net: ipv4: Consider failed nexthops in multipath routes

Multipath route lookups should consider knowledge about next hops and not
select a hop that is known to be failed.

Example:

                     [h2]                   [h3]   15.0.0.5
                      |                      |
                     3|                     3|
                    [SP1]                  [SP2]--+
                     1  2                   1     2
                     |  |     /-------------+     |
                     |   \   /                    |
                     |     X                      |
                     |    / \                     |
                     |   /   \---------------\    |
                     1  2                     1   2
         12.0.0.2  [TOR1] 3-----------------3 [TOR2] 12.0.0.3
                     4                         4
                      \                       /
                        \                    /
                         \                  /
                          -------|   |-----/
                                 1   2
                                [TOR3]
                                  3|
                                   |
                                  [h1]  12.0.0.1

host h1 with IP 12.0.0.1 has 2 paths to host h3 at 15.0.0.5:

    root@h1:~# ip ro ls
    ...
    12.0.0.0/24 dev swp1  proto kernel  scope link  src 12.0.0.1
    15.0.0.0/16
            nexthop via 12.0.0.2  dev swp1 weight 1
            nexthop via 12.0.0.3  dev swp1 weight 1
    ...

If the link between tor3 and tor1 is down and the link between tor1
and tor2 then tor1 is effectively cut-off from h1. Yet the route lookups
in h1 are alternating between the 2 routes: ping 15.0.0.5 gets one and
ssh 15.0.0.5 gets the other. Connections that attempt to use the
12.0.0.2 nexthop fail since that neighbor is not reachable:

    root@h1:~# ip neigh show
    ...
    12.0.0.3 dev swp1 lladdr 00:02:00:00:00:1b REACHABLE
    12.0.0.2 dev swp1  FAILED
    ...

The failed path can be avoided by considering known neighbor information
when selecting next hops. If the neighbor lookup fails we have no
knowledge about the nexthop, so give it a shot. If there is an entry
then only select the nexthop if the state is sane. This is similar to
what fib_detect_death does.

To maintain backward compatibility use of the neighbor information is
based on a new sysctl, fib_multipath_use_neigh.

Signed-off-by: David Ahern <dsa@cumulusnetworks.com>
Reviewed-by: Julian Anastasov <ja@ssi.bg>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

2 files changed, 40 insertions, 5 deletions

diff --git a/net/ipv4/fib_semantics.c b/net/ipv4/fib_semantics.c
index d97268e8ff10..ab64d9f2eef9 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/fib_semantics.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/fib_semantics.c
@@ -1559,21 +1559,45 @@ int fib_sync_up(struct net_device *dev, unsigned int nh_flags)
 }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_MULTIPATH
+static bool fib_good_nh(const struct fib_nh *nh)
+{
+        int state = NUD_REACHABLE;
+
+        if (nh->nh_scope == RT_SCOPE_LINK) {
+                struct neighbour *n;
+
+                rcu_read_lock_bh();
+
+                n = __ipv4_neigh_lookup_noref(nh->nh_dev, nh->nh_gw);
+                if (n)
+                        state = n->nud_state;
+
+                rcu_read_unlock_bh();
+        }
+
+        return !!(state & NUD_VALID);
+}
 
 void fib_select_multipath(struct fib_result *res, int hash)
 {
         struct fib_info *fi = res->fi;
+        struct net *net = fi->fib_net;
+        bool first = false;
 
         for_nexthops(fi) {
                 if (hash > atomic_read(&nh->nh_upper_bound))
                         continue;
 
-                res->nh_sel = nhsel;
-                return;
+                if (!net->ipv4.sysctl_fib_multipath_use_neigh ||
+                    fib_good_nh(nh)) {
+                        res->nh_sel = nhsel;
+                        return;
+                }
+                if (!first) {
+                        res->nh_sel = nhsel;
+                        first = true;
+                }
         } endfor_nexthops(fi);
-
-        /* Race condition: route has just become dead. */
-        res->nh_sel = 0;
 }
 #endif
 
diff --git a/net/ipv4/sysctl_net_ipv4.c b/net/ipv4/sysctl_net_ipv4.c
index 1e1fe6086dd9..bb0419582b8d 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/sysctl_net_ipv4.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/sysctl_net_ipv4.c
@@ -960,6 +960,17 @@ static struct ctl_table ipv4_net_table[] = {
                 .mode           = 0644,
                 .proc_handler   = proc_dointvec,
         },
+#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_MULTIPATH
+        {
+                .procname       = "fib_multipath_use_neigh",
+                .data           = &init_net.ipv4.sysctl_fib_multipath_use_neigh,
+                .maxlen         = sizeof(int),
+                .mode           = 0644,
+                .proc_handler   = proc_dointvec_minmax,
+                .extra1         = &zero,
+                .extra2         = &one,
+        },
+#endif
         { }
 };