diff options
author | Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org> | 2008-05-19 18:00:24 -0400 |
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committer | Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de> | 2008-07-21 18:15:55 -0400 |
commit | baad4119a3b5215a040bc221478da57c76389e34 (patch) | |
tree | ee82b73a47b555e13b37d7c9d1a7a660858d206a /Documentation | |
parent | ea05af61a874ffbc158d9cf06df8a9396f299f38 (diff) |
USB: remove Documentation/usb/uhci.txt
The driver was removed before kernel 2.6.0
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation')
-rw-r--r-- | Documentation/usb/uhci.txt | 165 |
1 files changed, 0 insertions, 165 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/usb/uhci.txt b/Documentation/usb/uhci.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 2f25952c86c6..000000000000 --- a/Documentation/usb/uhci.txt +++ /dev/null | |||
@@ -1,165 +0,0 @@ | |||
1 | Specification and Internals for the New UHCI Driver (Whitepaper...) | ||
2 | |||
3 | brought to you by | ||
4 | |||
5 | Georg Acher, acher@in.tum.de (executive slave) (base guitar) | ||
6 | Deti Fliegl, deti@fliegl.de (executive slave) (lead voice) | ||
7 | Thomas Sailer, sailer@ife.ee.ethz.ch (chief consultant) (cheer leader) | ||
8 | |||
9 | $Id: README.uhci,v 1.1 1999/12/14 14:03:02 fliegl Exp $ | ||
10 | |||
11 | This document and the new uhci sources can be found on | ||
12 | http://hotswap.in.tum.de/usb | ||
13 | |||
14 | 1. General issues | ||
15 | |||
16 | 1.1 Why a new UHCI driver, we already have one?!? | ||
17 | |||
18 | Correct, but its internal structure got more and more mixed up by the (still | ||
19 | ongoing) efforts to get isochronous transfers (ISO) to work. | ||
20 | Since there is an increasing need for reliable ISO-transfers (especially | ||
21 | for USB-audio needed by TS and for a DAB-USB-Receiver build by GA and DF), | ||
22 | this state was a bit unsatisfying in our opinion, so we've decided (based | ||
23 | on knowledge and experiences with the old UHCI driver) to start | ||
24 | from scratch with a new approach, much simpler but at the same time more | ||
25 | powerful. | ||
26 | It is inspired by the way Win98/Win2000 handles USB requests via URBs, | ||
27 | but it's definitely 100% free of MS-code and doesn't crash while | ||
28 | unplugging an used ISO-device like Win98 ;-) | ||
29 | Some code for HW setup and root hub management was taken from the | ||
30 | original UHCI driver, but heavily modified to fit into the new code. | ||
31 | The invention of the basic concept, and major coding were completed in two | ||
32 | days (and nights) on the 16th and 17th of October 1999, now known as the | ||
33 | great USB-October-Revolution started by GA, DF, and TS ;-) | ||
34 | |||
35 | Since the concept is in no way UHCI dependent, we hope that it will also be | ||
36 | transferred to the OHCI-driver, so both drivers share a common API. | ||
37 | |||
38 | 1.2. Advantages and disadvantages | ||
39 | |||
40 | + All USB transfer types work now! | ||
41 | + Asynchronous operation | ||
42 | + Simple, but powerful interface (only two calls for start and cancel) | ||
43 | + Easy migration to the new API, simplified by a compatibility API | ||
44 | + Simple usage of ISO transfers | ||
45 | + Automatic linking of requests | ||
46 | + ISO transfers allow variable length for each frame and striping | ||
47 | + No CPU dependent and non-portable atomic memory access, no asm()-inlines | ||
48 | + Tested on x86 and Alpha | ||
49 | |||
50 | - Rewriting for ISO transfers needed | ||
51 | |||
52 | 1.3. Is there some compatibility to the old API? | ||
53 | |||
54 | Yes, but only for control, bulk and interrupt transfers. We've implemented | ||
55 | some wrapper calls for these transfer types. The usbcore works fine with | ||
56 | these wrappers. For ISO there's no compatibility, because the old ISO-API | ||
57 | and its semantics were unnecessary complicated in our opinion. | ||
58 | |||
59 | 1.4. What's really working? | ||
60 | |||
61 | As said above, CTRL and BULK already work fine even with the wrappers, | ||
62 | so legacy code wouldn't notice the change. | ||
63 | Regarding to Thomas, ISO transfers now run stable with USB audio. | ||
64 | INT transfers (e.g. mouse driver) work fine, too. | ||
65 | |||
66 | 1.5. Are there any bugs? | ||
67 | |||
68 | No ;-) | ||
69 | Hm... | ||
70 | Well, of course this implementation needs extensive testing on all available | ||
71 | hardware, but we believe that any fixes shouldn't harm the overall concept. | ||
72 | |||
73 | 1.6. What should be done next? | ||
74 | |||
75 | A large part of the request handling seems to be identical for UHCI and | ||
76 | OHCI, so it would be a good idea to extract the common parts and have only | ||
77 | the HW specific stuff in uhci.c. Furthermore, all other USB device drivers | ||
78 | should need URBification, if they use isochronous or interrupt transfers. | ||
79 | One thing missing in the current implementation (and the old UHCI driver) | ||
80 | is fair queueing for BULK transfers. Since this would need (in principle) | ||
81 | the alteration of already constructed TD chains (to switch from depth to | ||
82 | breadth execution), another way has to be found. Maybe some simple | ||
83 | heuristics work with the same effect. | ||
84 | |||
85 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ||
86 | |||
87 | 2. Internal structure and mechanisms | ||
88 | |||
89 | To get quickly familiar with the internal structures, here's a short | ||
90 | description how the new UHCI driver works. However, the ultimate source of | ||
91 | truth is only uhci.c! | ||
92 | |||
93 | 2.1. Descriptor structure (QHs and TDs) | ||
94 | |||
95 | During initialization, the following skeleton is allocated in init_skel: | ||
96 | |||
97 | framespecific | common chain | ||
98 | |||
99 | framelist[] | ||
100 | [ 0 ]-----> TD --> TD -------\ | ||
101 | [ 1 ]-----> TD --> TD --------> TD ----> QH -------> QH -------> QH ---> NULL | ||
102 | ... TD --> TD -------/ | ||
103 | [1023]-----> TD --> TD ------/ | ||
104 | |||
105 | ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ | ||
106 | 1024 TDs for 7 TDs for 1 TD for Start of Start of End Chain | ||
107 | ISO INT (2-128ms) 1ms-INT CTRL Chain BULK Chain | ||
108 | |||
109 | For each CTRL or BULK transfer a new QH is allocated and the containing data | ||
110 | transfers are appended as (vertical) TDs. After building the whole QH with its | ||
111 | dangling TDs, the QH is inserted before the BULK Chain QH (for CTRL) or | ||
112 | before the End Chain QH (for BULK). Since only the QH->next pointers are | ||
113 | affected, no atomic memory operation is required. The three QHs in the | ||
114 | common chain are never equipped with TDs! | ||
115 | |||
116 | For ISO or INT, the TD for each frame is simply inserted into the appropriate | ||
117 | ISO/INT-TD-chain for the desired frame. The 7 skeleton INT-TDs are scattered | ||
118 | among the 1024 frames similar to the old UHCI driver. | ||
119 | |||
120 | For CTRL/BULK/ISO, the last TD in the transfer has the IOC-bit set. For INT, | ||
121 | every TD (there is only one...) has the IOC-bit set. | ||
122 | |||
123 | Besides the data for the UHCI controller (2 or 4 32bit words), the descriptors | ||
124 | are double-linked through the .vertical and .horizontal elements in the | ||
125 | SW data of the descriptor (using the double-linked list structures and | ||
126 | operations), but SW-linking occurs only in closed domains, i.e. for each of | ||
127 | the 1024 ISO-chains and the 8 INT-chains there is a closed cycle. This | ||
128 | simplifies all insertions and unlinking operations and avoids costly | ||
129 | bus_to_virt()-calls. | ||
130 | |||
131 | 2.2. URB structure and linking to QH/TDs | ||
132 | |||
133 | During assembly of the QH and TDs of the requested action, these descriptors | ||
134 | are stored in urb->urb_list, so the allocated QH/TD descriptors are bound to | ||
135 | this URB. | ||
136 | If the assembly was successful and the descriptors were added to the HW chain, | ||
137 | the corresponding URB is inserted into a global URB list for this controller. | ||
138 | This list stores all pending URBs. | ||
139 | |||
140 | 2.3. Interrupt processing | ||
141 | |||
142 | Since UHCI provides no means to directly detect completed transactions, the | ||
143 | following is done in each UHCI interrupt (uhci_interrupt()): | ||
144 | |||
145 | For each URB in the pending queue (process_urb()), the ACTIVE-flag of the | ||
146 | associated TDs are processed (depending on the transfer type | ||
147 | process_{transfer|interrupt|iso}()). If the TDs are not active anymore, | ||
148 | they indicate the completion of the transaction and the status is calculated. | ||
149 | Inactive QH/TDs are removed from the HW chain (since the host controller | ||
150 | already removed the TDs from the QH, no atomic access is needed) and | ||
151 | eventually the URB is marked as completed (OK or errors) and removed from the | ||
152 | pending queue. Then the next linked URB is submitted. After (or immediately | ||
153 | before) that, the completion handler is called. | ||
154 | |||
155 | 2.4. Unlinking URBs | ||
156 | |||
157 | First, all QH/TDs stored in the URB are unlinked from the HW chain. | ||
158 | To ensure that the host controller really left a vertical TD chain, we | ||
159 | wait for one frame. After that, the TDs are physically destroyed. | ||
160 | |||
161 | 2.5. URB linking and the consequences | ||
162 | |||
163 | Since URBs can be linked and the corresponding submit_urb is called in | ||
164 | the UHCI-interrupt, all work associated with URB/QH/TD assembly has to be | ||
165 | interrupt save. This forces kmalloc to use GFP_ATOMIC in the interrupt. | ||