Merge branch 'nsfs-ioctls' into HEAD

From: Andrey Vagin <avagin@openvz.org>

Each namespace has an owning user namespace and now there is not way
to discover these relationships.

Pid and user namepaces are hierarchical. There is no way to discover
parent-child relationships too.

Why we may want to know relationships between namespaces?

One use would be visualization, in order to understand the running
system.  Another would be to answer the question: what capability does
process X have to perform operations on a resource governed by namespace
Y?

One more use-case (which usually called abnormal) is checkpoint/restart.
In CRIU we are going to dump and restore nested namespaces.

There [1] was a discussion about which interface to choose to determing
relationships between namespaces.

Eric suggested to add two ioctl-s [2]:
> Grumble, Grumble.  I think this may actually a case for creating ioctls
> for these two cases.  Now that random nsfs file descriptors are bind
> mountable the original reason for using proc files is not as pressing.
>
> One ioctl for the user namespace that owns a file descriptor.
> One ioctl for the parent namespace of a namespace file descriptor.

Here is an implementaions of these ioctl-s.

$ man man7/namespaces.7
...
Since  Linux  4.X,  the  following  ioctl(2)  calls are supported for
namespace file descriptors.  The correct syntax is:

      fd = ioctl(ns_fd, ioctl_type);

where ioctl_type is one of the following:

NS_GET_USERNS
      Returns a file descriptor that refers to an owning user names‐
      pace.

NS_GET_PARENT
      Returns  a  file descriptor that refers to a parent namespace.
      This ioctl(2) can be used for pid  and  user  namespaces.  For
      user namespaces, NS_GET_PARENT and NS_GET_USERNS have the same
      meaning.

In addition to generic ioctl(2) errors, the following  specific  ones
can occur:

EINVAL NS_GET_PARENT was called for a nonhierarchical namespace.

EPERM  The  requested  namespace  is outside of the current namespace
      scope.

[1] https://lkml.org/lkml/2016/7/6/158
[2] https://lkml.org/lkml/2016/7/9/101

Changes for v2:
* don't return ENOENT for init_user_ns and init_pid_ns. There is nothing
  outside of the init namespace, so we can return EPERM in this case too.
  > The fewer special cases the easier the code is to get
  > correct, and the easier it is to read. // Eric

Changes for v3:
* rename ns->get_owner() to ns->owner(). get_* usually means that it
  grabs a reference.

Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com>
Cc: "Michael Kerrisk (man-pages)" <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Cc: "W. Trevor King" <wking@tremily.us>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com>

4 files changed, 62 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/kernel/cgroup.c b/kernel/cgroup.c
index f1dd4b076210..d6504338e284 100644
--- a/kernel/cgroup.c
+++ b/kernel/cgroup.c
@@ -6421,12 +6421,18 @@ static void cgroupns_put(struct ns_common *ns)
         put_cgroup_ns(to_cg_ns(ns));
 }
 
+static struct user_namespace *cgroupns_owner(struct ns_common *ns)
+{
+        return to_cg_ns(ns)->user_ns;
+}
+
 const struct proc_ns_operations cgroupns_operations = {
         .name           = "cgroup",
         .type           = CLONE_NEWCGROUP,
         .get            = cgroupns_get,
         .put            = cgroupns_put,
         .install        = cgroupns_install,
+        .owner          = cgroupns_owner,
 };
 
 static __init int cgroup_namespaces_init(void)
diff --git a/kernel/pid_namespace.c b/kernel/pid_namespace.c
index 7542b28cc929..df9e8e9e0be7 100644
--- a/kernel/pid_namespace.c
+++ b/kernel/pid_namespace.c
@@ -405,12 +405,37 @@ static int pidns_install(struct nsproxy *nsproxy, struct ns_common *ns)
         return 0;
 }
 
+static struct ns_common *pidns_get_parent(struct ns_common *ns)
+{
+        struct pid_namespace *active = task_active_pid_ns(current);
+        struct pid_namespace *pid_ns, *p;
+
+        /* See if the parent is in the current namespace */
+        pid_ns = p = to_pid_ns(ns)->parent;
+        for (;;) {
+                if (!p)
+                        return ERR_PTR(-EPERM);
+                if (p == active)
+                        break;
+                p = p->parent;
+        }
+
+        return &get_pid_ns(pid_ns)->ns;
+}
+
+static struct user_namespace *pidns_owner(struct ns_common *ns)
+{
+        return to_pid_ns(ns)->user_ns;
+}
+
 const struct proc_ns_operations pidns_operations = {
         .name           = "pid",
         .type           = CLONE_NEWPID,
         .get            = pidns_get,
         .put            = pidns_put,
         .install        = pidns_install,
+        .owner          = pidns_owner,
+        .get_parent     = pidns_get_parent,
 };
 
 static __init int pid_namespaces_init(void)
diff --git a/kernel/user_namespace.c b/kernel/user_namespace.c
index f2c5ba5505f1..86b7854fec8e 100644
--- a/kernel/user_namespace.c
+++ b/kernel/user_namespace.c
@@ -1050,12 +1050,37 @@ static int userns_install(struct nsproxy *nsproxy, struct ns_common *ns)
         return commit_creds(cred);
 }
 
+struct ns_common *ns_get_owner(struct ns_common *ns)
+{
+        struct user_namespace *my_user_ns = current_user_ns();
+        struct user_namespace *owner, *p;
+
+        /* See if the owner is in the current user namespace */
+        owner = p = ns->ops->owner(ns);
+        for (;;) {
+                if (!p)
+                        return ERR_PTR(-EPERM);
+                if (p == my_user_ns)
+                        break;
+                p = p->parent;
+        }
+
+        return &get_user_ns(owner)->ns;
+}
+
+static struct user_namespace *userns_owner(struct ns_common *ns)
+{
+        return to_user_ns(ns)->parent;
+}
+
 const struct proc_ns_operations userns_operations = {
         .name           = "user",
         .type           = CLONE_NEWUSER,
         .get            = userns_get,
         .put            = userns_put,
         .install        = userns_install,
+        .owner          = userns_owner,
+        .get_parent     = ns_get_owner,
 };
 
 static __init int user_namespaces_init(void)
diff --git a/kernel/utsname.c b/kernel/utsname.c
index 35587b76faa3..6976cd47dcf6 100644
--- a/kernel/utsname.c
+++ b/kernel/utsname.c
@@ -154,10 +154,16 @@ static int utsns_install(struct nsproxy *nsproxy, struct ns_common *new)
         return 0;
 }
 
+static struct user_namespace *utsns_owner(struct ns_common *ns)
+{
+        return to_uts_ns(ns)->user_ns;
+}
+
 const struct proc_ns_operations utsns_operations = {
         .name           = "uts",
         .type           = CLONE_NEWUTS,
         .get            = utsns_get,
         .put            = utsns_put,
         .install        = utsns_install,
+        .owner          = utsns_owner,
 };