_select_chip (struct mtd_info *mtd, int chip)
                         <para>
                                 The blocks in which the tables are stored are procteted against
                                 accidental access by marking them bad in the memory bad block
-                                table. The bad block table managment functions are allowed
+                                table. The bad block table management functions are allowed
                                 to circumvernt this protection.
                         </para>
                         <para>
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/scsi.tmpl b/Documentation/DocBook/scsi.tmpl
index 10a150ae2a7e..d87f4569e768 100644
--- a/Documentation/DocBook/scsi.tmpl
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/scsi.tmpl
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@
         <para>
           The SAS transport class contains common code to deal with SAS HBAs,
           an aproximated representation of SAS topologies in the driver model,
-          and various sysfs attributes to expose these topologies and managment
+          and various sysfs attributes to expose these topologies and management
           interfaces to userspace.
         </para>
         <para>
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/stylesheet.xsl b/Documentation/DocBook/stylesheet.xsl
index 974e17ccf106..254c1d5d2e50 100644
--- a/Documentation/DocBook/stylesheet.xsl
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/stylesheet.xsl
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 <param name="chunk.quietly">1</param>
 <param name="funcsynopsis.style">ansi</param>
 <param name="funcsynopsis.tabular.threshold">80</param>
+<param name="callout.graphics">0</param>
 <!-- <param name="paper.type">A4</param> -->
 <param name="generate.section.toc.level">2</param>
 </stylesheet>
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/.gitignore b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..d7ec32eafac9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+!*.xml
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/biblio.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/biblio.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..afc8a0dd2601
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/biblio.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+  <bibliography>
+    <title>References</title>
+
+    <biblioentry id="eia608">
+      <abbrev>EIA&nbsp;608-B</abbrev>
+      <authorgroup>
+        <corpauthor>Electronic Industries Alliance (<ulink
+url="http://www.eia.org">http://www.eia.org</ulink>)</corpauthor>
+      </authorgroup>
+      <title>EIA 608-B "Recommended Practice for Line 21 Data
+Service"</title>
+    </biblioentry>
+
+    <biblioentry id="en300294">
+      <abbrev>EN&nbsp;300&nbsp;294</abbrev>
+      <authorgroup>
+        <corpauthor>European Telecommunication Standards Institute
+(<ulink url="http://www.etsi.org">http://www.etsi.org</ulink>)</corpauthor>
+      </authorgroup>
+      <title>EN 300 294 "625-line television Wide Screen Signalling
+(WSS)"</title>
+    </biblioentry>
+
+    <biblioentry id="ets300231">
+      <abbrev>ETS&nbsp;300&nbsp;231</abbrev>
+      <authorgroup>
+        <corpauthor>European Telecommunication Standards Institute
+(<ulink
+url="http://www.etsi.org">http://www.etsi.org</ulink>)</corpauthor>
+      </authorgroup>
+      <title>ETS 300 231 "Specification of the domestic video
+Programme Delivery Control system (PDC)"</title>
+    </biblioentry>
+
+    <biblioentry id="ets300706">
+      <abbrev>ETS&nbsp;300&nbsp;706</abbrev>
+      <authorgroup>
+        <corpauthor>European Telecommunication Standards Institute
+(<ulink url="http://www.etsi.org">http://www.etsi.org</ulink>)</corpauthor>
+      </authorgroup>
+      <title>ETS 300 706 "Enhanced Teletext specification"</title>
+    </biblioentry>
+
+    <biblioentry id="mpeg2part1">
+      <abbrev>ISO&nbsp;13818-1</abbrev>
+      <authorgroup>
+        <corpauthor>International Telecommunication Union (<ulink
+url="http://www.itu.ch">http://www.itu.ch</ulink>), International
+Organisation for Standardisation (<ulink
+url="http://www.iso.ch">http://www.iso.ch</ulink>)</corpauthor>
+      </authorgroup>
+      <title>ITU-T Rec. H.222.0 | ISO/IEC 13818-1 "Information
+technology &mdash; Generic coding of moving pictures and associated
+audio information: Systems"</title>
+    </biblioentry>
+
+    <biblioentry id="mpeg2part2">
+      <abbrev>ISO&nbsp;13818-2</abbrev>
+      <authorgroup>
+        <corpauthor>International Telecommunication Union (<ulink
+url="http://www.itu.ch">http://www.itu.ch</ulink>), International
+Organisation for Standardisation (<ulink
+url="http://www.iso.ch">http://www.iso.ch</ulink>)</corpauthor>
+      </authorgroup>
+      <title>ITU-T Rec. H.262 | ISO/IEC 13818-2 "Information
+technology &mdash; Generic coding of moving pictures and associated
+audio information: Video"</title>
+    </biblioentry>
+
+    <biblioentry id="itu470">
+      <abbrev>ITU&nbsp;BT.470</abbrev>
+      <authorgroup>
+        <corpauthor>International Telecommunication Union (<ulink
+url="http://www.itu.ch">http://www.itu.ch</ulink>)</corpauthor>
+      </authorgroup>
+      <title>ITU-R Recommendation BT.470-6 "Conventional Television
+Systems"</title>
+    </biblioentry>
+
+    <biblioentry id="itu601">
+      <abbrev>ITU&nbsp;BT.601</abbrev>
+      <authorgroup>
+        <corpauthor>International Telecommunication Union (<ulink
+url="http://www.itu.ch">http://www.itu.ch</ulink>)</corpauthor>
+      </authorgroup>
+      <title>ITU-R Recommendation BT.601-5 "Studio Encoding Parameters
+of Digital Television for Standard 4:3 and Wide-Screen 16:9 Aspect
+Ratios"</title>
+    </biblioentry>
+
+    <biblioentry id="itu653">
+      <abbrev>ITU&nbsp;BT.653</abbrev>
+      <authorgroup>
+        <corpauthor>International Telecommunication Union (<ulink
+url="http://www.itu.ch">http://www.itu.ch</ulink>)</corpauthor>
+      </authorgroup>
+      <title>ITU-R Recommendation BT.653-3 "Teletext systems"</title>
+    </biblioentry>
+
+    <biblioentry id="itu709">
+      <abbrev>ITU&nbsp;BT.709</abbrev>
+      <authorgroup>
+        <corpauthor>International Telecommunication Union (<ulink
+url="http://www.itu.ch">http://www.itu.ch</ulink>)</corpauthor>
+      </authorgroup>
+      <title>ITU-R Recommendation BT.709-5 "Parameter values for the
+HDTV standards for production and international programme
+exchange"</title>
+    </biblioentry>
+
+    <biblioentry id="itu1119">
+      <abbrev>ITU&nbsp;BT.1119</abbrev>
+      <authorgroup>
+        <corpauthor>International Telecommunication Union (<ulink
+url="http://www.itu.ch">http://www.itu.ch</ulink>)</corpauthor>
+      </authorgroup>
+      <title>ITU-R Recommendation BT.1119 "625-line
+television Wide Screen Signalling (WSS)"</title>
+    </biblioentry>
+
+    <biblioentry id="jfif">
+      <abbrev>JFIF</abbrev>
+      <authorgroup>
+        <corpauthor>Independent JPEG Group (<ulink
+url="http://www.ijg.org">http://www.ijg.org</ulink>)</corpauthor>
+      </authorgroup>
+      <title>JPEG File Interchange Format</title>
+      <subtitle>Version 1.02</subtitle>
+    </biblioentry>
+
+    <biblioentry id="smpte12m">
+      <abbrev>SMPTE&nbsp;12M</abbrev>
+      <authorgroup>
+        <corpauthor>Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers
+(<ulink url="http://www.smpte.org">http://www.smpte.org</ulink>)</corpauthor>
+      </authorgroup>
+      <title>SMPTE 12M-1999 "Television, Audio and Film - Time and
+Control Code"</title>
+    </biblioentry>
+
+    <biblioentry id="smpte170m">
+      <abbrev>SMPTE&nbsp;170M</abbrev>
+      <authorgroup>
+        <corpauthor>Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers
+(<ulink url="http://www.smpte.org">http://www.smpte.org</ulink>)</corpauthor>
+      </authorgroup>
+      <title>SMPTE 170M-1999 "Television - Composite Analog Video
+Signal - NTSC for Studio Applications"</title>
+    </biblioentry>
+
+    <biblioentry id="smpte240m">
+      <abbrev>SMPTE&nbsp;240M</abbrev>
+      <authorgroup>
+        <corpauthor>Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers
+(<ulink url="http://www.smpte.org">http://www.smpte.org</ulink>)</corpauthor>
+      </authorgroup>
+      <title>SMPTE 240M-1999 "Television - Signal Parameters -
+1125-Line High-Definition Production"</title>
+    </biblioentry>
+
+    <biblioentry id="en50067">
+      <abbrev>EN&nbsp;50067</abbrev>
+      <authorgroup>
+        <corpauthor>European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
+(<ulink url="http://www.cenelec.eu">http://www.cenelec.eu</ulink>)</corpauthor>
+      </authorgroup>
+      <title>Specification of the radio data system (RDS) for VHF/FM sound broadcasting
+in the frequency range from 87,5 to 108,0 MHz</title>
+    </biblioentry>
+
+    <biblioentry id="nrsc4">
+      <abbrev>NRSC-4</abbrev>
+      <authorgroup>
+        <corpauthor>National Radio Systems Committee
+(<ulink url="http://www.nrscstandards.org">http://www.nrscstandards.org</ulink>)</corpauthor>
+      </authorgroup>
+      <title>NTSC-4: United States RBDS Standard</title>
+    </biblioentry>
+
+  </bibliography>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/capture.c.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/capture.c.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..1c5c49a2de59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/capture.c.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,659 @@
+<programlisting>
+/*
+ *  V4L2 video capture example
+ *
+ *  This program can be used and distributed without restrictions.
+ *
+ *      This program is provided with the V4L2 API
+ * see http://linuxtv.org/docs.php for more information
+ */
+
+#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;
+#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;
+#include &lt;string.h&gt;
+#include &lt;assert.h&gt;
+
+#include &lt;getopt.h&gt;             /* getopt_long() */
+
+#include &lt;fcntl.h&gt;              /* low-level i/o */
+#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;
+#include &lt;errno.h&gt;
+#include &lt;sys/stat.h&gt;
+#include &lt;sys/types.h&gt;
+#include &lt;sys/time.h&gt;
+#include &lt;sys/mman.h&gt;
+#include &lt;sys/ioctl.h&gt;
+
+#include &lt;linux/videodev2.h&gt;
+
+#define CLEAR(x) memset(&amp;(x), 0, sizeof(x))
+
+enum io_method {
+        IO_METHOD_READ,
+        IO_METHOD_MMAP,
+        IO_METHOD_USERPTR,
+};
+
+struct buffer {
+        void   *start;
+        size_t  length;
+};
+
+static char            *dev_name;
+static enum io_method   io = IO_METHOD_MMAP;
+static int              fd = -1;
+struct buffer          *buffers;
+static unsigned int     n_buffers;
+static int              out_buf;
+static int              force_format;
+static int              frame_count = 70;
+
+static void errno_exit(const char *s)
+{
+        fprintf(stderr, "%s error %d, %s\n", s, errno, strerror(errno));
+        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+static int xioctl(int fh, int request, void *arg)
+{
+        int r;
+
+        do {
+                r = ioctl(fh, request, arg);
+        } while (-1 == r &amp;&amp; EINTR == errno);
+
+        return r;
+}
+
+static void process_image(const void *p, int size)
+{
+        if (out_buf)
+                fwrite(p, size, 1, stdout);
+
+        fflush(stderr);
+        fprintf(stderr, ".");
+        fflush(stdout);
+}
+
+static int read_frame(void)
+{
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-buffer">v4l2_buffer</link> buf;
+        unsigned int i;
+
+        switch (io) {
+        case IO_METHOD_READ:
+                if (-1 == read(fd, buffers[0].start, buffers[0].length)) {
+                        switch (errno) {
+                        case EAGAIN:
+                                return 0;
+
+                        case EIO:
+                                /* Could ignore EIO, see spec. */
+
+                                /* fall through */
+
+                        default:
+                                errno_exit("read");
+                        }
+                }
+
+                process_image(buffers[0].start, buffers[0].length);
+                break;
+
+        case IO_METHOD_MMAP:
+                CLEAR(buf);
+
+                buf.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+                buf.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
+
+                if (-1 == xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_DQBUF, &amp;buf)) {
+                        switch (errno) {
+                        case EAGAIN:
+                                return 0;
+
+                        case EIO:
+                                /* Could ignore EIO, see spec. */
+
+                                /* fall through */
+
+                        default:
+                                errno_exit("VIDIOC_DQBUF");
+                        }
+                }
+
+                assert(buf.index &lt; n_buffers);
+
+                process_image(buffers[buf.index].start, buf.bytesused);
+
+                if (-1 == xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_QBUF, &amp;buf))
+                        errno_exit("VIDIOC_QBUF");
+                break;
+
+        case IO_METHOD_USERPTR:
+                CLEAR(buf);
+
+                buf.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+                buf.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_USERPTR;
+
+                if (-1 == xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_DQBUF, &amp;buf)) {
+                        switch (errno) {
+                        case EAGAIN:
+                                return 0;
+
+                        case EIO:
+                                /* Could ignore EIO, see spec. */
+
+                                /* fall through */
+
+                        default:
+                                errno_exit("VIDIOC_DQBUF");
+                        }
+                }
+
+                for (i = 0; i &lt; n_buffers; ++i)
+                        if (buf.m.userptr == (unsigned long)buffers[i].start
+                            &amp;&amp; buf.length == buffers[i].length)
+                                break;
+
+                assert(i &lt; n_buffers);
+
+                process_image((void *)buf.m.userptr, buf.bytesused);
+
+                if (-1 == xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_QBUF, &amp;buf))
+                        errno_exit("VIDIOC_QBUF");
+                break;
+        }
+
+        return 1;
+}
+
+static void mainloop(void)
+{
+        unsigned int count;
+
+        count = frame_count;
+
+        while (count-- &gt; 0) {
+                for (;;) {
+                        fd_set fds;
+                        struct timeval tv;
+                        int r;
+
+                        FD_ZERO(&amp;fds);
+                        FD_SET(fd, &amp;fds);
+
+                        /* Timeout. */
+                        tv.tv_sec = 2;
+                        tv.tv_usec = 0;
+
+                        r = select(fd + 1, &amp;fds, NULL, NULL, &amp;tv);
+
+                        if (-1 == r) {
+                                if (EINTR == errno)
+                                        continue;
+                                errno_exit("select");
+                        }
+
+                        if (0 == r) {
+                                fprintf(stderr, "select timeout\n");
+                                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+                        }
+
+                        if (read_frame())
+                                break;
+                        /* EAGAIN - continue select loop. */
+                }
+        }
+}
+
+static void stop_capturing(void)
+{
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-buf-type">v4l2_buf_type</link> type;
+
+        switch (io) {
+        case IO_METHOD_READ:
+                /* Nothing to do. */
+                break;
+
+        case IO_METHOD_MMAP:
+        case IO_METHOD_USERPTR:
+                type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+                if (-1 == xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_STREAMOFF, &amp;type))
+                        errno_exit("VIDIOC_STREAMOFF");
+                break;
+        }
+}
+
+static void start_capturing(void)
+{
+        unsigned int i;
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-buf-type">v4l2_buf_type</link> type;
+
+        switch (io) {
+        case IO_METHOD_READ:
+                /* Nothing to do. */
+                break;
+
+        case IO_METHOD_MMAP:
+                for (i = 0; i &lt; n_buffers; ++i) {
+                        struct <link linkend="v4l2-buffer">v4l2_buffer</link> buf;
+
+                        CLEAR(buf);
+                        buf.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+                        buf.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
+                        buf.index = i;
+
+                        if (-1 == xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_QBUF, &amp;buf))
+                                errno_exit("VIDIOC_QBUF");
+                }
+                type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+                if (-1 == xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_STREAMON, &amp;type))
+                        errno_exit("VIDIOC_STREAMON");
+                break;
+
+        case IO_METHOD_USERPTR:
+                for (i = 0; i &lt; n_buffers; ++i) {
+                        struct <link linkend="v4l2-buffer">v4l2_buffer</link> buf;
+
+                        CLEAR(buf);
+                        buf.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+                        buf.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_USERPTR;
+                        buf.index = i;
+                        buf.m.userptr = (unsigned long)buffers[i].start;
+                        buf.length = buffers[i].length;
+
+                        if (-1 == xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_QBUF, &amp;buf))
+                                errno_exit("VIDIOC_QBUF");
+                }
+                type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+                if (-1 == xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_STREAMON, &amp;type))
+                        errno_exit("VIDIOC_STREAMON");
+                break;
+        }
+}
+
+static void uninit_device(void)
+{
+        unsigned int i;
+
+        switch (io) {
+        case IO_METHOD_READ:
+                free(buffers[0].start);
+                break;
+
+        case IO_METHOD_MMAP:
+                for (i = 0; i &lt; n_buffers; ++i)
+                        if (-1 == munmap(buffers[i].start, buffers[i].length))
+                                errno_exit("munmap");
+                break;
+
+        case IO_METHOD_USERPTR:
+                for (i = 0; i &lt; n_buffers; ++i)
+                        free(buffers[i].start);
+                break;
+        }
+
+        free(buffers);
+}
+
+static void init_read(unsigned int buffer_size)
+{
+        buffers = calloc(1, sizeof(*buffers));
+
+        if (!buffers) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
+                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+
+        buffers[0].length = buffer_size;
+        buffers[0].start = malloc(buffer_size);
+
+        if (!buffers[0].start) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
+                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+}
+
+static void init_mmap(void)
+{
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-requestbuffers">v4l2_requestbuffers</link> req;
+
+        CLEAR(req);
+
+        req.count = 4;
+        req.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+        req.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
+
+        if (-1 == xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_REQBUFS, &amp;req)) {
+                if (EINVAL == errno) {
+                        fprintf(stderr, "%s does not support "
+                                 "memory mapping\n", dev_name);
+                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+                } else {
+                        errno_exit("VIDIOC_REQBUFS");
+                }
+        }
+
+        if (req.count &lt; 2) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "Insufficient buffer memory on %s\n",
+                         dev_name);
+                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+
+        buffers = calloc(req.count, sizeof(*buffers));
+
+        if (!buffers) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
+                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+
+        for (n_buffers = 0; n_buffers &lt; req.count; ++n_buffers) {
+                struct <link linkend="v4l2-buffer">v4l2_buffer</link> buf;
+
+                CLEAR(buf);
+
+                buf.type        = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+                buf.memory      = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
+                buf.index       = n_buffers;
+
+                if (-1 == xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_QUERYBUF, &amp;buf))
+                        errno_exit("VIDIOC_QUERYBUF");
+
+                buffers[n_buffers].length = buf.length;
+                buffers[n_buffers].start =
+                        mmap(NULL /* start anywhere */,
+                              buf.length,
+                              PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE /* required */,
+                              MAP_SHARED /* recommended */,
+                              fd, buf.m.offset);
+
+                if (MAP_FAILED == buffers[n_buffers].start)
+                        errno_exit("mmap");
+        }
+}
+
+static void init_userp(unsigned int buffer_size)
+{
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-requestbuffers">v4l2_requestbuffers</link> req;
+
+        CLEAR(req);
+
+        req.count  = 4;
+        req.type   = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+        req.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_USERPTR;
+
+        if (-1 == xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_REQBUFS, &amp;req)) {
+                if (EINVAL == errno) {
+                        fprintf(stderr, "%s does not support "
+                                 "user pointer i/o\n", dev_name);
+                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+                } else {
+                        errno_exit("VIDIOC_REQBUFS");
+                }
+        }
+
+        buffers = calloc(4, sizeof(*buffers));
+
+        if (!buffers) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
+                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+
+        for (n_buffers = 0; n_buffers &lt; 4; ++n_buffers) {
+                buffers[n_buffers].length = buffer_size;
+                buffers[n_buffers].start = malloc(buffer_size);
+
+                if (!buffers[n_buffers].start) {
+                        fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
+                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+                }
+        }
+}
+
+static void init_device(void)
+{
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-capability">v4l2_capability</link> cap;
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-cropcap">v4l2_cropcap</link> cropcap;
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-crop">v4l2_crop</link> crop;
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-format">v4l2_format</link> fmt;
+        unsigned int min;
+
+        if (-1 == xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_QUERYCAP, &amp;cap)) {
+                if (EINVAL == errno) {
+                        fprintf(stderr, "%s is no V4L2 device\n",
+                                 dev_name);
+                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+                } else {
+                        errno_exit("VIDIOC_QUERYCAP");
+                }
+        }
+
+        if (!(cap.capabilities &amp; V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_CAPTURE)) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "%s is no video capture device\n",
+                         dev_name);
+                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+
+        switch (io) {
+        case IO_METHOD_READ:
+                if (!(cap.capabilities &amp; V4L2_CAP_READWRITE)) {
+                        fprintf(stderr, "%s does not support read i/o\n",
+                                 dev_name);
+                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+                }
+                break;
+
+        case IO_METHOD_MMAP:
+        case IO_METHOD_USERPTR:
+                if (!(cap.capabilities &amp; V4L2_CAP_STREAMING)) {
+                        fprintf(stderr, "%s does not support streaming i/o\n",
+                                 dev_name);
+                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+                }
+                break;
+        }
+
+
+        /* Select video input, video standard and tune here. */
+
+
+        CLEAR(cropcap);
+
+        cropcap.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+
+        if (0 == xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_CROPCAP, &amp;cropcap)) {
+                crop.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+                crop.c = cropcap.defrect; /* reset to default */
+
+                if (-1 == xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_S_CROP, &amp;crop)) {
+                        switch (errno) {
+                        case EINVAL:
+                                /* Cropping not supported. */
+                                break;
+                        default:
+                                /* Errors ignored. */
+                                break;
+                        }
+                }
+        } else {
+                /* Errors ignored. */
+        }
+
+
+        CLEAR(fmt);
+
+        fmt.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+        if (force_format) {
+                fmt.fmt.pix.width       = 640;
+                fmt.fmt.pix.height      = 480;
+                fmt.fmt.pix.pixelformat = V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV;
+                fmt.fmt.pix.field       = V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED;
+
+                if (-1 == xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_S_FMT, &amp;fmt))
+                        errno_exit("VIDIOC_S_FMT");
+
+                /* Note VIDIOC_S_FMT may change width and height. */
+        } else {
+                /* Preserve original settings as set by v4l2-ctl for example */
+                if (-1 == xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_G_FMT, &amp;fmt))
+                        errno_exit("VIDIOC_G_FMT");
+        }
+
+        /* Buggy driver paranoia. */
+        min = fmt.fmt.pix.width * 2;
+        if (fmt.fmt.pix.bytesperline &lt; min)
+                fmt.fmt.pix.bytesperline = min;
+        min = fmt.fmt.pix.bytesperline * fmt.fmt.pix.height;
+        if (fmt.fmt.pix.sizeimage &lt; min)
+                fmt.fmt.pix.sizeimage = min;
+
+        switch (io) {
+        case IO_METHOD_READ:
+                init_read(fmt.fmt.pix.sizeimage);
+                break;
+
+        case IO_METHOD_MMAP:
+                init_mmap();
+                break;
+
+        case IO_METHOD_USERPTR:
+                init_userp(fmt.fmt.pix.sizeimage);
+                break;
+        }
+}
+
+static void close_device(void)
+{
+        if (-1 == close(fd))
+                errno_exit("close");
+
+        fd = -1;
+}
+
+static void open_device(void)
+{
+        struct stat st;
+
+        if (-1 == stat(dev_name, &amp;st)) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "Cannot identify '%s': %d, %s\n",
+                         dev_name, errno, strerror(errno));
+                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+
+        if (!S_ISCHR(st.st_mode)) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "%s is no device\n", dev_name);
+                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+
+        fd = open(dev_name, O_RDWR /* required */ | O_NONBLOCK, 0);
+
+        if (-1 == fd) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "Cannot open '%s': %d, %s\n",
+                         dev_name, errno, strerror(errno));
+                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+}
+
+static void usage(FILE *fp, int argc, char **argv)
+{
+        fprintf(fp,
+                 "Usage: %s [options]\n\n"
+                 "Version 1.3\n"
+                 "Options:\n"
+                 "-d | --device name   Video device name [%s]\n"
+                 "-h | --help          Print this message\n"
+                 "-m | --mmap          Use memory mapped buffers [default]\n"
+                 "-r | --read          Use read() calls\n"
+                 "-u | --userp         Use application allocated buffers\n"
+                 "-o | --output        Outputs stream to stdout\n"
+                 "-f | --format        Force format to 640x480 YUYV\n"
+                 "-c | --count         Number of frames to grab [%i]\n"
+                 "",
+                 argv[0], dev_name, frame_count);
+}
+
+static const char short_options[] = "d:hmruofc:";
+
+static const struct option
+long_options[] = {
+        { "device", required_argument, NULL, 'd' },
+        { "help",   no_argument,       NULL, 'h' },
+        { "mmap",   no_argument,       NULL, 'm' },
+        { "read",   no_argument,       NULL, 'r' },
+        { "userp",  no_argument,       NULL, 'u' },
+        { "output", no_argument,       NULL, 'o' },
+        { "format", no_argument,       NULL, 'f' },
+        { "count",  required_argument, NULL, 'c' },
+        { 0, 0, 0, 0 }
+};
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+        dev_name = "/dev/video0";
+
+        for (;;) {
+                int idx;
+                int c;
+
+                c = getopt_long(argc, argv,
+                                short_options, long_options, &amp;idx);
+
+                if (-1 == c)
+                        break;
+
+                switch (c) {
+                case 0: /* getopt_long() flag */
+                        break;
+
+                case 'd':
+                        dev_name = optarg;
+                        break;
+
+                case 'h':
+                        usage(stdout, argc, argv);
+                        exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
+
+                case 'm':
+                        io = IO_METHOD_MMAP;
+                        break;
+
+                case 'r':
+                        io = IO_METHOD_READ;
+                        break;
+
+                case 'u':
+                        io = IO_METHOD_USERPTR;
+                        break;
+
+                case 'o':
+                        out_buf++;
+                        break;
+
+                case 'f':
+                        force_format++;
+                        break;
+
+                case 'c':
+                        errno = 0;
+                        frame_count = strtol(optarg, NULL, 0);
+                        if (errno)
+                                errno_exit(optarg);
+                        break;
+
+                default:
+                        usage(stderr, argc, argv);
+                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+                }
+        }
+
+        open_device();
+        init_device();
+        start_capturing();
+        mainloop();
+        stop_capturing();
+        uninit_device();
+        close_device();
+        fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+        return 0;
+}
+</programlisting>
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/common.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/common.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b1a81d246d58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/common.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,1160 @@
+  <title>Common API Elements</title>
+
+  <para>Programming a V4L2 device consists of these
+steps:</para>
+
+  <itemizedlist>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>Opening the device</para>
+    </listitem>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>Changing device properties, selecting a video and audio
+input, video standard, picture brightness a.&nbsp;o.</para>
+    </listitem>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>Negotiating a data format</para>
+    </listitem>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>Negotiating an input/output method</para>
+    </listitem>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>The actual input/output loop</para>
+    </listitem>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>Closing the device</para>
+    </listitem>
+  </itemizedlist>
+
+  <para>In practice most steps are optional and can be executed out of
+order. It depends on the V4L2 device type, you can read about the
+details in <xref linkend="devices" />. In this chapter we will discuss
+the basic concepts applicable to all devices.</para>
+
+  <section id="open">
+    <title>Opening and Closing Devices</title>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Device Naming</title>
+
+      <para>V4L2 drivers are implemented as kernel modules, loaded
+manually by the system administrator or automatically when a device is
+first opened. The driver modules plug into the "videodev" kernel
+module. It provides helper functions and a common application
+interface specified in this document.</para>
+
+      <para>Each driver thus loaded registers one or more device nodes
+with major number 81 and a minor number between 0 and 255. Assigning
+minor numbers to V4L2 devices is entirely up to the system administrator,
+this is primarily intended to solve conflicts between devices.<footnote>
+          <para>Access permissions are associated with character
+device special files, hence we must ensure device numbers cannot
+change with the module load order. To this end minor numbers are no
+longer automatically assigned by the "videodev" module as in V4L but
+requested by the driver. The defaults will suffice for most people
+unless two drivers compete for the same minor numbers.</para>
+        </footnote> The module options to select minor numbers are named
+after the device special file with a "_nr" suffix. For example "video_nr"
+for <filename>/dev/video</filename> video capture devices. The number is
+an offset to the base minor number associated with the device type.
+<footnote>
+          <para>In earlier versions of the V4L2 API the module options
+where named after the device special file with a "unit_" prefix, expressing
+the minor number itself, not an offset. Rationale for this change is unknown.
+Lastly the naming and semantics are just a convention among driver writers,
+the point to note is that minor numbers are not supposed to be hardcoded
+into drivers.</para>
+        </footnote> When the driver supports multiple devices of the same
+type more than one minor number can be assigned, separated by commas:
+<informalexample>
+          <screen>
+&gt; insmod mydriver.o video_nr=0,1 radio_nr=0,1</screen>
+        </informalexample></para>
+
+      <para>In <filename>/etc/modules.conf</filename> this may be
+written as: <informalexample>
+          <screen>
+alias char-major-81-0 mydriver
+alias char-major-81-1 mydriver
+alias char-major-81-64 mydriver              <co id="alias" />
+options mydriver video_nr=0,1 radio_nr=0,1   <co id="options" />
+          </screen>
+          <calloutlist>
+            <callout arearefs="alias">
+              <para>When an application attempts to open a device
+special file with major number 81 and minor number 0, 1, or 64, load
+"mydriver" (and the "videodev" module it depends upon).</para>
+            </callout>
+            <callout arearefs="options">
+              <para>Register the first two video capture devices with
+minor number 0 and 1 (base number is 0), the first two radio device
+with minor number 64 and 65 (base 64).</para>
+            </callout>
+          </calloutlist>
+        </informalexample> When no minor number is given as module
+option the driver supplies a default. <xref linkend="devices" />
+recommends the base minor numbers to be used for the various device
+types. Obviously minor numbers must be unique. When the number is
+already in use the <emphasis>offending device</emphasis> will not be
+registered. <!-- Blessed by Linus Torvalds on
+linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, 2002-11-20. --></para>
+
+      <para>By convention system administrators create various
+character device special files with these major and minor numbers in
+the <filename>/dev</filename> directory. The names recomended for the
+different V4L2 device types are listed in <xref linkend="devices" />.
+</para>
+
+      <para>The creation of character special files (with
+<application>mknod</application>) is a privileged operation and
+devices cannot be opened by major and minor number. That means
+applications cannot <emphasis>reliable</emphasis> scan for loaded or
+installed drivers. The user must enter a device name, or the
+application can try the conventional device names.</para>
+
+      <para>Under the device filesystem (devfs) the minor number
+options are ignored. V4L2 drivers (or by proxy the "videodev" module)
+automatically create the required device files in the
+<filename>/dev/v4l</filename> directory using the conventional device
+names above.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section id="related">
+      <title>Related Devices</title>
+
+      <para>Devices can support several related functions. For example
+video capturing, video overlay and VBI capturing are related because
+these functions share, amongst other, the same video input and tuner
+frequency. V4L and earlier versions of V4L2 used the same device name
+and minor number for video capturing and overlay, but different ones
+for VBI. Experience showed this approach has several problems<footnote>
+          <para>Given a device file name one cannot reliable find
+related devices. For once names are arbitrary and in a system with
+multiple devices, where only some support VBI capturing, a
+<filename>/dev/video2</filename> is not necessarily related to
+<filename>/dev/vbi2</filename>. The V4L
+<constant>VIDIOCGUNIT</constant> ioctl would require a search for a
+device file with a particular major and minor number.</para>
+        </footnote>, and to make things worse the V4L videodev module
+used to prohibit multiple opens of a device.</para>
+
+      <para>As a remedy the present version of the V4L2 API relaxed the
+concept of device types with specific names and minor numbers. For
+compatibility with old applications drivers must still register different
+minor numbers to assign a default function to the device. But if related
+functions are supported by the driver they must be available under all
+registered minor numbers. The desired function can be selected after
+opening the device as described in <xref linkend="devices" />.</para>
+
+      <para>Imagine a driver supporting video capturing, video
+overlay, raw VBI capturing, and FM radio reception. It registers three
+devices with minor number 0, 64 and 224 (this numbering scheme is
+inherited from the V4L API). Regardless if
+<filename>/dev/video</filename> (81, 0) or
+<filename>/dev/vbi</filename> (81, 224) is opened the application can
+select any one of the video capturing, overlay or VBI capturing
+functions. Without programming (e.&nbsp;g. reading from the device
+with <application>dd</application> or <application>cat</application>)
+<filename>/dev/video</filename> captures video images, while
+<filename>/dev/vbi</filename> captures raw VBI data.
+<filename>/dev/radio</filename> (81, 64) is invariable a radio device,
+unrelated to the video functions. Being unrelated does not imply the
+devices can be used at the same time, however. The &func-open;
+function may very well return an &EBUSY;.</para>
+
+      <para>Besides video input or output the hardware may also
+support audio sampling or playback. If so, these functions are
+implemented as OSS or ALSA PCM devices and eventually OSS or ALSA
+audio mixer. The V4L2 API makes no provisions yet to find these
+related devices. If you have an idea please write to the linux-media
+mailing list: &v4l-ml;.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Multiple Opens</title>
+
+      <para>In general, V4L2 devices can be opened more than once.
+When this is supported by the driver, users can for example start a
+"panel" application to change controls like brightness or audio
+volume, while another application captures video and audio. In other words, panel
+applications are comparable to an OSS or ALSA audio mixer application.
+When a device supports multiple functions like capturing and overlay
+<emphasis>simultaneously</emphasis>, multiple opens allow concurrent
+use of the device by forked processes or specialized applications.</para>
+
+      <para>Multiple opens are optional, although drivers should
+permit at least concurrent accesses without data exchange, &ie; panel
+applications. This implies &func-open; can return an &EBUSY; when the
+device is already in use, as well as &func-ioctl; functions initiating
+data exchange (namely the &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl), and the &func-read;
+and &func-write; functions.</para>
+
+      <para>Mere opening a V4L2 device does not grant exclusive
+access.<footnote>
+          <para>Drivers could recognize the
+<constant>O_EXCL</constant> open flag. Presently this is not required,
+so applications cannot know if it really works.</para>
+        </footnote> Initiating data exchange however assigns the right
+to read or write the requested type of data, and to change related
+properties, to this file descriptor. Applications can request
+additional access privileges using the priority mechanism described in
+<xref linkend="app-pri" />.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Shared Data Streams</title>
+
+      <para>V4L2 drivers should not support multiple applications
+reading or writing the same data stream on a device by copying
+buffers, time multiplexing or similar means. This is better handled by
+a proxy application in user space. When the driver supports stream
+sharing anyway it must be implemented transparently. The V4L2 API does
+not specify how conflicts are solved. <!-- For example O_EXCL when the
+application does not want to be preempted, PROT_READ mmapped buffers
+which can be mapped twice, what happens when image formats do not
+match etc.--></para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Functions</title>
+
+    <para>To open and close V4L2 devices applications use the
+&func-open; and &func-close; function, respectively. Devices are
+programmed using the &func-ioctl; function as explained in the
+following sections.</para>
+    </section>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="querycap">
+    <title>Querying Capabilities</title>
+
+    <para>Because V4L2 covers a wide variety of devices not all
+aspects of the API are equally applicable to all types of devices.
+Furthermore devices of the same type have different capabilities and
+this specification permits the omission of a few complicated and less
+important parts of the API.</para>
+
+    <para>The &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl is available to check if the kernel
+device is compatible with this specification, and to query the <link
+linkend="devices">functions</link> and <link linkend="io">I/O
+methods</link> supported by the device. Other features can be queried
+by calling the respective ioctl, for example &VIDIOC-ENUMINPUT;
+to learn about the number, types and names of video connectors on the
+device. Although abstraction is a major objective of this API, the
+ioctl also allows driver specific applications to reliable identify
+the driver.</para>
+
+    <para>All V4L2 drivers must support
+<constant>VIDIOC_QUERYCAP</constant>. Applications should always call
+this ioctl after opening the device.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="app-pri">
+    <title>Application Priority</title>
+
+    <para>When multiple applications share a device it may be
+desirable to assign them different priorities. Contrary to the
+traditional "rm -rf /" school of thought a video recording application
+could for example block other applications from changing video
+controls or switching the current TV channel. Another objective is to
+permit low priority applications working in background, which can be
+preempted by user controlled applications and automatically regain
+control of the device at a later time.</para>
+
+    <para>Since these features cannot be implemented entirely in user
+space V4L2 defines the &VIDIOC-G-PRIORITY; and &VIDIOC-S-PRIORITY;
+ioctls to request and query the access priority associate with a file
+descriptor. Opening a device assigns a medium priority, compatible
+with earlier versions of V4L2 and drivers not supporting these ioctls.
+Applications requiring a different priority will usually call
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_PRIORITY</constant> after verifying the device with
+the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl.</para>
+
+    <para>Ioctls changing driver properties, such as &VIDIOC-S-INPUT;,
+return an &EBUSY; after another application obtained higher priority.
+An event mechanism to notify applications about asynchronous property
+changes has been proposed but not added yet.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="video">
+    <title>Video Inputs and Outputs</title>
+
+    <para>Video inputs and outputs are physical connectors of a
+device. These can be for example RF connectors (antenna/cable), CVBS
+a.k.a. Composite Video, S-Video or RGB connectors. Only video and VBI
+capture devices have inputs, output devices have outputs, at least one
+each. Radio devices have no video inputs or outputs.</para>
+
+    <para>To learn about the number and attributes of the
+available inputs and outputs applications can enumerate them with the
+&VIDIOC-ENUMINPUT; and &VIDIOC-ENUMOUTPUT; ioctl, respectively. The
+&v4l2-input; returned by the <constant>VIDIOC_ENUMINPUT</constant>
+ioctl also contains signal status information applicable when the
+current video input is queried.</para>
+
+    <para>The &VIDIOC-G-INPUT; and &VIDIOC-G-OUTPUT; ioctl return the
+index of the current video input or output. To select a different
+input or output applications call the &VIDIOC-S-INPUT; and
+&VIDIOC-S-OUTPUT; ioctl. Drivers must implement all the input ioctls
+when the device has one or more inputs, all the output ioctls when the
+device has one or more outputs.</para>
+
+    <!--
+    <figure id=io-tree>
+      <title>Input and output enumeration is the root of most device properties.</title>
+      <mediaobject>
+        <imageobject>
+          <imagedata fileref="links.pdf" format="ps" />
+        </imageobject>
+        <imageobject>
+          <imagedata fileref="links.gif" format="gif" />
+        </imageobject>
+        <textobject>
+          <phrase>Links between various device property structures.</phrase>
+        </textobject>
+      </mediaobject>
+    </figure>
+    -->
+
+    <example>
+      <title>Information about the current video input</title>
+
+      <programlisting>
+&v4l2-input; input;
+int index;
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-G-INPUT;, &amp;index)) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_G_INPUT");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+memset (&amp;input, 0, sizeof (input));
+input.index = index;
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-ENUMINPUT;, &amp;input)) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_ENUMINPUT");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+printf ("Current input: %s\n", input.name);
+      </programlisting>
+    </example>
+
+    <example>
+      <title>Switching to the first video input</title>
+
+      <programlisting>
+int index;
+
+index = 0;
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-S-INPUT;, &amp;index)) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_S_INPUT");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+      </programlisting>
+    </example>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="audio">
+    <title>Audio Inputs and Outputs</title>
+
+    <para>Audio inputs and outputs are physical connectors of a
+device. Video capture devices have inputs, output devices have
+outputs, zero or more each. Radio devices have no audio inputs or
+outputs. They have exactly one tuner which in fact
+<emphasis>is</emphasis> an audio source, but this API associates
+tuners with video inputs or outputs only, and radio devices have
+none of these.<footnote>
+        <para>Actually &v4l2-audio; ought to have a
+<structfield>tuner</structfield> field like &v4l2-input;, not only
+making the API more consistent but also permitting radio devices with
+multiple tuners.</para>
+      </footnote> A connector on a TV card to loop back the received
+audio signal to a sound card is not considered an audio output.</para>
+
+    <para>Audio and video inputs and outputs are associated. Selecting
+a video source also selects an audio source. This is most evident when
+the video and audio source is a tuner. Further audio connectors can
+combine with more than one video input or output. Assumed two
+composite video inputs and two audio inputs exist, there may be up to
+four valid combinations. The relation of video and audio connectors
+is defined in the <structfield>audioset</structfield> field of the
+respective &v4l2-input; or &v4l2-output;, where each bit represents
+the index number, starting at zero, of one audio input or output.</para>
+
+    <para>To learn about the number and attributes of the
+available inputs and outputs applications can enumerate them with the
+&VIDIOC-ENUMAUDIO; and &VIDIOC-ENUMAUDOUT; ioctl, respectively. The
+&v4l2-audio; returned by the <constant>VIDIOC_ENUMAUDIO</constant> ioctl
+also contains signal status information applicable when the current
+audio input is queried.</para>
+
+    <para>The &VIDIOC-G-AUDIO; and &VIDIOC-G-AUDOUT; ioctl report
+the current audio input and output, respectively. Note that, unlike
+&VIDIOC-G-INPUT; and &VIDIOC-G-OUTPUT; these ioctls return a structure
+as <constant>VIDIOC_ENUMAUDIO</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_ENUMAUDOUT</constant> do, not just an index.</para>
+
+    <para>To select an audio input and change its properties
+applications call the &VIDIOC-S-AUDIO; ioctl. To select an audio
+output (which presently has no changeable properties) applications
+call the &VIDIOC-S-AUDOUT; ioctl.</para>
+
+    <para>Drivers must implement all input ioctls when the device
+has one or more inputs, all output ioctls when the device has one
+or more outputs. When the device has any audio inputs or outputs the
+driver must set the <constant>V4L2_CAP_AUDIO</constant> flag in the
+&v4l2-capability; returned by the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl.</para>
+
+    <example>
+      <title>Information about the current audio input</title>
+
+      <programlisting>
+&v4l2-audio; audio;
+
+memset (&amp;audio, 0, sizeof (audio));
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-G-AUDIO;, &amp;audio)) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_G_AUDIO");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+printf ("Current input: %s\n", audio.name);
+      </programlisting>
+    </example>
+
+    <example>
+      <title>Switching to the first audio input</title>
+
+      <programlisting>
+&v4l2-audio; audio;
+
+memset (&amp;audio, 0, sizeof (audio)); /* clear audio.mode, audio.reserved */
+
+audio.index = 0;
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-S-AUDIO;, &amp;audio)) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_S_AUDIO");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+      </programlisting>
+    </example>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="tuner">
+    <title>Tuners and Modulators</title>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Tuners</title>
+
+      <para>Video input devices can have one or more tuners
+demodulating a RF signal. Each tuner is associated with one or more
+video inputs, depending on the number of RF connectors on the tuner.
+The <structfield>type</structfield> field of the respective
+&v4l2-input; returned by the &VIDIOC-ENUMINPUT; ioctl is set to
+<constant>V4L2_INPUT_TYPE_TUNER</constant> and its
+<structfield>tuner</structfield> field contains the index number of
+the tuner.</para>
+
+      <para>Radio devices have exactly one tuner with index zero, no
+video inputs.</para>
+
+      <para>To query and change tuner properties applications use the
+&VIDIOC-G-TUNER; and &VIDIOC-S-TUNER; ioctl, respectively. The
+&v4l2-tuner; returned by <constant>VIDIOC_G_TUNER</constant> also
+contains signal status information applicable when the tuner of the
+current video input, or a radio tuner is queried. Note that
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_TUNER</constant> does not switch the current tuner,
+when there is more than one at all. The tuner is solely determined by
+the current video input. Drivers must support both ioctls and set the
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_TUNER</constant> flag in the &v4l2-capability;
+returned by the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl when the device has one or
+more tuners.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Modulators</title>
+
+      <para>Video output devices can have one or more modulators, uh,
+modulating a video signal for radiation or connection to the antenna
+input of a TV set or video recorder. Each modulator is associated with
+one or more video outputs, depending on the number of RF connectors on
+the modulator. The <structfield>type</structfield> field of the
+respective &v4l2-output; returned by the &VIDIOC-ENUMOUTPUT; ioctl is
+set to <constant>V4L2_OUTPUT_TYPE_MODULATOR</constant> and its
+<structfield>modulator</structfield> field contains the index number
+of the modulator. This specification does not define radio output
+devices.</para>
+
+      <para>To query and change modulator properties applications use
+the &VIDIOC-G-MODULATOR; and &VIDIOC-S-MODULATOR; ioctl. Note that
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_MODULATOR</constant> does not switch the current
+modulator, when there is more than one at all. The modulator is solely
+determined by the current video output. Drivers must support both
+ioctls and set the <constant>V4L2_CAP_MODULATOR</constant> flag in
+the &v4l2-capability; returned by the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl when the
+device has one or more modulators.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Radio Frequency</title>
+
+      <para>To get and set the tuner or modulator radio frequency
+applications use the &VIDIOC-G-FREQUENCY; and &VIDIOC-S-FREQUENCY;
+ioctl which both take a pointer to a &v4l2-frequency;. These ioctls
+are used for TV and radio devices alike. Drivers must support both
+ioctls when the tuner or modulator ioctls are supported, or
+when the device is a radio device.</para>
+    </section>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="standard">
+    <title>Video Standards</title>
+
+    <para>Video devices typically support one or more different video
+standards or variations of standards. Each video input and output may
+support another set of standards. This set is reported by the
+<structfield>std</structfield> field of &v4l2-input; and
+&v4l2-output; returned by the &VIDIOC-ENUMINPUT; and
+&VIDIOC-ENUMOUTPUT; ioctl, respectively.</para>
+
+    <para>V4L2 defines one bit for each analog video standard
+currently in use worldwide, and sets aside bits for driver defined
+standards, &eg; hybrid standards to watch NTSC video tapes on PAL TVs
+and vice versa. Applications can use the predefined bits to select a
+particular standard, although presenting the user a menu of supported
+standards is preferred. To enumerate and query the attributes of the
+supported standards applications use the &VIDIOC-ENUMSTD; ioctl.</para>
+
+    <para>Many of the defined standards are actually just variations
+of a few major standards. The hardware may in fact not distinguish
+between them, or do so internal and switch automatically. Therefore
+enumerated standards also contain sets of one or more standard
+bits.</para>
+
+    <para>Assume a hypothetic tuner capable of demodulating B/PAL,
+G/PAL and I/PAL signals. The first enumerated standard is a set of B
+and G/PAL, switched automatically depending on the selected radio
+frequency in UHF or VHF band. Enumeration gives a "PAL-B/G" or "PAL-I"
+choice. Similar a Composite input may collapse standards, enumerating
+"PAL-B/G/H/I", "NTSC-M" and "SECAM-D/K".<footnote>
+        <para>Some users are already confused by technical terms PAL,
+NTSC and SECAM. There is no point asking them to distinguish between
+B, G, D, or K when the software or hardware can do that
+automatically.</para>
+    </footnote></para>
+
+    <para>To query and select the standard used by the current video
+input or output applications call the &VIDIOC-G-STD; and
+&VIDIOC-S-STD; ioctl, respectively. The <emphasis>received</emphasis>
+standard can be sensed with the &VIDIOC-QUERYSTD; ioctl. Note parameter of all these ioctls is a pointer to a &v4l2-std-id; type (a standard set), <emphasis>not</emphasis> an index into the standard enumeration.<footnote>
+        <para>An alternative to the current scheme is to use pointers
+to indices as arguments of <constant>VIDIOC_G_STD</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_STD</constant>, the &v4l2-input; and
+&v4l2-output; <structfield>std</structfield> field would be a set of
+indices like <structfield>audioset</structfield>.</para>
+        <para>Indices are consistent with the rest of the API
+and identify the standard unambiguously. In the present scheme of
+things an enumerated standard is looked up by &v4l2-std-id;. Now the
+standards supported by the inputs of a device can overlap. Just
+assume the tuner and composite input in the example above both
+exist on a device. An enumeration of "PAL-B/G", "PAL-H/I" suggests
+a choice which does not exist. We cannot merge or omit sets, because
+applications would be unable to find the standards reported by
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_STD</constant>. That leaves separate enumerations
+for each input. Also selecting a standard by &v4l2-std-id; can be
+ambiguous. Advantage of this method is that applications need not
+identify the standard indirectly, after enumerating.</para><para>So in
+summary, the lookup itself is unavoidable. The difference is only
+whether the lookup is necessary to find an enumerated standard or to
+switch to a standard by &v4l2-std-id;.</para>
+      </footnote> Drivers must implement all video standard ioctls
+when the device has one or more video inputs or outputs.</para>
+
+    <para>Special rules apply to USB cameras where the notion of video
+standards makes little sense. More generally any capture device,
+output devices accordingly, which is <itemizedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>incapable of capturing fields or frames at the nominal
+rate of the video standard, or</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>where <link linkend="buffer">timestamps</link> refer
+to the instant the field or frame was received by the driver, not the
+capture time, or</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>where <link linkend="buffer">sequence numbers</link>
+refer to the frames received by the driver, not the captured
+frames.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </itemizedlist> Here the driver shall set the
+<structfield>std</structfield> field of &v4l2-input; and &v4l2-output;
+to zero, the <constant>VIDIOC_G_STD</constant>,
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_STD</constant>,
+<constant>VIDIOC_QUERYSTD</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_ENUMSTD</constant> ioctls shall return the
+&EINVAL;.<footnote>
+        <para>See <xref linkend="buffer" /> for a rationale. Probably
+even USB cameras follow some well known video standard. It might have
+been better to explicitly indicate elsewhere if a device cannot live
+up to normal expectations, instead of this exception.</para>
+            </footnote></para>
+
+    <example>
+      <title>Information about the current video standard</title>
+
+      <programlisting>
+&v4l2-std-id; std_id;
+&v4l2-standard; standard;
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-G-STD;, &amp;std_id)) {
+        /* Note when VIDIOC_ENUMSTD always returns EINVAL this
+           is no video device or it falls under the USB exception,
+           and VIDIOC_G_STD returning EINVAL is no error. */
+
+        perror ("VIDIOC_G_STD");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+memset (&amp;standard, 0, sizeof (standard));
+standard.index = 0;
+
+while (0 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-ENUMSTD;, &amp;standard)) {
+        if (standard.id &amp; std_id) {
+               printf ("Current video standard: %s\n", standard.name);
+               exit (EXIT_SUCCESS);
+        }
+
+        standard.index++;
+}
+
+/* EINVAL indicates the end of the enumeration, which cannot be
+   empty unless this device falls under the USB exception. */
+
+if (errno == EINVAL || standard.index == 0) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_ENUMSTD");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+      </programlisting>
+    </example>
+
+    <example>
+      <title>Listing the video standards supported by the current
+input</title>
+
+      <programlisting>
+&v4l2-input; input;
+&v4l2-standard; standard;
+
+memset (&amp;input, 0, sizeof (input));
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-G-INPUT;, &amp;input.index)) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_G_INPUT");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-ENUMINPUT;, &amp;input)) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_ENUM_INPUT");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+printf ("Current input %s supports:\n", input.name);
+
+memset (&amp;standard, 0, sizeof (standard));
+standard.index = 0;
+
+while (0 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-ENUMSTD;, &amp;standard)) {
+        if (standard.id &amp; input.std)
+                printf ("%s\n", standard.name);
+
+        standard.index++;
+}
+
+/* EINVAL indicates the end of the enumeration, which cannot be
+   empty unless this device falls under the USB exception. */
+
+if (errno != EINVAL || standard.index == 0) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_ENUMSTD");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+      </programlisting>
+    </example>
+
+    <example>
+      <title>Selecting a new video standard</title>
+
+      <programlisting>
+&v4l2-input; input;
+&v4l2-std-id; std_id;
+
+memset (&amp;input, 0, sizeof (input));
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-G-INPUT;, &amp;input.index)) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_G_INPUT");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-ENUMINPUT;, &amp;input)) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_ENUM_INPUT");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+if (0 == (input.std &amp; V4L2_STD_PAL_BG)) {
+        fprintf (stderr, "Oops. B/G PAL is not supported.\n");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+/* Note this is also supposed to work when only B
+   <emphasis>or</emphasis> G/PAL is supported. */
+
+std_id = V4L2_STD_PAL_BG;
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-S-STD;, &amp;std_id)) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_S_STD");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+      </programlisting>
+    </example>
+  </section>
+
+  &sub-controls;
+
+  <section id="format">
+    <title>Data Formats</title>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Data Format Negotiation</title>
+
+      <para>Different devices exchange different kinds of data with
+applications, for example video images, raw or sliced VBI data, RDS
+datagrams. Even within one kind many different formats are possible,
+in particular an abundance of image formats. Although drivers must
+provide a default and the selection persists across closing and
+reopening a device, applications should always negotiate a data format
+before engaging in data exchange. Negotiation means the application
+asks for a particular format and the driver selects and reports the
+best the hardware can do to satisfy the request. Of course
+applications can also just query the current selection.</para>
+
+      <para>A single mechanism exists to negotiate all data formats
+using the aggregate &v4l2-format; and the &VIDIOC-G-FMT; and
+&VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctls. Additionally the &VIDIOC-TRY-FMT; ioctl can be
+used to examine what the hardware <emphasis>could</emphasis> do,
+without actually selecting a new data format. The data formats
+supported by the V4L2 API are covered in the respective device section
+in <xref linkend="devices" />. For a closer look at image formats see
+<xref linkend="pixfmt" />.</para>
+
+      <para>The <constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> ioctl is a major
+turning-point in the initialization sequence. Prior to this point
+multiple panel applications can access the same device concurrently to
+select the current input, change controls or modify other properties.
+The first <constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> assigns a logical stream
+(video data, VBI data etc.) exclusively to one file descriptor.</para>
+
+      <para>Exclusive means no other application, more precisely no
+other file descriptor, can grab this stream or change device
+properties inconsistent with the negotiated parameters. A video
+standard change for example, when the new standard uses a different
+number of scan lines, can invalidate the selected image format.
+Therefore only the file descriptor owning the stream can make
+invalidating changes. Accordingly multiple file descriptors which
+grabbed different logical streams prevent each other from interfering
+with their settings. When for example video overlay is about to start
+or already in progress, simultaneous video capturing may be restricted
+to the same cropping and image size.</para>
+
+      <para>When applications omit the
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> ioctl its locking side effects are
+implied by the next step, the selection of an I/O method with the
+&VIDIOC-REQBUFS; ioctl or implicit with the first &func-read; or
+&func-write; call.</para>
+
+      <para>Generally only one logical stream can be assigned to a
+file descriptor, the exception being drivers permitting simultaneous
+video capturing and overlay using the same file descriptor for
+compatibility with V4L and earlier versions of V4L2. Switching the
+logical stream or returning into "panel mode" is possible by closing
+and reopening the device. Drivers <emphasis>may</emphasis> support a
+switch using <constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant>.</para>
+
+      <para>All drivers exchanging data with
+applications must support the <constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> ioctl. Implementation of the
+<constant>VIDIOC_TRY_FMT</constant> is highly recommended but
+optional.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Image Format Enumeration</title>
+
+      <para>Apart of the generic format negotiation functions
+a special ioctl to enumerate all image formats supported by video
+capture, overlay or output devices is available.<footnote>
+          <para>Enumerating formats an application has no a-priori
+knowledge of (otherwise it could explicitly ask for them and need not
+enumerate) seems useless, but there are applications serving as proxy
+between drivers and the actual video applications for which this is
+useful.</para>
+        </footnote></para>
+
+      <para>The &VIDIOC-ENUM-FMT; ioctl must be supported
+by all drivers exchanging image data with applications.</para>
+
+      <important>
+        <para>Drivers are not supposed to convert image formats in
+kernel space. They must enumerate only formats directly supported by
+the hardware. If necessary driver writers should publish an example
+conversion routine or library for integration into applications.</para>
+      </important>
+    </section>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="crop">
+    <title>Image Cropping, Insertion and Scaling</title>
+
+    <para>Some video capture devices can sample a subsection of the
+picture and shrink or enlarge it to an image of arbitrary size. We
+call these abilities cropping and scaling. Some video output devices
+can scale an image up or down and insert it at an arbitrary scan line
+and horizontal offset into a video signal.</para>
+
+    <para>Applications can use the following API to select an area in
+the video signal, query the default area and the hardware limits.
+<emphasis>Despite their name, the &VIDIOC-CROPCAP;, &VIDIOC-G-CROP;
+and &VIDIOC-S-CROP; ioctls apply to input as well as output
+devices.</emphasis></para>
+
+    <para>Scaling requires a source and a target. On a video capture
+or overlay device the source is the video signal, and the cropping
+ioctls determine the area actually sampled. The target are images
+read by the application or overlaid onto the graphics screen. Their
+size (and position for an overlay) is negotiated with the
+&VIDIOC-G-FMT; and &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctls.</para>
+
+    <para>On a video output device the source are the images passed in
+by the application, and their size is again negotiated with the
+<constant>VIDIOC_G/S_FMT</constant> ioctls, or may be encoded in a
+compressed video stream. The target is the video signal, and the
+cropping ioctls determine the area where the images are
+inserted.</para>
+
+    <para>Source and target rectangles are defined even if the device
+does not support scaling or the <constant>VIDIOC_G/S_CROP</constant>
+ioctls. Their size (and position where applicable) will be fixed in
+this case. <emphasis>All capture and output device must support the
+<constant>VIDIOC_CROPCAP</constant> ioctl such that applications can
+determine if scaling takes place.</emphasis></para>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Cropping Structures</title>
+
+      <figure id="crop-scale">
+        <title>Image Cropping, Insertion and Scaling</title>
+        <mediaobject>
+          <imageobject>
+            <imagedata fileref="crop.pdf" format="PS" />
+          </imageobject>
+          <imageobject>
+            <imagedata fileref="crop.gif" format="GIF" />
+          </imageobject>
+          <textobject>
+            <phrase>The cropping, insertion and scaling process</phrase>
+          </textobject>
+        </mediaobject>
+      </figure>
+
+      <para>For capture devices the coordinates of the top left
+corner, width and height of the area which can be sampled is given by
+the <structfield>bounds</structfield> substructure of the
+&v4l2-cropcap; returned by the <constant>VIDIOC_CROPCAP</constant>
+ioctl. To support a wide range of hardware this specification does not
+define an origin or units. However by convention drivers should
+horizontally count unscaled samples relative to 0H (the leading edge
+of the horizontal sync pulse, see <xref linkend="vbi-hsync" />).
+Vertically ITU-R line
+numbers of the first field (<xref linkend="vbi-525" />, <xref
+linkend="vbi-625" />), multiplied by two if the driver can capture both
+fields.</para>
+
+      <para>The top left corner, width and height of the source
+rectangle, that is the area actually sampled, is given by &v4l2-crop;
+using the same coordinate system as &v4l2-cropcap;. Applications can
+use the <constant>VIDIOC_G_CROP</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_CROP</constant> ioctls to get and set this
+rectangle. It must lie completely within the capture boundaries and
+the driver may further adjust the requested size and/or position
+according to hardware limitations.</para>
+
+      <para>Each capture device has a default source rectangle, given
+by the <structfield>defrect</structfield> substructure of
+&v4l2-cropcap;. The center of this rectangle shall align with the
+center of the active picture area of the video signal, and cover what
+the driver writer considers the complete picture. Drivers shall reset
+the source rectangle to the default when the driver is first loaded,
+but not later.</para>
+
+      <para>For output devices these structures and ioctls are used
+accordingly, defining the <emphasis>target</emphasis> rectangle where
+the images will be inserted into the video signal.</para>
+
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Scaling Adjustments</title>
+
+      <para>Video hardware can have various cropping, insertion and
+scaling limitations. It may only scale up or down, support only
+discrete scaling factors, or have different scaling abilities in
+horizontal and vertical direction. Also it may not support scaling at
+all. At the same time the &v4l2-crop; rectangle may have to be
+aligned, and both the source and target rectangles may have arbitrary
+upper and lower size limits. In particular the maximum
+<structfield>width</structfield> and <structfield>height</structfield>
+in &v4l2-crop; may be smaller than the
+&v4l2-cropcap;.<structfield>bounds</structfield> area. Therefore, as
+usual, drivers are expected to adjust the requested parameters and
+return the actual values selected.</para>
+
+      <para>Applications can change the source or the target rectangle
+first, as they may prefer a particular image size or a certain area in
+the video signal. If the driver has to adjust both to satisfy hardware
+limitations, the last requested rectangle shall take priority, and the
+driver should preferably adjust the opposite one. The &VIDIOC-TRY-FMT;
+ioctl however shall not change the driver state and therefore only
+adjust the requested rectangle.</para>
+
+      <para>Suppose scaling on a video capture device is restricted to
+a factor 1:1 or 2:1 in either direction and the target image size must
+be a multiple of 16&nbsp;&times;&nbsp;16 pixels. The source cropping
+rectangle is set to defaults, which are also the upper limit in this
+example, of 640&nbsp;&times;&nbsp;400 pixels at offset 0,&nbsp;0. An
+application requests an image size of 300&nbsp;&times;&nbsp;225
+pixels, assuming video will be scaled down from the "full picture"
+accordingly. The driver sets the image size to the closest possible
+values 304&nbsp;&times;&nbsp;224, then chooses the cropping rectangle
+closest to the requested size, that is 608&nbsp;&times;&nbsp;224
+(224&nbsp;&times;&nbsp;2:1 would exceed the limit 400). The offset
+0,&nbsp;0 is still valid, thus unmodified. Given the default cropping
+rectangle reported by <constant>VIDIOC_CROPCAP</constant> the
+application can easily propose another offset to center the cropping
+rectangle.</para>
+
+      <para>Now the application may insist on covering an area using a
+picture aspect ratio closer to the original request, so it asks for a
+cropping rectangle of 608&nbsp;&times;&nbsp;456 pixels. The present
+scaling factors limit cropping to 640&nbsp;&times;&nbsp;384, so the
+driver returns the cropping size 608&nbsp;&times;&nbsp;384 and adjusts
+the image size to closest possible 304&nbsp;&times;&nbsp;192.</para>
+
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Examples</title>
+
+      <para>Source and target rectangles shall remain unchanged across
+closing and reopening a device, such that piping data into or out of a
+device will work without special preparations. More advanced
+applications should ensure the parameters are suitable before starting
+I/O.</para>
+
+      <example>
+        <title>Resetting the cropping parameters</title>
+
+        <para>(A video capture device is assumed; change
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant> for other
+devices.)</para>
+
+        <programlisting>
+&v4l2-cropcap; cropcap;
+&v4l2-crop; crop;
+
+memset (&amp;cropcap, 0, sizeof (cropcap));
+cropcap.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-CROPCAP;, &amp;cropcap)) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_CROPCAP");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+memset (&amp;crop, 0, sizeof (crop));
+crop.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+crop.c = cropcap.defrect;
+
+/* Ignore if cropping is not supported (EINVAL). */
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-S-CROP;, &amp;crop)
+    &amp;&amp; errno != EINVAL) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_S_CROP");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+      </programlisting>
+      </example>
+
+      <example>
+        <title>Simple downscaling</title>
+
+        <para>(A video capture device is assumed.)</para>
+
+        <programlisting>
+&v4l2-cropcap; cropcap;
+&v4l2-format; format;
+
+reset_cropping_parameters ();
+
+/* Scale down to 1/4 size of full picture. */
+
+memset (&amp;format, 0, sizeof (format)); /* defaults */
+
+format.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+
+format.fmt.pix.width = cropcap.defrect.width &gt;&gt; 1;
+format.fmt.pix.height = cropcap.defrect.height &gt;&gt; 1;
+format.fmt.pix.pixelformat = V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV;
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-S-FMT;, &amp;format)) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_S_FORMAT");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+/* We could check the actual image size now, the actual scaling factor
+   or if the driver can scale at all. */
+        </programlisting>
+      </example>
+
+      <example>
+        <title>Selecting an output area</title>
+
+        <programlisting>
+&v4l2-cropcap; cropcap;
+&v4l2-crop; crop;
+
+memset (&amp;cropcap, 0, sizeof (cropcap));
+cropcap.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT;
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, VIDIOC_CROPCAP;, &amp;cropcap)) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_CROPCAP");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+memset (&amp;crop, 0, sizeof (crop));
+
+crop.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT;
+crop.c = cropcap.defrect;
+
+/* Scale the width and height to 50 % of their original size
+   and center the output. */
+
+crop.c.width /= 2;
+crop.c.height /= 2;
+crop.c.left += crop.c.width / 2;
+crop.c.top += crop.c.height / 2;
+
+/* Ignore if cropping is not supported (EINVAL). */
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, VIDIOC_S_CROP, &amp;crop)
+    &amp;&amp; errno != EINVAL) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_S_CROP");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+</programlisting>
+      </example>
+
+      <example>
+        <title>Current scaling factor and pixel aspect</title>
+
+        <para>(A video capture device is assumed.)</para>
+
+        <programlisting>
+&v4l2-cropcap; cropcap;
+&v4l2-crop; crop;
+&v4l2-format; format;
+double hscale, vscale;
+double aspect;
+int dwidth, dheight;
+
+memset (&amp;cropcap, 0, sizeof (cropcap));
+cropcap.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-CROPCAP;, &amp;cropcap)) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_CROPCAP");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+memset (&amp;crop, 0, sizeof (crop));
+crop.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-G-CROP;, &amp;crop)) {
+        if (errno != EINVAL) {
+                perror ("VIDIOC_G_CROP");
+                exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+
+        /* Cropping not supported. */
+        crop.c = cropcap.defrect;
+}
+
+memset (&amp;format, 0, sizeof (format));
+format.fmt.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-G-FMT;, &amp;format)) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_G_FMT");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+/* The scaling applied by the driver. */
+
+hscale = format.fmt.pix.width / (double) crop.c.width;
+vscale = format.fmt.pix.height / (double) crop.c.height;
+
+aspect = cropcap.pixelaspect.numerator /
+         (double) cropcap.pixelaspect.denominator;
+aspect = aspect * hscale / vscale;
+
+/* Devices following ITU-R BT.601 do not capture
+   square pixels. For playback on a computer monitor
+   we should scale the images to this size. */
+
+dwidth = format.fmt.pix.width / aspect;
+dheight = format.fmt.pix.height;
+        </programlisting>
+      </example>
+    </section>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="streaming-par">
+    <title>Streaming Parameters</title>
+
+    <para>Streaming parameters are intended to optimize the video
+capture process as well as I/O. Presently applications can request a
+high quality capture mode with the &VIDIOC-S-PARM; ioctl.</para>
+
+    <para>The current video standard determines a nominal number of
+frames per second. If less than this number of frames is to be
+captured or output, applications can request frame skipping or
+duplicating on the driver side. This is especially useful when using
+the &func-read; or &func-write;, which are not augmented by timestamps
+or sequence counters, and to avoid unneccessary data copying.</para>
+
+    <para>Finally these ioctls can be used to determine the number of
+buffers used internally by a driver in read/write mode. For
+implications see the section discussing the &func-read;
+function.</para>
+
+    <para>To get and set the streaming parameters applications call
+the &VIDIOC-G-PARM; and &VIDIOC-S-PARM; ioctl, respectively. They take
+a pointer to a &v4l2-streamparm;, which contains a union holding
+separate parameters for input and output devices.</para>
+
+    <para>These ioctls are optional, drivers need not implement
+them. If so, they return the &EINVAL;.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/compat.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/compat.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..4d1902a54d61
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/compat.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,2457 @@
+  <title>Changes</title>
+
+  <para>The following chapters document the evolution of the V4L2 API,
+errata or extensions. They are also intended to help application and
+driver writers to port or update their code.</para>
+
+  <section id="diff-v4l">
+    <title>Differences between V4L and V4L2</title>
+
+    <para>The Video For Linux API was first introduced in Linux 2.1 to
+unify and replace various TV and radio device related interfaces,
+developed independently by driver writers in prior years. Starting
+with Linux 2.5 the much improved V4L2 API replaces the V4L API,
+although existing drivers will continue to support V4L applications in
+the future, either directly or through the V4L2 compatibility layer in
+the <filename>videodev</filename> kernel module translating ioctls on
+the fly. For a transition period not all drivers will support the V4L2
+API.</para>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Opening and Closing Devices</title>
+
+      <para>For compatibility reasons the character device file names
+recommended for V4L2 video capture, overlay, radio, teletext and raw
+vbi capture devices did not change from those used by V4L. They are
+listed in <xref linkend="devices" /> and below in <xref
+          linkend="v4l-dev" />.</para>
+
+      <para>The V4L <filename>videodev</filename> module automatically
+assigns minor numbers to drivers in load order, depending on the
+registered device type. We recommend that V4L2 drivers by default
+register devices with the same numbers, but the system administrator
+can assign arbitrary minor numbers using driver module options. The
+major device number remains 81.</para>
+
+      <table id="v4l-dev">
+        <title>V4L Device Types, Names and Numbers</title>
+        <tgroup cols="3">
+          <thead>
+            <row>
+              <entry>Device Type</entry>
+              <entry>File Name</entry>
+              <entry>Minor Numbers</entry>
+            </row>
+          </thead>
+          <tbody valign="top">
+            <row>
+              <entry>Video capture and overlay</entry>
+              <entry><para><filename>/dev/video</filename> and
+<filename>/dev/bttv0</filename><footnote> <para>According to
+Documentation/devices.txt these should be symbolic links to
+<filename>/dev/video0</filename>. Note the original bttv interface is
+not compatible with V4L or V4L2.</para> </footnote>,
+<filename>/dev/video0</filename> to
+<filename>/dev/video63</filename></para></entry>
+              <entry>0-63</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry>Radio receiver</entry>
+              <entry><para><filename>/dev/radio</filename><footnote>
+                    <para>According to
+<filename>Documentation/devices.txt</filename> a symbolic link to
+<filename>/dev/radio0</filename>.</para>
+                  </footnote>, <filename>/dev/radio0</filename> to
+<filename>/dev/radio63</filename></para></entry>
+              <entry>64-127</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry>Teletext decoder</entry>
+              <entry><para><filename>/dev/vtx</filename>,
+<filename>/dev/vtx0</filename> to
+<filename>/dev/vtx31</filename></para></entry>
+              <entry>192-223</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry>Raw VBI capture</entry>
+              <entry><para><filename>/dev/vbi</filename>,
+<filename>/dev/vbi0</filename> to
+<filename>/dev/vbi31</filename></para></entry>
+              <entry>224-255</entry>
+            </row>
+          </tbody>
+        </tgroup>
+      </table>
+
+      <para>V4L prohibits (or used to prohibit) multiple opens of a
+device file. V4L2 drivers <emphasis>may</emphasis> support multiple
+opens, see <xref linkend="open" /> for details and consequences.</para>
+
+      <para>V4L drivers respond to V4L2 ioctls with an &EINVAL;. The
+compatibility layer in the V4L2 <filename>videodev</filename> module
+can translate V4L ioctl requests to their V4L2 counterpart, however a
+V4L2 driver usually needs more preparation to become fully V4L
+compatible. This is covered in more detail in <xref
+          linkend="driver" />.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Querying Capabilities</title>
+
+      <para>The V4L <constant>VIDIOCGCAP</constant> ioctl is
+equivalent to V4L2's &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP;.</para>
+
+      <para>The <structfield>name</structfield> field in struct
+<structname>video_capability</structname> became
+<structfield>card</structfield> in &v4l2-capability;,
+<structfield>type</structfield> was replaced by
+<structfield>capabilities</structfield>. Note V4L2 does not
+distinguish between device types like this, better think of basic
+video input, video output and radio devices supporting a set of
+related functions like video capturing, video overlay and VBI
+capturing. See <xref linkend="open" /> for an
+introduction.<informaltable>
+          <tgroup cols="3">
+            <thead>
+              <row>
+                <entry>struct
+<structname>video_capability</structname>
+<structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+                <entry>&v4l2-capability;
+<structfield>capabilities</structfield> flags</entry>
+                <entry>Purpose</entry>
+              </row>
+            </thead>
+            <tbody valign="top">
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VID_TYPE_CAPTURE</constant></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant></entry>
+                <entry>The <link linkend="capture">video
+capture</link> interface is supported.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VID_TYPE_TUNER</constant></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_TUNER</constant></entry>
+                <entry>The device has a <link linkend="tuner">tuner or
+modulator</link>.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VID_TYPE_TELETEXT</constant></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_VBI_CAPTURE</constant></entry>
+                <entry>The <link linkend="raw-vbi">raw VBI
+capture</link> interface is supported.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VID_TYPE_OVERLAY</constant></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OVERLAY</constant></entry>
+                <entry>The <link linkend="overlay">video
+overlay</link> interface is supported.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VID_TYPE_CHROMAKEY</constant></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_FBUF_CAP_CHROMAKEY</constant> in
+field <structfield>capability</structfield> of
+&v4l2-framebuffer;</entry>
+                <entry>Whether chromakey overlay is supported. For
+more information on overlay see
+<xref linkend="overlay" />.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VID_TYPE_CLIPPING</constant></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_FBUF_CAP_LIST_CLIPPING</constant>
+and <constant>V4L2_FBUF_CAP_BITMAP_CLIPPING</constant> in field
+<structfield>capability</structfield> of &v4l2-framebuffer;</entry>
+                <entry>Whether clipping the overlaid image is
+supported, see <xref linkend="overlay" />.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VID_TYPE_FRAMERAM</constant></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_FBUF_CAP_EXTERNOVERLAY</constant>
+<emphasis>not set</emphasis> in field
+<structfield>capability</structfield> of &v4l2-framebuffer;</entry>
+                <entry>Whether overlay overwrites frame buffer memory,
+see <xref linkend="overlay" />.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VID_TYPE_SCALES</constant></entry>
+                <entry><constant>-</constant></entry>
+                <entry>This flag indicates if the hardware can scale
+images. The V4L2 API implies the scale factor by setting the cropping
+dimensions and image size with the &VIDIOC-S-CROP; and &VIDIOC-S-FMT;
+ioctl, respectively. The driver returns the closest sizes possible.
+For more information on cropping and scaling see <xref
+                    linkend="crop" />.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VID_TYPE_MONOCHROME</constant></entry>
+                <entry><constant>-</constant></entry>
+                <entry>Applications can enumerate the supported image
+formats with the &VIDIOC-ENUM-FMT; ioctl to determine if the device
+supports grey scale capturing only. For more information on image
+formats see <xref linkend="pixfmt" />.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VID_TYPE_SUBCAPTURE</constant></entry>
+                <entry><constant>-</constant></entry>
+                <entry>Applications can call the &VIDIOC-G-CROP; ioctl
+to determine if the device supports capturing a subsection of the full
+picture ("cropping" in V4L2). If not, the ioctl returns the &EINVAL;.
+For more information on cropping and scaling see <xref
+                    linkend="crop" />.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VID_TYPE_MPEG_DECODER</constant></entry>
+                <entry><constant>-</constant></entry>
+                <entry>Applications can enumerate the supported image
+formats with the &VIDIOC-ENUM-FMT; ioctl to determine if the device
+supports MPEG streams.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VID_TYPE_MPEG_ENCODER</constant></entry>
+                <entry><constant>-</constant></entry>
+                <entry>See above.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VID_TYPE_MJPEG_DECODER</constant></entry>
+                <entry><constant>-</constant></entry>
+                <entry>See above.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VID_TYPE_MJPEG_ENCODER</constant></entry>
+                <entry><constant>-</constant></entry>
+                <entry>See above.</entry>
+              </row>
+            </tbody>
+          </tgroup>
+        </informaltable></para>
+
+      <para>The <structfield>audios</structfield> field was replaced
+by <structfield>capabilities</structfield> flag
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_AUDIO</constant>, indicating
+<emphasis>if</emphasis> the device has any audio inputs or outputs. To
+determine their number applications can enumerate audio inputs with
+the &VIDIOC-G-AUDIO; ioctl. The audio ioctls are described in <xref
+          linkend="audio" />.</para>
+
+      <para>The <structfield>maxwidth</structfield>,
+<structfield>maxheight</structfield>,
+<structfield>minwidth</structfield> and
+<structfield>minheight</structfield> fields were removed. Calling the
+&VIDIOC-S-FMT; or &VIDIOC-TRY-FMT; ioctl with the desired dimensions
+returns the closest size possible, taking into account the current
+video standard, cropping and scaling limitations.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Video Sources</title>
+
+      <para>V4L provides the <constant>VIDIOCGCHAN</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOCSCHAN</constant> ioctl using struct
+<structname>video_channel</structname> to enumerate
+the video inputs of a V4L device. The equivalent V4L2 ioctls
+are &VIDIOC-ENUMINPUT;, &VIDIOC-G-INPUT; and &VIDIOC-S-INPUT;
+using &v4l2-input; as discussed in <xref linkend="video" />.</para>
+
+      <para>The <structfield>channel</structfield> field counting
+inputs was renamed to <structfield>index</structfield>, the video
+input types were renamed as follows: <informaltable>
+          <tgroup cols="2">
+            <thead>
+              <row>
+                <entry>struct <structname>video_channel</structname>
+<structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+                <entry>&v4l2-input;
+<structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+              </row>
+            </thead>
+            <tbody valign="top">
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VIDEO_TYPE_TV</constant></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_INPUT_TYPE_TUNER</constant></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VIDEO_TYPE_CAMERA</constant></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_INPUT_TYPE_CAMERA</constant></entry>
+              </row>
+            </tbody>
+          </tgroup>
+        </informaltable></para>
+
+      <para>Unlike the <structfield>tuners</structfield> field
+expressing the number of tuners of this input, V4L2 assumes each video
+input is connected to at most one tuner. However a tuner can have more
+than one input, &ie; RF connectors, and a device can have multiple
+tuners. The index number of the tuner associated with the input, if
+any, is stored in field <structfield>tuner</structfield> of
+&v4l2-input;. Enumeration of tuners is discussed in <xref
+          linkend="tuner" />.</para>
+
+      <para>The redundant <constant>VIDEO_VC_TUNER</constant> flag was
+dropped. Video inputs associated with a tuner are of type
+<constant>V4L2_INPUT_TYPE_TUNER</constant>. The
+<constant>VIDEO_VC_AUDIO</constant> flag was replaced by the
+<structfield>audioset</structfield> field. V4L2 considers devices with
+up to 32 audio inputs. Each set bit in the
+<structfield>audioset</structfield> field represents one audio input
+this video input combines with. For information about audio inputs and
+how to switch between them see <xref linkend="audio" />.</para>
+
+      <para>The <structfield>norm</structfield> field describing the
+supported video standards was replaced by
+<structfield>std</structfield>. The V4L specification mentions a flag
+<constant>VIDEO_VC_NORM</constant> indicating whether the standard can
+be changed. This flag was a later addition together with the
+<structfield>norm</structfield> field and has been removed in the
+meantime. V4L2 has a similar, albeit more comprehensive approach
+to video standards, see <xref linkend="standard" /> for more
+information.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Tuning</title>
+
+      <para>The V4L <constant>VIDIOCGTUNER</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOCSTUNER</constant> ioctl and struct
+<structname>video_tuner</structname> can be used to enumerate the
+tuners of a V4L TV or radio device. The equivalent V4L2 ioctls are
+&VIDIOC-G-TUNER; and &VIDIOC-S-TUNER; using &v4l2-tuner;. Tuners are
+covered in <xref linkend="tuner" />.</para>
+
+      <para>The <structfield>tuner</structfield> field counting tuners
+was renamed to <structfield>index</structfield>. The fields
+<structfield>name</structfield>, <structfield>rangelow</structfield>
+and <structfield>rangehigh</structfield> remained unchanged.</para>
+
+      <para>The <constant>VIDEO_TUNER_PAL</constant>,
+<constant>VIDEO_TUNER_NTSC</constant> and
+<constant>VIDEO_TUNER_SECAM</constant> flags indicating the supported
+video standards were dropped. This information is now contained in the
+associated &v4l2-input;. No replacement exists for the
+<constant>VIDEO_TUNER_NORM</constant> flag indicating whether the
+video standard can be switched. The <structfield>mode</structfield>
+field to select a different video standard was replaced by a whole new
+set of ioctls and structures described in <xref linkend="standard" />.
+Due to its ubiquity it should be mentioned the BTTV driver supports
+several standards in addition to the regular
+<constant>VIDEO_MODE_PAL</constant> (0),
+<constant>VIDEO_MODE_NTSC</constant>,
+<constant>VIDEO_MODE_SECAM</constant> and
+<constant>VIDEO_MODE_AUTO</constant> (3). Namely N/PAL Argentina,
+M/PAL, N/PAL, and NTSC Japan with numbers 3-6 (sic).</para>
+
+      <para>The <constant>VIDEO_TUNER_STEREO_ON</constant> flag
+indicating stereo reception became
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_STEREO</constant> in field
+<structfield>rxsubchans</structfield>. This field also permits the
+detection of monaural and bilingual audio, see the definition of
+&v4l2-tuner; for details. Presently no replacement exists for the
+<constant>VIDEO_TUNER_RDS_ON</constant> and
+<constant>VIDEO_TUNER_MBS_ON</constant> flags.</para>
+
+      <para> The <constant>VIDEO_TUNER_LOW</constant> flag was renamed
+to <constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LOW</constant> in the &v4l2-tuner;
+<structfield>capability</structfield> field.</para>
+
+      <para>The <constant>VIDIOCGFREQ</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOCSFREQ</constant> ioctl to change the tuner frequency
+where renamed to &VIDIOC-G-FREQUENCY; and  &VIDIOC-S-FREQUENCY;. They
+take a pointer to a &v4l2-frequency; instead of an unsigned long
+integer.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section id="v4l-image-properties">
+      <title>Image Properties</title>
+
+      <para>V4L2 has no equivalent of the
+<constant>VIDIOCGPICT</constant> and <constant>VIDIOCSPICT</constant>
+ioctl and struct <structname>video_picture</structname>. The following
+fields where replaced by V4L2 controls accessible with the
+&VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL;, &VIDIOC-G-CTRL; and &VIDIOC-S-CTRL; ioctls:<informaltable>
+          <tgroup cols="2">
+            <thead>
+              <row>
+                <entry>struct <structname>video_picture</structname></entry>
+                <entry>V4L2 Control ID</entry>
+              </row>
+            </thead>
+            <tbody valign="top">
+              <row>
+                <entry><structfield>brightness</structfield></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_BRIGHTNESS</constant></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><structfield>hue</structfield></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_HUE</constant></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><structfield>colour</structfield></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_SATURATION</constant></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><structfield>contrast</structfield></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_CONTRAST</constant></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><structfield>whiteness</structfield></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_WHITENESS</constant></entry>
+              </row>
+            </tbody>
+          </tgroup>
+        </informaltable></para>
+
+      <para>The V4L picture controls are assumed to range from 0 to
+65535 with no particular reset value. The V4L2 API permits arbitrary
+limits and defaults which can be queried with the &VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL;
+ioctl. For general information about controls see <xref
+linkend="control" />.</para>
+
+      <para>The <structfield>depth</structfield> (average number of
+bits per pixel) of a video image is implied by the selected image
+format. V4L2 does not explicitely provide such information assuming
+applications recognizing the format are aware of the image depth and
+others need not know. The <structfield>palette</structfield> field
+moved into the &v4l2-pix-format;:<informaltable>
+          <tgroup cols="2">
+            <thead>
+              <row>
+                <entry>struct <structname>video_picture</structname>
+<structfield>palette</structfield></entry>
+                <entry>&v4l2-pix-format;
+<structfield>pixfmt</structfield></entry>
+              </row>
+            </thead>
+            <tbody valign="top">
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_GREY</constant></entry>
+                <entry><para><link
+linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-GREY"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_GREY</constant></link></para></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_HI240</constant></entry>
+                <entry><para><link
+linkend="pixfmt-reserved"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_HI240</constant></link><footnote>
+                      <para>This is a custom format used by the BTTV
+driver, not one of the V4L2 standard formats.</para>
+                    </footnote></para></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_RGB565</constant></entry>
+                <entry><para><link
+linkend="pixfmt-rgb"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB565</constant></link></para></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_RGB555</constant></entry>
+                <entry><para><link
+linkend="pixfmt-rgb"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB555</constant></link></para></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_RGB24</constant></entry>
+                <entry><para><link
+linkend="pixfmt-rgb"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR24</constant></link></para></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_RGB32</constant></entry>
+                <entry><para><link
+linkend="pixfmt-rgb"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR32</constant></link><footnote>
+                      <para>Presumably all V4L RGB formats are
+little-endian, although some drivers might interpret them according to machine endianess. V4L2 defines little-endian, big-endian and red/blue
+swapped variants. For details see <xref linkend="pixfmt-rgb" />.</para>
+                    </footnote></para></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_YUV422</constant></entry>
+                <entry><para><link
+linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUYV"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV</constant></link></para></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><para><constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_YUYV</constant><footnote>
+                      <para><constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_YUV422</constant>
+and <constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_YUYV</constant> are the same formats. Some
+V4L drivers respond to one, some to the other.</para>
+                    </footnote></para></entry>
+                <entry><para><link
+linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUYV"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV</constant></link></para></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_UYVY</constant></entry>
+                <entry><para><link
+linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-UYVY"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_UYVY</constant></link></para></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_YUV420</constant></entry>
+                <entry>None</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_YUV411</constant></entry>
+                <entry><para><link
+linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-Y41P"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y41P</constant></link><footnote>
+                      <para>Not to be confused with
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV411P</constant>, which is a planar
+format.</para> </footnote></para></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_RAW</constant></entry>
+                <entry><para>None<footnote> <para>V4L explains this
+as: "RAW capture (BT848)"</para> </footnote></para></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_YUV422P</constant></entry>
+                <entry><para><link
+linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV422P"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV422P</constant></link></para></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_YUV411P</constant></entry>
+                <entry><para><link
+linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV411P"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV411P</constant></link><footnote>
+                      <para>Not to be confused with
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y41P</constant>, which is a packed
+format.</para> </footnote></para></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_YUV420P</constant></entry>
+                <entry><para><link
+linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YVU420"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420</constant></link></para></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_YUV410P</constant></entry>
+                <entry><para><link
+linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YVU410"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU410</constant></link></para></entry>
+              </row>
+            </tbody>
+          </tgroup>
+        </informaltable></para>
+
+      <para>V4L2 image formats are defined in <xref
+linkend="pixfmt" />. The image format can be selected with the
+&VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Audio</title>
+
+      <para>The <constant>VIDIOCGAUDIO</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOCSAUDIO</constant> ioctl and struct
+<structname>video_audio</structname> are used to enumerate the
+audio inputs of a V4L device. The equivalent V4L2 ioctls are
+&VIDIOC-G-AUDIO; and &VIDIOC-S-AUDIO; using &v4l2-audio; as
+discussed in <xref linkend="audio" />.</para>
+
+      <para>The <structfield>audio</structfield> "channel number"
+field counting audio inputs was renamed to
+<structfield>index</structfield>.</para>
+
+      <para>On <constant>VIDIOCSAUDIO</constant> the
+<structfield>mode</structfield> field selects <emphasis>one</emphasis>
+of the <constant>VIDEO_SOUND_MONO</constant>,
+<constant>VIDEO_SOUND_STEREO</constant>,
+<constant>VIDEO_SOUND_LANG1</constant> or
+<constant>VIDEO_SOUND_LANG2</constant> audio demodulation modes. When
+the current audio standard is BTSC
+<constant>VIDEO_SOUND_LANG2</constant> refers to SAP and
+<constant>VIDEO_SOUND_LANG1</constant> is meaningless. Also
+undocumented in the V4L specification, there is no way to query the
+selected mode. On <constant>VIDIOCGAUDIO</constant> the driver returns
+the <emphasis>actually received</emphasis> audio programmes in this
+field. In the V4L2 API this information is stored in the &v4l2-tuner;
+<structfield>rxsubchans</structfield> and
+<structfield>audmode</structfield> fields, respectively. See <xref
+linkend="tuner" /> for more information on tuners. Related to audio
+modes &v4l2-audio; also reports if this is a mono or stereo
+input, regardless if the source is a tuner.</para>
+
+      <para>The following fields where replaced by V4L2 controls
+accessible with the &VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL;, &VIDIOC-G-CTRL; and
+&VIDIOC-S-CTRL; ioctls:<informaltable>
+          <tgroup cols="2">
+            <thead>
+              <row>
+                <entry>struct
+<structname>video_audio</structname></entry>
+                <entry>V4L2 Control ID</entry>
+              </row>
+            </thead>
+            <tbody valign="top">
+              <row>
+                <entry><structfield>volume</structfield></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_VOLUME</constant></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><structfield>bass</structfield></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_BASS</constant></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><structfield>treble</structfield></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_TREBLE</constant></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><structfield>balance</structfield></entry>
+                <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_BALANCE</constant></entry>
+              </row>
+            </tbody>
+          </tgroup>
+        </informaltable></para>
+
+      <para>To determine which of these controls are supported by a
+driver V4L provides the <structfield>flags</structfield>
+<constant>VIDEO_AUDIO_VOLUME</constant>,
+<constant>VIDEO_AUDIO_BASS</constant>,
+<constant>VIDEO_AUDIO_TREBLE</constant> and
+<constant>VIDEO_AUDIO_BALANCE</constant>. In the V4L2 API the
+&VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL; ioctl reports if the respective control is
+supported. Accordingly the <constant>VIDEO_AUDIO_MUTABLE</constant>
+and <constant>VIDEO_AUDIO_MUTE</constant> flags where replaced by the
+boolean <constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_MUTE</constant> control.</para>
+
+      <para>All V4L2 controls have a <structfield>step</structfield>
+attribute replacing the struct <structname>video_audio</structname>
+<structfield>step</structfield> field. The V4L audio controls are
+assumed to range from 0 to 65535 with no particular reset value. The
+V4L2 API permits arbitrary limits and defaults which can be queried
+with the &VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL; ioctl. For general information about
+controls see <xref linkend="control" />.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Frame Buffer Overlay</title>
+
+      <para>The V4L2 ioctls equivalent to
+<constant>VIDIOCGFBUF</constant> and <constant>VIDIOCSFBUF</constant>
+are &VIDIOC-G-FBUF; and &VIDIOC-S-FBUF;. The
+<structfield>base</structfield> field of struct
+<structname>video_buffer</structname> remained unchanged, except V4L2
+defines a flag to indicate non-destructive overlays instead of a
+<constant>NULL</constant> pointer. All other fields moved into the
+&v4l2-pix-format; <structfield>fmt</structfield> substructure of
+&v4l2-framebuffer;. The <structfield>depth</structfield> field was
+replaced by <structfield>pixelformat</structfield>. See <xref
+          linkend="pixfmt-rgb" /> for a list of RGB formats and their
+respective color depths.</para>
+
+      <para>Instead of the special ioctls
+<constant>VIDIOCGWIN</constant> and <constant>VIDIOCSWIN</constant>
+V4L2 uses the general-purpose data format negotiation ioctls
+&VIDIOC-G-FMT; and &VIDIOC-S-FMT;. They take a pointer to a
+&v4l2-format; as argument. Here the <structfield>win</structfield>
+member of the <structfield>fmt</structfield> union is used, a
+&v4l2-window;.</para>
+
+      <para>The <structfield>x</structfield>,
+<structfield>y</structfield>, <structfield>width</structfield> and
+<structfield>height</structfield> fields of struct
+<structname>video_window</structname> moved into &v4l2-rect;
+substructure <structfield>w</structfield> of struct
+<structname>v4l2_window</structname>. The
+<structfield>chromakey</structfield>,
+<structfield>clips</structfield>, and
+<structfield>clipcount</structfield> fields remained unchanged. Struct
+<structname>video_clip</structname> was renamed to &v4l2-clip;, also
+containing a struct <structname>v4l2_rect</structname>, but the
+semantics are still the same.</para>
+
+      <para>The <constant>VIDEO_WINDOW_INTERLACE</constant> flag was
+dropped. Instead applications must set the
+<structfield>field</structfield> field to
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_ANY</constant> or
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED</constant>. The
+<constant>VIDEO_WINDOW_CHROMAKEY</constant> flag moved into
+&v4l2-framebuffer;, under the new name
+<constant>V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_CHROMAKEY</constant>.</para>
+
+      <para>In V4L, storing a bitmap pointer in
+<structfield>clips</structfield> and setting
+<structfield>clipcount</structfield> to
+<constant>VIDEO_CLIP_BITMAP</constant> (-1) requests bitmap
+clipping, using a fixed size bitmap of 1024 &times; 625 bits. Struct
+<structname>v4l2_window</structname> has a separate
+<structfield>bitmap</structfield> pointer field for this purpose and
+the bitmap size is determined by <structfield>w.width</structfield> and
+<structfield>w.height</structfield>.</para>
+
+      <para>The <constant>VIDIOCCAPTURE</constant> ioctl to enable or
+disable overlay was renamed to &VIDIOC-OVERLAY;.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Cropping</title>
+
+      <para>To capture only a subsection of the full picture V4L
+defines the <constant>VIDIOCGCAPTURE</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOCSCAPTURE</constant> ioctls using struct
+<structname>video_capture</structname>. The equivalent V4L2 ioctls are
+&VIDIOC-G-CROP; and &VIDIOC-S-CROP; using &v4l2-crop;, and the related
+&VIDIOC-CROPCAP; ioctl. This is a rather complex matter, see
+<xref linkend="crop" /> for details.</para>
+
+      <para>The <structfield>x</structfield>,
+<structfield>y</structfield>, <structfield>width</structfield> and
+<structfield>height</structfield> fields moved into &v4l2-rect;
+substructure <structfield>c</structfield> of struct
+<structname>v4l2_crop</structname>. The
+<structfield>decimation</structfield> field was dropped. In the V4L2
+API the scaling factor is implied by the size of the cropping
+rectangle and the size of the captured or overlaid image.</para>
+
+      <para>The <constant>VIDEO_CAPTURE_ODD</constant>
+and <constant>VIDEO_CAPTURE_EVEN</constant> flags to capture only the
+odd or even field, respectively, were replaced by
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_TOP</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_BOTTOM</constant> in the field named
+<structfield>field</structfield> of &v4l2-pix-format; and
+&v4l2-window;. These structures are used to select a capture or
+overlay format with the &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Reading Images, Memory Mapping</title>
+
+      <section>
+        <title>Capturing using the read method</title>
+
+        <para>There is no essential difference between reading images
+from a V4L or V4L2 device using the &func-read; function, however V4L2
+drivers are not required to support this I/O method. Applications can
+determine if the function is available with the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP;
+ioctl. All V4L2 devices exchanging data with applications must support
+the &func-select; and &func-poll; functions.</para>
+
+        <para>To select an image format and size, V4L provides the
+<constant>VIDIOCSPICT</constant> and <constant>VIDIOCSWIN</constant>
+ioctls. V4L2 uses the general-purpose data format negotiation ioctls
+&VIDIOC-G-FMT; and &VIDIOC-S-FMT;. They take a pointer to a
+&v4l2-format; as argument, here the &v4l2-pix-format; named
+<structfield>pix</structfield> of its <structfield>fmt</structfield>
+union is used.</para>
+
+        <para>For more information about the V4L2 read interface see
+<xref linkend="rw" />.</para>
+      </section>
+      <section>
+        <title>Capturing using memory mapping</title>
+
+        <para>Applications can read from V4L devices by mapping
+buffers in device memory, or more often just buffers allocated in
+DMA-able system memory, into their address space. This avoids the data
+copying overhead of the read method. V4L2 supports memory mapping as
+well, with a few differences.</para>
+
+        <informaltable>
+          <tgroup cols="2">
+            <thead>
+              <row>
+                <entry>V4L</entry>
+                <entry>V4L2</entry>
+              </row>
+            </thead>
+            <tbody valign="top">
+              <row>
+                <entry></entry>
+                <entry>The image format must be selected before
+buffers are allocated, with the &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl. When no format
+is selected the driver may use the last, possibly by another
+application requested format.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><para>Applications cannot change the number of
+buffers. The it is built into the driver, unless it has a module
+option to change the number when the driver module is
+loaded.</para></entry>
+                <entry><para>The &VIDIOC-REQBUFS; ioctl allocates the
+desired number of buffers, this is a required step in the initialization
+sequence.</para></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><para>Drivers map all buffers as one contiguous
+range of memory. The <constant>VIDIOCGMBUF</constant> ioctl is
+available to query the number of buffers, the offset of each buffer
+from the start of the virtual file, and the overall amount of memory
+used, which can be used as arguments for the &func-mmap;
+function.</para></entry>
+                <entry><para>Buffers are individually mapped. The
+offset and size of each buffer can be determined with the
+&VIDIOC-QUERYBUF; ioctl.</para></entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entry><para>The <constant>VIDIOCMCAPTURE</constant>
+ioctl prepares a buffer for capturing. It also determines the image
+format for this buffer. The ioctl returns immediately, eventually with
+an &EAGAIN; if no video signal had been detected. When the driver
+supports more than one buffer applications can call the ioctl multiple
+times and thus have multiple outstanding capture
+requests.</para><para>The <constant>VIDIOCSYNC</constant> ioctl
+suspends execution until a particular buffer has been
+filled.</para></entry>
+                <entry><para>Drivers maintain an incoming and outgoing
+queue. &VIDIOC-QBUF; enqueues any empty buffer into the incoming
+queue. Filled buffers are dequeued from the outgoing queue with the
+&VIDIOC-DQBUF; ioctl. To wait until filled buffers become available this
+function, &func-select; or &func-poll; can be used. The
+&VIDIOC-STREAMON; ioctl must be called once after enqueuing one or
+more buffers to start capturing. Its counterpart
+&VIDIOC-STREAMOFF; stops capturing and dequeues all buffers from both
+queues. Applications can query the signal status, if known, with the
+&VIDIOC-ENUMINPUT; ioctl.</para></entry>
+              </row>
+            </tbody>
+          </tgroup>
+        </informaltable>
+
+        <para>For a more in-depth discussion of memory mapping and
+examples, see <xref linkend="mmap" />.</para>
+      </section>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Reading Raw VBI Data</title>
+
+      <para>Originally the V4L API did not specify a raw VBI capture
+interface, only the device file <filename>/dev/vbi</filename> was
+reserved for this purpose. The only driver supporting this interface
+was the BTTV driver, de-facto defining the V4L VBI interface. Reading
+from the device yields a raw VBI image with the following
+parameters:<informaltable>
+            <tgroup cols="2">
+              <thead>
+                <row>
+                  <entry>&v4l2-vbi-format;</entry>
+                  <entry>V4L, BTTV driver</entry>
+                </row>
+              </thead>
+              <tbody valign="top">
+                <row>
+                  <entry>sampling_rate</entry>
+                  <entry>28636363&nbsp;Hz NTSC (or any other 525-line
+standard); 35468950&nbsp;Hz PAL and SECAM (625-line standards)</entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry>offset</entry>
+                  <entry>?</entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry>samples_per_line</entry>
+                  <entry>2048</entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry>sample_format</entry>
+                  <entry>V4L2_PIX_FMT_GREY. The last four bytes (a
+machine endianess integer) contain a frame counter.</entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry>start[]</entry>
+                  <entry>10, 273 NTSC; 22, 335 PAL and SECAM</entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry>count[]</entry>
+                  <entry><para>16, 16<footnote><para>Old driver
+versions used different values, eventually the custom
+<constant>BTTV_VBISIZE</constant> ioctl was added to query the
+correct values.</para></footnote></para></entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry>flags</entry>
+                  <entry>0</entry>
+                </row>
+              </tbody>
+            </tgroup>
+        </informaltable></para>
+
+      <para>Undocumented in the V4L specification, in Linux 2.3 the
+<constant>VIDIOCGVBIFMT</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOCSVBIFMT</constant> ioctls using struct
+<structname>vbi_format</structname> were added to determine the VBI
+image parameters. These ioctls are only partially compatible with the
+V4L2 VBI interface specified in <xref linkend="raw-vbi" />.</para>
+
+      <para>An <structfield>offset</structfield> field does not
+exist, <structfield>sample_format</structfield> is supposed to be
+<constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_RAW</constant>, equivalent to
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_GREY</constant>. The remaining fields are
+probably equivalent to &v4l2-vbi-format;.</para>
+
+      <para>Apparently only the Zoran (ZR 36120) driver implements
+these ioctls. The semantics differ from those specified for V4L2 in two
+ways. The parameters are reset on &func-open; and
+<constant>VIDIOCSVBIFMT</constant> always returns an &EINVAL; if the
+parameters are invalid.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Miscellaneous</title>
+
+      <para>V4L2 has no equivalent of the
+<constant>VIDIOCGUNIT</constant> ioctl. Applications can find the VBI
+device associated with a video capture device (or vice versa) by
+reopening the device and requesting VBI data. For details see
+<xref linkend="open" />.</para>
+
+      <para>No replacement exists for <constant>VIDIOCKEY</constant>,
+and the V4L functions for microcode programming. A new interface for
+MPEG compression and playback devices is documented in <xref
+          linkend="extended-controls" />.</para>
+    </section>
+
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="hist-v4l2">
+    <title>Changes of the V4L2 API</title>
+
+    <para>Soon after the V4L API was added to the kernel it was
+criticised as too inflexible. In August 1998 Bill Dirks proposed a
+number of improvements and began to work on documentation, example
+drivers and applications. With the help of other volunteers this
+eventually became the V4L2 API, not just an extension but a
+replacement for the V4L API. However it took another four years and
+two stable kernel releases until the new API was finally accepted for
+inclusion into the kernel in its present form.</para>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Early Versions</title>
+      <para>1998-08-20: First version.</para>
+
+      <para>1998-08-27: The &func-select; function was introduced.</para>
+
+      <para>1998-09-10: New video standard interface.</para>
+
+      <para>1998-09-18: The <constant>VIDIOC_NONCAP</constant> ioctl
+was replaced by the otherwise meaningless <constant>O_TRUNC</constant>
+&func-open; flag, and the aliases <constant>O_NONCAP</constant> and
+<constant>O_NOIO</constant> were defined. Applications can set this
+flag if they intend to access controls only, as opposed to capture
+applications which need exclusive access. The
+<constant>VIDEO_STD_XXX</constant> identifiers are now ordinals
+instead of flags, and the <function>video_std_construct()</function>
+helper function takes id and transmission arguments.</para>
+
+      <para>1998-09-28: Revamped video standard. Made video controls
+individually enumerable.</para>
+
+      <para>1998-10-02: The <structfield>id</structfield> field was
+removed from struct <structname>video_standard</structname> and the
+color subcarrier fields were renamed. The &VIDIOC-QUERYSTD; ioctl was
+renamed to &VIDIOC-ENUMSTD;, &VIDIOC-G-INPUT; to &VIDIOC-ENUMINPUT;. A
+first draft of the Codec API was released.</para>
+
+      <para>1998-11-08: Many minor changes. Most symbols have been
+renamed. Some material changes to &v4l2-capability;.</para>
+
+      <para>1998-11-12: The read/write directon of some ioctls was misdefined.</para>
+
+      <para>1998-11-14: <constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB24</constant>
+changed to <constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR24</constant>, and
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB32</constant> changed to
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR32</constant>. Audio controls are now
+accessible with the &VIDIOC-G-CTRL; and &VIDIOC-S-CTRL; ioctls under
+names starting with <constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO</constant>. The
+<constant>V4L2_MAJOR</constant> define was removed from
+<filename>videodev.h</filename> since it was only used once in the
+<filename>videodev</filename> kernel module. The
+<constant>YUV422</constant> and <constant>YUV411</constant> planar
+image formats were added.</para>
+
+      <para>1998-11-28: A few ioctl symbols changed. Interfaces for codecs and
+video output devices were added.</para>
+
+      <para>1999-01-14: A raw VBI capture interface was added.</para>
+
+      <para>1999-01-19: The <constant>VIDIOC_NEXTBUF</constant> ioctl
+      was removed.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 Version 0.16 1999-01-31</title>
+      <para>1999-01-27: There is now one QBUF ioctl, VIDIOC_QWBUF and VIDIOC_QRBUF
+are gone. VIDIOC_QBUF takes a v4l2_buffer as a parameter. Added
+digital zoom (cropping) controls.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <!-- Where's 0.17? mhs couldn't find that videodev.h, perhaps Bill
+         forgot to bump the version number or never released it. -->
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 Version 0.18 1999-03-16</title>
+      <para>Added a v4l to V4L2 ioctl compatibility layer to
+videodev.c. Driver writers, this changes how you implement your ioctl
+handler. See the Driver Writer's Guide. Added some more control id
+codes.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 Version 0.19 1999-06-05</title>
+      <para>1999-03-18: Fill in the category and catname fields of
+v4l2_queryctrl objects before passing them to the driver. Required a
+minor change to the VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL handlers in the sample
+drivers.</para>
+      <para>1999-03-31: Better compatibility for v4l memory capture
+ioctls. Requires changes to drivers to fully support new compatibility
+features, see Driver Writer's Guide and v4l2cap.c. Added new control
+IDs: V4L2_CID_HFLIP, _VFLIP. Changed V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV422P to _YUV422P,
+and _YUV411P to _YUV411P.</para>
+      <para>1999-04-04: Added a few more control IDs.</para>
+      <para>1999-04-07: Added the button control type.</para>
+      <para>1999-05-02: Fixed a typo in videodev.h, and added the
+V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_GRAYED (later V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_GRABBED) flag.</para>
+      <para>1999-05-20: Definition of VIDIOC_G_CTRL was wrong causing
+a malfunction of this ioctl.</para>
+      <para>1999-06-05: Changed the value of
+V4L2_CID_WHITENESS.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 Version 0.20 (1999-09-10)</title>
+
+      <para>Version 0.20 introduced a number of changes which were
+<emphasis>not backward compatible</emphasis> with 0.19 and earlier
+versions. Purpose of these changes was to simplify the API, while
+making it more extensible and following common Linux driver API
+conventions.</para>
+
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Some typos in <constant>V4L2_FMT_FLAG</constant>
+symbols were fixed. &v4l2-clip; was changed for compatibility with
+v4l. (1999-08-30)</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para><constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_LANG1</constant> was added.
+(1999-09-05)</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>All ioctl() commands that used an integer argument now
+take a pointer to an integer. Where it makes sense, ioctls will return
+the actual new value in the integer pointed to by the argument, a
+common convention in the V4L2 API. The affected ioctls are:
+VIDIOC_PREVIEW, VIDIOC_STREAMON, VIDIOC_STREAMOFF, VIDIOC_S_FREQ,
+VIDIOC_S_INPUT, VIDIOC_S_OUTPUT, VIDIOC_S_EFFECT. For example
+<programlisting>
+err = ioctl (fd, VIDIOC_XXX, V4L2_XXX);
+</programlisting> becomes <programlisting>
+int a = V4L2_XXX; err = ioctl(fd, VIDIOC_XXX, &amp;a);
+</programlisting>
+          </para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>All the different get- and set-format commands were
+swept into one &VIDIOC-G-FMT; and &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl taking a union
+and a type field selecting the union member as parameter. Purpose is to
+simplify the API by eliminating several ioctls and to allow new and
+driver private data streams without adding new ioctls.</para>
+
+          <para>This change obsoletes the following ioctls:
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_INFMT</constant>,
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_INFMT</constant>,
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_OUTFMT</constant>,
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_OUTFMT</constant>,
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_VBIFMT</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_VBIFMT</constant>. The image format structure
+<structname>v4l2_format</structname> was renamed to &v4l2-pix-format;,
+while &v4l2-format; is now the envelopping structure for all format
+negotiations.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Similar to the changes above, the
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_PARM</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_PARM</constant> ioctls were merged with
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_OUTPARM</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_OUTPARM</constant>. A
+<structfield>type</structfield> field in the new &v4l2-streamparm;
+selects the respective union member.</para>
+
+          <para>This change obsoletes the
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_OUTPARM</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_OUTPARM</constant> ioctls.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Control enumeration was simplified, and two new
+control flags were introduced and one dropped. The
+<structfield>catname</structfield> field was replaced by a
+<structfield>group</structfield> field.</para>
+
+          <para>Drivers can now flag unsupported and temporarily
+unavailable controls with <constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_DISABLED</constant>
+and <constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_GRABBED</constant> respectively. The
+<structfield>group</structfield> name indicates a possibly narrower
+classification than the <structfield>category</structfield>. In other
+words, there may be multiple groups within a category. Controls within
+a group would typically be drawn within a group box. Controls in
+different categories might have a greater separation, or may even
+appear in separate windows.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-buffer; <structfield>timestamp</structfield>
+was changed to a 64 bit integer, containing the sampling or output
+time of the frame in nanoseconds. Additionally timestamps will be in
+absolute system time, not starting from zero at the beginning of a
+stream. The data type name for timestamps is stamp_t, defined as a
+signed 64-bit integer. Output devices should not send a buffer out
+until the time in the timestamp field has arrived. I would like to
+follow SGI's lead, and adopt a multimedia timestamping system like
+their UST (Unadjusted System Time). See
+http://reality.sgi.com/cpirazzi_engr/lg/time/intro.html. [This link is
+no longer valid.] UST uses timestamps that are 64-bit signed integers
+(not struct timeval's) and given in nanosecond units. The UST clock
+starts at zero when the system is booted and runs continuously and
+uniformly. It takes a little over 292 years for UST to overflow. There
+is no way to set the UST clock. The regular Linux time-of-day clock
+can be changed periodically, which would cause errors if it were being
+used for timestamping a multimedia stream. A real UST style clock will
+require some support in the kernel that is not there yet. But in
+anticipation, I will change the timestamp field to a 64-bit integer,
+and I will change the v4l2_masterclock_gettime() function (used only
+by drivers) to return a 64-bit integer.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>A <structfield>sequence</structfield> field was added
+to &v4l2-buffer;. The <structfield>sequence</structfield> field counts
+captured frames, it is ignored by output devices. When a capture
+driver drops a frame, the sequence number of that frame is
+skipped.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 Version 0.20 incremental changes</title>
+      <!-- Version number didn't change anymore, reason unknown. -->
+
+      <para>1999-12-23: In &v4l2-vbi-format; the
+<structfield>reserved1</structfield> field became
+<structfield>offset</structfield>. Previously drivers were required to
+clear the <structfield>reserved1</structfield> field.</para>
+
+      <para>2000-01-13: The
+      <constant>V4L2_FMT_FLAG_NOT_INTERLACED</constant> flag was added.</para>
+
+      <para>2000-07-31: The <filename>linux/poll.h</filename> header
+is now included by <filename>videodev.h</filename> for compatibility
+with the original <filename>videodev.h</filename> file.</para>
+
+      <para>2000-11-20: <constant>V4L2_TYPE_VBI_OUTPUT</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y41P</constant> were added.</para>
+
+      <para>2000-11-25: <constant>V4L2_TYPE_VBI_INPUT</constant> was
+added.</para>
+
+      <para>2000-12-04: A couple typos in symbol names were fixed.</para>
+
+      <para>2001-01-18: To avoid namespace conflicts the
+<constant>fourcc</constant> macro defined in the
+<filename>videodev.h</filename> header file was renamed to
+<constant>v4l2_fourcc</constant>.</para>
+
+      <para>2001-01-25: A possible driver-level compatibility problem
+between the <filename>videodev.h</filename> file in Linux 2.4.0 and
+the <filename>videodev.h</filename> file included in the
+<filename>videodevX</filename> patch was fixed. Users of an earlier
+version of <filename>videodevX</filename> on Linux 2.4.0 should
+recompile their V4L and V4L2 drivers.</para>
+
+      <para>2001-01-26: A possible kernel-level incompatibility
+between the <filename>videodev.h</filename> file in the
+<filename>videodevX</filename> patch and the
+<filename>videodev.h</filename> file in Linux 2.2.x with devfs patches
+applied was fixed.</para>
+
+      <para>2001-03-02: Certain V4L ioctls which pass data in both
+direction although they are defined with read-only parameter, did not
+work correctly through the backward compatibility layer.
+[Solution?]</para>
+
+      <para>2001-04-13: Big endian 16-bit RGB formats were added.</para>
+
+      <para>2001-09-17: New YUV formats and the &VIDIOC-G-FREQUENCY; and
+&VIDIOC-S-FREQUENCY; ioctls were added. (The old
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_FREQ</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FREQ</constant> ioctls did not take multiple tuners
+into account.)</para>
+
+      <para>2000-09-18: <constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI</constant> was
+added. This may <emphasis>break compatibility</emphasis> as the
+&VIDIOC-G-FMT; and &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctls may fail now if the struct
+<structname>v4l2_fmt</structname> <structfield>type</structfield>
+field does not contain <constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI</constant>. In the
+documentation of the &v4l2-vbi-format;
+<structfield>offset</structfield> field the ambiguous phrase "rising
+edge" was changed to "leading edge".</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 Version 0.20 2000-11-23</title>
+
+      <para>A number of changes were made to the raw VBI
+interface.</para>
+
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Figures clarifying the line numbering scheme were
+added to the V4L2 API specification. The
+<structfield>start</structfield>[0] and
+<structfield>start</structfield>[1] fields no longer count line
+numbers beginning at zero. Rationale: a) The previous definition was
+unclear. b) The <structfield>start</structfield>[] values are ordinal
+numbers. c) There is no point in inventing a new line numbering
+scheme. We now use line number as defined by ITU-R, period.
+Compatibility: Add one to the start values. Applications depending on
+the previous semantics may not function correctly.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The restriction "count[0] &gt; 0 and count[1] &gt; 0"
+has been relaxed  to "(count[0] + count[1]) &gt; 0". Rationale:
+Drivers may allocate resources at scan line granularity and some data
+services are transmitted only on the first field. The comment that
+both <structfield>count</structfield> values will usually be equal is
+misleading and pointless and has been removed. This change
+<emphasis>breaks compatibility</emphasis> with earlier versions:
+Drivers may return EINVAL, applications may not function
+correctly.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Drivers are again permitted to return negative
+(unknown) start values as proposed earlier. Why this feature was
+dropped is unclear. This change may <emphasis>break
+compatibility</emphasis> with applications depending on the start
+values being positive. The use of <constant>EBUSY</constant> and
+<constant>EINVAL</constant> error codes with the &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl
+was clarified. The &EBUSY; was finally documented, and the
+<structfield>reserved2</structfield> field which was previously
+mentioned only in the <filename>videodev.h</filename> header
+file.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>New buffer types
+<constant>V4L2_TYPE_VBI_INPUT</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_TYPE_VBI_OUTPUT</constant> were added. The former is an
+alias for the old <constant>V4L2_TYPE_VBI</constant>, the latter was
+missing in the <filename>videodev.h</filename> file.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 Version 0.20 2002-07-25</title>
+      <para>Added sliced VBI interface proposal.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.5.46, 2002-10</title>
+
+      <para>Around October-November 2002, prior to an announced
+feature freeze of Linux 2.5, the API was revised, drawing from
+experience with V4L2 0.20. This unnamed version was finally merged
+into Linux 2.5.46.</para>
+
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>As specified in <xref linkend="related" />, drivers
+must make related device functions available under all minor device
+numbers.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &func-open; function requires access mode
+<constant>O_RDWR</constant> regardless of the device type. All V4L2
+drivers exchanging data with applications must support the
+<constant>O_NONBLOCK</constant> flag. The <constant>O_NOIO</constant>
+flag, a V4L2 symbol which aliased the meaningless
+<constant>O_TRUNC</constant> to indicate accesses without data
+exchange (panel applications) was dropped. Drivers must stay in "panel
+mode" until the application attempts to initiate a data exchange, see
+<xref linkend="open" />.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-capability; changed dramatically. Note that
+also the size of the structure changed, which is encoded in the ioctl
+request code, thus older V4L2 devices will respond with an &EINVAL; to
+the new &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl.</para>
+
+          <para>There are new fields to identify the driver, a new RDS
+device function <constant>V4L2_CAP_RDS_CAPTURE</constant>, the
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_AUDIO</constant> flag indicates if the device has
+any audio connectors, another I/O capability
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_ASYNCIO</constant> can be flagged. In response to
+these changes the <structfield>type</structfield> field became a bit
+set and was merged into the <structfield>flags</structfield> field.
+<constant>V4L2_FLAG_TUNER</constant> was renamed to
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_TUNER</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OVERLAY</constant> replaced
+<constant>V4L2_FLAG_PREVIEW</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_VBI_CAPTURE</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_VBI_OUTPUT</constant> replaced
+<constant>V4L2_FLAG_DATA_SERVICE</constant>.
+<constant>V4L2_FLAG_READ</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_FLAG_WRITE</constant> were merged into
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_READWRITE</constant>.</para>
+
+          <para>The redundant fields
+<structfield>inputs</structfield>, <structfield>outputs</structfield>
+and <structfield>audios</structfield> were removed. These properties
+can be determined as described in <xref linkend="video" /> and <xref
+linkend="audio" />.</para>
+
+          <para>The somewhat volatile and therefore barely useful
+fields <structfield>maxwidth</structfield>,
+<structfield>maxheight</structfield>,
+<structfield>minwidth</structfield>,
+<structfield>minheight</structfield>,
+<structfield>maxframerate</structfield> were removed. This information
+is available as described in <xref linkend="format" /> and
+<xref linkend="standard" />.</para>
+
+          <para><constant>V4L2_FLAG_SELECT</constant> was removed. We
+believe the select() function is important enough to require support
+of it in all V4L2 drivers exchanging data with applications. The
+redundant <constant>V4L2_FLAG_MONOCHROME</constant> flag was removed,
+this information is available as described in <xref
+              linkend="format" />.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In &v4l2-input; the
+<structfield>assoc_audio</structfield> field and the
+<structfield>capability</structfield> field and its only flag
+<constant>V4L2_INPUT_CAP_AUDIO</constant> was replaced by the new
+<structfield>audioset</structfield> field. Instead of linking one
+video input to one audio input this field reports all audio inputs
+this video input combines with.</para>
+
+          <para>New fields are <structfield>tuner</structfield>
+(reversing the former link from tuners to video inputs),
+<structfield>std</structfield> and
+<structfield>status</structfield>.</para>
+
+          <para>Accordingly &v4l2-output; lost its
+<structfield>capability</structfield> and
+<structfield>assoc_audio</structfield> fields.
+<structfield>audioset</structfield>,
+<structfield>modulator</structfield> and
+<structfield>std</structfield> where added instead.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-audio; field
+<structfield>audio</structfield> was renamed to
+<structfield>index</structfield>, for consistency with other
+structures. A new capability flag
+<constant>V4L2_AUDCAP_STEREO</constant> was added to indicated if the
+audio input in question supports stereo sound.
+<constant>V4L2_AUDCAP_EFFECTS</constant> and the corresponding
+<constant>V4L2_AUDMODE</constant> flags where removed. This can be
+easily implemented using controls. (However the same applies to AVL
+which is still there.)</para>
+
+          <para>Again for consistency the &v4l2-audioout; field
+<structfield>audio</structfield> was renamed to
+<structfield>index</structfield>.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-tuner;
+<structfield>input</structfield> field was replaced by an
+<structfield>index</structfield> field, permitting devices with
+multiple tuners. The link between video inputs and tuners is now
+reversed, inputs point to their tuner. The
+<structfield>std</structfield> substructure became a
+simple set (more about this below) and moved into &v4l2-input;. A
+<structfield>type</structfield> field was added.</para>
+
+          <para>Accordingly in &v4l2-modulator; the
+<structfield>output</structfield> was replaced by an
+<structfield>index</structfield> field.</para>
+
+          <para>In &v4l2-frequency; the
+<structfield>port</structfield> field was replaced by a
+<structfield>tuner</structfield> field containing the respective tuner
+or modulator index number. A tuner <structfield>type</structfield>
+field was added and the <structfield>reserved</structfield> field
+became larger for future extensions (satellite tuners in
+particular).</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The idea of completely transparent video standards was
+dropped. Experience showed that applications must be able to work with
+video standards beyond presenting the user a menu. Instead of
+enumerating supported standards with an ioctl applications can now
+refer to standards by &v4l2-std-id; and symbols defined in the
+<filename>videodev2.h</filename> header file. For details see <xref
+              linkend="standard" />. The &VIDIOC-G-STD; and
+&VIDIOC-S-STD; now take a pointer to this type as argument.
+&VIDIOC-QUERYSTD; was added to autodetect the received standard, if
+the hardware has this capability. In &v4l2-standard; an
+<structfield>index</structfield> field was added for &VIDIOC-ENUMSTD;.
+A &v4l2-std-id; field named <structfield>id</structfield> was added as
+machine readable identifier, also replacing the
+<structfield>transmission</structfield> field. The misleading
+<structfield>framerate</structfield> field was renamed
+to <structfield>frameperiod</structfield>. The now obsolete
+<structfield>colorstandard</structfield> information, originally
+needed to distguish between variations of standards, were
+removed.</para>
+
+          <para>Struct <structname>v4l2_enumstd</structname> ceased to
+be. &VIDIOC-ENUMSTD; now takes a pointer to a &v4l2-standard;
+directly. The information which standards are supported by a
+particular video input or output moved into &v4l2-input; and
+&v4l2-output; fields named <structfield>std</structfield>,
+respectively.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-queryctrl; fields
+<structfield>category</structfield> and
+<structfield>group</structfield> did not catch on and/or were not
+implemented as expected and therefore removed.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &VIDIOC-TRY-FMT; ioctl was added to negotiate data
+formats as with &VIDIOC-S-FMT;, but without the overhead of
+programming the hardware and regardless of I/O in progress.</para>
+
+          <para>In &v4l2-format; the <structfield>fmt</structfield>
+union was extended to contain &v4l2-window;. All image format
+negotiations are now possible with <constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant>,
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_TRY_FMT</constant>; ioctl. The
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_WIN</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_WIN</constant> ioctls to prepare for a video
+overlay were removed. The <structfield>type</structfield> field
+changed to type &v4l2-buf-type; and the buffer type names changed as
+follows.<informaltable>
+              <tgroup cols="2">
+                <thead>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry>Old defines</entry>
+                    <entry>&v4l2-buf-type;</entry>
+                  </row>
+                </thead>
+                <tbody valign="top">
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_CAPTURE</constant></entry>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant></entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_CODECIN</constant></entry>
+                    <entry>Omitted for now</entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_CODECOUT</constant></entry>
+                    <entry>Omitted for now</entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_EFFECTSIN</constant></entry>
+                    <entry>Omitted for now</entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_EFFECTSIN2</constant></entry>
+                    <entry>Omitted for now</entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_EFFECTSOUT</constant></entry>
+                    <entry>Omitted for now</entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEOOUT</constant></entry>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT</constant></entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>-</constant></entry>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OVERLAY</constant></entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>-</constant></entry>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_CAPTURE</constant></entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>-</constant></entry>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_OUTPUT</constant></entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>-</constant></entry>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_CAPTURE</constant></entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>-</constant></entry>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_OUTPUT</constant></entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_PRIVATE_BASE</constant></entry>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_PRIVATE</constant></entry>
+                  </row>
+                </tbody>
+              </tgroup>
+            </informaltable></para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In &v4l2-fmtdesc; a &v4l2-buf-type; field named
+<structfield>type</structfield> was added as in &v4l2-format;. The
+<constant>VIDIOC_ENUM_FBUFFMT</constant> ioctl is no longer needed and
+was removed. These calls can be replaced by &VIDIOC-ENUM-FMT; with
+type <constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OVERLAY</constant>.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In &v4l2-pix-format; the
+<structfield>depth</structfield> field was removed, assuming
+applications which recognize the format by its four-character-code
+already know the color depth, and others do not care about it. The
+same rationale lead to the removal of the
+<constant>V4L2_FMT_FLAG_COMPRESSED</constant> flag. The
+<constant>V4L2_FMT_FLAG_SWCONVECOMPRESSED</constant> flag was removed
+because drivers are not supposed to convert images in kernel space. A
+user library of conversion functions should be provided instead. The
+<constant>V4L2_FMT_FLAG_BYTESPERLINE</constant> flag was redundant.
+Applications can set the <structfield>bytesperline</structfield> field
+to zero to get a reasonable default. Since the remaining flags were
+replaced as well, the <structfield>flags</structfield> field itself
+was removed.</para>
+          <para>The interlace flags were replaced by a &v4l2-field;
+value in a newly added <structfield>field</structfield>
+field.<informaltable>
+              <tgroup cols="2">
+                <thead>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry>Old flag</entry>
+                    <entry>&v4l2-field;</entry>
+                  </row>
+                </thead>
+                <tbody valign="top">
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_FMT_FLAG_NOT_INTERLACED</constant></entry>
+                    <entry>?</entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_FMT_FLAG_INTERLACED</constant>
+= <constant>V4L2_FMT_FLAG_COMBINED</constant></entry>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED</constant></entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_FMT_FLAG_TOPFIELD</constant>
+= <constant>V4L2_FMT_FLAG_ODDFIELD</constant></entry>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_FIELD_TOP</constant></entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_FMT_FLAG_BOTFIELD</constant>
+= <constant>V4L2_FMT_FLAG_EVENFIELD</constant></entry>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_FIELD_BOTTOM</constant></entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>-</constant></entry>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_FIELD_SEQ_TB</constant></entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>-</constant></entry>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_FIELD_SEQ_BT</constant></entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>-</constant></entry>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_FIELD_ALTERNATE</constant></entry>
+                  </row>
+                </tbody>
+              </tgroup>
+            </informaltable></para>
+
+          <para>The color space flags were replaced by a
+&v4l2-colorspace; value in a newly added
+<structfield>colorspace</structfield> field, where one of
+<constant>V4L2_COLORSPACE_SMPTE170M</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_COLORSPACE_BT878</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_COLORSPACE_470_SYSTEM_M</constant> or
+<constant>V4L2_COLORSPACE_470_SYSTEM_BG</constant> replaces
+<constant>V4L2_FMT_CS_601YUV</constant>.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In &v4l2-requestbuffers; the
+<structfield>type</structfield> field was properly defined as
+&v4l2-buf-type;. Buffer types changed as mentioned above. A new
+<structfield>memory</structfield> field of type &v4l2-memory; was
+added to distinguish between I/O methods using buffers allocated
+by the driver or the application. See <xref linkend="io" /> for
+details.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In &v4l2-buffer; the <structfield>type</structfield>
+field was properly defined as &v4l2-buf-type;. Buffer types changed as
+mentioned above. A <structfield>field</structfield> field of type
+&v4l2-field; was added to indicate if a buffer contains a top or
+bottom field. The old field flags were removed. Since no unadjusted
+system time clock was added to the kernel as planned, the
+<structfield>timestamp</structfield> field changed back from type
+stamp_t, an unsigned 64 bit integer expressing the sample time in
+nanoseconds, to struct <structname>timeval</structname>. With the
+addition of a second memory mapping method the
+<structfield>offset</structfield> field moved into union
+<structfield>m</structfield>, and a new
+<structfield>memory</structfield> field of type &v4l2-memory; was
+added to distinguish between I/O methods. See <xref linkend="io" />
+for details.</para>
+
+          <para>The <constant>V4L2_BUF_REQ_CONTIG</constant>
+flag was used by the V4L compatibility layer, after changes to this
+code it was no longer needed. The
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_ATTR_DEVICEMEM</constant> flag would indicate if
+the buffer was indeed allocated in device memory rather than DMA-able
+system memory. It was barely useful and so was removed.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In &v4l2-framebuffer; the
+<structfield>base[3]</structfield> array anticipating double- and
+triple-buffering in off-screen video memory, however without defining
+a synchronization mechanism, was replaced by a single pointer. The
+<constant>V4L2_FBUF_CAP_SCALEUP</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_FBUF_CAP_SCALEDOWN</constant> flags were removed.
+Applications can determine this capability more accurately using the
+new cropping and scaling interface. The
+<constant>V4L2_FBUF_CAP_CLIPPING</constant> flag was replaced by
+<constant>V4L2_FBUF_CAP_LIST_CLIPPING</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_FBUF_CAP_BITMAP_CLIPPING</constant>.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In &v4l2-clip; the <structfield>x</structfield>,
+<structfield>y</structfield>, <structfield>width</structfield> and
+<structfield>height</structfield> field moved into a
+<structfield>c</structfield> substructure of type &v4l2-rect;. The
+<structfield>x</structfield> and <structfield>y</structfield> fields
+were renamed to <structfield>left</structfield> and
+<structfield>top</structfield>, &ie; offsets to a context dependent
+origin.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In &v4l2-window; the <structfield>x</structfield>,
+<structfield>y</structfield>, <structfield>width</structfield> and
+<structfield>height</structfield> field moved into a
+<structfield>w</structfield> substructure as above. A
+<structfield>field</structfield> field of type %v4l2-field; was added
+to distinguish between field and frame (interlaced) overlay.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The digital zoom interface, including struct
+<structname>v4l2_zoomcap</structname>, struct
+<structname>v4l2_zoom</structname>,
+<constant>V4L2_ZOOM_NONCAP</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_ZOOM_WHILESTREAMING</constant> was replaced by a new
+cropping and scaling interface. The previously unused struct
+<structname>v4l2_cropcap</structname> and
+<structname>v4l2_crop</structname> where redefined for this purpose.
+See <xref linkend="crop" /> for details.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In &v4l2-vbi-format; the
+<structfield>SAMPLE_FORMAT</structfield> field now contains a
+four-character-code as used to identify video image formats and
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_GREY</constant> replaces the
+<constant>V4L2_VBI_SF_UBYTE</constant> define. The
+<structfield>reserved</structfield> field was extended.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In &v4l2-captureparm; the type of the
+<structfield>timeperframe</structfield> field changed from unsigned
+long to &v4l2-fract;. This allows the accurate expression of multiples
+of the NTSC-M frame rate 30000 / 1001. A new field
+<structfield>readbuffers</structfield> was added to control the driver
+behaviour in read I/O mode.</para>
+
+          <para>Similar changes were made to &v4l2-outputparm;.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The struct <structname>v4l2_performance</structname>
+and <constant>VIDIOC_G_PERF</constant> ioctl were dropped. Except when
+using the <link linkend="rw">read/write I/O method</link>, which is
+limited anyway, this information is already available to
+applications.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The example transformation from RGB to YCbCr color
+space in the old V4L2 documentation was inaccurate, this has been
+corrected in <xref linkend="pixfmt" />.<!-- 0.5670G should be
+0.587, and 127/112 != 255/224 --></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 2003-06-19</title>
+
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>A new capability flag
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_RADIO</constant> was added for radio devices. Prior
+to this change radio devices would identify solely by having exactly one
+tuner whose type field reads <constant>V4L2_TUNER_RADIO</constant>.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>An optional driver access priority mechanism was
+added, see <xref linkend="app-pri" /> for details.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The audio input and output interface was found to be
+incomplete.</para>
+          <para>Previously the &VIDIOC-G-AUDIO;
+ioctl would enumerate the available audio inputs. An ioctl to
+determine the current audio input, if more than one combines with the
+current video input, did not exist. So
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_AUDIO</constant> was renamed to
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_AUDIO_OLD</constant>, this ioctl will be removed in
+the future. The &VIDIOC-ENUMAUDIO; ioctl was added to enumerate
+audio inputs, while &VIDIOC-G-AUDIO; now reports the current audio
+input.</para>
+          <para>The same changes were made to &VIDIOC-G-AUDOUT; and
+&VIDIOC-ENUMAUDOUT;.</para>
+          <para>Until further the "videodev" module will automatically
+translate between the old and new ioctls, but drivers and applications
+must be updated to successfully compile again.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &VIDIOC-OVERLAY; ioctl was incorrectly defined with
+write-read parameter. It was changed to write-only, while the write-read
+version was renamed to <constant>VIDIOC_OVERLAY_OLD</constant>. The old
+ioctl will be removed in the future. Until further the "videodev"
+kernel module will automatically translate to the new version, so drivers
+must be recompiled, but not applications.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para><xref linkend="overlay" /> incorrectly stated that
+clipping rectangles define regions where the video can be seen.
+Correct is that clipping rectangles define regions where
+<emphasis>no</emphasis> video shall be displayed and so the graphics
+surface can be seen.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &VIDIOC-S-PARM; and &VIDIOC-S-CTRL; ioctls were
+defined with write-only parameter, inconsistent with other ioctls
+modifying their argument. They were changed to write-read, while a
+<constant>_OLD</constant> suffix was added to the write-only versions.
+The old ioctls will be removed in the future. Drivers and
+applications assuming a constant parameter need an update.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 2003-11-05</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In <xref linkend="pixfmt-rgb" /> the following pixel
+formats were incorrectly transferred from Bill Dirks' V4L2
+specification. Descriptions below refer to bytes in memory, in
+ascending address order.<informaltable>
+              <tgroup cols="3">
+                <thead>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry>Symbol</entry>
+                    <entry>In this document prior to revision
+0.5</entry>
+                    <entry>Corrected</entry>
+                  </row>
+                </thead>
+                <tbody valign="top">
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB24</constant></entry>
+                    <entry>B, G, R</entry>
+                    <entry>R, G, B</entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR24</constant></entry>
+                    <entry>R, G, B</entry>
+                    <entry>B, G, R</entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB32</constant></entry>
+                    <entry>B, G, R, X</entry>
+                    <entry>R, G, B, X</entry>
+                  </row>
+                  <row>
+                    <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR32</constant></entry>
+                    <entry>R, G, B, X</entry>
+                    <entry>B, G, R, X</entry>
+                  </row>
+                </tbody>
+              </tgroup>
+            </informaltable> The
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR24</constant> example was always
+correct.</para>
+          <para>In <xref linkend="v4l-image-properties" /> the mapping
+of the V4L <constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_RGB24</constant> and
+<constant>VIDEO_PALETTE_RGB32</constant> formats to V4L2 pixel formats
+was accordingly corrected.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Unrelated to the fixes above, drivers may still
+interpret some V4L2 RGB pixel formats differently. These issues have
+yet to be addressed, for details see <xref
+              linkend="pixfmt-rgb" />.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.6.6, 2004-05-09</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &VIDIOC-CROPCAP; ioctl was incorrectly defined
+with read-only parameter. It is now defined as write-read ioctl, while
+the read-only version was renamed to
+<constant>VIDIOC_CROPCAP_OLD</constant>. The old ioctl will be removed
+in the future.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.6.8</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>A new field <structfield>input</structfield> (former
+<structfield>reserved[0]</structfield>) was added to the &v4l2-buffer;
+structure. Purpose of this field is to alternate between video inputs
+(&eg; cameras) in step with the video capturing process. This function
+must be enabled with the new <constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_INPUT</constant>
+flag. The <structfield>flags</structfield> field is no longer
+read-only.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 spec erratum 2004-08-01</title>
+
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The return value of the
+<xref linkend="func-open" /> function was incorrectly documented.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Audio output ioctls end in -AUDOUT, not -AUDIOOUT.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In the Current Audio Input example the
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_AUDIO</constant> ioctl took the wrong
+argument.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The documentation of the &VIDIOC-QBUF; and
+&VIDIOC-DQBUF; ioctls did not mention the &v4l2-buffer;
+<structfield>memory</structfield> field. It was also missing from
+examples. Also on the <constant>VIDIOC_DQBUF</constant> page the &EIO;
+was not documented.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.6.14</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>A new sliced VBI interface was added. It is documented
+in <xref linkend="sliced" /> and replaces the interface first
+proposed in V4L2 specification 0.8.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.6.15</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &VIDIOC-LOG-STATUS; ioctl was added.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>New video standards
+<constant>V4L2_STD_NTSC_443</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_STD_SECAM_LC</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_STD_SECAM_DK</constant> (a set of SECAM D, K and K1),
+and <constant>V4L2_STD_ATSC</constant> (a set of
+<constant>V4L2_STD_ATSC_8_VSB</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_STD_ATSC_16_VSB</constant>) were defined. Note the
+<constant>V4L2_STD_525_60</constant> set now includes
+<constant>V4L2_STD_NTSC_443</constant>. See also <xref
+              linkend="v4l2-std-id" />.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <constant>VIDIOC_G_COMP</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_COMP</constant> ioctl were renamed to
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_MPEGCOMP</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_MPEGCOMP</constant> respectively. Their argument
+was replaced by a struct
+<structname>v4l2_mpeg_compression</structname> pointer. (The
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_MPEGCOMP</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_MPEGCOMP</constant> ioctls where removed in Linux
+2.6.25.)</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 spec erratum 2005-11-27</title>
+      <para>The capture example in <xref linkend="capture-example" />
+called the &VIDIOC-S-CROP; ioctl without checking if cropping is
+supported. In the video standard selection example in
+<xref linkend="standard" /> the &VIDIOC-S-STD; call used the wrong
+argument type.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 spec erratum 2006-01-10</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <constant>V4L2_IN_ST_COLOR_KILL</constant> flag in
+&v4l2-input; not only indicates if the color killer is enabled, but
+also if it is active. (The color killer disables color decoding when
+it detects no color in the video signal to improve the image
+quality.)</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&VIDIOC-S-PARM; is a write-read ioctl, not write-only as
+stated on its reference page. The ioctl changed in 2003 as noted above.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 spec erratum 2006-02-03</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In &v4l2-captureparm; and &v4l2-outputparm; the
+<structfield>timeperframe</structfield> field gives the time in
+seconds, not microseconds.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 spec erratum 2006-02-04</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <structfield>clips</structfield> field in
+&v4l2-window; must point to an array of &v4l2-clip;, not a linked
+list, because drivers ignore the struct
+<structname>v4l2_clip</structname>.<structfield>next</structfield>
+pointer.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.6.17</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>New video standard macros were added:
+<constant>V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_KR</constant> (NTSC M South Korea), and the
+sets <constant>V4L2_STD_MN</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_STD_B</constant>, <constant>V4L2_STD_GH</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_STD_DK</constant>. The
+<constant>V4L2_STD_NTSC</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_STD_SECAM</constant> sets now include
+<constant>V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_KR</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_STD_SECAM_LC</constant> respectively.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>A new <constant>V4L2_TUNER_MODE_LANG1_LANG2</constant>
+was defined to record both languages of a bilingual program. The
+use of <constant>V4L2_TUNER_MODE_STEREO</constant> for this purpose
+is deprecated now. See the &VIDIOC-G-TUNER; section for
+details.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 spec erratum 2006-09-23 (Draft 0.15)</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In various places
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_CAPTURE</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_OUTPUT</constant> of the sliced VBI
+interface were not mentioned along with other buffer types.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In <xref linkend="vidioc-g-audio" /> it was clarified
+that the &v4l2-audio; <structfield>mode</structfield> field is a flags
+field.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para><xref linkend="vidioc-querycap" /> did not mention the
+sliced VBI and radio capability flags.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In <xref linkend="vidioc-g-frequency" /> it was
+clarified that applications must initialize the tuner
+<structfield>type</structfield> field of &v4l2-frequency; before
+calling &VIDIOC-S-FREQUENCY;.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <structfield>reserved</structfield> array
+in &v4l2-requestbuffers; has 2 elements, not 32.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In <xref linkend="output" /> and <xref
+              linkend="raw-vbi" /> the device file names
+<filename>/dev/vout</filename> which never caught on were replaced
+by <filename>/dev/video</filename>.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>With Linux 2.6.15 the possible range for VBI device minor
+numbers was extended from 224-239 to 224-255. Accordingly device file names
+<filename>/dev/vbi0</filename> to <filename>/dev/vbi31</filename> are
+possible now.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.6.18</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>New ioctls &VIDIOC-G-EXT-CTRLS;, &VIDIOC-S-EXT-CTRLS;
+and &VIDIOC-TRY-EXT-CTRLS; were added, a flag to skip unsupported
+controls with &VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL;, new control types
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_INTEGER64</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_CTRL_CLASS</constant> (<xref
+              linkend="v4l2-ctrl-type" />), and new control flags
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_READ_ONLY</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_UPDATE</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_INACTIVE</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_SLIDER</constant> (<xref
+              linkend="control-flags" />). See <xref
+              linkend="extended-controls" /> for details.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.6.19</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In &v4l2-sliced-vbi-cap; a buffer type field was added
+replacing a reserved field. Note on architectures where the size of
+enum types differs from int types the size of the structure changed.
+The &VIDIOC-G-SLICED-VBI-CAP; ioctl was redefined from being read-only
+to write-read. Applications must initialize the type field and clear
+the reserved fields now. These changes may <emphasis>break the
+compatibility</emphasis> with older drivers and applications.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The ioctls &VIDIOC-ENUM-FRAMESIZES; and
+&VIDIOC-ENUM-FRAMEINTERVALS; were added.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>A new pixel format <constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB444</constant> (<xref
+linkend="rgb-formats" />) was added.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 spec erratum 2006-10-12 (Draft 0.17)</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_HM12</constant> (<xref
+linkend="reserved-formats" />) is a YUV 4:2:0, not 4:2:2 format.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.6.21</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <filename>videodev2.h</filename> header file is
+now dual licensed under GNU General Public License version two or
+later, and under a 3-clause BSD-style license.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.6.22</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Two new field orders
+          <constant>V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED_TB</constant> and
+          <constant>V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED_BT</constant> were
+          added. See <xref linkend="v4l2-field" /> for details.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Three new clipping/blending methods with a global or
+straight or inverted local alpha value were added to the video overlay
+interface. See the description of the &VIDIOC-G-FBUF; and
+&VIDIOC-S-FBUF; ioctls for details.</para>
+          <para>A new <structfield>global_alpha</structfield> field
+was added to <link
+linkend="v4l2-window"><structname>v4l2_window</structname></link>,
+extending the structure. This may <emphasis>break
+compatibility</emphasis> with applications using a struct
+<structname>v4l2_window</structname> directly. However the <link
+linkend="vidioc-g-fmt">VIDIOC_G/S/TRY_FMT</link> ioctls, which take a
+pointer to a <link linkend="v4l2-format">v4l2_format</link> parent
+structure with padding bytes at the end, are not affected.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The format of the <structfield>chromakey</structfield>
+field in &v4l2-window; changed from "host order RGB32" to a pixel
+value in the same format as the framebuffer. This may <emphasis>break
+compatibility</emphasis> with existing applications. Drivers
+supporting the "host order RGB32" format are not known.</para>
+        </listitem>
+
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.6.24</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The pixel formats
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_PAL8</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV444</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV555</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV565</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV32</constant> were added.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.6.25</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The pixel formats <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-Y16">
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y16</constant></link> and <link
+linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SBGGR16">
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR16</constant></link> were added.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>New <link linkend="control">controls</link>
+<constant>V4L2_CID_POWER_LINE_FREQUENCY</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_HUE_AUTO</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_WHITE_BALANCE_TEMPERATURE</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_SHARPNESS</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_CID_BACKLIGHT_COMPENSATION</constant> were added. The
+controls <constant>V4L2_CID_BLACK_LEVEL</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_WHITENESS</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_HCENTER</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_CID_VCENTER</constant> were deprecated.
+</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>A <link linkend="camera-controls">Camera controls
+class</link> was added, with the new controls
+<constant>V4L2_CID_EXPOSURE_AUTO</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_EXPOSURE_ABSOLUTE</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_EXPOSURE_AUTO_PRIORITY</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_PAN_RELATIVE</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_TILT_RELATIVE</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_PAN_RESET</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_TILT_RESET</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_PAN_ABSOLUTE</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_TILT_ABSOLUTE</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_FOCUS_ABSOLUTE</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_FOCUS_RELATIVE</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_CID_FOCUS_AUTO</constant>.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <constant>VIDIOC_G_MPEGCOMP</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_MPEGCOMP</constant> ioctls, which were superseded
+by the <link linkend="extended-controls">extended controls</link>
+interface in Linux 2.6.18, where finally removed from the
+<filename>videodev2.h</filename> header file.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.6.26</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The pixel formats
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y16</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR16</constant> were added.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Added user controls
+<constant>V4L2_CID_CHROMA_AGC</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_CID_COLOR_KILLER</constant>.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.6.27</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &VIDIOC-S-HW-FREQ-SEEK; ioctl and the
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_HW_FREQ_SEEK</constant> capability were added.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The pixel formats
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVYU</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_PCA501</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_PCA505</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_PCA508</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_PCA561</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG8</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_PAC207</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_PJPG</constant> were added.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.6.28</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Added <constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_ENCODING_AAC</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_ENCODING_AC3</constant> MPEG audio encodings.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Added <constant>V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_ENCODING_MPEG_4_AVC</constant> MPEG
+video encoding.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The pixel formats
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG10</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG10DPCM8</constant> were added.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.6.29</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <constant>VIDIOC_G_CHIP_IDENT</constant> ioctl was renamed
+to <constant>VIDIOC_G_CHIP_IDENT_OLD</constant> and &VIDIOC-DBG-G-CHIP-IDENT;
+was introduced in its place. The old struct <structname>v4l2_chip_ident</structname>
+was renamed to <structname id="v4l2-chip-ident-old">v4l2_chip_ident_old</structname>.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The pixel formats
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_VYUY</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV16</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV61</constant> were added.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Added camera controls
+<constant>V4L2_CID_ZOOM_ABSOLUTE</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_ZOOM_RELATIVE</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_ZOOM_CONTINUOUS</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_CID_PRIVACY</constant>.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist>
+    </section>
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.6.30</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>New control flag <constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_WRITE_ONLY</constant> was added.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>New control <constant>V4L2_CID_COLORFX</constant> was added.</para>
+        </listitem>
+       </orderedlist>
+     </section>
+    <section>
+      <title>V4L2 in Linux 2.6.32</title>
+      <orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>In order to be easier to compare a V4L2 API and a kernel
+version, now V4L2 API is numbered using the Linux Kernel version numeration.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Finalized the RDS capture API. See <xref linkend="rds" /> for
+more information.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Added new capabilities for modulators and RDS encoders.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Add description for libv4l API.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Added support for string controls via new type <constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_STRING</constant>.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Added <constant>V4L2_CID_BAND_STOP_FILTER</constant> documentation.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Added FM Modulator (FM TX) Extended Control Class: <constant>V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_FM_TX</constant> and their Control IDs.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Added Remote Controller chapter, describing the default Remote Controller mapping for media devices.</para>
+        </listitem>
+       </orderedlist>
+     </section>
+   </section>
+
+   <section id="other">
+     <title>Relation of V4L2 to other Linux multimedia APIs</title>
+
+    <section id="xvideo">
+      <title>X Video Extension</title>
+
+      <para>The X Video Extension (abbreviated XVideo or just Xv) is
+an extension of the X Window system, implemented for example by the
+XFree86 project. Its scope is similar to V4L2, an API to video capture
+and output devices for X clients. Xv allows applications to display
+live video in a window, send window contents to a TV output, and
+capture or output still images in XPixmaps<footnote>
+          <para>This is not implemented in XFree86.</para>
+        </footnote>. With their implementation XFree86 makes the
+extension available across many operating systems and
+architectures.</para>
+
+      <para>Because the driver is embedded into the X server Xv has a
+number of advantages over the V4L2 <link linkend="overlay">video
+overlay interface</link>. The driver can easily determine the overlay
+target, &ie; visible graphics memory or off-screen buffers for a
+destructive overlay. It can program the RAMDAC for a non-destructive
+overlay, scaling or color-keying, or the clipping functions of the
+video capture hardware, always in sync with drawing operations or
+windows moving or changing their stacking order.</para>
+
+      <para>To combine the advantages of Xv and V4L a special Xv
+driver exists in XFree86 and XOrg, just programming any overlay capable
+Video4Linux device it finds. To enable it
+<filename>/etc/X11/XF86Config</filename> must contain these lines:</para>
+      <para><screen>
+Section "Module"
+    Load "v4l"
+EndSection</screen></para>
+
+      <para>As of XFree86 4.2 this driver still supports only V4L
+ioctls, however it should work just fine with all V4L2 devices through
+the V4L2 backward-compatibility layer. Since V4L2 permits multiple
+opens it is possible (if supported by the V4L2 driver) to capture
+video while an X client requested video overlay. Restrictions of
+simultaneous capturing and overlay are discussed in <xref
+          linkend="overlay" /> apply.</para>
+
+      <para>Only marginally related to V4L2, XFree86 extended Xv to
+support hardware YUV to RGB conversion and scaling for faster video
+playback, and added an interface to MPEG-2 decoding hardware. This API
+is useful to display images captured with V4L2 devices.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Digital Video</title>
+
+      <para>V4L2 does not support digital terrestrial, cable or
+satellite broadcast. A separate project aiming at digital receivers
+exists. You can find its homepage at <ulink
+url="http://linuxtv.org">http://linuxtv.org</ulink>. The Linux DVB API
+has no connection to the V4L2 API except that drivers for hybrid
+hardware may support both.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Audio Interfaces</title>
+
+      <para>[to do - OSS/ALSA]</para>
+    </section>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="experimental">
+    <title>Experimental API Elements</title>
+
+    <para>The following V4L2 API elements are currently experimental
+and may change in the future.</para>
+
+    <itemizedlist>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>Video Output Overlay (OSD) Interface, <xref
+            linkend="osd" />.</para>
+      </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+        <para><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT_OVERLAY</constant>,
+        &v4l2-buf-type;, <xref linkend="v4l2-buf-type" />.</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para><constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OUTPUT_OVERLAY</constant>,
+&VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl, <xref linkend="device-capabilities" />.</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>&VIDIOC-ENUM-FRAMESIZES; and
+&VIDIOC-ENUM-FRAMEINTERVALS; ioctls.</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>&VIDIOC-G-ENC-INDEX; ioctl.</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>&VIDIOC-ENCODER-CMD; and &VIDIOC-TRY-ENCODER-CMD;
+ioctls.</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>&VIDIOC-DBG-G-REGISTER; and &VIDIOC-DBG-S-REGISTER;
+ioctls.</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para>&VIDIOC-DBG-G-CHIP-IDENT; ioctl.</para>
+      </listitem>
+    </itemizedlist>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="obsolete">
+    <title>Obsolete API Elements</title>
+
+    <para>The following V4L2 API elements were superseded by new
+interfaces and should not be implemented in new drivers.</para>
+
+    <itemizedlist>
+      <listitem>
+        <para><constant>VIDIOC_G_MPEGCOMP</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_MPEGCOMP</constant> ioctls. Use Extended Controls,
+<xref linkend="extended-controls" />.</para>
+      </listitem>
+    </itemizedlist>
+  </section>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/controls.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/controls.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..f492accb691d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/controls.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,2049 @@
+  <section id="control">
+    <title>User Controls</title>
+
+    <para>Devices typically have a number of user-settable controls
+such as brightness, saturation and so on, which would be presented to
+the user on a graphical user interface. But, different devices
+will have different controls available, and furthermore, the range of
+possible values, and the default value will vary from device to
+device. The control ioctls provide the information and a mechanism to
+create a nice user interface for these controls that will work
+correctly with any device.</para>
+
+    <para>All controls are accessed using an ID value. V4L2 defines
+several IDs for specific purposes. Drivers can also implement their
+own custom controls using <constant>V4L2_CID_PRIVATE_BASE</constant>
+and higher values. The pre-defined control IDs have the prefix
+<constant>V4L2_CID_</constant>, and are listed in <xref
+linkend="control-id" />. The ID is used when querying the attributes of
+a control, and when getting or setting the current value.</para>
+
+    <para>Generally applications should present controls to the user
+without assumptions about their purpose. Each control comes with a
+name string the user is supposed to understand. When the purpose is
+non-intuitive the driver writer should provide a user manual, a user
+interface plug-in or a driver specific panel application. Predefined
+IDs were introduced to change a few controls programmatically, for
+example to mute a device during a channel switch.</para>
+
+    <para>Drivers may enumerate different controls after switching
+the current video input or output, tuner or modulator, or audio input
+or output. Different in the sense of other bounds, another default and
+current value, step size or other menu items. A control with a certain
+<emphasis>custom</emphasis> ID can also change name and
+type.<footnote>
+        <para>It will be more convenient for applications if drivers
+make use of the <constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_DISABLED</constant> flag, but
+that was never required.</para>
+      </footnote> Control values are stored globally, they do not
+change when switching except to stay within the reported bounds. They
+also do not change &eg; when the device is opened or closed, when the
+tuner radio frequency is changed or generally never without
+application request. Since V4L2 specifies no event mechanism, panel
+applications intended to cooperate with other panel applications (be
+they built into a larger application, as a TV viewer) may need to
+regularly poll control values to update their user
+interface.<footnote>
+        <para>Applications could call an ioctl to request events.
+After another process called &VIDIOC-S-CTRL; or another ioctl changing
+shared properties the &func-select; function would indicate
+readability until any ioctl (querying the properties) is
+called.</para>
+      </footnote></para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="control-id">
+      <title>Control IDs</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <thead>
+          <row>
+            <entry>ID</entry>
+            <entry>Type</entry>
+            <entry>Description</entry>
+          </row>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_BASE</constant></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>First predefined ID, equal to
+<constant>V4L2_CID_BRIGHTNESS</constant>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_USER_BASE</constant></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Synonym of <constant>V4L2_CID_BASE</constant>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_BRIGHTNESS</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Picture brightness, or more precisely, the black
+level.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_CONTRAST</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Picture contrast or luma gain.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_SATURATION</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Picture color saturation or chroma gain.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_HUE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Hue or color balance.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_VOLUME</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Overall audio volume. Note some drivers also
+provide an OSS or ALSA mixer interface.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_BALANCE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Audio stereo balance. Minimum corresponds to all
+the way left, maximum to right.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_BASS</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Audio bass adjustment.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_TREBLE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Audio treble adjustment.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_MUTE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>boolean</entry>
+            <entry>Mute audio, &ie; set the volume to zero, however
+without affecting <constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_VOLUME</constant>. Like
+ALSA drivers, V4L2 drivers must mute at load time to avoid excessive
+noise. Actually the entire device should be reset to a low power
+consumption state.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_LOUDNESS</constant></entry>
+            <entry>boolean</entry>
+            <entry>Loudness mode (bass boost).</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_BLACK_LEVEL</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Another name for brightness (not a synonym of
+<constant>V4L2_CID_BRIGHTNESS</constant>). This control is deprecated
+and should not be used in new drivers and applications.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_AUTO_WHITE_BALANCE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>boolean</entry>
+            <entry>Automatic white balance (cameras).</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_DO_WHITE_BALANCE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>button</entry>
+            <entry>This is an action control. When set (the value is
+ignored), the device will do a white balance and then hold the current
+setting. Contrast this with the boolean
+<constant>V4L2_CID_AUTO_WHITE_BALANCE</constant>, which, when
+activated, keeps adjusting the white balance.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_RED_BALANCE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Red chroma balance.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_BLUE_BALANCE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Blue chroma balance.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_GAMMA</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Gamma adjust.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_WHITENESS</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Whiteness for grey-scale devices. This is a synonym
+for <constant>V4L2_CID_GAMMA</constant>. This control is deprecated
+and should not be used in new drivers and applications.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_EXPOSURE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Exposure (cameras). [Unit?]</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_AUTOGAIN</constant></entry>
+            <entry>boolean</entry>
+            <entry>Automatic gain/exposure control.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_GAIN</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Gain control.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_HFLIP</constant></entry>
+            <entry>boolean</entry>
+            <entry>Mirror the picture horizontally.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_VFLIP</constant></entry>
+            <entry>boolean</entry>
+            <entry>Mirror the picture vertically.</entry>
+          </row>
+        <row>
+          <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_HCENTER_DEPRECATED</constant> (formerly <constant>V4L2_CID_HCENTER</constant>)</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Horizontal image centering. This control is
+deprecated. New drivers and applications should use the <link
+linkend="camera-controls">Camera class controls</link>
+<constant>V4L2_CID_PAN_ABSOLUTE</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_PAN_RELATIVE</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_CID_PAN_RESET</constant> instead.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_VCENTER_DEPRECATED</constant>
+            (formerly <constant>V4L2_CID_VCENTER</constant>)</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Vertical image centering. Centering is intended to
+<emphasis>physically</emphasis> adjust cameras. For image cropping see
+<xref linkend="crop" />, for clipping <xref linkend="overlay" />. This
+control is deprecated. New drivers and applications should use the
+<link linkend="camera-controls">Camera class controls</link>
+<constant>V4L2_CID_TILT_ABSOLUTE</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_CID_TILT_RELATIVE</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_CID_TILT_RESET</constant> instead.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="v4l2-power-line-frequency">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_POWER_LINE_FREQUENCY</constant></entry>
+            <entry>enum</entry>
+            <entry>Enables a power line frequency filter to avoid
+flicker. Possible values for <constant>enum v4l2_power_line_frequency</constant> are:
+<constant>V4L2_CID_POWER_LINE_FREQUENCY_DISABLED</constant> (0),
+<constant>V4L2_CID_POWER_LINE_FREQUENCY_50HZ</constant> (1) and
+<constant>V4L2_CID_POWER_LINE_FREQUENCY_60HZ</constant> (2).</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_HUE_AUTO</constant></entry>
+            <entry>boolean</entry>
+            <entry>Enables automatic hue control by the device. The
+effect of setting <constant>V4L2_CID_HUE</constant> while automatic
+hue control is enabled is undefined, drivers should ignore such
+request.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_WHITE_BALANCE_TEMPERATURE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>This control specifies the white balance settings
+as a color temperature in Kelvin. A driver should have a minimum of
+2800 (incandescent) to 6500 (daylight). For more information about
+color temperature see <ulink
+url="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color_temperature">Wikipedia</ulink>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_SHARPNESS</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Adjusts the sharpness filters in a camera. The
+minimum value disables the filters, higher values give a sharper
+picture.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_BACKLIGHT_COMPENSATION</constant></entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+            <entry>Adjusts the backlight compensation in a camera. The
+minimum value disables backlight compensation.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_CHROMA_AGC</constant></entry>
+            <entry>boolean</entry>
+            <entry>Chroma automatic gain control.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_COLOR_KILLER</constant></entry>
+            <entry>boolean</entry>
+            <entry>Enable the color killer (&ie; force a black &amp; white image in case of a weak video signal).</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="v4l2-colorfx">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_COLORFX</constant></entry>
+            <entry>enum</entry>
+            <entry>Selects a color effect. Possible values for
+<constant>enum v4l2_colorfx</constant> are:
+<constant>V4L2_COLORFX_NONE</constant> (0),
+<constant>V4L2_COLORFX_BW</constant> (1) and
+<constant>V4L2_COLORFX_SEPIA</constant> (2).</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_LASTP1</constant></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>End of the predefined control IDs (currently
+<constant>V4L2_CID_COLORFX</constant> + 1).</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CID_PRIVATE_BASE</constant></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>ID of the first custom (driver specific) control.
+Applications depending on particular custom controls should check the
+driver name and version, see <xref linkend="querycap" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <para>Applications can enumerate the available controls with the
+&VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL; and &VIDIOC-QUERYMENU; ioctls, get and set a
+control value with the &VIDIOC-G-CTRL; and &VIDIOC-S-CTRL; ioctls.
+Drivers must implement <constant>VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL</constant>,
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_CTRL</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_CTRL</constant> when the device has one or more
+controls, <constant>VIDIOC_QUERYMENU</constant> when it has one or
+more menu type controls.</para>
+
+    <example>
+      <title>Enumerating all controls</title>
+
+      <programlisting>
+&v4l2-queryctrl; queryctrl;
+&v4l2-querymenu; querymenu;
+
+static void
+enumerate_menu (void)
+{
+        printf ("  Menu items:\n");
+
+        memset (&amp;querymenu, 0, sizeof (querymenu));
+        querymenu.id = queryctrl.id;
+
+        for (querymenu.index = queryctrl.minimum;
+             querymenu.index &lt;= queryctrl.maximum;
+              querymenu.index++) {
+                if (0 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-QUERYMENU;, &amp;querymenu)) {
+                        printf ("  %s\n", querymenu.name);
+                } else {
+                        perror ("VIDIOC_QUERYMENU");
+                        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+                }
+        }
+}
+
+memset (&amp;queryctrl, 0, sizeof (queryctrl));
+
+for (queryctrl.id = V4L2_CID_BASE;
+     queryctrl.id &lt; V4L2_CID_LASTP1;
+     queryctrl.id++) {
+        if (0 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL;, &amp;queryctrl)) {
+                if (queryctrl.flags &amp; V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_DISABLED)
+                        continue;
+
+                printf ("Control %s\n", queryctrl.name);
+
+                if (queryctrl.type == V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_MENU)
+                        enumerate_menu ();
+        } else {
+                if (errno == EINVAL)
+                        continue;
+
+                perror ("VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL");
+                exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+}
+
+for (queryctrl.id = V4L2_CID_PRIVATE_BASE;;
+     queryctrl.id++) {
+        if (0 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL;, &amp;queryctrl)) {
+                if (queryctrl.flags &amp; V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_DISABLED)
+                        continue;
+
+                printf ("Control %s\n", queryctrl.name);
+
+                if (queryctrl.type == V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_MENU)
+                        enumerate_menu ();
+        } else {
+                if (errno == EINVAL)
+                        break;
+
+                perror ("VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL");
+                exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+}
+</programlisting>
+    </example>
+
+    <example>
+      <title>Changing controls</title>
+
+      <programlisting>
+&v4l2-queryctrl; queryctrl;
+&v4l2-control; control;
+
+memset (&amp;queryctrl, 0, sizeof (queryctrl));
+queryctrl.id = V4L2_CID_BRIGHTNESS;
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL;, &amp;queryctrl)) {
+        if (errno != EINVAL) {
+                perror ("VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL");
+                exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+        } else {
+                printf ("V4L2_CID_BRIGHTNESS is not supported\n");
+        }
+} else if (queryctrl.flags &amp; V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_DISABLED) {
+        printf ("V4L2_CID_BRIGHTNESS is not supported\n");
+} else {
+        memset (&amp;control, 0, sizeof (control));
+        control.id = V4L2_CID_BRIGHTNESS;
+        control.value = queryctrl.default_value;
+
+        if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-S-CTRL;, &amp;control)) {
+                perror ("VIDIOC_S_CTRL");
+                exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+}
+
+memset (&amp;control, 0, sizeof (control));
+control.id = V4L2_CID_CONTRAST;
+
+if (0 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-G-CTRL;, &amp;control)) {
+        control.value += 1;
+
+        /* The driver may clamp the value or return ERANGE, ignored here */
+
+        if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-S-CTRL;, &amp;control)
+            &amp;&amp; errno != ERANGE) {
+                perror ("VIDIOC_S_CTRL");
+                exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+/* Ignore if V4L2_CID_CONTRAST is unsupported */
+} else if (errno != EINVAL) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_G_CTRL");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+control.id = V4L2_CID_AUDIO_MUTE;
+control.value = TRUE; /* silence */
+
+/* Errors ignored */
+ioctl (fd, VIDIOC_S_CTRL, &amp;control);
+</programlisting>
+    </example>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="extended-controls">
+    <title>Extended Controls</title>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Introduction</title>
+
+      <para>The control mechanism as originally designed was meant
+to be used for user settings (brightness, saturation, etc). However,
+it turned out to be a very useful model for implementing more
+complicated driver APIs where each driver implements only a subset of
+a larger API.</para>
+
+      <para>The MPEG encoding API was the driving force behind
+designing and implementing this extended control mechanism: the MPEG
+standard is quite large and the currently supported hardware MPEG
+encoders each only implement a subset of this standard. Further more,
+many parameters relating to how the video is encoded into an MPEG
+stream are specific to the MPEG encoding chip since the MPEG standard
+only defines the format of the resulting MPEG stream, not how the
+video is actually encoded into that format.</para>
+
+      <para>Unfortunately, the original control API lacked some
+features needed for these new uses and so it was extended into the
+(not terribly originally named) extended control API.</para>
+
+      <para>Even though the MPEG encoding API was the first effort
+to use the Extended Control API, nowadays there are also other classes
+of Extended Controls, such as Camera Controls and FM Transmitter Controls.
+The Extended Controls API as well as all Extended Controls classes are
+described in the following text.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>The Extended Control API</title>
+
+      <para>Three new ioctls are available: &VIDIOC-G-EXT-CTRLS;,
+&VIDIOC-S-EXT-CTRLS; and &VIDIOC-TRY-EXT-CTRLS;. These ioctls act on
+arrays of controls (as opposed to the &VIDIOC-G-CTRL; and
+&VIDIOC-S-CTRL; ioctls that act on a single control). This is needed
+since it is often required to atomically change several controls at
+once.</para>
+
+      <para>Each of the new ioctls expects a pointer to a
+&v4l2-ext-controls;. This structure contains a pointer to the control
+array, a count of the number of controls in that array and a control
+class. Control classes are used to group similar controls into a
+single class. For example, control class
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_USER</constant> contains all user controls
+(&ie; all controls that can also be set using the old
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_CTRL</constant> ioctl). Control class
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_MPEG</constant> contains all controls
+relating to MPEG encoding, etc.</para>
+
+      <para>All controls in the control array must belong to the
+specified control class. An error is returned if this is not the
+case.</para>
+
+      <para>It is also possible to use an empty control array (count
+== 0) to check whether the specified control class is
+supported.</para>
+
+      <para>The control array is a &v4l2-ext-control; array. The
+<structname>v4l2_ext_control</structname> structure is very similar to
+&v4l2-control;, except for the fact that it also allows for 64-bit
+values and pointers to be passed.</para>
+
+      <para>It is important to realize that due to the flexibility of
+controls it is necessary to check whether the control you want to set
+actually is supported in the driver and what the valid range of values
+is. So use the &VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL; and &VIDIOC-QUERYMENU; ioctls to
+check this. Also note that it is possible that some of the menu
+indices in a control of type <constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_MENU</constant>
+may not be supported (<constant>VIDIOC_QUERYMENU</constant> will
+return an error). A good example is the list of supported MPEG audio
+bitrates. Some drivers only support one or two bitrates, others
+support a wider range.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Enumerating Extended Controls</title>
+
+      <para>The recommended way to enumerate over the extended
+controls is by using &VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL; in combination with the
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_NEXT_CTRL</constant> flag:</para>
+
+      <informalexample>
+        <programlisting>
+&v4l2-queryctrl; qctrl;
+
+qctrl.id = V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_NEXT_CTRL;
+while (0 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL;, &amp;qctrl)) {
+        /* ... */
+        qctrl.id |= V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_NEXT_CTRL;
+}
+</programlisting>
+      </informalexample>
+
+      <para>The initial control ID is set to 0 ORed with the
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_NEXT_CTRL</constant> flag. The
+<constant>VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL</constant> ioctl will return the first
+control with a higher ID than the specified one. When no such controls
+are found an error is returned.</para>
+
+      <para>If you want to get all controls within a specific control
+class, then you can set the initial
+<structfield>qctrl.id</structfield> value to the control class and add
+an extra check to break out of the loop when a control of another
+control class is found:</para>
+
+      <informalexample>
+        <programlisting>
+qctrl.id = V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_MPEG | V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_NEXT_CTRL;
+while (0 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL;, &amp;qctrl)) {
+        if (V4L2_CTRL_ID2CLASS (qctrl.id) != V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_MPEG)
+                break;
+                /* ... */
+                qctrl.id |= V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_NEXT_CTRL;
+        }
+</programlisting>
+      </informalexample>
+
+      <para>The 32-bit <structfield>qctrl.id</structfield> value is
+subdivided into three bit ranges: the top 4 bits are reserved for
+flags (&eg; <constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_NEXT_CTRL</constant>) and are not
+actually part of the ID. The remaining 28 bits form the control ID, of
+which the most significant 12 bits define the control class and the
+least significant 16 bits identify the control within the control
+class. It is guaranteed that these last 16 bits are always non-zero
+for controls. The range of 0x1000 and up are reserved for
+driver-specific controls. The macro
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_ID2CLASS(id)</constant> returns the control class
+ID based on a control ID.</para>
+
+      <para>If the driver does not support extended controls, then
+<constant>VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL</constant> will fail when used in
+combination with <constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_NEXT_CTRL</constant>. In
+that case the old method of enumerating control should be used (see
+1.8). But if it is supported, then it is guaranteed to enumerate over
+all controls, including driver-private controls.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Creating Control Panels</title>
+
+      <para>It is possible to create control panels for a graphical
+user interface where the user can select the various controls.
+Basically you will have to iterate over all controls using the method
+described above. Each control class starts with a control of type
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_CTRL_CLASS</constant>.
+<constant>VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL</constant> will return the name of this
+control class which can be used as the title of a tab page within a
+control panel.</para>
+
+      <para>The flags field of &v4l2-queryctrl; also contains hints on
+the behavior of the control. See the &VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL; documentation
+for more details.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section id="mpeg-controls">
+      <title>MPEG Control Reference</title>
+
+      <para>Below all controls within the MPEG control class are
+described. First the generic controls, then controls specific for
+certain hardware.</para>
+
+      <section>
+        <title>Generic MPEG Controls</title>
+
+        <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="mpeg-control-id">
+          <title>MPEG Control IDs</title>
+          <tgroup cols="4">
+            <colspec colname="c1" colwidth="1*" />
+            <colspec colname="c2" colwidth="6*" />
+            <colspec colname="c3" colwidth="2*" />
+            <colspec colname="c4" colwidth="6*" />
+            <spanspec namest="c1" nameend="c2" spanname="id" />
+            <spanspec namest="c2" nameend="c4" spanname="descr" />
+            <thead>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id" align="left">ID</entry>
+                <entry align="left">Type</entry>
+              </row><row rowsep="1"><entry spanname="descr" align="left">Description</entry>
+              </row>
+            </thead>
+            <tbody valign="top">
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_CLASS</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>class</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">The MPEG class
+descriptor. Calling &VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL; for this control will return a
+description of this control class. This description can be used as the
+caption of a Tab page in a GUI, for example.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-stream-type">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_TYPE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_stream_type</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">The MPEG-1, -2 or -4
+output stream type. One cannot assume anything here. Each hardware
+MPEG encoder tends to support different subsets of the available MPEG
+stream types. The currently defined stream types are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_TYPE_MPEG2_PS</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>MPEG-2 program stream</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_TYPE_MPEG2_TS</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>MPEG-2 transport stream</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_TYPE_MPEG1_SS</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>MPEG-1 system stream</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_TYPE_MPEG2_DVD</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>MPEG-2 DVD-compatible stream</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_TYPE_MPEG1_VCD</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>MPEG-1 VCD-compatible stream</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_TYPE_MPEG2_SVCD</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>MPEG-2 SVCD-compatible stream</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_PID_PMT</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Program Map Table
+Packet ID for the MPEG transport stream (default 16)</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_PID_AUDIO</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Audio Packet ID for
+the MPEG transport stream (default 256)</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_PID_VIDEO</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Video Packet ID for
+the MPEG transport stream (default 260)</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_PID_PCR</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Packet ID for the
+MPEG transport stream carrying PCR fields (default 259)</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_PES_ID_AUDIO</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Audio ID for MPEG
+PES</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_PES_ID_VIDEO</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Video ID for MPEG
+PES</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-stream-vbi-fmt">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_VBI_FMT</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_stream_vbi_fmt</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Some cards can embed
+VBI data (&eg; Closed Caption, Teletext) into the MPEG stream. This
+control selects whether VBI data should be embedded, and if so, what
+embedding method should be used. The list of possible VBI formats
+depends on the driver. The currently defined VBI format types
+are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_VBI_FMT_NONE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>No VBI in the MPEG stream</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_VBI_FMT_IVTV</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>VBI in private packets, IVTV format (documented
+in the kernel sources in the file <filename>Documentation/video4linux/cx2341x/README.vbi</filename>)</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-audio-sampling-freq">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_SAMPLING_FREQ</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_audio_sampling_freq</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">MPEG Audio sampling
+frequency. Possible values are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_SAMPLING_FREQ_44100</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>44.1 kHz</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_SAMPLING_FREQ_48000</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>48 kHz</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_SAMPLING_FREQ_32000</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>32 kHz</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-audio-encoding">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_ENCODING</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_audio_encoding</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">MPEG Audio encoding.
+Possible values are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_ENCODING_LAYER_1</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>MPEG-1/2 Layer I encoding</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_ENCODING_LAYER_2</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>MPEG-1/2 Layer II encoding</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_ENCODING_LAYER_3</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>MPEG-1/2 Layer III encoding</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_ENCODING_AAC</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>MPEG-2/4 AAC (Advanced Audio Coding)</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_ENCODING_AC3</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>AC-3 aka ATSC A/52 encoding</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-audio-l1-bitrate">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_audio_l1_bitrate</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">MPEG-1/2 Layer I bitrate.
+Possible values are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_32K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>32 kbit/s</entry></row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_64K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>64 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_96K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>96 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_128K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>128 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_160K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>160 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_192K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>192 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_224K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>224 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_256K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>256 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_288K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>288 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_320K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>320 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_352K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>352 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_384K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>384 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_416K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>416 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_448K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>448 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-audio-l2-bitrate">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_audio_l2_bitrate</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">MPEG-1/2 Layer II bitrate.
+Possible values are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_32K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>32 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_48K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>48 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_56K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>56 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_64K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>64 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_80K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>80 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_96K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>96 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_112K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>112 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_128K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>128 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_160K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>160 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_192K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>192 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_224K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>224 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_256K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>256 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_320K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>320 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_384K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>384 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-audio-l3-bitrate">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_audio_l3_bitrate</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">MPEG-1/2 Layer III bitrate.
+Possible values are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_32K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>32 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_40K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>40 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_48K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>48 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_56K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>56 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_64K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>64 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_80K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>80 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_96K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>96 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_112K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>112 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_128K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>128 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_160K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>160 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_192K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>192 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_224K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>224 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_256K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>256 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_320K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>320 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_AAC_BITRATE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">AAC bitrate in bits per second.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-audio-ac3-bitrate">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_audio_ac3_bitrate</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">AC-3 bitrate.
+Possible values are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_32K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>32 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_40K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>40 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_48K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>48 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_56K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>56 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_64K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>64 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_80K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>80 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_96K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>96 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_112K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>112 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_128K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>128 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_160K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>160 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_192K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>192 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_224K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>224 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_256K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>256 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_320K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>320 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_384K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>384 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_448K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>448 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_512K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>512 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_576K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>576 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_640K</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>640 kbit/s</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-audio-mode">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_audio_mode</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">MPEG Audio mode.
+Possible values are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_STEREO</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Stereo</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_JOINT_STEREO</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Joint Stereo</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_DUAL</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Bilingual</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_MONO</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Mono</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-audio-mode-extension">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_EXTENSION</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_audio_mode_extension</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Joint Stereo
+audio mode extension. In Layer I and II they indicate which subbands
+are in intensity stereo. All other subbands are coded in stereo. Layer
+III is not (yet) supported. Possible values
+are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_EXTENSION_BOUND_4</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Subbands 4-31 in intensity stereo</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_EXTENSION_BOUND_8</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Subbands 8-31 in intensity stereo</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_EXTENSION_BOUND_12</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Subbands 12-31 in intensity stereo</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_EXTENSION_BOUND_16</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Subbands 16-31 in intensity stereo</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-audio-emphasis">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_EMPHASIS</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_audio_emphasis</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Audio Emphasis.
+Possible values are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_EMPHASIS_NONE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>None</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_EMPHASIS_50_DIV_15_uS</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>50/15 microsecond emphasis</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_EMPHASIS_CCITT_J17</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>CCITT J.17</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-audio-crc">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_CRC</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_audio_crc</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">CRC method. Possible
+values are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_CRC_NONE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>None</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_CRC_CRC16</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>16 bit parity check</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_MUTE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>boolean</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Mutes the audio when
+capturing. This is not done by muting audio hardware, which can still
+produce a slight hiss, but in the encoder itself, guaranteeing a fixed
+and reproducable audio bitstream. 0 = unmuted, 1 = muted.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-video-encoding">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_ENCODING</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_video_encoding</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">MPEG Video encoding
+method. Possible values are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_ENCODING_MPEG_1</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>MPEG-1 Video encoding</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_ENCODING_MPEG_2</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>MPEG-2 Video encoding</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_ENCODING_MPEG_4_AVC</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>MPEG-4 AVC (H.264) Video encoding</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-video-aspect">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_ASPECT</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_video_aspect</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Video aspect.
+Possible values are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_ASPECT_1x1</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_ASPECT_4x3</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_ASPECT_16x9</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_ASPECT_221x100</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_B_FRAMES</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Number of B-Frames
+(default 2)</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_GOP_SIZE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">GOP size (default
+12)</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_GOP_CLOSURE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>boolean</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">GOP closure (default
+1)</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_PULLDOWN</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>boolean</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Enable 3:2 pulldown
+(default 0)</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-video-bitrate-mode">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_BITRATE_MODE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_video_bitrate_mode</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Video bitrate mode.
+Possible values are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_BITRATE_MODE_VBR</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Variable bitrate</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_BITRATE_MODE_CBR</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Constant bitrate</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_BITRATE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Video bitrate in bits
+per second.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_BITRATE_PEAK</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Peak video bitrate in
+bits per second. Must be larger or equal to the average video bitrate.
+It is ignored if the video bitrate mode is set to constant
+bitrate.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_TEMPORAL_DECIMATION</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">For every captured
+frame, skip this many subsequent frames (default 0).</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_MUTE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>boolean</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry spanname="descr">"Mutes" the video to a
+fixed color when capturing. This is useful for testing, to produce a
+fixed video bitstream. 0 = unmuted, 1 = muted.</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_MUTE_YUV</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Sets the "mute" color
+of the video. The supplied 32-bit integer is interpreted as follows (bit
+0 = least significant bit):</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>Bit 0:7</entry>
+                      <entry>V chrominance information</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>Bit 8:15</entry>
+                      <entry>U chrominance information</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>Bit 16:23</entry>
+                      <entry>Y luminance information</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>Bit 24:31</entry>
+                      <entry>Must be zero.</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+            </tbody>
+          </tgroup>
+        </table>
+      </section>
+
+      <section>
+        <title>CX2341x MPEG Controls</title>
+
+        <para>The following MPEG class controls deal with MPEG
+encoding settings that are specific to the Conexant CX23415 and
+CX23416 MPEG encoding chips.</para>
+
+        <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="cx2341x-control-id">
+          <title>CX2341x Control IDs</title>
+          <tgroup cols="4">
+            <colspec colname="c1" colwidth="1*" />
+            <colspec colname="c2" colwidth="6*" />
+            <colspec colname="c3" colwidth="2*" />
+            <colspec colname="c4" colwidth="6*" />
+            <spanspec namest="c1" nameend="c2" spanname="id" />
+            <spanspec namest="c2" nameend="c4" spanname="descr" />
+            <thead>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id" align="left">ID</entry>
+                <entry align="left">Type</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr" align="left">Description</entry>
+              </row>
+            </thead>
+            <tbody valign="top">
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-cx2341x-video-spatial-filter-mode">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_SPATIAL_FILTER_MODE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_cx2341x_video_spatial_filter_mode</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Sets the Spatial
+Filter mode (default <constant>MANUAL</constant>). Possible values
+are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_SPATIAL_FILTER_MODE_MANUAL</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Choose the filter manually</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_SPATIAL_FILTER_MODE_AUTO</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Choose the filter automatically</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_SPATIAL_FILTER</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer&nbsp;(0-15)</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">The setting for the
+Spatial Filter. 0 = off, 15 = maximum. (Default is 0.)</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="luma-spatial-filter-type">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_LUMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_cx2341x_video_luma_spatial_filter_type</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Select the algorithm
+to use for the Luma Spatial Filter (default
+<constant>1D_HOR</constant>). Possible values:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_LUMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE_OFF</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>No filter</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_LUMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE_1D_HOR</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>One-dimensional horizontal</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_LUMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE_1D_VERT</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>One-dimensional vertical</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_LUMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE_2D_HV_SEPARABLE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Two-dimensional separable</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_LUMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE_2D_SYM_NON_SEPARABLE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Two-dimensional symmetrical
+non-separable</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="chroma-spatial-filter-type">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_CHROMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_cx2341x_video_chroma_spatial_filter_type</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Select the algorithm
+for the Chroma Spatial Filter (default <constant>1D_HOR</constant>).
+Possible values are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_CHROMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE_OFF</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>No filter</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_CHROMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE_1D_HOR</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>One-dimensional horizontal</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-cx2341x-video-temporal-filter-mode">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_TEMPORAL_FILTER_MODE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_cx2341x_video_temporal_filter_mode</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Sets the Temporal
+Filter mode (default <constant>MANUAL</constant>). Possible values
+are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_TEMPORAL_FILTER_MODE_MANUAL</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Choose the filter manually</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_TEMPORAL_FILTER_MODE_AUTO</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Choose the filter automatically</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_TEMPORAL_FILTER</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer&nbsp;(0-31)</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">The setting for the
+Temporal Filter. 0 = off, 31 = maximum. (Default is 8 for full-scale
+capturing and 0 for scaled capturing.)</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row id="v4l2-mpeg-cx2341x-video-median-filter-type">
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_MEDIAN_FILTER_TYPE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_mpeg_cx2341x_video_median_filter_type</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Median Filter Type
+(default <constant>OFF</constant>). Possible values are:</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row>
+                <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_MEDIAN_FILTER_TYPE_OFF</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>No filter</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_MEDIAN_FILTER_TYPE_HOR</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Horizontal filter</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_MEDIAN_FILTER_TYPE_VERT</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Vertical filter</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_MEDIAN_FILTER_TYPE_HOR_VERT</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Horizontal and vertical filter</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_MEDIAN_FILTER_TYPE_DIAG</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Diagonal filter</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_LUMA_MEDIAN_FILTER_BOTTOM</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer&nbsp;(0-255)</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Threshold above which
+the luminance median filter is enabled (default 0)</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_LUMA_MEDIAN_FILTER_TOP</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer&nbsp;(0-255)</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Threshold below which
+the luminance median filter is enabled (default 255)</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_CHROMA_MEDIAN_FILTER_BOTTOM</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer&nbsp;(0-255)</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Threshold above which
+the chroma median filter is enabled (default 0)</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_CHROMA_MEDIAN_FILTER_TOP</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>integer&nbsp;(0-255)</entry>
+              </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Threshold below which
+the chroma median filter is enabled (default 255)</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry></entry></row>
+              <row>
+                <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_STREAM_INSERT_NAV_PACKETS</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                <entry>boolean</entry>
+              </row>
+              <row><entry spanname="descr">The CX2341X MPEG encoder
+can insert one empty MPEG-2 PES packet into the stream between every
+four video frames. The packet size is 2048 bytes, including the
+packet_start_code_prefix and stream_id fields. The stream_id is 0xBF
+(private stream 2). The payload consists of 0x00 bytes, to be filled
+in by the application. 0 = do not insert, 1 = insert packets.</entry>
+              </row>
+            </tbody>
+          </tgroup>
+        </table>
+      </section>
+    </section>
+
+    <section id="camera-controls">
+      <title>Camera Control Reference</title>
+
+      <para>The Camera class includes controls for mechanical (or
+equivalent digital) features of a device such as controllable lenses
+or sensors.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="camera-control-id">
+      <title>Camera Control IDs</title>
+      <tgroup cols="4">
+        <colspec colname="c1" colwidth="1*" />
+        <colspec colname="c2" colwidth="6*" />
+        <colspec colname="c3" colwidth="2*" />
+        <colspec colname="c4" colwidth="6*" />
+        <spanspec namest="c1" nameend="c2" spanname="id" />
+        <spanspec namest="c2" nameend="c4" spanname="descr" />
+        <thead>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id" align="left">ID</entry>
+            <entry align="left">Type</entry>
+          </row><row rowsep="1"><entry spanname="descr" align="left">Description</entry>
+          </row>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>class</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">The Camera class
+descriptor. Calling &VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL; for this control will return a
+description of this control class.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+
+          <row id="v4l2-exposure-auto-type">
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_EXPOSURE_AUTO</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>enum&nbsp;v4l2_exposure_auto_type</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Enables automatic
+adjustments of the exposure time and/or iris aperture. The effect of
+manual changes of the exposure time or iris aperture while these
+features are enabled is undefined, drivers should ignore such
+requests. Possible values are:</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+              <tbody valign="top">
+                <row>
+                  <entry><constant>V4L2_EXPOSURE_AUTO</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>Automatic exposure time, automatic iris
+aperture.</entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry><constant>V4L2_EXPOSURE_MANUAL</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                  <entry>Manual exposure time, manual iris.</entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry><constant>V4L2_EXPOSURE_SHUTTER_PRIORITY</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                  <entry>Manual exposure time, auto iris.</entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry><constant>V4L2_EXPOSURE_APERTURE_PRIORITY</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                  <entry>Auto exposure time, manual iris.</entry>
+                </row>
+              </tbody>
+            </entrytbl>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_EXPOSURE_ABSOLUTE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Determines the exposure
+time of the camera sensor. The exposure time is limited by the frame
+interval. Drivers should interpret the values as 100 &micro;s units,
+where the value 1 stands for 1/10000th of a second, 10000 for 1 second
+and 100000 for 10 seconds.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_EXPOSURE_AUTO_PRIORITY</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>boolean</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">When
+<constant>V4L2_CID_EXPOSURE_AUTO</constant> is set to
+<constant>AUTO</constant> or <constant>APERTURE_PRIORITY</constant>,
+this control determines if the device may dynamically vary the frame
+rate. By default this feature is disabled (0) and the frame rate must
+remain constant.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_PAN_RELATIVE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">This control turns the
+camera horizontally by the specified amount. The unit is undefined. A
+positive value moves the camera to the right (clockwise when viewed
+from above), a negative value to the left. A value of zero does not
+cause motion. This is a write-only control.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_TILT_RELATIVE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">This control turns the
+camera vertically by the specified amount. The unit is undefined. A
+positive value moves the camera up, a negative value down. A value of
+zero does not cause motion. This is a write-only control.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_PAN_RESET</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>button</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">When this control is set,
+the camera moves horizontally to the default position.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_TILT_RESET</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>button</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">When this control is set,
+the camera moves vertically to the default position.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_PAN_ABSOLUTE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">This control
+turns the camera horizontally to the specified position. Positive
+values move the camera to the right (clockwise when viewed from above),
+negative values to the left. Drivers should interpret the values as arc
+seconds, with valid values between -180 * 3600 and +180 * 3600
+inclusive.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_TILT_ABSOLUTE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">This control
+turns the camera vertically to the specified position. Positive values
+move the camera up, negative values down. Drivers should interpret the
+values as arc seconds, with valid values between -180 * 3600 and +180
+* 3600 inclusive.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_FOCUS_ABSOLUTE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">This control sets the
+focal point of the camera to the specified position. The unit is
+undefined. Positive values set the focus closer to the camera,
+negative values towards infinity.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_FOCUS_RELATIVE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">This control moves the
+focal point of the camera by the specified amount. The unit is
+undefined. Positive values move the focus closer to the camera,
+negative values towards infinity. This is a write-only control.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_FOCUS_AUTO</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>boolean</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Enables automatic focus
+adjustments. The effect of manual focus adjustments while this feature
+is enabled is undefined, drivers should ignore such requests.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_ZOOM_ABSOLUTE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Specify the objective lens
+focal length as an absolute value. The zoom unit is driver-specific and its
+value should be a positive integer.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_ZOOM_RELATIVE</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Specify the objective lens
+focal length relatively to the current value. Positive values move the zoom
+lens group towards the telephoto direction, negative values towards the
+wide-angle direction. The zoom unit is driver-specific. This is a write-only control.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_ZOOM_CONTINUOUS</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Move the objective lens group
+at the specified speed until it reaches physical device limits or until an
+explicit request to stop the movement. A positive value moves the zoom lens
+group towards the telephoto direction. A value of zero stops the zoom lens
+group movement. A negative value moves the zoom lens group towards the
+wide-angle direction. The zoom speed unit is driver-specific.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_PRIVACY</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>boolean</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Prevent video from being acquired
+by the camera. When this control is set to <constant>TRUE</constant> (1), no
+image can be captured by the camera. Common means to enforce privacy are
+mechanical obturation of the sensor and firmware image processing, but the
+device is not restricted to these methods. Devices that implement the privacy
+control must support read access and may support write access.</entry>
+          </row>
+
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_BAND_STOP_FILTER</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">Switch the band-stop filter of a
+camera sensor on or off, or specify its strength. Such band-stop filters can
+be used, for example, to filter out the fluorescent light component.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </section>
+
+    <section id="fm-tx-controls">
+      <title>FM Transmitter Control Reference</title>
+
+      <para>The FM Transmitter (FM_TX) class includes controls for common features of
+FM transmissions capable devices. Currently this class includes parameters for audio
+compression, pilot tone generation, audio deviation limiter, RDS transmission and
+tuning power features.</para>
+
+      <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="fm-tx-control-id">
+      <title>FM_TX Control IDs</title>
+
+      <tgroup cols="4">
+        <colspec colname="c1" colwidth="1*" />
+        <colspec colname="c2" colwidth="6*" />
+        <colspec colname="c3" colwidth="2*" />
+        <colspec colname="c4" colwidth="6*" />
+        <spanspec namest="c1" nameend="c2" spanname="id" />
+        <spanspec namest="c2" nameend="c4" spanname="descr" />
+        <thead>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id" align="left">ID</entry>
+            <entry align="left">Type</entry>
+          </row><row rowsep="1"><entry spanname="descr" align="left">Description</entry>
+          </row>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>class</entry>
+          </row><row><entry spanname="descr">The FM_TX class
+descriptor. Calling &VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL; for this control will return a
+description of this control class.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_RDS_TX_DEVIATION</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">Configures RDS signal frequency deviation level in Hz.
+The range and step are driver-specific.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_RDS_TX_PI</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">Sets the RDS Programme Identification field
+for transmission.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_RDS_TX_PTY</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">Sets the RDS Programme Type field for transmission.
+This encodes up to 31 pre-defined programme types.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_RDS_TX_PS_NAME</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>string</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">Sets the Programme Service name (PS_NAME) for transmission.
+It is intended for static display on a receiver. It is the primary aid to listeners in programme service
+identification and selection.  In Annex E of <xref linkend="en50067" />, the RDS specification,
+there is a full description of the correct character encoding for Programme Service name strings.
+Also from RDS specification, PS is usually a single eight character text. However, it is also possible
+to find receivers which can scroll strings sized as 8 x N characters. So, this control must be configured
+with steps of 8 characters. The result is it must always contain a string with size multiple of 8.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_RDS_TX_RADIO_TEXT</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>string</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">Sets the Radio Text info for transmission. It is a textual description of
+what is being broadcasted. RDS Radio Text can be applied when broadcaster wishes to transmit longer PS names,
+programme-related information or any other text. In these cases, RadioText should be used in addition to
+<constant>V4L2_CID_RDS_TX_PS_NAME</constant>. The encoding for Radio Text strings is also fully described
+in Annex E of <xref linkend="en50067" />. The length of Radio Text strings depends on which RDS Block is being
+used to transmit it, either 32 (2A block) or 64 (2B block).  However, it is also possible
+to find receivers which can scroll strings sized as 32 x N or 64 x N characters. So, this control must be configured
+with steps of 32 or 64 characters. The result is it must always contain a string with size multiple of 32 or 64. </entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_LIMITER_ENABLED</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>boolean</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">Enables or disables the audio deviation limiter feature.
+The limiter is useful when trying to maximize the audio volume, minimize receiver-generated
+distortion and prevent overmodulation.
+</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_LIMITER_RELEASE_TIME</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">Sets the audio deviation limiter feature release time.
+Unit is in useconds. Step and range are driver-specific.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_LIMITER_DEVIATION</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">Configures audio frequency deviation level in Hz.
+The range and step are driver-specific.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_COMPRESSION_ENABLED</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>boolean</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">Enables or disables the audio compression feature.
+This feature amplifies signals below the threshold by a fixed gain and compresses audio
+signals above the threshold by the ratio of Threshold/(Gain + Threshold).</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_COMPRESSION_GAIN</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">Sets the gain for audio compression feature. It is
+a dB value. The range and step are driver-specific.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_COMPRESSION_THRESHOLD</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">Sets the threshold level for audio compression freature.
+It is a dB value. The range and step are driver-specific.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_COMPRESSION_ATTACK_TIME</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">Sets the attack time for audio compression feature.
+It is a useconds value. The range and step are driver-specific.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_AUDIO_COMPRESSION_RELEASE_TIME</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">Sets the release time for audio compression feature.
+It is a useconds value. The range and step are driver-specific.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_PILOT_TONE_ENABLED</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>boolean</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">Enables or disables the pilot tone generation feature.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_PILOT_TONE_DEVIATION</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">Configures pilot tone frequency deviation level. Unit is
+in Hz. The range and step are driver-specific.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_PILOT_TONE_FREQUENCY</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">Configures pilot tone frequency value. Unit is
+in Hz. The range and step are driver-specific.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_TUNE_PREEMPHASIS</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="v4l2-preemphasis"><entry spanname="descr">Configures the pre-emphasis value for broadcasting.
+A pre-emphasis filter is applied to the broadcast to accentuate the high audio frequencies.
+Depending on the region, a time constant of either 50 or 75 useconds is used. The enum&nbsp;v4l2_preemphasis
+defines possible values for pre-emphasis. Here they are:</entry>
+        </row><row>
+        <entrytbl spanname="descr" cols="2">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_PREEMPHASIS_DISABLED</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>No pre-emphasis is applied.</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_PREEMPHASIS_50_uS</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>A pre-emphasis of 50 uS is used.</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry><constant>V4L2_PREEMPHASIS_75_uS</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+                      <entry>A pre-emphasis of 75 uS is used.</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </entrytbl>
+
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_TUNE_POWER_LEVEL</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">Sets the output power level for signal transmission.
+Unit is in dBuV. Range and step are driver-specific.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="id"><constant>V4L2_CID_TUNE_ANTENNA_CAPACITOR</constant>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>integer</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry spanname="descr">This selects the value of antenna tuning capacitor
+manually or automatically if set to zero. Unit, range and step are driver-specific.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><entry></entry></row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+      </table>
+
+<para>For more details about RDS specification, refer to
+<xref linkend="en50067" /> document, from CENELEC.</para>
+    </section>
+</section>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "common.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/crop.gif b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/crop.gif
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..3b9e7d836d4b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/crop.gif
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/crop.pdf b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/crop.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..c9fb81cd32f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/crop.pdf
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-capture.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-capture.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..32807e43f170
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-capture.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+  <title>Video Capture Interface</title>
+
+  <para>Video capture devices sample an analog video signal and store
+the digitized images in memory. Today nearly all devices can capture
+at full 25 or 30 frames/second. With this interface applications can
+control the capture process and move images from the driver into user
+space.</para>
+
+  <para>Conventionally V4L2 video capture devices are accessed through
+character device special files named <filename>/dev/video</filename>
+and <filename>/dev/video0</filename> to
+<filename>/dev/video63</filename> with major number 81 and minor
+numbers 0 to 63. <filename>/dev/video</filename> is typically a
+symbolic link to the preferred video device. Note the same device
+files are used for video output devices.</para>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Querying Capabilities</title>
+
+    <para>Devices supporting the video capture interface set the
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant> flag in the
+<structfield>capabilities</structfield> field of &v4l2-capability;
+returned by the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl. As secondary device functions
+they may also support the <link linkend="overlay">video overlay</link>
+(<constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OVERLAY</constant>) and the <link
+linkend="raw-vbi">raw VBI capture</link>
+(<constant>V4L2_CAP_VBI_CAPTURE</constant>) interface. At least one of
+the read/write or streaming I/O methods must be supported. Tuners and
+audio inputs are optional.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Supplemental Functions</title>
+
+    <para>Video capture devices shall support <link
+linkend="audio">audio input</link>, <link
+linkend="tuner">tuner</link>, <link linkend="control">controls</link>,
+<link linkend="crop">cropping and scaling</link> and <link
+linkend="streaming-par">streaming parameter</link> ioctls as needed.
+The <link linkend="video">video input</link> and <link
+linkend="standard">video standard</link> ioctls must be supported by
+all video capture devices.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Image Format Negotiation</title>
+
+    <para>The result of a capture operation is determined by
+cropping and image format parameters. The former select an area of the
+video picture to capture, the latter how images are stored in memory,
+&ie; in RGB or YUV format, the number of bits per pixel or width and
+height. Together they also define how images are scaled in the
+process.</para>
+
+    <para>As usual these parameters are <emphasis>not</emphasis> reset
+at &func-open; time to permit Unix tool chains, programming a device
+and then reading from it as if it was a plain file. Well written V4L2
+applications ensure they really get what they want, including cropping
+and scaling.</para>
+
+    <para>Cropping initialization at minimum requires to reset the
+parameters to defaults. An example is given in <xref
+linkend="crop" />.</para>
+
+    <para>To query the current image format applications set the
+<structfield>type</structfield> field of a &v4l2-format; to
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant> and call the
+&VIDIOC-G-FMT; ioctl with a pointer to this structure. Drivers fill
+the &v4l2-pix-format; <structfield>pix</structfield> member of the
+<structfield>fmt</structfield> union.</para>
+
+    <para>To request different parameters applications set the
+<structfield>type</structfield> field of a &v4l2-format; as above and
+initialize all fields of the &v4l2-pix-format;
+<structfield>vbi</structfield> member of the
+<structfield>fmt</structfield> union, or better just modify the
+results of <constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant>, and call the
+&VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl with a pointer to this structure. Drivers may
+adjust the parameters and finally return the actual parameters as
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant> does.</para>
+
+    <para>Like <constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> the
+&VIDIOC-TRY-FMT; ioctl can be used to learn about hardware limitations
+without disabling I/O or possibly time consuming hardware
+preparations.</para>
+
+    <para>The contents of &v4l2-pix-format; are discussed in <xref
+linkend="pixfmt" />. See also the specification of the
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant>, <constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant>
+and <constant>VIDIOC_TRY_FMT</constant> ioctls for details. Video
+capture devices must implement both the
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> ioctl, even if
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> ignores all requests and always
+returns default parameters as <constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant> does.
+<constant>VIDIOC_TRY_FMT</constant> is optional.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Reading Images</title>
+
+    <para>A video capture device may support the <link
+linkend="rw">read() function</link> and/or streaming (<link
+linkend="mmap">memory mapping</link> or <link
+linkend="userp">user pointer</link>) I/O. See <xref
+linkend="io" /> for details.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-codec.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-codec.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..6e156dc45b94
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-codec.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+  <title>Codec Interface</title>
+
+  <note>
+    <title>Suspended</title>
+
+    <para>This interface has been be suspended from the V4L2 API
+implemented in Linux 2.6 until we have more experience with codec
+device interfaces.</para>
+  </note>
+
+  <para>A V4L2 codec can compress, decompress, transform, or otherwise
+convert video data from one format into another format, in memory.
+Applications send data to be converted to the driver through a
+&func-write; call, and receive the converted data through a
+&func-read; call. For efficiency a driver may also support streaming
+I/O.</para>
+
+  <para>[to do]</para>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-effect.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-effect.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..9c243beba0e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-effect.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+  <title>Effect Devices Interface</title>
+
+  <note>
+    <title>Suspended</title>
+
+    <para>This interface has been be suspended from the V4L2 API
+implemented in Linux 2.6 until we have more experience with effect
+device interfaces.</para>
+  </note>
+
+  <para>A V4L2 video effect device can do image effects, filtering, or
+combine two or more images or image streams. For example video
+transitions or wipes. Applications send data to be processed and
+receive the result data either with &func-read; and &func-write;
+functions, or through the streaming I/O mechanism.</para>
+
+  <para>[to do]</para>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-osd.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-osd.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..c9a68a2ccd33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-osd.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+  <title>Video Output Overlay Interface</title>
+  <subtitle>Also known as On-Screen Display (OSD)</subtitle>
+
+  <note>
+    <title>Experimental</title>
+
+    <para>This is an <link linkend="experimental">experimental</link>
+interface and may change in the future.</para>
+  </note>
+
+  <para>Some video output devices can overlay a framebuffer image onto
+the outgoing video signal. Applications can set up such an overlay
+using this interface, which borrows structures and ioctls of the <link
+linkend="overlay">Video Overlay</link> interface.</para>
+
+  <para>The OSD function is accessible through the same character
+special file as the <link linkend="capture">Video Output</link> function.
+Note the default function of such a <filename>/dev/video</filename> device
+is video capturing or output. The OSD function is only available after
+calling the &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl.</para>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Querying Capabilities</title>
+
+    <para>Devices supporting the <wordasword>Video Output
+Overlay</wordasword> interface set the
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OUTPUT_OVERLAY</constant> flag in the
+<structfield>capabilities</structfield> field of &v4l2-capability;
+returned by the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Framebuffer</title>
+
+    <para>Contrary to the <wordasword>Video Overlay</wordasword>
+interface the framebuffer is normally implemented on the TV card and
+not the graphics card. On Linux it is accessible as a framebuffer
+device (<filename>/dev/fbN</filename>). Given a V4L2 device,
+applications can find the corresponding framebuffer device by calling
+the &VIDIOC-G-FBUF; ioctl. It returns, amongst other information, the
+physical address of the framebuffer in the
+<structfield>base</structfield> field of &v4l2-framebuffer;. The
+framebuffer device ioctl <constant>FBIOGET_FSCREENINFO</constant>
+returns the same address in the <structfield>smem_start</structfield>
+field of struct <structname>fb_fix_screeninfo</structname>. The
+<constant>FBIOGET_FSCREENINFO</constant> ioctl and struct
+<structname>fb_fix_screeninfo</structname> are defined in the
+<filename>linux/fb.h</filename> header file.</para>
+
+    <para>The width and height of the framebuffer depends on the
+current video standard. A V4L2 driver may reject attempts to change
+the video standard (or any other ioctl which would imply a framebuffer
+size change) with an &EBUSY; until all applications closed the
+framebuffer device.</para>
+
+    <example>
+      <title>Finding a framebuffer device for OSD</title>
+
+      <programlisting>
+#include &lt;linux/fb.h&gt;
+
+&v4l2-framebuffer; fbuf;
+unsigned int i;
+int fb_fd;
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, VIDIOC_G_FBUF, &amp;fbuf)) {
+        perror ("VIDIOC_G_FBUF");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+for (i = 0; i &gt; 30; ++i) {
+        char dev_name[16];
+        struct fb_fix_screeninfo si;
+
+        snprintf (dev_name, sizeof (dev_name), "/dev/fb%u", i);
+
+        fb_fd = open (dev_name, O_RDWR);
+        if (-1 == fb_fd) {
+                switch (errno) {
+                case ENOENT: /* no such file */
+                case ENXIO:  /* no driver */
+                        continue;
+
+                default:
+                        perror ("open");
+                        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+                }
+        }
+
+        if (0 == ioctl (fb_fd, FBIOGET_FSCREENINFO, &amp;si)) {
+                if (si.smem_start == (unsigned long) fbuf.base)
+                        break;
+        } else {
+                /* Apparently not a framebuffer device. */
+        }
+
+        close (fb_fd);
+        fb_fd = -1;
+}
+
+/* fb_fd is the file descriptor of the framebuffer device
+   for the video output overlay, or -1 if no device was found. */
+</programlisting>
+    </example>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Overlay Window and Scaling</title>
+
+    <para>The overlay is controlled by source and target rectangles.
+The source rectangle selects a subsection of the framebuffer image to
+be overlaid, the target rectangle an area in the outgoing video signal
+where the image will appear. Drivers may or may not support scaling,
+and arbitrary sizes and positions of these rectangles. Further drivers
+may support any (or none) of the clipping/blending methods defined for
+the <link linkend="overlay">Video Overlay</link> interface.</para>
+
+    <para>A &v4l2-window; defines the size of the source rectangle,
+its position in the framebuffer and the clipping/blending method to be
+used for the overlay. To get the current parameters applications set
+the <structfield>type</structfield> field of a &v4l2-format; to
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT_OVERLAY</constant> and call the
+&VIDIOC-G-FMT; ioctl. The driver fills the
+<structname>v4l2_window</structname> substructure named
+<structfield>win</structfield>. It is not possible to retrieve a
+previously programmed clipping list or bitmap.</para>
+
+    <para>To program the source rectangle applications set the
+<structfield>type</structfield> field of a &v4l2-format; to
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT_OVERLAY</constant>, initialize
+the <structfield>win</structfield> substructure and call the
+&VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl. The driver adjusts the parameters against
+hardware limits and returns the actual parameters as
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant> does. Like
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant>, the &VIDIOC-TRY-FMT; ioctl can be
+used to learn about driver capabilities without actually changing
+driver state. Unlike <constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> this also works
+after the overlay has been enabled.</para>
+
+    <para>A &v4l2-crop; defines the size and position of the target
+rectangle. The scaling factor of the overlay is implied by the width
+and height given in &v4l2-window; and &v4l2-crop;. The cropping API
+applies to <wordasword>Video Output</wordasword> and <wordasword>Video
+Output Overlay</wordasword> devices in the same way as to
+<wordasword>Video Capture</wordasword> and <wordasword>Video
+Overlay</wordasword> devices, merely reversing the direction of the
+data flow. For more information see <xref linkend="crop" />.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Enabling Overlay</title>
+
+    <para>There is no V4L2 ioctl to enable or disable the overlay,
+however the framebuffer interface of the driver may support the
+<constant>FBIOBLANK</constant> ioctl.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-output.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-output.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..63c3c20e5a72
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-output.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+  <title>Video Output Interface</title>
+
+  <para>Video output devices encode stills or image sequences as
+analog video signal. With this interface applications can
+control the encoding process and move images from user space to
+the driver.</para>
+
+  <para>Conventionally V4L2 video output devices are accessed through
+character device special files named <filename>/dev/video</filename>
+and <filename>/dev/video0</filename> to
+<filename>/dev/video63</filename> with major number 81 and minor
+numbers 0 to 63. <filename>/dev/video</filename> is typically a
+symbolic link to the preferred video device. Note the same device
+files are used for video capture devices.</para>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Querying Capabilities</title>
+
+    <para>Devices supporting the video output interface set the
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OUTPUT</constant> flag in the
+<structfield>capabilities</structfield> field of &v4l2-capability;
+returned by the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl. As secondary device functions
+they may also support the <link linkend="raw-vbi">raw VBI
+output</link> (<constant>V4L2_CAP_VBI_OUTPUT</constant>) interface. At
+least one of the read/write or streaming I/O methods must be
+supported. Modulators and audio outputs are optional.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Supplemental Functions</title>
+
+    <para>Video output devices shall support <link
+linkend="audio">audio output</link>, <link
+linkend="tuner">modulator</link>, <link linkend="control">controls</link>,
+<link linkend="crop">cropping and scaling</link> and <link
+linkend="streaming-par">streaming parameter</link> ioctls as needed.
+The <link linkend="video">video output</link> and <link
+linkend="standard">video standard</link> ioctls must be supported by
+all video output devices.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Image Format Negotiation</title>
+
+    <para>The output is determined by cropping and image format
+parameters. The former select an area of the video picture where the
+image will appear, the latter how images are stored in memory, &ie; in
+RGB or YUV format, the number of bits per pixel or width and height.
+Together they also define how images are scaled in the process.</para>
+
+    <para>As usual these parameters are <emphasis>not</emphasis> reset
+at &func-open; time to permit Unix tool chains, programming a device
+and then writing to it as if it was a plain file. Well written V4L2
+applications ensure they really get what they want, including cropping
+and scaling.</para>
+
+    <para>Cropping initialization at minimum requires to reset the
+parameters to defaults. An example is given in <xref
+linkend="crop" />.</para>
+
+    <para>To query the current image format applications set the
+<structfield>type</structfield> field of a &v4l2-format; to
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT</constant> and call the
+&VIDIOC-G-FMT; ioctl with a pointer to this structure. Drivers fill
+the &v4l2-pix-format; <structfield>pix</structfield> member of the
+<structfield>fmt</structfield> union.</para>
+
+    <para>To request different parameters applications set the
+<structfield>type</structfield> field of a &v4l2-format; as above and
+initialize all fields of the &v4l2-pix-format;
+<structfield>vbi</structfield> member of the
+<structfield>fmt</structfield> union, or better just modify the
+results of <constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant>, and call the
+&VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl with a pointer to this structure. Drivers may
+adjust the parameters and finally return the actual parameters as
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant> does.</para>
+
+    <para>Like <constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> the
+&VIDIOC-TRY-FMT; ioctl can be used to learn about hardware limitations
+without disabling I/O or possibly time consuming hardware
+preparations.</para>
+
+    <para>The contents of &v4l2-pix-format; are discussed in <xref
+linkend="pixfmt" />. See also the specification of the
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant>, <constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant>
+and <constant>VIDIOC_TRY_FMT</constant> ioctls for details. Video
+output devices must implement both the
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> ioctl, even if
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> ignores all requests and always
+returns default parameters as <constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant> does.
+<constant>VIDIOC_TRY_FMT</constant> is optional.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Writing Images</title>
+
+    <para>A video output device may support the <link
+linkend="rw">write() function</link> and/or streaming (<link
+linkend="mmap">memory mapping</link> or <link
+linkend="userp">user pointer</link>) I/O. See <xref
+linkend="io" /> for details.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-overlay.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-overlay.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..92513cf79150
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-overlay.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,379 @@
+  <title>Video Overlay Interface</title>
+  <subtitle>Also known as Framebuffer Overlay or Previewing</subtitle>
+
+  <para>Video overlay devices have the ability to genlock (TV-)video
+into the (VGA-)video signal of a graphics card, or to store captured
+images directly in video memory of a graphics card, typically with
+clipping. This can be considerable more efficient than capturing
+images and displaying them by other means. In the old days when only
+nuclear power plants needed cooling towers this used to be the only
+way to put live video into a window.</para>
+
+  <para>Video overlay devices are accessed through the same character
+special files as <link linkend="capture">video capture</link> devices.
+Note the default function of a <filename>/dev/video</filename> device
+is video capturing. The overlay function is only available after
+calling the &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl.</para>
+
+    <para>The driver may support simultaneous overlay and capturing
+using the read/write and streaming I/O methods. If so, operation at
+the nominal frame rate of the video standard is not guaranteed. Frames
+may be directed away from overlay to capture, or one field may be used
+for overlay and the other for capture if the capture parameters permit
+this.</para>
+
+  <para>Applications should use different file descriptors for
+capturing and overlay. This must be supported by all drivers capable
+of simultaneous capturing and overlay. Optionally these drivers may
+also permit capturing and overlay with a single file descriptor for
+compatibility with V4L and earlier versions of V4L2.<footnote>
+        <para>A common application of two file descriptors is the
+XFree86 <link linkend="xvideo">Xv/V4L</link> interface driver and
+a V4L2 application. While the X server controls video overlay, the
+application can take advantage of memory mapping and DMA.</para>
+        <para>In the opinion of the designers of this API, no driver
+writer taking the efforts to support simultaneous capturing and
+overlay will restrict this ability by requiring a single file
+descriptor, as in V4L and earlier versions of V4L2. Making this
+optional means applications depending on two file descriptors need
+backup routines to be compatible with all drivers, which is
+considerable more work than using two fds in applications which do
+not. Also two fd's fit the general concept of one file descriptor for
+each logical stream. Hence as a complexity trade-off drivers
+<emphasis>must</emphasis> support two file descriptors and
+<emphasis>may</emphasis> support single fd operation.</para>
+      </footnote></para>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Querying Capabilities</title>
+
+    <para>Devices supporting the video overlay interface set the
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OVERLAY</constant> flag in the
+<structfield>capabilities</structfield> field of &v4l2-capability;
+returned by the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl. The overlay I/O method specified
+below must be supported. Tuners and audio inputs are optional.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Supplemental Functions</title>
+
+    <para>Video overlay devices shall support <link
+linkend="audio">audio input</link>, <link
+linkend="tuner">tuner</link>, <link linkend="control">controls</link>,
+<link linkend="crop">cropping and scaling</link> and <link
+linkend="streaming-par">streaming parameter</link> ioctls as needed.
+The <link linkend="video">video input</link> and <link
+linkend="standard">video standard</link> ioctls must be supported by
+all video overlay devices.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Setup</title>
+
+    <para>Before overlay can commence applications must program the
+driver with frame buffer parameters, namely the address and size of
+the frame buffer and the image format, for example RGB 5:6:5. The
+&VIDIOC-G-FBUF; and &VIDIOC-S-FBUF; ioctls are available to get
+and set these parameters, respectively. The
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FBUF</constant> ioctl is privileged because it
+allows to set up DMA into physical memory, bypassing the memory
+protection mechanisms of the kernel. Only the superuser can change the
+frame buffer address and size. Users are not supposed to run TV
+applications as root or with SUID bit set. A small helper application
+with suitable privileges should query the graphics system and program
+the V4L2 driver at the appropriate time.</para>
+
+    <para>Some devices add the video overlay to the output signal
+of the graphics card. In this case the frame buffer is not modified by
+the video device, and the frame buffer address and pixel format are
+not needed by the driver. The <constant>VIDIOC_S_FBUF</constant> ioctl
+is not privileged. An application can check for this type of device by
+calling the <constant>VIDIOC_G_FBUF</constant> ioctl.</para>
+
+    <para>A driver may support any (or none) of five clipping/blending
+methods:<orderedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Chroma-keying displays the overlaid image only where
+pixels in the primary graphics surface assume a certain color.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>A bitmap can be specified where each bit corresponds
+to a pixel in the overlaid image. When the bit is set, the
+corresponding video pixel is displayed, otherwise a pixel of the
+graphics surface.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>A list of clipping rectangles can be specified. In
+these regions <emphasis>no</emphasis> video is displayed, so the
+graphics surface can be seen here.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The framebuffer has an alpha channel that can be used
+to clip or blend the framebuffer with the video.</para>
+        </listitem>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>A global alpha value can be specified to blend the
+framebuffer contents with video images.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </orderedlist></para>
+
+    <para>When simultaneous capturing and overlay is supported and
+the hardware prohibits different image and frame buffer formats, the
+format requested first takes precedence. The attempt to capture
+(&VIDIOC-S-FMT;) or overlay (&VIDIOC-S-FBUF;) may fail with an
+&EBUSY; or return accordingly modified parameters..</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Overlay Window</title>
+
+    <para>The overlaid image is determined by cropping and overlay
+window parameters. The former select an area of the video picture to
+capture, the latter how images are overlaid and clipped. Cropping
+initialization at minimum requires to reset the parameters to
+defaults. An example is given in <xref linkend="crop" />.</para>
+
+    <para>The overlay window is described by a &v4l2-window;. It
+defines the size of the image, its position over the graphics surface
+and the clipping to be applied. To get the current parameters
+applications set the <structfield>type</structfield> field of a
+&v4l2-format; to <constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OVERLAY</constant> and
+call the &VIDIOC-G-FMT; ioctl. The driver fills the
+<structname>v4l2_window</structname> substructure named
+<structfield>win</structfield>. It is not possible to retrieve a
+previously programmed clipping list or bitmap.</para>
+
+    <para>To program the overlay window applications set the
+<structfield>type</structfield> field of a &v4l2-format; to
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OVERLAY</constant>, initialize the
+<structfield>win</structfield> substructure and call the
+&VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl. The driver adjusts the parameters against
+hardware limits and returns the actual parameters as
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant> does. Like
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant>, the &VIDIOC-TRY-FMT; ioctl can be
+used to learn about driver capabilities without actually changing
+driver state. Unlike <constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> this also works
+after the overlay has been enabled.</para>
+
+    <para>The scaling factor of the overlaid image is implied by the
+width and height given in &v4l2-window; and the size of the cropping
+rectangle. For more information see <xref linkend="crop" />.</para>
+
+    <para>When simultaneous capturing and overlay is supported and
+the hardware prohibits different image and window sizes, the size
+requested first takes precedence. The attempt to capture or overlay as
+well (&VIDIOC-S-FMT;) may fail with an &EBUSY; or return accordingly
+modified parameters.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-window">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_window</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-rect;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>w</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Size and position of the window relative to the
+top, left corner of the frame buffer defined with &VIDIOC-S-FBUF;. The
+window can extend the frame buffer width and height, the
+<structfield>x</structfield> and <structfield>y</structfield>
+coordinates can be negative, and it can lie completely outside the
+frame buffer. The driver clips the window accordingly, or if that is
+not possible, modifies its size and/or position.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-field;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>field</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Applications set this field to determine which
+video field shall be overlaid, typically one of
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_ANY</constant> (0),
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_TOP</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_BOTTOM</constant> or
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED</constant>. Drivers may have to choose
+a different field order and return the actual setting here.</entry>
+            </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>chromakey</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>When chroma-keying has been negotiated with
+&VIDIOC-S-FBUF; applications set this field to the desired pixel value
+for the chroma key. The format is the same as the pixel format of the
+framebuffer (&v4l2-framebuffer;
+<structfield>fmt.pixelformat</structfield> field), with bytes in host
+order. E.&nbsp;g. for <link
+linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-BGR32"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR24</constant></link>
+the value should be 0xRRGGBB on a little endian, 0xBBGGRR on a big
+endian host.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-clip; *</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>clips</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>When chroma-keying has <emphasis>not</emphasis>
+been negotiated and &VIDIOC-G-FBUF; indicated this capability,
+applications can set this field to point to an array of
+clipping rectangles.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Like the window coordinates
+<structfield>w</structfield>, clipping rectangles are defined relative
+to the top, left corner of the frame buffer. However clipping
+rectangles must not extend the frame buffer width and height, and they
+must not overlap. If possible applications should merge adjacent
+rectangles. Whether this must create x-y or y-x bands, or the order of
+rectangles, is not defined. When clip lists are not supported the
+driver ignores this field. Its contents after calling &VIDIOC-S-FMT;
+are undefined.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>clipcount</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>When the application set the
+<structfield>clips</structfield> field, this field must contain the
+number of clipping rectangles in the list. When clip lists are not
+supported the driver ignores this field, its contents after calling
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> are undefined. When clip lists are
+supported but no clipping is desired this field must be set to
+zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>void *</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>bitmap</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>When chroma-keying has
+<emphasis>not</emphasis> been negotiated and &VIDIOC-G-FBUF; indicated
+this capability, applications can set this field to point to a
+clipping bit mask.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="hspan"><para>It must be of the same size
+as the window, <structfield>w.width</structfield> and
+<structfield>w.height</structfield>. Each bit corresponds to a pixel
+in the overlaid image, which is displayed only when the bit is
+<emphasis>set</emphasis>. Pixel coordinates translate to bits like:
+<programlisting>
+((__u8 *) <structfield>bitmap</structfield>)[<structfield>w.width</structfield> * y + x / 8] &amp; (1 &lt;&lt; (x &amp; 7))</programlisting></para><para>where <structfield>0</structfield> &le; x &lt;
+<structfield>w.width</structfield> and <structfield>0</structfield> &le;
+y &lt;<structfield>w.height</structfield>.<footnote>
+                  <para>Should we require
+              <structfield>w.width</structfield> to be a multiple of
+              eight?</para>
+                </footnote></para><para>When a clipping
+bit mask is not supported the driver ignores this field, its contents
+after calling &VIDIOC-S-FMT; are undefined. When a bit mask is supported
+but no clipping is desired this field must be set to
+<constant>NULL</constant>.</para><para>Applications need not create a
+clip list or bit mask. When they pass both, or despite negotiating
+chroma-keying, the results are undefined. Regardless of the chosen
+method, the clipping abilities of the hardware may be limited in
+quantity or quality. The results when these limits are exceeded are
+undefined.<footnote>
+                  <para>When the image is written into frame buffer
+memory it will be undesirable if the driver clips out less pixels
+than expected, because the application and graphics system are not
+aware these regions need to be refreshed. The driver should clip out
+more pixels or not write the image at all.</para>
+                </footnote></para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>global_alpha</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The global alpha value used to blend the
+framebuffer with video images, if global alpha blending has been
+negotiated (<constant>V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_GLOBAL_ALPHA</constant>, see
+&VIDIOC-S-FBUF;, <xref linkend="framebuffer-flags" />).</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Note this field was added in Linux 2.6.23, extending the structure. However
+the <link linkend="vidioc-g-fmt">VIDIOC_G/S/TRY_FMT</link> ioctls,
+which take a pointer to a <link
+linkend="v4l2-format">v4l2_format</link> parent structure with padding
+bytes at the end, are not affected.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-clip">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_clip</structname><footnote>
+          <para>The X Window system defines "regions" which are
+vectors of struct BoxRec { short x1, y1, x2, y2; } with width = x2 -
+x1 and height = y2 - y1, so one cannot pass X11 clip lists
+directly.</para>
+        </footnote></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-rect;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>c</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Coordinates of the clipping rectangle, relative to
+the top, left corner of the frame buffer. Only window pixels
+<emphasis>outside</emphasis> all clipping rectangles are
+displayed.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-clip; *</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>next</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Pointer to the next clipping rectangle, NULL when
+this is the last rectangle. Drivers ignore this field, it cannot be
+used to pass a linked list of clipping rectangles.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <!-- NB for easier reading this table is duplicated
+    in the vidioc-cropcap chapter.-->
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-rect">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_rect</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__s32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>left</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Horizontal offset of the top, left corner of the
+rectangle, in pixels.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__s32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>top</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Vertical offset of the top, left corner of the
+rectangle, in pixels. Offsets increase to the right and down.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__s32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>width</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Width of the rectangle, in pixels.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__s32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>height</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Height of the rectangle, in pixels. Width and
+height cannot be negative, the fields are signed for hysterical
+reasons. <!-- video4linux-list@redhat.com on 22 Oct 2002 subject
+"Re:[V4L][patches!] Re:v4l2/kernel-2.5" --></entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Enabling Overlay</title>
+
+    <para>To start or stop the frame buffer overlay applications call
+the &VIDIOC-OVERLAY; ioctl.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-radio.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-radio.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..73aa90b45b34
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-radio.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+  <title>Radio Interface</title>
+
+  <para>This interface is intended for AM and FM (analog) radio
+receivers and transmitters.</para>
+
+  <para>Conventionally V4L2 radio devices are accessed through
+character device special files named <filename>/dev/radio</filename>
+and <filename>/dev/radio0</filename> to
+<filename>/dev/radio63</filename> with major number 81 and minor
+numbers 64 to 127.</para>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Querying Capabilities</title>
+
+    <para>Devices supporting the radio interface set the
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_RADIO</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_TUNER</constant> or
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_MODULATOR</constant> flag in the
+<structfield>capabilities</structfield> field of &v4l2-capability;
+returned by the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl. Other combinations of
+capability flags are reserved for future extensions.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Supplemental Functions</title>
+
+    <para>Radio devices can support <link
+linkend="control">controls</link>, and must support the <link
+linkend="tuner">tuner or modulator</link> ioctls.</para>
+
+    <para>They do not support the video input or output, audio input
+or output, video standard, cropping and scaling, compression and
+streaming parameter, or overlay ioctls. All other ioctls and I/O
+methods are reserved for future extensions.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Programming</title>
+
+    <para>Radio devices may have a couple audio controls (as discussed
+in <xref linkend="control" />) such as a volume control, possibly custom
+controls. Further all radio devices have one tuner or modulator (these are
+discussed in <xref linkend="tuner" />) with index number zero to select
+the radio frequency and to determine if a monaural or FM stereo
+program is received/emitted. Drivers switch automatically between AM and FM
+depending on the selected frequency. The &VIDIOC-G-TUNER; or
+&VIDIOC-G-MODULATOR; ioctl
+reports the supported frequency range.</para>
+  </section>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+ -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-raw-vbi.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-raw-vbi.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..c5a70bdfaf27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-raw-vbi.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,347 @@
+  <title>Raw VBI Data Interface</title>
+
+  <para>VBI is an abbreviation of Vertical Blanking Interval, a gap
+in the sequence of lines of an analog video signal. During VBI
+no picture information is transmitted, allowing some time while the
+electron beam of a cathode ray tube TV returns to the top of the
+screen. Using an oscilloscope you will find here the vertical
+synchronization pulses and short data packages ASK
+modulated<footnote><para>ASK: Amplitude-Shift Keying. A high signal
+level represents a '1' bit, a low level a '0' bit.</para></footnote>
+onto the video signal. These are transmissions of services such as
+Teletext or Closed Caption.</para>
+
+  <para>Subject of this interface type is raw VBI data, as sampled off
+a video signal, or to be added to a signal for output.
+The data format is similar to uncompressed video images, a number of
+lines times a number of samples per line, we call this a VBI image.</para>
+
+  <para>Conventionally V4L2 VBI devices are accessed through character
+device special files named <filename>/dev/vbi</filename> and
+<filename>/dev/vbi0</filename> to <filename>/dev/vbi31</filename> with
+major number 81 and minor numbers 224 to 255.
+<filename>/dev/vbi</filename> is typically a symbolic link to the
+preferred VBI device. This convention applies to both input and output
+devices.</para>
+
+  <para>To address the problems of finding related video and VBI
+devices VBI capturing and output is also available as device function
+under <filename>/dev/video</filename>. To capture or output raw VBI
+data with these devices applications must call the &VIDIOC-S-FMT;
+ioctl. Accessed as <filename>/dev/vbi</filename>, raw VBI capturing
+or output is the default device function.</para>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Querying Capabilities</title>
+
+      <para>Devices supporting the raw VBI capturing or output API set
+the <constant>V4L2_CAP_VBI_CAPTURE</constant> or
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_VBI_OUTPUT</constant> flags, respectively, in the
+<structfield>capabilities</structfield> field of &v4l2-capability;
+returned by the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl. At least one of the
+read/write, streaming or asynchronous I/O methods must be
+supported. VBI devices may or may not have a tuner or modulator.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Supplemental Functions</title>
+
+      <para>VBI devices shall support <link linkend="video">video
+input or output</link>, <link linkend="tuner">tuner or
+modulator</link>, and <link linkend="control">controls</link> ioctls
+as needed. The <link linkend="standard">video standard</link> ioctls provide
+information vital to program a VBI device, therefore must be
+supported.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Raw VBI Format Negotiation</title>
+
+      <para>Raw VBI sampling abilities can vary, in particular the
+sampling frequency. To properly interpret the data V4L2 specifies an
+ioctl to query the sampling parameters. Moreover, to allow for some
+flexibility applications can also suggest different parameters.</para>
+
+      <para>As usual these parameters are <emphasis>not</emphasis>
+reset at &func-open; time to permit Unix tool chains, programming a
+device and then reading from it as if it was a plain file. Well
+written V4L2 applications should always ensure they really get what
+they want, requesting reasonable parameters and then checking if the
+actual parameters are suitable.</para>
+
+      <para>To query the current raw VBI capture parameters
+applications set the <structfield>type</structfield> field of a
+&v4l2-format; to <constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_CAPTURE</constant> or
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_OUTPUT</constant>, and call the
+&VIDIOC-G-FMT; ioctl with a pointer to this structure. Drivers fill
+the &v4l2-vbi-format; <structfield>vbi</structfield> member of the
+<structfield>fmt</structfield> union.</para>
+
+      <para>To request different parameters applications set the
+<structfield>type</structfield> field of a &v4l2-format; as above and
+initialize all fields of the &v4l2-vbi-format;
+<structfield>vbi</structfield> member of the
+<structfield>fmt</structfield> union, or better just modify the
+results of <constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant>, and call the
+&VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl with a pointer to this structure. Drivers return
+an &EINVAL; only when the given parameters are ambiguous, otherwise
+they modify the parameters according to the hardware capabilites and
+return the actual parameters. When the driver allocates resources at
+this point, it may return an &EBUSY; to indicate the returned
+parameters are valid but the required resources are currently not
+available. That may happen for instance when the video and VBI areas
+to capture would overlap, or when the driver supports multiple opens
+and another process already requested VBI capturing or output. Anyway,
+applications must expect other resource allocation points which may
+return <errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode>, at the &VIDIOC-STREAMON; ioctl
+and the first read(), write() and select() call.</para>
+
+      <para>VBI devices must implement both the
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> ioctl, even if
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> ignores all requests and always
+returns default parameters as <constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant> does.
+<constant>VIDIOC_TRY_FMT</constant> is optional.</para>
+
+      <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-vbi-format">
+        <title>struct <structname>v4l2_vbi_format</structname></title>
+        <tgroup cols="3">
+          &cs-str;
+          <tbody valign="top">
+            <row>
+              <entry>__u32</entry>
+              <entry><structfield>sampling_rate</structfield></entry>
+              <entry>Samples per second, i.&nbsp;e. unit 1 Hz.</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry>__u32</entry>
+              <entry><structfield>offset</structfield></entry>
+              <entry><para>Horizontal offset of the VBI image,
+relative to the leading edge of the line synchronization pulse and
+counted in samples: The first sample in the VBI image will be located
+<structfield>offset</structfield> /
+<structfield>sampling_rate</structfield> seconds following the leading
+edge. See also <xref linkend="vbi-hsync" />.</para></entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry>__u32</entry>
+              <entry><structfield>samples_per_line</structfield></entry>
+              <entry></entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry>__u32</entry>
+              <entry><structfield>sample_format</structfield></entry>
+              <entry><para>Defines the sample format as in <xref
+linkend="pixfmt" />, a four-character-code.<footnote>
+                    <para>A few devices may be unable to
+sample VBI data at all but can extend the video capture window to the
+VBI region.</para>
+                  </footnote> Usually this is
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_GREY</constant>, i.&nbsp;e. each sample
+consists of 8 bits with lower values oriented towards the black level.
+Do not assume any other correlation of values with the signal level.
+For example, the MSB does not necessarily indicate if the signal is
+'high' or 'low' because 128 may not be the mean value of the
+signal. Drivers shall not convert the sample format by software.</para></entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry>__u32</entry>
+              <entry><structfield>start</structfield>[2]</entry>
+              <entry>This is the scanning system line number
+associated with the first line of the VBI image, of the first and the
+second field respectively. See <xref linkend="vbi-525" /> and
+<xref linkend="vbi-625" /> for valid values. VBI input drivers can
+return start values 0 if the hardware cannot reliable identify
+scanning lines, VBI acquisition may not require this
+information.</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry>__u32</entry>
+              <entry><structfield>count</structfield>[2]</entry>
+              <entry>The number of lines in the first and second
+field image, respectively.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="hspan"><para>Drivers should be as
+flexibility as possible. For example, it may be possible to extend or
+move the VBI capture window down to the picture area, implementing a
+'full field mode' to capture data service transmissions embedded in
+the picture.</para><para>An application can set the first or second
+<structfield>count</structfield> value to zero if no data is required
+from the respective field; <structfield>count</structfield>[1] if the
+scanning system is progressive, &ie; not interlaced. The
+corresponding start value shall be ignored by the application and
+driver. Anyway, drivers may not support single field capturing and
+return both count values non-zero.</para><para>Both
+<structfield>count</structfield> values set to zero, or line numbers
+outside the bounds depicted in <xref linkend="vbi-525" /> and <xref
+                    linkend="vbi-625" />, or a field image covering
+lines of two fields, are invalid and shall not be returned by the
+driver.</para><para>To initialize the <structfield>start</structfield>
+and <structfield>count</structfield> fields, applications must first
+determine the current video standard selection. The &v4l2-std-id; or
+the <structfield>framelines</structfield> field of &v4l2-standard; can
+be evaluated for this purpose.</para></entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry>__u32</entry>
+              <entry><structfield>flags</structfield></entry>
+              <entry>See <xref linkend="vbifmt-flags" /> below. Currently
+only drivers set flags, applications must set this field to
+zero.</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry>__u32</entry>
+              <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[2]</entry>
+              <entry>This array is reserved for future extensions.
+Drivers and applications must set it to zero.</entry>
+            </row>
+          </tbody>
+        </tgroup>
+      </table>
+
+      <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="vbifmt-flags">
+        <title>Raw VBI Format Flags</title>
+        <tgroup cols="3">
+          &cs-def;
+          <tbody valign="top">
+            <row>
+              <entry><constant>V4L2_VBI_UNSYNC</constant></entry>
+              <entry>0x0001</entry>
+              <entry><para>This flag indicates hardware which does not
+properly distinguish between fields. Normally the VBI image stores the
+first field (lower scanning line numbers) first in memory. This may be
+a top or bottom field depending on the video standard. When this flag
+is set the first or second field may be stored first, however the
+fields are still in correct temporal order with the older field first
+in memory.<footnote>
+                  <para>Most VBI services transmit on both fields, but
+some have different semantics depending on the field number. These
+cannot be reliable decoded or encoded when
+<constant>V4L2_VBI_UNSYNC</constant> is set.</para>
+                </footnote></para></entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry><constant>V4L2_VBI_INTERLACED</constant></entry>
+              <entry>0x0002</entry>
+              <entry>By default the two field images will be passed
+sequentially; all lines of the first field followed by all lines of
+the second field (compare <xref linkend="field-order" />
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_SEQ_TB</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_SEQ_BT</constant>, whether the top or bottom
+field is first in memory depends on the video standard). When this
+flag is set, the two fields are interlaced (cf.
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED</constant>). The first line of the
+first field followed by the first line of the second field, then the
+two second lines, and so on. Such a layout may be necessary when the
+hardware has been programmed to capture or output interlaced video
+images and is unable to separate the fields for VBI capturing at
+the same time. For simplicity setting this flag implies that both
+<structfield>count</structfield> values are equal and non-zero.</entry>
+            </row>
+          </tbody>
+        </tgroup>
+      </table>
+
+      <figure id="vbi-hsync">
+        <title>Line synchronization</title>
+        <mediaobject>
+          <imageobject>
+            <imagedata fileref="vbi_hsync.pdf" format="PS" />
+          </imageobject>
+          <imageobject>
+            <imagedata fileref="vbi_hsync.gif" format="GIF" />
+          </imageobject>
+          <textobject>
+            <phrase>Line synchronization diagram</phrase>
+          </textobject>
+        </mediaobject>
+      </figure>
+
+      <figure id="vbi-525">
+        <title>ITU-R 525 line numbering (M/NTSC and M/PAL)</title>
+        <mediaobject>
+          <imageobject>
+            <imagedata fileref="vbi_525.pdf" format="PS" />
+          </imageobject>
+          <imageobject>
+            <imagedata fileref="vbi_525.gif" format="GIF" />
+          </imageobject>
+          <textobject>
+            <phrase>NTSC field synchronization diagram</phrase>
+          </textobject>
+          <caption>
+            <para>(1) For the purpose of this specification field 2
+starts in line 264 and not 263.5 because half line capturing is not
+supported.</para>
+          </caption>
+        </mediaobject>
+      </figure>
+
+      <figure id="vbi-625">
+        <title>ITU-R 625 line numbering</title>
+        <mediaobject>
+          <imageobject>
+            <imagedata fileref="vbi_625.pdf" format="PS" />
+          </imageobject>
+          <imageobject>
+            <imagedata fileref="vbi_625.gif" format="GIF" />
+          </imageobject>
+          <textobject>
+            <phrase>PAL/SECAM field synchronization diagram</phrase>
+          </textobject>
+          <caption>
+            <para>(1) For the purpose of this specification field 2
+starts in line 314 and not 313.5 because half line capturing is not
+supported.</para>
+          </caption>
+        </mediaobject>
+      </figure>
+
+      <para>Remember the VBI image format depends on the selected
+video standard, therefore the application must choose a new standard or
+query the current standard first. Attempts to read or write data ahead
+of format negotiation, or after switching the video standard which may
+invalidate the negotiated VBI parameters, should be refused by the
+driver. A format change during active I/O is not permitted.</para>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Reading and writing VBI images</title>
+
+      <para>To assure synchronization with the field number and easier
+implementation, the smallest unit of data passed at a time is one
+frame, consisting of two fields of VBI images immediately following in
+memory.</para>
+
+      <para>The total size of a frame computes as follows:</para>
+
+      <programlisting>
+(<structfield>count</structfield>[0] + <structfield>count</structfield>[1]) *
+<structfield>samples_per_line</structfield> * sample size in bytes</programlisting>
+
+      <para>The sample size is most likely always one byte,
+applications must check the <structfield>sample_format</structfield>
+field though, to function properly with other drivers.</para>
+
+      <para>A VBI device may support <link
+      linkend="rw">read/write</link> and/or streaming (<link
+      linkend="mmap">memory mapping</link> or <link
+      linkend="userp">user pointer</link>) I/O. The latter bears the
+possibility of synchronizing video and
+VBI data by using buffer timestamps.</para>
+
+      <para>Remember the &VIDIOC-STREAMON; ioctl and the first read(),
+write() and select() call can be resource allocation points returning
+an &EBUSY; if the required hardware resources are temporarily
+unavailable, for example the device is already in use by another
+process.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-rds.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-rds.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..0869d701b1e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-rds.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+     <title>RDS Interface</title>
+
+      <para>The Radio Data System transmits supplementary
+information in binary format, for example the station name or travel
+information, on an inaudible audio subcarrier of a radio program. This
+interface is aimed at devices capable of receiving and decoding RDS
+information.</para>
+
+      <para>For more information see the core RDS standard <xref linkend="en50067" />
+and the RBDS standard <xref linkend="nrsc4" />.</para>
+
+      <para>Note that the RBDS standard as is used in the USA is almost identical
+to the RDS standard. Any RDS decoder can also handle RBDS. Only some of the fields
+have slightly different meanings. See the RBDS standard for more information.</para>
+
+      <para>The RBDS standard also specifies support for MMBS (Modified Mobile Search).
+This is a proprietary format which seems to be discontinued. The RDS interface does not
+support this format. Should support for MMBS (or the so-called 'E blocks' in general)
+be needed, then please contact the linux-media mailing list: &v4l-ml;.</para>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Querying Capabilities</title>
+
+    <para>Devices supporting the RDS capturing API
+set the <constant>V4L2_CAP_RDS_CAPTURE</constant> flag in
+the <structfield>capabilities</structfield> field of &v4l2-capability;
+returned by the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl.
+Any tuner that supports RDS will set the
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_RDS</constant> flag in the <structfield>capability</structfield>
+field of &v4l2-tuner;.
+Whether an RDS signal is present can be detected by looking at
+the <structfield>rxsubchans</structfield> field of &v4l2-tuner;: the
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_RDS</constant> will be set if RDS data was detected.</para>
+
+    <para>Devices supporting the RDS output API
+set the <constant>V4L2_CAP_RDS_OUTPUT</constant> flag in
+the <structfield>capabilities</structfield> field of &v4l2-capability;
+returned by the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl.
+Any modulator that supports RDS will set the
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_RDS</constant> flag in the <structfield>capability</structfield>
+field of &v4l2-modulator;.
+In order to enable the RDS transmission one must set the <constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_RDS</constant>
+bit in the <structfield>txsubchans</structfield> field of &v4l2-modulator;.</para>
+
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Reading RDS data</title>
+
+      <para>RDS data can be read from the radio device
+with the &func-read; function. The data is packed in groups of three bytes,
+as follows:</para>
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-rds-data">
+      <title>struct
+<structname>v4l2_rds_data</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        <colspec colname="c1" colwidth="1*" />
+        <colspec colname="c2" colwidth="1*" />
+        <colspec colname="c3" colwidth="5*" />
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>lsb</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Least Significant Byte of RDS Block</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>msb</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Most Significant Byte of RDS Block</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>block</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Block description</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-rds-block">
+      <title>Block description</title>
+      <tgroup cols="2">
+        <colspec colname="c1" colwidth="1*" />
+        <colspec colname="c2" colwidth="5*" />
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>Bits 0-2</entry>
+            <entry>Block (aka offset) of the received data.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Bits 3-5</entry>
+            <entry>Deprecated. Currently identical to bits 0-2. Do not use these bits.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Bit 6</entry>
+            <entry>Corrected bit. Indicates that an error was corrected for this data block.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Bit 7</entry>
+            <entry>Error bit. Indicates that an uncorrectable error occurred during reception of this block.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-rds-block-codes">
+      <title>Block defines</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        <colspec colname="c1" colwidth="1*" />
+        <colspec colname="c2" colwidth="1*" />
+        <colspec colname="c3" colwidth="5*" />
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_MSK</entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>Mask for bits 0-2 to get the block ID.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_A</entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>Block A.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_B</entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>Block B.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_C</entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>Block C.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_D</entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>Block D.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_C_ALT</entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>Block C'.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_INVALID</entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>An invalid block.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_CORRECTED</entry>
+            <entry>0x40</entry>
+            <entry>A bit error was detected but corrected.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_ERROR</entry>
+            <entry>0x80</entry>
+            <entry>An incorrectable error occurred.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </section>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+ -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-sliced-vbi.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-sliced-vbi.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..69e789fa7f7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-sliced-vbi.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,708 @@
+  <title>Sliced VBI Data Interface</title>
+
+  <para>VBI stands for Vertical Blanking Interval, a gap in the
+sequence of lines of an analog video signal. During VBI no picture
+information is transmitted, allowing some time while the electron beam
+of a cathode ray tube TV returns to the top of the screen.</para>
+
+  <para>Sliced VBI devices use hardware to demodulate data transmitted
+in the VBI. V4L2 drivers shall <emphasis>not</emphasis> do this by
+software, see also the <link linkend="raw-vbi">raw VBI
+interface</link>. The data is passed as short packets of fixed size,
+covering one scan line each. The number of packets per video frame is
+variable.</para>
+
+  <para>Sliced VBI capture and output devices are accessed through the
+same character special files as raw VBI devices. When a driver
+supports both interfaces, the default function of a
+<filename>/dev/vbi</filename> device is <emphasis>raw</emphasis> VBI
+capturing or output, and the sliced VBI function is only available
+after calling the &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl as defined below. Likewise a
+<filename>/dev/video</filename> device may support the sliced VBI API,
+however the default function here is video capturing or output.
+Different file descriptors must be used to pass raw and sliced VBI
+data simultaneously, if this is supported by the driver.</para>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Querying Capabilities</title>
+
+    <para>Devices supporting the sliced VBI capturing or output API
+set the <constant>V4L2_CAP_SLICED_VBI_CAPTURE</constant> or
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_SLICED_VBI_OUTPUT</constant> flag respectively, in
+the <structfield>capabilities</structfield> field of &v4l2-capability;
+returned by the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl. At least one of the
+read/write, streaming or asynchronous <link linkend="io">I/O
+methods</link> must be supported. Sliced VBI devices may have a tuner
+or modulator.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Supplemental Functions</title>
+
+    <para>Sliced VBI devices shall support <link linkend="video">video
+input or output</link> and <link linkend="tuner">tuner or
+modulator</link> ioctls if they have these capabilities, and they may
+support <link linkend="control">control</link> ioctls. The <link
+linkend="standard">video standard</link> ioctls provide information
+vital to program a sliced VBI device, therefore must be
+supported.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="sliced-vbi-format-negotitation">
+    <title>Sliced VBI Format Negotiation</title>
+
+    <para>To find out which data services are supported by the
+hardware applications can call the &VIDIOC-G-SLICED-VBI-CAP; ioctl.
+All drivers implementing the sliced VBI interface must support this
+ioctl. The results may differ from those of the &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl
+when the number of VBI lines the hardware can capture or output per
+frame, or the number of services it can identify on a given line are
+limited. For example on PAL line 16 the hardware may be able to look
+for a VPS or Teletext signal, but not both at the same time.</para>
+
+    <para>To determine the currently selected services applications
+set the <structfield>type </structfield> field of &v4l2-format; to
+<constant> V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_CAPTURE</constant> or <constant>
+V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_OUTPUT</constant>, and the &VIDIOC-G-FMT;
+ioctl fills the <structfield>fmt.sliced</structfield> member, a
+&v4l2-sliced-vbi-format;.</para>
+
+    <para>Applications can request different parameters by
+initializing or modifying the <structfield>fmt.sliced</structfield>
+member and calling the &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl with a pointer to the
+<structname>v4l2_format</structname> structure.</para>
+
+    <para>The sliced VBI API is more complicated than the raw VBI API
+because the hardware must be told which VBI service to expect on each
+scan line. Not all services may be supported by the hardware on all
+lines (this is especially true for VBI output where Teletext is often
+unsupported and other services can only be inserted in one specific
+line). In many cases, however, it is sufficient to just set the
+<structfield>service_set</structfield> field to the required services
+and let the driver fill the <structfield>service_lines</structfield>
+array according to hardware capabilities. Only if more precise control
+is needed should the programmer set the
+<structfield>service_lines</structfield> array explicitly.</para>
+
+    <para>The &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl modifies the parameters
+according to hardware capabilities. When the driver allocates
+resources at this point, it may return an &EBUSY; if the required
+resources are temporarily unavailable. Other resource allocation
+points which may return <errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode> can be the
+&VIDIOC-STREAMON; ioctl and the first &func-read;, &func-write; and
+&func-select; call.</para>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-sliced-vbi-format">
+      <title>struct
+<structname>v4l2_sliced_vbi_format</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="5">
+        <colspec colname="c1" colwidth="3*" />
+        <colspec colname="c2" colwidth="3*" />
+        <colspec colname="c3" colwidth="2*" />
+        <colspec colname="c4" colwidth="2*" />
+        <colspec colname="c5" colwidth="2*" />
+        <spanspec namest="c3" nameend="c5" spanname="hspan" />
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>service_set</structfield></entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan"><para>If
+<structfield>service_set</structfield> is non-zero when passed with
+&VIDIOC-S-FMT; or &VIDIOC-TRY-FMT;, the
+<structfield>service_lines</structfield> array will be filled by the
+driver according to the services specified in this field. For example,
+if <structfield>service_set</structfield> is initialized with
+<constant>V4L2_SLICED_TELETEXT_B | V4L2_SLICED_WSS_625</constant>, a
+driver for the cx25840 video decoder sets lines 7-22 of both
+fields<footnote><para>According to <link
+linkend="ets300706">ETS&nbsp;300&nbsp;706</link> lines 6-22 of the
+first field and lines 5-22 of the second field may carry Teletext
+data.</para></footnote> to <constant>V4L2_SLICED_TELETEXT_B</constant>
+and line 23 of the first field to
+<constant>V4L2_SLICED_WSS_625</constant>. If
+<structfield>service_set</structfield> is set to zero, then the values
+of <structfield>service_lines</structfield> will be used instead.
+</para><para>On return the driver sets this field to the union of all
+elements of the returned <structfield>service_lines</structfield>
+array. It may contain less services than requested, perhaps just one,
+if the hardware cannot handle more services simultaneously. It may be
+empty (zero) if none of the requested services are supported by the
+hardware.</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u16</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>service_lines</structfield>[2][24]</entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan"><para>Applications initialize this
+array with sets of data services the driver shall look for or insert
+on the respective scan line. Subject to hardware capabilities drivers
+return the requested set, a subset, which may be just a single
+service, or an empty set. When the hardware cannot handle multiple
+services on the same line the driver shall choose one. No assumptions
+can be made on which service the driver chooses.</para><para>Data
+services are defined in <xref linkend="vbi-services2" />. Array indices
+map to ITU-R line numbers (see also <xref linkend="vbi-525" /> and <xref
+                  linkend="vbi-625" />) as follows: <!-- No nested
+tables, sigh. --></para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Element</entry>
+            <entry>525 line systems</entry>
+            <entry>625 line systems</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry><structfield>service_lines</structfield>[0][1]</entry>
+            <entry align="center">1</entry>
+            <entry align="center">1</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry><structfield>service_lines</structfield>[0][23]</entry>
+            <entry align="center">23</entry>
+            <entry align="center">23</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry><structfield>service_lines</structfield>[1][1]</entry>
+            <entry align="center">264</entry>
+            <entry align="center">314</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry><structfield>service_lines</structfield>[1][23]</entry>
+            <entry align="center">286</entry>
+            <entry align="center">336</entry>
+          </row>
+          <!-- End of line numbers table. -->
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">Drivers must set
+<structfield>service_lines</structfield>[0][0] and
+<structfield>service_lines</structfield>[1][0] to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>io_size</structfield></entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">Maximum number of bytes passed by
+one &func-read; or &func-write; call, and the buffer size in bytes for
+the &VIDIOC-QBUF; and &VIDIOC-DQBUF; ioctl. Drivers set this field to
+the size of &v4l2-sliced-vbi-data; times the number of non-zero
+elements in the returned <structfield>service_lines</structfield>
+array (that is the number of lines potentially carrying data).</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[2]</entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">This array is reserved for future
+extensions. Applications and drivers must set it to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <!-- See also vidioc-g-sliced-vbi-cap.sgml -->
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="vbi-services2">
+      <title>Sliced VBI services</title>
+      <tgroup cols="5">
+        <colspec colname="c1" colwidth="2*" />
+        <colspec colname="c2" colwidth="1*" />
+        <colspec colname="c3" colwidth="1*" />
+        <colspec colname="c4" colwidth="2*" />
+        <colspec colname="c5" colwidth="2*" />
+        <spanspec namest="c3" nameend="c5" spanname="rlp" />
+        <thead>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Symbol</entry>
+            <entry>Value</entry>
+            <entry>Reference</entry>
+            <entry>Lines, usually</entry>
+            <entry>Payload</entry>
+          </row>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_SLICED_TELETEXT_B</constant>
+(Teletext System B)</entry>
+            <entry>0x0001</entry>
+            <entry><xref linkend="ets300706" />, <xref linkend="itu653" /></entry>
+            <entry>PAL/SECAM line 7-22, 320-335 (second field 7-22)</entry>
+            <entry>Last 42 of the 45 byte Teletext packet, that is
+without clock run-in and framing code, lsb first transmitted.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_SLICED_VPS</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0400</entry>
+            <entry><xref linkend="ets300231" /></entry>
+            <entry>PAL line 16</entry>
+            <entry>Byte number 3 to 15 according to Figure 9 of
+ETS&nbsp;300&nbsp;231, lsb first transmitted.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_SLICED_CAPTION_525</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x1000</entry>
+            <entry><xref linkend="eia608" /></entry>
+            <entry>NTSC line 21, 284 (second field 21)</entry>
+            <entry>Two bytes in transmission order, including parity
+bit, lsb first transmitted.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_SLICED_WSS_625</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x4000</entry>
+            <entry><xref linkend="itu1119" />, <xref linkend="en300294" /></entry>
+            <entry>PAL/SECAM line 23</entry>
+            <entry><screen>
+Byte         0                 1
+      msb         lsb  msb           lsb
+ Bit  7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0  x x 13 12 11 10 9
+</screen></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_SLICED_VBI_525</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x1000</entry>
+            <entry spanname="rlp">Set of services applicable to 525
+line systems.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_SLICED_VBI_625</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x4401</entry>
+            <entry spanname="rlp">Set of services applicable to 625
+line systems.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <para>Drivers may return an &EINVAL; when applications attempt to
+read or write data without prior format negotiation, after switching
+the video standard (which may invalidate the negotiated VBI
+parameters) and after switching the video input (which may change the
+video standard as a side effect). The &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl may return
+an &EBUSY; when applications attempt to change the format while i/o is
+in progress (between a &VIDIOC-STREAMON; and &VIDIOC-STREAMOFF; call,
+and after the first &func-read; or &func-write; call).</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Reading and writing sliced VBI data</title>
+
+    <para>A single &func-read; or &func-write; call must pass all data
+belonging to one video frame. That is an array of
+<structname>v4l2_sliced_vbi_data</structname> structures with one or
+more elements and a total size not exceeding
+<structfield>io_size</structfield> bytes. Likewise in streaming I/O
+mode one buffer of <structfield>io_size</structfield> bytes must
+contain data of one video frame. The <structfield>id</structfield> of
+unused <structname>v4l2_sliced_vbi_data</structname> elements must be
+zero.</para>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-sliced-vbi-data">
+      <title>struct
+<structname>v4l2_sliced_vbi_data</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>id</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>A flag from <xref linkend="vbi-services" />
+identifying the type of data in this packet. Only a single bit must be
+set. When the <structfield>id</structfield> of a captured packet is
+zero, the packet is empty and the contents of other fields are
+undefined. Applications shall ignore empty packets. When the
+<structfield>id</structfield> of a packet for output is zero the
+contents of the <structfield>data</structfield> field are undefined
+and the driver must no longer insert data on the requested
+<structfield>field</structfield> and
+<structfield>line</structfield>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>field</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The video field number this data has been captured
+from, or shall be inserted at. <constant>0</constant> for the first
+field, <constant>1</constant> for the second field.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>line</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The field (as opposed to frame) line number this
+data has been captured from, or shall be inserted at. See <xref
+            linkend="vbi-525" /> and <xref linkend="vbi-625" /> for valid
+values. Sliced VBI capture devices can set the line number of all
+packets to <constant>0</constant> if the hardware cannot reliably
+identify scan lines. The field number must always be valid.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>This field is reserved for future extensions.
+Applications and drivers must set it to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>data</structfield>[48]</entry>
+            <entry>The packet payload. See <xref
+            linkend="vbi-services" /> for the contents and number of
+bytes passed for each data type. The contents of padding bytes at the
+end of this array are undefined, drivers and applications shall ignore
+them.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <para>Packets are always passed in ascending line number order,
+without duplicate line numbers. The &func-write; function and the
+&VIDIOC-QBUF; ioctl must return an &EINVAL; when applications violate
+this rule. They must also return an &EINVAL; when applications pass an
+incorrect field or line number, or a combination of
+<structfield>field</structfield>, <structfield>line</structfield> and
+<structfield>id</structfield> which has not been negotiated with the
+&VIDIOC-G-FMT; or &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl. When the line numbers are
+unknown the driver must pass the packets in transmitted order. The
+driver can insert empty packets with <structfield>id</structfield> set
+to zero anywhere in the packet array.</para>
+
+    <para>To assure synchronization and to distinguish from frame
+dropping, when a captured frame does not carry any of the requested
+data services drivers must pass one or more empty packets. When an
+application fails to pass VBI data in time for output, the driver
+must output the last VPS and WSS packet again, and disable the output
+of Closed Caption and Teletext data, or output data which is ignored
+by Closed Caption and Teletext decoders.</para>
+
+    <para>A sliced VBI device may support <link
+linkend="rw">read/write</link> and/or streaming (<link
+linkend="mmap">memory mapping</link> and/or <link linkend="userp">user
+pointer</link>) I/O. The latter bears the possibility of synchronizing
+video and VBI data by using buffer timestamps.</para>
+
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Sliced VBI Data in MPEG Streams</title>
+
+    <para>If a device can produce an MPEG output stream, it may be
+capable of providing <link
+linkend="sliced-vbi-format-negotitation">negotiated sliced VBI
+services</link> as data embedded in the MPEG stream.  Users or
+applications control this sliced VBI data insertion with the <link
+linkend="v4l2-mpeg-stream-vbi-fmt">V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_VBI_FMT</link>
+control.</para>
+
+    <para>If the driver does not provide the <link
+linkend="v4l2-mpeg-stream-vbi-fmt">V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_VBI_FMT</link>
+control, or only allows that control to be set to <link
+linkend="v4l2-mpeg-stream-vbi-fmt"><constant>
+V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_VBI_FMT_NONE</constant></link>, then the device
+cannot embed sliced VBI data in the MPEG stream.</para>
+
+    <para>The <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-stream-vbi-fmt">
+V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_VBI_FMT</link> control does not implicitly set
+the device driver to capture nor cease capturing sliced VBI data.  The
+control only indicates to embed sliced VBI data in the MPEG stream, if
+an application has negotiated sliced VBI service be captured.</para>
+
+    <para>It may also be the case that a device can embed sliced VBI
+data in only certain types of MPEG streams: for example in an MPEG-2
+PS but not an MPEG-2 TS.  In this situation, if sliced VBI data
+insertion is requested, the sliced VBI data will be embedded in MPEG
+stream types when supported, and silently omitted from MPEG stream
+types where sliced VBI data insertion is not supported by the device.
+</para>
+
+    <para>The following subsections specify the format of the
+embedded sliced VBI data.</para>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>MPEG Stream Embedded, Sliced VBI Data Format: NONE</title>
+    <para>The <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-stream-vbi-fmt"><constant>
+V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_VBI_FMT_NONE</constant></link> embedded sliced VBI
+format shall be interpreted by drivers as a control to cease
+embedding sliced VBI data in MPEG streams.  Neither the device nor
+driver shall insert "empty" embedded sliced VBI data packets in the
+MPEG stream when this format is set.  No MPEG stream data structures
+are specified for this format.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>MPEG Stream Embedded, Sliced VBI Data Format: IVTV</title>
+    <para>The <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-stream-vbi-fmt"><constant>
+V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_VBI_FMT_IVTV</constant></link> embedded sliced VBI
+format, when supported, indicates to the driver to embed up to 36
+lines of sliced VBI data per frame in an MPEG-2 <emphasis>Private
+Stream 1 PES</emphasis> packet encapsulated in an MPEG-2 <emphasis>
+Program Pack</emphasis> in the MPEG stream.</para>
+
+    <para><emphasis>Historical context</emphasis>: This format
+specification originates from a custom, embedded, sliced VBI data
+format used by the <filename>ivtv</filename> driver.  This format
+has already been informally specified in the kernel sources in the
+file <filename>Documentation/video4linux/cx2341x/README.vbi</filename>
+.  The maximum size of the payload and other aspects of this format
+are driven by the CX23415 MPEG decoder's capabilities and limitations
+with respect to extracting, decoding, and displaying sliced VBI data
+embedded within an MPEG stream.</para>
+
+    <para>This format's use is <emphasis>not</emphasis> exclusive to
+the <filename>ivtv</filename> driver <emphasis>nor</emphasis>
+exclusive to CX2341x devices, as the sliced VBI data packet insertion
+into the MPEG stream is implemented in driver software.  At least the
+<filename>cx18</filename> driver provides sliced VBI data insertion
+into an MPEG-2 PS in this format as well.</para>
+
+    <para>The following definitions specify the payload of the
+MPEG-2 <emphasis>Private Stream 1 PES</emphasis> packets that contain
+sliced VBI data when <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-stream-vbi-fmt">
+<constant>V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_VBI_FMT_IVTV</constant></link> is set.
+(The MPEG-2 <emphasis>Private Stream 1 PES</emphasis> packet header
+and encapsulating MPEG-2 <emphasis>Program Pack</emphasis> header are
+not detailed here.  Please refer to the MPEG-2 specifications for
+details on those packet headers.)</para>
+
+    <para>The payload of the MPEG-2 <emphasis>Private Stream 1 PES
+</emphasis> packets that contain sliced VBI data is specified by
+&v4l2-mpeg-vbi-fmt-ivtv;.  The payload is variable
+length, depending on the actual number of lines of sliced VBI data
+present in a video frame.  The payload may be padded at the end with
+unspecified fill bytes to align the end of the payload to a 4-byte
+boundary.  The payload shall never exceed 1552 bytes (2 fields with
+18 lines/field with 43 bytes of data/line and a 4 byte magic number).
+</para>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-fmt-ivtv">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_mpeg_vbi_fmt_ivtv</structname>
+      </title>
+      <tgroup cols="4">
+        &cs-ustr;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>magic</structfield>[4]</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>A "magic" constant from <xref
+            linkend="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-fmt-ivtv-magic" /> that indicates
+this is a valid sliced VBI data payload and also indicates which
+member of the anonymous union, <structfield>itv0</structfield> or
+<structfield>ITV0</structfield>, to use for the payload data.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>union</entry>
+            <entry>(anonymous)</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>struct <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-itv0">
+              <structname>v4l2_mpeg_vbi_itv0</structname></link>
+            </entry>
+            <entry><structfield>itv0</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The primary form of the sliced VBI data payload
+that contains anywhere from 1 to 35 lines of sliced VBI data.
+Line masks are provided in this form of the payload indicating
+which VBI lines are provided.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>struct <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-itv0-1">
+              <structname>v4l2_mpeg_vbi_ITV0</structname></link>
+            </entry>
+            <entry><structfield>ITV0</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>An alternate form of the sliced VBI data payload
+used when 36 lines of sliced VBI data are present.  No line masks are
+provided in this form of the payload; all valid line mask bits are
+implcitly set.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-fmt-ivtv-magic">
+      <title>Magic Constants for &v4l2-mpeg-vbi-fmt-ivtv;
+        <structfield>magic</structfield> field</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <thead>
+          <row>
+            <entry align="left">Defined Symbol</entry>
+            <entry align="left">Value</entry>
+            <entry align="left">Description</entry>
+          </row>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_VBI_IVTV_MAGIC0</constant>
+            </entry>
+            <entry>"itv0"</entry>
+            <entry>Indicates the <structfield>itv0</structfield>
+member of the union in &v4l2-mpeg-vbi-fmt-ivtv; is valid.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_VBI_IVTV_MAGIC1</constant>
+            </entry>
+            <entry>"ITV0"</entry>
+            <entry>Indicates the <structfield>ITV0</structfield>
+member of the union in &v4l2-mpeg-vbi-fmt-ivtv; is valid and
+that 36 lines of sliced VBI data are present.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-itv0">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_mpeg_vbi_itv0</structname>
+      </title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__le32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>linemask</structfield>[2]</entry>
+            <entry><para>Bitmasks indicating the VBI service lines
+present.  These <structfield>linemask</structfield> values are stored
+in little endian byte order in the MPEG stream.  Some reference
+<structfield>linemask</structfield> bit positions with their
+corresponding VBI line number and video field are given below.
+b<subscript>0</subscript> indicates the least significant bit of a
+<structfield>linemask</structfield> value:<screen>
+<structfield>linemask</structfield>[0] b<subscript>0</subscript>:               line  6         first field
+<structfield>linemask</structfield>[0] b<subscript>17</subscript>:              line 23         first field
+<structfield>linemask</structfield>[0] b<subscript>18</subscript>:              line  6         second field
+<structfield>linemask</structfield>[0] b<subscript>31</subscript>:              line 19         second field
+<structfield>linemask</structfield>[1] b<subscript>0</subscript>:               line 20         second field
+<structfield>linemask</structfield>[1] b<subscript>3</subscript>:               line 23         second field
+<structfield>linemask</structfield>[1] b<subscript>4</subscript>-b<subscript>31</subscript>:    unused and set to 0</screen></para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>struct <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-itv0-line">
+              <structname>v4l2_mpeg_vbi_itv0_line</structname></link>
+            </entry>
+            <entry><structfield>line</structfield>[35]</entry>
+            <entry>This is a variable length array that holds from 1
+to 35 lines of sliced VBI data.  The sliced VBI data lines present
+correspond to the bits set in the <structfield>linemask</structfield>
+array, starting from b<subscript>0</subscript> of <structfield>
+linemask</structfield>[0] up through b<subscript>31</subscript> of
+<structfield>linemask</structfield>[0], and from b<subscript>0
+</subscript> of <structfield>linemask</structfield>[1] up through b
+<subscript>3</subscript> of <structfield>linemask</structfield>[1].
+<structfield>line</structfield>[0] corresponds to the first bit
+found set in the <structfield>linemask</structfield> array,
+<structfield>line</structfield>[1] corresponds to the second bit
+found set in the <structfield>linemask</structfield> array, etc.
+If no <structfield>linemask</structfield> array bits are set, then
+<structfield>line</structfield>[0] may contain one line of
+unspecified data that should be ignored by applications.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-itv0-1">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_mpeg_vbi_ITV0</structname>
+      </title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>struct <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-itv0-line">
+              <structname>v4l2_mpeg_vbi_itv0_line</structname></link>
+            </entry>
+            <entry><structfield>line</structfield>[36]</entry>
+            <entry>A fixed length array of 36 lines of sliced VBI
+data.  <structfield>line</structfield>[0] through <structfield>line
+</structfield>[17] correspond to lines 6 through 23 of the
+first field.  <structfield>line</structfield>[18] through
+<structfield>line</structfield>[35] corresponds to lines 6
+through 23 of the second field.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-itv0-line">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_mpeg_vbi_itv0_line</structname>
+      </title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>id</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>A line identifier value from
+<xref linkend="ITV0-Line-Identifier-Constants" /> that indicates
+the type of sliced VBI data stored on this line.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>data</structfield>[42]</entry>
+            <entry>The sliced VBI data for the line.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="ITV0-Line-Identifier-Constants">
+      <title>Line Identifiers for struct <link
+      linkend="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-itv0-line"><structname>
+v4l2_mpeg_vbi_itv0_line</structname></link> <structfield>id
+</structfield> field</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <thead>
+          <row>
+            <entry align="left">Defined Symbol</entry>
+            <entry align="left">Value</entry>
+            <entry align="left">Description</entry>
+          </row>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_VBI_IVTV_TELETEXT_B</constant>
+            </entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>Refer to <link linkend="vbi-services2">
+Sliced VBI services</link> for a description of the line payload.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_VBI_IVTV_CAPTION_525</constant>
+            </entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>Refer to <link linkend="vbi-services2">
+Sliced VBI services</link> for a description of the line payload.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_VBI_IVTV_WSS_625</constant>
+            </entry>
+            <entry>5</entry>
+            <entry>Refer to <link linkend="vbi-services2">
+Sliced VBI services</link> for a description of the line payload.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_MPEG_VBI_IVTV_VPS</constant>
+            </entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>Refer to <link linkend="vbi-services2">
+Sliced VBI services</link> for a description of the line payload.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+  </section>
+  </section>
+
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+ -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-teletext.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-teletext.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..76184e8ed618
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-teletext.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+  <title>Teletext Interface</title>
+
+  <para>This interface aims at devices receiving and demodulating
+Teletext data [<xref linkend="ets300706" />, <xref linkend="itu653" />], evaluating the
+Teletext packages and storing formatted pages in cache memory. Such
+devices are usually implemented as microcontrollers with serial
+interface (I<superscript>2</superscript>C) and can be found on older
+TV cards, dedicated Teletext decoding cards and home-brew devices
+connected to the PC parallel port.</para>
+
+  <para>The Teletext API was designed by Martin Buck. It is defined in
+the kernel header file <filename>linux/videotext.h</filename>, the
+specification is available from <ulink url="ftp://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/linux/misc/videotext/">
+ftp://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/linux/misc/videotext/</ulink>. (Videotext is the name of
+the German public television Teletext service.) Conventional character
+device file names are <filename>/dev/vtx</filename> and
+<filename>/dev/vttuner</filename>, with device number 83, 0 and 83, 16
+respectively. A similar interface exists for the Philips SAA5249
+Teletext decoder [specification?] with character device file names
+<filename>/dev/tlkN</filename>, device number 102, N.</para>
+
+  <para>Eventually the Teletext API was integrated into the V4L API
+with character device file names <filename>/dev/vtx0</filename> to
+<filename>/dev/vtx31</filename>, device major number 81, minor numbers
+192 to 223. For reference the V4L Teletext API specification is
+reproduced here in full: "Teletext interfaces talk the existing VTX
+API." Teletext devices with major number 83 and 102 will be removed in
+Linux 2.6.</para>
+
+  <para>There are no plans to replace the Teletext API or to integrate
+it into V4L2. Please write to the linux-media mailing list: &v4l-ml;
+when the need arises.</para>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/driver.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/driver.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..1f7eea5c4ec3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/driver.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+  <title>V4L2 Driver Programming</title>
+
+  <!-- This part defines the interface between the "videodev"
+    module and individual drivers. -->
+
+  <para>to do</para>
+<!--
+  <para>V4L2 is a two-layer driver system. The top layer is the "videodev"
+kernel module. When videodev initializes it registers as character device
+with major number 81, and it registers a set of file operations. All V4L2
+drivers are really clients of videodev, which calls V4L2 drivers through
+driver method functions. V4L2 drivers are also written as kernel modules.
+After probing the hardware they register one or more devices with
+videodev.</para>
+
+  <section id="driver-modules">
+    <title>Driver Modules</title>
+
+    <para>V4L2 driver modules must have an initialization function which is
+called after the module was loaded into kernel, an exit function whis is
+called before the module is removed.  When the driver is compiled into the
+kernel these functions called at system boot and shutdown time.</para>
+
+    <informalexample>
+      <programlisting>
+#include &lt;linux/module.h&gt;
+
+/* Export information about this module. For details and other useful
+   macros see <filename>linux/module.h</filename>. */
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("my - driver for my hardware");
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Your name here");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
+static void
+my_module_exit (void)
+{
+        /* Free all resources allocated by my_module_init(). */
+}
+
+static int
+my_module_init (void)
+{
+        /* Bind the driver to the supported hardware, see
+           <link linkend="driver-pci"> and
+           <link linkend="driver-usb"> for examples. */
+
+        return 0; /* a negative value on error, 0 on success. */
+}
+
+/* Export module functions. */
+module_init (my_module_init);
+module_exit (my_module_exit);
+</programlisting>
+    </informalexample>
+
+    <para>Users can add parameters when kernel modules are inserted:</para>
+
+    <informalexample>
+      <programlisting>
+include &lt;linux/moduleparam.h&gt;
+
+static int my_option = 123;
+static int my_option_array[47];
+
+/* Export the symbol, an int, with access permissions 0664.
+   See <filename>linux/moduleparam.h</filename> for other types. */
+module_param (my_option, int, 0644);
+module_param_array (my_option_array, int, NULL, 0644);
+
+MODULE_PARM_DESC (my_option, "Does magic things, default 123");
+</programlisting>
+    </informalexample>
+
+    <para>One parameter should be supported by all V4L2 drivers, the minor
+number of the device it will register. Purpose is to predictably link V4L2
+drivers to device nodes if more than one video device is installed. Use the
+name of the device node followed by a "_nr" suffix, for example "video_nr"
+for <filename>/dev/video</filename>.</para>
+
+    <informalexample>
+      <programlisting>
+/* Minor number of the device, -1 to allocate the first unused. */
+static int video_nr = -1;
+
+module_param (video_nr, int, 0444);
+</programlisting>
+    </informalexample>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="driver-pci">
+    <title>PCI Devices</title>
+
+    <para>PCI devices are initialized like this:</para>
+
+    <informalexample>
+      <programlisting>
+typedef struct {
+        /* State of one physical device. */
+} my_device;
+
+static int
+my_resume               (struct pci_dev *               pci_dev)
+{
+        /* Restore the suspended device to working state. */
+}
+
+static int
+my_suspend              (struct pci_dev *               pci_dev,
+                         pm_message_t                   state)
+{
+        /* This function is called before the system goes to sleep.
+           Stop all DMAs and disable interrupts, then put the device
+           into a low power state. For details see the kernel
+           sources under <filename>Documentation/power</filename>. */
+
+        return 0; /* a negative value on error, 0 on success. */
+}
+
+static void __devexit
+my_remove               (struct pci_dev *               pci_dev)
+{
+        my_device *my = pci_get_drvdata (pci_dev);
+
+        /* Describe me. */
+}
+
+static int __devinit
+my_probe                (struct pci_dev *               pci_dev,
+                         const struct pci_device_id *   pci_id)
+{
+        my_device *my;
+
+        /* Describe me. */
+
+        /* You can allocate per-device data here and store a pointer
+           to it in the pci_dev structure. */
+        my = ...;
+        pci_set_drvdata (pci_dev, my);
+
+        return 0; /* a negative value on error, 0 on success. */
+}
+
+/* A list of supported PCI devices. */
+static struct pci_device_id
+my_pci_device_ids [] = {
+        { PCI_VENDOR_ID_FOO, PCI_DEVICE_ID_BAR,
+          PCI_ANY_ID, PCI_ANY_ID, 0, 0, 0 },
+        { 0 } /* end of list */
+};
+
+/* Load our module if supported PCI devices are installed. */
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE (pci, my_pci_device_ids);
+
+static struct pci_driver
+my_pci_driver = {
+        .name     = "my",
+        .id_table = my_pci_device_ids,
+
+        .probe    = my_probe,
+        .remove   = __devexit_p (my_remove),
+
+        /* Power management functions. */
+        .suspend  = my_suspend,
+        .resume   = my_resume,
+};
+
+static void
+my_module_exit          (void)
+{
+        pci_unregister_driver (&my_pci_driver);
+}
+
+static int
+my_module_init          (void)
+{
+        return pci_register_driver (&my_pci_driver);
+}
+</programlisting>
+    </informalexample>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="driver-usb">
+    <title>USB Devices</title>
+    <para>to do</para>
+  </section>
+  <section id="driver-registering">
+    <title>Registering V4L2 Drivers</title>
+
+    <para>After a V4L2 driver probed the hardware it registers one or more
+devices with the videodev module.</para>
+  </section>
+  <section id="driver-file-ops">
+    <title>File Operations</title>
+    <para>to do</para>
+  </section>
+  <section id="driver-internal-api">
+    <title>Internal API</title>
+    <para>to do</para>
+  </section>
+-->
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/fdl-appendix.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/fdl-appendix.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b6ce50dbe492
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/fdl-appendix.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,671 @@
+<!--
+     The GNU Free Documentation License 1.1 in DocBook
+     Markup by Eric Baudais <baudais@okstate.edu>
+     Maintained by the GNOME Documentation Project
+     http://developer.gnome.org/projects/gdp
+     Version: 1.0.1
+     Last Modified: Nov 16, 2000
+-->
+
+<appendix id="fdl">
+  <appendixinfo>
+    <releaseinfo>
+      Version 1.1, March 2000
+    </releaseinfo>
+    <copyright>
+      <year>2000</year><holder>Free Software Foundation, Inc.</holder>
+    </copyright>
+    <legalnotice id="fdl-legalnotice">
+      <para>
+        <address>Free Software Foundation, Inc. <street>59 Temple Place,
+        Suite 330</street>, <city>Boston</city>, <state>MA</state>
+        <postcode>02111-1307</postcode>  <country>USA</country></address>
+        Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this
+        license document, but changing it is not allowed.
+      </para>
+    </legalnotice>
+  </appendixinfo>
+  <title>GNU Free Documentation License</title>
+
+  <sect1 id="fdl-preamble">
+    <title>0. PREAMBLE</title>
+    <para>
+      The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or
+      other written document <quote>free</quote> in the sense of
+      freedom: to assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and
+      redistribute it, with or without modifying it, either
+      commercially or noncommercially. Secondarily, this License
+      preserves for the author and publisher a way to get credit for
+      their work, while not being considered responsible for
+      modifications made by others.
+    </para>
+
+    <para>
+      This License is a kind of <quote>copyleft</quote>, which means
+      that derivative works of the document must themselves be free in
+      the same sense. It complements the GNU General Public License,
+      which is a copyleft license designed for free software.
+    </para>
+
+    <para>
+      We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for
+      free software, because free software needs free documentation: a
+      free program should come with manuals providing the same
+      freedoms that the software does. But this License is not limited
+      to software manuals; it can be used for any textual work,
+      regardless of subject matter or whether it is published as a
+      printed book. We recommend this License principally for works
+      whose purpose is instruction or reference.
+    </para>
+  </sect1>
+  <sect1 id="fdl-section1">
+    <title>1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS</title>
+    <para id="fdl-document">
+      This License applies to any manual or other work that contains a
+      notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be
+      distributed under the terms of this License. The
+      <quote>Document</quote>, below, refers to any such manual or
+      work. Any member of the public is a licensee, and is addressed
+      as <quote>you</quote>.
+    </para>
+
+    <para id="fdl-modified">
+      A <quote>Modified Version</quote> of the Document means any work
+      containing the Document or a portion of it, either copied
+      verbatim, or with modifications and/or translated into another
+      language.
+    </para>
+
+    <para id="fdl-secondary">
+      A <quote>Secondary Section</quote> is a named appendix or a
+      front-matter section of the <link
+      linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> that deals exclusively
+      with the relationship of the publishers or authors of the
+      Document to the Document's overall subject (or to related
+      matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly within
+      that overall subject. (For example, if the Document is in part a
+      textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain any
+      mathematics.)  The relationship could be a matter of historical
+      connection with the subject or with related matters, or of
+      legal, commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position
+      regarding them.
+    </para>
+
+    <para id="fdl-invariant">
+      The <quote>Invariant Sections</quote> are certain <link
+      linkend="fdl-secondary"> Secondary Sections</link> whose titles
+      are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the
+      notice that says that the <link
+      linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> is released under this
+      License.
+    </para>
+
+    <para id="fdl-cover-texts">
+      The <quote>Cover Texts</quote> are certain short passages of
+      text that are listed, as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts,
+      in the notice that says that the <link
+      linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> is released under this
+      License.
+    </para>
+
+    <para id="fdl-transparent">
+      A <quote>Transparent</quote> copy of the <link
+      linkend="fdl-document"> Document</link> means a machine-readable
+      copy, represented in a format whose specification is available
+      to the general public, whose contents can be viewed and edited
+      directly and straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for
+      images composed of pixels) generic paint programs or (for
+      drawings) some widely available drawing editor, and that is
+      suitable for input to text formatters or for automatic
+      translation to a variety of formats suitable for input to text
+      formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file format
+      whose markup has been designed to thwart or discourage
+      subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent.  A copy
+      that is not <quote>Transparent</quote> is called
+      <quote>Opaque</quote>.
+    </para>
+
+    <para>
+      Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include
+      plain ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input
+      format, SGML or XML using a publicly available DTD, and
+      standard-conforming simple HTML designed for human
+      modification. Opaque formats include PostScript, PDF,
+      proprietary formats that can be read and edited only by
+      proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD
+      and/or processing tools are not generally available, and the
+      machine-generated HTML produced by some word processors for
+      output purposes only.
+    </para>
+
+    <para id="fdl-title-page">
+      The <quote>Title Page</quote> means, for a printed book, the
+      title page itself, plus such following pages as are needed to
+      hold, legibly, the material this License requires to appear in
+      the title page. For works in formats which do not have any title
+      page as such, <quote>Title Page</quote> means the text near the
+      most prominent appearance of the work's title, preceding the
+      beginning of the body of the text.
+    </para>
+  </sect1>
+
+  <sect1 id="fdl-section2">
+    <title>2. VERBATIM COPYING</title>
+    <para>
+      You may copy and distribute the <link
+      linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> in any medium, either
+      commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the
+      copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License
+      applies to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that
+      you add no other conditions whatsoever to those of this
+      License. You may not use technical measures to obstruct or
+      control the reading or further copying of the copies you make or
+      distribute. However, you may accept compensation in exchange for
+      copies. If you distribute a large enough number of copies you
+      must also follow the conditions in <link
+      linkend="fdl-section3">section 3</link>.
+    </para>
+
+    <para>
+      You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated
+      above, and you may publicly display copies.
+    </para>
+    </sect1>
+
+  <sect1 id="fdl-section3">
+    <title>3. COPYING IN QUANTITY</title>
+    <para>
+      If you publish printed copies of the <link
+      linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> numbering more than 100,
+      and the Document's license notice requires <link
+      linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Cover Texts</link>, you must enclose
+      the copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these
+      Cover Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and
+      Back-Cover Texts on the back cover. Both covers must also
+      clearly and legibly identify you as the publisher of these
+      copies. The front cover must present the full title with all
+      words of the title equally prominent and visible. You may add
+      other material on the covers in addition. Copying with changes
+      limited to the covers, as long as they preserve the title of the
+      <link linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> and satisfy these
+      conditions, can be treated as verbatim copying in other
+      respects.
+    </para>
+
+    <para>
+      If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit
+      legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit
+      reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto
+      adjacent pages.
+    </para>
+
+    <para>
+      If you publish or distribute <link
+      linkend="fdl-transparent">Opaque</link> copies of the <link
+      linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> numbering more than 100,
+      you must either include a machine-readable <link
+      linkend="fdl-transparent">Transparent</link> copy along with
+      each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy a
+      publicly-accessible computer-network location containing a
+      complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added
+      material, which the general network-using public has access to
+      download anonymously at no charge using public-standard network
+      protocols. If you use the latter option, you must take
+      reasonably prudent steps, when you begin distribution of Opaque
+      copies in quantity, to ensure that this Transparent copy will
+      remain thus accessible at the stated location until at least one
+      year after the last time you distribute an Opaque copy (directly
+      or through your agents or retailers) of that edition to the
+      public.
+    </para>
+
+    <para>
+      It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors
+      of the <link linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> well before
+      redistributing any large number of copies, to give them a chance
+      to provide you with an updated version of the Document.
+    </para>
+    </sect1>
+
+  <sect1 id="fdl-section4">
+    <title>4. MODIFICATIONS</title>
+    <para>
+      You may copy and distribute a <link
+      linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version</link> of the <link
+      linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> under the conditions of
+      sections <link linkend="fdl-section2">2</link> and <link
+      linkend="fdl-section3">3</link> above, provided that you release
+      the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the
+      Modified Version filling the role of the Document, thus
+      licensing distribution and modification of the Modified Version
+      to whoever possesses a copy of it. In addition, you must do
+      these things in the Modified Version:
+    </para>
+
+    <itemizedlist mark="opencircle">
+      <listitem>
+        <formalpara>
+          <title>A</title>
+          <para>
+            Use in the <link linkend="fdl-title-page">Title
+            Page</link> (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct
+            from that of the <link
+            linkend="fdl-document">Document</link>, and from those of
+            previous versions (which should, if there were any, be
+            listed in the History section of the Document). You may
+            use the same title as a previous version if the original
+            publisher of that version gives permission.
+          </para>
+        </formalpara>
+      </listitem>
+
+      <listitem>
+        <formalpara>
+          <title>B</title>
+          <para>
+            List on the <link linkend="fdl-title-page">Title
+            Page</link>, as authors, one or more persons or entities
+            responsible for authorship of the modifications in the
+            <link linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version</link>,
+            together with at least five of the principal authors of
+            the <link linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> (all of
+            its principal authors, if it has less than five).
+          </para>
+        </formalpara>
+      </listitem>
+
+      <listitem>
+        <formalpara>
+          <title>C</title>
+          <para>
+            State on the <link linkend="fdl-title-page">Title
+            Page</link> the name of the publisher of the <link
+            linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version</link>, as the
+            publisher.
+          </para>
+        </formalpara>
+      </listitem>
+
+      <listitem>
+        <formalpara>
+          <title>D</title>
+          <para>
+            Preserve all the copyright notices of the <link
+            linkend="fdl-document">Document</link>.
+          </para>
+        </formalpara>
+      </listitem>
+
+      <listitem>
+        <formalpara>
+          <title>E</title>
+          <para>
+            Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications
+            adjacent to the other copyright notices.
+          </para>
+        </formalpara>
+      </listitem>
+
+      <listitem>
+        <formalpara>
+          <title>F</title>
+          <para>
+            Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a
+            license notice giving the public permission to use the
+            <link linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version</link> under
+            the terms of this License, in the form shown in the
+            Addendum below.
+          </para>
+        </formalpara>
+      </listitem>
+
+      <listitem>
+        <formalpara>
+          <title>G</title>
+          <para>
+            Preserve in that license notice the full lists of <link
+            linkend="fdl-invariant"> Invariant Sections</link> and
+            required <link linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Cover
+            Texts</link> given in the <link
+            linkend="fdl-document">Document's</link> license notice.
+          </para>
+        </formalpara>
+      </listitem>
+
+      <listitem>
+        <formalpara>
+          <title>H</title>
+          <para>
+            Include an unaltered copy of this License.
+          </para>
+        </formalpara>
+      </listitem>
+
+      <listitem>
+        <formalpara>
+          <title>I</title>
+          <para>
+            Preserve the section entitled <quote>History</quote>, and
+            its title, and add to it an item stating at least the
+            title, year, new authors, and publisher of the <link
+            linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version </link>as given on
+            the <link linkend="fdl-title-page">Title Page</link>.  If
+            there is no section entitled <quote>History</quote> in the
+            <link linkend="fdl-document">Document</link>, create one
+            stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the
+            Document as given on its Title Page, then add an item
+            describing the Modified Version as stated in the previous
+            sentence.
+          </para>
+        </formalpara>
+      </listitem>
+
+      <listitem>
+        <formalpara>
+          <title>J</title>
+          <para>
+            Preserve the network location, if any, given in the <link
+            linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> for public access
+            to a <link linkend="fdl-transparent">Transparent</link>
+            copy of the Document, and likewise the network locations
+            given in the Document for previous versions it was based
+            on. These may be placed in the <quote>History</quote>
+            section.  You may omit a network location for a work that
+            was published at least four years before the Document
+            itself, or if the original publisher of the version it
+            refers to gives permission.
+          </para>
+        </formalpara>
+      </listitem>
+
+      <listitem>
+        <formalpara>
+          <title>K</title>
+          <para>
+            In any section entitled <quote>Acknowledgements</quote> or
+            <quote>Dedications</quote>, preserve the section's title,
+            and preserve in the section all the substance and tone of
+            each of the contributor acknowledgements and/or
+            dedications given therein.
+          </para>
+        </formalpara>
+      </listitem>
+
+      <listitem>
+        <formalpara>
+          <title>L</title>
+          <para>
+            Preserve all the <link linkend="fdl-invariant">Invariant
+            Sections</link> of the <link
+            linkend="fdl-document">Document</link>, unaltered in their
+            text and in their titles.  Section numbers or the
+            equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.
+          </para>
+        </formalpara>
+      </listitem>
+
+      <listitem>
+        <formalpara>
+          <title>M</title>
+          <para>
+            Delete any section entitled
+            <quote>Endorsements</quote>. Such a section may not be
+            included in the <link linkend="fdl-modified">Modified
+            Version</link>.
+          </para>
+        </formalpara>
+      </listitem>
+
+      <listitem>
+        <formalpara>
+          <title>N</title>
+          <para>
+            Do not retitle any existing section as
+            <quote>Endorsements</quote> or to conflict in title with
+            any <link linkend="fdl-invariant">Invariant
+            Section</link>.
+          </para>
+        </formalpara>
+      </listitem>
+    </itemizedlist>
+
+    <para>
+      If the <link linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version</link>
+      includes new front-matter sections or appendices that qualify as
+      <link linkend="fdl-secondary">Secondary Sections</link> and
+      contain no material copied from the Document, you may at your
+      option designate some or all of these sections as invariant. To
+      do this, add their titles to the list of <link
+      linkend="fdl-invariant">Invariant Sections</link> in the
+      Modified Version's license notice.  These titles must be
+      distinct from any other section titles.
+    </para>
+
+    <para>
+      You may add a section entitled <quote>Endorsements</quote>,
+      provided it contains nothing but endorsements of your <link
+      linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version</link> by various
+      parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text
+      has been approved by an organization as the authoritative
+      definition of a standard.
+    </para>
+
+    <para>
+      You may add a passage of up to five words as a <link
+      linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Front-Cover Text</link>, and a passage
+      of up to 25 words as a <link
+      linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Back-Cover Text</link>, to the end of
+      the list of <link linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Cover Texts</link>
+      in the <link linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version</link>.
+      Only one passage of Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text
+      may be added by (or through arrangements made by) any one
+      entity. If the <link linkend="fdl-document">Document</link>
+      already includes a cover text for the same cover, previously
+      added by you or by arrangement made by the same entity you are
+      acting on behalf of, you may not add another; but you may
+      replace the old one, on explicit permission from the previous
+      publisher that added the old one.
+    </para>
+
+    <para>
+      The author(s) and publisher(s) of the <link
+      linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> do not by this License
+      give permission to use their names for publicity for or to
+      assert or imply endorsement of any <link
+      linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version </link>.
+    </para>
+  </sect1>
+
+  <sect1 id="fdl-section5">
+    <title>5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS</title>
+    <para>
+      You may combine the <link linkend="fdl-document">Document</link>
+      with other documents released under this License, under the
+      terms defined in <link linkend="fdl-section4">section 4</link>
+      above for modified versions, provided that you include in the
+      combination all of the <link linkend="fdl-invariant">Invariant
+      Sections</link> of all of the original documents, unmodified,
+      and list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in
+      its license notice.
+    </para>
+
+    <para>
+      The combined work need only contain one copy of this License,
+      and multiple identical <link linkend="fdl-invariant">Invariant
+      Sections</link> may be replaced with a single copy. If there are
+      multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but different
+      contents, make the title of each such section unique by adding
+      at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original
+      author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique
+      number. Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the
+      list of Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined
+      work.
+    </para>
+
+    <para>
+      In the combination, you must combine any sections entitled
+      <quote>History</quote> in the various original documents,
+      forming one section entitled <quote>History</quote>; likewise
+      combine any sections entitled <quote>Acknowledgements</quote>,
+      and any sections entitled <quote>Dedications</quote>.  You must
+      delete all sections entitled <quote>Endorsements.</quote>
+    </para>
+    </sect1>
+
+  <sect1 id="fdl-section6">
+    <title>6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS</title>
+    <para>
+      You may make a collection consisting of the <link
+      linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> and other documents
+      released under this License, and replace the individual copies
+      of this License in the various documents with a single copy that
+      is included in the collection, provided that you follow the
+      rules of this License for verbatim copying of each of the
+      documents in all other respects.
+    </para>
+
+    <para>
+      You may extract a single document from such a collection, and
+      dispbibute it individually under this License, provided you
+      insert a copy of this License into the extracted document, and
+      follow this License in all other respects regarding verbatim
+      copying of that document.
+    </para>
+    </sect1>
+
+  <sect1 id="fdl-section7">
+    <title>7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS</title>
+    <para>
+      A compilation of the <link
+      linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> or its derivatives with
+      other separate and independent documents or works, in or on a
+      volume of a storage or distribution medium, does not as a whole
+      count as a <link linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version</link>
+      of the Document, provided no compilation copyright is claimed
+      for the compilation.  Such a compilation is called an
+      <quote>aggregate</quote>, and this License does not apply to the
+      other self-contained works thus compiled with the Document , on
+      account of their being thus compiled, if they are not themselves
+      derivative works of the Document.  If the <link
+      linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Cover Text</link> requirement of <link
+      linkend="fdl-section3">section 3</link> is applicable to these
+      copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one
+      quarter of the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may
+      be placed on covers that surround only the Document within the
+      aggregate. Otherwise they must appear on covers around the whole
+      aggregate.
+    </para>
+    </sect1>
+
+  <sect1 id="fdl-section8">
+    <title>8. TRANSLATION</title>
+    <para>
+      Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may
+      distribute translations of the <link
+      linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> under the terms of <link
+      linkend="fdl-section4">section 4</link>. Replacing <link
+      linkend="fdl-invariant"> Invariant Sections</link> with
+      translations requires special permission from their copyright
+      holders, but you may include translations of some or all
+      Invariant Sections in addition to the original versions of these
+      Invariant Sections. You may include a translation of this
+      License provided that you also include the original English
+      version of this License. In case of a disagreement between the
+      translation and the original English version of this License,
+      the original English version will prevail.
+    </para>
+    </sect1>
+
+  <sect1 id="fdl-section9">
+    <title>9. TERMINATION</title>
+    <para>
+      You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the <link
+      linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> except as expressly
+      provided for under this License. Any other attempt to copy,
+      modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will
+      automatically terminate your rights under this License. However,
+      parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this
+      License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
+      parties remain in full compliance.
+    </para>
+    </sect1>
+
+  <sect1 id="fdl-section10">
+    <title>10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE</title>
+    <para>
+      The <ulink type="http"
+      url="http://www.gnu.org/fsf/fsf.html">Free Software
+      Foundation</ulink> may publish new, revised versions of the GNU
+      Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions
+      will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ
+      in detail to address new problems or concerns. See <ulink
+      type="http"
+      url="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft">http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/</ulink>.
+    </para>
+
+    <para>
+      Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version
+      number. If the <link linkend="fdl-document">Document</link>
+      specifies that a particular numbered version of this License
+      <quote>or any later version</quote> applies to it, you have the
+      option of following the terms and conditions either of that
+      specified version or of any later version that has been
+      published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If
+      the Document does not specify a version number of this License,
+      you may choose any version ever published (not as a draft) by
+      the Free Software Foundation.
+    </para>
+  </sect1>
+
+  <sect1 id="fdl-using">
+    <title>Addendum</title>
+    <para>
+      To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of
+      the License in the document and put the following copyright and
+      license notices just after the title page:
+    </para>
+
+    <blockquote>
+      <para>
+        Copyright &copy; YEAR YOUR NAME.
+      </para>
+      <para>
+        Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+        document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation
+        License, Version 1.1 or any later version published by the
+        Free Software Foundation; with the <link
+        linkend="fdl-invariant">Invariant Sections</link> being LIST
+        THEIR TITLES, with the <link
+        linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Front-Cover Texts</link> being LIST,
+        and with the <link linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Back-Cover
+        Texts</link> being LIST.  A copy of the license is included in
+        the section entitled <quote>GNU Free Documentation
+        License</quote>.
+      </para>
+    </blockquote>
+
+    <para>
+      If you have no <link linkend="fdl-invariant">Invariant
+      Sections</link>, write <quote>with no Invariant Sections</quote>
+      instead of saying which ones are invariant.  If you have no
+      <link linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Front-Cover Texts</link>, write
+      <quote>no Front-Cover Texts</quote> instead of
+      <quote>Front-Cover Texts being LIST</quote>; likewise for <link
+      linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Back-Cover Texts</link>.
+    </para>
+
+    <para>
+      If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code,
+      we recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your
+      choice of free software license, such as the <ulink type="http"
+      url="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html"> GNU General Public
+      License</ulink>, to permit their use in free software.
+    </para>
+  </sect1>
+</appendix>
+
+
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/fieldseq_bt.gif b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/fieldseq_bt.gif
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..60e8569a76c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/fieldseq_bt.gif
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/fieldseq_bt.pdf b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/fieldseq_bt.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..26598b23f80d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/fieldseq_bt.pdf
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/fieldseq_tb.gif b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/fieldseq_tb.gif
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..718492f1cfc7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/fieldseq_tb.gif
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/fieldseq_tb.pdf b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/fieldseq_tb.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..4965b22ddb3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/fieldseq_tb.pdf
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-close.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-close.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..dfb41cbbbec3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-close.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+<refentry id="func-close">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>V4L2 close()</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>v4l2-close</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Close a V4L2 device</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcsynopsisinfo>#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;</funcsynopsisinfo>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>close</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>Closes the device. Any I/O in progress is terminated and
+resources associated with the file descriptor are freed. However data
+format parameters, current input or output, control values or other
+properties remain unchanged.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Return Value</title>
+
+    <para>The function returns <returnvalue>0</returnvalue> on
+success, <returnvalue>-1</returnvalue> on failure and the
+<varname>errno</varname> is set appropriately. Possible error
+codes:</para>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBADF</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para><parameter>fd</parameter> is not a valid open file
+descriptor.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-ioctl.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-ioctl.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..00f9690e1c28
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-ioctl.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+<refentry id="func-ioctl">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>V4L2 ioctl()</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>v4l2-ioctl</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Program a V4L2 device</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcsynopsisinfo>#include &lt;sys/ioctl.h&gt;</funcsynopsisinfo>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>void *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>V4L2 ioctl request code as defined in the <link
+linkend="videodev">videodev.h</link> header file, for example
+VIDIOC_QUERYCAP.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Pointer to a function parameter, usually a structure.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>The <function>ioctl()</function> function is used to program
+V4L2 devices. The argument <parameter>fd</parameter> must be an open
+file descriptor. An ioctl <parameter>request</parameter> has encoded
+in it whether the argument is an input, output or read/write
+parameter, and the size of the argument <parameter>argp</parameter> in
+bytes. Macros and defines specifying V4L2 ioctl requests are located
+in the <link linkend="videodev">videodev.h</link> header file.
+Applications should use their own copy, not include the version in the
+kernel sources on the system they compile on. All V4L2 ioctl requests,
+their respective function and parameters are specified in <xref
+        linkend="user-func" />.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Return Value</title>
+
+    <para>On success the <function>ioctl()</function> function returns
+<returnvalue>0</returnvalue> and does not reset the
+<varname>errno</varname> variable. On failure
+<returnvalue>-1</returnvalue> is returned, when the ioctl takes an
+output or read/write parameter it remains unmodified, and the
+<varname>errno</varname> variable is set appropriately. See below for
+possible error codes. Generic errors like <errorcode>EBADF</errorcode>
+or <errorcode>EFAULT</errorcode> are not listed in the sections
+discussing individual ioctl requests.</para>
+    <para>Note ioctls may return undefined error codes. Since errors
+may have side effects such as a driver reset applications should
+abort on unexpected errors.</para>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBADF</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para><parameter>fd</parameter> is not a valid open file
+descriptor.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The property cannot be changed right now. Typically
+this error code is returned when I/O is in progress or the driver
+supports multiple opens and another process locked the property.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EFAULT</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para><parameter>argp</parameter> references an inaccessible
+memory area.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>ENOTTY</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para><parameter>fd</parameter> is  not  associated  with  a
+character special device.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <parameter>request</parameter> or the data pointed
+to by <parameter>argp</parameter> is not valid. This is a very common
+error code, see the individual ioctl requests listed in <xref
+              linkend="user-func" /> for actual causes.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>ENOMEM</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Not enough physical or virtual memory was available to
+complete the request.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>ERANGE</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The application attempted to set a control with the
+&VIDIOC-S-CTRL; ioctl to a value which is out of bounds.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-mmap.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-mmap.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..2e2fc3933aea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-mmap.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+<refentry id="func-mmap">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>V4L2 mmap()</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>v4l2-mmap</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Map device memory into application address space</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcsynopsisinfo>
+#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;
+#include &lt;sys/mman.h&gt;</funcsynopsisinfo>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>void *<function>mmap</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>void *<parameter>start</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>size_t <parameter>length</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>prot</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>flags</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>off_t <parameter>offset</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>start</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Map the buffer to this address in the
+application's address space. When the <constant>MAP_FIXED</constant>
+flag is specified, <parameter>start</parameter> must be a multiple of the
+pagesize and mmap will fail when the specified address
+cannot be used. Use of this option is discouraged; applications should
+just specify a <constant>NULL</constant> pointer here.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>length</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Length of the memory area to map. This must be the
+same value as returned by the driver in the &v4l2-buffer;
+<structfield>length</structfield> field.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>prot</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <parameter>prot</parameter> argument describes the
+desired memory protection. Regardless of the device type and the
+direction of data exchange it should be set to
+<constant>PROT_READ</constant> | <constant>PROT_WRITE</constant>,
+permitting read and write access to image buffers. Drivers should
+support at least this combination of flags. Note the Linux
+<filename>video-buf</filename> kernel module, which is used by the
+bttv, saa7134, saa7146, cx88 and vivi driver supports only
+<constant>PROT_READ</constant> | <constant>PROT_WRITE</constant>. When
+the driver does not support the desired protection the
+<function>mmap()</function> function fails.</para>
+          <para>Note device memory accesses (&eg; the memory on a
+graphics card with video capturing hardware) may incur a performance
+penalty compared to main memory accesses, or reads may be
+significantly slower than writes or vice versa. Other I/O methods may
+be more efficient in this case.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>flags</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <parameter>flags</parameter> parameter
+specifies the type of the mapped object, mapping options and whether
+modifications made to the mapped copy of the page are private to the
+process or are to be shared with other references.</para>
+          <para><constant>MAP_FIXED</constant> requests that the
+driver selects no other address than the one specified. If the
+specified address cannot be used, <function>mmap()</function> will fail. If
+<constant>MAP_FIXED</constant> is specified,
+<parameter>start</parameter> must be a multiple of the pagesize. Use
+of this option is discouraged.</para>
+          <para>One of the <constant>MAP_SHARED</constant> or
+<constant>MAP_PRIVATE</constant> flags must be set.
+<constant>MAP_SHARED</constant> allows applications to share the
+mapped memory with other (&eg; child-) processes. Note the Linux
+<filename>video-buf</filename> module which is used by the bttv,
+saa7134, saa7146, cx88 and vivi driver supports only
+<constant>MAP_SHARED</constant>. <constant>MAP_PRIVATE</constant>
+requests copy-on-write semantics. V4L2 applications should not set the
+<constant>MAP_PRIVATE</constant>, <constant>MAP_DENYWRITE</constant>,
+<constant>MAP_EXECUTABLE</constant> or <constant>MAP_ANON</constant>
+flag.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>offset</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Offset of the buffer in device memory. This must be the
+same value as returned by the driver in the &v4l2-buffer;
+<structfield>m</structfield> union <structfield>offset</structfield> field.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>The <function>mmap()</function> function asks to map
+<parameter>length</parameter> bytes starting at
+<parameter>offset</parameter> in the memory of the device specified by
+<parameter>fd</parameter> into the application address space,
+preferably at address <parameter>start</parameter>. This latter
+address is a hint only, and is usually specified as 0.</para>
+
+    <para>Suitable length and offset parameters are queried with the
+&VIDIOC-QUERYBUF; ioctl. Buffers must be allocated with the
+&VIDIOC-REQBUFS; ioctl before they can be queried.</para>
+
+    <para>To unmap buffers the &func-munmap; function is used.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Return Value</title>
+
+    <para>On success <function>mmap()</function> returns a pointer to
+the mapped buffer. On error <constant>MAP_FAILED</constant> (-1) is
+returned, and the <varname>errno</varname> variable is set
+appropriately. Possible error codes are:</para>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBADF</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para><parameter>fd</parameter> is not a valid file
+descriptor.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EACCES</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para><parameter>fd</parameter> is
+not open for reading and writing.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <parameter>start</parameter> or
+<parameter>length</parameter> or <parameter>offset</parameter> are not
+suitable. (E.&nbsp;g. they are too large, or not aligned on a
+<constant>PAGESIZE</constant> boundary.)</para>
+          <para>The <parameter>flags</parameter> or
+<parameter>prot</parameter> value is not supported.</para>
+          <para>No buffers have been allocated with the
+&VIDIOC-REQBUFS; ioctl.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>ENOMEM</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Not enough physical or virtual memory was available to
+complete the request.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-munmap.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-munmap.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..502ed49323b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-munmap.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+<refentry id="func-munmap">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>V4L2 munmap()</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>v4l2-munmap</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Unmap device memory</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcsynopsisinfo>
+#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;
+#include &lt;sys/mman.h&gt;</funcsynopsisinfo>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>munmap</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>void *<parameter>start</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>size_t <parameter>length</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>start</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Address of the mapped buffer as returned by the
+&func-mmap; function.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>length</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Length of the mapped buffer. This must be the same
+value as given to <function>mmap()</function> and returned by the
+driver in the &v4l2-buffer; <structfield>length</structfield>
+field.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>Unmaps a previously with the &func-mmap; function mapped
+buffer and frees it, if possible. <!-- ? This function (not freeing)
+has no impact on I/O in progress, specifically it does not imply
+&VIDIOC-STREAMOFF; to terminate I/O. Unmapped buffers can still be
+enqueued, dequeued or queried, they are just not accessible by the
+application.--></para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Return Value</title>
+
+    <para>On success <function>munmap()</function> returns 0, on
+failure -1 and the <varname>errno</varname> variable is set
+appropriately:</para>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <parameter>start</parameter> or
+<parameter>length</parameter> is incorrect, or no buffers have been
+mapped yet.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-open.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-open.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..7595d07a8c72
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-open.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+<refentry id="func-open">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>V4L2 open()</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>v4l2-open</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Open a V4L2 device</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcsynopsisinfo>#include &lt;fcntl.h&gt;</funcsynopsisinfo>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>open</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>const char *<parameter>device_name</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>flags</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>device_name</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Device to be opened.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>flags</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Open flags. Access mode must be
+<constant>O_RDWR</constant>. This is just a technicality, input devices
+still support only reading and output devices only writing.</para>
+          <para>When the <constant>O_NONBLOCK</constant> flag is
+given, the read() function and the &VIDIOC-DQBUF; ioctl will return
+the &EAGAIN; when no data is available or no buffer is in the driver
+outgoing queue, otherwise these functions block until data becomes
+available. All V4L2 drivers exchanging data with applications must
+support the <constant>O_NONBLOCK</constant> flag.</para>
+          <para>Other flags have no effect.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To open a V4L2 device applications call
+<function>open()</function> with the desired device name. This
+function has no side effects; all data format parameters, current
+input or output, control values or other properties remain unchanged.
+At the first <function>open()</function> call after loading the driver
+they will be reset to default values, drivers are never in an
+undefined state.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Return Value</title>
+
+    <para>On success <function>open</function> returns the new file
+descriptor. On error -1 is returned, and the <varname>errno</varname>
+variable is set appropriately. Possible error codes are:</para>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EACCES</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The caller has no permission to access the
+device.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The driver does not support multiple opens and the
+device is already in use.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>ENXIO</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>No device corresponding to this device special file
+exists.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>ENOMEM</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Not enough kernel memory was available to complete the
+request.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EMFILE</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The  process  already  has  the  maximum number of
+files open.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>ENFILE</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The limit on the total number of files open on the
+system has been reached.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-poll.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-poll.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..ec3c718f5963
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-poll.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+<refentry id="func-poll">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>V4L2 poll()</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>v4l2-poll</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Wait for some event on a file descriptor</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcsynopsisinfo>#include &lt;sys/poll.h&gt;</funcsynopsisinfo>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>poll</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>struct pollfd *<parameter>ufds</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>unsigned int <parameter>nfds</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>timeout</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>With the <function>poll()</function> function applications
+can suspend execution until the driver has captured data or is ready
+to accept data for output.</para>
+
+    <para>When streaming I/O has been negotiated this function waits
+until a buffer has been filled or displayed and can be dequeued with
+the &VIDIOC-DQBUF; ioctl. When buffers are already in the outgoing
+queue of the driver the function returns immediately.</para>
+
+    <para>On success <function>poll()</function> returns the number of
+file descriptors that have been selected (that is, file descriptors
+for which the <structfield>revents</structfield> field of the
+respective <structname>pollfd</structname> structure is non-zero).
+Capture devices set the <constant>POLLIN</constant> and
+<constant>POLLRDNORM</constant> flags in the
+<structfield>revents</structfield> field, output devices the
+<constant>POLLOUT</constant> and <constant>POLLWRNORM</constant>
+flags. When the function timed out it returns a value of zero, on
+failure it returns <returnvalue>-1</returnvalue> and the
+<varname>errno</varname> variable is set appropriately. When the
+application did not call &VIDIOC-QBUF; or &VIDIOC-STREAMON; yet the
+<function>poll()</function> function succeeds, but sets the
+<constant>POLLERR</constant> flag in the
+<structfield>revents</structfield> field.</para>
+
+    <para>When use of the <function>read()</function> function has
+been negotiated and the driver does not capture yet, the
+<function>poll</function> function starts capturing. When that fails
+it returns a <constant>POLLERR</constant> as above. Otherwise it waits
+until data has been captured and can be read. When the driver captures
+continuously (as opposed to, for example, still images) the function
+may return immediately.</para>
+
+    <para>When use of the <function>write()</function> function has
+been negotiated the <function>poll</function> function just waits
+until the driver is ready for a non-blocking
+<function>write()</function> call.</para>
+
+    <para>All drivers implementing the <function>read()</function> or
+<function>write()</function> function or streaming I/O must also
+support the <function>poll()</function> function.</para>
+
+    <para>For more details see the
+<function>poll()</function> manual page.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Return Value</title>
+
+    <para>On success, <function>poll()</function> returns the number
+structures which have non-zero <structfield>revents</structfield>
+fields, or zero if the call timed out. On error
+<returnvalue>-1</returnvalue> is returned, and the
+<varname>errno</varname> variable is set appropriately:</para>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBADF</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>One or more of the <parameter>ufds</parameter> members
+specify an invalid file descriptor.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The driver does not support multiple read or write
+streams and the device is already in use.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EFAULT</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para><parameter>ufds</parameter> references an inaccessible
+memory area.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINTR</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The call was interrupted by a signal.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <parameter>nfds</parameter> argument is greater
+than <constant>OPEN_MAX</constant>.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-read.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-read.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..a5089bf8873d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-read.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+<refentry id="func-read">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>V4L2 read()</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>v4l2-read</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Read from a V4L2 device</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcsynopsisinfo>#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;</funcsynopsisinfo>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>ssize_t <function>read</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>void *<parameter>buf</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>size_t <parameter>count</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>buf</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>count</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para><function>read()</function> attempts to read up to
+<parameter>count</parameter> bytes from file descriptor
+<parameter>fd</parameter> into the buffer starting at
+<parameter>buf</parameter>. The layout of the data in the buffer is
+discussed in the respective device interface section, see ##. If <parameter>count</parameter> is zero,
+<function>read()</function> returns zero and has no other results. If
+<parameter>count</parameter> is greater than
+<constant>SSIZE_MAX</constant>, the result is unspecified. Regardless
+of the <parameter>count</parameter> value each
+<function>read()</function> call will provide at most one frame (two
+fields) worth of data.</para>
+
+    <para>By default <function>read()</function> blocks until data
+becomes available. When the <constant>O_NONBLOCK</constant> flag was
+given to the &func-open; function it
+returns immediately with an &EAGAIN; when no data is available. The
+&func-select; or &func-poll; functions
+can always be used to suspend execution until data becomes available. All
+drivers supporting the <function>read()</function> function must also
+support <function>select()</function> and
+<function>poll()</function>.</para>
+
+    <para>Drivers can implement read functionality in different
+ways, using a single or multiple buffers and discarding the oldest or
+newest frames once the internal buffers are filled.</para>
+
+    <para><function>read()</function> never returns a "snapshot" of a
+buffer being filled. Using a single buffer the driver will stop
+capturing when the application starts reading the buffer until the
+read is finished. Thus only the period of the vertical blanking
+interval is available for reading, or the capture rate must fall below
+the nominal frame rate of the video standard.</para>
+
+<para>The behavior of
+<function>read()</function> when called during the active picture
+period or the vertical blanking separating the top and bottom field
+depends on the discarding policy. A driver discarding the oldest
+frames keeps capturing into an internal buffer, continuously
+overwriting the previously, not read frame, and returns the frame
+being received at the time of the <function>read()</function> call as
+soon as it is complete.</para>
+
+    <para>A driver discarding the newest frames stops capturing until
+the next <function>read()</function> call. The frame being received at
+<function>read()</function> time is discarded, returning the following
+frame instead. Again this implies a reduction of the capture rate to
+one half or less of the nominal frame rate. An example of this model
+is the video read mode of the bttv driver, initiating a DMA to user
+memory when <function>read()</function> is called and returning when
+the DMA finished.</para>
+
+    <para>In the multiple buffer model drivers maintain a ring of
+internal buffers, automatically advancing to the next free buffer.
+This allows continuous capturing when the application can empty the
+buffers fast enough. Again, the behavior when the driver runs out of
+free buffers depends on the discarding policy.</para>
+
+    <para>Applications can get and set the number of buffers used
+internally by the driver with the &VIDIOC-G-PARM; and &VIDIOC-S-PARM;
+ioctls. They are optional, however. The discarding policy is not
+reported and cannot be changed. For minimum requirements see <xref
+        linkend="devices" />.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Return Value</title>
+
+    <para>On success, the number of bytes read is returned. It is not
+an error if this number is smaller than the number of bytes requested,
+or the amount of data required for one frame. This may happen for
+example because <function>read()</function> was interrupted by a
+signal. On error, -1 is returned, and the <varname>errno</varname>
+variable is set appropriately. In this case the next read will start
+at the beginning of a new frame. Possible error codes are:</para>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EAGAIN</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Non-blocking I/O has been selected using
+O_NONBLOCK and no data was immediately available for reading.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBADF</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para><parameter>fd</parameter> is not a valid file
+descriptor or is not open for reading, or the process already has the
+maximum number of files open.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The driver does not support multiple read streams and the
+device is already in use.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EFAULT</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para><parameter>buf</parameter> references an inaccessible
+memory area.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINTR</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The call was interrupted by a signal before any
+data was read.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EIO</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>I/O error. This indicates some hardware problem or a
+failure to communicate with a remote device (USB camera etc.).</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <function>read()</function> function is not
+supported by this driver, not on this device, or generally not on this
+type of device.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-select.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-select.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b6713623181f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-select.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+<refentry id="func-select">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>V4L2 select()</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>v4l2-select</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Synchronous I/O multiplexing</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcsynopsisinfo>
+#include &lt;sys/time.h&gt;
+#include &lt;sys/types.h&gt;
+#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;</funcsynopsisinfo>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>select</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>nfds</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>fd_set *<parameter>readfds</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>fd_set *<parameter>writefds</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>fd_set *<parameter>exceptfds</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct timeval *<parameter>timeout</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>With the <function>select()</function> function applications
+can suspend execution until the driver has captured data or is ready
+to accept data for output.</para>
+
+    <para>When streaming I/O has been negotiated this function waits
+until a buffer has been filled or displayed and can be dequeued with
+the &VIDIOC-DQBUF; ioctl. When buffers are already in the outgoing
+queue of the driver the function returns immediately.</para>
+
+    <para>On success <function>select()</function> returns the total
+number of bits set in the <structname>fd_set</structname>s. When the
+function timed out it returns a value of zero. On failure it returns
+<returnvalue>-1</returnvalue> and the <varname>errno</varname>
+variable is set appropriately. When the application did not call
+&VIDIOC-QBUF; or &VIDIOC-STREAMON; yet the
+<function>select()</function> function succeeds, setting the bit of
+the file descriptor in <parameter>readfds</parameter> or
+<parameter>writefds</parameter>, but subsequent &VIDIOC-DQBUF; calls
+will fail.<footnote><para>The Linux kernel implements
+<function>select()</function> like the &func-poll; function, but
+<function>select()</function> cannot return a
+<constant>POLLERR</constant>.</para>
+      </footnote></para>
+
+    <para>When use of the <function>read()</function> function has
+been negotiated and the driver does not capture yet, the
+<function>select()</function> function starts capturing. When that
+fails, <function>select()</function> returns successful and a
+subsequent <function>read()</function> call, which also attempts to
+start capturing, will return an appropriate error code. When the
+driver captures continuously (as opposed to, for example, still
+images) and data is already available the
+<function>select()</function> function returns immediately.</para>
+
+    <para>When use of the <function>write()</function> function has
+been negotiated the <function>select()</function> function just waits
+until the driver is ready for a non-blocking
+<function>write()</function> call.</para>
+
+    <para>All drivers implementing the <function>read()</function> or
+<function>write()</function> function or streaming I/O must also
+support the <function>select()</function> function.</para>
+
+    <para>For more details see the <function>select()</function>
+manual page.</para>
+
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Return Value</title>
+
+    <para>On success, <function>select()</function> returns the number
+of descriptors contained in the three returned descriptor sets, which
+will be zero if the timeout expired. On error
+<returnvalue>-1</returnvalue> is returned, and the
+<varname>errno</varname> variable is set appropriately; the sets and
+<parameter>timeout</parameter> are undefined. Possible error codes
+are:</para>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBADF</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>One or more of the file descriptor sets specified a
+file descriptor that is not open.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The driver does not support multiple read or write
+streams and the device is already in use.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EFAULT</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <parameter>readfds</parameter>,
+<parameter>writefds</parameter>, <parameter>exceptfds</parameter> or
+<parameter>timeout</parameter> pointer references an inaccessible memory
+area.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINTR</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The call was interrupted by a signal.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <parameter>nfds</parameter> argument is less than
+zero or greater than <constant>FD_SETSIZE</constant>.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-write.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-write.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..2c09c09371c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/func-write.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+<refentry id="func-write">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>V4L2 write()</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>v4l2-write</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Write to a V4L2 device</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcsynopsisinfo>#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;</funcsynopsisinfo>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>ssize_t <function>write</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>void *<parameter>buf</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>size_t <parameter>count</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>buf</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>count</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para><function>write()</function> writes up to
+<parameter>count</parameter> bytes to the device referenced by the
+file descriptor <parameter>fd</parameter> from the buffer starting at
+<parameter>buf</parameter>. When the hardware outputs are not active
+yet, this function enables them. When <parameter>count</parameter> is
+zero, <function>write()</function> returns
+<returnvalue>0</returnvalue> without any other effect.</para>
+
+    <para>When the application does not provide more data in time, the
+previous video frame, raw VBI image, sliced VPS or WSS data is
+displayed again. Sliced Teletext or Closed Caption data is not
+repeated, the driver inserts a blank line instead.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Return Value</title>
+
+    <para>On success, the number of bytes written are returned. Zero
+indicates nothing was written. On error, <returnvalue>-1</returnvalue>
+is returned, and the <varname>errno</varname> variable is set
+appropriately. In this case the next write will start at the beginning
+of a new frame. Possible error codes are:</para>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EAGAIN</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Non-blocking I/O has been selected using the <link
+linkend="func-open"><constant>O_NONBLOCK</constant></link> flag and no
+buffer space was available to write the data immediately.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBADF</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para><parameter>fd</parameter> is not a valid file
+descriptor or is not open for writing.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The driver does not support multiple write streams and the
+device is already in use.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EFAULT</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para><parameter>buf</parameter> references an inaccessible
+memory area.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINTR</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The call was interrupted by a signal before any
+data was written.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EIO</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>I/O error. This indicates some hardware problem.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <function>write()</function> function is not
+supported by this driver, not on this device, or generally not on this
+type of device.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/io.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/io.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..f92f24323b2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/io.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,1073 @@
+  <title>Input/Output</title>
+
+  <para>The V4L2 API defines several different methods to read from or
+write to a device. All drivers exchanging data with applications must
+support at least one of them.</para>
+
+  <para>The classic I/O method using the <function>read()</function>
+and <function>write()</function> function is automatically selected
+after opening a V4L2 device. When the driver does not support this
+method attempts to read or write will fail at any time.</para>
+
+  <para>Other methods must be negotiated. To select the streaming I/O
+method with memory mapped or user buffers applications call the
+&VIDIOC-REQBUFS; ioctl. The asynchronous I/O method is not defined
+yet.</para>
+
+  <para>Video overlay can be considered another I/O method, although
+the application does not directly receive the image data. It is
+selected by initiating video overlay with the &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl.
+For more information see <xref linkend="overlay" />.</para>
+
+  <para>Generally exactly one I/O method, including overlay, is
+associated with each file descriptor. The only exceptions are
+applications not exchanging data with a driver ("panel applications",
+see <xref linkend="open" />) and drivers permitting simultaneous video capturing
+and overlay using the same file descriptor, for compatibility with V4L
+and earlier versions of V4L2.</para>
+
+  <para><constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_REQBUFS</constant> would permit this to some degree,
+but for simplicity drivers need not support switching the I/O method
+(after first switching away from read/write) other than by closing
+and reopening the device.</para>
+
+  <para>The following sections describe the various I/O methods in
+more detail.</para>
+
+  <section id="rw">
+    <title>Read/Write</title>
+
+    <para>Input and output devices support the
+<function>read()</function> and <function>write()</function> function,
+respectively, when the <constant>V4L2_CAP_READWRITE</constant> flag in
+the <structfield>capabilities</structfield> field of &v4l2-capability;
+returned by the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl is set.</para>
+
+    <para>Drivers may need the CPU to copy the data, but they may also
+support DMA to or from user memory, so this I/O method is not
+necessarily less efficient than other methods merely exchanging buffer
+pointers. It is considered inferior though because no meta-information
+like frame counters or timestamps are passed. This information is
+necessary to recognize frame dropping and to synchronize with other
+data streams. However this is also the simplest I/O method, requiring
+little or no setup to exchange data. It permits command line stunts
+like this (the <application>vidctrl</application> tool is
+fictitious):</para>
+
+    <informalexample>
+      <screen>
+&gt; vidctrl /dev/video --input=0 --format=YUYV --size=352x288
+&gt; dd if=/dev/video of=myimage.422 bs=202752 count=1
+</screen>
+    </informalexample>
+
+    <para>To read from the device applications use the
+&func-read; function, to write the &func-write; function.
+Drivers must implement one I/O method if they
+exchange data with applications, but it need not be this.<footnote>
+        <para>It would be desirable if applications could depend on
+drivers supporting all I/O interfaces, but as much as the complex
+memory mapping I/O can be inadequate for some devices we have no
+reason to require this interface, which is most useful for simple
+applications capturing still images.</para>
+      </footnote> When reading or writing is supported, the driver
+must also support the &func-select; and &func-poll;
+function.<footnote>
+        <para>At the driver level <function>select()</function> and
+<function>poll()</function> are the same, and
+<function>select()</function> is too important to be optional.</para>
+      </footnote></para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="mmap">
+    <title>Streaming I/O (Memory Mapping)</title>
+
+    <para>Input and output devices support this I/O method when the
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_STREAMING</constant> flag in the
+<structfield>capabilities</structfield> field of &v4l2-capability;
+returned by the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl is set. There are two
+streaming methods, to determine if the memory mapping flavor is
+supported applications must call the &VIDIOC-REQBUFS; ioctl.</para>
+
+    <para>Streaming is an I/O method where only pointers to buffers
+are exchanged between application and driver, the data itself is not
+copied. Memory mapping is primarily intended to map buffers in device
+memory into the application's address space. Device memory can be for
+example the video memory on a graphics card with a video capture
+add-on. However, being the most efficient I/O method available for a
+long time, many other drivers support streaming as well, allocating
+buffers in DMA-able main memory.</para>
+
+    <para>A driver can support many sets of buffers. Each set is
+identified by a unique buffer type value. The sets are independent and
+each set can hold a different type of data. To access different sets
+at the same time different file descriptors must be used.<footnote>
+        <para>One could use one file descriptor and set the buffer
+type field accordingly when calling &VIDIOC-QBUF; etc., but it makes
+the <function>select()</function> function ambiguous. We also like the
+clean approach of one file descriptor per logical stream. Video
+overlay for example is also a logical stream, although the CPU is not
+needed for continuous operation.</para>
+      </footnote></para>
+
+    <para>To allocate device buffers applications call the
+&VIDIOC-REQBUFS; ioctl with the desired number of buffers and buffer
+type, for example <constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant>.
+This ioctl can also be used to change the number of buffers or to free
+the allocated memory, provided none of the buffers are still
+mapped.</para>
+
+    <para>Before applications can access the buffers they must map
+them into their address space with the &func-mmap; function. The
+location of the buffers in device memory can be determined with the
+&VIDIOC-QUERYBUF; ioctl. The <structfield>m.offset</structfield> and
+<structfield>length</structfield> returned in a &v4l2-buffer; are
+passed as sixth and second parameter to the
+<function>mmap()</function> function. The offset and length values
+must not be modified. Remember the buffers are allocated in physical
+memory, as opposed to virtual memory which can be swapped out to disk.
+Applications should free the buffers as soon as possible with the
+&func-munmap; function.</para>
+
+    <example>
+      <title>Mapping buffers</title>
+
+      <programlisting>
+&v4l2-requestbuffers; reqbuf;
+struct {
+        void *start;
+        size_t length;
+} *buffers;
+unsigned int i;
+
+memset (&amp;reqbuf, 0, sizeof (reqbuf));
+reqbuf.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+reqbuf.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
+reqbuf.count = 20;
+
+if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-REQBUFS;, &amp;reqbuf)) {
+        if (errno == EINVAL)
+                printf ("Video capturing or mmap-streaming is not supported\n");
+        else
+                perror ("VIDIOC_REQBUFS");
+
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+/* We want at least five buffers. */
+
+if (reqbuf.count &lt; 5) {
+        /* You may need to free the buffers here. */
+        printf ("Not enough buffer memory\n");
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+buffers = calloc (reqbuf.count, sizeof (*buffers));
+assert (buffers != NULL);
+
+for (i = 0; i &lt; reqbuf.count; i++) {
+        &v4l2-buffer; buffer;
+
+        memset (&amp;buffer, 0, sizeof (buffer));
+        buffer.type = reqbuf.type;
+        buffer.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
+        buffer.index = i;
+
+        if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-QUERYBUF;, &amp;buffer)) {
+                perror ("VIDIOC_QUERYBUF");
+                exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+
+        buffers[i].length = buffer.length; /* remember for munmap() */
+
+        buffers[i].start = mmap (NULL, buffer.length,
+                                 PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, /* recommended */
+                                 MAP_SHARED,             /* recommended */
+                                 fd, buffer.m.offset);
+
+        if (MAP_FAILED == buffers[i].start) {
+                /* If you do not exit here you should unmap() and free()
+                   the buffers mapped so far. */
+                perror ("mmap");
+                exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+}
+
+/* Cleanup. */
+
+for (i = 0; i &lt; reqbuf.count; i++)
+        munmap (buffers[i].start, buffers[i].length);
+      </programlisting>
+    </example>
+
+    <para>Conceptually streaming drivers maintain two buffer queues, an incoming
+and an outgoing queue. They separate the synchronous capture or output
+operation locked to a video clock from the application which is
+subject to random disk or network delays and preemption by
+other processes, thereby reducing the probability of data loss.
+The queues are organized as FIFOs, buffers will be
+output in the order enqueued in the incoming FIFO, and were
+captured in the order dequeued from the outgoing FIFO.</para>
+
+    <para>The driver may require a minimum number of buffers enqueued
+at all times to function, apart of this no limit exists on the number
+of buffers applications can enqueue in advance, or dequeue and
+process. They can also enqueue in a different order than buffers have
+been dequeued, and the driver can <emphasis>fill</emphasis> enqueued
+<emphasis>empty</emphasis> buffers in any order. <footnote>
+        <para>Random enqueue order permits applications processing
+images out of order (such as video codecs) to return buffers earlier,
+reducing the probability of data loss. Random fill order allows
+drivers to reuse buffers on a LIFO-basis, taking advantage of caches
+holding scatter-gather lists and the like.</para>
+      </footnote> The index number of a buffer (&v4l2-buffer;
+<structfield>index</structfield>) plays no role here, it only
+identifies the buffer.</para>
+
+    <para>Initially all mapped buffers are in dequeued state,
+inaccessible by the driver. For capturing applications it is customary
+to first enqueue all mapped buffers, then to start capturing and enter
+the read loop. Here the application waits until a filled buffer can be
+dequeued, and re-enqueues the buffer when the data is no longer
+needed. Output applications fill and enqueue buffers, when enough
+buffers are stacked up the output is started with
+<constant>VIDIOC_STREAMON</constant>. In the write loop, when
+the application runs out of free buffers, it must wait until an empty
+buffer can be dequeued and reused.</para>
+
+    <para>To enqueue and dequeue a buffer applications use the
+&VIDIOC-QBUF; and &VIDIOC-DQBUF; ioctl. The status of a buffer being
+mapped, enqueued, full or empty can be determined at any time using the
+&VIDIOC-QUERYBUF; ioctl. Two methods exist to suspend execution of the
+application until one or more buffers can be dequeued. By default
+<constant>VIDIOC_DQBUF</constant> blocks when no buffer is in the
+outgoing queue. When the <constant>O_NONBLOCK</constant> flag was
+given to the &func-open; function, <constant>VIDIOC_DQBUF</constant>
+returns immediately with an &EAGAIN; when no buffer is available. The
+&func-select; or &func-poll; function are always available.</para>
+
+    <para>To start and stop capturing or output applications call the
+&VIDIOC-STREAMON; and &VIDIOC-STREAMOFF; ioctl. Note
+<constant>VIDIOC_STREAMOFF</constant> removes all buffers from both
+queues as a side effect. Since there is no notion of doing anything
+"now" on a multitasking system, if an application needs to synchronize
+with another event it should examine the &v4l2-buffer;
+<structfield>timestamp</structfield> of captured buffers, or set the
+field before enqueuing buffers for output.</para>
+
+    <para>Drivers implementing memory mapping I/O must
+support the <constant>VIDIOC_REQBUFS</constant>,
+<constant>VIDIOC_QUERYBUF</constant>,
+<constant>VIDIOC_QBUF</constant>, <constant>VIDIOC_DQBUF</constant>,
+<constant>VIDIOC_STREAMON</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_STREAMOFF</constant> ioctl, the
+<function>mmap()</function>, <function>munmap()</function>,
+<function>select()</function> and <function>poll()</function>
+function.<footnote>
+        <para>At the driver level <function>select()</function> and
+<function>poll()</function> are the same, and
+<function>select()</function> is too important to be optional. The
+rest should be evident.</para>
+      </footnote></para>
+
+    <para>[capture example]</para>
+
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="userp">
+    <title>Streaming I/O (User Pointers)</title>
+
+    <para>Input and output devices support this I/O method when the
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_STREAMING</constant> flag in the
+<structfield>capabilities</structfield> field of &v4l2-capability;
+returned by the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl is set. If the particular user
+pointer method (not only memory mapping) is supported must be
+determined by calling the &VIDIOC-REQBUFS; ioctl.</para>
+
+    <para>This I/O method combines advantages of the read/write and
+memory mapping methods. Buffers are allocated by the application
+itself, and can reside for example in virtual or shared memory. Only
+pointers to data are exchanged, these pointers and meta-information
+are passed in &v4l2-buffer;. The driver must be switched
+into user pointer I/O mode by calling the &VIDIOC-REQBUFS; with the
+desired buffer type. No buffers are allocated beforehands,
+consequently they are not indexed and cannot be queried like mapped
+buffers with the <constant>VIDIOC_QUERYBUF</constant> ioctl.</para>
+
+    <example>
+      <title>Initiating streaming I/O with user pointers</title>
+
+      <programlisting>
+&v4l2-requestbuffers; reqbuf;
+
+memset (&amp;reqbuf, 0, sizeof (reqbuf));
+reqbuf.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+reqbuf.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_USERPTR;
+
+if (ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-REQBUFS;, &amp;reqbuf) == -1) {
+        if (errno == EINVAL)
+                printf ("Video capturing or user pointer streaming is not supported\n");
+        else
+                perror ("VIDIOC_REQBUFS");
+
+        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+      </programlisting>
+    </example>
+
+    <para>Buffer addresses and sizes are passed on the fly with the
+&VIDIOC-QBUF; ioctl. Although buffers are commonly cycled,
+applications can pass different addresses and sizes at each
+<constant>VIDIOC_QBUF</constant> call. If required by the hardware the
+driver swaps memory pages within physical memory to create a
+continuous area of memory. This happens transparently to the
+application in the virtual memory subsystem of the kernel. When buffer
+pages have been swapped out to disk they are brought back and finally
+locked in physical memory for DMA.<footnote>
+        <para>We expect that frequently used buffers are typically not
+swapped out. Anyway, the process of swapping, locking or generating
+scatter-gather lists may be time consuming. The delay can be masked by
+the depth of the incoming buffer queue, and perhaps by maintaining
+caches assuming a buffer will be soon enqueued again. On the other
+hand, to optimize memory usage drivers can limit the number of buffers
+locked in advance and recycle the most recently used buffers first. Of
+course, the pages of empty buffers in the incoming queue need not be
+saved to disk. Output buffers must be saved on the incoming and
+outgoing queue because an application may share them with other
+processes.</para>
+      </footnote></para>
+
+    <para>Filled or displayed buffers are dequeued with the
+&VIDIOC-DQBUF; ioctl. The driver can unlock the memory pages at any
+time between the completion of the DMA and this ioctl. The memory is
+also unlocked when &VIDIOC-STREAMOFF; is called, &VIDIOC-REQBUFS;, or
+when the device is closed. Applications must take care not to free
+buffers without dequeuing. For once, the buffers remain locked until
+further, wasting physical memory. Second the driver will not be
+notified when the memory is returned to the application's free list
+and subsequently reused for other purposes, possibly completing the
+requested DMA and overwriting valuable data.</para>
+
+    <para>For capturing applications it is customary to enqueue a
+number of empty buffers, to start capturing and enter the read loop.
+Here the application waits until a filled buffer can be dequeued, and
+re-enqueues the buffer when the data is no longer needed. Output
+applications fill and enqueue buffers, when enough buffers are stacked
+up output is started. In the write loop, when the application
+runs out of free buffers it must wait until an empty buffer can be
+dequeued and reused. Two methods exist to suspend execution of the
+application until one or more buffers can be dequeued. By default
+<constant>VIDIOC_DQBUF</constant> blocks when no buffer is in the
+outgoing queue. When the <constant>O_NONBLOCK</constant> flag was
+given to the &func-open; function, <constant>VIDIOC_DQBUF</constant>
+returns immediately with an &EAGAIN; when no buffer is available. The
+&func-select; or &func-poll; function are always available.</para>
+
+    <para>To start and stop capturing or output applications call the
+&VIDIOC-STREAMON; and &VIDIOC-STREAMOFF; ioctl. Note
+<constant>VIDIOC_STREAMOFF</constant> removes all buffers from both
+queues and unlocks all buffers as a side effect. Since there is no
+notion of doing anything "now" on a multitasking system, if an
+application needs to synchronize with another event it should examine
+the &v4l2-buffer; <structfield>timestamp</structfield> of captured
+buffers, or set the field before enqueuing buffers for output.</para>
+
+    <para>Drivers implementing user pointer I/O must
+support the <constant>VIDIOC_REQBUFS</constant>,
+<constant>VIDIOC_QBUF</constant>, <constant>VIDIOC_DQBUF</constant>,
+<constant>VIDIOC_STREAMON</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_STREAMOFF</constant> ioctl, the
+<function>select()</function> and <function>poll()</function> function.<footnote>
+        <para>At the driver level <function>select()</function> and
+<function>poll()</function> are the same, and
+<function>select()</function> is too important to be optional. The
+rest should be evident.</para>
+      </footnote></para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="async">
+    <title>Asynchronous I/O</title>
+
+    <para>This method is not defined yet.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="buffer">
+    <title>Buffers</title>
+
+    <para>A buffer contains data exchanged by application and
+driver using one of the Streaming I/O methods. Only pointers to
+buffers are exchanged, the data itself is not copied. These pointers,
+together with meta-information like timestamps or field parity, are
+stored in a struct <structname>v4l2_buffer</structname>, argument to
+the &VIDIOC-QUERYBUF;, &VIDIOC-QBUF; and &VIDIOC-DQBUF; ioctl.</para>
+
+      <para>Nominally timestamps refer to the first data byte transmitted.
+In practice however the wide range of hardware covered by the V4L2 API
+limits timestamp accuracy. Often an interrupt routine will
+sample the system clock shortly after the field or frame was stored
+completely in memory. So applications must expect a constant
+difference up to one field or frame period plus a small (few scan
+lines) random error. The delay and error can be much
+larger due to compression or transmission over an external bus when
+the frames are not properly stamped by the sender. This is frequently
+the case with USB cameras. Here timestamps refer to the instant the
+field or frame was received by the driver, not the capture time. These
+devices identify by not enumerating any video standards, see <xref
+linkend="standard" />.</para>
+
+      <para>Similar limitations apply to output timestamps. Typically
+the video hardware locks to a clock controlling the video timing, the
+horizontal and vertical synchronization pulses. At some point in the
+line sequence, possibly the vertical blanking, an interrupt routine
+samples the system clock, compares against the timestamp and programs
+the hardware to repeat the previous field or frame, or to display the
+buffer contents.</para>
+
+      <para>Apart of limitations of the video device and natural
+inaccuracies of all clocks, it should be noted system time itself is
+not perfectly stable. It can be affected by power saving cycles,
+warped to insert leap seconds, or even turned back or forth by the
+system administrator affecting long term measurements. <footnote>
+          <para>Since no other Linux multimedia
+API supports unadjusted time it would be foolish to introduce here. We
+must use a universally supported clock to synchronize different media,
+hence time of day.</para>
+        </footnote></para>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-buffer">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_buffer</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="4">
+        &cs-ustr;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>index</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Number of the buffer, set by the application. This
+field is only used for <link linkend="mmap">memory mapping</link> I/O
+and can range from zero to the number of buffers allocated
+with the &VIDIOC-REQBUFS; ioctl (&v4l2-requestbuffers; <structfield>count</structfield>) minus one.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-buf-type;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Type of the buffer, same as &v4l2-format;
+<structfield>type</structfield> or &v4l2-requestbuffers;
+<structfield>type</structfield>, set by the application.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>bytesused</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>The number of bytes occupied by the data in the
+buffer. It depends on the negotiated data format and may change with
+each buffer for compressed variable size data like JPEG images.
+Drivers must set this field when <structfield>type</structfield>
+refers to an input stream, applications when an output stream.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>flags</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Flags set by the application or driver, see <xref
+linkend="buffer-flags" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-field;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>field</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Indicates the field order of the image in the
+buffer, see <xref linkend="v4l2-field" />. This field is not used when
+the buffer contains VBI data. Drivers must set it when
+<structfield>type</structfield> refers to an input stream,
+applications when an output stream.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>struct timeval</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>timestamp</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry><para>For input streams this is the
+system time (as returned by the <function>gettimeofday()</function>
+function) when the first data byte was captured. For output streams
+the data will not be displayed before this time, secondary to the
+nominal frame rate determined by the current video standard in
+enqueued order. Applications can for example zero this field to
+display frames as soon as possible. The driver stores the time at
+which the first data byte was actually sent out in the
+<structfield>timestamp</structfield> field. This permits
+applications to monitor the drift between the video and system
+clock.</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-timecode;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>timecode</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>When <structfield>type</structfield> is
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant> and the
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_TIMECODE</constant> flag is set in
+<structfield>flags</structfield>, this structure contains a frame
+timecode. In <link linkend="v4l2-field">V4L2_FIELD_ALTERNATE</link>
+mode the top and bottom field contain the same timecode.
+Timecodes are intended to help video editing and are typically recorded on
+video tapes, but also embedded in compressed formats like MPEG. This
+field is independent of the <structfield>timestamp</structfield> and
+<structfield>sequence</structfield> fields.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>sequence</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Set by the driver, counting the frames in the
+sequence.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="hspan"><para>In <link
+linkend="v4l2-field">V4L2_FIELD_ALTERNATE</link> mode the top and
+bottom field have the same sequence number. The count starts at zero
+and includes dropped or repeated frames. A dropped frame was received
+by an input device but could not be stored due to lack of free buffer
+space. A repeated frame was displayed again by an output device
+because the application did not pass new data in
+time.</para><para>Note this may count the frames received
+e.g. over USB, without taking into account the frames dropped by the
+remote hardware due to limited compression throughput or bus
+bandwidth. These devices identify by not enumerating any video
+standards, see <xref linkend="standard" />.</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-memory;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>memory</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>This field must be set by applications and/or drivers
+in accordance with the selected I/O method.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>union</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>m</structfield></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>offset</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>When <structfield>memory</structfield> is
+<constant>V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP</constant> this is the offset of the buffer
+from the start of the device memory. The value is returned by the
+driver and apart of serving as parameter to the &func-mmap; function
+not useful for applications. See <xref linkend="mmap" /> for details.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>unsigned long</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>userptr</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>When <structfield>memory</structfield> is
+<constant>V4L2_MEMORY_USERPTR</constant> this is a pointer to the
+buffer (casted to unsigned long type) in virtual memory, set by the
+application. See <xref linkend="userp" /> for details.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>length</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Size of the buffer (not the payload) in bytes.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>input</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Some video capture drivers support rapid and
+synchronous video input changes, a function useful for example in
+video surveillance applications. For this purpose applications set the
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_INPUT</constant> flag, and this field to the
+number of a video input as in &v4l2-input; field
+<structfield>index</structfield>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>A place holder for future extensions and custom
+(driver defined) buffer types
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_PRIVATE</constant> and higher.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-buf-type">
+      <title>enum v4l2_buf_type</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>Buffer of a video capture stream, see <xref
+                linkend="capture" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT</constant></entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>Buffer of a video output stream, see <xref
+                linkend="output" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OVERLAY</constant></entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>Buffer for video overlay, see <xref linkend="overlay" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_CAPTURE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>Buffer of a raw VBI capture stream, see <xref
+                linkend="raw-vbi" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_OUTPUT</constant></entry>
+            <entry>5</entry>
+            <entry>Buffer of a raw VBI output stream, see <xref
+                linkend="raw-vbi" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_CAPTURE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>Buffer of a sliced VBI capture stream, see <xref
+                linkend="sliced" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_OUTPUT</constant></entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>Buffer of a sliced VBI output stream, see <xref
+                linkend="sliced" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT_OVERLAY</constant></entry>
+            <entry>8</entry>
+            <entry>Buffer for video output overlay (OSD), see <xref
+                linkend="osd" />. Status: <link
+linkend="experimental">Experimental</link>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_PRIVATE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x80</entry>
+          <entry>This and higher values are reserved for custom
+(driver defined) buffer types.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="buffer-flags">
+      <title>Buffer Flags</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_MAPPED</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0001</entry>
+            <entry>The buffer resides in device memory and has been mapped
+into the application's address space, see <xref linkend="mmap" /> for details.
+Drivers set or clear this flag when the
+<link linkend="vidioc-querybuf">VIDIOC_QUERYBUF</link>, <link
+          linkend="vidioc-qbuf">VIDIOC_QBUF</link> or <link
+          linkend="vidioc-qbuf">VIDIOC_DQBUF</link> ioctl is called. Set by the driver.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_QUEUED</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0002</entry>
+          <entry>Internally drivers maintain two buffer queues, an
+incoming and outgoing queue. When this flag is set, the buffer is
+currently on the incoming queue. It automatically moves to the
+outgoing queue after the buffer has been filled (capture devices) or
+displayed (output devices). Drivers set or clear this flag when the
+<constant>VIDIOC_QUERYBUF</constant> ioctl is called. After
+(successful) calling the <constant>VIDIOC_QBUF </constant>ioctl it is
+always set and after <constant>VIDIOC_DQBUF</constant> always
+cleared.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_DONE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0004</entry>
+            <entry>When this flag is set, the buffer is currently on
+the outgoing queue, ready to be dequeued from the driver. Drivers set
+or clear this flag when the <constant>VIDIOC_QUERYBUF</constant> ioctl
+is called. After calling the <constant>VIDIOC_QBUF</constant> or
+<constant>VIDIOC_DQBUF</constant> it is always cleared. Of course a
+buffer cannot be on both queues at the same time, the
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_QUEUED</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_DONE</constant> flag are mutually exclusive.
+They can be both cleared however, then the buffer is in "dequeued"
+state, in the application domain to say so.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_KEYFRAME</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0008</entry>
+          <entry>Drivers set or clear this flag when calling the
+<constant>VIDIOC_DQBUF</constant> ioctl. It may be set by video
+capture devices when the buffer contains a compressed image which is a
+key frame (or field), &ie; can be decompressed on its own.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_PFRAME</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0010</entry>
+            <entry>Similar to <constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_KEYFRAME</constant>
+this flags predicted frames or fields which contain only differences to a
+previous key frame.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_BFRAME</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0020</entry>
+            <entry>Similar to <constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_PFRAME</constant>
+        this is a bidirectional predicted frame or field. [ooc tbd]</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_TIMECODE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0100</entry>
+            <entry>The <structfield>timecode</structfield> field is valid.
+Drivers set or clear this flag when the <constant>VIDIOC_DQBUF</constant>
+ioctl is called.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_INPUT</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0200</entry>
+            <entry>The <structfield>input</structfield> field is valid.
+Applications set or clear this flag before calling the
+<constant>VIDIOC_QBUF</constant> ioctl.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-memory">
+      <title>enum v4l2_memory</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP</constant></entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>The buffer is used for <link linkend="mmap">memory
+mapping</link> I/O.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_MEMORY_USERPTR</constant></entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>The buffer is used for <link linkend="userp">user
+pointer</link> I/O.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_MEMORY_OVERLAY</constant></entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>[to do]</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <section>
+      <title>Timecodes</title>
+
+      <para>The <structname>v4l2_timecode</structname> structure is
+designed to hold a <xref linkend="smpte12m" /> or similar timecode.
+(struct <structname>timeval</structname> timestamps are stored in
+&v4l2-buffer; field <structfield>timestamp</structfield>.)</para>
+
+      <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-timecode">
+        <title>struct <structname>v4l2_timecode</structname></title>
+        <tgroup cols="3">
+          &cs-str;
+          <tbody valign="top">
+            <row>
+              <entry>__u32</entry>
+              <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+              <entry>Frame rate the timecodes are based on, see <xref
+                  linkend="timecode-type" />.</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry>__u32</entry>
+              <entry><structfield>flags</structfield></entry>
+              <entry>Timecode flags, see <xref linkend="timecode-flags" />.</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry>__u8</entry>
+              <entry><structfield>frames</structfield></entry>
+              <entry>Frame count, 0 ... 23/24/29/49/59, depending on the
+            type of timecode.</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry>__u8</entry>
+              <entry><structfield>seconds</structfield></entry>
+              <entry>Seconds count, 0 ... 59. This is a binary, not BCD number.</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry>__u8</entry>
+              <entry><structfield>minutes</structfield></entry>
+              <entry>Minutes count, 0 ... 59. This is a binary, not BCD number.</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry>__u8</entry>
+              <entry><structfield>hours</structfield></entry>
+              <entry>Hours count, 0 ... 29. This is a binary, not BCD number.</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry>__u8</entry>
+              <entry><structfield>userbits</structfield>[4]</entry>
+              <entry>The "user group" bits from the timecode.</entry>
+            </row>
+          </tbody>
+        </tgroup>
+      </table>
+
+      <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="timecode-type">
+        <title>Timecode Types</title>
+        <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+          <tbody valign="top">
+            <row>
+              <entry><constant>V4L2_TC_TYPE_24FPS</constant></entry>
+              <entry>1</entry>
+              <entry>24 frames per second, i.&nbsp;e. film.</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry><constant>V4L2_TC_TYPE_25FPS</constant></entry>
+              <entry>2</entry>
+              <entry>25 frames per second, &ie; PAL or SECAM video.</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry><constant>V4L2_TC_TYPE_30FPS</constant></entry>
+              <entry>3</entry>
+              <entry>30 frames per second, &ie; NTSC video.</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry><constant>V4L2_TC_TYPE_50FPS</constant></entry>
+              <entry>4</entry>
+              <entry></entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry><constant>V4L2_TC_TYPE_60FPS</constant></entry>
+              <entry>5</entry>
+              <entry></entry>
+            </row>
+          </tbody>
+        </tgroup>
+      </table>
+
+      <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="timecode-flags">
+        <title>Timecode Flags</title>
+        <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+          <tbody valign="top">
+            <row>
+              <entry><constant>V4L2_TC_FLAG_DROPFRAME</constant></entry>
+              <entry>0x0001</entry>
+              <entry>Indicates "drop frame" semantics for counting frames
+in 29.97 fps material. When set, frame numbers 0 and 1 at the start of
+each minute, except minutes 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 are omitted from the
+count.</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry><constant>V4L2_TC_FLAG_COLORFRAME</constant></entry>
+              <entry>0x0002</entry>
+              <entry>The "color frame" flag.</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry><constant>V4L2_TC_USERBITS_field</constant></entry>
+              <entry>0x000C</entry>
+              <entry>Field mask for the "binary group flags".</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry><constant>V4L2_TC_USERBITS_USERDEFINED</constant></entry>
+              <entry>0x0000</entry>
+              <entry>Unspecified format.</entry>
+            </row>
+            <row>
+              <entry><constant>V4L2_TC_USERBITS_8BITCHARS</constant></entry>
+              <entry>0x0008</entry>
+              <entry>8-bit ISO characters.</entry>
+            </row>
+          </tbody>
+        </tgroup>
+      </table>
+    </section>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="field-order">
+    <title>Field Order</title>
+
+    <para>We have to distinguish between progressive and interlaced
+video. Progressive video transmits all lines of a video image
+sequentially. Interlaced video divides an image into two fields,
+containing only the odd and even lines of the image, respectively.
+Alternating the so called odd and even field are transmitted, and due
+to a small delay between fields a cathode ray TV displays the lines
+interleaved, yielding the original frame. This curious technique was
+invented because at refresh rates similar to film the image would
+fade out too quickly. Transmitting fields reduces the flicker without
+the necessity of doubling the frame rate and with it the bandwidth
+required for each channel.</para>
+
+    <para>It is important to understand a video camera does not expose
+one frame at a time, merely transmitting the frames separated into
+fields. The fields are in fact captured at two different instances in
+time. An object on screen may well move between one field and the
+next. For applications analysing motion it is of paramount importance
+to recognize which field of a frame is older, the <emphasis>temporal
+order</emphasis>.</para>
+
+    <para>When the driver provides or accepts images field by field
+rather than interleaved, it is also important applications understand
+how the fields combine to frames. We distinguish between top and
+bottom fields, the <emphasis>spatial order</emphasis>: The first line
+of the top field is the first line of an interlaced frame, the first
+line of the bottom field is the second line of that frame.</para>
+
+    <para>However because fields were captured one after the other,
+arguing whether a frame commences with the top or bottom field is
+pointless. Any two successive top and bottom, or bottom and top fields
+yield a valid frame. Only when the source was progressive to begin
+with, &eg; when transferring film to video, two fields may come from
+the same frame, creating a natural order.</para>
+
+    <para>Counter to intuition the top field is not necessarily the
+older field. Whether the older field contains the top or bottom lines
+is a convention determined by the video standard. Hence the
+distinction between temporal and spatial order of fields. The diagrams
+below should make this clearer.</para>
+
+    <para>All video capture and output devices must report the current
+field order. Some drivers may permit the selection of a different
+order, to this end applications initialize the
+<structfield>field</structfield> field of &v4l2-pix-format; before
+calling the &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl. If this is not desired it should
+have the value <constant>V4L2_FIELD_ANY</constant> (0).</para>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-field">
+      <title>enum v4l2_field</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FIELD_ANY</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>Applications request this field order when any
+one of the <constant>V4L2_FIELD_NONE</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_TOP</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_BOTTOM</constant>, or
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED</constant> formats is acceptable.
+Drivers choose depending on hardware capabilities or e.&nbsp;g. the
+requested image size, and return the actual field order. &v4l2-buffer;
+<structfield>field</structfield> can never be
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_ANY</constant>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FIELD_NONE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>Images are in progressive format, not interlaced.
+The driver may also indicate this order when it cannot distinguish
+between <constant>V4L2_FIELD_TOP</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_BOTTOM</constant>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FIELD_TOP</constant></entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>Images consist of the top field only.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FIELD_BOTTOM</constant></entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>Images consist of the bottom field only.
+Applications may wish to prevent a device from capturing interlaced
+images because they will have "comb" or "feathering" artefacts around
+moving objects.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED</constant></entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>Images contain both fields, interleaved line by
+line. The temporal order of the fields (whether the top or bottom
+field is first transmitted) depends on the current video standard.
+M/NTSC transmits the bottom field first, all other standards the top
+field first.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FIELD_SEQ_TB</constant></entry>
+            <entry>5</entry>
+            <entry>Images contain both fields, the top field lines
+are stored first in memory, immediately followed by the bottom field
+lines. Fields are always stored in temporal order, the older one first
+in memory. Image sizes refer to the frame, not fields.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FIELD_SEQ_BT</constant></entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>Images contain both fields, the bottom field
+lines are stored first in memory, immediately followed by the top
+field lines. Fields are always stored in temporal order, the older one
+first in memory. Image sizes refer to the frame, not fields.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FIELD_ALTERNATE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>The two fields of a frame are passed in separate
+buffers, in temporal order, &ie; the older one first. To indicate the field
+parity (whether the current field is a top or bottom field) the driver
+or application, depending on data direction, must set &v4l2-buffer;
+<structfield>field</structfield> to
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_TOP</constant> or
+<constant>V4L2_FIELD_BOTTOM</constant>. Any two successive fields pair
+to build a frame. If fields are successive, without any dropped fields
+between them (fields can drop individually), can be determined from
+the &v4l2-buffer; <structfield>sequence</structfield> field. Image
+sizes refer to the frame, not fields. This format cannot be selected
+when using the read/write I/O method.<!-- Where it's indistinguishable
+from V4L2_FIELD_SEQ_*. --></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED_TB</constant></entry>
+            <entry>8</entry>
+            <entry>Images contain both fields, interleaved line by
+line, top field first. The top field is transmitted first.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED_BT</constant></entry>
+            <entry>9</entry>
+            <entry>Images contain both fields, interleaved line by
+line, top field first. The bottom field is transmitted first.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <figure id="fieldseq-tb">
+        <title>Field Order, Top Field First Transmitted</title>
+        <mediaobject>
+          <imageobject>
+            <imagedata fileref="fieldseq_tb.pdf" format="PS" />
+          </imageobject>
+          <imageobject>
+            <imagedata fileref="fieldseq_tb.gif" format="GIF" />
+          </imageobject>
+        </mediaobject>
+    </figure>
+
+    <figure id="fieldseq-bt">
+        <title>Field Order, Bottom Field First Transmitted</title>
+        <mediaobject>
+          <imageobject>
+            <imagedata fileref="fieldseq_bt.pdf" format="PS" />
+          </imageobject>
+          <imageobject>
+            <imagedata fileref="fieldseq_bt.gif" format="GIF" />
+          </imageobject>
+        </mediaobject>
+    </figure>
+  </section>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/keytable.c.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/keytable.c.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..d53254a3be15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/keytable.c.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+<programlisting>
+/* keytable.c - This program allows checking/replacing keys at IR
+
+   Copyright (C) 2006-2009 Mauro Carvalho Chehab &lt;mchehab@infradead.org&gt;
+
+   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation, version 2 of the License.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+ */
+
+#include &lt;ctype.h&gt;
+#include &lt;errno.h&gt;
+#include &lt;fcntl.h&gt;
+#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;
+#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;
+#include &lt;string.h&gt;
+#include &lt;linux/input.h&gt;
+#include &lt;sys/ioctl.h&gt;
+
+#include "parse.h"
+
+void prtcode (int *codes)
+{
+        struct parse_key *p;
+
+        for (p=keynames;p-&gt;name!=NULL;p++) {
+                if (p-&gt;value == (unsigned)codes[1]) {
+                        printf("scancode 0x%04x = %s (0x%02x)\n", codes[0], p-&gt;name, codes[1]);
+                        return;
+                }
+        }
+
+        if (isprint (codes[1]))
+                printf("scancode %d = '%c' (0x%02x)\n", codes[0], codes[1], codes[1]);
+        else
+                printf("scancode %d = 0x%02x\n", codes[0], codes[1]);
+}
+
+int parse_code(char *string)
+{
+        struct parse_key *p;
+
+        for (p=keynames;p-&gt;name!=NULL;p++) {
+                if (!strcasecmp(p-&gt;name, string)) {
+                        return p-&gt;value;
+                }
+        }
+        return -1;
+}
+
+int main (int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+        int fd;
+        unsigned int i, j;
+        int codes[2];
+
+        if (argc&lt;2 || argc&gt;4) {
+                printf ("usage: %s &lt;device&gt; to get table; or\n"
+                        "       %s &lt;device&gt; &lt;scancode&gt; &lt;keycode&gt;\n"
+                        "       %s &lt;device&gt; &lt;keycode_file&gt;\n",*argv,*argv,*argv);
+                return -1;
+        }
+
+        if ((fd = open(argv[1], O_RDONLY)) &lt; 0) {
+                perror("Couldn't open input device");
+                return(-1);
+        }
+
+        if (argc==4) {
+                int value;
+
+                value=parse_code(argv[3]);
+
+                if (value==-1) {
+                        value = strtol(argv[3], NULL, 0);
+                        if (errno)
+                                perror("value");
+                }
+
+                codes [0] = (unsigned) strtol(argv[2], NULL, 0);
+                codes [1] = (unsigned) value;
+
+                if(ioctl(fd, EVIOCSKEYCODE, codes))
+                        perror ("EVIOCSKEYCODE");
+
+                if(ioctl(fd, EVIOCGKEYCODE, codes)==0)
+                        prtcode(codes);
+                return 0;
+        }
+
+        if (argc==3) {
+                FILE *fin;
+                int value;
+                char *scancode, *keycode, s[2048];
+
+                fin=fopen(argv[2],"r");
+                if (fin==NULL) {
+                        perror ("opening keycode file");
+                        return -1;
+                }
+
+                /* Clears old table */
+                for (j = 0; j &lt; 256; j++) {
+                        for (i = 0; i &lt; 256; i++) {
+                                codes[0] = (j &lt;&lt; 8) | i;
+                                codes[1] = KEY_RESERVED;
+                                ioctl(fd, EVIOCSKEYCODE, codes);
+                        }
+                }
+
+                while (fgets(s,sizeof(s),fin)) {
+                        scancode=strtok(s,"\n\t =:");
+                        if (!scancode) {
+                                perror ("parsing input file scancode");
+                                return -1;
+                        }
+                        if (!strcasecmp(scancode, "scancode")) {
+                                scancode = strtok(NULL,"\n\t =:");
+                                if (!scancode) {
+                                        perror ("parsing input file scancode");
+                                        return -1;
+                                }
+                        }
+
+                        keycode=strtok(NULL,"\n\t =:(");
+                        if (!keycode) {
+                                perror ("parsing input file keycode");
+                                return -1;
+                        }
+
+                        // printf ("parsing %s=%s:", scancode, keycode);
+                        value=parse_code(keycode);
+                        // printf ("\tvalue=%d\n",value);
+
+                        if (value==-1) {
+                                value = strtol(keycode, NULL, 0);
+                                if (errno)
+                                        perror("value");
+                        }
+
+                        codes [0] = (unsigned) strtol(scancode, NULL, 0);
+                        codes [1] = (unsigned) value;
+
+                        // printf("\t%04x=%04x\n",codes[0], codes[1]);
+                        if(ioctl(fd, EVIOCSKEYCODE, codes)) {
+                                fprintf(stderr, "Setting scancode 0x%04x with 0x%04x via ",codes[0], codes[1]);
+                                perror ("EVIOCSKEYCODE");
+                        }
+
+                        if(ioctl(fd, EVIOCGKEYCODE, codes)==0)
+                                prtcode(codes);
+                }
+                return 0;
+        }
+
+        /* Get scancode table */
+        for (j = 0; j &lt; 256; j++) {
+                for (i = 0; i &lt; 256; i++) {
+                        codes[0] = (j &lt;&lt; 8) | i;
+                        if (!ioctl(fd, EVIOCGKEYCODE, codes) &amp;&amp; codes[1] != KEY_RESERVED)
+                                prtcode(codes);
+                }
+        }
+        return 0;
+}
+
+</programlisting>
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/libv4l.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/libv4l.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..c14fc3db2a81
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/libv4l.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+<title>Libv4l Userspace Library</title>
+<section id="libv4l-introduction">
+        <title>Introduction</title>
+
+        <para>libv4l is a collection of libraries which adds a thin abstraction
+layer on top of video4linux2 devices. The purpose of this (thin) layer
+is to make it easy for application writers to support a wide variety of
+devices without having to write separate code for different devices in the
+same class.</para>
+<para>An example of using libv4l is provided by
+<link linkend='v4l2grab-example'>v4l2grab</link>.
+</para>
+
+        <para>libv4l consists of 3 different libraries:</para>
+        <section>
+                <title>libv4lconvert</title>
+
+                <para>libv4lconvert is a library that converts several
+different pixelformats found in V4L2 drivers into a few common RGB and
+YUY formats.</para>
+                <para>It currently accepts the following V4L2 driver formats:
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-BGR24"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR24</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-HM12"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_HM12</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-JPEG"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_JPEG</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-MJPEG"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_MJPEG</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-MR97310A"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_MR97310A</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-OV511"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_OV511</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-OV518"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_OV518</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-PAC207"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_PAC207</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-PJPG"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_PJPG</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB24"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB24</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SBGGR8"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR8</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SGBRG8"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG8</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SGRBG8"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG8</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SN9C10X"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SN9C10X</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SN9C20X-I420"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SN9C20X_I420</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SPCA501"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SPCA501</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SPCA505"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SPCA505</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SPCA508"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SPCA508</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SPCA561"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SPCA561</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SQ905C"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SQ905C</constant></link>,
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB8</constant>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-UYVY"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_UYVY</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV420"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV420</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUYV"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YVU420"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420</constant></link>,
+and <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YVYU"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVYU</constant></link>.
+</para>
+                <para>Later on libv4lconvert was expanded to also be able to do
+various video processing functions to improve webcam video quality.
+The video processing is split in to 2 parts: libv4lconvert/control and
+libv4lconvert/processing.</para>
+
+                <para>The control part is used to offer video controls which can
+be used to control the video processing functions made available by
+        libv4lconvert/processing. These controls are stored application wide
+(until reboot) by using a persistent shared memory object.</para>
+
+                <para>libv4lconvert/processing offers the actual video
+processing functionality.</para>
+        </section>
+        <section>
+                <title>libv4l1</title>
+                <para>This library offers functions that can be used to quickly
+make v4l1 applications work with v4l2 devices. These functions work exactly
+like the normal open/close/etc, except that libv4l1 does full emulation of
+the v4l1 api on top of v4l2 drivers, in case of v4l1 drivers it
+will just pass calls through.</para>
+                <para>Since those functions are emulations of the old V4L1 API,
+it shouldn't be used for new applications.</para>
+        </section>
+        <section>
+                <title>libv4l2</title>
+                <para>This library should be used for all modern V4L2
+applications.</para>
+                <para>It provides handles to call V4L2 open/ioctl/close/poll
+methods. Instead of just providing the raw output of the device, it enhances
+the calls in the sense that it will use libv4lconvert to provide more video
+formats and to enhance the image quality.</para>
+                <para>In most cases, libv4l2 just passes the calls directly
+through to the v4l2 driver, intercepting the calls to
+<link linkend='vidioc-g-fmt'><constant>VIDIOC_TRY_FMT</constant></link>,
+<link linkend='vidioc-g-fmt'><constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant></link>
+<link linkend='vidioc-g-fmt'><constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant></link>
+<link linkend='vidioc-enum-framesizes'><constant>VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMESIZES</constant></link>
+and <link linkend='vidioc-enum-frameintervals'><constant>VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMEINTERVALS</constant></link>
+in order to emulate the formats
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-BGR24"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR24</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB24"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB24</constant></link>,
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV420"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV420</constant></link>,
+and <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YVU420"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420</constant></link>,
+if they aren't available in the driver.
+<link linkend='vidioc-enum-fmt'><constant>VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT</constant></link>
+keeps enumerating the hardware supported formats, plus the emulated formats
+offered by libv4l at the end.
+</para>
+                <section id="libv4l-ops">
+                        <title>Libv4l device control functions</title>
+                        <para>The common file operation methods are provided by
+libv4l.</para>
+                        <para>Those functions operate just like glibc
+open/close/dup/ioctl/read/mmap/munmap:</para>
+<itemizedlist><listitem>
+                        <para>int v4l2_open(const char *file, int oflag,
+...) -
+operates like the standard <link linkend='func-open'>open()</link> function.
+</para></listitem><listitem>
+                        <para>int v4l2_close(int fd) -
+operates like the standard <link linkend='func-close'>close()</link> function.
+</para></listitem><listitem>
+                        <para>int v4l2_dup(int fd) -
+operates like the standard dup() function, duplicating a file handler.
+</para></listitem><listitem>
+                        <para>int v4l2_ioctl (int fd, unsigned long int request, ...) -
+operates like the standard <link linkend='func-ioctl'>ioctl()</link> function.
+</para></listitem><listitem>
+                        <para>int v4l2_read (int fd, void* buffer, size_t n) -
+operates like the standard <link linkend='func-read'>read()</link> function.
+</para></listitem><listitem>
+                        <para>void v4l2_mmap(void *start, size_t length, int prot, int flags, int fd, int64_t offset); -
+operates like the standard <link linkend='func-mmap'>mmap()</link> function.
+</para></listitem><listitem>
+                        <para>int v4l2_munmap(void *_start, size_t length); -
+operates like the standard <link linkend='func-munmap'>munmap()</link> function.
+</para></listitem>
+</itemizedlist>
+                        <para>Those functions provide additional control:</para>
+<itemizedlist><listitem>
+                        <para>int v4l2_fd_open(int fd, int v4l2_flags) -
+opens an already opened fd for further use through v4l2lib and possibly
+modify libv4l2's default behavior through the v4l2_flags argument.
+Currently, v4l2_flags can be <constant>V4L2_DISABLE_CONVERSION</constant>,
+to disable format conversion.
+</para></listitem><listitem>
+                        <para>int v4l2_set_control(int fd, int cid, int value) -
+This function takes a value of 0 - 65535, and then scales that range to
+the actual range of the given v4l control id, and then if the cid exists
+and is not locked sets the cid to the scaled value.
+</para></listitem><listitem>
+                        <para>int v4l2_get_control(int fd, int cid) -
+This function returns a value of 0 - 65535, scaled to from the actual range
+of the given v4l control id. when the cid does not exist, could not be
+accessed for some reason, or some error occured 0 is returned.
+</para></listitem>
+</itemizedlist>
+                </section>
+        </section>
+        <section>
+
+                <title>v4l1compat.so wrapper library</title>
+
+                <para>This library intercepts calls to
+open/close/ioctl/mmap/mmunmap operations and redirects them to the libv4l
+counterparts, by using LD_PRELOAD=/usr/lib/v4l1compat.so. It also
+emulates V4L1 calls via V4L2 API.</para>
+                <para>It allows usage of binary legacy applications that
+still don't use libv4l.</para>
+        </section>
+
+</section>
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-grey.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-grey.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..3b72bc6b2de7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-grey.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+    <refentry id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-GREY">
+      <refmeta>
+        <refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_GREY ('GREY')</refentrytitle>
+        &manvol;
+      </refmeta>
+      <refnamediv>
+        <refname><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_GREY</constant></refname>
+        <refpurpose>Grey-scale image</refpurpose>
+      </refnamediv>
+      <refsect1>
+        <title>Description</title>
+
+        <para>This is a grey-scale image. It is really a degenerate
+Y'CbCr format which simply contains no Cb or Cr data.</para>
+
+        <example>
+          <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_GREY</constant> 4 &times; 4
+pixel image</title>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Byte Order.</title>
+            <para>Each cell is one byte.
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="5" align="center">
+                  <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;4:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;12:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+        </example>
+      </refsect1>
+    </refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-nv12.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-nv12.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..873f67035181
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-nv12.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+    <refentry>
+      <refmeta>
+        <refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12 ('NV12'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV21 ('NV21')</refentrytitle>
+        &manvol;
+      </refmeta>
+      <refnamediv>
+        <refname id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-NV12"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12</constant></refname>
+        <refname id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-NV21"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV21</constant></refname>
+        <refpurpose>Formats with &frac12; horizontal and vertical
+chroma resolution, also known as YUV 4:2:0. One luminance and one
+chrominance plane with alternating chroma samples as opposed to
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420</constant></refpurpose>
+      </refnamediv>
+      <refsect1>
+        <title>Description</title>
+
+        <para>These are two-plane versions of the YUV 4:2:0 format.
+The three components are separated into two sub-images or planes. The
+Y plane is first. The Y plane has one byte per pixel. For
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12</constant>, a combined CbCr plane
+immediately follows the Y plane in memory.  The CbCr plane is the same
+width, in bytes, as the Y plane (and of the image), but is half as
+tall in pixels. Each CbCr pair belongs to four pixels. For example,
+Cb<subscript>0</subscript>/Cr<subscript>0</subscript> belongs to
+Y'<subscript>00</subscript>, Y'<subscript>01</subscript>,
+Y'<subscript>10</subscript>, Y'<subscript>11</subscript>.
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV21</constant> is the same except the Cb and
+Cr bytes are swapped, the CrCb plane starts with a Cr byte.</para>
+
+        <para>If the Y plane has pad bytes after each row, then the
+CbCr plane has as many pad bytes after its rows.</para>
+
+        <example>
+          <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12</constant> 4 &times; 4
+pixel image</title>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Byte Order.</title>
+            <para>Each cell is one byte.
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="5" align="center">
+                  <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;4:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;12:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;16:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;20:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Color Sample Location.</title>
+            <para>
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="7" align="center">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry>0</entry><entry></entry><entry>1</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>2</entry><entry></entry><entry>3</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>0</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>1</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>2</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>3</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+        </example>
+      </refsect1>
+    </refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-nv16.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-nv16.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..26094035fc04
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-nv16.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+    <refentry>
+      <refmeta>
+        <refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV16 ('NV16'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV61 ('NV61')</refentrytitle>
+        &manvol;
+      </refmeta>
+      <refnamediv>
+        <refname id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-NV16"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV16</constant></refname>
+        <refname id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-NV61"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV61</constant></refname>
+        <refpurpose>Formats with &frac12; horizontal
+chroma resolution, also known as YUV 4:2:2. One luminance and one
+chrominance plane with alternating chroma samples as opposed to
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420</constant></refpurpose>
+      </refnamediv>
+      <refsect1>
+        <title>Description</title>
+
+        <para>These are two-plane versions of the YUV 4:2:2 format.
+The three components are separated into two sub-images or planes. The
+Y plane is first. The Y plane has one byte per pixel. For
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV16</constant>, a combined CbCr plane
+immediately follows the Y plane in memory.  The CbCr plane is the same
+width and height, in bytes, as the Y plane (and of the image).
+Each CbCr pair belongs to two pixels. For example,
+Cb<subscript>0</subscript>/Cr<subscript>0</subscript> belongs to
+Y'<subscript>00</subscript>, Y'<subscript>01</subscript>.
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV61</constant> is the same except the Cb and
+Cr bytes are swapped, the CrCb plane starts with a Cr byte.</para>
+
+        <para>If the Y plane has pad bytes after each row, then the
+CbCr plane has as many pad bytes after its rows.</para>
+
+        <example>
+          <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV16</constant> 4 &times; 4
+pixel image</title>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Byte Order.</title>
+            <para>Each cell is one byte.
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="5" align="center">
+                  <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;4:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;12:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;16:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;20:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;24:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;28:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Color Sample Location.</title>
+            <para>
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="7" align="center">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry>0</entry><entry></entry><entry>1</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>2</entry><entry></entry><entry>3</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>0</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>1</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>2</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>3</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+        </example>
+      </refsect1>
+    </refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-packed-rgb.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-packed-rgb.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..d2dd697a81d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-packed-rgb.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,862 @@
+<refentry id="packed-rgb">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>Packed RGB formats</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>Packed RGB formats</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Packed RGB formats</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>These formats are designed to match the pixel formats of
+typical PC graphics frame buffers. They occupy 8, 16, 24 or 32 bits
+per pixel. These are all packed-pixel formats, meaning all the data
+for a pixel lie next to each other in memory.</para>
+
+    <para>When one of these formats is used, drivers shall report the
+colorspace <constant>V4L2_COLORSPACE_SRGB</constant>.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="rgb-formats">
+      <title>Packed RGB Image Formats</title>
+      <tgroup cols="37" align="center">
+        <colspec colname="id" align="left" />
+        <colspec colname="fourcc" />
+        <colspec colname="bit" />
+
+        <colspec colnum="4" colname="b07" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="5" colname="b06" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="6" colname="b05" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="7" colname="b04" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="8" colname="b03" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="9" colname="b02" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="10" colname="b01" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="11" colname="b00" align="center" />
+
+        <colspec colnum="13" colname="b17" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="14" colname="b16" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="15" colname="b15" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="16" colname="b14" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="17" colname="b13" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="18" colname="b12" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="19" colname="b11" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="20" colname="b10" align="center" />
+
+        <colspec colnum="22" colname="b27" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="23" colname="b26" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="24" colname="b25" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="25" colname="b24" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="26" colname="b23" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="27" colname="b22" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="28" colname="b21" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="29" colname="b20" align="center" />
+
+        <colspec colnum="31" colname="b37" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="32" colname="b36" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="33" colname="b35" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="34" colname="b34" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="35" colname="b33" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="36" colname="b32" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="37" colname="b31" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="38" colname="b30" align="center" />
+
+        <spanspec namest="b07" nameend="b00" spanname="b0" />
+        <spanspec namest="b17" nameend="b10" spanname="b1" />
+        <spanspec namest="b27" nameend="b20" spanname="b2" />
+        <spanspec namest="b37" nameend="b30" spanname="b3" />
+        <thead>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Identifier</entry>
+            <entry>Code</entry>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry spanname="b0">Byte&nbsp;0 in memory</entry>
+            <entry spanname="b1">Byte&nbsp;1</entry>
+            <entry spanname="b2">Byte&nbsp;2</entry>
+            <entry spanname="b3">Byte&nbsp;3</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>Bit</entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>5</entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>5</entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>5</entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>5</entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+          </row>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB332">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB332</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'RGB1'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB444">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB444</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'R444'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB555">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB555</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'RGBO'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>a</entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB565">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB565</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'RGBP'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB555X">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB555X</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'RGBQ'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>a</entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB565X">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB565X</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'RGBR'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-BGR24">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR24</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'BGR3'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB24">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB24</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'RGB3'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-BGR32">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR32</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'BGR4'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB32">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB32</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'RGB4'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <para>Bit 7 is the most significant bit. The value of a = alpha
+bits is undefined when reading from the driver, ignored when writing
+to the driver, except when alpha blending has been negotiated for a
+<link linkend="overlay">Video Overlay</link> or <link
+linkend="osd">Video Output Overlay</link>.</para>
+
+    <example>
+      <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR24</constant> 4 &times; 4 pixel
+image</title>
+
+      <formalpara>
+        <title>Byte Order.</title>
+        <para>Each cell is one byte.
+              <informaltable frame="none">
+            <tgroup cols="13" align="center">
+              <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+              <tbody valign="top">
+                <row>
+                  <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;12:</entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;24:</entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;36:</entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                </row>
+              </tbody>
+            </tgroup>
+              </informaltable>
+            </para>
+      </formalpara>
+    </example>
+
+    <important>
+      <para>Drivers may interpret these formats differently.</para>
+    </important>
+
+    <para>Some RGB formats above are uncommon and were probably
+defined in error. Drivers may interpret them as in <xref
+        linkend="rgb-formats-corrected" />.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="rgb-formats-corrected">
+      <title>Packed RGB Image Formats (corrected)</title>
+      <tgroup cols="37" align="center">
+        <colspec colname="id" align="left" />
+        <colspec colname="fourcc" />
+        <colspec colname="bit" />
+
+        <colspec colnum="4" colname="b07" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="5" colname="b06" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="6" colname="b05" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="7" colname="b04" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="8" colname="b03" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="9" colname="b02" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="10" colname="b01" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="11" colname="b00" align="center" />
+
+        <colspec colnum="13" colname="b17" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="14" colname="b16" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="15" colname="b15" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="16" colname="b14" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="17" colname="b13" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="18" colname="b12" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="19" colname="b11" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="20" colname="b10" align="center" />
+
+        <colspec colnum="22" colname="b27" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="23" colname="b26" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="24" colname="b25" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="25" colname="b24" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="26" colname="b23" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="27" colname="b22" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="28" colname="b21" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="29" colname="b20" align="center" />
+
+        <colspec colnum="31" colname="b37" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="32" colname="b36" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="33" colname="b35" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="34" colname="b34" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="35" colname="b33" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="36" colname="b32" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="37" colname="b31" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="38" colname="b30" align="center" />
+
+        <spanspec namest="b07" nameend="b00" spanname="b0" />
+        <spanspec namest="b17" nameend="b10" spanname="b1" />
+        <spanspec namest="b27" nameend="b20" spanname="b2" />
+        <spanspec namest="b37" nameend="b30" spanname="b3" />
+        <thead>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Identifier</entry>
+            <entry>Code</entry>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry spanname="b0">Byte&nbsp;0 in memory</entry>
+            <entry spanname="b1">Byte&nbsp;1</entry>
+            <entry spanname="b2">Byte&nbsp;2</entry>
+            <entry spanname="b3">Byte&nbsp;3</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>Bit</entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>5</entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>5</entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>5</entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>5</entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+          </row>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row><!-- id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB332" -->
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB332</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'RGB1'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><!-- id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB444" -->
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB444</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'R444'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><!-- id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB555" -->
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB555</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'RGBO'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>a</entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><!-- id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB565" -->
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB565</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'RGBP'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><!-- id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB555X" -->
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB555X</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'RGBQ'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>a</entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><!-- id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB565X" -->
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB565X</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'RGBR'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><!-- id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-BGR24" -->
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR24</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'BGR3'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><!-- id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB24" -->
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB24</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'RGB3'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><!-- id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-BGR32" -->
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR32</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'BGR4'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row><!-- id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB32" -->
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB32</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'RGB4'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>r<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>g<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>b<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <para>A test utility to determine which RGB formats a driver
+actually supports is available from the LinuxTV v4l-dvb repository.
+See &v4l-dvb; for access instructions.</para>
+
+  </refsect1>
+    </refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-packed-yuv.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-packed-yuv.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..3cab5d0ca75d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-packed-yuv.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,244 @@
+<refentry id="packed-yuv">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>Packed YUV formats</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>Packed YUV formats</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Packed YUV formats</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>Similar to the packed RGB formats these formats store
+the Y, Cb and Cr component of each pixel in one 16 or 32 bit
+word.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none">
+      <title>Packed YUV Image Formats</title>
+      <tgroup cols="37" align="center">
+        <colspec colname="id" align="left" />
+        <colspec colname="fourcc" />
+        <colspec colname="bit" />
+
+        <colspec colnum="4" colname="b07" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="5" colname="b06" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="6" colname="b05" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="7" colname="b04" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="8" colname="b03" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="9" colname="b02" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="10" colname="b01" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="11" colname="b00" align="center" />
+
+        <colspec colnum="13" colname="b17" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="14" colname="b16" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="15" colname="b15" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="16" colname="b14" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="17" colname="b13" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="18" colname="b12" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="19" colname="b11" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="20" colname="b10" align="center" />
+
+        <colspec colnum="22" colname="b27" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="23" colname="b26" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="24" colname="b25" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="25" colname="b24" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="26" colname="b23" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="27" colname="b22" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="28" colname="b21" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="29" colname="b20" align="center" />
+
+        <colspec colnum="31" colname="b37" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="32" colname="b36" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="33" colname="b35" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="34" colname="b34" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="35" colname="b33" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="36" colname="b32" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="37" colname="b31" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="38" colname="b30" align="center" />
+
+        <spanspec namest="b07" nameend="b00" spanname="b0" />
+        <spanspec namest="b17" nameend="b10" spanname="b1" />
+        <spanspec namest="b27" nameend="b20" spanname="b2" />
+        <spanspec namest="b37" nameend="b30" spanname="b3" />
+        <thead>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Identifier</entry>
+            <entry>Code</entry>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry spanname="b0">Byte&nbsp;0 in memory</entry>
+            <entry spanname="b1">Byte&nbsp;1</entry>
+            <entry spanname="b2">Byte&nbsp;2</entry>
+            <entry spanname="b3">Byte&nbsp;3</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>Bit</entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>5</entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>5</entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>5</entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>5</entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+          </row>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV444">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV444</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'Y444'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV555">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV555</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'YUVO'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>a</entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV565">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV565</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'YUVP'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV32">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV32</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'YUV4'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>a<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Y'<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cb<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>Cr<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <para>Bit 7 is the most significant bit. The value of a = alpha
+bits is undefined when reading from the driver, ignored when writing
+to the driver, except when alpha blending has been negotiated for a
+<link linkend="overlay">Video Overlay</link> or <link
+linkend="osd">Video Output Overlay</link>.</para>
+
+  </refsect1>
+    </refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-sbggr16.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-sbggr16.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..519a9efbac10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-sbggr16.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+<refentry id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SBGGR16">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR16 ('BYR2')</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR16</constant></refname>
+    <refpurpose>Bayer RGB format</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>This format is similar to <link
+linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SBGGR8">
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR8</constant></link>, except each pixel has
+a depth of 16 bits. The least significant byte is stored at lower
+memory addresses (little-endian). Note the actual sampling precision
+may be lower than 16 bits, for example 10 bits per pixel with values
+in range 0 to 1023.</para>
+
+    <example>
+      <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR16</constant> 4 &times; 4
+pixel image</title>
+
+      <formalpara>
+        <title>Byte Order.</title>
+        <para>Each cell is one byte.
+          <informaltable frame="none">
+            <tgroup cols="5" align="center">
+              <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+              <tbody valign="top">
+                <row>
+                  <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>00low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>00high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>01low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>01high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>02low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>02high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>03low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>03high</subscript></entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>10low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>10high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>11low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>11high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>12low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>12high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>13low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>13high</subscript></entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;16:</entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>20low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>20high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>21low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>21high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>22low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>B<subscript>22high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>23low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>23high</subscript></entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;24:</entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>30low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>30high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>31low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>31high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>32low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>G<subscript>32high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>33low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>R<subscript>33high</subscript></entry>
+                </row>
+              </tbody>
+            </tgroup>
+          </informaltable>
+        </para>
+      </formalpara>
+    </example>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-sbggr8.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-sbggr8.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..5fe84ecc2ebe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-sbggr8.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+    <refentry id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SBGGR8">
+      <refmeta>
+        <refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR8 ('BA81')</refentrytitle>
+        &manvol;
+      </refmeta>
+      <refnamediv>
+        <refname><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR8</constant></refname>
+        <refpurpose>Bayer RGB format</refpurpose>
+      </refnamediv>
+      <refsect1>
+        <title>Description</title>
+
+        <para>This is commonly the native format of digital cameras,
+reflecting the arrangement of sensors on the CCD device. Only one red,
+green or blue value is given for each pixel. Missing components must
+be interpolated from neighbouring pixels. From left to right the first
+row consists of a blue and green value, the second row of a green and
+red value. This scheme repeats to the right and down for every two
+columns and rows.</para>
+
+        <example>
+          <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR8</constant> 4 &times; 4
+pixel image</title>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Byte Order.</title>
+            <para>Each cell is one byte.
+              <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="5" align="center">
+                  <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                      <entry>B<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>B<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;4:</entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>R<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>R<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
+                      <entry>B<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>B<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;12:</entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>R<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>R<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+              </informaltable>
+            </para>
+          </formalpara>
+        </example>
+      </refsect1>
+    </refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-sgbrg8.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-sgbrg8.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..d67a472b0880
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-sgbrg8.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+    <refentry id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SGBRG8">
+      <refmeta>
+        <refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG8 ('GBRG')</refentrytitle>
+        &manvol;
+      </refmeta>
+      <refnamediv>
+        <refname><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG8</constant></refname>
+        <refpurpose>Bayer RGB format</refpurpose>
+      </refnamediv>
+      <refsect1>
+        <title>Description</title>
+
+        <para>This is commonly the native format of digital cameras,
+reflecting the arrangement of sensors on the CCD device. Only one red,
+green or blue value is given for each pixel. Missing components must
+be interpolated from neighbouring pixels. From left to right the first
+row consists of a green and blue value, the second row of a red and
+green value. This scheme repeats to the right and down for every two
+columns and rows.</para>
+
+        <example>
+          <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG8</constant> 4 &times; 4
+pixel image</title>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Byte Order.</title>
+            <para>Each cell is one byte.
+              <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="5" align="center">
+                  <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>B<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>B<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;4:</entry>
+                      <entry>R<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>R<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>B<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>B<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;12:</entry>
+                      <entry>R<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>R<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+              </informaltable>
+            </para>
+          </formalpara>
+        </example>
+      </refsect1>
+    </refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-sgrbg8.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-sgrbg8.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..0cdf13b8ac1c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-sgrbg8.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+    <refentry id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SGRBG8">
+      <refmeta>
+        <refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG8 ('GRBG')</refentrytitle>
+        &manvol;
+      </refmeta>
+      <refnamediv>
+        <refname><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG8</constant></refname>
+        <refpurpose>Bayer RGB format</refpurpose>
+      </refnamediv>
+      <refsect1>
+        <title>Description</title>
+
+        <para>This is commonly the native format of digital cameras,
+reflecting the arrangement of sensors on the CCD device. Only one red,
+green or blue value is given for each pixel. Missing components must
+be interpolated from neighbouring pixels. From left to right the first
+row consists of a green and blue value, the second row of a red and
+green value. This scheme repeats to the right and down for every two
+columns and rows.</para>
+
+        <example>
+          <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG8</constant> 4 &times;
+4 pixel image</title>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Byte Order.</title>
+            <para>Each cell is one byte.
+              <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="5" align="center">
+                  <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>R<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>R<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;4:</entry>
+                      <entry>R<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>B<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>R<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>B<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>R<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>G<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>R<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;12:</entry>
+                      <entry>R<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>B<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>R<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>B<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+              </informaltable>
+            </para>
+          </formalpara>
+        </example>
+      </refsect1>
+    </refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-uyvy.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-uyvy.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..816c8d467c16
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-uyvy.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+    <refentry id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-UYVY">
+      <refmeta>
+        <refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_UYVY ('UYVY')</refentrytitle>
+        &manvol;
+      </refmeta>
+      <refnamediv>
+        <refname><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_UYVY</constant></refname>
+        <refpurpose>Variation of
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV</constant> with different order of samples
+in memory</refpurpose>
+      </refnamediv>
+      <refsect1>
+        <title>Description</title>
+
+        <para>In this format each four bytes is two pixels. Each four
+bytes is two Y's, a Cb and a Cr. Each Y goes to one of the pixels, and
+the Cb and Cr belong to both pixels. As you can see, the Cr and Cb
+components have half the horizontal resolution of the Y
+component.</para>
+
+        <example>
+          <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_UYVY</constant> 4 &times; 4
+pixel image</title>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Byte Order.</title>
+            <para>Each cell is one byte.
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="9" align="center">
+                  <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;16:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;24:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Color Sample Location.</title>
+            <para>
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="7" align="center">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry>0</entry><entry></entry><entry>1</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>2</entry><entry></entry><entry>3</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>0</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>1</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>2</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>3</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+        </example>
+      </refsect1>
+    </refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-vyuy.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-vyuy.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..61f12a5e68d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-vyuy.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+    <refentry id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-VYUY">
+      <refmeta>
+        <refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_VYUY ('VYUY')</refentrytitle>
+        &manvol;
+      </refmeta>
+      <refnamediv>
+        <refname><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_VYUY</constant></refname>
+        <refpurpose>Variation of
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV</constant> with different order of samples
+in memory</refpurpose>
+      </refnamediv>
+      <refsect1>
+        <title>Description</title>
+
+        <para>In this format each four bytes is two pixels. Each four
+bytes is two Y's, a Cb and a Cr. Each Y goes to one of the pixels, and
+the Cb and Cr belong to both pixels. As you can see, the Cr and Cb
+components have half the horizontal resolution of the Y
+component.</para>
+
+        <example>
+          <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_VYUY</constant> 4 &times; 4
+pixel image</title>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Byte Order.</title>
+            <para>Each cell is one byte.
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="9" align="center">
+                  <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;16:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;24:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Color Sample Location.</title>
+            <para>
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="7" align="center">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry>0</entry><entry></entry><entry>1</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>2</entry><entry></entry><entry>3</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>0</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>1</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>2</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>3</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+        </example>
+      </refsect1>
+    </refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-y16.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-y16.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..d58404015078
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-y16.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+<refentry id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-Y16">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y16 ('Y16 ')</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y16</constant></refname>
+    <refpurpose>Grey-scale image</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>This is a grey-scale image with a depth of 16 bits per
+pixel. The least significant byte is stored at lower memory addresses
+(little-endian). Note the actual sampling precision may be lower than
+16 bits, for example 10 bits per pixel with values in range 0 to
+1023.</para>
+
+    <example>
+      <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y16</constant> 4 &times; 4
+pixel image</title>
+
+      <formalpara>
+        <title>Byte Order.</title>
+        <para>Each cell is one byte.
+          <informaltable frame="none">
+            <tgroup cols="9" align="center">
+              <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+              <tbody valign="top">
+                <row>
+                  <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>00low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>00high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>01low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>01high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>02low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>02high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>03low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>03high</subscript></entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>10low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>10high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>11low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>11high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>12low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>12high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>13low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>13high</subscript></entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;16:</entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>20low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>20high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>21low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>21high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>22low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>22high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>23low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>23high</subscript></entry>
+                </row>
+                <row>
+                  <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;24:</entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>30low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>30high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>31low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>31high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>32low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>32high</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>33low</subscript></entry>
+                  <entry>Y'<subscript>33high</subscript></entry>
+                </row>
+              </tbody>
+            </tgroup>
+          </informaltable>
+        </para>
+      </formalpara>
+    </example>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-y41p.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-y41p.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..73c8536efb05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-y41p.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+    <refentry id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-Y41P">
+      <refmeta>
+        <refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y41P ('Y41P')</refentrytitle>
+        &manvol;
+      </refmeta>
+      <refnamediv>
+        <refname><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y41P</constant></refname>
+        <refpurpose>Format with &frac14; horizontal chroma
+resolution, also known as YUV 4:1:1</refpurpose>
+      </refnamediv>
+      <refsect1>
+        <title>Description</title>
+
+        <para>In this format each 12 bytes is eight pixels. In the
+twelve bytes are two CbCr pairs and eight Y's. The first CbCr pair
+goes with the first four Y's, and the second CbCr pair goes with the
+other four Y's. The Cb and Cr components have one fourth the
+horizontal resolution of the Y component.</para>
+
+        <para>Do not confuse this format with <link
+linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV411P"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV411P</constant></link>.
+Y41P is derived from "YUV 4:1:1 <emphasis>packed</emphasis>", while
+YUV411P stands for "YUV 4:1:1 <emphasis>planar</emphasis>".</para>
+
+        <example>
+          <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y41P</constant> 8 &times; 4
+pixel image</title>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Byte Order</title>
+            <para>Each cell is one byte.
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="13" align="center">
+                  <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>04</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>05</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>06</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>07</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;12:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>14</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>15</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>16</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>17</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;24:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>24</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>25</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>26</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>27</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;36:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>34</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>35</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>36</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>37</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+              </informaltable></para>
+          </formalpara>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Color Sample Location.</title>
+            <para>
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="15" align="center">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry>0</entry><entry></entry><entry>1</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>2</entry><entry></entry><entry>3</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>4</entry><entry></entry><entry>5</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>6</entry><entry></entry><entry>7</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>0</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>1</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>2</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>3</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+        </example>
+      </refsect1>
+    </refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yuv410.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yuv410.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..8eb4a193d770
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yuv410.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+    <refentry>
+      <refmeta>
+        <refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU410 ('YVU9'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV410 ('YUV9')</refentrytitle>
+        &manvol;
+      </refmeta>
+      <refnamediv>
+        <refname id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YVU410"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU410</constant></refname>
+        <refname id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV410"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV410</constant></refname>
+        <refpurpose>Planar formats with &frac14; horizontal and
+vertical chroma resolution, also known as YUV 4:1:0</refpurpose>
+      </refnamediv>
+      <refsect1>
+        <title>Description</title>
+
+        <para>These are planar formats, as opposed to a packed format.
+The three components are separated into three sub-images or planes.
+The Y plane is first. The Y plane has one byte per pixel. For
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU410</constant>, the Cr plane immediately
+follows the Y plane in memory. The Cr plane is &frac14; the width and
+&frac14; the height of the Y plane (and of the image). Each Cr belongs
+to 16 pixels, a four-by-four square of the image. Following the Cr
+plane is the Cb plane, just like the Cr plane.
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV410</constant> is the same, except the Cb
+plane comes first, then the Cr plane.</para>
+
+        <para>If the Y plane has pad bytes after each row, then the Cr
+and Cb planes have &frac14; as many pad bytes after their rows. In
+other words, four Cx rows (including padding) are exactly as long as
+one Y row (including padding).</para>
+
+        <example>
+          <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU410</constant> 4 &times; 4
+pixel image</title>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Byte Order.</title>
+            <para>Each cell is one byte.
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="5" align="center">
+                  <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;4:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;12:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;16:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;17:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Color Sample Location.</title>
+            <para>
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="7" align="center">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry>0</entry><entry></entry><entry>1</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>2</entry><entry></entry><entry>3</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>0</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>1</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry></entry><entry></entry><entry>C</entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry></entry><entry></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>2</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>3</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+        </example>
+      </refsect1>
+    </refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yuv411p.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yuv411p.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..00e0960a9869
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yuv411p.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+    <refentry id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV411P">
+      <refmeta>
+        <refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV411P ('411P')</refentrytitle>
+        &manvol;
+      </refmeta>
+      <refnamediv>
+        <refname><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV411P</constant></refname>
+        <refpurpose>Format with &frac14; horizontal chroma resolution,
+also known as YUV 4:1:1. Planar layout as opposed to
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y41P</constant></refpurpose>
+      </refnamediv>
+      <refsect1>
+        <title>Description</title>
+
+        <para>This format is not commonly used. This is a planar
+format similar to the 4:2:2 planar format except with half as many
+chroma. The three components are separated into three sub-images or
+planes. The Y plane is first. The Y plane has one byte per pixel. The
+Cb plane immediately follows the Y plane in memory. The Cb plane is
+&frac14; the width of the Y plane (and of the image). Each Cb belongs
+to 4 pixels all on the same row. For example,
+Cb<subscript>0</subscript> belongs to Y'<subscript>00</subscript>,
+Y'<subscript>01</subscript>, Y'<subscript>02</subscript> and
+Y'<subscript>03</subscript>. Following the Cb plane is the Cr plane,
+just like the Cb plane.</para>
+
+        <para>If the Y plane has pad bytes after each row, then the Cr
+and Cb planes have &frac14; as many pad bytes after their rows. In
+other words, four C x rows (including padding) is exactly as long as
+one Y row (including padding).</para>
+
+        <example>
+          <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV411P</constant> 4 &times; 4
+pixel image</title>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Byte Order.</title>
+            <para>Each cell is one byte.
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="5" align="center">
+                  <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;4:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;12:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;16:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;17:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;18:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;19:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;20:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;21:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;22:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;23:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Color Sample Location.</title>
+            <para>
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="7" align="center">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry>0</entry><entry></entry><entry>1</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>2</entry><entry></entry><entry>3</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>0</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>1</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>2</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>3</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+        </example>
+      </refsect1>
+    </refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yuv420.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yuv420.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..42d7de5e456d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yuv420.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+    <refentry>
+      <refmeta>
+        <refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420 ('YV12'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV420 ('YU12')</refentrytitle>
+        &manvol;
+     </refmeta>
+      <refnamediv>
+        <refname id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YVU420"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420</constant></refname>
+        <refname id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV420"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV420</constant></refname>
+        <refpurpose>Planar formats with &frac12; horizontal and
+vertical chroma resolution, also known as YUV 4:2:0</refpurpose>
+      </refnamediv>
+      <refsect1>
+        <title>Description</title>
+
+        <para>These are planar formats, as opposed to a packed format.
+The three components are separated into three sub- images or planes.
+The Y plane is first. The Y plane has one byte per pixel. For
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420</constant>, the Cr plane immediately
+follows the Y plane in memory. The Cr plane is half the width and half
+the height of the Y plane (and of the image). Each Cr belongs to four
+pixels, a two-by-two square of the image. For example,
+Cr<subscript>0</subscript> belongs to Y'<subscript>00</subscript>,
+Y'<subscript>01</subscript>, Y'<subscript>10</subscript>, and
+Y'<subscript>11</subscript>. Following the Cr plane is the Cb plane,
+just like the Cr plane. <constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV420</constant> is
+the same except the Cb plane comes first, then the Cr plane.</para>
+
+        <para>If the Y plane has pad bytes after each row, then the Cr
+and Cb planes have half as many pad bytes after their rows. In other
+words, two Cx rows (including padding) is exactly as long as one Y row
+(including padding).</para>
+
+        <example>
+          <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420</constant> 4 &times; 4
+pixel image</title>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Byte Order.</title>
+            <para>Each cell is one byte.
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="5" align="center">
+                  <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;4:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;12:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;16:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;18:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;20:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;22:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Color Sample Location.</title>
+            <para>
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="7" align="center">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry>0</entry><entry></entry><entry>1</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>2</entry><entry></entry><entry>3</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>0</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>1</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>2</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>3</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+        </example>
+      </refsect1>
+    </refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yuv422p.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yuv422p.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..4348bd9f0d01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yuv422p.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+    <refentry id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV422P">
+      <refmeta>
+        <refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV422P ('422P')</refentrytitle>
+        &manvol;
+      </refmeta>
+      <refnamediv>
+        <refname><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV422P</constant></refname>
+        <refpurpose>Format with &frac12; horizontal chroma resolution,
+also known as YUV 4:2:2. Planar layout as opposed to
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV</constant></refpurpose>
+      </refnamediv>
+      <refsect1>
+        <title>Description</title>
+
+        <para>This format is not commonly used. This is a planar
+version of the YUYV format. The three components are separated into
+three sub-images or planes. The Y plane is first. The Y plane has one
+byte per pixel. The Cb plane immediately follows the Y plane in
+memory. The Cb plane is half the width of the Y plane (and of the
+image). Each Cb belongs to two pixels. For example,
+Cb<subscript>0</subscript> belongs to Y'<subscript>00</subscript>,
+Y'<subscript>01</subscript>. Following the Cb plane is the Cr plane,
+just like the Cb plane.</para>
+
+        <para>If the Y plane has pad bytes after each row, then the Cr
+and Cb planes have half as many pad bytes after their rows. In other
+words, two Cx rows (including padding) is exactly as long as one Y row
+(including padding).</para>
+
+        <example>
+          <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV422P</constant> 4 &times; 4
+pixel image</title>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Byte Order.</title>
+            <para>Each cell is one byte.
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="5" align="center">
+                  <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;4:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;12:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;16:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;18:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;20:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;22:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;24:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;26:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;28:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;30:</entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Color Sample Location.</title>
+            <para>
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="7" align="center">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry>0</entry><entry></entry><entry>1</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>2</entry><entry></entry><entry>3</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>0</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>1</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>2</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>3</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+        </example>
+      </refsect1>
+    </refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yuyv.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yuyv.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..bdb2ffacbbcc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yuyv.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+    <refentry id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUYV">
+      <refmeta>
+        <refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV ('YUYV')</refentrytitle>
+        &manvol;
+      </refmeta>
+      <refnamediv>
+        <refname><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV</constant></refname>
+        <refpurpose>Packed format with &frac12; horizontal chroma
+resolution, also known as YUV 4:2:2</refpurpose>
+      </refnamediv>
+      <refsect1>
+        <title>Description</title>
+
+        <para>In this format each four bytes is two pixels. Each four
+bytes is two Y's, a Cb and a Cr. Each Y goes to one of the pixels, and
+the Cb and Cr belong to both pixels. As you can see, the Cr and Cb
+components have half the horizontal resolution of the Y component.
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV </constant> is known in the Windows
+environment as YUY2.</para>
+
+        <example>
+          <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV</constant> 4 &times; 4
+pixel image</title>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Byte Order.</title>
+            <para>Each cell is one byte.
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="9" align="center">
+                  <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;16:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;24:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Color Sample Location.</title>
+            <para>
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="7" align="center">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry>0</entry><entry></entry><entry>1</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>2</entry><entry></entry><entry>3</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>0</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>1</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>2</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>3</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+        </example>
+      </refsect1>
+    </refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yvyu.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yvyu.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..40d17ae39dde
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt-yvyu.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+    <refentry id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YVYU">
+      <refmeta>
+        <refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVYU ('YVYU')</refentrytitle>
+        &manvol;
+      </refmeta>
+      <refnamediv>
+        <refname><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVYU</constant></refname>
+        <refpurpose>Variation of
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV</constant> with different order of samples
+in memory</refpurpose>
+      </refnamediv>
+      <refsect1>
+        <title>Description</title>
+
+        <para>In this format each four bytes is two pixels. Each four
+bytes is two Y's, a Cb and a Cr. Each Y goes to one of the pixels, and
+the Cb and Cr belong to both pixels. As you can see, the Cr and Cb
+components have half the horizontal resolution of the Y
+component.</para>
+
+        <example>
+          <title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVYU</constant> 4 &times; 4
+pixel image</title>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Byte Order.</title>
+            <para>Each cell is one byte.
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="9" align="center">
+                  <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;16:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;24:</entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cr<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Y'<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
+                      <entry>Cb<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+
+          <formalpara>
+            <title>Color Sample Location.</title>
+            <para>
+                <informaltable frame="none">
+                <tgroup cols="7" align="center">
+                  <tbody valign="top">
+                    <row>
+                      <entry></entry>
+                      <entry>0</entry><entry></entry><entry>1</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>2</entry><entry></entry><entry>3</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>0</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>1</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>2</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                    <row>
+                      <entry>3</entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
+                      <entry>Y</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>Y</entry>
+                    </row>
+                  </tbody>
+                </tgroup>
+                </informaltable>
+              </para>
+          </formalpara>
+        </example>
+      </refsect1>
+    </refentry>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..7d396a3785f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/pixfmt.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,801 @@
+  <title>Image Formats</title>
+
+  <para>The V4L2 API was primarily designed for devices exchanging
+image data with applications. The
+<structname>v4l2_pix_format</structname> structure defines the format
+and layout of an image in memory. Image formats are negotiated with
+the &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl. (The explanations here focus on video
+capturing and output, for overlay frame buffer formats see also
+&VIDIOC-G-FBUF;.)</para>
+
+  <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-pix-format">
+    <title>struct <structname>v4l2_pix_format</structname></title>
+    <tgroup cols="3">
+      &cs-str;
+      <tbody valign="top">
+        <row>
+          <entry>__u32</entry>
+          <entry><structfield>width</structfield></entry>
+          <entry>Image width in pixels.</entry>
+        </row>
+        <row>
+          <entry>__u32</entry>
+          <entry><structfield>height</structfield></entry>
+          <entry>Image height in pixels.</entry>
+        </row>
+        <row>
+          <entry spanname="hspan">Applications set these fields to
+request an image size, drivers return the closest possible values. In
+case of planar formats the <structfield>width</structfield> and
+<structfield>height</structfield> applies to the largest plane. To
+avoid ambiguities drivers must return values rounded up to a multiple
+of the scale factor of any smaller planes. For example when the image
+format is YUV 4:2:0, <structfield>width</structfield> and
+<structfield>height</structfield> must be multiples of two.</entry>
+        </row>
+        <row>
+          <entry>__u32</entry>
+          <entry><structfield>pixelformat</structfield></entry>
+          <entry>The pixel format or type of compression, set by the
+application. This is a little endian <link
+linkend="v4l2-fourcc">four character code</link>. V4L2 defines
+standard RGB formats in <xref linkend="rgb-formats" />, YUV formats in <xref
+linkend="yuv-formats" />, and reserved codes in <xref
+linkend="reserved-formats" /></entry>
+        </row>
+        <row>
+          <entry>&v4l2-field;</entry>
+          <entry><structfield>field</structfield></entry>
+          <entry>Video images are typically interlaced. Applications
+can request to capture or output only the top or bottom field, or both
+fields interlaced or sequentially stored in one buffer or alternating
+in separate buffers. Drivers return the actual field order selected.
+For details see <xref linkend="field-order" />.</entry>
+        </row>
+        <row>
+          <entry>__u32</entry>
+          <entry><structfield>bytesperline</structfield></entry>
+          <entry>Distance in bytes between the leftmost pixels in two
+adjacent lines.</entry>
+        </row>
+        <row>
+          <entry spanname="hspan"><para>Both applications and drivers
+can set this field to request padding bytes at the end of each line.
+Drivers however may ignore the value requested by the application,
+returning <structfield>width</structfield> times bytes per pixel or a
+larger value required by the hardware. That implies applications can
+just set this field to zero to get a reasonable
+default.</para><para>Video hardware may access padding bytes,
+therefore they must reside in accessible memory. Consider cases where
+padding bytes after the last line of an image cross a system page
+boundary. Input devices may write padding bytes, the value is
+undefined. Output devices ignore the contents of padding
+bytes.</para><para>When the image format is planar the
+<structfield>bytesperline</structfield> value applies to the largest
+plane and is divided by the same factor as the
+<structfield>width</structfield> field for any smaller planes. For
+example the Cb and Cr planes of a YUV 4:2:0 image have half as many
+padding bytes following each line as the Y plane. To avoid ambiguities
+drivers must return a <structfield>bytesperline</structfield> value
+rounded up to a multiple of the scale factor.</para></entry>
+        </row>
+        <row>
+          <entry>__u32</entry>
+          <entry><structfield>sizeimage</structfield></entry>
+          <entry>Size in bytes of the buffer to hold a complete image,
+set by the driver. Usually this is
+<structfield>bytesperline</structfield> times
+<structfield>height</structfield>. When the image consists of variable
+length compressed data this is the maximum number of bytes required to
+hold an image.</entry>
+        </row>
+        <row>
+          <entry>&v4l2-colorspace;</entry>
+          <entry><structfield>colorspace</structfield></entry>
+          <entry>This information supplements the
+<structfield>pixelformat</structfield> and must be set by the driver,
+see <xref linkend="colorspaces" />.</entry>
+        </row>
+        <row>
+          <entry>__u32</entry>
+          <entry><structfield>priv</structfield></entry>
+          <entry>Reserved for custom (driver defined) additional
+information about formats. When not used drivers and applications must
+set this field to zero.</entry>
+        </row>
+      </tbody>
+    </tgroup>
+  </table>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Standard Image Formats</title>
+
+    <para>In order to exchange images between drivers and
+applications, it is necessary to have standard image data formats
+which both sides will interpret the same way. V4L2 includes several
+such formats, and this section is intended to be an unambiguous
+specification of the standard image data formats in V4L2.</para>
+
+    <para>V4L2 drivers are not limited to these formats, however.
+Driver-specific formats are possible. In that case the application may
+depend on a codec to convert images to one of the standard formats
+when needed. But the data can still be stored and retrieved in the
+proprietary format. For example, a device may support a proprietary
+compressed format. Applications can still capture and save the data in
+the compressed format, saving much disk space, and later use a codec
+to convert the images to the X Windows screen format when the video is
+to be displayed.</para>
+
+    <para>Even so, ultimately, some standard formats are needed, so
+the V4L2 specification would not be complete without well-defined
+standard formats.</para>
+
+    <para>The V4L2 standard formats are mainly uncompressed formats. The
+pixels are always arranged in memory from left to right, and from top
+to bottom. The first byte of data in the image buffer is always for
+the leftmost pixel of the topmost row. Following that is the pixel
+immediately to its right, and so on until the end of the top row of
+pixels. Following the rightmost pixel of the row there may be zero or
+more bytes of padding to guarantee that each row of pixel data has a
+certain alignment. Following the pad bytes, if any, is data for the
+leftmost pixel of the second row from the top, and so on. The last row
+has just as many pad bytes after it as the other rows.</para>
+
+    <para>In V4L2 each format has an identifier which looks like
+<constant>PIX_FMT_XXX</constant>, defined in the <link
+linkend="videodev">videodev.h</link> header file. These identifiers
+represent <link linkend="v4l2-fourcc">four character codes</link>
+which are also listed below, however they are not the same as those
+used in the Windows world.</para>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="colorspaces">
+    <title>Colorspaces</title>
+
+    <para>[intro]</para>
+
+    <!-- See proposal by Billy Biggs, video4linux-list@redhat.com
+on 11 Oct 2002, subject: "Re: [V4L] Re: v4l2 api", and
+http://vektor.theorem.ca/graphics/ycbcr/ and
+http://www.poynton.com/notes/colour_and_gamma/ColorFAQ.html -->
+
+    <para>
+      <variablelist>
+        <varlistentry>
+          <term>Gamma Correction</term>
+          <listitem>
+            <para>[to do]</para>
+            <para>E'<subscript>R</subscript> = f(R)</para>
+            <para>E'<subscript>G</subscript> = f(G)</para>
+            <para>E'<subscript>B</subscript> = f(B)</para>
+          </listitem>
+        </varlistentry>
+        <varlistentry>
+          <term>Construction of luminance and color-difference
+signals</term>
+          <listitem>
+            <para>[to do]</para>
+            <para>E'<subscript>Y</subscript> =
+Coeff<subscript>R</subscript> E'<subscript>R</subscript>
++ Coeff<subscript>G</subscript> E'<subscript>G</subscript>
++ Coeff<subscript>B</subscript> E'<subscript>B</subscript></para>
+            <para>(E'<subscript>R</subscript> - E'<subscript>Y</subscript>) = E'<subscript>R</subscript>
+- Coeff<subscript>R</subscript> E'<subscript>R</subscript>
+- Coeff<subscript>G</subscript> E'<subscript>G</subscript>
+- Coeff<subscript>B</subscript> E'<subscript>B</subscript></para>
+            <para>(E'<subscript>B</subscript> - E'<subscript>Y</subscript>) = E'<subscript>B</subscript>
+- Coeff<subscript>R</subscript> E'<subscript>R</subscript>
+- Coeff<subscript>G</subscript> E'<subscript>G</subscript>
+- Coeff<subscript>B</subscript> E'<subscript>B</subscript></para>
+          </listitem>
+        </varlistentry>
+        <varlistentry>
+          <term>Re-normalized color-difference signals</term>
+          <listitem>
+            <para>The color-difference signals are scaled back to unity
+range [-0.5;+0.5]:</para>
+            <para>K<subscript>B</subscript> = 0.5 / (1 - Coeff<subscript>B</subscript>)</para>
+            <para>K<subscript>R</subscript> = 0.5 / (1 - Coeff<subscript>R</subscript>)</para>
+            <para>P<subscript>B</subscript> =
+K<subscript>B</subscript> (E'<subscript>B</subscript> - E'<subscript>Y</subscript>) =
+  0.5 (Coeff<subscript>R</subscript> / Coeff<subscript>B</subscript>) E'<subscript>R</subscript>
++ 0.5 (Coeff<subscript>G</subscript> / Coeff<subscript>B</subscript>) E'<subscript>G</subscript>
++ 0.5 E'<subscript>B</subscript></para>
+            <para>P<subscript>R</subscript> =
+K<subscript>R</subscript> (E'<subscript>R</subscript> - E'<subscript>Y</subscript>) =
+  0.5 E'<subscript>R</subscript>
++ 0.5 (Coeff<subscript>G</subscript> / Coeff<subscript>R</subscript>) E'<subscript>G</subscript>
++ 0.5 (Coeff<subscript>B</subscript> / Coeff<subscript>R</subscript>) E'<subscript>B</subscript></para>
+          </listitem>
+        </varlistentry>
+        <varlistentry>
+          <term>Quantization</term>
+          <listitem>
+            <para>[to do]</para>
+            <para>Y' = (Lum. Levels - 1) &middot; E'<subscript>Y</subscript> + Lum. Offset</para>
+            <para>C<subscript>B</subscript> = (Chrom. Levels - 1)
+&middot; P<subscript>B</subscript> + Chrom. Offset</para>
+            <para>C<subscript>R</subscript> = (Chrom. Levels - 1)
+&middot; P<subscript>R</subscript> + Chrom. Offset</para>
+            <para>Rounding to the nearest integer and clamping to the range
+[0;255] finally yields the digital color components Y'CbCr
+stored in YUV images.</para>
+          </listitem>
+        </varlistentry>
+      </variablelist>
+    </para>
+
+    <example>
+      <title>ITU-R Rec. BT.601 color conversion</title>
+
+      <para>Forward Transformation</para>
+
+      <programlisting>
+int ER, EG, EB;         /* gamma corrected RGB input [0;255] */
+int Y1, Cb, Cr;         /* output [0;255] */
+
+double r, g, b;         /* temporaries */
+double y1, pb, pr;
+
+int
+clamp (double x)
+{
+        int r = x;      /* round to nearest */
+
+        if (r &lt; 0)         return 0;
+        else if (r &gt; 255)  return 255;
+        else               return r;
+}
+
+r = ER / 255.0;
+g = EG / 255.0;
+b = EB / 255.0;
+
+y1  =  0.299  * r + 0.587 * g + 0.114  * b;
+pb  = -0.169  * r - 0.331 * g + 0.5    * b;
+pr  =  0.5    * r - 0.419 * g - 0.081  * b;
+
+Y1 = clamp (219 * y1 + 16);
+Cb = clamp (224 * pb + 128);
+Cr = clamp (224 * pr + 128);
+
+/* or shorter */
+
+y1 = 0.299 * ER + 0.587 * EG + 0.114 * EB;
+
+Y1 = clamp ( (219 / 255.0)                    *       y1  + 16);
+Cb = clamp (((224 / 255.0) / (2 - 2 * 0.114)) * (EB - y1) + 128);
+Cr = clamp (((224 / 255.0) / (2 - 2 * 0.299)) * (ER - y1) + 128);
+      </programlisting>
+
+      <para>Inverse Transformation</para>
+
+      <programlisting>
+int Y1, Cb, Cr;         /* gamma pre-corrected input [0;255] */
+int ER, EG, EB;         /* output [0;255] */
+
+double r, g, b;         /* temporaries */
+double y1, pb, pr;
+
+int
+clamp (double x)
+{
+        int r = x;      /* round to nearest */
+
+        if (r &lt; 0)         return 0;
+        else if (r &gt; 255)  return 255;
+        else               return r;
+}
+
+y1 = (255 / 219.0) * (Y1 - 16);
+pb = (255 / 224.0) * (Cb - 128);
+pr = (255 / 224.0) * (Cr - 128);
+
+r = 1.0 * y1 + 0     * pb + 1.402 * pr;
+g = 1.0 * y1 - 0.344 * pb - 0.714 * pr;
+b = 1.0 * y1 + 1.772 * pb + 0     * pr;
+
+ER = clamp (r * 255); /* [ok? one should prob. limit y1,pb,pr] */
+EG = clamp (g * 255);
+EB = clamp (b * 255);
+      </programlisting>
+    </example>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" id="v4l2-colorspace" orient="land">
+      <title>enum v4l2_colorspace</title>
+      <tgroup cols="11" align="center">
+        <colspec align="left" />
+        <colspec align="center" />
+        <colspec align="left" />
+        <colspec colname="cr" />
+        <colspec colname="cg" />
+        <colspec colname="cb" />
+        <colspec colname="wp" />
+        <colspec colname="gc" />
+        <colspec colname="lum" />
+        <colspec colname="qy" />
+        <colspec colname="qc" />
+        <spanspec namest="cr" nameend="cb" spanname="chrom" />
+        <spanspec namest="qy" nameend="qc" spanname="quant" />
+        <spanspec namest="lum" nameend="qc" spanname="spam" />
+        <thead>
+          <row>
+            <entry morerows="1">Identifier</entry>
+            <entry morerows="1">Value</entry>
+            <entry morerows="1">Description</entry>
+            <entry spanname="chrom">Chromaticities<footnote>
+                <para>The coordinates of the color primaries are
+given in the CIE system (1931)</para>
+              </footnote></entry>
+            <entry morerows="1">White Point</entry>
+            <entry morerows="1">Gamma Correction</entry>
+            <entry morerows="1">Luminance E'<subscript>Y</subscript></entry>
+            <entry spanname="quant">Quantization</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Red</entry>
+            <entry>Green</entry>
+            <entry>Blue</entry>
+            <entry>Y'</entry>
+            <entry>Cb, Cr</entry>
+          </row>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_COLORSPACE_SMPTE170M</constant></entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>NTSC/PAL according to <xref linkend="smpte170m" />,
+<xref linkend="itu601" /></entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.630, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.340</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.310, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.595</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.155, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.070</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.3127, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.3290,
+            Illuminant D<subscript>65</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>E' = 4.5&nbsp;I&nbsp;for&nbsp;I&nbsp;&le;0.018,
+1.099&nbsp;I<superscript>0.45</superscript>&nbsp;-&nbsp;0.099&nbsp;for&nbsp;0.018&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;I</entry>
+            <entry>0.299&nbsp;E'<subscript>R</subscript>
++&nbsp;0.587&nbsp;E'<subscript>G</subscript>
++&nbsp;0.114&nbsp;E'<subscript>B</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>219&nbsp;E'<subscript>Y</subscript>&nbsp;+&nbsp;16</entry>
+            <entry>224&nbsp;P<subscript>B,R</subscript>&nbsp;+&nbsp;128</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_COLORSPACE_SMPTE240M</constant></entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>1125-Line (US) HDTV, see <xref
+linkend="smpte240m" /></entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.630, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.340</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.310, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.595</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.155, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.070</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.3127, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.3290,
+            Illuminant D<subscript>65</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>E' = 4&nbsp;I&nbsp;for&nbsp;I&nbsp;&le;0.0228,
+1.1115&nbsp;I<superscript>0.45</superscript>&nbsp;-&nbsp;0.1115&nbsp;for&nbsp;0.0228&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;I</entry>
+            <entry>0.212&nbsp;E'<subscript>R</subscript>
++&nbsp;0.701&nbsp;E'<subscript>G</subscript>
++&nbsp;0.087&nbsp;E'<subscript>B</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>219&nbsp;E'<subscript>Y</subscript>&nbsp;+&nbsp;16</entry>
+            <entry>224&nbsp;P<subscript>B,R</subscript>&nbsp;+&nbsp;128</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_COLORSPACE_REC709</constant></entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>HDTV and modern devices, see <xref
+linkend="itu709" /></entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.640, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.330</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.300, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.600</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.150, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.060</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.3127, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.3290,
+            Illuminant D<subscript>65</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>E' = 4.5&nbsp;I&nbsp;for&nbsp;I&nbsp;&le;0.018,
+1.099&nbsp;I<superscript>0.45</superscript>&nbsp;-&nbsp;0.099&nbsp;for&nbsp;0.018&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;I</entry>
+            <entry>0.2125&nbsp;E'<subscript>R</subscript>
++&nbsp;0.7154&nbsp;E'<subscript>G</subscript>
++&nbsp;0.0721&nbsp;E'<subscript>B</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>219&nbsp;E'<subscript>Y</subscript>&nbsp;+&nbsp;16</entry>
+            <entry>224&nbsp;P<subscript>B,R</subscript>&nbsp;+&nbsp;128</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_COLORSPACE_BT878</constant></entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>Broken Bt878 extents<footnote>
+                <para>The ubiquitous Bt878 video capture chip
+quantizes E'<subscript>Y</subscript> to 238 levels, yielding a range
+of Y' = 16 &hellip; 253, unlike Rec. 601 Y' = 16 &hellip;
+235. This is not a typo in the Bt878 documentation, it has been
+implemented in silicon. The chroma extents are unclear.</para>
+              </footnote>, <xref linkend="itu601" /></entry>
+            <entry>?</entry>
+            <entry>?</entry>
+            <entry>?</entry>
+            <entry>?</entry>
+            <entry>?</entry>
+            <entry>0.299&nbsp;E'<subscript>R</subscript>
++&nbsp;0.587&nbsp;E'<subscript>G</subscript>
++&nbsp;0.114&nbsp;E'<subscript>B</subscript></entry>
+            <entry><emphasis>237</emphasis>&nbsp;E'<subscript>Y</subscript>&nbsp;+&nbsp;16</entry>
+            <entry>224&nbsp;P<subscript>B,R</subscript>&nbsp;+&nbsp;128 (probably)</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_COLORSPACE_470_SYSTEM_M</constant></entry>
+            <entry>5</entry>
+            <entry>M/NTSC<footnote>
+                <para>No identifier exists for M/PAL which uses
+the chromaticities of M/NTSC, the remaining parameters are equal to B and
+G/PAL.</para>
+              </footnote> according to <xref linkend="itu470" />, <xref
+                linkend="itu601" /></entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.67, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.33</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.21, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.71</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.14, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.08</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.310, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.316, Illuminant C</entry>
+            <entry>?</entry>
+            <entry>0.299&nbsp;E'<subscript>R</subscript>
++&nbsp;0.587&nbsp;E'<subscript>G</subscript>
++&nbsp;0.114&nbsp;E'<subscript>B</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>219&nbsp;E'<subscript>Y</subscript>&nbsp;+&nbsp;16</entry>
+            <entry>224&nbsp;P<subscript>B,R</subscript>&nbsp;+&nbsp;128</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_COLORSPACE_470_SYSTEM_BG</constant></entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>625-line PAL and SECAM systems according to <xref
+linkend="itu470" />, <xref linkend="itu601" /></entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.64, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.33</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.29, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.60</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.15, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.06</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.313, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.329,
+Illuminant D<subscript>65</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>?</entry>
+            <entry>0.299&nbsp;E'<subscript>R</subscript>
++&nbsp;0.587&nbsp;E'<subscript>G</subscript>
++&nbsp;0.114&nbsp;E'<subscript>B</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>219&nbsp;E'<subscript>Y</subscript>&nbsp;+&nbsp;16</entry>
+            <entry>224&nbsp;P<subscript>B,R</subscript>&nbsp;+&nbsp;128</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_COLORSPACE_JPEG</constant></entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>JPEG Y'CbCr, see <xref linkend="jfif" />, <xref linkend="itu601" /></entry>
+            <entry>?</entry>
+            <entry>?</entry>
+            <entry>?</entry>
+            <entry>?</entry>
+            <entry>?</entry>
+            <entry>0.299&nbsp;E'<subscript>R</subscript>
++&nbsp;0.587&nbsp;E'<subscript>G</subscript>
++&nbsp;0.114&nbsp;E'<subscript>B</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>256&nbsp;E'<subscript>Y</subscript>&nbsp;+&nbsp;16<footnote>
+                <para>Note JFIF quantizes
+Y'P<subscript>B</subscript>P<subscript>R</subscript> in range [0;+1] and
+[-0.5;+0.5] to <emphasis>257</emphasis> levels, however Y'CbCr signals
+are still clamped to [0;255].</para>
+              </footnote></entry>
+            <entry>256&nbsp;P<subscript>B,R</subscript>&nbsp;+&nbsp;128</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_COLORSPACE_SRGB</constant></entry>
+            <entry>8</entry>
+            <entry>[?]</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.640, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.330</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.300, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.600</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.150, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.060</entry>
+            <entry>x&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.3127, y&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.3290,
+            Illuminant D<subscript>65</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>E' = 4.5&nbsp;I&nbsp;for&nbsp;I&nbsp;&le;0.018,
+1.099&nbsp;I<superscript>0.45</superscript>&nbsp;-&nbsp;0.099&nbsp;for&nbsp;0.018&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;I</entry>
+            <entry spanname="spam">n/a</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="pixfmt-indexed">
+    <title>Indexed Format</title>
+
+    <para>In this format each pixel is represented by an 8 bit index
+into a 256 entry ARGB palette. It is intended for <link
+linkend="osd">Video Output Overlays</link> only. There are no ioctls to
+access the palette, this must be done with ioctls of the Linux framebuffer API.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="0" frame="none">
+      <title>Indexed Image Format</title>
+      <tgroup cols="37" align="center">
+        <colspec colname="id" align="left" />
+        <colspec colname="fourcc" />
+        <colspec colname="bit" />
+
+        <colspec colnum="4" colname="b07" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="5" colname="b06" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="6" colname="b05" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="7" colname="b04" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="8" colname="b03" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="9" colname="b02" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="10" colname="b01" align="center" />
+        <colspec colnum="11" colname="b00" align="center" />
+
+        <spanspec namest="b07" nameend="b00" spanname="b0" />
+        <spanspec namest="b17" nameend="b10" spanname="b1" />
+        <spanspec namest="b27" nameend="b20" spanname="b2" />
+        <spanspec namest="b37" nameend="b30" spanname="b3" />
+        <thead>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Identifier</entry>
+            <entry>Code</entry>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry spanname="b0">Byte&nbsp;0</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>&nbsp;</entry>
+            <entry>Bit</entry>
+            <entry>7</entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>5</entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+          </row>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-PAL8">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_PAL8</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'PAL8'</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>i<subscript>7</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>i<subscript>6</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>i<subscript>5</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>i<subscript>4</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>i<subscript>3</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>i<subscript>2</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>i<subscript>1</subscript></entry>
+            <entry>i<subscript>0</subscript></entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="pixfmt-rgb">
+    <title>RGB Formats</title>
+
+    &sub-packed-rgb;
+    &sub-sbggr8;
+    &sub-sgbrg8;
+    &sub-sgrbg8;
+    &sub-sbggr16;
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="yuv-formats">
+    <title>YUV Formats</title>
+
+    <para>YUV is the format native to TV broadcast and composite video
+signals. It separates the brightness information (Y) from the color
+information (U and V or Cb and Cr). The color information consists of
+red and blue <emphasis>color difference</emphasis> signals, this way
+the green component can be reconstructed by subtracting from the
+brightness component. See <xref linkend="colorspaces" /> for conversion
+examples. YUV was chosen because early television would only transmit
+brightness information. To add color in a way compatible with existing
+receivers a new signal carrier was added to transmit the color
+difference signals. Secondary in the YUV format the U and V components
+usually have lower resolution than the Y component. This is an analog
+video compression technique taking advantage of a property of the
+human visual system, being more sensitive to brightness
+information.</para>
+
+    &sub-packed-yuv;
+    &sub-grey;
+    &sub-y16;
+    &sub-yuyv;
+    &sub-uyvy;
+    &sub-yvyu;
+    &sub-vyuy;
+    &sub-y41p;
+    &sub-yuv420;
+    &sub-yuv410;
+    &sub-yuv422p;
+    &sub-yuv411p;
+    &sub-nv12;
+    &sub-nv16;
+  </section>
+
+  <section>
+    <title>Compressed Formats</title>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="compressed-formats">
+      <title>Compressed Image Formats</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3" align="left">
+        &cs-def;
+        <thead>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Identifier</entry>
+            <entry>Code</entry>
+            <entry>Details</entry>
+          </row>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody valign="top">
+         <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-JPEG">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_JPEG</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'JPEG'</entry>
+            <entry>TBD. See also &VIDIOC-G-JPEGCOMP;,
+            &VIDIOC-S-JPEGCOMP;.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-MPEG">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_MPEG</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'MPEG'</entry>
+            <entry>MPEG stream. The actual format is determined by
+extended control <constant>V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_TYPE</constant>, see
+<xref linkend="mpeg-control-id" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </section>
+
+  <section id="pixfmt-reserved">
+    <title>Reserved Format Identifiers</title>
+
+    <para>These formats are not defined by this specification, they
+are just listed for reference and to avoid naming conflicts. If you
+want to register your own format, send an e-mail to the linux-media mailing
+list &v4l-ml; for inclusion in the <filename>videodev2.h</filename>
+file. If you want to share your format with other developers add a
+link to your documentation and send a copy to the linux-media mailing list
+for inclusion in this section. If you think your format should be listed
+in a standard format section please make a proposal on the linux-media mailing
+list.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="reserved-formats">
+      <title>Reserved Image Formats</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3" align="left">
+        &cs-def;
+        <thead>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Identifier</entry>
+            <entry>Code</entry>
+            <entry>Details</entry>
+          </row>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-DV">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_DV</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'dvsd'</entry>
+            <entry>unknown</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-ET61X251">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_ET61X251</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'E625'</entry>
+            <entry>Compressed format of the ET61X251 driver.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-HI240">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_HI240</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'HI24'</entry>
+            <entry><para>8 bit RGB format used by the BTTV driver.</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-HM12">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_HM12</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'HM12'</entry>
+            <entry><para>YUV 4:2:0 format used by the
+IVTV driver, <ulink url="http://www.ivtvdriver.org/">
+http://www.ivtvdriver.org/</ulink></para><para>The format is documented in the
+kernel sources in the file <filename>Documentation/video4linux/cx2341x/README.hm12</filename>
+</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SPCA501">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SPCA501</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'S501'</entry>
+            <entry>YUYV per line used by the gspca driver.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SPCA505">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SPCA505</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'S505'</entry>
+            <entry>YYUV per line used by the gspca driver.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SPCA508">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SPCA508</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'S508'</entry>
+            <entry>YUVY per line used by the gspca driver.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SPCA561">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SPCA561</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'S561'</entry>
+            <entry>Compressed GBRG Bayer format used by the gspca driver.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SGRBG10">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG10</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'DA10'</entry>
+            <entry>10 bit raw Bayer, expanded to 16 bits.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SGRBG10DPCM8">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG10DPCM8</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'DB10'</entry>
+            <entry>10 bit raw Bayer DPCM compressed to 8 bits.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-PAC207">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_PAC207</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'P207'</entry>
+            <entry>Compressed BGGR Bayer format used by the gspca driver.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-MR97310A">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_MR97310A</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'M310'</entry>
+            <entry>Compressed BGGR Bayer format used by the gspca driver.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-OV511">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_OV511</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'O511'</entry>
+            <entry>OV511 JPEG format used by the gspca driver.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-OV518">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_OV518</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'O518'</entry>
+            <entry>OV518 JPEG format used by the gspca driver.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-PJPG">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_PJPG</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'PJPG'</entry>
+            <entry>Pixart 73xx JPEG format used by the gspca driver.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SQ905C">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SQ905C</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'905C'</entry>
+            <entry>Compressed RGGB bayer format used by the gspca driver.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-MJPEG">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_MJPEG</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'MJPG'</entry>
+            <entry>Compressed format used by the Zoran driver</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-PWC1">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_PWC1</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'PWC1'</entry>
+            <entry>Compressed format of the PWC driver.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-PWC2">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_PWC2</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'PWC2'</entry>
+            <entry>Compressed format of the PWC driver.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SN9C10X">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SN9C10X</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'S910'</entry>
+            <entry>Compressed format of the SN9C102 driver.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SN9C20X-I420">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SN9C20X_I420</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'S920'</entry>
+            <entry>YUV 4:2:0 format of the gspca sn9c20x driver.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-WNVA">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_WNVA</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'WNVA'</entry>
+            <entry><para>Used by the Winnov Videum driver, <ulink
+url="http://www.thedirks.org/winnov/">
+http://www.thedirks.org/winnov/</ulink></para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-TM6000">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_TM6000</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'TM60'</entry>
+            <entry><para>Used by Trident tm6000</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YYUV">
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YYUV</constant></entry>
+            <entry>'YYUV'</entry>
+            <entry>unknown</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </section>
+
+  <!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+  -->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/remote_controllers.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/remote_controllers.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..73f5eab091f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/remote_controllers.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+<title>Remote Controllers</title>
+<section id="Remote_controllers_Intro">
+<title>Introduction</title>
+
+<para>Currently, most analog and digital devices have a Infrared input for remote controllers. Each
+manufacturer has their own type of control. It is not rare for the same manufacturer to ship different
+types of controls, depending on the device.</para>
+<para>Unfortunately, for several years, there was no effort to create uniform IR keycodes for
+different devices.  This caused the same IR keyname to be mapped completely differently on
+different IR devices. This resulted that the same IR keyname to be mapped completely different on
+different IR's. Due to that, V4L2 API now specifies a standard for mapping Media keys on IR.</para>
+<para>This standard should be used by both V4L/DVB drivers and userspace applications</para>
+<para>The modules register the remote as keyboard within the linux input layer. This means that the IR key strokes will look like normal keyboard key strokes (if CONFIG_INPUT_KEYBOARD is enabled). Using the event devices (CONFIG_INPUT_EVDEV) it is possible for applications to access the remote via /dev/input/event devices.</para>
+
+<table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="rc_standard_keymap">
+<title>IR default keymapping</title>
+<tgroup cols="3">
+&cs-str;
+<tbody valign="top">
+<row>
+<entry>Key code</entry>
+<entry>Meaning</entry>
+<entry>Key examples on IR</entry>
+</row>
+
+<row><entry><emphasis role="bold">Numeric keys</emphasis></entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_0</constant></entry><entry>Keyboard digit 0</entry><entry>0</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_1</constant></entry><entry>Keyboard digit 1</entry><entry>1</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_2</constant></entry><entry>Keyboard digit 2</entry><entry>2</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_3</constant></entry><entry>Keyboard digit 3</entry><entry>3</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_4</constant></entry><entry>Keyboard digit 4</entry><entry>4</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_5</constant></entry><entry>Keyboard digit 5</entry><entry>5</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_6</constant></entry><entry>Keyboard digit 6</entry><entry>6</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_7</constant></entry><entry>Keyboard digit 7</entry><entry>7</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_8</constant></entry><entry>Keyboard digit 8</entry><entry>8</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_9</constant></entry><entry>Keyboard digit 9</entry><entry>9</entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><emphasis role="bold">Movie play control</emphasis></entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_FORWARD</constant></entry><entry>Instantly advance in time</entry><entry>&gt;&gt; / FORWARD</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_BACK</constant></entry><entry>Instantly go back in time</entry><entry>&lt;&lt;&lt; / BACK</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_FASTFORWARD</constant></entry><entry>Play movie faster</entry><entry>&gt;&gt;&gt; / FORWARD</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_REWIND</constant></entry><entry>Play movie back</entry><entry>REWIND / BACKWARD</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_NEXT</constant></entry><entry>Select next chapter / sub-chapter / interval</entry><entry>NEXT / SKIP</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_PREVIOUS</constant></entry><entry>Select previous chapter / sub-chapter / interval</entry><entry>&lt;&lt; /  PREV / PREVIOUS</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_AGAIN</constant></entry><entry>Repeat the video or a video interval</entry><entry>REPEAT / LOOP / RECALL</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_PAUSE</constant></entry><entry>Pause sroweam</entry><entry>PAUSE / FREEZE</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_PLAY</constant></entry><entry>Play movie at the normal timeshift</entry><entry>NORMAL TIMESHIFT / LIVE / &gt;</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_PLAYPAUSE</constant></entry><entry>Alternate between play and pause</entry><entry>PLAY / PAUSE</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_STOP</constant></entry><entry>Stop sroweam</entry><entry>STOP</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_RECORD</constant></entry><entry>Start/stop recording sroweam</entry><entry>CAPTURE / REC / RECORD/PAUSE</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_CAMERA</constant></entry><entry>Take a picture of the image</entry><entry>CAMERA ICON / CAPTURE / SNAPSHOT</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_SHUFFLE</constant></entry><entry>Enable shuffle mode</entry><entry>SHUFFLE</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_TIME</constant></entry><entry>Activate time shift mode</entry><entry>TIME SHIFT</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_TITLE</constant></entry><entry>Allow changing the chapter</entry><entry>CHAPTER</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_SUBTITLE</constant></entry><entry>Allow changing the subtitle</entry><entry>SUBTITLE</entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><emphasis role="bold">Image control</emphasis></entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_BRIGHTNESSDOWN</constant></entry><entry>Decrease Brightness</entry><entry>BRIGHTNESS DECREASE</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_BRIGHTNESSUP</constant></entry><entry>Increase Brightness</entry><entry>BRIGHTNESS INCREASE</entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_ANGLE</constant></entry><entry>Switch video camera angle (on videos with more than one angle stored)</entry><entry>ANGLE / SWAP</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_EPG</constant></entry><entry>Open the Elecrowonic Play Guide (EPG)</entry><entry>EPG / GUIDE</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_TEXT</constant></entry><entry>Activate/change closed caption mode</entry><entry>CLOSED CAPTION/TELETEXT / DVD TEXT / TELETEXT / TTX</entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><emphasis role="bold">Audio control</emphasis></entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_AUDIO</constant></entry><entry>Change audio source</entry><entry>AUDIO SOURCE / AUDIO / MUSIC</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_MUTE</constant></entry><entry>Mute/unmute audio</entry><entry>MUTE / DEMUTE / UNMUTE</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_VOLUMEDOWN</constant></entry><entry>Decrease volume</entry><entry>VOLUME- / VOLUME DOWN</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_VOLUMEUP</constant></entry><entry>Increase volume</entry><entry>VOLUME+ / VOLUME UP</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_MODE</constant></entry><entry>Change sound mode</entry><entry>MONO/STEREO</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_LANGUAGE</constant></entry><entry>Select Language</entry><entry>1ST / 2ND LANGUAGE / DVD LANG / MTS/SAP / MTS SEL</entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><emphasis role="bold">Channel control</emphasis></entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_CHANNEL</constant></entry><entry>Go to the next favorite channel</entry><entry>ALT / CHANNEL / CH SURFING / SURF / FAV</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_CHANNELDOWN</constant></entry><entry>Decrease channel sequencially</entry><entry>CHANNEL - / CHANNEL DOWN / DOWN</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_CHANNELUP</constant></entry><entry>Increase channel sequencially</entry><entry>CHANNEL + / CHANNEL UP / UP</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_DIGITS</constant></entry><entry>Use more than one digit for channel</entry><entry>PLUS / 100/ 1xx / xxx /  -/--  / Single Double Triple Digit</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_SEARCH</constant></entry><entry>Start channel autoscan</entry><entry>SCAN / AUTOSCAN</entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><emphasis role="bold">Colored keys</emphasis></entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_BLUE</constant></entry><entry>IR Blue key</entry><entry>BLUE</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_GREEN</constant></entry><entry>IR Green Key</entry><entry>GREEN</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_RED</constant></entry><entry>IR Red key</entry><entry>RED</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_YELLOW</constant></entry><entry>IR Yellow key</entry><entry> YELLOW</entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><emphasis role="bold">Media selection</emphasis></entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_CD</constant></entry><entry>Change input source to Compact Disc</entry><entry>CD</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_DVD</constant></entry><entry>Change input to DVD</entry><entry>DVD / DVD MENU</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_EJECTCLOSECD</constant></entry><entry>Open/close the CD/DVD player</entry><entry>-&gt; ) / CLOSE / OPEN</entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_MEDIA</constant></entry><entry>Turn on/off Media application</entry><entry>PC/TV /  TURN ON/OFF APP</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_PC</constant></entry><entry>Selects from TV to PC</entry><entry>PC</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_RADIO</constant></entry><entry>Put into AM/FM radio mode</entry><entry>RADIO / TV/FM / TV/RADIO / FM / FM/RADIO</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_TV</constant></entry><entry>Select tv mode</entry><entry>TV / LIVE TV</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_TV2</constant></entry><entry>Select Cable mode</entry><entry>AIR/CBL</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_VCR</constant></entry><entry>Select VCR mode</entry><entry>VCR MODE / DTR</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_VIDEO</constant></entry><entry>Alternate between input modes</entry><entry>SOURCE / SELECT / DISPLAY / SWITCH INPUTS / VIDEO</entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><emphasis role="bold">Power control</emphasis></entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_POWER</constant></entry><entry>Turn on/off computer</entry><entry>SYSTEM POWER / COMPUTER POWER</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_POWER2</constant></entry><entry>Turn on/off application</entry><entry>TV ON/OFF / POWER</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_SLEEP</constant></entry><entry>Activate sleep timer</entry><entry>SLEEP / SLEEP TIMER</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_SUSPEND</constant></entry><entry>Put computer into suspend mode</entry><entry>STANDBY / SUSPEND</entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><emphasis role="bold">Window control</emphasis></entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_CLEAR</constant></entry><entry>Stop sroweam and return to default input video/audio</entry><entry>CLEAR / RESET / BOSS KEY</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_CYCLEWINDOWS</constant></entry><entry>Minimize windows and move to the next one</entry><entry>ALT-TAB / MINIMIZE / DESKTOP</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_FAVORITES</constant></entry><entry>Open the favorites sroweam window</entry><entry>TV WALL / Favorites</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_MENU</constant></entry><entry>Call application menu</entry><entry>2ND CONTROLS (USA: MENU) / DVD/MENU / SHOW/HIDE CTRL</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_NEW</constant></entry><entry>Open/Close Picture in Picture</entry><entry>PIP</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_OK</constant></entry><entry>Send a confirmation code to application</entry><entry>OK / ENTER / RETURN</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_SCREEN</constant></entry><entry>Select screen aspect ratio</entry><entry>4:3 16:9 SELECT</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_ZOOM</constant></entry><entry>Put device into zoom/full screen mode</entry><entry>ZOOM / FULL SCREEN / ZOOM+ / HIDE PANNEL / SWITCH</entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><emphasis role="bold">Navigation keys</emphasis></entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_ESC</constant></entry><entry>Cancel current operation</entry><entry>CANCEL / BACK</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_HELP</constant></entry><entry>Open a Help window</entry><entry>HELP</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_HOMEPAGE</constant></entry><entry>Navigate to Homepage</entry><entry>HOME</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_INFO</constant></entry><entry>Open On Screen Display</entry><entry>DISPLAY INFORMATION / OSD</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_WWW</constant></entry><entry>Open the default browser</entry><entry>WEB</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_UP</constant></entry><entry>Up key</entry><entry>UP</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_DOWN</constant></entry><entry>Down key</entry><entry>DOWN</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_LEFT</constant></entry><entry>Left key</entry><entry>LEFT</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_RIGHT</constant></entry><entry>Right key</entry><entry>RIGHT</entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><emphasis role="bold">Miscelaneous keys</emphasis></entry></row>
+
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_DOT</constant></entry><entry>Return a dot</entry><entry>.</entry></row>
+<row><entry><constant>KEY_FN</constant></entry><entry>Select a function</entry><entry>FUNCTION</entry></row>
+
+</tbody>
+</tgroup>
+</table>
+
+<para>It should be noticed that, sometimes, there some fundamental missing keys at some cheaper IR's. Due to that, it is recommended to:</para>
+
+<table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="rc_keymap_notes">
+<title>Notes</title>
+<tgroup cols="1">
+&cs-str;
+<tbody valign="top">
+<row>
+<entry>On simpler IR's, without separate channel keys, you need to map UP as <constant>KEY_CHANNELUP</constant></entry>
+</row><row>
+<entry>On simpler IR's, without separate channel keys, you need to map DOWN as <constant>KEY_CHANNELDOWN</constant></entry>
+</row><row>
+<entry>On simpler IR's, without separate volume keys, you need to map LEFT as <constant>KEY_VOLUMEDOWN</constant></entry>
+</row><row>
+<entry>On simpler IR's, without separate volume keys, you need to map RIGHT as <constant>KEY_VOLUMEUP</constant></entry>
+</row>
+</tbody>
+</tgroup>
+</table>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="Remote_controllers_table_change">
+<title>Changing default Remote Controller mappings</title>
+<para>The event interface provides two ioctls to be used against
+the /dev/input/event device, to allow changing the default
+keymapping.</para>
+
+<para>This program demonstrates how to replace the keymap tables.</para>
+&sub-keytable-c;
+</section>
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/v4l2.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/v4l2.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..937b4157a5d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/v4l2.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,479 @@
+ <partinfo>
+    <authorgroup>
+      <author>
+        <firstname>Michael</firstname>
+        <surname>Schimek</surname>
+        <othername role="mi">H</othername>
+        <affiliation>
+          <address>
+            <email>mschimek@gmx.at</email>
+          </address>
+        </affiliation>
+      </author>
+
+      <author>
+        <firstname>Bill</firstname>
+        <surname>Dirks</surname>
+        <!-- Commented until Bill opts in to be spammed.
+        <affiliation>
+          <address>
+            <email>bill@thedirks.org</email>
+          </address>
+        </affiliation> -->
+        <contrib>Original author of the V4L2 API and
+documentation.</contrib>
+      </author>
+
+      <author>
+        <firstname>Hans</firstname>
+        <surname>Verkuil</surname>
+        <contrib>Designed and documented the VIDIOC_LOG_STATUS ioctl,
+the extended control ioctls and major parts of the sliced VBI
+API.</contrib>
+        <affiliation>
+          <address>
+            <email>hverkuil@xs4all.nl</email>
+          </address>
+        </affiliation>
+      </author>
+
+      <author>
+        <firstname>Martin</firstname>
+        <surname>Rubli</surname>
+        <!--
+        <affiliation>
+          <address>
+            <email>martin_rubli@logitech.com</email>
+          </address>
+        </affiliation> -->
+        <contrib>Designed and documented the VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMESIZES
+and VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMEINTERVALS ioctls.</contrib>
+      </author>
+
+      <author>
+        <firstname>Andy</firstname>
+        <surname>Walls</surname>
+        <contrib>Documented the fielded V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_VBI_FMT_IVTV
+MPEG stream embedded, sliced VBI data format in this specification.
+</contrib>
+        <affiliation>
+          <address>
+            <email>awalls@radix.net</email>
+          </address>
+        </affiliation>
+      </author>
+
+      <author>
+        <firstname>Mauro</firstname>
+        <surname>Carvalho Chehab</surname>
+        <contrib>Documented libv4l, designed and added v4l2grab example,
+Remote Controller chapter.</contrib>
+        <affiliation>
+          <address>
+            <email>mchehab@redhat.com</email>
+          </address>
+        </affiliation>
+      </author>
+    </authorgroup>
+
+    <copyright>
+      <year>1999</year>
+      <year>2000</year>
+      <year>2001</year>
+      <year>2002</year>
+      <year>2003</year>
+      <year>2004</year>
+      <year>2005</year>
+      <year>2006</year>
+      <year>2007</year>
+      <year>2008</year>
+      <year>2009</year>
+      <holder>Bill Dirks, Michael H. Schimek, Hans Verkuil, Martin
+Rubli, Andy Walls, Mauro Carvalho Chehab</holder>
+    </copyright>
+    <legalnotice>
+    <para>Except when explicitly stated as GPL, programming examples within
+            this part can be used and distributed without restrictions.</para>
+    </legalnotice>
+    <revhistory>
+      <!-- Put document revisions here, newest first. -->
+      <!-- API revisions (changes and additions of defines, enums,
+structs, ioctls) must be noted in more detail in the history chapter
+(compat.sgml), along with the possible impact on existing drivers and
+applications. -->
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>2.6.32</revnumber>
+        <date>2009-08-31</date>
+        <authorinitials>mcc</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Now, revisions will match the kernel version where
+the V4L2 API changes will be used by the Linux Kernel.
+Also added Remote Controller chapter.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.29</revnumber>
+        <date>2009-08-26</date>
+        <authorinitials>ev</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Added documentation for string controls and for FM Transmitter controls.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.28</revnumber>
+        <date>2009-08-26</date>
+        <authorinitials>gl</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Added V4L2_CID_BAND_STOP_FILTER documentation.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.27</revnumber>
+        <date>2009-08-15</date>
+        <authorinitials>mcc</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Added libv4l and Remote Controller documentation;
+added v4l2grab and keytable application examples.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.26</revnumber>
+        <date>2009-07-23</date>
+        <authorinitials>hv</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Finalized the RDS capture API. Added modulator and RDS encoder
+capabilities. Added support for string controls.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.25</revnumber>
+        <date>2009-01-18</date>
+        <authorinitials>hv</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Added pixel formats VYUY, NV16 and NV61, and changed
+the debug ioctls VIDIOC_DBG_G/S_REGISTER and VIDIOC_DBG_G_CHIP_IDENT.
+Added camera controls V4L2_CID_ZOOM_ABSOLUTE, V4L2_CID_ZOOM_RELATIVE,
+V4L2_CID_ZOOM_CONTINUOUS and V4L2_CID_PRIVACY.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.24</revnumber>
+        <date>2008-03-04</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Added pixel formats Y16 and SBGGR16, new controls
+and a camera controls class. Removed VIDIOC_G/S_MPEGCOMP.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.23</revnumber>
+        <date>2007-08-30</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Fixed a typo in VIDIOC_DBG_G/S_REGISTER.
+Clarified the byte order of packed pixel formats.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.22</revnumber>
+        <date>2007-08-29</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Added the Video Output Overlay interface, new MPEG
+controls, V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED_TB and V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED_BT,
+VIDIOC_DBG_G/S_REGISTER, VIDIOC_(TRY_)ENCODER_CMD,
+VIDIOC_G_CHIP_IDENT, VIDIOC_G_ENC_INDEX, new pixel formats.
+Clarifications in the cropping chapter, about RGB pixel formats, the
+mmap(), poll(), select(), read() and write() functions. Typographical
+fixes.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.21</revnumber>
+        <date>2006-12-19</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Fixed a link in the VIDIOC_G_EXT_CTRLS section.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.20</revnumber>
+        <date>2006-11-24</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Clarified the purpose of the audioset field in
+struct v4l2_input and v4l2_output.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.19</revnumber>
+        <date>2006-10-19</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Documented V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB444.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.18</revnumber>
+        <date>2006-10-18</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Added the description of extended controls by Hans
+Verkuil. Linked V4L2_PIX_FMT_MPEG to V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_TYPE.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.17</revnumber>
+        <date>2006-10-12</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Corrected V4L2_PIX_FMT_HM12 description.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.16</revnumber>
+        <date>2006-10-08</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMESIZES and
+VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMEINTERVALS are now part of the API.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.15</revnumber>
+        <date>2006-09-23</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Cleaned up the bibliography, added BT.653 and
+BT.1119. capture.c/start_capturing() for user pointer I/O did not
+initialize the buffer index. Documented the V4L MPEG and MJPEG
+VID_TYPEs and V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR8. Updated the list of reserved pixel
+formats. See the history chapter for API changes.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.14</revnumber>
+        <date>2006-09-14</date>
+        <authorinitials>mr</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Added VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMESIZES and
+VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMEINTERVALS proposal for frame format enumeration of
+digital devices.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.13</revnumber>
+        <date>2006-04-07</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Corrected the description of struct v4l2_window
+clips. New V4L2_STD_ and V4L2_TUNER_MODE_LANG1_LANG2
+defines.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.12</revnumber>
+        <date>2006-02-03</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Corrected the description of struct
+v4l2_captureparm and v4l2_outputparm.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.11</revnumber>
+        <date>2006-01-27</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Improved the description of struct
+v4l2_tuner.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.10</revnumber>
+        <date>2006-01-10</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>VIDIOC_G_INPUT and VIDIOC_S_PARM
+clarifications.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.9</revnumber>
+        <date>2005-11-27</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Improved the 525 line numbering diagram. Hans
+Verkuil and I rewrote the sliced VBI section. He also contributed a
+VIDIOC_LOG_STATUS page. Fixed VIDIOC_S_STD call in the video standard
+selection example. Various updates.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.8</revnumber>
+        <date>2004-10-04</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Somehow a piece of junk slipped into the capture
+example, removed.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.7</revnumber>
+        <date>2004-09-19</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Fixed video standard selection, control
+enumeration, downscaling and aspect example. Added read and user
+pointer i/o to video capture example.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.6</revnumber>
+        <date>2004-08-01</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>v4l2_buffer changes, added video capture example,
+various corrections.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.5</revnumber>
+        <date>2003-11-05</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Pixel format erratum.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.4</revnumber>
+        <date>2003-09-17</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Corrected source and Makefile to generate a PDF.
+SGML fixes. Added latest API changes. Closed gaps in the history
+chapter.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.3</revnumber>
+        <date>2003-02-05</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Another draft, more corrections.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.2</revnumber>
+        <date>2003-01-15</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>Second draft, with corrections pointed out by Gerd
+Knorr.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+
+      <revision>
+        <revnumber>0.1</revnumber>
+        <date>2002-12-01</date>
+        <authorinitials>mhs</authorinitials>
+        <revremark>First draft, based on documentation by Bill Dirks
+and discussions on the V4L mailing list.</revremark>
+      </revision>
+    </revhistory>
+</partinfo>
+
+<title>Video for Linux Two API Specification</title>
+ <subtitle>Revision 2.6.32</subtitle>
+
+  <chapter id="common">
+    &sub-common;
+  </chapter>
+
+  <chapter id="pixfmt">
+    &sub-pixfmt;
+  </chapter>
+
+  <chapter id="io">
+    &sub-io;
+  </chapter>
+
+  <chapter id="devices">
+    <title>Interfaces</title>
+
+    <section id="capture"> &sub-dev-capture; </section>
+    <section id="overlay"> &sub-dev-overlay; </section>
+    <section id="output"> &sub-dev-output; </section>
+    <section id="osd"> &sub-dev-osd; </section>
+    <section id="codec"> &sub-dev-codec; </section>
+    <section id="effect"> &sub-dev-effect; </section>
+    <section id="raw-vbi"> &sub-dev-raw-vbi; </section>
+    <section id="sliced"> &sub-dev-sliced-vbi; </section>
+    <section id="ttx"> &sub-dev-teletext; </section>
+    <section id="radio"> &sub-dev-radio; </section>
+    <section id="rds"> &sub-dev-rds; </section>
+  </chapter>
+
+  <chapter id="driver">
+          &sub-driver;
+  </chapter>
+
+  <chapter id="libv4l">
+          &sub-libv4l;
+  </chapter>
+
+  <chapter id="compat">
+          &sub-compat;
+  </chapter>
+
+  <appendix id="user-func">
+  <title>Function Reference</title>
+
+    <!-- Keep this alphabetically sorted. -->
+
+    &sub-close;
+    &sub-ioctl;
+    <!-- All ioctls go here. -->
+    &sub-cropcap;
+    &sub-dbg-g-chip-ident;
+    &sub-dbg-g-register;
+    &sub-encoder-cmd;
+    &sub-enumaudio;
+    &sub-enumaudioout;
+    &sub-enum-fmt;
+    &sub-enum-framesizes;
+    &sub-enum-frameintervals;
+    &sub-enuminput;
+    &sub-enumoutput;
+    &sub-enumstd;
+    &sub-g-audio;
+    &sub-g-audioout;
+    &sub-g-crop;
+    &sub-g-ctrl;
+    &sub-g-enc-index;
+    &sub-g-ext-ctrls;
+    &sub-g-fbuf;
+    &sub-g-fmt;
+    &sub-g-frequency;
+    &sub-g-input;
+    &sub-g-jpegcomp;
+    &sub-g-modulator;
+    &sub-g-output;
+    &sub-g-parm;
+    &sub-g-priority;
+    &sub-g-sliced-vbi-cap;
+    &sub-g-std;
+    &sub-g-tuner;
+    &sub-log-status;
+    &sub-overlay;
+    &sub-qbuf;
+    &sub-querybuf;
+    &sub-querycap;
+    &sub-queryctrl;
+    &sub-querystd;
+    &sub-reqbufs;
+    &sub-s-hw-freq-seek;
+    &sub-streamon;
+    <!-- End of ioctls. -->
+    &sub-mmap;
+    &sub-munmap;
+    &sub-open;
+    &sub-poll;
+    &sub-read;
+    &sub-select;
+    &sub-write;
+  </appendix>
+
+  <appendix id="videodev">
+    <title>Video For Linux Two Header File</title>
+    &sub-videodev2-h;
+  </appendix>
+
+  <appendix id="capture-example">
+    <title>Video Capture Example</title>
+    &sub-capture-c;
+  </appendix>
+
+  <appendix id="v4l2grab-example">
+    <title>Video Grabber example using libv4l</title>
+    <para>This program demonstrates how to grab V4L2 images in ppm format by
+using libv4l handlers. The advantage is that this grabber can potentially work
+with any V4L2 driver.</para>
+    &sub-v4l2grab-c;
+  </appendix>
+
+  &sub-media-indices;
+
+  &sub-biblio;
+
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/v4l2grab.c.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/v4l2grab.c.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..bed12e40be27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/v4l2grab.c.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+<programlisting>
+/* V4L2 video picture grabber
+   Copyright (C) 2009 Mauro Carvalho Chehab &lt;mchehab@infradead.org&gt;
+
+   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation version 2 of the License.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+ */
+
+#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;
+#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;
+#include &lt;string.h&gt;
+#include &lt;fcntl.h&gt;
+#include &lt;errno.h&gt;
+#include &lt;sys/ioctl.h&gt;
+#include &lt;sys/types.h&gt;
+#include &lt;sys/time.h&gt;
+#include &lt;sys/mman.h&gt;
+#include &lt;linux/videodev2.h&gt;
+#include "../libv4l/include/libv4l2.h"
+
+#define CLEAR(x) memset(&amp;(x), 0, sizeof(x))
+
+struct buffer {
+        void   *start;
+        size_t length;
+};
+
+static void xioctl(int fh, int request, void *arg)
+{
+        int r;
+
+        do {
+                r = v4l2_ioctl(fh, request, arg);
+        } while (r == -1 &amp;&amp; ((errno == EINTR) || (errno == EAGAIN)));
+
+        if (r == -1) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "error %d, %s\n", errno, strerror(errno));
+                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-format">v4l2_format</link>              fmt;
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-buffer">v4l2_buffer</link>              buf;
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-requestbuffers">v4l2_requestbuffers</link>      req;
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-buf-type">v4l2_buf_type</link>              type;
+        fd_set                          fds;
+        struct timeval                  tv;
+        int                             r, fd = -1;
+        unsigned int                    i, n_buffers;
+        char                            *dev_name = "/dev/video0";
+        char                            out_name[256];
+        FILE                            *fout;
+        struct buffer                   *buffers;
+
+        fd = v4l2_open(dev_name, O_RDWR | O_NONBLOCK, 0);
+        if (fd &lt; 0) {
+                perror("Cannot open device");
+                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+
+        CLEAR(fmt);
+        fmt.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+        fmt.fmt.pix.width       = 640;
+        fmt.fmt.pix.height      = 480;
+        fmt.fmt.pix.pixelformat = V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB24;
+        fmt.fmt.pix.field       = V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED;
+        xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_S_FMT, &amp;fmt);
+        if (fmt.fmt.pix.pixelformat != V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB24) {
+                printf("Libv4l didn't accept RGB24 format. Can't proceed.\n");
+                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+        if ((fmt.fmt.pix.width != 640) || (fmt.fmt.pix.height != 480))
+                printf("Warning: driver is sending image at %dx%d\n",
+                        fmt.fmt.pix.width, fmt.fmt.pix.height);
+
+        CLEAR(req);
+        req.count = 2;
+        req.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+        req.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
+        xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_REQBUFS, &amp;req);
+
+        buffers = calloc(req.count, sizeof(*buffers));
+        for (n_buffers = 0; n_buffers &lt; req.count; ++n_buffers) {
+                CLEAR(buf);
+
+                buf.type        = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+                buf.memory      = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
+                buf.index       = n_buffers;
+
+                xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_QUERYBUF, &amp;buf);
+
+                buffers[n_buffers].length = buf.length;
+                buffers[n_buffers].start = v4l2_mmap(NULL, buf.length,
+                              PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED,
+                              fd, buf.m.offset);
+
+                if (MAP_FAILED == buffers[n_buffers].start) {
+                        perror("mmap");
+                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+                }
+        }
+
+        for (i = 0; i &lt; n_buffers; ++i) {
+                CLEAR(buf);
+                buf.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+                buf.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
+                buf.index = i;
+                xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_QBUF, &amp;buf);
+        }
+        type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+
+        xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_STREAMON, &amp;type);
+        for (i = 0; i &lt; 20; i++) {
+                do {
+                        FD_ZERO(&amp;fds);
+                        FD_SET(fd, &amp;fds);
+
+                        /* Timeout. */
+                        tv.tv_sec = 2;
+                        tv.tv_usec = 0;
+
+                        r = select(fd + 1, &amp;fds, NULL, NULL, &amp;tv);
+                } while ((r == -1 &amp;&amp; (errno = EINTR)));
+                if (r == -1) {
+                        perror("select");
+                        return errno;
+                }
+
+                CLEAR(buf);
+                buf.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+                buf.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
+                xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_DQBUF, &amp;buf);
+
+                sprintf(out_name, "out%03d.ppm", i);
+                fout = fopen(out_name, "w");
+                if (!fout) {
+                        perror("Cannot open image");
+                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+                }
+                fprintf(fout, "P6\n%d %d 255\n",
+                        fmt.fmt.pix.width, fmt.fmt.pix.height);
+                fwrite(buffers[buf.index].start, buf.bytesused, 1, fout);
+                fclose(fout);
+
+                xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_QBUF, &amp;buf);
+        }
+
+        type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
+        xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_STREAMOFF, &amp;type);
+        for (i = 0; i &lt; n_buffers; ++i)
+                v4l2_munmap(buffers[i].start, buffers[i].length);
+        v4l2_close(fd);
+
+        return 0;
+}
+</programlisting>
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_525.gif b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_525.gif
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..5580b690d504
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_525.gif
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_525.pdf b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_525.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..9e72c25b208d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_525.pdf
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_625.gif b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_625.gif
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..34e3251983c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_625.gif
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_625.pdf b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_625.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..765235e33a4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_625.pdf
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_hsync.gif b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_hsync.gif
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b02434d3b356
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_hsync.gif
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_hsync.pdf b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_hsync.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..200b668189bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vbi_hsync.pdf
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/videodev2.h.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/videodev2.h.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..97002060ac4f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/videodev2.h.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,1640 @@
+<programlisting>
+/*
+ *  Video for Linux Two header file
+ *
+ *  Copyright (C) 1999-2007 the contributors
+ *
+ *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ *  (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *  GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *  Alternatively you can redistribute this file under the terms of the
+ *  BSD license as stated below:
+ *
+ *  Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ *  modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ *  are met:
+ *  1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *  2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
+ *     the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+ *     distribution.
+ *  3. The names of its contributors may not be used to endorse or promote
+ *     products derived from this software without specific prior written
+ *     permission.
+ *
+ *  THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ *  "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ *  LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+ *  A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+ *  OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+ *  SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
+ *  TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
+ *  PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
+ *  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
+ *  NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
+ *  SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ *      Header file for v4l or V4L2 drivers and applications
+ * with public API.
+ * All kernel-specific stuff were moved to media/v4l2-dev.h, so
+ * no #if __KERNEL tests are allowed here
+ *
+ *      See http://linuxtv.org for more info
+ *
+ *      Author: Bill Dirks &lt;bill@thedirks.org&gt;
+ *              Justin Schoeman
+ *              Hans Verkuil &lt;hverkuil@xs4all.nl&gt;
+ *              et al.
+ */
+#ifndef __LINUX_VIDEODEV2_H
+#define __LINUX_VIDEODEV2_H
+
+#ifdef __KERNEL__
+#include &lt;linux/time.h&gt;     /* need struct timeval */
+#else
+#include &lt;sys/time.h&gt;
+#endif
+#include &lt;linux/compiler.h&gt;
+#include &lt;linux/ioctl.h&gt;
+#include &lt;linux/types.h&gt;
+
+/*
+ * Common stuff for both V4L1 and V4L2
+ * Moved from videodev.h
+ */
+#define VIDEO_MAX_FRAME               32
+
+#ifndef __KERNEL__
+
+/* These defines are V4L1 specific and should not be used with the V4L2 API!
+   They will be removed from this header in the future. */
+
+#define VID_TYPE_CAPTURE        1       /* Can capture */
+#define VID_TYPE_TUNER          2       /* Can tune */
+#define VID_TYPE_TELETEXT       4       /* Does teletext */
+#define VID_TYPE_OVERLAY        8       /* Overlay onto frame buffer */
+#define VID_TYPE_CHROMAKEY      16      /* Overlay by chromakey */
+#define VID_TYPE_CLIPPING       32      /* Can clip */
+#define VID_TYPE_FRAMERAM       64      /* Uses the frame buffer memory */
+#define VID_TYPE_SCALES         128     /* Scalable */
+#define VID_TYPE_MONOCHROME     256     /* Monochrome only */
+#define VID_TYPE_SUBCAPTURE     512     /* Can capture subareas of the image */
+#define VID_TYPE_MPEG_DECODER   1024    /* Can decode MPEG streams */
+#define VID_TYPE_MPEG_ENCODER   2048    /* Can encode MPEG streams */
+#define VID_TYPE_MJPEG_DECODER  4096    /* Can decode MJPEG streams */
+#define VID_TYPE_MJPEG_ENCODER  8192    /* Can encode MJPEG streams */
+#endif
+
+/*
+ *      M I S C E L L A N E O U S
+ */
+
+/*  Four-character-code (FOURCC) */
+#define v4l2_fourcc(a, b, c, d)\
+        ((__u32)(a) | ((__u32)(b) &lt;&lt; 8) | ((__u32)(c) &lt;&lt; 16) | ((__u32)(d) &lt;&lt; 24))
+
+/*
+ *      E N U M S
+ */
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-field">v4l2_field</link> {
+        V4L2_FIELD_ANY           = 0, /* driver can choose from none,
+                                         top, bottom, interlaced
+                                         depending on whatever it thinks
+                                         is approximate ... */
+        V4L2_FIELD_NONE          = 1, /* this device has no fields ... */
+        V4L2_FIELD_TOP           = 2, /* top field only */
+        V4L2_FIELD_BOTTOM        = 3, /* bottom field only */
+        V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED    = 4, /* both fields interlaced */
+        V4L2_FIELD_SEQ_TB        = 5, /* both fields sequential into one
+                                         buffer, top-bottom order */
+        V4L2_FIELD_SEQ_BT        = 6, /* same as above + bottom-top order */
+        V4L2_FIELD_ALTERNATE     = 7, /* both fields alternating into
+                                         separate buffers */
+        V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED_TB = 8, /* both fields interlaced, top field
+                                         first and the top field is
+                                         transmitted first */
+        V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED_BT = 9, /* both fields interlaced, top field
+                                         first and the bottom field is
+                                         transmitted first */
+};
+#define V4L2_FIELD_HAS_TOP(field)       \
+        ((field) == V4L2_FIELD_TOP      ||\
+         (field) == V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED ||\
+         (field) == V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED_TB ||\
+         (field) == V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED_BT ||\
+         (field) == V4L2_FIELD_SEQ_TB   ||\
+         (field) == V4L2_FIELD_SEQ_BT)
+#define V4L2_FIELD_HAS_BOTTOM(field)    \
+        ((field) == V4L2_FIELD_BOTTOM   ||\
+         (field) == V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED ||\
+         (field) == V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED_TB ||\
+         (field) == V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED_BT ||\
+         (field) == V4L2_FIELD_SEQ_TB   ||\
+         (field) == V4L2_FIELD_SEQ_BT)
+#define V4L2_FIELD_HAS_BOTH(field)      \
+        ((field) == V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED ||\
+         (field) == V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED_TB ||\
+         (field) == V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED_BT ||\
+         (field) == V4L2_FIELD_SEQ_TB ||\
+         (field) == V4L2_FIELD_SEQ_BT)
+
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-buf-type">v4l2_buf_type</link> {
+        V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE        = 1,
+        V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT         = 2,
+        V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OVERLAY        = 3,
+        V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_CAPTURE          = 4,
+        V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_OUTPUT           = 5,
+        V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_CAPTURE   = 6,
+        V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_OUTPUT    = 7,
+#if 1 /*KEEP*/
+        /* Experimental */
+        V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT_OVERLAY = 8,
+#endif
+        V4L2_BUF_TYPE_PRIVATE              = 0x80,
+};
+
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-ctrl-type">v4l2_ctrl_type</link> {
+        V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_INTEGER       = 1,
+        V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_BOOLEAN       = 2,
+        V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_MENU          = 3,
+        V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_BUTTON        = 4,
+        V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_INTEGER64     = 5,
+        V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_CTRL_CLASS    = 6,
+        V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_STRING        = 7,
+};
+
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-tuner-type">v4l2_tuner_type</link> {
+        V4L2_TUNER_RADIO             = 1,
+        V4L2_TUNER_ANALOG_TV         = 2,
+        V4L2_TUNER_DIGITAL_TV        = 3,
+};
+
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-memory">v4l2_memory</link> {
+        V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP             = 1,
+        V4L2_MEMORY_USERPTR          = 2,
+        V4L2_MEMORY_OVERLAY          = 3,
+};
+
+/* see also http://vektor.theorem.ca/graphics/ycbcr/ */
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-colorspace">v4l2_colorspace</link> {
+        /* ITU-R 601 -- broadcast NTSC/PAL */
+        V4L2_COLORSPACE_SMPTE170M     = 1,
+
+        /* 1125-Line (US) HDTV */
+        V4L2_COLORSPACE_SMPTE240M     = 2,
+
+        /* HD and modern captures. */
+        V4L2_COLORSPACE_REC709        = 3,
+
+        /* broken BT878 extents (601, luma range 16-253 instead of 16-235) */
+        V4L2_COLORSPACE_BT878         = 4,
+
+        /* These should be useful.  Assume 601 extents. */
+        V4L2_COLORSPACE_470_SYSTEM_M  = 5,
+        V4L2_COLORSPACE_470_SYSTEM_BG = 6,
+
+        /* I know there will be cameras that send this.  So, this is
+         * unspecified chromaticities and full 0-255 on each of the
+         * Y'CbCr components
+         */
+        V4L2_COLORSPACE_JPEG          = 7,
+
+        /* For RGB colourspaces, this is probably a good start. */
+        V4L2_COLORSPACE_SRGB          = 8,
+};
+
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-priority">v4l2_priority</link> {
+        V4L2_PRIORITY_UNSET       = 0,  /* not initialized */
+        V4L2_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND  = 1,
+        V4L2_PRIORITY_INTERACTIVE = 2,
+        V4L2_PRIORITY_RECORD      = 3,
+        V4L2_PRIORITY_DEFAULT     = V4L2_PRIORITY_INTERACTIVE,
+};
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-rect">v4l2_rect</link> {
+        __s32   left;
+        __s32   top;
+        __s32   width;
+        __s32   height;
+};
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-fract">v4l2_fract</link> {
+        __u32   numerator;
+        __u32   denominator;
+};
+
+/*
+ *      D R I V E R   C A P A B I L I T I E S
+ */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-capability">v4l2_capability</link> {
+        __u8    driver[16];     /* i.e.ie; "bttv" */
+        __u8    card[32];       /* i.e.ie; "Hauppauge WinTV" */
+        __u8    bus_info[32];   /* "PCI:" + pci_name(pci_dev) */
+        __u32   version;        /* should use KERNEL_VERSION() */
+        __u32   capabilities;   /* Device capabilities */
+        __u32   reserved[4];
+};
+
+/* Values for 'capabilities' field */
+#define V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_CAPTURE          0x00000001  /* Is a video capture device */
+#define V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OUTPUT           0x00000002  /* Is a video output device */
+#define V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OVERLAY          0x00000004  /* Can do video overlay */
+#define V4L2_CAP_VBI_CAPTURE            0x00000010  /* Is a raw VBI capture device */
+#define V4L2_CAP_VBI_OUTPUT             0x00000020  /* Is a raw VBI output device */
+#define V4L2_CAP_SLICED_VBI_CAPTURE     0x00000040  /* Is a sliced VBI capture device */
+#define V4L2_CAP_SLICED_VBI_OUTPUT      0x00000080  /* Is a sliced VBI output device */
+#define V4L2_CAP_RDS_CAPTURE            0x00000100  /* RDS data capture */
+#define V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OUTPUT_OVERLAY   0x00000200  /* Can do video output overlay */
+#define V4L2_CAP_HW_FREQ_SEEK           0x00000400  /* Can do hardware frequency seek  */
+#define V4L2_CAP_RDS_OUTPUT             0x00000800  /* Is an RDS encoder */
+
+#define V4L2_CAP_TUNER                  0x00010000  /* has a tuner */
+#define V4L2_CAP_AUDIO                  0x00020000  /* has audio support */
+#define V4L2_CAP_RADIO                  0x00040000  /* is a radio device */
+#define V4L2_CAP_MODULATOR              0x00080000  /* has a modulator */
+
+#define V4L2_CAP_READWRITE              0x01000000  /* read/write systemcalls */
+#define V4L2_CAP_ASYNCIO                0x02000000  /* async I/O */
+#define V4L2_CAP_STREAMING              0x04000000  /* streaming I/O ioctls */
+
+/*
+ *      V I D E O   I M A G E   F O R M A T
+ */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-pix-format">v4l2_pix_format</link> {
+        __u32                   width;
+        __u32                   height;
+        __u32                   pixelformat;
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-field">v4l2_field</link>         field;
+        __u32                   bytesperline;   /* for padding, zero if unused */
+        __u32                   sizeimage;
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-colorspace">v4l2_colorspace</link>    colorspace;
+        __u32                   priv;           /* private data, depends on pixelformat */
+};
+
+/*      Pixel format         FOURCC                          depth  Description  */
+
+/* RGB formats */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB332">V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB332</link>  v4l2_fourcc('R', 'G', 'B', '1') /*  8  RGB-3-3-2     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB444">V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB444</link>  v4l2_fourcc('R', '4', '4', '4') /* 16  xxxxrrrr ggggbbbb */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB555">V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB555</link>  v4l2_fourcc('R', 'G', 'B', 'O') /* 16  RGB-5-5-5     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB565">V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB565</link>  v4l2_fourcc('R', 'G', 'B', 'P') /* 16  RGB-5-6-5     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB555X">V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB555X</link> v4l2_fourcc('R', 'G', 'B', 'Q') /* 16  RGB-5-5-5 BE  */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB565X">V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB565X</link> v4l2_fourcc('R', 'G', 'B', 'R') /* 16  RGB-5-6-5 BE  */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-BGR24">V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR24</link>   v4l2_fourcc('B', 'G', 'R', '3') /* 24  BGR-8-8-8     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB24">V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB24</link>   v4l2_fourcc('R', 'G', 'B', '3') /* 24  RGB-8-8-8     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-BGR32">V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR32</link>   v4l2_fourcc('B', 'G', 'R', '4') /* 32  BGR-8-8-8-8   */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB32">V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB32</link>   v4l2_fourcc('R', 'G', 'B', '4') /* 32  RGB-8-8-8-8   */
+
+/* Grey formats */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-GREY">V4L2_PIX_FMT_GREY</link>    v4l2_fourcc('G', 'R', 'E', 'Y') /*  8  Greyscale     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-Y16">V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y16</link>     v4l2_fourcc('Y', '1', '6', ' ') /* 16  Greyscale     */
+
+/* Palette formats */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-PAL8">V4L2_PIX_FMT_PAL8</link>    v4l2_fourcc('P', 'A', 'L', '8') /*  8  8-bit palette */
+
+/* Luminance+Chrominance formats */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YVU410">V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU410</link>  v4l2_fourcc('Y', 'V', 'U', '9') /*  9  YVU 4:1:0     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YVU420">V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420</link>  v4l2_fourcc('Y', 'V', '1', '2') /* 12  YVU 4:2:0     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUYV">V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV</link>    v4l2_fourcc('Y', 'U', 'Y', 'V') /* 16  YUV 4:2:2     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YYUV">V4L2_PIX_FMT_YYUV</link>    v4l2_fourcc('Y', 'Y', 'U', 'V') /* 16  YUV 4:2:2     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YVYU">V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVYU</link>    v4l2_fourcc('Y', 'V', 'Y', 'U') /* 16 YVU 4:2:2 */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-UYVY">V4L2_PIX_FMT_UYVY</link>    v4l2_fourcc('U', 'Y', 'V', 'Y') /* 16  YUV 4:2:2     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-VYUY">V4L2_PIX_FMT_VYUY</link>    v4l2_fourcc('V', 'Y', 'U', 'Y') /* 16  YUV 4:2:2     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV422P">V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV422P</link> v4l2_fourcc('4', '2', '2', 'P') /* 16  YVU422 planar */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV411P">V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV411P</link> v4l2_fourcc('4', '1', '1', 'P') /* 16  YVU411 planar */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-Y41P">V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y41P</link>    v4l2_fourcc('Y', '4', '1', 'P') /* 12  YUV 4:1:1     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV444">V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV444</link>  v4l2_fourcc('Y', '4', '4', '4') /* 16  xxxxyyyy uuuuvvvv */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV555">V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV555</link>  v4l2_fourcc('Y', 'U', 'V', 'O') /* 16  YUV-5-5-5     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV565">V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV565</link>  v4l2_fourcc('Y', 'U', 'V', 'P') /* 16  YUV-5-6-5     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV32">V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV32</link>   v4l2_fourcc('Y', 'U', 'V', '4') /* 32  YUV-8-8-8-8   */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV410">V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV410</link>  v4l2_fourcc('Y', 'U', 'V', '9') /*  9  YUV 4:1:0     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV420">V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV420</link>  v4l2_fourcc('Y', 'U', '1', '2') /* 12  YUV 4:2:0     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-HI240">V4L2_PIX_FMT_HI240</link>   v4l2_fourcc('H', 'I', '2', '4') /*  8  8-bit color   */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-HM12">V4L2_PIX_FMT_HM12</link>    v4l2_fourcc('H', 'M', '1', '2') /*  8  YUV 4:2:0 16x16 macroblocks */
+
+/* two planes -- one Y, one Cr + Cb interleaved  */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-NV12">V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12</link>    v4l2_fourcc('N', 'V', '1', '2') /* 12  Y/CbCr 4:2:0  */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-NV21">V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV21</link>    v4l2_fourcc('N', 'V', '2', '1') /* 12  Y/CrCb 4:2:0  */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-NV16">V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV16</link>    v4l2_fourcc('N', 'V', '1', '6') /* 16  Y/CbCr 4:2:2  */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-NV61">V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV61</link>    v4l2_fourcc('N', 'V', '6', '1') /* 16  Y/CrCb 4:2:2  */
+
+/* Bayer formats - see http://www.siliconimaging.com/RGB%20Bayer.htm */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SBGGR8">V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR8</link>  v4l2_fourcc('B', 'A', '8', '1') /*  8  BGBG.. GRGR.. */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SGBRG8">V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG8</link>  v4l2_fourcc('G', 'B', 'R', 'G') /*  8  GBGB.. RGRG.. */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SGRBG8">V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG8</link>  v4l2_fourcc('G', 'R', 'B', 'G') /*  8  GRGR.. BGBG.. */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SGRBG10">V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG10</link> v4l2_fourcc('B', 'A', '1', '0') /* 10bit raw bayer */
+        /* 10bit raw bayer DPCM compressed to 8 bits */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SGRBG10DPCM8">V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG10DPCM8</link> v4l2_fourcc('B', 'D', '1', '0')
+        /*
+         * 10bit raw bayer, expanded to 16 bits
+         * xxxxrrrrrrrrrrxxxxgggggggggg xxxxggggggggggxxxxbbbbbbbbbb...
+         */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SBGGR16">V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR16</link> v4l2_fourcc('B', 'Y', 'R', '2') /* 16  BGBG.. GRGR.. */
+
+/* compressed formats */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-MJPEG">V4L2_PIX_FMT_MJPEG</link>    v4l2_fourcc('M', 'J', 'P', 'G') /* Motion-JPEG   */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-JPEG">V4L2_PIX_FMT_JPEG</link>     v4l2_fourcc('J', 'P', 'E', 'G') /* JFIF JPEG     */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-DV">V4L2_PIX_FMT_DV</link>       v4l2_fourcc('d', 'v', 's', 'd') /* 1394          */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-MPEG">V4L2_PIX_FMT_MPEG</link>     v4l2_fourcc('M', 'P', 'E', 'G') /* MPEG-1/2/4    */
+
+/*  Vendor-specific formats   */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-WNVA">V4L2_PIX_FMT_WNVA</link>     v4l2_fourcc('W', 'N', 'V', 'A') /* Winnov hw compress */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SN9C10X">V4L2_PIX_FMT_SN9C10X</link>  v4l2_fourcc('S', '9', '1', '0') /* SN9C10x compression */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SN9C20X-I420">V4L2_PIX_FMT_SN9C20X_I420</link> v4l2_fourcc('S', '9', '2', '0') /* SN9C20x YUV 4:2:0 */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-PWC1">V4L2_PIX_FMT_PWC1</link>     v4l2_fourcc('P', 'W', 'C', '1') /* pwc older webcam */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-PWC2">V4L2_PIX_FMT_PWC2</link>     v4l2_fourcc('P', 'W', 'C', '2') /* pwc newer webcam */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-ET61X251">V4L2_PIX_FMT_ET61X251</link> v4l2_fourcc('E', '6', '2', '5') /* ET61X251 compression */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SPCA501">V4L2_PIX_FMT_SPCA501</link>  v4l2_fourcc('S', '5', '0', '1') /* YUYV per line */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SPCA505">V4L2_PIX_FMT_SPCA505</link>  v4l2_fourcc('S', '5', '0', '5') /* YYUV per line */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SPCA508">V4L2_PIX_FMT_SPCA508</link>  v4l2_fourcc('S', '5', '0', '8') /* YUVY per line */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SPCA561">V4L2_PIX_FMT_SPCA561</link>  v4l2_fourcc('S', '5', '6', '1') /* compressed GBRG bayer */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-PAC207">V4L2_PIX_FMT_PAC207</link>   v4l2_fourcc('P', '2', '0', '7') /* compressed BGGR bayer */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-MR97310A">V4L2_PIX_FMT_MR97310A</link> v4l2_fourcc('M', '3', '1', '0') /* compressed BGGR bayer */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SQ905C">V4L2_PIX_FMT_SQ905C</link>   v4l2_fourcc('9', '0', '5', 'C') /* compressed RGGB bayer */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-PJPG">V4L2_PIX_FMT_PJPG</link>     v4l2_fourcc('P', 'J', 'P', 'G') /* Pixart 73xx JPEG */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-OV511">V4L2_PIX_FMT_OV511</link>    v4l2_fourcc('O', '5', '1', '1') /* ov511 JPEG */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-OV518">V4L2_PIX_FMT_OV518</link>    v4l2_fourcc('O', '5', '1', '8') /* ov518 JPEG */
+#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-TM6000">V4L2_PIX_FMT_TM6000</link>   v4l2_fourcc('T', 'M', '6', '0') /* tm5600/tm60x0 */
+
+/*
+ *      F O R M A T   E N U M E R A T I O N
+ */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-fmtdesc">v4l2_fmtdesc</link> {
+        __u32               index;             /* Format number      */
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-buf-type">v4l2_buf_type</link>  type;              /* buffer type        */
+        __u32               flags;
+        __u8                description[32];   /* Description string */
+        __u32               pixelformat;       /* Format fourcc      */
+        __u32               reserved[4];
+};
+
+#define V4L2_FMT_FLAG_COMPRESSED 0x0001
+#define V4L2_FMT_FLAG_EMULATED   0x0002
+
+#if 1 /*KEEP*/
+        /* Experimental Frame Size and frame rate enumeration */
+/*
+ *      F R A M E   S I Z E   E N U M E R A T I O N
+ */
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-frmsizetypes">v4l2_frmsizetypes</link> {
+        V4L2_FRMSIZE_TYPE_DISCRETE      = 1,
+        V4L2_FRMSIZE_TYPE_CONTINUOUS    = 2,
+        V4L2_FRMSIZE_TYPE_STEPWISE      = 3,
+};
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-frmsize-discrete">v4l2_frmsize_discrete</link> {
+        __u32                   width;          /* Frame width [pixel] */
+        __u32                   height;         /* Frame height [pixel] */
+};
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-frmsize-stepwise">v4l2_frmsize_stepwise</link> {
+        __u32                   min_width;      /* Minimum frame width [pixel] */
+        __u32                   max_width;      /* Maximum frame width [pixel] */
+        __u32                   step_width;     /* Frame width step size [pixel] */
+        __u32                   min_height;     /* Minimum frame height [pixel] */
+        __u32                   max_height;     /* Maximum frame height [pixel] */
+        __u32                   step_height;    /* Frame height step size [pixel] */
+};
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-frmsizeenum">v4l2_frmsizeenum</link> {
+        __u32                   index;          /* Frame size number */
+        __u32                   pixel_format;   /* Pixel format */
+        __u32                   type;           /* Frame size type the device supports. */
+
+        union {                                 /* Frame size */
+                struct <link linkend="v4l2-frmsize-discrete">v4l2_frmsize_discrete</link>    discrete;
+                struct <link linkend="v4l2-frmsize-stepwise">v4l2_frmsize_stepwise</link>    stepwise;
+        };
+
+        __u32   reserved[2];                    /* Reserved space for future use */
+};
+
+/*
+ *      F R A M E   R A T E   E N U M E R A T I O N
+ */
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-frmivaltypes">v4l2_frmivaltypes</link> {
+        V4L2_FRMIVAL_TYPE_DISCRETE      = 1,
+        V4L2_FRMIVAL_TYPE_CONTINUOUS    = 2,
+        V4L2_FRMIVAL_TYPE_STEPWISE      = 3,
+};
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-frmival-stepwise">v4l2_frmival_stepwise</link> {
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-fract">v4l2_fract</link>       min;            /* Minimum frame interval [s] */
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-fract">v4l2_fract</link>       max;            /* Maximum frame interval [s] */
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-fract">v4l2_fract</link>       step;           /* Frame interval step size [s] */
+};
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-frmivalenum">v4l2_frmivalenum</link> {
+        __u32                   index;          /* Frame format index */
+        __u32                   pixel_format;   /* Pixel format */
+        __u32                   width;          /* Frame width */
+        __u32                   height;         /* Frame height */
+        __u32                   type;           /* Frame interval type the device supports. */
+
+        union {                                 /* Frame interval */
+                struct <link linkend="v4l2-fract">v4l2_fract</link>               discrete;
+                struct <link linkend="v4l2-frmival-stepwise">v4l2_frmival_stepwise</link>    stepwise;
+        };
+
+        __u32   reserved[2];                    /* Reserved space for future use */
+};
+#endif
+
+/*
+ *      T I M E C O D E
+ */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-timecode">v4l2_timecode</link> {
+        __u32   type;
+        __u32   flags;
+        __u8    frames;
+        __u8    seconds;
+        __u8    minutes;
+        __u8    hours;
+        __u8    userbits[4];
+};
+
+/*  Type  */
+#define V4L2_TC_TYPE_24FPS              1
+#define V4L2_TC_TYPE_25FPS              2
+#define V4L2_TC_TYPE_30FPS              3
+#define V4L2_TC_TYPE_50FPS              4
+#define V4L2_TC_TYPE_60FPS              5
+
+/*  Flags  */
+#define V4L2_TC_FLAG_DROPFRAME          0x0001 /* "drop-frame" mode */
+#define V4L2_TC_FLAG_COLORFRAME         0x0002
+#define V4L2_TC_USERBITS_field          0x000C
+#define V4L2_TC_USERBITS_USERDEFINED    0x0000
+#define V4L2_TC_USERBITS_8BITCHARS      0x0008
+/* The above is based on SMPTE timecodes */
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-jpegcompression">v4l2_jpegcompression</link> {
+        int quality;
+
+        int  APPn;              /* Number of APP segment to be written,
+                                 * must be 0..15 */
+        int  APP_len;           /* Length of data in JPEG APPn segment */
+        char APP_data[60];      /* Data in the JPEG APPn segment. */
+
+        int  COM_len;           /* Length of data in JPEG COM segment */
+        char COM_data[60];      /* Data in JPEG COM segment */
+
+        __u32 jpeg_markers;     /* Which markers should go into the JPEG
+                                 * output. Unless you exactly know what
+                                 * you do, leave them untouched.
+                                 * Inluding less markers will make the
+                                 * resulting code smaller, but there will
+                                 * be fewer aplications which can read it.
+                                 * The presence of the APP and COM marker
+                                 * is influenced by APP_len and COM_len
+                                 * ONLY, not by this property! */
+
+#define V4L2_JPEG_MARKER_DHT (1&lt;&lt;3)    /* Define Huffman Tables */
+#define V4L2_JPEG_MARKER_DQT (1&lt;&lt;4)    /* Define Quantization Tables */
+#define V4L2_JPEG_MARKER_DRI (1&lt;&lt;5)    /* Define Restart Interval */
+#define V4L2_JPEG_MARKER_COM (1&lt;&lt;6)    /* Comment segment */
+#define V4L2_JPEG_MARKER_APP (1&lt;&lt;7)    /* App segment, driver will
+                                        * allways use APP0 */
+};
+
+/*
+ *      M E M O R Y - M A P P I N G   B U F F E R S
+ */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-requestbuffers">v4l2_requestbuffers</link> {
+        __u32                   count;
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-buf-type">v4l2_buf_type</link>      type;
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-memory">v4l2_memory</link>        memory;
+        __u32                   reserved[2];
+};
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-buffer">v4l2_buffer</link> {
+        __u32                   index;
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-buf-type">v4l2_buf_type</link>      type;
+        __u32                   bytesused;
+        __u32                   flags;
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-field">v4l2_field</link>         field;
+        struct timeval          timestamp;
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-timecode">v4l2_timecode</link>    timecode;
+        __u32                   sequence;
+
+        /* memory location */
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-memory">v4l2_memory</link>        memory;
+        union {
+                __u32           offset;
+                unsigned long   userptr;
+        } m;
+        __u32                   length;
+        __u32                   input;
+        __u32                   reserved;
+};
+
+/*  Flags for 'flags' field */
+#define V4L2_BUF_FLAG_MAPPED    0x0001  /* Buffer is mapped (flag) */
+#define V4L2_BUF_FLAG_QUEUED    0x0002  /* Buffer is queued for processing */
+#define V4L2_BUF_FLAG_DONE      0x0004  /* Buffer is ready */
+#define V4L2_BUF_FLAG_KEYFRAME  0x0008  /* Image is a keyframe (I-frame) */
+#define V4L2_BUF_FLAG_PFRAME    0x0010  /* Image is a P-frame */
+#define V4L2_BUF_FLAG_BFRAME    0x0020  /* Image is a B-frame */
+#define V4L2_BUF_FLAG_TIMECODE  0x0100  /* timecode field is valid */
+#define V4L2_BUF_FLAG_INPUT     0x0200  /* input field is valid */
+
+/*
+ *      O V E R L A Y   P R E V I E W
+ */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-framebuffer">v4l2_framebuffer</link> {
+        __u32                   capability;
+        __u32                   flags;
+/* FIXME: in theory we should pass something like PCI device + memory
+ * region + offset instead of some physical address */
+        void                    *base;
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-pix-format">v4l2_pix_format</link>  fmt;
+};
+/*  Flags for the 'capability' field. Read only */
+#define V4L2_FBUF_CAP_EXTERNOVERLAY     0x0001
+#define V4L2_FBUF_CAP_CHROMAKEY         0x0002
+#define V4L2_FBUF_CAP_LIST_CLIPPING     0x0004
+#define V4L2_FBUF_CAP_BITMAP_CLIPPING   0x0008
+#define V4L2_FBUF_CAP_LOCAL_ALPHA       0x0010
+#define V4L2_FBUF_CAP_GLOBAL_ALPHA      0x0020
+#define V4L2_FBUF_CAP_LOCAL_INV_ALPHA   0x0040
+/*  Flags for the 'flags' field. */
+#define V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_PRIMARY          0x0001
+#define V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_OVERLAY          0x0002
+#define V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_CHROMAKEY        0x0004
+#define V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_LOCAL_ALPHA      0x0008
+#define V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_GLOBAL_ALPHA     0x0010
+#define V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_LOCAL_INV_ALPHA  0x0020
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-clip">v4l2_clip</link> {
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-rect">v4l2_rect</link>        c;
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-clip">v4l2_clip</link>        __user *next;
+};
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-window">v4l2_window</link> {
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-rect">v4l2_rect</link>        w;
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-field">v4l2_field</link>         field;
+        __u32                   chromakey;
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-clip">v4l2_clip</link>        __user *clips;
+        __u32                   clipcount;
+        void                    __user *bitmap;
+        __u8                    global_alpha;
+};
+
+/*
+ *      C A P T U R E   P A R A M E T E R S
+ */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-captureparm">v4l2_captureparm</link> {
+        __u32              capability;    /*  Supported modes */
+        __u32              capturemode;   /*  Current mode */
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-fract">v4l2_fract</link>  timeperframe;  /*  Time per frame in .1us units */
+        __u32              extendedmode;  /*  Driver-specific extensions */
+        __u32              readbuffers;   /*  # of buffers for read */
+        __u32              reserved[4];
+};
+
+/*  Flags for 'capability' and 'capturemode' fields */
+#define V4L2_MODE_HIGHQUALITY   0x0001  /*  High quality imaging mode */
+#define V4L2_CAP_TIMEPERFRAME   0x1000  /*  timeperframe field is supported */
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-outputparm">v4l2_outputparm</link> {
+        __u32              capability;   /*  Supported modes */
+        __u32              outputmode;   /*  Current mode */
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-fract">v4l2_fract</link>  timeperframe; /*  Time per frame in seconds */
+        __u32              extendedmode; /*  Driver-specific extensions */
+        __u32              writebuffers; /*  # of buffers for write */
+        __u32              reserved[4];
+};
+
+/*
+ *      I N P U T   I M A G E   C R O P P I N G
+ */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-cropcap">v4l2_cropcap</link> {
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-buf-type">v4l2_buf_type</link>      type;
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-rect">v4l2_rect</link>        bounds;
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-rect">v4l2_rect</link>        defrect;
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-fract">v4l2_fract</link>       pixelaspect;
+};
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-crop">v4l2_crop</link> {
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-buf-type">v4l2_buf_type</link>      type;
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-rect">v4l2_rect</link>        c;
+};
+
+/*
+ *      A N A L O G   V I D E O   S T A N D A R D
+ */
+
+typedef __u64 v4l2_std_id;
+
+/* one bit for each */
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_B          ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000001)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_B1         ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000002)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_G          ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000004)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_H          ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000008)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_I          ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000010)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_D          ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000020)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_D1         ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000040)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_K          ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000080)
+
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_M          ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000100)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_N          ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000200)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_Nc         ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000400)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_60         ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000800)
+
+#define V4L2_STD_NTSC_M         ((v4l2_std_id)0x00001000)
+#define V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_JP      ((v4l2_std_id)0x00002000)
+#define V4L2_STD_NTSC_443       ((v4l2_std_id)0x00004000)
+#define V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_KR      ((v4l2_std_id)0x00008000)
+
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_B        ((v4l2_std_id)0x00010000)
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_D        ((v4l2_std_id)0x00020000)
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_G        ((v4l2_std_id)0x00040000)
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_H        ((v4l2_std_id)0x00080000)
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_K        ((v4l2_std_id)0x00100000)
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_K1       ((v4l2_std_id)0x00200000)
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_L        ((v4l2_std_id)0x00400000)
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_LC       ((v4l2_std_id)0x00800000)
+
+/* ATSC/HDTV */
+#define V4L2_STD_ATSC_8_VSB     ((v4l2_std_id)0x01000000)
+#define V4L2_STD_ATSC_16_VSB    ((v4l2_std_id)0x02000000)
+
+/* FIXME:
+   Although std_id is 64 bits, there is an issue on PPC32 architecture that
+   makes switch(__u64) to break. So, there's a hack on v4l2-common.c rounding
+   this value to 32 bits.
+   As, currently, the max value is for V4L2_STD_ATSC_16_VSB (30 bits wide),
+   it should work fine. However, if needed to add more than two standards,
+   v4l2-common.c should be fixed.
+ */
+
+/* some merged standards */
+#define V4L2_STD_MN     (V4L2_STD_PAL_M|V4L2_STD_PAL_N|V4L2_STD_PAL_Nc|V4L2_STD_NTSC)
+#define V4L2_STD_B      (V4L2_STD_PAL_B|V4L2_STD_PAL_B1|V4L2_STD_SECAM_B)
+#define V4L2_STD_GH     (V4L2_STD_PAL_G|V4L2_STD_PAL_H|V4L2_STD_SECAM_G|V4L2_STD_SECAM_H)
+#define V4L2_STD_DK     (V4L2_STD_PAL_DK|V4L2_STD_SECAM_DK)
+
+/* some common needed stuff */
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_BG         (V4L2_STD_PAL_B         |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_B1        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_G)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_DK         (V4L2_STD_PAL_D         |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_D1        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_K)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL            (V4L2_STD_PAL_BG        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_DK        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_H         |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_I)
+#define V4L2_STD_NTSC           (V4L2_STD_NTSC_M        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_JP     |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_KR)
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_DK       (V4L2_STD_SECAM_D       |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_K       |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_K1)
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM          (V4L2_STD_SECAM_B       |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_G       |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_H       |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_DK      |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_L       |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_LC)
+
+#define V4L2_STD_525_60         (V4L2_STD_PAL_M         |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_60        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_NTSC          |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_NTSC_443)
+#define V4L2_STD_625_50         (V4L2_STD_PAL           |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_N         |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_Nc        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM)
+#define V4L2_STD_ATSC           (V4L2_STD_ATSC_8_VSB    |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_ATSC_16_VSB)
+
+#define V4L2_STD_UNKNOWN        0
+#define V4L2_STD_ALL            (V4L2_STD_525_60        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_625_50)
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-standard">v4l2_standard</link> {
+        __u32                index;
+        v4l2_std_id          id;
+        __u8                 name[24];
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-fract">v4l2_fract</link>    frameperiod; /* Frames, not fields */
+        __u32                framelines;
+        __u32                reserved[4];
+};
+
+/*
+ *      V I D E O   I N P U T S
+ */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-input">v4l2_input</link> {
+        __u32        index;             /*  Which input */
+        __u8         name[32];          /*  Label */
+        __u32        type;              /*  Type of input */
+        __u32        audioset;          /*  Associated audios (bitfield) */
+        __u32        tuner;             /*  Associated tuner */
+        v4l2_std_id  std;
+        __u32        status;
+        __u32        reserved[4];
+};
+
+/*  Values for the 'type' field */
+#define V4L2_INPUT_TYPE_TUNER           1
+#define V4L2_INPUT_TYPE_CAMERA          2
+
+/* field 'status' - general */
+#define V4L2_IN_ST_NO_POWER    0x00000001  /* Attached device is off */
+#define V4L2_IN_ST_NO_SIGNAL   0x00000002
+#define V4L2_IN_ST_NO_COLOR    0x00000004
+
+/* field 'status' - sensor orientation */
+/* If sensor is mounted upside down set both bits */
+#define V4L2_IN_ST_HFLIP       0x00000010 /* Frames are flipped horizontally */
+#define V4L2_IN_ST_VFLIP       0x00000020 /* Frames are flipped vertically */
+
+/* field 'status' - analog */
+#define V4L2_IN_ST_NO_H_LOCK   0x00000100  /* No horizontal sync lock */
+#define V4L2_IN_ST_COLOR_KILL  0x00000200  /* Color killer is active */
+
+/* field 'status' - digital */
+#define V4L2_IN_ST_NO_SYNC     0x00010000  /* No synchronization lock */
+#define V4L2_IN_ST_NO_EQU      0x00020000  /* No equalizer lock */
+#define V4L2_IN_ST_NO_CARRIER  0x00040000  /* Carrier recovery failed */
+
+/* field 'status' - VCR and set-top box */
+#define V4L2_IN_ST_MACROVISION 0x01000000  /* Macrovision detected */
+#define V4L2_IN_ST_NO_ACCESS   0x02000000  /* Conditional access denied */
+#define V4L2_IN_ST_VTR         0x04000000  /* VTR time constant */
+
+/*
+ *      V I D E O   O U T P U T S
+ */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-output">v4l2_output</link> {
+        __u32        index;             /*  Which output */
+        __u8         name[32];          /*  Label */
+        __u32        type;              /*  Type of output */
+        __u32        audioset;          /*  Associated audios (bitfield) */
+        __u32        modulator;         /*  Associated modulator */
+        v4l2_std_id  std;
+        __u32        reserved[4];
+};
+/*  Values for the 'type' field */
+#define V4L2_OUTPUT_TYPE_MODULATOR              1
+#define V4L2_OUTPUT_TYPE_ANALOG                 2
+#define V4L2_OUTPUT_TYPE_ANALOGVGAOVERLAY       3
+
+/*
+ *      C O N T R O L S
+ */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-control">v4l2_control</link> {
+        __u32                id;
+        __s32                value;
+};
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-ext-control">v4l2_ext_control</link> {
+        __u32 id;
+        __u32 size;
+        __u32 reserved2[1];
+        union {
+                __s32 value;
+                __s64 value64;
+                char *string;
+        };
+} __attribute__ ((packed));
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-ext-controls">v4l2_ext_controls</link> {
+        __u32 ctrl_class;
+        __u32 count;
+        __u32 error_idx;
+        __u32 reserved[2];
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-ext-control">v4l2_ext_control</link> *controls;
+};
+
+/*  Values for ctrl_class field */
+#define V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_USER 0x00980000 /* Old-style 'user' controls */
+#define V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_MPEG 0x00990000 /* MPEG-compression controls */
+#define V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_CAMERA 0x009a0000       /* Camera class controls */
+#define V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_FM_TX 0x009b0000        /* FM Modulator control class */
+
+#define V4L2_CTRL_ID_MASK         (0x0fffffff)
+#define V4L2_CTRL_ID2CLASS(id)    ((id) &amp; 0x0fff0000UL)
+#define V4L2_CTRL_DRIVER_PRIV(id) (((id) &amp; 0xffff) &gt;= 0x1000)
+
+/*  Used in the VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL ioctl for querying controls */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-queryctrl">v4l2_queryctrl</link> {
+        __u32                id;
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-ctrl-type">v4l2_ctrl_type</link>  type;
+        __u8                 name[32];  /* Whatever */
+        __s32                minimum;   /* Note signedness */
+        __s32                maximum;
+        __s32                step;
+        __s32                default_value;
+        __u32                flags;
+        __u32                reserved[2];
+};
+
+/*  Used in the VIDIOC_QUERYMENU ioctl for querying menu items */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-querymenu">v4l2_querymenu</link> {
+        __u32           id;
+        __u32           index;
+        __u8            name[32];       /* Whatever */
+        __u32           reserved;
+};
+
+/*  Control flags  */
+#define V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_DISABLED         0x0001
+#define V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_GRABBED          0x0002
+#define V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_READ_ONLY        0x0004
+#define V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_UPDATE           0x0008
+#define V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_INACTIVE         0x0010
+#define V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_SLIDER           0x0020
+#define V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_WRITE_ONLY       0x0040
+
+/*  Query flag, to be ORed with the control ID */
+#define V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_NEXT_CTRL        0x80000000
+
+/*  User-class control IDs defined by V4L2 */
+#define V4L2_CID_BASE                   (V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_USER | 0x900)
+#define V4L2_CID_USER_BASE              V4L2_CID_BASE
+/*  IDs reserved for driver specific controls */
+#define V4L2_CID_PRIVATE_BASE           0x08000000
+
+#define V4L2_CID_USER_CLASS             (V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_USER | 1)
+#define V4L2_CID_BRIGHTNESS             (V4L2_CID_BASE+0)
+#define V4L2_CID_CONTRAST               (V4L2_CID_BASE+1)
+#define V4L2_CID_SATURATION             (V4L2_CID_BASE+2)
+#define V4L2_CID_HUE                    (V4L2_CID_BASE+3)
+#define V4L2_CID_AUDIO_VOLUME           (V4L2_CID_BASE+5)
+#define V4L2_CID_AUDIO_BALANCE          (V4L2_CID_BASE+6)
+#define V4L2_CID_AUDIO_BASS             (V4L2_CID_BASE+7)
+#define V4L2_CID_AUDIO_TREBLE           (V4L2_CID_BASE+8)
+#define V4L2_CID_AUDIO_MUTE             (V4L2_CID_BASE+9)
+#define V4L2_CID_AUDIO_LOUDNESS         (V4L2_CID_BASE+10)
+#define V4L2_CID_BLACK_LEVEL            (V4L2_CID_BASE+11) /* Deprecated */
+#define V4L2_CID_AUTO_WHITE_BALANCE     (V4L2_CID_BASE+12)
+#define V4L2_CID_DO_WHITE_BALANCE       (V4L2_CID_BASE+13)
+#define V4L2_CID_RED_BALANCE            (V4L2_CID_BASE+14)
+#define V4L2_CID_BLUE_BALANCE           (V4L2_CID_BASE+15)
+#define V4L2_CID_GAMMA                  (V4L2_CID_BASE+16)
+#define V4L2_CID_WHITENESS              (V4L2_CID_GAMMA) /* Deprecated */
+#define V4L2_CID_EXPOSURE               (V4L2_CID_BASE+17)
+#define V4L2_CID_AUTOGAIN               (V4L2_CID_BASE+18)
+#define V4L2_CID_GAIN                   (V4L2_CID_BASE+19)
+#define V4L2_CID_HFLIP                  (V4L2_CID_BASE+20)
+#define V4L2_CID_VFLIP                  (V4L2_CID_BASE+21)
+
+/* Deprecated; use V4L2_CID_PAN_RESET and V4L2_CID_TILT_RESET */
+#define V4L2_CID_HCENTER                (V4L2_CID_BASE+22)
+#define V4L2_CID_VCENTER                (V4L2_CID_BASE+23)
+
+#define V4L2_CID_POWER_LINE_FREQUENCY   (V4L2_CID_BASE+24)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-power-line-frequency">v4l2_power_line_frequency</link> {
+        V4L2_CID_POWER_LINE_FREQUENCY_DISABLED  = 0,
+        V4L2_CID_POWER_LINE_FREQUENCY_50HZ      = 1,
+        V4L2_CID_POWER_LINE_FREQUENCY_60HZ      = 2,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_HUE_AUTO                       (V4L2_CID_BASE+25)
+#define V4L2_CID_WHITE_BALANCE_TEMPERATURE      (V4L2_CID_BASE+26)
+#define V4L2_CID_SHARPNESS                      (V4L2_CID_BASE+27)
+#define V4L2_CID_BACKLIGHT_COMPENSATION         (V4L2_CID_BASE+28)
+#define V4L2_CID_CHROMA_AGC                     (V4L2_CID_BASE+29)
+#define V4L2_CID_COLOR_KILLER                   (V4L2_CID_BASE+30)
+#define V4L2_CID_COLORFX                        (V4L2_CID_BASE+31)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-colorfx">v4l2_colorfx</link> {
+        V4L2_COLORFX_NONE       = 0,
+        V4L2_COLORFX_BW         = 1,
+        V4L2_COLORFX_SEPIA      = 2,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_AUTOBRIGHTNESS                 (V4L2_CID_BASE+32)
+#define V4L2_CID_BAND_STOP_FILTER               (V4L2_CID_BASE+33)
+
+/* last CID + 1 */
+#define V4L2_CID_LASTP1                         (V4L2_CID_BASE+34)
+
+/*  MPEG-class control IDs defined by V4L2 */
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE                      (V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_MPEG | 0x900)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_CLASS                     (V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_MPEG | 1)
+
+/*  MPEG streams */
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_TYPE               (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+0)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-stream-type">v4l2_mpeg_stream_type</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_TYPE_MPEG2_PS   = 0, /* MPEG-2 program stream */
+        V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_TYPE_MPEG2_TS   = 1, /* MPEG-2 transport stream */
+        V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_TYPE_MPEG1_SS   = 2, /* MPEG-1 system stream */
+        V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_TYPE_MPEG2_DVD  = 3, /* MPEG-2 DVD-compatible stream */
+        V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_TYPE_MPEG1_VCD  = 4, /* MPEG-1 VCD-compatible stream */
+        V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_TYPE_MPEG2_SVCD = 5, /* MPEG-2 SVCD-compatible stream */
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_PID_PMT            (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+1)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_PID_AUDIO          (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+2)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_PID_VIDEO          (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+3)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_PID_PCR            (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+4)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_PES_ID_AUDIO       (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+5)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_PES_ID_VIDEO       (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+6)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_VBI_FMT            (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+7)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-stream-vbi-fmt">v4l2_mpeg_stream_vbi_fmt</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_VBI_FMT_NONE = 0,  /* No VBI in the MPEG stream */
+        V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_VBI_FMT_IVTV = 1,  /* VBI in private packets, IVTV format */
+};
+
+/*  MPEG audio */
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_SAMPLING_FREQ       (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+100)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-audio-sampling-freq">v4l2_mpeg_audio_sampling_freq</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_SAMPLING_FREQ_44100 = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_SAMPLING_FREQ_48000 = 1,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_SAMPLING_FREQ_32000 = 2,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_ENCODING            (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+101)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-audio-encoding">v4l2_mpeg_audio_encoding</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_ENCODING_LAYER_1 = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_ENCODING_LAYER_2 = 1,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_ENCODING_LAYER_3 = 2,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_ENCODING_AAC     = 3,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_ENCODING_AC3     = 4,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE          (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+102)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-audio-l1-bitrate">v4l2_mpeg_audio_l1_bitrate</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_32K  = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_64K  = 1,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_96K  = 2,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_128K = 3,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_160K = 4,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_192K = 5,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_224K = 6,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_256K = 7,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_288K = 8,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_320K = 9,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_352K = 10,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_384K = 11,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_416K = 12,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L1_BITRATE_448K = 13,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE          (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+103)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-audio-l2-bitrate">v4l2_mpeg_audio_l2_bitrate</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_32K  = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_48K  = 1,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_56K  = 2,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_64K  = 3,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_80K  = 4,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_96K  = 5,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_112K = 6,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_128K = 7,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_160K = 8,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_192K = 9,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_224K = 10,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_256K = 11,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_320K = 12,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L2_BITRATE_384K = 13,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE          (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+104)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-audio-l3-bitrate">v4l2_mpeg_audio_l3_bitrate</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_32K  = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_40K  = 1,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_48K  = 2,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_56K  = 3,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_64K  = 4,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_80K  = 5,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_96K  = 6,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_112K = 7,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_128K = 8,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_160K = 9,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_192K = 10,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_224K = 11,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_256K = 12,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_L3_BITRATE_320K = 13,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE                (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+105)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-audio-mode">v4l2_mpeg_audio_mode</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_STEREO       = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_JOINT_STEREO = 1,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_DUAL         = 2,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_MONO         = 3,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_EXTENSION      (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+106)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-audio-mode-extension">v4l2_mpeg_audio_mode_extension</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_EXTENSION_BOUND_4  = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_EXTENSION_BOUND_8  = 1,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_EXTENSION_BOUND_12 = 2,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_MODE_EXTENSION_BOUND_16 = 3,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_EMPHASIS            (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+107)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-audio-emphasis">v4l2_mpeg_audio_emphasis</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_EMPHASIS_NONE         = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_EMPHASIS_50_DIV_15_uS = 1,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_EMPHASIS_CCITT_J17    = 2,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_CRC                 (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+108)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-audio-crc">v4l2_mpeg_audio_crc</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_CRC_NONE  = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_CRC_CRC16 = 1,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_MUTE                (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+109)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_AAC_BITRATE         (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+110)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE         (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+111)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-audio-ac3-bitrate">v4l2_mpeg_audio_ac3_bitrate</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_32K  = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_40K  = 1,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_48K  = 2,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_56K  = 3,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_64K  = 4,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_80K  = 5,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_96K  = 6,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_112K = 7,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_128K = 8,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_160K = 9,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_192K = 10,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_224K = 11,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_256K = 12,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_320K = 13,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_384K = 14,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_448K = 15,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_512K = 16,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_576K = 17,
+        V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_AC3_BITRATE_640K = 18,
+};
+
+/*  MPEG video */
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_ENCODING            (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+200)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-video-encoding">v4l2_mpeg_video_encoding</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_ENCODING_MPEG_1     = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_ENCODING_MPEG_2     = 1,
+        V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_ENCODING_MPEG_4_AVC = 2,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_ASPECT              (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+201)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-video-aspect">v4l2_mpeg_video_aspect</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_ASPECT_1x1     = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_ASPECT_4x3     = 1,
+        V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_ASPECT_16x9    = 2,
+        V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_ASPECT_221x100 = 3,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_B_FRAMES            (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+202)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_GOP_SIZE            (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+203)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_GOP_CLOSURE         (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+204)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_PULLDOWN            (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+205)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_BITRATE_MODE        (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+206)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-video-bitrate-mode">v4l2_mpeg_video_bitrate_mode</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_BITRATE_MODE_VBR = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_BITRATE_MODE_CBR = 1,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_BITRATE             (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+207)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_BITRATE_PEAK        (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+208)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_TEMPORAL_DECIMATION (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+209)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_MUTE                (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+210)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_VIDEO_MUTE_YUV            (V4L2_CID_MPEG_BASE+211)
+
+/*  MPEG-class control IDs specific to the CX2341x driver as defined by V4L2 */
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_BASE                              (V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_MPEG | 0x1000)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_SPATIAL_FILTER_MODE         (V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_BASE+0)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-cx2341x-video-spatial-filter-mode">v4l2_mpeg_cx2341x_video_spatial_filter_mode</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_SPATIAL_FILTER_MODE_MANUAL = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_SPATIAL_FILTER_MODE_AUTO   = 1,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_SPATIAL_FILTER              (V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_BASE+1)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_LUMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE    (V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_BASE+2)
+enum <link linkend="luma-spatial-filter-type">v4l2_mpeg_cx2341x_video_luma_spatial_filter_type</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_LUMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE_OFF                  = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_LUMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE_1D_HOR               = 1,
+        V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_LUMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE_1D_VERT              = 2,
+        V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_LUMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE_2D_HV_SEPARABLE      = 3,
+        V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_LUMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE_2D_SYM_NON_SEPARABLE = 4,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_CHROMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE  (V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_BASE+3)
+enum <link linkend="chroma-spatial-filter-type">v4l2_mpeg_cx2341x_video_chroma_spatial_filter_type</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_CHROMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE_OFF    = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_CHROMA_SPATIAL_FILTER_TYPE_1D_HOR = 1,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_TEMPORAL_FILTER_MODE        (V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_BASE+4)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-cx2341x-video-temporal-filter-mode">v4l2_mpeg_cx2341x_video_temporal_filter_mode</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_TEMPORAL_FILTER_MODE_MANUAL = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_TEMPORAL_FILTER_MODE_AUTO   = 1,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_TEMPORAL_FILTER             (V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_BASE+5)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_MEDIAN_FILTER_TYPE          (V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_BASE+6)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-cx2341x-video-median-filter-type">v4l2_mpeg_cx2341x_video_median_filter_type</link> {
+        V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_MEDIAN_FILTER_TYPE_OFF      = 0,
+        V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_MEDIAN_FILTER_TYPE_HOR      = 1,
+        V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_MEDIAN_FILTER_TYPE_VERT     = 2,
+        V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_MEDIAN_FILTER_TYPE_HOR_VERT = 3,
+        V4L2_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_MEDIAN_FILTER_TYPE_DIAG     = 4,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_LUMA_MEDIAN_FILTER_BOTTOM   (V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_BASE+7)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_LUMA_MEDIAN_FILTER_TOP      (V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_BASE+8)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_CHROMA_MEDIAN_FILTER_BOTTOM (V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_BASE+9)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_VIDEO_CHROMA_MEDIAN_FILTER_TOP    (V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_BASE+10)
+#define V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_STREAM_INSERT_NAV_PACKETS         (V4L2_CID_MPEG_CX2341X_BASE+11)
+
+/*  Camera class control IDs */
+#define V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS_BASE      (V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_CAMERA | 0x900)
+#define V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS           (V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_CAMERA | 1)
+
+#define V4L2_CID_EXPOSURE_AUTO                  (V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS_BASE+1)
+enum  <link linkend="v4l2-exposure-auto-type">v4l2_exposure_auto_type</link> {
+        V4L2_EXPOSURE_AUTO = 0,
+        V4L2_EXPOSURE_MANUAL = 1,
+        V4L2_EXPOSURE_SHUTTER_PRIORITY = 2,
+        V4L2_EXPOSURE_APERTURE_PRIORITY = 3
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_EXPOSURE_ABSOLUTE              (V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS_BASE+2)
+#define V4L2_CID_EXPOSURE_AUTO_PRIORITY         (V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS_BASE+3)
+
+#define V4L2_CID_PAN_RELATIVE                   (V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS_BASE+4)
+#define V4L2_CID_TILT_RELATIVE                  (V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS_BASE+5)
+#define V4L2_CID_PAN_RESET                      (V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS_BASE+6)
+#define V4L2_CID_TILT_RESET                     (V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS_BASE+7)
+
+#define V4L2_CID_PAN_ABSOLUTE                   (V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS_BASE+8)
+#define V4L2_CID_TILT_ABSOLUTE                  (V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS_BASE+9)
+
+#define V4L2_CID_FOCUS_ABSOLUTE                 (V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS_BASE+10)
+#define V4L2_CID_FOCUS_RELATIVE                 (V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS_BASE+11)
+#define V4L2_CID_FOCUS_AUTO                     (V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS_BASE+12)
+
+#define V4L2_CID_ZOOM_ABSOLUTE                  (V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS_BASE+13)
+#define V4L2_CID_ZOOM_RELATIVE                  (V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS_BASE+14)
+#define V4L2_CID_ZOOM_CONTINUOUS                (V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS_BASE+15)
+
+#define V4L2_CID_PRIVACY                        (V4L2_CID_CAMERA_CLASS_BASE+16)
+
+/* FM Modulator class control IDs */
+#define V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE               (V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_FM_TX | 0x900)
+#define V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS                    (V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_FM_TX | 1)
+
+#define V4L2_CID_RDS_TX_DEVIATION               (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 1)
+#define V4L2_CID_RDS_TX_PI                      (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 2)
+#define V4L2_CID_RDS_TX_PTY                     (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 3)
+#define V4L2_CID_RDS_TX_PS_NAME                 (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 5)
+#define V4L2_CID_RDS_TX_RADIO_TEXT              (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 6)
+
+#define V4L2_CID_AUDIO_LIMITER_ENABLED          (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 64)
+#define V4L2_CID_AUDIO_LIMITER_RELEASE_TIME     (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 65)
+#define V4L2_CID_AUDIO_LIMITER_DEVIATION        (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 66)
+
+#define V4L2_CID_AUDIO_COMPRESSION_ENABLED      (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 80)
+#define V4L2_CID_AUDIO_COMPRESSION_GAIN         (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 81)
+#define V4L2_CID_AUDIO_COMPRESSION_THRESHOLD    (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 82)
+#define V4L2_CID_AUDIO_COMPRESSION_ATTACK_TIME  (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 83)
+#define V4L2_CID_AUDIO_COMPRESSION_RELEASE_TIME (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 84)
+
+#define V4L2_CID_PILOT_TONE_ENABLED             (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 96)
+#define V4L2_CID_PILOT_TONE_DEVIATION           (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 97)
+#define V4L2_CID_PILOT_TONE_FREQUENCY           (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 98)
+
+#define V4L2_CID_TUNE_PREEMPHASIS               (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 112)
+enum <link linkend="v4l2-preemphasis">v4l2_preemphasis</link> {
+        V4L2_PREEMPHASIS_DISABLED       = 0,
+        V4L2_PREEMPHASIS_50_uS          = 1,
+        V4L2_PREEMPHASIS_75_uS          = 2,
+};
+#define V4L2_CID_TUNE_POWER_LEVEL               (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 113)
+#define V4L2_CID_TUNE_ANTENNA_CAPACITOR         (V4L2_CID_FM_TX_CLASS_BASE + 114)
+
+/*
+ *      T U N I N G
+ */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-tuner">v4l2_tuner</link> {
+        __u32                   index;
+        __u8                    name[32];
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-tuner-type">v4l2_tuner_type</link>    type;
+        __u32                   capability;
+        __u32                   rangelow;
+        __u32                   rangehigh;
+        __u32                   rxsubchans;
+        __u32                   audmode;
+        __s32                   signal;
+        __s32                   afc;
+        __u32                   reserved[4];
+};
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-modulator">v4l2_modulator</link> {
+        __u32                   index;
+        __u8                    name[32];
+        __u32                   capability;
+        __u32                   rangelow;
+        __u32                   rangehigh;
+        __u32                   txsubchans;
+        __u32                   reserved[4];
+};
+
+/*  Flags for the 'capability' field */
+#define V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LOW              0x0001
+#define V4L2_TUNER_CAP_NORM             0x0002
+#define V4L2_TUNER_CAP_STEREO           0x0010
+#define V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LANG2            0x0020
+#define V4L2_TUNER_CAP_SAP              0x0020
+#define V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LANG1            0x0040
+#define V4L2_TUNER_CAP_RDS              0x0080
+
+/*  Flags for the 'rxsubchans' field */
+#define V4L2_TUNER_SUB_MONO             0x0001
+#define V4L2_TUNER_SUB_STEREO           0x0002
+#define V4L2_TUNER_SUB_LANG2            0x0004
+#define V4L2_TUNER_SUB_SAP              0x0004
+#define V4L2_TUNER_SUB_LANG1            0x0008
+#define V4L2_TUNER_SUB_RDS              0x0010
+
+/*  Values for the 'audmode' field */
+#define V4L2_TUNER_MODE_MONO            0x0000
+#define V4L2_TUNER_MODE_STEREO          0x0001
+#define V4L2_TUNER_MODE_LANG2           0x0002
+#define V4L2_TUNER_MODE_SAP             0x0002
+#define V4L2_TUNER_MODE_LANG1           0x0003
+#define V4L2_TUNER_MODE_LANG1_LANG2     0x0004
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-frequency">v4l2_frequency</link> {
+        __u32                 tuner;
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-tuner-type">v4l2_tuner_type</link>  type;
+        __u32                 frequency;
+        __u32                 reserved[8];
+};
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-hw-freq-seek">v4l2_hw_freq_seek</link> {
+        __u32                 tuner;
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-tuner-type">v4l2_tuner_type</link>  type;
+        __u32                 seek_upward;
+        __u32                 wrap_around;
+        __u32                 reserved[8];
+};
+
+/*
+ *      R D S
+ */
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-rds-data">v4l2_rds_data</link> {
+        __u8    lsb;
+        __u8    msb;
+        __u8    block;
+} __attribute__ ((packed));
+
+#define V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_MSK       0x7
+#define V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_A         0
+#define V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_B         1
+#define V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_C         2
+#define V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_D         3
+#define V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_C_ALT     4
+#define V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_INVALID   7
+
+#define V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_CORRECTED 0x40
+#define V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_ERROR     0x80
+
+/*
+ *      A U D I O
+ */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-audio">v4l2_audio</link> {
+        __u32   index;
+        __u8    name[32];
+        __u32   capability;
+        __u32   mode;
+        __u32   reserved[2];
+};
+
+/*  Flags for the 'capability' field */
+#define V4L2_AUDCAP_STEREO              0x00001
+#define V4L2_AUDCAP_AVL                 0x00002
+
+/*  Flags for the 'mode' field */
+#define V4L2_AUDMODE_AVL                0x00001
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-audioout">v4l2_audioout</link> {
+        __u32   index;
+        __u8    name[32];
+        __u32   capability;
+        __u32   mode;
+        __u32   reserved[2];
+};
+
+/*
+ *      M P E G   S E R V I C E S
+ *
+ *      NOTE: EXPERIMENTAL API
+ */
+#if 1 /*KEEP*/
+#define V4L2_ENC_IDX_FRAME_I    (0)
+#define V4L2_ENC_IDX_FRAME_P    (1)
+#define V4L2_ENC_IDX_FRAME_B    (2)
+#define V4L2_ENC_IDX_FRAME_MASK (0xf)
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-enc-idx-entry">v4l2_enc_idx_entry</link> {
+        __u64 offset;
+        __u64 pts;
+        __u32 length;
+        __u32 flags;
+        __u32 reserved[2];
+};
+
+#define V4L2_ENC_IDX_ENTRIES (64)
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-enc-idx">v4l2_enc_idx</link> {
+        __u32 entries;
+        __u32 entries_cap;
+        __u32 reserved[4];
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-enc-idx-entry">v4l2_enc_idx_entry</link> entry[V4L2_ENC_IDX_ENTRIES];
+};
+
+
+#define V4L2_ENC_CMD_START      (0)
+#define V4L2_ENC_CMD_STOP       (1)
+#define V4L2_ENC_CMD_PAUSE      (2)
+#define V4L2_ENC_CMD_RESUME     (3)
+
+/* Flags for V4L2_ENC_CMD_STOP */
+#define V4L2_ENC_CMD_STOP_AT_GOP_END    (1 &lt;&lt; 0)
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-encoder-cmd">v4l2_encoder_cmd</link> {
+        __u32 cmd;
+        __u32 flags;
+        union {
+                struct {
+                        __u32 data[8];
+                } raw;
+        };
+};
+
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+ *      D A T A   S E R V I C E S   ( V B I )
+ *
+ *      Data services API by Michael Schimek
+ */
+
+/* Raw VBI */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-vbi-format">v4l2_vbi_format</link> {
+        __u32   sampling_rate;          /* in 1 Hz */
+        __u32   offset;
+        __u32   samples_per_line;
+        __u32   sample_format;          /* V4L2_PIX_FMT_* */
+        __s32   start[2];
+        __u32   count[2];
+        __u32   flags;                  /* V4L2_VBI_* */
+        __u32   reserved[2];            /* must be zero */
+};
+
+/*  VBI flags  */
+#define V4L2_VBI_UNSYNC         (1 &lt;&lt; 0)
+#define V4L2_VBI_INTERLACED     (1 &lt;&lt; 1)
+
+/* Sliced VBI
+ *
+ *    This implements is a proposal V4L2 API to allow SLICED VBI
+ * required for some hardware encoders. It should change without
+ * notice in the definitive implementation.
+ */
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-sliced-vbi-format">v4l2_sliced_vbi_format</link> {
+        __u16   service_set;
+        /* service_lines[0][...] specifies lines 0-23 (1-23 used) of the first field
+           service_lines[1][...] specifies lines 0-23 (1-23 used) of the second field
+                                 (equals frame lines 313-336 for 625 line video
+                                  standards, 263-286 for 525 line standards) */
+        __u16   service_lines[2][24];
+        __u32   io_size;
+        __u32   reserved[2];            /* must be zero */
+};
+
+/* Teletext World System Teletext
+   (WST), defined on ITU-R BT.653-2 */
+#define V4L2_SLICED_TELETEXT_B          (0x0001)
+/* Video Program System, defined on ETS 300 231*/
+#define V4L2_SLICED_VPS                 (0x0400)
+/* Closed Caption, defined on EIA-608 */
+#define V4L2_SLICED_CAPTION_525         (0x1000)
+/* Wide Screen System, defined on ITU-R BT1119.1 */
+#define V4L2_SLICED_WSS_625             (0x4000)
+
+#define V4L2_SLICED_VBI_525             (V4L2_SLICED_CAPTION_525)
+#define V4L2_SLICED_VBI_625             (V4L2_SLICED_TELETEXT_B | V4L2_SLICED_VPS | V4L2_SLICED_WSS_625)
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-sliced-vbi-cap">v4l2_sliced_vbi_cap</link> {
+        __u16   service_set;
+        /* service_lines[0][...] specifies lines 0-23 (1-23 used) of the first field
+           service_lines[1][...] specifies lines 0-23 (1-23 used) of the second field
+                                 (equals frame lines 313-336 for 625 line video
+                                  standards, 263-286 for 525 line standards) */
+        __u16   service_lines[2][24];
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-buf-type">v4l2_buf_type</link> type;
+        __u32   reserved[3];    /* must be 0 */
+};
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-sliced-vbi-data">v4l2_sliced_vbi_data</link> {
+        __u32   id;
+        __u32   field;          /* 0: first field, 1: second field */
+        __u32   line;           /* 1-23 */
+        __u32   reserved;       /* must be 0 */
+        __u8    data[48];
+};
+
+/*
+ * Sliced VBI data inserted into MPEG Streams
+ */
+
+/*
+ * V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_VBI_FMT_IVTV:
+ *
+ * Structure of payload contained in an MPEG 2 Private Stream 1 PES Packet in an
+ * MPEG-2 Program Pack that contains V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_VBI_FMT_IVTV Sliced VBI
+ * data
+ *
+ * Note, the MPEG-2 Program Pack and Private Stream 1 PES packet header
+ * definitions are not included here.  See the MPEG-2 specifications for details
+ * on these headers.
+ */
+
+/* Line type IDs */
+#define V4L2_MPEG_VBI_IVTV_TELETEXT_B     (1)
+#define V4L2_MPEG_VBI_IVTV_CAPTION_525    (4)
+#define V4L2_MPEG_VBI_IVTV_WSS_625        (5)
+#define V4L2_MPEG_VBI_IVTV_VPS            (7)
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-itv0-line">v4l2_mpeg_vbi_itv0_line</link> {
+        __u8 id;        /* One of V4L2_MPEG_VBI_IVTV_* above */
+        __u8 data[42];  /* Sliced VBI data for the line */
+} __attribute__ ((packed));
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-itv0">v4l2_mpeg_vbi_itv0</link> {
+        __le32 linemask[2]; /* Bitmasks of VBI service lines present */
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-itv0-line">v4l2_mpeg_vbi_itv0_line</link> line[35];
+} __attribute__ ((packed));
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-itv0-1">v4l2_mpeg_vbi_ITV0</link> {
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-itv0-line">v4l2_mpeg_vbi_itv0_line</link> line[36];
+} __attribute__ ((packed));
+
+#define V4L2_MPEG_VBI_IVTV_MAGIC0       "itv0"
+#define V4L2_MPEG_VBI_IVTV_MAGIC1       "ITV0"
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-fmt-ivtv">v4l2_mpeg_vbi_fmt_ivtv</link> {
+        __u8 magic[4];
+        union {
+                struct <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-itv0">v4l2_mpeg_vbi_itv0</link> itv0;
+                struct <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-itv0-1">v4l2_mpeg_vbi_ITV0</link> ITV0;
+        };
+} __attribute__ ((packed));
+
+/*
+ *      A G G R E G A T E   S T R U C T U R E S
+ */
+
+/*      Stream data format
+ */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-format">v4l2_format</link> {
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-buf-type">v4l2_buf_type</link> type;
+        union {
+                struct <link linkend="v4l2-pix-format">v4l2_pix_format</link>          pix;     /* V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE */
+                struct <link linkend="v4l2-window">v4l2_window</link>              win;     /* V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OVERLAY */
+                struct <link linkend="v4l2-vbi-format">v4l2_vbi_format</link>          vbi;     /* V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_CAPTURE */
+                struct <link linkend="v4l2-sliced-vbi-format">v4l2_sliced_vbi_format</link>   sliced;  /* V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_CAPTURE */
+                __u8    raw_data[200];                   /* user-defined */
+        } fmt;
+};
+
+
+/*      Stream type-dependent parameters
+ */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-streamparm">v4l2_streamparm</link> {
+        enum <link linkend="v4l2-buf-type">v4l2_buf_type</link> type;
+        union {
+                struct <link linkend="v4l2-captureparm">v4l2_captureparm</link> capture;
+                struct <link linkend="v4l2-outputparm">v4l2_outputparm</link>  output;
+                __u8    raw_data[200];  /* user-defined */
+        } parm;
+};
+
+/*
+ *      A D V A N C E D   D E B U G G I N G
+ *
+ *      NOTE: EXPERIMENTAL API, NEVER RELY ON THIS IN APPLICATIONS!
+ *      FOR DEBUGGING, TESTING AND INTERNAL USE ONLY!
+ */
+
+/* VIDIOC_DBG_G_REGISTER and VIDIOC_DBG_S_REGISTER */
+
+#define V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_HOST       0  /* Match against chip ID on host (0 for the host) */
+#define V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_I2C_DRIVER 1  /* Match against I2C driver name */
+#define V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_I2C_ADDR   2  /* Match against I2C 7-bit address */
+#define V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_AC97       3  /* Match against anciliary AC97 chip */
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-dbg-match">v4l2_dbg_match</link> {
+        __u32 type; /* Match type */
+        union {     /* Match this chip, meaning determined by type */
+                __u32 addr;
+                char name[32];
+        };
+} __attribute__ ((packed));
+
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-dbg-register">v4l2_dbg_register</link> {
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-dbg-match">v4l2_dbg_match</link> match;
+        __u32 size;     /* register size in bytes */
+        __u64 reg;
+        __u64 val;
+} __attribute__ ((packed));
+
+/* VIDIOC_DBG_G_CHIP_IDENT */
+struct <link linkend="v4l2-dbg-chip-ident">v4l2_dbg_chip_ident</link> {
+        struct <link linkend="v4l2-dbg-match">v4l2_dbg_match</link> match;
+        __u32 ident;       /* chip identifier as specified in &lt;media/v4l2-chip-ident.h&gt; */
+        __u32 revision;    /* chip revision, chip specific */
+} __attribute__ ((packed));
+
+/*
+ *      I O C T L   C O D E S   F O R   V I D E O   D E V I C E S
+ *
+ */
+#define VIDIOC_QUERYCAP          _IOR('V',  0, struct <link linkend="v4l2-capability">v4l2_capability</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_RESERVED           _IO('V',  1)
+#define VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT         _IOWR('V',  2, struct <link linkend="v4l2-fmtdesc">v4l2_fmtdesc</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_G_FMT            _IOWR('V',  4, struct <link linkend="v4l2-format">v4l2_format</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_S_FMT            _IOWR('V',  5, struct <link linkend="v4l2-format">v4l2_format</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_REQBUFS          _IOWR('V',  8, struct <link linkend="v4l2-requestbuffers">v4l2_requestbuffers</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_QUERYBUF         _IOWR('V',  9, struct <link linkend="v4l2-buffer">v4l2_buffer</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_G_FBUF            _IOR('V', 10, struct <link linkend="v4l2-framebuffer">v4l2_framebuffer</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_S_FBUF            _IOW('V', 11, struct <link linkend="v4l2-framebuffer">v4l2_framebuffer</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_OVERLAY           _IOW('V', 14, int)
+#define VIDIOC_QBUF             _IOWR('V', 15, struct <link linkend="v4l2-buffer">v4l2_buffer</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_DQBUF            _IOWR('V', 17, struct <link linkend="v4l2-buffer">v4l2_buffer</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_STREAMON          _IOW('V', 18, int)
+#define VIDIOC_STREAMOFF         _IOW('V', 19, int)
+#define VIDIOC_G_PARM           _IOWR('V', 21, struct <link linkend="v4l2-streamparm">v4l2_streamparm</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_S_PARM           _IOWR('V', 22, struct <link linkend="v4l2-streamparm">v4l2_streamparm</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_G_STD             _IOR('V', 23, v4l2_std_id)
+#define VIDIOC_S_STD             _IOW('V', 24, v4l2_std_id)
+#define VIDIOC_ENUMSTD          _IOWR('V', 25, struct <link linkend="v4l2-standard">v4l2_standard</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_ENUMINPUT        _IOWR('V', 26, struct <link linkend="v4l2-input">v4l2_input</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_G_CTRL           _IOWR('V', 27, struct <link linkend="v4l2-control">v4l2_control</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_S_CTRL           _IOWR('V', 28, struct <link linkend="v4l2-control">v4l2_control</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_G_TUNER          _IOWR('V', 29, struct <link linkend="v4l2-tuner">v4l2_tuner</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_S_TUNER           _IOW('V', 30, struct <link linkend="v4l2-tuner">v4l2_tuner</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_G_AUDIO           _IOR('V', 33, struct <link linkend="v4l2-audio">v4l2_audio</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_S_AUDIO           _IOW('V', 34, struct <link linkend="v4l2-audio">v4l2_audio</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL        _IOWR('V', 36, struct <link linkend="v4l2-queryctrl">v4l2_queryctrl</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_QUERYMENU        _IOWR('V', 37, struct <link linkend="v4l2-querymenu">v4l2_querymenu</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_G_INPUT           _IOR('V', 38, int)
+#define VIDIOC_S_INPUT          _IOWR('V', 39, int)
+#define VIDIOC_G_OUTPUT          _IOR('V', 46, int)
+#define VIDIOC_S_OUTPUT         _IOWR('V', 47, int)
+#define VIDIOC_ENUMOUTPUT       _IOWR('V', 48, struct <link linkend="v4l2-output">v4l2_output</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_G_AUDOUT          _IOR('V', 49, struct <link linkend="v4l2-audioout">v4l2_audioout</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_S_AUDOUT          _IOW('V', 50, struct <link linkend="v4l2-audioout">v4l2_audioout</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_G_MODULATOR      _IOWR('V', 54, struct <link linkend="v4l2-modulator">v4l2_modulator</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_S_MODULATOR       _IOW('V', 55, struct <link linkend="v4l2-modulator">v4l2_modulator</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_G_FREQUENCY      _IOWR('V', 56, struct <link linkend="v4l2-frequency">v4l2_frequency</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_S_FREQUENCY       _IOW('V', 57, struct <link linkend="v4l2-frequency">v4l2_frequency</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_CROPCAP          _IOWR('V', 58, struct <link linkend="v4l2-cropcap">v4l2_cropcap</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_G_CROP           _IOWR('V', 59, struct <link linkend="v4l2-crop">v4l2_crop</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_S_CROP            _IOW('V', 60, struct <link linkend="v4l2-crop">v4l2_crop</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_G_JPEGCOMP        _IOR('V', 61, struct <link linkend="v4l2-jpegcompression">v4l2_jpegcompression</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_S_JPEGCOMP        _IOW('V', 62, struct <link linkend="v4l2-jpegcompression">v4l2_jpegcompression</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_QUERYSTD          _IOR('V', 63, v4l2_std_id)
+#define VIDIOC_TRY_FMT          _IOWR('V', 64, struct <link linkend="v4l2-format">v4l2_format</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_ENUMAUDIO        _IOWR('V', 65, struct <link linkend="v4l2-audio">v4l2_audio</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_ENUMAUDOUT       _IOWR('V', 66, struct <link linkend="v4l2-audioout">v4l2_audioout</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_G_PRIORITY        _IOR('V', 67, enum <link linkend="v4l2-priority">v4l2_priority</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_S_PRIORITY        _IOW('V', 68, enum <link linkend="v4l2-priority">v4l2_priority</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_G_SLICED_VBI_CAP _IOWR('V', 69, struct <link linkend="v4l2-sliced-vbi-cap">v4l2_sliced_vbi_cap</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_LOG_STATUS         _IO('V', 70)
+#define VIDIOC_G_EXT_CTRLS      _IOWR('V', 71, struct <link linkend="v4l2-ext-controls">v4l2_ext_controls</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_S_EXT_CTRLS      _IOWR('V', 72, struct <link linkend="v4l2-ext-controls">v4l2_ext_controls</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_TRY_EXT_CTRLS    _IOWR('V', 73, struct <link linkend="v4l2-ext-controls">v4l2_ext_controls</link>)
+#if 1 /*KEEP*/
+#define VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMESIZES  _IOWR('V', 74, struct <link linkend="v4l2-frmsizeenum">v4l2_frmsizeenum</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMEINTERVALS _IOWR('V', 75, struct <link linkend="v4l2-frmivalenum">v4l2_frmivalenum</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_G_ENC_INDEX       _IOR('V', 76, struct <link linkend="v4l2-enc-idx">v4l2_enc_idx</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_ENCODER_CMD      _IOWR('V', 77, struct <link linkend="v4l2-encoder-cmd">v4l2_encoder_cmd</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_TRY_ENCODER_CMD  _IOWR('V', 78, struct <link linkend="v4l2-encoder-cmd">v4l2_encoder_cmd</link>)
+#endif
+
+#if 1 /*KEEP*/
+/* Experimental, meant for debugging, testing and internal use.
+   Only implemented if CONFIG_VIDEO_ADV_DEBUG is defined.
+   You must be root to use these ioctls. Never use these in applications! */
+#define VIDIOC_DBG_S_REGISTER    _IOW('V', 79, struct <link linkend="v4l2-dbg-register">v4l2_dbg_register</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_DBG_G_REGISTER   _IOWR('V', 80, struct <link linkend="v4l2-dbg-register">v4l2_dbg_register</link>)
+
+/* Experimental, meant for debugging, testing and internal use.
+   Never use this ioctl in applications! */
+#define VIDIOC_DBG_G_CHIP_IDENT _IOWR('V', 81, struct <link linkend="v4l2-dbg-chip-ident">v4l2_dbg_chip_ident</link>)
+#endif
+
+#define VIDIOC_S_HW_FREQ_SEEK    _IOW('V', 82, struct <link linkend="v4l2-hw-freq-seek">v4l2_hw_freq_seek</link>)
+/* Reminder: when adding new ioctls please add support for them to
+   drivers/media/video/v4l2-compat-ioctl32.c as well! */
+
+#ifdef __OLD_VIDIOC_
+/* for compatibility, will go away some day */
+#define VIDIOC_OVERLAY_OLD      _IOWR('V', 14, int)
+#define VIDIOC_S_PARM_OLD        _IOW('V', 22, struct <link linkend="v4l2-streamparm">v4l2_streamparm</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_S_CTRL_OLD        _IOW('V', 28, struct <link linkend="v4l2-control">v4l2_control</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_G_AUDIO_OLD      _IOWR('V', 33, struct <link linkend="v4l2-audio">v4l2_audio</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_G_AUDOUT_OLD     _IOWR('V', 49, struct <link linkend="v4l2-audioout">v4l2_audioout</link>)
+#define VIDIOC_CROPCAP_OLD       _IOR('V', 58, struct <link linkend="v4l2-cropcap">v4l2_cropcap</link>)
+#endif
+
+#define BASE_VIDIOC_PRIVATE     192             /* 192-255 are private */
+
+#endif /* __LINUX_VIDEODEV2_H */
+</programlisting>
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-cropcap.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-cropcap.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..816e90e283c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-cropcap.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-cropcap">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_CROPCAP</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_CROPCAP</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Information about the video cropping and scaling abilities</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_cropcap
+*<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_CROPCAP</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>Applications use this function to query the cropping
+limits, the pixel aspect of images and to calculate scale factors.
+They set the <structfield>type</structfield> field of a v4l2_cropcap
+structure to the respective buffer (stream) type and call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_CROPCAP</constant> ioctl with a pointer to this
+structure. Drivers fill the rest of the structure. The results are
+constant except when switching the video standard. Remember this
+switch can occur implicit when switching the video input or
+output.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-cropcap">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_cropcap</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-buf-type;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Type of the data stream, set by the application.
+Only these types are valid here:
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OVERLAY</constant>, and custom (driver
+defined) types with code <constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_PRIVATE</constant>
+and higher.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>struct <link linkend="v4l2-rect-crop">v4l2_rect</link></entry>
+            <entry><structfield>bounds</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Defines the window within capturing or output is
+possible, this may exclude for example the horizontal and vertical
+blanking areas. The cropping rectangle cannot exceed these limits.
+Width and height are defined in pixels, the driver writer is free to
+choose origin and units of the coordinate system in the analog
+domain.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>struct <link linkend="v4l2-rect-crop">v4l2_rect</link></entry>
+            <entry><structfield>defrect</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Default cropping rectangle, it shall cover the
+"whole picture". Assuming pixel aspect 1/1 this could be for example a
+640&nbsp;&times;&nbsp;480 rectangle for NTSC, a
+768&nbsp;&times;&nbsp;576 rectangle for PAL and SECAM centered over
+the active picture area. The same co-ordinate system as for
+            <structfield>bounds</structfield> is used.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-fract;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>pixelaspect</structfield></entry>
+            <entry><para>This is the pixel aspect (y / x) when no
+scaling is applied, the ratio of the actual sampling
+frequency and the frequency required to get square
+pixels.</para><para>When cropping coordinates refer to square pixels,
+the driver sets <structfield>pixelaspect</structfield> to 1/1. Other
+common values are 54/59 for PAL and SECAM, 11/10 for NTSC sampled
+according to [<xref linkend="itu601" />].</para></entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <!-- NB this table is duplicated in the overlay chapter. -->
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-rect-crop">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_rect</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__s32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>left</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Horizontal offset of the top, left corner of the
+rectangle, in pixels.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__s32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>top</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Vertical offset of the top, left corner of the
+rectangle, in pixels.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__s32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>width</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Width of the rectangle, in pixels.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__s32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>height</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Height of the rectangle, in pixels. Width
+and height cannot be negative, the fields are signed for
+hysterical reasons. <!-- video4linux-list@redhat.com
+on 22 Oct 2002 subject "Re:[V4L][patches!] Re:v4l2/kernel-2.5" -->
+</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-cropcap; <structfield>type</structfield> is
+invalid or the ioctl is not supported. This is not permitted for
+video capture, output and overlay devices, which must support
+<constant>VIDIOC_CROPCAP</constant>.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-dbg-g-chip-ident.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-dbg-g-chip-ident.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..4a09e203af0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-dbg-g-chip-ident.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,275 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-dbg-g-chip-ident">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_DBG_G_CHIP_IDENT</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_DBG_G_CHIP_IDENT</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Identify the chips on a TV card</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_dbg_chip_ident
+*<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_DBG_G_CHIP_IDENT</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <note>
+      <title>Experimental</title>
+
+      <para>This is an <link
+linkend="experimental">experimental</link> interface and may change in
+the future.</para>
+    </note>
+
+    <para>For driver debugging purposes this ioctl allows test
+applications to query the driver about the chips present on the TV
+card. Regular applications must not use it. When you found a chip
+specific bug, please contact the linux-media mailing list (&v4l-ml;)
+so it can be fixed.</para>
+
+    <para>To query the driver applications must initialize the
+<structfield>match.type</structfield> and
+<structfield>match.addr</structfield> or <structfield>match.name</structfield>
+fields of a &v4l2-dbg-chip-ident;
+and call <constant>VIDIOC_DBG_G_CHIP_IDENT</constant> with a pointer to
+this structure. On success the driver stores information about the
+selected chip in the <structfield>ident</structfield> and
+<structfield>revision</structfield> fields. On failure the structure
+remains unchanged.</para>
+
+    <para>When <structfield>match.type</structfield> is
+<constant>V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_HOST</constant>,
+<structfield>match.addr</structfield> selects the nth non-&i2c; chip
+on the TV card. You can enumerate all chips by starting at zero and
+incrementing <structfield>match.addr</structfield> by one until
+<constant>VIDIOC_DBG_G_CHIP_IDENT</constant> fails with an &EINVAL;.
+The number zero always selects the host chip, &eg; the chip connected
+to the PCI or USB bus.</para>
+
+    <para>When <structfield>match.type</structfield> is
+<constant>V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_I2C_DRIVER</constant>,
+<structfield>match.name</structfield> contains the I2C driver name.
+For instance
+<constant>"saa7127"</constant> will match any chip
+supported by the saa7127 driver, regardless of its &i2c; bus address.
+When multiple chips supported by the same driver are present, the
+ioctl will return <constant>V4L2_IDENT_AMBIGUOUS</constant> in the
+<structfield>ident</structfield> field.</para>
+
+    <para>When <structfield>match.type</structfield> is
+<constant>V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_I2C_ADDR</constant>,
+<structfield>match.addr</structfield> selects a chip by its 7 bit
+&i2c; bus address.</para>
+
+    <para>When <structfield>match.type</structfield> is
+<constant>V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_AC97</constant>,
+<structfield>match.addr</structfield> selects the nth AC97 chip
+on the TV card. You can enumerate all chips by starting at zero and
+incrementing <structfield>match.addr</structfield> by one until
+<constant>VIDIOC_DBG_G_CHIP_IDENT</constant> fails with an &EINVAL;.</para>
+
+    <para>On success, the <structfield>ident</structfield> field will
+contain a chip ID from the Linux
+<filename>media/v4l2-chip-ident.h</filename> header file, and the
+<structfield>revision</structfield> field will contain a driver
+specific value, or zero if no particular revision is associated with
+this chip.</para>
+
+    <para>When the driver could not identify the selected chip,
+<structfield>ident</structfield> will contain
+<constant>V4L2_IDENT_UNKNOWN</constant>. When no chip matched
+the ioctl will succeed but the
+<structfield>ident</structfield> field will contain
+<constant>V4L2_IDENT_NONE</constant>. If multiple chips matched,
+<structfield>ident</structfield> will contain
+<constant>V4L2_IDENT_AMBIGUOUS</constant>. In all these cases the
+<structfield>revision</structfield> field remains unchanged.</para>
+
+    <para>This ioctl is optional, not all drivers may support it. It
+was introduced in Linux 2.6.21, but the API was changed to the
+one described here in 2.6.29.</para>
+
+    <para>We recommended the <application>v4l2-dbg</application>
+utility over calling this ioctl directly. It is available from the
+LinuxTV v4l-dvb repository; see <ulink
+url="http://linuxtv.org/repo/">http://linuxtv.org/repo/</ulink> for
+access instructions.</para>
+
+    <!-- Note for convenience vidioc-dbg-g-register.sgml
+         contains a duplicate of this table. -->
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="ident-v4l2-dbg-match">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_dbg_match</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="4">
+        &cs-ustr;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>See <xref linkend="ident-chip-match-types" /> for a list of
+possible types.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>union</entry>
+            <entry>(anonymous)</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>addr</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Match a chip by this number, interpreted according
+to the <structfield>type</structfield> field.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>char</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>name[32]</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Match a chip by this name, interpreted according
+to the <structfield>type</structfield> field.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-dbg-chip-ident">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_dbg_chip_ident</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>struct v4l2_dbg_match</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>match</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>How to match the chip, see <xref linkend="ident-v4l2-dbg-match" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>ident</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>A chip identifier as defined in the Linux
+<filename>media/v4l2-chip-ident.h</filename> header file, or one of
+the values from <xref linkend="chip-ids" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>revision</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>A chip revision, chip and driver specific.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <!-- Note for convenience vidioc-dbg-g-register.sgml
+         contains a duplicate of this table. -->
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="ident-chip-match-types">
+      <title>Chip Match Types</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_HOST</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>Match the nth chip on the card, zero for the
+            host chip. Does not match &i2c; chips.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_I2C_DRIVER</constant></entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>Match an &i2c; chip by its driver name.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_I2C_ADDR</constant></entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>Match a chip by its 7 bit &i2c; bus address.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_AC97</constant></entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>Match the nth anciliary AC97 chip.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <!-- This is an anonymous enum in media/v4l2-chip-ident.h. -->
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="chip-ids">
+      <title>Chip Identifiers</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_IDENT_NONE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>No chip matched.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_IDENT_AMBIGUOUS</constant></entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>Multiple chips matched.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_IDENT_UNKNOWN</constant></entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>A chip is present at this address, but the driver
+could not identify it.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The driver does not support this ioctl, or the
+<structfield>match_type</structfield> is invalid.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+     </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-dbg-g-register.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-dbg-g-register.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..980c7f3e2fd6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-dbg-g-register.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,275 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-dbg-g-register">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_DBG_G_REGISTER, VIDIOC_DBG_S_REGISTER</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_DBG_G_REGISTER</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_DBG_S_REGISTER</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Read or write hardware registers</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_dbg_register *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>const struct v4l2_dbg_register
+*<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_DBG_G_REGISTER, VIDIOC_DBG_S_REGISTER</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <note>
+      <title>Experimental</title>
+
+      <para>This is an <link linkend="experimental">experimental</link>
+interface and may change in the future.</para>
+    </note>
+
+    <para>For driver debugging purposes these ioctls allow test
+applications to access hardware registers directly. Regular
+applications must not use them.</para>
+
+    <para>Since writing or even reading registers can jeopardize the
+system security, its stability and damage the hardware, both ioctls
+require superuser privileges. Additionally the Linux kernel must be
+compiled with the <constant>CONFIG_VIDEO_ADV_DEBUG</constant> option
+to enable these ioctls.</para>
+
+    <para>To write a register applications must initialize all fields
+of a &v4l2-dbg-register; and call
+<constant>VIDIOC_DBG_S_REGISTER</constant> with a pointer to this
+structure. The <structfield>match.type</structfield> and
+<structfield>match.addr</structfield> or <structfield>match.name</structfield>
+fields select a chip on the TV
+card, the <structfield>reg</structfield> field specifies a register
+number and the <structfield>val</structfield> field the value to be
+written into the register.</para>
+
+    <para>To read a register applications must initialize the
+<structfield>match.type</structfield>,
+<structfield>match.chip</structfield> or <structfield>match.name</structfield> and
+<structfield>reg</structfield> fields, and call
+<constant>VIDIOC_DBG_G_REGISTER</constant> with a pointer to this
+structure. On success the driver stores the register value in the
+<structfield>val</structfield> field. On failure the structure remains
+unchanged.</para>
+
+    <para>When <structfield>match.type</structfield> is
+<constant>V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_HOST</constant>,
+<structfield>match.addr</structfield> selects the nth non-&i2c; chip
+on the TV card.  The number zero always selects the host chip, &eg; the
+chip connected to the PCI or USB bus. You can find out which chips are
+present with the &VIDIOC-DBG-G-CHIP-IDENT; ioctl.</para>
+
+    <para>When <structfield>match.type</structfield> is
+<constant>V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_I2C_DRIVER</constant>,
+<structfield>match.name</structfield> contains the I2C driver name.
+For instance
+<constant>"saa7127"</constant> will match any chip
+supported by the saa7127 driver, regardless of its &i2c; bus address.
+When multiple chips supported by the same driver are present, the
+effect of these ioctls is undefined. Again with the
+&VIDIOC-DBG-G-CHIP-IDENT; ioctl you can find out which &i2c; chips are
+present.</para>
+
+    <para>When <structfield>match.type</structfield> is
+<constant>V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_I2C_ADDR</constant>,
+<structfield>match.addr</structfield> selects a chip by its 7 bit &i2c;
+bus address.</para>
+
+    <para>When <structfield>match.type</structfield> is
+<constant>V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_AC97</constant>,
+<structfield>match.addr</structfield> selects the nth AC97 chip
+on the TV card.</para>
+
+    <note>
+      <title>Success not guaranteed</title>
+
+      <para>Due to a flaw in the Linux &i2c; bus driver these ioctls may
+return successfully without actually reading or writing a register. To
+catch the most likely failure we recommend a &VIDIOC-DBG-G-CHIP-IDENT;
+call confirming the presence of the selected &i2c; chip.</para>
+    </note>
+
+    <para>These ioctls are optional, not all drivers may support them.
+However when a driver supports these ioctls it must also support
+&VIDIOC-DBG-G-CHIP-IDENT;. Conversely it may support
+<constant>VIDIOC_DBG_G_CHIP_IDENT</constant> but not these ioctls.</para>
+
+    <para><constant>VIDIOC_DBG_G_REGISTER</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_DBG_S_REGISTER</constant> were introduced in Linux
+2.6.21, but their API was changed to the one described here in kernel 2.6.29.</para>
+
+    <para>We recommended the <application>v4l2-dbg</application>
+utility over calling these ioctls directly. It is available from the
+LinuxTV v4l-dvb repository; see <ulink
+url="http://linuxtv.org/repo/">http://linuxtv.org/repo/</ulink> for
+access instructions.</para>
+
+    <!-- Note for convenience vidioc-dbg-g-chip-ident.sgml
+         contains a duplicate of this table. -->
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-dbg-match">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_dbg_match</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="4">
+        &cs-ustr;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>See <xref linkend="ident-chip-match-types" /> for a list of
+possible types.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>union</entry>
+            <entry>(anonymous)</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>addr</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Match a chip by this number, interpreted according
+to the <structfield>type</structfield> field.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>char</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>name[32]</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Match a chip by this name, interpreted according
+to the <structfield>type</structfield> field.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-dbg-register">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_dbg_register</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="4">
+        <colspec colname="c1" />
+        <colspec colname="c2" />
+        <colspec colname="c4" />
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>struct v4l2_dbg_match</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>match</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>How to match the chip, see <xref linkend="v4l2-dbg-match" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u64</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reg</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>A register number.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u64</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>val</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The value read from, or to be written into the
+register.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <!-- Note for convenience vidioc-dbg-g-chip-ident.sgml
+         contains a duplicate of this table. -->
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="chip-match-types">
+      <title>Chip Match Types</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_HOST</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>Match the nth chip on the card, zero for the
+            host chip. Does not match &i2c; chips.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_I2C_DRIVER</constant></entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>Match an &i2c; chip by its driver name.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_I2C_ADDR</constant></entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>Match a chip by its 7 bit &i2c; bus address.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CHIP_MATCH_AC97</constant></entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>Match the nth anciliary AC97 chip.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The driver does not support this ioctl, or the kernel
+was not compiled with the <constant>CONFIG_VIDEO_ADV_DEBUG</constant>
+option, or the <structfield>match_type</structfield> is invalid, or the
+selected chip or register does not exist.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EPERM</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Insufficient permissions. Root privileges are required
+to execute these ioctls.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-encoder-cmd.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-encoder-cmd.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b0dde943825c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-encoder-cmd.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-encoder-cmd">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_ENCODER_CMD, VIDIOC_TRY_ENCODER_CMD</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_ENCODER_CMD</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_TRY_ENCODER_CMD</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Execute an encoder command</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_encoder_cmd *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_ENCODER_CMD, VIDIOC_TRY_ENCODER_CMD</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <note>
+      <title>Experimental</title>
+
+      <para>This is an <link linkend="experimental">experimental</link>
+interface and may change in the future.</para>
+    </note>
+
+    <para>These ioctls control an audio/video (usually MPEG-) encoder.
+<constant>VIDIOC_ENCODER_CMD</constant> sends a command to the
+encoder, <constant>VIDIOC_TRY_ENCODER_CMD</constant> can be used to
+try a command without actually executing it.</para>
+
+    <para>To send a command applications must initialize all fields of a
+    &v4l2-encoder-cmd; and call
+    <constant>VIDIOC_ENCODER_CMD</constant> or
+    <constant>VIDIOC_TRY_ENCODER_CMD</constant> with a pointer to this
+    structure.</para>
+
+    <para>The <structfield>cmd</structfield> field must contain the
+command code. The <structfield>flags</structfield> field is currently
+only used by the STOP command and contains one bit: If the
+<constant>V4L2_ENC_CMD_STOP_AT_GOP_END</constant> flag is set,
+encoding will continue until the end of the current <wordasword>Group
+Of Pictures</wordasword>, otherwise it will stop immediately.</para>
+
+    <para>A <function>read</function>() call sends a START command to
+the encoder if it has not been started yet. After a STOP command,
+<function>read</function>() calls will read the remaining data
+buffered by the driver. When the buffer is empty,
+<function>read</function>() will return zero and the next
+<function>read</function>() call will restart the encoder.</para>
+
+    <para>A <function>close</function>() call sends an immediate STOP
+to the encoder, and all buffered data is discarded.</para>
+
+    <para>These ioctls are optional, not all drivers may support
+them. They were introduced in Linux 2.6.21.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-encoder-cmd">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_encoder_cmd</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>cmd</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The encoder command, see <xref linkend="encoder-cmds" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>flags</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Flags to go with the command, see <xref
+                linkend="encoder-flags" />. If no flags are defined for
+this command, drivers and applications must set this field to
+zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>data</structfield>[8]</entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions. Drivers and
+applications must set the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="encoder-cmds">
+      <title>Encoder Commands</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_ENC_CMD_START</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>Start the encoder. When the encoder is already
+running or paused, this command does nothing. No flags are defined for
+this command.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_ENC_CMD_STOP</constant></entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>Stop the encoder. When the
+<constant>V4L2_ENC_CMD_STOP_AT_GOP_END</constant> flag is set,
+encoding will continue until the end of the current <wordasword>Group
+Of Pictures</wordasword>, otherwise encoding will stop immediately.
+When the encoder is already stopped, this command does
+nothing.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_ENC_CMD_PAUSE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>Pause the encoder. When the encoder has not been
+started yet, the driver will return an &EPERM;. When the encoder is
+already paused, this command does nothing. No flags are defined for
+this command.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_ENC_CMD_RESUME</constant></entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>Resume encoding after a PAUSE command. When the
+encoder has not been started yet, the driver will return an &EPERM;.
+When the encoder is already running, this command does nothing. No
+flags are defined for this command.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="encoder-flags">
+      <title>Encoder Command Flags</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_ENC_CMD_STOP_AT_GOP_END</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0001</entry>
+            <entry>Stop encoding at the end of the current <wordasword>Group Of
+Pictures</wordasword>, rather than immediately.</entry>
+          </row>
+       </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The driver does not support this ioctl, or the
+<structfield>cmd</structfield> field is invalid.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EPERM</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The application sent a PAUSE or RESUME command when
+the encoder was not running.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enum-fmt.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enum-fmt.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..960d44615ca6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enum-fmt.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-enum-fmt">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Enumerate image formats</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_fmtdesc
+*<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To enumerate image formats applications initialize the
+<structfield>type</structfield> and <structfield>index</structfield>
+field of &v4l2-fmtdesc; and call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT</constant> ioctl with a pointer to this
+structure. Drivers fill the rest of the structure or return an
+&EINVAL;. All formats are enumerable by beginning at index zero and
+incrementing by one until <errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode> is
+returned.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-fmtdesc">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_fmtdesc</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>index</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Number of the format in the enumeration, set by
+the application. This is in no way related to the <structfield>
+pixelformat</structfield> field.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-buf-type;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Type of the data stream, set by the application.
+Only these types are valid here:
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OVERLAY</constant>, and custom (driver
+defined) types with code <constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_PRIVATE</constant>
+and higher.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>flags</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>See <xref linkend="fmtdesc-flags" /></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>description</structfield>[32]</entry>
+            <entry>Description of the format, a NUL-terminated ASCII
+string. This information is intended for the user, for example: "YUV
+4:2:2".</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>pixelformat</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The image format identifier. This is a
+four character code as computed by the v4l2_fourcc()
+macro:</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="hspan"><para><programlisting id="v4l2-fourcc">
+#define v4l2_fourcc(a,b,c,d) (((__u32)(a)&lt;&lt;0)|((__u32)(b)&lt;&lt;8)|((__u32)(c)&lt;&lt;16)|((__u32)(d)&lt;&lt;24))
+</programlisting></para><para>Several image formats are already
+defined by this specification in <xref linkend="pixfmt" />. Note these
+codes are not the same as those used in the Windows world.</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[4]</entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions. Drivers must set
+the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="fmtdesc-flags">
+      <title>Image Format Description Flags</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FMT_FLAG_COMPRESSED</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0001</entry>
+            <entry>This is a compressed format.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FMT_FLAG_EMULATED</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0002</entry>
+            <entry>This format is not native to the device but emulated
+through software (usually libv4l2), where possible try to use a native format
+instead for better performance.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-fmtdesc; <structfield>type</structfield>
+is not supported or the <structfield>index</structfield> is out of
+bounds.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enum-frameintervals.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enum-frameintervals.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..3c216e113a54
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enum-frameintervals.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,270 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-enum-frameintervals">
+
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMEINTERVALS</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMEINTERVALS</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Enumerate frame intervals</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_frmivalenum *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMEINTERVALS</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Pointer to a &v4l2-frmivalenum; structure that
+contains a pixel format and size and receives a frame interval.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>This ioctl allows applications to enumerate all frame
+intervals that the device supports for the given pixel format and
+frame size.</para>
+    <para>The supported pixel formats and frame sizes can be obtained
+by using the &VIDIOC-ENUM-FMT; and &VIDIOC-ENUM-FRAMESIZES;
+functions.</para>
+    <para>The return value and the content of the
+<structfield>v4l2_frmivalenum.type</structfield> field depend on the
+type of frame intervals the device supports. Here are the semantics of
+the function for the different cases:</para>
+    <itemizedlist>
+      <listitem>
+        <para><emphasis role="bold">Discrete:</emphasis> The function
+returns success if the given index value (zero-based) is valid. The
+application should increase the index by one for each call until
+<constant>EINVAL</constant> is returned. The `v4l2_frmivalenum.type`
+field is set to `V4L2_FRMIVAL_TYPE_DISCRETE` by the driver. Of the
+union only the `discrete` member is valid.</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para><emphasis role="bold">Step-wise:</emphasis> The function
+returns success if the given index value is zero and
+<constant>EINVAL</constant> for any other index value. The
+<structfield>v4l2_frmivalenum.type</structfield> field is set to
+<constant>V4L2_FRMIVAL_TYPE_STEPWISE</constant> by the driver. Of the
+union only the <structfield>stepwise</structfield> member is
+valid.</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para><emphasis role="bold">Continuous:</emphasis> This is a
+special case of the step-wise type above. The function returns success
+if the given index value is zero and <constant>EINVAL</constant> for
+any other index value. The
+<structfield>v4l2_frmivalenum.type</structfield> field is set to
+<constant>V4L2_FRMIVAL_TYPE_CONTINUOUS</constant> by the driver. Of
+the union only the <structfield>stepwise</structfield> member is valid
+and the <structfield>step</structfield> value is set to 1.</para>
+      </listitem>
+    </itemizedlist>
+
+    <para>When the application calls the function with index zero, it
+must check the <structfield>type</structfield> field to determine the
+type of frame interval enumeration the device supports. Only for the
+<constant>V4L2_FRMIVAL_TYPE_DISCRETE</constant> type does it make
+sense to increase the index value to receive more frame
+intervals.</para>
+    <para>Note that the order in which the frame intervals are
+returned has no special meaning. In particular does it not say
+anything about potential default frame intervals.</para>
+    <para>Applications can assume that the enumeration data does not
+change without any interaction from the application itself. This means
+that the enumeration data is consistent if the application does not
+perform any other ioctl calls while it runs the frame interval
+enumeration.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Notes</title>
+
+    <itemizedlist>
+      <listitem>
+        <para><emphasis role="bold">Frame intervals and frame
+rates:</emphasis> The V4L2 API uses frame intervals instead of frame
+rates. Given the frame interval the frame rate can be computed as
+follows:<screen>frame_rate = 1 / frame_interval</screen></para>
+      </listitem>
+    </itemizedlist>
+
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Structs</title>
+
+    <para>In the structs below, <emphasis>IN</emphasis> denotes a
+value that has to be filled in by the application,
+<emphasis>OUT</emphasis> denotes values that the driver fills in. The
+application should zero out all members except for the
+<emphasis>IN</emphasis> fields.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-frmival-stepwise">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_frmival_stepwise</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-fract;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>min</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Minimum frame interval [s].</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-fract;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>max</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Maximum frame interval [s].</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-fract;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>step</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Frame interval step size [s].</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-frmivalenum">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_frmivalenum</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="4">
+        <colspec colname="c1" />
+        <colspec colname="c2" />
+        <colspec colname="c3" />
+        <colspec colname="c4" />
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>index</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>IN: Index of the given frame interval in the
+enumeration.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>pixel_format</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>IN: Pixel format for which the frame intervals are
+enumerated.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>width</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>IN: Frame width for which the frame intervals are
+enumerated.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>height</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>IN: Frame height for which the frame intervals are
+enumerated.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>OUT: Frame interval type the device supports.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>union</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>OUT: Frame interval with the given index.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>&v4l2-fract;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>discrete</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Frame interval [s].</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>&v4l2-frmival-stepwise;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>stepwise</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved[2]</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Reserved space for future use.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Enums</title>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-frmivaltypes">
+      <title>enum <structname>v4l2_frmivaltypes</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FRMIVAL_TYPE_DISCRETE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>Discrete frame interval.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FRMIVAL_TYPE_CONTINUOUS</constant></entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>Continuous frame interval.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FRMIVAL_TYPE_STEPWISE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>Step-wise defined frame interval.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <para>See the description section above for a list of return
+values that <varname>errno</varname> can have.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enum-framesizes.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enum-framesizes.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..6afa4542c818
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enum-framesizes.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,282 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-enum-framesizes">
+
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMESIZES</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMESIZES</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Enumerate frame sizes</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_frmsizeenum *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMESIZES</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Pointer to a &v4l2-frmsizeenum; that contains an index
+and pixel format and receives a frame width and height.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <note>
+      <title>Experimental</title>
+
+      <para>This is an <link linkend="experimental">experimental</link>
+interface and may change in the future.</para>
+    </note>
+
+    <para>This ioctl allows applications to enumerate all frame sizes
+(&ie; width and height in pixels) that the device supports for the
+given pixel format.</para>
+    <para>The supported pixel formats can be obtained by using the
+&VIDIOC-ENUM-FMT; function.</para>
+    <para>The return value and the content of the
+<structfield>v4l2_frmsizeenum.type</structfield> field depend on the
+type of frame sizes the device supports. Here are the semantics of the
+function for the different cases:</para>
+
+    <itemizedlist>
+      <listitem>
+        <para><emphasis role="bold">Discrete:</emphasis> The function
+returns success if the given index value (zero-based) is valid. The
+application should increase the index by one for each call until
+<constant>EINVAL</constant> is returned. The
+<structfield>v4l2_frmsizeenum.type</structfield> field is set to
+<constant>V4L2_FRMSIZE_TYPE_DISCRETE</constant> by the driver. Of the
+union only the <structfield>discrete</structfield> member is
+valid.</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para><emphasis role="bold">Step-wise:</emphasis> The function
+returns success if the given index value is zero and
+<constant>EINVAL</constant> for any other index value. The
+<structfield>v4l2_frmsizeenum.type</structfield> field is set to
+<constant>V4L2_FRMSIZE_TYPE_STEPWISE</constant> by the driver. Of the
+union only the <structfield>stepwise</structfield> member is
+valid.</para>
+      </listitem>
+      <listitem>
+        <para><emphasis role="bold">Continuous:</emphasis> This is a
+special case of the step-wise type above. The function returns success
+if the given index value is zero and <constant>EINVAL</constant> for
+any other index value. The
+<structfield>v4l2_frmsizeenum.type</structfield> field is set to
+<constant>V4L2_FRMSIZE_TYPE_CONTINUOUS</constant> by the driver. Of
+the union only the <structfield>stepwise</structfield> member is valid
+and the <structfield>step_width</structfield> and
+<structfield>step_height</structfield> values are set to 1.</para>
+      </listitem>
+    </itemizedlist>
+
+    <para>When the application calls the function with index zero, it
+must check the <structfield>type</structfield> field to determine the
+type of frame size enumeration the device supports. Only for the
+<constant>V4L2_FRMSIZE_TYPE_DISCRETE</constant> type does it make
+sense to increase the index value to receive more frame sizes.</para>
+    <para>Note that the order in which the frame sizes are returned
+has no special meaning. In particular does it not say anything about
+potential default format sizes.</para>
+    <para>Applications can assume that the enumeration data does not
+change without any interaction from the application itself. This means
+that the enumeration data is consistent if the application does not
+perform any other ioctl calls while it runs the frame size
+enumeration.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Structs</title>
+
+    <para>In the structs below, <emphasis>IN</emphasis> denotes a
+value that has to be filled in by the application,
+<emphasis>OUT</emphasis> denotes values that the driver fills in. The
+application should zero out all members except for the
+<emphasis>IN</emphasis> fields.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-frmsize-discrete">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_frmsize_discrete</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>width</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Width of the frame [pixel].</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>height</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Height of the frame [pixel].</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-frmsize-stepwise">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_frmsize_stepwise</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>min_width</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Minimum frame width [pixel].</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>max_width</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Maximum frame width [pixel].</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>step_width</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Frame width step size [pixel].</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>min_height</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Minimum frame height [pixel].</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>max_height</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Maximum frame height [pixel].</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>step_height</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Frame height step size [pixel].</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-frmsizeenum">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_frmsizeenum</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="4">
+        <colspec colname="c1" />
+        <colspec colname="c2" />
+        <colspec colname="c3" />
+        <colspec colname="c4" />
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>index</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>IN: Index of the given frame size in the enumeration.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>pixel_format</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>IN: Pixel format for which the frame sizes are enumerated.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>OUT: Frame size type the device supports.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>union</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>OUT: Frame size with the given index.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>&v4l2-frmsize-discrete;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>discrete</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>&v4l2-frmsize-stepwise;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>stepwise</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved[2]</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Reserved space for future use.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Enums</title>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-frmsizetypes">
+      <title>enum <structname>v4l2_frmsizetypes</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FRMSIZE_TYPE_DISCRETE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>Discrete frame size.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FRMSIZE_TYPE_CONTINUOUS</constant></entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>Continuous frame size.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FRMSIZE_TYPE_STEPWISE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>Step-wise defined frame size.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <para>See the description section above for a list of return
+values that <varname>errno</varname> can have.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enumaudio.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enumaudio.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..9ae8f2d3a96f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enumaudio.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-enumaudio">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_ENUMAUDIO</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_ENUMAUDIO</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Enumerate audio inputs</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_audio *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_ENUMAUDIO</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To query the attributes of an audio input applications
+initialize the <structfield>index</structfield> field and zero out the
+<structfield>reserved</structfield> array of a &v4l2-audio;
+and call the <constant>VIDIOC_ENUMAUDIO</constant> ioctl with a pointer
+to this structure. Drivers fill the rest of the structure or return an
+&EINVAL; when the index is out of bounds. To enumerate all audio
+inputs applications shall begin at index zero, incrementing by one
+until the driver returns <errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode>.</para>
+
+    <para>See <xref linkend="vidioc-g-audio" /> for a description of
+&v4l2-audio;.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The number of the audio input is out of bounds, or
+there are no audio inputs at all and this ioctl is not
+supported.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enumaudioout.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enumaudioout.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..d3d7c0ab17b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enumaudioout.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-enumaudioout">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_ENUMAUDOUT</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_ENUMAUDOUT</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Enumerate audio outputs</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_audioout *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_ENUMAUDOUT</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To query the attributes of an audio output applications
+initialize the <structfield>index</structfield> field and zero out the
+<structfield>reserved</structfield> array of a &v4l2-audioout; and
+call the <constant>VIDIOC_G_AUDOUT</constant> ioctl with a pointer
+to this structure. Drivers fill the rest of the structure or return an
+&EINVAL; when the index is out of bounds. To enumerate all audio
+outputs applications shall begin at index zero, incrementing by one
+until the driver returns <errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode>.</para>
+
+    <para>Note connectors on a TV card to loop back the received audio
+signal to a sound card are not audio outputs in this sense.</para>
+
+    <para>See <xref linkend="vidioc-g-audioout" /> for a description of
+&v4l2-audioout;.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The number of the audio output is out of bounds, or
+there are no audio outputs at all and this ioctl is not
+supported.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enuminput.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enuminput.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..414856b82473
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enuminput.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,287 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-enuminput">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_ENUMINPUT</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_ENUMINPUT</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Enumerate video inputs</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_input
+*<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_ENUMINPUT</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To query the attributes of a video input applications
+initialize the <structfield>index</structfield> field of &v4l2-input;
+and call the <constant>VIDIOC_ENUMINPUT</constant> ioctl with a
+pointer to this structure. Drivers fill the rest of the structure or
+return an &EINVAL; when the index is out of bounds. To enumerate all
+inputs applications shall begin at index zero, incrementing by one
+until the driver returns <errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode>.</para>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-input">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_input</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>index</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Identifies the input, set by the
+application.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>name</structfield>[32]</entry>
+            <entry>Name of the video input, a NUL-terminated ASCII
+string, for example: "Vin (Composite 2)". This information is intended
+for the user, preferably the connector label on the device itself.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Type of the input, see <xref
+                linkend="input-type" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>audioset</structfield></entry>
+            <entry><para>Drivers can enumerate up to 32 video and
+audio inputs. This field shows which audio inputs were selectable as
+audio source if this was the currently selected video input. It is a
+bit mask. The LSB corresponds to audio input 0, the MSB to input 31.
+Any number of bits can be set, or none.</para><para>When the driver
+does not enumerate audio inputs no bits must be set. Applications
+shall not interpret this as lack of audio support. Some drivers
+automatically select audio sources and do not enumerate them since
+there is no choice anyway.</para><para>For details on audio inputs and
+how to select the current input see <xref
+                  linkend="audio" />.</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>tuner</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Capture devices can have zero or more tuners (RF
+demodulators). When the <structfield>type</structfield> is set to
+<constant>V4L2_INPUT_TYPE_TUNER</constant> this is an RF connector and
+this field identifies the tuner. It corresponds to
+&v4l2-tuner; field <structfield>index</structfield>. For details on
+tuners see <xref linkend="tuner" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-std-id;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>std</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Every video input supports one or more different
+video standards. This field is a set of all supported standards. For
+details on video standards and how to switch see <xref
+linkend="standard" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>status</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>This field provides status information about the
+input. See <xref linkend="input-status" /> for flags.
+With the exception of the sensor orientation bits <structfield>status</structfield> is only valid when this is the
+current input.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[4]</entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions. Drivers must set
+the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="input-type">
+      <title>Input Types</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_INPUT_TYPE_TUNER</constant></entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>This input uses a tuner (RF demodulator).</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_INPUT_TYPE_CAMERA</constant></entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>Analog baseband input, for example CVBS /
+Composite Video, S-Video, RGB.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <!-- Status flags based on proposal by Mark McClelland,
+video4linux-list@redhat.com on 18 Oct 2002, subject "Re: [V4L] Re:
+v4l2 api". "Why are some of them inverted? So that the driver doesn't
+have to lie about the status in cases where it can't tell one way or
+the other. Plus, a status of zero would generally mean that everything
+is OK." -->
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="input-status">
+      <title>Input Status Flags</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        <colspec colname="c1" />
+        <colspec colname="c2" align="center" />
+        <colspec colname="c3" />
+        <spanspec namest="c1" nameend="c3" spanname="hspan"
+          align="left" />
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">General</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_IN_ST_NO_POWER</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00000001</entry>
+            <entry>Attached device is off.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_IN_ST_NO_SIGNAL</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00000002</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_IN_ST_NO_COLOR</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00000004</entry>
+            <entry>The hardware supports color decoding, but does not
+detect color modulation in the signal.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">Sensor Orientation</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_IN_ST_HFLIP</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00000010</entry>
+            <entry>The input is connected to a device that produces a signal
+that is flipped horizontally and does not correct this before passing the
+signal to userspace.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_IN_ST_VFLIP</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00000020</entry>
+            <entry>The input is connected to a device that produces a signal
+that is flipped vertically and does not correct this before passing the
+signal to userspace. Note that a 180 degree rotation is the same as HFLIP | VFLIP</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">Analog Video</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_IN_ST_NO_H_LOCK</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00000100</entry>
+            <entry>No horizontal sync lock.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_IN_ST_COLOR_KILL</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00000200</entry>
+            <entry>A color killer circuit automatically disables color
+decoding when it detects no color modulation. When this flag is set
+the color killer is enabled <emphasis>and</emphasis> has shut off
+color decoding.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">Digital Video</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_IN_ST_NO_SYNC</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00010000</entry>
+            <entry>No synchronization lock.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_IN_ST_NO_EQU</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00020000</entry>
+            <entry>No equalizer lock.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_IN_ST_NO_CARRIER</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00040000</entry>
+            <entry>Carrier recovery failed.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">VCR and Set-Top Box</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_IN_ST_MACROVISION</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x01000000</entry>
+            <entry>Macrovision is an analog copy prevention system
+mangling the video signal to confuse video recorders. When this
+flag is set Macrovision has been detected.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_IN_ST_NO_ACCESS</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x02000000</entry>
+            <entry>Conditional access denied.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_IN_ST_VTR</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x04000000</entry>
+            <entry>VTR time constant. [?]</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-input; <structfield>index</structfield> is
+out of bounds.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enumoutput.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enumoutput.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e8d16dcd50cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enumoutput.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-enumoutput">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_ENUMOUTPUT</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_ENUMOUTPUT</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Enumerate video outputs</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_output *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_ENUMOUTPUT</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To query the attributes of a video outputs applications
+initialize the <structfield>index</structfield> field of &v4l2-output;
+and call the <constant>VIDIOC_ENUMOUTPUT</constant> ioctl with a
+pointer to this structure. Drivers fill the rest of the structure or
+return an &EINVAL; when the index is out of bounds. To enumerate all
+outputs applications shall begin at index zero, incrementing by one
+until the driver returns <errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode>.</para>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-output">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_output</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>index</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Identifies the output, set by the
+application.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>name</structfield>[32]</entry>
+            <entry>Name of the video output, a NUL-terminated ASCII
+string, for example: "Vout". This information is intended for the
+user, preferably the connector label on the device itself.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Type of the output, see <xref
+                linkend="output-type" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>audioset</structfield></entry>
+            <entry><para>Drivers can enumerate up to 32 video and
+audio outputs. This field shows which audio outputs were
+selectable as the current output if this was the currently selected
+video output. It is a bit mask. The LSB corresponds to audio output 0,
+the MSB to output 31. Any number of bits can be set, or
+none.</para><para>When the driver does not enumerate audio outputs no
+bits must be set. Applications shall not interpret this as lack of
+audio support. Drivers may automatically select audio outputs without
+enumerating them.</para><para>For details on audio outputs and how to
+select the current output see <xref linkend="audio" />.</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>modulator</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Output devices can have zero or more RF modulators.
+When the <structfield>type</structfield> is
+<constant>V4L2_OUTPUT_TYPE_MODULATOR</constant> this is an RF
+connector and this field identifies the modulator. It corresponds to
+&v4l2-modulator; field <structfield>index</structfield>. For details
+on modulators see <xref linkend="tuner" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-std-id;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>std</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Every video output supports one or more different
+video standards. This field is a set of all supported standards. For
+details on video standards and how to switch see <xref
+                linkend="standard" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[4]</entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions. Drivers must set
+the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="output-type">
+      <title>Output Type</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_OUTPUT_TYPE_MODULATOR</constant></entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>This output is an analog TV modulator.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_OUTPUT_TYPE_ANALOG</constant></entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>Analog baseband output, for example Composite /
+CVBS, S-Video, RGB.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_OUTPUT_TYPE_ANALOGVGAOVERLAY</constant></entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>[?]</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+  </refsect1>
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-output; <structfield>index</structfield>
+is out of bounds.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enumstd.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enumstd.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..95803fe2c8e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enumstd.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,391 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-enumstd">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_ENUMSTD</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_ENUMSTD</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Enumerate supported video standards</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_standard *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_ENUMSTD</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To query the attributes of a video standard,
+especially a custom (driver defined) one, applications initialize the
+<structfield>index</structfield> field of &v4l2-standard; and call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_ENUMSTD</constant> ioctl with a pointer to this
+structure. Drivers fill the rest of the structure or return an
+&EINVAL; when the index is out of bounds. To enumerate all standards
+applications shall begin  at index zero, incrementing by one until the
+driver returns <errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode>. Drivers may enumerate a
+different set of standards after switching the video input or
+output.<footnote>
+        <para>The supported standards may overlap and we need an
+unambiguous set to find the current standard returned by
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_STD</constant>.</para>
+      </footnote></para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-standard">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_standard</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>index</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Number of the video standard, set by the
+application.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-std-id;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>id</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The bits in this field identify the standard as
+one of the common standards listed in <xref linkend="v4l2-std-id" />,
+or if bits 32 to 63 are set as custom standards. Multiple bits can be
+set if the hardware does not distinguish between these standards,
+however separate indices do not indicate the opposite. The
+<structfield>id</structfield> must be unique. No other enumerated
+<structname>v4l2_standard</structname> structure, for this input or
+output anyway, can contain the same set of bits.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>name</structfield>[24]</entry>
+            <entry>Name of the standard, a NUL-terminated ASCII
+string, for example: "PAL-B/G", "NTSC Japan". This information is
+intended for the user.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-fract;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>frameperiod</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The frame period (not field period) is numerator
+/ denominator. For example M/NTSC has a frame period of 1001 /
+30000 seconds.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>framelines</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Total lines per frame including blanking,
+e.&nbsp;g. 625 for B/PAL.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[4]</entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions. Drivers must set
+the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-fract">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_fract</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>numerator</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>denominator</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-std-id">
+      <title>typedef <structname>v4l2_std_id</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u64</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>v4l2_std_id</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>This type is a set, each bit representing another
+video standard as listed below and in <xref
+linkend="video-standards" />. The 32 most significant bits are reserved
+for custom (driver defined) video standards.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <para><programlisting>
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_B          ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000001)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_B1         ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000002)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_G          ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000004)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_H          ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000008)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_I          ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000010)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_D          ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000020)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_D1         ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000040)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_K          ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000080)
+
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_M          ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000100)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_N          ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000200)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_Nc         ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000400)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_60         ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000800)
+</programlisting></para><para><constant>V4L2_STD_PAL_60</constant> is
+a hybrid standard with 525 lines, 60 Hz refresh rate, and PAL color
+modulation with a 4.43 MHz color subcarrier. Some PAL video recorders
+can play back NTSC tapes in this mode for display on a 50/60 Hz agnostic
+PAL TV.</para><para><programlisting>
+#define V4L2_STD_NTSC_M         ((v4l2_std_id)0x00001000)
+#define V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_JP      ((v4l2_std_id)0x00002000)
+#define V4L2_STD_NTSC_443       ((v4l2_std_id)0x00004000)
+</programlisting></para><para><constant>V4L2_STD_NTSC_443</constant>
+is a hybrid standard with 525 lines, 60 Hz refresh rate, and NTSC
+color modulation with a 4.43 MHz color
+subcarrier.</para><para><programlisting>
+#define V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_KR      ((v4l2_std_id)0x00008000)
+
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_B        ((v4l2_std_id)0x00010000)
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_D        ((v4l2_std_id)0x00020000)
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_G        ((v4l2_std_id)0x00040000)
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_H        ((v4l2_std_id)0x00080000)
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_K        ((v4l2_std_id)0x00100000)
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_K1       ((v4l2_std_id)0x00200000)
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_L        ((v4l2_std_id)0x00400000)
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_LC       ((v4l2_std_id)0x00800000)
+
+/* ATSC/HDTV */
+#define V4L2_STD_ATSC_8_VSB     ((v4l2_std_id)0x01000000)
+#define V4L2_STD_ATSC_16_VSB    ((v4l2_std_id)0x02000000)
+</programlisting></para><para><!-- ATSC proposal by Mark McClelland,
+video4linux-list@redhat.com on 17 Oct 2002
+--><constant>V4L2_STD_ATSC_8_VSB</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_STD_ATSC_16_VSB</constant> are U.S. terrestrial digital
+TV standards. Presently the V4L2 API does not support digital TV. See
+also the Linux DVB API at <ulink
+url="http://linuxtv.org">http://linuxtv.org</ulink>.</para>
+<para><programlisting>
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_BG         (V4L2_STD_PAL_B         |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_B1        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_G)
+#define V4L2_STD_B              (V4L2_STD_PAL_B         |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_B1        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_B)
+#define V4L2_STD_GH             (V4L2_STD_PAL_G         |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_H         |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_G       |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_H)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL_DK         (V4L2_STD_PAL_D         |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_D1        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_K)
+#define V4L2_STD_PAL            (V4L2_STD_PAL_BG        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_DK        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_H         |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_I)
+#define V4L2_STD_NTSC           (V4L2_STD_NTSC_M        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_JP     |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_KR)
+#define V4L2_STD_MN             (V4L2_STD_PAL_M         |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_N         |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_Nc        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_NTSC)
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM_DK       (V4L2_STD_SECAM_D       |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_K       |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_K1)
+#define V4L2_STD_DK             (V4L2_STD_PAL_DK        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_DK)
+
+#define V4L2_STD_SECAM          (V4L2_STD_SECAM_B       |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_G       |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_H       |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_DK      |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_L       |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM_LC)
+
+#define V4L2_STD_525_60         (V4L2_STD_PAL_M         |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_60        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_NTSC          |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_NTSC_443)
+#define V4L2_STD_625_50         (V4L2_STD_PAL           |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_N         |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_PAL_Nc        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_SECAM)
+
+#define V4L2_STD_UNKNOWN        0
+#define V4L2_STD_ALL            (V4L2_STD_525_60        |\
+                                 V4L2_STD_625_50)
+</programlisting></para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" id="video-standards" orient="land">
+      <title>Video Standards (based on [<xref linkend="itu470" />])</title>
+      <tgroup cols="12" colsep="1" rowsep="1" align="center">
+        <colspec colname="c1" align="left" />
+        <colspec colname="c2" />
+        <colspec colname="c3" />
+        <colspec colname="c4" />
+        <colspec colname="c5" />
+        <colspec colnum="7" colname="c7" />
+        <colspec colnum="9" colname="c9" />
+        <colspec colnum="12" colname="c12" />
+        <spanspec namest="c2" nameend="c3" spanname="m" align="center" />
+        <spanspec namest="c4" nameend="c12" spanname="x" align="center" />
+        <spanspec namest="c5" nameend="c7" spanname="b" align="center" />
+        <spanspec namest="c9" nameend="c12" spanname="s" align="center" />
+        <thead>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Characteristics</entry>
+            <entry><para>M/NTSC<footnote><para>Japan uses a standard
+similar to M/NTSC
+(V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_JP).</para></footnote></para></entry>
+            <entry>M/PAL</entry>
+            <entry><para>N/PAL<footnote><para> The values in
+brackets apply to the combination N/PAL a.k.a.
+N<subscript>C</subscript> used in Argentina
+(V4L2_STD_PAL_Nc).</para></footnote></para></entry>
+            <entry align="center">B, B1, G/PAL</entry>
+            <entry align="center">D, D1, K/PAL</entry>
+            <entry align="center">H/PAL</entry>
+            <entry align="center">I/PAL</entry>
+            <entry align="center">B, G/SECAM</entry>
+            <entry align="center">D, K/SECAM</entry>
+            <entry align="center">K1/SECAM</entry>
+            <entry align="center">L/SECAM</entry>
+          </row>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>Frame lines</entry>
+            <entry spanname="m">525</entry>
+            <entry spanname="x">625</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Frame period (s)</entry>
+            <entry spanname="m">1001/30000</entry>
+            <entry spanname="x">1/25</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Chrominance sub-carrier frequency (Hz)</entry>
+            <entry>3579545 &plusmn;&nbsp;10</entry>
+            <entry>3579611.49 &plusmn;&nbsp;10</entry>
+            <entry>4433618.75 &plusmn;&nbsp;5 (3582056.25
+&plusmn;&nbsp;5)</entry>
+            <entry spanname="b">4433618.75 &plusmn;&nbsp;5</entry>
+            <entry>4433618.75 &plusmn;&nbsp;1</entry>
+            <entry spanname="s">f<subscript>OR</subscript>&nbsp;=
+4406250 &plusmn;&nbsp;2000, f<subscript>OB</subscript>&nbsp;= 4250000
+&plusmn;&nbsp;2000</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Nominal radio-frequency channel bandwidth
+(MHz)</entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>6</entry>
+            <entry>B: 7; B1, G: 8</entry>
+            <entry>8</entry>
+            <entry>8</entry>
+            <entry>8</entry>
+            <entry>8</entry>
+            <entry>8</entry>
+            <entry>8</entry>
+            <entry>8</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Sound carrier relative to vision carrier
+(MHz)</entry>
+            <entry>+&nbsp;4.5</entry>
+            <entry>+&nbsp;4.5</entry>
+            <entry>+&nbsp;4.5</entry>
+            <entry><para>+&nbsp;5.5 &plusmn;&nbsp;0.001
+<footnote><para>In the Federal Republic of Germany, Austria, Italy,
+the Netherlands, Slovakia and Switzerland a system of two sound
+carriers is used, the frequency of the second carrier being
+242.1875&nbsp;kHz above the frequency of the first sound carrier. For
+stereophonic sound transmissions a similar system is used in
+Australia.</para></footnote> <footnote><para>New Zealand uses a sound
+carrier displaced 5.4996 &plusmn;&nbsp;0.0005 MHz from the vision
+carrier.</para></footnote> <footnote><para>In Denmark, Finland, New
+Zealand, Sweden and Spain a system of two sound carriers is used. In
+Iceland, Norway and Poland the same system is being introduced. The
+second carrier is 5.85&nbsp;MHz above the vision carrier and is DQPSK
+modulated with 728&nbsp;kbit/s sound and data multiplex. (NICAM
+system)</para></footnote> <footnote><para>In the United Kingdom, a
+system of two sound carriers is used. The second sound carrier is
+6.552&nbsp;MHz above the vision carrier and is DQPSK modulated with a
+728&nbsp;kbit/s sound and data multiplex able to carry two sound
+channels. (NICAM system)</para></footnote></para></entry>
+            <entry>+&nbsp;6.5 &plusmn;&nbsp;0.001</entry>
+            <entry>+&nbsp;5.5</entry>
+            <entry>+&nbsp;5.9996 &plusmn;&nbsp;0.0005</entry>
+            <entry>+&nbsp;5.5 &plusmn;&nbsp;0.001</entry>
+            <entry>+&nbsp;6.5 &plusmn;&nbsp;0.001</entry>
+            <entry>+&nbsp;6.5</entry>
+            <entry><para>+&nbsp;6.5 <footnote><para>In France, a
+digital carrier 5.85 MHz away from the vision carrier may be used in
+addition to the main sound carrier. It is modulated in differentially
+encoded QPSK with a 728 kbit/s sound and data multiplexer capable of
+carrying two sound channels. (NICAM
+system)</para></footnote></para></entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-standard; <structfield>index</structfield>
+is out of bounds.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-audio.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-audio.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..65361a8c2b05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-audio.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-audio">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_AUDIO, VIDIOC_S_AUDIO</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_AUDIO</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_S_AUDIO</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Query or select the current audio input and its
+attributes</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_audio *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>const struct v4l2_audio *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_AUDIO, VIDIOC_S_AUDIO</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To query the current audio input applications zero out the
+<structfield>reserved</structfield> array of a &v4l2-audio;
+and call the <constant>VIDIOC_G_AUDIO</constant> ioctl with a pointer
+to this structure. Drivers fill the rest of the structure or return an
+&EINVAL; when the device has no audio inputs, or none which combine
+with the current video input.</para>
+
+    <para>Audio inputs have one writable property, the audio mode. To
+select the current audio input <emphasis>and</emphasis> change the
+audio mode, applications initialize the
+<structfield>index</structfield> and <structfield>mode</structfield>
+fields, and the
+<structfield>reserved</structfield> array of a
+<structname>v4l2_audio</structname> structure and call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_AUDIO</constant> ioctl. Drivers may switch to a
+different audio mode if the request cannot be satisfied. However, this
+is a write-only ioctl, it does not return the actual new audio
+mode.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-audio">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_audio</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>index</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Identifies the audio input, set by the
+driver or application.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>name</structfield>[32]</entry>
+            <entry>Name of the audio input, a NUL-terminated ASCII
+string, for example: "Line In". This information is intended for the
+user, preferably the connector label on the device itself.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>capability</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Audio capability flags, see <xref
+                linkend="audio-capability" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>mode</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Audio mode flags set by drivers and applications (on
+            <constant>VIDIOC_S_AUDIO</constant> ioctl), see <xref linkend="audio-mode" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[2]</entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions. Drivers and
+applications must set the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="audio-capability">
+      <title>Audio Capability Flags</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_AUDCAP_STEREO</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00001</entry>
+            <entry>This is a stereo input. The flag is intended to
+automatically disable stereo recording etc. when the signal is always
+monaural. The API provides no means to detect if stereo is
+<emphasis>received</emphasis>, unless the audio input belongs to a
+tuner.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_AUDCAP_AVL</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00002</entry>
+            <entry>Automatic Volume Level mode is supported.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="audio-mode">
+      <title>Audio Mode Flags</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_AUDMODE_AVL</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00001</entry>
+            <entry>AVL mode is on.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>No audio inputs combine with the current video input,
+or the number of the selected audio input is out of bounds or it does
+not combine, or there are no audio inputs at all and the ioctl is not
+supported.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>I/O is in progress, the input cannot be
+switched.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-audioout.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-audioout.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..3632730c5c6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-audioout.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-audioout">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_AUDOUT, VIDIOC_S_AUDOUT</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_AUDOUT</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_S_AUDOUT</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Query or select the current audio output</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_audioout *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>const struct v4l2_audioout *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_AUDOUT, VIDIOC_S_AUDOUT</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To query the current audio output applications zero out the
+<structfield>reserved</structfield> array of a &v4l2-audioout; and
+call the <constant>VIDIOC_G_AUDOUT</constant> ioctl with a pointer
+to this structure. Drivers fill the rest of the structure or return an
+&EINVAL; when the device has no audio inputs, or none which combine
+with the current video output.</para>
+
+    <para>Audio outputs have no writable properties. Nevertheless, to
+select the current audio output applications can initialize the
+<structfield>index</structfield> field and
+<structfield>reserved</structfield> array (which in the future may
+contain writable properties) of a
+<structname>v4l2_audioout</structname> structure and call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_AUDOUT</constant> ioctl. Drivers switch to the
+requested output or return the &EINVAL; when the index is out of
+bounds. This is a write-only ioctl, it does not return the current
+audio output attributes as <constant>VIDIOC_G_AUDOUT</constant>
+does.</para>
+
+    <para>Note connectors on a TV card to loop back the received audio
+signal to a sound card are not audio outputs in this sense.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-audioout">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_audioout</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>index</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Identifies the audio output, set by the
+driver or application.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>name</structfield>[32]</entry>
+            <entry>Name of the audio output, a NUL-terminated ASCII
+string, for example: "Line Out". This information is intended for the
+user, preferably the connector label on the device itself.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>capability</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Audio capability flags, none defined yet. Drivers
+must set this field to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>mode</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Audio mode, none defined yet. Drivers and
+applications (on <constant>VIDIOC_S_AUDOUT</constant>) must set this
+field to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[2]</entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions. Drivers and
+applications must set the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>No audio outputs combine with the current video
+output, or the number of the selected audio output is out of bounds or
+it does not combine, or there are no audio outputs at all and the
+ioctl is not supported.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>I/O is in progress, the output cannot be
+switched.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-crop.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-crop.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..d235b1dedbed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-crop.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-crop">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_CROP, VIDIOC_S_CROP</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_CROP</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_S_CROP</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Get or set the current cropping rectangle</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_crop *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>const struct v4l2_crop *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_CROP, VIDIOC_S_CROP</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To query the cropping rectangle size and position
+applications set the <structfield>type</structfield> field of a
+<structname>v4l2_crop</structname> structure to the respective buffer
+(stream) type and call the <constant>VIDIOC_G_CROP</constant> ioctl
+with a pointer to this structure. The driver fills the rest of the
+structure or returns the &EINVAL; if cropping is not supported.</para>
+
+    <para>To change the cropping rectangle applications initialize the
+<structfield>type</structfield> and &v4l2-rect; substructure named
+<structfield>c</structfield> of a v4l2_crop structure and call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_CROP</constant> ioctl with a pointer to this
+structure.</para>
+
+    <para>The driver first adjusts the requested dimensions against
+hardware limits, &ie; the bounds given by the capture/output window,
+and it rounds to the closest possible values of horizontal and
+vertical offset, width and height. In particular the driver must round
+the vertical offset of the cropping rectangle to frame lines modulo
+two, such that the field order cannot be confused.</para>
+
+    <para>Second the driver adjusts the image size (the opposite
+rectangle of the scaling process, source or target depending on the
+data direction) to the closest size possible while maintaining the
+current horizontal and vertical scaling factor.</para>
+
+    <para>Finally the driver programs the hardware with the actual
+cropping and image parameters. <constant>VIDIOC_S_CROP</constant> is a
+write-only ioctl, it does not return the actual parameters. To query
+them applications must call <constant>VIDIOC_G_CROP</constant> and
+&VIDIOC-G-FMT;. When the parameters are unsuitable the application may
+modify the cropping or image parameters and repeat the cycle until
+satisfactory parameters have been negotiated.</para>
+
+    <para>When cropping is not supported then no parameters are
+changed and <constant>VIDIOC_S_CROP</constant> returns the
+&EINVAL;.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-crop">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_crop</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-buf-type;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Type of the data stream, set by the application.
+Only these types are valid here: <constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OVERLAY</constant>, and custom (driver
+defined) types with code <constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_PRIVATE</constant>
+and higher.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-rect;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>c</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Cropping rectangle. The same co-ordinate system as
+for &v4l2-cropcap; <structfield>bounds</structfield> is used.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Cropping is not supported.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-ctrl.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-ctrl.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..8b5e6ff7f3df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-ctrl.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-ctrl">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_CTRL, VIDIOC_S_CTRL</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_CTRL</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_S_CTRL</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Get or set the value of a control</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_control
+*<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_CTRL, VIDIOC_S_CTRL</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To get the current value of a control applications
+initialize the <structfield>id</structfield> field of a struct
+<structname>v4l2_control</structname> and call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_CTRL</constant> ioctl with a pointer to this
+structure. To change the value of a control applications initialize
+the <structfield>id</structfield> and <structfield>value</structfield>
+fields of a struct <structname>v4l2_control</structname> and call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_CTRL</constant> ioctl.</para>
+
+    <para>When the <structfield>id</structfield> is invalid drivers
+return an &EINVAL;. When the <structfield>value</structfield> is out
+of bounds drivers can choose to take the closest valid value or return
+an &ERANGE;, whatever seems more appropriate. However,
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_CTRL</constant> is a write-only ioctl, it does not
+return the actual new value.</para>
+
+    <para>These ioctls work only with user controls. For other
+control classes the &VIDIOC-G-EXT-CTRLS;, &VIDIOC-S-EXT-CTRLS; or
+&VIDIOC-TRY-EXT-CTRLS; must be used.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-control">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_control</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>id</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Identifies the control, set by the
+application.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__s32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>value</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>New value or current value.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-control; <structfield>id</structfield> is
+invalid.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>ERANGE</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-control; <structfield>value</structfield>
+is out of bounds.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The control is temporarily not changeable, possibly
+because another applications took over control of the device function
+this control belongs to.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-enc-index.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-enc-index.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..9f242e4b2948
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-enc-index.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-enc-index">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_ENC_INDEX</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_ENC_INDEX</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Get meta data about a compressed video stream</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_enc_idx *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_ENC_INDEX</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <note>
+      <title>Experimental</title>
+
+      <para>This is an <link linkend="experimental">experimental</link>
+interface and may change in the future.</para>
+    </note>
+
+    <para>The <constant>VIDIOC_G_ENC_INDEX</constant> ioctl provides
+meta data about a compressed video stream the same or another
+application currently reads from the driver, which is useful for
+random access into the stream without decoding it.</para>
+
+    <para>To read the data applications must call
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_ENC_INDEX</constant> with a pointer to a
+&v4l2-enc-idx;. On success the driver fills the
+<structfield>entry</structfield> array, stores the number of elements
+written in the <structfield>entries</structfield> field, and
+initializes the <structfield>entries_cap</structfield> field.</para>
+
+    <para>Each element of the <structfield>entry</structfield> array
+contains meta data about one picture. A
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_ENC_INDEX</constant> call reads up to
+<constant>V4L2_ENC_IDX_ENTRIES</constant> entries from a driver
+buffer, which can hold up to <structfield>entries_cap</structfield>
+entries. This number can be lower or higher than
+<constant>V4L2_ENC_IDX_ENTRIES</constant>, but not zero. When the
+application fails to read the meta data in time the oldest entries
+will be lost. When the buffer is empty or no capturing/encoding is in
+progress, <structfield>entries</structfield> will be zero.</para>
+
+    <para>Currently this ioctl is only defined for MPEG-2 program
+streams and video elementary streams.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-enc-idx">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_enc_idx</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>entries</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The number of entries the driver stored in the
+<structfield>entry</structfield> array.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>entries_cap</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The number of entries the driver can
+buffer. Must be greater than zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[4]</entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">Reserved for future extensions.
+Drivers must set the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-enc-idx-entry;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>entry</structfield>[<constant>V4L2_ENC_IDX_ENTRIES</constant>]</entry>
+            <entry>Meta data about a compressed video stream. Each
+element of the array corresponds to one picture, sorted in ascending
+order by their <structfield>offset</structfield>.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-enc-idx-entry">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_enc_idx_entry</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u64</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>offset</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The offset in bytes from the beginning of the
+compressed video stream to the beginning of this picture, that is a
+<wordasword>PES packet header</wordasword> as defined in <xref
+            linkend="mpeg2part1" /> or a <wordasword>picture
+header</wordasword> as defined in <xref linkend="mpeg2part2" />. When
+the encoder is stopped, the driver resets the offset to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u64</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>pts</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The 33 bit <wordasword>Presentation Time
+Stamp</wordasword> of this picture as defined in <xref
+                linkend="mpeg2part1" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>length</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The length of this picture in bytes.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>flags</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Flags containing the coding type of this picture, see <xref
+                linkend="enc-idx-flags" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[2]</entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions.
+Drivers must set the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="enc-idx-flags">
+      <title>Index Entry Flags</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_ENC_IDX_FRAME_I</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00</entry>
+            <entry>This is an Intra-coded picture.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_ENC_IDX_FRAME_P</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x01</entry>
+            <entry>This is a Predictive-coded picture.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_ENC_IDX_FRAME_B</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x02</entry>
+            <entry>This is a Bidirectionally predictive-coded
+picture.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_ENC_IDX_FRAME_MASK</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0F</entry>
+            <entry><wordasword>AND</wordasword> the flags field with
+this mask to obtain the picture coding type.</entry>
+          </row>
+       </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The driver does not support this ioctl.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-ext-ctrls.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-ext-ctrls.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..3aa7f8f9ff0c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-ext-ctrls.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,307 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-ext-ctrls">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_EXT_CTRLS, VIDIOC_S_EXT_CTRLS,
+VIDIOC_TRY_EXT_CTRLS</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_EXT_CTRLS</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_S_EXT_CTRLS</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_TRY_EXT_CTRLS</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Get or set the value of several controls, try control
+values</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_ext_controls
+*<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_EXT_CTRLS, VIDIOC_S_EXT_CTRLS,
+VIDIOC_TRY_EXT_CTRLS</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>These ioctls allow the caller to get or set multiple
+controls atomically. Control IDs are grouped into control classes (see
+<xref linkend="ctrl-class" />) and all controls in the control array
+must belong to the same control class.</para>
+
+    <para>Applications must always fill in the
+<structfield>count</structfield>,
+<structfield>ctrl_class</structfield>,
+<structfield>controls</structfield> and
+<structfield>reserved</structfield> fields of &v4l2-ext-controls;, and
+initialize the &v4l2-ext-control; array pointed to by the
+<structfield>controls</structfield> fields.</para>
+
+    <para>To get the current value of a set of controls applications
+initialize the <structfield>id</structfield>,
+<structfield>size</structfield> and <structfield>reserved2</structfield> fields
+of each &v4l2-ext-control; and call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_EXT_CTRLS</constant> ioctl. String controls controls
+must also set the <structfield>string</structfield> field.</para>
+
+    <para>If the <structfield>size</structfield> is too small to
+receive the control result (only relevant for pointer-type controls
+like strings), then the driver will set <structfield>size</structfield>
+to a valid value and return an &ENOSPC;. You should re-allocate the
+string memory to this new size and try again. It is possible that the
+same issue occurs again if the string has grown in the meantime. It is
+recommended to call &VIDIOC-QUERYCTRL; first and use
+<structfield>maximum</structfield>+1 as the new <structfield>size</structfield>
+value. It is guaranteed that that is sufficient memory.
+</para>
+
+    <para>To change the value of a set of controls applications
+initialize the <structfield>id</structfield>, <structfield>size</structfield>,
+<structfield>reserved2</structfield> and
+<structfield>value/string</structfield> fields of each &v4l2-ext-control; and
+call the <constant>VIDIOC_S_EXT_CTRLS</constant> ioctl. The controls
+will only be set if <emphasis>all</emphasis> control values are
+valid.</para>
+
+    <para>To check if a set of controls have correct values applications
+initialize the <structfield>id</structfield>, <structfield>size</structfield>,
+<structfield>reserved2</structfield> and
+<structfield>value/string</structfield> fields of each &v4l2-ext-control; and
+call the <constant>VIDIOC_TRY_EXT_CTRLS</constant> ioctl. It is up to
+the driver whether wrong values are automatically adjusted to a valid
+value or if an error is returned.</para>
+
+    <para>When the <structfield>id</structfield> or
+<structfield>ctrl_class</structfield> is invalid drivers return an
+&EINVAL;. When the value is out of bounds drivers can choose to take
+the closest valid value or return an &ERANGE;, whatever seems more
+appropriate. In the first case the new value is set in
+&v4l2-ext-control;.</para>
+
+    <para>The driver will only set/get these controls if all control
+values are correct. This prevents the situation where only some of the
+controls were set/get. Only low-level errors (&eg; a failed i2c
+command) can still cause this situation.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-ext-control">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_ext_control</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="4">
+        &cs-ustr;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>id</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Identifies the control, set by the
+application.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>size</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>The total size in bytes of the payload of this
+control. This is normally 0, but for pointer controls this should be
+set to the size of the memory containing the payload, or that will
+receive the payload. If <constant>VIDIOC_G_EXT_CTRLS</constant> finds
+that this value is less than is required to store
+the payload result, then it is set to a value large enough to store the
+payload result and ENOSPC is returned. Note that for string controls
+this <structfield>size</structfield> field should not be confused with the length of the string.
+This field refers to the size of the memory that contains the string.
+The actual <emphasis>length</emphasis> of the string may well be much smaller.
+</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved2</structfield>[1]</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions. Drivers and
+applications must set the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>union</entry>
+            <entry>(anonymous)</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>__s32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>value</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>New value or current value.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>__s64</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>value64</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>New value or current value.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>char *</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>string</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>A pointer to a string.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-ext-controls">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_ext_controls</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>ctrl_class</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The control class to which all controls belong, see
+<xref linkend="ctrl-class" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>count</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The number of controls in the controls array. May
+also be zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>error_idx</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Set by the driver in case of an error. It is the
+index of the control causing the error or equal to 'count' when the
+error is not associated with a particular control. Undefined when the
+ioctl returns 0 (success).</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[2]</entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions. Drivers and
+applications must set the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-ext-control; *</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>controls</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Pointer to an array of
+<structfield>count</structfield> v4l2_ext_control structures. Ignored
+if <structfield>count</structfield> equals zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="ctrl-class">
+      <title>Control classes</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_USER</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x980000</entry>
+            <entry>The class containing user controls. These controls
+are described in <xref linkend="control" />. All controls that can be set
+using the &VIDIOC-S-CTRL; and &VIDIOC-G-CTRL; ioctl belong to this
+class.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_MPEG</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x990000</entry>
+            <entry>The class containing MPEG compression controls.
+These controls are described in <xref
+                linkend="mpeg-controls" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_CAMERA</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x9a0000</entry>
+            <entry>The class containing camera controls.
+These controls are described in <xref
+                linkend="camera-controls" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_FM_TX</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x9b0000</entry>
+            <entry>The class containing FM Transmitter (FM TX) controls.
+These controls are described in <xref
+                linkend="fm-tx-controls" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-ext-control; <structfield>id</structfield>
+is invalid or the &v4l2-ext-controls;
+<structfield>ctrl_class</structfield> is invalid. This error code is
+also returned by the <constant>VIDIOC_S_EXT_CTRLS</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_TRY_EXT_CTRLS</constant> ioctls if two or more
+control values are in conflict.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>ERANGE</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-ext-control; <structfield>value</structfield>
+is out of bounds.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The control is temporarily not changeable, possibly
+because another applications took over control of the device function
+this control belongs to.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>ENOSPC</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The space reserved for the control's payload is insufficient.
+The field <structfield>size</structfield> is set to a value that is enough
+to store the payload and this error code is returned.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-fbuf.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-fbuf.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..f7017062656e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-fbuf.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,456 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-fbuf">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_FBUF, VIDIOC_S_FBUF</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_FBUF</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_S_FBUF</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Get or set frame buffer overlay parameters</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_framebuffer *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>const struct v4l2_framebuffer *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_FBUF, VIDIOC_S_FBUF</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>Applications can use the <constant>VIDIOC_G_FBUF</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FBUF</constant> ioctl to get and set the
+framebuffer parameters for a <link linkend="overlay">Video
+Overlay</link> or <link linkend="osd">Video Output Overlay</link>
+(OSD). The type of overlay is implied by the device type (capture or
+output device) and can be determined with the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl.
+One <filename>/dev/videoN</filename> device must not support both
+kinds of overlay.</para>
+
+    <para>The V4L2 API distinguishes destructive and non-destructive
+overlays. A destructive overlay copies captured video images into the
+video memory of a graphics card. A non-destructive overlay blends
+video images into a VGA signal or graphics into a video signal.
+<wordasword>Video Output Overlays</wordasword> are always
+non-destructive.</para>
+
+    <para>To get the current parameters applications call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_FBUF</constant> ioctl with a pointer to a
+<structname>v4l2_framebuffer</structname> structure. The driver fills
+all fields of the structure or returns an &EINVAL; when overlays are
+not supported.</para>
+
+    <para>To set the parameters for a <wordasword>Video Output
+Overlay</wordasword>, applications must initialize the
+<structfield>flags</structfield> field of a struct
+<structname>v4l2_framebuffer</structname>. Since the framebuffer is
+implemented on the TV card all other parameters are determined by the
+driver. When an application calls <constant>VIDIOC_S_FBUF</constant>
+with a pointer to this structure, the driver prepares for the overlay
+and returns the framebuffer parameters as
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_FBUF</constant> does, or it returns an error
+code.</para>
+
+    <para>To set the parameters for a <wordasword>non-destructive
+Video Overlay</wordasword>, applications must initialize the
+<structfield>flags</structfield> field, the
+<structfield>fmt</structfield> substructure, and call
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FBUF</constant>. Again the driver prepares for the
+overlay and returns the framebuffer parameters as
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_FBUF</constant> does, or it returns an error
+code.</para>
+
+    <para>For a <wordasword>destructive Video Overlay</wordasword>
+applications must additionally provide a
+<structfield>base</structfield> address. Setting up a DMA to a
+random memory location can jeopardize the system security, its
+stability or even damage the hardware, therefore only the superuser
+can set the parameters for a destructive video overlay.</para>
+
+    <!-- NB v4l2_pix_format is also specified in pixfmt.sgml.-->
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-framebuffer">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_framebuffer</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="4">
+        &cs-ustr;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>capability</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Overlay capability flags set by the driver, see
+<xref linkend="framebuffer-cap" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>flags</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Overlay control flags set by application and
+driver, see <xref linkend="framebuffer-flags" /></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>void *</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>base</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Physical base address of the framebuffer,
+that is the address of the pixel in the top left corner of the
+framebuffer.<footnote><para>A physical base address may not suit all
+platforms. GK notes in theory we should pass something like PCI device
++ memory region + offset instead. If you encounter problems please
+discuss on the linux-media mailing list: &v4l-ml;.</para></footnote></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>This field is irrelevant to
+<wordasword>non-destructive Video Overlays</wordasword>. For
+<wordasword>destructive Video Overlays</wordasword> applications must
+provide a base address. The driver may accept only base addresses
+which are a multiple of two, four or eight bytes. For
+<wordasword>Video Output Overlays</wordasword> the driver must return
+a valid base address, so applications can find the corresponding Linux
+framebuffer device (see <xref linkend="osd" />).</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-pix-format;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>fmt</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Layout of the frame buffer. The
+<structname>v4l2_pix_format</structname> structure is defined in <xref
+linkend="pixfmt" />, for clarification the fields and acceptable values
+            are listed below:</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>width</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Width of the frame buffer in pixels.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>height</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Height of the frame buffer in pixels.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>pixelformat</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The pixel format of the
+framebuffer.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>For <wordasword>non-destructive Video
+Overlays</wordasword> this field only defines a format for the
+&v4l2-window; <structfield>chromakey</structfield> field.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>For <wordasword>destructive Video
+Overlays</wordasword> applications must initialize this field. For
+<wordasword>Video Output Overlays</wordasword> the driver must return
+a valid format.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Usually this is an RGB format (for example
+<link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB565"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB565</constant></link>)
+but YUV formats (only packed YUV formats when chroma keying is used,
+not including <constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_UYVY</constant>) and the
+<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_PAL8</constant> format are also permitted. The
+behavior of the driver when an application requests a compressed
+format is undefined. See <xref linkend="pixfmt" /> for information on
+pixel formats.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>&v4l2-field;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>field</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Drivers and applications shall ignore this field.
+If applicable, the field order is selected with the &VIDIOC-S-FMT;
+ioctl, using the <structfield>field</structfield> field of
+&v4l2-window;.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>bytesperline</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Distance in bytes between the leftmost pixels in
+two adjacent lines.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="hspan"><para>This field is irrelevant to
+<wordasword>non-destructive Video
+Overlays</wordasword>.</para><para>For <wordasword>destructive Video
+Overlays</wordasword> both applications and drivers can set this field
+to request padding bytes at the end of each line. Drivers however may
+ignore the requested value, returning <structfield>width</structfield>
+times bytes-per-pixel or a larger value required by the hardware. That
+implies applications can just set this field to zero to get a
+reasonable default.</para><para>For <wordasword>Video Output
+Overlays</wordasword> the driver must return a valid
+value.</para><para>Video hardware may access padding bytes, therefore
+they must reside in accessible memory. Consider for example the case
+where padding bytes after the last line of an image cross a system
+page boundary. Capture devices may write padding bytes, the value is
+undefined. Output devices ignore the contents of padding
+bytes.</para><para>When the image format is planar the
+<structfield>bytesperline</structfield> value applies to the largest
+plane and is divided by the same factor as the
+<structfield>width</structfield> field for any smaller planes. For
+example the Cb and Cr planes of a YUV 4:2:0 image have half as many
+padding bytes following each line as the Y plane. To avoid ambiguities
+drivers must return a <structfield>bytesperline</structfield> value
+rounded up to a multiple of the scale factor.</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>sizeimage</structfield></entry>
+            <entry><para>This field is irrelevant to
+<wordasword>non-destructive Video Overlays</wordasword>. For
+<wordasword>destructive Video Overlays</wordasword> applications must
+initialize this field. For <wordasword>Video Output
+Overlays</wordasword> the driver must return a valid
+format.</para><para>Together with <structfield>base</structfield> it
+defines the framebuffer memory accessible by the
+driver.</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>&v4l2-colorspace;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>colorspace</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>This information supplements the
+<structfield>pixelformat</structfield> and must be set by the driver,
+see <xref linkend="colorspaces" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>priv</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for additional information about custom
+(driver defined) formats. When not used drivers and applications must
+set this field to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="framebuffer-cap">
+      <title>Frame Buffer Capability Flags</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FBUF_CAP_EXTERNOVERLAY</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0001</entry>
+            <entry>The device is capable of non-destructive overlays.
+When the driver clears this flag, only destructive overlays are
+supported. There are no drivers yet which support both destructive and
+non-destructive overlays.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FBUF_CAP_CHROMAKEY</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0002</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports clipping by chroma-keying the
+images. That is, image pixels replace pixels in the VGA or video
+signal only where the latter assume a certain color. Chroma-keying
+makes no sense for destructive overlays.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FBUF_CAP_LIST_CLIPPING</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0004</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports clipping using a list of clip
+rectangles.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FBUF_CAP_BITMAP_CLIPPING</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0008</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports clipping using a bit mask.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FBUF_CAP_LOCAL_ALPHA</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0010</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports clipping/blending using the
+alpha channel of the framebuffer or VGA signal. Alpha blending makes
+no sense for destructive overlays.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FBUF_CAP_GLOBAL_ALPHA</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0020</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports alpha blending using a global
+alpha value. Alpha blending makes no sense for destructive overlays.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FBUF_CAP_LOCAL_INV_ALPHA</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0040</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports clipping/blending using the
+inverted alpha channel of the framebuffer or VGA signal. Alpha
+blending makes no sense for destructive overlays.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="framebuffer-flags">
+      <title>Frame Buffer Flags</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_PRIMARY</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0001</entry>
+            <entry>The framebuffer is the primary graphics surface.
+In other words, the overlay is destructive. [?]</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_OVERLAY</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0002</entry>
+            <entry>The frame buffer is an overlay surface the same
+size as the capture. [?]</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">The purpose of
+<constant>V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_PRIMARY</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_OVERLAY</constant> was never quite clear.
+Most drivers seem to ignore these flags. For compatibility with the
+<wordasword>bttv</wordasword> driver applications should set the
+<constant>V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_OVERLAY</constant> flag.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_CHROMAKEY</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0004</entry>
+            <entry>Use chroma-keying. The chroma-key color is
+determined by the <structfield>chromakey</structfield> field of
+&v4l2-window; and negotiated with the &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl, see <xref
+                linkend="overlay" />
+and
+            <xref linkend="osd" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">There are no flags to enable
+clipping using a list of clip rectangles or a bitmap. These methods
+are negotiated with the &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl, see <xref
+                linkend="overlay" /> and <xref linkend="osd" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_LOCAL_ALPHA</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0008</entry>
+            <entry>Use the alpha channel of the framebuffer to clip or
+blend framebuffer pixels with video images. The blend
+function is: output = framebuffer pixel * alpha + video pixel * (1 -
+alpha). The actual alpha depth depends on the framebuffer pixel
+format.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_GLOBAL_ALPHA</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0010</entry>
+            <entry>Use a global alpha value to blend the framebuffer
+with video images. The blend function is: output = (framebuffer pixel
+* alpha + video pixel * (255 - alpha)) / 255. The alpha value is
+determined by the <structfield>global_alpha</structfield> field of
+&v4l2-window; and negotiated with the &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl, see <xref
+                linkend="overlay" />
+and <xref linkend="osd" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_LOCAL_INV_ALPHA</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0020</entry>
+            <entry>Like
+<constant>V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_LOCAL_ALPHA</constant>, use the alpha channel
+of the framebuffer to clip or blend framebuffer pixels with video
+images, but with an inverted alpha value. The blend function is:
+output = framebuffer pixel * (1 - alpha) + video pixel * alpha. The
+actual alpha depth depends on the framebuffer pixel format.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EPERM</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para><constant>VIDIOC_S_FBUF</constant> can only be called
+by a privileged user to negotiate the parameters for a destructive
+overlay.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The framebuffer parameters cannot be changed at this
+time because overlay is already enabled, or capturing is enabled
+and the hardware cannot capture and overlay simultaneously.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The ioctl is not supported or the
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FBUF</constant> parameters are unsuitable.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-fmt.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-fmt.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..7c7d1b72c40d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-fmt.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-fmt">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_FMT, VIDIOC_S_FMT,
+VIDIOC_TRY_FMT</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_FMT</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_S_FMT</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_TRY_FMT</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Get or set the data format, try a format</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_format
+*<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_FMT, VIDIOC_S_FMT, VIDIOC_TRY_FMT</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>These ioctls are used to negotiate the format of data
+(typically image format) exchanged between driver and
+application.</para>
+
+    <para>To query the current parameters applications set the
+<structfield>type</structfield> field of a struct
+<structname>v4l2_format</structname> to the respective buffer (stream)
+type. For example video capture devices use
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant>. When the application
+calls the <constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant> ioctl with a pointer to
+this structure the driver fills the respective member of the
+<structfield>fmt</structfield> union. In case of video capture devices
+that is the &v4l2-pix-format; <structfield>pix</structfield> member.
+When the requested buffer type is not supported drivers return an
+&EINVAL;.</para>
+
+    <para>To change the current format parameters applications
+initialize the <structfield>type</structfield> field and all
+fields of the respective <structfield>fmt</structfield>
+union member. For details see the documentation of the various devices
+types in <xref linkend="devices" />. Good practice is to query the
+current parameters first, and to
+modify only those parameters not suitable for the application. When
+the application calls the <constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> ioctl
+with a pointer to a <structname>v4l2_format</structname> structure
+the driver checks
+and adjusts the parameters against hardware abilities. Drivers
+should not return an error code unless the input is ambiguous, this is
+a mechanism to fathom device capabilities and to approach parameters
+acceptable for both the application and driver. On success the driver
+may program the hardware, allocate resources and generally prepare for
+data exchange.
+Finally the <constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> ioctl returns the
+current format parameters as <constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant> does.
+Very simple, inflexible devices may even ignore all input and always
+return the default parameters. However all V4L2 devices exchanging
+data with the application must implement the
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> ioctl. When the requested buffer
+type is not supported drivers return an &EINVAL; on a
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> attempt. When I/O is already in
+progress or the resource is not available for other reasons drivers
+return the &EBUSY;.</para>
+
+    <para>The <constant>VIDIOC_TRY_FMT</constant> ioctl is equivalent
+to <constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant> with one exception: it does not
+change driver state. It can also be called at any time, never
+returning <errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode>. This function is provided to
+negotiate parameters, to learn about hardware limitations, without
+disabling I/O or possibly time consuming hardware preparations.
+Although strongly recommended drivers are not required to implement
+this ioctl.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-format">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_format</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="4">
+        <colspec colname="c1" />
+        <colspec colname="c2" />
+        <colspec colname="c3" />
+        <colspec colname="c4" />
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-buf-type;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Type of the data stream, see <xref
+                linkend="v4l2-buf-type" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>union</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>fmt</structfield></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>&v4l2-pix-format;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>pix</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Definition of an image format, see <xref
+                linkend="pixfmt" />, used by video capture and output
+devices.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>&v4l2-window;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>win</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Definition of an overlaid image, see <xref
+            linkend="overlay" />, used by video overlay devices.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>&v4l2-vbi-format;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>vbi</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Raw VBI capture or output parameters. This is
+discussed in more detail in <xref linkend="raw-vbi" />. Used by raw VBI
+capture and output devices.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>&v4l2-sliced-vbi-format;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>sliced</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Sliced VBI capture or output parameters. See
+<xref linkend="sliced" /> for details. Used by sliced VBI
+capture and output devices.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>raw_data</structfield>[200]</entry>
+            <entry>Place holder for future extensions and custom
+(driver defined) formats with <structfield>type</structfield>
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_PRIVATE</constant> and higher.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The data format cannot be changed at this
+time, for example because I/O is already in progress.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-format; <structfield>type</structfield>
+field is invalid, the requested buffer type not supported, or
+<constant>VIDIOC_TRY_FMT</constant> was called and is not
+supported with this buffer type.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-frequency.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-frequency.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..062d72069090
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-frequency.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-frequency">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_FREQUENCY, VIDIOC_S_FREQUENCY</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_FREQUENCY</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_S_FREQUENCY</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Get or set tuner or modulator radio
+frequency</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_frequency
+*<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>const struct v4l2_frequency
+*<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_FREQUENCY, VIDIOC_S_FREQUENCY</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To get the current tuner or modulator radio frequency
+applications set the <structfield>tuner</structfield> field of a
+&v4l2-frequency; to the respective tuner or modulator number (only
+input devices have tuners, only output devices have modulators), zero
+out the <structfield>reserved</structfield> array and
+call the <constant>VIDIOC_G_FREQUENCY</constant> ioctl with a pointer
+to this structure. The driver stores the current frequency in the
+<structfield>frequency</structfield> field.</para>
+
+    <para>To change the current tuner or modulator radio frequency
+applications initialize the <structfield>tuner</structfield>,
+<structfield>type</structfield> and
+<structfield>frequency</structfield> fields, and the
+<structfield>reserved</structfield> array of a &v4l2-frequency; and
+call the <constant>VIDIOC_S_FREQUENCY</constant> ioctl with a pointer
+to this structure. When the requested frequency is not possible the
+driver assumes the closest possible value. However
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_FREQUENCY</constant> is a write-only ioctl, it does
+not return the actual new frequency.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-frequency">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_frequency</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>tuner</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The tuner or modulator index number. This is the
+same value as in the &v4l2-input; <structfield>tuner</structfield>
+field and the &v4l2-tuner; <structfield>index</structfield> field, or
+the &v4l2-output; <structfield>modulator</structfield> field and the
+&v4l2-modulator; <structfield>index</structfield> field.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-tuner-type;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The tuner type. This is the same value as in the
+&v4l2-tuner; <structfield>type</structfield> field. The field is not
+applicable to modulators, &ie; ignored by drivers.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>frequency</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Tuning frequency in units of 62.5 kHz, or if the
+&v4l2-tuner; or &v4l2-modulator; <structfield>capabilities</structfield> flag
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LOW</constant> is set, in units of 62.5
+Hz.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[8]</entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions. Drivers and
+            applications must set the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <structfield>tuner</structfield> index is out of
+bounds or the value in the <structfield>type</structfield> field is
+wrong.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-input.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-input.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..ed076e92760d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-input.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-input">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_INPUT, VIDIOC_S_INPUT</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_INPUT</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_S_INPUT</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Query or select the current video input</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_INPUT, VIDIOC_S_INPUT</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To query the current video input applications call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_INPUT</constant> ioctl with a pointer to an integer
+where the driver stores the number of the input, as in the
+&v4l2-input; <structfield>index</structfield> field. This ioctl will
+fail only when there are no video inputs, returning
+<errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode>.</para>
+
+    <para>To select a video input applications store the number of the
+desired input in an integer and call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_INPUT</constant> ioctl with a pointer to this
+integer. Side effects are possible. For example inputs may support
+different video standards, so the driver may implicitly switch the
+current standard. It is good practice to select an input before
+querying or negotiating any other parameters.</para>
+
+    <para>Information about video inputs is available using the
+&VIDIOC-ENUMINPUT; ioctl.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The number of the video input is out of bounds, or
+there are no video inputs at all and this ioctl is not
+supported.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>I/O is in progress, the input cannot be
+switched.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-jpegcomp.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-jpegcomp.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..77394b287411
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-jpegcomp.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-jpegcomp">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_JPEGCOMP, VIDIOC_S_JPEGCOMP</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_JPEGCOMP</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_S_JPEGCOMP</refname>
+    <refpurpose></refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>v4l2_jpegcompression *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>const v4l2_jpegcompression *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_JPEGCOMP, VIDIOC_S_JPEGCOMP</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>[to do]</para>
+
+    <para>Ronald Bultje elaborates:</para>
+
+    <!-- See video4linux-list@redhat.com on 16 Oct 2002, subject
+"Re: [V4L] Re: v4l2 api / Zoran v4l2_jpegcompression" -->
+
+    <para>APP is some application-specific information. The
+application can set it itself, and it'll be stored in the JPEG-encoded
+fields (eg; interlacing information for in an AVI or so). COM is the
+same, but it's comments, like 'encoded by me' or so.</para>
+
+    <para>jpeg_markers describes whether the huffman tables,
+quantization tables and the restart interval information (all
+JPEG-specific stuff) should be stored in the JPEG-encoded fields.
+These define how the JPEG field is encoded. If you omit them,
+applications assume you've used standard encoding. You usually do want
+to add them.</para>
+
+    <!-- NB VIDIOC_S_JPEGCOMP is w/o. -->
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-jpegcompression">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_jpegcompression</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>int</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>quality</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>int</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>APPn</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>int</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>APP_len</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>char</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>APP_data</structfield>[60]</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>int</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>COM_len</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>char</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>COM_data</structfield>[60]</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>jpeg_markers</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>See <xref linkend="jpeg-markers" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="jpeg-markers">
+      <title>JPEG Markers Flags</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_JPEG_MARKER_DHT</constant></entry>
+            <entry>(1&lt;&lt;3)</entry>
+            <entry>Define Huffman Tables</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_JPEG_MARKER_DQT</constant></entry>
+            <entry>(1&lt;&lt;4)</entry>
+            <entry>Define Quantization Tables</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_JPEG_MARKER_DRI</constant></entry>
+            <entry>(1&lt;&lt;5)</entry>
+            <entry>Define Restart Interval</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_JPEG_MARKER_COM</constant></entry>
+            <entry>(1&lt;&lt;6)</entry>
+            <entry>Comment segment</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_JPEG_MARKER_APP</constant></entry>
+            <entry>(1&lt;&lt;7)</entry>
+            <entry>App segment, driver will always use APP0</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>This ioctl is not supported.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-modulator.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-modulator.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..15ce660f0f5a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-modulator.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,246 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-modulator">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_MODULATOR, VIDIOC_S_MODULATOR</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_MODULATOR</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_S_MODULATOR</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Get or set modulator attributes</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_modulator
+*<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>const struct v4l2_modulator
+*<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_MODULATOR, VIDIOC_S_MODULATOR</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To query the attributes of a modulator applications initialize
+the <structfield>index</structfield> field and zero out the
+<structfield>reserved</structfield> array of a &v4l2-modulator; and
+call the <constant>VIDIOC_G_MODULATOR</constant> ioctl with a pointer
+to this structure. Drivers fill the rest of the structure or return an
+&EINVAL; when the index is out of bounds. To enumerate all modulators
+applications shall begin at index zero, incrementing by one until the
+driver returns <errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode>.</para>
+
+    <para>Modulators have two writable properties, an audio
+modulation set and the radio frequency. To change the modulated audio
+subprograms, applications initialize the <structfield>index
+</structfield> and <structfield>txsubchans</structfield> fields and the
+<structfield>reserved</structfield> array and call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_MODULATOR</constant> ioctl. Drivers may choose a
+different audio modulation if the request cannot be satisfied. However
+this is a write-only ioctl, it does not return the actual audio
+modulation selected.</para>
+
+    <para>To change the radio frequency the &VIDIOC-S-FREQUENCY; ioctl
+is available.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-modulator">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_modulator</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>index</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Identifies the modulator, set by the
+application.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>name</structfield>[32]</entry>
+            <entry>Name of the modulator, a NUL-terminated ASCII
+string. This information is intended for the user.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>capability</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Modulator capability flags. No flags are defined
+for this field, the tuner flags in &v4l2-tuner;
+are used accordingly. The audio flags indicate the ability
+to encode audio subprograms. They will <emphasis>not</emphasis>
+change for example with the current video standard.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>rangelow</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The lowest tunable frequency in units of 62.5
+KHz, or if the <structfield>capability</structfield> flag
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LOW</constant> is set, in units of 62.5
+Hz.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>rangehigh</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The highest tunable frequency in units of 62.5
+KHz, or if the <structfield>capability</structfield> flag
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LOW</constant> is set, in units of 62.5
+Hz.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>txsubchans</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>With this field applications can determine how
+audio sub-carriers shall be modulated. It contains a set of flags as
+defined in <xref linkend="modulator-txsubchans" />. Note the tuner
+<structfield>rxsubchans</structfield> flags are reused, but the
+semantics are different. Video output devices are assumed to have an
+analog or PCM audio input with 1-3 channels. The
+<structfield>txsubchans</structfield> flags select one or more
+channels for modulation, together with some audio subprogram
+indicator, for example a stereo pilot tone.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[4]</entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions. Drivers and
+applications must set the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="modulator-txsubchans">
+      <title>Modulator Audio Transmission Flags</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_MONO</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0001</entry>
+            <entry>Modulate channel 1 as mono audio, when the input
+has more channels, a down-mix of channel 1 and 2. This flag does not
+combine with <constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_STEREO</constant> or
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_LANG1</constant>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_STEREO</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0002</entry>
+            <entry>Modulate channel 1 and 2 as left and right
+channel of a stereo audio signal. When the input has only one channel
+or two channels and <constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_SAP</constant> is also
+set, channel 1 is encoded as left and right channel. This flag does
+not combine with <constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_MONO</constant> or
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_LANG1</constant>. When the driver does not
+support stereo audio it shall fall back to mono.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_LANG1</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0008</entry>
+            <entry>Modulate channel 1 and 2 as primary and secondary
+language of a bilingual audio signal. When the input has only one
+channel it is used for both languages. It is not possible to encode
+the primary or secondary language only. This flag does not combine
+with <constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_MONO</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_STEREO</constant> or
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_SAP</constant>. If the hardware does not
+support the respective audio matrix, or the current video standard
+does not permit bilingual audio the
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_MODULATOR</constant> ioctl shall return an &EINVAL;
+and the driver shall fall back to mono or stereo mode.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_LANG2</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0004</entry>
+            <entry>Same effect as
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_SAP</constant>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_SAP</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0004</entry>
+            <entry>When combined with <constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_MONO
+</constant> the first channel is encoded as mono audio, the last
+channel as Second Audio Program. When the input has only one channel
+it is used for both audio tracks. When the input has three channels
+the mono track is a down-mix of channel 1 and 2. When combined with
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_STEREO</constant> channel 1 and 2 are
+encoded as left and right stereo audio, channel 3 as Second Audio
+Program. When the input has only two channels, the first is encoded as
+left and right channel and the second as SAP. When the input has only
+one channel it is used for all audio tracks. It is not possible to
+encode a Second Audio Program only. This flag must combine with
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_MONO</constant> or
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_STEREO</constant>. If the hardware does not
+support the respective audio matrix, or the current video standard
+does not permit SAP the <constant>VIDIOC_S_MODULATOR</constant> ioctl
+shall return an &EINVAL; and driver shall fall back to mono or stereo
+mode.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_RDS</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0010</entry>
+            <entry>Enable the RDS encoder for a radio FM transmitter.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-modulator;
+<structfield>index</structfield> is out of bounds.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-output.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-output.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..3ea8c0ed812e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-output.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-output">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_OUTPUT, VIDIOC_S_OUTPUT</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_OUTPUT</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_S_OUTPUT</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Query or select the current video output</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_OUTPUT, VIDIOC_S_OUTPUT</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To query the current video output applications call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_OUTPUT</constant> ioctl with a pointer to an integer
+where the driver stores the number of the output, as in the
+&v4l2-output; <structfield>index</structfield> field. This ioctl
+will fail only when there are no video outputs, returning the
+&EINVAL;.</para>
+
+    <para>To select a video output applications store the number of the
+desired output in an integer and call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_OUTPUT</constant> ioctl with a pointer to this integer.
+Side effects are possible. For example outputs may support different
+video standards, so the driver may implicitly switch the current
+standard. It is good practice to select an output before querying or
+negotiating any other parameters.</para>
+
+    <para>Information about video outputs is available using the
+&VIDIOC-ENUMOUTPUT; ioctl.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The number of the video output is out of bounds, or
+there are no video outputs at all and this ioctl is not
+supported.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>I/O is in progress, the output cannot be
+switched.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-parm.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-parm.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..78332d365ce9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-parm.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,332 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-parm">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_PARM, VIDIOC_S_PARM</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_PARM</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_S_PARM</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Get or set streaming parameters</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>v4l2_streamparm *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_PARM, VIDIOC_S_PARM</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>The current video standard determines a nominal number of
+frames per second. If less than this number of frames is to be
+captured or output, applications can request frame skipping or
+duplicating on the driver side. This is especially useful when using
+the <function>read()</function> or <function>write()</function>, which
+are not augmented by timestamps or sequence counters, and to avoid
+unneccessary data copying.</para>
+
+    <para>Further these ioctls can be used to determine the number of
+buffers used internally by a driver in read/write mode. For
+implications see the section discussing the &func-read;
+function.</para>
+
+    <para>To get and set the streaming parameters applications call
+the <constant>VIDIOC_G_PARM</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_PARM</constant> ioctl, respectively. They take a
+pointer to a struct <structname>v4l2_streamparm</structname> which
+contains a union holding separate parameters for input and output
+devices.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-streamparm">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_streamparm</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="4">
+        &cs-ustr;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-buf-type;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>The buffer (stream) type, same as &v4l2-format;
+<structfield>type</structfield>, set by the application.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>union</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>parm</structfield></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>&v4l2-captureparm;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>capture</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Parameters for capture devices, used when
+<structfield>type</structfield> is
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>&v4l2-outputparm;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>output</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Parameters for output devices, used when
+<structfield>type</structfield> is
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT</constant>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>raw_data</structfield>[200]</entry>
+            <entry>A place holder for future extensions and custom
+(driver defined) buffer types <constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_PRIVATE</constant> and
+higher.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-captureparm">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_captureparm</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>capability</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>See <xref linkend="parm-caps" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>capturemode</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Set by drivers and applications, see <xref linkend="parm-flags" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-fract;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>timeperframe</structfield></entry>
+            <entry><para>This is is the desired period between
+successive frames captured by the driver, in seconds. The
+field is intended to skip frames on the driver side, saving I/O
+bandwidth.</para><para>Applications store here the desired frame
+period, drivers return the actual frame period, which must be greater
+or equal to the nominal frame period determined by the current video
+standard (&v4l2-standard; <structfield>frameperiod</structfield>
+field). Changing the video standard (also implicitly by switching the
+video input) may reset this parameter to the nominal frame period. To
+reset manually applications can just set this field to
+zero.</para><para>Drivers support this function only when they set the
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_TIMEPERFRAME</constant> flag in the
+<structfield>capability</structfield> field.</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>extendedmode</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Custom (driver specific) streaming parameters. When
+unused, applications and drivers must set this field to zero.
+Applications using this field should check the driver name and
+version, see <xref linkend="querycap" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>readbuffers</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Applications set this field to the desired number
+of buffers used internally by the driver in &func-read; mode. Drivers
+return the actual number of buffers. When an application requests zero
+buffers, drivers should just return the current setting rather than
+the minimum or an error code. For details see <xref
+                linkend="rw" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[4]</entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions. Drivers and
+applications must set the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-outputparm">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_outputparm</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>capability</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>See <xref linkend="parm-caps" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>outputmode</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Set by drivers and applications, see <xref
+            linkend="parm-flags" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-fract;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>timeperframe</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>This is is the desired period between
+successive frames output by the driver, in seconds.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="hspan"><para>The field is intended to
+repeat frames on the driver side in &func-write; mode (in streaming
+mode timestamps can be used to throttle the output), saving I/O
+bandwidth.</para><para>Applications store here the desired frame
+period, drivers return the actual frame period, which must be greater
+or equal to the nominal frame period determined by the current video
+standard (&v4l2-standard; <structfield>frameperiod</structfield>
+field). Changing the video standard (also implicitly by switching the
+video output) may reset this parameter to the nominal frame period. To
+reset manually applications can just set this field to
+zero.</para><para>Drivers support this function only when they set the
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_TIMEPERFRAME</constant> flag in the
+<structfield>capability</structfield> field.</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>extendedmode</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Custom (driver specific) streaming parameters. When
+unused, applications and drivers must set this field to zero.
+Applications using this field should check the driver name and
+version, see <xref linkend="querycap" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>writebuffers</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Applications set this field to the desired number
+of buffers used internally by the driver in
+<function>write()</function> mode. Drivers return the actual number of
+buffers. When an application requests zero buffers, drivers should
+just return the current setting rather than the minimum or an error
+code. For details see <xref linkend="rw" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[4]</entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions. Drivers and
+applications must set the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="parm-caps">
+      <title>Streaming Parameters Capabilites</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_TIMEPERFRAME</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x1000</entry>
+            <entry>The frame skipping/repeating controlled by the
+<structfield>timeperframe</structfield> field is supported.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="parm-flags">
+      <title>Capture Parameters Flags</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_MODE_HIGHQUALITY</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0001</entry>
+            <entry><para>High quality imaging mode. High quality mode
+is intended for still imaging applications. The idea is to get the
+best possible image quality that the hardware can deliver. It is not
+defined how the driver writer may achieve that; it will depend on the
+hardware and the ingenuity of the driver writer. High quality mode is
+a different mode from the the regular motion video capture modes. In
+high quality mode:<itemizedlist>
+                  <listitem>
+                    <para>The driver may be able to capture higher
+resolutions than for motion capture.</para>
+                  </listitem>
+                  <listitem>
+                    <para>The driver may support fewer pixel formats
+than motion capture (eg; true color).</para>
+                  </listitem>
+                  <listitem>
+                    <para>The driver may capture and arithmetically
+combine multiple successive fields or frames to remove color edge
+artifacts and reduce the noise in the video data.
+</para>
+                  </listitem>
+                  <listitem>
+                    <para>The driver may capture images in slices like
+a scanner in order to handle larger format images than would otherwise
+be possible. </para>
+                  </listitem>
+                  <listitem>
+                    <para>An image capture operation may be
+significantly slower than motion capture. </para>
+                  </listitem>
+                  <listitem>
+                    <para>Moving objects in the image might have
+excessive motion blur. </para>
+                  </listitem>
+                  <listitem>
+                    <para>Capture might only work through the
+<function>read()</function> call.</para>
+                  </listitem>
+                </itemizedlist></para></entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>This ioctl is not supported.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-priority.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-priority.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..5fb001978645
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-priority.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-priority">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_PRIORITY, VIDIOC_S_PRIORITY</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_PRIORITY</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_S_PRIORITY</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Query or request the access priority associated with a
+file descriptor</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>enum v4l2_priority *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>const enum v4l2_priority *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_PRIORITY, VIDIOC_S_PRIORITY</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Pointer to an enum v4l2_priority type.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To query the current access priority
+applications call the <constant>VIDIOC_G_PRIORITY</constant> ioctl
+with a pointer to an enum v4l2_priority variable where the driver stores
+the current priority.</para>
+
+    <para>To request an access priority applications store the
+desired priority in an enum v4l2_priority variable and call
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_PRIORITY</constant> ioctl with a pointer to this
+variable.</para>
+
+    <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-priority">
+      <title>enum v4l2_priority</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PRIORITY_UNSET</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND</constant></entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>Lowest priority, usually applications running in
+background, for example monitoring VBI transmissions. A proxy
+application running in user space will be necessary if multiple
+applications want to read from a device at this priority.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PRIORITY_INTERACTIVE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PRIORITY_DEFAULT</constant></entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>Medium priority, usually applications started and
+interactively controlled by the user. For example TV viewers, Teletext
+browsers, or just "panel" applications to change the channel or video
+controls. This is the default priority unless an application requests
+another.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_PRIORITY_RECORD</constant></entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>Highest priority. Only one file descriptor can have
+this priority, it blocks any other fd from changing device properties.
+Usually applications which must not be interrupted, like video
+recording.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The requested priority value is invalid, or the
+driver does not support access priorities.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Another application already requested higher
+priority.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-sliced-vbi-cap.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-sliced-vbi-cap.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..10e721b17374
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-sliced-vbi-cap.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,264 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-sliced-vbi-cap">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_SLICED_VBI_CAP</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_SLICED_VBI_CAP</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Query sliced VBI capabilities</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_sliced_vbi_cap *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_SLICED_VBI_CAP</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To find out which data services are supported by a sliced
+VBI capture or output device, applications initialize the
+<structfield>type</structfield> field of a &v4l2-sliced-vbi-cap;,
+clear the <structfield>reserved</structfield> array and
+call the <constant>VIDIOC_G_SLICED_VBI_CAP</constant> ioctl. The
+driver fills in the remaining fields or returns an &EINVAL; if the
+sliced VBI API is unsupported or <structfield>type</structfield>
+is invalid.</para>
+
+    <para>Note the <structfield>type</structfield> field was added,
+and the ioctl changed from read-only to write-read, in Linux 2.6.19.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-sliced-vbi-cap">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_sliced_vbi_cap</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="5">
+        <colspec colname="c1" colwidth="3*" />
+        <colspec colname="c2" colwidth="3*" />
+        <colspec colname="c3" colwidth="2*" />
+        <colspec colname="c4" colwidth="2*" />
+        <colspec colname="c5" colwidth="2*" />
+        <spanspec spanname="hspan" namest="c3" nameend="c5" />
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u16</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>service_set</structfield></entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">A set of all data services
+supported by the driver. Equal to the union of all elements of the
+<structfield>service_lines </structfield> array.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u16</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>service_lines</structfield>[2][24]</entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">Each element of this array
+contains a set of data services the hardware can look for or insert
+into a particular scan line. Data services are defined in <xref
+                linkend="vbi-services" />. Array indices map to ITU-R
+line numbers (see also <xref
+                linkend="vbi-525" /> and <xref
+linkend="vbi-625" />) as follows:</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry>Element</entry>
+            <entry>525 line systems</entry>
+            <entry>625 line systems</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry><structfield>service_lines</structfield>[0][1]</entry>
+            <entry align="center">1</entry>
+            <entry align="center">1</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry><structfield>service_lines</structfield>[0][23]</entry>
+            <entry align="center">23</entry>
+            <entry align="center">23</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry><structfield>service_lines</structfield>[1][1]</entry>
+            <entry align="center">264</entry>
+            <entry align="center">314</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry><structfield>service_lines</structfield>[1][23]</entry>
+            <entry align="center">286</entry>
+            <entry align="center">336</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">The number of VBI lines the
+hardware can capture or output per frame, or the number of services it
+can identify on a given line may be limited. For example on PAL line
+16 the hardware may be able to look for a VPS or Teletext signal, but
+not both at the same time. Applications can learn about these limits
+using the &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl as described in <xref
+                linkend="sliced" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">Drivers must set
+<structfield>service_lines</structfield>[0][0] and
+<structfield>service_lines</structfield>[1][0] to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-buf-type;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Type of the data stream, see <xref
+                  linkend="v4l2-buf-type" />. Should be
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_CAPTURE</constant> or
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_OUTPUT</constant>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[3]</entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">This array is reserved for future
+extensions. Applications and drivers must set it to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <!-- See also dev-sliced-vbi.sgml -->
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="vbi-services">
+      <title>Sliced VBI services</title>
+      <tgroup cols="5">
+        <colspec colname="c1" colwidth="2*" />
+        <colspec colname="c2" colwidth="1*" />
+        <colspec colname="c3" colwidth="1*" />
+        <colspec colname="c4" colwidth="2*" />
+        <colspec colname="c5" colwidth="2*" />
+        <spanspec spanname='rlp' namest='c3' nameend='c5' />
+        <thead>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Symbol</entry>
+            <entry>Value</entry>
+            <entry>Reference</entry>
+            <entry>Lines, usually</entry>
+            <entry>Payload</entry>
+          </row>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_SLICED_TELETEXT_B</constant> (Teletext
+System B)</entry>
+            <entry>0x0001</entry>
+            <entry><xref linkend="ets300706" />, <xref linkend="itu653" /></entry>
+            <entry>PAL/SECAM line 7-22, 320-335 (second field 7-22)</entry>
+            <entry>Last 42 of the 45 byte Teletext packet, that is
+without clock run-in and framing code, lsb first transmitted.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_SLICED_VPS</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0400</entry>
+            <entry><xref linkend="ets300231" /></entry>
+            <entry>PAL line 16</entry>
+            <entry>Byte number 3 to 15 according to Figure 9 of
+ETS&nbsp;300&nbsp;231, lsb first transmitted.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_SLICED_CAPTION_525</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x1000</entry>
+            <entry><xref linkend="eia608" /></entry>
+            <entry>NTSC line 21, 284 (second field 21)</entry>
+            <entry>Two bytes in transmission order, including parity
+bit, lsb first transmitted.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_SLICED_WSS_625</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x4000</entry>
+            <entry><xref linkend="en300294" />, <xref linkend="itu1119" /></entry>
+            <entry>PAL/SECAM line 23</entry>
+            <entry><screen>
+Byte        0                 1
+     msb         lsb  msb           lsb
+Bit  7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0  x x 13 12 11 10 9
+</screen></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_SLICED_VBI_525</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x1000</entry>
+            <entry spanname="rlp">Set of services applicable to 525
+line systems.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_SLICED_VBI_625</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x4401</entry>
+            <entry spanname="rlp">Set of services applicable to 625
+line systems.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The device does not support sliced VBI capturing or
+output, or the value in the <structfield>type</structfield> field is
+wrong.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-std.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-std.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b6f5d267e856
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-std.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-std">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_STD, VIDIOC_S_STD</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_STD</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_S_STD</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Query or select the video standard of the current input</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>v4l2_std_id
+*<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>const v4l2_std_id
+*<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_STD, VIDIOC_S_STD</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To query and select the current video standard applications
+use the <constant>VIDIOC_G_STD</constant> and <constant>VIDIOC_S_STD</constant> ioctls which take a pointer to a
+&v4l2-std-id; type as argument. <constant>VIDIOC_G_STD</constant> can
+return a single flag or a set of flags as in &v4l2-standard; field
+<structfield>id</structfield>. The flags must be unambiguous such
+that they appear in only one enumerated <structname>v4l2_standard</structname> structure.</para>
+
+    <para><constant>VIDIOC_S_STD</constant> accepts one or more
+flags, being a write-only ioctl it does not return the actual new standard as
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_STD</constant> does. When no flags are given or
+the current input does not support the requested standard the driver
+returns an &EINVAL;. When the standard set is ambiguous drivers may
+return <errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode> or choose any of the requested
+standards.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>This ioctl is not supported, or the
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_STD</constant> parameter was unsuitable.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-tuner.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-tuner.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..bd98c734c06b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-tuner.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,535 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-g-tuner">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_G_TUNER, VIDIOC_S_TUNER</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_G_TUNER</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_S_TUNER</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Get or set tuner attributes</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_tuner
+*<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>const struct v4l2_tuner
+*<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_G_TUNER, VIDIOC_S_TUNER</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To query the attributes of a tuner applications initialize the
+<structfield>index</structfield> field and zero out the
+<structfield>reserved</structfield> array of a &v4l2-tuner; and call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_TUNER</constant> ioctl with a pointer to this
+structure. Drivers fill the rest of the structure or return an
+&EINVAL; when the index is out of bounds. To enumerate all tuners
+applications shall begin at index zero, incrementing by one until the
+driver returns <errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode>.</para>
+
+    <para>Tuners have two writable properties, the audio mode and
+the radio frequency. To change the audio mode, applications initialize
+the <structfield>index</structfield>,
+<structfield>audmode</structfield> and
+<structfield>reserved</structfield> fields and call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_TUNER</constant> ioctl. This will
+<emphasis>not</emphasis> change the current tuner, which is determined
+by the current video input. Drivers may choose a different audio mode
+if the requested mode is invalid or unsupported. Since this is a
+<!-- FIXME -->write-only ioctl, it does not return the actually
+selected audio mode.</para>
+
+    <para>To change the radio frequency the &VIDIOC-S-FREQUENCY; ioctl
+is available.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-tuner">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_tuner</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        <colspec colname="c1" colwidth="1*" />
+        <colspec colname="c2" colwidth="1*" />
+        <colspec colname="c3" colwidth="1*" />
+        <colspec colname="c4" colwidth="1*" />
+        <spanspec spanname="hspan" namest="c3" nameend="c4" />
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>index</structfield></entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">Identifies the tuner, set by the
+application.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>name</structfield>[32]</entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan"><para>Name of the tuner, a
+NUL-terminated ASCII string. This information is intended for the
+user.<!-- FIXME Video inputs already have a name, the purpose of this
+field is not quite clear.--></para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-tuner-type;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">Type of the tuner, see <xref
+                linkend="v4l2-tuner-type" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>capability</structfield></entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan"><para>Tuner capability flags, see
+<xref linkend="tuner-capability" />. Audio flags indicate the ability
+to decode audio subprograms. They will <emphasis>not</emphasis>
+change, for example with the current video standard.</para><para>When
+the structure refers to a radio tuner only the
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LOW</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_STEREO</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_RDS</constant> flags can be set.</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>rangelow</structfield></entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">The lowest tunable frequency in
+units of 62.5 kHz, or if the <structfield>capability</structfield>
+flag <constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LOW</constant> is set, in units of 62.5
+Hz.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>rangehigh</structfield></entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">The highest tunable frequency in
+units of 62.5 kHz, or if the <structfield>capability</structfield>
+flag <constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LOW</constant> is set, in units of 62.5
+Hz.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>rxsubchans</structfield></entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan"><para>Some tuners or audio
+decoders can determine the received audio subprograms by analyzing
+audio carriers, pilot tones or other indicators. To pass this
+information drivers set flags defined in <xref
+                  linkend="tuner-rxsubchans" /> in this field. For
+example:</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_MONO</constant></entry>
+            <entry>receiving mono audio</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry><constant>STEREO | SAP</constant></entry>
+            <entry>receiving stereo audio and a secondary audio
+program</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry><constant>MONO | STEREO</constant></entry>
+            <entry>receiving mono or stereo audio, the hardware cannot
+distinguish</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry><constant>LANG1 | LANG2</constant></entry>
+            <entry>receiving bilingual audio</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry><constant>MONO | STEREO | LANG1 | LANG2</constant></entry>
+            <entry>receiving mono, stereo or bilingual
+audio</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan"><para>When the
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_STEREO</constant>,
+<constant>_LANG1</constant>, <constant>_LANG2</constant> or
+<constant>_SAP</constant> flag is cleared in the
+<structfield>capability</structfield> field, the corresponding
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_</constant> flag must not be set
+here.</para><para>This field is valid only if this is the tuner of the
+current video input, or when the structure refers to a radio
+tuner.</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>audmode</structfield></entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan"><para>The selected audio mode, see
+<xref linkend="tuner-audmode" /> for valid values. The audio mode does
+not affect audio subprogram detection, and like a <link
+linkend="control">control</link> it does not automatically change
+unless the requested mode is invalid or unsupported. See <xref
+                  linkend="tuner-matrix" /> for possible results when
+the selected and received audio programs do not
+match.</para><para>Currently this is the only field of struct
+<structname>v4l2_tuner</structname> applications can
+change.</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>signal</structfield></entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">The signal strength if known, ranging
+from 0 to 65535. Higher values indicate a better signal.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__s32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>afc</structfield></entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">Automatic frequency control: When the
+<structfield>afc</structfield> value is negative, the frequency is too
+low, when positive too high.<!-- FIXME need example what to do when it never
+settles at zero, &ie; range is what? --></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[4]</entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">Reserved for future extensions. Drivers and
+applications must set the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-tuner-type">
+      <title>enum v4l2_tuner_type</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_RADIO</constant></entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_ANALOG_TV</constant></entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry></entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="tuner-capability">
+      <title>Tuner and Modulator Capability Flags</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LOW</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0001</entry>
+            <entry>When set, tuning frequencies are expressed in units of
+62.5&nbsp;Hz, otherwise in units of 62.5&nbsp;kHz.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_NORM</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0002</entry>
+            <entry>This is a multi-standard tuner; the video standard
+can or must be switched. (B/G PAL tuners for example are typically not
+      considered multi-standard because the video standard is automatically
+      determined from the frequency band.) The set of supported video
+      standards is available from the &v4l2-input; pointing to this tuner,
+      see the description of ioctl &VIDIOC-ENUMINPUT; for details. Only
+      <constant>V4L2_TUNER_ANALOG_TV</constant> tuners can have this capability.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+        <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_STEREO</constant></entry>
+        <entry>0x0010</entry>
+        <entry>Stereo audio reception is supported.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LANG1</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0040</entry>
+            <entry>Reception of the primary language of a bilingual
+audio program is supported. Bilingual audio is a feature of
+two-channel systems, transmitting the primary language monaural on the
+main audio carrier and a secondary language monaural on a second
+carrier. Only
+      <constant>V4L2_TUNER_ANALOG_TV</constant> tuners can have this capability.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LANG2</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0020</entry>
+            <entry>Reception of the secondary language of a bilingual
+audio program is supported. Only
+      <constant>V4L2_TUNER_ANALOG_TV</constant> tuners can have this capability.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_SAP</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0020</entry>
+            <entry><para>Reception of a secondary audio program is
+supported. This is a feature of the BTSC system which accompanies the
+NTSC video standard. Two audio carriers are available for mono or
+stereo transmissions of a primary language, and an independent third
+carrier for a monaural secondary language. Only
+      <constant>V4L2_TUNER_ANALOG_TV</constant> tuners can have this capability.</para><para>Note the
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LANG2</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_SAP</constant> flags are synonyms.
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_SAP</constant> applies when the tuner
+supports the <constant>V4L2_STD_NTSC_M</constant> video
+standard.</para><!-- FIXME what if PAL+NTSC and Bi but not SAP? --></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+        <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_CAP_RDS</constant></entry>
+        <entry>0x0080</entry>
+        <entry>RDS capture is supported. This capability is only valid for
+radio tuners.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="tuner-rxsubchans">
+      <title>Tuner Audio Reception Flags</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_MONO</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0001</entry>
+            <entry>The tuner receives a mono audio signal.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_STEREO</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0002</entry>
+            <entry>The tuner receives a stereo audio signal.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_LANG1</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0008</entry>
+            <entry>The tuner receives the primary language of a
+bilingual audio signal. Drivers must clear this flag when the current
+video standard is <constant>V4L2_STD_NTSC_M</constant>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_LANG2</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0004</entry>
+            <entry>The tuner receives the secondary language of a
+bilingual audio signal (or a second audio program).</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_SAP</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0004</entry>
+            <entry>The tuner receives a Second Audio Program. Note the
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_LANG2</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_SAP</constant> flags are synonyms. The
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_SAP</constant> flag applies when the
+current video standard is <constant>V4L2_STD_NTSC_M</constant>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_RDS</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0010</entry>
+            <entry>The tuner receives an RDS channel.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="tuner-audmode">
+      <title>Tuner Audio Modes</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_MODE_MONO</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>Play mono audio. When the tuner receives a stereo
+signal this a down-mix of the left and right channel. When the tuner
+receives a bilingual or SAP signal this mode selects the primary
+language.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_MODE_STEREO</constant></entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry><para>Play stereo audio. When the tuner receives
+bilingual audio it may play different languages on the left and right
+channel or the primary language is played on both channels.</para><para>Playing
+different languages in this mode is
+deprecated. New drivers should do this only in
+<constant>MODE_LANG1_LANG2</constant>.</para><para>When the tuner
+receives no stereo signal or does not support stereo reception the
+driver shall fall back to <constant>MODE_MONO</constant>.</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_MODE_LANG1</constant></entry>
+            <entry>3</entry>
+            <entry>Play the primary language, mono or stereo. Only
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_ANALOG_TV</constant> tuners support this
+mode.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_MODE_LANG2</constant></entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>Play the secondary language, mono. When the tuner
+receives no bilingual audio or SAP, or their reception is not
+supported the driver shall fall back to mono or stereo mode. Only
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_ANALOG_TV</constant> tuners support this
+mode.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_MODE_SAP</constant></entry>
+            <entry>2</entry>
+            <entry>Play the Second Audio Program. When the tuner
+receives no bilingual audio or SAP, or their reception is not
+supported the driver shall fall back to mono or stereo mode. Only
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_ANALOG_TV</constant> tuners support this mode.
+Note the <constant>V4L2_TUNER_MODE_LANG2</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_MODE_SAP</constant> are synonyms.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_TUNER_MODE_LANG1_LANG2</constant></entry>
+            <entry>4</entry>
+            <entry>Play the primary language on the left channel, the
+secondary language on the right channel. When the tuner receives no
+bilingual audio or SAP, it shall fall back to
+<constant>MODE_LANG1</constant> or <constant>MODE_MONO</constant>.
+Only <constant>V4L2_TUNER_ANALOG_TV</constant> tuners support this
+mode.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="all" id="tuner-matrix">
+      <title>Tuner Audio Matrix</title>
+      <tgroup cols="6" align="center">
+        <colspec align="left" />
+        <colspec colname="c2" colwidth="1*" />
+        <colspec colwidth="1*" />
+        <colspec colwidth="1*" />
+        <colspec colnum="6" colname="c6" colwidth="1*" />
+        <spanspec namest="c2" nameend="c6" spanname="hspan" align="center" />
+        <thead>
+          <row>
+            <entry></entry>
+            <entry spanname="hspan">Selected
+<constant>V4L2_TUNER_MODE_</constant></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Received <constant>V4L2_TUNER_SUB_</constant></entry>
+            <entry><constant>MONO</constant></entry>
+            <entry><constant>STEREO</constant></entry>
+            <entry><constant>LANG1</constant></entry>
+            <entry><constant>LANG2 = SAP</constant></entry>
+            <entry><constant>LANG1_LANG2</constant><footnote><para>This
+mode has been added in Linux 2.6.17 and may not be supported by older
+drivers.</para></footnote></entry>
+          </row>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>MONO</constant></entry>
+            <entry>Mono</entry>
+            <entry>Mono/Mono</entry>
+            <entry>Mono</entry>
+            <entry>Mono</entry>
+            <entry>Mono/Mono</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>MONO | SAP</constant></entry>
+            <entry>Mono</entry>
+            <entry>Mono/Mono</entry>
+            <entry>Mono</entry>
+            <entry>SAP</entry>
+            <entry>Mono/SAP (preferred) or Mono/Mono</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>STEREO</constant></entry>
+            <entry>L+R</entry>
+            <entry>L/R</entry>
+            <entry>Stereo L/R (preferred) or Mono L+R</entry>
+            <entry>Stereo L/R (preferred) or Mono L+R</entry>
+            <entry>L/R (preferred) or L+R/L+R</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>STEREO | SAP</constant></entry>
+            <entry>L+R</entry>
+            <entry>L/R</entry>
+            <entry>Stereo L/R (preferred) or Mono L+R</entry>
+            <entry>SAP</entry>
+            <entry>L+R/SAP (preferred) or L/R or L+R/L+R</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>LANG1 | LANG2</constant></entry>
+            <entry>Language&nbsp;1</entry>
+            <entry>Lang1/Lang2 (deprecated<footnote><para>Playback of
+both languages in <constant>MODE_STEREO</constant> is deprecated. In
+the future drivers should produce only the primary language in this
+mode. Applications should request
+<constant>MODE_LANG1_LANG2</constant> to record both languages or a
+stereo signal.</para></footnote>) or
+Lang1/Lang1</entry>
+            <entry>Language&nbsp;1</entry>
+            <entry>Language&nbsp;2</entry>
+            <entry>Lang1/Lang2 (preferred) or Lang1/Lang1</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-tuner; <structfield>index</structfield> is
+out of bounds.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-log-status.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-log-status.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..2634b7c88b58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-log-status.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-log-status">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_LOG_STATUS</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_LOG_STATUS</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Log driver status information</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>As the video/audio devices become more complicated it
+becomes harder to debug problems. When this ioctl is called the driver
+will output the current device status to the kernel log. This is
+particular useful when dealing with problems like no sound, no video
+and incorrectly tuned channels. Also many modern devices autodetect
+video and audio standards and this ioctl will report what the device
+thinks what the standard is. Mismatches may give an indication where
+the problem is.</para>
+
+    <para>This ioctl is optional and not all drivers support it. It
+was introduced in Linux 2.6.15.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The driver does not support this ioctl.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-overlay.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-overlay.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..1036c582cc15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-overlay.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-overlay">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_OVERLAY</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_OVERLAY</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Start or stop video overlay</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>const int *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_OVERLAY</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>This ioctl is part of the <link linkend="overlay">video
+    overlay</link> I/O method. Applications call
+    <constant>VIDIOC_OVERLAY</constant> to start or stop the
+    overlay. It takes a pointer to an integer which must be set to
+    zero by the application to stop overlay, to one to start.</para>
+
+    <para>Drivers do not support &VIDIOC-STREAMON; or
+&VIDIOC-STREAMOFF; with <constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OVERLAY</constant>.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Video overlay is not supported, or the
+parameters have not been set up. See <xref
+linkend="overlay" /> for the necessary steps.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-qbuf.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-qbuf.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..187081778154
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-qbuf.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-qbuf">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_QBUF, VIDIOC_DQBUF</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_QBUF</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_DQBUF</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Exchange a buffer with the driver</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_buffer *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_QBUF, VIDIOC_DQBUF</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>Applications call the <constant>VIDIOC_QBUF</constant> ioctl
+to enqueue an empty (capturing) or filled (output) buffer in the
+driver's incoming queue. The semantics depend on the selected I/O
+method.</para>
+
+    <para>To enqueue a <link linkend="mmap">memory mapped</link>
+buffer applications set the <structfield>type</structfield> field of a
+&v4l2-buffer; to the same buffer type as previously &v4l2-format;
+<structfield>type</structfield> and &v4l2-requestbuffers;
+<structfield>type</structfield>, the <structfield>memory</structfield>
+field to <constant>V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP</constant> and the
+<structfield>index</structfield> field. Valid index numbers range from
+zero to the number of buffers allocated with &VIDIOC-REQBUFS;
+(&v4l2-requestbuffers; <structfield>count</structfield>) minus one. The
+contents of the struct <structname>v4l2_buffer</structname> returned
+by a &VIDIOC-QUERYBUF; ioctl will do as well. When the buffer is
+intended for output (<structfield>type</structfield> is
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT</constant> or
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_OUTPUT</constant>) applications must also
+initialize the <structfield>bytesused</structfield>,
+<structfield>field</structfield> and
+<structfield>timestamp</structfield> fields. See <xref
+        linkend="buffer" /> for details. When
+<constant>VIDIOC_QBUF</constant> is called with a pointer to this
+structure the driver sets the
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_MAPPED</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_QUEUED</constant> flags and clears the
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_DONE</constant> flag in the
+<structfield>flags</structfield> field, or it returns an
+&EINVAL;.</para>
+
+    <para>To enqueue a <link linkend="userp">user pointer</link>
+buffer applications set the <structfield>type</structfield> field of a
+&v4l2-buffer; to the same buffer type as previously &v4l2-format;
+<structfield>type</structfield> and &v4l2-requestbuffers;
+<structfield>type</structfield>, the <structfield>memory</structfield>
+field to <constant>V4L2_MEMORY_USERPTR</constant> and the
+<structfield>m.userptr</structfield> field to the address of the
+buffer and <structfield>length</structfield> to its size. When the
+buffer is intended for output additional fields must be set as above.
+When <constant>VIDIOC_QBUF</constant> is called with a pointer to this
+structure the driver sets the <constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_QUEUED</constant>
+flag and clears the <constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_MAPPED</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_DONE</constant> flags in the
+<structfield>flags</structfield> field, or it returns an error code.
+This ioctl locks the memory pages of the buffer in physical memory,
+they cannot be swapped out to disk. Buffers remain locked until
+dequeued, until the &VIDIOC-STREAMOFF; or &VIDIOC-REQBUFS; ioctl are
+called, or until the device is closed.</para>
+
+    <para>Applications call the <constant>VIDIOC_DQBUF</constant>
+ioctl to dequeue a filled (capturing) or displayed (output) buffer
+from the driver's outgoing queue. They just set the
+<structfield>type</structfield> and <structfield>memory</structfield>
+fields of a &v4l2-buffer; as above, when <constant>VIDIOC_DQBUF</constant>
+is called with a pointer to this structure the driver fills the
+remaining fields or returns an error code.</para>
+
+    <para>By default <constant>VIDIOC_DQBUF</constant> blocks when no
+buffer is in the outgoing queue. When the
+<constant>O_NONBLOCK</constant> flag was given to the &func-open;
+function, <constant>VIDIOC_DQBUF</constant> returns immediately
+with an &EAGAIN; when no buffer is available.</para>
+
+    <para>The <structname>v4l2_buffer</structname> structure is
+specified in <xref linkend="buffer" />.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EAGAIN</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Non-blocking I/O has been selected using
+<constant>O_NONBLOCK</constant> and no buffer was in the outgoing
+queue.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The buffer <structfield>type</structfield> is not
+supported, or the <structfield>index</structfield> is out of bounds,
+or no buffers have been allocated yet, or the
+<structfield>userptr</structfield> or
+<structfield>length</structfield> are invalid.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>ENOMEM</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Not enough physical or virtual memory was available to
+enqueue a user pointer buffer.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EIO</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para><constant>VIDIOC_DQBUF</constant> failed due to an
+internal error. Can also indicate temporary problems like signal
+loss. Note the driver might dequeue an (empty) buffer despite
+returning an error, or even stop capturing.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-querybuf.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-querybuf.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..d834993e6191
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-querybuf.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-querybuf">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_QUERYBUF</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_QUERYBUF</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Query the status of a buffer</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_buffer *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_QUERYBUF</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>This ioctl is part of the <link linkend="mmap">memory
+mapping</link> I/O method. It can be used to query the status of a
+buffer at any time after buffers have been allocated with the
+&VIDIOC-REQBUFS; ioctl.</para>
+
+    <para>Applications set the <structfield>type</structfield> field
+    of a &v4l2-buffer; to the same buffer type as previously
+&v4l2-format; <structfield>type</structfield> and &v4l2-requestbuffers;
+<structfield>type</structfield>, and the <structfield>index</structfield>
+    field. Valid index numbers range from zero
+to the number of buffers allocated with &VIDIOC-REQBUFS;
+    (&v4l2-requestbuffers; <structfield>count</structfield>) minus one.
+After calling <constant>VIDIOC_QUERYBUF</constant> with a pointer to
+    this structure drivers return an error code or fill the rest of
+the structure.</para>
+
+    <para>In the <structfield>flags</structfield> field the
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_MAPPED</constant>,
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_QUEUED</constant> and
+<constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_DONE</constant> flags will be valid. The
+<structfield>memory</structfield> field will be set to
+<constant>V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP</constant>, the <structfield>m.offset</structfield>
+contains the offset of the buffer from the start of the device memory,
+the <structfield>length</structfield> field its size. The driver may
+or may not set the remaining fields and flags, they are meaningless in
+this context.</para>
+
+    <para>The <structname>v4l2_buffer</structname> structure is
+    specified in <xref linkend="buffer" />.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The buffer <structfield>type</structfield> is not
+supported, or the <structfield>index</structfield> is out of bounds.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-querycap.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-querycap.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..6ab7e25b31b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-querycap.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,284 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-querycap">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_QUERYCAP</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_QUERYCAP</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Query device capabilities</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_capability *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_QUERYCAP</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>All V4L2 devices support the
+<constant>VIDIOC_QUERYCAP</constant> ioctl. It is used to identify
+kernel devices compatible with this specification and to obtain
+information about driver and hardware capabilities. The ioctl takes a
+pointer to a &v4l2-capability; which is filled by the driver. When the
+driver is not compatible with this specification the ioctl returns an
+&EINVAL;.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-capability">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_capability</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>driver</structfield>[16]</entry>
+            <entry><para>Name of the driver, a unique NUL-terminated
+ASCII string. For example: "bttv". Driver specific applications can
+use this information to verify the driver identity. It is also useful
+to work around known bugs, or to identify drivers in error reports.
+The driver version is stored in the <structfield>version</structfield>
+field.</para><para>Storing strings in fixed sized arrays is bad
+practice but unavoidable here. Drivers and applications should take
+precautions to never read or write beyond the end of the array and to
+make sure the strings are properly NUL-terminated.</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>card</structfield>[32]</entry>
+            <entry>Name of the device, a NUL-terminated ASCII string.
+For example: "Yoyodyne TV/FM". One driver may support different brands
+or models of video hardware. This information is intended for users,
+for example in a menu of available devices. Since multiple TV cards of
+the same brand may be installed which are supported by the same
+driver, this name should be combined with the character device file
+name (&eg; <filename>/dev/video2</filename>) or the
+<structfield>bus_info</structfield> string to avoid
+ambiguities.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>bus_info</structfield>[32]</entry>
+            <entry>Location of the device in the system, a
+NUL-terminated ASCII string. For example: "PCI Slot 4". This
+information is intended for users, to distinguish multiple
+identical devices. If no such information is available the field may
+simply count the devices controlled by the driver, or contain the
+empty string (<structfield>bus_info</structfield>[0] = 0).<!-- XXX pci_dev->slot_name example --></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>version</structfield></entry>
+            <entry><para>Version number of the driver. Together with
+the <structfield>driver</structfield> field this identifies a
+particular driver. The version number is formatted using the
+<constant>KERNEL_VERSION()</constant> macro:</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry spanname="hspan"><para>
+<programlisting>
+#define KERNEL_VERSION(a,b,c) (((a) &lt;&lt; 16) + ((b) &lt;&lt; 8) + (c))
+
+__u32 version = KERNEL_VERSION(0, 8, 1);
+
+printf ("Version: %u.%u.%u\n",
+        (version &gt;&gt; 16) &amp; 0xFF,
+        (version &gt;&gt; 8) &amp; 0xFF,
+         version &amp; 0xFF);
+</programlisting></para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>capabilities</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Device capabilities, see <xref
+                linkend="device-capabilities" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[4]</entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions. Drivers must set
+this array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="device-capabilities">
+      <title>Device Capabilities Flags</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00000001</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports the <link
+linkend="capture">Video Capture</link> interface.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OUTPUT</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00000002</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports the <link
+linkend="output">Video Output</link> interface.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OVERLAY</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00000004</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports the <link
+linkend="overlay">Video Overlay</link> interface. A video overlay device
+typically stores captured images directly in the video memory of a
+graphics card, with hardware clipping and scaling.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_VBI_CAPTURE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00000010</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports the <link linkend="raw-vbi">Raw
+VBI Capture</link> interface, providing Teletext and Closed Caption
+data.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_VBI_OUTPUT</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00000020</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports the <link linkend="raw-vbi">Raw VBI Output</link> interface.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_SLICED_VBI_CAPTURE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00000040</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports the <link linkend="sliced">Sliced VBI Capture</link> interface.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_SLICED_VBI_OUTPUT</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00000080</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports the <link linkend="sliced">Sliced VBI Output</link> interface.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_RDS_CAPTURE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00000100</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports the <link linkend="rds">RDS</link> interface.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OUTPUT_OVERLAY</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00000200</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports the <link linkend="osd">Video
+Output Overlay</link> (OSD) interface. Unlike the <wordasword>Video
+Overlay</wordasword> interface, this is a secondary function of video
+output devices and overlays an image onto an outgoing video signal.
+When the driver sets this flag, it must clear the
+<constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OVERLAY</constant> flag and vice
+versa.<footnote><para>The &v4l2-framebuffer; lacks an
+&v4l2-buf-type; field, therefore the type of overlay is implied by the
+driver capabilities.</para></footnote></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_HW_FREQ_SEEK</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00000400</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports the &VIDIOC-S-HW-FREQ-SEEK; ioctl for
+hardware frequency seeking.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_TUNER</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00010000</entry>
+            <entry>The device has some sort of tuner to
+receive RF-modulated video signals. For more information about
+tuner programming see
+<xref linkend="tuner" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_AUDIO</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00020000</entry>
+            <entry>The device has audio inputs or outputs. It may or
+may not support audio recording or playback, in PCM or compressed
+formats. PCM audio support must be implemented as ALSA or OSS
+interface. For more information on audio inputs and outputs see <xref
+                linkend="audio" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_RADIO</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00040000</entry>
+            <entry>This is a radio receiver.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_MODULATOR</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x00080000</entry>
+            <entry>The device has some sort of modulator to
+emit RF-modulated video/audio signals. For more information about
+modulator programming see
+<xref linkend="tuner" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_READWRITE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x01000000</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports the <link
+linkend="rw">read()</link> and/or <link linkend="rw">write()</link>
+I/O methods.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_ASYNCIO</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x02000000</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports the <link
+linkend="async">asynchronous</link> I/O methods.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_STREAMING</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x04000000</entry>
+            <entry>The device supports the <link
+linkend="mmap">streaming</link> I/O method.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The device is not compatible with this
+specification.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
+
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-queryctrl.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-queryctrl.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..4876ff1a1a04
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-queryctrl.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,428 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-queryctrl">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL, VIDIOC_QUERYMENU</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_QUERYMENU</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Enumerate controls and menu control items</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_queryctrl *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_querymenu *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL, VIDIOC_QUERYMENU</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>To query the attributes of a control applications set the
+<structfield>id</structfield> field of a &v4l2-queryctrl; and call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL</constant> ioctl with a pointer to this
+structure. The driver fills the rest of the structure or returns an
+&EINVAL; when the <structfield>id</structfield> is invalid.</para>
+
+    <para>It is possible to enumerate controls by calling
+<constant>VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL</constant> with successive
+<structfield>id</structfield> values starting from
+<constant>V4L2_CID_BASE</constant> up to and exclusive
+<constant>V4L2_CID_BASE_LASTP1</constant>. Drivers may return
+<errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode> if a control in this range is not
+supported. Further applications can enumerate private controls, which
+are not defined in this specification, by starting at
+<constant>V4L2_CID_PRIVATE_BASE</constant> and incrementing
+<structfield>id</structfield> until the driver returns
+<errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode>.</para>
+
+    <para>In both cases, when the driver sets the
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_DISABLED</constant> flag in the
+<structfield>flags</structfield> field this control is permanently
+disabled and should be ignored by the application.<footnote>
+        <para><constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_DISABLED</constant> was
+intended for two purposes: Drivers can skip predefined controls not
+supported by the hardware (although returning EINVAL would do as
+well), or disable predefined and private controls after hardware
+detection without the trouble of reordering control arrays and indices
+(EINVAL cannot be used to skip private controls because it would
+prematurely end the enumeration).</para></footnote></para>
+
+    <para>When the application ORs <structfield>id</structfield> with
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_NEXT_CTRL</constant> the driver returns the
+next supported control, or <errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode> if there is
+none. Drivers which do not support this flag yet always return
+<errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode>.</para>
+
+    <para>Additional information is required for menu controls: the
+names of the menu items. To query them applications set the
+<structfield>id</structfield> and <structfield>index</structfield>
+fields of &v4l2-querymenu; and call the
+<constant>VIDIOC_QUERYMENU</constant> ioctl with a pointer to this
+structure. The driver fills the rest of the structure or returns an
+&EINVAL; when the <structfield>id</structfield> or
+<structfield>index</structfield> is invalid. Menu items are enumerated
+by calling <constant>VIDIOC_QUERYMENU</constant> with successive
+<structfield>index</structfield> values from &v4l2-queryctrl;
+<structfield>minimum</structfield> (0) to
+<structfield>maximum</structfield>, inclusive.</para>
+
+    <para>See also the examples in <xref linkend="control" />.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-queryctrl">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_queryctrl</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>id</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Identifies the control, set by the application. See
+<xref linkend="control-id" /> for predefined IDs. When the ID is ORed
+with V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_NEXT_CTRL the driver clears the flag and returns
+the first control with a higher ID. Drivers which do not support this
+flag yet always return an &EINVAL;.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-ctrl-type;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Type of control, see <xref
+                linkend="v4l2-ctrl-type" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>name</structfield>[32]</entry>
+            <entry>Name of the control, a NUL-terminated ASCII
+string. This information is intended for the user.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__s32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>minimum</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Minimum value, inclusive. This field gives a lower
+bound for <constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_INTEGER</constant> controls and the
+lowest valid index (always 0) for <constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_MENU</constant> controls.
+For <constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_STRING</constant> controls the minimum value
+gives the minimum length of the string. This length <emphasis>does not include the terminating
+zero</emphasis>. It may not be valid for any other type of control, including
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_INTEGER64</constant> controls. Note that this is a
+signed value.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__s32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>maximum</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Maximum value, inclusive. This field gives an upper
+bound for <constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_INTEGER</constant> controls and the
+highest valid index for <constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_MENU</constant>
+controls.
+For <constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_STRING</constant> controls the maximum value
+gives the maximum length of the string. This length <emphasis>does not include the terminating
+zero</emphasis>. It may not be valid for any other type of control, including
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_INTEGER64</constant> controls. Note that this is a
+signed value.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__s32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>step</structfield></entry>
+            <entry><para>This field gives a step size for
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_INTEGER</constant> controls. For
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_STRING</constant> controls this field refers to
+the string length that has to be a multiple of this step size.
+It may not be valid for any other type of control, including
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_INTEGER64</constant>
+controls.</para><para>Generally drivers should not scale hardware
+control values. It may be necessary for example when the
+<structfield>name</structfield> or <structfield>id</structfield> imply
+a particular unit and the hardware actually accepts only multiples of
+said unit. If so, drivers must take care values are properly rounded
+when scaling, such that errors will not accumulate on repeated
+read-write cycles.</para><para>This field gives the smallest change of
+an integer control actually affecting hardware. Often the information
+is needed when the user can change controls by keyboard or GUI
+buttons, rather than a slider. When for example a hardware register
+accepts values 0-511 and the driver reports 0-65535, step should be
+128.</para><para>Note that although signed, the step value is supposed to
+be always positive.</para></entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__s32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>default_value</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The default value of a
+<constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_INTEGER</constant>,
+<constant>_BOOLEAN</constant> or <constant>_MENU</constant> control.
+Not valid for other types of controls. Drivers reset controls only
+when the driver is loaded, not later, in particular not when the
+func-open; is called.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>flags</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Control flags, see <xref
+                linkend="control-flags" />.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[2]</entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions. Drivers must set
+the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-querymenu">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_querymenu</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>id</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Identifies the control, set by the application
+from the respective &v4l2-queryctrl;
+<structfield>id</structfield>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>index</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Index of the menu item, starting at zero, set by
+            the application.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u8</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>name</structfield>[32]</entry>
+            <entry>Name of the menu item, a NUL-terminated ASCII
+string. This information is intended for the user.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions. Drivers must set
+the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-ctrl-type">
+      <title>enum v4l2_ctrl_type</title>
+      <tgroup cols="5" align="left">
+        <colspec colwidth="30*" />
+        <colspec colwidth="5*" align="center" />
+        <colspec colwidth="5*" align="center" />
+        <colspec colwidth="5*" align="center" />
+        <colspec colwidth="55*" />
+        <thead>
+          <row>
+            <entry>Type</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>minimum</structfield></entry>
+            <entry><structfield>step</structfield></entry>
+            <entry><structfield>maximum</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Description</entry>
+          </row>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_INTEGER</constant></entry>
+            <entry>any</entry>
+            <entry>any</entry>
+            <entry>any</entry>
+            <entry>An integer-valued control ranging from minimum to
+maximum inclusive. The step value indicates the increment between
+values which are actually different on the hardware.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_BOOLEAN</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>A boolean-valued control. Zero corresponds to
+"disabled", and one means "enabled".</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_MENU</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>1</entry>
+            <entry>N-1</entry>
+            <entry>The control has a menu of N choices. The names of
+the menu items can be enumerated with the
+<constant>VIDIOC_QUERYMENU</constant> ioctl.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_BUTTON</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>0</entry>
+            <entry>A control which performs an action when set.
+Drivers must ignore the value passed with
+<constant>VIDIOC_S_CTRL</constant> and return an &EINVAL; on a
+<constant>VIDIOC_G_CTRL</constant> attempt.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_INTEGER64</constant></entry>
+            <entry>n/a</entry>
+            <entry>n/a</entry>
+            <entry>n/a</entry>
+            <entry>A 64-bit integer valued control. Minimum, maximum
+and step size cannot be queried.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_STRING</constant></entry>
+            <entry>&ge; 0</entry>
+            <entry>&ge; 1</entry>
+            <entry>&ge; 0</entry>
+            <entry>The minimum and maximum string lengths. The step size
+means that the string must be (minimum + N * step) characters long for
+N &ge; 0. These lengths do not include the terminating zero, so in order to
+pass a string of length 8 to &VIDIOC-S-EXT-CTRLS; you need to set the
+<structfield>size</structfield> field of &v4l2-ext-control; to 9. For &VIDIOC-G-EXT-CTRLS; you can
+set the <structfield>size</structfield> field to <structfield>maximum</structfield> + 1.
+Which character encoding is used will depend on the string control itself and
+should be part of the control documentation.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_CTRL_CLASS</constant></entry>
+            <entry>n/a</entry>
+            <entry>n/a</entry>
+            <entry>n/a</entry>
+            <entry>This is not a control. When
+<constant>VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL</constant> is called with a control ID
+equal to a control class code (see <xref linkend="ctrl-class" />), the
+ioctl returns the name of the control class and this control type.
+Older drivers which do not support this feature return an
+&EINVAL;.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="control-flags">
+      <title>Control Flags</title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-def;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_DISABLED</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0001</entry>
+            <entry>This control is permanently disabled and should be
+ignored by the application. Any attempt to change the control will
+result in an &EINVAL;.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_GRABBED</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0002</entry>
+            <entry>This control is temporarily unchangeable, for
+example because another application took over control of the
+respective resource. Such controls may be displayed specially in a
+user interface. Attempts to change the control may result in an
+&EBUSY;.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_READ_ONLY</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0004</entry>
+            <entry>This control is permanently readable only. Any
+attempt to change the control will result in an &EINVAL;.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_UPDATE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0008</entry>
+            <entry>A hint that changing this control may affect the
+value of other controls within the same control class. Applications
+should update their user interface accordingly.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_INACTIVE</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0010</entry>
+            <entry>This control is not applicable to the current
+configuration and should be displayed accordingly in a user interface.
+For example the flag may be set on a MPEG audio level 2 bitrate
+control when MPEG audio encoding level 1 was selected with another
+control.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_SLIDER</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0020</entry>
+            <entry>A hint that this control is best represented as a
+slider-like element in a user interface.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry><constant>V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_WRITE_ONLY</constant></entry>
+            <entry>0x0040</entry>
+            <entry>This control is permanently writable only. Any
+attempt to read the control will result in an &EACCES; error code. This
+flag is typically present for relative controls or action controls where
+writing a value will cause the device to carry out a given action
+(&eg; motor control) but no meaningful value can be returned.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The &v4l2-queryctrl; <structfield>id</structfield>
+is invalid. The &v4l2-querymenu; <structfield>id</structfield> or
+<structfield>index</structfield> is invalid.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EACCES</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>An attempt was made to read a write-only control.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-querystd.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-querystd.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b5a7ff934486
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-querystd.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-querystd">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_QUERYSTD</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_QUERYSTD</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Sense the video standard received by the current
+input</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>v4l2_std_id *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+        <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_QUERYSTD</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>The hardware may be able to detect the current video
+standard automatically. To do so, applications call <constant>
+VIDIOC_QUERYSTD</constant> with a pointer to a &v4l2-std-id; type. The
+driver stores here a set of candidates, this can be a single flag or a
+set of supported standards if for example the hardware can only
+distinguish between 50 and 60 Hz systems. When detection is not
+possible or fails, the set must contain all standards supported by the
+current video input or output.</para>
+
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>This ioctl is not supported.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-reqbufs.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-reqbufs.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..bab38084454f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-reqbufs.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-reqbufs">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_REQBUFS</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_REQBUFS</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Initiate Memory Mapping or User Pointer I/O</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_requestbuffers *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_REQBUFS</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>This ioctl is used to initiate <link linkend="mmap">memory
+mapped</link> or <link linkend="userp">user pointer</link>
+I/O. Memory mapped buffers are located in device memory and must be
+allocated with this ioctl before they can be mapped into the
+application's address space. User buffers are allocated by
+applications themselves, and this ioctl is merely used to switch the
+driver into user pointer I/O mode.</para>
+
+    <para>To allocate device buffers applications initialize three
+fields of a <structname>v4l2_requestbuffers</structname> structure.
+They set the <structfield>type</structfield> field to the respective
+stream or buffer type, the <structfield>count</structfield> field to
+the desired number of buffers, and <structfield>memory</structfield>
+must be set to <constant>V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP</constant>. When the ioctl
+is called with a pointer to this structure the driver attempts to
+allocate the requested number of buffers and stores the actual number
+allocated in the <structfield>count</structfield> field. It can be
+smaller than the number requested, even zero, when the driver runs out
+of free memory. A larger number is possible when the driver requires
+more buffers to function correctly.<footnote>
+        <para>For example video output requires at least two buffers,
+one displayed and one filled by the application.</para>
+        </footnote> When memory mapping I/O is not supported the ioctl
+returns an &EINVAL;.</para>
+
+    <para>Applications can call <constant>VIDIOC_REQBUFS</constant>
+again to change the number of buffers, however this cannot succeed
+when any buffers are still mapped. A <structfield>count</structfield>
+value of zero frees all buffers, after aborting or finishing any DMA
+in progress, an implicit &VIDIOC-STREAMOFF;. <!-- mhs: I see no
+reason why munmap()ping one or even all buffers must imply
+streamoff.--></para>
+
+    <para>To negotiate user pointer I/O, applications initialize only
+the <structfield>type</structfield> field and set
+<structfield>memory</structfield> to
+<constant>V4L2_MEMORY_USERPTR</constant>. When the ioctl is called
+with a pointer to this structure the driver prepares for user pointer
+I/O, when this I/O method is not supported the ioctl returns an
+&EINVAL;.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-requestbuffers">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_requestbuffers</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>count</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The number of buffers requested or granted. This
+field is only used when <structfield>memory</structfield> is set to
+<constant>V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP</constant>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-buf-type;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Type of the stream or buffers, this is the same
+as the &v4l2-format; <structfield>type</structfield> field. See <xref
+                linkend="v4l2-buf-type" /> for valid values.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-memory;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>memory</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>Applications set this field to
+<constant>V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP</constant> or
+<constant>V4L2_MEMORY_USERPTR</constant>.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[2]</entry>
+            <entry>A place holder for future extensions and custom
+(driver defined) buffer types <constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_PRIVATE</constant> and
+higher.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The driver supports multiple opens and I/O is already
+in progress, or reallocation of buffers was attempted although one or
+more are still mapped.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The buffer type (<structfield>type</structfield> field) or the
+requested I/O method (<structfield>memory</structfield>) is not
+supported.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-s-hw-freq-seek.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-s-hw-freq-seek.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..14b3ec7ed75b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-s-hw-freq-seek.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-s-hw-freq-seek">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_S_HW_FREQ_SEEK</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_S_HW_FREQ_SEEK</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Perform a hardware frequency seek</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>struct v4l2_hw_freq_seek
+*<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_S_HW_FREQ_SEEK</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>Start a hardware frequency seek from the current frequency.
+To do this applications initialize the <structfield>tuner</structfield>,
+<structfield>type</structfield>, <structfield>seek_upward</structfield> and
+<structfield>wrap_around</structfield> fields, and zero out the
+<structfield>reserved</structfield> array of a &v4l2-hw-freq-seek; and
+call the <constant>VIDIOC_S_HW_FREQ_SEEK</constant> ioctl with a pointer
+to this structure.</para>
+
+    <para>This ioctl is supported if the <constant>V4L2_CAP_HW_FREQ_SEEK</constant> capability is set.</para>
+
+    <table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-hw-freq-seek">
+      <title>struct <structname>v4l2_hw_freq_seek</structname></title>
+      <tgroup cols="3">
+        &cs-str;
+        <tbody valign="top">
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>tuner</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The tuner index number. This is the
+same value as in the &v4l2-input; <structfield>tuner</structfield>
+field and the &v4l2-tuner; <structfield>index</structfield> field.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>&v4l2-tuner-type;</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>The tuner type. This is the same value as in the
+&v4l2-tuner; <structfield>type</structfield> field.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>seek_upward</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>If non-zero, seek upward from the current frequency, else seek downward.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>wrap_around</structfield></entry>
+            <entry>If non-zero, wrap around when at the end of the frequency range, else stop seeking.</entry>
+          </row>
+          <row>
+            <entry>__u32</entry>
+            <entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[8]</entry>
+            <entry>Reserved for future extensions. Drivers and
+            applications must set the array to zero.</entry>
+          </row>
+        </tbody>
+      </tgroup>
+    </table>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The <structfield>tuner</structfield> index is out of
+bounds or the value in the <structfield>type</structfield> field is
+wrong.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EAGAIN</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The ioctl timed-out. Try again.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-streamon.xml b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-streamon.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e42bff1f2c0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-streamon.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+<refentry id="vidioc-streamon">
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_STREAMON, VIDIOC_STREAMOFF</refentrytitle>
+    &manvol;
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_STREAMON</refname>
+    <refname>VIDIOC_STREAMOFF</refname>
+    <refpurpose>Start or stop streaming I/O</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>const int *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Arguments</title>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>&fd;</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>VIDIOC_STREAMON, VIDIOC_STREAMOFF</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para></para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>The <constant>VIDIOC_STREAMON</constant> and
+<constant>VIDIOC_STREAMOFF</constant> ioctl start and stop the capture
+or output process during streaming (<link linkend="mmap">memory
+mapping</link> or <link linkend="userp">user pointer</link>) I/O.</para>
+
+    <para>Specifically the capture hardware is disabled and no input
+buffers are filled (if there are any empty buffers in the incoming
+queue) until <constant>VIDIOC_STREAMON</constant> has been called.
+Accordingly the output hardware is disabled, no video signal is
+produced until <constant>VIDIOC_STREAMON</constant> has been called.
+The ioctl will succeed only when at least one output buffer is in the
+incoming queue.</para>
+
+    <para>The <constant>VIDIOC_STREAMOFF</constant> ioctl, apart of
+aborting or finishing any DMA in progress, unlocks any user pointer
+buffers locked in physical memory, and it removes all buffers from the
+incoming and outgoing queues. That means all images captured but not
+dequeued yet will be lost, likewise all images enqueued for output but
+not transmitted yet. I/O returns to the same state as after calling
+&VIDIOC-REQBUFS; and can be restarted accordingly.</para>
+
+    <para>Both ioctls take a pointer to an integer, the desired buffer or
+stream type. This is the same as &v4l2-requestbuffers;
+<structfield>type</structfield>.</para>
+
+    <para>Note applications can be preempted for unknown periods right
+before or after the <constant>VIDIOC_STREAMON</constant> or
+<constant>VIDIOC_STREAMOFF</constant> calls, there is no notion of
+starting or stopping "now". Buffer timestamps can be used to
+synchronize with other events.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    &return-value;
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Streaming I/O is not supported, the buffer
+<structfield>type</structfield> is not supported, or no buffers have
+been allocated (memory mapping) or enqueued (output) yet.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+</refentry>
+
+<!--
+Local Variables:
+mode: sgml
+sgml-parent-document: "v4l2.sgml"
+indent-tabs-mode: nil
+End:
+-->
diff --git a/Documentation/Intel-IOMMU.txt b/Documentation/Intel-IOMMU.txt
index 21bc416d887e..cf9431db8731 100644
--- a/Documentation/Intel-IOMMU.txt
+++ b/Documentation/Intel-IOMMU.txt
@@ -56,11 +56,7 @@ Graphics Problems?
 ------------------
 If you encounter issues with graphics devices, you can try adding
 option intel_iommu=igfx_off to turn off the integrated graphics engine.
-
-If it happens to be a PCI device included in the INCLUDE_ALL Engine,
-then try enabling CONFIG_DMAR_GFX_WA to setup a 1-1 map. We hear
-graphics drivers may be in process of using DMA api's in the near
-future and at that time this option can be yanked out.
+If this fixes anything, please ensure you file a bug reporting the problem.
 
 Some exceptions to IOVA
 -----------------------
diff --git a/Documentation/SubmittingPatches b/Documentation/SubmittingPatches
index 5c555a8b39e5..72651f788f4e 100644
--- a/Documentation/SubmittingPatches
+++ b/Documentation/SubmittingPatches
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ the MAN-PAGES maintainer (as listed in the MAINTAINERS file)
 a man-pages patch, or at least a notification of the change,
 so that some information makes its way into the manual pages.
 
-Even if the maintainer did not respond in step #4, make sure to ALWAYS
+Even if the maintainer did not respond in step #5, make sure to ALWAYS
 copy the maintainer when you change their code.
 
 For small patches you may want to CC the Trivial Patch Monkey
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ your e-mail client so that it sends your patches untouched.
 When sending patches to Linus, always follow step #7.
 
 Large changes are not appropriate for mailing lists, and some
-maintainers.  If your patch, uncompressed, exceeds 40 kB in size,
+maintainers.  If your patch, uncompressed, exceeds 300 kB in size,
 it is preferred that you store your patch on an Internet-accessible
 server, and provide instead a URL (link) pointing to your patch.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/accounting/getdelays.c b/Documentation/accounting/getdelays.c
index aa73e72fd793..6e25c2659e0a 100644
--- a/Documentation/accounting/getdelays.c
+++ b/Documentation/accounting/getdelays.c
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ error:
 }
 
 
-int send_cmd(int sd, __u16 nlmsg_type, __u32 nlmsg_pid,
+static int send_cmd(int sd, __u16 nlmsg_type, __u32 nlmsg_pid,
              __u8 genl_cmd, __u16 nla_type,
              void *nla_data, int nla_len)
 {
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ int send_cmd(int sd, __u16 nlmsg_type, __u32 nlmsg_pid,
  * Probe the controller in genetlink to find the family id
  * for the TASKSTATS family
  */
-int get_family_id(int sd)
+static int get_family_id(int sd)
 {
         struct {
                 struct nlmsghdr n;
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ int get_family_id(int sd)
         return id;
 }
 
-void print_delayacct(struct taskstats *t)
+static void print_delayacct(struct taskstats *t)
 {
         printf("\n\nCPU   %15s%15s%15s%15s\n"
                "      %15llu%15llu%15llu%15llu\n"
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ void print_delayacct(struct taskstats *t)
                (unsigned long long)t->freepages_delay_total);
 }
 
-void task_context_switch_counts(struct taskstats *t)
+static void task_context_switch_counts(struct taskstats *t)
 {
         printf("\n\nTask   %15s%15s\n"
                "       %15llu%15llu\n",
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ void task_context_switch_counts(struct taskstats *t)
                (unsigned long long)t->nvcsw, (unsigned long long)t->nivcsw);
 }
 
-void print_cgroupstats(struct cgroupstats *c)
+static void print_cgroupstats(struct cgroupstats *c)
 {
         printf("sleeping %llu, blocked %llu, running %llu, stopped %llu, "
                 "uninterruptible %llu\n", (unsigned long long)c->nr_sleeping,
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ void print_cgroupstats(struct cgroupstats *c)
 }
 
 
-void print_ioacct(struct taskstats *t)
+static void print_ioacct(struct taskstats *t)
 {
         printf("%s: read=%llu, write=%llu, cancelled_write=%llu\n",
                 t->ac_comm,
diff --git a/Documentation/arm/tcm.txt b/Documentation/arm/tcm.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..77fd9376e6d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/arm/tcm.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+ARM TCM (Tightly-Coupled Memory) handling in Linux
+----
+Written by Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@stericsson.com>
+
+Some ARM SoC:s have a so-called TCM (Tightly-Coupled Memory).
+This is usually just a few (4-64) KiB of RAM inside the ARM
+processor.
+
+Due to being embedded inside the CPU The TCM has a
+Harvard-architecture, so there is an ITCM (instruction TCM)
+and a DTCM (data TCM). The DTCM can not contain any
+instructions, but the ITCM can actually contain data.
+The size of DTCM or ITCM is minimum 4KiB so the typical
+minimum configuration is 4KiB ITCM and 4KiB DTCM.
+
+ARM CPU:s have special registers to read out status, physical
+location and size of TCM memories. arch/arm/include/asm/cputype.h
+defines a CPUID_TCM register that you can read out from the
+system control coprocessor. Documentation from ARM can be found
+at http://infocenter.arm.com, search for "TCM Status Register"
+to see documents for all CPUs. Reading this register you can
+determine if ITCM (bit 0) and/or DTCM (bit 16) is present in the
+machine.
+
+There is further a TCM region register (search for "TCM Region
+Registers" at the ARM site) that can report and modify the location
+size of TCM memories at runtime. This is used to read out and modify
+TCM location and size. Notice that this is not a MMU table: you
+actually move the physical location of the TCM around. At the
+place you put it, it will mask any underlying RAM from the
+CPU so it is usually wise not to overlap any physical RAM with
+the TCM.
+
+The TCM memory can then be remapped to another address again using
+the MMU, but notice that the TCM if often used in situations where
+the MMU is turned off. To avoid confusion the current Linux
+implementation will map the TCM 1 to 1 from physical to virtual
+memory in the location specified by the machine.
+
+TCM is used for a few things:
+
+- FIQ and other interrupt handlers that need deterministic
+  timing and cannot wait for cache misses.
+
+- Idle loops where all external RAM is set to self-refresh
+  retention mode, so only on-chip RAM is accessible by
+  the CPU and then we hang inside ITCM waiting for an
+  interrupt.
+
+- Other operations which implies shutting off or reconfiguring
+  the external RAM controller.
+
+There is an interface for using TCM on the ARM architecture
+in <asm/tcm.h>. Using this interface it is possible to:
+
+- Define the physical address and size of ITCM and DTCM.
+
+- Tag functions to be compiled into ITCM.
+
+- Tag data and constants to be allocated to DTCM and ITCM.
+
+- Have the remaining TCM RAM added to a special
+  allocation pool with gen_pool_create() and gen_pool_add()
+  and provice tcm_alloc() and tcm_free() for this
+  memory. Such a heap is great for things like saving
+  device state when shutting off device power domains.
+
+A machine that has TCM memory shall select HAVE_TCM in
+arch/arm/Kconfig for itself, and then the
+rest of the functionality will depend on the physical
+location and size of ITCM and DTCM to be defined in
+mach/memory.h for the machine. Code that needs to use
+TCM shall #include <asm/tcm.h> If the TCM is not located
+at the place given in memory.h it will be moved using
+the TCM Region registers.
+
+Functions to go into itcm can be tagged like this:
+int __tcmfunc foo(int bar);
+
+Variables to go into dtcm can be tagged like this:
+int __tcmdata foo;
+
+Constants can be tagged like this:
+int __tcmconst foo;
+
+To put assembler into TCM just use
+.section ".tcm.text" or .section ".tcm.data"
+respectively.
+
+Example code:
+
+#include <asm/tcm.h>
+
+/* Uninitialized data */
+static u32 __tcmdata tcmvar;
+/* Initialized data */
+static u32 __tcmdata tcmassigned = 0x2BADBABEU;
+/* Constant */
+static const u32 __tcmconst tcmconst = 0xCAFEBABEU;
+
+static void __tcmlocalfunc tcm_to_tcm(void)
+{
+        int i;
+        for (i = 0; i < 100; i++)
+                tcmvar ++;
+}
+
+static void __tcmfunc hello_tcm(void)
+{
+        /* Some abstract code that runs in ITCM */
+        int i;
+        for (i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
+                tcmvar ++;
+        }
+        tcm_to_tcm();
+}
+
+static void __init test_tcm(void)
+{
+        u32 *tcmem;
+        int i;
+
+        hello_tcm();
+        printk("Hello TCM executed from ITCM RAM\n");
+
+        printk("TCM variable from testrun: %u @ %p\n", tcmvar, &tcmvar);
+        tcmvar = 0xDEADBEEFU;
+        printk("TCM variable: 0x%x @ %p\n", tcmvar, &tcmvar);
+
+        printk("TCM assigned variable: 0x%x @ %p\n", tcmassigned, &tcmassigned);
+
+        printk("TCM constant: 0x%x @ %p\n", tcmconst, &tcmconst);
+
+        /* Allocate some TCM memory from the pool */
+        tcmem = tcm_alloc(20);
+        if (tcmem) {
+                printk("TCM Allocated 20 bytes of TCM @ %p\n", tcmem);
+                tcmem[0] = 0xDEADBEEFU;
+                tcmem[1] = 0x2BADBABEU;
+                tcmem[2] = 0xCAFEBABEU;
+                tcmem[3] = 0xDEADBEEFU;
+                tcmem[4] = 0x2BADBABEU;
+                for (i = 0; i < 5; i++)
+                        printk("TCM tcmem[%d] = %08x\n", i, tcmem[i]);
+                tcm_free(tcmem, 20);
+        }
+}
diff --git a/Documentation/auxdisplay/cfag12864b-example.c b/Documentation/auxdisplay/cfag12864b-example.c
index 2caeea5e4993..e7823ffb1ca0 100644
--- a/Documentation/auxdisplay/cfag12864b-example.c
+++ b/Documentation/auxdisplay/cfag12864b-example.c
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ unsigned char cfag12864b_buffer[CFAG12864B_SIZE];
  * Unable to open: return = -1
  * Unable to mmap: return = -2
  */
-int cfag12864b_init(char *path)
+static int cfag12864b_init(char *path)
 {
         cfag12864b_fd = open(path, O_RDWR);
         if (cfag12864b_fd == -1)
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ int cfag12864b_init(char *path)
 /*
  * exit a cfag12864b framebuffer device
  */
-void cfag12864b_exit(void)
+static void cfag12864b_exit(void)
 {
         munmap(cfag12864b_mem, CFAG12864B_SIZE);
         close(cfag12864b_fd);
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ void cfag12864b_exit(void)
 /*
  * set (x, y) pixel
  */
-void cfag12864b_set(unsigned char x, unsigned char y)
+static void cfag12864b_set(unsigned char x, unsigned char y)
 {
         if (CFAG12864B_CHECK(x, y))
                 cfag12864b_buffer[CFAG12864B_ADDRESS(x, y)] |=
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ void cfag12864b_set(unsigned char x, unsigned char y)
 /*
  * unset (x, y) pixel
  */
-void cfag12864b_unset(unsigned char x, unsigned char y)
+static void cfag12864b_unset(unsigned char x, unsigned char y)
 {
         if (CFAG12864B_CHECK(x, y))
                 cfag12864b_buffer[CFAG12864B_ADDRESS(x, y)] &=
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ void cfag12864b_unset(unsigned char x, unsigned char y)
  * Pixel off: return = 0
  * Pixel on:  return = 1
  */
-unsigned char cfag12864b_isset(unsigned char x, unsigned char y)
+static unsigned char cfag12864b_isset(unsigned char x, unsigned char y)
 {
         if (CFAG12864B_CHECK(x, y))
                 if (cfag12864b_buffer[CFAG12864B_ADDRESS(x, y)] &
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ unsigned char cfag12864b_isset(unsigned char x, unsigned char y)
 /*
  * not (x, y) pixel
  */
-void cfag12864b_not(unsigned char x, unsigned char y)
+static void cfag12864b_not(unsigned char x, unsigned char y)
 {
         if (cfag12864b_isset(x, y))
                 cfag12864b_unset(x, y);
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ void cfag12864b_not(unsigned char x, unsigned char y)
 /*
  * fill (set all pixels)
  */
-void cfag12864b_fill(void)
+static void cfag12864b_fill(void)
 {
         unsigned short i;
 
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ void cfag12864b_fill(void)
 /*
  * clear (unset all pixels)
  */
-void cfag12864b_clear(void)
+static void cfag12864b_clear(void)
 {
         unsigned short i;
 
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ void cfag12864b_clear(void)
  * Pixel off: src[i] = 0
  * Pixel on:  src[i] > 0
  */
-void cfag12864b_format(unsigned char * matrix)
+static void cfag12864b_format(unsigned char * matrix)
 {
         unsigned char i, j, n;
 
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ void cfag12864b_format(unsigned char * matrix)
 /*
  * blit buffer to lcd
  */
-void cfag12864b_blit(void)
+static void cfag12864b_blit(void)
 {
         memcpy(cfag12864b_mem, cfag12864b_buffer, CFAG12864B_SIZE);
 }
@@ -194,11 +194,10 @@ void cfag12864b_blit(void)
  */
 
 #include <stdio.h>
-#include <string.h>
 
 #define EXAMPLES        6
 
-void example(unsigned char n)
+static void example(unsigned char n)
 {
         unsigned short i, j;
         unsigned char matrix[CFAG12864B_WIDTH * CFAG12864B_HEIGHT];
diff --git a/Documentation/cgroups/cgroups.txt b/Documentation/cgroups/cgroups.txt
index 6eb1a97e88ce..455d4e6d346d 100644
--- a/Documentation/cgroups/cgroups.txt
+++ b/Documentation/cgroups/cgroups.txt
@@ -408,6 +408,26 @@ You can attach the current shell task by echoing 0:
 
 # echo 0 > tasks
 
+2.3 Mounting hierarchies by name
+--------------------------------
+
+Passing the name=<x> option when mounting a cgroups hierarchy
+associates the given name with the hierarchy.  This can be used when
+mounting a pre-existing hierarchy, in order to refer to it by name
+rather than by its set of active subsystems.  Each hierarchy is either
+nameless, or has a unique name.
+
+The name should match [\w.-]+
+
+When passing a name=<x> option for a new hierarchy, you need to
+specify subsystems manually; the legacy behaviour of mounting all
+subsystems when none are explicitly specified is not supported when
+you give a subsystem a name.
+
+The name of the subsystem appears as part of the hierarchy description
+in /proc/mounts and /proc/<pid>/cgroups.
+
+
 3. Kernel API
 =============
 
@@ -501,7 +521,7 @@ rmdir() will fail with it. From this behavior, pre_destroy() can be
 called multiple times against a cgroup.
 
 int can_attach(struct cgroup_subsys *ss, struct cgroup *cgrp,
-               struct task_struct *task)
+               struct task_struct *task, bool threadgroup)
 (cgroup_mutex held by caller)
 
 Called prior to moving a task into a cgroup; if the subsystem
@@ -509,14 +529,20 @@ returns an error, this will abort the attach operation.  If a NULL
 task is passed, then a successful result indicates that *any*
 unspecified task can be moved into the cgroup. Note that this isn't
 called on a fork. If this method returns 0 (success) then this should
-remain valid while the caller holds cgroup_mutex.
+remain valid while the caller holds cgroup_mutex. If threadgroup is
+true, then a successful result indicates that all threads in the given
+thread's threadgroup can be moved together.
 
 void attach(struct cgroup_subsys *ss, struct cgroup *cgrp,
-            struct cgroup *old_cgrp, struct task_struct *task)
+            struct cgroup *old_cgrp, struct task_struct *task,
+            bool threadgroup)
 (cgroup_mutex held by caller)
 
 Called after the task has been attached to the cgroup, to allow any
 post-attachment activity that requires memory allocations or blocking.
+If threadgroup is true, the subsystem should take care of all threads
+in the specified thread's threadgroup. Currently does not support any
+subsystem that might need the old_cgrp for every thread in the group.
 
 void fork(struct cgroup_subsy *ss, struct task_struct *task)
 
diff --git a/Documentation/cgroups/memory.txt b/Documentation/cgroups/memory.txt
index 23d1262c0775..b871f2552b45 100644
--- a/Documentation/cgroups/memory.txt
+++ b/Documentation/cgroups/memory.txt
@@ -179,6 +179,9 @@ The reclaim algorithm has not been modified for cgroups, except that
 pages that are selected for reclaiming come from the per cgroup LRU
 list.
 
+NOTE: Reclaim does not work for the root cgroup, since we cannot set any
+limits on the root cgroup.
+
 2. Locking
 
 The memory controller uses the following hierarchy
@@ -210,6 +213,7 @@ We can alter the memory limit:
 NOTE: We can use a suffix (k, K, m, M, g or G) to indicate values in kilo,
 mega or gigabytes.
 NOTE: We can write "-1" to reset the *.limit_in_bytes(unlimited).
+NOTE: We cannot set limits on the root cgroup any more.
 
 # cat /cgroups/0/memory.limit_in_bytes
 4194304
@@ -375,7 +379,42 @@ cgroups created below it.
 
 NOTE2: This feature can be enabled/disabled per subtree.
 
-7. TODO
+7. Soft limits
+
+Soft limits allow for greater sharing of memory. The idea behind soft limits
+is to allow control groups to use as much of the memory as needed, provided
+
+a. There is no memory contention
+b. They do not exceed their hard limit
+
+When the system detects memory contention or low memory control groups
+are pushed back to their soft limits. If the soft limit of each control
+group is very high, they are pushed back as much as possible to make
+sure that one control group does not starve the others of memory.
+
+Please note that soft limits is a best effort feature, it comes with
+no guarantees, but it does its best to make sure that when memory is
+heavily contended for, memory is allocated based on the soft limit
+hints/setup. Currently soft limit based reclaim is setup such that
+it gets invoked from balance_pgdat (kswapd).
+
+7.1 Interface
+
+Soft limits can be setup by using the following commands (in this example we
+assume a soft limit of 256 megabytes)
+
+# echo 256M > memory.soft_limit_in_bytes
+
+If we want to change this to 1G, we can at any time use
+
+# echo 1G > memory.soft_limit_in_bytes
+
+NOTE1: Soft limits take effect over a long period of time, since they involve
+       reclaiming memory for balancing between memory cgroups
+NOTE2: It is recommended to set the soft limit always below the hard limit,
+       otherwise the hard limit will take precedence.
+
+8. TODO
 
 1. Add support for accounting huge pages (as a separate controller)
 2. Make per-cgroup scanner reclaim not-shared pages first
diff --git a/Documentation/connector/cn_test.c b/Documentation/connector/cn_test.c
index 1711adc33373..b07add3467f1 100644
--- a/Documentation/connector/cn_test.c
+++ b/Documentation/connector/cn_test.c
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ static char cn_test_name[] = "cn_test";
 static struct sock *nls;
 static struct timer_list cn_test_timer;
 
-static void cn_test_callback(struct cn_msg *msg)
+static void cn_test_callback(struct cn_msg *msg, struct netlink_skb_parms *nsp)
 {
         pr_info("%s: %lu: idx=%x, val=%x, seq=%u, ack=%u, len=%d: %s.\n",
                 __func__, jiffies, msg->id.idx, msg->id.val,
diff --git a/Documentation/connector/connector.txt b/Documentation/connector/connector.txt
index 81e6bf6ead57..78c9466a9aa8 100644
--- a/Documentation/connector/connector.txt
+++ b/Documentation/connector/connector.txt
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ handling, etc...  The Connector driver allows any kernelspace agents to use
 netlink based networking for inter-process communication in a significantly
 easier way:
 
-int cn_add_callback(struct cb_id *id, char *name, void (*callback) (void *));
+int cn_add_callback(struct cb_id *id, char *name, void (*callback) (struct cn_msg *, struct netlink_skb_parms *));
 void cn_netlink_send(struct cn_msg *msg, u32 __group, int gfp_mask);
 
 struct cb_id
@@ -53,15 +53,15 @@ struct cn_msg
 Connector interfaces.
 /*****************************************/
 
-int cn_add_callback(struct cb_id *id, char *name, void (*callback) (void *));
+int cn_add_callback(struct cb_id *id, char *name, void (*callback) (struct cn_msg *, struct netlink_skb_parms *));
 
  Registers new callback with connector core.
 
  struct cb_id *id               - unique connector's user identifier.
                                   It must be registered in connector.h for legal in-kernel users.
  char *name                     - connector's callback symbolic name.
- void (*callback) (void *)      - connector's callback.
-                                  Argument must be dereferenced to struct cn_msg *.
+ void (*callback) (struct cn..) - connector's callback.
+                                  cn_msg and the sender's credentials
 
 
 void cn_del_callback(struct cb_id *id);
diff --git a/Documentation/crypto/async-tx-api.txt b/Documentation/crypto/async-tx-api.txt
index 9f59fcbf5d82..ba046b8fa92f 100644
--- a/Documentation/crypto/async-tx-api.txt
+++ b/Documentation/crypto/async-tx-api.txt
@@ -54,20 +54,23 @@ features surfaced as a result:
 
 3.1 General format of the API:
 struct dma_async_tx_descriptor *
-async_<operation>(<op specific parameters>,
-                  enum async_tx_flags flags,
-                  struct dma_async_tx_descriptor *dependency,
-                  dma_async_tx_callback callback_routine,
-                  void *callback_parameter);
+async_<operation>(<op specific parameters>, struct async_submit ctl *submit)
 
 3.2 Supported operations:
-memcpy       - memory copy between a source and a destination buffer
-memset       - fill a destination buffer with a byte value
-xor          - xor a series of source buffers and write the result to a
-               destination buffer
-xor_zero_sum - xor a series of source buffers and set a flag if the
-               result is zero.  The implementation attempts to prevent
-               writes to memory
+memcpy  - memory copy between a source and a destination buffer
+memset  - fill a destination buffer with a byte value
+xor     - xor a series of source buffers and write the result to a
+          destination buffer
+xor_val - xor a series of source buffers and set a flag if the
+          result is zero.  The implementation attempts to prevent
+          writes to memory
+pq      - generate the p+q (raid6 syndrome) from a series of source buffers
+pq_val  - validate that a p and or q buffer are in sync with a given series of
+          sources
+datap   - (raid6_datap_recov) recover a raid6 data block and the p block
+          from the given sources
+2data   - (raid6_2data_recov) recover 2 raid6 data blocks from the given
+          sources
 
 3.3 Descriptor management:
 The return value is non-NULL and points to a 'descriptor' when the operation
@@ -80,8 +83,8 @@ acknowledged by the application before the offload engine driver is allowed to
 recycle (or free) the descriptor.  A descriptor can be acked by one of the
 following methods:
 1/ setting the ASYNC_TX_ACK flag if no child operations are to be submitted
-2/ setting the ASYNC_TX_DEP_ACK flag to acknowledge the parent
-   descriptor of a new operation.
+2/ submitting an unacknowledged descriptor as a dependency to another
+   async_tx call will implicitly set the acknowledged state.
 3/ calling async_tx_ack() on the descriptor.
 
 3.4 When does the operation execute?
@@ -119,30 +122,42 @@ of an operation.
 Perform a xor->copy->xor operation where each operation depends on the
 result from the previous operation:
 
-void complete_xor_copy_xor(void *param)
+void callback(void *param)
 {
-        printk("complete\n");
+        struct completion *cmp = param;
+
+        complete(cmp);
 }
 
-int run_xor_copy_xor(struct page **xor_srcs,
-                     int xor_src_cnt,
-                     struct page *xor_dest,
-                     size_t xor_len,
-                     struct page *copy_src,
-                     struct page *copy_dest,
-                     size_t copy_len)
+void run_xor_copy_xor(struct page **xor_srcs,
+                      int xor_src_cnt,
+                      struct page *xor_dest,
+                      size_t xor_len,
+                      struct page *copy_src,
+                      struct page *copy_dest,
+                      size_t copy_len)
 {
         struct dma_async_tx_descriptor *tx;
+        addr_conv_t addr_conv[xor_src_cnt];
+        struct async_submit_ctl submit;
+        addr_conv_t addr_conv[NDISKS];
+        struct completion cmp;
+
+        init_async_submit(&submit, ASYNC_TX_XOR_DROP_DST, NULL, NULL, NULL,
+                          addr_conv);
+        tx = async_xor(xor_dest, xor_srcs, 0, xor_src_cnt, xor_len, &submit)
 
-        tx = async_xor(xor_dest, xor_srcs, 0, xor_src_cnt, xor_len,
-                       ASYNC_TX_XOR_DROP_DST, NULL, NULL, NULL);
-        tx = async_memcpy(copy_dest, copy_src, 0, 0, copy_len,
-                          ASYNC_TX_DEP_ACK, tx, NULL, NULL);
-        tx = async_xor(xor_dest, xor_srcs, 0, xor_src_cnt, xor_len,
-                       ASYNC_TX_XOR_DROP_DST | ASYNC_TX_DEP_ACK | ASYNC_TX_ACK,
-                       tx, complete_xor_copy_xor, NULL);
+        submit->depend_tx = tx;
+        tx = async_memcpy(copy_dest, copy_src, 0, 0, copy_len, &submit);
+
+        init_completion(&cmp);
+        init_async_submit(&submit, ASYNC_TX_XOR_DROP_DST | ASYNC_TX_ACK, tx,
+                          callback, &cmp, addr_conv);
+        tx = async_xor(xor_dest, xor_srcs, 0, xor_src_cnt, xor_len, &submit);
 
         async_tx_issue_pending_all();
+
+        wait_for_completion(&cmp);
 }
 
 See include/linux/async_tx.h for more information on the flags.  See the
diff --git a/Documentation/dvb/get_dvb_firmware b/Documentation/dvb/get_dvb_firmware
index 3d1b0ab70c8e..14b7b5a3bcb9 100644
--- a/Documentation/dvb/get_dvb_firmware
+++ b/Documentation/dvb/get_dvb_firmware
@@ -25,7 +25,8 @@ use IO::Handle;
                 "tda10046lifeview", "av7110", "dec2000t", "dec2540t",
                 "dec3000s", "vp7041", "dibusb", "nxt2002", "nxt2004",
                 "or51211", "or51132_qam", "or51132_vsb", "bluebird",
-                "opera1", "cx231xx", "cx18", "cx23885", "pvrusb2", "mpc718" );
+                "opera1", "cx231xx", "cx18", "cx23885", "pvrusb2", "mpc718",
+                "af9015");
 
 # Check args
 syntax() if (scalar(@ARGV) != 1);
@@ -514,6 +515,40 @@ sub bluebird {
         $outfile;
 }
 
+sub af9015 {
+        my $sourcefile = "download.ashx?file=57";
+        my $url = "http://www.ite.com.tw/EN/Services/$sourcefile";
+        my $hash = "ff5b096ed47c080870eacdab2de33ad6";
+        my $outfile = "dvb-usb-af9015.fw";
+        my $tmpdir = tempdir(DIR => "/tmp", CLEANUP => 1);
+        my $fwoffset = 0x22708;
+        my $fwlength = 18225;
+        my ($chunklength, $buf, $rcount);
+
+        checkstandard();
+
+        wgetfile($sourcefile, $url);
+        unzip($sourcefile, $tmpdir);
+        verify("$tmpdir/Driver/Files/AF15BDA.sys", $hash);
+
+        open INFILE, '<', "$tmpdir/Driver/Files/AF15BDA.sys";
+        open OUTFILE, '>', $outfile;
+
+        sysseek(INFILE, $fwoffset, SEEK_SET);
+        while($fwlength > 0) {
+                $chunklength = 55;
+                $chunklength = $fwlength if ($chunklength > $fwlength);
+                $rcount = sysread(INFILE, $buf, $chunklength);
+                die "Ran out of data\n" if ($rcount != $chunklength);
+                syswrite(OUTFILE, $buf);
+                sysread(INFILE, $buf, 8);
+                $fwlength -= $rcount + 8;
+        }
+
+        close OUTFILE;
+        close INFILE;
+}
+
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------
 # Utilities
 
diff --git a/Documentation/dvb/technisat.txt b/Documentation/dvb/technisat.txt
index 3f435ffb289c..f0cc4f2d8365 100644
--- a/Documentation/dvb/technisat.txt
+++ b/Documentation/dvb/technisat.txt
@@ -4,9 +4,12 @@ How to set up the Technisat/B2C2 Flexcop devices
 1) Find out what device you have
 ================================
 
+Important Notice: The driver does NOT support Technisat USB 2 devices!
+
 First start your linux box with a shipped kernel:
 lspci -vvv for a PCI device (lsusb -vvv for an USB device) will show you for example:
-02:0b.0 Network controller: Techsan Electronics Co Ltd B2C2 FlexCopII DVB chip / Technisat SkyStar2 DVB card (rev 02)
+02:0b.0 Network controller: Techsan Electronics Co Ltd B2C2 FlexCopII DVB chip /
+ Technisat SkyStar2 DVB card (rev 02)
 
 dmesg | grep frontend may show you for example:
 DVB: registering frontend 0 (Conexant CX24123/CX24109)...
@@ -14,62 +17,62 @@ DVB: registering frontend 0 (Conexant CX24123/CX24109)...
 2) Kernel compilation:
 ======================
 
-If the Technisat is the only TV device in your box get rid of unnecessary modules and check this one:
-"Multimedia devices" => "Customise analog and hybrid tuner modules to build"
-In this directory uncheck every driver which is activated there (except "Simple tuner support" for case 9 only).
+If the Flexcop / Technisat is the only DVB / TV / Radio device in your box
+ get rid of unnecessary modules and check this one:
+"Multimedia support" => "Customise analog and hybrid tuner modules to build"
+In this directory uncheck every driver which is activated there
+ (except "Simple tuner support" for ATSC 3rd generation only -> see case 9 please).
 
 Then please activate:
 2a) Main module part:
+"Multimedia support" => "DVB/ATSC adapters"
+ => "Technisat/B2C2 FlexcopII(b) and FlexCopIII adapters"
 
-a.)"Multimedia devices" => "DVB/ATSC adapters" => "Technisat/B2C2 FlexcopII(b) and FlexCopIII adapters"
-b.)"Multimedia devices" => "DVB/ATSC adapters" => "Technisat/B2C2 FlexcopII(b) and FlexCopIII adapters" => "Technisat/B2C2 Air/Sky/Cable2PC PCI" in case of a PCI card
-OR
-c.)"Multimedia devices" => "DVB/ATSC adapters" => "Technisat/B2C2 FlexcopII(b) and FlexCopIII adapters" => "Technisat/B2C2 Air/Sky/Cable2PC USB" in case of an USB 1.1 adapter
-d.)"Multimedia devices" => "DVB/ATSC adapters" => "Technisat/B2C2 FlexcopII(b) and FlexCopIII adapters" => "Enable debug for the B2C2 FlexCop drivers"
-Notice: d.) is helpful for troubleshooting
+a.) => "Technisat/B2C2 Air/Sky/Cable2PC PCI" (PCI card) or
+b.) => "Technisat/B2C2 Air/Sky/Cable2PC USB" (USB 1.1 adapter)
+ and for troubleshooting purposes:
+c.) => "Enable debug for the B2C2 FlexCop drivers"
 
-2b) Frontend module part:
+2b) Frontend / Tuner / Demodulator module part:
+"Multimedia support" => "DVB/ATSC adapters"
+ => "Customise the frontend modules to build" "Customise DVB frontends" =>
 
 1.) SkyStar DVB-S Revision 2.3:
-a.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "Customise the frontend modules to build"
-b.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "Zarlink VP310/MT312/ZL10313 based"
+a.) => "Zarlink VP310/MT312/ZL10313 based"
+b.) => "Generic I2C PLL based tuners"
 
 2.) SkyStar DVB-S Revision 2.6:
-a.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "Customise the frontend modules to build"
-b.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "ST STV0299 based"
+a.) => "ST STV0299 based"
+b.) => "Generic I2C PLL based tuners"
 
 3.) SkyStar DVB-S Revision 2.7:
-a.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "Customise the frontend modules to build"
-b.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "Samsung S5H1420 based"
-c.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "Integrant ITD1000 Zero IF tuner for DVB-S/DSS"
-d.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "ISL6421 SEC controller"
+a.) => "Samsung S5H1420 based"
+b.) => "Integrant ITD1000 Zero IF tuner for DVB-S/DSS"
+c.) => "ISL6421 SEC controller"
 
 4.) SkyStar DVB-S Revision 2.8:
-a.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "Customise the frontend modules to build"
-b.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "Conexant CX24113/CX24128 tuner for DVB-S/DSS"
-c.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "Conexant CX24123 based"
-d.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "ISL6421 SEC controller"
+a.) => "Conexant CX24123 based"
+b.) => "Conexant CX24113/CX24128 tuner for DVB-S/DSS"
+c.) => "ISL6421 SEC controller"
 
 5.) AirStar DVB-T card:
-a.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "Customise the frontend modules to build"
-b.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "Zarlink MT352 based"
+a.) => "Zarlink MT352 based"
+b.) => "Generic I2C PLL based tuners"
 
 6.) CableStar DVB-C card:
-a.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "Customise the frontend modules to build"
-b.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "ST STV0297 based"
+a.) => "ST STV0297 based"
+b.) => "Generic I2C PLL based tuners"
 
 7.) AirStar ATSC card 1st generation:
-a.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "Customise the frontend modules to build"
-b.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "Broadcom BCM3510"
+a.) => "Broadcom BCM3510"
 
 8.) AirStar ATSC card 2nd generation:
-a.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "Customise the frontend modules to build"
-b.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "NxtWave Communications NXT2002/NXT2004 based"
-c.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "Generic I2C PLL based tuners"
+a.) => "NxtWave Communications NXT2002/NXT2004 based"
+b.) => "Generic I2C PLL based tuners"
 
 9.) AirStar ATSC card 3rd generation:
-a.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "Customise the frontend modules to build"
-b.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "LG Electronics LGDT3302/LGDT3303 based"
-c.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise analog and hybrid tuner modules to build" => "Simple tuner support"
+a.) => "LG Electronics LGDT3302/LGDT3303 based"
+b.) "Multimedia support" => "Customise analog and hybrid tuner modules to build"
+ => "Simple tuner support"
 
-Author: Uwe Bugla <uwe.bugla@gmx.de> February 2009
+Author: Uwe Bugla <uwe.bugla@gmx.de> August 2009
diff --git a/Documentation/fb/ep93xx-fb.txt b/Documentation/fb/ep93xx-fb.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..5af1bd9effae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/fb/ep93xx-fb.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+================================
+Driver for EP93xx LCD controller
+================================
+
+The EP93xx LCD controller can drive both standard desktop monitors and
+embedded LCD displays. If you have a standard desktop monitor then you
+can use the standard Linux video mode database. In your board file:
+
+        static struct ep93xxfb_mach_info some_board_fb_info = {
+                .num_modes      = EP93XXFB_USE_MODEDB,
+                .bpp            = 16,
+        };
+
+If you have an embedded LCD display then you need to define a video
+mode for it as follows:
+
+        static struct fb_videomode some_board_video_modes[] = {
+                {
+                        .name           = "some_lcd_name",
+                        /* Pixel clock, porches, etc */
+                },
+        };
+
+Note that the pixel clock value is in pico-seconds. You can use the
+KHZ2PICOS macro to convert the pixel clock value. Most other values
+are in pixel clocks. See Documentation/fb/framebuffer.txt for further
+details.
+
+The ep93xxfb_mach_info structure for your board should look like the
+following:
+
+        static struct ep93xxfb_mach_info some_board_fb_info = {
+                .num_modes      = ARRAY_SIZE(some_board_video_modes),
+                .modes          = some_board_video_modes,
+                .default_mode   = &some_board_video_modes[0],
+                .bpp            = 16,
+        };
+
+The framebuffer device can be registered by adding the following to
+your board initialisation function:
+
+        ep93xx_register_fb(&some_board_fb_info);
+
+=====================
+Video Attribute Flags
+=====================
+
+The ep93xxfb_mach_info structure has a flags field which can be used
+to configure the controller. The video attributes flags are fully
+documented in section 7 of the EP93xx users' guide. The following
+flags are available:
+
+EP93XXFB_PCLK_FALLING           Clock data on the falling edge of the
+                                pixel clock. The default is to clock
+                                data on the rising edge.
+
+EP93XXFB_SYNC_BLANK_HIGH        Blank signal is active high. By
+                                default the blank signal is active low.
+
+EP93XXFB_SYNC_HORIZ_HIGH        Horizontal sync is active high. By
+                                default the horizontal sync is active low.
+
+EP93XXFB_SYNC_VERT_HIGH         Vertical sync is active high. By
+                                default the vertical sync is active high.
+
+The physical address of the framebuffer can be controlled using the
+following flags:
+
+EP93XXFB_USE_SDCSN0             Use SDCSn[0] for the framebuffer. This
+                                is the default setting.
+
+EP93XXFB_USE_SDCSN1             Use SDCSn[1] for the framebuffer.
+
+EP93XXFB_USE_SDCSN2             Use SDCSn[2] for the framebuffer.
+
+EP93XXFB_USE_SDCSN3             Use SDCSn[3] for the framebuffer.
+
+==================
+Platform callbacks
+==================
+
+The EP93xx framebuffer driver supports three optional platform
+callbacks: setup, teardown and blank. The setup and teardown functions
+are called when the framebuffer driver is installed and removed
+respectively. The blank function is called whenever the display is
+blanked or unblanked.
+
+The setup and teardown devices pass the platform_device structure as
+an argument. The fb_info and ep93xxfb_mach_info structures can be
+obtained as follows:
+
+        static int some_board_fb_setup(struct platform_device *pdev)
+        {
+                struct ep93xxfb_mach_info *mach_info = pdev->dev.platform_data;
+                struct fb_info *fb_info = platform_get_drvdata(pdev);
+
+                /* Board specific framebuffer setup */
+        }
+
+======================
+Setting the video mode
+======================
+
+The video mode is set using the following syntax:
+
+        video=XRESxYRES[-BPP][@REFRESH]
+
+If the EP93xx video driver is built-in then the video mode is set on
+the Linux kernel command line, for example:
+
+        video=ep93xx-fb:800x600-16@60
+
+If the EP93xx video driver is built as a module then the video mode is
+set when the module is installed:
+
+        modprobe ep93xx-fb video=320x240
+
+==============
+Screenpage bug
+==============
+
+At least on the EP9315 there is a silicon bug which causes bit 27 of
+the VIDSCRNPAGE (framebuffer physical offset) to be tied low. There is
+an unofficial errata for this bug at:
+        http://marc.info/?l=linux-arm-kernel&m=110061245502000&w=2
+
+By default the EP93xx framebuffer driver checks if the allocated physical
+address has bit 27 set. If it does, then the memory is freed and an
+error is returned. The check can be disabled by adding the following
+option when loading the driver:
+
+      ep93xx-fb.check_screenpage_bug=0
+
+In some cases it may be possible to reconfigure your SDRAM layout to
+avoid this bug. See section 13 of the EP93xx users' guide for details.
diff --git a/Documentation/fb/matroxfb.txt b/Documentation/fb/matroxfb.txt
index ad7a67707d62..e5ce8a1a978b 100644
--- a/Documentation/fb/matroxfb.txt
+++ b/Documentation/fb/matroxfb.txt
@@ -186,9 +186,7 @@ noinverse - show true colors on screen. It is default.
 dev:X    - bind driver to device X. Driver numbers device from 0 up to N,
            where device 0 is first `known' device found, 1 second and so on.
            lspci lists devices in this order.
-           Default is `every' known device for driver with multihead support
-           and first working device (usually dev:0) for driver without
-           multihead support.
+           Default is `every' known device.
 nohwcursor - disables hardware cursor (use software cursor instead).
 hwcursor - enables hardware cursor. It is default. If you are using
            non-accelerated mode (`noaccel' or `fbset -accel false'), software
diff --git a/Documentation/feature-removal-schedule.txt b/Documentation/feature-removal-schedule.txt
index fa75220f8d34..89a47b5aff07 100644
--- a/Documentation/feature-removal-schedule.txt
+++ b/Documentation/feature-removal-schedule.txt
@@ -354,14 +354,6 @@ Who:  Krzysztof Piotr Oledzki <ole@ans.pl>
 
 ---------------------------
 
-What:   fscher and fscpos drivers
-When:   June 2009
-Why:    Deprecated by the new fschmd driver.
-Who:    Hans de Goede <hdegoede@redhat.com>
-        Jean Delvare <khali@linux-fr.org>
-
----------------------------
-
 What:   sysfs ui for changing p4-clockmod parameters
 When:   September 2009
 Why:    See commits 129f8ae9b1b5be94517da76009ea956e89104ce8 and
diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/9p.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/9p.txt
index 6208f55c44c3..57e0b80a5274 100644
--- a/Documentation/filesystems/9p.txt
+++ b/Documentation/filesystems/9p.txt
@@ -18,11 +18,11 @@ the 9p client is available in the form of a USENIX paper:
 
 Other applications are described in the following papers:
         * XCPU & Clustering
-                http://www.xcpu.org/xcpu-talk.pdf
+                http://xcpu.org/papers/xcpu-talk.pdf
         * KVMFS: control file system for KVM
-                http://www.xcpu.org/kvmfs.pdf
-        * CellFS: A New ProgrammingModel for the Cell BE
-                http://www.xcpu.org/cellfs-talk.pdf
+                http://xcpu.org/papers/kvmfs.pdf
+        * CellFS: A New Programming Model for the Cell BE
+                http://xcpu.org/papers/cellfs-talk.pdf
         * PROSE I/O: Using 9p to enable Application Partitions
                 http://plan9.escet.urjc.es/iwp9/cready/PROSE_iwp9_2006.pdf
 
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ OPTIONS
                                 (see rfdno and wfdno)
                         virtio  - connect to the next virtio channel available
                                 (from lguest or KVM with trans_virtio module)
+                        rdma    - connect to a specified RDMA channel
 
   uname=name    user name to attempt mount as on the remote server.  The
                 server may override or ignore this value.  Certain user
@@ -59,16 +60,22 @@ OPTIONS
   cache=mode    specifies a caching policy.  By default, no caches are used.
                         loose = no attempts are made at consistency,
                                 intended for exclusive, read-only mounts
+                        fscache = use FS-Cache for a persistent, read-only
+                                cache backend.
 
   debug=n       specifies debug level.  The debug level is a bitmask.
-                        0x01 = display verbose error messages
-                        0x02 = developer debug (DEBUG_CURRENT)
-                        0x04 = display 9p trace
-                        0x08 = display VFS trace
-                        0x10 = display Marshalling debug
-                        0x20 = display RPC debug
-                        0x40 = display transport debug
-                        0x80 = display allocation debug
+                        0x01  = display verbose error messages
+                        0x02  = developer debug (DEBUG_CURRENT)
+                        0x04  = display 9p trace
+                        0x08  = display VFS trace
+                        0x10  = display Marshalling debug
+                        0x20  = display RPC debug
+                        0x40  = display transport debug
+                        0x80  = display allocation debug
+                        0x100 = display protocol message debug
+                        0x200 = display Fid debug
+                        0x400 = display packet debug
+                        0x800 = display fscache tracing debug
 
   rfdno=n       the file descriptor for reading with trans=fd
 
@@ -100,6 +107,10 @@ OPTIONS
                         any   = v9fs does single attach and performs all
                                 operations as one user
 
+  cachetag      cache tag to use the specified persistent cache.
+                cache tags for existing cache sessions can be listed at
+                /sys/fs/9p/caches. (applies only to cache=fscache)
+
 RESOURCES
 =========
 
@@ -118,7 +129,7 @@ and export.
 A Linux version of the 9p server is now maintained under the npfs project
 on sourceforge (http://sourceforge.net/projects/npfs).  The currently
 maintained version is the single-threaded version of the server (named spfs)
-available from the same CVS repository.
+available from the same SVN repository.
 
 There are user and developer mailing lists available through the v9fs project
 on sourceforge (http://sourceforge.net/projects/v9fs).
@@ -126,7 +137,8 @@ on sourceforge (http://sourceforge.net/projects/v9fs).
 A stand-alone version of the module (which should build for any 2.6 kernel)
 is available via (http://github.com/ericvh/9p-sac/tree/master)
 
-News and other information is maintained on SWiK (http://swik.net/v9fs).
+News and other information is maintained on SWiK (http://swik.net/v9fs)
+and the Wiki (http://sf.net/apps/mediawiki/v9fs/index.php).
 
 Bug reports may be issued through the kernel.org bugzilla 
 (http://bugzilla.kernel.org)
diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/ext4.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/ext4.txt
index 18b5ec8cea45..bf4f4b7e11b3 100644
--- a/Documentation/filesystems/ext4.txt
+++ b/Documentation/filesystems/ext4.txt
@@ -282,9 +282,16 @@ stripe=n		Number of filesystem blocks that mballoc will try
                         to use for allocation size and alignment. For RAID5/6
                         systems this should be the number of data
                         disks *  RAID chunk size in file system blocks.
-delalloc        (*)     Deferring block allocation until write-out time.
-nodelalloc              Disable delayed allocation. Blocks are allocation
-                        when data is copied from user to page cache.
+
+delalloc        (*)     Defer block allocation until just before ext4
+                        writes out the block(s) in question.  This
+                        allows ext4 to better allocation decisions
+                        more efficiently.
+nodelalloc              Disable delayed allocation.  Blocks are allocated
+                        when the data is copied from userspace to the
+                        page cache, either via the write(2) system call
+                        or when an mmap'ed page which was previously
+                        unallocated is written for the first time.
 
 max_batch_time=usec     Maximum amount of time ext4 should wait for
                         additional filesystem operations to be batch
diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/ncpfs.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/ncpfs.txt
index f12c30c93f2f..5af164f4b37b 100644
--- a/Documentation/filesystems/ncpfs.txt
+++ b/Documentation/filesystems/ncpfs.txt
@@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ ftp.gwdg.de/pub/linux/misc/ncpfs, but sunsite and its many mirrors
 will have it as well.
 
 Related products are linware and mars_nwe, which will give Linux partial
-NetWare server functionality.  Linware's home site is
-klokan.sh.cvut.cz/pub/linux/linware; mars_nwe can be found on
-ftp.gwdg.de/pub/linux/misc/ncpfs.
+NetWare server functionality.
+
+mars_nwe can be found on ftp.gwdg.de/pub/linux/misc/ncpfs.
diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/nfs41-server.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/nfs41-server.txt
index 05d81cbcb2e1..5920fe26e6ff 100644
--- a/Documentation/filesystems/nfs41-server.txt
+++ b/Documentation/filesystems/nfs41-server.txt
@@ -11,6 +11,11 @@ the /proc/fs/nfsd/versions control file.  Note that to write this
 control file, the nfsd service must be taken down.  Use your user-mode
 nfs-utils to set this up; see rpc.nfsd(8)
 
+(Warning: older servers will interpret "+4.1" and "-4.1" as "+4" and
+"-4", respectively.  Therefore, code meant to work on both new and old
+kernels must turn 4.1 on or off *before* turning support for version 4
+on or off; rpc.nfsd does this correctly.)
+
 The NFSv4 minorversion 1 (NFSv4.1) implementation in nfsd is based
 on the latest NFSv4.1 Internet Draft:
 http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-nfsv4-minorversion1-29
@@ -25,6 +30,49 @@ are still under development out of tree.
 See http://wiki.linux-nfs.org/wiki/index.php/PNFS_prototype_design
 for more information.
 
+The current implementation is intended for developers only: while it
+does support ordinary file operations on clients we have tested against
+(including the linux client), it is incomplete in ways which may limit
+features unexpectedly, cause known bugs in rare cases, or cause
+interoperability problems with future clients.  Known issues:
+
+        - gss support is questionable: currently mounts with kerberos
+          from a linux client are possible, but we aren't really
+          conformant with the spec (for example, we don't use kerberos
+          on the backchannel correctly).
+        - no trunking support: no clients currently take advantage of
+          trunking, but this is a mandatory failure, and its use is
+          recommended to clients in a number of places.  (E.g. to ensure
+          timely renewal in case an existing connection's retry timeouts
+          have gotten too long; see section 8.3 of the draft.)
+          Therefore, lack of this feature may cause future clients to
+          fail.
+        - Incomplete backchannel support: incomplete backchannel gss
+          support and no support for BACKCHANNEL_CTL mean that
+          callbacks (hence delegations and layouts) may not be
+          available and clients confused by the incomplete
+          implementation may fail.
+        - Server reboot recovery is unsupported; if the server reboots,
+          clients may fail.
+        - We do not support SSV, which provides security for shared
+          client-server state (thus preventing unauthorized tampering
+          with locks and opens, for example).  It is mandatory for
+          servers to support this, though no clients use it yet.
+        - Mandatory operations which we do not support, such as
+          DESTROY_CLIENTID, FREE_STATEID, SECINFO_NO_NAME, and
+          TEST_STATEID, are not currently used by clients, but will be
+          (and the spec recommends their uses in common cases), and
+          clients should not be expected to know how to recover from the
+          case where they are not supported.  This will eventually cause
+          interoperability failures.
+
+In addition, some limitations are inherited from the current NFSv4
+implementation:
+
+        - Incomplete delegation enforcement: if a file is renamed or
+          unlinked, a client holding a delegation may continue to
+          indefinitely allow opens of the file under the old name.
+
 The table below, taken from the NFSv4.1 document, lists
 the operations that are mandatory to implement (REQ), optional
 (OPT), and NFSv4.0 operations that are required not to implement (MNI)
@@ -142,6 +190,12 @@ NS*| CB_WANTS_CANCELLED      | OPT       | FDELG,      | Section 20.10 |
 
 Implementation notes:
 
+DELEGPURGE:
+* mandatory only for servers that support CLAIM_DELEGATE_PREV and/or
+  CLAIM_DELEG_PREV_FH (which allows clients to keep delegations that
+  persist across client reboots).  Thus we need not implement this for
+  now.
+
 EXCHANGE_ID:
 * only SP4_NONE state protection supported
 * implementation ids are ignored
diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/nfsroot.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/nfsroot.txt
index 68baddf3c3e0..3ba0b945aaf8 100644
--- a/Documentation/filesystems/nfsroot.txt
+++ b/Documentation/filesystems/nfsroot.txt
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ ip=<client-ip>:<server-ip>:<gw-ip>:<netmask>:<hostname>:<device>:<autoconf>
                 the client address and this parameter is NOT empty only
                 replies from the specified server are accepted.
 
-                Only required for for NFS root. That is autoconfiguration
+                Only required for NFS root. That is autoconfiguration
                 will not be triggered if it is missing and NFS root is not
                 in operation.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt
index ffead13f9443..2c48f945546b 100644
--- a/Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt
+++ b/Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt
@@ -176,6 +176,7 @@ read the file /proc/PID/status:
   CapBnd: ffffffffffffffff
   voluntary_ctxt_switches:        0
   nonvoluntary_ctxt_switches:     1
+  Stack usage:    12 kB
 
 This shows you nearly the same information you would get if you viewed it with
 the ps  command.  In  fact,  ps  uses  the  proc  file  system  to  obtain its
@@ -229,6 +230,7 @@ Table 1-2: Contents of the statm files (as of 2.6.30-rc7)
  Mems_allowed_list           Same as previous, but in "list format"
  voluntary_ctxt_switches     number of voluntary context switches
  nonvoluntary_ctxt_switches  number of non voluntary context switches
+ Stack usage:                stack usage high water mark (round up to page size)
 ..............................................................................
 
 Table 1-3: Contents of the statm files (as of 2.6.8-rc3)
@@ -307,7 +309,7 @@ address           perms offset  dev   inode      pathname
 08049000-0804a000 rw-p 00001000 03:00 8312       /opt/test
 0804a000-0806b000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0          [heap]
 a7cb1000-a7cb2000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0
-a7cb2000-a7eb2000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0
+a7cb2000-a7eb2000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0          [threadstack:001ff4b4]
 a7eb2000-a7eb3000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0
 a7eb3000-a7ed5000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0
 a7ed5000-a8008000 r-xp 00000000 03:00 4222       /lib/libc.so.6
@@ -343,6 +345,7 @@ is not associated with a file:
  [stack]                  = the stack of the main process
  [vdso]                   = the "virtual dynamic shared object",
                             the kernel system call handler
+ [threadstack:xxxxxxxx]   = the stack of the thread, xxxxxxxx is the stack size
 
  or if empty, the mapping is anonymous.
 
@@ -375,6 +378,19 @@ of memory currently marked as referenced or accessed.
 This file is only present if the CONFIG_MMU kernel configuration option is
 enabled.
 
+The /proc/PID/clear_refs is used to reset the PG_Referenced and ACCESSED/YOUNG
+bits on both physical and virtual pages associated with a process.
+To clear the bits for all the pages associated with the process
+    > echo 1 > /proc/PID/clear_refs
+
+To clear the bits for the anonymous pages associated with the process
+    > echo 2 > /proc/PID/clear_refs
+
+To clear the bits for the file mapped pages associated with the process
+    > echo 3 > /proc/PID/clear_refs
+Any other value written to /proc/PID/clear_refs will have no effect.
+
+
 1.2 Kernel data
 ---------------
 
@@ -1032,9 +1048,9 @@ Various pieces   of  information about  kernel activity  are  available in the
 since the system first booted.  For a quick look, simply cat the file:
 
   > cat /proc/stat
-  cpu  2255 34 2290 22625563 6290 127 456 0
-  cpu0 1132 34 1441 11311718 3675 127 438 0
-  cpu1 1123 0 849 11313845 2614 0 18 0
+  cpu  2255 34 2290 22625563 6290 127 456 0 0
+  cpu0 1132 34 1441 11311718 3675 127 438 0 0
+  cpu1 1123 0 849 11313845 2614 0 18 0 0
   intr 114930548 113199788 3 0 5 263 0 4 [... lots more numbers ...]
   ctxt 1990473
   btime 1062191376
@@ -1056,6 +1072,7 @@ second).  The meanings of the columns are as follows, from left to right:
 - irq: servicing interrupts
 - softirq: servicing softirqs
 - steal: involuntary wait
+- guest: running a guest
 
 The "intr" line gives counts of interrupts  serviced since boot time, for each
 of the  possible system interrupts.   The first  column  is the  total of  all
@@ -1096,7 +1113,6 @@ Table 1-12: Files in /proc/fs/ext4/<devname>
 ..............................................................................
  File            Content                                        
  mb_groups       details of multiblock allocator buddy cache of free blocks
- mb_history      multiblock allocation history
 ..............................................................................
 
 
@@ -1191,7 +1207,7 @@ The following heuristics are then applied:
  * if the task was reniced, its score doubles
  * superuser or direct hardware access tasks (CAP_SYS_ADMIN, CAP_SYS_RESOURCE
         or CAP_SYS_RAWIO) have their score divided by 4
- * if oom condition happened in one cpuset and checked task does not belong
+ * if oom condition happened in one cpuset and checked process does not belong
         to it, its score is divided by 8
  * the resulting score is multiplied by two to the power of oom_adj, i.e.
         points <<= oom_adj when it is positive and
diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/sharedsubtree.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/sharedsubtree.txt
index 736540045dc7..23a181074f94 100644
--- a/Documentation/filesystems/sharedsubtree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/filesystems/sharedsubtree.txt
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Shared Subtrees
 Contents:
         1) Overview
         2) Features
-        3) smount command
+        3) Setting mount states
         4) Use-case
         5) Detailed semantics
         6) Quiz
@@ -41,14 +41,14 @@ replicas continue to be exactly same.
 
         Here is an example:
 
-        Lets say /mnt has a mount that is shared.
+        Let's say /mnt has a mount that is shared.
         mount --make-shared /mnt
 
-        note: mount command does not yet support the --make-shared flag.
-        I have included a small C program which does the same by executing
-        'smount /mnt shared'
+        Note: mount(8) command now supports the --make-shared flag,
+        so the sample 'smount' program is no longer needed and has been
+        removed.
 
-        #mount --bind /mnt /tmp
+        # mount --bind /mnt /tmp
         The above command replicates the mount at /mnt to the mountpoint /tmp
         and the contents of both the mounts remain identical.
 
@@ -58,8 +58,8 @@ replicas continue to be exactly same.
         #ls /tmp
         a b c
 
-        Now lets say we mount a device at /tmp/a
-        #mount /dev/sd0  /tmp/a
+        Now let's say we mount a device at /tmp/a
+        # mount /dev/sd0  /tmp/a
 
         #ls /tmp/a
         t1 t2 t2
@@ -80,21 +80,20 @@ replicas continue to be exactly same.
 
         Here is an example:
 
-        Lets say /mnt has a mount which is shared.
-        #mount --make-shared /mnt
+        Let's say /mnt has a mount which is shared.
+        # mount --make-shared /mnt
 
-        Lets bind mount /mnt to /tmp
-        #mount --bind /mnt /tmp
+        Let's bind mount /mnt to /tmp
+        # mount --bind /mnt /tmp
 
         the new mount at /tmp becomes a shared mount and it is a replica of
         the mount at /mnt.
 
-        Now lets make the mount at /tmp; a slave of /mnt
-        #mount --make-slave /tmp
-        [or smount /tmp slave]
+        Now let's make the mount at /tmp; a slave of /mnt
+        # mount --make-slave /tmp
 
-        lets mount /dev/sd0 on /mnt/a
-        #mount /dev/sd0 /mnt/a
+        let's mount /dev/sd0 on /mnt/a
+        # mount /dev/sd0 /mnt/a
 
         #ls /mnt/a
         t1 t2 t3
@@ -104,9 +103,9 @@ replicas continue to be exactly same.
 
         Note the mount event has propagated to the mount at /tmp
 
-        However lets see what happens if we mount something on the mount at /tmp
+        However let's see what happens if we mount something on the mount at /tmp
 
-        #mount /dev/sd1 /tmp/b
+        # mount /dev/sd1 /tmp/b
 
         #ls /tmp/b
         s1 s2 s3
@@ -124,12 +123,11 @@ replicas continue to be exactly same.
 
 2d) A unbindable mount is a unbindable private mount
 
-        lets say we have a mount at /mnt and we make is unbindable
+        let's say we have a mount at /mnt and we make is unbindable
 
-        #mount --make-unbindable /mnt
-         [ smount /mnt  unbindable ]
+        # mount --make-unbindable /mnt
 
-         Lets try to bind mount this mount somewhere else.
+         Let's try to bind mount this mount somewhere else.
          # mount --bind /mnt /tmp
          mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /mnt,
                 or too many mounted file systems
@@ -137,149 +135,15 @@ replicas continue to be exactly same.
         Binding a unbindable mount is a invalid operation.
 
 
-3) smount command
+3) Setting mount states
 
-        Currently the mount command is not aware of shared subtree features.
-        Work is in progress to add the support in mount ( util-linux package ).
-        Till then use the following program.
+        The mount command (util-linux package) can be used to set mount
+        states:
 
-        ------------------------------------------------------------------------
-        //
-        //this code was developed my Miklos Szeredi <miklos@szeredi.hu>
-        //and modified by Ram Pai <linuxram@us.ibm.com>
-        // sample usage:
-        //              smount /tmp shared
-        //
-        #include <stdio.h>
-        #include <stdlib.h>
-        #include <unistd.h>
-        #include <string.h>
-        #include <sys/mount.h>
-        #include <sys/fsuid.h>
-
-        #ifndef MS_REC
-        #define MS_REC          0x4000  /* 16384: Recursive loopback */
-        #endif
-
-        #ifndef MS_SHARED
-        #define MS_SHARED               1<<20   /* Shared */
-        #endif
-
-        #ifndef MS_PRIVATE
-        #define MS_PRIVATE              1<<18   /* Private */
-        #endif
-
-        #ifndef MS_SLAVE
-        #define MS_SLAVE                1<<19   /* Slave */
-        #endif
-
-        #ifndef MS_UNBINDABLE
-        #define MS_UNBINDABLE           1<<17   /* Unbindable */
-        #endif
-
-        int main(int argc, char *argv[])
-        {
-                int type;
-                if(argc != 3) {
-                        fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s dir "
-                        "<rshared|rslave|rprivate|runbindable|shared|slave"
-                        "|private|unbindable>\n" , argv[0]);
-                        return 1;
-                }
-
-                fprintf(stdout, "%s %s %s\n", argv[0], argv[1], argv[2]);
-
-                if (strcmp(argv[2],"rshared")==0)
-                        type=(MS_SHARED|MS_REC);
-                else if (strcmp(argv[2],"rslave")==0)
-                        type=(MS_SLAVE|MS_REC);
-                else if (strcmp(argv[2],"rprivate")==0)
-                        type=(MS_PRIVATE|MS_REC);
-                else if (strcmp(argv[2],"runbindable")==0)
-                        type=(MS_UNBINDABLE|MS_REC);
-                else if (strcmp(argv[2],"shared")==0)
-                        type=MS_SHARED;
-                else if (strcmp(argv[2],"slave")==0)
-                        type=MS_SLAVE;
-                else if (strcmp(argv[2],"private")==0)
-                        type=MS_PRIVATE;
-                else if (strcmp(argv[2],"unbindable")==0)
-                        type=MS_UNBINDABLE;
-                else {
-                        fprintf(stderr, "invalid operation: %s\n", argv[2]);
-                        return 1;
-                }
-                setfsuid(getuid());
-
-                if(mount("", argv[1], "dontcare", type, "") == -1) {
-                        perror("mount");
-                        return 1;
-                }
-                return 0;
-        }
-        -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-        Copy the above code snippet into smount.c
-        gcc -o smount smount.c
-
-
-        (i) To mark all the mounts under /mnt as shared execute the following
-        command:
-
-                smount /mnt rshared
-                the corresponding syntax planned for mount command is
-                mount --make-rshared /mnt
-
-            just to mark a mount /mnt as shared, execute the following
-            command:
-                smount /mnt shared
-                the corresponding syntax planned for mount command is
-                mount --make-shared /mnt
-
-        (ii) To mark all the shared mounts under /mnt as slave execute the
-        following
-
-             command:
-                smount /mnt rslave
-                the corresponding syntax planned for mount command is
-                mount --make-rslave /mnt
-
-            just to mark a mount /mnt as slave, execute the following
-            command:
-                smount /mnt slave
-                the corresponding syntax planned for mount command is
-                mount --make-slave /mnt
-
-        (iii) To mark all the mounts under /mnt as private execute the
-        following command:
-
-                smount /mnt rprivate
-                the corresponding syntax planned for mount command is
-                mount --make-rprivate /mnt
-
-            just to mark a mount /mnt as private, execute the following
-            command:
-                smount /mnt private
-                the corresponding syntax planned for mount command is
-                mount --make-private /mnt
-
-              NOTE: by default all the mounts are created as private. But if
-              you want to change some shared/slave/unbindable  mount as
-              private at a later point in time, this command can help.
-
-        (iv) To mark all the mounts under /mnt as unbindable execute the
-        following
-
-             command:
-                smount /mnt runbindable
-                the corresponding syntax planned for mount command is
-                mount --make-runbindable /mnt
-
-            just to mark a mount /mnt as unbindable, execute the following
-            command:
-                smount /mnt unbindable
-                the corresponding syntax planned for mount command is
-                mount --make-unbindable /mnt
+        mount --make-shared mountpoint
+        mount --make-slave mountpoint
+        mount --make-private mountpoint
+        mount --make-unbindable mountpoint
 
 
 4) Use cases
@@ -350,7 +214,7 @@ replicas continue to be exactly same.
                 mount --rbind / /view/v3
                 mount --rbind / /view/v4
 
-                and if /usr has a versioning filesystem mounted, than that
+                and if /usr has a versioning filesystem mounted, then that
                 mount appears at /view/v1/usr, /view/v2/usr, /view/v3/usr and
                 /view/v4/usr too
 
@@ -390,7 +254,7 @@ replicas continue to be exactly same.
 
                 For example:
                         mount --make-shared /mnt
-                        mount --bin /mnt /tmp
+                        mount --bind /mnt /tmp
 
                 The mount at /mnt and that at /tmp are both shared and belong
                 to the same peer group. Anything mounted or unmounted under
@@ -558,7 +422,7 @@ replicas continue to be exactly same.
         then the subtree under the unbindable mount is pruned in the new
         location.
 
-        eg: lets say we have the following mount tree.
+        eg: let's say we have the following mount tree.
 
                 A
               /   \
@@ -566,7 +430,7 @@ replicas continue to be exactly same.
              / \ / \
              D E F G
 
-             Lets say all the mount except the mount C in the tree are
+             Let's say all the mount except the mount C in the tree are
              of a type other than unbindable.
 
              If this tree is rbound to say Z
@@ -683,13 +547,13 @@ replicas continue to be exactly same.
         'b' on mounts that receive propagation from mount 'B' and does not have
         sub-mounts within them are unmounted.
 
-        Example: Lets say 'B1', 'B2', 'B3' are shared mounts that propagate to
+        Example: Let's say 'B1', 'B2', 'B3' are shared mounts that propagate to
         each other.
 
-        lets say 'A1', 'A2', 'A3' are first mounted at dentry 'b' on mount
+        let's say 'A1', 'A2', 'A3' are first mounted at dentry 'b' on mount
         'B1', 'B2' and 'B3' respectively.
 
-        lets say 'C1', 'C2', 'C3' are next mounted at the same dentry 'b' on
+        let's say 'C1', 'C2', 'C3' are next mounted at the same dentry 'b' on
         mount 'B1', 'B2' and 'B3' respectively.
 
         if 'C1' is unmounted, all the mounts that are most-recently-mounted on
@@ -710,7 +574,7 @@ replicas continue to be exactly same.
         A cloned namespace contains all the mounts as that of the parent
         namespace.
 
-        Lets say 'A' and 'B' are the corresponding mounts in the parent and the
+        Let's say 'A' and 'B' are the corresponding mounts in the parent and the
         child namespace.
 
         If 'A' is shared, then 'B' is also shared and 'A' and 'B' propagate to
@@ -759,11 +623,11 @@ replicas continue to be exactly same.
                 mount --make-slave /mnt
 
                 At this point we have the first mount at /tmp and
-                its root dentry is 1. Lets call this mount 'A'
+                its root dentry is 1. Let's call this mount 'A'
                 And then we have a second mount at /tmp1 with root
-                dentry 2. Lets call this mount 'B'
+                dentry 2. Let's call this mount 'B'
                 Next we have a third mount at /mnt with root dentry
-                mnt. Lets call this mount 'C'
+                mnt. Let's call this mount 'C'
 
                 'B' is the slave of 'A' and 'C' is a slave of 'B'
                 A -> B -> C
@@ -794,7 +658,7 @@ replicas continue to be exactly same.
 
         Q3 Why is unbindable mount needed?
 
-                Lets say we want to replicate the mount tree at multiple
+                Let's say we want to replicate the mount tree at multiple
                 locations within the same subtree.
 
                 if one rbind mounts a tree within the same subtree 'n' times
@@ -803,7 +667,7 @@ replicas continue to be exactly same.
                 mounts. Here is a example.
 
                 step 1:
-                   lets say the root tree has just two directories with
+                   let's say the root tree has just two directories with
                    one vfsmount.
                                     root
                                    /    \
@@ -875,7 +739,7 @@ replicas continue to be exactly same.
                 Unclonable mounts come in handy here.
 
                 step 1:
-                   lets say the root tree has just two directories with
+                   let's say the root tree has just two directories with
                    one vfsmount.
                                     root
                                    /    \
diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/vfat.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/vfat.txt
index b58b84b50fa2..eed520fd0c8e 100644
--- a/Documentation/filesystems/vfat.txt
+++ b/Documentation/filesystems/vfat.txt
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ shortname=lower|win95|winnt|mixed
                  winnt: emulate the Windows NT rule for display/create.
                  mixed: emulate the Windows NT rule for display,
                         emulate the Windows 95 rule for create.
-                 Default setting is `lower'.
+                 Default setting is `mixed'.
 
 tz=UTC        -- Interpret timestamps as UTC rather than local time.
                  This option disables the conversion of timestamps
diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt
index f49eecf2e573..623f094c9d8d 100644
--- a/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt
+++ b/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt
@@ -536,6 +536,7 @@ struct address_space_operations {
         /* migrate the contents of a page to the specified target */
         int (*migratepage) (struct page *, struct page *);
         int (*launder_page) (struct page *);
+        int (*error_remove_page) (struct mapping *mapping, struct page *page);
 };
 
   writepage: called by the VM to write a dirty page to backing store.
@@ -694,6 +695,12 @@ struct address_space_operations {
         prevent redirtying the page, it is kept locked during the whole
         operation.
 
+  error_remove_page: normally set to generic_error_remove_page if truncation
+        is ok for this address space. Used for memory failure handling.
+        Setting this implies you deal with pages going away under you,
+        unless you have them locked or reference counts increased.
+
+
 The File Object
 ===============
 
diff --git a/Documentation/gcov.txt b/Documentation/gcov.txt
index 40ec63352760..e7ca6478cd93 100644
--- a/Documentation/gcov.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gcov.txt
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ Possible uses:
 
 Configure the kernel with:
 
-        CONFIG_DEBUGFS=y
+        CONFIG_DEBUG_FS=y
         CONFIG_GCOV_KERNEL=y
 
 and to get coverage data for the entire kernel:
diff --git a/Documentation/gpio.txt b/Documentation/gpio.txt
index e4b6985044a2..fa4dc077ae0e 100644
--- a/Documentation/gpio.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gpio.txt
@@ -524,6 +524,13 @@ and have the following read/write attributes:
                 is configured as an output, this value may be written;
                 any nonzero value is treated as high.
 
+        "edge" ... reads as either "none", "rising", "falling", or
+                "both". Write these strings to select the signal edge(s)
+                that will make poll(2) on the "value" file return.
+
+                This file exists only if the pin can be configured as an
+                interrupt generating input pin.
+
 GPIO controllers have paths like /sys/class/gpio/chipchip42/ (for the
 controller implementing GPIOs starting at #42) and have the following
 read-only attributes:
@@ -555,6 +562,11 @@ requested using gpio_request():
         /* reverse gpio_export() */
         void gpio_unexport();
 
+        /* create a sysfs link to an exported GPIO node */
+        int gpio_export_link(struct device *dev, const char *name,
+                unsigned gpio)
+
+
 After a kernel driver requests a GPIO, it may only be made available in
 the sysfs interface by gpio_export().  The driver can control whether the
 signal direction may change.  This helps drivers prevent userspace code
@@ -563,3 +575,8 @@ from accidentally clobbering important system state.
 This explicit exporting can help with debugging (by making some kinds
 of experiments easier), or can provide an always-there interface that's
 suitable for documenting as part of a board support package.
+
+After the GPIO has been exported, gpio_export_link() allows creating
+symlinks from elsewhere in sysfs to the GPIO sysfs node.  Drivers can
+use this to provide the interface under their own device in sysfs with
+a descriptive name.
diff --git a/Documentation/hwmon/acpi_power_meter b/Documentation/hwmon/acpi_power_meter
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..c80399a00c50
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/hwmon/acpi_power_meter
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+Kernel driver power_meter
+=========================
+
+This driver talks to ACPI 4.0 power meters.
+
+Supported systems:
+  * Any recent system with ACPI 4.0.
+    Prefix: 'power_meter'
+    Datasheet: http://acpi.info/, section 10.4.
+
+Author: Darrick J. Wong
+
+Description
+-----------
+
+This driver implements sensor reading support for the power meters exposed in
+the ACPI 4.0 spec (Chapter 10.4).  These devices have a simple set of
+features--a power meter that returns average power use over a configurable
+interval, an optional capping mechanism, and a couple of trip points.  The
+sysfs interface conforms with the specification outlined in the "Power" section
+of Documentation/hwmon/sysfs-interface.
+
+Special Features
+----------------
+
+The power[1-*]_is_battery knob indicates if the power supply is a battery.
+Both power[1-*]_average_{min,max} must be set before the trip points will work.
+When both of them are set, an ACPI event will be broadcast on the ACPI netlink
+socket and a poll notification will be sent to the appropriate
+power[1-*]_average sysfs file.
+
+The power[1-*]_{model_number, serial_number, oem_info} fields display arbitrary
+strings that ACPI provides with the meter.  The measures/ directory contains
+symlinks to the devices that this meter measures.
+
+Some computers have the ability to enforce a power cap in hardware.  If this is
+the case, the power[1-*]_cap and related sysfs files will appear.  When the
+average power consumption exceeds the cap, an ACPI event will be broadcast on
+the netlink event socket and a poll notification will be sent to the
+appropriate power[1-*]_alarm file to indicate that capping has begun, and the
+hardware has taken action to reduce power consumption.  Most likely this will
+result in reduced performance.
+
+There are a few other ACPI notifications that can be sent by the firmware.  In
+all cases the ACPI event will be broadcast on the ACPI netlink event socket as
+well as sent as a poll notification to a sysfs file.  The events are as
+follows:
+
+power[1-*]_cap will be notified if the firmware changes the power cap.
+power[1-*]_interval will be notified if the firmware changes the averaging
+interval.
diff --git a/Documentation/hwmon/coretemp b/Documentation/hwmon/coretemp
index dbbe6c7025b0..92267b62db59 100644
--- a/Documentation/hwmon/coretemp
+++ b/Documentation/hwmon/coretemp
@@ -4,7 +4,9 @@ Kernel driver coretemp
 Supported chips:
   * All Intel Core family
     Prefix: 'coretemp'
-    CPUID: family 0x6, models 0xe, 0xf, 0x16, 0x17
+    CPUID: family 0x6, models 0xe (Pentium M DC), 0xf (Core 2 DC 65nm),
+                              0x16 (Core 2 SC 65nm), 0x17 (Penryn 45nm),
+                              0x1a (Nehalem), 0x1c (Atom), 0x1e (Lynnfield)
     Datasheet: Intel 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer's Manual
                Volume 3A: System Programming Guide
                http://softwarecommunity.intel.com/Wiki/Mobility/720.htm
diff --git a/Documentation/hwmon/fscher b/Documentation/hwmon/fscher
deleted file mode 100644
index 64031659aff3..000000000000
--- a/Documentation/hwmon/fscher
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,169 +0,0 @@
-Kernel driver fscher
-====================
-
-Supported chips:
-  * Fujitsu-Siemens Hermes chip
-    Prefix: 'fscher'
-    Addresses scanned: I2C 0x73
-
-Authors:
-        Reinhard Nissl <rnissl@gmx.de> based on work
-        from Hermann Jung <hej@odn.de>,
-        Frodo Looijaard <frodol@dds.nl>,
-        Philip Edelbrock <phil@netroedge.com>
-
-Description
------------
-
-This driver implements support for the Fujitsu-Siemens Hermes chip. It is
-described in the 'Register Set Specification BMC Hermes based Systemboard'
-from Fujitsu-Siemens.
-
-The Hermes chip implements a hardware-based system management, e.g. for
-controlling fan speed and core voltage. There is also a watchdog counter on
-the chip which can trigger an alarm and even shut the system down.
-
-The chip provides three temperature values (CPU, motherboard and
-auxiliary), three voltage values (+12V, +5V and battery) and three fans
-(power supply, CPU and auxiliary).
-
-Temperatures are measured in degrees Celsius. The resolution is 1 degree.
-
-Fan rotation speeds are reported in RPM (rotations per minute). The value
-can be divided by a programmable divider (1, 2 or 4) which is stored on
-the chip.
-
-Voltage sensors (also known as "in" sensors) report their values in volts.
-
-All values are reported as final values from the driver. There is no need
-for further calculations.
-
-
-Detailed description
---------------------
-
-Below you'll find a single line description of all the bit values. With
-this information, you're able to decode e. g. alarms, wdog, etc. To make
-use of the watchdog, you'll need to set the watchdog time and enable the
-watchdog. After that it is necessary to restart the watchdog time within
-the specified period of time, or a system reset will occur.
-
-* revision
-  READING & 0xff = 0x??: HERMES revision identification
-
-* alarms
-  READING & 0x80 = 0x80: CPU throttling active
-  READING & 0x80 = 0x00: CPU running at full speed
-
-  READING & 0x10 = 0x10: software event (see control:1)
-  READING & 0x10 = 0x00: no software event
-
-  READING & 0x08 = 0x08: watchdog event (see wdog:2)
-  READING & 0x08 = 0x00: no watchdog event
-
-  READING & 0x02 = 0x02: thermal event (see temp*:1)
-  READING & 0x02 = 0x00: no thermal event
-
-  READING & 0x01 = 0x01: fan event (see fan*:1)
-  READING & 0x01 = 0x00: no fan event
-
-  READING & 0x13 ! 0x00: ALERT LED is flashing
-
-* control
-  READING & 0x01 = 0x01: software event
-  READING & 0x01 = 0x00: no software event
-
-  WRITING & 0x01 = 0x01: set software event
-  WRITING & 0x01 = 0x00: clear software event
-
-* watchdog_control
-  READING & 0x80 = 0x80: power off on watchdog event while thermal event
-  READING & 0x80 = 0x00: watchdog power off disabled (just system reset enabled)
-
-  READING & 0x40 = 0x40: watchdog timebase 60 seconds (see also wdog:1)
-  READING & 0x40 = 0x00: watchdog timebase  2 seconds
-
-  READING & 0x10 = 0x10: watchdog enabled
-  READING & 0x10 = 0x00: watchdog disabled
-
-  WRITING & 0x80 = 0x80: enable "power off on watchdog event while thermal event"
-  WRITING & 0x80 = 0x00: disable "power off on watchdog event while thermal event"
-
-  WRITING & 0x40 = 0x40: set watchdog timebase to 60 seconds
-  WRITING & 0x40 = 0x00: set watchdog timebase to  2 seconds
-
-  WRITING & 0x20 = 0x20: disable watchdog
-
-  WRITING & 0x10 = 0x10: enable watchdog / restart watchdog time
-
-* watchdog_state
-  READING & 0x02 = 0x02: watchdog system reset occurred
-  READING & 0x02 = 0x00: no watchdog system reset occurred
-
-  WRITING & 0x02 = 0x02: clear watchdog event
-
-* watchdog_preset
-  READING & 0xff = 0x??: configured watch dog time in units (see wdog:3 0x40)
-
-  WRITING & 0xff = 0x??: configure watch dog time in units
-
-* in*     (0: +5V, 1: +12V, 2: onboard 3V battery)
-  READING: actual voltage value
-
-* temp*_status   (1: CPU sensor, 2: onboard sensor, 3: auxiliary sensor)
-  READING & 0x02 = 0x02: thermal event (overtemperature)
-  READING & 0x02 = 0x00: no thermal event
-
-  READING & 0x01 = 0x01: sensor is working
-  READING & 0x01 = 0x00: sensor is faulty
-
-  WRITING & 0x02 = 0x02: clear thermal event
-
-* temp*_input   (1: CPU sensor, 2: onboard sensor, 3: auxiliary sensor)
-  READING: actual temperature value
-
-* fan*_status   (1: power supply fan, 2: CPU fan, 3: auxiliary fan)
-  READING & 0x04 = 0x04: fan event (fan fault)
-  READING & 0x04 = 0x00: no fan event
-
-  WRITING & 0x04 = 0x04: clear fan event
-
-* fan*_div (1: power supply fan, 2: CPU fan, 3: auxiliary fan)
-        Divisors 2,4 and 8 are supported, both for reading and writing
-
-* fan*_pwm   (1: power supply fan, 2: CPU fan, 3: auxiliary fan)
-  READING & 0xff = 0x00: fan may be switched off
-  READING & 0xff = 0x01: fan must run at least at minimum speed (supply: 6V)
-  READING & 0xff = 0xff: fan must run at maximum speed (supply: 12V)
-  READING & 0xff = 0x??: fan must run at least at given speed (supply: 6V..12V)
-
-  WRITING & 0xff = 0x00: fan may be switched off
-  WRITING & 0xff = 0x01: fan must run at least at minimum speed (supply: 6V)
-  WRITING & 0xff = 0xff: fan must run at maximum speed (supply: 12V)
-  WRITING & 0xff = 0x??: fan must run at least at given speed (supply: 6V..12V)
-
-* fan*_input   (1: power supply fan, 2: CPU fan, 3: auxiliary fan)
-  READING: actual RPM value
-
-
-Limitations
------------
-
-* Measuring fan speed
-It seems that the chip counts "ripples" (typical fans produce 2 ripples per
-rotation while VERAX fans produce 18) in a 9-bit register. This register is
-read out every second, then the ripple prescaler (2, 4 or 8) is applied and
-the result is stored in the 8 bit output register. Due to the limitation of
-the counting register to 9 bits, it is impossible to measure a VERAX fan
-properly (even with a prescaler of 8). At its maximum speed of 3500 RPM the
-fan produces 1080 ripples per second which causes the counting register to
-overflow twice, leading to only 186 RPM.
-
-* Measuring input voltages
-in2 ("battery") reports the voltage of the onboard lithium battery and not
-+3.3V from the power supply.
-
-* Undocumented features
-Fujitsu-Siemens Computers has not documented all features of the chip so
-far. Their software, System Guard, shows that there are a still some
-features which cannot be controlled by this implementation.
diff --git a/Documentation/hwmon/hpfall.c b/Documentation/hwmon/hpfall.c
index bbea1ccfd46a..681ec22b9d0e 100644
--- a/Documentation/hwmon/hpfall.c
+++ b/Documentation/hwmon/hpfall.c
@@ -16,6 +16,34 @@
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <signal.h>
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <sched.h>
+
+char unload_heads_path[64];
+
+int set_unload_heads_path(char *device)
+{
+        char devname[64];
+
+        if (strlen(device) <= 5 || strncmp(device, "/dev/", 5) != 0)
+                return -EINVAL;
+        strncpy(devname, device + 5, sizeof(devname));
+
+        snprintf(unload_heads_path, sizeof(unload_heads_path),
+                                "/sys/block/%s/device/unload_heads", devname);
+        return 0;
+}
+int valid_disk(void)
+{
+        int fd = open(unload_heads_path, O_RDONLY);
+        if (fd < 0) {
+                perror(unload_heads_path);
+                return 0;
+        }
+
+        close(fd);
+        return 1;
+}
 
 void write_int(char *path, int i)
 {
@@ -40,7 +68,7 @@ void set_led(int on)
 
 void protect(int seconds)
 {
-        write_int("/sys/block/sda/device/unload_heads", seconds*1000);
+        write_int(unload_heads_path, seconds*1000);
 }
 
 int on_ac(void)
@@ -57,45 +85,62 @@ void ignore_me(void)
 {
         protect(0);
         set_led(0);
-
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char* argv[])
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
-       int fd, ret;
+        int fd, ret;
+        struct sched_param param;
+
+        if (argc == 1)
+                ret = set_unload_heads_path("/dev/sda");
+        else if (argc == 2)
+                ret = set_unload_heads_path(argv[1]);
+        else
+                ret = -EINVAL;
+
+        if (ret || !valid_disk()) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s <device> (default: /dev/sda)\n",
+                                argv[0]);
+                exit(1);
+        }
+
+        fd = open("/dev/freefall", O_RDONLY);
+        if (fd < 0) {
+                perror("/dev/freefall");
+                return EXIT_FAILURE;
+        }
 
-       fd = open("/dev/freefall", O_RDONLY);
-       if (fd < 0) {
-               perror("open");
-               return EXIT_FAILURE;
-       }
+        daemon(0, 0);
+        param.sched_priority = sched_get_priority_max(SCHED_FIFO);
+        sched_setscheduler(0, SCHED_FIFO, &param);
+        mlockall(MCL_CURRENT|MCL_FUTURE);
 
         signal(SIGALRM, ignore_me);
 
-       for (;;) {
-               unsigned char count;
-
-               ret = read(fd, &count, sizeof(count));
-               alarm(0);
-               if ((ret == -1) && (errno == EINTR)) {
-                       /* Alarm expired, time to unpark the heads */
-                       continue;
-               }
-
-               if (ret != sizeof(count)) {
-                       perror("read");
-                       break;
-               }
-
-               protect(21);
-               set_led(1);
-               if (1 || on_ac() || lid_open()) {
-                       alarm(2);
-               } else {
-                       alarm(20);
-               }
-       }
-
-       close(fd);
-       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+        for (;;) {
+                unsigned char count;
+
+                ret = read(fd, &count, sizeof(count));
+                alarm(0);
+                if ((ret == -1) && (errno == EINTR)) {
+                        /* Alarm expired, time to unpark the heads */
+                        continue;
+                }
+
+                if (ret != sizeof(count)) {
+                        perror("read");
+                        break;
+                }
+
+                protect(21);
+                set_led(1);
+                if (1 || on_ac() || lid_open())
+                        alarm(2);
+                else
+                        alarm(20);
+        }
+
+        close(fd);
+        return EXIT_SUCCESS;
 }
diff --git a/Documentation/hwmon/ltc4215 b/Documentation/hwmon/ltc4215
index 2e6a21eb656c..c196a1846259 100644
--- a/Documentation/hwmon/ltc4215
+++ b/Documentation/hwmon/ltc4215
@@ -22,12 +22,13 @@ Usage Notes
 -----------
 
 This driver does not probe for LTC4215 devices, due to the fact that some
-of the possible addresses are unfriendly to probing. You will need to use
-the "force" parameter to tell the driver where to find the device.
+of the possible addresses are unfriendly to probing. You will have to
+instantiate the devices explicitly.
 
 Example: the following will load the driver for an LTC4215 at address 0x44
 on I2C bus #0:
-$ modprobe ltc4215 force=0,0x44
+$ modprobe ltc4215
+$ echo ltc4215 0x44 > /sys/bus/i2c/devices/i2c-0/new_device
 
 
 Sysfs entries
diff --git a/Documentation/hwmon/ltc4245 b/Documentation/hwmon/ltc4245
index bae7a3adc5d8..02838a47d862 100644
--- a/Documentation/hwmon/ltc4245
+++ b/Documentation/hwmon/ltc4245
@@ -23,12 +23,13 @@ Usage Notes
 -----------
 
 This driver does not probe for LTC4245 devices, due to the fact that some
-of the possible addresses are unfriendly to probing. You will need to use
-the "force" parameter to tell the driver where to find the device.
+of the possible addresses are unfriendly to probing. You will have to
+instantiate the devices explicitly.
 
 Example: the following will load the driver for an LTC4245 at address 0x23
 on I2C bus #1:
-$ modprobe ltc4245 force=1,0x23
+$ modprobe ltc4245
+$ echo ltc4245 0x23 > /sys/bus/i2c/devices/i2c-1/new_device
 
 
 Sysfs entries
diff --git a/Documentation/hwmon/pc87427 b/Documentation/hwmon/pc87427
index d1ebbe510f35..db5cc1227a83 100644
--- a/Documentation/hwmon/pc87427
+++ b/Documentation/hwmon/pc87427
@@ -34,5 +34,5 @@ Fan rotation speeds are reported as 14-bit values from a gated clock
 signal. Speeds down to 83 RPM can be measured.
 
 An alarm is triggered if the rotation speed drops below a programmable
-limit. Another alarm is triggered if the speed is too low to to be measured
+limit. Another alarm is triggered if the speed is too low to be measured
 (including stalled or missing fan).
diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/busses/i2c-piix4 b/Documentation/i2c/busses/i2c-piix4
index f889481762b5..c5b37c570554 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/busses/i2c-piix4
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/busses/i2c-piix4
@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ Supported adapters:
     Datasheet: Only available via NDA from ServerWorks
   * ATI IXP200, IXP300, IXP400, SB600, SB700 and SB800 southbridges
     Datasheet: Not publicly available
+  * AMD SB900
+    Datasheet: Not publicly available
   * Standard Microsystems (SMSC) SLC90E66 (Victory66) southbridge
     Datasheet: Publicly available at the SMSC website http://www.smsc.com
 
diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/chips/pca9539 b/Documentation/i2c/chips/pca9539
deleted file mode 100644
index 6aff890088b1..000000000000
--- a/Documentation/i2c/chips/pca9539
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,58 +0,0 @@
-Kernel driver pca9539
-=====================
-
-NOTE: this driver is deprecated and will be dropped soon, use
-drivers/gpio/pca9539.c instead.
-
-Supported chips:
-  * Philips PCA9539
-    Prefix: 'pca9539'
-    Addresses scanned: none
-    Datasheet:
-        http://www.semiconductors.philips.com/acrobat/datasheets/PCA9539_2.pdf
-
-Author: Ben Gardner <bgardner@wabtec.com>
-
-
-Description
------------
-
-The Philips PCA9539 is a 16 bit low power I/O device.
-All 16 lines can be individually configured as an input or output.
-The input sense can also be inverted.
-The 16 lines are split between two bytes.
-
-
-Detection
----------
-
-The PCA9539 is difficult to detect and not commonly found in PC machines,
-so you have to pass the I2C bus and address of the installed PCA9539
-devices explicitly to the driver at load time via the force=... parameter.
-
-
-Sysfs entries
--------------
-
-Each is a byte that maps to the 8 I/O bits.
-A '0' suffix is for bits 0-7, while '1' is for bits 8-15.
-
-input[01]     - read the current value
-output[01]    - sets the output value
-direction[01] - direction of each bit: 1=input, 0=output
-invert[01]    - toggle the input bit sense
-
-input reads the actual state of the line and is always available.
-The direction defaults to input for all channels.
-
-
-General Remarks
----------------
-
-Note that each output, direction, and invert entry controls 8 lines.
-You should use the read, modify, write sequence.
-For example. to set output bit 0 of 1.
-  val=$(cat output0)
-  val=$(( $val | 1 ))
-  echo $val > output0
-
diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/chips/pcf8574 b/Documentation/i2c/chips/pcf8574
deleted file mode 100644
index 235815c075ff..000000000000
--- a/Documentation/i2c/chips/pcf8574
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
-Kernel driver pcf8574
-=====================
-
-Supported chips:
-  * Philips PCF8574
-    Prefix: 'pcf8574'
-    Addresses scanned: none
-    Datasheet: Publicly available at the Philips Semiconductors website
-               http://www.semiconductors.philips.com/pip/PCF8574P.html
-
- * Philips PCF8574A
-    Prefix: 'pcf8574a'
-    Addresses scanned: none
-    Datasheet: Publicly available at the Philips Semiconductors website
-               http://www.semiconductors.philips.com/pip/PCF8574P.html
-
-Authors:
-        Frodo Looijaard <frodol@dds.nl>,
-        Philip Edelbrock <phil@netroedge.com>,
-        Dan Eaton <dan.eaton@rocketlogix.com>,
-        Aurelien Jarno <aurelien@aurel32.net>,
-        Jean Delvare <khali@linux-fr.org>,
-
-
-Description
------------
-The PCF8574(A) is an 8-bit I/O expander for the I2C bus produced by Philips
-Semiconductors. It is designed to provide a byte I2C interface to up to 16
-separate devices (8 x PCF8574 and 8 x PCF8574A).
-
-This device consists of a quasi-bidirectional port. Each of the eight I/Os
-can be independently used as an input or output. To setup an I/O as an
-input, you have to write a 1 to the corresponding output.
-
-For more informations see the datasheet.
-
-
-Accessing PCF8574(A) via /sys interface
--------------------------------------
-
-The PCF8574(A) is plainly impossible to detect ! Stupid chip.
-So, you have to pass the I2C bus and address of the installed PCF857A
-and PCF8574A devices explicitly to the driver at load time via the
-force=... parameter.
-
-On detection (i.e. insmod, modprobe et al.), directories are being
-created for each detected PCF8574(A):
-
-/sys/bus/i2c/devices/<0>-<1>/
-where <0> is the bus the chip was detected on (e. g. i2c-0)
-and <1> the chip address ([20..27] or [38..3f]):
-
-(example: /sys/bus/i2c/devices/1-0020/)
-
-Inside these directories, there are two files each:
-read and write (and one file with chip name).
-
-The read file is read-only. Reading gives you the current I/O input
-if the corresponding output is set as 1, otherwise the current output
-value, that is to say 0.
-
-The write file is read/write. Writing a value outputs it on the I/O
-port. Reading returns the last written value. As it is not possible
-to read this value from the chip, you need to write at least once to
-this file before you can read back from it.
diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/chips/pcf8575 b/Documentation/i2c/chips/pcf8575
deleted file mode 100644
index 40b268eb276f..000000000000
--- a/Documentation/i2c/chips/pcf8575
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,69 +0,0 @@
-About the PCF8575 chip and the pcf8575 kernel driver
-====================================================
-
-The PCF8575 chip is produced by the following manufacturers:
-
-  * Philips NXP
-    http://www.nxp.com/#/pip/cb=[type=product,path=50807/41735/41850,final=PCF8575_3]|pip=[pip=PCF8575_3][0]
-
-  * Texas Instruments
-    http://focus.ti.com/docs/prod/folders/print/pcf8575.html
-
-
-Some vendors sell small PCB's with the PCF8575 mounted on it. You can connect
-such a board to a Linux host via e.g. an USB to I2C interface. Examples of
-PCB boards with a PCF8575:
-
-  * SFE Breakout Board for PCF8575 I2C Expander by RobotShop
-    http://www.robotshop.ca/home/products/robot-parts/electronics/adapters-converters/sfe-pcf8575-i2c-expander-board.html
-
-  * Breakout Board for PCF8575 I2C Expander by Spark Fun Electronics
-    http://www.sparkfun.com/commerce/product_info.php?products_id=8130
-
-
-Description
------------
-The PCF8575 chip is a 16-bit I/O expander for the I2C bus. Up to eight of
-these chips can be connected to the same I2C bus. You can find this
-chip on some custom designed hardware, but you won't find it on PC
-motherboards.
-
-The PCF8575 chip consists of a 16-bit quasi-bidirectional port and an I2C-bus
-interface. Each of the sixteen I/O's can be independently used as an input or
-an output. To set up an I/O pin as an input, you have to write a 1 to the
-corresponding output.
-
-For more information please see the datasheet.
-
-
-Detection
----------
-
-There is no method known to detect whether a chip on a given I2C address is
-a PCF8575 or whether it is any other I2C device, so you have to pass the I2C
-bus and address of the installed PCF8575 devices explicitly to the driver at
-load time via the force=... parameter.
-
-/sys interface
---------------
-
-For each address on which a PCF8575 chip was found or forced the following
-files will be created under /sys:
-* /sys/bus/i2c/devices/<bus>-<address>/read
-* /sys/bus/i2c/devices/<bus>-<address>/write
-where bus is the I2C bus number (0, 1, ...) and address is the four-digit
-hexadecimal representation of the 7-bit I2C address of the PCF8575
-(0020 .. 0027).
-
-The read file is read-only. Reading it will trigger an I2C read and will hence
-report the current input state for the pins configured as inputs, and the
-current output value for the pins configured as outputs.
-
-The write file is read-write. Writing a value to it will configure all pins
-as output for which the corresponding bit is zero. Reading the write file will
-return the value last written, or -EAGAIN if no value has yet been written to
-the write file.
-
-On module initialization the configuration of the chip is not changed -- the
-chip is left in the state it was already configured in through either power-up
-or through previous I2C write actions.
diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/instantiating-devices b/Documentation/i2c/instantiating-devices
index c740b7b41088..e89490270aba 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/instantiating-devices
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/instantiating-devices
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ segment, the address is sufficient to uniquely identify the device to be
 deleted.
 
 Example:
-# echo eeprom 0x50 > /sys/class/i2c-adapter/i2c-3/new_device
+# echo eeprom 0x50 > /sys/bus/i2c/devices/i2c-3/new_device
 
 While this interface should only be used when in-kernel device declaration
 can't be done, there is a variety of cases where it can be helpful:
diff --git a/Documentation/ia64/aliasing-test.c b/Documentation/ia64/aliasing-test.c
index d23610fb2ff9..3dfb76ca6931 100644
--- a/Documentation/ia64/aliasing-test.c
+++ b/Documentation/ia64/aliasing-test.c
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 
 int sum;
 
-int map_mem(char *path, off_t offset, size_t length, int touch)
+static int map_mem(char *path, off_t offset, size_t length, int touch)
 {
         int fd, rc;
         void *addr;
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ int map_mem(char *path, off_t offset, size_t length, int touch)
         return 0;
 }
 
-int scan_tree(char *path, char *file, off_t offset, size_t length, int touch)
+static int scan_tree(char *path, char *file, off_t offset, size_t length, int touch)
 {
         struct dirent **namelist;
         char *name, *path2;
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ skip:
 
 char buf[1024];
 
-int read_rom(char *path)
+static int read_rom(char *path)
 {
         int fd, rc;
         size_t size = 0;
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ int read_rom(char *path)
         return size;
 }
 
-int scan_rom(char *path, char *file)
+static int scan_rom(char *path, char *file)
 {
         struct dirent **namelist;
         char *name, *path2;
diff --git a/Documentation/ioctl/ioctl-number.txt b/Documentation/ioctl/ioctl-number.txt
index aafca0a8f66a..947374977ca5 100644
--- a/Documentation/ioctl/ioctl-number.txt
+++ b/Documentation/ioctl/ioctl-number.txt
@@ -135,6 +135,7 @@ Code	Seq#	Include File		Comments
                                         <http://mikonos.dia.unisa.it/tcfs>
 'l'     40-7F   linux/udf_fs_i.h        in development:
                                         <http://sourceforge.net/projects/linux-udf/>
+'m'     00-09   linux/mmtimer.h
 'm'     all     linux/mtio.h            conflict!
 'm'     all     linux/soundcard.h       conflict!
 'm'     all     linux/synclink.h        conflict!
diff --git a/Documentation/kbuild/kbuild.txt b/Documentation/kbuild/kbuild.txt
index f3355b6812df..bb3bf38f03da 100644
--- a/Documentation/kbuild/kbuild.txt
+++ b/Documentation/kbuild/kbuild.txt
@@ -65,6 +65,22 @@ INSTALL_PATH
 INSTALL_PATH specifies where to place the updated kernel and system map
 images. Default is /boot, but you can set it to other values.
 
+INSTALLKERNEL
+--------------------------------------------------
+Install script called when using "make install".
+The default name is "installkernel".
+
+The script will be called with the following arguments:
+    $1 - kernel version
+    $2 - kernel image file
+    $3 - kernel map file
+    $4 - default install path (use root directory if blank)
+
+The implmentation of "make install" is architecture specific
+and it may differ from the above.
+
+INSTALLKERNEL is provided to enable the possibility to
+specify a custom installer when cross compiling a kernel.
 
 MODLIB
 --------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/Documentation/kbuild/makefiles.txt b/Documentation/kbuild/makefiles.txt
index d76cfd8712e1..71c602d61680 100644
--- a/Documentation/kbuild/makefiles.txt
+++ b/Documentation/kbuild/makefiles.txt
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ This document describes the Linux kernel Makefiles.
            --- 3.9 Dependency tracking
            --- 3.10 Special Rules
            --- 3.11 $(CC) support functions
+           --- 3.12 $(LD) support functions
 
         === 4 Host Program support
            --- 4.1 Simple Host Program
@@ -435,14 +436,14 @@ more details, with real examples.
         The second argument is optional, and if supplied will be used
         if first argument is not supported.
 
-    ld-option
-        ld-option is used to check if $(CC) when used to link object files
+    cc-ldoption
+        cc-ldoption is used to check if $(CC) when used to link object files
         supports the given option.  An optional second option may be
         specified if first option are not supported.
 
         Example:
                 #arch/i386/kernel/Makefile
-                vsyscall-flags += $(call ld-option, -Wl$(comma)--hash-style=sysv)
+                vsyscall-flags += $(call cc-ldoption, -Wl$(comma)--hash-style=sysv)
 
         In the above example, vsyscall-flags will be assigned the option
         -Wl$(comma)--hash-style=sysv if it is supported by $(CC).
@@ -570,6 +571,19 @@ more details, with real examples.
                         endif
                 endif
 
+--- 3.12 $(LD) support functions
+
+    ld-option
+        ld-option is used to check if $(LD) supports the supplied option.
+        ld-option takes two options as arguments.
+        The second argument is an optional option that can be used if the
+        first option is not supported by $(LD).
+
+        Example:
+                #Makefile
+                LDFLAGS_vmlinux += $(call really-ld-option, -X)
+
+
 === 4 Host Program support
 
 Kbuild supports building executables on the host for use during the
diff --git a/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt b/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
index 0f17d16dc101..6fa7292947e5 100644
--- a/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
+++ b/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
@@ -671,7 +671,7 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file
         earlyprintk=    [X86,SH,BLACKFIN]
                         earlyprintk=vga
                         earlyprintk=serial[,ttySn[,baudrate]]
-                        earlyprintk=dbgp
+                        earlyprintk=dbgp[debugController#]
 
                         Append ",keep" to not disable it when the real console
                         takes over.
@@ -933,7 +933,7 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file
                         1 -- enable informational integrity auditing messages.
 
         ima_hash=       [IMA]
-                        Formt: { "sha1" | "md5" }
+                        Format: { "sha1" | "md5" }
                         default: "sha1"
 
         ima_tcb         [IMA]
diff --git a/Documentation/kmemcheck.txt b/Documentation/kmemcheck.txt
index 363044609dad..c28f82895d6b 100644
--- a/Documentation/kmemcheck.txt
+++ b/Documentation/kmemcheck.txt
@@ -43,26 +43,7 @@ feature.
 1. Downloading
 ==============
 
-kmemcheck can only be downloaded using git. If you want to write patches
-against the current code, you should use the kmemcheck development branch of
-the tip tree. It is also possible to use the linux-next tree, which also
-includes the latest version of kmemcheck.
-
-Assuming that you've already cloned the linux-2.6.git repository, all you
-have to do is add the -tip tree as a remote, like this:
-
-        $ git remote add tip git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip.git
-
-To actually download the tree, fetch the remote:
-
-        $ git fetch tip
-
-And to check out a new local branch with the kmemcheck code:
-
-        $ git checkout -b kmemcheck tip/kmemcheck
-
-General instructions for the -tip tree can be found here:
-http://people.redhat.com/mingo/tip.git/readme.txt
+As of version 2.6.31-rc1, kmemcheck is included in the mainline kernel.
 
 
 2. Configuring and compiling
diff --git a/Documentation/laptops/asus-laptop.txt b/Documentation/laptops/asus-laptop.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..c1c5be84e4b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/laptops/asus-laptop.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
+Asus Laptop Extras
+
+Version 0.1
+August 6, 2009
+
+Corentin Chary <corentincj@iksaif.net>
+http://acpi4asus.sf.net/
+
+ This driver provides support for extra features of ACPI-compatible ASUS laptops.
+ It may also support some MEDION, JVC or VICTOR laptops (such as MEDION 9675 or
+ VICTOR XP7210 for example). It makes all the extra buttons generate standard
+ ACPI events that go through /proc/acpi/events and input events (like keyboards).
+ On some models adds support for changing the display brightness and output,
+ switching the LCD backlight on and off, and most importantly, allows you to
+ blink those fancy LEDs intended for reporting mail and wireless status.
+
+This driver supercedes the old asus_acpi driver.
+
+Requirements
+------------
+
+  Kernel 2.6.X sources, configured for your computer, with ACPI support.
+  You also need CONFIG_INPUT and CONFIG_ACPI.
+
+Status
+------
+
+ The features currently supported are the following (see below for
+ detailed description):
+
+ - Fn key combinations
+ - Bluetooth enable and disable
+ - Wlan enable and disable
+ - GPS enable and disable
+ - Video output switching
+ - Ambient Light Sensor on and off
+ - LED control
+ - LED Display control
+ - LCD brightness control
+ - LCD on and off
+
+ A compatibility table by model and feature is maintained on the web
+ site, http://acpi4asus.sf.net/.
+
+Usage
+-----
+
+  Try "modprobe asus_acpi". Check your dmesg (simply type dmesg). You should
+  see some lines like this :
+
+      Asus Laptop Extras version 0.42
+        L2D model detected.
+
+  If it is not the output you have on your laptop, send it (and the laptop's
+  DSDT) to me.
+
+  That's all, now, all the events generated by the hotkeys of your laptop
+  should be reported in your /proc/acpi/event entry. You can check with
+  "acpi_listen".
+
+  Hotkeys are also reported as input keys (like keyboards) you can check
+  which key are supported using "xev" under X11.
+
+  You can get informations on the version of your DSDT table by reading the
+  /sys/devices/platform/asus-laptop/infos entry. If you have a question or a
+  bug report to do, please include the output of this entry.
+
+LEDs
+----
+
+  You can modify LEDs be echoing values to /sys/class/leds/asus::*/brightness :
+    echo 1 >  /sys/class/leds/asus::mail/brightness
+  will switch the mail LED on.
+  You can also know if they are on/off by reading their content and use
+  kernel triggers like ide-disk or heartbeat.
+
+Backlight
+---------
+
+  You can control lcd backlight power and brightness with
+  /sys/class/backlight/asus-laptop/. Brightness Values are between 0 and 15.
+
+Wireless devices
+---------------
+
+  You can turn the internal Bluetooth adapter on/off with the bluetooth entry
+  (only on models with Bluetooth). This usually controls the associated LED.
+  Same for Wlan adapter.
+
+Display switching
+-----------------
+
+  Note: the display switching code is currently considered EXPERIMENTAL.
+
+  Switching works for the following models:
+    L3800C
+    A2500H
+    L5800C
+    M5200N
+    W1000N (albeit with some glitches)
+    M6700R
+    A6JC
+    F3J
+
+  Switching doesn't work for the following:
+    M3700N
+    L2X00D (locks the laptop under certain conditions)
+
+  To switch the displays, echo values from 0 to 15 to
+  /sys/devices/platform/asus-laptop/display. The significance of those values
+  is as follows:
+
+  +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
+  | Bin   | Val | DVI | TV  | CRT | LCD |
+  +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
+  + 0000  +   0 +     +     +     +     +
+  +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
+  + 0001  +   1 +     +     +     +  X  +
+  +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
+  + 0010  +   2 +     +     +  X  +     +
+  +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
+  + 0011  +   3 +     +     +  X  +  X  +
+  +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
+  + 0100  +   4 +     +  X  +     +     +
+  +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
+  + 0101  +   5 +     +  X  +     + X   +
+  +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
+  + 0110  +   6 +     +  X  +  X  +     +
+  +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
+  + 0111  +   7 +     +  X  +  X  +  X  +
+  +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
+  + 1000  +   8 +  X  +     +     +     +
+  +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
+  + 1001  +   9 +  X  +     +     +  X  +
+  +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
+  + 1010  +  10 +  X  +     +  X  +     +
+  +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
+  + 1011  +  11 +  X  +     +  X  +  X  +
+  +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
+  + 1100  +  12 +  X  +  X  +     +     +
+  +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
+  + 1101  +  13 +  X  +  X  +     +  X  +
+  +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
+  + 1110  +  14 +  X  +  X  +  X  +     +
+  +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
+  + 1111  +  15 +  X  +  X  +  X  +  X  +
+  +-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
+
+  In most cases, the appropriate displays must be plugged in for the above
+  combinations to work. TV-Out may need to be initialized at boot time.
+
+  Debugging:
+  1) Check whether the Fn+F8 key:
+     a) does not lock the laptop (try disabling CONFIG_X86_UP_APIC or boot with
+        noapic / nolapic if it does)
+     b) generates events (0x6n, where n is the value corresponding to the
+        configuration above)
+     c) actually works
+     Record the disp value at every configuration.
+  2) Echo values from 0 to 15 to /sys/devices/platform/asus-laptop/display.
+     Record its value, note any change. If nothing changes, try a broader range,
+     up to 65535.
+  3) Send ANY output (both positive and negative reports are needed, unless your
+     machine is already listed above) to the acpi4asus-user mailing list.
+
+  Note: on some machines (e.g. L3C), after the module has been loaded, only 0x6n
+  events are generated and no actual switching occurs. In such a case, a line
+  like:
+
+    echo $((10#$arg-60)) > /sys/devices/platform/asus-laptop/display
+
+  will usually do the trick ($arg is the 0000006n-like event passed to acpid).
+
+  Note: there is currently no reliable way to read display status on xxN
+  (Centrino) models.
+
+LED display
+-----------
+
+  Some models like the W1N have a LED display that can be used to display
+  several informations.
+
+  LED display works for the following models:
+    W1000N
+    W1J
+
+  To control the LED display, use the following :
+
+    echo 0x0T000DDD > /sys/devices/platform/asus-laptop/
+
+  where T control the 3 letters display, and DDD the 3 digits display,
+  according to the tables below.
+
+         DDD (digits)
+         000 to 999 = display digits
+         AAA        = ---
+         BBB to FFF = turn-off
+
+         T  (type)
+         0 = off
+         1 = dvd
+         2 = vcd
+         3 = mp3
+         4 = cd
+         5 = tv
+         6 = cpu
+         7 = vol
+
+  For example "echo 0x01000001 >/sys/devices/platform/asus-laptop/ledd"
+  would display "DVD001".
+
+Driver options:
+---------------
+
+ Options can be passed to the asus-laptop driver using the standard
+ module argument syntax (<param>=<value> when passing the option to the
+ module or asus-laptop.<param>=<value> on the kernel boot line when
+ asus-laptop is statically linked into the kernel).
+
+             wapf: WAPF defines the behavior of the Fn+Fx wlan key
+                   The significance of values is yet to be found, but
+                   most of the time:
+                   - 0x0 should do nothing
+                   - 0x1 should allow to control the device with Fn+Fx key.
+                   - 0x4 should send an ACPI event (0x88) while pressing the Fn+Fx key
+                   - 0x5 like 0x1 or 0x4
+
+ The default value is 0x1.
+
+Unsupported models
+------------------
+
+ These models will never be supported by this module, as they use a completely
+ different mechanism to handle LEDs and extra stuff (meaning we have no clue
+ how it works):
+
+ - ASUS A1300 (A1B), A1370D
+ - ASUS L7300G
+ - ASUS L8400
+
+Patches, Errors, Questions:
+--------------------------
+
+ I appreciate any success or failure
+ reports, especially if they add to or correct the compatibility table.
+ Please include the following information in your report:
+
+ - Asus model name
+ - a copy of your ACPI tables, using the "acpidump" utility
+ - a copy of /sys/devices/platform/asus-laptop/infos
+ - which driver features work and which don't
+ - the observed behavior of non-working features
+
+ Any other comments or patches are also more than welcome.
+
+ acpi4asus-user@lists.sourceforge.net
+ http://sourceforge.net/projects/acpi4asus
+
diff --git a/Documentation/laptops/thinkpad-acpi.txt b/Documentation/laptops/thinkpad-acpi.txt
index e2ddcdeb61b6..aafcaa634191 100644
--- a/Documentation/laptops/thinkpad-acpi.txt
+++ b/Documentation/laptops/thinkpad-acpi.txt
@@ -199,18 +199,22 @@ kind to allow it (and it often doesn't!).
 
 Not all bits in the mask can be modified.  Not all bits that can be
 modified do anything.  Not all hot keys can be individually controlled
-by the mask.  Some models do not support the mask at all, and in those
-models, hot keys cannot be controlled individually.  The behaviour of
-the mask is, therefore, highly dependent on the ThinkPad model.
+by the mask.  Some models do not support the mask at all.  The behaviour
+of the mask is, therefore, highly dependent on the ThinkPad model.
+
+The driver will filter out any unmasked hotkeys, so even if the firmware
+doesn't allow disabling an specific hotkey, the driver will not report
+events for unmasked hotkeys.
 
 Note that unmasking some keys prevents their default behavior.  For
 example, if Fn+F5 is unmasked, that key will no longer enable/disable
-Bluetooth by itself.
+Bluetooth by itself in firmware.
 
-Note also that not all Fn key combinations are supported through ACPI.
-For example, on the X40, the brightness, volume and "Access IBM" buttons
-do not generate ACPI events even with this driver.  They *can* be used
-through the "ThinkPad Buttons" utility, see http://www.nongnu.org/tpb/
+Note also that not all Fn key combinations are supported through ACPI
+depending on the ThinkPad model and firmware version.  On those
+ThinkPads, it is still possible to support some extra hotkeys by
+polling the "CMOS NVRAM" at least 10 times per second.  The driver
+attempts to enables this functionality automatically when required.
 
 procfs notes:
 
@@ -219,7 +223,7 @@ The following commands can be written to the /proc/acpi/ibm/hotkey file:
         echo 0xffffffff > /proc/acpi/ibm/hotkey -- enable all hot keys
         echo 0 > /proc/acpi/ibm/hotkey -- disable all possible hot keys
         ... any other 8-hex-digit mask ...
-        echo reset > /proc/acpi/ibm/hotkey -- restore the original mask
+        echo reset > /proc/acpi/ibm/hotkey -- restore the recommended mask
 
 The following commands have been deprecated and will cause the kernel
 to log a warning:
@@ -240,9 +244,13 @@ sysfs notes:
                 Returns 0.
 
         hotkey_bios_mask:
+                DEPRECATED, DON'T USE, WILL BE REMOVED IN THE FUTURE.
+
                 Returns the hot keys mask when thinkpad-acpi was loaded.
                 Upon module unload, the hot keys mask will be restored
-                to this value.
+                to this value.   This is always 0x80c, because those are
+                the hotkeys that were supported by ancient firmware
+                without mask support.
 
         hotkey_enable:
                 DEPRECATED, WILL BE REMOVED SOON.
@@ -251,18 +259,11 @@ sysfs notes:
                 1: does nothing
 
         hotkey_mask:
-                bit mask to enable driver-handling (and depending on
+                bit mask to enable reporting (and depending on
                 the firmware, ACPI event generation) for each hot key
                 (see above).  Returns the current status of the hot keys
                 mask, and allows one to modify it.
 
-                Note: when NVRAM polling is active, the firmware mask
-                will be different from the value returned by
-                hotkey_mask.  The driver will retain enabled bits for
-                hotkeys that are under NVRAM polling even if the
-                firmware refuses them, and will not set these bits on
-                the firmware hot key mask.
-
         hotkey_all_mask:
                 bit mask that should enable event reporting for all
                 supported hot keys, when echoed to hotkey_mask above.
@@ -275,7 +276,8 @@ sysfs notes:
                 bit mask that should enable event reporting for all
                 supported hot keys, except those which are always
                 handled by the firmware anyway.  Echo it to
-                hotkey_mask above, to use.
+                hotkey_mask above, to use.  This is the default mask
+                used by the driver.
 
         hotkey_source_mask:
                 bit mask that selects which hot keys will the driver
@@ -283,9 +285,10 @@ sysfs notes:
                 based on the capabilities reported by the ACPI firmware,
                 but it can be overridden at runtime.
 
-                Hot keys whose bits are set in both hotkey_source_mask
-                and also on hotkey_mask are polled for in NVRAM.  Only a
-                few hot keys are available through CMOS NVRAM polling.
+                Hot keys whose bits are set in hotkey_source_mask are
+                polled for in NVRAM, and reported as hotkey events if
+                enabled in hotkey_mask.  Only a few hot keys are
+                available through CMOS NVRAM polling.
 
                 Warning: when in NVRAM mode, the volume up/down/mute
                 keys are synthesized according to changes in the mixer,
@@ -521,6 +524,7 @@ compatibility purposes when hotkey_report_mode is set to 1.
 0x2305          System is waking up from suspend to eject bay
 0x2404          System is waking up from hibernation to undock
 0x2405          System is waking up from hibernation to eject bay
+0x5010          Brightness level changed/control event
 
 The above events are never propagated by the driver.
 
@@ -528,7 +532,6 @@ The above events are never propagated by the driver.
 0x4003          Undocked (see 0x2x04), can sleep again
 0x500B          Tablet pen inserted into its storage bay
 0x500C          Tablet pen removed from its storage bay
-0x5010          Brightness level changed (newer Lenovo BIOSes)
 
 The above events are propagated by the driver.
 
@@ -617,6 +620,8 @@ For Lenovo models *with* ACPI backlight control:
 2. Do *NOT* load up ACPI video, enable the hotkeys in thinkpad-acpi,
    and map them to KEY_BRIGHTNESS_UP and KEY_BRIGHTNESS_DOWN.  Process
    these keys on userspace somehow (e.g. by calling xbacklight).
+   The driver will do this automatically if it detects that ACPI video
+   has been disabled.
 
 
 Bluetooth
@@ -1455,3 +1460,8 @@ Sysfs interface changelog:
 0x020400:       Marker for 16 LEDs support.  Also, LEDs that are known
                 to not exist in a given model are not registered with
                 the LED sysfs class anymore.
+
+0x020500:       Updated hotkey driver, hotkey_mask is always available
+                and it is always able to disable hot keys.  Very old
+                thinkpads are properly supported.  hotkey_bios_mask
+                is deprecated and marked for removal.
diff --git a/Documentation/leds-class.txt b/Documentation/leds-class.txt
index 6399557cdab3..8fd5ca2ae32d 100644
--- a/Documentation/leds-class.txt
+++ b/Documentation/leds-class.txt
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+
 LED handling under Linux
 ========================
 
@@ -5,10 +6,10 @@ If you're reading this and thinking about keyboard leds, these are
 handled by the input subsystem and the led class is *not* needed.
 
 In its simplest form, the LED class just allows control of LEDs from
-userspace. LEDs appear in /sys/class/leds/. The brightness file will
-set the brightness of the LED (taking a value 0-255). Most LEDs don't
-have hardware brightness support so will just be turned on for non-zero
-brightness settings.
+userspace. LEDs appear in /sys/class/leds/. The maximum brightness of the
+LED is defined in max_brightness file. The brightness file will set the brightness
+of the LED (taking a value 0-max_brightness). Most LEDs don't have hardware
+brightness support so will just be turned on for non-zero brightness settings.
 
 The class also introduces the optional concept of an LED trigger. A trigger
 is a kernel based source of led events. Triggers can either be simple or
diff --git a/Documentation/lguest/lguest.c b/Documentation/lguest/lguest.c
index 950cde6d6e58..ba9373f82ab5 100644
--- a/Documentation/lguest/lguest.c
+++ b/Documentation/lguest/lguest.c
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@
 #include <signal.h>
 #include "linux/lguest_launcher.h"
 #include "linux/virtio_config.h"
+#include <linux/virtio_ids.h>
 #include "linux/virtio_net.h"
 #include "linux/virtio_blk.h"
 #include "linux/virtio_console.h"
@@ -133,6 +134,9 @@ struct device {
         /* Is it operational */
         bool running;
 
+        /* Does Guest want an intrrupt on empty? */
+        bool irq_on_empty;
+
         /* Device-specific data. */
         void *priv;
 };
@@ -623,10 +627,13 @@ static void trigger_irq(struct virtqueue *vq)
                 return;
         vq->pending_used = 0;
 
-        /* If they don't want an interrupt, don't send one, unless empty. */
-        if ((vq->vring.avail->flags & VRING_AVAIL_F_NO_INTERRUPT)
-            && lg_last_avail(vq) != vq->vring.avail->idx)
-                return;
+        /* If they don't want an interrupt, don't send one... */
+        if (vq->vring.avail->flags & VRING_AVAIL_F_NO_INTERRUPT) {
+                /* ... unless they've asked us to force one on empty. */
+                if (!vq->dev->irq_on_empty
+                    || lg_last_avail(vq) != vq->vring.avail->idx)
+                        return;
+        }
 
         /* Send the Guest an interrupt tell them we used something up. */
         if (write(lguest_fd, buf, sizeof(buf)) != 0)
@@ -1042,6 +1049,15 @@ static void create_thread(struct virtqueue *vq)
         close(vq->eventfd);
 }
 
+static bool accepted_feature(struct device *dev, unsigned int bit)
+{
+        const u8 *features = get_feature_bits(dev) + dev->feature_len;
+
+        if (dev->feature_len < bit / CHAR_BIT)
+                return false;
+        return features[bit / CHAR_BIT] & (1 << (bit % CHAR_BIT));
+}
+
 static void start_device(struct device *dev)
 {
         unsigned int i;
@@ -1055,6 +1071,8 @@ static void start_device(struct device *dev)
                 verbose(" %02x", get_feature_bits(dev)
                         [dev->feature_len+i]);
 
+        dev->irq_on_empty = accepted_feature(dev, VIRTIO_F_NOTIFY_ON_EMPTY);
+
         for (vq = dev->vq; vq; vq = vq->next) {
                 if (vq->service)
                         create_thread(vq);
diff --git a/Documentation/markers.txt b/Documentation/markers.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index d2b3d0e91b26..000000000000
--- a/Documentation/markers.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,104 +0,0 @@
-                     Using the Linux Kernel Markers
-
-                            Mathieu Desnoyers
-
-
-This document introduces Linux Kernel Markers and their use. It provides
-examples of how to insert markers in the kernel and connect probe functions to
-them and provides some examples of probe functions.
-
-
-* Purpose of markers
-
-A marker placed in code provides a hook to call a function (probe) that you can
-provide at runtime. A marker can be "on" (a probe is connected to it) or "off"
-(no probe is attached). When a marker is "off" it has no effect, except for
-adding a tiny time penalty (checking a condition for a branch) and space
-penalty (adding a few bytes for the function call at the end of the
-instrumented function and adds a data structure in a separate section).  When a
-marker is "on", the function you provide is called each time the marker is
-executed, in the execution context of the caller. When the function provided
-ends its execution, it returns to the caller (continuing from the marker site).
-
-You can put markers at important locations in the code. Markers are
-lightweight hooks that can pass an arbitrary number of parameters,
-described in a printk-like format string, to the attached probe function.
-
-They can be used for tracing and performance accounting.
-
-
-* Usage
-
-In order to use the macro trace_mark, you should include linux/marker.h.
-
-#include <linux/marker.h>
-
-And,
-
-trace_mark(subsystem_event, "myint %d mystring %s", someint, somestring);
-Where :
-- subsystem_event is an identifier unique to your event
-    - subsystem is the name of your subsystem.
-    - event is the name of the event to mark.
-- "myint %d mystring %s" is the formatted string for the serializer. "myint" and
-  "mystring" are repectively the field names associated with the first and
-  second parameter.
-- someint is an integer.
-- somestring is a char pointer.
-
-Connecting a function (probe) to a marker is done by providing a probe (function
-to call) for the specific marker through marker_probe_register() and can be
-activated by calling marker_arm(). Marker deactivation can be done by calling
-marker_disarm() as many times as marker_arm() has been called. Removing a probe
-is done through marker_probe_unregister(); it will disarm the probe.
-
-marker_synchronize_unregister() must be called between probe unregistration and
-the first occurrence of
-- the end of module exit function,
-  to make sure there is no caller left using the probe;
-- the free of any resource used by the probes,
-  to make sure the probes wont be accessing invalid data.
-This, and the fact that preemption is disabled around the probe call, make sure
-that probe removal and module unload are safe. See the "Probe example" section
-below for a sample probe module.
-
-The marker mechanism supports inserting multiple instances of the same marker.
-Markers can be put in inline functions, inlined static functions, and
-unrolled loops as well as regular functions.
-
-The naming scheme "subsystem_event" is suggested here as a convention intended
-to limit collisions. Marker names are global to the kernel: they are considered
-as being the same whether they are in the core kernel image or in modules.
-Conflicting format strings for markers with the same name will cause the markers
-to be detected to have a different format string not to be armed and will output
-a printk warning which identifies the inconsistency:
-
-"Format mismatch for probe probe_name (format), marker (format)"
-
-Another way to use markers is to simply define the marker without generating any
-function call to actually call into the marker. This is useful in combination
-with tracepoint probes in a scheme like this :
-
-void probe_tracepoint_name(unsigned int arg1, struct task_struct *tsk);
-
-DEFINE_MARKER_TP(marker_eventname, tracepoint_name, probe_tracepoint_name,
-        "arg1 %u pid %d");
-
-notrace void probe_tracepoint_name(unsigned int arg1, struct task_struct *tsk)
-{
-        struct marker *marker = &GET_MARKER(kernel_irq_entry);
-        /* write data to trace buffers ... */
-}
-
-* Probe / marker example
-
-See the example provided in samples/markers/src
-
-Compile them with your kernel.
-
-Run, as root :
-modprobe marker-example (insmod order is not important)
-modprobe probe-example
-cat /proc/marker-example (returns an expected error)
-rmmod marker-example probe-example
-dmesg
diff --git a/Documentation/memory.txt b/Documentation/memory.txt
index 2b3dedd39538..802efe58647c 100644
--- a/Documentation/memory.txt
+++ b/Documentation/memory.txt
@@ -1,18 +1,7 @@
 There are several classic problems related to memory on Linux
 systems.
 
-        1) There are some buggy motherboards which cannot properly 
-           deal with the memory above 16MB.  Consider exchanging
-           your motherboard.
-
-        2) You cannot do DMA on the ISA bus to addresses above
-           16M.  Most device drivers under Linux allow the use
-           of bounce buffers which work around this problem.  Drivers
-           that don't use bounce buffers will be unstable with
-           more than 16M installed.  Drivers that use bounce buffers
-           will be OK, but may have slightly higher overhead.
-        
-        3) There are some motherboards that will not cache above
+        1) There are some motherboards that will not cache above
            a certain quantity of memory.  If you have one of these
            motherboards, your system will be SLOWER, not faster
            as you add more memory.  Consider exchanging your 
@@ -24,7 +13,7 @@ It can also tell Linux to use less memory than is actually installed.
 If you use "mem=" on a machine with PCI, consider using "memmap=" to avoid
 physical address space collisions.
 
-See the documentation of your boot loader (LILO, loadlin, etc.) about
+See the documentation of your boot loader (LILO, grub, loadlin, etc.) about
 how to pass options to the kernel.
 
 There are other memory problems which Linux cannot deal with.  Random
@@ -42,19 +31,3 @@ Try:
           with the vendor. Consider testing it with memtest86 yourself.
         
         * Exchanging your CPU, cache, or motherboard for one that works.
-
-        * Disabling the cache from the BIOS.
-
-        * Try passing the "mem=4M" option to the kernel to limit
-          Linux to using a very small amount of memory. Use "memmap="-option
-          together with "mem=" on systems with PCI to avoid physical address
-          space collisions.
-
-
-Other tricks:
-
-        * Try passing the "no-387" option to the kernel to ignore
-          a buggy FPU.
-
-        * Try passing the "no-hlt" option to disable the potentially
-          buggy HLT instruction in your CPU.
diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/chips/eeprom b/Documentation/misc-devices/eeprom
index f7e8104b5764..f7e8104b5764 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/chips/eeprom
+++ b/Documentation/misc-devices/eeprom
diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/chips/max6875 b/Documentation/misc-devices/max6875
index 10ca43cd1a72..1e89ee3ccc1b 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/chips/max6875
+++ b/Documentation/misc-devices/max6875
@@ -42,10 +42,12 @@ General Remarks
 
 Valid addresses for the MAX6875 are 0x50 and 0x52.
 Valid addresses for the MAX6874 are 0x50, 0x52, 0x54 and 0x56.
-The driver does not probe any address, so you must force the address.
+The driver does not probe any address, so you explicitly instantiate the
+devices.
 
 Example:
-$ modprobe max6875 force=0,0x50
+$ modprobe max6875
+$ echo max6875 0x50 > /sys/bus/i2c/devices/i2c-0/new_device
 
 The MAX6874/MAX6875 ignores address bit 0, so this driver attaches to multiple
 addresses.  For example, for address 0x50, it also reserves 0x51.
diff --git a/Documentation/networking/regulatory.txt b/Documentation/networking/regulatory.txt
index eaa1a25946c1..ee31369e9e5b 100644
--- a/Documentation/networking/regulatory.txt
+++ b/Documentation/networking/regulatory.txt
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ Example code - drivers hinting an alpha2:
 
 This example comes from the zd1211rw device driver. You can start
 by having a mapping of your device's EEPROM country/regulatory
-domain value to to a specific alpha2 as follows:
+domain value to a specific alpha2 as follows:
 
 static struct zd_reg_alpha2_map reg_alpha2_map[] = {
         { ZD_REGDOMAIN_FCC, "US" },
diff --git a/Documentation/networking/timestamping/timestamping.c b/Documentation/networking/timestamping/timestamping.c
index 43d143104210..a7936fe8444a 100644
--- a/Documentation/networking/timestamping/timestamping.c
+++ b/Documentation/networking/timestamping/timestamping.c
@@ -381,7 +381,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
         memset(&hwtstamp, 0, sizeof(hwtstamp));
         strncpy(hwtstamp.ifr_name, interface, sizeof(hwtstamp.ifr_name));
         hwtstamp.ifr_data = (void *)&hwconfig;
-        memset(&hwconfig, 0, sizeof(&hwconfig));
+        memset(&hwconfig, 0, sizeof(hwconfig));
         hwconfig.tx_type =
                 (so_timestamping_flags & SOF_TIMESTAMPING_TX_HARDWARE) ?
                 HWTSTAMP_TX_ON : HWTSTAMP_TX_OFF;
diff --git a/Documentation/numastat.txt b/Documentation/numastat.txt
index 80133ace1eb2..9fcc9a608dc0 100644
--- a/Documentation/numastat.txt
+++ b/Documentation/numastat.txt
@@ -7,10 +7,10 @@ All units are pages. Hugepages have separate counters.
 
 numa_hit                        A process wanted to allocate memory from this node,
                                         and succeeded.
-numa_miss                       A process wanted to allocate memory from this node,
-                                        but ended up with memory from another.
-numa_foreign            A process wanted to allocate on another node,
-                                    but ended up with memory from this one.
+numa_miss                       A process wanted to allocate memory from another node,
+                                        but ended up with memory from this node.
+numa_foreign            A process wanted to allocate on this node,
+                                    but ended up with memory from another one.
 local_node                      A process ran on this node and got memory from it.
 other_node                      A process ran on this node and got memory from another node.
 interleave_hit          Interleaving wanted to allocate from this node
diff --git a/Documentation/pcmcia/crc32hash.c b/Documentation/pcmcia/crc32hash.c
index 4210e5abab8a..44f8beea7260 100644
--- a/Documentation/pcmcia/crc32hash.c
+++ b/Documentation/pcmcia/crc32hash.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ $ ./crc32hash "Dual Speed"
 #include <ctype.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 
-unsigned int crc32(unsigned char const *p, unsigned int len)
+static unsigned int crc32(unsigned char const *p, unsigned int len)
 {
         int i;
         unsigned int crc = 0;
diff --git a/Documentation/power/power_supply_class.txt b/Documentation/power/power_supply_class.txt
index c6cd4956047c..9f16c5178b66 100644
--- a/Documentation/power/power_supply_class.txt
+++ b/Documentation/power/power_supply_class.txt
@@ -76,6 +76,11 @@ STATUS - this attribute represents operating status (charging, full,
 discharging (i.e. powering a load), etc.). This corresponds to
 BATTERY_STATUS_* values, as defined in battery.h.
 
+CHARGE_TYPE - batteries can typically charge at different rates.
+This defines trickle and fast charges.  For batteries that
+are already charged or discharging, 'n/a' can be displayed (or
+'unknown', if the status is not known).
+
 HEALTH - represents health of the battery, values corresponds to
 POWER_SUPPLY_HEALTH_*, defined in battery.h.
 
@@ -108,6 +113,8 @@ relative, time-based measurements.
 ENERGY_FULL, ENERGY_EMPTY - same as above but for energy.
 
 CAPACITY - capacity in percents.
+CAPACITY_LEVEL - capacity level. This corresponds to
+POWER_SUPPLY_CAPACITY_LEVEL_*.
 
 TEMP - temperature of the power supply.
 TEMP_AMBIENT - ambient temperature.
diff --git a/Documentation/power/regulator/design.txt b/Documentation/power/regulator/design.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..f9b56b72b782
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/power/regulator/design.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+Regulator API design notes
+==========================
+
+This document provides a brief, partially structured, overview of some
+of the design considerations which impact the regulator API design.
+
+Safety
+------
+
+ - Errors in regulator configuration can have very serious consequences
+   for the system, potentially including lasting hardware damage.
+ - It is not possible to automatically determine the power confugration
+   of the system - software-equivalent variants of the same chip may
+   have different power requirments, and not all components with power
+   requirements are visible to software.
+
+  => The API should make no changes to the hardware state unless it has
+     specific knowledge that these changes are safe to do perform on
+     this particular system.
+
+Consumer use cases
+------------------
+
+ - The overwhelming majority of devices in a system will have no
+   requirement to do any runtime configuration of their power beyond
+   being able to turn it on or off.
+
+ - Many of the power supplies in the system will be shared between many
+   different consumers.
+
+  => The consumer API should be structured so that these use cases are
+     very easy to handle and so that consumers will work with shared
+     supplies without any additional effort.
diff --git a/Documentation/power/regulator/machine.txt b/Documentation/power/regulator/machine.txt
index ce3487d99abe..63728fed620b 100644
--- a/Documentation/power/regulator/machine.txt
+++ b/Documentation/power/regulator/machine.txt
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ static struct platform_device regulator_devices[] = {
 },
 };
 /* register regulator 1 device */
-platform_device_register(&wm8350_regulator_devices[0]);
+platform_device_register(&regulator_devices[0]);
 
 /* register regulator 2 device */
-platform_device_register(&wm8350_regulator_devices[1]);
+platform_device_register(&regulator_devices[1]);
diff --git a/Documentation/power/regulator/overview.txt b/Documentation/power/regulator/overview.txt
index 0cded696ca01..ffd185bb6054 100644
--- a/Documentation/power/regulator/overview.txt
+++ b/Documentation/power/regulator/overview.txt
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ Some terms used in this document:-
 
 
   o PMIC         - Power Management IC. An IC that contains numerous regulators
-                   and often contains other susbsystems.
+                   and often contains other subsystems.
 
 
   o Consumer     - Electronic device that is supplied power by a regulator.
@@ -168,4 +168,4 @@ relevant to non SoC devices and is split into the following four interfaces:-
       userspace via sysfs. This could be used to help monitor device power
       consumption and status.
 
-        See Documentation/ABI/testing/regulator-sysfs.txt
+        See Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-class-regulator
diff --git a/Documentation/power/regulator/regulator.txt b/Documentation/power/regulator/regulator.txt
index 4200accb9bba..3f8b528f237e 100644
--- a/Documentation/power/regulator/regulator.txt
+++ b/Documentation/power/regulator/regulator.txt
@@ -10,8 +10,9 @@ Registration
 
 Drivers can register a regulator by calling :-
 
-struct regulator_dev *regulator_register(struct device *dev,
-        struct regulator_desc *regulator_desc);
+struct regulator_dev *regulator_register(struct regulator_desc *regulator_desc,
+        struct device *dev, struct regulator_init_data *init_data,
+        void *driver_data);
 
 This will register the regulators capabilities and operations to the regulator
 core.
diff --git a/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/fsl/esdhc.txt b/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/fsl/esdhc.txt
index 3ed3797b5086..8a0040738969 100644
--- a/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/fsl/esdhc.txt
+++ b/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/fsl/esdhc.txt
@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@ Required properties:
   - interrupts : should contain eSDHC interrupt.
   - interrupt-parent : interrupt source phandle.
   - clock-frequency : specifies eSDHC base clock frequency.
+  - sdhci,wp-inverted : (optional) specifies that eSDHC controller
+    reports inverted write-protect state;
   - sdhci,1-bit-only : (optional) specifies that a controller can
     only handle 1-bit data transfers.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/marvell.txt b/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/marvell.txt
index 3708a2fd4747..f1533d91953a 100644
--- a/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/marvell.txt
+++ b/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/marvell.txt
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ prefixed with the string "marvell,", for Marvell Technology Group Ltd.
       devices.  This field represents the number of cells needed to
       represent the address of the memory-mapped registers of devices
       within the system controller chip.
-    - #size-cells : Size representation for for the memory-mapped
+    - #size-cells : Size representation for the memory-mapped
       registers within the system controller chip.
     - #interrupt-cells : Defines the width of cells used to represent
       interrupts.
diff --git a/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/mtd-physmap.txt b/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/mtd-physmap.txt
index 667c9bde8699..80152cb567d9 100644
--- a/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/mtd-physmap.txt
+++ b/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/mtd-physmap.txt
@@ -1,18 +1,19 @@
-CFI or JEDEC memory-mapped NOR flash
+CFI or JEDEC memory-mapped NOR flash, MTD-RAM (NVRAM...)
 
 Flash chips (Memory Technology Devices) are often used for solid state
 file systems on embedded devices.
 
- - compatible : should contain the specific model of flash chip(s)
-   used, if known, followed by either "cfi-flash" or "jedec-flash"
- - reg : Address range(s) of the flash chip(s)
+ - compatible : should contain the specific model of mtd chip(s)
+   used, if known, followed by either "cfi-flash", "jedec-flash"
+   or "mtd-ram".
+ - reg : Address range(s) of the mtd chip(s)
    It's possible to (optionally) define multiple "reg" tuples so that
-   non-identical NOR chips can be described in one flash node.
- - bank-width : Width (in bytes) of the flash bank.  Equal to the
+   non-identical chips can be described in one node.
+ - bank-width : Width (in bytes) of the bank.  Equal to the
    device width times the number of interleaved chips.
- - device-width : (optional) Width of a single flash chip.  If
+ - device-width : (optional) Width of a single mtd chip.  If
    omitted, assumed to be equal to 'bank-width'.
- - #address-cells, #size-cells : Must be present if the flash has
+ - #address-cells, #size-cells : Must be present if the device has
    sub-nodes representing partitions (see below).  In this case
    both #address-cells and #size-cells must be equal to 1.
 
@@ -22,24 +23,24 @@ are defined:
  - vendor-id : Contains the flash chip's vendor id (1 byte).
  - device-id : Contains the flash chip's device id (1 byte).
 
-In addition to the information on the flash bank itself, the
+In addition to the information on the mtd bank itself, the
 device tree may optionally contain additional information
-describing partitions of the flash address space.  This can be
+describing partitions of the address space.  This can be
 used on platforms which have strong conventions about which
-portions of the flash are used for what purposes, but which don't
+portions of a flash are used for what purposes, but which don't
 use an on-flash partition table such as RedBoot.
 
-Each partition is represented as a sub-node of the flash device.
+Each partition is represented as a sub-node of the mtd device.
 Each node's name represents the name of the corresponding
-partition of the flash device.
+partition of the mtd device.
 
 Flash partitions
- - reg : The partition's offset and size within the flash bank.
- - label : (optional) The label / name for this flash partition.
+ - reg : The partition's offset and size within the mtd bank.
+ - label : (optional) The label / name for this partition.
    If omitted, the label is taken from the node name (excluding
    the unit address).
  - read-only : (optional) This parameter, if present, is a hint to
-   Linux that this flash partition should only be mounted
+   Linux that this partition should only be mounted
    read-only.  This is usually used for flash partitions
    containing early-boot firmware images or data which should not
    be clobbered.
@@ -78,3 +79,12 @@ Here an example with multiple "reg" tuples:
                         reg = <0 0x04000000>;
                 };
         };
+
+An example using SRAM:
+
+        sram@2,0 {
+                compatible = "samsung,k6f1616u6a", "mtd-ram";
+                reg = <2 0 0x00200000>;
+                bank-width = <2>;
+        };
+
diff --git a/Documentation/rtc.txt b/Documentation/rtc.txt
index 8deffcd68cb8..9104c1062084 100644
--- a/Documentation/rtc.txt
+++ b/Documentation/rtc.txt
@@ -135,6 +135,30 @@ a high functionality RTC is integrated into the SOC.  That system might read
 the system clock from the discrete RTC, but use the integrated one for all
 other tasks, because of its greater functionality.
 
+SYSFS INTERFACE
+---------------
+
+The sysfs interface under /sys/class/rtc/rtcN provides access to various
+rtc attributes without requiring the use of ioctls. All dates and times
+are in the RTC's timezone, rather than in system time.
+
+date:            RTC-provided date
+hctosys:         1 if the RTC provided the system time at boot via the
+                 CONFIG_RTC_HCTOSYS kernel option, 0 otherwise
+max_user_freq:   The maximum interrupt rate an unprivileged user may request
+                 from this RTC.
+name:            The name of the RTC corresponding to this sysfs directory
+since_epoch:     The number of seconds since the epoch according to the RTC
+time:            RTC-provided time
+wakealarm:       The time at which the clock will generate a system wakeup
+                 event. This is a one shot wakeup event, so must be reset
+                 after wake if a daily wakeup is required. Format is either
+                 seconds since the epoch or, if there's a leading +, seconds
+                 in the future.
+
+IOCTL INTERFACE
+---------------
+
 The ioctl() calls supported by /dev/rtc are also supported by the RTC class
 framework.  However, because the chips and systems are not standardized,
 some PC/AT functionality might not be provided.  And in the same way, some
@@ -185,6 +209,8 @@ driver returns ENOIOCTLCMD.  Some common examples:
         hardware in the irq_set_freq function.  If it isn't, return -EINVAL.  If
         you cannot actually change the frequency, do not define irq_set_freq.
 
+    *   RTC_PIE_ON, RTC_PIE_OFF: the irq_set_state function will be called.
+
 If all else fails, check out the rtc-test.c driver!
 
 
diff --git a/Documentation/scsi/ChangeLog.megaraid b/Documentation/scsi/ChangeLog.megaraid
index eaa4801f2ce6..38e9e7cadc90 100644
--- a/Documentation/scsi/ChangeLog.megaraid
+++ b/Documentation/scsi/ChangeLog.megaraid
@@ -514,7 +514,7 @@ iv.	Remove yield() while mailbox handshake in synchronous commands
 
 v.      Remove redundant __megaraid_busywait_mbox routine
 
-vi.     Fix bug in the managment module, which causes a system lockup when the
+vi.     Fix bug in the management module, which causes a system lockup when the
         IO module is loaded and then unloaded, followed by executing any
         management utility. The current version of management module does not
         handle the adapter unregister properly.
diff --git a/Documentation/scsi/scsi_fc_transport.txt b/Documentation/scsi/scsi_fc_transport.txt
index d7f181701dc2..aec6549ab097 100644
--- a/Documentation/scsi/scsi_fc_transport.txt
+++ b/Documentation/scsi/scsi_fc_transport.txt
@@ -378,7 +378,7 @@ Vport Disable/Enable:
       int vport_disable(struct fc_vport *vport, bool disable)
 
     where:
-      vport:    Is vport to to be enabled or disabled
+      vport:    Is vport to be enabled or disabled
       disable:  If "true", the vport is to be disabled.
                 If "false", the vport is to be enabled.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/sound/alsa/HD-Audio-Models.txt b/Documentation/sound/alsa/HD-Audio-Models.txt
index 97eebd63bedc..4c7f9aee5c4e 100644
--- a/Documentation/sound/alsa/HD-Audio-Models.txt
+++ b/Documentation/sound/alsa/HD-Audio-Models.txt
@@ -209,6 +209,7 @@ AD1884A / AD1883 / AD1984A / AD1984B
   laptop        laptop with HP jack sensing
   mobile        mobile devices with HP jack sensing
   thinkpad      Lenovo Thinkpad X300
+  touchsmart    HP Touchsmart
 
 AD1884
 ======
@@ -358,6 +359,7 @@ STAC9227/9228/9229/927x
   5stack-no-fp  D965 5stack without front panel
   dell-3stack   Dell Dimension E520
   dell-bios     Fixes with Dell BIOS setup
+  volknob       Fixes with volume-knob widget 0x24
   auto          BIOS setup (default)
 
 STAC92HD71B*
@@ -387,7 +389,7 @@ STAC92HD73*
 STAC92HD83*
 ===========
   ref           Reference board
-  mic-ref       Reference board with power managment for ports
+  mic-ref       Reference board with power management for ports
   dell-s14      Dell laptop
   auto          BIOS setup (default)
 
diff --git a/Documentation/spi/spi-summary b/Documentation/spi/spi-summary
index 4a02d2508bc8..deab51ddc33e 100644
--- a/Documentation/spi/spi-summary
+++ b/Documentation/spi/spi-summary
@@ -350,7 +350,7 @@ SPI protocol drivers somewhat resemble platform device drivers:
                 .resume         = CHIP_resume,
         };
 
-The driver core will autmatically attempt to bind this driver to any SPI
+The driver core will automatically attempt to bind this driver to any SPI
 device whose board_info gave a modalias of "CHIP".  Your probe() code
 might look like this unless you're creating a device which is managing
 a bus (appearing under /sys/class/spi_master).
diff --git a/Documentation/spi/spidev_test.c b/Documentation/spi/spidev_test.c
index c1a5aad3c75a..10abd3773e49 100644
--- a/Documentation/spi/spidev_test.c
+++ b/Documentation/spi/spidev_test.c
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ static void transfer(int fd)
         puts("");
 }
 
-void print_usage(const char *prog)
+static void print_usage(const char *prog)
 {
         printf("Usage: %s [-DsbdlHOLC3]\n", prog);
         puts("  -D --device   device to use (default /dev/spidev1.1)\n"
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ void print_usage(const char *prog)
         exit(1);
 }
 
-void parse_opts(int argc, char *argv[])
+static void parse_opts(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
         while (1) {
                 static const struct option lopts[] = {
diff --git a/Documentation/sysctl/fs.txt b/Documentation/sysctl/fs.txt
index 1458448436cc..62682500878a 100644
--- a/Documentation/sysctl/fs.txt
+++ b/Documentation/sysctl/fs.txt
@@ -96,13 +96,16 @@ handles that the Linux kernel will allocate. When you get lots
 of error messages about running out of file handles, you might
 want to increase this limit.
 
-The three values in file-nr denote the number of allocated
-file handles, the number of unused file handles and the maximum
-number of file handles. When the allocated file handles come
-close to the maximum, but the number of unused file handles is
-significantly greater than 0, you've encountered a peak in your 
-usage of file handles and you don't need to increase the maximum.
-
+Historically, the three values in file-nr denoted the number of
+allocated file handles, the number of allocated but unused file
+handles, and the maximum number of file handles. Linux 2.6 always
+reports 0 as the number of free file handles -- this is not an
+error, it just means that the number of allocated file handles
+exactly matches the number of used file handles.
+
+Attempts to allocate more file descriptors than file-max are
+reported with printk, look for "VFS: file-max limit <number>
+reached".
 ==============================================================
 
 nr_open:
diff --git a/Documentation/sysctl/kernel.txt b/Documentation/sysctl/kernel.txt
index 2dbff53369d0..a028b92001ed 100644
--- a/Documentation/sysctl/kernel.txt
+++ b/Documentation/sysctl/kernel.txt
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ show up in /proc/sys/kernel:
 - callhome                   [ S390 only ]
 - auto_msgmni
 - core_pattern
+- core_pipe_limit
 - core_uses_pid
 - ctrl-alt-del
 - dentry-state
@@ -135,6 +136,27 @@ core_pattern is used to specify a core dumpfile pattern name.
 
 ==============================================================
 
+core_pipe_limit:
+
+This sysctl is only applicable when core_pattern is configured to pipe core
+files to user space helper a (when the first character of core_pattern is a '|',
+see above).  When collecting cores via a pipe to an application, it is
+occasionally usefull for the collecting application to gather data about the
+crashing process from its /proc/pid directory.  In order to do this safely, the
+kernel must wait for the collecting process to exit, so as not to remove the
+crashing processes proc files prematurely.  This in turn creates the possibility
+that a misbehaving userspace collecting process can block the reaping of a
+crashed process simply by never exiting.  This sysctl defends against that.  It
+defines how many concurrent crashing processes may be piped to user space
+applications in parallel.  If this value is exceeded, then those crashing
+processes above that value are noted via the kernel log and their cores are
+skipped.  0 is a special value, indicating that unlimited processes may be
+captured in parallel, but that no waiting will take place (i.e. the collecting
+process is not guaranteed access to /proc/<crahing pid>/).  This value defaults
+to 0.
+
+==============================================================
+
 core_uses_pid:
 
 The default coredump filename is "core".  By setting
@@ -313,31 +335,43 @@ send before ratelimiting kicks in.
 
 ==============================================================
 
+printk_delay:
+
+Delay each printk message in printk_delay milliseconds
+
+Value from 0 - 10000 is allowed.
+
+==============================================================
+
 randomize-va-space:
 
 This option can be used to select the type of process address
 space randomization that is used in the system, for architectures
 that support this feature.
 
-0 - Turn the process address space randomization off by default.
+0 - Turn the process address space randomization off.  This is the
+    default for architectures that do not support this feature anyways,
+    and kernels that are booted with the "norandmaps" parameter.
 
 1 - Make the addresses of mmap base, stack and VDSO page randomized.
     This, among other things, implies that shared libraries will be
-    loaded to random addresses. Also for PIE-linked binaries, the location
-    of code start is randomized.
+    loaded to random addresses.  Also for PIE-linked binaries, the
+    location of code start is randomized.  This is the default if the
+    CONFIG_COMPAT_BRK option is enabled.
 
-    With heap randomization, the situation is a little bit more
-    complicated.
-    There a few legacy applications out there (such as some ancient
+2 - Additionally enable heap randomization.  This is the default if
+    CONFIG_COMPAT_BRK is disabled.
+
+    There are a few legacy applications out there (such as some ancient
     versions of libc.so.5 from 1996) that assume that brk area starts
-    just after the end of the code+bss. These applications break when
-    start of the brk area is randomized. There are however no known
+    just after the end of the code+bss.  These applications break when
+    start of the brk area is randomized.  There are however no known
     non-legacy applications that would be broken this way, so for most
-    systems it is safe to choose full randomization. However there is
-    a CONFIG_COMPAT_BRK option for systems with ancient and/or broken
-    binaries, that makes heap non-randomized, but keeps all other
-    parts of process address space randomized if randomize_va_space
-    sysctl is turned on.
+    systems it is safe to choose full randomization.
+
+    Systems with ancient and/or broken binaries should be configured
+    with CONFIG_COMPAT_BRK enabled, which excludes the heap from process
+    address space randomization.
 
 ==============================================================
 
diff --git a/Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt b/Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt
index c4de6359d440..a6e360d2055c 100644
--- a/Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt
+++ b/Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt
@@ -32,6 +32,8 @@ Currently, these files are in /proc/sys/vm:
 - legacy_va_layout
 - lowmem_reserve_ratio
 - max_map_count
+- memory_failure_early_kill
+- memory_failure_recovery
 - min_free_kbytes
 - min_slab_ratio
 - min_unmapped_ratio
@@ -53,7 +55,6 @@ Currently, these files are in /proc/sys/vm:
 - vfs_cache_pressure
 - zone_reclaim_mode
 
-
 ==============================================================
 
 block_dump
@@ -275,6 +276,44 @@ e.g., up to one or two maps per allocation.
 
 The default value is 65536.
 
+=============================================================
+
+memory_failure_early_kill:
+
+Control how to kill processes when uncorrected memory error (typically
+a 2bit error in a memory module) is detected in the background by hardware
+that cannot be handled by the kernel. In some cases (like the page
+still having a valid copy on disk) the kernel will handle the failure
+transparently without affecting any applications. But if there is
+no other uptodate copy of the data it will kill to prevent any data
+corruptions from propagating.
+
+1: Kill all processes that have the corrupted and not reloadable page mapped
+as soon as the corruption is detected.  Note this is not supported
+for a few types of pages, like kernel internally allocated data or
+the swap cache, but works for the majority of user pages.
+
+0: Only unmap the corrupted page from all processes and only kill a process
+who tries to access it.
+
+The kill is done using a catchable SIGBUS with BUS_MCEERR_AO, so processes can
+handle this if they want to.
+
+This is only active on architectures/platforms with advanced machine
+check handling and depends on the hardware capabilities.
+
+Applications can override this setting individually with the PR_MCE_KILL prctl
+
+==============================================================
+
+memory_failure_recovery
+
+Enable memory failure recovery (when supported by the platform)
+
+1: Attempt recovery.
+
+0: Always panic on a memory failure.
+
 ==============================================================
 
 min_free_kbytes:
@@ -585,7 +624,9 @@ caching of directory and inode objects.
 At the default value of vfs_cache_pressure=100 the kernel will attempt to
 reclaim dentries and inodes at a "fair" rate with respect to pagecache and
 swapcache reclaim.  Decreasing vfs_cache_pressure causes the kernel to prefer
-to retain dentry and inode caches.  Increasing vfs_cache_pressure beyond 100
+to retain dentry and inode caches. When vfs_cache_pressure=0, the kernel will
+never reclaim dentries and inodes due to memory pressure and this can easily
+lead to out-of-memory conditions. Increasing vfs_cache_pressure beyond 100
 causes the kernel to prefer to reclaim dentries and inodes.
 
 ==============================================================
diff --git a/Documentation/trace/events-kmem.txt b/Documentation/trace/events-kmem.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..6ef2a8652e17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/trace/events-kmem.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+                        Subsystem Trace Points: kmem
+
+The tracing system kmem captures events related to object and page allocation
+within the kernel. Broadly speaking there are four major subheadings.
+
+  o Slab allocation of small objects of unknown type (kmalloc)
+  o Slab allocation of small objects of known type
+  o Page allocation
+  o Per-CPU Allocator Activity
+  o External Fragmentation
+
+This document will describe what each of the tracepoints are and why they
+might be useful.
+
+1. Slab allocation of small objects of unknown type
+===================================================
+kmalloc         call_site=%lx ptr=%p bytes_req=%zu bytes_alloc=%zu gfp_flags=%s
+kmalloc_node    call_site=%lx ptr=%p bytes_req=%zu bytes_alloc=%zu gfp_flags=%s node=%d
+kfree           call_site=%lx ptr=%p
+
+Heavy activity for these events may indicate that a specific cache is
+justified, particularly if kmalloc slab pages are getting significantly
+internal fragmented as a result of the allocation pattern. By correlating
+kmalloc with kfree, it may be possible to identify memory leaks and where
+the allocation sites were.
+
+
+2. Slab allocation of small objects of known type
+=================================================
+kmem_cache_alloc        call_site=%lx ptr=%p bytes_req=%zu bytes_alloc=%zu gfp_flags=%s
+kmem_cache_alloc_node   call_site=%lx ptr=%p bytes_req=%zu bytes_alloc=%zu gfp_flags=%s node=%d
+kmem_cache_free         call_site=%lx ptr=%p
+
+These events are similar in usage to the kmalloc-related events except that
+it is likely easier to pin the event down to a specific cache. At the time
+of writing, no information is available on what slab is being allocated from,
+but the call_site can usually be used to extrapolate that information
+
+3. Page allocation
+==================
+mm_page_alloc             page=%p pfn=%lu order=%d migratetype=%d gfp_flags=%s
+mm_page_alloc_zone_locked page=%p pfn=%lu order=%u migratetype=%d cpu=%d percpu_refill=%d
+mm_page_free_direct       page=%p pfn=%lu order=%d
+mm_pagevec_free           page=%p pfn=%lu order=%d cold=%d
+
+These four events deal with page allocation and freeing. mm_page_alloc is
+a simple indicator of page allocator activity. Pages may be allocated from
+the per-CPU allocator (high performance) or the buddy allocator.
+
+If pages are allocated directly from the buddy allocator, the
+mm_page_alloc_zone_locked event is triggered. This event is important as high
+amounts of activity imply high activity on the zone->lock. Taking this lock
+impairs performance by disabling interrupts, dirtying cache lines between
+CPUs and serialising many CPUs.
+
+When a page is freed directly by the caller, the mm_page_free_direct event
+is triggered. Significant amounts of activity here could indicate that the
+callers should be batching their activities.
+
+When pages are freed using a pagevec, the mm_pagevec_free is
+triggered. Broadly speaking, pages are taken off the LRU lock in bulk and
+freed in batch with a pagevec. Significant amounts of activity here could
+indicate that the system is under memory pressure and can also indicate
+contention on the zone->lru_lock.
+
+4. Per-CPU Allocator Activity
+=============================
+mm_page_alloc_zone_locked       page=%p pfn=%lu order=%u migratetype=%d cpu=%d percpu_refill=%d
+mm_page_pcpu_drain              page=%p pfn=%lu order=%d cpu=%d migratetype=%d
+
+In front of the page allocator is a per-cpu page allocator. It exists only
+for order-0 pages, reduces contention on the zone->lock and reduces the
+amount of writing on struct page.
+
+When a per-CPU list is empty or pages of the wrong type are allocated,
+the zone->lock will be taken once and the per-CPU list refilled. The event
+triggered is mm_page_alloc_zone_locked for each page allocated with the
+event indicating whether it is for a percpu_refill or not.
+
+When the per-CPU list is too full, a number of pages are freed, each one
+which triggers a mm_page_pcpu_drain event.
+
+The individual nature of the events are so that pages can be tracked
+between allocation and freeing. A number of drain or refill pages that occur
+consecutively imply the zone->lock being taken once. Large amounts of PCP
+refills and drains could imply an imbalance between CPUs where too much work
+is being concentrated in one place. It could also indicate that the per-CPU
+lists should be a larger size. Finally, large amounts of refills on one CPU
+and drains on another could be a factor in causing large amounts of cache
+line bounces due to writes between CPUs and worth investigating if pages
+can be allocated and freed on the same CPU through some algorithm change.
+
+5. External Fragmentation
+=========================
+mm_page_alloc_extfrag           page=%p pfn=%lu alloc_order=%d fallback_order=%d pageblock_order=%d alloc_migratetype=%d fallback_migratetype=%d fragmenting=%d change_ownership=%d
+
+External fragmentation affects whether a high-order allocation will be
+successful or not. For some types of hardware, this is important although
+it is avoided where possible. If the system is using huge pages and needs
+to be able to resize the pool over the lifetime of the system, this value
+is important.
+
+Large numbers of this event implies that memory is fragmenting and
+high-order allocations will start failing at some time in the future. One
+means of reducing the occurange of this event is to increase the size of
+min_free_kbytes in increments of 3*pageblock_size*nr_online_nodes where
+pageblock_size is usually the size of the default hugepage size.
diff --git a/Documentation/trace/events.txt b/Documentation/trace/events.txt
index 78c45a87be57..02ac6ed38b2d 100644
--- a/Documentation/trace/events.txt
+++ b/Documentation/trace/events.txt
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ To enable all events in sched subsystem:
 
         # echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/sched/enable
 
-To eanble all events:
+To enable all events:
 
         # echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/enable
 
diff --git a/Documentation/trace/ftrace.txt b/Documentation/trace/ftrace.txt
index 1b6292bbdd6d..957b22fde2df 100644
--- a/Documentation/trace/ftrace.txt
+++ b/Documentation/trace/ftrace.txt
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ of ftrace. Here is a list of some of the key files:
         than requested, the rest of the page will be used,
         making the actual allocation bigger than requested.
         ( Note, the size may not be a multiple of the page size
-          due to buffer managment overhead. )
+          due to buffer management overhead. )
 
         This can only be updated when the current_tracer
         is set to "nop".
diff --git a/Documentation/trace/postprocess/trace-pagealloc-postprocess.pl b/Documentation/trace/postprocess/trace-pagealloc-postprocess.pl
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..7df50e8cf4d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/trace/postprocess/trace-pagealloc-postprocess.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,418 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+# This is a POC (proof of concept or piece of crap, take your pick) for reading the
+# text representation of trace output related to page allocation. It makes an attempt
+# to extract some high-level information on what is going on. The accuracy of the parser
+# may vary considerably
+#
+# Example usage: trace-pagealloc-postprocess.pl < /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/trace_pipe
+# other options
+#   --prepend-parent    Report on the parent proc and PID
+#   --read-procstat     If the trace lacks process info, get it from /proc
+#   --ignore-pid        Aggregate processes of the same name together
+#
+# Copyright (c) IBM Corporation 2009
+# Author: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
+use strict;
+use Getopt::Long;
+
+# Tracepoint events
+use constant MM_PAGE_ALLOC              => 1;
+use constant MM_PAGE_FREE_DIRECT        => 2;
+use constant MM_PAGEVEC_FREE            => 3;
+use constant MM_PAGE_PCPU_DRAIN         => 4;
+use constant MM_PAGE_ALLOC_ZONE_LOCKED  => 5;
+use constant MM_PAGE_ALLOC_EXTFRAG      => 6;
+use constant EVENT_UNKNOWN              => 7;
+
+# Constants used to track state
+use constant STATE_PCPU_PAGES_DRAINED   => 8;
+use constant STATE_PCPU_PAGES_REFILLED  => 9;
+
+# High-level events extrapolated from tracepoints
+use constant HIGH_PCPU_DRAINS           => 10;
+use constant HIGH_PCPU_REFILLS          => 11;
+use constant HIGH_EXT_FRAGMENT          => 12;
+use constant HIGH_EXT_FRAGMENT_SEVERE   => 13;
+use constant HIGH_EXT_FRAGMENT_MODERATE => 14;
+use constant HIGH_EXT_FRAGMENT_CHANGED  => 15;
+
+my %perprocesspid;
+my %perprocess;
+my $opt_ignorepid;
+my $opt_read_procstat;
+my $opt_prepend_parent;
+
+# Catch sigint and exit on request
+my $sigint_report = 0;
+my $sigint_exit = 0;
+my $sigint_pending = 0;
+my $sigint_received = 0;
+sub sigint_handler {
+        my $current_time = time;
+        if ($current_time - 2 > $sigint_received) {
+                print "SIGINT received, report pending. Hit ctrl-c again to exit\n";
+                $sigint_report = 1;
+        } else {
+                if (!$sigint_exit) {
+                        print "Second SIGINT received quickly, exiting\n";
+                }
+                $sigint_exit++;
+        }
+
+        if ($sigint_exit > 3) {
+                print "Many SIGINTs received, exiting now without report\n";
+                exit;
+        }
+
+        $sigint_received = $current_time;
+        $sigint_pending = 1;
+}
+$SIG{INT} = "sigint_handler";
+
+# Parse command line options
+GetOptions(
+        'ignore-pid'     =>     \$opt_ignorepid,
+        'read-procstat'  =>     \$opt_read_procstat,
+        'prepend-parent' =>     \$opt_prepend_parent,
+);
+
+# Defaults for dynamically discovered regex's
+my $regex_fragdetails_default = 'page=([0-9a-f]*) pfn=([0-9]*) alloc_order=([-0-9]*) fallback_order=([-0-9]*) pageblock_order=([-0-9]*) alloc_migratetype=([-0-9]*) fallback_migratetype=([-0-9]*) fragmenting=([-0-9]) change_ownership=([-0-9])';
+
+# Dyanically discovered regex
+my $regex_fragdetails;
+
+# Static regex used. Specified like this for readability and for use with /o
+#                      (process_pid)     (cpus      )   ( time  )   (tpoint    ) (details)
+my $regex_traceevent = '\s*([a-zA-Z0-9-]*)\s*(\[[0-9]*\])\s*([0-9.]*):\s*([a-zA-Z_]*):\s*(.*)';
+my $regex_statname = '[-0-9]*\s\((.*)\).*';
+my $regex_statppid = '[-0-9]*\s\(.*\)\s[A-Za-z]\s([0-9]*).*';
+
+sub generate_traceevent_regex {
+        my $event = shift;
+        my $default = shift;
+        my $regex;
+
+        # Read the event format or use the default
+        if (!open (FORMAT, "/sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/$event/format")) {
+                $regex = $default;
+        } else {
+                my $line;
+                while (!eof(FORMAT)) {
+                        $line = <FORMAT>;
+                        if ($line =~ /^print fmt:\s"(.*)",.*/) {
+                                $regex = $1;
+                                $regex =~ s/%p/\([0-9a-f]*\)/g;
+                                $regex =~ s/%d/\([-0-9]*\)/g;
+                                $regex =~ s/%lu/\([0-9]*\)/g;
+                        }
+                }
+        }
+
+        # Verify fields are in the right order
+        my $tuple;
+        foreach $tuple (split /\s/, $regex) {
+                my ($key, $value) = split(/=/, $tuple);
+                my $expected = shift;
+                if ($key ne $expected) {
+                        print("WARNING: Format not as expected '$key' != '$expected'");
+                        $regex =~ s/$key=\((.*)\)/$key=$1/;
+                }
+        }
+
+        if (defined shift) {
+                die("Fewer fields than expected in format");
+        }
+
+        return $regex;
+}
+$regex_fragdetails = generate_traceevent_regex("kmem/mm_page_alloc_extfrag",
+                        $regex_fragdetails_default,
+                        "page", "pfn",
+                        "alloc_order", "fallback_order", "pageblock_order",
+                        "alloc_migratetype", "fallback_migratetype",
+                        "fragmenting", "change_ownership");
+
+sub read_statline($) {
+        my $pid = $_[0];
+        my $statline;
+
+        if (open(STAT, "/proc/$pid/stat")) {
+                $statline = <STAT>;
+                close(STAT);
+        }
+
+        if ($statline eq '') {
+                $statline = "-1 (UNKNOWN_PROCESS_NAME) R 0";
+        }
+
+        return $statline;
+}
+
+sub guess_process_pid($$) {
+        my $pid = $_[0];
+        my $statline = $_[1];
+
+        if ($pid == 0) {
+                return "swapper-0";
+        }
+
+        if ($statline !~ /$regex_statname/o) {
+                die("Failed to math stat line for process name :: $statline");
+        }
+        return "$1-$pid";
+}
+
+sub parent_info($$) {
+        my $pid = $_[0];
+        my $statline = $_[1];
+        my $ppid;
+
+        if ($pid == 0) {
+                return "NOPARENT-0";
+        }
+
+        if ($statline !~ /$regex_statppid/o) {
+                die("Failed to match stat line process ppid:: $statline");
+        }
+
+        # Read the ppid stat line
+        $ppid = $1;
+        return guess_process_pid($ppid, read_statline($ppid));
+}
+
+sub process_events {
+        my $traceevent;
+        my $process_pid;
+        my $cpus;
+        my $timestamp;
+        my $tracepoint;
+        my $details;
+        my $statline;
+
+        # Read each line of the event log
+EVENT_PROCESS:
+        while ($traceevent = <STDIN>) {
+                if ($traceevent =~ /$regex_traceevent/o) {
+                        $process_pid = $1;
+                        $tracepoint = $4;
+
+                        if ($opt_read_procstat || $opt_prepend_parent) {
+                                $process_pid =~ /(.*)-([0-9]*)$/;
+                                my $process = $1;
+                                my $pid = $2;
+
+                                $statline = read_statline($pid);
+
+                                if ($opt_read_procstat && $process eq '') {
+                                        $process_pid = guess_process_pid($pid, $statline);
+                                }
+
+                                if ($opt_prepend_parent) {
+                                        $process_pid = parent_info($pid, $statline) . " :: $process_pid";
+                                }
+                        }
+
+                        # Unnecessary in this script. Uncomment if required
+                        # $cpus = $2;
+                        # $timestamp = $3;
+                } else {
+                        next;
+                }
+
+                # Perl Switch() sucks majorly
+                if ($tracepoint eq "mm_page_alloc") {
+                        $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{MM_PAGE_ALLOC}++;
+                } elsif ($tracepoint eq "mm_page_free_direct") {
+                        $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{MM_PAGE_FREE_DIRECT}++;
+                } elsif ($tracepoint eq "mm_pagevec_free") {
+                        $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{MM_PAGEVEC_FREE}++;
+                } elsif ($tracepoint eq "mm_page_pcpu_drain") {
+                        $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{MM_PAGE_PCPU_DRAIN}++;
+                        $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{STATE_PCPU_PAGES_DRAINED}++;
+                } elsif ($tracepoint eq "mm_page_alloc_zone_locked") {
+                        $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{MM_PAGE_ALLOC_ZONE_LOCKED}++;
+                        $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{STATE_PCPU_PAGES_REFILLED}++;
+                } elsif ($tracepoint eq "mm_page_alloc_extfrag") {
+
+                        # Extract the details of the event now
+                        $details = $5;
+
+                        my ($page, $pfn);
+                        my ($alloc_order, $fallback_order, $pageblock_order);
+                        my ($alloc_migratetype, $fallback_migratetype);
+                        my ($fragmenting, $change_ownership);
+
+                        if ($details !~ /$regex_fragdetails/o) {
+                                print "WARNING: Failed to parse mm_page_alloc_extfrag as expected\n";
+                                next;
+                        }
+
+                        $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{MM_PAGE_ALLOC_EXTFRAG}++;
+                        $page = $1;
+                        $pfn = $2;
+                        $alloc_order = $3;
+                        $fallback_order = $4;
+                        $pageblock_order = $5;
+                        $alloc_migratetype = $6;
+                        $fallback_migratetype = $7;
+                        $fragmenting = $8;
+                        $change_ownership = $9;
+
+                        if ($fragmenting) {
+                                $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{HIGH_EXT_FRAG}++;
+                                if ($fallback_order <= 3) {
+                                        $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{HIGH_EXT_FRAGMENT_SEVERE}++;
+                                } else {
+                                        $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{HIGH_EXT_FRAGMENT_MODERATE}++;
+                                }
+                        }
+                        if ($change_ownership) {
+                                $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{HIGH_EXT_FRAGMENT_CHANGED}++;
+                        }
+                } else {
+                        $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{EVENT_UNKNOWN}++;
+                }
+
+                # Catch a full pcpu drain event
+                if ($perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{STATE_PCPU_PAGES_DRAINED} &&
+                                $tracepoint ne "mm_page_pcpu_drain") {
+
+                        $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{HIGH_PCPU_DRAINS}++;
+                        $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{STATE_PCPU_PAGES_DRAINED} = 0;
+                }
+
+                # Catch a full pcpu refill event
+                if ($perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{STATE_PCPU_PAGES_REFILLED} &&
+                                $tracepoint ne "mm_page_alloc_zone_locked") {
+                        $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{HIGH_PCPU_REFILLS}++;
+                        $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{STATE_PCPU_PAGES_REFILLED} = 0;
+                }
+
+                if ($sigint_pending) {
+                        last EVENT_PROCESS;
+                }
+        }
+}
+
+sub dump_stats {
+        my $hashref = shift;
+        my %stats = %$hashref;
+
+        # Dump per-process stats
+        my $process_pid;
+        my $max_strlen = 0;
+
+        # Get the maximum process name
+        foreach $process_pid (keys %perprocesspid) {
+                my $len = length($process_pid);
+                if ($len > $max_strlen) {
+                        $max_strlen = $len;
+                }
+        }
+        $max_strlen += 2;
+
+        printf("\n");
+        printf("%-" . $max_strlen . "s %8s %10s   %8s %8s   %8s %8s %8s   %8s %8s %8s %8s %8s %8s\n",
+                "Process", "Pages",  "Pages",      "Pages", "Pages", "PCPU",  "PCPU",   "PCPU",    "Fragment",  "Fragment", "MigType", "Fragment", "Fragment", "Unknown");
+        printf("%-" . $max_strlen . "s %8s %10s   %8s %8s   %8s %8s %8s   %8s %8s %8s %8s %8s %8s\n",
+                "details", "allocd", "allocd",     "freed", "freed", "pages", "drains", "refills", "Fallback", "Causing",   "Changed", "Severe", "Moderate", "");
+
+        printf("%-" . $max_strlen . "s %8s %10s   %8s %8s   %8s %8s %8s   %8s %8s %8s %8s %8s %8s\n",
+                "",        "",       "under lock", "direct", "pagevec", "drain", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "");
+
+        foreach $process_pid (keys %stats) {
+                # Dump final aggregates
+                if ($stats{$process_pid}->{STATE_PCPU_PAGES_DRAINED}) {
+                        $stats{$process_pid}->{HIGH_PCPU_DRAINS}++;
+                        $stats{$process_pid}->{STATE_PCPU_PAGES_DRAINED} = 0;
+                }
+                if ($stats{$process_pid}->{STATE_PCPU_PAGES_REFILLED}) {
+                        $stats{$process_pid}->{HIGH_PCPU_REFILLS}++;
+                        $stats{$process_pid}->{STATE_PCPU_PAGES_REFILLED} = 0;
+                }
+
+                printf("%-" . $max_strlen . "s %8d %10d   %8d %8d   %8d %8d %8d   %8d %8d %8d %8d %8d %8d\n",
+                        $process_pid,
+                        $stats{$process_pid}->{MM_PAGE_ALLOC},
+                        $stats{$process_pid}->{MM_PAGE_ALLOC_ZONE_LOCKED},
+                        $stats{$process_pid}->{MM_PAGE_FREE_DIRECT},
+                        $stats{$process_pid}->{MM_PAGEVEC_FREE},
+                        $stats{$process_pid}->{MM_PAGE_PCPU_DRAIN},
+                        $stats{$process_pid}->{HIGH_PCPU_DRAINS},
+                        $stats{$process_pid}->{HIGH_PCPU_REFILLS},
+                        $stats{$process_pid}->{MM_PAGE_ALLOC_EXTFRAG},
+                        $stats{$process_pid}->{HIGH_EXT_FRAG},
+                        $stats{$process_pid}->{HIGH_EXT_FRAGMENT_CHANGED},
+                        $stats{$process_pid}->{HIGH_EXT_FRAGMENT_SEVERE},
+                        $stats{$process_pid}->{HIGH_EXT_FRAGMENT_MODERATE},
+                        $stats{$process_pid}->{EVENT_UNKNOWN});
+        }
+}
+
+sub aggregate_perprocesspid() {
+        my $process_pid;
+        my $process;
+        undef %perprocess;
+
+        foreach $process_pid (keys %perprocesspid) {
+                $process = $process_pid;
+                $process =~ s/-([0-9])*$//;
+                if ($process eq '') {
+                        $process = "NO_PROCESS_NAME";
+                }
+
+                $perprocess{$process}->{MM_PAGE_ALLOC} += $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{MM_PAGE_ALLOC};
+                $perprocess{$process}->{MM_PAGE_ALLOC_ZONE_LOCKED} += $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{MM_PAGE_ALLOC_ZONE_LOCKED};
+                $perprocess{$process}->{MM_PAGE_FREE_DIRECT} += $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{MM_PAGE_FREE_DIRECT};
+                $perprocess{$process}->{MM_PAGEVEC_FREE} += $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{MM_PAGEVEC_FREE};
+                $perprocess{$process}->{MM_PAGE_PCPU_DRAIN} += $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{MM_PAGE_PCPU_DRAIN};
+                $perprocess{$process}->{HIGH_PCPU_DRAINS} += $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{HIGH_PCPU_DRAINS};
+                $perprocess{$process}->{HIGH_PCPU_REFILLS} += $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{HIGH_PCPU_REFILLS};
+                $perprocess{$process}->{MM_PAGE_ALLOC_EXTFRAG} += $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{MM_PAGE_ALLOC_EXTFRAG};
+                $perprocess{$process}->{HIGH_EXT_FRAG} += $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{HIGH_EXT_FRAG};
+                $perprocess{$process}->{HIGH_EXT_FRAGMENT_CHANGED} += $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{HIGH_EXT_FRAGMENT_CHANGED};
+                $perprocess{$process}->{HIGH_EXT_FRAGMENT_SEVERE} += $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{HIGH_EXT_FRAGMENT_SEVERE};
+                $perprocess{$process}->{HIGH_EXT_FRAGMENT_MODERATE} += $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{HIGH_EXT_FRAGMENT_MODERATE};
+                $perprocess{$process}->{EVENT_UNKNOWN} += $perprocesspid{$process_pid}->{EVENT_UNKNOWN};
+        }
+}
+
+sub report() {
+        if (!$opt_ignorepid) {
+                dump_stats(\%perprocesspid);
+        } else {
+                aggregate_perprocesspid();
+                dump_stats(\%perprocess);
+        }
+}
+
+# Process events or signals until neither is available
+sub signal_loop() {
+        my $sigint_processed;
+        do {
+                $sigint_processed = 0;
+                process_events();
+
+                # Handle pending signals if any
+                if ($sigint_pending) {
+                        my $current_time = time;
+
+                        if ($sigint_exit) {
+                                print "Received exit signal\n";
+                                $sigint_pending = 0;
+                        }
+                        if ($sigint_report) {
+                                if ($current_time >= $sigint_received + 2) {
+                                        report();
+                                        $sigint_report = 0;
+                                        $sigint_pending = 0;
+                                        $sigint_processed = 1;
+                                }
+                        }
+                }
+        } while ($sigint_pending || $sigint_processed);
+}
+
+signal_loop();
+report();
diff --git a/Documentation/trace/power.txt b/Documentation/trace/power.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index cd805e16dc27..000000000000
--- a/Documentation/trace/power.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-The power tracer collects detailed information about C-state and P-state
-transitions, instead of just looking at the high-level "average"
-information.
-
-There is a helper script found in scrips/tracing/power.pl in the kernel
-sources which can be used to parse this information and create a
-Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) picture from the trace data.
-
-To use this tracer:
-
-        echo 0 > /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/tracing_enabled
-        echo power > /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/current_tracer
-        echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/tracing_enabled
-        sleep 1
-        echo 0 > /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/tracing_enabled
-        cat /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/trace | \
-                perl scripts/tracing/power.pl > out.sv
diff --git a/Documentation/trace/tracepoint-analysis.txt b/Documentation/trace/tracepoint-analysis.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..5eb4e487e667
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/trace/tracepoint-analysis.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,327 @@
+                Notes on Analysing Behaviour Using Events and Tracepoints
+
+                        Documentation written by Mel Gorman
+                PCL information heavily based on email from Ingo Molnar
+
+1. Introduction
+===============
+
+Tracepoints (see Documentation/trace/tracepoints.txt) can be used without
+creating custom kernel modules to register probe functions using the event
+tracing infrastructure.
+
+Simplistically, tracepoints will represent an important event that when can
+be taken in conjunction with other tracepoints to build a "Big Picture" of
+what is going on within the system. There are a large number of methods for
+gathering and interpreting these events. Lacking any current Best Practises,
+this document describes some of the methods that can be used.
+
+This document assumes that debugfs is mounted on /sys/kernel/debug and that
+the appropriate tracing options have been configured into the kernel. It is
+assumed that the PCL tool tools/perf has been installed and is in your path.
+
+2. Listing Available Events
+===========================
+
+2.1 Standard Utilities
+----------------------
+
+All possible events are visible from /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events. Simply
+calling
+
+  $ find /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events -type d
+
+will give a fair indication of the number of events available.
+
+2.2 PCL
+-------
+
+Discovery and enumeration of all counters and events, including tracepoints
+are available with the perf tool. Getting a list of available events is a
+simple case of
+
+  $ perf list 2>&1 | grep Tracepoint
+  ext4:ext4_free_inode                     [Tracepoint event]
+  ext4:ext4_request_inode                  [Tracepoint event]
+  ext4:ext4_allocate_inode                 [Tracepoint event]
+  ext4:ext4_write_begin                    [Tracepoint event]
+  ext4:ext4_ordered_write_end              [Tracepoint event]
+  [ .... remaining output snipped .... ]
+
+
+2. Enabling Events
+==================
+
+2.1 System-Wide Event Enabling
+------------------------------
+
+See Documentation/trace/events.txt for a proper description on how events
+can be enabled system-wide. A short example of enabling all events related
+to page allocation would look something like
+
+  $ for i in `find /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events -name "enable" | grep mm_`; do echo 1 > $i; done
+
+2.2 System-Wide Event Enabling with SystemTap
+---------------------------------------------
+
+In SystemTap, tracepoints are accessible using the kernel.trace() function
+call. The following is an example that reports every 5 seconds what processes
+were allocating the pages.
+
+  global page_allocs
+
+  probe kernel.trace("mm_page_alloc") {
+        page_allocs[execname()]++
+  }
+
+  function print_count() {
+        printf ("%-25s %-s\n", "#Pages Allocated", "Process Name")
+        foreach (proc in page_allocs-)
+                printf("%-25d %s\n", page_allocs[proc], proc)
+        printf ("\n")
+        delete page_allocs
+  }
+
+  probe timer.s(5) {
+          print_count()
+  }
+
+2.3 System-Wide Event Enabling with PCL
+---------------------------------------
+
+By specifying the -a switch and analysing sleep, the system-wide events
+for a duration of time can be examined.
+
+ $ perf stat -a \
+        -e kmem:mm_page_alloc -e kmem:mm_page_free_direct \
+        -e kmem:mm_pagevec_free \
+        sleep 10
+ Performance counter stats for 'sleep 10':
+
+           9630  kmem:mm_page_alloc
+           2143  kmem:mm_page_free_direct
+           7424  kmem:mm_pagevec_free
+
+   10.002577764  seconds time elapsed
+
+Similarly, one could execute a shell and exit it as desired to get a report
+at that point.
+
+2.4 Local Event Enabling
+------------------------
+
+Documentation/trace/ftrace.txt describes how to enable events on a per-thread
+basis using set_ftrace_pid.
+
+2.5 Local Event Enablement with PCL
+-----------------------------------
+
+Events can be activate and tracked for the duration of a process on a local
+basis using PCL such as follows.
+
+  $ perf stat -e kmem:mm_page_alloc -e kmem:mm_page_free_direct \
+                 -e kmem:mm_pagevec_free ./hackbench 10
+  Time: 0.909
+
+    Performance counter stats for './hackbench 10':
+
+          17803  kmem:mm_page_alloc
+          12398  kmem:mm_page_free_direct
+           4827  kmem:mm_pagevec_free
+
+    0.973913387  seconds time elapsed
+
+3. Event Filtering
+==================
+
+Documentation/trace/ftrace.txt covers in-depth how to filter events in
+ftrace.  Obviously using grep and awk of trace_pipe is an option as well
+as any script reading trace_pipe.
+
+4. Analysing Event Variances with PCL
+=====================================
+
+Any workload can exhibit variances between runs and it can be important
+to know what the standard deviation in. By and large, this is left to the
+performance analyst to do it by hand. In the event that the discrete event
+occurrences are useful to the performance analyst, then perf can be used.
+
+  $ perf stat --repeat 5 -e kmem:mm_page_alloc -e kmem:mm_page_free_direct
+                        -e kmem:mm_pagevec_free ./hackbench 10
+  Time: 0.890
+  Time: 0.895
+  Time: 0.915
+  Time: 1.001
+  Time: 0.899
+
+   Performance counter stats for './hackbench 10' (5 runs):
+
+          16630  kmem:mm_page_alloc         ( +-   3.542% )
+          11486  kmem:mm_page_free_direct   ( +-   4.771% )
+           4730  kmem:mm_pagevec_free       ( +-   2.325% )
+
+    0.982653002  seconds time elapsed   ( +-   1.448% )
+
+In the event that some higher-level event is required that depends on some
+aggregation of discrete events, then a script would need to be developed.
+
+Using --repeat, it is also possible to view how events are fluctuating over
+time on a system wide basis using -a and sleep.
+
+  $ perf stat -e kmem:mm_page_alloc -e kmem:mm_page_free_direct \
+                -e kmem:mm_pagevec_free \
+                -a --repeat 10 \
+                sleep 1
+  Performance counter stats for 'sleep 1' (10 runs):
+
+           1066  kmem:mm_page_alloc         ( +-  26.148% )
+            182  kmem:mm_page_free_direct   ( +-   5.464% )
+            890  kmem:mm_pagevec_free       ( +-  30.079% )
+
+    1.002251757  seconds time elapsed   ( +-   0.005% )
+
+5. Higher-Level Analysis with Helper Scripts
+============================================
+
+When events are enabled the events that are triggering can be read from
+/sys/kernel/debug/tracing/trace_pipe in human-readable format although binary
+options exist as well. By post-processing the output, further information can
+be gathered on-line as appropriate. Examples of post-processing might include
+
+  o Reading information from /proc for the PID that triggered the event
+  o Deriving a higher-level event from a series of lower-level events.
+  o Calculate latencies between two events
+
+Documentation/trace/postprocess/trace-pagealloc-postprocess.pl is an example
+script that can read trace_pipe from STDIN or a copy of a trace. When used
+on-line, it can be interrupted once to generate a report without existing
+and twice to exit.
+
+Simplistically, the script just reads STDIN and counts up events but it
+also can do more such as
+
+  o Derive high-level events from many low-level events. If a number of pages
+    are freed to the main allocator from the per-CPU lists, it recognises
+    that as one per-CPU drain even though there is no specific tracepoint
+    for that event
+  o It can aggregate based on PID or individual process number
+  o In the event memory is getting externally fragmented, it reports
+    on whether the fragmentation event was severe or moderate.
+  o When receiving an event about a PID, it can record who the parent was so
+    that if large numbers of events are coming from very short-lived
+    processes, the parent process responsible for creating all the helpers
+    can be identified
+
+6. Lower-Level Analysis with PCL
+================================
+
+There may also be a requirement to identify what functions with a program
+were generating events within the kernel. To begin this sort of analysis, the
+data must be recorded. At the time of writing, this required root
+
+  $ perf record -c 1 \
+        -e kmem:mm_page_alloc -e kmem:mm_page_free_direct \
+        -e kmem:mm_pagevec_free \
+        ./hackbench 10
+  Time: 0.894
+  [ perf record: Captured and wrote 0.733 MB perf.data (~32010 samples) ]
+
+Note the use of '-c 1' to set the event period to sample. The default sample
+period is quite high to minimise overhead but the information collected can be
+very coarse as a result.
+
+This record outputted a file called perf.data which can be analysed using
+perf report.
+
+  $ perf report
+  # Samples: 30922
+  #
+  # Overhead    Command                     Shared Object
+  # ........  .........  ................................
+  #
+      87.27%  hackbench  [vdso]
+       6.85%  hackbench  /lib/i686/cmov/libc-2.9.so
+       2.62%  hackbench  /lib/ld-2.9.so
+       1.52%       perf  [vdso]
+       1.22%  hackbench  ./hackbench
+       0.48%  hackbench  [kernel]
+       0.02%       perf  /lib/i686/cmov/libc-2.9.so
+       0.01%       perf  /usr/bin/perf
+       0.01%       perf  /lib/ld-2.9.so
+       0.00%  hackbench  /lib/i686/cmov/libpthread-2.9.so
+  #
+  # (For more details, try: perf report --sort comm,dso,symbol)
+  #
+
+According to this, the vast majority of events occured triggered on events
+within the VDSO. With simple binaries, this will often be the case so lets
+take a slightly different example. In the course of writing this, it was
+noticed that X was generating an insane amount of page allocations so lets look
+at it
+
+  $ perf record -c 1 -f \
+                -e kmem:mm_page_alloc -e kmem:mm_page_free_direct \
+                -e kmem:mm_pagevec_free \
+                -p `pidof X`
+
+This was interrupted after a few seconds and
+
+  $ perf report
+  # Samples: 27666
+  #
+  # Overhead  Command                            Shared Object
+  # ........  .......  .......................................
+  #
+      51.95%     Xorg  [vdso]
+      47.95%     Xorg  /opt/gfx-test/lib/libpixman-1.so.0.13.1
+       0.09%     Xorg  /lib/i686/cmov/libc-2.9.so
+       0.01%     Xorg  [kernel]
+  #
+  # (For more details, try: perf report --sort comm,dso,symbol)
+  #
+
+So, almost half of the events are occuring in a library. To get an idea which
+symbol.
+
+  $ perf report --sort comm,dso,symbol
+  # Samples: 27666
+  #
+  # Overhead  Command                            Shared Object  Symbol
+  # ........  .......  .......................................  ......
+  #
+      51.95%     Xorg  [vdso]                                   [.] 0x000000ffffe424
+      47.93%     Xorg  /opt/gfx-test/lib/libpixman-1.so.0.13.1  [.] pixmanFillsse2
+       0.09%     Xorg  /lib/i686/cmov/libc-2.9.so               [.] _int_malloc
+       0.01%     Xorg  /opt/gfx-test/lib/libpixman-1.so.0.13.1  [.] pixman_region32_copy_f
+       0.01%     Xorg  [kernel]                                 [k] read_hpet
+       0.01%     Xorg  /opt/gfx-test/lib/libpixman-1.so.0.13.1  [.] get_fast_path
+       0.00%     Xorg  [kernel]                                 [k] ftrace_trace_userstack
+
+To see where within the function pixmanFillsse2 things are going wrong
+
+  $ perf annotate pixmanFillsse2
+  [ ... ]
+    0.00 :         34eeb:       0f 18 08                prefetcht0 (%eax)
+         :      }
+         :
+         :      extern __inline void __attribute__((__gnu_inline__, __always_inline__, _
+         :      _mm_store_si128 (__m128i *__P, __m128i __B) :      {
+         :        *__P = __B;
+   12.40 :         34eee:       66 0f 7f 80 40 ff ff    movdqa %xmm0,-0xc0(%eax)
+    0.00 :         34ef5:       ff
+   12.40 :         34ef6:       66 0f 7f 80 50 ff ff    movdqa %xmm0,-0xb0(%eax)
+    0.00 :         34efd:       ff
+   12.39 :         34efe:       66 0f 7f 80 60 ff ff    movdqa %xmm0,-0xa0(%eax)
+    0.00 :         34f05:       ff
+   12.67 :         34f06:       66 0f 7f 80 70 ff ff    movdqa %xmm0,-0x90(%eax)
+    0.00 :         34f0d:       ff
+   12.58 :         34f0e:       66 0f 7f 40 80          movdqa %xmm0,-0x80(%eax)
+   12.31 :         34f13:       66 0f 7f 40 90          movdqa %xmm0,-0x70(%eax)
+   12.40 :         34f18:       66 0f 7f 40 a0          movdqa %xmm0,-0x60(%eax)
+   12.31 :         34f1d:       66 0f 7f 40 b0          movdqa %xmm0,-0x50(%eax)
+
+At a glance, it looks like the time is being spent copying pixmaps to
+the card.  Further investigation would be needed to determine why pixmaps
+are being copied around so much but a starting point would be to take an
+ancient build of libpixmap out of the library path where it was totally
+forgotten about from months ago!
diff --git a/Documentation/usb/authorization.txt b/Documentation/usb/authorization.txt
index 381b22ee7834..c069b6884c77 100644
--- a/Documentation/usb/authorization.txt
+++ b/Documentation/usb/authorization.txt
@@ -16,20 +16,20 @@ Usage:
 
 Authorize a device to connect:
 
-$ echo 1 > /sys/usb/devices/DEVICE/authorized
+$ echo 1 > /sys/bus/usb/devices/DEVICE/authorized
 
 Deauthorize a device:
 
-$ echo 0 > /sys/usb/devices/DEVICE/authorized
+$ echo 0 > /sys/bus/usb/devices/DEVICE/authorized
 
 Set new devices connected to hostX to be deauthorized by default (ie:
 lock down):
 
-$ echo 0 > /sys/bus/devices/usbX/authorized_default
+$ echo 0 > /sys/bus/usb/devices/usbX/authorized_default
 
 Remove the lock down:
 
-$ echo 1 > /sys/bus/devices/usbX/authorized_default
+$ echo 1 > /sys/bus/usb/devices/usbX/authorized_default
 
 By default, Wired USB devices are authorized by default to
 connect. Wireless USB hosts deauthorize by default all new connected
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ USB port):
 boot up
 rc.local ->
 
- for host in /sys/bus/devices/usb*
+ for host in /sys/bus/usb/devices/usb*
  do
     echo 0 > $host/authorized_default
  done
diff --git a/Documentation/usb/usbmon.txt b/Documentation/usb/usbmon.txt
index 6c3c625b7f30..66f92d1194c1 100644
--- a/Documentation/usb/usbmon.txt
+++ b/Documentation/usb/usbmon.txt
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ if usbmon is built into the kernel.
 
 Verify that bus sockets are present.
 
-# ls /sys/kernel/debug/usbmon
+# ls /sys/kernel/debug/usb/usbmon
 0s  0u  1s  1t  1u  2s  2t  2u  3s  3t  3u  4s  4t  4u
 #
 
@@ -58,11 +58,11 @@ Bus=03 means it's bus 3.
 
 3. Start 'cat'
 
-# cat /sys/kernel/debug/usbmon/3u > /tmp/1.mon.out
+# cat /sys/kernel/debug/usb/usbmon/3u > /tmp/1.mon.out
 
 to listen on a single bus, otherwise, to listen on all buses, type:
 
-# cat /sys/kernel/debug/usbmon/0u > /tmp/1.mon.out
+# cat /sys/kernel/debug/usb/usbmon/0u > /tmp/1.mon.out
 
 This process will be reading until killed. Naturally, the output can be
 redirected to a desirable location. This is preferred, because it is going
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ Before the call, hdr, data, and alloc should be filled. Upon return, the area
 pointed by hdr contains the next event structure, and the data buffer contains
 the data, if any. The event is removed from the kernel buffer.
 
-The MON_IOCX_GET copies 48 bytes, MON_IOCX_GETX copies 64 bytes.
+The MON_IOCX_GET copies 48 bytes to hdr area, MON_IOCX_GETX copies 64 bytes.
 
  MON_IOCX_MFETCH, defined as _IOWR(MON_IOC_MAGIC, 7, struct mon_mfetch_arg)
 
diff --git a/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.cx23885 b/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.cx23885
index 525edb37c758..5f33d8486102 100644
--- a/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.cx23885
+++ b/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.cx23885
@@ -23,3 +23,4 @@
  22 -> Mygica X8506 DMB-TH                                 [14f1:8651]
  23 -> Magic-Pro ProHDTV Extreme 2                         [14f1:8657]
  24 -> Hauppauge WinTV-HVR1850                             [0070:8541]
+ 25 -> Compro VideoMate E800                               [1858:e800]
diff --git a/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.em28xx b/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.em28xx
index b13fcbd5d94b..b8afef4c0e01 100644
--- a/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.em28xx
+++ b/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.em28xx
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
   0 -> Unknown EM2800 video grabber             (em2800)        [eb1a:2800]
-  1 -> Unknown EM2750/28xx video grabber        (em2820/em2840) [eb1a:2710,eb1a:2820,eb1a:2821,eb1a:2860,eb1a:2861,eb1a:2870,eb1a:2881,eb1a:2883]
+  1 -> Unknown EM2750/28xx video grabber        (em2820/em2840) [eb1a:2710,eb1a:2820,eb1a:2821,eb1a:2860,eb1a:2861,eb1a:2870,eb1a:2881,eb1a:2883,eb1a:2868]
   2 -> Terratec Cinergy 250 USB                 (em2820/em2840) [0ccd:0036]
   3 -> Pinnacle PCTV USB 2                      (em2820/em2840) [2304:0208]
   4 -> Hauppauge WinTV USB 2                    (em2820/em2840) [2040:4200,2040:4201]
@@ -68,3 +68,4 @@
  70 -> Evga inDtube                             (em2882)
  71 -> Silvercrest Webcam 1.3mpix               (em2820/em2840)
  72 -> Gadmei UTV330+                           (em2861)
+ 73 -> Reddo DVB-C USB TV Box                   (em2870)
diff --git a/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.saa7134 b/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.saa7134
index 0ac4d2544778..2620d60341ee 100644
--- a/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.saa7134
+++ b/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.saa7134
@@ -171,3 +171,4 @@
 170 -> AverMedia AverTV Studio 505              [1461:a115]
 171 -> Beholder BeholdTV X7                     [5ace:7595]
 172 -> RoverMedia TV Link Pro FM                [19d1:0138]
+173 -> Zolid Hybrid TV Tuner PCI                [1131:2004]
diff --git a/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.saa7164 b/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.saa7164
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..152bd7b781ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.saa7164
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+  0 -> Unknown
+  1 -> Generic Rev2
+  2 -> Generic Rev3
+  3 -> Hauppauge WinTV-HVR2250                             [0070:8880,0070:8810]
+  4 -> Hauppauge WinTV-HVR2200                             [0070:8980]
+  5 -> Hauppauge WinTV-HVR2200                             [0070:8900]
+  6 -> Hauppauge WinTV-HVR2200                             [0070:8901]
+  7 -> Hauppauge WinTV-HVR2250                             [0070:8891,0070:8851]
+  8 -> Hauppauge WinTV-HVR2250                             [0070:88A1]
diff --git a/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.tuner b/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.tuner
index ba9fa679e2d3..e0d298fe8830 100644
--- a/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.tuner
+++ b/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.tuner
@@ -79,3 +79,5 @@ tuner=78 - Philips FMD1216MEX MK3 Hybrid Tuner
 tuner=79 - Philips PAL/SECAM multi (FM1216 MK5)
 tuner=80 - Philips FQ1216LME MK3 PAL/SECAM w/active loopthrough
 tuner=81 - Partsnic (Daewoo) PTI-5NF05
+tuner=82 - Philips CU1216L
+tuner=83 - NXP TDA18271
diff --git a/Documentation/video4linux/gspca.txt b/Documentation/video4linux/gspca.txt
index 4686e84dd800..3f61825be499 100644
--- a/Documentation/video4linux/gspca.txt
+++ b/Documentation/video4linux/gspca.txt
@@ -173,6 +173,8 @@ ov519		05a9:8519	OmniVision
 ov519           05a9:a518       D-Link DSB-C310 Webcam
 sunplus         05da:1018       Digital Dream Enigma 1.3
 stk014          05e1:0893       Syntek DV4000
+gl860           05e3:0503       Genesys Logic PC Camera
+gl860           05e3:f191       Genesys Logic PC Camera
 spca561         060b:a001       Maxell Compact Pc PM3
 zc3xx           0698:2003       CTX M730V built in
 spca500         06bd:0404       Agfa CL20
diff --git a/Documentation/video4linux/soc-camera.txt b/Documentation/video4linux/soc-camera.txt
index 178ef3c5e579..3f87c7da4ca2 100644
--- a/Documentation/video4linux/soc-camera.txt
+++ b/Documentation/video4linux/soc-camera.txt
@@ -116,5 +116,45 @@ functionality.
 struct soc_camera_device also links to an array of struct soc_camera_data_format,
 listing pixel formats, supported by the camera.
 
+VIDIOC_S_CROP and VIDIOC_S_FMT behaviour
+----------------------------------------
+
+Above user ioctls modify image geometry as follows:
+
+VIDIOC_S_CROP: sets location and sizes of the sensor window. Unit is one sensor
+pixel. Changing sensor window sizes preserves any scaling factors, therefore
+user window sizes change as well.
+
+VIDIOC_S_FMT: sets user window. Should preserve previously set sensor window as
+much as possible by modifying scaling factors. If the sensor window cannot be
+preserved precisely, it may be changed too.
+
+In soc-camera there are two locations, where scaling and cropping can taks
+place: in the camera driver and in the host driver. User ioctls are first passed
+to the host driver, which then generally passes them down to the camera driver.
+It is more efficient to perform scaling and cropping in the camera driver to
+save camera bus bandwidth and maximise the framerate. However, if the camera
+driver failed to set the required parameters with sufficient precision, the host
+driver may decide to also use its own scaling and cropping to fulfill the user's
+request.
+
+Camera drivers are interfaced to the soc-camera core and to host drivers over
+the v4l2-subdev API, which is completely functional, it doesn't pass any data.
+Therefore all camera drivers shall reply to .g_fmt() requests with their current
+output geometry. This is necessary to correctly configure the camera bus.
+.s_fmt() and .try_fmt() have to be implemented too. Sensor window and scaling
+factors have to be maintained by camera drivers internally. According to the
+V4L2 API all capture drivers must support the VIDIOC_CROPCAP ioctl, hence we
+rely on camera drivers implementing .cropcap(). If the camera driver does not
+support cropping, it may choose to not implement .s_crop(), but to enable
+cropping support by the camera host driver at least the .g_crop method must be
+implemented.
+
+User window geometry is kept in .user_width and .user_height fields in struct
+soc_camera_device and used by the soc-camera core and host drivers. The core
+updates these fields upon successful completion of a .s_fmt() call, but if these
+fields change elsewhere, e.g., during .s_crop() processing, the host driver is
+responsible for updating them.
+
 --
 Author: Guennadi Liakhovetski <g.liakhovetski@gmx.de>
diff --git a/Documentation/video4linux/v4l2-framework.txt b/Documentation/video4linux/v4l2-framework.txt
index ba4706afc5fb..b806edaf3e75 100644
--- a/Documentation/video4linux/v4l2-framework.txt
+++ b/Documentation/video4linux/v4l2-framework.txt
@@ -370,19 +370,20 @@ from the remove() callback ensures that this is always done correctly.
 The bridge driver also has some helper functions it can use:
 
 struct v4l2_subdev *sd = v4l2_i2c_new_subdev(v4l2_dev, adapter,
-               "module_foo", "chipid", 0x36);
+               "module_foo", "chipid", 0x36, NULL);
 
 This loads the given module (can be NULL if no module needs to be loaded) and
 calls i2c_new_device() with the given i2c_adapter and chip/address arguments.
 If all goes well, then it registers the subdev with the v4l2_device.
 
-You can also use v4l2_i2c_new_probed_subdev() which is very similar to
-v4l2_i2c_new_subdev(), except that it has an array of possible I2C addresses
-that it should probe. Internally it calls i2c_new_probed_device().
+You can also use the last argument of v4l2_i2c_new_subdev() to pass an array
+of possible I2C addresses that it should probe. These probe addresses are
+only used if the previous argument is 0. A non-zero argument means that you
+know the exact i2c address so in that case no probing will take place.
 
 Both functions return NULL if something went wrong.
 
-Note that the chipid you pass to v4l2_i2c_new_(probed_)subdev() is usually
+Note that the chipid you pass to v4l2_i2c_new_subdev() is usually
 the same as the module name. It allows you to specify a chip variant, e.g.
 "saa7114" or "saa7115". In general though the i2c driver autodetects this.
 The use of chipid is something that needs to be looked at more closely at a
@@ -410,11 +411,6 @@ the irq and platform_data arguments after the subdev was setup. The older
 v4l2_i2c_new_(probed_)subdev functions will call s_config as well, but with
 irq set to 0 and platform_data set to NULL.
 
-Note that in the next kernel release the functions v4l2_i2c_new_subdev,
-v4l2_i2c_new_probed_subdev and v4l2_i2c_new_probed_subdev_addr will all be
-replaced by a single v4l2_i2c_new_subdev that is identical to
-v4l2_i2c_new_subdev_cfg but without the irq and platform_data arguments.
-
 struct video_device
 -------------------
 
@@ -490,31 +486,35 @@ VFL_TYPE_RADIO: radioX for radio tuners
 VFL_TYPE_VTX: vtxX for teletext devices (deprecated, don't use)
 
 The last argument gives you a certain amount of control over the device
-kernel number used (i.e. the X in videoX). Normally you will pass -1 to
-let the v4l2 framework pick the first free number. But if a driver creates
-many devices, then it can be useful to have different video devices in
-separate ranges. For example, video capture devices start at 0, video
-output devices start at 16.
-
-So you can use the last argument to specify a minimum kernel number and
-the v4l2 framework will try to pick the first free number that is equal
+device node number used (i.e. the X in videoX). Normally you will pass -1
+to let the v4l2 framework pick the first free number. But sometimes users
+want to select a specific node number. It is common that drivers allow
+the user to select a specific device node number through a driver module
+option. That number is then passed to this function and video_register_device
+will attempt to select that device node number. If that number was already
+in use, then the next free device node number will be selected and it
+will send a warning to the kernel log.
+
+Another use-case is if a driver creates many devices. In that case it can
+be useful to place different video devices in separate ranges. For example,
+video capture devices start at 0, video output devices start at 16.
+So you can use the last argument to specify a minimum device node number
+and the v4l2 framework will try to pick the first free number that is equal
 or higher to what you passed. If that fails, then it will just pick the
 first free number.
 
+Since in this case you do not care about a warning about not being able
+to select the specified device node number, you can call the function
+video_register_device_no_warn() instead.
+
 Whenever a device node is created some attributes are also created for you.
 If you look in /sys/class/video4linux you see the devices. Go into e.g.
 video0 and you will see 'name' and 'index' attributes. The 'name' attribute
-is the 'name' field of the video_device struct. The 'index' attribute is
-a device node index that can be assigned by the driver, or that is calculated
-for you.
-
-If you call video_register_device(), then the index is just increased by
-1 for each device node you register. The first video device node you register
-always starts off with 0.
+is the 'name' field of the video_device struct.
 
-Alternatively you can call video_register_device_index() which is identical
-to video_register_device(), but with an extra index argument. Here you can
-pass a specific index value (between 0 and 31) that should be used.
+The 'index' attribute is the index of the device node: for each call to
+video_register_device() the index is just increased by 1. The first video
+device node you register always starts with index 0.
 
 Users can setup udev rules that utilize the index attribute to make fancy
 device names (e.g. 'mpegX' for MPEG video capture device nodes).
@@ -523,9 +523,8 @@ After the device was successfully registered, then you can use these fields:
 
 - vfl_type: the device type passed to video_register_device.
 - minor: the assigned device minor number.
-- num: the device kernel number (i.e. the X in videoX).
-- index: the device index number (calculated or set explicitly using
-  video_register_device_index).
+- num: the device node number (i.e. the X in videoX).
+- index: the device index number.
 
 If the registration failed, then you need to call video_device_release()
 to free the allocated video_device struct, or free your own struct if the
diff --git a/Documentation/video4linux/v4lgrab.c b/Documentation/video4linux/v4lgrab.c
index 05769cff1009..c8ded175796e 100644
--- a/Documentation/video4linux/v4lgrab.c
+++ b/Documentation/video4linux/v4lgrab.c
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@
         }                                                               \
 }
 
-int get_brightness_adj(unsigned char *image, long size, int *brightness) {
+static int get_brightness_adj(unsigned char *image, long size, int *brightness) {
   long i, tot = 0;
   for (i=0;i<size*3;i++)
     tot += image[i];
diff --git a/Documentation/vm/.gitignore b/Documentation/vm/.gitignore
index 33e8a023df02..09b164a5700f 100644
--- a/Documentation/vm/.gitignore
+++ b/Documentation/vm/.gitignore
@@ -1 +1,2 @@
+page-types
 slabinfo
diff --git a/Documentation/vm/00-INDEX b/Documentation/vm/00-INDEX
index 2f77ced35df7..e57d6a9dd32b 100644
--- a/Documentation/vm/00-INDEX
+++ b/Documentation/vm/00-INDEX
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ balance
         - various information on memory balancing.
 hugetlbpage.txt
         - a brief summary of hugetlbpage support in the Linux kernel.
+ksm.txt
+        - how to use the Kernel Samepage Merging feature.
 locking
         - info on how locking and synchronization is done in the Linux vm code.
 numa
@@ -20,3 +22,5 @@ slabinfo.c
         - source code for a tool to get reports about slabs.
 slub.txt
         - a short users guide for SLUB.
+map_hugetlb.c
+        - an example program that uses the MAP_HUGETLB mmap flag.
diff --git a/Documentation/vm/hugetlbpage.txt b/Documentation/vm/hugetlbpage.txt
index ea8714fcc3ad..82a7bd1800b2 100644
--- a/Documentation/vm/hugetlbpage.txt
+++ b/Documentation/vm/hugetlbpage.txt
@@ -18,13 +18,13 @@ First the Linux kernel needs to be built with the CONFIG_HUGETLBFS
 automatically when CONFIG_HUGETLBFS is selected) configuration
 options.
 
-The kernel built with hugepage support should show the number of configured
-hugepages in the system by running the "cat /proc/meminfo" command.
+The kernel built with huge page support should show the number of configured
+huge pages in the system by running the "cat /proc/meminfo" command.
 
 /proc/meminfo also provides information about the total number of hugetlb
 pages configured in the kernel.  It also displays information about the
 number of free hugetlb pages at any time.  It also displays information about
-the configured hugepage size - this is needed for generating the proper
+the configured huge page size - this is needed for generating the proper
 alignment and size of the arguments to the above system calls.
 
 The output of "cat /proc/meminfo" will have lines like:
@@ -37,25 +37,27 @@ HugePages_Surp:  yyy
 Hugepagesize:    zzz kB
 
 where:
-HugePages_Total is the size of the pool of hugepages.
-HugePages_Free is the number of hugepages in the pool that are not yet
-allocated.
-HugePages_Rsvd is short for "reserved," and is the number of hugepages
-for which a commitment to allocate from the pool has been made, but no
-allocation has yet been made. It's vaguely analogous to overcommit.
-HugePages_Surp is short for "surplus," and is the number of hugepages in
-the pool above the value in /proc/sys/vm/nr_hugepages. The maximum
-number of surplus hugepages is controlled by
-/proc/sys/vm/nr_overcommit_hugepages.
+HugePages_Total is the size of the pool of huge pages.
+HugePages_Free  is the number of huge pages in the pool that are not yet
+                allocated.
+HugePages_Rsvd  is short for "reserved," and is the number of huge pages for
+                which a commitment to allocate from the pool has been made,
+                but no allocation has yet been made.  Reserved huge pages
+                guarantee that an application will be able to allocate a
+                huge page from the pool of huge pages at fault time.
+HugePages_Surp  is short for "surplus," and is the number of huge pages in
+                the pool above the value in /proc/sys/vm/nr_hugepages. The
+                maximum number of surplus huge pages is controlled by
+                /proc/sys/vm/nr_overcommit_hugepages.
 
 /proc/filesystems should also show a filesystem of type "hugetlbfs" configured
 in the kernel.
 
 /proc/sys/vm/nr_hugepages indicates the current number of configured hugetlb
 pages in the kernel.  Super user can dynamically request more (or free some
-pre-configured) hugepages.
+pre-configured) huge pages.
 The allocation (or deallocation) of hugetlb pages is possible only if there are
-enough physically contiguous free pages in system (freeing of hugepages is
+enough physically contiguous free pages in system (freeing of huge pages is
 possible only if there are enough hugetlb pages free that can be transferred
 back to regular memory pool).
 
@@ -67,43 +69,82 @@ use either the mmap system call or shared memory system calls to start using
 the huge pages.  It is required that the system administrator preallocate
 enough memory for huge page purposes.
 
-Use the following command to dynamically allocate/deallocate hugepages:
+The administrator can preallocate huge pages on the kernel boot command line by
+specifying the "hugepages=N" parameter, where 'N' = the number of huge pages
+requested.  This is the most reliable method for preallocating huge pages as
+memory has not yet become fragmented.
+
+Some platforms support multiple huge page sizes.  To preallocate huge pages
+of a specific size, one must preceed the huge pages boot command parameters
+with a huge page size selection parameter "hugepagesz=<size>".  <size> must
+be specified in bytes with optional scale suffix [kKmMgG].  The default huge
+page size may be selected with the "default_hugepagesz=<size>" boot parameter.
+
+/proc/sys/vm/nr_hugepages indicates the current number of configured [default
+size] hugetlb pages in the kernel.  Super user can dynamically request more
+(or free some pre-configured) huge pages.
+
+Use the following command to dynamically allocate/deallocate default sized
+huge pages:
 
         echo 20 > /proc/sys/vm/nr_hugepages
 
-This command will try to configure 20 hugepages in the system.  The success
-or failure of allocation depends on the amount of physically contiguous
-memory that is preset in system at this time.  System administrators may want
-to put this command in one of the local rc init files.  This will enable the
-kernel to request huge pages early in the boot process (when the possibility
-of getting physical contiguous pages is still very high). In either
-case, administrators will want to verify the number of hugepages actually
-allocated by checking the sysctl or meminfo.
-
-/proc/sys/vm/nr_overcommit_hugepages indicates how large the pool of
-hugepages can grow, if more hugepages than /proc/sys/vm/nr_hugepages are
-requested by applications. echo'ing any non-zero value into this file
-indicates that the hugetlb subsystem is allowed to try to obtain
-hugepages from the buddy allocator, if the normal pool is exhausted. As
-these surplus hugepages go out of use, they are freed back to the buddy
+This command will try to configure 20 default sized huge pages in the system.
+On a NUMA platform, the kernel will attempt to distribute the huge page pool
+over the all on-line nodes.  These huge pages, allocated when nr_hugepages
+is increased, are called "persistent huge pages".
+
+The success or failure of huge page allocation depends on the amount of
+physically contiguous memory that is preset in system at the time of the
+allocation attempt.  If the kernel is unable to allocate huge pages from
+some nodes in a NUMA system, it will attempt to make up the difference by
+allocating extra pages on other nodes with sufficient available contiguous
+memory, if any.
+
+System administrators may want to put this command in one of the local rc init
+files.  This will enable the kernel to request huge pages early in the boot
+process when the possibility of getting physical contiguous pages is still
+very high.  Administrators can verify the number of huge pages actually
+allocated by checking the sysctl or meminfo.  To check the per node
+distribution of huge pages in a NUMA system, use:
+
+        cat /sys/devices/system/node/node*/meminfo | fgrep Huge
+
+/proc/sys/vm/nr_overcommit_hugepages specifies how large the pool of
+huge pages can grow, if more huge pages than /proc/sys/vm/nr_hugepages are
+requested by applications.  Writing any non-zero value into this file
+indicates that the hugetlb subsystem is allowed to try to obtain "surplus"
+huge pages from the buddy allocator, when the normal pool is exhausted. As
+these surplus huge pages go out of use, they are freed back to the buddy
 allocator.
 
+When increasing the huge page pool size via nr_hugepages, any surplus
+pages will first be promoted to persistent huge pages.  Then, additional
+huge pages will be allocated, if necessary and if possible, to fulfill
+the new huge page pool size.
+
+The administrator may shrink the pool of preallocated huge pages for
+the default huge page size by setting the nr_hugepages sysctl to a
+smaller value.  The kernel will attempt to balance the freeing of huge pages
+across all on-line nodes.  Any free huge pages on the selected nodes will
+be freed back to the buddy allocator.
+
 Caveat: Shrinking the pool via nr_hugepages such that it becomes less
-than the number of hugepages in use will convert the balance to surplus
+than the number of huge pages in use will convert the balance to surplus
 huge pages even if it would exceed the overcommit value.  As long as
 this condition holds, however, no more surplus huge pages will be
 allowed on the system until one of the two sysctls are increased
 sufficiently, or the surplus huge pages go out of use and are freed.
 
-With support for multiple hugepage pools at run-time available, much of
-the hugepage userspace interface has been duplicated in sysfs. The above
-information applies to the default hugepage size (which will be
-controlled by the proc interfaces for backwards compatibility). The root
-hugepage control directory is
+With support for multiple huge page pools at run-time available, much of
+the huge page userspace interface has been duplicated in sysfs. The above
+information applies to the default huge page size which will be
+controlled by the /proc interfaces for backwards compatibility. The root
+huge page control directory in sysfs is:
 
         /sys/kernel/mm/hugepages
 
-For each hugepage size supported by the running kernel, a subdirectory
+For each huge page size supported by the running kernel, a subdirectory
 will exist, of the form
 
         hugepages-${size}kB
@@ -116,9 +157,9 @@ Inside each of these directories, the same set of files will exist:
         resv_hugepages
         surplus_hugepages
 
-which function as described above for the default hugepage-sized case.
+which function as described above for the default huge page-sized case.
 
-If the user applications are going to request hugepages using mmap system
+If the user applications are going to request huge pages using mmap system
 call, then it is required that system administrator mount a file system of
 type hugetlbfs:
 
@@ -127,7 +168,7 @@ type hugetlbfs:
         none /mnt/huge
 
 This command mounts a (pseudo) filesystem of type hugetlbfs on the directory
-/mnt/huge.  Any files created on /mnt/huge uses hugepages.  The uid and gid
+/mnt/huge.  Any files created on /mnt/huge uses huge pages.  The uid and gid
 options sets the owner and group of the root of the file system.  By default
 the uid and gid of the current process are taken.  The mode option sets the
 mode of root of file system to value & 0777.  This value is given in octal.
@@ -146,24 +187,26 @@ Regular chown, chgrp, and chmod commands (with right permissions) could be
 used to change the file attributes on hugetlbfs.
 
 Also, it is important to note that no such mount command is required if the
-applications are going to use only shmat/shmget system calls.  Users who
-wish to use hugetlb page via shared memory segment should be a member of
-a supplementary group and system admin needs to configure that gid into
-/proc/sys/vm/hugetlb_shm_group.  It is possible for same or different
-applications to use any combination of mmaps and shm* calls, though the
-mount of filesystem will be required for using mmap calls.
+applications are going to use only shmat/shmget system calls or mmap with
+MAP_HUGETLB.  Users who wish to use hugetlb page via shared memory segment
+should be a member of a supplementary group and system admin needs to
+configure that gid into /proc/sys/vm/hugetlb_shm_group.  It is possible for
+same or different applications to use any combination of mmaps and shm*
+calls, though the mount of filesystem will be required for using mmap calls
+without MAP_HUGETLB.  For an example of how to use mmap with MAP_HUGETLB see
+map_hugetlb.c.
 
 *******************************************************************
 
 /*
- * Example of using hugepage memory in a user application using Sys V shared
+ * Example of using huge page memory in a user application using Sys V shared
  * memory system calls.  In this example the app is requesting 256MB of
  * memory that is backed by huge pages.  The application uses the flag
  * SHM_HUGETLB in the shmget system call to inform the kernel that it is
- * requesting hugepages.
+ * requesting huge pages.
  *
  * For the ia64 architecture, the Linux kernel reserves Region number 4 for
- * hugepages.  That means the addresses starting with 0x800000... will need
+ * huge pages.  That means the addresses starting with 0x800000... will need
  * to be specified.  Specifying a fixed address is not required on ppc64,
  * i386 or x86_64.
  *
@@ -252,14 +295,14 @@ int main(void)
 *******************************************************************
 
 /*
- * Example of using hugepage memory in a user application using the mmap
+ * Example of using huge page memory in a user application using the mmap
  * system call.  Before running this application, make sure that the
  * administrator has mounted the hugetlbfs filesystem (on some directory
  * like /mnt) using the command mount -t hugetlbfs nodev /mnt. In this
  * example, the app is requesting memory of size 256MB that is backed by
  * huge pages.
  *
- * For ia64 architecture, Linux kernel reserves Region number 4 for hugepages.
+ * For ia64 architecture, Linux kernel reserves Region number 4 for huge pages.
  * That means the addresses starting with 0x800000... will need to be
  * specified.  Specifying a fixed address is not required on ppc64, i386
  * or x86_64.
diff --git a/Documentation/vm/ksm.txt b/Documentation/vm/ksm.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..72a22f65960e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/vm/ksm.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+How to use the Kernel Samepage Merging feature
+----------------------------------------------
+
+KSM is a memory-saving de-duplication feature, enabled by CONFIG_KSM=y,
+added to the Linux kernel in 2.6.32.  See mm/ksm.c for its implementation,
+and http://lwn.net/Articles/306704/ and http://lwn.net/Articles/330589/
+
+The KSM daemon ksmd periodically scans those areas of user memory which
+have been registered with it, looking for pages of identical content which
+can be replaced by a single write-protected page (which is automatically
+copied if a process later wants to update its content).
+
+KSM was originally developed for use with KVM (where it was known as
+Kernel Shared Memory), to fit more virtual machines into physical memory,
+by sharing the data common between them.  But it can be useful to any
+application which generates many instances of the same data.
+
+KSM only merges anonymous (private) pages, never pagecache (file) pages.
+KSM's merged pages are at present locked into kernel memory for as long
+as they are shared: so cannot be swapped out like the user pages they
+replace (but swapping KSM pages should follow soon in a later release).
+
+KSM only operates on those areas of address space which an application
+has advised to be likely candidates for merging, by using the madvise(2)
+system call: int madvise(addr, length, MADV_MERGEABLE).
+
+The app may call int madvise(addr, length, MADV_UNMERGEABLE) to cancel
+that advice and restore unshared pages: whereupon KSM unmerges whatever
+it merged in that range.  Note: this unmerging call may suddenly require
+more memory than is available - possibly failing with EAGAIN, but more
+probably arousing the Out-Of-Memory killer.
+
+If KSM is not configured into the running kernel, madvise MADV_MERGEABLE
+and MADV_UNMERGEABLE simply fail with EINVAL.  If the running kernel was
+built with CONFIG_KSM=y, those calls will normally succeed: even if the
+the KSM daemon is not currently running, MADV_MERGEABLE still registers
+the range for whenever the KSM daemon is started; even if the range
+cannot contain any pages which KSM could actually merge; even if
+MADV_UNMERGEABLE is applied to a range which was never MADV_MERGEABLE.
+
+Like other madvise calls, they are intended for use on mapped areas of
+the user address space: they will report ENOMEM if the specified range
+includes unmapped gaps (though working on the intervening mapped areas),
+and might fail with EAGAIN if not enough memory for internal structures.
+
+Applications should be considerate in their use of MADV_MERGEABLE,
+restricting its use to areas likely to benefit.  KSM's scans may use
+a lot of processing power, and its kernel-resident pages are a limited
+resource.  Some installations will disable KSM for these reasons.
+
+The KSM daemon is controlled by sysfs files in /sys/kernel/mm/ksm/,
+readable by all but writable only by root:
+
+max_kernel_pages - set to maximum number of kernel pages that KSM may use
+                   e.g. "echo 2000 > /sys/kernel/mm/ksm/max_kernel_pages"
+                   Value 0 imposes no limit on the kernel pages KSM may use;
+                   but note that any process using MADV_MERGEABLE can cause
+                   KSM to allocate these pages, unswappable until it exits.
+                   Default: 2000 (chosen for demonstration purposes)
+
+pages_to_scan    - how many present pages to scan before ksmd goes to sleep
+                   e.g. "echo 200 > /sys/kernel/mm/ksm/pages_to_scan"
+                   Default: 200 (chosen for demonstration purposes)
+
+sleep_millisecs  - how many milliseconds ksmd should sleep before next scan
+                   e.g. "echo 20 > /sys/kernel/mm/ksm/sleep_millisecs"
+                   Default: 20 (chosen for demonstration purposes)
+
+run              - set 0 to stop ksmd from running but keep merged pages,
+                   set 1 to run ksmd e.g. "echo 1 > /sys/kernel/mm/ksm/run",
+                   set 2 to stop ksmd and unmerge all pages currently merged,
+                         but leave mergeable areas registered for next run
+                   Default: 1 (for immediate use by apps which register)
+
+The effectiveness of KSM and MADV_MERGEABLE is shown in /sys/kernel/mm/ksm/:
+
+pages_shared     - how many shared unswappable kernel pages KSM is using
+pages_sharing    - how many more sites are sharing them i.e. how much saved
+pages_unshared   - how many pages unique but repeatedly checked for merging
+pages_volatile   - how many pages changing too fast to be placed in a tree
+full_scans       - how many times all mergeable areas have been scanned
+
+A high ratio of pages_sharing to pages_shared indicates good sharing, but
+a high ratio of pages_unshared to pages_sharing indicates wasted effort.
+pages_volatile embraces several different kinds of activity, but a high
+proportion there would also indicate poor use of madvise MADV_MERGEABLE.
+
+Izik Eidus,
+Hugh Dickins, 30 July 2009
diff --git a/Documentation/vm/locking b/Documentation/vm/locking
index f366fa956179..25fadb448760 100644
--- a/Documentation/vm/locking
+++ b/Documentation/vm/locking
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ Note: PTL can also be used to guarantee that no new clones using the
 mm start up ... this is a loose form of stability on mm_users. For
 example, it is used in copy_mm to protect against a racing tlb_gather_mmu
 single address space optimization, so that the zap_page_range (from
-vmtruncate) does not lose sending ipi's to cloned threads that might 
+truncate) does not lose sending ipi's to cloned threads that might
 be spawned underneath it and go to user mode to drag in pte's into tlbs.
 
 swap_lock
diff --git a/Documentation/vm/map_hugetlb.c b/Documentation/vm/map_hugetlb.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e2bdae37f499
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/vm/map_hugetlb.c
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+/*
+ * Example of using hugepage memory in a user application using the mmap
+ * system call with MAP_HUGETLB flag.  Before running this program make
+ * sure the administrator has allocated enough default sized huge pages
+ * to cover the 256 MB allocation.
+ *
+ * For ia64 architecture, Linux kernel reserves Region number 4 for hugepages.
+ * That means the addresses starting with 0x800000... will need to be
+ * specified.  Specifying a fixed address is not required on ppc64, i386
+ * or x86_64.
+ */
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+
+#define LENGTH (256UL*1024*1024)
+#define PROTECTION (PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE)
+
+#ifndef MAP_HUGETLB
+#define MAP_HUGETLB 0x40
+#endif
+
+/* Only ia64 requires this */
+#ifdef __ia64__
+#define ADDR (void *)(0x8000000000000000UL)
+#define FLAGS (MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_HUGETLB | MAP_FIXED)
+#else
+#define ADDR (void *)(0x0UL)
+#define FLAGS (MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_HUGETLB)
+#endif
+
+void check_bytes(char *addr)
+{
+        printf("First hex is %x\n", *((unsigned int *)addr));
+}
+
+void write_bytes(char *addr)
+{
+        unsigned long i;
+
+        for (i = 0; i < LENGTH; i++)
+                *(addr + i) = (char)i;
+}
+
+void read_bytes(char *addr)
+{
+        unsigned long i;
+
+        check_bytes(addr);
+        for (i = 0; i < LENGTH; i++)
+                if (*(addr + i) != (char)i) {
+                        printf("Mismatch at %lu\n", i);
+                        break;
+                }
+}
+
+int main(void)
+{
+        void *addr;
+
+        addr = mmap(ADDR, LENGTH, PROTECTION, FLAGS, 0, 0);
+        if (addr == MAP_FAILED) {
+                perror("mmap");
+                exit(1);
+        }
+
+        printf("Returned address is %p\n", addr);
+        check_bytes(addr);
+        write_bytes(addr);
+        read_bytes(addr);
+
+        munmap(addr, LENGTH);
+
+        return 0;
+}
diff --git a/Documentation/vm/page-types.c b/Documentation/vm/page-types.c
index 0833f44ba16b..fa1a30d9e9d5 100644
--- a/Documentation/vm/page-types.c
+++ b/Documentation/vm/page-types.c
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
  * Copyright (C) 2009 Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
  */
 
+#define _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
@@ -13,12 +14,33 @@
 #include <string.h>
 #include <getopt.h>
 #include <limits.h>
+#include <assert.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/errno.h>
 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
 
 
 /*
+ * pagemap kernel ABI bits
+ */
+
+#define PM_ENTRY_BYTES      sizeof(uint64_t)
+#define PM_STATUS_BITS      3
+#define PM_STATUS_OFFSET    (64 - PM_STATUS_BITS)
+#define PM_STATUS_MASK      (((1LL << PM_STATUS_BITS) - 1) << PM_STATUS_OFFSET)
+#define PM_STATUS(nr)       (((nr) << PM_STATUS_OFFSET) & PM_STATUS_MASK)
+#define PM_PSHIFT_BITS      6
+#define PM_PSHIFT_OFFSET    (PM_STATUS_OFFSET - PM_PSHIFT_BITS)
+#define PM_PSHIFT_MASK      (((1LL << PM_PSHIFT_BITS) - 1) << PM_PSHIFT_OFFSET)
+#define PM_PSHIFT(x)        (((u64) (x) << PM_PSHIFT_OFFSET) & PM_PSHIFT_MASK)
+#define PM_PFRAME_MASK      ((1LL << PM_PSHIFT_OFFSET) - 1)
+#define PM_PFRAME(x)        ((x) & PM_PFRAME_MASK)
+
+#define PM_PRESENT          PM_STATUS(4LL)
+#define PM_SWAP             PM_STATUS(2LL)
+
+
+/*
  * kernel page flags
  */
 
@@ -126,6 +148,14 @@ static int		nr_addr_ranges;
 static unsigned long    opt_offset[MAX_ADDR_RANGES];
 static unsigned long    opt_size[MAX_ADDR_RANGES];
 
+#define MAX_VMAS        10240
+static int              nr_vmas;
+static unsigned long    pg_start[MAX_VMAS];
+static unsigned long    pg_end[MAX_VMAS];
+static unsigned long    voffset;
+
+static int              pagemap_fd;
+
 #define MAX_BIT_FILTERS 64
 static int              nr_bit_filters;
 static uint64_t         opt_mask[MAX_BIT_FILTERS];
@@ -135,7 +165,6 @@ static int		page_size;
 
 #define PAGES_BATCH     (64 << 10)      /* 64k pages */
 static int              kpageflags_fd;
-static uint64_t         kpageflags_buf[KPF_BYTES * PAGES_BATCH];
 
 #define HASH_SHIFT      13
 #define HASH_SIZE       (1 << HASH_SHIFT)
@@ -158,12 +187,17 @@ static uint64_t 	page_flags[HASH_SIZE];
         type __min2 = (y);                      \
         __min1 < __min2 ? __min1 : __min2; })
 
-unsigned long pages2mb(unsigned long pages)
+#define max_t(type, x, y) ({                    \
+        type __max1 = (x);                      \
+        type __max2 = (y);                      \
+        __max1 > __max2 ? __max1 : __max2; })
+
+static unsigned long pages2mb(unsigned long pages)
 {
         return (pages * page_size) >> 20;
 }
 
-void fatal(const char *x, ...)
+static void fatal(const char *x, ...)
 {
         va_list ap;
 
@@ -178,7 +212,7 @@ void fatal(const char *x, ...)
  * page flag names
  */
 
-char *page_flag_name(uint64_t flags)
+static char *page_flag_name(uint64_t flags)
 {
         static char buf[65];
         int present;
@@ -197,7 +231,7 @@ char *page_flag_name(uint64_t flags)
         return buf;
 }
 
-char *page_flag_longname(uint64_t flags)
+static char *page_flag_longname(uint64_t flags)
 {
         static char buf[1024];
         int i, n;
@@ -221,32 +255,40 @@ char *page_flag_longname(uint64_t flags)
  * page list and summary
  */
 
-void show_page_range(unsigned long offset, uint64_t flags)
+static void show_page_range(unsigned long offset, uint64_t flags)
 {
         static uint64_t      flags0;
+        static unsigned long voff;
         static unsigned long index;
         static unsigned long count;
 
-        if (flags == flags0 && offset == index + count) {
+        if (flags == flags0 && offset == index + count &&
+            (!opt_pid || voffset == voff + count)) {
                 count++;
                 return;
         }
 
-        if (count)
-                printf("%lu\t%lu\t%s\n",
+        if (count) {
+                if (opt_pid)
+                        printf("%lx\t", voff);
+                printf("%lx\t%lx\t%s\n",
                                 index, count, page_flag_name(flags0));
+        }
 
         flags0 = flags;
         index  = offset;
+        voff   = voffset;
         count  = 1;
 }
 
-void show_page(unsigned long offset, uint64_t flags)
+static void show_page(unsigned long offset, uint64_t flags)
 {
-        printf("%lu\t%s\n", offset, page_flag_name(flags));
+        if (opt_pid)
+                printf("%lx\t", voffset);
+        printf("%lx\t%s\n", offset, page_flag_name(flags));
 }
 
-void show_summary(void)
+static void show_summary(void)
 {
         int i;
 
@@ -272,7 +314,7 @@ void show_summary(void)
  * page flag filters
  */
 
-int bit_mask_ok(uint64_t flags)
+static int bit_mask_ok(uint64_t flags)
 {
         int i;
 
@@ -289,7 +331,7 @@ int bit_mask_ok(uint64_t flags)
         return 1;
 }
 
-uint64_t expand_overloaded_flags(uint64_t flags)
+static uint64_t expand_overloaded_flags(uint64_t flags)
 {
         /* SLOB/SLUB overload several page flags */
         if (flags & BIT(SLAB)) {
@@ -308,7 +350,7 @@ uint64_t expand_overloaded_flags(uint64_t flags)
         return flags;
 }
 
-uint64_t well_known_flags(uint64_t flags)
+static uint64_t well_known_flags(uint64_t flags)
 {
         /* hide flags intended only for kernel hacker */
         flags &= ~KPF_HACKERS_BITS;
@@ -325,7 +367,7 @@ uint64_t well_known_flags(uint64_t flags)
  * page frame walker
  */
 
-int hash_slot(uint64_t flags)
+static int hash_slot(uint64_t flags)
 {
         int k = HASH_KEY(flags);
         int i;
@@ -352,7 +394,7 @@ int hash_slot(uint64_t flags)
         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 }
 
-void add_page(unsigned long offset, uint64_t flags)
+static void add_page(unsigned long offset, uint64_t flags)
 {
         flags = expand_overloaded_flags(flags);
 
@@ -371,7 +413,7 @@ void add_page(unsigned long offset, uint64_t flags)
         total_pages++;
 }
 
-void walk_pfn(unsigned long index, unsigned long count)
+static void walk_pfn(unsigned long index, unsigned long count)
 {
         unsigned long batch;
         unsigned long n;
@@ -383,6 +425,8 @@ void walk_pfn(unsigned long index, unsigned long count)
         lseek(kpageflags_fd, index * KPF_BYTES, SEEK_SET);
 
         while (count) {
+                uint64_t kpageflags_buf[KPF_BYTES * PAGES_BATCH];
+
                 batch = min_t(unsigned long, count, PAGES_BATCH);
                 n = read(kpageflags_fd, kpageflags_buf, batch * KPF_BYTES);
                 if (n == 0)
@@ -404,7 +448,82 @@ void walk_pfn(unsigned long index, unsigned long count)
         }
 }
 
-void walk_addr_ranges(void)
+
+#define PAGEMAP_BATCH   4096
+static unsigned long task_pfn(unsigned long pgoff)
+{
+        static uint64_t buf[PAGEMAP_BATCH];
+        static unsigned long start;
+        static long count;
+        uint64_t pfn;
+
+        if (pgoff < start || pgoff >= start + count) {
+                if (lseek64(pagemap_fd,
+                            (uint64_t)pgoff * PM_ENTRY_BYTES,
+                            SEEK_SET) < 0) {
+                        perror("pagemap seek");
+                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+                }
+                count = read(pagemap_fd, buf, sizeof(buf));
+                if (count == 0)
+                        return 0;
+                if (count < 0) {
+                        perror("pagemap read");
+                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+                }
+                if (count % PM_ENTRY_BYTES) {
+                        fatal("pagemap read not aligned.\n");
+                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+                }
+                count /= PM_ENTRY_BYTES;
+                start = pgoff;
+        }
+
+        pfn = buf[pgoff - start];
+        if (pfn & PM_PRESENT)
+                pfn = PM_PFRAME(pfn);
+        else
+                pfn = 0;
+
+        return pfn;
+}
+
+static void walk_task(unsigned long index, unsigned long count)
+{
+        int i = 0;
+        const unsigned long end = index + count;
+
+        while (index < end) {
+
+                while (pg_end[i] <= index)
+                        if (++i >= nr_vmas)
+                                return;
+                if (pg_start[i] >= end)
+                        return;
+
+                voffset = max_t(unsigned long, pg_start[i], index);
+                index   = min_t(unsigned long, pg_end[i], end);
+
+                assert(voffset < index);
+                for (; voffset < index; voffset++) {
+                        unsigned long pfn = task_pfn(voffset);
+                        if (pfn)
+                                walk_pfn(pfn, 1);
+                }
+        }
+}
+
+static void add_addr_range(unsigned long offset, unsigned long size)
+{
+        if (nr_addr_ranges >= MAX_ADDR_RANGES)
+                fatal("too many addr ranges\n");
+
+        opt_offset[nr_addr_ranges] = offset;
+        opt_size[nr_addr_ranges] = min_t(unsigned long, size, ULONG_MAX-offset);
+        nr_addr_ranges++;
+}
+
+static void walk_addr_ranges(void)
 {
         int i;
 
@@ -415,10 +534,13 @@ void walk_addr_ranges(void)
         }
 
         if (!nr_addr_ranges)
-                walk_pfn(0, ULONG_MAX);
+                add_addr_range(0, ULONG_MAX);
 
         for (i = 0; i < nr_addr_ranges; i++)
-                walk_pfn(opt_offset[i], opt_size[i]);
+                if (!opt_pid)
+                        walk_pfn(opt_offset[i], opt_size[i]);
+                else
+                        walk_task(opt_offset[i], opt_size[i]);
 
         close(kpageflags_fd);
 }
@@ -428,7 +550,7 @@ void walk_addr_ranges(void)
  * user interface
  */
 
-const char *page_flag_type(uint64_t flag)
+static const char *page_flag_type(uint64_t flag)
 {
         if (flag & KPF_HACKERS_BITS)
                 return "(r)";
@@ -437,7 +559,7 @@ const char *page_flag_type(uint64_t flag)
         return "   ";
 }
 
-void usage(void)
+static void usage(void)
 {
         int i, j;
 
@@ -446,8 +568,8 @@ void usage(void)
 "            -r|--raw                  Raw mode, for kernel developers\n"
 "            -a|--addr    addr-spec    Walk a range of pages\n"
 "            -b|--bits    bits-spec    Walk pages with specified bits\n"
-#if 0 /* planned features */
 "            -p|--pid     pid          Walk process address space\n"
+#if 0 /* planned features */
 "            -f|--file    filename     Walk file address space\n"
 #endif
 "            -l|--list                 Show page details in ranges\n"
@@ -459,7 +581,7 @@ void usage(void)
 "            N+M                       pages range from N to N+M-1\n"
 "            N,M                       pages range from N to M-1\n"
 "            N,                        pages range from N to end\n"
-"            ,M                        pages range from 0 to M\n"
+"            ,M                        pages range from 0 to M-1\n"
 "bits-spec:\n"
 "            bit1,bit2                 (flags & (bit1|bit2)) != 0\n"
 "            bit1,bit2=bit1            (flags & (bit1|bit2)) == bit1\n"
@@ -482,7 +604,7 @@ void usage(void)
                 "(r) raw mode bits  (o) overloaded bits\n");
 }
 
-unsigned long long parse_number(const char *str)
+static unsigned long long parse_number(const char *str)
 {
         unsigned long long n;
 
@@ -494,26 +616,62 @@ unsigned long long parse_number(const char *str)
         return n;
 }
 
-void parse_pid(const char *str)
+static void parse_pid(const char *str)
 {
+        FILE *file;
+        char buf[5000];
+
         opt_pid = parse_number(str);
-}
 
-void parse_file(const char *name)
-{
+        sprintf(buf, "/proc/%d/pagemap", opt_pid);
+        pagemap_fd = open(buf, O_RDONLY);
+        if (pagemap_fd < 0) {
+                perror(buf);
+                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+
+        sprintf(buf, "/proc/%d/maps", opt_pid);
+        file = fopen(buf, "r");
+        if (!file) {
+                perror(buf);
+                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+
+        while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), file) != NULL) {
+                unsigned long vm_start;
+                unsigned long vm_end;
+                unsigned long long pgoff;
+                int major, minor;
+                char r, w, x, s;
+                unsigned long ino;
+                int n;
+
+                n = sscanf(buf, "%lx-%lx %c%c%c%c %llx %x:%x %lu",
+                           &vm_start,
+                           &vm_end,
+                           &r, &w, &x, &s,
+                           &pgoff,
+                           &major, &minor,
+                           &ino);
+                if (n < 10) {
+                        fprintf(stderr, "unexpected line: %s\n", buf);
+                        continue;
+                }
+                pg_start[nr_vmas] = vm_start / page_size;
+                pg_end[nr_vmas] = vm_end / page_size;
+                if (++nr_vmas >= MAX_VMAS) {
+                        fprintf(stderr, "too many VMAs\n");
+                        break;
+                }
+        }
+        fclose(file);
 }
 
-void add_addr_range(unsigned long offset, unsigned long size)
+static void parse_file(const char *name)
 {
-        if (nr_addr_ranges >= MAX_ADDR_RANGES)
-                fatal("too much addr ranges\n");
-
-        opt_offset[nr_addr_ranges] = offset;
-        opt_size[nr_addr_ranges] = size;
-        nr_addr_ranges++;
 }
 
-void parse_addr_range(const char *optarg)
+static void parse_addr_range(const char *optarg)
 {
         unsigned long offset;
         unsigned long size;
@@ -547,7 +705,7 @@ void parse_addr_range(const char *optarg)
         add_addr_range(offset, size);
 }
 
-void add_bits_filter(uint64_t mask, uint64_t bits)
+static void add_bits_filter(uint64_t mask, uint64_t bits)
 {
         if (nr_bit_filters >= MAX_BIT_FILTERS)
                 fatal("too much bit filters\n");
@@ -557,7 +715,7 @@ void add_bits_filter(uint64_t mask, uint64_t bits)
         nr_bit_filters++;
 }
 
-uint64_t parse_flag_name(const char *str, int len)
+static uint64_t parse_flag_name(const char *str, int len)
 {
         int i;
 
@@ -577,7 +735,7 @@ uint64_t parse_flag_name(const char *str, int len)
         return parse_number(str);
 }
 
-uint64_t parse_flag_names(const char *str, int all)
+static uint64_t parse_flag_names(const char *str, int all)
 {
         const char *p    = str;
         uint64_t   flags = 0;
@@ -596,7 +754,7 @@ uint64_t parse_flag_names(const char *str, int all)
         return flags;
 }
 
-void parse_bits_mask(const char *optarg)
+static void parse_bits_mask(const char *optarg)
 {
         uint64_t mask;
         uint64_t bits;
@@ -621,7 +779,7 @@ void parse_bits_mask(const char *optarg)
 }
 
 
-struct option opts[] = {
+static struct option opts[] = {
         { "raw"       , 0, NULL, 'r' },
         { "pid"       , 1, NULL, 'p' },
         { "file"      , 1, NULL, 'f' },
@@ -676,8 +834,10 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
                 }
         }
 
+        if (opt_list && opt_pid)
+                printf("voffset\t");
         if (opt_list == 1)
-                printf("offset\tcount\tflags\n");
+                printf("offset\tlen\tflags\n");
         if (opt_list == 2)
                 printf("offset\tflags\n");
 
diff --git a/Documentation/vm/slabinfo.c b/Documentation/vm/slabinfo.c
index df3227605d59..92e729f4b676 100644
--- a/Documentation/vm/slabinfo.c
+++ b/Documentation/vm/slabinfo.c
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ int page_size;
 
 regex_t pattern;
 
-void fatal(const char *x, ...)
+static void fatal(const char *x, ...)
 {
         va_list ap;
 
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ void fatal(const char *x, ...)
         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 }
 
-void usage(void)
+static void usage(void)
 {
         printf("slabinfo 5/7/2007. (c) 2007 sgi.\n\n"
                 "slabinfo [-ahnpvtsz] [-d debugopts] [slab-regexp]\n"
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ void usage(void)
         );
 }
 
-unsigned long read_obj(const char *name)
+static unsigned long read_obj(const char *name)
 {
         FILE *f = fopen(name, "r");
 
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ unsigned long read_obj(const char *name)
 /*
  * Get the contents of an attribute
  */
-unsigned long get_obj(const char *name)
+static unsigned long get_obj(const char *name)
 {
         if (!read_obj(name))
                 return 0;
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ unsigned long get_obj(const char *name)
         return atol(buffer);
 }
 
-unsigned long get_obj_and_str(const char *name, char **x)
+static unsigned long get_obj_and_str(const char *name, char **x)
 {
         unsigned long result = 0;
         char *p;
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ unsigned long get_obj_and_str(const char *name, char **x)
         return result;
 }
 
-void set_obj(struct slabinfo *s, const char *name, int n)
+static void set_obj(struct slabinfo *s, const char *name, int n)
 {
         char x[100];
         FILE *f;
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ void set_obj(struct slabinfo *s, const char *name, int n)
         fclose(f);
 }
 
-unsigned long read_slab_obj(struct slabinfo *s, const char *name)
+static unsigned long read_slab_obj(struct slabinfo *s, const char *name)
 {
         char x[100];
         FILE *f;
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ unsigned long read_slab_obj(struct slabinfo *s, const char *name)
 /*
  * Put a size string together
  */
-int store_size(char *buffer, unsigned long value)
+static int store_size(char *buffer, unsigned long value)
 {
         unsigned long divisor = 1;
         char trailer = 0;
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ int store_size(char *buffer, unsigned long value)
         return n;
 }
 
-void decode_numa_list(int *numa, char *t)
+static void decode_numa_list(int *numa, char *t)
 {
         int node;
         int nr;
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ void decode_numa_list(int *numa, char *t)
         }
 }
 
-void slab_validate(struct slabinfo *s)
+static void slab_validate(struct slabinfo *s)
 {
         if (strcmp(s->name, "*") == 0)
                 return;
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ void slab_validate(struct slabinfo *s)
         set_obj(s, "validate", 1);
 }
 
-void slab_shrink(struct slabinfo *s)
+static void slab_shrink(struct slabinfo *s)
 {
         if (strcmp(s->name, "*") == 0)
                 return;
@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ void slab_shrink(struct slabinfo *s)
 
 int line = 0;
 
-void first_line(void)
+static void first_line(void)
 {
         if (show_activity)
                 printf("Name                   Objects      Alloc       Free   %%Fast Fallb O\n");
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ void first_line(void)
 /*
  * Find the shortest alias of a slab
  */
-struct aliasinfo *find_one_alias(struct slabinfo *find)
+static struct aliasinfo *find_one_alias(struct slabinfo *find)
 {
         struct aliasinfo *a;
         struct aliasinfo *best = NULL;
@@ -318,18 +318,18 @@ struct aliasinfo *find_one_alias(struct slabinfo *find)
         return best;
 }
 
-unsigned long slab_size(struct slabinfo *s)
+static unsigned long slab_size(struct slabinfo *s)
 {
         return  s->slabs * (page_size << s->order);
 }
 
-unsigned long slab_activity(struct slabinfo *s)
+static unsigned long slab_activity(struct slabinfo *s)
 {
         return  s->alloc_fastpath + s->free_fastpath +
                 s->alloc_slowpath + s->free_slowpath;
 }
 
-void slab_numa(struct slabinfo *s, int mode)
+static void slab_numa(struct slabinfo *s, int mode)
 {
         int node;
 
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ void slab_numa(struct slabinfo *s, int mode)
         line++;
 }
 
-void show_tracking(struct slabinfo *s)
+static void show_tracking(struct slabinfo *s)
 {
         printf("\n%s: Kernel object allocation\n", s->name);
         printf("-----------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
@@ -392,7 +392,7 @@ void show_tracking(struct slabinfo *s)
 
 }
 
-void ops(struct slabinfo *s)
+static void ops(struct slabinfo *s)
 {
         if (strcmp(s->name, "*") == 0)
                 return;
@@ -405,14 +405,14 @@ void ops(struct slabinfo *s)
                 printf("\n%s has no kmem_cache operations\n", s->name);
 }
 
-const char *onoff(int x)
+static const char *onoff(int x)
 {
         if (x)
                 return "On ";
         return "Off";
 }
 
-void slab_stats(struct slabinfo *s)
+static void slab_stats(struct slabinfo *s)
 {
         unsigned long total_alloc;
         unsigned long total_free;
@@ -477,7 +477,7 @@ void slab_stats(struct slabinfo *s)
                         s->deactivate_to_tail, (s->deactivate_to_tail * 100) / total);
 }
 
-void report(struct slabinfo *s)
+static void report(struct slabinfo *s)
 {
         if (strcmp(s->name, "*") == 0)
                 return;
@@ -518,7 +518,7 @@ void report(struct slabinfo *s)
         slab_stats(s);
 }
 
-void slabcache(struct slabinfo *s)
+static void slabcache(struct slabinfo *s)
 {
         char size_str[20];
         char dist_str[40];
@@ -593,7 +593,7 @@ void slabcache(struct slabinfo *s)
 /*
  * Analyze debug options. Return false if something is amiss.
  */
-int debug_opt_scan(char *opt)
+static int debug_opt_scan(char *opt)
 {
         if (!opt || !opt[0] || strcmp(opt, "-") == 0)
                 return 1;
@@ -642,7 +642,7 @@ int debug_opt_scan(char *opt)
         return 1;
 }
 
-int slab_empty(struct slabinfo *s)
+static int slab_empty(struct slabinfo *s)
 {
         if (s->objects > 0)
                 return 0;
@@ -657,7 +657,7 @@ int slab_empty(struct slabinfo *s)
         return 1;
 }
 
-void slab_debug(struct slabinfo *s)
+static void slab_debug(struct slabinfo *s)
 {
         if (strcmp(s->name, "*") == 0)
                 return;
@@ -717,7 +717,7 @@ void slab_debug(struct slabinfo *s)
                 set_obj(s, "trace", 1);
 }
 
-void totals(void)
+static void totals(void)
 {
         struct slabinfo *s;
 
@@ -976,7 +976,7 @@ void totals(void)
                         b1,     b2,     b3);
 }
 
-void sort_slabs(void)
+static void sort_slabs(void)
 {
         struct slabinfo *s1,*s2;
 
@@ -1005,7 +1005,7 @@ void sort_slabs(void)
         }
 }
 
-void sort_aliases(void)
+static void sort_aliases(void)
 {
         struct aliasinfo *a1,*a2;
 
@@ -1030,7 +1030,7 @@ void sort_aliases(void)
         }
 }
 
-void link_slabs(void)
+static void link_slabs(void)
 {
         struct aliasinfo *a;
         struct slabinfo *s;
@@ -1048,7 +1048,7 @@ void link_slabs(void)
         }
 }
 
-void alias(void)
+static void alias(void)
 {
         struct aliasinfo *a;
         char *active = NULL;
@@ -1079,7 +1079,7 @@ void alias(void)
 }
 
 
-void rename_slabs(void)
+static void rename_slabs(void)
 {
         struct slabinfo *s;
         struct aliasinfo *a;
@@ -1102,12 +1102,12 @@ void rename_slabs(void)
         }
 }
 
-int slab_mismatch(char *slab)
+static int slab_mismatch(char *slab)
 {
         return regexec(&pattern, slab, 0, NULL, 0);
 }
 
-void read_slab_dir(void)
+static void read_slab_dir(void)
 {
         DIR *dir;
         struct dirent *de;
@@ -1209,7 +1209,7 @@ void read_slab_dir(void)
                 fatal("Too many aliases\n");
 }
 
-void output_slabs(void)
+static void output_slabs(void)
 {
         struct slabinfo *slab;
 
diff --git a/Documentation/w1/masters/ds2482 b/Documentation/w1/masters/ds2482
index 9210d6fa5024..299b91c7609f 100644
--- a/Documentation/w1/masters/ds2482
+++ b/Documentation/w1/masters/ds2482
@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@ General Remarks
 
 Valid addresses are 0x18, 0x19, 0x1a, and 0x1b.
 However, the device cannot be detected without writing to the i2c bus, so no
-detection is done.
-You should force the device address.
+detection is done. You should instantiate the device explicitly.
 
-$ modprobe ds2482 force=0,0x18
+$ modprobe ds2482
+$ echo ds2482 0x18 > /sys/bus/i2c/devices/i2c-0/new_device
 
diff --git a/Documentation/watchdog/src/watchdog-test.c b/Documentation/watchdog/src/watchdog-test.c
index 65f6c19cb865..a750532ffcf8 100644
--- a/Documentation/watchdog/src/watchdog-test.c
+++ b/Documentation/watchdog/src/watchdog-test.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ int fd;
  * the PC Watchdog card to reset its internal timer so it doesn't trigger
  * a computer reset.
  */
-void keep_alive(void)
+static void keep_alive(void)
 {
     int dummy;
 
diff --git a/Documentation/x86/earlyprintk.txt b/Documentation/x86/earlyprintk.txt
index 607b1a016064..f19802c0f485 100644
--- a/Documentation/x86/earlyprintk.txt
+++ b/Documentation/x86/earlyprintk.txt
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ and two USB cables, connected like this:
 
   [host/target] <-------> [USB debug key] <-------> [client/console]
 
-1. There are three specific hardware requirements:
+1. There are a number of specific hardware requirements:
 
  a.) Host/target system needs to have USB debug port capability.
 
@@ -42,7 +42,35 @@ and two USB cables, connected like this:
      This is a small blue plastic connector with two USB connections,
      it draws power from its USB connections.
 
- c.) Thirdly, you need a second client/console system with a regular USB port.
+ c.) You need a second client/console system with a high speed USB 2.0
+     port.
+
+ d.) The Netchip device must be plugged directly into the physical
+     debug port on the "host/target" system.  You cannot use a USB hub in
+     between the physical debug port and the "host/target" system.
+
+     The EHCI debug controller is bound to a specific physical USB
+     port and the Netchip device will only work as an early printk
+     device in this port.  The EHCI host controllers are electrically
+     wired such that the EHCI debug controller is hooked up to the
+     first physical and there is no way to change this via software.
+     You can find the physical port through experimentation by trying
+     each physical port on the system and rebooting.  Or you can try
+     and use lsusb or look at the kernel info messages emitted by the
+     usb stack when you plug a usb device into various ports on the
+     "host/target" system.
+
+     Some hardware vendors do not expose the usb debug port with a
+     physical connector and if you find such a device send a complaint
+     to the hardware vendor, because there is no reason not to wire
+     this port into one of the physically accessible ports.
+
+ e.) It is also important to note, that many versions of the Netchip
+     device require the "client/console" system to be plugged into the
+     right and side of the device (with the product logo facing up and
+     readable left to right).  The reason being is that the 5 volt
+     power supply is taken from only one side of the device and it
+     must be the side that does not get rebooted.
 
 2. Software requirements:
 
@@ -56,6 +84,13 @@ and two USB cables, connected like this:
     (If you are using Grub, append it to the 'kernel' line in
      /etc/grub.conf)
 
+    On systems with more than one EHCI debug controller you must
+    specify the correct EHCI debug controller number.  The ordering
+    comes from the PCI bus enumeration of the EHCI controllers.  The
+    default with no number argument is "0" the first EHCI debug
+    controller.  To use the second EHCI debug controller, you would
+    use the command line: "earlyprintk=dbgp1"
+
     NOTE: normally earlyprintk console gets turned off once the
     regular console is alive - use "earlyprintk=dbgp,keep" to keep
     this channel open beyond early bootup. This can be useful for