Linux-2.6.12-rc2v2.6.12-rc2

Initial git repository build. I'm not bothering with the full history,
even though we have it. We can create a separate "historical" git
archive of that later if we want to, and in the meantime it's about
3.2GB when imported into git - space that would just make the early
git days unnecessarily complicated, when we don't have a lot of good
infrastructure for it.

Let it rip!

1 files changed, 124 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/Documentation/firmware_class/README b/Documentation/firmware_class/README
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+
+ request_firmware() hotplug interface:
+ ------------------------------------
+        Copyright (C) 2003 Manuel Estrada Sainz <ranty@debian.org>
+
+ Why:
+ ---
+
+ Today, the most extended way to use firmware in the Linux kernel is linking
+ it statically in a header file. Which has political and technical issues:
+
+  1) Some firmware is not legal to redistribute.
+  2) The firmware occupies memory permanently, even though it often is just
+     used once.
+  3) Some people, like the Debian crowd, don't consider some firmware free
+     enough and remove entire drivers (e.g.: keyspan).
+
+ High level behavior (mixed):
+ ============================
+
+ kernel(driver): calls request_firmware(&fw_entry, $FIRMWARE, device)
+
+ userspace:
+        - /sys/class/firmware/xxx/{loading,data} appear.
+        - hotplug gets called with a firmware identifier in $FIRMWARE
+          and the usual hotplug environment.
+                - hotplug: echo 1 > /sys/class/firmware/xxx/loading
+
+ kernel: Discard any previous partial load.
+
+ userspace:
+                - hotplug: cat appropriate_firmware_image > \
+                                        /sys/class/firmware/xxx/data
+
+ kernel: grows a buffer in PAGE_SIZE increments to hold the image as it
+         comes in.
+
+ userspace:
+                - hotplug: echo 0 > /sys/class/firmware/xxx/loading
+
+ kernel: request_firmware() returns and the driver has the firmware
+         image in fw_entry->{data,size}. If something went wrong
+         request_firmware() returns non-zero and fw_entry is set to
+         NULL.
+
+ kernel(driver): Driver code calls release_firmware(fw_entry) releasing
+                 the firmware image and any related resource.
+
+ High level behavior (driver code):
+ ==================================
+
+         if(request_firmware(&fw_entry, $FIRMWARE, device) == 0)
+                copy_fw_to_device(fw_entry->data, fw_entry->size);
+         release(fw_entry);
+
+ Sample/simple hotplug script:
+ ============================
+
+        # Both $DEVPATH and $FIRMWARE are already provided in the environment.
+
+        HOTPLUG_FW_DIR=/usr/lib/hotplug/firmware/
+
+        echo 1 > /sys/$DEVPATH/loading
+        cat $HOTPLUG_FW_DIR/$FIRMWARE > /sysfs/$DEVPATH/data
+        echo 0 > /sys/$DEVPATH/loading
+
+ Random notes:
+ ============
+
+ - "echo -1 > /sys/class/firmware/xxx/loading" will cancel the load at
+   once and make request_firmware() return with error.
+
+ - firmware_data_read() and firmware_loading_show() are just provided
+   for testing and completeness, they are not called in normal use.
+
+ - There is also /sys/class/firmware/timeout which holds a timeout in
+   seconds for the whole load operation.
+
+ - request_firmware_nowait() is also provided for convenience in
+   non-user contexts.
+
+
+ about in-kernel persistence:
+ ---------------------------
+ Under some circumstances, as explained below, it would be interesting to keep
+ firmware images in non-swappable kernel memory or even in the kernel image
+ (probably within initramfs).
+
+ Note that this functionality has not been implemented.
+
+ - Why OPTIONAL in-kernel persistence may be a good idea sometimes:
+ 
+        - If the device that needs the firmware is needed to access the
+          filesystem. When upon some error the device has to be reset and the
+          firmware reloaded, it won't be possible to get it from userspace.
+          e.g.:
+                - A diskless client with a network card that needs firmware.
+                - The filesystem is stored in a disk behind an scsi device
+                  that needs firmware.
+        - Replacing buggy DSDT/SSDT ACPI tables on boot.
+          Note: this would require the persistent objects to be included
+          within the kernel image, probably within initramfs.
+          
+   And the same device can be needed to access the filesystem or not depending
+   on the setup, so I think that the choice on what firmware to make
+   persistent should be left to userspace.
+
+ - Why register_firmware()+__init can be useful:
+        - For boot devices needing firmware.
+        - To make the transition easier:
+                The firmware can be declared __init and register_firmware()
+                called on module_init. Then the firmware is warranted to be
+                there even if "firmware hotplug userspace" is not there yet or
+                it doesn't yet provide the needed firmware.
+                Once the firmware is widely available in userspace, it can be
+                removed from the kernel. Or made optional (CONFIG_.*_FIRMWARE).
+
+        In either case, if firmware hotplug support is there, it can move the
+        firmware out of kernel memory into the real filesystem for later
+        usage.
+
+        Note: If persistence is implemented on top of initramfs,
+        register_firmware() may not be appropriate.
+