/*
* Copyright (C) 1995 Linus Torvalds
*
* Support of BIGMEM added by Gerhard Wichert, Siemens AG, July 1999
*
* Memory region support
* David Parsons <orc@pell.chi.il.us>, July-August 1999
*
* Added E820 sanitization routine (removes overlapping memory regions);
* Brian Moyle <bmoyle@mvista.com>, February 2001
*
* Moved CPU detection code to cpu/${cpu}.c
* Patrick Mochel <mochel@osdl.org>, March 2002
*
* Provisions for empty E820 memory regions (reported by certain BIOSes).
* Alex Achenbach <xela@slit.de>, December 2002.
*
*/
/*
* This file handles the architecture-dependent parts of initialization
*/
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/mmzone.h>
#include <linux/screen_info.h>
#include <linux/ioport.h>
#include <linux/acpi.h>
#include <linux/apm_bios.h>
#include <linux/initrd.h>
#include <linux/bootmem.h>
#include <linux/seq_file.h>
#include <linux/console.h>
#include <linux/mca.h>
#include <linux/root_dev.h>
#include <linux/highmem.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/efi.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/edd.h>
#include <linux/nodemask.h>
#include <linux/kexec.h>
#include <linux/crash_dump.h>
#include <linux/dmi.h>
#include <linux/pfn.h>
#include <video/edid.h>
#include <asm/apic.h>
#include <asm/e820.h>
#include <asm/mpspec.h>
#include <asm/mmzone.h>
#include <asm/setup.h>
#include <asm/arch_hooks.h>
#include <asm/sections.h>
#include <asm/io_apic.h>
#include <asm/ist.h>
#include <asm/io.h>
#include <asm/vmi.h>
#include <setup_arch.h>
#include <bios_ebda.h>
/* This value is set up by the early boot code to point to the value
immediately after the boot time page tables. It contains a *physical*
address, and must not be in the .bss segment! */
unsigned long init_pg_tables_end __initdata = ~0UL;
int disable_pse __devinitdata = 0;
/*
* Machine setup..
*/
extern struct resource code_resource;
extern struct resource data_resource;
/* cpu data as detected by the assembly code in head.S */
struct cpuinfo_x86 new_cpu_data __cpuinitdata = { 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 1, 0, 0, -1 };
/* common cpu data for all cpus */
struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly = { 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 1, 0, 0, -1 };
EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data);
unsigned long mmu_cr4_features;
/* for MCA, but anyone else can use it if they want */
unsigned int machine_id;
#ifdef CONFIG_MCA
EXPORT_SYMBOL(machine_id);
#endif
unsigned int machine_submodel_id;
unsigned int BIOS_revision;
unsigned int mca_pentium_flag;
/* Boot loader ID as an integer, for the benefit of proc_dointvec */
int bootloader_type;
/* user-defined highmem size */
static unsigned int highmem_pages = -1;
/*
* Setup options
*/
struct screen_info screen_info;
EXPORT_SYMBOL(screen_info);
struct apm_info apm_info;
EXPORT_SYMBOL(apm_info);
struct edid_info edid_info;
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(edid_info);
struct ist_info ist_info;
#if defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI) || \
defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI_MODULE)
EXPORT_SYMBOL(ist_info);
#endif
extern void early_cpu_init(void);
extern int root_mountflags;
unsigned long saved_videomode;
#define RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK 0x07FF
#define RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG 0x8000
#define RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG 0x4000
static char __initdata command_line[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE];
struct boot_params __initdata boot_params;
#if defined(CONFIG_EDD) || defined(CONFIG_EDD_MODULE)
struct edd edd;
#ifdef CONFIG_EDD_MODULE
EXPORT_SYMBOL(edd);
#endif
/**
* copy_edd() - Copy the BIOS EDD information
* from boot_params into a safe place.
*
*/
static inline void copy_edd(void)
{
memcpy(edd.mbr_signature, boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buffer,
sizeof(edd.mbr_signature));
memcpy(edd.edd_info, boot_params.eddbuf, sizeof(edd.edd_info));
edd.mbr_signature_nr = boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buf_entries;
edd.edd_info_nr = boot_params.eddbuf_entries;
}
#else
static inline void copy_edd(void)
{
}
#endif
int __initdata user_defined_memmap = 0;
/*
* "mem=nopentium" disables the 4MB page tables.
* "mem=XXX[kKmM]" defines a memory region from HIGH_MEM
* to <mem>, overriding the bios size.
* "memmap=XXX[KkmM]@XXX[KkmM]" defines a memory region from
* <start> to <start>+<mem>, overriding the bios size.
*
* HPA tells me bootloaders need to parse mem=, so no new
* option should be mem= [also see Documentation/i386/boot.txt]
*/
static int __init parse_mem(char *arg)
{
if (!arg)
return -EINVAL;
if (strcmp(arg, "nopentium") == 0) {
clear_bit(X86_FEATURE_PSE, boot_cpu_data.x86_capability);
disable_pse = 1;
} else {
/* If the user specifies memory size, we
* limit the BIOS-provided memory map to
* that size. exactmap can be used to specify
* the exact map. mem=number can be used to
* trim the existing memory map.
*/
unsigned long long mem_size;
mem_size = memparse(arg, &arg);
limit_regions(mem_size);
user_defined_memmap = 1;
}
return 0;
}
early_param("mem", parse_mem);
#ifdef CONFIG_PROC_VMCORE
/* elfcorehdr= specifies the location of elf core header
* stored by the crashed kernel.
*/
static int __init parse_elfcorehdr(char *arg)
{
if (!arg)
return -EINVAL;
elfcorehdr_addr = memparse(arg, &arg);
return 0;
}
early_param("elfcorehdr", parse_elfcorehdr);
#endif /* CONFIG_PROC_VMCORE */
/*
* highmem=size forces highmem to be exactly 'size' bytes.
* This works even on boxes that have no highmem otherwise.
* This also works to reduce highmem size on bigger boxes.
*/
static int __init parse_highmem(char *arg)
{
if (!arg)
return -EINVAL;
highmem_pages = memparse(arg, &arg) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
return 0;
}
early_param("highmem", parse_highmem);
/*
* vmalloc=size forces the vmalloc area to be exactly 'size'
* bytes. This can be used to increase (or decrease) the
* vmalloc area - the default is 128m.
*/
static int __init parse_vmalloc(char *arg)
{
if (!arg)
return -EINVAL;
__VMALLOC_RESERVE = memparse(arg, &arg);
return 0;
}
early_param("vmalloc", parse_vmalloc);
/*
* reservetop=size reserves a hole at the top of the kernel address space which
* a hypervisor can load into later. Needed for dynamically loaded hypervisors,
* so relocating the fixmap can be done before paging initialization.
*/
static int __init parse_reservetop(char *arg)
{
unsigned long address;
if (!arg)
return -EINVAL;
address = memparse(arg, &arg);
reserve_top_address(address);
return 0;
}
early_param("reservetop", parse_reservetop);
/*
* Determine low and high memory ranges:
*/
unsigned long __init find_max_low_pfn(void)
{
unsigned long max_low_pfn;
max_low_pfn = max_pfn;
if (max_low_pfn > MAXMEM_PFN) {
if (highmem_pages == -1)
highmem_pages = max_pfn - MAXMEM_PFN;
if (highmem_pages + MAXMEM_PFN < max_pfn)
max_pfn = MAXMEM_PFN + highmem_pages;
if (highmem_pages + MAXMEM_PFN > max_pfn) {
printk("only %luMB highmem pages available, ignoring highmem size of %uMB.\n", pages_to_mb(max_pfn - MAXMEM_PFN), pages_to_mb(highmem_pages));
highmem_pages = 0;
}
max_low_pfn = MAXMEM_PFN;
#ifndef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
/* Maximum memory usable is what is directly addressable */
printk(KERN_WARNING "Warning only %ldMB will be used.\n",
MAXMEM>>20);
if (max_pfn > MAX_NONPAE_PFN)
printk(KERN_WARNING "Use a HIGHMEM64G enabled kernel.\n");
else
printk(KERN_WARNING "Use a HIGHMEM enabled kernel.\n");
max_pfn = MAXMEM_PFN;
#else /* !CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
#ifndef CONFIG_HIGHMEM64G
if (max_pfn > MAX_NONPAE_PFN) {
max_pfn = MAX_NONPAE_PFN;
printk(KERN_WARNING "Warning only 4GB will be used.\n");
printk(KERN_WARNING "Use a HIGHMEM64G enabled kernel.\n");
}
#endif /* !CONFIG_HIGHMEM64G */
#endif /* !CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
} else {
if (highmem_pages == -1)
highmem_pages = 0;
#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
if (highmem_pages >= max_pfn) {
printk(KERN_ERR "highmem size specified (%uMB) is bigger than pages available (%luMB)!.\n", pages_to_mb(highmem_pages), pages_to_mb(max_pfn));
highmem_pages = 0;
}
if (highmem_pages) {
if (max_low_pfn-highmem_pages < 64*1024*1024/PAGE_SIZE){
printk(KERN_ERR "highmem size %uMB results in smaller than 64MB lowmem, ignoring it.\n", pages_to_mb(highmem_pages));
highmem_pages = 0;
}
max_low_pfn -= highmem_pages;
}
#else
if (highmem_pages)
printk(KERN_ERR "ignoring highmem size on non-highmem kernel!\n");
#endif
}
return max_low_pfn;
}
/*
* workaround for Dell systems that neglect to reserve EBDA
*/
static void __init reserve_ebda_region(void)
{
unsigned int addr;
addr = get_bios_ebda();
if (addr)
reserve_bootmem(addr, PAGE_SIZE);
}
#ifndef CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES
void __init setup_bootmem_allocator(void);
static unsigned long __init setup_memory(void)
{
/*
* partially used pages are not usable - thus
* we are rounding upwards:
*/
min_low_pfn = PFN_UP(init_pg_tables_end);
find_max_pfn();
max_low_pfn = find_max_low_pfn();
#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
highstart_pfn = highend_pfn = max_pfn;
if (max_pfn > max_low_pfn) {
highstart_pfn = max_low_pfn;
}
printk(KERN_NOTICE "%ldMB HIGHMEM available.\n",
pages_to_mb(highend_pfn - highstart_pfn));
num_physpages = highend_pfn;
high_memory = (void *) __va(highstart_pfn * PAGE_SIZE - 1) + 1;
#else
num_physpages = max_low_pfn;
high_memory = (void *) __va(max_low_pfn * PAGE_SIZE - 1) + 1;
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_FLATMEM
max_mapnr = num_physpages;
#endif
printk(KERN_NOTICE "%ldMB LOWMEM available.\n",
pages_to_mb(max_low_pfn));
setup_bootmem_allocator();
return max_low_pfn;
}
void __init zone_sizes_init(void)
{
unsigned long max_zone_pfns[MAX_NR_ZONES];
memset(max_zone_pfns, 0, sizeof(max_zone_pfns));
max_zone_pfns[ZONE_DMA] =
virt_to_phys((char *)MAX_DMA_ADDRESS) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
max_zone_pfns[ZONE_NORMAL] = max_low_pfn;
#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
max_zone_pfns[ZONE_HIGHMEM] = highend_pfn;
add_active_range(0, 0, highend_pfn);
#else
add_active_range(0, 0, max_low_pfn);
#endif
free_area_init_nodes(max_zone_pfns);
}
#else
extern unsigned long __init setup_memory(void);
extern void zone_sizes_init(void);
#endif /* !CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES */
void __init setup_bootmem_allocator(void)
{
unsigned long bootmap_size;
/*
* Initialize the boot-time allocator (with low memory only):
*/
bootmap_size = init_bootmem(min_low_pfn, max_low_pfn);
register_bootmem_low_pages(max_low_pfn);
/*
* Reserve the bootmem bitmap itself as well. We do this in two
* steps (first step was init_bootmem()) because this catches
* the (very unlikely) case of us accidentally initializing the
* bootmem allocator with an invalid RAM area.
*/
reserve_bootmem(__pa_symbol(_text), (PFN_PHYS(min_low_pfn) +
bootmap_size + PAGE_SIZE-1) - __pa_symbol(_text));
/*
* reserve physical page 0 - it's a special BIOS page on many boxes,
* enabling clean reboots, SMP operation, laptop functions.
*/
reserve_bootmem(0, PAGE_SIZE);
/* reserve EBDA region, it's a 4K region */
reserve_ebda_region();
/* could be an AMD 768MPX chipset. Reserve a page before VGA to prevent
PCI prefetch into it (errata #56). Usually the page is reserved anyways,
unless you have no PS/2 mouse plugged in. */
if (boot_cpu_data.x86_vendor == X86_VENDOR_AMD &&
boot_cpu_data.x86 == 6)
reserve_bootmem(0xa0000 - 4096, 4096);
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
/*
* But first pinch a few for the stack/trampoline stuff
* FIXME: Don't need the extra page at 4K, but need to fix
* trampoline before removing it. (see the GDT stuff)
*/
reserve_bootmem(PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE);
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_ACPI_SLEEP
/*
* Reserve low memory region for sleep support.
*/
acpi_reserve_bootmem();
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_FIND_SMP_CONFIG
/*
* Find and reserve possible boot-time SMP configuration:
*/
find_smp_config();
#endif
numa_kva_reserve();
#ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
if (boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader && boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image) {
unsigned long ramdisk_image = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image;
unsigned long ramdisk_size = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size;
unsigned long ramdisk_end = ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size;
unsigned long end_of_lowmem = max_low_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
if (ramdisk_end <= end_of_lowmem) {
reserve_bootmem(ramdisk_image, ramdisk_size);
initrd_start = ramdisk_image + PAGE_OFFSET;
initrd_end = initrd_start+ramdisk_size;
} else {
printk(KERN_ERR "initrd extends beyond end of memory "
"(0x%08lx > 0x%08lx)\ndisabling initrd\n",
ramdisk_end, end_of_lowmem);
initrd_start = 0;
}
}
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC
if (crashk_res.start != crashk_res.end)
reserve_bootmem(crashk_res.start,
crashk_res.end - crashk_res.start + 1);
#endif
}
/*
* The node 0 pgdat is initialized before all of these because
* it's needed for bootmem. node>0 pgdats have their virtual
* space allocated before the pagetables are in place to access
* them, so they can't be cleared then.
*
* This should all compile down to nothing when NUMA is off.
*/
static void __init remapped_pgdat_init(void)
{
int nid;
for_each_online_node(nid) {
if (nid != 0)
memset(NODE_DATA(nid), 0, sizeof(struct pglist_data));
}
}
#ifdef CONFIG_MCA
static void set_mca_bus(int x)
{
MCA_bus = x;
}
#else
static void set_mca_bus(int x) { }
#endif
/* Overridden in paravirt.c if CONFIG_PARAVIRT */
char * __init __attribute__((weak)) memory_setup(void)
{
return machine_specific_memory_setup();
}
/*
* Determine if we were loaded by an EFI loader. If so, then we have also been
* passed the efi memmap, systab, etc., so we should use these data structures
* for initialization. Note, the efi init code path is determined by the
* global efi_enabled. This allows the same kernel image to be used on existing
* systems (with a traditional BIOS) as well as on EFI systems.
*/
void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
{
unsigned long max_low_pfn;
memcpy(&boot_cpu_data, &new_cpu_data, sizeof(new_cpu_data));
pre_setup_arch_hook();
early_cpu_init();
/*
* FIXME: This isn't an official loader_type right
* now but does currently work with elilo.
* If we were configured as an EFI kernel, check to make
* sure that we were loaded correctly from elilo and that
* the system table is valid. If not, then initialize normally.
*/
#ifdef CONFIG_EFI
if ((boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader == 0x50) &&
boot_params.efi_info.efi_systab)
efi_enabled = 1;
#endif
ROOT_DEV = old_decode_dev(boot_params.hdr.root_dev);
screen_info = boot_params.screen_info;
edid_info = boot_params.edid_info;
apm_info.bios = boot_params.apm_bios_info;
ist_info = boot_params.ist_info;
saved_videomode = boot_params.hdr.vid_mode;
if( boot_params.sys_desc_table.length != 0 ) {
set_mca_bus(boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[3] & 0x2);
machine_id = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[0];
machine_submodel_id = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[1];
BIOS_revision = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[2];
}
bootloader_type = boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader;
#ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM
rd_image_start = boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK;
rd_prompt = ((boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG) != 0);
rd_doload = ((boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG) != 0);
#endif
ARCH_SETUP
if (efi_enabled)
efi_init();
else {
printk(KERN_INFO "BIOS-provided physical RAM map:\n");
print_memory_map(memory_setup());
}
copy_edd();
if (!boot_params.hdr.root_flags)
root_mountflags &= ~MS_RDONLY;
init_mm.start_code = (unsigned long) _text;
init_mm.end_code = (unsigned long) _etext;
init_mm.end_data = (unsigned long) _edata;
init_mm.brk = init_pg_tables_end + PAGE_OFFSET;
code_resource.start = virt_to_phys(_text);
code_resource.end = virt_to_phys(_etext)-1;
data_resource.start = virt_to_phys(_etext);
data_resource.end = virt_to_phys(_edata)-1;
parse_early_param();
if (user_defined_memmap) {
printk(KERN_INFO "user-defined physical RAM map:\n");
print_memory_map("user");
}
strlcpy(command_line, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
*cmdline_p = command_line;
max_low_pfn = setup_memory();
#ifdef CONFIG_VMI
/*
* Must be after max_low_pfn is determined, and before kernel
* pagetables are setup.
*/
vmi_init();
#endif
/*
* NOTE: before this point _nobody_ is allowed to allocate
* any memory using the bootmem allocator. Although the
* alloctor is now initialised only the first 8Mb of the kernel
* virtual address space has been mapped. All allocations before
* paging_init() has completed must use the alloc_bootmem_low_pages()
* variant (which allocates DMA'able memory) and care must be taken
* not to exceed the 8Mb limit.
*/
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
smp_alloc_memory(); /* AP processor realmode stacks in low memory*/
#endif
paging_init();
remapped_pgdat_init();
sparse_init();
zone_sizes_init();
/*
* NOTE: at this point the bootmem allocator is fully available.
*/
paravirt_post_allocator_init();
dmi_scan_machine();
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_GENERICARCH
generic_apic_probe();
#endif
if (efi_enabled)
efi_map_memmap();
#ifdef CONFIG_ACPI
/*
* Parse the ACPI tables for possible boot-time SMP configuration.
*/
acpi_boot_table_init();
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_PCI
early_quirks();
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_ACPI
acpi_boot_init();
#if defined(CONFIG_SMP) && defined(CONFIG_X86_PC)
if (def_to_bigsmp)
printk(KERN_WARNING "More than 8 CPUs detected and "
"CONFIG_X86_PC cannot handle it.\nUse "
"CONFIG_X86_GENERICARCH or CONFIG_X86_BIGSMP.\n");
#endif
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC
if (smp_found_config)
get_smp_config();
#endif
e820_register_memory();
e820_mark_nosave_regions();
#ifdef CONFIG_VT
#if defined(CONFIG_VGA_CONSOLE)
if (!efi_enabled || (efi_mem_type(0xa0000) != EFI_CONVENTIONAL_MEMORY))
conswitchp = &vga_con;
#elif defined(CONFIG_DUMMY_CONSOLE)
conswitchp = &dummy_con;
#endif
#endif
}
