/*P:050 Lguest guests use a very simple bus for devices. It's a simple array
* of device descriptors contained just above the top of normal memory. The
* lguest bus is 80% tedious boilerplate code. :*/
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/bootmem.h>
#include <linux/lguest_bus.h>
#include <asm/io.h>
#include <asm/paravirt.h>
struct lguest_device_desc *lguest_devices;
static ssize_t type_show(struct device *_dev,
struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
struct lguest_device *dev = container_of(_dev,struct lguest_device,dev);
return sprintf(buf, "%hu", lguest_devices[dev->index].type);
}
static ssize_t features_show(struct device *_dev,
struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
struct lguest_device *dev = container_of(_dev,struct lguest_device,dev);
return sprintf(buf, "%hx", lguest_devices[dev->index].features);
}
static ssize_t pfn_show(struct device *_dev,
struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
struct lguest_device *dev = container_of(_dev,struct lguest_device,dev);
return sprintf(buf, "%u", lguest_devices[dev->index].pfn);
}
static ssize_t status_show(struct device *_dev,
struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
struct lguest_device *dev = container_of(_dev,struct lguest_device,dev);
return sprintf(buf, "%hx", lguest_devices[dev->index].status);
}
static ssize_t status_store(struct device *_dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
const char *buf, size_t count)
{
struct lguest_device *dev = container_of(_dev,struct lguest_device,dev);
if (sscanf(buf, "%hi", &lguest_devices[dev->index].status) != 1)
return -EINVAL;
return count;
}
static struct device_attribute lguest_dev_attrs[] = {
__ATTR_RO(type),
__ATTR_RO(features),
__ATTR_RO(pfn),
__ATTR(status, 0644, status_show, status_store),
__ATTR_NULL
};
/*D:130 The generic bus infrastructure requires a function which says whether a
* device matches a driver. For us, it is simple: "struct lguest_driver"
* contains a "device_type" field which indicates what type of device it can
* handle, so we just cast the args and compare: */
static int lguest_dev_match(struct device *_dev, struct device_driver *_drv)
{
struct lguest_device *dev = container_of(_dev,struct lguest_device,dev);
struct lguest_driver *drv = container_of(_drv,struct lguest_driver,drv);
return (drv->device_type == lguest_devices[dev->index].type);
}
/*:*/
struct lguest_bus {
struct bus_type bus;
struct device dev;
};
static struct lguest_bus lguest_bus = {
.bus = {
.name = "lguest",
.match = lguest_dev_match,
.dev_attrs = lguest_dev_attrs,
},
.dev = {
.parent = NULL,
.bus_id = "lguest",
}
};
/*D:140 This is the callback which occurs once the bus infrastructure matches
* up a device and driver, ie. in response to add_lguest_device() calling
* device_register(), or register_lguest_driver() calling driver_register().
*
* At the moment it's always the latter: the devices are added first, since
* scan_devices() is called from a "core_initcall", and the drivers themselves
* called later as a normal "initcall". But it would work the other way too.
*
* So now we have the happy couple, we add the status bit to indicate that we
* found a driver. If the driver truly loves the device, it will return
* happiness from its probe function (ok, perhaps this wasn't my greatest
* analogy), and we set the final "driver ok" bit so the Host sees it's all
* green. */
static int lguest_dev_probe(struct device *_dev)
{
int ret;
struct lguest_device*dev = container_of(_dev,struct lguest_device,dev);
struct lguest_driver*drv = container_of(dev->dev.driver,
struct lguest_driver, drv);
lguest_devices[dev->index].status |= LGUEST_DEVICE_S_DRIVER;
ret = drv->probe(dev);
if (ret == 0)
lguest_devices[dev->index].status |= LGUEST_DEVICE_S_DRIVER_OK;
return ret;
}
/* The last part of the bus infrastructure is the function lguest drivers use
* to register themselves. Firstly, we do nothing if there's no lguest bus
* (ie. this is not a Guest), otherwise we fill in the embedded generic "struct
* driver" fields and call the generic driver_register(). */
int register_lguest_driver(struct lguest_driver *drv)
{
if (!lguest_devices)
return 0;
drv->drv.bus = &lguest_bus.bus;
drv->drv.name = drv->name;
drv->drv.owner = drv->owner;
drv->drv.probe = lguest_dev_probe;
return driver_register(&drv->drv);
}
/* At the moment we build all the drivers into the kernel because they're so
* simple: 8144 bytes for all three of them as I type this. And as the console
* really needs to be built in, it's actually only 3527 bytes for the network
* and block drivers.
*
* If they get complex it will make sense for them to be modularized, so we
* need to explicitly export the symbol.
*
* I don't think non-GPL modules make sense, so it's a GPL-only export.
*/
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(register_lguest_driver);
/*D:120 This is the core of the lguest bus: actually adding a new device.
* It's a separate function because it's neater that way, and because an
* earlier version of the code supported hotplug and unplug. They were removed
* early on because they were never used.
*
* As Andrew Tridgell says, "Untested code is buggy code".
*
* It's worth reading this carefully: we start with an index into the array of
* "struct lguest_device_desc"s indicating the device which is new: */
static void add_lguest_device(unsigned int index)
{
struct lguest_device *new;
/* Each "struct lguest_device_desc" has a "status" field, which the
* Guest updates as the device is probed. In the worst case, the Host
* can look at these bits to tell what part of device setup failed,
* even if the console isn't available. */
lguest_devices[index].status |= LGUEST_DEVICE_S_ACKNOWLEDGE;
new = kmalloc(sizeof(struct lguest_device), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!new) {
printk(KERN_EMERG "Cannot allocate lguest device %u\n", index);
lguest_devices[index].status |= LGUEST_DEVICE_S_FAILED;
return;
}
/* The "struct lguest_device" setup is pretty straight-forward example
* code. */
new->index = index;
new->private = NULL;
memset(&new->dev, 0, sizeof(new->dev));
new->dev.parent = &lguest_bus.dev;
new->dev.bus = &lguest_bus.bus;
sprintf(new->dev.bus_id, "%u", index);
/* device_register() causes the bus infrastructure to look for a
* matching driver. */
if (device_register(&new->dev) != 0) {
printk(KERN_EMERG "Cannot register lguest device %u\n", index);
lguest_devices[index].status |= LGUEST_DEVICE_S_FAILED;
kfree(new);
}
}
/*D:110 scan_devices() simply iterates through the device array. The type 0
* is reserved to mean "no device", and anything else means we have found a
* device: add it. */
static void scan_devices(void)
{
unsigned int i;
for (i = 0; i < LGUEST_MAX_DEVICES; i++)
if (lguest_devices[i].type)
add_lguest_device(i);
}
/*D:100 Fairly early in boot, lguest_bus_init() is called to set up the lguest
* bus. We check that we are a Guest by checking paravirt_ops.name: there are
* other ways of checking, but this seems most obvious to me.
*
* So we can access the array of "struct lguest_device_desc"s easily, we map
* that memory and store the pointer in the global "lguest_devices". Then we
* register the bus with the core. Doing two registrations seems clunky to me,
* but it seems to be the correct sysfs incantation.
*
* Finally we call scan_devices() which adds all the devices found in the
* "struct lguest_device_desc" array. */
static int __init lguest_bus_init(void)
{
if (strcmp(pv_info.name, "lguest") != 0)
return 0;
/* Devices are in a single page above top of "normal" mem */
lguest_devices = lguest_map(max_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT, 1);
if (bus_register(&lguest_bus.bus) != 0
|| device_register(&lguest_bus.dev) != 0)
panic("lguest bus registration failed");
scan_devices();
return 0;
}
/* Do this after core stuff, before devices. */
postcore_initcall(lguest_bus_init);
