aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/drivers/edac
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
Diffstat (limited to 'drivers/edac')
-rw-r--r--drivers/edac/e752x_edac.c117
-rw-r--r--drivers/edac/edac_device_sysfs.c6
-rw-r--r--drivers/edac/edac_mc_sysfs.c4
-rw-r--r--drivers/edac/edac_pci_sysfs.c4
-rw-r--r--drivers/edac/mpc85xx_edac.c163
-rw-r--r--drivers/edac/mpc85xx_edac.h3
6 files changed, 270 insertions, 27 deletions
diff --git a/drivers/edac/e752x_edac.c b/drivers/edac/e752x_edac.c
index d205d493a68..243e9aacad6 100644
--- a/drivers/edac/e752x_edac.c
+++ b/drivers/edac/e752x_edac.c
@@ -75,6 +75,14 @@ static struct edac_pci_ctl_info *e752x_pci;
75#define E752X_NR_CSROWS 8 /* number of csrows */ 75#define E752X_NR_CSROWS 8 /* number of csrows */
76 76
77/* E752X register addresses - device 0 function 0 */ 77/* E752X register addresses - device 0 function 0 */
78#define E752X_MCHSCRB 0x52 /* Memory Scrub register (16b) */
79 /*
80 * 6:5 Scrub Completion Count
81 * 3:2 Scrub Rate (i3100 only)
82 * 01=fast 10=normal
83 * 1:0 Scrub Mode enable
84 * 00=off 10=on
85 */
78#define E752X_DRB 0x60 /* DRAM row boundary register (8b) */ 86#define E752X_DRB 0x60 /* DRAM row boundary register (8b) */
79#define E752X_DRA 0x70 /* DRAM row attribute register (8b) */ 87#define E752X_DRA 0x70 /* DRAM row attribute register (8b) */
80 /* 88 /*
@@ -240,6 +248,41 @@ static const struct e752x_dev_info e752x_devs[] = {
240 .ctl_name = "3100"}, 248 .ctl_name = "3100"},
241}; 249};
242 250
251/* Valid scrub rates for the e752x/3100 hardware memory scrubber. We
252 * map the scrubbing bandwidth to a hardware register value. The 'set'
253 * operation finds the 'matching or higher value'. Note that scrubbing
254 * on the e752x can only be enabled/disabled. The 3100 supports
255 * a normal and fast mode.
256 */
257
258#define SDRATE_EOT 0xFFFFFFFF
259
260struct scrubrate {
261 u32 bandwidth; /* bandwidth consumed by scrubbing in bytes/sec */
262 u16 scrubval; /* register value for scrub rate */
263};
264
265/* Rate below assumes same performance as i3100 using PC3200 DDR2 in
266 * normal mode. e752x bridges don't support choosing normal or fast mode,
267 * so the scrubbing bandwidth value isn't all that important - scrubbing is
268 * either on or off.
269 */
270static const struct scrubrate scrubrates_e752x[] = {
271 {0, 0x00}, /* Scrubbing Off */
272 {500000, 0x02}, /* Scrubbing On */
273 {SDRATE_EOT, 0x00} /* End of Table */
274};
275
276/* Fast mode: 2 GByte PC3200 DDR2 scrubbed in 33s = 63161283 bytes/s
277 * Normal mode: 125 (32000 / 256) times slower than fast mode.
278 */
279static const struct scrubrate scrubrates_i3100[] = {
280 {0, 0x00}, /* Scrubbing Off */
281 {500000, 0x0a}, /* Normal mode - 32k clocks */
282 {62500000, 0x06}, /* Fast mode - 256 clocks */
283 {SDRATE_EOT, 0x00} /* End of Table */
284};
285
243static unsigned long ctl_page_to_phys(struct mem_ctl_info *mci, 286static unsigned long ctl_page_to_phys(struct mem_ctl_info *mci,
244 unsigned long page) 287 unsigned long page)
245{ 288{
@@ -915,6 +958,68 @@ static void e752x_check(struct mem_ctl_info *mci)
915 e752x_process_error_info(mci, &info, 1); 958 e752x_process_error_info(mci, &info, 1);
916} 959}
917 960
961/* Program byte/sec bandwidth scrub rate to hardware */
962static int set_sdram_scrub_rate(struct mem_ctl_info *mci, u32 *new_bw)
963{
964 const struct scrubrate *scrubrates;
965 struct e752x_pvt *pvt = (struct e752x_pvt *) mci->pvt_info;
966 struct pci_dev *pdev = pvt->dev_d0f0;
967 int i;
968
969 if (pvt->dev_info->ctl_dev == PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_3100_0)
970 scrubrates = scrubrates_i3100;
971 else
972 scrubrates = scrubrates_e752x;
973
974 /* Translate the desired scrub rate to a e752x/3100 register value.
975 * Search for the bandwidth that is equal or greater than the
976 * desired rate and program the cooresponding register value.
977 */
978 for (i = 0; scrubrates[i].bandwidth != SDRATE_EOT; i++)
979 if (scrubrates[i].bandwidth >= *new_bw)
980 break;
981
982 if (scrubrates[i].bandwidth == SDRATE_EOT)
983 return -1;
984
985 pci_write_config_word(pdev, E752X_MCHSCRB, scrubrates[i].scrubval);
986
987 return 0;
988}
989
990/* Convert current scrub rate value into byte/sec bandwidth */
991static int get_sdram_scrub_rate(struct mem_ctl_info *mci, u32 *bw)
992{
993 const struct scrubrate *scrubrates;
994 struct e752x_pvt *pvt = (struct e752x_pvt *) mci->pvt_info;
995 struct pci_dev *pdev = pvt->dev_d0f0;
996 u16 scrubval;
997 int i;
998
999 if (pvt->dev_info->ctl_dev == PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_3100_0)
1000 scrubrates = scrubrates_i3100;
1001 else
1002 scrubrates = scrubrates_e752x;
1003
1004 /* Find the bandwidth matching the memory scrubber configuration */
1005 pci_read_config_word(pdev, E752X_MCHSCRB, &scrubval);
1006 scrubval = scrubval & 0x0f;
1007
1008 for (i = 0; scrubrates[i].bandwidth != SDRATE_EOT; i++)
1009 if (scrubrates[i].scrubval == scrubval)
1010 break;
1011
1012 if (scrubrates[i].bandwidth == SDRATE_EOT) {
1013 e752x_printk(KERN_WARNING,
1014 "Invalid sdram scrub control value: 0x%x\n", scrubval);
1015 return -1;
1016 }
1017
1018 *bw = scrubrates[i].bandwidth;
1019
1020 return 0;
1021}
1022
918/* Return 1 if dual channel mode is active. Else return 0. */ 1023/* Return 1 if dual channel mode is active. Else return 0. */
919static inline int dual_channel_active(u16 ddrcsr) 1024static inline int dual_channel_active(u16 ddrcsr)
920{ 1025{
@@ -1073,10 +1178,7 @@ fail:
1073 1178
1074/* Setup system bus parity mask register. 1179/* Setup system bus parity mask register.
1075 * Sysbus parity supported on: 1180 * Sysbus parity supported on:
1076 * e7320/e7520/e7525 + Xeon 1181 * e7320/e7520/e7525 + Xeon
1077 * i3100 + Xeon/Celeron
1078 * Sysbus parity not supported on:
1079 * i3100 + Pentium M/Celeron M/Core Duo/Core2 Duo
1080 */ 1182 */
1081static void e752x_init_sysbus_parity_mask(struct e752x_pvt *pvt) 1183static void e752x_init_sysbus_parity_mask(struct e752x_pvt *pvt)
1082{ 1184{
@@ -1087,10 +1189,7 @@ static void e752x_init_sysbus_parity_mask(struct e752x_pvt *pvt)
1087 /* Allow module parameter override, else see if CPU supports parity */ 1189 /* Allow module parameter override, else see if CPU supports parity */
1088 if (sysbus_parity != -1) { 1190 if (sysbus_parity != -1) {
1089 enable = sysbus_parity; 1191 enable = sysbus_parity;
1090 } else if (cpu_id[0] && 1192 } else if (cpu_id[0] && !strstr(cpu_id, "Xeon")) {
1091 ((strstr(cpu_id, "Pentium") && strstr(cpu_id, " M ")) ||
1092 (strstr(cpu_id, "Celeron") && strstr(cpu_id, " M ")) ||
1093 (strstr(cpu_id, "Core") && strstr(cpu_id, "Duo")))) {
1094 e752x_printk(KERN_INFO, "System Bus Parity not " 1193 e752x_printk(KERN_INFO, "System Bus Parity not "
1095 "supported by CPU, disabling\n"); 1194 "supported by CPU, disabling\n");
1096 enable = 0; 1195 enable = 0;
@@ -1187,6 +1286,8 @@ static int e752x_probe1(struct pci_dev *pdev, int dev_idx)
1187 mci->dev_name = pci_name(pdev); 1286 mci->dev_name = pci_name(pdev);
1188 mci->edac_check = e752x_check; 1287 mci->edac_check = e752x_check;
1189 mci->ctl_page_to_phys = ctl_page_to_phys; 1288 mci->ctl_page_to_phys = ctl_page_to_phys;
1289 mci->set_sdram_scrub_rate = set_sdram_scrub_rate;
1290 mci->get_sdram_scrub_rate = get_sdram_scrub_rate;
1190 1291
1191 /* set the map type. 1 = normal, 0 = reversed 1292 /* set the map type. 1 = normal, 0 = reversed
1192 * Must be set before e752x_init_csrows in case csrow mapping 1293 * Must be set before e752x_init_csrows in case csrow mapping
diff --git a/drivers/edac/edac_device_sysfs.c b/drivers/edac/edac_device_sysfs.c
index 53764577035..5fdedbc0f54 100644
--- a/drivers/edac/edac_device_sysfs.c
+++ b/drivers/edac/edac_device_sysfs.c
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ static ssize_t edac_dev_ctl_info_store(struct kobject *kobj,
137} 137}
138 138
139/* edac_dev file operations for an 'ctl_info' */ 139/* edac_dev file operations for an 'ctl_info' */
140static struct sysfs_ops device_ctl_info_ops = { 140static const struct sysfs_ops device_ctl_info_ops = {
141 .show = edac_dev_ctl_info_show, 141 .show = edac_dev_ctl_info_show,
142 .store = edac_dev_ctl_info_store 142 .store = edac_dev_ctl_info_store
143}; 143};
@@ -373,7 +373,7 @@ static ssize_t edac_dev_instance_store(struct kobject *kobj,
373} 373}
374 374
375/* edac_dev file operations for an 'instance' */ 375/* edac_dev file operations for an 'instance' */
376static struct sysfs_ops device_instance_ops = { 376static const struct sysfs_ops device_instance_ops = {
377 .show = edac_dev_instance_show, 377 .show = edac_dev_instance_show,
378 .store = edac_dev_instance_store 378 .store = edac_dev_instance_store
379}; 379};
@@ -476,7 +476,7 @@ static ssize_t edac_dev_block_store(struct kobject *kobj,
476} 476}
477 477
478/* edac_dev file operations for a 'block' */ 478/* edac_dev file operations for a 'block' */
479static struct sysfs_ops device_block_ops = { 479static const struct sysfs_ops device_block_ops = {
480 .show = edac_dev_block_show, 480 .show = edac_dev_block_show,
481 .store = edac_dev_block_store 481 .store = edac_dev_block_store
482}; 482};
diff --git a/drivers/edac/edac_mc_sysfs.c b/drivers/edac/edac_mc_sysfs.c
index e1d4ce08348..88840e9fa3e 100644
--- a/drivers/edac/edac_mc_sysfs.c
+++ b/drivers/edac/edac_mc_sysfs.c
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ static ssize_t csrowdev_store(struct kobject *kobj, struct attribute *attr,
245 return -EIO; 245 return -EIO;
246} 246}
247 247
248static struct sysfs_ops csrowfs_ops = { 248static const struct sysfs_ops csrowfs_ops = {
249 .show = csrowdev_show, 249 .show = csrowdev_show,
250 .store = csrowdev_store 250 .store = csrowdev_store
251}; 251};
@@ -575,7 +575,7 @@ static ssize_t mcidev_store(struct kobject *kobj, struct attribute *attr,
575} 575}
576 576
577/* Intermediate show/store table */ 577/* Intermediate show/store table */
578static struct sysfs_ops mci_ops = { 578static const struct sysfs_ops mci_ops = {
579 .show = mcidev_show, 579 .show = mcidev_show,
580 .store = mcidev_store 580 .store = mcidev_store
581}; 581};
diff --git a/drivers/edac/edac_pci_sysfs.c b/drivers/edac/edac_pci_sysfs.c
index fb60a877d76..bef94e3d994 100644
--- a/drivers/edac/edac_pci_sysfs.c
+++ b/drivers/edac/edac_pci_sysfs.c
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ static ssize_t edac_pci_instance_store(struct kobject *kobj,
121} 121}
122 122
123/* fs_ops table */ 123/* fs_ops table */
124static struct sysfs_ops pci_instance_ops = { 124static const struct sysfs_ops pci_instance_ops = {
125 .show = edac_pci_instance_show, 125 .show = edac_pci_instance_show,
126 .store = edac_pci_instance_store 126 .store = edac_pci_instance_store
127}; 127};
@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ static ssize_t edac_pci_dev_store(struct kobject *kobj,
261 return -EIO; 261 return -EIO;
262} 262}
263 263
264static struct sysfs_ops edac_pci_sysfs_ops = { 264static const struct sysfs_ops edac_pci_sysfs_ops = {
265 .show = edac_pci_dev_show, 265 .show = edac_pci_dev_show,
266 .store = edac_pci_dev_store 266 .store = edac_pci_dev_store
267}; 267};
diff --git a/drivers/edac/mpc85xx_edac.c b/drivers/edac/mpc85xx_edac.c
index ecd5928d711..94cac0aacea 100644
--- a/drivers/edac/mpc85xx_edac.c
+++ b/drivers/edac/mpc85xx_edac.c
@@ -239,16 +239,15 @@ static int __devinit mpc85xx_pci_err_probe(struct of_device *op,
239 /* we only need the error registers */ 239 /* we only need the error registers */
240 r.start += 0xe00; 240 r.start += 0xe00;
241 241
242 if (!devm_request_mem_region(&op->dev, r.start, 242 if (!devm_request_mem_region(&op->dev, r.start, resource_size(&r),
243 r.end - r.start + 1, pdata->name)) { 243 pdata->name)) {
244 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: Error while requesting mem region\n", 244 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: Error while requesting mem region\n",
245 __func__); 245 __func__);
246 res = -EBUSY; 246 res = -EBUSY;
247 goto err; 247 goto err;
248 } 248 }
249 249
250 pdata->pci_vbase = devm_ioremap(&op->dev, r.start, 250 pdata->pci_vbase = devm_ioremap(&op->dev, r.start, resource_size(&r));
251 r.end - r.start + 1);
252 if (!pdata->pci_vbase) { 251 if (!pdata->pci_vbase) {
253 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: Unable to setup PCI err regs\n", __func__); 252 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: Unable to setup PCI err regs\n", __func__);
254 res = -ENOMEM; 253 res = -ENOMEM;
@@ -668,15 +667,125 @@ static struct of_platform_driver mpc85xx_l2_err_driver = {
668 667
669/**************************** MC Err device ***************************/ 668/**************************** MC Err device ***************************/
670 669
670/*
671 * Taken from table 8-55 in the MPC8641 User's Manual and/or 9-61 in the
672 * MPC8572 User's Manual. Each line represents a syndrome bit column as a
673 * 64-bit value, but split into an upper and lower 32-bit chunk. The labels
674 * below correspond to Freescale's manuals.
675 */
676static unsigned int ecc_table[16] = {
677 /* MSB LSB */
678 /* [0:31] [32:63] */
679 0xf00fe11e, 0xc33c0ff7, /* Syndrome bit 7 */
680 0x00ff00ff, 0x00fff0ff,
681 0x0f0f0f0f, 0x0f0fff00,
682 0x11113333, 0x7777000f,
683 0x22224444, 0x8888222f,
684 0x44448888, 0xffff4441,
685 0x8888ffff, 0x11118882,
686 0xffff1111, 0x22221114, /* Syndrome bit 0 */
687};
688
689/*
690 * Calculate the correct ECC value for a 64-bit value specified by high:low
691 */
692static u8 calculate_ecc(u32 high, u32 low)
693{
694 u32 mask_low;
695 u32 mask_high;
696 int bit_cnt;
697 u8 ecc = 0;
698 int i;
699 int j;
700
701 for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
702 mask_high = ecc_table[i * 2];
703 mask_low = ecc_table[i * 2 + 1];
704 bit_cnt = 0;
705
706 for (j = 0; j < 32; j++) {
707 if ((mask_high >> j) & 1)
708 bit_cnt ^= (high >> j) & 1;
709 if ((mask_low >> j) & 1)
710 bit_cnt ^= (low >> j) & 1;
711 }
712
713 ecc |= bit_cnt << i;
714 }
715
716 return ecc;
717}
718
719/*
720 * Create the syndrome code which is generated if the data line specified by
721 * 'bit' failed. Eg generate an 8-bit codes seen in Table 8-55 in the MPC8641
722 * User's Manual and 9-61 in the MPC8572 User's Manual.
723 */
724static u8 syndrome_from_bit(unsigned int bit) {
725 int i;
726 u8 syndrome = 0;
727
728 /*
729 * Cycle through the upper or lower 32-bit portion of each value in
730 * ecc_table depending on if 'bit' is in the upper or lower half of
731 * 64-bit data.
732 */
733 for (i = bit < 32; i < 16; i += 2)
734 syndrome |= ((ecc_table[i] >> (bit % 32)) & 1) << (i / 2);
735
736 return syndrome;
737}
738
739/*
740 * Decode data and ecc syndrome to determine what went wrong
741 * Note: This can only decode single-bit errors
742 */
743static void sbe_ecc_decode(u32 cap_high, u32 cap_low, u32 cap_ecc,
744 int *bad_data_bit, int *bad_ecc_bit)
745{
746 int i;
747 u8 syndrome;
748
749 *bad_data_bit = -1;
750 *bad_ecc_bit = -1;
751
752 /*
753 * Calculate the ECC of the captured data and XOR it with the captured
754 * ECC to find an ECC syndrome value we can search for
755 */
756 syndrome = calculate_ecc(cap_high, cap_low) ^ cap_ecc;
757
758 /* Check if a data line is stuck... */
759 for (i = 0; i < 64; i++) {
760 if (syndrome == syndrome_from_bit(i)) {
761 *bad_data_bit = i;
762 return;
763 }
764 }
765
766 /* If data is correct, check ECC bits for errors... */
767 for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
768 if ((syndrome >> i) & 0x1) {
769 *bad_ecc_bit = i;
770 return;
771 }
772 }
773}
774
671static void mpc85xx_mc_check(struct mem_ctl_info *mci) 775static void mpc85xx_mc_check(struct mem_ctl_info *mci)
672{ 776{
673 struct mpc85xx_mc_pdata *pdata = mci->pvt_info; 777 struct mpc85xx_mc_pdata *pdata = mci->pvt_info;
674 struct csrow_info *csrow; 778 struct csrow_info *csrow;
779 u32 bus_width;
675 u32 err_detect; 780 u32 err_detect;
676 u32 syndrome; 781 u32 syndrome;
677 u32 err_addr; 782 u32 err_addr;
678 u32 pfn; 783 u32 pfn;
679 int row_index; 784 int row_index;
785 u32 cap_high;
786 u32 cap_low;
787 int bad_data_bit;
788 int bad_ecc_bit;
680 789
681 err_detect = in_be32(pdata->mc_vbase + MPC85XX_MC_ERR_DETECT); 790 err_detect = in_be32(pdata->mc_vbase + MPC85XX_MC_ERR_DETECT);
682 if (!err_detect) 791 if (!err_detect)
@@ -692,6 +801,15 @@ static void mpc85xx_mc_check(struct mem_ctl_info *mci)
692 } 801 }
693 802
694 syndrome = in_be32(pdata->mc_vbase + MPC85XX_MC_CAPTURE_ECC); 803 syndrome = in_be32(pdata->mc_vbase + MPC85XX_MC_CAPTURE_ECC);
804
805 /* Mask off appropriate bits of syndrome based on bus width */
806 bus_width = (in_be32(pdata->mc_vbase + MPC85XX_MC_DDR_SDRAM_CFG) &
807 DSC_DBW_MASK) ? 32 : 64;
808 if (bus_width == 64)
809 syndrome &= 0xff;
810 else
811 syndrome &= 0xffff;
812
695 err_addr = in_be32(pdata->mc_vbase + MPC85XX_MC_CAPTURE_ADDRESS); 813 err_addr = in_be32(pdata->mc_vbase + MPC85XX_MC_CAPTURE_ADDRESS);
696 pfn = err_addr >> PAGE_SHIFT; 814 pfn = err_addr >> PAGE_SHIFT;
697 815
@@ -701,14 +819,35 @@ static void mpc85xx_mc_check(struct mem_ctl_info *mci)
701 break; 819 break;
702 } 820 }
703 821
704 mpc85xx_mc_printk(mci, KERN_ERR, "Capture Data High: %#8.8x\n", 822 cap_high = in_be32(pdata->mc_vbase + MPC85XX_MC_CAPTURE_DATA_HI);
705 in_be32(pdata->mc_vbase + 823 cap_low = in_be32(pdata->mc_vbase + MPC85XX_MC_CAPTURE_DATA_LO);
706 MPC85XX_MC_CAPTURE_DATA_HI)); 824
707 mpc85xx_mc_printk(mci, KERN_ERR, "Capture Data Low: %#8.8x\n", 825 /*
708 in_be32(pdata->mc_vbase + 826 * Analyze single-bit errors on 64-bit wide buses
709 MPC85XX_MC_CAPTURE_DATA_LO)); 827 * TODO: Add support for 32-bit wide buses
710 mpc85xx_mc_printk(mci, KERN_ERR, "syndrome: %#8.8x\n", syndrome); 828 */
711 mpc85xx_mc_printk(mci, KERN_ERR, "err addr: %#8.8x\n", err_addr); 829 if ((err_detect & DDR_EDE_SBE) && (bus_width == 64)) {
830 sbe_ecc_decode(cap_high, cap_low, syndrome,
831 &bad_data_bit, &bad_ecc_bit);
832
833 if (bad_data_bit != -1)
834 mpc85xx_mc_printk(mci, KERN_ERR,
835 "Faulty Data bit: %d\n", bad_data_bit);
836 if (bad_ecc_bit != -1)
837 mpc85xx_mc_printk(mci, KERN_ERR,
838 "Faulty ECC bit: %d\n", bad_ecc_bit);
839
840 mpc85xx_mc_printk(mci, KERN_ERR,
841 "Expected Data / ECC:\t%#8.8x_%08x / %#2.2x\n",
842 cap_high ^ (1 << (bad_data_bit - 32)),
843 cap_low ^ (1 << bad_data_bit),
844 syndrome ^ (1 << bad_ecc_bit));
845 }
846
847 mpc85xx_mc_printk(mci, KERN_ERR,
848 "Captured Data / ECC:\t%#8.8x_%08x / %#2.2x\n",
849 cap_high, cap_low, syndrome);
850 mpc85xx_mc_printk(mci, KERN_ERR, "Err addr: %#8.8x\n", err_addr);
712 mpc85xx_mc_printk(mci, KERN_ERR, "PFN: %#8.8x\n", pfn); 851 mpc85xx_mc_printk(mci, KERN_ERR, "PFN: %#8.8x\n", pfn);
713 852
714 /* we are out of range */ 853 /* we are out of range */
diff --git a/drivers/edac/mpc85xx_edac.h b/drivers/edac/mpc85xx_edac.h
index 52432ee7c4b..cb24df83946 100644
--- a/drivers/edac/mpc85xx_edac.h
+++ b/drivers/edac/mpc85xx_edac.h
@@ -48,6 +48,9 @@
48#define DSC_MEM_EN 0x80000000 48#define DSC_MEM_EN 0x80000000
49#define DSC_ECC_EN 0x20000000 49#define DSC_ECC_EN 0x20000000
50#define DSC_RD_EN 0x10000000 50#define DSC_RD_EN 0x10000000
51#define DSC_DBW_MASK 0x00180000
52#define DSC_DBW_32 0x00080000
53#define DSC_DBW_64 0x00000000
51 54
52#define DSC_SDTYPE_MASK 0x07000000 55#define DSC_SDTYPE_MASK 0x07000000
53 56