aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/Documentation
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
authorLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>2009-03-30 16:41:00 -0400
committerLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>2009-03-30 16:41:00 -0400
commit712b0006bf3a9ed0b14a56c3291975e582127766 (patch)
treeaff33e947673137ae21734321e1f036600297223 /Documentation
parente1c502482853f84606928f5a2f2eb6da1993cda1 (diff)
parentb0d44c0dbbd52effb731b1c0af9afd56215c48de (diff)
Merge branch 'iommu-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip
* 'iommu-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip: (60 commits) dma-debug: make memory range checks more consistent dma-debug: warn of unmapping an invalid dma address dma-debug: fix dma_debug_add_bus() definition for !CONFIG_DMA_API_DEBUG dma-debug/x86: register pci bus for dma-debug leak detection dma-debug: add a check dma memory leaks dma-debug: add checks for kernel text and rodata dma-debug: print stacktrace of mapping path on unmap error dma-debug: Documentation update dma-debug: x86 architecture bindings dma-debug: add function to dump dma mappings dma-debug: add checks for sync_single_sg_* dma-debug: add checks for sync_single_range_* dma-debug: add checks for sync_single_* dma-debug: add checking for [alloc|free]_coherent dma-debug: add add checking for map/unmap_sg dma-debug: add checking for map/unmap_page/single dma-debug: add core checking functions dma-debug: add debugfs interface dma-debug: add kernel command line parameters dma-debug: add initialization code ... Fix trivial conflicts due to whitespace changes in arch/x86/kernel/pci-nommu.c
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation')
-rw-r--r--Documentation/DMA-API.txt106
-rw-r--r--Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt10
2 files changed, 116 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/DMA-API.txt b/Documentation/DMA-API.txt
index 2a3fcc55e981..d9aa43d78bcc 100644
--- a/Documentation/DMA-API.txt
+++ b/Documentation/DMA-API.txt
@@ -609,3 +609,109 @@ size is the size (and should be a page-sized multiple).
609The return value will be either a pointer to the processor virtual 609The return value will be either a pointer to the processor virtual
610address of the memory, or an error (via PTR_ERR()) if any part of the 610address of the memory, or an error (via PTR_ERR()) if any part of the
611region is occupied. 611region is occupied.
612
613Part III - Debug drivers use of the DMA-API
614-------------------------------------------
615
616The DMA-API as described above as some constraints. DMA addresses must be
617released with the corresponding function with the same size for example. With
618the advent of hardware IOMMUs it becomes more and more important that drivers
619do not violate those constraints. In the worst case such a violation can
620result in data corruption up to destroyed filesystems.
621
622To debug drivers and find bugs in the usage of the DMA-API checking code can
623be compiled into the kernel which will tell the developer about those
624violations. If your architecture supports it you can select the "Enable
625debugging of DMA-API usage" option in your kernel configuration. Enabling this
626option has a performance impact. Do not enable it in production kernels.
627
628If you boot the resulting kernel will contain code which does some bookkeeping
629about what DMA memory was allocated for which device. If this code detects an
630error it prints a warning message with some details into your kernel log. An
631example warning message may look like this:
632
633------------[ cut here ]------------
634WARNING: at /data2/repos/linux-2.6-iommu/lib/dma-debug.c:448
635 check_unmap+0x203/0x490()
636Hardware name:
637forcedeth 0000:00:08.0: DMA-API: device driver frees DMA memory with wrong
638 function [device address=0x00000000640444be] [size=66 bytes] [mapped as
639single] [unmapped as page]
640Modules linked in: nfsd exportfs bridge stp llc r8169
641Pid: 0, comm: swapper Tainted: G W 2.6.28-dmatest-09289-g8bb99c0 #1
642Call Trace:
643 <IRQ> [<ffffffff80240b22>] warn_slowpath+0xf2/0x130
644 [<ffffffff80647b70>] _spin_unlock+0x10/0x30
645 [<ffffffff80537e75>] usb_hcd_link_urb_to_ep+0x75/0xc0
646 [<ffffffff80647c22>] _spin_unlock_irqrestore+0x12/0x40
647 [<ffffffff8055347f>] ohci_urb_enqueue+0x19f/0x7c0
648 [<ffffffff80252f96>] queue_work+0x56/0x60
649 [<ffffffff80237e10>] enqueue_task_fair+0x20/0x50
650 [<ffffffff80539279>] usb_hcd_submit_urb+0x379/0xbc0
651 [<ffffffff803b78c3>] cpumask_next_and+0x23/0x40
652 [<ffffffff80235177>] find_busiest_group+0x207/0x8a0
653 [<ffffffff8064784f>] _spin_lock_irqsave+0x1f/0x50
654 [<ffffffff803c7ea3>] check_unmap+0x203/0x490
655 [<ffffffff803c8259>] debug_dma_unmap_page+0x49/0x50
656 [<ffffffff80485f26>] nv_tx_done_optimized+0xc6/0x2c0
657 [<ffffffff80486c13>] nv_nic_irq_optimized+0x73/0x2b0
658 [<ffffffff8026df84>] handle_IRQ_event+0x34/0x70
659 [<ffffffff8026ffe9>] handle_edge_irq+0xc9/0x150
660 [<ffffffff8020e3ab>] do_IRQ+0xcb/0x1c0
661 [<ffffffff8020c093>] ret_from_intr+0x0/0xa
662 <EOI> <4>---[ end trace f6435a98e2a38c0e ]---
663
664The driver developer can find the driver and the device including a stacktrace
665of the DMA-API call which caused this warning.
666
667Per default only the first error will result in a warning message. All other
668errors will only silently counted. This limitation exist to prevent the code
669from flooding your kernel log. To support debugging a device driver this can
670be disabled via debugfs. See the debugfs interface documentation below for
671details.
672
673The debugfs directory for the DMA-API debugging code is called dma-api/. In
674this directory the following files can currently be found:
675
676 dma-api/all_errors This file contains a numeric value. If this
677 value is not equal to zero the debugging code
678 will print a warning for every error it finds
679 into the kernel log. Be carefull with this
680 option. It can easily flood your logs.
681
682 dma-api/disabled This read-only file contains the character 'Y'
683 if the debugging code is disabled. This can
684 happen when it runs out of memory or if it was
685 disabled at boot time
686
687 dma-api/error_count This file is read-only and shows the total
688 numbers of errors found.
689
690 dma-api/num_errors The number in this file shows how many
691 warnings will be printed to the kernel log
692 before it stops. This number is initialized to
693 one at system boot and be set by writing into
694 this file
695
696 dma-api/min_free_entries
697 This read-only file can be read to get the
698 minimum number of free dma_debug_entries the
699 allocator has ever seen. If this value goes
700 down to zero the code will disable itself
701 because it is not longer reliable.
702
703 dma-api/num_free_entries
704 The current number of free dma_debug_entries
705 in the allocator.
706
707If you have this code compiled into your kernel it will be enabled by default.
708If you want to boot without the bookkeeping anyway you can provide
709'dma_debug=off' as a boot parameter. This will disable DMA-API debugging.
710Notice that you can not enable it again at runtime. You have to reboot to do
711so.
712
713When the code disables itself at runtime this is most likely because it ran
714out of dma_debug_entries. These entries are preallocated at boot. The number
715of preallocated entries is defined per architecture. If it is too low for you
716boot with 'dma_debug_entries=<your_desired_number>' to overwrite the
717architectural default.
diff --git a/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt b/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
index be3bde51b564..aeedb89a307a 100644
--- a/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
+++ b/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
@@ -492,6 +492,16 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file
492 Range: 0 - 8192 492 Range: 0 - 8192
493 Default: 64 493 Default: 64
494 494
495 dma_debug=off If the kernel is compiled with DMA_API_DEBUG support
496 this option disables the debugging code at boot.
497
498 dma_debug_entries=<number>
499 This option allows to tune the number of preallocated
500 entries for DMA-API debugging code. One entry is
501 required per DMA-API allocation. Use this if the
502 DMA-API debugging code disables itself because the
503 architectural default is too low.
504
495 hpet= [X86-32,HPET] option to control HPET usage 505 hpet= [X86-32,HPET] option to control HPET usage
496 Format: { enable (default) | disable | force | 506 Format: { enable (default) | disable | force |
497 verbose } 507 verbose }