perf stat: Basic support for TopDown in perf stat

Add basic plumbing for TopDown in perf stat

TopDown is intended to replace the frontend cycles idle/ backend cycles
idle metrics in standard perf stat output.  These metrics are not
reliable in many workloads, due to out of order effects.

This implements a new --topdown mode in perf stat (similar to
--transaction) that measures the pipe line bottlenecks using
standardized formulas. The measurement can be all done with 5 counters
(one fixed counter)

The result are four metrics:

FrontendBound, BackendBound, BadSpeculation, Retiring

that describe the CPU pipeline behavior on a high level.

The full top down methology has many hierarchical metrics.  This
implementation only supports level 1 which can be collected without
multiplexing. A full implementation of top down on top of perf is
available in pmu-tools toplev.  (http://github.com/andikleen/pmu-tools)

The current version works on Intel Core CPUs starting with Sandy Bridge,
and Atom CPUs starting with Silvermont.  In principle the generic
metrics should be also implementable on other out of order CPUs.

TopDown level 1 uses a set of abstracted metrics which are generic to
out of order CPU cores (although some CPUs may not implement all of
them):

  topdown-total-slots       Available slots in the pipeline
  topdown-slots-issued      Slots issued into the pipeline
  topdown-slots-retired     Slots successfully retired
  topdown-fetch-bubbles     Pipeline gaps in the frontend
  topdown-recovery-bubbles  Pipeline gaps during recovery
                            from misspeculation

These metrics then allow to compute four useful metrics:

FrontendBound, BackendBound, Retiring, BadSpeculation.

Add a new --topdown options to enable events.  When --topdown is
specified set up events for all topdown events supported by the kernel.
Add topdown-* as a special case to the event parser, as is needed for
all events containing -.

The actual code to compute the metrics is in follow-on patches.

v2: Use standard sysctl read function.
v3: Move x86 specific code to arch/
v4: Enable --metric-only implicitly for topdown.
v5: Add --single-thread option to not force per core mode
v6: Fix output order of topdown metrics
v7: Allow combining with -d
v8: Remove --single-thread again
v9: Rename functions, adding arch_ and topdown_.
v10: Expand man page and describe TopDown better
Paste intro into commit description.
Print error when malloc fails.

Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1464119559-17203-1-git-send-email-andi@firstfloor.org
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

1 files changed, 116 insertions, 3 deletions

diff --git a/tools/perf/builtin-stat.c b/tools/perf/builtin-stat.c
index ee7ada78d86f..fd76bb0b18d1 100644
--- a/tools/perf/builtin-stat.c
+++ b/tools/perf/builtin-stat.c
@@ -59,10 +59,13 @@
 #include "util/thread.h"
 #include "util/thread_map.h"
 #include "util/counts.h"
+#include "util/group.h"
 #include "util/session.h"
 #include "util/tool.h"
+#include "util/group.h"
 #include "asm/bug.h"
 
+#include <api/fs/fs.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <sys/prctl.h>
 #include <locale.h>
@@ -98,6 +101,15 @@ static const char * transaction_limited_attrs = {
         "}"
 };
 
+static const char * topdown_attrs[] = {
+        "topdown-total-slots",
+        "topdown-slots-retired",
+        "topdown-recovery-bubbles",
+        "topdown-fetch-bubbles",
+        "topdown-slots-issued",
+        NULL,
+};
+
 static struct perf_evlist       *evsel_list;
 
 static struct target target = {
@@ -112,6 +124,7 @@ static volatile pid_t		child_pid			= -1;
 static bool                     null_run                        =  false;
 static int                      detailed_run                    =  0;
 static bool                     transaction_run;
+static bool                     topdown_run                     = false;
 static bool                     big_num                         =  true;
 static int                      big_num_opt                     =  -1;
 static const char               *csv_sep                        = NULL;
@@ -124,6 +137,7 @@ static unsigned int		initial_delay			= 0;
 static unsigned int             unit_width                      = 4; /* strlen("unit") */
 static bool                     forever                         = false;
 static bool                     metric_only                     = false;
+static bool                     force_metric_only               = false;
 static struct timespec          ref_time;
 static struct cpu_map           *aggr_map;
 static aggr_get_id_t            aggr_get_id;
@@ -1520,6 +1534,14 @@ static int stat__set_big_num(const struct option *opt __maybe_unused,
         return 0;
 }
 
+static int enable_metric_only(const struct option *opt __maybe_unused,
+                              const char *s __maybe_unused, int unset)
+{
+        force_metric_only = true;
+        metric_only = !unset;
+        return 0;
+}
+
 static const struct option stat_options[] = {
         OPT_BOOLEAN('T', "transaction", &transaction_run,
                     "hardware transaction statistics"),
@@ -1578,8 +1600,10 @@ static const struct option stat_options[] = {
                      "aggregate counts per thread", AGGR_THREAD),
         OPT_UINTEGER('D', "delay", &initial_delay,
                      "ms to wait before starting measurement after program start"),
-        OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "metric-only", &metric_only,
-                        "Only print computed metrics. No raw values"),
+        OPT_CALLBACK_NOOPT(0, "metric-only", &metric_only, NULL,
+                        "Only print computed metrics. No raw values", enable_metric_only),
+        OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "topdown", &topdown_run,
+                        "measure topdown level 1 statistics"),
         OPT_END()
 };
 
@@ -1772,12 +1796,62 @@ static int perf_stat_init_aggr_mode_file(struct perf_stat *st)
         return 0;
 }
 
+static int topdown_filter_events(const char **attr, char **str, bool use_group)
+{
+        int off = 0;
+        int i;
+        int len = 0;
+        char *s;
+
+        for (i = 0; attr[i]; i++) {
+                if (pmu_have_event("cpu", attr[i])) {
+                        len += strlen(attr[i]) + 1;
+                        attr[i - off] = attr[i];
+                } else
+                        off++;
+        }
+        attr[i - off] = NULL;
+
+        *str = malloc(len + 1 + 2);
+        if (!*str)
+                return -1;
+        s = *str;
+        if (i - off == 0) {
+                *s = 0;
+                return 0;
+        }
+        if (use_group)
+                *s++ = '{';
+        for (i = 0; attr[i]; i++) {
+                strcpy(s, attr[i]);
+                s += strlen(s);
+                *s++ = ',';
+        }
+        if (use_group) {
+                s[-1] = '}';
+                *s = 0;
+        } else
+                s[-1] = 0;
+        return 0;
+}
+
+__weak bool arch_topdown_check_group(bool *warn)
+{
+        *warn = false;
+        return false;
+}
+
+__weak void arch_topdown_group_warn(void)
+{
+}
+
 /*
  * Add default attributes, if there were no attributes specified or
  * if -d/--detailed, -d -d or -d -d -d is used:
  */
 static int add_default_attributes(void)
 {
+        int err;
         struct perf_event_attr default_attrs0[] = {
 
   { .type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_SW_TASK_CLOCK              },
@@ -1896,7 +1970,6 @@ static int add_default_attributes(void)
                 return 0;
 
         if (transaction_run) {
-                int err;
                 if (pmu_have_event("cpu", "cycles-ct") &&
                     pmu_have_event("cpu", "el-start"))
                         err = parse_events(evsel_list, transaction_attrs, NULL);
@@ -1909,6 +1982,46 @@ static int add_default_attributes(void)
                 return 0;
         }
 
+        if (topdown_run) {
+                char *str = NULL;
+                bool warn = false;
+
+                if (stat_config.aggr_mode != AGGR_GLOBAL &&
+                    stat_config.aggr_mode != AGGR_CORE) {
+                        pr_err("top down event configuration requires --per-core mode\n");
+                        return -1;
+                }
+                stat_config.aggr_mode = AGGR_CORE;
+                if (nr_cgroups || !target__has_cpu(&target)) {
+                        pr_err("top down event configuration requires system-wide mode (-a)\n");
+                        return -1;
+                }
+
+                if (!force_metric_only)
+                        metric_only = true;
+                if (topdown_filter_events(topdown_attrs, &str,
+                                arch_topdown_check_group(&warn)) < 0) {
+                        pr_err("Out of memory\n");
+                        return -1;
+                }
+                if (topdown_attrs[0] && str) {
+                        if (warn)
+                                arch_topdown_group_warn();
+                        err = parse_events(evsel_list, str, NULL);
+                        if (err) {
+                                fprintf(stderr,
+                                        "Cannot set up top down events %s: %d\n",
+                                        str, err);
+                                free(str);
+                                return -1;
+                        }
+                } else {
+                        fprintf(stderr, "System does not support topdown\n");
+                        return -1;
+                }
+                free(str);
+        }
+
         if (!evsel_list->nr_entries) {
                 if (target__has_cpu(&target))
                         default_attrs0[0].config = PERF_COUNT_SW_CPU_CLOCK;