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[Some of this is taken from Frohwalt Egerer's original linux-kernel FAQ]

     What follows is a suggested procedure for reporting Linux bugs. You
aren't obliged to use the bug reporting format, it is provided as a guide
to the kind of information that can be useful to developers - no more.

     If the failure includes an "OOPS:" type message in your log or on
screen please read "Documentation/oops-tracing.txt" before posting your
bug report. This explains what you should do with the "Oops" information
to make it useful to the recipient.

      Send the output to the maintainer of the kernel area that seems to
be involved with the problem. Don't worry too much about getting the
wrong person. If you are unsure send it to the person responsible for the
code relevant to what you were doing. If it occurs repeatably try and
describe how to recreate it. That is worth even more than the oops itself.
The list of maintainers is in the MAINTAINERS file in this directory.

      If it is a security bug, please copy the Security Contact listed
in the MAINTAINERS file.  They can help coordinate bugfix and disclosure.
See Documentation/SecurityBugs for more information.

      If you are totally stumped as to whom to send the report, send it to
linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org. (For more information on the linux-kernel
mailing list see http://www.tux.org/lkml/).

This is a suggested format for a bug report sent to the Linux kernel mailing
list. Having a standardized bug report form makes it easier for you not to
overlook things, and easier for the developers to find the pieces of
information they're really interested in. Don't feel you have to follow it.

      First run the ver_linux script included as scripts/ver_linux, which
reports the version of some important subsystems.  Run this script with
the command "sh scripts/ver_linux".

Use that information to fill in all fields of the bug report form, and
post it to the mailing list with a subject of "PROBLEM: <one line
summary from [1.]>" for easy identification by the developers.

[1.] One line summary of the problem:
[2.] Full description of the problem/report:
[3.] Keywords (i.e., modules, networking, kernel):
[4.] Kernel information
[4.1.] Kernel version (from /proc/version):
[4.2.] Kernel .config file:
[5.] Most recent kernel version which did not have the bug:
[6.] Output of Oops.. message (if applicable) with symbolic information
     resolved (see Documentation/oops-tracing.txt)
[7.] A small shell script or example program which triggers the
     problem (if possible)
[8.] Environment
[8.1.] Software (add the output of the ver_linux script here)
[8.2.] Processor information (from /proc/cpuinfo):
[8.3.] Module information (from /proc/modules):
[8.4.] Loaded driver and hardware information (/proc/ioports, /proc/iomem)
[8.5.] PCI information ('lspci -vvv' as root)
[8.6.] SCSI information (from /proc/scsi/scsi)
[8.7.] Other information that might be relevant to the problem
       (please look in /proc and include all information that you
       think to be relevant):
[X.] Other notes, patches, fixes, workarounds:


Thank you
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/*
 *  linux/fs/hfs/super.c
 *
 * Copyright (C) 1995-1997  Paul H. Hargrove
 * (C) 2003 Ardis Technologies <roman@ardistech.com>
 * This file may be distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public License.
 *
 * This file contains hfs_read_super(), some of the super_ops and
 * init_hfs_fs() and exit_hfs_fs().  The remaining super_ops are in
 * inode.c since they deal with inodes.
 *
 * Based on the minix file system code, (C) 1991, 1992 by Linus Torvalds
 */

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/blkdev.h>
#include <linux/mount.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/nls.h>
#include <linux/parser.h>
#include <linux/seq_file.h>
#include <linux/vfs.h>

#include "hfs_fs.h"
#include "btree.h"

static struct kmem_cache *hfs_inode_cachep;

MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

/*
 * hfs_write_super()
 *
 * Description:
 *   This function is called by the VFS only. When the filesystem
 *   is mounted r/w it updates the MDB on disk.
 * Input Variable(s):
 *   struct super_block *sb: Pointer to the hfs superblock
 * Output Variable(s):
 *   NONE
 * Returns:
 *   void
 * Preconditions:
 *   'sb' points to a "valid" (struct super_block).
 * Postconditions:
 *   The MDB is marked 'unsuccessfully unmounted' by clearing bit 8 of drAtrb
 *   (hfs_put_super() must set this flag!). Some MDB fields are updated
 *   and the MDB buffer is written to disk by calling hfs_mdb_commit().
 */
static void hfs_write_super(struct super_block *sb)
{
	sb->s_dirt = 0;
	if (sb->s_flags & MS_RDONLY)
		return;
	/* sync everything to the buffers */
	hfs_mdb_commit(sb);
}

/*
 * hfs_put_super()
 *
 * This is the put_super() entry in the super_operations structure for
 * HFS filesystems.  The purpose is to release the resources
 * associated with the superblock sb.
 */
static void hfs_put_super(struct super_block *sb)
{
	if (sb->s_dirt)
		hfs_write_super(sb);
	hfs_mdb_close(sb);
	/* release the MDB's resources */
	hfs_mdb_put(sb);
}

/*
 * hfs_statfs()
 *
 * This is the statfs() entry in the super_operations structure for
 * HFS filesystems.  The purpose is to return various data about the
 * filesystem.
 *
 * changed f_files/f_ffree to reflect the fs_ablock/free_ablocks.
 */
static int hfs_statfs(struct dentry *dentry, struct kstatfs *buf)
{
	struct super_block *sb = dentry->d_sb;
	u64 id = huge_encode_dev(sb->s_bdev->bd_dev);

	buf->f_type = HFS_SUPER_MAGIC;
	buf->f_bsize = sb->s_blocksize;
	buf->f_blocks = (u32)HFS_SB(sb)->fs_ablocks * HFS_SB(sb)->fs_div;
	buf->f_bfree = (u32)HFS_SB(sb)->free_ablocks * HFS_SB(sb)->fs_div;
	buf->f_bavail = buf->f_bfree;
	buf->f_files = HFS_SB(sb)->fs_ablocks;
	buf->f_ffree = HFS_SB(sb)->free_ablocks;
	buf->f_fsid.val[0] = (u32)id;
	buf->f_fsid.val[1] = (u32)(id >> 32);
	buf->f_namelen = HFS_NAMELEN;

	return 0;
}

static int hfs_remount(struct super_block *sb, int *flags, char *data)
{
	*flags |= MS_NODIRATIME;
	if ((*flags & MS_RDONLY) == (sb->s_flags & MS_RDONLY))
		return 0;
	if (!(*flags & MS_RDONLY)) {
		if (!(HFS_SB(sb)->mdb->drAtrb & cpu_to_be16(HFS_SB_ATTRIB_UNMNT))) {
			printk(KERN_WARNING "hfs: filesystem was not cleanly unmounted, "
			       "running fsck.hfs is recommended.  leaving read-only.\n");
			sb->s_flags |= MS_RDONLY;
			*flags |= MS_RDONLY;
		} else if (HFS_SB(sb)->mdb->drAtrb & cpu_to_be16(HFS_SB_ATTRIB_SLOCK)) {
			printk(KERN_WARNING "hfs: filesystem is marked locked, leaving read-only.\n");
			sb->s_flags |= MS_RDONLY;
			*flags |= MS_RDONLY;
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

static int hfs_show_options(struct seq_file *seq, struct vfsmount *mnt)
{
	struct hfs_sb_info *sbi = HFS_SB(mnt->mnt_sb);

	if (sbi->s_creator != cpu_to_be32(0x3f3f3f3f))
		seq_printf(seq, ",creator=%.4s", (char *)&sbi->s_creator);
	if (sbi->s_type != cpu_to_be32(0x3f3f3f3f))
		seq_printf(seq, ",type=%.4s", (char *)&sbi->s_type);
	seq_printf(seq, ",uid=%u,gid=%u", sbi->s_uid, sbi->s_gid);
	if (sbi->s_file_umask != 0133)
		seq_printf(seq, ",file_umask=%o", sbi->s_file_umask);
	if (sbi->s_dir_umask != 0022)
		seq_printf(seq, ",dir_umask=%o", sbi->s_dir_umask);
	if (sbi->part >= 0)
		seq_printf(seq, ",part=%u", sbi->part);
	if (sbi->session >= 0)
		seq_printf(seq, ",session=%u", sbi->session);
	if (sbi->nls_disk)
		seq_printf(seq, ",codepage=%s", sbi->nls_disk->charset);
	if (sbi->nls_io)
		seq_printf(seq, ",iocharset=%s", sbi->nls_io->charset);
	if (sbi->s_quiet)
		seq_printf(seq, ",quiet");
	return 0;
}

static struct inode *hfs_alloc_inode(struct super_block *sb)
{
	struct hfs_inode_info *i;

	i = kmem_cache_alloc(hfs_inode_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
	return i ? &i->vfs_inode : NULL;
}

static void hfs_destroy_inode(struct inode *inode)
{
	kmem_cache_free(hfs_inode_cachep, HFS_I(inode));
}

static const struct super_operations hfs_super_operations = {
	.alloc_inode	= hfs_alloc_inode,
	.destroy_inode	= hfs_destroy_inode,
	.write_inode	= hfs_write_inode,
	.clear_inode	= hfs_clear_inode,
	.put_super	= hfs_put_super,
	.write_super	= hfs_write_super,
	.statfs		= hfs_statfs,
	.remount_fs     = hfs_remount,
	.show_options	= hfs_show_options,
};

enum {
	opt_uid, opt_gid, opt_umask, opt_file_umask, opt_dir_umask,
	opt_part, opt_session, opt_type, opt_creator, opt_quiet,
	opt_codepage, opt_iocharset,
	opt_err
};

static const match_table_t tokens = {
	{ opt_uid, "uid=%u" },
	{ opt_gid, "gid=%u" },
	{ opt_umask, "umask=%o" },
	{ opt_file_umask, "file_umask=%o" },
	{ opt_dir_umask, "dir_umask=%o" },
	{ opt_part, "part=%u" },
	{ opt_session, "session=%u" },
	{ opt_type, "type=%s" },
	{ opt_creator, "creator=%s" },
	{ opt_quiet, "quiet" },
	{ opt_codepage, "codepage=%s" },
	{ opt_iocharset, "iocharset=%s" },
	{ opt_err, NULL }
};

static inline int match_fourchar(substring_t *arg, u32 *result)
{
	if (arg->to - arg->from != 4)
		return -EINVAL;
	memcpy(result, arg->from, 4);
	return 0;
}

/*
 * parse_options()
 *
 * adapted from linux/fs/msdos/inode.c written 1992,93 by Werner Almesberger
 * This function is called by hfs_read_super() to parse the mount options.
 */
static int parse_options(char *options, struct hfs_sb_info *hsb)
{
	char *p;
	substring_t args[MAX_OPT_ARGS];
	int tmp, token;

	/* initialize the sb with defaults */
	hsb->s_uid = current_uid();
	hsb->s_gid = current_gid();
	hsb->s_file_umask = 0133;
	hsb->s_dir_umask = 0022;
	hsb->s_type = hsb->s_creator = cpu_to_be32(0x3f3f3f3f);	/* == '????' */
	hsb->s_quiet = 0;
	hsb->part = -1;
	hsb->session = -1;

	if (!options)
		return 1;

	while ((p = strsep(&options, ",")) != NULL) {
		if (!*p)
			continue;

		token = match_token(p, tokens, args);
		switch (token) {
		case opt_uid:
			if (match_int(&args[0], &tmp)) {
				printk(KERN_ERR "hfs: uid requires an argument\n");
				return 0;
			}
			hsb->s_uid = (uid_t)tmp;
			break;
		case opt_gid:
			if (match_int(&args[0], &tmp)) {
				printk(KERN_ERR "hfs: gid requires an argument\n");
				return 0;
			}
			hsb->s_gid = (gid_t)tmp;
			break;
		case opt_umask:
			if (match_octal(&args[0], &tmp)) {
				printk(KERN_ERR "hfs: umask requires a value\n");
				return 0;
			}
			hsb->s_file_umask = (umode_t)tmp;
			hsb->s_dir_umask = (umode_t)tmp;
			break;
		case opt_file_umask:
			if (match_octal(&args[0], &tmp)) {
				printk(KERN_ERR "hfs: file_umask requires a value\n");
				return 0;
			}
			hsb->s_file_umask = (umode_t)tmp;
			break;
		case opt_dir_umask:
			if (match_octal(&args[0], &tmp)) {
				printk(KERN_ERR "hfs: dir_umask requires a value\n");
				return 0;
			}
			hsb->s_dir_umask = (umode_t)tmp;
			break;
		case opt_part:
			if (match_int(&args[0], &hsb->part)) {
				printk(KERN_ERR "hfs: part requires an argument\n");
				return 0;
			}
			break;
		case opt_session:
			if (match_int(&args[0], &hsb->session)) {
				printk(KERN_ERR "hfs: session requires an argument\n");
				return 0;
			}
			break;
		case opt_type:
			if (match_fourchar(&args[0], &hsb->s_type)) {
				printk(KERN_ERR "hfs: type requires a 4 character value\n");
				return 0;
			}
			break;
		case opt_creator:
			if (match_fourchar(&args[0], &hsb->s_creator)) {
				printk(KERN_ERR "hfs: creator requires a 4 character value\n");
				return 0;
			}
			break;
		case opt_quiet:
			hsb->s_quiet = 1;
			break;
		case opt_codepage:
			if (hsb->nls_disk) {
				printk(KERN_ERR "hfs: unable to change codepage\n");
				return 0;
			}
			p = match_strdup(&args[0]);
			if (p)
				hsb->nls_disk = load_nls(p);
			if (!hsb->nls_disk) {
				printk(KERN_ERR "hfs: unable to load codepage \"%s\"\n", p);
				kfree(p);
				return 0;
			}
			kfree(p);
			break;
		case opt_iocharset:
			if (hsb->nls_io) {
				printk(KERN_ERR "hfs: unable to change iocharset\n");
				return 0;
			}
			p = match_strdup(&args[0]);
			if (p)
				hsb->nls_io = load_nls(p);
			if (!hsb->nls_io) {
				printk(KERN_ERR "hfs: unable to load iocharset \"%s\"\n", p);
				kfree(p);
				return 0;
			}
			kfree(p);
			break;
		default:
			return 0;
		}
	}

	if (hsb->nls_disk && !hsb->nls_io) {
		hsb->nls_io = load_nls_default();
		if (!hsb->nls_io) {
			printk(KERN_ERR "hfs: unable to load default iocharset\n");
			return 0;
		}
	}
	hsb->s_dir_umask &= 0777;
	hsb->s_file_umask &= 0577;

	return 1;
}

/*
 * hfs_read_super()
 *
 * This is the function that is responsible for mounting an HFS
 * filesystem.	It performs all the tasks necessary to get enough data
 * from the disk to read the root inode.  This includes parsing the
 * mount options, dealing with Macintosh partitions, reading the
 * superblock and the allocation bitmap blocks, calling
 * hfs_btree_init() to get the necessary data about the extents and
 * catalog B-trees and, finally, reading the root inode into memory.
 */
static int hfs_fill_super(struct super_block *sb, void *data, int silent)
{
	struct hfs_sb_info *sbi;
	struct hfs_find_data fd;
	hfs_cat_rec rec;
	struct inode *root_inode;
	int res;

	sbi = kzalloc(sizeof(struct hfs_sb_info), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!sbi)
		return -ENOMEM;
	sb->s_fs_info = sbi;
	INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&sbi->rsrc_inodes);

	res = -EINVAL;
	if (!parse_options((char *)data, sbi)) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "hfs: unable to parse mount options.\n");
		goto bail;
	}

	sb->s_op = &hfs_super_operations;
	sb->s_flags |= MS_NODIRATIME;
	mutex_init(&sbi->bitmap_lock);

	res = hfs_mdb_get(sb);
	if (res) {
		if (!silent)
			printk(KERN_WARNING "hfs: can't find a HFS filesystem on dev %s.\n",
				hfs_mdb_name(sb));
		res = -EINVAL;
		goto bail;
	}

	/* try to get the root inode */
	hfs_find_init(HFS_SB(sb)->cat_tree, &fd);
	res = hfs_cat_find_brec(sb, HFS_ROOT_CNID, &fd);
	if (!res)
		hfs_bnode_read(fd.bnode, &rec, fd.entryoffset, fd.entrylength);
	if (res) {
		hfs_find_exit(&fd);
		goto bail_no_root;
	}
	res = -EINVAL;
	root_inode = hfs_iget(sb, &fd.search_key->cat, &rec);
	hfs_find_exit(&fd);
	if (!root_inode)
		goto bail_no_root;

	res = -ENOMEM;
	sb->s_root = d_alloc_root(root_inode);
	if (!sb->s_root)
		goto bail_iput;

	sb->s_root->d_op = &hfs_dentry_operations;

	/* everything's okay */
	return 0;

bail_iput:
	iput(root_inode);
bail_no_root:
	printk(KERN_ERR "hfs: get root inode failed.\n");
bail:
	hfs_mdb_put(sb);
	return res;
}

static int hfs_get_sb(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
		      int flags, const char *dev_name, void *data,
		      struct vfsmount *mnt)
{
	return get_sb_bdev(fs_type, flags, dev_name, data, hfs_fill_super, mnt);
}

static struct file_system_type hfs_fs_type = {
	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
	.name		= "hfs",
	.get_sb		= hfs_get_sb,
	.kill_sb	= kill_block_super,
	.fs_flags	= FS_REQUIRES_DEV,
};

static void hfs_init_once(void *p)
{
	struct hfs_inode_info *i = p;

	inode_init_once(&i->vfs_inode);
}

static int __init init_hfs_fs(void)
{
	int err;

	hfs_inode_cachep = kmem_cache_create("hfs_inode_cache",
		sizeof(struct hfs_inode_info), 0, SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN,
		hfs_init_once);
	if (!hfs_inode_cachep)
		return -ENOMEM;
	err = register_filesystem(&hfs_fs_type);
	if (err)
		kmem_cache_destroy(hfs_inode_cachep);
	return err;
}

static void __exit exit_hfs_fs(void)
{
	unregister_filesystem(&hfs_fs_type);
	kmem_cache_destroy(hfs_inode_cachep);
}

module_init(init_hfs_fs)
module_exit(exit_hfs_fs)